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1. errors mS Hz errors mS seconds mode 125mS seconds seconds bit map bit map address ASCII count ASCII ASCII seconds mode count mode digits characters mode ASCII mode Display alarms Channel identification Prefix date to data Echo Fix schedules Formatted mode Over range error carry Calibration Logger number prefix Messages Channel numbers Overwrite memory Program from card Return data Synchronise Prefix data with time Units text Speaker enable ntermediate channels Progressive max min Priority to return data Stops alarm messages Default switches 10mS 50 60Hz 0 50mS 300S 0 1 125mS 30S 2S 255 0 128 32 space 3 13 CR LF 0 none 30 0 20 1or2 5 0 variable 0 T 46 0 hh mm ss 58 Page 11 S e Input zero drift allowed before re calibration see Accuracy on page 17 Software trim of 2 5000 volt reference for calibration see Accuracy on page 17 Trims internal LM35 temperature sensor For thermocouple reference junction temperature calibration see page 16 Trims the internal 100 02 0 1 reference resistor see Accuracy on page 17 If this is greater than zero then counts may have been missed by the low speed counters Set as number of 14mS intervals Useful for use with radio modem network Typically would set P7 22 corresponding to 300mS Network errors have occurred if P9 gt 0 Time between c
2. 5R 4W a Jon Tre 5 Ri Il The measurement current passes through both resistors By definition nR 4W and n R will measure R1 and R2 respectively This configuration does not provide lead compensation for R2 Mixed Resistance Input Page 19 Config 13 2sooma CIK active g Examples arm It 2 1 561 120 0 3BGI 1 350 R Rc can be a bridge completion resistor for the same value as the active arm located near the logger or preferably an active arm of the bridge This configuration compensates for lead resistance and in the case of a half bridge temperature compensation For quarter bridge 12092 foil strain gauge the resolution is 2uStrain The configuration is also useful to read the position of the wiper of a potentiometer The channel factor is set to the potentiometer s resistance lt 5KQ eg 2BGI 2000 Three Wire Half and Quarter Bridge Input Examples 1 5BGI 350 4BGl 2BGI Y1 To other bridges To other channel R terminals The bridge completion resistor is shared between channels Its value is equal to the nominal value of the unknown resistor The configuration is similar to Config 11 no reference channel is needed Multiple Three Wire Quarter Bridge Inputs Examples 3BGI 4W 4BGI 120 4W 5V II Y3 The bridge is powered by the 2 500mA constant current source resulting in readings
3. Config 6 Examples 1V 10 5V 100 7 atten R1 R2 R2 Attenuated voltage inputs for situations where one signal line is always close to ground potential Half Attenuated Differential Input Examples 1 l 1 10 l 5 L Grouna You can combine this arrangement with the External Shunts arrangement to give four single ended current channels for each full differential channel Single Ended Current Input with Internal Shunt Examples 1 1 1 X p 5 L X 6 AD590 X Ground bus bar SE Ref To avoid cross channel coupling connect the bottom of the shunts with the minimum of shared resistance to the SE ref take off point The excite terminal cannot be used as a single ended input on the DT50 Single Ended Current with External Shunt Examples 2l 1 101 5L 10 Note Common mode voltage limits must be adhered to for correct operation For models with CMOS multiplexers this is 4 volts relative to datalaker ground Differential Current Input with External Shunt Examples 2R 4W 3R 4W 1 Examples 1R 2R I 3PT385 Examples 3R LSR 4PT385 You can get lead compensation by replacing the lower link with a resistor of value equal to the total lead resistance This configuration is recommended only for resistances gt 500Q Two Wire Resistance Input cfe Examples R1 X Jona N
4. The digital inputs are sampled every 50mS or as defined by P13 range 10 100mS and counters increment on negative transitions If P13 is set towards the lower end of the range the logger can become slow in executing other tasks Pulses shorter than P13 mS cannot be counted reliably The low speed counters only operate while the logger is awake High Speed Counters nHsc The high speed counters are hardware counters tha function when the logger is awake or asleep They have dedicated terminals C1 C2 and C3 increment on positive transitions and count at rates of up to 500Hz The maximum count speed is limited by a 1mS debounce circuit Input to 1HSC The input to1HSC is determined by P27 as follows P27 0 External input via C1 gate permanently enabled P27 1 Internal 32767Hz input gate is ext signal on C1 P27 2 External input via C1 gate is ext signal on C2 P27 3 Internal 1024Hz input gate permanantly enabled The counter gate is active low and can be enabled by contact closure to ground For maximum line hum rejection the conversion time defaults to one line period of 16 67 or 20 0mS depending on the DIP switch country setting see Appendix Reducing the value of 7SV and 8SV forces the datalaker to sample channels more rapidly 8SV can be any value between 48 and 1000 hertz The penalty for increasing the line frequency setting is that it reduces measurement resolution proportionally Extra Samples The number of sample
5. 110 mm Connector Height without memory card 85mm with memory card 105mm Country Setting format see Date on page 6 See Baud Rate and Address x don t care The Country Setting determines the default integration period 16 7mS for US and 20mS for others for the analog to 4 digital converter and the default date n Baud Rate and Address n Dip switch position four s4 is not available for setting the address if 300 or n 9600 baud rate is selected This reduces the address range to 0 15 n on M d Socket We NS E emory Card Socke 10 9 3 7 6 5 a Convert SO NOMS ai Analog Channels Spay Lamp switched Single Ended Ref g Connector ma 250 mm gt 270 mm Auxiliary Dip Switch Four way Auxilliary Dip Switch provides other options s Sw1 3 must be set in the ie default positions to use dataTaker network With s4 in the ON position a 19200 Hz frequency signal is Y applied to the High Speed W Counter 1HSC input Note Parameter 27 must be set P27 0 to use this input High Voltage Measurement The data l ker 505 and 605 models have a switchable four wire on the and SERef lines attenuator after the input multiplexer In each case attenuation is relative to ground The attenuators on the differential inputs and are matched to ensure high common mode rejection Two channel type
6. The power consumption of the datalaker 50 can be kept to a minimum if the input multiplexer is powered down while the logger is in the sleep state For the datalaker 50 this is set using DIP switch s4 The factory preset is for the multiplexers to power down while the dataTaher 50 ais sleep The current saving is approximately 150yA which is current draw of the 4 CMOS multiplexer integrated circuits CD4052 See Multiplexer Powering on page 15 datalaker so Address 0 loff off The datalaker 50 can be 1 loff on given an address despite the fact 2 loff ol that the logger does not support 3 loff on networking 4 Joff ol The address of a datalaker 5 loff lon on 50 can be used for 6 loff lon o identification in the STATUS or 7 loff lon on STATUS1 commands see 8 lon off STATUS on page 10 g Jon on identification of returned data if 2 10 lon off L Address Switch is enabled see 2 11 Jon on Swityches L on page11 12 lon o If 300 or 9600 baud rate is d 13 Jon on selected then the address range is 14 Ion off limited to 0 7 15 Jon on Power Consumption The datalaker 50 will consume very little power if it is allowed to sleep Less power is consumed if the datalaker 50 is powered through the battery terminals rather than through the AC DC terminals because the battery charger circuit draws additional current especially if it is charging a depleted battery Power S
7. and generally global in effect Switch commands can be issued at any time and most take effect immediately Delay in effect may occur if data is buffered in the dataFaker or in the host computer Viewing Switch Settings The STATUS9 command returns the current switch settings to the host e g a C d E h T K 1 M N 0 Q x 8 t U v w x y Z Fixed Format Mode H The fixed format mode is recommended for those writing drivers to interface host software with the datalaker in this mode the u n e r switches are forced to ensure a fixed format These switches are restored to their original values when the datalaker receives h See the Advanced Communications Manual for a complete description Pa rameters internal settings Calibration interval 2 500 volt reference trim Temperature trim Reference resistor trim Lost count flag Network turnaround time Remote network error ADC settling period Mains frequency Transmit errors Digital input sample period Password timeout Low power operation ADC warm up time Delay to low power mode Auto scroll time Status screens to display Wake schedules Return data to address Data delimiter character Calibration samples Scan delimiter Unload completed character XOFF timeout before XON Define input to counter 1HSC Number of alarms permitted Date forma Number of significant digits Field width Temperature units Decimal point character Time format Time separator
8. as for any voltage signal The channel type is a Tt where t is the thermocouple type TB TC TT Using the thermocouple channel type reads the channel as a voltage and automatically applies cold junction compensation and linearisation Reference Junction Support The datalaker by default uses the internal temperature sensor channel 1 LM35 on the logger and n 1 LM35 on Channel Expansion Modules as the reference junction sensor The internal sensor has an accuracy of 0 5T and may be trimmed by P2 in units of 0 001 However you can also use any channel as the reference junction temperature sensor channel This is done by including the TR option in the channel s option list The channel must return its value in the current temperature units The following are valid 4LM35 TR 3V Y1 TR 11SV TR 300 to 1700 0 to 2320 0 to 2320 200 to 900 4nvzxcQomoow an external LM35 as a reference polynomial Y1 converts V to temp use when thermocouple externally compensated Note 11SV 0 00 A second compensation facility lets you correct for voltage offset errors that may occur on all channels of an external isothermal block This is the TZ channel option The channel must return its value in the units of mV e g 1V TZ This arrangement of reference channels provides the flexibility to use multiple external isothermal blocks Each isothermal block can have its own set of reference channels The reference temperatur
9. at 01 30 00 and 11 30 00 on the following day and so on Returning Entered Schedules The STATUS2 command returns the currently entered scan schedules and channel lists up to a maximum of 512 characters See Other Commands on page 10 ae Page 3 This Example has two schedules Schedule A scans every 10 minutes RA10 reporting channels 1 through 5 as voltage data Schedule B scans every hour RB1H while digital input 2 is true 2W reporting the state of digital inputs 1 through 4 1 4DS the average and maximum temperatures from RTDs connected to channels 6 through 9 6 9PT385 AV MX and the interval count on the resetting counter channel 2 2C R The statistical sampling is as fast as possible Scan and Sample Order When different schedules are due to scan at the same time the schedules are scanned in the order of RA RB RC RD and RZ When there are statistical channels in a schedule and the statistical sub schedule is due at the same time as the reporting schedule the channels are scanned statistically prior to reporting You cannot change this order Channels within schedules are sampled in the order of entry The RX polled schedule is scanned after receipt of each X command Changing a Schedule Trigger You can change a schedule s trigger at any time simply by entering a new schedule ID and trigger without a channel list as follows RC10M 2W If you include a channel list then a new s
10. the original schedule are used to interpret the data Schedules cannot be replaced when data has beer logged until data is cleared by CLEAR or CDATA Stop When Full Mode o Data logging stops when memory is full oldest data is retained and new data is lost If a memory card is used data is not logged in internal memory until memory card is full This is the default mode for data storage Overwrite Mode O Oldest data is overwritten with newest data when the memory is full This mode is invoked by the O switch see Switches O on page 11 The internal memory is not used in overwrite mode when a memory card is used Storage Capacity Data storage capacity is difficult to calculate because of the 3 byte header per schedule per scan If you consider the header as a data reading the following provides a guide Memory Capacity readings Total card internal Internal 166 530 166 530 1MPC Card 343 980 510 510 2M PC Card 693 420 859 950 4M PC Card 1 392 300 1 558 830 Time and Date in a channel list are logged same as any other channels i e 3 bytes each It is more efficient to use the T and D switch commands see pages 6 and 11 Not Logging Channels All channels and channel variables in RA RB RC RD and RX schedules are logged after the LOGON command is issued The NL No Log and W Working Channel Options prevent logging of individual channels Data Logging and Retrieval go for quality no
11. using spans 6 CARDID command 8 CDATA command 8 channel expansion 27 factor 4 10 13 17 identification 3 5 10 12 28 lists 3 numbering N 3 4 28 options 5 sequences 4 28 types 4 characters special 13 CLAST command 8 CLEAR command 8 clearing alarms 9 card data 8 card program 8 schedules 3 stored data 8 comments 2 13 commands BEGIN 3 CALARMS 9 CALARMn 9 CARDID 8 CDATA 8 CLAST 8 CLEAR 8 COPY 8 CPROG 8 CSCANS 3 CTEST 8 END 3 G GA GB GC GD GS GX GZ GZn 3 9 H HA HB HC HD HS HX HZ HZn 3 9 LOGON LOGOFF 8 NOCOPY 8 PASSWORD 13 Q8 RESET 10 RUNPROG 8 SIGNOFF 13 STATUS STATUSn 10 TEST TESTn 10 U UA UB UC UD and UX 8 computer format mode H 10 11 COMS port 1 13 isolation 12 22 25 26 conditional scanning nW 3 tests 9 expressions 7 convert lamp 24 25 26 27 COPY command 8 counter 4 18 20 events 3 19200 Hz input 26 country setting 10 24 25 26 CSCANS command 3 current input 4 19 loop 4 20mA 4 19 data bits 13 data retrieval 8 date D 6 delay period digital output 4 alarm condition 9 differential input 4 19 23 27 attenuated 26 digital events 3 input 4 output 4 19 DIP switch 13 14 15 24 25 26 mA display 5 14 alarms 12 backlight WARN5 WARN6 12 options ND W BG 5 12 END command 2 3 error messages En 21 errors response to 21 event schedules 3 triggers nE n mE 3 excite ter
12. 13 network 14 schedule 3 WAKE terminal 15 WARN 4 12 warning LEDs n WARN 12 XON XOFF 10 13 Head Office Australia Melbourne dataTaker Pty Ltd 7 Seismic Court Rowville Victoria 3178 Tel 03 9764 8600 613 9764 8600 Fax 03 9764 8997 613 9764 8997 Email sales datalaker com au Offices United Kingdom dataTaker Ltd Shepreth Cambridgeshire SG8 6GB Tel 44 0 1763 264780 Fax 44 0 1763 262410 email sales datalaker co uk United States of America datalaker Inc 22961 Triton Way Suite E Laguna Hills CA 92653 1230 Tel 1 800 9 LOGGER Tel 949 452 0750 1 949 452 0750 Fax 949 452 1170 1949 452 1170 Email sales datalaker com Worldwide Dealer Network www datalaker com Your Local Dealer www datalaker com
13. 17 Config Line see Multiple 6 Average Reports on page 4 6 Standard deviation These channel options link the channel to the statistical sub schedule RS The channel will be 6 Maximum sampled at times determined by the RS trigger which defaults to continuous rapid scanning At the report 6 Minimum time as determined by the RA RB RC RD or RX schedules the statistical summary will be reported If no 6 Time of maximum sample has been taken before the reporting time then an error 9999 9 is reported 6 Time of minimum NOTE Statistical options are not valid in alarms If you want to alarm on a statistical value then use a 6 Date of maximum channel variable i e nCV to pass the statistical value to the alarm 6 Date of minimum 6 ntegral The time integral s time base is seconds For other time bases apply a Span or Polynomial e g Y1 0 2 778e 4 AHrs for hours xy 1e18 6 Report time sampling the results are place in variables n m 3 CV classes m 2 CV under range m 1 CV overange mCV total counts see page 6 f a Te rit The variables are like memory registers in a calculator You can assign them directly e g 1CV 2 5 or assign a channel reading to 1 to 100 7 Subtract the variable at scan time e g 1V 7CV You can read the contents of a variable modify it and then replace it with the modified 1 to 100 7 Multiply value For example 1V 7CV means the value of 7CV is divided by the reading on channel 1 and the result is returned to 7CV
14. 2 If the write protect switch is set to Write Enabled and writing appending to the card is allowed then any internal data will be transferred to the card as the switch is switched TRANSFER DATA FROM DATATAKER TO CARD NO YES Will all internal data fit into free space on card NO E Transfer data A to card car Add to display gt Xfer Resume normal operation Continue logging to internal memory Appendix Specifications Introduction The dataTaker range of data loggers are all microprocessor based battery powered or mains powered data loggers which can measure all of the fundamental signal types and have direct support built in for a wide range of commonly used sensors Data manipulation includes sensor calibrations real time statistical functions and real time calculations The acquired data can either be returned to a host computer in real time or can be logged into memory for later recovery Data can be stored in battery backed internal memory or in PC Card PCMCIA memory cards which can be periodically removed from the logger to transport the data Alarms can be set for all input channels and can be annunciated by switching of digital outputs returning alarm messages to a host computer and displaying alarm states The datalaker models differ only in the number of input channels the type of analog channel multiplexing and exp
15. 30 000 o 30 000 o 30 000 8 to 1000 o 30 000 10 to 100 o 30 000 Oto2 o 255 o 255 o 255 o 255 o 255 o 128 o 127 to 10 o 127 o 127 o 254 O0to3 Oto 110 Oto2 1to9 0 to 200 0to3 0 to 127 Oto2 o 127 Enable the display of displayable alarms see Displaying Alarms on page 12 Channel type is included with channel number with returned data e g 5PT392 instead of 5 see Output Formats on page 10 Prefix date to logged data equivalent to a D at beginning of a schedules channel list Enables echo of commands to host Useful in terminal mode communications with the datalaker Prevents a logger s scan schedules trigger or channel list being modified see Schedules on page 3 A RESET will still erase schedules Fixed format mode of data output Switches and Parameters are saved by H and restored by h See the Advanced Communications Manual Errors are carried through expressions so that expression will return 99999 9 If disabled 99999 9 is substituted for reading in the expression Enables auto calibration Issuing a K forces an immediate calibration datalaker always calibrates during a RESET Prefixes the logger number to a schedule s returned data e g dataTaker 19 5PT385 232 5 indicating the data is from logger 19 Enables error and warning messages to be returned to host see Error Messages page 21 Includes channel number and type if C switch is on with returned data see Output Formats
16. 4741 12 7500 2 490 395 0 3498 where the Switches are set to u n and the Parameters are set to P22 44 a comma P24 13 a return P31 0 day number and P39 2 decimal hours Data format control is global and is applied to real time data unloaded data and the data returned by the TEST and STATUS commands Note All data is kept internally as 3 byte data and is formatted when returned Data format can be changed between successive memory Unloads 4015 75 Program Characters Free Stored Y 1 0 0382 14 4 kPa RESET RA15S T 1V Y1 1CV The RESET command clears the datalaker of all data and programs Use it carefully ALARM1 1CV gt 150 2DSO Boiler or risk losing valuable data The RESET command also initiates a calibration and a sign on message is returned to the computer STATUSS9 returns the Datataker s current switch settings Datataker 0 Version 7 xx a C Aa E h T K 1 M N 0 Q R S t U v w x y Z Initializing Done The RESET command does not clear the dataTaker clock or clear data or program STATUS10 returns further information about the current program in the logger from a memory card wn noan oun Do not send any other commands to the datal ker for five seconds after you have See a ee leat egies dear Ss at a a i i r A A r A rA f a entered the RESET command Use Wn in DeTransfer to force a pause after RESET in a 3 gt gt lt B gt lt C gt lt D gt lt X gt command file for example y 7 Oa 4
17. 57 WV 0 16 57 WV 2 5V 600000 ppm 26 ppm 0 00 140 ppm 0 00 140 ppm RESISTANCE 250mV 60000 ppm 2 6 ppm 0 05 13 ppm 0 07 13 ppm 7KQ 4W 1 8 kQ 0 52 Q 0 20 42 0 Q 0 31 42 0 Q 25mV 6000 ppm 0 26 ppm 0 10 14 2 ppm 0 12 14 2 ppm 1KQ 4W 1 1 2 kQ 0 052 Q 0 15 0 26 Q 0 24 0 26 Q BRIDGES FULL Current 1002 4W 1 0 12 kQ 0 0052 Q 0 10 0 023 Q 0 17 0 023 Q 25V 3E 06 ppm 150 ppm 0 16 800 ppm 0 33 800 ppm 500Q 4W lI 800 Q 52 mQ 0 15 280 mQ 0 24 280 mQ 250mV 342857 ppm 15 ppm 0 16 472 ppm 0 34 472 ppm 1002 4W 11 120 Q 5 2 mQ 0 10 26 mQ 0 17 26 mQ 25mV 34286 ppm 1 5 ppm 0 16 46 5 ppm 0 33 6 5 ppm 10Q 4W I 12 Q 0 52 mQ 0 15 42 3 mQ 0 24 2 33 mQ P BRIDGES HALF Current RESISTANCE 3 Wire Compensation Lead Resistance 102 25V 2E 06 ppm 74 ppm 0 36 400 ppm 0 62 400 ppm TKO IW ie tone prcrgs Seow 8 Boe gt aan R 250mV 171429 ppm 7 4 ppm 40 36 36 ppm 40 63 36 ppm 1KQ 3W I 1 2 KQ 0 052 Q 0 15 0 32 Q 0 24 0 32 Q 25mV 17143 ppm 0 74 ppm 0 36 3 3 ppm 0 62 3 3 ppm 1002 3W 0 12 kQ 0 0052 Q 0 10 0 09 Q 0 17 0 09 Q 5002 3W lI 800 Q 52 mQ 0 15 320 mQ 0 24 320 mQ 1002 3W 11 120 Q 5 2 mQ 0 10 66 0 mQ 0 17 66 0 mQ 10Q 3W 11 12 Q 0 52 mQ 0 15 43 mQ 0 24 43 mQ CURRENT 25mA 30 mA 1 3 pA 0 16 7 pA 0 25 7 pA 2 5mA 3 mA 0 13 pA 0 16 0 7 pA 0 26 0 7 pA 0 25mA 0 3 mA 0 013 pA 0 16 0 06 pA 0 25 0 06 pA FREQUENCY 300kHz 300 kHz 0 0
18. 5F The optional Shield is necessary when the signal source has a high output impedance or when noise pick up from other especially power cables is a problem A Guard not shown connected to the excite terminal can help reduce the effects of cable leakage and capacitance see Glossary on page 23 Differential Input Examples 1 V 3 AS 1 34 TK The excite terminal cannot be used as a single ended input on the DT50 Single Ended Inputs Config 3 Examples 1 V X 2 5 F X RO 5 LM35 X The excite terminal cannot be used as a single ended input on the DT50 Single Ended Inputs with External Reference Examples 1V 10 3TJ 2 5 V 100 Attenuated voltage inputs let you measure large voltages extend the common mode range and provides greater input protection Differential or single ended measurement is possible For sensors with built in amplification the attenuation factor can be less than unity or negative for a sign reversal Attenuated Input Config 5 Examples 14 V 11 X 3 TJ X 2 5 V X 100 SEA se Ref Mie line common to other channels attenuation R1 R2 R2 Ground This configuration is useful for high voltage differential input and situations where high accidental voltages are likely For maximum common mode rejection match the attenuator pads Attenuated Input with External Reference
19. 9 Deg C Sensors can be wired to channels calibrated and tested prior to full program entry n u P22 44 changes the output format in this case channel number and 452 0 565 4 451 0 units are disabled and data separator is ASCII 44 the comma 452 3 566 2 450 5 Sample Prog ram collect some data a Comments can follow the apostrophe character up toa carriage return Boiler monitoring program for the dataTaker 600 Author Henry Higgins 23 4 95 _ Commands Only upper case characters are accepted CSCANS CALARMS CLEAR CDATA Commands must be separated by one or more spaces or carriage returns and are not processed until a carriage return is received n u S e Switches page 11 determine system function upper case is ON and lower case is OFF P22 44 lt Y10 4 5 0 213 KPa 1 0 50 0 100 L m ALARM1 1V gt 2 25 3DSO ALARM2 4TT gt 110 0 3DSO 1DSO Over temp RB5S Alarms page 9 detect out of ALARM3 4TT lt 100 0 RB1M range conditions Can also be used to change logger function schedule BEGIN timing control outputs and event annunciation RB1M 2 4TT Temp RC15M 1V AV Y10 6L AV S1 C15 3 Schedules page 3 Four general purpose schedules END RA RB RC and RD each a list of channels to be scanned at programmable time intervals or on events A special LOGON s schedule RX allows polling from a host computer G Logging
20. Battery Fod m A Alkaline Protection Circuit 1 S 5V Schmitt input buffer with threshold approx 2 volts 100KQ Selector Selector X Precision three wire compensation circuit for resistance measurement and half bridge completion for bridge measurements 100KQ r This capacitor provides input 5V filtering and limits count rate to approx 1KH2z If it is removed 500KHz is possible Pull up resistor 15KQ 30V 4K NW Zener protection on outputs lt Output driver 200mA at 30V max 1 0V saturation _ Digital interface circuit Instrumentation Amplifier with auto gain select the frequency measurement i GLn channel option Network is not on all models allows manual selection 1 10 amp 100 see page 5 64180 Network al 82C54 style counters Special signal RK ean conditioning connector for Vibrating Wire support etc witched 6 9 volt line off in sleep mode 5V switched for 7 sensor power Caution To avoid damage use 6 Volt Precision lead acid battery only ensure correct Voltage to Programmable polarity before connecting the battery Frequency Time base amp Converter Frequency Counters io The VFC frequency is measured over one line period 16 67 or 20mS to maximise hum and noise rejection see 8SV etc on page 6 VFC by pass f
21. Calculations 9 9e 18 to 9 9e18 User 0 0001 Note 1 dataTaker 505 605 and Geologger 515 615 only Note 2 Geologger 515 615 only Appendix Specifications cont Scanning of Input Channels e 1 immediate scan schedule can include one or more channels e 4 repetitive scan schedules can include one or more channels Time based scanning in increments of 1 sec 1 min 1 hour 1 day e Event based scanning on digital channel events e Event based scanning on counter channel events Poll based scanning initiated by direct host requests e Conditional scanning when inputs exceed setpoint values Conditional scanning while any digital input is high Data Scaling Data read from the input channels in electrical units can be scaled to engineering units Subsequent manipulatiois performed on scaled data e Calibrations for individual sensors can be declared by up to 20 definable linear spans declared as span co ordinates up to 20 definable polynomials from 1st to 5th order mathematical expressions Data Manipulation e Statistical data including average standard deviation minimum and maximum with date and time of min and max and integral Delta rate of delta differential and integral between scans e Histogram with definable number of classes Expression evaluation using channel data and constants with arithmetic logical and relational operators log trig and other intrinsic functions Al
22. Cards MCI 04 Memory Card Interface lt PE 500 Portable Enclosure SIE 500 Small Industrial Enclosure LIE 500 Large Industrial Enclosure This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications Le pr sent appareil num rique n met pas de bruits radio lectriques d passant les limites applicables aux appreils num riques de la Classe A prescrites dans les r glements sur le brouillage radio lectrique dict s par le Minist re des Communications du Canada CAUTION USE APPROVED ANTI STATIC PROCEDURES The input circuitry of this device is extremely sensitive and therefore susceptible to damage by static electricity Always follow approved anti static procedures when working with this device www datataker com dataTaker DT50 DT500 and DT600 Manual A Concise Reference UM 0076 A0 dataTaker Pty Ltd 1991 2002 Contents Page 1 O O ON DOW fF WwW PD WwWwWWwWNMN DYN MYND NN NN NM N SF a a seertorie zAeefsA a oa FOO DN DOA FF O N O HOH WAN DH FW DY Getting Started More Getting Started Schedules Channel Types Channel Options Time and Other Channels Statistical Operations Scaling Data and Calculations Data Logging and Retrieval Memory Cards and Programs Alarms Output Format More Commands Parameters Switches Display Pan
23. Channel Type and possibly one or more Channel Options Channel Number Each input and output channel has a channel number Each single ended analog input has a suffix label corresponding to a screw terminal Excite output or positive single ended input terminal Positive differential or positive single ended input terminal Negative differential or positive single ended input terminal Return common or single ended current input terminal The DT50 does not support the excite terminal as a single ended input Channel Expansion Module Address Thus 5V defines a differential input between the and terminals while 5 V 5 V and 5 V defines single ended inputs between the or terminals respectively and the R terminal Similarly 5 l defines a single ended current input between the R terminal and a GND ground terminal The DT50 does not support the excite terminal as a single ended input s oS CA PO Voltage Current Resistance Bridge Frequency Time Temperature Digital Counts System Data Variables Text Relay multiplexer models only Geologger models only PP Ze Soh oe Voltage 25mV 250mV and 2 5V ranges High voltage 7V 70V and 100V ranges amp 00 oS Current internal 100 shunt or external shunt 4 20mA current loop Resistance by 2 3 or 4 wire methods 7KQ max 3 amp 4 wire 1 4 1 2 amp full bridge current excitation Ratiometric 4 amp 6 wir
24. Date on page 6 Baud Rate and Address US 60Hz Other 50Hz Socket t AA Lithium Battery on lower circuit board Ma JO amg tja f Analog Input HH R R lial Tol a 5 volts switched fatal 2 2 Sate 3 igi eight 110 mm a i 3 Digital O no memory card 50mm Holt TN 3 5 memory card 105mm al Ground Weight 1 5kg R it Tout Counters Power ia 4 AC DC Battery S SE f sa H m SE rei bl a m 1T Convert AC DC l N i Lami Power Alkaline Lead acia _Di play Single Ended amp PAAA Reference Input 9V 6V 250 mm I PE 270 mm Caution To avoid damage use 6 Volt lead acid battery only ensure correct polarity before connecting the battery 6 9V Switch Mode Regulator 9 2mV T 6 9V External Battery Connections Lead Bat Alkaline Gnd Protection Circuit Gnd iH Simplified Power Supply Schematic 2 Gnd External AC Power 9 18Vac 11 24Vdc External DC Power Wiring Battery 6 2 10V Lead Q External Alkaline Battery Alkaline se svl Lead iD External Gel Cell Battery The datalaker 50 RS232 COMMS port baud rate must match that of the host computer See COMMS Port on page 13 If either 300 or 9600 baud is selected the logger address range is reduced to 0 7 Multiplexer Power
25. Yn k o k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 text where nis the polynomial number between 1 and 20 A total of 20 Spans and Polynomials can be defined Only the coefficient terms up to the required order need to be entered Simple scale and offset corrections are also possible internally datafaker treats Spans as a first order polynomial The text replaces the default units text for the channel Polynomials are applied as a Channel Option Y18 25 5 0 345 0 0452 Deg C 1v Y18 will return lv 44 35 Deg C The coefficient terms of a polynomial are evaluated by least square regression Various statistical programs are available for this purpose Some nonlinear sensors are supplied with their calibration polynomial A single Polynomial definition may be applied to any number of channels in any schedules or alarms Channel Variables nCV Channel Variables are floating point data registers The datalaker has 100 Channel Variables identified as 1CV to 100CV which can store channel readings and the results of expressions Channel Variables can be used within expressions see Calculations below and can be included in schedules to return store and display their current values Channel Variables are assigned the current value of any input channel by including the Channel Variable in the Channel Option list For example 1V 2CV returns the voltage for channel 1 AND stores overwrites the value into the Channel Variable 2CV You can also use one
