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33 Questions per Minute - Rafael Lozano

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1. 24 MASTER SLAVE COMMUNICATION MODE 24 CHARACTERS VISUALIZATION ON THE 0 4 000 26 DATA STORED IN EEPROM i iaccnresa NIME SEV EEUU ARE 27 COMMANDS FOR CURSOR POSITION eese esses 28 CURSOR LEFT 5 28 CURSOR RIGHT mme 28 CURSOR DOWN P 28 CURSOR M M 28 18 7 E 28 CARRIAGE RETURN 29 CARRIAGE RETURN LINE FEED 1 29 ABSOLUTE CURSOR PLACEMENT sccssecssccssscscsessssescvenccosenasasanteussatensascnes seovecssassavecse 29 OTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Pagel grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY COMMANDS FOR CHARACTERS ERASURE 4 41 ense 30 555585 30 30 5
2. ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY GPC 884 General Purpose Controller Am188ES Microprocessor AMD Am188ES up to 40 MHz16 bits implementation completely CMOS serie 4 format 512K EPROM or FLASH 512K SRAM backed with Lithium battery RTC 1 RS 232 serial line 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 or current loop 16 I O TTL 3 timer counter watch dog EEPROM 11 signals A D converter with 12 bit resolution interface for ABACO I O BUS 114 General Purpose Controller 68HC11 Microprocessor 68HC11A1 at 8 MHz type 4 format 32K EPROM 32K SRAM backed with Lithium battery 32K EPROM SRAM 1 serial line RS 232 RS 422 or RS 485 10 TTL I O lines 3 timers counters watch dog 8 A D converter signals with 8 bits resolution 1 synchronous serial line extremly low power consumption interface for ABACO I O BUS GPC AMA General Purpose Controller ATmegal03 Microprocessor ATmegal03 at 5 5 MHz CMOS implementation 128K internal FLASH 32K 5 Back Up with Lithium battery internal or external internal 1 serial line RS 232 RS 422 RS 485 orcurrent loop 16 I O TTL 8 linee A D resolution 10 bits 3 timers counters Watch Dog Real Time Clock ABACO I O BUS expansion Interface for ISP programming MSI 01 Multi Serial Interface 1 line Interface card for TTL serial line that is buffered in RS 232 RS 422 RS 485 or current loop line The TTL line is on a mini screw connector and the buffered one is on stan
3. 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn Here follows a description of the board s functional blocks with an indication of the operations performed by each one SERIAL COMMUNICATION The communication with remote units is by standard RS 232 serial line but it can be optionally changed in RS 422 RS 485 or Current Loop Communication mode can be point to point or Master Slave employing the nineth bit techinque communication protocol is 8 point to point or9 Master Slave Bit no parity Baud Rate selectable amongst 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 and 38400 Baud and Stop bit selectable amongst 1 2 these parameters are defined through set up mode BUZZER QTP 4x6 has a circuitery that generates a steady sound based on a capacitive buzzer The said circuitery can be activated by software through a specific comand for generating a simple beep or it can be linked to a key pressure just to get the keyclick function or it can signalize possible malfunctions In the last case when after a power on the card generates an intermittent sound and it doesn t work correctly there is a wrong condition that must be resolved please contact grifo technicians KEYBOARD QTP4x6 has an interface for a 4x6 external matrix keytboard with 24 keys made by normally open contacts The keys management is completely automatic with comfortable autorepeat feature and there is also the possibility to change the code returned on the serial line for each key stroke th
4. grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY Page B 4 o OTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn APPENDIX Cs MOUNTING OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 2 eb E e 4x6 C2 F2 DIMENSIONS 4 6 Rel 5 10 age 1 grifo rrAUAN TECHNOLOGY 3 mm max 98 mm 98 mm max 2 5 mm mounting hole 14 mm max C2 4x6 C4 F4 DIMENSIONS Page 2 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn 3 75 mm Max 3 75 mm max 98 mm 138 5 mm 2 5 mm mounting hole 40 mm 10 mm max FIGURE 4x6 C4B DIMENSIONS QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Page grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY 3 75 mm Max 3 75 mm max 98 mm 3 5 mm mounting hole C4 4 6 24 F24 DIMENSIONS Page c4 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn APPENDIX D ALPHABETICAL INDEX A ABSOLUTE CURSOR PLACEMENT command 29 ALPHANUMERIC 4 6 AMP 8 AUTOREPEAT 7 22 B BACKSPACE COMMAND 30 BAUD RATE 21 BELL 6 BLINKING BLOCK CURSOR ON command 31 BUFFER 6 22 BUZZER 3 6 CABLELENGTH 7 CARRIAGE RETURN command 29 CARRIAGE RETURN LINE FEED command 29
5. Should be choosing words such as fear became a bit obsessed with the word selection and finally presented the new table to him Well failed The word that was in fact in his mind as finally found out later from my mother was the word sex He was sitting there for weeks in a room with thirty people and what he wanted was to take a good look at the nurse It would have never occurred to me in such a situation had my own agenda about what wanted him to say and missed the point entirely It s interesting how wrong we can be in our assump tions Now I m interested in the room to be undermined room to acknowledge that any kind of proposal should always has space for contravening Q At this stage you were already designing the software No this happened six years ago The work with software to combine words only started about a year ago But it is connected think To some de gree believe that there is a certain arbitrary quality to words And do agree with the observation that words and meanings are not necessarily connected they do sort of float What makes it real is the body What makes it real is life and death Pat Binder amp Gerhard Haupt Universes in Universe Large scale output using a media fa ade Postdamerplatz mediafacade with realities united 2005 2006 Photos by RLH 33 Questions per Minute 11 Berlin APPENDIX I schematics of USB RS485 board 33 Questions per Minute
6. 34 KEYCLICK OFF WITHOUT 34 KEYCLICK ON WITH MEMORIZATION 35 KEYCLICK OFF WITH 22 35 COMMANDS FOR USER CHARACTERS 36 DEFINITION OF USER 4202 00255 554 eua oio eS eaa 37 DEFINITION AND MEMORIZATION OF USER CHARACTER 37 COMMANDS FOR MESSAGE MANAGEMENT 38 READING OF THE LAST STORAGED MESSAGE NUMBER 38 MESSAGE STORAGE 38 555 5 5 99 MESSAGE VISUALIZATION 5555 29 SCROLLING MESSAGE VISUALIZATION 40 EXTERNAL CARDS 41 APPENDIX A COMMAND CODES SUMMARY 8 4 70 4 A 1 APPENDIX B DISPLAY CHARACTERS 552 ettet ra erit Eee B 1 APPENDIX C MOUNTING OUTLINE DIMENSIONS C 1 APPENDIX D ALPHABETICAL INDEX riter ptt iai 9 D 1
7. To enter set up mode the user must power on the QTP 4x6 and simultaneously he must press the keys number 0 and number 20 for at least half of a second When the set up mode is entered on the display appears the Local Setup string and with keys number 7 and number 13 the configuration parameters shall be changed as below described Number 7 It changes the current menu recognized by the following messages COMMUNICATION to change the communication type BAUD RATE to change the communication baud rate STOP BIT to change the stop bit number KEYCLICK to change the keyclick mode NAME Hex first figura of hexadecimal identification name NAME Hex second figura of hexadecimal identification name EEPROM DATA initializes data in EEPROM SAVE and EXIT to exit from set up mode Number 13 It changes the current value of the selected menu with the following possibilities COMMUNICATION Norm or M S for normal ormaster slave protocol def Norm BAUD 38400 19200 9600 4800 2400 1200 baud 4 19200 STOP 1 or 2 with normal protocol def 1 1 with master slave protocol KEYCLICK ON or OFF def ON NAME Hex Changes the figure enclosed in gt lt from 0 to 80 EEPROM DATA NOINIT or INIT def NOINIT SAVE and EXIT exits set up and configures QTP 4x6 with selected parameters When set up mode is exit the selected parameters are saved on EEPROM and they are mantained until another local set up is
8. 33 Questions per Minute Relational Architecture 5 by Rafael Lozano Hemmer Goriceptotes uu etes E bt eius 01 RE PED 02 NISTON 02 8 err edad 02 Sco cmm M 02 Selected reviews aei b vs ER Pu RE FER i 02 Installations NOtes 03 Setup instructions COMMECH ONS vef nude ER 04 16 55 05045882 ES 05 POWER en ta 05 Startup sequence 05 Shut down sequence 06 ane rasade E E A 06 Technical 06 06 POANIER ctae 07 Pieservation notes criscini ea ae nia 07 Wiring diagrami 08 Interview for Universes in Universe 2 0 2 09 APPENDIX Schematics of USB RS485 board USB 162 retis en ns beans et eee 13 USB 162 Connectors 14 APPENDIX II Information on Grifo LCD panels 63 pages 15 33 Questions per Minute CONCEPT NOTES A computer program uses grammatical rules to combine words from the dictionary and automatically generates 55 billion different questions at a speed of 33 per minute T
9. 5 TE E E RT 30 CLEAR END OP LINE icit Exe 30 CLEAR END OE PAGE inicie Ner rr Resta eios e 30 COMMANDS FOR CURSOR ATTRIBUTES MANAGEMENT eere enne 31 CURSOR OFE em M 31 55 31 BLINKING BLOCK 22555 8 31 COMMANDS FOR EEPROM 555i 89 32 REQUEST FOR EEPROM WRITING POSSIBILITY erect eene entente 32 WRITING OF PRESENCE BY DLE 555055 32 555095555 5 32 COMMANDS FOR GENERAL FUNCTIONS 33 READING OF VERSION 56 33 a M M 33 OPERATING 4 En Y pP aS Eee En eua eatis Sato EHE RES bS 33 COMMANDS FOR KEYBOARD MANAGEMENT 34 4505 55 5 34 KEYCLICK ON WITHOUT MEMORIZATION
10. o Page II 4x6 Rel 5 10 ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY grifo FIGURE 1 4x6 PHOTO IN ALL AVAILABLE MODELS ee ee ee eee eo eee toon seta set ee sese seta aao 5 FIGURE 2 CURRENT CONSUMPTION TABLE 4e ecveserkk venv x t ek esktdvev 0r Verr CIF 7 FIGURE 3 CNS POWER SUPPLY PINS i520 cepiv EXER EUH IK vn ERWGKD UII S ToS 8 4 CN3 RS 232 SERIAL LINE PINS 5sixxevsenssekvxev ek esacebbeseh EPUM VPE CO VE FI EPVR FM AE EY 9 FIGURE 5 RS 232 SERIAL CONNECTION 9 FIGURE 6 RS 422 SERIAL LINE PINS 5 cesso eek ven pasear ek anao Eee ta PIE EPFL osi e YPF a SUP KE H e PE DEC ep 10 FIGURE 7 RS 422 SERIAL CONNECTION EXAMPLE sees vusr e eran FO eR PUR 11 FIGURE 8 COMPONENTS OF COMPONENTS SIDE ee ecce ee eee eo eee nose eese tn sete e tasse teen sese eas 11 FiGURE 9 RS 485 SERIAL LINE PINS 5iiesvoka venswue c euo ebd on aV PE Fa ea UR ne PU 12 FiGunE 10 RS 485 POINT TO POINT SERIAL CONNECTION EXAMPLE eeeee eese eese ee en sese teens esee 12 FIGURE 1
11. 12 5002720 Arenuey Kepung 110 Aequunw ule 91 951 V8ZLILZAD 29 ala 21218 o Wsvzasn d1d O A deals punog inno 1asay 19594 pup Qi peog 9n 5002720 Arenuey Kepung z abeg 530 298402 29 45 29 4 ISOW S8d OSIW 9ad a 92152 5 98d It S08 W1 in 9r 9ZLSZNS S8d SOW APPENDIX information on Grifo LCD panels 33 Questions per Minute USER MANUAL Via dell Artigiano 8 6 H B 40016 San Giorgio di Piano g rifo Bologna ITALY ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY E mail grifo grifo it http www grifo it http www grifo com Tel 39 051 892 052 r a FAX 39 051 893 661 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Edition 27 March 2003 2 grifo are trade marks grifo USER MANUAL Front size equal to the size of the display being used remarkably low price the User panel is available mounting on of these Displays QTP 4x6 C2 LCD display back lighted or not with 2 lines of 20 chars QTP 4x6 C4 LCD display back lighted or not with 4 lines of 20 chars 4x6 C4B LCD display back lighted or not with 4 lines of 20 chars bigger QTP 4x6 C24 LCD display bac
12. 38400 Baud 550 usec 287 usec 19200 Baud 990 usec 573 usec 9600 Baud 1540 usec 1146 usec 4800 Baud 3080 usec 2292 usec 2400 Baud 6105 usec 4584 usec 1200 Baud 12100 usec 9167 usec Master unit must wati for character transission time Time out Page 24 OTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn before reaching the first character of the answering string returned by the QTP 4x6 The answer consists in a byte containing the code of the pressed key FF Hex no key is pressed or a data string related to a reading command sent in the previous request Please remark that answer 15 provided also in case the only identification name 15 requested simplify the check for keys pressed or invalid commands To explain better the master slave protocol here follows an example where master unit sends three commands to QTP 4x6 reading of version number a string to show and a check for eventual keys pressed with baud rate 38 4 KBaud and identification name 80H Sends Reading of version number command that is the characters sequence 80H with nineth bit set to 1 Receives character of the command and 1 BH with nineth bit set to 0 verifies the Time Out of 550 p sec 56H with nineth bit set to 0 delay between characters lower than 550 usec Recognizes command sequence executes the Waits for 837 usec command and stores answer for next command 5 Sends the answer which is the code of the Receives one character of answer
