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1. NEXTC 30 EXEC 24576 40 DATA 189 251 212 189 248 101 129 50 DATA 3 39 6 189 249 201 126 96 60 DATA3 126 226 113 ENTER M gt SAVE 24576 24594 LETTER RESULT PRESS RECORD THEN ENTER The above program has now been saved onto tape To load it back in CLOADM LETTER and EXEC 24576 PAUSE FORMAT PAUSE number of seconds message PURPOSE To stop program execution for a given amount of time and display a message PAUSE causes the computer to wait the given amount of time specified The message is optional Example 1 PAUSE 5 PAUSE COMMAND lt ENTER gt RESULT PAUSE COMMAND will be displayed on the screen for 5 seconds Example 2 PAUSE5S lt ENTER gt RESULT The computer will wait for 5 seconds Note PAUSE can be used in the same way as PRINT TAB x and x message PAUSE 2 120 T or PAUSE 2 TAB 2 J RENUM FORMAT RENUM start line increment new start line PURPOSE To automatically renumber all program lines after the specified start line number RENUM changes every line number after the specified start line number All subsequent line numbers are then changed to the selected increment The new start line variable is where the program will start to be renumbered from Example To renumber all lines in a basic program 10 FOR X 1 TO 10 20 PRINT X 30 EFFECT 150 30 40 NEXT X Type RENUM 10 15 100 lt ENTER gt LIST lt ENTER gt DISPLAY 100 FOR X 1 TO
2. followed by any other programming on the same line Note The procedure name is limited to eight characters There must be no space between the PROC command and the procedure name DPROC FORMAT DPROC procedure name PURPOSE To label a program routine DPROC enables you to label program routines and call these routines by name when they are required All characters on the line which follow the DPROC are taken as the name of the procedure Therefore DPROC and the procedure name must not be followed by any other code on the same program line Note The procedure name is limited to eight characters There must be no space between the PROC command and the procedure name EPROC FORMAT EPROC PURPOSE To indicate the end of a procedure This command acts in the same way as the RETURN command When the procedure ends the program returns to the line following that on which the procedure was called Example of PROC DPROC and EPROC 05 REM DEMO OF PROC DPROC EPROC 10 CLS PLOT S 5 PRINT A TO STOP 20 PROCSOUND 30 A INKEY IF A A THEN 50 40 GOTO 20 50 PROCOFF 70 END 80 DPROCSOUND 90 POKE 34943 9 POKE34958 8 100 FOR F 225 TO 30 STEP 2 EFFECTF 2 110 EFFECTF 30 2 NEXTF PROCOFF 120 EPROC 130 DPROCOFF 140 POKE 34943 11 POKE34958 9 EPROC POP FORMAT POP PURPOSE GOSUB without RETURN PROC without EPROC The POP command allows the use of the GOSUB CGOSUB and PROC commands withou
3. 10 115 PRINT X 130 EFFECT 150 30 145 NEXT X Note RENUM doesn t renumber lines associated with GOSUB or GOTO CCOL FORMAT CCOL cursor colour PURPOSE To change the colour of the cursor The colour code to which the CCOL command uses are located on page 118 of your MC 10 operation and language manual Numbers below 1 and greater than 8 will result in a Microsoft Error DUMP FORMAT DUMP PURPOSE To give a screen dump onto the printer Load a program which is graphical Somewhere in the program insert a new line containing the command DUMP Example 10 REM EXAMPLE OF DUMP 20 F 134 H 416 T 128 GS CHRS F 30 PRINT T G 40 T T 1 IF T H THEN 60 50 GOTO30 60 PRINT EXAMPLE OF DUMP 70 DUMP CLS When line 70 executed a screen dump will occur onto your printer Ensure the printer is switched on PLOT FORMAT PLOT x y PURPOSE To position the cursor at the coordinates defined The PLOT command is another text positioning command that is easier to use There is no adding or subtracting needed The value for x is between 0 31 and for y the value is between 0 15 Page 93 of the MC 10 manual shows a grid with all the graphics locations which can be used as a reference guide when using the PLOT command Example 10 CLS 20 PLOT 5 5 30 PRINT EXTENDED 40 PLOT 13 6 50 PRINT BASIC 60 END SPEED FORMAT SPEED delay PURPOSE To slow the printing of characters onto the scr