26. a trademark of Microsoft Corp PC Card and PCMCIA are trademarks of the Personal Computer Memory Card Industry Association Firmware Versions This manual is applicable to the Series 3 dataTaker 50 500 and 600 series data loggers that have firmware version 7 xx installed The firmware version number is returned in the first line of the TEST command see the section More Commands EUROPE This product complies with the requirements of European Directives C 89 336 EEC and 73 23 EEC and conforms with EN55022 Class A emissions and EN50082 1 susceptibility Mains adaptors used to power this product must comply with Related Documents EN60950 EN60742 or EN61010 Getting Started with DT 50 DT 500 and DT 600 series datalakers Advanced Communications Manual AUSTRALIA amp NEW ZEALAND This product complies with the requirements of Australian and New Zealand standard for EMC emissions AS NZS 3548 1992 ACN Class A 006 134 863 rUSA This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Related Products lt DeLogger 4 DeLogger Pro 4 rCANADA a DeTransfer and DePlot PMD 01 Panel Mount Display SS 500 Sensor Simulation Panel MC 1024 MC 2048 and MC 4096 SRAM Memory
27. amp Buzzer Three LEDs may be illuminated under program control for example 1 2WARN 1 3WARN 0 switches LEDs 1 and 2 ON and LED 3 OFF The buzzer is controlled by 4WARN and the display back light by SWARN These both pulse about twice per second when ON 6WARN controls the display back light but without flashing Displaying Channels When you display channel data the top line of the display shows the channel identification The default is the channel number and type If a channel identification text has been entered as a channel option then the first 16 characters of that text is displayed The bottom line on the display shows the most recent reading as a numeric value or bar graph See examples to the right If the channel has not been sampled the display shows Normally displayed channels are only up dated at report time The X switch allows the progressive display of statistical channels at the statistical scan time By default all scheduled channels are available for display and are displayed To stop display of a channel include the ND option in the channel s option list For example 1v ND won t display data in normal or list edit modes You can declare channels as intermediate working channels with the W option This makes those channels unavailable for display logging or returning to the host computer while the W w switch is set to the default w Setting the switch to W allows normal displ
28. be used with care when controlling branching or alternative processing e two alarms are required the alarm schedule scan rate must be the same as any other schedules which use the result e the alarms are executed after other schedules and so the result will not be available until the next scan of the other schedules e the standard alarms e g ALARM2 or IF2 execute the action commands each time that the alarm becomes true and not while the alarm remains true the repeat alarm e g ALARMR2 or IFR2 continues to execute the action commands while the alarm is true Alarms can also be used to activate scan schedules if test conditions are true For example the RX schedule can be activated to log data if one of the temperatures exceeds a threshold as follows BEGIN RX 1 2TK RZ1M IFR1 1TK gt 100 0 OR IFR2 2TK gt 100 0 X LOGON END The out of range temperatures will be logged at the alarm scan rate RZ1M when either temperature exceeds 100 Deg Placing Program in FLASH A datalaker program can be permanently loaded into the internal Flash memory The logger will execute the program whenever it is powered up or RESET behaving as a dedicated instrument See the Application Note Installing a dataTaker Program in Flash Memory which is available from your dataTaker supplier or from the web site at www datataker com Analog Input Configurations 1 icatinine wiing Config 1 Examples 1V
29. card into the datalaker any program on the card is normally loaded into the logger compiled and run immediately Datatakers with a display will show the message Prog You can stop automatic loading of card programs by setting the Q switch to q The program on an inserted memory card can also be loaded and run by the RUNPROG command This executes a card program immediately irrespective of the setting of the Q switch Only the F switch will prevent the execution of the RUNPROG command see Switches on page 11 Transferring Data to the Card Normally data in the internal memory is transferred to the memory card after any card program is executed The transfer can take up to 100mS datalakers with a display will show the message Append depending on whether the data is appended to existing compatible data and shows the message Xfer when the transfer occurs If the card already holds data from a different program then no transfer occurs and datalakers with a display will show the message Can t Copy Data When a single memory card is to be used to recover data and to reprogram the logger you must transfer the logged data before reprogramming This is done by using the COPY command in the program to force data transfer before the logger is reprogrammed COPY LOGOFF CLEAR CSCANS RA10M 1 5V LOGON Automatic data transfer from the internal memory to card can be prevented by placing a NOCOPY command on the first line of the
30. card program The NOCOPY action is automatically cleared when the card is removed Clearing the Memory Card The data storage and program areas on a memory card can be separately erased as follows CDATA clears all data CPROG clears the card program CTEST clears and tests entire card CDATA and CPROG commands can be executed from a card program CPROG must be the last command otherwise commands after it will be cleared from the card before execution Removing the memory card s battery for more than two minutes also clears the card Page 8 Alarms limits and tests Introduction The datalaker Alarm command will make decisions about input channels timers clock variables etc Digital outputs can be set messages issued or commands executed if an Alarm is true There are two types of Alarm command ALARM or IF acts once on transition from false to true ALARMR and IFR acts repeatedly while alarms tests true The Number of Alarms Alarms share an internal scan table of up to 110 entries with the data acquisition schedules The scan table must be partitioned before any schedules or alarms are defined with the P30 command For example P30 40 will allow the entry of 40 alarms and 110 40 70 data acquisition channels P30 defaults to 20 alarms The Scanning of Alarms By default the datalaker scans alarms as fast as possible The actual rate depends on the number of Alarms and data channels defined As a
31. channel can also be a channel sequence n m For example RA1 E will scan every 0 to 1 transition of digital input 1 RA2 3 E will scan every 1 to 0 transition of digital input channel 2 OR 3 Transitions can also be generated by ALARMs see Action Commands on page 9 Note If a counter input is preset outside of the trigger range eg 2C 10 15 then a trigger will not occur AND OPTIONALLY Trigger While condition is true A schedule s trigger can be enabled or disabled by the state of one or more digital input channels nD by appending a While to either a Time Interval or an Event nW enable while digital input nis high n mW enable if ANY digital input n to m is high Note that the colon is required For example the schedule RA1E 2W will scan on every transition of digital input one 1D only while digital input two 2D is high NOTE Digital inputs are not read while the logger is asleep and so nE nC and nW triggers will not be detected High speed counter triggers nHSC will be detected on next wake Schedule A Schedule B RA10M 1 5V RB1H 2W 1 4DS 6 9PT385 AV MX 2C R Channel Lists Any set of channels see page 4 separated by at least one space character is a Channel List For example 1 5V 6TK Boiler Temp 1DSO 1 where 1 5V is a voltage channel sequence 1 through 5 inclusive 6TK is a type K thermocouple channel named Boiler Temp and 1DSO 1 sets digital output channel 1 ON Ch
32. characters only acknowledge bell backspace tab line feed vertical tab form feed carriage return xon OONOURWNHO xoff colon semicolon not acknowledge escape gt mnv IA e underline alarms 4 20mA Loop a common measurement standard in industry A transmitter controls a current in the range of 4 to 20mA as a function of a measurement parameter Any receiver s or indicator s placed in series can output a reading of the parameter Prime advantage is two wire connection and high immunity to noise pick up Generally powered from a 24 volts supply 50 60 Hz Rejection The most common source of noise is that induced by AC power cables This noise is periodic at the line frequency Datatakers are able to reject most of this type of noise by integrating the input for exactly one line cycle period 20 0 or 16 7mS Appendix datalaker Introduction Each model in the datalaker data logger range has a number of characteristics that differentiate it from the other models This Appendix describes these characteristics for the datalaker 50 Analog Inputs 5 differential or 10 single ended can be used in any mix Sampling rate 25 samples sec Input impedance 1M or gt 100 MQ selectable Common mode range 3 5 VDC Common mode rejection gt 90 db 110 db typical Series mode line rejection gt 35 db Sensor excitation of 4 5V 250 0UA or 2 500mA each channel Full
33. computer via the host serial interface Commands can be pre recorded into a memory card and these are automatically executed whenever a memory card is inserted Display and Keypad LCD type 2 line x 16 character backlit alphanumeric e Displays the most recent channel data alarm status and system information including time battery status amount of data stored 5 key keypad for display selection scrolling and backlight Keypad also used as 4 user definable function keys 3 LEDs a beeper and a flashing LCD backlight provide for local warnings by alarms etc Operating temperature range for LCD is 5 to 65 C Integral in the Datataker 600 and 605 and Geologger 615 Also available as a separate Panel Mount Display for mounting into instrument panels and enclosure doors which connects to the Datataker 50 500 and 505 and the Geologger 515 Host Communications e RS232 full duplex isolated to 500Volt 300 1200 2400 4800 and 9600 baud switch selectable Bi directional XON XOFF protocol e Selectable high level protocol with 16 bit CRC checking e Compatible with computers terminals modems satellite ground terminals serial printers etc Network Communications not DT50 e RS485 with error correcting protocol e Connected via a twisted pair maximum 1000 metres Up to 32 loggers can be in a Datataker network with one host Power Supply e Voltage 9 18VAC or 11 24VDC external p
34. e Provision for externally supplied sensor excitation Sensor support is dependent on the datalaker model e Local internal temperature sensor monitors CEM temperature for thermocouple reference junction compensation Digital Channels Digital Inputs 20 TTL CMOS compatible digital inputs for digital state and digital byte the digital inputs do not count e Accept voltage free contact closure inputs Digital Outputs 5 normally open relay outputs rated to 110VAC DC at 5A 5 open collector outputs rated to 30VDC 200mA Power Supply Powered directly from the dataTaker power supply Enters low power mode sleeps when datalaker sleeps Current draw 100A when asleep 60mA when scanning 175mA when all output relays activated Connection to the Datataker One or two modules can be daisy chained to a single dataTaker e Interconnection by screened cable 500mm 20 inches length e Maximum total cable length 2 metres 6 feet Mechanical Specification e Robust modular construction using powder coated steel Can be used directly or housed in fixed or portable enclosures Length 270mm 10 5 inches width 110mm 4 3 inches height 50mm 2 0 inches weight 1 0kg e Signal input output connection by screw terminals Operating temperature 20 to 70 Deg C humidity 95 Page 33 datalaker Enclosures Four standard enclosures are available for housing Datataker data loggers and or Channel Expansion Modu
35. half and quarter bridges voltage or current excitation Multiplexer type solid state CMOS For each analog input type the datalaker 50 provides three decade ranges which are selected automatically Input Type Channels Range Units Resolution Diff SE DC Voltage 5 10 25 mV 1pV 250 mV 10uV 2500 mV 100V DC Current 5 15 0 25 mA 200nA 42 5 mA 1pA 25 mA 10pA Resistance 5 10 10 Ohms 0 5mQ 100 Ohms 5mQ 500 Ohms 50mQ 7000 Ohms 500MQ Frequency 5 10 0 1 20 000 Hz 0 01 Diff refers to differential or double ended channels and SE refers to single ended channels see Glossary on page 23 Digital Inputs and Outputs 5 TTL CMOS compatible digital input channels for digital state digital events low speed counters 10 Hz 16 bit presettable Digital input terminals are shared with digital output channels 5 Digital open collector outputs rated to 200mA at 30V 3 high speed counters 1KHz or 1MHz 16 bit presettable All analog channels may also be used as digital inputs with a user definable threshold Input Type Channels __ Range Digital Bit 5 0 or 1 State Digital Nibble 1 0 to 31 State LS counter 5 65535 Counts HS counter 3 65535 Counts Power Supply and Battery aiso page 15 The datalaker 50 can be powered as follows Source Range Terminal Terminal AC 9 18Vac AC DC AC DC DC 11 24Vde AC DC AC DC DC 11 24Vde AC DC Gnd 9V Alkaline Battery 6 2 10Vdc
36. independent of lead length resistance This arrangement has a sensitivity of approximately 1 ppm per active arm Full Bridge Constant Current Excitation Bridge Supply Reference channel e g 3V BR N Measurement channel e g 5BGV N 2BGV 108 Ground The external bridge supply should not exceed 2 5V unless the reference channel input is attenuated The difference between six and four wire connection is the location of the reference channel measurement point at the bridge or at the logger Six amp Four Wire Ratiometric Bridge Input 5V switched Reference channel e g 1V BR 2 Ground Measurement 2 channels e g 2 2 BGV N X 23 R 3 BGV N X This is a combination of Config 1 for the reference channel and Config 3 for measurement channels The half bridge completion resistors Rc are best located near the active bridge arms however they can be located at the logger Half and Quarter Bridge Ratiometric Input with Shared Half Bridge Completion Config 18 Examples 2 AD590 2 1 V Bottom view of iM metal can version Note Sensor power can be any 4 to 12 volt source The above arrangement is equivalent to Config 7 Differential and single ended wiring Config s 1 amp 2 with external shunts may be used AD590 Temperature Input Analog Input Configurations 2 sarin newn Examples 2LM335 2 LM335 2V 2 V optional potentiometer With internal
37. input multiplexers of some models of datalaker while the logger is in the sleep state The factory preset for these models is to power down the multiplexers in the sleep state The current saving is approximately 150yA Refer to the Appendix for your datalaker for details Powering down the multiplexer may cause problems with some sensors For inputs over about 0 5 Volts the input impedance drops from tens of megohms to hundreds of ohms This may cause current draw from sensors and possibly inject some of this current into other sensors DT505 605 515 and 615 with relay multiplexers do no have these issues since relays are open circuit when off The Wake Terminal A low state lt 0 7V on the Wake terminal will wake the logger within 300mS This can be from a relay closure or open collector NPN transistor to ground The Wake signal line has an internal 18002 pull up resistor to 5V A permanent low on the wake terminal will not prevent short periods 100mS of sleep if there is no schedule activity Only P15 2 keeps the logger permanently awake A Low Power Program You may find this framework useful when designing low power programs After RESET enter the following program P15 1 sleep if not busy P17 5 go to sleep quickly u n disable chan no and units S1 0 100 0 1000 RH define spans etc here BEGIN RS15M scan as infrequently as possible RA1H especially for statistical schedules 1v Humidity S1 AV 2
38. may be left on is that the last channel in a schedule remains selected if P15 is set to 1 or 2 This can be resolved if P15 is set to zero ora dummy channel is placed at the end of the schedule A good choice would be 1 V M18 156 W Power Consumption The Expansion Module will consume very little power if the datalaker to which it is attached is allowed to sleep While scanning channels on the expander the current drawn from the datalaker will increase to 60mA Additional current is required if the digital output relays are switched on Each of the five relays will draw 35mA however these relays are automatically switched off when the datalaker sleeps A summary of current draw is tabulated to the right Module Page 28 Condition Current sleep 100A awake no scanning or digital I O 100A digital inputs grounded 4mA scanning module s channels 60mA relay outputs set 1 5DSO 1 175mA worst case maximum 240mA 5 volts Digital Relay O Input Output Terminal Ground m Pair Digital Inputs 1 to 20 Digital Outputs 6 to 10 Digital Outputs 1 to 5 ha 270 mm i z ainm o o 250 mm Digital put Channels Y L I O ISISISHSHISHSSSPsPspsysspsg s ISINISS VSss Ssssssssss OSS Pigna ee eT BA E Expansion connector to next module 110 mm Expansion connector to previous module datalaker O O 75 mm External Excitation input
39. or displayed Statistical cannot be used in Alarms Variables Output format Hx y n mCV all above Ey lee eee eee ee a Options grouped by a bar are mutually exclusive If more than one of a mutual exclusion group is placed in a channel list then only the last is applied Terminates inputs with 1M2 to ground Un terminates inputs Configures input for a 4 wire measurement Use SE Ref terminal as common Use internal 2 500 Vref as common Gain Lock Attenuation No Attenuation Guard signal Voltage source approx 4 5V via 1KQ Current source 250 0uA Current source 2 500mA Open circuit excite terminal no excitation Special input signal routing Extra samples Reset counter timer variable after reading Channel factor Polynomial Span Intrinsic functions Difference Ax Rate of change per second Ax At Reading time difference in seconds x At Integrate x_units seconds x Ax 2 At Thermocouple reference temperature Thermocouple reference zero channel Bridge excitation voltage channel Average of channel readings Standard deviation of channel readings Maximum channel reading Minimum channel reading Time of maximum channel reading Time of minimum channel reading Date of maximum channel reading Date of minimum channel reading Integral for channel Histogram x lower limit y upper limit Assign channel reading to variable Add channel reading to variable Subtract ch
40. rule allow 40mS for each analog input and 10mS for each Channel Variable time and digital input The Alarms schedule is triggered in the same way as schedules for data acquisition see Schedules on page 3 RZ rapidly as possible default RZnS seconds RZnM minutes where n is an integer RZnH hours in range 1 to 65535 RZnD days RZnE event on either transition gt RZn E event on positive transition mR RZn E event on negative transition retro RZnC count counter event after count number RZnHSC event on any HSC counts HZ GZ Halt and Go for all Alarm scanning HZn GZn Disable and enable Alarm number n Note an Alarm disabled by an HZn command will not be enabled by the global GZ command Only the GZn command will re enable individually disabled alarms and then only if alarm scanning is enabled GZ The Listing of Alarms The STATUS3 command see page 10 returns a list of all defined alarms The keyword is in upper case ALARM for enabled alarms and in lower case alarm for disabled alarms Channels in the alarm list do not show their channel options Erasing Alarms Erase all Alarms with the CALARMS command and erase individual alarms with the CALARMn command where nis the Alarm number Polling Alarm Data Return the most recent data from an Alarm input channel by the Alarm query command n returns data for Alarm number n ALL returns data for all Alarms The data format is the same as for channel data except that ch
41. sensor power as illustrated the upper response is limited to approx 70 External power should be current limited Be aware of self heating effects a 500A sensor current can cause 1 5 error A fourth wire to the sensor s negative pin in place of the link will improve accuracy Single ended input as in Config s 2 amp 3 LM335 Temperature Input Examples E E KOE Ms 5 LM35 Bottomvew NUtomvo L Ral gt of TO92 case j This configuration limits the sensor s lower range to approx 10F and 10T for the LM34 and LM35 respectively due to the lack of a pull down capacity Accuracy is improved if the link is replaced by a fourth wire to the sensor s negative pin Without the link the sensor is read as a single ended input as in Config s 2 amp 3 Sensor power may be externally derived eg 5V to free the Excite terminal LM34 amp LM35 Temperature Input Examples 2LM35 5V V This arrangement allows full range measurement Multiple single ended sensor connection Config 3 is possible by connecting the LM35 negative pins to SE ref The diodes can be shared Sensor power can also be derived from external sources This resistor may be needed to prevent sensor oscillation with long leads See manufacturer s data National Semiconductor Corp for more details LM34 amp LM35 Temperature Input Digital Configurations Examples 1 4DS 3C R 1PE The digital and counter inputs both employ 10KQ pull up resisto
42. three wire RTD However this configuration has the disadvantages of a single ended vibrating wire connection If the temperature sensor is of high resistance type then the following is preferred Channel Terminals Differential vibrating wire with two wire RTD It is possible to use the copper coil in the vibrating wire gauge as a temperature sensor provided a three wire connection is used Channel Terminals 1FW 1CU 135 Differential vibrating wire with three wire copper RTD The gauge is read as 1FW and the temperature as 1CU 135 where the 135 channel factor is the coils resistance at 0 Appendix Channel Expansion Module Introduction The Channel Expansion Module provides increased channel capacity for dataTakers fitted with an expansion connector The channel measurement specifications of the datalaker also apply to the Channel Expansion Module This particularly applies to the analog input voltage ranges While the expansion module has a relay multiplexer capable of withstanding voltages in excess of 500 volts if for example it is connected to a dataTaker 500 and 600 the maximum allowable input voltage remains 4 volts Analog Inputs 10 differential or 30 single ended or any mix Channel characteristics identical to dateaTaker to which the module is attached Channels have 500 volt isolation while not being read Input impedance 1M or gt 100 MQ selectable Sensor excitation of 4 5V 250 0
43. time and date if the realtime clock is changed For example if the time and date are set to 13 45 53 and 25 12 01 the System Timers are set to 1ST 53 2ST 45 3ST 13 and 4ST 2 Tuesday System Timer range and initial value can be changed nST range R initial Timer range can be set between 1 65535 If a new range is set the timer is initialised to a value calculated from the previous midnight or Sunday Timers can also be assigned an initial value or expression If the initial value is greater than the range then the timer is set to zero at the next increment The R resets the timer to zero when it is read Introduction Channels and Variables can be sampled frequently and statistical data returned at longer intervals see Statistical Sub schedule on page 3 The channels are sampled at the RS schedule interval default is 1 second for the period between report times and the statistical data is generated and returned at report time Channels that require statistical sampling must include a Channel Option to indicate the statistical information to generate These Channel Options are Option Description Appended to Units AV average Ave SD standard deviation SD MX maximum Max MN minimum Min TMX time of maximum Tmx TMN time of minimum Tmn DMX date of maximum Dmx DMN date of minimum Dmn INT integral Int Hx y n mCV histogram none The statistical option is defined by including it as a channe
44. with units of parts per million Vout 108 Vex where the Vout term is measured as a voltage while the Vex term is measured by a reference channel for voltage excitation but is calculated for constant current excitation Convert to other engineering units with a Polynomial Span or calculations see page 7 Reading Bout ppm Strain Gauges Strain gauges change resistance when stretched or compressed and are commonly wired in a bridge The strain to resistance relationship is where AL and L are the length change and initial length and AR and R are the gauge resistance change and initial resistance G is the Gauge Factor a measure of the sensitivity of the gauge Typical foil gauges have a Gauge Factor of 2 0 which means that if they are stretched by 1 IC Temperatu re Sensors wiring configs 18 19 20 21 Page 17 Formula Channel Factor Sensor Slope Pivot Tp AD590 0 273 15 Series resistor R Q RxC LM335 0X 273 15T Attenuation factor A AxC LM34 OF 17 78T Calibration factor C LM35 0T Calibration factor C The calibration factor is calculated from the pivot temperature Tp the temperature error AT and the temperature T of the calibration siena G T Tp All temperatures must be of the same units Example For the AD590 sensor the channel factor represents the value of the series resistor used to measure the output current the default value is 100 09 Without changing th
45. you do not define them elsewhere P 10 Mo re Commands getting system information cl TEST STATUS2 returns the scan schedules The TEST command forces a calibration and checks the functionality of the hardware A none Scan Schedules Active Halted The TESTR command will force continuous calibrations The information returned to the host RA15M 1TT Room Temp computer is Returned Data Output Fo rmat how your data is presented Introduction The datalaker has many ways to format data returned to the computer and display Data format is controlled globally by the following Parameters and Switches see also page 11 H__ fixed format mode defaults off see Advanced Comms Manual U include units text appended to the data defaults on N_ include channel number and type ID before data defaults on L_ include logger number before scan data defaults off C__ include channel type C or number only c defaults on D_ include scan date at beginning of returned data defaults off T include scan time at beginning of returned data defaults off P22 data delimiter in u mode default 32 a Space P24 scan delimiter in u mode default 13 a Carriage Return Note A Line Feed character ASCII 10 is always added to a Carriage Return ASCII 13 P31 date format see Date on page 6 P32 maximum number of significant digits 0 to 9 default is 5 P33 defines a fixed field width for output data default 0 variable P38
46. 022 0 052 6 5 Hz 0 061 6 5 Hz 30kHz 30 kHz 0 0022 0 052 0 65 Hz 0 061 0 65 Hz 3kHz 3 kHz 0 0022 0 052 0 065 Hz 0 061 0 065 Hz 300Hz 0 3 kHz 0 0022 0 052 0 007 Hz 0 061 0 007 Hz TIME 24 hrs 1 sec 0 03 sec per day 6 3 sec per day 0 78 sec per month 3 16 min per month USING THE ACCURACY TABLE ABOVE TEMPERATURE LM35 0 013 C 0 00 45 C 2 00 H5 C Example 1 Calculate the resolution when measuring a frequency of 25kHz THERMOCOUPLES Reference Un Trimmed From the Frequency Range 30kHz row above 25mV range 0 04 C 0 06 2 7 C 0 16 2 7 C Resolution 0 0022 of Full Scale 250mV range 0 43 0 06 4 6 C 0 17 44 6 C 0 022 of 30kHz THERMOCOUPLES Reference Trimmed 0 66Hz minimum ADC step 25mV range C 0 04 C 0 06 14 2 0 16 1 2 C i 250mV range Pa 043 C 10 06 BI K 40 17 1 Example 2 Calculate the tolerance in measuring a frequency of 25kHz at 25 C From the Frequency Range 30kHz row above RTDS Wire Tol in the reading at 25 C of Full Scal Offset Pt100 1009 lt 51 0 01 C 40 10 4017 40 17 4017 olerance in the reading a of Full Scale Offset Pt100 5002 51 600 C 013 C 40 15 0 82 C 40 24 0 82 C 40 052 of 30kHz 0 65Hz Ni1000 7K C 0 10 C 0 20 0 57 C 0 31 0 57 C 15 6Hz 0 65Hz Cu135 500 C 0 14 0 15 0 84 C 0 24 0 84 C 16 3Hz A DT505 605 515 and 615 only Thermoco
47. 1 4 million readings The internal memory acts as a buffer for the Memory Card so that data is not lost during card changes The datalaker stops logging when both memories are full Overwrite mode allows continuous logging with the oldest data overwritten by new readings See Data Logging and Retrieval on page 8 and Switches O on page 11 You can selectively log channels see Channel Options Output format on page 5 Logging begins after you issue a LOGON command Time and date stamping is automatic The datalaker does everything possible to avoid data loss caused by careless use However it does respond to the RESET CLEAR CLAST CTEST and CDATA commands which will erase data from memory without question Be very careful Data Retrieval page 8 Data stored in internal memory or Memory Card can be retrieved via the RS232 Comms or Network ports Data stored in a Memory Card can also be retrieved using a Memory Card Reader or the PC Card slot in a notebook PC The Operating Environment The datalFaker is an electronic instrument Electronics and water do not mix Condensation can be a serious problem in the tropics and in cooler areas where wide temperature variations are possible Use a sealed case and include sachets of silica jell to avoid problems If your datalaker gets wet immediately disconnect the power and batteries and dry the logger in a warm place If the datalaker has come into contact with salt water rinse
48. 1 to 100 7 Divide J NOTE These actions occur only at report times and not during statistical sampling 0to6 8 e g FF2 returns 71 46 mV 0to6 8 e g FE2 returns 7 14e1 mV O0to6 8 Uses exponential format if exponent is less than 4 or greater than n ascii text 8 Replaces the channel type text returned to host when enabled by C U N and on the top line of the display if present 8 Channels tagged with NR are not returned to the host computer Useful for display channels e g Bar Graphs that need special formatting 8 Channels tagged with NL are not logged but they are returned to the host computer 8 Channels tagged with ND cannot be displayed on the LCD screen if present in either normal or display list modes 8 Channels declared as intermediate working channels are not reported or displayed unless the working switch is on W They are not logged 1e18 8 Plots a bar graph on display x lower limit and y upper limit see Bar Graph on page 12 aS Poly amp Span index shared a total of 20 allowed Order of Application this column indicates the order in which the options are applied This order is independent of the order you list the options For example the table shows that the logger evaluates a polynomial Yn before a difference DF Realtime Clock The datalaker has a hardware clock that is backed up by the system lithium battery The clock maintains time and date during RESET and power down A Time and Date s