13. These signals follow the CCITT normative defined for each one of the available electric protocols _ _ _ _ _ _ GND RX R542 _ _____ _ _ _ RX RS422 RS422 TX RS422 1 3 o 3 7 9 11 13 15 FIGURE 6 CN3 RS 422 SERIAL LINE PINS Signals description RX RS422 1 Receive Data Negative RX RS422 I Receive Data Positive TX RS422 Transmit Data Negative RS422 Transmit Data Positive GND Ground signal The Serial GND is physically connected to GND signal always on CN3 connector the user will have to connect all the GND signals to pin 2 of CN3 The following figure shows an RS 422 connection example diagram with a generic master unit o 4x6 Rel 5 10 Page 10 gn RX RS422 RS422 TX RS422 RS422 CN3 QTP 4x6 External System FIGURE 7 RS 422 SERIAL CONNECTION EXAMPLE FIGURE 8 COMPONENTS OF COMPONENTS SIDE QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 ag ge 11 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY RS 485 SERIAL LINE CONNECTION The below figure shows the CN3 signals used to connect a serial line RS 485 to QTP 4x6 These signals follow the CCITT normative defined for each one of the available electric protocols RXTX RS485 On OZ OX Ow 0 OF On FIGuRE 9 CN3 RS 485 SERIAL LINE PINS Signals descript
14. 5 evental key pressed with nineth bit set to 0 Sends a string to show on the display that is the character sequence 80H with nineth bit set to 1 19 character of string with nineth bit set to 0 2 character of string with nineth bit set to 0 Receives character of the command and verifies the Time Out of 550 p sec delay between characters lower than 550 usec Recognizes command sequence and shows on Waits for 837 usec the display the characters of the string Trasmette risposta salvata che coincide con il numero di versione richiesto nel comando precedente con nono bit a 0 Receives three characters of answer with the version number previously requested Sends key pressed check command that is the character sequence 80H with nineth bit set to 1 1 Recognizes sequence without commands so Waits for 837 usec 5 T performs no operation Receives one character of answer Sends the answer which is the code of the corresponding to code of eventual key pressed key pressed with nineth bit set to 0 FIGURE 21 EXAMPLE OF MASTER SLAVE COMMUNICATION Receives character of the command and verifies the Time Out of 550 u sec QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 e Page 25 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY Several demo programs written in different languages are provided with QTP 4x6 They implement master slave communication and can be used directly by the user or mo
15. APPENDIX As COMMAND CODES SUMMARY TABLES The tables of this appendix list a summary of all the command sequences recognized by QTP 4x6 a Carriage return Carraige return line feed Absolute cursor position 27 80 IB 59 8 gt Steady cursor on _ cursor on Beo Blinkling block cursor on 27 81 51 5 Reading of version number 27 86 1B 56 ESC V Operating mode selection 27 65 mode 1 41 mode ESC A ASCII mode FiGURE A1 COMMAND CODES SUMMARY TABLE 1 2 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 age 1 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY R f EEPROM writing Writing of presence 20319 Reading of preseose 1 1 21 ESC n byte Key code 27 35 1B 37 ESC 7 reconfiguration key n code key n code ASCII key n ASCII code Keyclick 27 53 35 ESC 5 memorization IB 36 ESC 6 memorization on IB 21 35 ESC 5 memorization oH 21 36 ESC 6 memorization Definition of user 27 66 nchar 1B 42 nchar ESC B ASCII nchar character PatO Pat7 0 17 ASCII PatO ASCII Pat7 Definition and IB 21 42 ESC ASCII nchar memorization of user Pat7 PatO Pat7 ASCII PatO ASCII Pat7 mes
16. CCITT 9 10 12 14 CHARACTERS 6 26 36 CLEAR END OF LINE command 30 CLEAR END OF PAGE command 30 CLEAR LINE command 30 CLEAR PAGE command 30 CNNECTORS 17 COMMUNICATION 21 24 CONTRAST 20 CPU 6 CURRENT LOOP 6 14 16 20 CURSOR DOWN command 28 CURSOR LEFT command 28 CURSOR OFF command 31 CURSOR RIGHT command 28 CURSOR UP command 28 D DATA STORED IN EEPROM 27 DEFINITION AND MEMORIZATION OF USER CHARACTER command 37 DEFINITION OF USER CHARACTER command 37 DISPLAY 4 6 7 20 26 4 6 Rel 5 10 age D 1 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY E EEPROM 4 6 21 22 27 34 37 EXTERNAL CARDS 41 F FLUORESCENT 4 6 H HOME command 28 J JUMPERS 17 20 K KEY CODES 7 18 23 34 KEY RECONFIGURATION command 34 KEYBOARD 6 18 22 34 KEYCLICK 6 21 22 34 KEYCLICK OFF WITH MEMORIZATION command 35 KEYCLICK OFF WITHOUT MEMORIZATION command 34 KEYCLICK ON WITH MEMORIZATION command 35 KEYCLICK ON WITHOUT MEMORIZATION command 34 KEYTBOARD 3 L LCD 4 6 20 LOCAL SETUP 21 M MASTER SLAVE 24 MATRIX 3 6 18 MESSAGE READING command 39 MESSAGE STORAGE command 38 MESSAGE VISUALIZATION command 39 MESSAGES 4 6 38 MOUNTING 7 N NAME 21 24 NORMAL 24 OPERATING MODE SELECTION command 33 Page D 2 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn P POWER 7 8 PROTOC
17. EIER 1000 819 9 22 Ef Fabel 1010 aon EE Tee m 1100 C pe EL 11 e 101 0 eea 1110 BASE Pea AD 111 B1 4x6 F2 F4 F24 CHARACTERS TABLE QTP 4x6 5 10 Pare 1 22552 1 1 110110 1121314 Sasser CEES 0010 2 9 Fle oo sy EE EEG eese 0100 4 ES EE pm 0101 s Y 22 bue ouo 6 Eje FE 2 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY User 1011 BH pvp m S ERE chr B2 4x6 C4B C24 CHARACTERS TABLE Page 2 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn Higher 4 bit to D7 of Character Code Hexadecimal o o A 32552 e Bo tus xx C ag 6 3 amp g o C 5 I 5 e e 2 e n D User E chr 6 User F chr Yd 4x6 C2 C4 CHARACTERS TABLE 4 6 Rel 5 10 page B 3
18. QTP 4x6 GND OS OE 05 O OF OW 1 3 o 5 7 9 11 13 15 FiGUnE 3 CN3 POWER SUPPLY PINS Signals description 5 Vdc 5 Vdc power supply signal for on board logic GND Power supply ground signal Page Le 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn RS 232 SERIAL LINE CONNECTION The below figure shows the CN3 signals used to connect a serial line RS 232 to QTP 4x6 These signals follow the CCITT normative defined for each one of the available electric protocols GND RX RS232 1 3 5 7 9 o 11 TX RS232 OS OE 05 O Of Ow 05 FIGurRE 4 CN3 RS 232 SERIAL LINE PINS Signals description RX RS232 I RS 223 serial receive data TX RS232 RS 223 serial transmit data GND Serial communication ground signal The Serial GND is physically connected to GND signal always on CN3 connector the user will have to connect all the GND signals to pin 2 of CN3 The following figure shows an RS 232 connection example diagram with a generic master unit 3 RX RS232 6 TX RS232 gt E e en 2 External System Ficure 5 RS 232 SERIAL CONNECTION EXAMPLE QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 irre 9 grifo _ ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY RS 422 SERIAL LINE CONNECTION The below figure shows the CN3 signals used to connect a serial line RS 422 to QTP 4x6
19. and the resistances for current limitation R The values of these components change in compliance with the number of connected devices and voltage drop on the connection cable The choice of the values for these components must be done cosidering that circulation of a 20 mA current must be guaranteed potential drop on each transmitter is about 2 35 V with a 20 mA current potential drop on each receiver is about 2 52 V cwith a 20 mA current in case of shortciruit each transmitter can dissipate at most 125 mW in case of shortciruit each receiver can dissipate at most 90 mW For further info please refer to HEWLETT PACKARD data book HCPL 4100 and 4200 optocoupler devices 16 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn 000 FIGURE 16 JUMPERS CNNECTORS TRIMMER ETC LOCATION QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Page 17 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY EXTERNAL MATRIX KEYBOARD CONNECTION In the following figure the pins of CNG that carry external keyboard signals to QTP 4x6 are shown and described Signals are TTL and can be connected to any kind of normally open contact realizing the matrix described in figure 18 connection cable and contact matrix must be at most 30 cm long unless external favourable conditions allow its extension 1 2 3 4 5 6 Row 5 7 8 Row5 _ _ _ _ _ 2201 ______ Row 4
20. by a human partici pant because both are shown at the same rate and anonymously The intention is to develop a reverse Turing Test where the impossibility to discriminate between human and machine opens up the possibility of concealment and camouflage The majority of the automatic questions are absurd Will you bleed in an orderly fash ion Is the creator always being born Do snip the marriage bed without rhyme or rea son But this surreal wordplay sometimes turns up questions that do have meaning within the context in which they are exhibit ed Who bribes the artist Why did comput Views of preferred installation configuration Dundee Contemporary ers become so self congratulatory Art Scotland 2003 Photos by DCA 33 Questions per Minute Production 2000 in Spanish for the Havana Biennial 2001 in English for the Istanbul Biennial 2005 in German for the Postdamerplatz mediafacade by realities united Exhibition History Armory Show NY 2006 Postdamerplatz mediafagade with realities united Berlin 2005 2006 ZKM The Algorithmic Revolution Karlsruhe 2004 2007 Centro Cultural de Espana Mexico City 2005 Centro Atl ntico de Arte Moderno Las Palmas 2005 MUSAC Le n 2005 Art Basel Switzerland 2004 ARCO Art Fair Madrid 2004 Art Basel Miami USA 2003 Laboratorio Arte Alameda Mexico City 2003 Bitforms Gallery NY 2003 Dundee Contemporary Art Ill Communication Scotland 2003 Itau Cul
21. cally correct When you look at some of these questions they are completely absurd like Cu ndo sangraras de forma ordenada When will you bleed an orderly fash ion And then there are some that could be construed as having some relevance like Porqu nos siguen sobornando los artis tas Why do artists continue bribing 52 The installation shows 33 questions per minute which is the threshold of read ability so the experience is irritating to the extent that there is no time for reflection like in our current media culture This irritation is magnified by the fact that the screens beep each time a question appears Cuban artist Glenda Leon remarked that the installa tion sounds like the countdown for a bomb RI which is an interpretation that like very Bienal de la Habana Havana Cuba 2000 Photos much mer by Lozano Hem 33 Questions per Minute 09 How is the people s interaction supposed to There is a keyboard that people can use to add their own comments or questions and interrupt the flow of automatic questions Q But for instance my question would be one of those that would make sense in this automatic flow or would it be taken apart No It will appear exactly as you typed it but within the flow of the other questions So if you wrote something that makes sense then it would make sense to other people But also most of the questions that the machine asks m
22. choose the right display so the right QTP 4x6 model that is sufficient for the information to visualize and for his visibility requirements For specific requirements on current consumption visibility and price the card can be provided with LCD display not backlighted for detailed information about these options and their availability please contact directly grifo offices EEPROM QTP 4x6 has on board EEPROM the size vary from 256 Bytes to 2 KBytes for storing set up communication protocol keys codes messagges and so on Many of the stored data have vital importance so a serial EEPROM has been choosen to obtain the best warranties on validity and maintenance of the saved information even when power supply is not available It is possible to memorize up to 97 messages of 20 characters that can be first saved on EEPROM and then read or shown on the display at any moments just giving a proper command to the terminal with the right message identification number QTP 4x6 also manages scrolling messages to show on an unique line more text than it could be visible without scrolling For detailed information about messages please read COMMANDS FOR MESSAGES MANAGEMENT paragraph The EEPROM size must be chosen considering the application to realize or the specific requirements of the user Normally the card is equipped with 512 Bytes of EEPROM and the other configuration must be specified from the user at the moment of the order by us
23. cursor is at the last display line it will be moved to the beginning of the first line i e Home position ABSOLUTE CURSOR PLACEMENT Code 27 89 Hex code 1 59 ESC Y ASCII r ASCII c The cursor is moved to the absolute position indicated by r and c These characters are the row and column values of the new desidered position referred to coordinate 0 0 of the Home position plus a constant offset of 32 20 Hex If for example the user wants to place the cursor on the second line third column row 1 column 2 the following byte sequence must be sent 27 89 3334 1B 59 21 22 Hex or ESCY If row and or column values are not compatible with the installed display the command is ignored 4x6 Rel 5 10 o Page 29 grifo _ ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY COMMANDS FOR CHARACTERS ERASURE Below are described all the commands that deletes one or more characters from the display BACKSPACE Code 8 Hex code 8 Mnemonic BS This command moves the cursor one character position to the left and it erase the contents of the reached cell If the cursor is in Home position it will be erased the last character of the last row of the display CLEAR PAGE Code 12 Hex code This command clears all data the display and it moves the cursor to Home position CLEAR LINE Code 25 Hex code 19 Mnemonic EM This command erases all cha
