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1. In Figure 64 above the cursors have been positioned at approximately 100m and 2107m The loss calculation is performed on the signals at these cursor locations Although the sensornet MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 83 DTS signals propagate both ways along the fibre it is convention to record and specify losses on a one way basis As seen in the figure above the measured loss of the fibre cable in this measurement for Stokes is approximately 2 5dB total between the two cursors or 1 24dB km which is typical for good fibre at the DTS wavelength NOTE If comparing the fibre loss measured with the DTS against an OTDR for example please bare in mind the different wavelengths NOTE Although both Stokes and anti Stokes loss values are reported it is recommended that the Stokes loss value is used as a good indication of the fibre splice or connector loss since this parameter is much less temperature sensitive To measure the loss of a connector or splice simply zoom in on the feature and position the cursors immediately either side of the signal drop NOTE An increase or decrease in temperature at any position in the fibre will cause an increase or decrease in both the anti stokes and to a lesser degree the Stokes signals Hence the loss values recorded will be most accurate when there is little temperature difference at the two cursor positions VIEWING HISTORICA
2. ORYX DIS USER MANUAL CLOSE THE MONITORING GAP O sensornet Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page i CONTENTS SAFETY 1 GENERAL SAFETY ev eue vete eun cu eere e eve cn e eee pee ue ac 1 IE 2 INTRODUCTION SYSTEM OVERVIEW ssssscsscsssssssscsscccccsssssssecescesssesees 4 OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS eee ee ee etn annone taco 7 COMMUNICATIONS OPTIONS eeeeeeeee eene emen ene eset eset ese ese sess esas esee 11 FRONT PANEL INDICATORS eere eee eee eee eet tn nane see e e teta aano 13 INSTALLATION GUIDELINES nasse sese see toco 15 PHYSICAL INSTALLATION ie I eR vts etes En see ea bet ete irei 15 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION cccccesececececececececececececececscecececccccecececececececeeecececesevens 15 GETTING STARTED ecce sevo aeos anota coco sea once eese e cuo esso se r sta es toan ce dU Usa Ue 17 THE ORYX DATA COLLECTOR 20 SELECTING ROOT amp ADDING AN 20 CONFIGURING THE ORYX eeeeeee e e ememenemenenenetenes innen 29 THE DATA amp LOG FILES eeeee eene nn ener eterne senes nsns 41 GUIDE TO DTS MEASUREMENTS AND THE OR
3. The user is then prompted to enter a name for this configuration Installation Name and optionally any notes associated with this Figure 35 y Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 53 Oryx Data Collector 1000 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 length m Please enter the installation name and any notes you mish to save in the configuration file You may also deselect the saving option iF ectired WARNING this wil cause the DTS to run without saving data 1 Press lt NEXT gt gt when done Figure 35 Installation name screen of the configuration wizard After entering a name for the installation each channel can be activated Figure 36 and set up in turn If a channel is not activated the indication button is not illuminated and no further setup of that channel will be processed the wizard will skip to the next channel Figure 36 Channel 1 Activated The user is then prompted to collect data for a period of time By default this is 30 seconds but can be increased if a long fibre is connected Press Collect Data to begin Once data is available the Stokes and anti stokes signals are displayed as shown in Figure 37 CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP WWW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 54 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 D Oryx Data Collector t H EDO 1200 1520 2000 2500 3000 350 4000 4500 5000 ESD Cunficuralun
4. LIVE AND OPERATING Please take great care when cleaning the connectors on the inside of the Oryx The fibre optic connector panel can be removed by unscrewing the four knurled thumb screws and carefully removing the panel There is sufficient slack on the inside fibre pigtails to allow removal and cleaning CAUTION If one of the internal optical connectors is damaged the unit will need repair at Sensornet Only remove the Optical Connector Panel if a dirty connector has been inserted or the optical connector loss cannot be reduced by cleaning the external connector The uniters may also be cleaned by blowing clean air through to dislodge particles 1 The only exception to this is the MEMs based optical switch 2 Y Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 87 TROUBLESHOOTING Problem Checks Corrective Action Measurements not taking place Check reported on board temperature is within limits Check supply voltage is within limits reported in main log Check laser temperature within limits reported in Oryx system log Check all Power LEDs are illuminated during a measurement Check Main log and Oryx system log for other errors Temperature trace has excessive noise or does not read correctly to the end of the fibre Clean connectors Re splice fibre joints Check cable run for sharp bends breaks Check fibre types use in cable run Point losses and a fiber break can easily be identifie