49. 29 29 X receive 0110 This method retains most of the simplicity of method 1 but is faster up to 20 channels every two seconds 4 Poll all alarms on a logger by the ALL command see Polling Alarm Data on page 9 This is similar to the previous method but is faster at 30 channels every two seconds 5 By frequent Unloads see Data Logging and Retrieval on page 8 This method uses the dataTaker data memory as an expanded output buffer that is cleared after each unload by the CLAST command For example program allloggers u n P25 42 program logger 21 21 RA10S 2V 3 4TT LOGON logger29 29 RA10S 3R 1 4DS LOGON unload logger 21 21 U receive 156 54 23 5 28 9 receive 157 33 23 3 29 7 clear data 21 CLAST unload logger 29 29 U receive 105 60110 receive 104 40010 clear data 29 CLAST The unload steps are repeated for the duration of the monitoring task This method ensures regular sampling by normal schedules 6 By synchronous returns from all loggers that have been programmed by standard schedules RA RB RC and RD This is the most flexible method as it allows each logger full control of the schedule scanning However in order to work it requires that the host software use more sophisticated data routing and time stamping techniques 7 The use of the fixed format mode H is recommended for real time networks See Fixed Format Mode on page 10 and the Advanced Communications Manual Power and Batte
50. 4 0 or 1 State Digital Nibble 1 0 to 15 State LS counter 4 65535 Counts HS counter 3 65535 Counts COMMS Pot aso page 13 The datalaker 505 and datalaker 605 RS232 COMMS Port is serial RS232 compatible The output signal level is approximately 4 Volts allowing communications over distances in access 100 meters at 1200 baud Greater distances are possible at 300 baud The maximum practical distance is also dependent on the host computer s RS232 characteristics Note the RS232 standard specifies 2000pF maximum cable capacitance and no maximum distance The datalaker 505 and datalaker 605 RS232 COMMS Portis electrically isolated to 500V RS232 COMMS Connector N C N C oc a 11 24Vde X N C N TxD o N C N C Interfac OJ Ground Di US 60Hz n Other 50Hz External DC Power switch Shown set to the factory defaults External g Battery t AA Lithium Battery on lower circuit board Page 26 Power Supply and Battery The datal ker 505 and 605 can be powered by Power Consumption The datalaker 505 and 605 will consume very little Source Range Terminal Terminal power if it is allowed to Seep Less power i oranes if ne logger is powered via the battery terminals rather than the AC 9 18Vac AC DC AC DC AC DC Power terminals This is because the battery charger DC 11 24Vde AC DC AC DC circuit draws additional current DC 11 24Vde AC DC Gnd 2
51. 9V Alkaline Battery 6 2 10Vdc Alkaline Bat Power Source Condition Current typical 6V Gel Cell Battery 5 6 8Vdc Lead Bat battery awake 220mA The gel cell connection provides temperature compensated battery sleep 0 36mA charging with voltage 6 90V and current 1A limiting for a AC DC awake 230mA three cell battery when an AG or DC supply is also connected AC DC awake amp charging 600mA It is not recommended to connect both an internal and an AC DC sleep 5mA external 6V 9V battery Better that the external battery is a AC DC sleep amp charging 400mA larger capacity 12V battery connected as External DC Power The simplified schematic on page 25 for the datalaker 500 and 600 is also applicable to the dataTaker 505 Battery life for the dataTaker 505 and 605 is about one third longer than that of the datalaker 500 and GOO and 605 for slow scan rates gt 30 min See Battery Life on page 15 A Bat MO 1 Alkaline 1 Alkaline Bat at 710 2 Bat 2 Bat External Batter o tevac Q end peste Sattory 3 Lead 3 Lead 6 9V Gel Cell External AC Power or 9V Alkaline Internal Gel Cell Battery Internal Alkaline Battery Headphone Socket 2 Digital Counters Analog Channels Geologger versions DS i Rs232comMs 39 e ee MG OO Wee x Port Isolated Z POTT oO SR R R R Channel Expansion Connector Internal Battery
52. Alkaline T Bat AL External Battery Digital Counters vO Page 25 6 9V Switch Mode Regulator 9 2mV T 6 9V Lead Connections 5 at Bat LO Bat Alkaline Gnd 7 Gnd Power Consumption The datalaker 500 and 6OO use little power if allowed to sleep Less power is used i via the battery terminals rather than the logger is powered the AC DC terminals because the battery charger circuit draws additional current Current typical Power Source Condition battery awake 100mA battery sleep 0 36mA AC DC awake 105mA AC DC awake amp charging 600mA AC DC sleep 5mA AC DC sleep amp charging 500mA Caution To avoid damage use 6Volt lead acid battery only ensure correct polarity before connecting the battery 5 4 3 2 1 Analog Channels a 2 ja O ani i raaa 3215 R RR RR RR F Internal Batter mm Connector 3 Country Setting A format see Date on page 6 0 0 0 0 ol ol ol ol 0 0 0 0 See Baud Rate and Address range to 0 15 o x don t care The Country Setting determines the default integration period 16 7mS for US and 20mS for others for the analog to digital converter and the default date Baud Rate and Address Dip switch four s4 is not available for setting the address if 300 or 9600 baud rate is selected This reduces the addres
53. Alkaline Bat 6V Gel Cell Battery 5 6 8Vdc Lead Bat The external 6 Volt gel cell connection provides temperature compensated charging with voltage 6 90V and current 1A limiting for a three cell battery when an external AC or DC power supply is also connected When the dataTaker 50 is powered by a 9V alkaline battery and an external AC or DC source the 6 9V regulator s see schematic output is increased to 10V so that power is drawn from the external source in preference to the battery DT50 COMMS Pott aso page 13 The datalaker 50 RS232 COMMS Port is serial RS232 compatible The output signal level is approximately 4 Volts allowing communications over distances in access 100 meters at 1200 baud Greater distances are possible at 300 baud The maximum practical distance is also dependent on the host computer s RS232 characteristics Note the RS232 standard specifies 2000pF maximum cable capacitance and no maximum distance The datalaker 50 RS232 COMMS Port is electrically isolated to 500V Analog Input Channels 1 to 4 RS232 COMMS Port Isolated RS232 COMMS ne Nc Olis ee 6 TxD N C Do a we OD Interface Ground Memory Card Dip Switch Shown set to the factory defaults Page 24 Country Setting The Country Setting determines the default integration period 16 7mS for US and 20mS for others for the analog to digital converter and the default date format see
54. Channel Options generate additional reports This is particularly useful for statistical reports see Schedules on page 3 and display formatting see Channel Options on page 5 The first Channel Option set determines how the channel is sampled and must include all sampling options required for the channel These Channel Options are listed above the 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 internal 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 25 23 24 23 24 internal 22 22 22 CMOS level also F K R see P36 on page 11 Config Line in the Channel Options table on page 5 If Ce statistical options are included K then each option list in the Ca C multiple report MUST hold a 2 cS statistical option e Common mode range 3 5V Common mode range 100V DT505 515 605 615 only The internal 100 02 shunts are between Return and Ground Terminals eg 3 1 5 L S2 Four wire configuration requires 4W option Four wire full bridge use 4W option see Bridges page 17 External completion required for 1 2 amp 1 4 bridges 0 102Hz to 20kHz use 2V option for 0 5 volt single ended inputs but for low level 100mV input to 300kHz Geologger DT515 and DT615 models only See Time and Date sections on page 6 Increment every sec 1ST min 2ST hr 3ST day 4ST See Thermocouples on page 16 Three wire is the default connection see RTDs on page 16 however a 4 wire connection 4W J
55. Datataker s internal memor 23 456 23 5 2 346e1 23 5 23 46 166530 0 Internal Data Points Free Stored y 0 025 0 0 2 542e 2 0 0 0 03 343980 0 Card Data Points Free Stored 00 11 33 on 05 03 2002 00 13 00 on 19 03 2001 Internal 1034 6 1034 6 1 035e3 1e3 1034 64 4090 0 Program Characters Free Stored data Start End times n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Note that the default format depends on the channel type returning the data See the Channel Types table on page 4 especially the resolution column Formatting options are not applied to the 99999 9 error data code see Error Messages on page 21 Parameter P33 allows returned data to be in fixed fields All data is placed into fields of the same width defined by P33 space padded to the left If the field width is not sufficient least significant characters are truncated from the right Fixed fields are useful when returned data is to be tabulated or forwarded to software with a simple string parser AREON ELEI BATUR TUNEN SAONE ASLEN TINK YLE STATUS13 returns the time and date of the first and last data points stored in The first line shows the datal ker s address see Networking on page 14 and an inserted memory card Firmware version The line of switches indicates the current switch settings see 00 11 33 on 05 03 2002 00 13 00 on 19 03 2002 External Switches on page 11 Use the u switch to make STATUS results less verbose data Start eae Pee ay 103 The remainin
56. ELELEE www dataTaker com eee R NEIERE KE keeping an eye on reality User s Manual DT50 DT500 DT600 Series datafakers Series 3 gt A concise reference to e data acquisition e data logging e programming e sensor wiring e communications datalaker Pty Ltd Warranty dataTaker Pty Ltd warrants the instruments it manufactures against defects in materials or workmanship for a period of 3 years from the date of delivery to the original customer This warranty is limited to the replacement or repair of such defects without charge when the instrument is returned to dataTaker Pty Lid or to one of its authorized dealers This warranty excludes all other warranties express or implied and is limited to a value not exceeding the purchase price of the instrument Where dataTaker Pty Ltd supplies equipment or items manufactured by a third party then the warranty provided by the third party manufacturer remains dataTaker Pty Lid shall not be liable for any incidental or consequential loss or damages resulting from the use of the instrument or for damage to the instrument resulting from accident abuse improper implementation lack of reasonable care or loss of parts Warning dataTaker Pty Lid products are not authorized for use as critical components in any life support system where failure of the product is likely to effect its safety or effectiveness Trademarks datalaker is a trademark of dataTaker Pty Ltd Windows is
57. For non isolated datalakers this can be as low as 5 volts relative to ground In applications where scanning is infrequent say not more than every 3 hours the probability of a scan being co incident with a lightning strike is very low Where lightning is frequent we strongly recommend that external energy absorbing lightning protection be wired to each sensor line Further we recommend that datalakers with higher withstanding voltages be used Thermocouples The Channel Expansion Module has been designed to function with thermocouples The module s temperature sensor is located so that it senses the temperature of the analog channel screw terminals These terminals become the reference junction The datalaker will automatically measure the module s temperature and electrical zero when scanning a thermocouple channel on the module These values are used for reference junction compensation The accuracy of thermocouple measurement is dependent on the isothermal condition of the reference junction If a temperature gradient develops between the modules temperature sensor and the input terminals the error will approximately equal the temperature difference The module utilises relays for channel selection and digital output These are a source of heat as each relay dissipates 150mW when switched on For maximum thermocouple accuracy you should ensure that these relays are not left on unnecessarily A not so obvious reason that a relay
58. PT385 Air temp 4W AV 1CV RZ1H set alarm rate if using alarms IF 1CV gt 25 LOGON IF 1CV lt 20 LOGOFF END RS232 COMMS activity can be reduced to save power by setting the x switch see Switches R on page 11 Lithium Battery Replacement Thet AA lithium battery maintains the real time clock and internal data memory when datalaker is not powered This battery must be replaced every 2 years The lithium battery is located on the lower printed circuit board and the logger must be disassembled to replace the battery Battery Life The battery life that can be achieved by the datalaker depends on scan interval including alarm and statistical scans number of analog channels number of digital channels number of alarms sensor excitation power draw complexity of any calculations baud rate A precise calculation is very involved but the chart below gives a conservative estimation of battery life for different operational conditions ee ee Battery Life for DT50 and DT500 600 models by RY Number of Channels Scanned at Regular Intervals RY Page 15 The chart makes certain assumptions all channels are scanned at the same rate alarms are scanned at same rate as channels default switch and parameter settings sensor current draw is less than 5mA and is switched 80 of battery energy is available battery shelf life is long baud rate is 1200 If your operation arrangements vary great
59. RESET This report is a list of comma separated items providing details about the w5 datalaker program In order they are Program ID Base year Time resolution CDATA Card status Current string followed by Schedule fields that identify individual channels their format and their units If there is no program the following is returned STATUS 0 0 0 0 lt A gt lt B gt lt C gt lt D gt lt X gt The STATUS command returns the status of the dateTaker s schedules channels Refer to the Advanced Communications Manual for detailed description alarms memory and logging to the computer Typical returned information Data Numeric Format The numeric format of data is set for channels by channel options FFn Fixed point n number of decimal places n 0 7 FEn Exponential n number of significant digits n 0 7 FMn Mixed FF or FE formats Uses FE format if exponent is less than 4 or greater than n n 0 7 Examples of the numeric format channel options for returned data Default FF1 FE3 FM1 FM2 STATUS11 returns information about the program on an inserted memory card The format is the same as for STATUS10 Refer to the Advanced Communications Manual for a detailed description Datataker 0 Version 7 xx A none Scan Schedules Active Halted 0 0 Alarms Active Halted 0 Polynomials Spans Defined STATUS12 returns the time and date of the first and last data points stored in Logging is OFF the
60. RTD Resistance Temperature Detector A resistive sensor that changes resistance with changes in temperature see page 15 Resolution is defined as the number of bits that the ADC uses to represent the analog signal The greater the resolution the smaller the changes in the input signal that can be resolved Sample Speed is the maximum rate at which analog to digital conversions can be done This must include any channels selection time settling time for the signal to stabilise and processing time if required Shield a conductor surrounding input signal wires that is generally connected to a data logger s ground The purpose is to shield the input signal from capacitively coupled electrical noise Such a shield provides little protection from magnetically induced noise Thermocouple a temperature sensing device constructed from dissimilar metals See page 15 Transducer a device which converts a physical parameter such as temperature into an electrical voltage or current It is usually a sensor with additional electronics for signal conditioning and scaling Voltage to Frequency Converter a device which converts an analog voltage into a train of digital pulses with a frequency proportional to the input voltage The frequency is then measured digitally This method which is used by the datalaker provides integration over the sampling time and good noise rejection Page 23 ASCII Decimal Equivalents special
61. SIO bus failure e CEM or Display cable too long e return logger for service E34 function key command error bad declaration of function key E35 Card Faulty card may have an electrical fault E36 CLAST not valid due to use of schedule UNLOAD E38 address error Network address out of range 0 to 31 E40 no data found _ No logged data to unload in specified time interval Error Category S E41 program area full attempt to store gt 4090 program char s in card E42 no card inserted no memory card inserted into card socket memory card not fully inserted memory card battery discharged memory card failure E43 RS485 chip failure RS485 Network interface hardware has failed e return logger for service E44 network transmission error e network integrity is failing a logger on the network has failed e network traffic heavy E45 remote logger not found or network failure there is no logger with address specified logger at address specified has failed local logger not connected to the network e network cable is broken or wiring error E46 ROM checksum error ROM has failed checksum test Datataker may behave strangely e return logger for service E47 user string error incorrect declaration text E48 channel list fixed e channel list has been secured fixed by F enter f to enable changes E51 ALARM command error alarm number out of range defined by P30 e
62. T a x x Schedule ID Trigger Channel List Schedule ID datalaker provides four distinct types of schedules which are identified by their schedule ID RA RB RC RD triggered schedules RX polled schedule X from host RS statistical sub schedule RZ alarm schedule see page 9 The schedule identifier except for the RX schedule is followed by a trigger a Time Interval or an Event and optionally a While condition If there is no schedule ID or trigger then the channel list up to the next carriage return is scanned once immediately If the trigger is omitted then the channel list is scanned as rapidly as possible until halted Trigger by Time Interval An integer number of seconds minutes hours or days defines a schedule scan interval ns seconds nD days M minutes nH hours none as rapidly as possible where n is in the range 1 to 65535 For example RASS will scan every 5 seconds The first scan occurs on the next multiple of the interval since last midnight see Synchronise to Midnight in column 3 beside OR Trigger on Events Digital inputs nDS excluding CEM low speed counters nC and high speed counters nHCS can also trigger scans nE trigger on and transitions of a digital input n E trigger on transition of a digital input n E trigger on transition of a digital input nC c trigger after c counts on a low speed counter nHSC trigger after ANY counts on a high speed counter where n is a digital
63. al connection 1 15 24 25 26 consumption 15 26 printer on COMS port 14 program branching 18 program in EPROM 18 programming from cards 8 protect program F 11 pulse output nDSO f 4 R 1 4 U pulse generator nHSCO 0 18 Q quit Unload 8 V radians 7 RAM card 8 12 rate of change 5 reference junction 5 16 28 W relational operators 7 RESET command 10 resetting counters R 4 5 18 resistance measurement 4 16 19 resolution 4 17 23 retrieval of data 8 RS232 RS423 13 RTD s 4 19 28 X Page 36 sampling order 3 time P11 8SV 6 11 scan interval 3 order 3 trigger 3 schedules 3 scrolling display 12 self heating of sensors 17 sensor wiring 4 19 20 settling time P10 7SV 6 11 shunts current 4 17 19 sign on message 12 SIGNOFF command 13 single ended input 4 19 22 reference input 4 19 22 span scaling Sn 6 speaker V 28 statistical sub schedule 3 STATUS command 10 status screens 12 stop bits 1 13 storage capacity 8 straingauges 17 switches 11 synchronised scanning S 3 system timers NST 4 6 system variables n SV 4 6 temperature sensors 4 16 19 28 units P36 11 TEST command 10 text string 6 thermistors YSn 4 16 thermocouples TJ TT etc 4 16 time T 1 6 triggers 3 units text 3 4 11 unloading data U 8 variables n CV 4 7 version number of ROM 10 vibrating wire gauges n FW 4 27 voltage input 4 19 waking by COMS port
64. alf and Quarter 13 14 Bridge 4 wire Full Constant Current 15 Bridge 6 wire Full Voltage Excitation 16 17 Copper RTD 9 10 11 12 Counter Input Low Speed 22 Counter Input High Speed 22 Current Input with External Shunt 8 8a Current Input with Internal Shunt 7 Current Loop 4 20mA External Shunt 8 8a Current Loop 4 20mA Internal Shunt 7 Differential Voltage Input 1 4 Digital Input 22 Digital Input on an Analog Input 25 Digital Output 23 24 Frequency Input 1 2 3 4 5 6 25 Guard Screening 1 LED on Digital Output 24 LM34 LM35 20 LM335 19 Nickel RTD 9 10 11 12 Phase with AC Option 2 4 Phase Encoder 22 Platinum RTD 9 10 11 Potentiometer 13 Relay on Digital Output 24 Resistance Input 2 wire 11 12 Resistance Input 3 wire 10 Resistance Input 4 wire 9 Single Ended Voltage Input 2 4 Single Ended Voltage External Ref 3 5 Thermistor 9 10 11 12 Thermocouple 1 2 3 Vibrating Wire Sensors 1 2 Voltage Input 1 2 3 4 5 6 Note the number references relate to the wiring configuration Error Messages nep Introduction The datalaker returns a message when it detects an error in a command an error in an input channel or an operational difficulty The form of the error report is controlled by the U switch The default is the verbose form shown in the table below If the switch is set to u the error message is reduced to an error number e g E3 Note this Switc
65. also provides a signal voltage between two wires except that one of the wires must be at ground potential On the datalaker this grounded wire is connected to the channel s R terminal R for return The other signal wire is connected to any one of the other three terminals To patch a single ended channel the channel number is given a suffix indicating the terminal to which the second wire is connected For example a single ended voltage input applied to channel one between the R and terminals would be patched by the channel definition 1 V You can apply three single ended inputs to each datalaker channel These use the suffix s and asterisk Thus the three single ended voltage inputs on channel one would be 1 V 1 V and 1 V Note that the single ended input in not supported on the DT50 Sensor Excitation Many sensors require power or excitation to enable them to output a signal For example to read the temperature of a thermistor a temperature dependent resistor excitation current is passed through the thermistor to generate a voltage drop that is then measured The datalaker has three excitation sources 250pA 2 50mA and 4V These are output from the excite terminal of each channel when the channel is read This action is automatic for most sensor types but may also be evoked as a Channel Option Analog to Digital Conversion The datalaker converts input signals to a frequency and then measures the frequ
66. an expander prefix is added The prefix is the module number and a colon The module connected to the datalaker is module number one the next module in the chain is number two Some examples are 1 5V module 1 analog channel 5 voltage 2 1 3DS module 2 digital channels 1 to 3 2 4DSO 1 module 2 digital output channel 4 The module number is also attached to data returned by the datalaker The above channels will return data as 1 5V 23 452mvV 2 1DS 1 State 2 2DS 0 State 2 3DS 1 State As with all data returned by the datalaker the channel identification can be switched off using the n switch Internal Channels Each Channel Expansion Module has two internal channels a temperature and an electrical zero channel e 1 LM35 expander temperature channel e 2 V electrical zero channel where e is the expander number and the percent symbol indicates an internal channel High Voltage Protection The Channel Expansion Module does not include built in energy absorbing lightning protection However with certain important conditions all analog channel terminals except for the return R terminals are capable of withstanding 1 5KV for 10S 500V for 50mS and 100V indefinitely The return terminal can withstand only 5 of these voltages The above withstanding voltages apply only to unselected channels While a channel is being read a process that typically takes 30mS these withstanding voltages are reduced to those of the datalaker
67. annel number is replaced by the Alarm Number For example 5 will return A5 123 4 Deg C ALARM5 4 L S3 lt gt 110 0 150 0 10S 1DSO 4DSO Boiler Temp RA2S Alarm Number The Alarm Number identifies the alarm If you enter two alarms with the same number the second overwrites the first The Alarm Number must not be greater than the P30 value see Number of Alarms The Alarm Number is also used to poll for current alarm data values with the n command see Polling Alarm Data and in the HZn GZn and CALARMn commands Channel Definition Any input channel type with options see Channel Types on page 4 or Channel Variable or System Timer Time Date System Variable etc can be the input to Alarm commands Conditional Test The input channel or Channel Variable is compared with one or two comma separated set points The set points can be a floating point constant or a Channel Variable The number of set points depends on the logical operator Operator Set Points Operation lt 1 less than set point gt 1 greater than or equal to set point lt gt 2 less than first set point OR greater than or equal to second set point gt lt 2 greater than or equal to first set point AND less than second set point The following example shows use of a conditional test ALARM3 2V gt 660 0 4DSO When the voltage on channel 2 equals or exceeds 660 0mV the digital output channel 4 is turned ON When the volta
68. annel reading from variable Multiply variable by channel reading Divide variable by channel reading Fixed point n decimal places Exponential n significant digits Mixed FF and FE n decimal places User defined channel name text No return No log cannot be used in Alarms No display Working or intermediate channel Bar graph current previous reading comma separated no spaces allowed and in any order When the same channel is listed more than once each listing is treated as a separate entity with options applying only to the listing in which they are placed Page 5 Channel Number Channel Type This example configures the logger for 4 S 4 wire 4W resistance measurement of an ar a RTD temperature sensor The sensor is a platinum temperature sensor PT385 which 5PT385 4W 200 0 Steam Temp FFO has a 2000 resistance at 0 The channel Channel Options is labelled Steam Temp for output and S i A o O FFO sets the output resolution to 1 The amp AY amp eS pad data is returned as SF Ke Y N Steam Temp 266 DegC QP oO Ss es of instead of the default Provides input bias current path Defaults ON for most differential inputs and off for single ended types 5PT385 265 7 DegC nput impedance gt 100MQ Signal source must provide input bias current path approx 5nA Default resistance amp constant current bridge BGI measurement method is by a three wire method Four wire method is usua
69. annels are processed left to right Triggered Schedules Triggered schedules begin with the schedule identifiers RA RB RC or RD They scan their channel lists at intervals and times determined by the trigger see left Polled Schedule Channels in the RX schedule are scanned and reported only when the host computer or an ALARM see Action Commands on page 9 issues the X command The RX schedule will not accept a trigger Entering Schedules szcrw enn The reporting schedules RA RB RC RD and RX must be entered as a group If extending over more than one line they must be between the keywords BEGIN and END asin BEGIN RA10S 4TT Oven Temp 5TK Flue Temp RB1S 1C Gas Flow END Each line can be up to 254 characters long Channels on lines without a schedule header are included in the previous schedule A carriage return must terminate each line and separate last channel definition and next schedule header When the BEGIN keyword is received then all schedules including alarms are Halted and previous RA RB RC RD and RX schedules are deleted unless data logging is enabled see Data Logging on page 8 the scan schedules are locked see F on page 11 or the memory contains data The BEGIN END construct may contain blank lines and any other datalTaker commands these are executed on entry When the END is received the original Halt Go state is restored You cannot append additional channels to a s
70. ansion and display options All models support the same signal types and sensors and have the same capabilities for acquiring manipulating and logging data The datalaker data loggers are suitable for applications in industry science agriculture the environment hydrography and the public utilities Features Comparison of the datalaher Data Loggers datalaker 50 datalaker 500 datalaker 600 datalaker 505 datalaker 605 Page 30 The datalaker data loggers can be installed locally and communicate directly with a local host computer or can be installed in remote locations and communicate to a base host computer by various telemetry options including PSTN cellular networks and radio The Geologger 515 and 675 data loggers have the same specification as the datalahker series However these loggers also support vibrating wire strain gauges which are the active elements of a wide range of pressure sensors load sensors displacement sensors etc that are commonly used in geotechnical mining and structural applications GeoLogger 515 GeoLogger 615 Analog Channels Differential 5 10 or Single Ended 10 30 Multiplexer Solid State Solid State Resolution 15 bit 1pV 15 bit 1pV Common Mode Range 3 5V 3 5V Volts Current 4 20mA Resistance Vv Vv Frequency Period Vv Y Thermocouple Support 11 types 11 types RTD Support Pt Cu Ni Vv Vv Bridges Strain Gauge Support Vv Vv Vibrating Wire Support x x Digital Channels I
71. arms Alarms for monitoring channels and variables for high and low alarm inside and outside of range alarm with definable setpoints Alarms can be combined by AND OR and XOR operators e Optional delay period before an out of range condition is considered a true alarm or recovery considered a true recovery Alarms can switch digital outputs control display panel LEDs return alarm messages to the host trigger scanning and execute Datataker commands Data Storage Battery backed internal RAM stores up to 166 530 readings e Supports removable PC Card PCMCIA memory cards 1Mbyte stores up to 343 980 readings 2Mbyte stores up to 693 420 readings 4Mbyte stores up to 1 392 300 readings e Stack and circular buffer overwrite data storage modes No data loss when memory cards are exchanged Stored data can be returned for individual scanning schedules and for selectable date and time periods Data Format All data in ASCII floating point fixed point or exponential formats e Data format is user configurable for channel identification data resolution units text and delimiters Selectable host computer data format with bi directional error detection protocol Data Compatibility e Compatible with spreadsheets graphics and statistical packages e Compatible with most computers modems radio and satellite Programming All programming is by simple descriptive commands which are entered from a host
72. at 1TJ 384 7 Deg C 2TJ 335 2 Deg C 3TJ 367 1 Deg C The datalaker has the flexibility to handle complex tasks and so if you want to perform more complex tasks you ll need to learn about the datalaker command set The more familiar you are with the datalaker the better you ll be able to use it Explore in detail the features that are of most interest Successful Data Logging Data logging is an orderly process and should be undertaken in a systematic way Clearly define the purpose for data logging so that the data you collect maximises the knowledge gained Consider the following identify the parameters to be measured select sensors and number of channels determine sensor output scaling determine how data is to be processed and reported decide on sample frequency minimise redundancy calculate volume of data to be collected decide method of data recovery and archiving consider power consumption When you have defined the task you can connect sensors and program the datalaker Sensor Connection pages 4 19 20 You must know the output signal for each sensor Make sure that the input to the datalaker does not exceed ratings As a general rule the voltage on any analog input terminal should be within 3 5 to 3 5 Vdc relative to datalaker ground dataTaker models with a relay multiplexer and attenuator can accept higher input levels Select the most appropriate Channel Type for each sensor from the tabl