24. en sooo oo eee eee ae Pes e ee eee aeo asse eee esee etta aaa 36 FIGURE 24 NUMBER OF MESSAGES STORAGEABLE ON EEPROM ecce eee 38 FIGURE 25 AVAILABLE CONNECTIONS DIAGRAM vs es eeovaevexesacebt cedv iFFFe IN KE OE EPURAF UE PUNK Ee a 43 FIGURE 1 COMMAND CODES SUMMARY TABLE 1 OF 2 A 1 FIGURE A2 COMMAND CODES SUMMARY TABLE 2 OF 2 A 2 FicunE B1 4 6 2 F4 F24 CHARACTERS TABLE eeeeeee ee ee enne eee eren eese etn see e enne ee B 1 FIGURE B2 4x6 CAB C24 CHARACTERS TABLE 1 sese teen asset ense ette eaae ee B 2 FIGURE B3 4x6 C2 C4 CHARACTERS TABLE eeeeeeee ee ee eo sooo een aoo e e teen see teen ae e eene eese B 3 FicugE 4 6 2 B2 DIMENSIONS iuo epvuzt Ee toe Ur Fe Yu er PRA Fe Poker Ot AY Fine C 1 C2 OTP F4 DIMENSIONS C 2 F GURE C3 4x6 C4B DIMENSIONS een er XeeuvribateekuerkkebuXe E EPUM yX IY SEDED EP I C 3 FIGURE C4 4 6 24 F24 DIMENSIONS eee ee ee ee ee eene eee eee en nee seta ae esee seen aee seen C 4 6 Page gn INTRODUCTION The use of these devices has turned IN EXCLUSIVE WAY to specialized personnel The purpose
25. x 30 mm W x Hx D Display 20x4 big 146 x 63 x 28 mm W x H x D Display 40x2 182 x 34 x 34 mm W x H x D See outline dimension in APPENDIX C LCD 20x2 5 x 7 dots 3 20 x 4 85 mm W x H LCD 20x4 5 x 7 dots 2 95 x 4 75 mm W x H LCD 20x4 big 5x7 dots 5 00 x 8 50 mm W x H LCD 40x2 5 x 7 dots 3 20 x 5 55 mm W x H Fluorescent 20x2 5 x 7 dots 2 40 x 4 70 mm W x H Fluorescent 20x4 5 x 7 dots 2 40 x 4 70 mm W x H Fluorescent 40x2 5 x 7 dots 2 30 x 4 70 mm W x H 160 g max 6 arr 46 Rel 5 10 ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY Mounting Keys connection cable length Keys autorepeat Temperature range gritos 26 Through display mounting hole outline dimension in APPENDIX C 30 cm max After 500 ms and then every 100 ms From 0 to 50 C Relative humidity 20 up to 90 without condense Connectors 8 8 pins Mod II 90 Male The female connector for CN3 can be directly ordered to grifo with the code CKS AMP16 kit composed by a female Mod II 8 8 pins plus 16 contact to crimp or to AMP dealer by using P N 280366 and P N 182206 2 ELECTRIC FEATURES Power voltage 5 Vdc 596 RS 422 485 Termination Network pull up resistor on positive 3 3 pull down resistor on negative 3 3 line termination resistor 120 Hereunder is listed the QTP 4x6 power consumption referred to the different display types FiGURE 2 CURRENT CONSUMPTION TABLE Please remind
26. 0 age 13 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY CURRENT LOOP SERIAL LINE CONNECTION The below figure shows the CN3 signals used to connect a serial line current loop to QTP 4x6 These signals follow the CCITT normative defined for each one of the available electric protocols OF OW 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 FIGURE 12 CN3 CURRENT LOOP SERIAL LINE PINS Signals description RX C L I Receive Data Negative RX C L I Receive Data Positive TX C L O Transmit Data Negative TX C L O Transmit Data Positive The following figure shows a current loop connection example diagram with a generic master unit o Page 14 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn External System CN3 QTP 4x6 FIGURE 13 CURRENT LOOP 2 WIRES POINT TO POINT CONNECTION EXAMPLE 5 9 gt un 4x6 FIGURE 14 CURRENT LOOP 4 WIRES POINT TO POINT CONNECTION EXAMPLE QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Page 15 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY Slave 2 RX CN3 FiGURE 15 CURRENT LOOP NETWORK CONNECTION EXAMPLE There are two possible passive Current Loop connections 2 wires and 4 wires These connections are shown in figures 1315 where itis possible to see the voltage that supply power to the loop V CL
27. 1 RS 485 NETWORK CONNECTION EXAMPLE eeee ee eee eee eee eo sesto nose sete en sese tense e ee tasa 13 FIGURE 12 CN3 CURRENT LOOP SERIAL LINE PINS eeee ee ee eo eo oe eese eo ness en nose e ee an sese etna esee eaae eee 14 FIGURE 13 CURRENT LOOP 2 WIRES POINT TO POINT CONNECTION 15 FIGURE 14 CURRENT LOOP 4 WIRES POINT TO POINT CONNECTION EXAMPLE eeeeee eese sooo een 15 FIGURE 15 CURRENT LOOP NETWORK CONNECTION EXAMPLE eee eese cese eese ense sesto oeste sese 16 FIGURE 16 JUMPERS CNNECTORS TRIMMER ETC LOCATION eeeeee eese ee ee ense eese 17 FIGURE 17 CN3 PINS TO CONNECT AN EXTERNAL MATRIX KEYBOARD TO 4X6 18 FIGURE 18 EXTERNAL MATRIX KEYBOARD CONNECTION eeceeeee eese ee eese eo sass sees eee testen nose sete esee 19 FIGURE 19 USER JUMPERS DESCRIPTION TABLE eee ee ee ee ee eee eon ooo eese e totns ones eee sese eee e ee etta 20 FiGURE 20 DEFAULT KEY CODES enn 23 FIGURE 21 EXAMPLE OF MASTER SLAVE COMMUNICATION eeeeee eese ee sesenta s osos esee testen sese 25 FIGURE 23 USER CHARACTERS MODEL eee eee
28. 2 INSTALLATION NOTES 33 Questions per Minute consists of 21 LCDs Liquid Crystal Dis plays connected to a computer Optionally the computer can also be con nected to a large scale display such as a projector LED screen media facade etc Optionally the computer can also be connected to the Internet so that people s entries at the keyboard can be read online The LCDs should be hung on a wall in a random pattern with the cables visible to give a cloud like tableau like a text bubble The LCDs should ideally be readable by short and tall people so the placement should average out at regular eye level height Alternatively long cables could be used to put the LCDs in very disparate locations of the exhibition space like when we put a display on each support column of the Wilfredo Lam Art Center in Havana or at the Hagia Eirene in Istanbul This distribution should elicit the feeling that the displays are detonators that could blow up the building at any time If this option is preferred please note that it will be necessary to provide additional DC power for LCDs that are very far away from the PC power supply Ideally the piece is not to be illumi nated very brightly The LCDs have an inter nal glow and it is nice when this is visible The podium for the keyboard can be approximately 110 x 60 x 60 cm with space inside to fit and hide the laptop and electronics The LCD Power Supply can be placed on the floor an in
29. 6 Rel 5 10 gn KEYS CODES Here are the table wich shows the codes that QTP 4x6 sends on serial line when a key is pressed the code here is shown in deciml hexadecimal and ASCII mnemonic format like for command sequences FIGURE 20 DEFAULT KEY CODES Said codes are those transmitted under default condition 1 6 the configuration the user receives but they can be comfortably reconfigured by using a specific command This features really simplifies the management software development in fact the master unit can change the codes according with his requirements and it can also disable the keys QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 age 23 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATION MODALITIES QTP 4x6 features two different serial communication modalities Norm Normal communication uses 8 bits per character no parity stop bit and baud rate can be set by the user through local setup This communication mode is suitable for connections point to point in RS 232 RS 422 and current loop M S Master Slave communication uses 9 bits per character no parity one stop bit and baud rate can be set by the user This communication mode is suitable for connections point to point all electric protocols on network with protocols RS 485 RS 422 and current loop For further information about master slave mode please refer to next paragraph Local set up allows to select communication modalit
30. 80 84 15 uP 10 16 MHz Full CMOS 1 RS 232 line 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 or Current Loop line 16 TTL lines 8 A D 12 bits lines 2 4 Timers Counters 512K EPROM or FLASH 512K RAM and RTC backed 8K serial EEPROM Buzzer 1 Activity LED Watch dog 8 readable DIPs LCD Interface ABACO I O BUS GPC 184 General Purpose Controller Z80195 Microprocessor Z80195 at 22 MHz implementation completely CMOS 512K EPROM or FLASH 512K RAM Back Up with Lithium battery internal or external 1 serial line RS 232 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 or current loop 1 TTL 18 I O TTL 4 timer counter 8 bits 2 timer 16 bits Watch Dog Real Time Clock activity LED EEPROM interface for ABACO I O BUS GPC 154 4 Type General Purpose Controller 780 84C15 uP 10 MHz full CMOS 1 RS 232 line 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 line 16 TTL I O lines 512K EPROM or FLASH 512K RAM and RTC backed 8K serial EEPROM 2 4 timers counters Watch dog 2 readable DIPs LCD Interface ABACO I O BUS 5Vdc power supply Size 100x50 mm 324 D 4 General Purpose Controller 80C32 320 80C32 or 80C320 uP 14 22 MHz Full CMOS 1 RS 232 line 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 or Current Loop line 4 16 TTL I O lines 3 Timers Counters 64K EPROM 64K RAM 32K RAM backed 32K DIL 2 8K serial EEPROM Watch dog 1 readable DIP LCD Interface I O BUS 5Vdc Power supply Size 100x50 mm QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 age 41 grifo
31. Hex code 1B 21 36 Mnemonic ESC 6 This command disables KeyClick function so there is not audible feedback when a key is pressed This setting is stored on the on board EEPROM so if the card is turned off and on it keeps the current condition NOTE This command writes data on the on board EEPROM so before executing it is better to check the EEPROM writing possibility through the proper command in fact if it is not ready the command 15 ignored QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Page 35 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY COMMANDS FOR USER CHARACTERS 4x6lets the user define and show up to 8 user characters those characters can be used to represent on display special characters pseudo graphic characters special symbols etc that are not still available in the same display please refer to table in appendix B The user characters can be defined and saved with a pattern equal to 5 x 8 pixels matrix so organized FIGURE 23 USER CHARACTERS MODEL The user characters representation is really simple in fact it is sufficient to send the proper code 0 to 7 or 8 to 15 with a possible previous setting of representation mode through OPERATING MODE SELECTION command When the user character are saved their pixels patterns are written on EEPROM and then they are reloaded on display any time the terminal is powered on NOTE OnQTP 4x6 F2 and 4 6 24 the value of Pat 7 0 p
32. OL 6 R READING OF PRESENCE BYTE COMMAND 32 READING OF THE LAST STORAGED MESSAGE NUMBER command 38 READING OF VERSION NUMBER COMMAND 33 REQUEST FOR EEPROM WRITING POSSIBILITY command 32 RS232 6 9 20 RS 422 6 10 20 RS 485 6 12 20 20 S SCROLLING MESSAGE VISUALIZATION command 40 SETUP 21 SIZE 6 STEADY STATIC CURSOR ON command 31 STOP BIT 21 T TERMINATION 7 TRIMMER 17 20 V VERSION 1 VISUALIZATION 26 W WEIGHT 6 WRITING OF PRESENCE BYTE command 32 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 o Page D 3
33. Row 3 9 10 Row3 ___ _ _ _ _____ Row2 Row 1 11 12 Row 0 mmi imas au 0 _ _ Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 FiGURE 17 CN3 PINS TO CONNECT AN EXTERNAL MATRIX KEYBOARD TO QTP 4x6 Signals description Row n Output signal to connect the n th row of an external 4x6 keyboard Column n I Inputsignalto connect the n th column of an external 4x6 keyboard External keys must be connected to allow the pressure of each key to connect the input Row n to an Output line Column n Following figure shows how the connection must be made and the identification number of the 24 keys The numbers are used in the following paragraphs about keyboard and its management to identify each key Page 16 o 4 6 Rel 5 10 gn Column 0 Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 12 0 NU N 1 Row 1 2 N a 3 Na 4 N 4 5 NS CN3 QTP 4x6 16 Pin connector FIGURE 18 EXTERNAL MATRIX KEYBOARD CONNECTION QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Page 19 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY SERIAL LINE CONFIGURATION QTP 4x6 is provided with one serial line that can be buffered with four different electric protocols through an hardware configuration By default the card is delivered in RS 232 all other configuration cannot be perfor