4. CT 50 PLOT 8 8 PRINT 2 DOWN EFFECT 2 60 PLOT 8 10 PRINT 3 UFO TAKE OFF 70 A INKEYS IF THEN 70 80 IF A 1 THEN PROCUP 90 IF A 2 THEN PROCDOWN 100 IF A 3 THEN PROCUFO 110 GOTO 70 120 DPROCUP 130 G 1 H 255 J 1 GOSUB380 POP GOTO30 160 DPROCDOWN 170 GOSUB420 G 1 H 1 J 255 GOSUB380 190 GOSUB430 POP GOTO30 210 DPROCUFO 220 GOSUB420 230 A 0 FORX 1TO3 FORF 255T0O210STEP 1 EFFECTF 2 NEXTF 250 FORG 1T03 FORC 1TO40 EFFECTC l NEXT NEXT NEXTX 260 FORF 255TO210STEP 1 EFFECTF 1 EFFECTRND 255 1 NEXT 270 A A 1 IFA 2THEN290 280 GOTO260 290 FORF 16TO255STEP19 300 EFFECTF GOSUB420 EFFECTF 10 1 310 GOSUB430 NEXT B 0 330 EFFECT243 5 B B 1 IF B 30THEN350 340 GOTO330 350 FOR F 210TO255 EFFECTF 20 NEXT 370 POP GOTO30 380 FORF JTOHSTEPG EFFECTF NEXT 390 RETURN 420 POKE34943 9 POKE34958 8 RETURN 430 POKE34943 11 POKE34958 9 RETURN 10 REM SAVE SCREEN PRESS A KEY 20 REM LOAD SCREEN PRESS 1 30 CLSO 40 N RND 63 M RND 31 B RND 8 50 SET N M B EFFECTN 2 EFFECTM 1 60 A INKEY IF A THEN 40 80 IF A 1 THEN 110 90 M gt SAVE16384 16896 SCREEN 110 CLOADM EFFECT45 60 120 GOTO120 11
5. ECT command allows you to produce better sound for arcade style games Tone specifies the sound and is represented by a number between 1 255 Duration specifies the length of time the sound and is also between 1 255 Both tone and duration must be specified Example 10 FOR F 1 TO 225 20 EFFECT F 1 EFFECT F 30 1 30 NEXT F EFFECT 2 bonus command Enable POKE 34943 9 POKE 34958 8 Disable POKE 34943 11 POKE 34958 9 Can only be used in conjunction with the EFFECT command Example 10 CLS 20 FORD 1TO225 EFFECTD 1 30 EFFECTD 30 2 NEXTD 40 PRINT PRESS A KEY 50 A INKEY IF A THEN 50 60 REM ENABLE EFFECT 2 70 POKE 34943 9 POKE 34958 8 80 FOR G 255 TO 30 STEP 1 EFFECTG 29 2 90 EFFECTG 1 NEXTG 100 REM DISABLE EFFECT 2 110 POKE 34943 11 POKE 34958 9 KEY FORMAT KEY PURPOSE Produces a sound when any key is depressed Every key on the keyboard has been assigned a note Each time a key is pushed it produces its very own distinctive note Except CONTROL and SHIFT keys BEEP FORMAT BEEP PURPOSE Produces a sharper and shorter pitched sound when any key is pressed BEEP must be disabled before using your printer and before saving or loading programs BPOFF FORMAT BPOFF PURPOSE Disables both the KEY and BEEP commands 10 Demonstration programs 10 REM THE SOUND SYSTEM 20 CLSO 30 PLOT 7 4 PRINT SOUND SYSTEM 40 PLOT 8 6 PRINT 1 UP EFFE
6. END 100 PRINT A END EDIT By H Allan Curtis FORMAT EDIT line number PURPOSE To edit a line of basic code Because Extended Basic wouldn t allow Little e to be run we decided to make Little e a built in command Little e remains all the same features as the original except after you have finished editing a line number use lt ENTER gt to disable the command and return to basic The right arrow key moves the cursor left and the down arrow key moves the cursor down one line it also moves the cursor up a line only when you are positioned at the bottom of line 4 Keywords can be used Eg Control K will display the SOUND command during editing Deletion L DEL Deletes the character under the cursor Insertion SHIFT Inserts one space at a time After editing the line make sure the cursor is positioned at the end of the text you require as anything after the cursor will be eliminated LRESET FORMAT LRESET line number PURPOSE Reset data pointer to a certain line number Standard basic data is always read one DATA statement per one READ command RESET resets all data statements and LRESET only resets one data statement Therefore all of the data doesn t need to be read again just specify a particular line and only that line will be reset ready to be READ again Example 10 REM EXAMPLE OF LRESET 20 CLS PLOT 2 5 30 PRINT INPUT A CATEGORY LISTED BELOW 35 PRINT 40 PRINT CA