73. atalaker commands described in this manual You ll require at least a 200MHz for DeTransfer o 500MHz for DeLogger 4 computer running Windows 98 Second Edition Windows NT4 with SP5 or later Windows 2000 or Windows XP to supervise the datalaker Getting Started 1 2 3 The Getting Started with DT50 DT500 and DT600 Series dataTaker manual is recommended for new users and will teach you to supervise datalaker with DeLogger If you intend to supervise datalaker with DeTransfer then read on Set up your logger and computer as follows 1 Connect the communications cable between the RS232 Comms of your datalaker and COM1 or COM2 of your computer 2 Install the DeTransfer software from the Software CD DeTransfer is a terminal style interface to program and supervise datalaker and to receive data 3 Connect the 12Vdc output from the 240Vac or 110Vac power adaptor to the screw terminals marked and DT50 or AC DC DT500 600 Polarity is not important Caution do not connect power to the terminals labelled Battery DT50 or Bat DT500 600 These are reserved for an external battery and are limited to 9Vdc see the section Power and Battery Connection for further information When power is turned on the Converting LED will flasr every second as the logger runs internal checks 4 Launch DeTransfer Click on Active Connection to drog down the connections list and select DT500 Auto Click on Connections and s
74. ative humidity is commonly measured by wet bulb depression Two temperature sensors are required one to measure air temperature and the other the cooling effect of a wetted surface Usually a temperature sensor is encased in a wick extending into a reservoir of distilled water The temperature difference between the two sensors is the wet bulb depression The following program will read two RTD s and compute the relative humidity with an accuracy of a few percent for temperature above 5T and over most of the relative humidity range The algorithm assumes that the sensors are ventilated but not aspirated 1 6 1 0 44 0 014 2 71E 4 2 73E 6 2 75E 8 2 0 100 3 BEGIN RA5S 1PT385 Dry bulb 4W 1CV 2PT385 Wet bulb 4W 2CV 3CV Y1 W 1CV 4CV Y1 W 2CV 5CV RH Y2 FF1 4CV 0 8 1CV 2CV 3CV END The choice of temperature sensors is critical if reasonable accuracy is required at high relative humidity where the wet bulb depression is small If platinum RTD s are used as in the above example then they should have good accuracy or matching 0 2 Good accuracy can also be achieved by use of a temperature difference sensor such as a thermocouple or thermopile Measure the dry bulb with a standard grade temperature sensor and subtract the difference sensor reading to obtain the wet bulb temperature The sensors are normally placed within a radiation screen to prevent radiant heat affecting the readings Thi
75. ay and returning to host but not logging Displaying Alarms When you display alarms the top line of the display identifies the alarm and the state of the alarm ON or OFF If the alarm channel definition includes identification text then this is displayed when the alarm is not true If the alarm contains action text this is displayed when the alarm is true The bottom line of the display shows the most recent reading as a numeric value or bar graph See the examples to the right Alarms are available for display by default but are not automatically displayed They can be enabled for display using the List and Light keys The A switch forces display of alarms if entered before the alarm commands The ND channel option can be used to make alarm channels unavailable for display Controlling The Screens On first power up or after a RESET the display shows the Sign On Screen There are two levels of display control Page 12 are available The screen is then displayed only if enabled at the second level Second level the operator using the keys List hold down for edit list mode First level the programmer uses Scroll _ selectscreen W intermediate working channel option Light enable disable display item P19 status screen enable _ This process enables or disables available ND no display channel option screens for display By default status and channel These controls determine if a channel is available for displa
76. be altered without re entering all schedules In fact all schedules must be entered at the same time either all on one line or between BEGIN and END keywords see Schedules on page 3 Scaling and Calculations page7 The datalaker can scale channel data to engineering units using polynomials spans intrinsic functions and intra channel or inter channel calculations Statistical functions including averaging and histograms can also be applied Data Reduction pages 3 6 9 In many instances you can reduce the volume of the data recorded by taking averages maximums minimums standard deviations histograms or integrals Use conditional statements to determine when data is logged see Trigger While on page 3 and Alarms on page 9 Alarms page 9 The Alarm facility of the datalaker is flexible and powerful Alarms are used to warn of error conditions and to control the datalaker s operation The key words ALARM and IF have identical meaning Alarms allow logical comparisons with set points control of digital output on the alarm condition issuing of messages to the host computer and Display execution of datalaker commands Executing datal ker commands from an alarm can be particularly useful in modifying the dataTaher s program in response to changes in input s Prog ramming see Sample Program opposite You program the data aker by entering schedules and commands Entered commands are not processed un
77. become single ended input terminals It is now possible to connect three sensors to each channel uae Shield Examples KA 1 FW m 2 1 FW 2 1 Fw RZ Channe Terminals ORORG G Ground Vibrating wire sensors Single Ended VW Connection As can be seen in the diagram shielding is the same as for the differential connection The single ended input arrangement functions best where cable lengths are relatively short say lt 100 meters gauges have good sensitivity signal to pluck ratio Because of the great range in gauge sensitivity it is difficult to predict the operating limits We suggest that for cable lengths in excess of 100 meters that test be conducted with the gauges to be deployed Programming VW Channels Channels connected to vibrating wire gauges are supported by the nFW channel type see Channel Types on page 4 This channel type tells the logger to configure the channel for vibrating wire pluck the sensor and to measure the frequency returned For example the following differential channel specifications 1FW 5 8FW will return 1FW 3056 7 Hz 5FW 1896 4 Hz 6FW 2035 7 Hz 7FW 1705 5 Hz 8FW 1769 2 Hz as data on channels 1 5 6 7 and 8 Single ended channels are specified by adding a terminal identifier 2 FW 2 FW 2 FW will return 2 FW 4597 8 Hz 2 FW 4445 2 Hz 2 FW 3909 7 Hz where the and indicate gauges connected single endedly between the return t
78. can be histogrammed is limited Page 6 Scaling Data and Calculations getting sophisticated Introduction The datalaker provides many different methods for scaling and manipulating channel readings Often a combination of methods is the most effective Automatic Scaling All channel types return data in engineering units volts amps ohms hertz see Channel Types on page 4 Most sensors output one of these basic signals Channel Factor a floating point number Many channel types have a channel factor as a Channel Option which usually provides a linear scaling For example 1v 1V 101 0 1V returns true millivolts and 1V 101 0 returns the reading multiplied by 101 0 in units of millivolts thus lv 2 543 mv 1v 256 84 mv In this example the channel factor could for example be the attenuation of an input voltage attenuator network Intrinsic Functions Fn The datalfaker has seven inbuilt mutually exclusive Intrinsic Functions which are applied as a Channel Option The Intrinsic Functions available are Function Description Appended to Units F1 1 x_ inverse Inv F2 vx square root Sqrt F3 Ln x natural logarithm Ln F4 Log x logarithm base ten Log F5 Absolute x absolute value Abs F6 X X square Squ F7 Grey code conversion 8 bit Gc Channels with an Intrinsic Function applied will return data with labels in the right hand column appended to units For example 1V F2 will
79. can be used for greater measurement accuracy See Thermistors on page 16 Calibrate by variation of shunt value channel factor Slope correction via attenuation factor relative to OX Calibration slope correction relative to 0 or OF If averaging increase precision with FF n option Result is 0 to 15 or 32 Channel No LSB of byte If averaging increase precision with the FF noption Delay lt 65 535mS nDSO delay R will generate pulses 0 s in mask not modified Channel No LSB of byte Display panel 1 3 LED 4 beep 5 6 backlight page 12 Count range is 0 65535 eg 1C 3 counts 0 1 2 0 1 etc Presetting a counter outside of the maximum count J range eg 1C 5 8 will cause an error 99999 9 Set high speed counter 1HSC output mode see page 18 See System Variables on page 6 Assigned via Channel Options return as for a channel Assigned by texf maximum 80 characters see page 6 Chan nel Optio NS in brackets separated by commas no spaces Introduction Channel Options allow the tailoring of channels for input configuration sensor excitation statistical reporting variable assignment and output format Enclose options in brackets after the Channel Type Channel Options are Input termination Resistance Single ended input Gain Excite terminal output current or voltage Special Resetting to zero Scaling Data manipulation cannot be used in Alarms Reference channel not logged
80. characters are received at the RS232 COMMS port e the wake terminal is grounded a key is pressed on display versions The datalaker will sleep unless the program inhibits sleeping by setting P15 2 or by rapid scanning Make sure that input channels for alarms or data logging are not being sampled more frequently than is necessary Setting the Power Mode P15 is used to set the power mode as follows P15 Sleep entry condition 0 Sleep only if battery powered default 1 Sleep if not busy 2 Disable Sleep mode When logger is awake and P15 0 the battery current is measured every second If less than 20mA is drawn from the battery because the battery is being charged from an external supply then sleep mode is not entered P15 1 allows sleep mode without testing battery current P17 sets the period secs that datalTaker remains awake after activity on RS232 COMMS network keypad or wake terminal ceases Default is 30 secs P20 masks schedules from waking a sleeping logger P20 bit map msb 765 43 21 0 Isb I 12 RZ al 1 mmap a i k icone RS statistical 4 RC schedule 32 RB schedule 16 RA schedule 8 Default P20 0 means all schedules wake the logger when they become due while P20 65 i e 64 1 means the RD and RZ schedules will not wake the logger P20 does not disable schedules if the logger is already awake Powering the Multiplexer Power consumption can be minimised by powering down the
81. chedule is created which replaces all previous schedules unless these previous schedules have logged data into memory or logging is enabled by the LOGON command see page 8 or the schedules are locked by the F Switch command see Switches F on page 11 Halting amp Resuming Schedules Schedules can be halted individually or as a group H Halt all schedules including alarms HA HB HC HD Halt RA RB RC or RD schedule HS Halt the statistical sub schedule HZ Halt the alarm schedule The polled schedule RX cannot be halted HX will generate an error message Corresponding commands for resuming or Going the schedules are G GA GB GC GD GS and GZ Locking Schedules Schedules can be locked by the F Switch command to prevent them from being accidentally changed or deleted The schedules can be unlocked by the f Switch command Clearing Schedules The command CSCANS erases all schedules However if any schedule s has stored data into memory or data logging is enabled by LOGON or schedules are locked by F then the dataTaker will issue the error message E4 or E48 see Error Messages on page 21 You cannot erase individual schedules Chan nel Types how to specify channels Introduction The analog and digital channels of the datal ker are multipurpose Channel specification determines the internal signal routing excitation sampling method and data processing A channel is defined by a Channel Number
82. chedule once it has been entered Instead you must re enter the full set of schedules including the additional channels Immediate Scans A channel list with no schedule ID or trigger is scanned once immediately The channel list can be scanned again by the asterisk command Immediate scans are not logged An immediate scan should be given time to execute before a BEGIN command is issued If requests for immediate scans are too rapid then data may be appended Set P22 13 to overcome this by ensuring a return character after each data Statistical Sub schedule Channels can be read frequently and a statistical data summary can be returned logged and displayed at longer intervals determined by RA RB RC RD or RX schedules The statistical scan is a sub schedule Channels to be statistically scanned must have a Channel Option to indicate the statistical data required see Channel Options on page 5 Statistical Channels on page 6 If two or more statistical data is required then each statistical option must be placed in a separate option list see Multiple Reports on page 4 1TT AV SD MX The trigger for the statistical sub schedule is defined in the same way as for the main scan schedule see Triggers beside using the RS identification If you do not specify the RS schedule s trigger the sample rate will be as fast as possible You may change the RS schedule at any time RS10S sample every 10 seconds RS30M sampl
83. cter back lit liquid crystal display 5 keys 3 warning LEDs and a buzzer The display provides information about datalaker status channel data alarms and memory card operation You cannot program the datalaker from the display panel however you can issue pre defined commands by pressing a panel key combination function key List Key whit the key is held down the display is in list edit mode In this mode you can access all displayable items using the Scroll keys Items that are not normally displayed will become visible and will be seen to be flashing on and off Pressing the Light key while the List key is held down toggles the display non display flashing state of the selected item Function Shift Key Pressing this key in conjunction with one of the other keys F1 to F4 executes a user defined command sequence When pressed the display shows the four function key labels LED On gt e LEDoff y These are the default assignments When a function key is pressed the display identifies the key and its label Function 2 gt LEDoff lt Pressing List and Function Shift keys together will reinitialize the display controller if affected by noise or otherwise corrupted Setting 6WARN to any value has the same effect Function Keys Assign function keys by the command Kn label command sequence where n is the function key number label is the text up to six characters that appears on the display a
84. d is accepted the logger responds Accepted and the RS232 COMMS port is open for communications If there is no communications for a period of time defined by P14 default 300 seconds then the RS232 COMMS port will timeout and is closed The port can also be closed at any time by the SIGNOFF command The datalaker will respond to the DEL character with lt lt CR LF regardless of the password state This can be used to identify a datalaker The RS232 COMMS Port The dataTaker RS232 COMMS port connector is detailed below N C nc ae N C TxD N C oC i i o NIC Interface Ground The configuration of communications cables to connect the datalaker to computers and modems are detailed below datalaker DE9 Male _ Computer DeD DB25 Female RTS Q cts DSR datalaker peo 7 Computer DE9 Male DE9 Female DTR 4 Macintosh 6 Tx Re o GND o Frame Shield Gnd pres ae datalaker Ini DE9 Male Page 13 RS232 COMMS Port Isolation The RS232 COMMS port of all models of the datal ker Series 2 and 3 data loggers are electrically isolated to 500V Using Modems with datalaker These comments relate to the Remote Modem at the datal ker end The Local Modem at the computer end should be Added into your Windows operating system where it can be accessed by DeTransfer and DeLogger Enter the following commands into the datalaker using a computer
85. decimal point locator character for floating point numbers default is ASCII 46 a period P39 time format see Time on page 6 P40 time separator character default is 58 a colon The default data format is verbose and descriptive for example RA5S 1V 3PT385 1C Widgets T D returns If a memory card containing data is present then the schedules returned are Description Valid Range appropriate to the card s data The X schedule is not given an active or halted state 7 i Note For this status report the schedules are simply stored as text in a buffer of 512 configuration amp firmware version bytes If your program exceeds 512 characters the remaining program text is not input offset voltage 1 mV returned and is replaced by three periods input voltage for VCO 0Hz 6 0 to 8 50V p y P VCO centre frequency 11 46 to 23 87kHz common mode rejection ratio gt 90db three wire input offset voltage 1 9 to 3 1mV terminator attenuation 0 99 to 1 01 2 1 Alarms Active Halted input bias current offset 30nA RZ5S input bias current 90nA ALARM1 3V gt 105 1DSO battery current for discharge 500 to 600mA ALARMR2 4V lt 75 2DSO 1DSO 0 battery voltage 5 4 to 13 0V alarmr3 5TT lt 72 0 3DS single ended offset voltage 600 to 110uV sigle ended offset volias 180pV STATUS4 returns defined polynomials and spans single en
86. ded every 15 minutes and assigned to a variable LCV If the average exceeds 5 0 m s the schedule s report interval is reduced to 2 minutes by the first alarm IF1 command When the 2 minute average drops below 4 5m s the report interval is returned to 15 minutes by the second alarm command IF2 Note the deliberate 0 5 hysteresis to prevent an oscillation around the switch over point Adaptive scheduling can reduce total data volume and give greater time resolution when required Instead of changing the report interval as in the above example data logging could have been enabled or other schedules modified The possibilities are endless Combining Alarms Alarms can be logically combined to yield a single result by replacing the action text action commands of all except the last Alarm in the group with a logical operator for example IF1 3TK gt 100 OR IF2 2TK gt 100 OR IF3 5TK gt 100 AND ALARM4 1DS gt 0 10S Temp Error RA5S where the message is output 10 seconds after digital input 1 is high and any one of the three temperatures exceeds and stays above 100 degrees Note the substitution of the keyword IF to improve readability of the program Only the delay period output channels and action text of the last Alarm are performed Available logical operators are AND OR and XOR You must order the Alarm numbers from low to high as evaluation is sequentially from low to high Missing Alarm numbers are allowed provided
87. ded offset voltage 180uV single ended offset voltage 110pV to 600V ERT evene oe differential offset voltage 180uV 7 0 0 100 0 0 1 0 KPa Ics1 mA 2 4994 current source 1 current 0 5mA to 10mA ee eran Aa Ics2 uA 250 31 current source 2 current Abe to 500HA STATUS5 STATUS6 STATUS7 returns the data logging status PASS test pass pr fall and the data stored and free in the internal memory and card memory respectively Datataker 52 Ver 7 xx Vos mV 0 009 vfo V 7 308 Fc kHz 18 200 CMRR db 99 6 Vos3 mV 0 238 Tos 1 0023 Ios nA 3 Ibia nA Ibat mA Vbat V Vos uV Vos uV Vos uV Vos uV Vosd uV 5 STATUS3 returns alarms without channel options The keyword alarm is in lower case if the alarm is halted by the HZn command see page 9 OMNONAWND O 5 Baoan snnin ii NOoOhwWNHO Test data that is out of range is flagged with a fail message Use the u switch to make test results less verbose TESTn returns line n of the test results and TESTnR produces STATUSS returns the memory card program continuous test cycles of line n Continuous reporting is stopped by the next carriage return Date 25 12 01 Time 12 45 00 1V 2 490 Volts 3PT385 395 0 Deg C Widgets 3498 Counts where the Switches default to U N C Parameters P22 and P24 are not used as delimiters while units text is enabled U However the data format can be condensed the to a form more useful for computers
88. e actual resistor this channel factor is adjusted If the temperature error is determined to be 1 7 higher than actual at 100 C the channel factor correction is 2 AT Channel factor R x 1 TAT 7 _ 17 100x 1 700 27315 99 544 The correction can be applied e g 5AD590 99 544 Analog Devices National Semiconductor Corp their resistance will change by 2 To convert the datalaker s ppm bridge readings to strain use the following formula where k HS k Bout G N and uS is micro strain Bout is the datal ker s bridge channel BGV or BGI result G is the Gauge Factor and N is the number of active gauges in the bridge The conversion can be done in the datal ker by applying a polynomial see page 7 as a channel option Y1 0 k uStrain 2V BR 3BGV Y1 where kis defined above The following table indicates the datalaker performance for different bridge inputs 4 Polynomial definition Reference Vex channel Bridge channel Arrangement Excitation Gauge Resolution Range ohms us us BGV full bridge 5V 120 0 07 1 500 quarter bridge 5V 120 0 26 6 000 BGI full Bridge 2 5mA 120 0 6 12 500 quarter bridge 2 5mA 120 2 2 50 000 BGI full Bridge 2 5mA 350 0 2 4 300 quarter bridge 2 5mA 350 0 7 17 000 Note Exceeding the Range causes a gain change and resolution to be reduced by factor of ten Sensors 3 Other Subjects Humidity Measurement at iow cost Rel
89. e or lightly doped metal whose electrical resistance increases with temperature Provided that the element is not mechanically stressed and is not contaminated by impurities the devices are stable reliable and accurate datalakers support four RTD types PT385 PT392 NI and CU Metal Alpha Standard Platinum a 0 003850 DIN43760 Platinum 0 003916 JIS C1604 Nickel Copper a 0 005001 a 0 00390 Page 16 Introduction Thermistors are semiconductor devices that change their electrical resistance with temperature Therm istors measure temperatures from 80C up to 250C They are sensitive but highly nonlinear Data takers support all two wire YSI thermistors The response is 1 a b Ln R Ln RP The constant terms are those recommended by YSI As the datal ker is unable to measure resistances over about 7KQ a resistor should be connected in parallel when a thermistor is expected to exceed 7KQ Parallel Thermistor P Resistor and R 7000x Rma Ohms p Rmax 7000 where Rmax is the maximum value of the thermistor s resistance at the lowest expected temperature The value of Rp is placed in the channel option list e g 5YS07 10000 The resistor quality should be 1 and 50 ppm T or better YSI Incorporated Yellow Springs Ohio 45387 USA Fax 513 767 9353 The Alpha is defined by R100 Ro 400 Rg nay where RO and R100 are the resistances a
90. e and reference zero channel readings remain current until the reference channels are scanned again They should be placed in the same schedule before the thermocouple channels to which they apply as in the following example RB15M 1PT395 TR 2V TZ 3 5TT which assumes an external isothermal block with its temperature measured on channel 1 and electrical zero on channel 2 Grounded Thermocouples Frequently thermocouple measurement junctions are electrically connected by welding brazing soldering or by contact to the object being measured This is only possible if the object is grounded to the datalaker s ground however this may introduce a troublesome ground loop that can allow significant series mode noise to affect readings This effect can be minimised by using differential connection eg 1TK or single ended connection with the S E Ref terminal connected to the grounded object eg 1TK X Accuracy The accuracy of temperature measurement with thermocouples is dependent on the reference junction isothermal characteristics reference temperature sensor accuracy induced electrical noise quality of the thermocouple wire drift in the wire especially at high temperatures basic measurement accuracy of the Datataker linearisation accuracy of the Datataker The most significant source of error is the reference junction The datalaker must not be exposed to differential heating as a single reference emperature sen
91. e bridges voltage excitation Frequency analog channels 0 102Hz to 20KHz Period analog channels 50uS to 9 88 Vibrating wire sensor frequency Time of day Day or date System timers for program control etc Thermocouples B C D E G J K N R S and T Platinum RTD s 0 00385 0 00392 Nickel RTD s a 0 005001 Copper RTD a 0 0039 Thermistors Yellow Springs 400XX series AD590 amp AD592 Analog Devices LM335 National Semiconductor Corp LM34 amp LM35 National Semiconductor Corp State input on a digital channel Byte input on a group of digital channels Digital state input on an analog channel Output on a single digital channel 1 ON amp low Byte output on a group of digital channels Display if present backlight LED s and beeper Up counter 10Hz maximum Phase encoder up down counter connect 3D 4D High speed counter 1KHz maximum High speed counter prescaler output System variable General purpose variables for calculations etc General purpose text for heading etc 10 30 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 40 10 30 10 30 4 1 4 bit 10 30 4 1 4 bit 6 4 1 3 1 14 100 1 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 15 5 10 5 10 It 5 bit 5 10 It 5 bit w 100 1 Two Channel Numbers separated by two or more points ie defines a continuous sequence of channels If the first label indicates a single ended channel th
92. e ee a Test False l L Timi Delay ming Ree TL T UTT L lt gt gt Full Delay 77 Alarm action nes Periods 4 time Action Text and Commands issued Note that the output channels if any reflect the state of the Alarm Action line in the above diagram This line changes state only after the full delay period has expired Action Text optional Text placed in quotes is sent to the computer and display whenever an ALARMn or an IF n alarm transits from false to true or repeatedly at the RZ rate while an ALARMR or IFR alarm remains true and any delay period has expired The action text may be up to 200 characters however the total text space reserved for all Alarms is 4000 characters Note There is no garbage collection in this text space Each new action text is appended to the list and superseded text is only removed by a RESET or CALARMS command Control characters can be embedded in the Action Text such as G bell M CR L LF b quotes etc Various data can be placed into the Action Text by including special substitution characters insert datalaker address and alarm number a n insert current data value insert day or date in P31 format __ insert time in P39 and P40 format The Action Text Boiler Pressure MPa will return Boiler Pressure 1 563 MPa on each false to true transition of the Alarm No Action Text is issued on the true to false transition Setting the Z switc
93. e every 30 minutes RS1 E sample on each 1 to 0 transition of digital input 1 RS sample as rapidly as possible If the statistical sub schedule is halted by a HS command then statistical sampling of channels is stopped and the reported statistical summaries do not include data from this halt period This is most significant for the integral summary If statistical channels have not been scanned before they are reported then these channels report error E53 see Error Messages on page 21 and data is set to 99999 9 This condition can occur when the RS trigger is an event the statistical sub schedule has been halted or a statistical scan interval is longer than the reporting time interval An example of a schedule including statistical sampling is RA1H RS10S 1TT 2TT AV MX which returns three temperature readings a spot reading each hour of channel 1 and the average and maximum over the hour from 10 second samplings of channel 2 Synchronize to Midnight S Scan timing synchronizes to previous midnight Schedules with a time trigger will scan on every multiple of the time interval since last midnight For example RA10H will scan at 10 00 00 20 00 00 10 00 00 on the next day and so on If synchronization is disabled See Switches s on page 11 scanning is then relative to the time that schedules are entered RA1OH entered at 09 30 00 will scan at 19 30 00 on the first day at 05 30 00 and 15 30 00 on the next day
94. e examples are the best way to demonstrate In the following program a vector average is calculated The inputs are wind speed and direction Wind speed calibration 0 50 m s 0 1000mV S1 0 50 0 1000 m s Wind direction 0 2x radians 0 360 deg 0 1000mV S2 0 6 2832 0 1000 radians Y3 0 1 m s Units text for wind speed report Y4 0 1 Deg Units text for wind direction report BEGIN RA5S_ Schedule to scan every 5 seconds 1V S1 1CV W Sample wind speed 2V S2 2CV W Sample wind direction 3CV W 3CV 1CV COS 2CV Sum x comp s 4CV W 4CV 1CV SIN 2CV Sumy comp s 5CV W 5CV 1 0 Number of scans RB1M Calculate report and log every minute calculate mean magnitude 6CV W SQRT 3CV 3CV 4CV 4CV 5CV 6CV Mean Wind Mag Y3 FF1 calculate direction 7CV W ATAN 4CV 3CV 57 29 determine direction quadrant 7CV W 7CV 3CV gt 0 AND 4CV lt 0 360 7CV W 7CV 3CV lt 0 AND 4CV lt 0 180 7CV W 7CV 3CV lt 0 AND 4CV gt 0 180 if wind speed is zero return 1 0 7CV W 7CV 6CV lt 0 7CV 1 7CV Mean Wind Dir Y4 FFO 1 5CV W 0 END LOGON G The following program scans ten channels and calculates across channel average BEGIN RA10S 1CV W 0 clear 1CV 1 10V 1CV W sum 10 voltages into 1CV 1CV 1CV 10 divide by 10 for average END Introduction The datalaker stores data
95. e on page 4 The second last column shows wiring configurations from pages 19 and 20 Connect the sensors accordingly Use Channel Options to modify the channel function Channel Options are listed in brackets immediately after the Channel Type The table on page 5 details channel options Test each sensor with a simple schedule For example RA1S 2PT385 4W will return every 1 second RA1S see page 3 the temperature of a platinum resistance temperature sensor PT385 see page 4 connected as a four wire resistance 4W channel option see page 5 on channel 2 Analog Input Channels Each analog input channel on a datalaker is a four wire connection that allows voltage current resistance and frequency to be measured These are the fundamental signals output by most sensors It is not necessary to use all four connections two are often adequate As can be seen in the simplified drawing of a datalaker channel below there is a multiplexer and a programmable instrumentation amplifier between the screw terminals and the analog to digital converter The multiplexer is essentially a patch board that directs signals from the channel screw terminals to the amplifier inputs Many different connections are possible a Channel excite input input return R Four input screw aa terminals for one of many analog input channels Ground shared Page 1 Channel Type see page 4 The input channels are very versat