34. SB connectors The con nector may be used to connect an external PS2 mouse if you wish or you may opt to use the built in TrackPoint mouse controller for mouse navigation The Trackpoint control is the red button located in the middle of the PC s built in keyboard 2 Connect the USB cable to the PC s USB port located on the back of the Run this cable to the smaller USB connector to the labelled USB port on the wood mounted green LCD controller board 33 Questions per Minute V V 3 Make sure the PC type power supply mounted on the wooden base along with the green controller board is not turned on the fan is not turning or plugged in Do not turn on the LCD Power Supply at this point SERIAL LINKS 1 The 2 long grey wire links for the LCDs are connected to the green controller board There is also a separate cable pair that is used to link a single LCD that is used for the input keyboard 2 There are three LED lights on the control ler board The first coloured red is the power LED which confirms the power to the micro controller on the controller board The second is the yellow LED which confirms the USB connection The third is a green data LED which flashes whenever the controller board receives data from the PC 3 The LCDs are stored in anti static bags The LCDs have a numerical ad dress and are labelled 40 to 10 4 Note that there are 2 sets of 1 10 LCDs as
35. a or at Tel 780 450 8261 The schematics are enclosed as APPENDIX 33 Questions per Minute 07 computer is ThinkPad running Windows 2000 software can run on Windows 2000 or XP and is programmed in Delphi Source code is provided so that the project can be recreated for future platforms if need be The Software can be improved in the future by giving more robust history routines to avoid repetition currently we are limited by available computer power and searches for billions of entries would be too slow but surely in the future this will be easier The keyboard is a Happy Hacking keyboard from PFU Fujitsu Informa tion at http www pfu fujitsu com hhkeyboard Any compact black keyboard can be used for data entry provided that it does not have function keys and other distracting baloney The piece ships with all necessary connections made as in the following wiring diagram Gnd Gnd LCD line 10 LCDs 5v DC Supply Ond massi d Ond massi 485 FEN 485 To single Er LCD line RS 485 Left RJ 45 uds Jack on USB Board 12v DC 12v DC RS 485 10 LCDs Right RJ 45 oo RS 485 Ond Rs 485 Board 33 Questions per Minute 08 INTERVIEW FOR UNIVERSES IN UNIVERSE Why did you decide to bring this piece to the Havana Biennial and how does it work call relational architecture the kind of interactive instal
36. ake some kind of sense So one interesting effect which was looking for with the speed of the questions is the possibility for camouflage If people write something that is disturbing or taboo or anything that can be considered prob lematic this can be concealed within all of the automatic questions The concealment happens because it is impossible to ascertain which questions have been generated by people and which have been generated by computer Like a reverse Turing test Galerie Guy Bartschi Geneva 2005 Photos by RLH I m interested in that kind of de authoring of the words as a phenom enon Originally wanted people to participate and for their input to be pre sented not only on the LCD screens but also on the Internet in real time Unfortunately the Internet connection was not possible it in Cuba So the system is recording everything people are writing and when the installation returns to me I m going to upload all of the text onto the Internet Of course people who participate know that their comments will be taken to the Internet and am curious to see how that affects what they say ina country with no local public Internet ac 55 saw a bit of it and it is very interest ing and very eccentric stuff And think that l Il continue this kind Laboratorio Arte Alameda Mexico City 2003 Photos by RLH of work the work about automatic texts because like said it asks fundamental questions a
37. ands EEPROM management commands etc are continuosly received the buffer will become full and it overflows When overflow occours last location of the buffer is overwritten by each next received characters and these are defenitively lost The master unit must stop the transmission until the QTP 4x6 has emptied the receive buffer and it is still ready to receive other data In practice the user must insert suitable delays between the commands transmission to leave sufficient time to QTP for executing the required operations and to avoid the complete filling of the receive buffer KEYBOARD ACQUISITION When QTP 4x6 recognizes an external key pressure if normal communcation is used it translates itand then transmits the determinated code on serial line by using the rules described in the following paragraph If master slave communication is used the key code is sent only upon reception of specific request of master unit as described in the previous paragraph Moreover an auto repeat function of the stroked key is implemented so when QTP 4x6 recognizes the pressure on a key for a time grater than 0 5 sec it will start the serial transmission of its code about each 0 1 sec and it lasts until that specific key is released If the keyclick function is enabled when the code of the pressed key is transmitted the on board buzzer also generates a loud beep that sonorously signalize the event to the user o Page 22 4
38. ated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means either electronic mechanical magnetic optical chemical manual or otherwise without the prior written consent of grifo IMPORTANT SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION Trade Marks Caraco GPC grifo are trade marks of grifo Other Product and Company names listed are trade marks of their respective companies ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY Qgrifo GENERAL INDEX INTRODUCTION esp 1 FIRMWARE VERSION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION scsscscsdasconsssseneeniatsevasasencensacsuncnsices canvdceiareunctesasssacivconsscsanausiadvenesaienss 2 SERIAL COMMUNICATION aedes ae Iu 3 Ui c c S 3 KEYBOARD M S 3 DISPLAY p 4 EEPROM 4 5655555 6 GENERAL EEATUREG 5055 5554 5 6 PHYSICAL FEATURES 50 dp 6 ELECTRIC FEATURES e
39. bout what our expecta tion is from technology Some of the people l ve met here in Cuba have a real concern and of course it s very well founded that they re not getting enough information which obviously hopefully will be remedied However in western countries feel that there s almost too much information feel like there is a level at which there is a saturation and a density that renders us useless Q Is there a personal history behind the piece Yes although by no means do want to make it sound as though the piece is the natural result of that personal anecdote but it definitely did affect me 33 Questions per Minute 10 My father a chain smoker got lung cancer suddenly was told he had only two weeks more to live When arrived in Mexico he already was on a life support system in the intensive care unit didn t really know my dad my par ents divorced when was very little and there was so much wanted to ask him Unfortunately he couldn t speak because of the respirator tube coming out of his mouth and he was too tired to write So made a small table with an alphabet where he could point at the letters and make words and talk to me that way But that became pretty tedious and had to make a new version of the table but this time with words subjects nouns Then it dawned on me who should choose these words Who should be the author of the textual puppetry Should be choosing words such as death
40. d by the characters that make the mess no message and the following ones making the following messages stored on the EEPROM The message number must be included in the range of 0 max no where max no is the number of the last storable message previously described in figure 24 If this number is not compatible with the QTP 4x6 installed EEPROM size this command is ignored The value chars may have these meanings 0 Stops the current scrolling value of mess no is irrilevant 20 200 20 characters per row display is installed 40 200 40 characters per row display is installed If chars has a value out of these ranges or it extends the sliding messages beyond the limit of the EEPROM storage space the command is ignored The message will slide in the first row of the display without changing position and attributes of the cursor If for example the User wants to show a scrolling message 23 characters long made by message 5 20 characters and the first 3 characters of message 6 it will be necessary to send the following sequence 27 33 83 10 35 or 1B 21 53 0 23 Hex or ESC S LF NOTE Scrolling a message involves a continuous display updating this operation slows the interpretation of commands coming from the serial port So if a great amount of informations must be sent to QTP 4x6 and a message is scrolling on the display itis suggestable to wait for some msec between the transmission of a 20 30 bytes data block and
41. dard plug connector IBC 01 Interface Block Comunication Conversion card for serial communication 2 RS 232 lines 1 RS 422 or RS 485 line 1 optical fibre line selecatble DTE DCE interface quick connection for DIN 46277 1 and 3 rails GPC 188F General Purpose Controller 80C188 80C188 uP 20MHz 1 RS 232 line 1 RS 232 RS 422 485 or Current Loop line 24 TTL I O lines or 512K FLASH IMSRAM Lithium battery backed 8K serial EEPROM RTC watch dog 8 dip switch 3 timer counter 8 13 bit A D lines Power failure activity LEDs GPC 15 General Purpose Controller 84C15 Full CMOS 10 20 MHz 84C15 CPU 512K EPROM or FLASH EPROM 128K RAM 2K or 8K backed RAM RTC 8K serial EEPROM 1 RS 232 serial line 1 RS 232 RS 422 RS 485 or current loop line 40 TTL I O lines 2 counters timers 2 watch dogs 2 dip switches buzzer GPC R T94 General Purpose Relays transistors 9 inputs 4 outputs CMOS card 14 MHz 89C4051 CPU FLASH 128 byte RAM 256 byte SRAM RTC backed through battery serial 1 RS 232 RS 422 RS 485 or current loop line 9 optocoupled NPN inputs 4 relays outputs 5 or transistor 4A 45 Vdc optocoupled lines displayed by LEDs 1 counter 5 Vdc power supply 8 24 Vac wide range plastic container for Q rails Page Le 4x6 Rel 5 10 ns FFICL 410 940 19 u0 77 S Ca
42. dified according to the specific needs When the master unit is a PC the user can also take advantage of comfortable DLL libraries that allow to manage high level master slave communication this means without having to worry about management of nineth bit timings eventual electric protocol converters etc Also these libraries are provided with the first purchase complete of user manual on a CD NOTES 1 Toensureright command execution between a call and the next one it is necessary to wait for atime that is related to the number of commands sent and type of operations these latter ones involve 2 IftheMasterunitcannotcommunicate using 9 bits itis possible to simulate this communication mode by using the parity bit and programming its value opportunally before any characters tranmission according to this scheme If the character to transmit has EVEN number of 1 bits If 9 bit must be 1 gt Set parity to ODD If 9 bit must be 0 gt Set parity to EVEN If the character to transmit has ODD number of 1 bits If 9 bit must be 1 gt Set parity to EVEN If 9 bit must be 0 gt Set parity to ODD 3 Ifthe scrolling messages mode is enabled the time between two calls in addition to the time indicated at point 1 must be QTP 4x6 with display 20x2 or 20x4 About 12000 usec QTP 4x6 with display 40x2 About 24000 usec CHARACTERS VISUALIZATION ON THE DISPLAY QTP 4x6 shows on its display all the received characters
43. ex gt Command mode 255 FF Hex gt Representation mode If mode value is not one of the above described the command is ignored Further information about operating mode are available inside CHARACTER VISUALIZATION ON THE DISPLAY paragraph OTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 o Page 33 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY COMMANDS FOR KEYBOARD MANAGEMENT Below are described the commands that can be used to manage the external keys connected to QTP 4x6 Detailed information about keys management and codes transmitted by the terminal are available in KEYBOARD ACQUISITION paragraph KEY RECONFIGURATION Code 27 55 keyn code Hex code 1B 37 key n code Mnemonic ESC 7 ASCII key ASCII code When the selected key n is reconfigured each time it is pressed the card will send the new specified code on serial line The value of key n to be reconfigured must be included in the range 0723 0 17 Hex otherwise the command is ignored and it will substitute the codes described in figure 18 The code value can vary in the range 07 254 00 FE Hex as the 255 value FF Hex indicates that the key is disabled and when it will be pressed the QTP will not send any codes Figure 20 reports the default key codes and the paragraph STORED IN EEPROM indicates how to restore these codes in case of unwanted changes NOTE This command writes data on the on board EEPROM so before e