7. Extended Basic V1 0 for the MC 10 User Manual 20K ram needed Adds 27 extra basic commands to the Tandy MC 10 Gary Furr 1986 Known machine language programs that won t work with Extended Basic V1 0 Little R October 1985 p47 Edit February 1986 p64 Rom1 1 All Graham Pollock s hires programs INDEX Loading instructions 64 P2 Entering Commands 4 P2 Error messages iw eee eee eee ees P2 Demonstration programs P11 Commands Programming aids AUTOA e naaa P3 80 P3 CGOLO 20s semester 2 P3 EDIF e anna EA E P4 BRESET Seiger aa n P4 MERGE arreso net isaer tesit P5 1 PS PAUSE mr tiu cee n dans eon P5 RENUM P6 Screen aids COOL Anarin TAA esas P6 DUME ERT EE P6 PEOL 2 55 eri enn P7 mae P7 SPDOEE P7 Numeric aids HEX assayageietorsieieisaslavags P7 DEG aeee Re TRE RT P7 Structured programming PROG T enoa P8 DPROGC Franaa P8 11 253023625 ete P8 POP e E P9 Error trapping 121 1 61 46 P9 ERROFF 2 P9 ERREN o ARENE EN ETE P9 Sound 15 51 15 6 os P10 KEY popoi sce P10 1 1 60 06 55 2 P10 Loading instructions To load Extended B
8. RS 2 COMPUTERS 50 PRINT 3 NAMES 4 COMMANDS 60 A INKEY IFA lt 0 OR A gt 4 THEN 60 70 IF A 1 THEN LRESET140 80 IF A 2 THEN LRESET150 90 IF A 3 THEN LRESET160 100 IF A 4 THEN LRESET170 110 FORG 1T0O4 READL PRINTL NEXTG 120 PAUSES GOTO20 140 DATA HOLDEN FORD MAGNA MINI 150 DATA CO CO MC 10 T100 T200 160 DATA JIM KEVIN GARY GRAHAM 170 DATA AUTO RENUM ERROR EDIT MERGE FORMAT MERGE name PURPOSE To tag a basic program onto the end of another basic program currently in memory If no name is defined the first program found will be used Example Load a basic program into the MC 10 then enter MERGE program name lt ENTER gt Press play on the tape when the OK is display on the screen enter LIST and displayed will be the first basic program followed by the second basic program kCAUTION The merged program will follow the program currently in memory In most cases it will be necessary to use the RENUM command to fix up the line numbers M gt SAVE FORMAT M gt SAVE start end name PURPOSE To save machine language on tape M gt SAVE saves a machine language program from the start to the end address given Only decimal numbers can be entered Example Enter the below program and RUN The lt BREAK gt to will terminate 4 REM LETTER WRITER 5 REM lt BREAK gt TO END 10 FOR C 24576 TO 24594 20 READX POKEC X
9. a normal basic line Each time you finish typing your line of basic code after pressing lt ENTER gt the increment that you specified will be added to the number of the previous line To terminate the AUTO command press lt ENTER gt twice after the line number is displayed Example To generate line numbers automatically in intervals of 10 beginning at 10 ENTER AUTO 10 10 DISPLAYED 10 ENTER PRINT DEMO OF AUTO lt ENTER gt DISPLAY 20 ENTER PRINT FINISHED lt ENTER gt DISPLAY 30 lt ENTER gt lt ENTER gt CGOSUB FORMAT CGOSUB variable PURPOSE To GOSUB a line number determined by a variable or mathematical formula In normal basic the GOSUB command doesn t allow to GOSUB a line number determined by a variable CGOSUB does Example NEW lt ENTER gt 10 REM EXAMPLE OF CGOSUB 20 CLS FORNO 1TO 5 30 CGOSUB NO 10 70 40 PAUSE 1 NEXTNO END 80 PRINT ROUTINE 1 RETURN 90 PRINT ROUTINE 2 RETURN 100 PRINT ROUTINE 3 RETURN 110 PRINT ROUTINE RETURN 120 PRINT ROUTINE 5 RETURN CGOTO FORMAT CGOTO line number PURPOSE Works in the same way a CGOSUB except CGOTO is used CGOTO works the same way as CGOSUB except that CGOTO doesn t use a return 5 REM DEMO OF CGOTO 10 A RND 3 20 IF 0 THENIO 30 IF THEN A 80 40 IF A 2 THEN A 90 50 IF A 3 THEN A 100 60 CGOTO A 70 END 80 PRINT A END 90 PRINT A