96. ed in another schedule classes Number of a class interval occurrences counts ae x Channel Reading Range y A histogram is specified as a Channel Option as follows Hx y n m CV where x is the lowest channel reading of interest y is the highest channel reading of interest y gt x n is the first Channel Variable nCV to store counts m is the last Channel Variable mCV to store counts Three other counts are also stored as follows m 2 CV number of readings under range lt x m 1 CV number of readings over range gt y mcCV total number of readings including those out of range For example to histogram a temperature channel over 5 classes requires 8 Channel Variables as follows RAIS 1TT H25 0 35 0 1 8CV This generates a histogram with 5 temperature classes with intervals of 2 as follows 1CV first class 25 to 27 interval counts 2CV second class 27 to 29 T interval counts 3CV third class 29 to 31 interval counts ACV fourth class 31 to 33 interval counts 5CV fifth class 33 to 35 interval counts 6CV number of samples under range lt 25T 7CV number of samples over range gt 35T 8CV total counts or sum of 1 7CV The Channel Variables are read and logged in a schedule RB1H 1 13CV R The histogram channel option does not affect the usual reporting or logging of the channel s readings Note There is only 100 Channel Variables and so the number of channels that
97. el Operation COMMS Port Networking Power and Battery Connection Sensors 1 Thermocouples Thermistors RTDs Sensors 2 Hints IC Temperature Sensors Bridges Sensors 3 Other Subjects Analog Input Configurations 1 Analog Input Configurations 2 Digital Configurations Error Messages Simplified Circuit Glossary Appendix dataTaker DI 5o Appendix dataTaker DI 500 and DT 600 Appendix dataTaker DT505 and DT605 Appendix dataTaker Geologger DT515 and DT615 Appendix Channel Expansion Module Appendix Memory Card Processing Flow Chart Appendix dataTaker Specifications Appendix Accuracy of the dataTaker Data Loggers Appendix Firmware Notes Index DT50 DT500 DT600 DT505 DT605 DT515 DT615 Getti ng Started also see Getting Started with DT50 DT500 and DT600 Series dataTakers The datalaker The datalaker data logger is a tool to measure and record a wide variety of parameters in the real world The datalaker can be programmed and data can be plotted tabulated archived and exported using DeLogger 4 software included or DeLogger Pro 4 software purchased separately This only requires a brief knowledge of the datalaker commands described in this manual Alternatively the dateTaher can be programmed and data can be plotted archived and exported to spreadsheets and graphing tools using DeTransfer and DePlot software included This requires a good working knowledge of the d
98. elect Connect from the list DeTransfer will configure your computer s COM port to match the communications settings of the logger and establish a software connection with the logger You may see the message E M R in the Receive upper window If DeTransfer does not connect to the logger then check the communications cable and COM port settings Ensure that dataTaker RS232 Comms settings see Appendix for your model and DeTransfer s settings are the same 5 Click in the Send lower window to establish a cursor and type the command RESET All uppercase then hit the Enter or Return key to send the command to the logger to execute The logger will reset and respond with Datataker 0 Version 7 xx Initializing Done Set the datalaker realtime clock by the command Time 15 30 00 Logger has 24 hour clock or T 15 30 00 or T T Sets logger to computer time Read the datalaker time by the command Time or T Note that lower case characters can be used to document and clarify commands For example Time is the same as T With datalaker data acquisition data logging is made easy For example entering the command from DeTransfer RASS 1 5TK LOGON sets up a reporting schedule RA5S which is to report every five seconds RA5S the temperatures on five Type K thermocouples 1 5TK and to log or store the readings in memory LOGON Recovering logged data is even simpler The command U returns the data in the default form
99. en the channels included depends on single ended channel label as follows 1 5 14 3 1 44 1 24 1 4 The Channel Expansion Module CEM channels are addressed by prefixing the module number and colon to the channel number eg 2 5V indicates channel 5 on the second CEM is equivalent to gt 123 4 5 1 1 2 2 3 3 1 2 2 3 3 4 1 14 1 2 2 1 2 3 4 gt SS S SS Ss Vv H I 100 0 T L 100 0 T or A R 1 BGI 1BGI 60 350 0 II BGV 1BGV 0 0 V 4W F 2F F2 30 0 T P 2 P X 30 0 T Fw 3 FW ESQ 200 0 none T T none D D none ST 1ST 60 60 24 7 10 30 TB TC TT 3TJ 1 0 T 10 20 PT385 PT392 5PT392 100 0 II 10 20 NI 1NI 50 1000 0 10 20 CU CU 135 100 II 10 20 K YS01 07 16 17 2YS04 1e10 1 10 40 AD590 4AD590 100 0 V 10 30 LM335 3LM335 2 0 V 10 30 LM34 LM35 5LM35 1 0 V 20 none DS 4DS 2 8bit none DB 1DB 7 255 10 30 AS 5 AS 2500 T 10 none DSO 3DSO 1 0 1 8bit none DBO 1DBO 0 255 none WARN 3WARN 1 0 none C 1 4C 65536 none PE 1PE 65536 none HSC 3HSC 65536 none HSCO 1HSCO 0 2 none SV 3 5SV none CV 5CV none Q Indicates the capacity for each model a differential only eS The terminal not available for input on DT50 Channel Number Channel T
100. ency over one line cycle period 20 00mS or 16 67mS This method provides high noise rejection and good signal averaging over the sample period Many sampling parameters can be adjusted by means of Channel Options page 5 Switches and Parameters page 11 These include calibration settling time sampling time and extended or multiple sampling The default values of these parameters are suited to the majority of sensors See the section ADC Details page on 18 For the Technically Minded To gain an understanding of how your dataTaker works study the Simplified Circuit on page 22 This will help you to exploit many of dataTaker s features More Getting Started more compulsory reading Schedules page 3 A schedule is a list of channels preceded by a scan trigger specification As a general rule don t read channels more frequently than necessary for example temperature usually changes slowly so rapid reading does not provide extra information You can declare up to four different schedules each with a different scan trigger based on a time interval or a digital input event The schedule s trigger can be changed at any time This allows the trigger to be modified under program control see Alarm Action Text on page 9 A list of channels without a trigger specification may be entered at any time These are scanned immediately without affecting other schedules which may be operating A schedule s channel list cannot
101. ential or double ended channels and SE refers to single ended channels see Glossary on page 23 Digital Inputs and Outputs 4 TTL CMOS compatible digital input channels for digital state digital events low speed counters 10 Hz 16 bit presettable Digital input terminals are shared with digital output channels 4 Digital open collector outputs rated to 200mA at 30V 3 high speed counters 1KHz or 1MHz 16 bit presettable All analog channels may also be used as digital inputs with a user definable threshold Input Type Channels Range Digital Bit 4 0 or 1 State Digital Nibble 1 0 to 15 State LS counter 4 65535 Counts HS counter 3 65535 Counts Network The datalaker 500 and datalaker 600 both have an RS485 network A proprietary network protocol supports error free communications between up to thirty two datalaker 500 and datalTaker Goo series data loggers See Networking on page 14 RS232 COMMS Port aso page 13 The datalaker 500 and datalaker GOO RS232 COMMS Port is serial RS232 compatible The output signal level is approximately 4 Volts allowing communications over distances in access 100 meters at 1200 baud Greater distances are possible at 300 baud The maximum practical distance is also dependent on the host computer s RS232 characteristics Note the RS232 standard specifies 2000pF maximum cable capacitance and no maximum distance The datalaker 500 and datalaker GOO RS232 COMMS Port is elect
102. epresents a status screen A 1 enables and 0 disables The bit mapping is P19 bit map msb 765 4321 0 Isb Sign on 128 4 Bat 1 Time amp Date 64 Card 2 Schedules Active 32 Memory 4 Schedules Halted 16 Logging 8 To make screens available set P19 to the sum of the numbers following the required screens e g for Battery Condition and Logging Status screens only set P19 9 i e 1 8 By default P19 255 and all screens are available If P19 0 and there are no channels or alarms to display then the Sign On Screen is displayed Any status screens disabled by this method are not available for display by the List key Power Consumption The datalaker Display Panel draws less than 3mA while the back light is off However with the back light switched on the current draw increases to approximately 80mA This is very significant and represents a 70 increase in the logger s normal power consumption The result can be that battery life is reduced when the back light is left on However if the power mode is left at the default see Setting the Power Mode on page 15 the display power consumption should not be an issue Scroll Keys Allow scrolling through the displayable screens Holding a scroll key down for more than three seconds starts auto scrolling in that direction The scroll speed is set by P18 in seconds By default P18 2 seconds Pressing either scroll key stops the auto scroll Warning LEDs
103. erminal and and terminals respectively Readings can be scaled into engineering units using the Geologgers functions spans polynomials and calculations See Scaling and Calculations on page 7 Trouble Shooting By design most vibrating wire gauges are very reliable If a gauge fails to return sensible results it can be due to an open circuit a short circuit excessive cable leakage very high induced common mode noise levels direct noise pick up by gauge coil failed gauge excessive cable length for gauge sensitivity inappropriate use of single ended input gauge frequency outside 500Hz to 5KHz range mechanical vibration of gage by external forces The Speaker V v The Geologger has a built in speaker and headphone jack 3 5mm mono or stereo 8Q specifically for fault diagnosis The speaker is enabled by the V switch see Switches on page 11 The speaker is connected to the high gain amplifiers output Note that the frequency response of the small speaker is far from flat the use of headphones is preferred For a good gauge and correct installation the sound is a clean ping decaying over a period of a few seconds Note the full decay can only be heard for the last channel in a channel list Embedded channels can be heard but only for about half a second If there is no tone but only noise check the channel type wiring and resistance below If a note can be heard but it is faint or buried i
104. ers variables e g nCV R and for pulsing digital outputs e g 1DSO 1000 R 1 pulses output on for 1000mS 1e18 2 Generally a scale factor specific to channel type see Channel Factor column on page 4 1 to 20 pS A 3 Applies a previously defined polynomial of form Yn a b c d f g text see Polynomials on page 7 1 to 20 3 Applies a previously defined span of form Sn physical low physical upper signal lower signal upper text see Spans on page 7 1to7 3 1 x 2 vx 3 Ln x 4 Log x 5 Absolute x 6 x 2 7 Grey code to binary conversion 8 bit 4 Returns the difference between latest reading and the previous reading These options cannot be used directly in alarms The channel must 4 Rate of change based on latest and previous readings and their respective times be included in a scan schedule where the channel value is assigned 4 Useful when the sensor reading is already a difference e g resetting counters to a variable which can then be tested in alarm statements 4 Integration with respect to time between two readings the latest and previous J e g RA2S 1V RC 1CV RZ2S ALARM1 1CV gt 0 45 1DSO 5 Any non thermocouple temperature sensor measuring isothermal block temperature If already compensated use 11SV TR as reference channel 5 An electrical zero as measured at isothermal block see Thermocouples on page 16 5 Used to nominate a voltage channel as reference for ratiometric bridge measurements see Bridges on page
105. es However for gauges with a rapid signal decay this period can be reduced so that the measurement window does not extend into the noise For example 1FW ES4 100 will allow sampling over 5 line periods and reduce the measurement delay to 100mS Page 27 Measuring Gauge Temperature Most vibrating wire gauges are sensitive to temperature fluctuations Where a gauge s temperature is likely to change significantly its temperature is usually measured The Geologger supports all sensor types normally used including Thermistors Yellow Springs 400XX series platinum nickel and copper RTDs See Channel Types on page 4 and RTDs on page 16 for more information Measuring Frequency and Temperature on one Channel Depending on the gauge wiring it is usually possible to measure the vibrating wire differentially and a resistance temperature sensor on a single channel Channel Terminals 1FW 1 YS04 Vibrating wire sensor with two wire RTD Temperature channel is read single endedly as for example 1 S04 a YSI 44004 sensor see page 16 and the vibrating wire as 1FW Note the RTD sensor type must be of a relatively high resistance type say gt 100022 if errors due to cable resistance are to be avoided Similarly other configurations are possible If the temperature sensor is of a low resistance type then the following is recommended Channel Terminals 1 FW 1PT392 Single ended vibrating wire with
106. et in the current Date format for example if P31 1 European format then Date is set by D 25 12 2001 or D 25 12 01 Internal Channels There are several internal channels which are read in the same way as normal channels Internal Channel Command Logger temperature 1 3LM35 CEM n temperature n 1 LM35 Electrical zero at multiplexer 23V Precision 100 092 0 1 23R Precision 4700Q 40 1 3 R DTxx5 models Battery voltage 0 V M18 156 101 Battery current O I M18 220 0 20 Text String A Text channel of 80 characters is available for labelling data headings site identification logger identification etc Time and Other Channels channels on the inside The string is defined by text string and the current string is returned or Unloaded whenever is included in a channel list Control characters are entered in the format AM for carriage return J for line feed see list on page 23 System Variables nSV System Variables provide various system values These are used in the same way as channels see page 5 1SV_ Data points free in internal memory 2SV_ Data points stored in internal memory 3SV_ Data points free in card memory 4SV Data points stored in card memory 5SV_ Number of statistical scans in last schedule 6SV_ Number of remote network errors also P9 7SV ADC settling time in mS P10 defaults to 10mS 8SV_ Mains frequency in Hz P11 defaults to 50 60Hz 9SV 1 if memory card inser
107. f dataTaker returns data faster than the computer can receive it then the computer software can send an XOFF character which will stop data transmission within two character periods giving the computer time to process its buffered data When the computer is ready to receive data it sends an XON character to dataTaker to resume transmission A datalaker in XOFF state can also auto XON see Parameter 26 on page 11 The datalaker issues XOFF when its input buffer is 50 75 and 90 full and XON when the input buffer is empty Special Commands The datalaker has three special serial interface commands to assist in managing communications ZCMSRST clear the input and output buffers and set XON state ZSXOFF will XOFF the datalaker ZOXON will XON the datalaker The last two commands allow remote loggers to be XOFF ed and XON ed without modems or telemetry devices in the link consuming the commands Loading a Program The datalaker s input buffer is 250 characters long and a burst of 250 characters without a pause between characters is possible A single command line must be less than 250 characters The datalaker begins to process the input buffer when the first carriage return is received A full 250 characters of program takes up to 500mS to compile if the datal ker is not scanning and up to 5 seconds if it is running long schedules and many alarms Digital assignment delay periods such as 1DSO 1000 0 add to thi
108. g lines are described below Each STATUS line can be returned individually 4 STATUSnN These and other STATUSn commands are described fully in the Advanced mmunications Manual where nis the line number STATUS2 3 4 and 8 return extra information There are also Communications Manual other status levels that are not returned by the general STATUS command Introduction Parameters are internal system settings They are global in their effect and let you set a variety of options As a general rule set the parameters that require changing before you program schedules and alarms Setting Parameters Parameters can be set at any time and new settings generally take effect immediately For example P22 44 set Parameter 22 to 44 Note that in fixed data format mode see below three parameters are forced P22 44 P24 13 and P38 46 The original values for these are restored on leaving the fixed format mode Reading Parameters Entering the command P22 will return the setting of parameter 22 Parameters are not the same as channels or variables If you include a parameter in a schedule it does not become part of the schedule Instead it is processed immediately You can set or read parameters from the host computer from a memory card program or from Alarm Actions Introduction Switches are analogous to electrical switches and are turned on by upper case and off by lower case Switches are internal system settings
109. ge drops below 660 0mV the output is turned OFF Output Channels optiona One or two comma separated output channels see Channel Types on page 4 can be declared for each Alarm to reflect the alarm condition These outputs are set on transitions of the Alarm condition and after all Alarms have been scanned Only two output channel types are permitted nDSO nWARN General purpose digital output LEDs 1 3 Beeper 4 etc see page 12 If multiple alarms use the same output channel then the effects are OR ed Any active alarm will set the output to ON but all alarms must be false to reset the shared output OFF The output channel can be cleared at any time by digital assignment e g 1DSO 0 Unlike Action Commands see right the Output Channels are set or cleared on both the positive and negative transitions of the Alarm condition Delay Period optional When the Alarm s conditional test changes state i e false to true or true to false no action is taken until the delay period has expired AND the state has not changed during this period The format is nS Seconds IM Minutes IH Hours nD Days where n is an integer in the range 1 to 255 When the state changes during the delay period the delay counter is reset and will not count again until the next state change The result is a filtering action that ensures that input noise will not cause unwanted or rapid output actions Conditional Tru
110. h also reduces the verbosity of other returned data V oe VO WO e lt S N Aa El time set error must be in format defined by P39 and P40 illegal separator or non digits entered E2 input buffer full command too long maximum 250 characters successive commands input too quickly E3 channel option error illegal channel option used see page 5 mutually exclusive options used E4 clear data memory attempt to enter new Schedule while the store contains data or LOGON is enabled E5 data memory full internal data storage memory is full overwrite switch not enabled O E6 data memory empty no data in internal or card memory E7 day set error illegal day number entered E8 Parameter read set error parameter index out of range parameter value out of range E9 Switch error missing switch command character illegal switch command character E10 command error __ _ CARDID CLEAR CLAST CDATA CSCANS CALARMS CPROG LOGOFF LOGON or RESET incorrectly entered E11 input s out of range one or more analog inputs is over range check common mode voltage E12 channel list error channel number outside the legal range diff and SE channels mixed in sequence options invalid for channel type incomplete channel sequence invalid channel type single ended channels illegally specified polynomials or spans specified for day or time polynomials or spans index out of range E13 digital failu
111. h to z will stop the return of the Action Text to the computer see Switches Z on page 11 This is useful when the Action Text is only required for the display Page 9 This Example Alarm number 5 is defined or replaces any previous definition A current loop on single ended channel 4 4 L scaled by a span S3 is monitoring a boiler temperature If the temperature drops below 110 0 or rises to or above 150 0 for more than 10 seconds 108 digital outputs 1 and 4 1DSO 4DSO are set ON the message Boiler Temp 152 0 is sent to the host and to the display if present and schedule RA is re programmed to scan at two second intervals RA2S Action Commands optiona The Action Text can include one or more datalaker commands enclosed by square brackets These are Action Commands and are executed once when an ALARM or IF alarm transits from false to true or repeatedly at the RZ rate while an ALARMR or IFR alarm remains true Action commands are a very powerful programming facility for the dataTaker You can use any datalaker command in this context so many things become possible re programming on events adaptive schedules programmed calibration cycles control of digital outputs Adaptive scheduling is a common use for managing the datalaker from the Alarm command In the example RA15M 1V AV Wind speed S1 1CV IF1 1Cv gt 5 0 RA2M IF2 1CV lt 4 5 RA15M the average wind speed is recor
112. hannel Variables to be used in expressions Expressions can contain the following operators Arithmetic modulus and exponent Relational lt lt gt gt result 1 is true 0 is false Logical AND OR XOR NOT gt 0 is true result 0 or 1 Functions ABS LOG LN SIN COS TAN ASIN ACOS ATAN SQRT Yn Sn Other Parentheses Page 7 Note The trigonometric functions require arguments in radians where 1 radian 57 296 degrees The operator precedence is lt lt gt gt AND OR XOR and NOT The underlined operators have equal precedence Expressions evaluate left to right however parentheses can be used to define a particular order of evaluation Parentheses can be nested The total number of expressions in a program is limited to 100 and collectively are limited to 3848 characters Expressions are evaluated at the report time of the embracing schedule and in the order in which they occur within the schedule Conditional Calculations Boolean logic within expressions can be used to return a result which is dependent on a condition being true or false as follows 2CV 1CV 42 1CV lt 100 1CV 4 1CV gt 100 which returns a value of 2 1CV if 1CV is less than 100 ora value of 4 1CV if LCV is greater than or equal to 100 Combining Methods The different scaling and calculation methods can be used together Comprehensiv
113. hannel selection and beginning of ADC see also 7SV on page 6 and ADC Details on page 18 Sets ADC sample duration to 1 Hz seconds Default value read from the country DIP switch see 8SV on page 6 Transmission errors in protocol mode see the Datataker Advanced Communications Manual Sample interval on digital inputs and display keys determines minimum detectable pulse width P13 0 disables digital input If a password is defined dataTaker will automatically SIGNOFF after this period of inactivity see COMS Port page 13 0 auto 1 force low power 2 force normal power mode see Setting the Power Mode page 15 Minimum time from wake up to first ADC in 125 s of milliseconds useful for sensors with a long power up settling time Delay to low power mode from last communications external wake or keypad input see Setting Power Modes page 15 Time in seconds to display each screen when Display is in scroll mode see Scroll Keys on page 12 Bit map of status screens to display on Display see Status Screens on page 12 Bit mask of schedules that are not to wake the logger DCB A S X Z see Low Power Operation on page 15 Logger address to which returned data is to be sent P21 address P21 defaults to 128 which means normal addressing ASCII character as decimal number between data points in u mode see Output Format on page 10 Forced to 44 by H Determines calibration noise a compromise between calibration s
114. iation is a measure of the variability of the data about the average or mean The variation may be due to electrical noise or process changes Maximum and Minimum Maximum and minimum is a measure of the range of the data The time and date of the maximum and minimum can also be useful Display of maximum and minimum can be progressive see Switches X on page 11 Statistical Operations great for reducing data Integration INT Integration returns the integral or area under the curve with respect to time in seconds using a trapezoidal approximation The units of integration are those of the original reading multiplied by seconds or units secs When applied to a flow rate sensor S5 0 0 1 0 1000 litres 3F Fuel Consumption S5 INT integration returns the volume of the flow Fuel Consumption 34 54 litres Int The flow rate sensor with a frequency output 3F is scaled by a span S5 see Spans on page 7 and then integrated Note that the span units have been declared as litres which is the result after integration although the span calibration is actually in litres per second Histogram Hx y n mCV The datalaker can generate a histogram frequency distribution of channel samples When the channel is sampled at report time the channel value is returned and the respective range class for the reading is incremented The class frequencies are stored in Channel Variables and are returned logged and clear
115. ile however the datalaker is not smart enough to know what type of sensor is connected It must be told A channel is defined by a Channel Type that determines how the multiplexer is patched and how the readings are to be processed There are more than thirty different Channel Types The same channel may be read using different channel types For example a thermocouple may be read as a thermocouple or as a voltage The command 1TK 1v will return both a temperature and a voltage based on two readings of the same sensor ae excitation ae 2 50mA or 4V To 15 bit analog to digital converter Instrumentation amplifier gain x1 x10 or x100 Analog multiplexer and signal router showing connection for a differential input with sensor excitation solid lines and a single ended input broken lines A Standard datalaker Analog Input Channel Differential Input A differential input is one in which the signal is the voltage between two wires and neither wire is necessarily at ground potential On the datalaker the and terminals provide for differential input The multiplexer patches the channel s terminal to the amplifier s input and the channel s terminal to the amplifier s input This patching is achieved by defining the Channel Number and Channel Type see page 4 For example a differential voltage on channel one is patched by the channel definition 1V Single Ended Input A single ended input
116. in the internal memory 166 530 data points and in a memory card almost 1 4 million data points in a 4Mbyte card if one is inserted The management for the internal memory and memory card varies according to the state of the inserted card e if insert an empty memory card data in internal memory is transferred to the card and logging continues to the card e if insert a memory card containing data from the same program then data in the internal memory is appended to the card and logging continues to the memory card e if insert a memory card containing data from another program then data is not transferred from internal memory and logging continues to internal memory A CDATA command will clear the card then data will be transferred Lithium Battery Replacement The AA lithium battery maintains the internal memory and real time clock when datalaker is not powered This battery must be replaced every 2 years The lithium battery is located on the lower printed circuit board and the logger must be disassembled to replace the battery Data Logging Commands Data logging is globally enabled by LOGON and disabled by LOGOFF By default data logging is disabled Data is logged as 24 bit 16 bit mantissa floating point values Internal calculations are 32 bit floating point Schedules store a three byte header with the data for each scan which contains scan identification scan time and scan date When logged data is unloaded this header and
117. ischarge Memory cards with a lithium battery should have it replaced every year Memory cards with a rechargeable battery should be placed in a powered logger for gt 24 hours every 6 months Card Specific Commands There are seven commands specifically for managing memory card operation CDATA clears card data CPROG clears program space on a card COPY transfer internal data to the card NOCOPY disables transfer of data to the card CARDID text assigns a card ID CARDID returns the card ID RUNPROG forces running of card program CTEST Destructive memory test of card Card Identification You can name a memory card with the command CARDID abel text The abel text can be up to 40 characters of which the first 16 are displayed on the lower line of the display when you insert the memory card It is also returned in response to the command CARDID Card Formatting New Cards are automatically formatted when inserted in the logger and given the default CARDID xxxKB where xxx is the size of the memory card Card Processing Flow Chart When a memory card is inserted into the datalaker the subsequent processing and actions depends on the status of the memory card and the status of the logger The tests performed on the memory card by the logger and the actions taken as a result the tests is detailed in Appendix Memory Card Processing Flow Chart Programming from Cards A memory card can store a datal aker program of
118. itive noise pick up Signal wiring that is close to line voltage cable should always be shielded see Config 1 on page 19 Magnetic induction of noise from current carrying cables or from electrical machines especially motors and transformers is a greater problem Shielded cable Bridges wiring configs 13 14 15 16 17 Introduction Because of its sensitivity the Wheatstone bridge circuit is a commonly used circuit for the measurement of small changes in electrical resistance Applications include load cells pressure sensors and strain gauges Excitation Vex Voltage When one of the four resistors in a bridge is active sensitive to the parameter being measured the circuit is called a quarter bridge and the remaining three resistors are called bridge completion resistors Similarly half and full bridges imply two and four active gauges The bridge is a ratiometric circuit where the output sensitivity is proportional to the excitation voltage Unfortunately the excitation voltage is reduced by resistive cable and connector voltage drops There are two ways the datalaker can resolve this problem Voltage Excitation The datalaker can measure the excitation voltage at the bridge and compensate numerically for the voltage loss This requires a six wire connection see wiring configs 16 Hints for Successful Measurement some tips for good data is not an effective counter measure The only practical measures are
119. l 4 1000 _ 1 channel 1k o 1 monthE Fai pa 1 week 220hrs 10 channel line J a example example areek a 100 E too D 1 day E E D ge J day g F ar 10 ie gt J D pm D F 3 al 1 poe 1 hour 10000 100000 Battery Life in Hours for Three Battery Sizes least one full second Current draw is 120mA while awake and 0 4mA while asleep Solar Charging Sealed gel cell batteries may be charged via a 12V solar panel The dataFaker provides current and voltage limiting to protect both the panel and battery provided that the panel is connected to the AC DC Power input Do not attempt to charge alkaline battery packs The size of the solar panel required depends on the hours of full sunlight that can be expected As a general rule only one day in seven should be regarded as a charge day and the charge must be able to fully replenish the batteries on that day The solar panel rating is calculated as follows w_ amps in full sunlight Twx nN where Iw is the amp hours per week consumed by the logger Tw_ is the hours per week of full sunlight N is the efficiency a combination of battery charge absorption and the cosine effect Typical 0 65 Setting P15 1 ensures that the datalaker sleeps whenever possible to conserve power Panel Rating Sensors 1 understanding helps Thermocouples Introduction A thermocouple is two wires of dissimilar metals that are elect