44. executed and then terminal starts its normal functionality The default values before reported are those setted at the end of testing phase that is the configuration the user receives QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 age 21 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY Available options for menus BAUD RATE and STOP BIT define the pyhisical communication protocol with next two parameters unchangeable and set to 8 bits per character and no parity Option of remaining menus are described in the following parameters NOTE Please remind that set up mode can be entered only during power up when previously described condition are recognized in fact if key 0 and key 20 are pressed at the same time during normal operation the set up mode will not start and the code of the pressed keys will be transmitted on the serial line The local set up is normally executed only one time after the first installation so the required four external keys can be connected only during this phase and thereafter the QTP 4x6 can be used without keys as a simple display unit RECEIVE BUFFER QTP 4x6 is provided of a receive buffer that simplify the management in fact it reduces the waiting time of the connected master unit Each received characters is immediately saved inside this buffer 30 bytes long and after processed at the end of the currently executed operation Naturally when commands that requires a long execution time delete comm
45. having a code included in the range 0 255 00 Hex but the one that identifies a command sequence 27 The character is visualized on the current cursor position and this latter will go to the next position if itis placed on the last character of the display right down corner it will be placed on home position left up corner The corrispondence between codes and displayed characters is defined by the following rules 26 OTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn Codes Characters 0 15 00 0F Hex User defineable 16 32 10 1F Hex Special and different according with installed display 27 1B Hex Not shown 32 127 20 7F Hex Standard ASCII 128 255 80 FF Hex Special and different according with installed display To allow representation of special characters that have same codes of some one character commands a specific command has been provided that selects the operating mode of QTP 4x6 among the two available command the special characters are not displayed and the relative commands are executed representation the special characters are always displayed After a power on itis automatically selected the command mode to make immediately utilizable each functionality The commands composed by a sequence of two or more characters that always start with ESC 27 1BH are anyhow interpreted and executed independently from the selected operating mode Each models of QTP 4x6 has 8 user characters
46. he program has a large data bank containing the majority of words found in the dictionary Each question is unique it is never repeated The questions appear on 21 liquid crystal micro displays that are located at different strategic points of the museum or gallery Each screen emits a faint beep with each question as if it were a detonator By means of a keyboard members of the public can introduce any question or comment into the flow of automatic ques tions Their participation shows up on the screens immediately and is registered by the program If the PC has an Internet connection the texts can simultaneously be mirrored to a URL that can be accessed online Some observations on this installation This piece is loosely based on the long tradition of auto matic poetry It is full of anti content It attempts to under line our incapability to respond faced with an electronic landscape made up of demands for attention The piece provides useless and slightly frustrating machine irony Tire less grammatical algorithms perform a romantic and futile attempt to pose questions that have never been asked The effect of the installation is destabilising due to its speed The rhythm of questions excludes any rational answer 33 questions a minute is the threshold of legibility there is no time for reflection To a viewer it is impossible to determine if a question was generated by the computer or entered
47. her device that can show the questions in a large or alternative format Ideally this large scale presentation will not be in the same room as the mini LCD Screens because the point of the small Screens is that the public needs to approach for a more intimate experience which would be defeated if we also have the large type Both mini LCD and large projection formats can coexist in the same exhibition for ex ample by putting the projected questions on the exterior facade of the Museum and the LCDs in one of the exhibition rooms Large scale output using a projector Centro Atl ntico de Arte Mod erno Las Palmas Canary Islands Spain 2005 Photos by CAA The installation can generate questions in English Spanish and Ger man The curator can choose in the control panel exactly which languages should be displayed and how often SETUP INSTRUCTIONS Please open the box pull out all the different elements and cables and read this document in its entirety before proceeding Please connect and test the entire installation before mounting on the wall CONNECTIONS 1 Use the cable adapter provided to connect the keyboard to the PC Attach the adapter connecter marked M to the key board cable and leave the connector marked K unconnected no this is not a misprint Plug the connector of the Y cable into the PS2 port labelled 10 cated on the back of the PC in between the power and U
48. in both directions until the visibility is improved For recognizing the location of contrast regulation trimmer please refer to figure 16 Page 20 0 46 5 10 gn SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION As already said QTP 4x6 terminal is a complete video terminal and for this reason any characters received from serial line if it is not a command is shown on the display and codes of any pressed external keys are transmitted to the control master unit These operations are automatically performed by on board firmware that is programmed and executed by the QTP 4x6 CPU The on board firmware manages also a local set up which allows to set the physic communication protocol by using the keys and the display This manual contains in addition to the description of the different functions a complete list of the recognized comand sequences to be used to benefit of the main features of QTP 4x6 For each code or codes sequence there is a double description i e the mnemonic one through the ASCII characters and the numerical one under decimal and hexadecimal form The said commands respect the ADDS View Point standard so all the sequences begin with ESC character corresponding to the 27 decimal code 1B Hex LOCAL SET UP Thanks to a proper local set up mode some parameters of communication protocol and the key click mode can be set by the user with the simple use of 4 external keys
49. ing the following indications 2048 Bytes EEPROM gt MEX option o Page 4 4 6 Rel 5 10 ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY QTP 4x6 C2 QTP 4x6 C4 4x6 C4B 4 6 24 QTP 4x6 F2 4 6 4 02 7722221 501141 45 4x6 F24 FiGURE 1 QTP 4x6 PHOTO IN ALL AVAILABLE MODELS 4x6 Rel 5 10 Page 5 56 TECHNICAL FEATU GENERAL FEATURES On board resources Displays CPU Communication protocol Com logic protocol Receive buffer dimension PHYSICAL FEATURES Size Characters size Weight Page 6 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY 10 signals for external 4x6 matrix keyboard management Buzzer for bell and keyclick Full duplex RS 232 RS 422 RS 485 or current loop serial line EEPROM for set up messagges and so on 2K Bytes max Alphanumeric display in 7 different models Trimmer for contrast regulation of LCD display LCD 20x2 20x4 20x4 big or 40x2 with LEDs backlite Fluorescent 20x2 20x4 or 40x2 89C4051 with 14 7456 MHz Crystal Baud rate 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 Stop bit lor2 Parity none Bits x chr 8 9 Default 19200 Baud 1 Stop No parity 8 Bits Selectable between normal and master slave Default normal 30 characters Display 20x2 116 x 37x 30 mm W x H x D Display 20x4 98 x 61
50. ion RXTX RS485 0 Receive and Transmit Data Negative RXTX RS422 I O Receive and Transmit Data Positive GND Ground signal The Serial GND is physically connected to GND signal always on CN3 connector the user will have to connect all the GND signals to pin 2 of CN3 The following figure shows an RS 485 connection example diagram with a generic master unit RXTX RS485 RS485 TX RX e gt o e 2 Q External System F cure 10 RS 485 POINT TO POINT SERIAL CONNECTION EXAMPLE Page 12 OTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY grifo Master Slave 1 RXTX Slave 2 Slave n FIGurRE 11 RS 485 NETWORK CONNECTION EXAMPLE Please remark that in a RS 485 network two forcing resistors must be connected across the net and two termination resistors 120 2 must be placed at its extrems respectevely near the Master unit and the Slave unit at the greatest distance from the Master Forcing and terminating circuitry is installed on board of QTP 4x6 terminal It can be enabled or disabled through specific jumers as explained later Master termination resistor must be connected if not already present 1 e RS232 485 converters may already implement it For further information please refer to Data Book TEXAS INSTRUMENTS RS 422 and RS 455 Interface Cicuits the introduction to RS 422 485 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 1
51. is a blinking rectangular block that is alternatively visualized with the character displayed on the current cursor position Page 31 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 o grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY COMMANDS FOR EEPROM In the following paragraphs are described all the commands that manage the data saved on QTP 4x6 on board there are other commands that indirectly use this memory device but they are described in next paragraphs REQUEST FOR EEPROM WRITING POSSIBILITY Code 27 51 Hex code 33 Mnemonic 5 3 This command checks if the 4x6 is ready for writing data on its on board EEPROM This command must be executed any time there are data to be saved on this type of memory When QTP 4x6 receives this command it answers with the following codes 6 06 Hex gt 4 21 15 gt 4x6 not ready If the QTP 4x6 sends back the NACK code it is not yet possible to memorize a new data on EEPROM WRITING OF PRESENCE BYTE Code 27 33 78 byte Hex code 1B 21 byte Mnemonic ESC N ASCII byte This command sets the card presence byte with the value indicated in the byte parameter that must be included in 04255 range This byte has a reserved allocation on the on board EEPROM that once it is set with the desidered value itallows forexample to verify that 4x6 runs correctly or if there are some c
52. ith the serial connector placed at the top right corner of the circuit board TECHNICAL SUPPORT The purchase of the piece includes one installation by a technician During this visit the technician can train lo cal staff on all aspects of the piece If you have any technical problems you can reach engineer Conroy Badger of APR Inc in Edmonton Canada at conroy badger shaw ca or at Tel 780 450 8261 Alterna tively you can call Lozano Hemmer s studio in Montreal at 514 597 0917 We have included a backup of the software on CDROM in case the PC needs to be replaced Please keep this somewhere accessible PODIUM Please hide the computer power supply cables controller board and LCD Power Supply etc inside a po dium or behind a wall 33 Questions per Minute 06 only things visible on the podium should be 1 feedback LCD screen which allows participant to see what s he is typing 2 the keyboard 3 a descriptive text PODIUM TEXT If the piece is to be shown to the general public this is the text that could be printed and placed beside the podium Please ensure it is clearly leg ible for the users 33 Questions per Minute Relational Architecture 5 by Rafael Lozano Hemmer This computer program uses grammatical rules to com bine words from the dictionary and automatically generates 55 billion random questions at a speed of 33 per minute The software has been programmed
53. ixel defines the status of all the five pixels Pat 7 4 Pat 7 0 or in other words it defines the status of underline attribute of the defined character Page 36 4x6 5 10 gn DEFINITION OF USER CHARACTER Code 27 66 nchr Pat 0 Pat 7 Hex code 42 nchr Pat 0 Pat 7 Mnemonic ESC B ASCII nchr ASCII Pat 0 ASCII Pat 7 After the two command identification codes other 9 bytes must be sent to QTP 4x6 with the following meaning nchr 0 7 00 7 gt Number of user character to define Pat 0 0 31 00 1F Hex First byte of pattern equal to first high row of character 5 2 gt 2 H 2 4 Pat 7 0 31 00 1F Hex Seventh byte of pattern equal to last low row of character This command loads on the display the pattern of the user character nchr with the value placed in the eight byte byte Pat 0 Pat 7 as described in figure 23 the pattern is only defined but not saved so if QTP 4x6 is turned off and on the user character nchr doesn t mantain the supplied pattern For example if you wish to define the user character 5 as an empty rectangle with maximum dimension the following sequence has to be sent 27 66 5 31 17 17 17 17 17 17 31 1B 42051F 11 11 11 11 11 11 1F Hex DEFINITION AND MEMORIZATION OF USER CHARACTER Code 27 33 66 nchr Pat 0 Pat 7 Hex code 21 42 nchr Pat 0 Pat 7 Mnemonic ESC B ASCII nchr ASCII Pat 0 ASCII Pat 7 Af