10. asic enter CLOADM After loading the following will be displayed on the screen EXTENDED BASIC V1 0 FURR 1986 OK All of the Extended Basic commands are now included in the operating system of the MC 10 and may be used at any time like the normal basic commands Extended Basic uses approximately 2 330K bytes Entering Commands All of the Extended Basic commands are entered in the same way as those that are in standard basic most of the new commands can be incorporated in programs except DEC and HEX When the reset button is pressed the sign on message will be displayed and the current program in memory won t be destroyed Note The RESET button doesn t disable any commands Error messages PROC NF ERROR IN line number The procedure you have called can t be found EPROC ERROR No procedure has been called for the application to return to RG ERROR during a POP command No GOSUB or PROC command has been used in the program so far ERROR during an ERROR x command The line number contained the brackets can t be located If a line number above 63999 is used in AUTO then an ERROR is displayed If a number below 1 or above 8 is used in CCOL then a MICROSOFT error is displayed AUTO FORMAT AUTO start line number increment PURPOSE To generate program line numbers at a specified increment When the AUTO command is entered the start program line number is displayed with the cursor following it ready to type
11. een Delay value 1 255 Where 1 is fast and 255 is very slow This command can be used in two ways 1 Slow list 2 Slowing down printing onto the screen during a programs execution Note The SPEED command alters how fast the keyboard will respond to the keys being pressed and being displayed on the screen SPEED must be disabled before saving or loading programs and before using your printer SPDOFF FORMAT SPDOFF PURPOSE To disable the SPEED command HEX FORMAT HEX decimal decimal PURPOSE To convert a decimal number into hex number The maximum decimal number that can be converted is 65535 Multiple conversions can be performed if separated by a comma Example ENTER HEX 65535 16384 lt ENTER gt RESULT FFFF 4000 DEC FORMAT DEC hex number hex number PURPOSE To convert a hex number to a decimal number Multiple conversions can be performed if separated by a comma The result will be an eight or sixteen bit number Example ENTER DEC FFFF 009D 7A00 lt ENTER gt RESULT 65535 157 31232 Note Four characters must be specified PROC FORMAT PROC procedure name PURPOSE To transfer the program execution to a specific line of code The PROC command acts in the same way as the GOSUB command except that a name is used in the place of a line number Everything that follows a PROC on the same line is used as the name of the procedure being called so therefore the PROC and the procedure name must not be
12. t having to return to where it started from when the routine that was called has been completed Example 10 PRINT EXTENDED 20 GOSUB 50 30 PRINT V1 0 40 END 50 POP PRINT BASIC 60 RETURN In theory the above program if the POP command wasn t in line 50 the output would be EXTENDED BASIC V1 0 displayed on the screen under each other but with the POP command in line 50 the result will be EXTENDED BASIC displayed on the screen ERROR FORMAT ERROR line number PURPOSE To trap errors in programs If an error is found during a program execution the program will be diverted to the line number specified in the brackets It can be used to produce your own personalised error messages It is very important that after finding an error that the ERROFF command be executed ERROR must be disabled before LOADING ERROFF FORMAT ERROFF PURPOSE To disable the ERROR command This command must be executed after displaying your new error message and before CLOADing any programs ERRLN FORMAT ERRLN PURPOSE Holds the last line number that an error occurred in This command can be used in direct mode or within a program Example of ERROR ERROFF and ERRLN Deliberate mistake in line 40 10 ERROR 100 20 FOR B 1 TO 10 30 EFFECTB 4 40 PRONT HI 50 NEXTB END 100 CLS PRINT ERROR IN LINE ERRLN 110 ERROFF END EFFECT FORMAT EFFECT tone duration PURPOSE To create sound effects The EFF

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