120. l option in parentheses after the channel type For example RAIM 3TT AV will return 3TT 103 7 Deg C Ave which is the average AV temperature over one minute RA1M for the type T thermocouple which is connected to channel 3 3TT The text Ave is appended to the units to indicate that the data is an average If statistical channels have not been sampled before they are reported then error E53 see Error Messages on page 20 is reported and data returned as 99999 9 This condition is likely to occur when the RS trigger is an event the statistical sub schedule has been halted or a statistical scan interval RS is longer than the reporting time interval If statistical options are part of a Multiple Report channel see page 4 then each option list must contain a statistical option For example 4PT385 I 500 AV MX TMX MN TMN Note that the first option list I 500 AV must include the options required for managing and sampling the channel This rule applies to any options above the Config Line in the Channel Options table on page 5 because the channel is sampled and scaled according to the first option list Statistical results can be tested in alarms by first assigning them to Channel Variables see page 7 Average AV The average or mean is the sum of all the channel readings divided by the number of readings Averaging is very useful for reducing sensor noise Standard Deviation SD The standard dev
121. les The enclosures are suitable for industrial weatherproof and portable applications Industrial Enclosures The industrial enclosures are constructed of powder coated sheet steel have a polyurethane door seal and are rated to IP 65 or NEMA 5 The capacity of each enclosure is SIE 1 datalaker or 1 CEM LIE 1 datalaker plus 1 CEM or two datalaker SIC 1 dataTaker plus 2 CEMs or three dataTaker Each enclosure also houses a 4Ah gel cell or 17Ah alkaline battery e Panel Mount Display modules can be factory installed into the door of any enclosure by special order e Cable entry is completed by the user by drilling holes and fitting cable glands e Three sizes of industrial enclosures are available Dimensions mm Height Width Depth Weight Small Indust Enclosure SIE 400 200 120 4 5kg Large Indust Enclosure LIE 300 380 155 7 0kg Small Indust Cabinet SIC 600 380 210 15 0kg Portable Enclosure Allows datalaker to be used in a portable mode and protects the logger from water dust and mechanical damage Rated to IP 67 or NEMA 6 and can be submersed for short periods e Clamshell design constructed of black ABS plastic with stainless steel hinge The lid has a neoprene seal and can be padlocked e Withstands 800kg stacking loads and does not dent or warp Houses one datalaker and a 4Ah gel cell or 17Ah alkaline battery The logger and battery are mounted into a supporting frame which locates in the base of the e
122. lly more accurate nput applied between or or and SE Ref Single Ended Reference terminals nput applied between or or and GND or R The Datataker applies a 2 500V offset to GND Ground currents can cause small errors 1 10 100 nhibits auto ranging and presets amplifier gain to 1 10 or 100 respectively Controls attenuator on DT5x5 6x5 models A switches attenuator in and NA switches attenuator out See Appendices re DT505 605 and DT515 615 Provides a voltage equal to the input common mode voltage via approx 6K For high impedance signal sources where cable leakage is a problem Useful for powering some sensors however it is not regulated and is likely to drift with temperature 2 Default current source for Resistance measurement Very stable over environmental temperature range hese conditions are established 10mS before Default source for RTD and bridge measurement Very stable over environmental temperature range the channel is sampled This settling time can be Excite terminal may be used as a single ended input channel Not available on DT50 J changed by 7SV and P10 see pages 6 and 11 0 to 255 e g O V M18 156 101 0 returns battery voltage and 0 I M18 188 0 20 returns battery current positive indicates charging negative discharging 0 to 15 Allows addition sequential samples to be taken at scan time and averages the results Results in reduced noise and increased resolution 2 Valid only for counters system tim
123. loudspeaker for troubleshooting Digital Channels dataTaker 50 5 digital input output channels dataTaker 500 600 505 G605 Geologger 515 615 4 digital input output channels Expansion by Channel Expansion Modules with 20 digital input and 10 digital output channels Maximum of two CEMs Digital Input Channels e Accept voltage free contact closure inputs inbuilt 15K pullups and TTL CMOS inputs e Measure the logic state of individual channels bit or of groups of channels byte e Generate digital transition events to trigger data acquisition Also provide low speed counter functions to 10Hz sensitivity 0 to 65535 range presettable not available on CEM Digital input channels share with the digital output channels e Analog channels can be used to read digital state with user definable state threshold Digital Output Channels TTL CMOS compatible digital output channels Open collector lines rated to 30VDC 200mA e Used for switching logic states for relay control for alarm annunciation and sensor support Digital output channels share with the digital input channels Counter Channels 3 separate high speed counter channels on all models Count at up to 1KHz normally or up to 500KHz optionally 0 to 65535 range presettable Count even when logger is asleep Time and Date Hardware clock independent 2 year lithium battery e Resolution 1 second accuracy 2 seconds day 0 to 50 C Date in forma
124. ls Y20 0 1 0 KPa 11CV 20 SORT 4CV 6CV Channel Variables can be used in alarms both as the test value and as the setpoint s For example ALARM1 4CV lt gt 2CV 3CV 5CV 20 Channel Variables are useful when comparing an input channel against several thresholds For example IF1 1V 1CV gt 0 5 Over 0 5 Volts IF2 1CV gt 0 6 Over 0 6 Volts IF3 1CV gt 0 7 Over 0 7 Volts where channel 1V is sampled once rather than risking different values and tested against a number of setpoints Where statistical results are to be tested then Channel Variables provide the only means of using statistical results in alarms For example the program RZ1M RS1S RAIM 3TT SD 1CV W ALARM1 1CV gt 0 1 Excess variability tests standard deviation of temperatures read over a minute When input channels or Channel Variables are used in intermediate steps of a program the W Channel Option can declare these as working channels and prevent data being returned logged or displayed When debugging programs the W option can be over ridden by the W switch see Switches W on page 11 to return and display intermediate data Calculations only at report time The datalaker has a powerful expression evaluation capability Results are assigned to Channel Variables output channels System Timers and System Variables Expressions can ONLY contain Channel Variables and constants Data from input channels must first be assigned to C
125. ly floating vah Vout a ey Ground The common mode range limits must considered Ground Loop more often that not grounds in a system are not at the same electrical potential Differences may be from microvolts to many volts If signal wires are used to connect grounds then ground currents will flow and unpredictable errors will occur This situation is referred to as a ground loop See page 18 Guard an actively driven shield around input signal conductors that is maintained at the common mode voltage of the input signal Signal guarding is used when a sensor has a high output impedance and cable capacitance and insulation leakage are significant The diagram below is an extension to Config 1 on page 18 and shows a full guard and shield implementation Examples 2V G 5F G Input Bias Current The input terminals of the instrumentation amplifier require a very small current This current can be sourced via input termination resistors or by the signal source If a source for this current is not provided then measurement errors will occur Input Noise unwanted voltage or current generally with an AC component superimposed on the wanted signal LED Light Emitting Diode LSB least significant bit in a byte Monolithic Sensors sensors that are constructed on a single piece of silicon using integrated circuit fabrication techniques Available sensors include those for measuring temperature see page 16 pres
126. ly from these assumptions then refer to Some Details below to calculate average current draw and battery life ee eo ew ewe 1 10 100 1000 Scan Interval In Seconds log scale Using the Battery Life Chart Establish the scan interval and locate it on the Scan Interval axis The chart shows an example of 30 seconds Project a vertical line to the curves The curves correspond to different numbers of channels Interpolate if necessary The channels are assumed to be analog For this estimation a digital channel is equivalent to one quarter of an analog channel Project a horizontal line from the curve intersect to the right across the three scales that correspond to standard Datataker battery sizes From the appropriate scale read the battery life For the example on the chart the battery lives are 300 800 and 4000 hours for 1 2 4 and 17 Ah batteries If you use a non standard battery then look at the chart axis on the left The battery life is equal to the scale value 220 hrs for the example multiplied by the battery s amp hour rating Some Details The datalaker takes approximately 300mS to wake up 40mS for each analog channel 10mS for each digital channel and 10 to 50mS for each calculation Also the datalaker must wake at least once every 18 minutes for time keeping and will not sleep unless it can sleep for at 2 10000 5 10K a 1 year Fa e
127. ly temperature compensation bridges are a sensitive and stable means to measure small changes in resistances They are particularly useful when applied to strain gauges as found in pressure sensors and load cells Four elements connected in a circular fashion et BN 7A Fyon Arms of the bridge may be active sensors or passive for bridge completion and nulling Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR a measure of the influence of common mode voltage on the output of the instrumentation amplifier Vem CMRR 20 log Youtx Av where Vem is an applied common mode voltage Vout is the resulting output voltage Av _ is the amplifier s voltage gain Common Mode Voltage is the average of the voltages between the measurement system s ground and the two input terminals Vin V2 Vi 4 V V Vom _Vi V2 vi Tx s 2 Ground The term only has meaning for differential inputs Data Acquisition the process of scanning a range of analog and digital channels converting to digital format and forwarding to a host system Data Logging is a data acquisition system with on board data storage facilities datal ker the best little data logger in the world First appeared in 1983 as the datafarker DT100 then the DT200 in 1987 then the DT50 DT500 DT600 series in 1990 which was revised in1996 and 2002 and then the DT800 in 2000 Differential Input the two wire input is not referenced to a system ground and is essential
128. minal 4 19 20 expression evaluation 7 external excitation 28 firmware 35 format of output 5 10 frequency measurement 4 27 function keys 12 functions 7 gain option Gn 5 22 Geologger 27 Grey code conversion F7 7 ground loops 17 23 guard G 6 23 H halting schedules 3 high voltage measurement 4 20 26 host computer 1 13 14 humidity measurement 18 HZ halting alarms 3 9 IBM PCs 13 IF see alarms 9 immediate scans 3 input termination 5 22 19 interface wiring 13 internal channels 6 24 25 26 28 27 intrinsic functions 7 isolation of COMS port 13 24 25 26 isothermal block 16 keypad 12 LCD screen 12 ight key 12 ine frequency P11 8SV 1 5 6 27 ist key 12 isting alarms STATUS3 9 10 schedules STATUS2 3 10 ocal logger 14 logging 8 11 disabled 8 status 8 logical operators 7 LOGOFF command 8 Q R LOGON command 8 S low power operation 15 Macintosh connection 13 mathematical functions 7 memory card 8 12 29 messages to COMS ports 14 modem connection 13 multiple reports 3 4 12 multiplexer power 15 24 25 networking 14 NOCOPY command 8 noise minimisation 17 extra samples ESn 5 averaging 6 order of scanning 3 Unloading 8 sampling 3 schedules 3 output format 10 units 4 6 parameters Pn 11 parity 13 PASSWORD protection 13 phase encoder 4 20 23 polled schedule RX 3 polling alarm data ALL n 9 T polynomials 7 power extern
129. mode 0 or even a crude analog output mode 2 with low pass filter Note using high speed counter output interferes with the operation of the counter as a counter The high speed counter output is set up by 1HSCO mode N where mode is the counter mode and N is the counter range a constant or expression The following timing diagram shows how the output is dependent on the mode igat 1234567 8 9 10 111213 14 puses LIL mode 0 st NF mode 2 _ N 1 J LI mode 3_T N2 LNV L_ SF LS ri modassa iN default 1HSCO 2 65535 command issued here e g 1HSCO mode N where N 4 Page 18 Program Branching manage tow The datalaker has no formal branching or alternative processing commands to control program flow However some flow control is possible using Boolean logic or alarms Boolean expressions can be used to return a result that is dependent on a condition being true or false as follows 2cv 1CV 2 1CV lt 100 LCV 4 1CV gt 100 which returns a value of 2 1CV if 1CV is less than 100 or a value of 4 1CV if 1CV is greater than or equal to 100 The Boolean expressions 1CV lt 100 and 1CV gt 100 will result in 1 0 if true or 0 0 if false The BASIC language equivalent of this expression is IF 1CV lt 1000 THEN 2CV 1CV 2 ELSE 2CV 1CV 4 The same branch can also be by a pair of alarms IF1 1CV lt 1000 2cv 1cvs2 IF2 1CVv gt 1000 2cv 1cvs4 However alarms must
130. n the noise then the cable is too long or leaky or the gauge insensitive If the note is not clean and pure then the gauge is suspect It may have been damaged during installation If you can hear a low frequency hum then noise pick is a problem If the gauge is placed near a transformer electric motor high current power cables etc either re site or orientate gauge for minimum pickup Ensure cable is shielded to prevent capacitive pickup ee ey Measure Resistance Gauge and cable integrity is best determined by measuring the circuit resistance This can be done using a multimeter or the Geologger see Resistance on page 4 This resistance should be stable and not drift with time Measurement Delay nFW 200 If returned data is unstable to the extent that it varies by perhaps 20Hz yet the speaker indicates a strong signal the signal may contain harmonics The harmonics generally decay more rapidly than the fundamental so increasing the time between stimulation and frequency measurement can improve the results The measurement delay can be adjusted by setting the channel factor in milliseconds see Channel Options on page 5 For example 1FW 500 will increase the delay from the default 200mS to 500mS Extra Samples nFW ES9 By default the Geologger measures a vibrating wire frequency over a period of 10 line periods 167mS in 60Hz countries and 200mS in 50Hz countries This has been found optimal for most gauge typ
131. nclosure The frame can be lifted out for easy access to the screw terminals and connectors of the logger e Optional subassembly to also install a CEM A Panel Mount Display module can be factory installed into the lid of the enclosure by special order e Normally used with the lid open however cable for cable entry can be installed by the user e Size of portable enclosure is Dimensions mm Length Width Depth Weight Portable Enclosure PE 355 260 155 3 5kg Appendix Accuracy of the datalaker Data Loggers Page 34 ABSOLUTE ACCURACY ABSOLUTE ACCURACY Tolerance at 25 C Tolerance 20 to 70 C Tolerance at 25 C Tolerance 20 to 70 C Full of Plus of Plus Full of Plus of Plus Range Scale Units Resolution Units Full Scale Offset Units Full Scale Offset Units Range Scale Units Resolution Units Full Scale Offset Units Full Scale Offset Units VOLTAGE RTDs 4 Wire 100V 642 V 28 0 mV 0 26 150 mV 0 31 150 mV Pt100 1009 lt 51 C 0 01 C 0 10 0 07 C 0 17 0 07 C 70V 64 2 V 2 8 mV 0 26 14 mV 0 31 14 mV Pt100 5002 51 600 C 0 13 C 0 15 0 73 C 0 24 0 73 C 74 6 42 V 0 28 mV 0 26 14 2 mV 0 31 14 2 mV Ni1000 7K C 0 10 C 0 20 0 56 C 0 31 0 56 C 2 5V 3000 mV 130 pV 0 06 700 pV 0 16 700 pV Cu135 5009 C 0 14 C 0 15 0 73 C 0 24 0 73 C 250mV 300 mV 13 pV 0 06 63 uV 0 17 63 pV BRIDGES FULL Voltage 25mV 30 mV 13 WV 40 06
132. nd a phase lock loop PLL to reduce frequency noise before the frequency is measured by a precision frequency counter to input multiplexer phase frequency lock loop Fy measurement filter circuit Signals in the order of tens of microvolts can provide useful reading Transformer coupling ensures very high common mode rejection a characteristic that is needed to reject 50 60 hertz and other interfering noise Differential Connection The preferred method of vibrating wire sensor connection is differentially between the and inputs of a channel Shield a T Example 1FW Channel Vibrating wire Terminals Sensor Ge Ground Differential VW Connection While the shield is optional it will often be found necessary when noise pick up is a problem The preferred shield connection point is one of the Geologger s ground terminals or a case ground terminal strip If the channels return terminal R is not used for other purposes it can be used as a shield terminal However as the return terminal is internally connected to ground via a 100Q resistor its effectiveness is not as great as a direct connect to ground Also if lightning strike is possible then the resistor may be destroyed Single Ended Connection Vibrating wire gauges may also be connected single endedly that is they can share a common terminal A channels return terminal becomes the common and each of the channel s remaining three terminals
133. nd command sequence is any set of space separated commands For example K2 Scan 1 RA10S 1 5TT places RA10S 1 5TT on function key F2 The command sequence can be up to 255 characters and must be entered in a single line The default function key assignments are K1 LED On 1 3WARN 1 K2 LEDOf 1 3WARN 0 K3 K4 The function keys can be very useful For example the keys can be used to completely reprogram the datalaker with a different program assigned to each key The key functions can also be assigned by ALARMS Remember however that stored data must be cleared before a new program can be loaded Light Key Toggles the back light on and off Setting 6WARN 1 turns the back light on and setting 5WARN 1 flashes it When the datalaker is asleep the back light is off In conjunction with the List key the Light key enables or disables items for display Disabled screens are flashed while the List key is pressed but are not visible when the key is released Ww Datataker 0 00 50Hz V7 xx aot 2 Label Area You can label the warning LEDs with a felt tipped pen Status Screens There are 8 status screens see Scrolling through the Status Screens which display system information By default all screens are available for display and enabled They can be disabled using the List and Light keys Status screens can be enabled disabled for display by P19 Each bit in this parameter value r
134. nected to any datalaker referred to as the local logger in the network through its RS232 COMMS port Data is returned to the COMMS port of the local logger P21 will allow this return address to be over ridden see Parameters on page 11 You can connect computers to different datalTakers in a network If each host is simply polling for data with immediate schedules see page 3 operation is predictable If you enter repeating schedule types RA RB RC or RD then the data generated by these schedules will only be available to the host that issued them Addressing datalaker The computer can issue commands to any datalaker in the network by placing an address prefix at the beginning of a command line n commands send commands to logger n commands send commands to all loggers e g 5 RAIM 3V will command logger 5 to return to the host the voltage on channel 3 every minute Take care in using the wildcard address when the command returns data as the data from the loggers may be mixed and not easily separated The wildcard address is particularly useful for setting the time switches and parameters on all loggers T 11 23 30 N c u L P22 44 The address is optional for commands to the local logger Remote loggers must be addressed Identifying the Data Source Data is returned to the RS232 COMMS port that made the request unless changed by P21 It is recommended that all loggers in a network have the L address s
135. nel Full half and quarter bridges voltage or current excitation Multiplexer type relay Input Type Channels Range Units Resolution Diff SE DC Voltage 10 30 25 mV 1V 250 mV 10V 2500 mV 100V 7 V 250V 70V 2 5mV 100V 25mV DC Current 10 40 0 25 mA 200nA 2 5 MA 1pA 25 mA 10pA Resistance 10 20 10 Ohms 0 5mQ 100 Ohms 5mQ 500 Ohms 50mQ 7000 Ohms 500mQ Frequency 10 30 0 1 20 000Hz 0 01 Diff refers to differential or double ended channels and SE refers to single ended channels see Glossary on page 23 All analog input channel terminals except for the Return R terminals are capable of withstanding 1 5KV for 10uS 500V for 50mS and 100V indefinitely The return terminal can withstand only 5 of these voltages These withstanding voltages only apply to unselected channels While a channel is actually being read a process that typically takes 30mS these withstanding voltages are reduced to that of the return terminal Digital Inputs and Outputs 4 TTL CMOS compatible digital input channels for digital state digital events low speed counters 10 Hz 16 bit presettable Digital input terminals are shared with digital output channels 4 Digital open collector outputs rated to 200mA at 30V 3 high speed counters 1KHz or 1MHz 16 bit presettable All analog channels may also be used as digital inputs with a user definable threshold Channels Input Type Range Digital Bit
136. nnels expect the bridge excitation voltage Vex to have been previously sampled in the same schedule by a voltage channel with a BR bridge reference channel option e g nV BR If this is not done the excitation voltage is assumed to be 5 0 volts The BGV channel type lets you declare an offset for each channel e g NBGV 325 which will subtract 325 ppm from the reading This is useful for zeroing out offsets Constant Current Excitation The alternative lead compensation method is to apply a constant current defaults to 2 50mA to the bridge assuming the bridge resistance is known and constant and then calculate the excitation voltage Vex For full and half bridge constant current excitation use the nBGI Ra channel type where Ra is the bridge arm resistance in ohms If the arm resistances are not equal then a correction must be applied For the full bridge all four resistors are external to the datalaker see wiring config 15 on page 19 One or more of these resistors may be active and the remainder are completion resistors example nBGI 4W 120 defines a four wire constant current bridge with an arm resistance of 120 ohms For the half bridge two resistors are external and the bridge completion is internal to the datalaker The Four connection wires are required so that the 4W channel option is required For Introduction Integrated Circuit IC temperature sensors are devices that are const
137. nput Output 5 5 4 4 Counter Channels Fast Slow 3 5 3 4 Channel Expansion x Vv Isolated RS232 Vv Vv Max Baud Rate 9600 9600 Supports Datataker Network x Y Integral Display x x Panel Mount Display Option Vv Vv Internal Battery x Vv DT50 10 10 30 30 Solid State Relay 15 bit 1uV 15 bit 1uV 3 5V 100V Vv Vv Vv Vv 11 types 11 types Vv Vv Vv Vv x x 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 Vv Vv Vv Vv 9600 9600 Vv Vv Vv x x Vv Vv Vv DT505 10 10 10 30 30 30 Relay Relay Relay 15 bit 1pV 15 bit 1pV 15 bit 1pV 100V H00V 100V Vv Vv Vv Vv Vv Vv 11 types 11 types 11 types Vv Vv Vv Vv Vv Vv x v Vv 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 Vv Vv Vv Vv Vv Vv 9600 9600 9600 Vv Vv Vv Vv x Vv x v x Vv Vv Vv DT515 Appendix Specifications cont Analog Input Channels dataTaker 50 5 differential or 10 single ended can be used in any mix Solid state multiplexers Common mode range 3 5VDC dataTaker 500 600 10 differential or 30 single ended can be used in any mix Solid state multiplexers Common mode range 3 5VDC Expansion by Channel Expansion Modules CEMs with 10 differential or 30 single ended analog channels Maximum of two CEMs dataTaker 505 605 and Geologger 515 615 10 differential or 30 single ended can be used in any mix Relay multiplexers Common mode range 100VDC Input withstanding voltages for analog channels Unselected channels 1 5KVDC for 10uS 500VDC for 50mS 100VDC continuou
138. nput for single ended input The ground terminals should not be used for signal referencing except for current return paths Grounds can be electrically noisy and have an offset relative to the Return terminals High Speed Counter Channels 2V threshold see HSC on page 4 1HSC has a square wave overflow output that can be applied to the input of another counter The 1HSCO n output channel assignment sets the counter s divisor to n with n 1 to 65 535 Digital Input DS and DB Output DSO and DBO and low speed Counter C and UDC Channels _ 2V threshold for input Ground E see page 4 Pull up resistor Sensor Excitation Selector Selection is generally automatic but can be forced by the I Il V or G channel options see page 5 Input multiplexer 2 5mA Il 250A I Sr 5V V or custom Input termination resistors can be switched in by the T channel option or out by the U option Page 22 Two precision current sources are available Internal battery 6 9V Regulator with temperature 5 volts torresistarice and SASONS compensation to match the bridge measurements Power Supply models charging requirements of 6V as well as for lead acid gel cells iko powering sensors Guard signal combat the effects of cable capacitance and leakage on high 5V impedance signal sources ComV External
139. of four basic arithmetic operations and when storing input channel data into channel variables For example 5V 1CV scans channel 5V sets LCV 1CV 5V reports the value of 5V 5V S1 1CV scans channel 5V applies span 1 S1 sets 1CV 1CV 5V S1 reports the value of 5V S1 The assignments are made at the report time of the schedule Channel Variable assignments are not made at the Statistical Sub schedule scan time When a Channel Variable is included as a channel option for a statistically scanned channel the statistical result is stored in the Channel Variable and not the individual readings For example the program RS5S RA10M 3V AV 1CV MX 2CV MN 3CV will store the 10 minute average maximum and minimum into Channel Variables 1CV 2CV and 3CV respectively Channel variables can also be assigned the results of expressions see Calculations below For example 3CV 1 COS 2CV V1 141 evaluates the expression and assigns the result to 3CV Using Channel Variables Channel Variables are used in the same way as input channels within schedules and alarms Channel Options can be used to modify the function and data format of Channel Variables For example 5CV FF2 6CV 7CV assigns to 5CV the sum of 6CV 7CV and returns the result as a floating point value to 2 decimal places Channel Variables are not normally returned with units text however you can define units using polynomia
140. on page 10 Oldest data is over written O otherwise logging stops when memory is full see Logging and Data Retrieval on page 8 Allows the logger to be programmed using a memory card see Memory Card on page 8 q will prevent a logger executing a card program Allows real time data to be returned to the host via the RS232 COMS port Switching returns off r can reduce power consumption Synchronises all schedules time intervals to midnight e g RA1M will scan on the minute otherwise schedules run from entry time see page 3 Prefix time to logged data equivalent to a T at beginning of a schedules channel list Measurement units are appended to returned data see Output Formats on page 10 and errors are verbose see Error Messages on page 21 Enable speaker and headphone output by Geologger Allows working channels see channel option W on page 5 to be reported and displayed but not logged see also Calculations on page 7 Allows the display of progressive maximum and minimum values for statistical channels on a dataFaker display If real time data has not been returned before next scan becomes due the returning of data is given priority and the scan may be omitted Enables alarms to issue action text to host computer or printer See Action Text on page 9 Sets all switches to default state Display Panel Operation a local view of your data Introduction The datafaker display panel has a 2 line by 16 chara
141. or direct Microprocessor RS485 with 9MHz clock interface al a Not shown in the simplified circuit are the calibration facilities and hardware testing arrangements These compensate for all offsets leakages component tolerances and drifts due to aging and temperature changes 7 5 8 Three 16 bit counters These are fully operational while the RS232 9 6 5 logger sleeps although COMMS rollovers are not detected Port Interface RS232 COMMS 4 Rx Port The digital inputs are sampled Interface 3 Tx every debounce period see P13 on page 11 which Common q4 Interface defaults to 50mS No sampling ground occurs while the logger sleeps The low speed Counters are implemented in software Isolation Electrical isolation to 500V RS232 Glossary what it means Actuator a device which converts a voltage or current input into a mechanical output Analog to Digital Converter ADC a device which converts a smoothly varying signal to a quantised digital value Linearity resolution noise rejection and speed are important characteristics Auto Ranging the process of changing amplifier gain automatically so that the signal is amplified as much as is possible without exceeding output limits Auto Zero a stabilisation method for removing errors due to a drift in the input offset of a measuring system Bridge providing input offset and potential
142. ory card inserted Weight 2 4kg Accessories Included e 110 240VAC mains line power adaptor RS232 communications cable for IBM and compatibles e Getting Started Manual and User s Manual DeTransfer DePlot and DeLogger software packages for Windows Options e Panel Mount Display for Datataker 50 500 505 515 only e Channel Expansion Module see page 33 e Enclosures see page 33 4Ah rechargeable gel cell battery 17Ah alkaline battery Solar panels for remote site powering 1 2 and 4 Mbyte PC Card PCMCIA memory cards Memory card reader connects to computer via serial port Modem Manager for intelligent supervision of remote modems Telephone cellular and spread spectrum radio modems DeLogger Pro software package for Windows Appendix Specifications cont Channel Expansion Module Te hele a DD The Channel Expansion Module connects to datalaher 500 505 600 605 and Geologger 515 615 to increase the number of analog and digital channels One or two Channel Expansion Modules can be connected All input signals and sensors supported by the datafaker are supported by the Channel Expansion Module Analog Inputs 10 differential or 30 single ended can be used in any mix Relay multiplexer Common mode range is dependent on the datalaher model Input withstanding voltage is dependent on the Datataker model e Sensor excitation of 4 5V 250 0HA 2 500mA each channel