54. k lighted or not with 2 lines of 40 chars QTP 4x6 F2 Fluorescent display with 2 lines of 20 characters QTP 4x6 F4 Fluorescent display with 4 lines of 20 characters QTP 4x6 F24 Fluorescent display with 2 lines of 40 characters Buzzer programmable as BELL or to sound with keystroke complete management of 24 keys trough external 4x6 matrix keyboard autorepeat and keyclick functions E up to 2 Kbyte for permanent storage of set up messages key codes etc memorization on E and visualization also sliding of up to 97 messages RS 232 or optional RS 422 RS 485 or Current Loop serial line communication configurable as Point to point or Master Slave local set up for communication parameters Baud Rate Stop bits Keyclick etc up to eight characters pattern is user defineable up to 255 different characters in display character memory that can be displayed possibilty to order some models with QTP 42144 and QTP 96192 containers unique 5 Vdc power supply Via dell Artigiano 8 6 B 40016 San Giorgio di Piano rifo Bologna ITALY ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY E mail grifo grifo it http www grifo it http www grifo com Tel 39 051 892 052 FAX 39 051 893 661 QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Edition 27 March 2003 2 grifo are trade marks grifo DOCUMENTATION COPYRIGHT BY grifo ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this document may be reproduced transmitted transcribed stored in a retrieval system or transl
55. last storaged message just described in figure 13 NOTE This command writes data on the on board EEPROM so before executing it is better to check the EEPROM writing possibility through the proper command in fact if it is not ready the command is ignored Page 38 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn MESSAGE READING Code 27 33 69 n mes Hex code 1B 21 45 n mes Mnemonic ESC E ASCII n mes This command reads the 20 characters message corresponding to n mes by the EEPROM and it sends this message on serial line beginning from the first charof the string Atthe end of the message the CR LF codes are sent too The message number must be included in the range of 0 max no where max no is the number of the last storaged message just previously described in figure 24 If this number is not compatible with the QTP 4x6 installed EEPROM size this command is ignored MESSAGE VISUALIZATION Code 27 33 68 n mes n Hex code 1B 21 44 n mes n Mnemonic ESC D ASCII n mes ASCII n This command visualizes n 20 characters messages on the display beginning from current cursor position The first of the n messages is that one having the number corresponding to n mes while the remaining messages are those ones immediately subsequents in EEPROM The message number must be included in the range 0 max no where max no is the value described in figure 24 If this number is no
56. lations in public space that have been doing for the past four or five years The work normally involves the transformation of emblematic buildings using new technologies typically projections sound 3D sensors robotics The curators of the Biennial had seen some of my work through video documentation and asked me to do something in the streets a kind of urban transformation project like the one did in Mexico City for the Millennium While would have been delighted to do that also knew that it was very expensive to accom plish that kind of very ambitious show So designed a very small intimate piece one that was portable so could bring it easily here wanted a technology that had a ubiquitous anti monumental character so brought 21 tiny liquid crystal displays LCD screens and placed them on the supporting columns of the Wilfredo Lam Center Poet Alejo Carpentier said that Havana was the city of columns and was interested in the idea of working with this architectural support The screens are connected to a laptop computer with a custom made grammatical soft ware program Basically it s an algorithm that uses random access of words from a dictionary to form new sentences It knows how to conjugate verbs and how to add adverbs adjectives articles and so forth Currently because of the number of words that have in the database it can generate 16 billion different questions that are unique and grammati
57. lays as this power comes on 33 Questions per Minute 05 V V V 3 Once the PC has booted it will automatically launch the 33 Questions Per Minute program and questions will begin to appear in all 21 screens 4 The 0 LCD will display the text typed on the keyboard When the text has been input press the RETURN key The 0 LCD screen will display a 10 second countdown after which the text appears on all of the screens before being stored in the database SHUT DOWN SEQUENCE 1 To turn the installation off press STOP on the trackpad For testing the work double click again to re start the program 2 Next power off the computer by choosing Shutdown from the Windows Start menu located at the bottom Left of the PC screen use the built in TrackPoint mouse controller for navigation 3 Finally power off the screens by turning off the LCD s power supply via the ON OFF switch located at the rear of the box NEVER plug or unplug LCD displays while the LCD Power Supply is turned on this can permanently damage the LCD displays LCDs The 20 LCD screens can be hung as the curator best sees fit but a photograph of standard setup is included To mount the screens you may use long thin nails or aluminium wire through the four eyelets on the corners of each LCD circuit board but please be careful to ensure that the metal does not short the LCD circuitry Correct orientation of the LCD screens is w
58. m 7 INSTALLATION D 8 CNS INTERFACE CONNECTOR iis enicskssscieivtea 8 POWER SUPPLY 5 552 ark INR 8 RS 232 SERIAL LINE CONNECTION sccsscssscresscsvetsossscicosietseissseedesssessscrsessssnusiseuscscsnoeses 9 RS 422 SERIAL LINE CONNECTION eee esee einen strato 10 RS 485 SERIAL LINE sea tasses ense ene 12 CURRENT LOOP SERIAL LINE CONNECTION 14 EXTERNAL MATRIX KEYBOARD CONNECTION 18 SERIAL LINE CONFIGURATION iiniscnceessekeachucc sasss nsy inva insu ce n asks Sen eau unen UR ITI 20 CONTRAST REGULATION TRIMMER e eeeeee eese 20 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION ssicssiscaccohasevsceossuavctenstedconssstucchancieicsnteesarsenccesavadscascosansencatseivensiaren 21 EOCALSETUP 21 RECEIVE 22 KEYBOARD ACQUISITION scissscssstesientaescnasaceeceasccuesensicencescsduaresactosaeesactedonsnevaneuseaevesonasue 22 KEYS CODES e 23 COMMUNICATION
59. med by the user who must specify them in the order using the specific codes RS422 optional RS 422 serial line RS 485 optional RS 485 serial line CLOOP optional current loop serial line QTP 4x6 is also provided with configuration jumpers two of these called J2 and J3 can be set by the user because they allow to connect the termination and forcing network in case of serial communication RS 422 and RS 485 Please remark that jumpers not described in this manual must not be changed by the user or the terminal functions may be faulty The following table describes all the right connections of these jumpers with their respective functions To recognize the valid connections please refer to the board printed diagram serigraph or to figure 8 of this manual where the pins numeration is listed for recognizing jumpers location please refer to figure 16 FIGURE 19 USER JUMPERS DESCRIPTION TABLE The denotes the default connection or on the other hand the connection set up at the end of testing phase that is the configuration the user receives CONTRAST REGULATION TRIMMER On QTP 4x6 board there is a trimmer that defines the contrast on LCD displays This trimmer named is set by grifo to obtain the best display visibility in each working conditions and normally the user must not change its position In case of specific requirements as external light very low or very high RV1 can be changed by little rotation
60. mportant function of messages is the possibility to show constant information on the display i e allarms equipment status etc without the transmission of the numerous characters of this information but only the few characters of the commands Furthermore a comfortable program for PC named QTP EDIT allows any user to edit the messages save and load them on PC disks and transmit receive them directly to from QTP serially connected to PC QTP 4x6 can accept one EEPROM with two different size 512 bytes in base version and 2048 bytes in MEX version This last is an option that must be specified in the order READING OF THE LAST STORAGED MESSAGE NUMBER Code 27 110 Hex code 1B 6E Mnemonic ESC n This comandreturns on the serial line the number of the last messages that can be saved on EEPROM It varys in compliace with the size of the EEPROM installed on the card as reported in the below table FiGURE 24 NUMBER OF MESSAGES STORAGEABLE ON EEPROM MESSAGE STORAGE Code 27 33 67 n mes chr 0 chr 19 Hex code 1B 21 43 n mes chr 0 chr 13 Hex Mnemonic ESC ASCII n mes ASCII chr 0 ASCII chr 19 This command stores the 20 characters message with number indicated as n mes on the on board EEPROM The 20 chars which form the message must be visualizable on the display so they must be included in the range 164255 10 FF Hex The message number must be included in the range of 0 max n where max n is the number of the
61. of this handbook is to give the necessary information to the cognizant and sure use of the products They are the result of a continual and systematic elaboration of data and technical tests saved and validated from the manufacturer related to the inside modes of certainty and quality of the information The reported data are destined IN EXCLUSIVE to specialized users that can interact with the devices in safety conditions forthe persons forthe machine and forthe enviroment impersonating an elementary diagnostic of breakdowns and of malfunction conditions by performing simple functional verify operations in the height respect of the actual safety and health norms Theinformations forthe installation the assemblage the dismantlement the handling the adjustment the reparation and the contingent accessories devices etc installation are destined and then executable always and in exclusive way from specialized warned and educated personnel or directly from the TECHNICAL AUTHORIZED ASSISTANCE in the height respect of the manufacturer recommendations and the actual safety and health norms The devices can t be used outside a box The User must always insert the cards in a container that rispect the actual safety normative The protection of this container is not threshold to the only atmospheric agents but specially to mechanic electric magnetic etc ones To be on good terms with the products is necessary guarantee legibili
62. ommunication problems on the serial line NOTE This command writes data on the on board EEPROM so before executing it is better to check the EEPROM writing possibility through the proper command in fact if it is not ready the command is ignored READING OF PRESENCE BYTE Code 27 33 110 Hex code 1B 21 6E Mnemonic ESC n The QTP 4x6 sends back on the serial line the value of its presence byte Forexample this command can be useful to verify the presence orthe correct running ofthe terminal Page 32 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn COMMANDS FOR GENERAL FUNCTIONS In the following paragraphs are described all the general purspose commands that manage some of the QTP 4x6 features READING OF VERSION NUMBER Code 27 86 Hex code 1 56 Mnemonic ESC V On the serial line is returned a string of 3 characters containing the program managing version that is resident and executed by QTP 4x6 For example with a 1 3 firmware version the following characters will be transmitted 49 46 51 Or 31 2E 33 Hex Or 1 3 BEEP Code 7 Hex code 7 Menomonic BEL buzzer is enabled for a time of 0 1 second OPERATING MODE SELECTION Code 27 65 mode Hex code 1B 41 mode Mnemonic ESC A ASCII mode It defines the operating mode for the special characters provided of code less than 32 20H and the single character commands The selected modality is defined by mode value with the following corrispondence 0 00 H