143. ource Condition Current typical battery awake 100mA battery sleep 0 36mA AC DC awake 105mA AC DC awake amp charging 600mA AC DC sleep 5mA AC DC sleep amp charging 500mA Appendix datalaker DT500 and DT6GOO Introduction Each model in the datal aker data logger range has a number of characteristics that differentiate it from the other models This Appendix describes the characteristics for the datalaker 500 and the datalaker 600 10 analog and 7 digital channels Network support Channel expansion socket Analog Inputs e 10 differential or 30 single ended can be used in any mix Sampling rate 25 samples sec Linearity lt 0 05 Input impedance 1MQ or gt 100 MQ selectable Common mode range 3 5 Vdc Common mode rejection gt 90 db 110 db typical Series mode line rejection gt 35 db Sensor excitation of 4 5V 250 0pA or 2 500mA each channel Full half and quarter bridges voltage or current excitation e Multiplexer type solid state CMOS For each analog input type the datalaker 500 and datalaker Goo provides three decade ranges that are selected automatically Input Type Channels Range Units Resolution Diff SE DC Voltage 10 30 25 mV iV 250 mV 10V 2500 mV 100V DC Current 10 40 0 25 mA 200nA 2 5 mA 1pA 25 mA 10pA Resistance 10 20 10 Ohms 0 5mQ 100 Ohms 5mQ 500 Ohms 50mQ 7000 Ohms 500mQ Frequency 10 30 0 1 20 000 Hz 0 01 Diff refers to differ
144. ower e Mains powered from 12VAC DC mains adaptor e Automatically selects low power standby sleep mode Current draw 120mA normal power mode 400mA when charging internal battery lt 350uA low power sleep mode dataTaker 505 605 and Geologger 515 615 A 1 2Ah gel cell battery is installed in the logger chassis and is recharged whenever external power is available All Models An external 6V gel cell battery can be connected to the logger and is recharged whenever external power is available A 9V alkaline battery pack can be used to power the loggers Page 32 Battery Life Sampling 10 1 2Ah Gel Cell 17 Ah Alkaline channels every Battery Battery Continuously 5 hours 3 days 1 minute 12 days 160 days 15 minutes 60 days 800 days 1 hour 90 days 900 days Mechanical Specification e Robust modular construction using powder coated steel Can be used directly or housed in fixed or portable enclosures e Signal input output connection by screw terminals Operating temperature 20 to 70 C humidity 95 LCD display 5 to 65 C dataTaker 50 Length 270mm 10 5 inches Width 110mm 4 3 inches e Height 50mm 2 0 inches with no memory card inserted e Height 105mm 4 2 inches with a memory card inserted Weight 1 5kg dataTaker 505 605 and Geologger 515 615 Length 270mm 10 5 inches Width 110mm 4 3 inches e Height 85mm 3 3 inches with no memory card inserted e Height 105mm 4 2 inches with a mem
145. page 8 Global data logging is activated by the LOGON command Disable logging of particular channels by the NL channel option Parameters page 11 are internal system settings which determine system function Most can be set and all can be read a Scaling page 7 Various methods can be used to scale output data to engineering units These are the Channel Factors Functions Spans Polynomials and Calculations BEGIN amp END see Schedules on page 3 Channels page 4 A wide range of channel types provide sensor support Options allow custom configuration Channel lists entered without a schedule ID return data immediately and cannot be logged to memory Scan control commands see page 3 Data Retrieval show me my data n u P22 32 Disables channel identification and units and sets the output format to ASCII 32 i e space delimited data Begins to unload stored data oldest data first if a memory card is fitted card data is unloaded first Terminates unload Clears data from the datalaker s internal memory and disables logging Clears data from the memory card if fitted Logging is not disabled Data from the logger s internal memory is copied to the card Schedules what to do when to do it Introduction Schedules have three parts a schedule identification a scan trigger and a list of channels to scan RA2M 1W 1V 2R 3 5T
146. peed amp accuracy ASCII character as decimal number between groups of data points in a scan in u mode see Output Format on page 10 ASCII character as decimal number that is placed at the end of an Unload dump in u mode see Output Format on page 10 Timeout before XOFF is automatically switched to XON P26 0 disables timeout and P26 255 ignores received XOFFs 0 external input 1 internal 32768Hz 2 external input gated 3 internal 1024Hz See High Speed Counters on page 18 Number of alarms that can be entered Must be set before any schedules or alarms are entered see Introduction on page 9 0 day number 1 dd mm yy European 2 mm dd yy N American see Date on page 6 for default value Sets significant digits of output data Note logged data is always stored to 5 digits so P32 gt 5 is only useful for realtime data If P33 gt 0 this defines fixed field width for all output data right justified space padded or least significant digits truncated 0 T 1 f 2 3 R Datais converted before being placed into store and cannot be converted at Unload time The character used as a decimal point in floating point numbers see Output Format on page 10 0 hh mm ss 1 seconds 2 decimal hours hh hhhh see Time on page 6 ASCII character as decimal number separator character for hh mm ss time format see Time on page 6 0 to 10 000 30 000 to 30 000 30 000 to 30 000 30 000 to 30 000 read only o
147. pendix for your model datalaker for location and setting details dataTakers are shipped with the address set to 0 If you give two loggers the same address then network errors will occur when commands are directed to them The datalaker models without network support also have an address however it only serves for datalaker identification Network and Modems The network can be extended by modems or radio modems that can operate at 1200 baud and can automatically turn around change direction of data transfer This is an important issue with radio modems where changing from transmit mode to receive mode can take as long as 500mS The network turn around time can be adjusted by parameter P7 in increments of 14mS For example setting P7 22 would set the turn around time to 300mS There is no electrical signal to indicate turn around The modem must detect when the datalaker is sending network data and rapidly switch to transmit mode The datalaker does not issue any message preamble See the Advanced Communications Manual for details Network modems must be dumb As the datalaker already provides an error correcting protocol the modem must not overlay an additional protocol layer This applies particularly to radio modems where it is common to find error correction built in Messages to COMMS Ports You can connect other devices to the remaining datalaker RS232 COMMS ports such as a printer a terminal or another compu
148. re digital input output circuit has failed e return logger for service E14 communications error baud rate parity or stop bit errors framing errors due to noise on COMS port E15 assignment error channel number too large output channel or system variable out of range counter preset to value greater than maximum count i e 1C 25 30 E16 linearization error thermocouple outside range RTD or thermistor outside linearization range Error messages can be switched off by the m switch The default is for errors to be reported M During an Unload operation see Data Logging and Retrieval page 8 error reporting is disabled until the Unload is complete In a Network errors in remote datalakers are reported back to the host computer Errors that are a result of reading a channel will cause a value of 99999 9 to be returned or logged as the reading This value is not modifiable by format channel options Channel errors are normally carried through calculations and statistical evaluations so that they also return 99999 9 The carry through can be disabled by the j switch see Switches on page 11 Page 21 Errors that occur as a result of reading an alarm channel are reported in the same way as data channels and the alarm condition automatically becomes true The table below lists all of the datalaker errors and an explanation of their likely cause and correction Error Category Error Category
149. recent scan Channel with Identification Text as a channel option e g 5V Thermopile O P Bar Graph Channel with name and bar graph channel options e g 3 L ND NR NL BG0 100 Low Fuel High where channel 3 is a 4 to 20mA loop returning reading between 0 and 100 Note that the Identification Text is used as a scale label and the NR and NL options ensure that it is used for no other purpose This example also shows how the multiple report facility the two option lists can be used to separate report and display functions You can use bar graphs in alarms Default Alarm Display The alarm state is indicated by ON Alarms with Text Input Channel Screens or OFF t Oven OK 105 3 C Scrolling below the last data channel or alarm moves to the f Oven OverTemp 120 6 C Name is displayed when alarm not true off and Action Text is displayed when alarm true on eg ALARM7 4TT Oven OK gt 107 Oven OverTemp top status screen COMMS Port let s talk Introduction All dataTaker models have a 9 pin female DE9 connector for RS232 or RS423 communications with a computer This interface the RS232 COMMS port is the means by which you program the datalaker or a network of dataTakers from a computer The RS232 COMMS port of the dataTaker is electrically isolated Refer to the Appendix for details of the RS232 COMMS port of your datalaker RS232 COMMS Parameters The RS232 COMMS port parameter
150. return the square root of the reading 1v 455 6 mV Sqrt If you place more than one Intrinsic Function in a channel s option list only the last will be applied Spans Sn Spans are used to define linear calibrations for sensors Spans are particularly suited to 4 20mA loop inputs Physical Output e g C Calibration Upper physical b Lower physical a Signal Input P Ze Zd e n mA Lower signal Upper signal at A total of 20 Spans and Polynomials can be defined A span is defined by the command Sn a b c d text where n 1 to 20 and textis units text replaces the original channel units text The physical a b and signal c d limits define any two points on the calibration line not necessarily the end points Note c and d default to 0 and 100 if not specified which is useful for 4 20mA current loop channels A single Span definition may be applied to any number of channels in any schedules or alarms A defined span is applied to a channel as a Channel Option For example S17 0 300 100 1000 KPa 1v S17 Boiler pressure returns Boiler pressure 239 12 KPa As a rule it is best to define Spans and Polynomials in lt program before the schedules and alarms are entered Polynomials Yn Polynomials define non linear calibrations for sensors 0 y X kax ko kyXx k2x kgx kx k5x n 5 where x is the channel reading and the k s are coefficient terms A polynomial is defined by its coefficient terms
151. rically connected at one end the measurement junction and thermally connected at the other end the reference junction Reference Junction Isothermal block Measurement Junction T microvolt lt 1 Temperature Prime Sensor temperature gradient Ref Junction A small voltage is produced when the two junctions are at different temperatures This voltage is produced by the temperature gradient along the wires and not by the junctions It is important that the purity of the thermocouple wire be maintained where significant temperature gradients occur Because high purity wire can be expensive it is common practice to use thermocouple extension wire to cover long distances where temperatures are within the normal environmental range Such wire can be used for measurement junctions but only over a restricted temperature range of typically 20T to 120 Making the Measurement Junction The measurement junction can be made by welding brazing soldering or crimping the two wires together Take care to ensure that the wire material is not contaminated where the temperature gradient is to occur The junction can be insulated or left bare for a more rapid response If left bare ensure that the junction does not make intermittent contact with metal objects This can introduce electrical noise see Grounded Thermocouples below Reference Junction Compensation Conventionally the reference junction is held at OT and the
152. rically isolated to 500V RS232 COMMS Connector ne nc Qro N C Q TxD N C N C o NG 11 24Vde Interface Ground A N Address s4 s5 s6 s7 s8 c 0 off off off pff off ON rege 1 lott loff off loff Jon Haba Dip Switch RS232COMMS amp 3 2 Joff Joff off jon Shown set to the Port Isolated 5 3 Joff Joff off jon jon yoy factory defaults 4 Joff Joff on joff 5 off Joff jon joff jon 48 AA Lithium 6 off Joff on jon Battery 7 Joff Joff on jon jon on lower 8 Joff Jon off loft US 60Hz circuit board 9 off jon Joffjoff jon Other 50Hz Power Supply and Battery The datalaker 500 and GOO can be powered by Source Range Terminal Terminal AC 9 18Vac AC DC AC DC DC 11 24Vde AC DC AC DC DC 11 24Vde AC DC Gnd 9V Alkaline Battery 6 2 10Vdc Alkaline Bat 6V Gel Cell Battery 5 6 8Vdc Lead Bat The gel cell connection provides temperature compensated charging with voltage 6 90V and current 1A limiting for a three cell battery when an AC or DC supply is also connected It is not recommended to connect both an internal and an external 6V 9V battery Better that the external battery is a larger capacity 12V battery connected as External DC Power 1 Alkaline 1 Alkaline fm 2 Bat 2 Bat tm 3 Lead 3 Lead Internal Gel Cell Battery Internal Alkaline Battery External Battery 6 9V Gel Cell or 9V
153. rmocouple responses are determined with a OT reference This is inconvenient in most situations and so in practice the reference junction is allowed to follow to ambient temperature However this non zero reference junction temperature must be compensated for by measuring the reference temperature with a different type of temperature sensor This correction can be made in hardware or as with the datalaker in software The software approach allows support for any thermocouple type without hardware dependence Isothermal Block Generally the reference junctions are held at the same temperature by a physical arrangement that ensures good thermal conductivity between the junctions This structure is called an isothermal block It is advisable to insulate the isothermal block from rapid ambient temperature changes Thermocouple Types The datalaker supports all of the commonly recognised thermocouple types Type Positive Negative Range Pt 30 Rh Pt 6 Rh W 5 Re W 26 Re W 3 Re W 25 Re Ni 10 Cr Cu 45 Ni Ww W 26 Re 0 to 2320 Fe Cu 45 Ni 200 to 750 Ni 10 Cr Ni 2 Mn 2 Al 200 to 1250 Ni 14 Cr 1 Si Ni 4 Si 0 1 Mg 200 to 1350 Pt 13 Rh Pt 0 to 1450 Pt 10 Rh Pt 0 to 1450 Cu Cu 45 Ni 200 to 350 Each type has characteristics sensitivity stability temperature range robustness and cost that make it appropriate for particular applications Thermocouples on datalaker Thermocouples are wired to the dataTaker
154. rs to 5 volts allowing the use of voltage free contacts The thresholds are lt 1 5V for a 0 and gt 3 5V for a 1 During sleep mode the digital inputs are inoperative however the high speed counters remain active Example above also shows wiring for the one phase encoder up down counter Digital and Counter Input Config 23 Digital Output Input Power Supply Ground The bidirectional digital channels can sink 200mA from up to a 30 volt supply The solid state switch is not protected against sustained over currents For inductive loads parallel reverse diodes are recommended although not essential because the datalaker has internal transient protection Relay Connection Externally Powered sv switched Example Digital 3DSO 1 The internal 5V switched off in sleep mode supply is limited to approximately 100mA The saturation ON voltage drop of the switches is 1 volt so the relays must be able to activate at 4 volts over the expected temperature range Relay and LED Connection Internally Powered i Examples Externally Internally powered powered The power source must be able to provide sufficient voltage to exceed the Analog States s threshold which defaults to 2500mV Ensure input voltages do not exceed thge datalaker common mode range Digital Input via Analog Inputs AD590 AD592 18 Attenuated Differential Voltage Input 4 6 Attenuated Single Ended Voltage Input 5 Bridge 3 wire H
155. ructed on small silicon chips These are linear sensitive and available in both voltage and current output configurations They share the thermistor s disadvantage of limited temperature range generally 40T to 150 and self heating from power dissipation caused by the excitation current needed to read the sensor datalaker supports the four most commonly available IC sensor types Sensor Output Channel Type Wiring Config AD590 1pA K nAD590 18 7 8 amp AD592 LM34 10mV F nLM34 20 21 1 2 3 LM35 10mV T nLM35 20 21 1 2 3 LM335 10mV K nLM335 19 4 5 6 Calibration IC temperature sensors have different calibration grades The lowest grades typically have an error of up to 2T at 25 More expensive sensors have an error of 0 25T This error is a combination of an offset or zero error and a slope error The datalFaker provides a slope or scale correction capability on a per sensor basis using the channel factor See Channel Types on page 4 and Channel Options on page 5 Frequently a slope correction based on a single point calibration point is enough for reasonable accuracy The pivot point for the slope correction is dependent on the sensor type connection is by three wires as seen in wiring configs 13 and 14 on page 19 One or both of the external resistors can be active with full lead resistance compensation Scaling The datalaker scales all bridge channel types to a ratiometric form
156. running DeTransfer or other communications program before connecting the Remote Modem e datalaker echo OFF m datalaker error messages OFF r datal ker returns OFF It is recommended that a PASSWORD see opposite be used for security and to protect the logger from garbage characters created when the link between the modems is disconnected The DTR input of the Remote Modem may need to be asserted This can be done in the cabling by tying DTR high or by using the AT amp DO command Enter the following commands into the Remote Modem with a computer running DeTransfer or other communications program These commands are typical however some modems may need different commands for some of these settings The text in the brackets are comments and should not be entered AT amp F Set factory defaults AT amp DO Ignore the DTR signal AT FO Xon Xoff flow control CTS RTS cannot be used ATS0 2 Auto Answer after two rings other values are OK ATQ1 Disable response codes CONNECT OK etc ATEO Disable command echo ATY1 Enable Break disconnect AT amp WO_ Save settings in User Profile 0 sometimes AT amp W It is important that the RS232 port of the Remote Modem is locked to a baud rate the same as the dataTaker Consult your modem manual for the command to set the RS232 port baud rate For a more comprehensive discussion about use of modems refer to the Advanced Communications Manual or to the Technical Notes
157. ry Connection take care Powering the datalaker The datalaker data loggers can be powered from Source Typical Range Connection Terminals AC 9 18Vac AC DC and AC DC DC 11 28Vdc AC DC and GND Battery 6 9 Vdc Bat and Bat Refer to the Appendix for details of your dateWaker The following diagram shows a simplified power circuit 6 9V Switch Mode Regulator 9 2mV T AC DC Power External Battery Connections Bat l 6 9V Internal Battery Connector Caution If a DC supply is grounded it MUST be a negative ground An AC supply MUST NOT be grounded If an external battery is connected to a datalaker 500 600 505 605 515 or 615 data logger which also has an internal 6V gel cell battery then the external battery must also be a 6V gel cell battery and MUST be connected with the correct polarity or damage WILL occur Low Power Operation The datalaker uses little power and a set of six alkaline D cells can power the logger for more than a year if precautions are taken to avoid excessive current draw The datalaker has two power states wake and sleep While in the wake state the logger is fully active and draws up to 500mA but typically 120mA In the sleep state only the high speed counters clock and the wake circuit are active and current draw is reduced to less than 0 4mA The datalaker will wake when any scheduled scan becomes due amemory card is inserted e
158. s y Channel Expansion Connector Height without memory card 85mm with memory card 105mm Memory Card Socket Convert Lamp ts switched 4 Powering the Multiplexer Power link located under the top cover near channel 9 The datalaker 500 and 600 have an option to maintain multiplexer power when asleep This is achieved by moving the Mux 5 a Analog Channels Display Single Ended Ref Connector 250 mm 270 mm i sw USW sw USW Mux Power Mux Power Power down Power maintained Position Position Appendix datalaker DT 505 and DTGOS Introduction Each model in the datalaker data logger range has a number of characteristics which differentiates it from theeother models This page describes the characteristics for the datalaker 505 and the datalaker 605 10 analog and 7 digital channels e Relay Multiplexer 100V input Network support as for DT 500 GOO Channel expansion socket Analog Inputs 10 differential or 30 single ended or any mix e Switchable attenuator that allows high voltage measurement Sampling rate 25 samples sec Channels have 500 volt isolation while not being read Input impedance 1M or gt 100 MQ selectable Common mode range 3 5 Vdc 100 Vdc attenuators on Common mode rejection gt 90 db 110 db typical Series mode line rejection gt 35 db e Sensor excitation of 4 5V 250 0UA or 2 500mA each chan
159. s Ss Ci BOS S E E17 clear card data inserted card has data in data area E18 STATUS command error STATUS incorrectly entered STATUS n outside the range 1 to 9 E19 Card Write Protected Move card write protect switch to unprotected E20 illegal character s invalid characters in the command E21 illegal separator s commands not separated by spaces or return E22 statistical option error statistical option not in each multiple report E23 scan schedule error Schedule ID not A B C D S Xor Z scan time interval too large i e gt 65535 e scan interval type invalid i e S M H D event or counter channels invalid E24 Unload command error Schedule ID is not one of A B C Dor X E25 channel table full internal acquisition and alarm table filled additional channels cannot be declared E26 Halt command error Schedule ID not A B C Dor Z E27 TEST command error TEST incorrectly entered TESTn where n is outside the range 1 to 2 E28 Go command error Schedule ID not A B C Dor Z E29 poly span declaration error polynomial or span index out of range 1 to 20 individual terms not separated by a comma range of terms outside 1 0e 18 to 1 0e18 E30 calibration failure nn internal error during self calibration e nn identifies the cause of the failure E31 test channel failure nn return logger for service E32 battery sample failure return logger for service E33 C
160. s are fixed except for the baud rate as follows Baud rate 300 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 Data bits 8 Parity none gt fixed Stop bits 1 The baud rate is set by a DIP switch which is accessed by removing the datalaker top cover Refer to the Appendix for your datalaker for details of the location of the switch and settings The datalaker is shipped with the baud rate set to 9600 baud Operation All communications with the datalaker use the ASCII character set The eighth bit is normally a 0 however an extension to the character set for the text strings and for special display characters is possible if this bit is set to a 1 For all commands other than switches and text strings the d atalaker ignores lower case characters By default most characters that are received by the datalaker are echoed transmitted back to the computer This action is disabled by the echo switch e Special Characters XOFF stops datalTaker transmitting XON allows datafaker to transmit BS backspace deletes previous character echoes BS space BS DEL delete Alt 127 clears command input buffer echoes lt lt CR LF terminates a command line echoed as CR LF ignored command separator CR return LF line feed Space and tab hatch network address identifier semicolon directs command to memory card single quote comment character up to a CR message to remote COMS port in a network XOFF XON Flow Control l
161. s automatically select the attenuators nHV and nL see Channel Types on page 4 For other channel types use the A channel option to switch in the attenuators e g 2AS A See Channel Options on page 5 Default positions for SW2 dip switch Appendix Geologger DT 515 and DT615 Introduction The Geologger is functionally similar to the datalaker 505 and datalaker 605 see Appendix datalaker 505 and 605 on page 26 with the addition of support for vibrating wire sensors All electrical and programming characteristics are identical except the Geologger models have an extra channel type nFW Frequency of Wire and a software speaker switch V The Geologger supports most vibrating wire gauges with resonances between 600Hz and 4 5KHz Vibrating Wire Support The Geologgers use a pulse to pluck the wire in a vibrating wire gauge The advantage of the pulse pluck method is that a fixed pulse is able to stimulate a wide range of gauges This greatly simplifies channel programming for the user The balanced pluck pulse is approximately 150S long and up to 36 volts in amplitude The pulse has a current source characteristic that provides automatic cable length compensation Sensors on long cable will be pulsed with the same energy as those on shorter cables The Geologger has a high gain low noise signal amplifier with transformer coupling on the input The amplified signal is filtered using band pass filters 500Hz to 5KHz a
162. s is particularly important for out door applications Counters 0 to 65535 and back The datalaker has low speed nC and high speed nHSC counters Both are 16 bit and accept 0 30VDC and contact closure inputs Range can be set between 1 and 65535 by channel option after which counters roll over to zero Eg 1C 3 sets range of low speed counter one to 3 On the third input pulse the counter will be reset to zero Input pulse no 0 123 45 67 8 9 10 11 Counter reading 0 12012 01201 2 The reset channel option R can also be used with counters to reset the counter to zero when it is read in a schedule For example 3HSC R will cause high speed counter three to be set to zero after being read Counters may be initialized by a value or expression 1c 15 2HSC 10 1CV 100 SORT 2CV 3CV Such assignment as with all assignments may be included in a schedule to be executed on each scan Low Speed Counters nC The low speed counters are software counters that share input terminals with the digital inputs D1 D2 D3 etc ADC Details the tundamental measuring process The datalaker uses a precision voltage controlled oscillator as an analog to digital converter ADC An input voltage is converted to a frequency and the resulting frequency is measured digitally This method of conversion provides high linearity true signal integration and excellent 50 60 Hz noise rejection There are three programmable parameters of
163. s per reading is controlled by the ESn channel option where n 0 to 15 indicates the number of Extra Samples required For most channels types n defaults to 0 indicating no extra samples The vibrating wire channel type FW defaults to 9 indicating a reading of 10 samples 1 plus 9 extra samples The extra samples are averaged to calculate the reading This process is different to the statistical averaging function in that the additional samples are taken immediately before moving on to the next channel Both averaging methods can yield similar results significant improvement in resolution and noise performance How Fast The net sampling speed of the datalaker is dependent on the parameters discussed above and a number of other factors over which control is limited Delay Cause To remove 40mS overhead per scan fixed 5mS overhead in channel selection fixed 2mS data return to host per chan r 35mS checking input offset voltage k 1000mS auto calibration k or PO 1000 15mS checking battery current P15 1 or 2 For the fastest possible scanning it is best to create a schedule in which the channels are repeated for example RA 1V 1V 1V 1V 1V 1V 1V 1V 1V 1V lv combined with above methods will allow up to 75Hz rates High Speed Counter Output 1HSCO mode High speed counter one has an output terminal that allows the counter to be used as a programmable prescaler or frequency divider mode 3 pulse generator
164. s time The host must ensure that the datalaker has sufficient time to process a down loaded program This can be achieved by using the XOFF XON flow control or by time delays between transmissions Waking From Sleep Mode If characters are received while the datalaker is in Sleep Mode the logger wakes Characters received in the first 75mS are lost Characters received between 55 and 125mS may generate communications errors To reliably wake the dataTaker if communicating manually eg Windows HyperTerminal or other terminal applications send a carriage return or line feed and wait 300mS before sending commands DeTransfer and DeLogger have a setting in their respective connection definitions to X Wake Logger which performs this task Password Protection The datalaker has password protection on the RS232 COMMS port When a password is enabled communications is only possible after the password is entered Password protection is particularly useful when the datalaker is connected via a modem to prevent unauthorized access and to eliminate line noise being interpreted as commands during call establishment The password is set by assignment PASSWORD password text The password text may be any string except command keywords up to 10 case sensitive characters Assigning a null string by PASSWORD removes a password To establish communications enter the password followed by a carriage return at any time If the passwor
165. series at www datataker com If the Remote Modem has a dumb mode use it This mode is manufacturer specific and usually means that the modem is preconfigured to a known state and will not respond to commands Consult the modem s manual for details Once the remote modem has been set up connect it to the datalaker using a MOD 3 cable or the cable diagrammed below Use DeTransfer or DeLogger to call the remote site Modem DCE Cable Frame Ground RxD TxD GND RTS CTS Modem pep DCE DTR 0 DB25 Male Shield datalaker DE9 Male Netwo rki ng distributed processing Introduction datalaker models with an RS485 network port can be connected in a local area network LAN with up to to 32 loggers Network cable is limited to 1000 meters total DeLogger 3 supports the datafaker network however DeLogger 4 does not support the network The proprietary network protocol has error detection and correction and operates at 1200 baud over a twisted pair of polarised wires datalakers are wired in parallel with all NET terminals are connected to one wire and all NET terminals connected to the second wire Ideally the network cable should have a shield that is grounded at a single point Network a Twisted Pair of Wires note polarity Net Net COM ComM Local Logger ngpo dat akers Net P COM RS232 or Computer RS423 interface The computer can be con
166. setpoint character lt gt lt gt or gt lt missing AND OR XOR incorrectly entered setpoint not specified or too large delay incorrectly specified E52 alarm text memory full memory for storage of alarms text is filled cannot specify additional alarm strings E53 no statistical samples no statistical sample taken so cannot calculate statistical function E54 expression error e syntax error expression too complex E55 expression memory full total expression s text gt 3847 characters reduce number of expressions E60 RAM n failure RAM number n has failed self test may cause strange behaviour and data loss return logger for service E61 memory card failure replace battery replace card memory card is not serviceable Simplified Circuit neous one aataTaner Input channels are a four wire connection with five switched lines Each channel can be excite split into 2 to 4 single input ended channels ea Fim The maximum voltage input allowed on any terminal return R is 3 5 volts relative to ground Exceeding these limits is likely to cause measurement errors excite input input Ground is locally ea R sampled The SE Ref terminal can be internally routed to the negative input of the instrumentation mpu SE ref amplifier by using the X channel option for single ended inputs This can provide many of the benefits of differential Ground i