63. racters displayed on the current line and it moves the cursor to the first column of the said line CLEAR END OF LINE Code 27 75 Hex code 1B 4B Mnemonic ESCK This command erases all characters displayed from the current cursor position to the end of line inclusive The cursor mantains the previous position If for example the cursor is at the beginning of a display line the complete line will be erased CLEAR END OF PAGE Code 27 107 Hex code 1B 6B Mnemonic 5 This command erases all characters displayed from the current cursor position to the end of display inclusive The cursor mantains the previous position If for example the cursor is at Home position the complete display will be erased Page 30 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn COMMANDS FOR CURSOR ATTRIBUTES MANAGEMENT Below are listed the command that define the possible cursor attribute CURSOR OFF Code 27 80 Hex code 1B 50 Mnemonic ESC P cursor is not active and it is not more visible STEADY STATIC CURSOR ON Code 27 79 Hex code 1B Mnemonic ESC O The cursor is activated so itis visible Now itis a not blinking line placed under the current position character NOTE This command is not available if 4x6 F4 with fluorescent 20x4 display is used BLINKING BLOCK CURSOR ON Code 27 81 Hex code IB 51 Mnemonic ESC Q The cursor is enabled and it is visible The selected cursor type
64. res of QTP 4x6 including options are as follows Front size equal to the size of the display being used Remarkably low price The User panel is available mounting on of these Displays QTP 4x6 C2 LCD display back lighted or not with 2 lines of 20 chars QTP 4x6 C4 LCD display back lighted or not with 4 lines of 20 chars 4x6 C4B LCD display back lighted or not with 4 lines of 20 chars bigger format QTP 4x6 C24 LCD display back lighted or not with 2 lines of 40 chars QTP 4x6 F2 Fluorescent display with 2 lines of 20 characters QTP 4x6 F4 Fluorescent display with 4 lines of 20 characters 4x6 F24 Fluorescent display with 2 lines of 40 characters Buzzer programmable as BELL or to sound with keystroke Complete management of 24 keys trough external 4x6 matrix keyboard Autorepeat and keyclick functions E up to 2 Kbyte for permanent storage of set up messages key codes etc Memorization on E and visualization also sliding of up to 97 messages RS 232 or optional RS 422 RS 485 or Current Loop serial line Communication configurable as Point to point or Master Slave Local set up for communication parameters Baud Rate Stop bits Keyclick etc Up to eight characters pattern is user defineable Up to 255 different characters in display character memory that can be displayed Possibilty to order some models with QTP 42144 and QTP 96192 containers Unique 5 Vdc power supply Page
65. rough software by using a proper command Furthermore there is the possibility to switch on off the key click function i e the buzzer activation each time a key is pressed Four of these keys are used to enter in the local setup function please refer to paragraph LOCAL SET UP Thanks to the management of this simple keyboard the QTP 4x6 can cheaply solve the data exchange problems especially when those data are homogeneous and easy By using industrial keys and push buttons the problems can be solved even in strong environmental applications and functionality is guaranteed in each operating conditions QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 age 3 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY DISPLAY QTP 4x6 is available with Fluorescent or backlite LCD alphanumeric displays with different characters number and different characters size In detail the following displays can be mounted Fluorescent 20x2 Fluorescent 20x4 Fluorescent 40x2 LCD 20x2 LCD 20x4 LCD 20x4 big or LCD 40x2 characters The LEDs backlight of LCD models ensures a good visibility even when the environmental lighting changes and if it necessary the user can modify the contrast regulation by acting on a specific trimmer Another important features of QTP 4x6 displays is their wide viewing angle that allows a good visibility from each frontal position Further information on each display are reported in TECHICAL FEATURES chapter The user must
66. sage number 27 33 57 ESC Message storage n mess ASCII n mess chr 0 chr 19 cred ASCII chr 0 ASCII chr 19 27 Message reading Bud 21 45 n mess ESC E ASCII n mess n mess Visualization 27 33 68 1B 21 44 ESC D of n messaggi n mess n n mess n ASCII n mess ASCII n Scrolling message 27 33 83 1 21 53 Esc f 3 visualization n mess n char n mess n char ASCII n mess ASCII n char FiGURE A2 COMMAND CODES SUMMARY TABLE 2 OF 2 Page A 2 4x6 5 10 gn APPENDIX DISPLAY CHARACTERS The following tables shows the characters sets displayed on 4x6 for all the possible received characters according with ordered display and model Even the not ASCII characters or special characters change when the display type changes and if the user requires a character set different from those described in the following figures he can take a direct contact with grifo 0710 10 1 0 1 1 1 42 1 1 D6iO 0101011111111 0 10 0 JO 1 1 H 1 0510 101111 10 0 17 10 01 1 0 1 A lalalas elzlalala piel EDN 01112 314151617 819 ms User 0000 TE Exe eges EL EISE o Cil 0010 219 IEEE 0011 39 28 fe evra Tee 0100 EG T 5 6 eB SE 0111 715
67. t compatible with the QTP 4x6 installed EEPROM size this command is ignored Thenquantity of messages to be visualized depends only on the model of the display and itis included in these ranges 20x2 display n between 1 2 20x4 or 40x2 display n between 1 4 If the n value is not compatible with the installed display model the command is ignored The cursor is placed in the next position of the last character visualized if the last character of the said message occupies the last position of the display the cursor will be placed in home position For example if you wish to visualize the messages number 10 and 11 it will be necessary to send the following sequence 27 33 68102 or 1B 21 44 OA 02 Hex or ESC D LF STX QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 o Page 39 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY SCROLLING MESSAGE VISUALIZATION Code 27 33 83 mess no chars Hex code 1B 21 45 mess no chars Hex Mnemonic ESC E ASCIlI mess no ASCII chars This command visualizes on the first row of the display a scrolling message chars charactes long in fact the characters that form the message are shifted from the right to the left making possible to show on an unique row of the display the first row an amount of informations greater than the one normally available The message which is chars characters long begins from the first character of the message whose number is mess no and is compose
68. ter the three command identification codes other 9 bytes must be sent to QTP 4x6 with the following meaning nchr 0 7 00 7 gt Number of user character to define and save Pat 0 0 31 00 Hex gt First byte of pattern equal to first high row character 2 gt 2 2 2 i Pat 7 0 31 00 1F Hex Seventh byte of pattern equal to last low row of character This command loads on the display the pattern of the user character nchr with the value placed in the eight byte byte Pat 0 Pat 7 as described in figure 23 moreover the pattern is also saved EEPROM so if QTP 4x6 is turned off and on the user character nchr mantain the supplied pattern NOTE This command writes data on the on board EEPROM so before executing it is better to check the EEPROM writing possibility through the proper command in fact if it is not ready the command is ignored Execution time is about 80 msec if several commands must follow this it is better to insert a delay to avoid input buffer overflow QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 37 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY COMMANDS FOR MESSAGE MANAGEMENT In the following paragraphs are described all the commands that manage messages on QTP 4x6 The messages are 20 characters sequence that can be saved on board EEPROM and then reloaded or represented on display simply by suppling the same message identification number The most i
69. ternal shelf is required for the PC The podium should be painted white and the only visible elements should be a feedback LCD number zero which allows participants to see what they are typing on the keyboard the keyboard and the text description of the piece please note that other podium layouts or styles can be chosen by the curator Each LCD screen makes a quiet beep every time a question is asked If the piezo speaker in each LCD is too loud it can be muffled with cotton inside of it then black tape and then some cork to quiet it down The sound should only be audible from about 2 or 3 metres away from the screens Views of site specific installation Istanbul Biennial Turkey 2001 Photos by Lozano Hemmer The piece saves a text file for every day that it is in operation This text log contains any entries that people have entered in that day You may choose to upload these texts in a public web site by simply choosing to save the logs in an online directory To do this you may right click on the screen to see the 33 Questions per Minute 03 V piece s control panel and choose a path to save the texts Please note that making the text entry public is optional If this option is chosen however it is essential that the typed input appear is uncensored and unformatted The computer can optionally be connected to an external display such as a projector LED screen media fa ade video wall or any ot
70. th alphanumeric Fluorescent or LEDs back lite LCD displays with 20 characters for 2 or 4 lines or with 40 characters for 2 lines QTP 4x6 is directly connected with the display so it has an overall frontal dimension equal to the selected display used for visualization For the mechanic fixing the user must use the onboard displays holes QTP 4x6 is the best choice whenever the User needs to show messages and 24 keys are enough to interact with the hardware QTP 4x6 gives the possibility to store in the on board serial EEPROM up to 97 messages These messages can be shownon the display also in sliding mode simply sending to the serial port a proper sequence of commands This way the amount of work for the main CPU is lowered also the messages to show must not be sent through the serial line to the panel Itis also possible to read through the serial line the messages stored in the EEPROM This allows the User to employ QTP 4x6 as a small storage device where special data like hardware Set Up passwords ID codes etc can be stored Some models of QTP 4x6 can be enclosed inside a proper metallic container named QTP 72144 and QTP 96192 obtaining a compact apparatus with IP 56 frontal protection and with remarkable mounting facilities The QTP 4x6 is able to execute an entire range of display commands including Clear Screen Position cursor EEPROM reading or writing etc with code compatibility to ADDS ViewPoint standard video terminal Featu
71. that can be defined and or stored and shown on the display as explained in the further paragraph USER CHARACTERS COMMANDS About special characters please refer to APPENDIX and remind that it is possible to get different display models provided of different special characters but everything must be directly arranged with grifo DATA STORED IN EEPROM The on board EEPROM of QTP 4x6 stores a set of data that can be used and or changed through the specific commands The menu EEPROM DATA of local setup allows the user to decide whether to leave these data unchanged NOINI option or to set them to their default value INIT option to restore the configuration the board find when delivered In detail option INIT sets EEPROM data as follows presence byte gt 255 keys codes gt reported in table of figure 20 models of user defineable characters gt 255 messagges gt 255 exiting from local set up a string is shown on the display with a progress bar inform about the status of the operation Initialization phase duration and so the number of printed depends on EEPROM size and can be up to 20 seconds The user must choose the EEPROM initialization option very carefully in fact all previously saved data are lost QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 27 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY COMMANDS FOR CURSOR POSITION Here follows the list of the c
72. that to reduce consumption the QTP 4x6 can be ordered also with LCD display not backlited whenever necessary please contact directly grifo for price and availability QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 Page 7 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY INSTALLATION In this chapter there are the information for a right installation and correct use of the terminal 4x6 In detail there are the locations and functions of each connector of the user settable jumpers and of the trimmer For the connectors it is described the pin outs the meaning of the connected signals and some connection examples that simplify and speed the installation phase INTERFACE CONNECTOR The conneceor named CN3 is an AMP Mod II 8 8 pins 90 male with 2 54 mm pitch It must be used for all the QTP 4x6 connections in fact it includes the power supply the serial communication and external matrix keyboard signals Placing of the signals has been designed to reduce interference and electrical noise and to simplify connections with other systems The female connector for CN3 can be directly ordered to grifo code CKS AMP106 or acquired directly from AMP dealer by using P N 280366 female AMP Mod II 8 8 pins and P N 182206 2 crimping contact In the following figures are described all these signals divided according with their functionality POWER SUPPLY CONNECTION The below figure shows the CN3 signals used to power supply the
73. the next one to assure that the terminal has had the time to interpretate correctly the transmitted data Page 40 o 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn EXTERNAL CARDS The typical application of QTP 4x6 are those that require interaction between operator and controlled machine for data status measures information exchanges The card can be connected to a wide range of programmable devices provided of one serial communication line produced by grifo or to many system of other companies Hereunder some of these cards are briefly described ask the detailed information directly to grifo or search it on grifo CD or web site if required 553 General Purpose Controller 80C552 80C552 uP 22 33 MHz 1 RS 232 line software 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 or Current Loop line 16 TTL I O lines 8 A D 10 bits lines 3 Timers Counters 64K EPROM 64K RAM 32K RAM and backed 32K DIL 8K serial EEPROM 2 PWM lines 1 Activity LED Watch dog 5 readable DIPs LCD Interface ABACO I O BUS 323 General Purpose Controller 51 family 80C32 uP 14 MHz Full CMOS 1 RS 232 line software 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 or Current Loop line 24 TTL I O lines 11 A D 12 bits lines 3 Timers Counters 64K EPROM 64K RAM 32K RAM and RTC backed 32K DIL EEPROM 8K serial EEPROM Buzzer 2 Activity LED Watch dog 5 readable DIPs LCD Interface ABACO I O BUS GPC 153 General Purpose Controller 7
74. there are two separate grey wire links These LCDs should be connected in numeric sequence to each of these two serial links Each LCD on a link must have a unique number so start with LCD 1 at the end nearest to the controller board LCD 10 should be the furthest from the controller board 5 There is only one zero 0 LCD this LCD screen is mounted above the po dium to give typing feedback to participants POWER All the LCD displays must be connected before plugging the LCD Power Supply the big PC type power supply mounted on the same wooden base as the green controller board into the mains Never plug or unplug LCD displays while the LCD Power Supply is turned on this can permanently damage the LCD displays Make sure that the LCD power supply box is set for the correct volt age setting for your local power There is a Red switch on the back of it that allows selection of 110V North American style power 230 V power This must be set checked before proceeding When correct plug the LCD power supply into the mains Finally plug the PC power supply in to the mains STARTUP SEQUENCE 1 Start the PC by pressing the POWER button located directly below the 9 keyboard key on its built in keyboard and labelled Power Please lower the screen to minimize reflection inside the podium 2 Next power up the LCD Power Supply via the ON OFF switch located at the rear of the box You will hear a chirp from the disp
75. to avoid repeating the same question and will take over 3 thousand years to present all the possible word combinations If you would like to input a question please type it on the keyboard and press the Return key to send it to the screens Note to delete a character please press the fn and Delete key PRESERVATION NOTES The LCDs are manufactured by the Italian company Grifo model QTP6x4 CA with an RS485 option A detailed technical document on the dis plays including all schematics is enclosed as APPENDIX In the event that one of the displays fails a spare LCD screen is included labelled 11 Grifo can be contacted at www grifo it their telephone number is 39 51 89 20 52 in Italy If these displays are not available in the future they can be replaced with any display that has a similar form factor provided that they can display non ascii character maps in particular Spanish and German special characters provided that they have a piezo tweeter and provided that they can receive 5V power and data RS485 from our software Please do not place the LCDs inside a protective enclosure the aesthetic of the piece is that the work has been hand made low tech and in general with the aesthetics of a detonator The USB controller board is manufactured by APR inc in Edmonton Canada They can be contacted at a_p_r shaw ca or by telephone at 780 669 0529 The actual project engineer was Conroy Badger at conroy badger shaw c
76. tural Art ficial Sao Paulo 2002 Cibervisi n 2 Conde Duque Madrid 2002 Istanbul Biennial Turkey 2001 Bienal de la Habana Havana 2000 Collections The series consists of 5 copies and an artist proof The initial sales were 1 5 MUSAC Museum in Le n Spain 2 5 Private collector in London UK 3 5 Miami Art Central in Miami USA 4 5 Private collector in Miami USA 5 5 Museum of Modern Art in New York USA 1 AP collection the artist Credits The following should be credited in any information panels and catalogue Programmers Conroy Badger and Rafael Lozano Hemmer Languages Susie Ramsay Ana Parga Mar a Velarde Torres Luis Jim nez Carl s Luis Parga Gabriela Ravent s for Spanish Rebecca MacSween English Stephan Klinger Sakrowski Till Braband for German Production Conroy Badger Will Bauer Sandra Badger Selected Reviews Zehar Revista de Arteleku no 57 San Sebasti n 2005 The Algorithmic Revolution Catalog ZKM Karlsruhe 2004 Exit Revista de Arte Madrid February 2004 Creams Phaidon London 2003 The Guardian London 29 January 2003 The Herald Glasgow 7 February 2003 Felix Risk NY 2003 Art in America NY March 2002 BT Tokyo January 2002 Art in America NY October 2001 Egofugal catalog Istanbul 2001 Art Nexus Miami No 39 January March 2001 Pa s Madrid 7 December 2000 Cat logo Bienal de la Habana 2000 33 Questions per Minute O
77. ty and conservation of the manual also for future references In case of deterioration or more easily for technical updates consult the AUTHORIZED TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE directly To prevent problems during card utilization itis a good practice to read carefully all the informations of this manual After this reading the User can use the general index and the alphabetical index respectly at the begining and at the end of the manual to find information in a faster and more easy way This handbook make reference to firmware version 1 3 and following ones The validity of the information contained in this manual is subordinated to the firmware release number so the user must always verify the correct correspondence beetween the notations Inside the device the firmware release number is written on the label stuck on the CPU or it can be obtained by a proper command sent through the serial line QTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 o Page 1 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY ENERAL INFORMATION 4x6 is a complete low cost operator panel with small overall dimension specifically designed for industrial use and for direct mounting on automatic machinery It is a video terminal suitable to be the direct interface between operator and machinery in any of the control command visualization operations which could be necessary in many civil and or industrial applications QTP 4x6 is available wi
78. ursor positioning commands CURSOR LEFT Code 21 Hex code 15 Mnemonic NACK The cursor is shifted of one position to the left without modifying the display contents If the cursor is in Home position it will be placed in the last position of the last row of the display CURSOR RIGHT Code 6 Hex code 6 Mnemonic ACK The cursor is shifted of one position to the right If the cursor is placed in the last position of the last row il will be moved to the Home position CURSOR DOWN Code 10 Hex code A Mnemonic LF The cursor will be moved to the line below but it will remain in the same column If the cursor is in the last display line it will be moved to the first display line CURSOR UP Code 26 Hex code 1 SUB The cursor will be moved to the line above but it will remain in the same column If the cursor is in the first display line it will be moved to the last display line HOME Code 1 Hex code 1 Mnemonic SOH The cursor is moved to Home position i e first line first column of the display or on the other hand the up left corner Page 28 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn CARRIAGE RETURN Code 13 Hex code D Mnemonic CR The cursor is moved to the beginning of the line where it was located CARRIAGE RETURN LINE FEED Code 29 Hex code 1 GS The cursor is moved to the beginning of line above the one where it was located If the
79. vaco Ga ee a 26196 4110 9210 119 u0 amp 2 doo ju3 1n7 SU SU TET SU 161198 eur gt l o z I o E 5 3 ysopupey Od FiGURE 25 AVAILABLE CONNECTIONS DIAGRAM Page 43 Rel 5 10 4 grifo ITALIAN TECHNOLOGY 150 General Purpose Controller 84C15 Microprocessor Z80 at 16 MHz implementation completely CMOS 512K EPROM or FLASH 512K SRAM RTC Back Up through external Lithium battery 4M serail FLASH 1 serial line RS 232 plus 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 or current loop 40 I O TTL 2 timer counter 2 watch dog dip switch EEPROM A D converter with resolution 12 bit activity LED GPC 550 General Purpose Controller 80C552 Microprocessor 80C552 at 22 MHz 32K EPROM 32 K RAM 32 K EEPROM or SRAM RTC serial EEPROM serial lines 1 RS 232 1 RS 232 or RS 422 485 or current loop 40 I O TTL 2 lines of PWM 16 bits timer counter watch dog dip switch 8 lines 10 bit A D converter interface for BUS ABACO CAN line galvanically isolated Unique power supply 5 Vdc EUROCARD format SBP 02 xx Switch BLOCK Power xx version Low cost switching power supply able to generate voltage from 5 to 40 Vdc and current up to 2 5 A Input from 12 to 24 Vac Connection for DIN Type and rails o 4 6 Rel 5 10 Page 44 gn
80. xecuting it is better to check the EEPROM writing possibility through the proper command in fact if it is not ready the command is ignored KEYCLICK ON WITHOUT MEMORIZATION Code 27 53 Hex code 35 Mnemonic ESC 5 The keyclick function is switched on so there is a sound feedback when a key is pressed This setting is not saved inside the on board EEPROM so if the terminal is powered off and on it goes back to the previous condition defined and saved in local set up mode KEYCLICK OFF WITHOUT MEMORIZATION Code 27 54 Hex code 1 36 Mnemonic ESC 6 The keyclick function is disabled so there is not sound feedback when a key is pressed This setting is not saved inside the on board EEPROM so if the terminal is powered off and on it goes back to the previous condition defined and saved in local set up mode Page 34 OTP 4x6 Rel 5 10 gn KEYCLICK ON WITH MEMORIZATION Code 27 33 53 Hex code 21 35 Mnemonic ESC 5 This command enables KeyClick function so there is an audible feedback when a key is pressed This setting is stored on the on board EEPROM so if the card is turned off and on it keeps the current condition NOTE This command writes data on the on board EEPROM so before executing it is better to check the EEPROM writing possibility through the proper command in fact if it is not ready the command 15 ignored KEYCLICK OFF WITH MEMORIZATION Code 27 33 54
81. y as described in the specific paragraph while electric protocol must be defined when the terminal is ordered MASTER SLAVE COMMUNICATION MODE The Master Slave mode uses the 9 bits communication technique In addition to the 8 data bit also a 9 bit is managed as it is needed for recognizing between a call coming from the Master to any of the Slave structures and a simple info transmission between Master and the selected device When 9 bit is placed at 1 the data byte has to contain the name or identifying code of the device towards it needs to communicate while by placing this particular bit at 0 it is possible to take out or supply info at this device When QTP 4x6 is used the identifying code must be that one set by the local set up programm on the NAME Hex entry When this byte is sent with 9 bit set to 1 the 4x6 recognizes itself and it waits the string containing chars data or commands In this string there must only be a comand that involves the return of an information sent via serial line from QTP 4x6 part if there is more than one command the results of the remaining ones are ignored Between the transmission of a char and the next one there must be an interval of time shorter than the Time Out as elapsed this delay the QTP 4x6 will consider the data string ended and it will begin the answering phase The Time Out value for each baud rate is below described Baud Rate Time Out Character transmission time

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