167. sly Selected channels 100VDC continuously Expansion by Channel Expansion Modules with 10 differential or 30 single ended analog channels Maximum of two CEMs Analog to Digital Conversion All Models e Autocalibrating e Autoranging over 3 decades Resolution 15 bit plus sign 1 uV Sampling rate 25 samples second e Accuracy better than 0 15 of full scale Linearity better than 0 05 Input impedance 1MQ or gt 100MQ selectable Common mode rejection gt 90db 110db typical Series mode line rejection gt 35db Floating common input for single ended measurements Analog Sensor Support All Models 4 3 and 2 wire resistance RTD and thermistor measurement e Sensor excitation of 4 5V 250 0uA or 2 500mA each channel Full half and quarter bridges voltage or current excitation 4 20 mA current loops internal or external shunts e Thermocouple types B C D E G J K N R S and T with cold junction compensation and linearization e Platinum RTDs a 0 0038509 9 C any resistance e Platinum RTDs a 0 0039169 Q C any resistance e Nickel RTDs a 0 005001 9 9 C any resistance Copper RTDs a 0 00399 Q C any resistance Thermistors Yellow Springs YSI 400xx series Semiconductors AD590 LM335 LM34 and LM35 Analog Sensor Support Geologger 515 615 Vibrating wire sensor support 30V for 100uS pulse excitation 50 to 3002 coils 0 5 to 5KHz frequency range phase lock loop filtering
168. sor is used to measure the emperature of the screw terminals of all channels Should a temperature gradient occur along the erminal strip then errors of the magnitude of the emperature difference will occur The dataFaker s basic measurement accuracy can be a source of error The zero error is 4uV for inputs up to 30mV 40uV for inputs up to 300mV while the scale factor error is 0 1 For a T lype thermocouple at 100 this can result in an error of 0 2 climbing to 0 5T at 400 Note also hat the error is dependent on thermocouple sensitivity For example the K type thermocouple at 1200T the error can be as high as 2 1 The datalaker s linearisation errors are much lower than other error sources These errors are additive and are generally contained within the error bounds as shown in the following diagram the reference junction error is assumed to have been trimmed out 2 0 F amplifier 1 5 gain change 500 1000 1500 Temperature 44001A 44101A 100 44002A 44102A 100 44003A 44101A 100 44035 44004 44104 44033 45004 46004 46033 46043 44901 44902 44005 44105 44030 45005 46005 46030 46040 44903 44904 44007 44107 44034 45007 46007 46034 46044 44905 44906 44017 45017 46017 46037 46047 44016 44036 46036 44006 44106 44031 45006 46006 46031 46041 44907 44908 RTDs Introduction Resistance Temperature Detectors or RTDs are sensors generally made from a pur
169. sure acceleration and concentration of various compounds in gases and liquids MSB most significant bit in a byte Multiplexer is a device used to increase the number of channels by sequentially routing multiple channels to a single signal processing system Phase Encoder a position sensor with two digital output lines with a quadrature phase relationship that provide distance and direction information 3D I LT e C 47 Ur ur Lr clr count The datal ker uses an up down counter to provide the position indication PID Proportional Integral Derivative A three mode control algorithm commonly used in industrial control A PID loop with two state output can be programmed on the Datataker using the difference integration and calculation facilities Port a communications connector on a computer or other device RAM Random Access Memory Memory that allows data to be read or written at a particular location without having to pass sequentially through preceding locations ROM Read Only Memory Memory that can be randomly read but not written Settling Time The time allowed for an input signal to stabilise after selection and gain changing See P10 on page 10 and 7SV on page 6 Single ended Input the input is referenced to a system ground or other signal common Wer Vind Ground In a multi channel system only one input terminal is needed in addition to the shared common terminal
170. t 0 and 100 The three RTD channel types are connected as for a resistance The 0T resistance is assumed to be 100Q for platinum and 1000Q for nickel types Other values can be specified as a channel option The default connection is for a 3 wire measurement but 4 wire can be specified as a channel option for greater accuracy For example PT385 4W 50 0 will read a 4 wire 50Q at 0 device Sensors 2 understanding helps Ground Loops Ground loops are a common cause of many measurement problems including noise offsets and erratic behaviour Ground loops occur when a circular conduction path is established between grounds in a system The use of differential inputs instead of single endec inputs overcomes most ground loop problems Fundamental to the condition is the incorrect assumption that there is a single ground potential in a measurement system In practice two grounds in a system are rarely at the same potential The result is that ground currents are very common and if allowed to flow through the sensor wiring then measurement errors are inevitable Where ground loops are suspected of causing errors then connecting all grounds in a system together can correct the problem Noise Pick up There are two main ways in which noise can be introduced into signal wiring by capacitive coupling and by magnetic induction There are different counter measures for each Shielding signal wiring will minimise capac
171. t quantity Unloading Data Logged data is unloaded from internal or card memory by U source schedule start point end point source Tr from internal memory M from memory card none unload from memory card then if same data set from internal memory A B C D or X unload single schedule none unloads all schedules logged start point time date or time BEGIN from beginning of stored data LAST from end of last unload none from beginning of stored data end point time date or time END to end of stored data LAST to end of last unload none to end of stored data All are optional however an end point can only be included if a start point is included Some examples schedule U unload all data oldest first U LAST unload data since last unload UA BEGIN LAST unload schedule A from beginning to last data previously unloaded UMB 12 00 19 1 02 12 00 20 1 02 unload B schedule from memory card between the times and dates The oldest data is unloaded first and schedules are merged chronologically in order X A B C then D Unloaded data format is the same as real time data see page 5 During unloads the r return e echo m error messages and z alarm messages switches are disabled and returned to their previous state after the unload Data is not cleared from memory by Unload operations Quitting an Unload An Unload operation is aborted by the Q quit command Time and Da
172. tamp can be added to real time date see Switches T and D on page 11 Time and Date stamp are automatically logged whenever data is stored Time Time is based on a 24 hour clock with a resolution of one second Time is read in the same way as any channel but without a Channel Number T returns Time 11 45 10 The time format is defined by Parameter P39 as follows P39 Format Example O default hours minute seconds 11 45 10 1 seconds since midnight 42310 2 decimal hours 11 7528 System Variable 12SV returns Day Time as decimal days Parameter P40 defines the separator in the hh mm ss format which defaults to ASCII 58 The Time must be set in the time format defined by P39 and P40 For example if P39 2 in this case P40 does not matter then the time must be set as a decimal value T 11 7528 Date The realtime clock also maintains the Date that is read in the same way as a channel without a Channel Number D returns Date 25 12 2001 The date format is set by Parameter P31 as follows P31 Format Example 0 Daynumber ddddd 724 1 European dd mm yyyy 25 12 2001 2 NAmerica mm dd yyyy 12 25 2001 System Variable 12SV returns Day Time as decimal days System Variable 15SV returns the day of the current year The default date format depends on the Country DIP switch see the Appendix for your model Set date format by Parameter P31 for example P31 0 sets date format as number of days since 1 1 1989 The Date must be s
173. te Stamping Scan Time and Date stamps can be prefixed to unload records by enabling T and D switches even after data has been logged Time and Date stamp defaults OFF t d Logging Status Internal and card memory status can be checked by STATUS lines 5 6 and 7 or STATUS5 STATUS6 etc 1SV Internal data points free 2SV Internal data points stored 3SV Memory Card data points free 4SV Memory Card data points stored Clearing Stored Data Logged data can be cleared at any time by CLEAR clears all data logged in the internal memory and disables logging LOGOFF CLAST clears data in internal memory or memory card card that has been unloaded by U command only if all schedules were unloaded CDATA clears all data logged in memory card RESET clears internal memory and program but not memory card data or program The CLEAR command may appear to fail if logging is enabled because new data is logged soon after the clear The solution is to first stop the logging with LOGOFF or H Introduction The datalakers support PC Card memory cards which conform to the PCMCIA Type II standard PC Card memory cards of up to 4Mbyte in capacity can be used The memory cards increase the storage capacity of the datalaker and because the cards are removable they are also reliable media for transporting data and programs Do not expose the memory card to temperatures over 45 for extended periods to ionising radiation or to static d
174. ted 0 if card not inserted 10SV_ Returns the schedule ID from which it is returned 0 for RX poll by host 4 for RD schedule 1 for RA schedule 5 for Immediate scan 2 for RB schedule 6 for RZ alarm schedule 3 for RC schedule 11SV Returns 0 0 useful as a reference channel 12SV Decimal day time e g 56 5 is midday of day 56 13SV Returns the logger s address 14SV System attenuation factor default 214 61 15SV Returns date as day number of the current year Note System Variables normally have no decimal places Use the FFn option to increase the resolution Values or expressions can be assigned to the System Variables 7SV and 8SV For example 7SV 15 sets the ADC settling time to 15mS see ADC Details on page 18 Assignments to 7SV and 8SV can be within a schedule and the assignment is executed each time the schedule scans Assignments outside of a schedule are executed once immediately System Timers nST There are four internal reloading System Timers which are read in the same way as channels The four timers increment at different rates and reset to zero when their range maximum value is reached as follows Timer Rate Default Range 1st 1 second 60 1 minute 2ST 1 minute 60 1 hour 3ST 1 hour 24 1 day 4ST 1 day 7 1 week The System Timers are synchronised to previous midnight or Sunday and increment at the beginning of each second minute hour or day The System Timers re initialize to the new
175. ter Network a Twisted Pair of Wires note polarity Net Net COMS Printer Second Host Host Computer The following commands allow text to be sent to these ports from the network host n text text sends textto COMS port of logger n sends text to all COMS ports e g 27 Hello there M J will direct the message to the RS232 COMMS port of logger 27 The text string may be up to 250 characters long and can include control characters in the text as illustrated above see also ASCII Characters on page 23 Networking and Power Down Normally when a logger is asleep it will not wake when network activity begins To ensure proper operation the loggers must be kept awake by setting P15 2 Alternatively loggers can be programmed to be awake using ALARM commands when network communications are expected Programming a Network The main difference between operating a single logger and a network of loggers is that the task of managing the returned data and alarms becomes more complex The best method for managing the network will depend on the goals data logging monitoring for alarm conditions rapid real time response simplicity of programming telemetry or modem connection Don t underestimate the complexity of managing a large volume of data Unloading a datalaker with a large memory card over a network link can take over an hour There are two distinct class of networks part time and real time net
176. terminal ld External Excitation EE For sensors that require non standard powering or excitation an External Excitation input terminal is able to direct power to the Excite terminal of a selected channel This option can be enabled by moving a jumper to the outer two pins on a three pin header The jumper is accessed by removing the module s top cover The normal position of the jumper between the inner two pins provides the standard dataTaker 250pA 2 5mA or 4 5V excitation If the external excitation option is selected these are not available on any channel of the module Care must be taken in assigning channels If for example an Expansion Module is wired with a four wire RTD and several bridges requiring 12V excitation then the 12V would be applied to the RTD when it is scanned The RTD would probably be damaged Analog Input Channels Analog Channels Jumper shown in normal position Ground Terminals Single Ended Reference Terminal 5 Single Ended Reference The Channel Expansion Module has a SE Ref input terminal with an identical function to that found on the datalakers t provides a floating common for single ended input see the X channel option on page 5 The SE Ref input is switched on each module but not on most datalakers The DTxx5 series are the exception This means that if the SE Ref terminal is used on one or more modules it should not be used on the datalaker The selected mod
177. the ADC settling period conversion time and number of samples per reading Settling Period The settling period the time allowed for the input signal to stabilise before it is measured is set by 7SV or P10 in units of milliseconds This defaults to 10 milliseconds but can range from 0 to 30 000mS There are two main reasons for adjusting the settling period One is to speed up scanning by reducing the settling period The other is to allow additional time for sensor signals to stabilise Some sensors require this time because of thermal or electrical effects after excitation It is best to change the settling period only for the sensors that need it by framing the channels in 7SV assignments RA10M 1V 7SV 5000 2V 3V 7SV 10 4V where channels 1V and 4V are sampled with the default 10mS settling period while channels 2V and 3V are sampled with a settling period of 5000mS or 5 seconds Note that during the settling period no other datalaker activity can take place other than some communications Even new commands will not be processed until the settling period and the scan are complete For long settling periods this can create the disturbing impression of a hung datalaker Conversion Time The conversion time the time during which the datalaker measures the analog input signal can be set by 8SV or P11 in terms of a frequency The conversion time is one full cycle of this frequency i e the conversion time 1000 P11 milliseconds
178. thoroughly in fresh water then distilled water then dry Salt must not be allowed to remain on the circuit boards datalaker operates over a wide temperature range however accuracy can be reduced While the electrical zero is stable with temperature the scale factor can drift slightly Endeavour to minimise exposure to temperature extremes Operating Scenarios You can deploy datalaker in many ways depending on factors such as location data volume power availability on line to a computer with datal ker as a front end periodic down loading to an on line host periodic down loading to a portable computer periodic down loading via modem to a host initiated either by the host computer or by the dataTaker data recovery and programming using the removable memory cards The method of deployment influences the fine tuning of the datalaker s program As a general rule it is better to recover data as often as reasonably possible In this way sensor failures program faults etc will be detected earlier Page 2 Channel Setup first check the sensors 2TT a channel in this case channel 2 as a thermocouple can be read once or read multiple times as in the next example amp 2TT 449 3 DegC RA1S 2 4TT returns data in the default format in this case everyone ______ gt 2TT 451 5 Deg C second RA1S for three thermocouple type T channels 3TT 563 2 Deg C Channels page 4 ATT 487 8 Deg C 2TT 451
179. til a carriage return is received The input buffer is 254 characters so command lines must not exceed this length Each command must be separated by one or more spaces tabs or carriage returns All schedules must be entered on one line or placed between the BEGIN and END keywords The BEGIN END construct is also very useful for enhancing program clarity When the BEGIN keyword is encountered the datalaker is halted and prepared to receive a new program As each line of the program is entered it is compiled into a new task The END keyword indicates that all schedules have been entered While the BEGIN END construct is necessary only for the entry of multi line schedules it can contain any other commands Placing switches parameter definitions and alarms in the construct gives a program a more structured and easy to read appearance especially if indenting is used Managing Power page 15 In applications where power consumption is critical the datalaker has a sleep mode which reduces battery current draw from 120 400mA to less than 0 4mA The datalaker automatically wakes from sleep mode when input channels are to be scanned Plan your program to ensure that the datalaker does not wake more often than is necessary This particularly applies to the Statistical Sub schedules see page 3 and Alarms see page 9 Data Logging pases The datalaker stores data in internal memory 166 530 readings and in a Memory Card almost
180. to avoid magnetic fields and to use close twisted conductors for the signal wiring Shielding in steel pipe can be effective but is generally not economic or convenient The influence of noise can be minimised using the ESn channel option see Extra Samples on page 5 and averaging see Statistical Channels on page 6 Self Heating of Sensors Sensors that need excitation power to be read are heated by power dissipation This can be particularly acute with temperature sensors and some sensitive bridges Minimise error by minimising the excitation power exciting only when needed by using the excite terminal or by calibrating out steady state errors Accuracy The basic accuracy of the dataTaker is 0 1 of reading not full scale plus a small offset error 4V 40uV and 400V for each voltage measurement range at 25 The temperature coefficient for the scale factor is 20ppm T max Any one of the three basic ranges may be trimmed to 0 003 by trim pot or P1 The datalaker self calibrates its measurement circuits whenever its input voltage offset drifts by more than a value set by PO in microvolts defaults to 4uV The calibration procedure employs two standards a 2 500V 20ppm T voltage reference and a 100 02 10ppm reference resistor You can trim these with P1 and P3 see Parameters on page 11 and 17 on page 20 with the BGV channel type This is termed voltage excitation BGV cha
181. ts Date DD MM YYYY Date MM DD YYYY Day number DDDDD Decimal day DDDDD DDD e Time in HH MM SS decimal hour HH HHHH and seconds SSSSS 4 auto incrementing internal timers second minute hour and day of week for use in sequencing alarms calculations etc e Real time clock used for scan scheduling date and time stamping of data alarm timing and within calculations Measuring Ranges Page 31 Input Type Range Units Resolution DC Voltage 25 000 mV 1V 250 00 mV 10V 2500 0 mV 100V 7 000 V 250V Note 1 70 00 V 2 5mV Note 1 100 00 V 10mV Note 1 Attenuated DC Voltage Any range mV Depends on Attenuators DC Current 0 2500 mA 200nA Internal Shunts 2 500 mA 1pA 25 00 mA 10pA External Shunts Any range mA Depends on Shunt 4 20mA Loop 0 to 100 Percent 0 01 Resistance 10 000 Ohms 1mQ 100 00 Ohms 1mQ 500 0 Ohms 5mQ 7000 0 Ohms 50mQ Frequency 0 1 to 300 000 0 Hz 0 01Hz Period 30 000 to 3 uSec 1S Vibrating Wire 500 00 to 5000 00 Hz 0 01Hz Note 2 Temperature 250 0 to 1800 0 Deg C 0 1 420 0 to 3200 0 Deg F 0 1 Strain Gauges 104 to 104 ppm 1ppm and Bridges 105 to 109 ppm 10ppm 106 to 106 ppm 100ppm Digital Bit Oor1 State 1 Digital Byte 4 5 bits 0 15 0 31 State 1 Digital Average 0 00 to 1 00 State 0 01 Counter 0 to 65535 Counts 1 Phase Encoder 32768 to 32767 Counts 1 Analog State Oor1 State 1 Polynomials 9 9e 18 to 9 9e18 User 0 0001 Linear Spans 9 9e 18 to 9 9e18 User 0 0001
182. ule s SE Ref input will appear as an output on the datalaker s SE Ref terminal The input voltage range of the SE Ref input is identical to that of the dataTaker to which the Channel Expansion Module is attached This is 3 5V for the datalaker 500 and 600 models 100V for the datalaher 505 and 605 and Geologger 515 and 615 models Appendix Memory Card Processing Flow Chart Memory card inserted FORMATTED Display card ID Card ID is Boiler Room and beep once CARD may contain UNFORMATTED NEW CARD Format card data and or Beep once and display program Write Protected unable to format DATA Does card contain program and is Q switch ON in Datataker Issue E19 message to serial port Display card ID Card ID is 512KB card and beep once YES NO Run card program Add to Display Prog DECISIONS Datataker and card programs match and is NOCOPY not in card program Allow new data YES to be appended Add to display Append NO Does NO Sound one extra beep and display Can t Copy Data Issue E17 message to serial port YES Does Page 29 NOTES 1 Display of messages and sounding of beeper only occur on Datatakers fitted with a keypad display unit for example DT600 DT605 DT615 and Panel Mount Display
183. up to 4090 characters Commands are entered into the logger in the normal way except that each line must begin with a semi colon The logger copies lines prefixed by a semi colon into the program area of a memory card For example CSCANS CALARMS m n u P22 44 P24 13 ALARM1 1V gt 55 0 4DSO ALARM2 5TJ gt 107 0 Temp Alarm RA5M 1V 5TJ 2HSC LOGON Note If a program in a write protected PC Card memory card includes a RESET command then the Datataker will suspend operation until the card is removed or the write protect switch is moved to the disabled position Memory Cards and Programs added convenience When the commands are copied into the program area of the memory card these are appended to the current contents of the program area If there was a previously stored program on the memory card then the new program is appended to the old program The old program must first be cleared by a CPROG command if not required The STATUS command returns the used and available space in the program area of the memory card and STATUS8 also shows the full program listing The syntax of the card program is not checked until the program is first run Check the program by executing the RUNPROG command while the card is inserted or by removing and re inserting the card Inserting a card causes immediate program execution if Q is set to the default see below When is a Card Program Run When you insert a memory
184. uple accuracy figure varies slightly with thermocouple type and applies as percentage of Celsius scale That is the reading is 25 000Hz 16 3Hz at 25 C Firmware Installing Firmware The operating system software built into the datalaker is referred to as firmware and is located in the system Flash memory The datalaker functionality is determined by the version of firmware installed in the logger Whenever new versions of the datalaker firmware are developed and released these will be posted onto the datalaker web site at www datataker com and can be downloaded and installed into your logger The posting will include an application note detailing the procedure for installing the new firmware Notes Page 35 Index where to find it ASCII characters 13 23 action commands 9 text 9 accuracy 17 34 address 1 11 14 24 25 26 alarm 9 combining 9 number 9 output channels 9 schedule 3 9 arithmetic operators 7 assignment to parameters 11 to variables 7 to digital outputs 4 attenuated input 4 17 19 26 bar graph display 10 channel option 5 battery 15 connection 1 15 22 current 6 life 15 26 voltage 6 baud rate 1 13 24 25 26 BEGIN command 1 13 bridges 4 17 19 20 current excitation 17 voltage excitation 17 buzzer 4WARN 12 C CALARMS command 9 calculations 7 by channel options 5 7 calibration auto interval PO K 11
185. witch set so that the logger address is prefixed to data and responses For example for channels 1 3TT with switches set to n c u Land P22 32 space the default the returned data will have the following format 19 25 6 45 8 32 7 If the N switch is enabled default then the name Datataker is added to the logger address and the channels are identified Datataker 19 1TT 25 6 2TT 45 8 3TT 32 7 If the units text switch is also on U then the returned data will look like the following Datataker 19 1TT 25 6 Deg C 2TT 45 8 Deg C 3TT 32 7 Deg C Note that the logger address is placed at the beginning of each schedule s scan report Data unloaded from the data memory is treated identically An alternative method to identify the dateTaker from which the data is being sent is to load the data aker with an identifying string e g Logger 19 which is then included in a schedule For example the program 19 PumpHouse 19 19 1 3TT P22 44 n u will return data to the computer PumpHouse 19 25 6 45 8 32 7 This method allows any string of up to 80 characters to be used as the logger identification Special control characters may be included to assist in identification See Text String on page 6 and ASCIl Decimal Equivalents on page 23 Setting the Network Address The datalaker network address is set by a DIP switch in a binary code The DIP switch is accessed by removing the datalaker top cover Refer to the Ap
186. works Part Time Network If the main task is data logging then communications between the network and the computer can be infrequent hours days or weeks and so you can program and unload each logger in the network individually This is the same as using a single logger except that you must specifically address commands for each logger Page 14 Real Time Network Where the emphasis is on rapid response or tracking conditions network speed becomes vital There are many ways the network can be managed however as a general rule more speed leads to more complexity in host software 1 Poll channels one at a time This method is simple but slow Any polling over a network can take up to two seconds before a reply is received As only one operation is undertaken at a time there can be no confusion about the source of the data For example poll assume n u 21 2V receive 156 54 poll 29 STT receive 105 1 The polling speed can be as low as one channel every two seconds 2 Poll by alarms one at a time using the n command see Polling Alarm Data on page 9 This is similar to method 1 but is slightly faster as it returns the last reading of the alarm channel rather than initiating a new scan 3 Poll channel groups using the RX schedule see Polled Schedule on page 3 For example program logger 21 21 RX 2V 3 4TT FF1 u n logger 29 29 RX 1 4DS u n poll logger 21 21 X receive 21 156 54 23 5 28 9 poll logger
187. y By default data channels and alarms Status Screens Channel Screens i N Battery 90 4 123mA 6 8V 26 C data screens are displayed Alarm screens must be manually enabled for display or by setting A Scrolling above the top status screen moves to the last alarm screen or the last data channel screen if no alarms Battery Condition Approximate percent charge charging or discharging battery current battery voltage battery temperature Card Memory Used 452340 32 Int Memory Used 104562 63 Logging is OFF Schedules Halted c DX Schedules Active ABZ Time 12 53 12 Date 21 02 02 Datataker Q 9600 50Hz V7 xx Channel 5LM35 20 1 C Thermopile 0 P 25 751 mV Low FueL High Alarm 35 OFF Memory Card Data The number of data points logged and the percentage of memory card used if present Card Not Present or Memory Data points logged and percentage of internal memory used If logging to a card internal memory is used when the card is full if in stop when full mode o Logging Logging to Logging to wae 0 Condition and destination Schedules Halted and defined Schedules Active and defined i e not halted Time and date in the formats specified by P39 and P31 Sign On Screen showing address baud rate line frequency and firmware version Displayed on power up or RESET Default Channel Display format e g 5LM35 The value is of the most
188. yA 2 500mA or externally supplied source to each channel Full half and quarter bridges voltage or current excitation Multiplexer type relay Digital Inputs and Outputs 20 TTL CMOS Voltage free contact compatible digital input channels for digital state and byte input 10 Digital output for digital state and byte output 5 contact closures rated 110Vac dc at 5A 5 open collector outputs rated to 200mA at 30V All analog channels may also be used as digital inputs with a user definable voltage threshold Note the expansion module digital inputs do not support any counter channel types Module Installation The expansion module is connected to the datalaker via the 25 way expansion connector on the end of the logger s case A 50 cm 1 6 feet ribbon cable is provided Additional expansion modules can be chained end to end Expander 2 Expander datalaker Up to 2 Channel Expansion Modules may be connected to a datalaker The total cable length must be less than 2 meters 6 feet Before you install an expansion module disconnect mains power and all batteries from the datalaker After module connection power up the datalaker and the new channels will become available The first line returned by the TEST command will reflect the new hardware configuration A 6 indicates a Channel Expansion Module Channel Addressing Channel addressing on the expander follows the normal datalaker conventions except that
189. ype Label 5 TJ AV NL MX NL the first Channel Options see page 5 and default options column N CR gt C SaO S o gt Poy amp lt P Os attenuation factor attenuation factor current shunt Q current shunt Q 0 01 1mQ arm resistance Q 1ppm offset in ppm 0 1ppm longest period mS 1mHz longest period mS 1pS delay in mS 0 01Hz 1S 1D range 1 attenuation factor 0 1T OT resistance Q 0 1T OT resistance Q 0 1T OT resistance Q ote parallel resistor Q 0 1T shunt resistor Q 0 1T attenuation factor 01C calibration factor 0 1T 1 bit mask decimal 1 threshold mV 1 delay or width mS bit mask decimal delay or width mS range 1 range 1 range 1 prescaler mode 1 1 6 digits a See Channel Options Percent Ohms ppm ppm Hz uS Hz Time Day Counts Degc Degc Degc Degc Degc Degc Degc Degc State Byte State Counts Counts Counts none none none Page 4 This Example declares a thermocouple type J connected to channel 5 as a single ended input Channel Option NL indicates that the channel is not to be logged The logger returns two values the average reading AV at report time and the maximum MX since the previous report time Multiple Reports are possible from each channel by adding additional sets of Channel Options The datalaker samples the channel eg 5 TJ once every scan however the second and subsequent sets of

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