5. padlock open To auto scale each axis one time only click the middle axis button while the padlock is open The Autoscale Activation Button distance in m temperature in C kure in a nt m P 7 The Format Button The Axis Label The Autoscale Padlock Figure 31 The scale Legend pallet Using the cursor control pallet Figure 32 the user can add and delete cursors and set whether the horizontal amp vertical cursors are locked to a displayed trace If the cursor is locked to a trace moving either horizontal or vertical cursor will cause the Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 51 opposite line to track the movement on trace enabling easy reading of values at a particular distance for instance Right click to obtain the cursor context menu 0 8 0 60 6 0360 26 2 Figure 32 The Cursor control pallet The graph pallet Figure 33 sets the function enabled when the cursor is positioned over graphical area The cross hair enables cursor actions the magnifying glass enables zooming and the hand allows panning movement of the trace within the graphical area The Advanced Zoom Control The Cross Hair Cursor The Hand Cursor Figure 33 The graph pallet Figure 34 Zoom functions The types of zoom functions are shown in Figure 34 and are available when the magnifying glass button is pressed The options are left to right top to bottorn e Band zoom user selects a reg
6. CAUTION If one of the internal optical connectors is damaged the unit will need repair at Sensornet Only remove the Optical Connector Panel if a dirty connector has been inserted or the optical connector loss cannot be reduced by cleaning the external connector In cases where the DTS is connected and disconnected frequently e g if the Oryx is transported to different sites for measurements the use of an external sacrificial Sensornet 2007 Page 10 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 patch lead is recommended This will add a small amount of additional loss but if the patch lead is damaged it can easily be replaced NOTE Please ensure the optical connectors are clean before inserting into the Oryx Dirty optical connectors are a major source of signal loss Clean the optical connector with a suitable cleaning cassette or alcohol damped swab It may be necessary to remove the Fibre Optic Connector Panel and clean the connector inside the Oryx if a dirty connector has been inserted Specialist connector inspection microscopes are useful for verifying that connectors are clean and free of foreign material Video inspection scopes can also be used to view the condition of connectors There are two methods for cleaning connectors and couplings which are approved by Sensornet Ltd The technique used is dependent on the type of contamination If the connector has been exposed to slight dust contamination the preferred method is using a cass
7. Wier is Fr u starl wheuiny Jala Lo respi yuu set up Ins DTE lease entar the accustios Eme seconcei and press 220 LECT DATA to proceed The DTS vil collact cata fcr Lto ah ith Foe an g he mi imum dates ex yuisition ne alumen is 15 sec acd is axma ve alus is 60 sec mde IF unsure use the cefault value of 0 ceconcs orge tires are only necessary For very leng fe lengths or For istalctions wth cesy connectors Press SNES wel es ido ae Figure 37 Configuration wizard data collected The red amp blue traces represent the Stokes and anti stokes signals respectively Some key features to note about the raw signal traces are e section from 50 to Om is the internal reference oven of the DTS e zero meter point is at the DTS output connector e With good continuous fibre the traces will show an exponential decay Point losses and temperature events along the fibre will cause the traces to deviate from a smooth exponential profile e The end of the fibre will be visible if less than the maximum range e background no light level should be at zero on the Y axis CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP WWNW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 55 Length dispersion Correction The next stage of the Configuration Wizard is to perform a length or dispersion correction The length correction process ensures t
8. can be used to accurately align the forward and reverse traces The fibre end point value should be adjusted to make the spike feature as narrow as possible this may not be the smallest amplitude however Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 73 NOTE Other features along the installed cable can also be used to align the forward and reverse traces Choosing a feature near the centre of the cable will ease this process since the signal levels are approximately equal at this position D Oryx Data Collector 981 SAN 71 im isn inn rs smn ze 2e AEN MN length m Wrghim Pa IL 9 Figure 52 Forward and reverse traces aligned This completes the double ended part of the configuration and on clicking Next the user is prompted to set the offset correction and follow through the rest of the setup as for the single ended case page 61 Once setup is complete amp the configuration has been uploaded to the Oryx exit to the main menu to begin collecting data sensornet MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 74 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 THE ORYX DATA VIEWER The Oryx data viewer ODV is used to view both the current last measurement taken and historical DTS temperature traces recorded by the Oryx This section provides information on installing and using this software NOTE The user cannot modify any settings on the Oryx DT
9. cannot be altered by the user CLOSE THE sensornet MONITO NING WWNW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 78 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 NOTE Although multiple Oryx units may be connected data from only one Oryx at a time may be viewed with the ODV Figure 58 selecting an Oryx for data view VIEWING LIVE DATA Once the root directory has been set and the desired Oryx selected using the menu in Figure 58 the display defaults to showing the most recent data downloaded from the Oryx see Figure 57 When viewing current data the ODV will display the data as soon as it is collected by the Oryx Data Collector NOTE The current data is only the most recent set of data downloaded from the Oryx DTS by the ODC This might not be the latest data actually on board the Oryx due to for example connection problems between the base unit and remote Oryx device The installation information Figure 59 shows the name of the current installation or configuration and the View configuration button allows the settings for that configuration to be seen This displays the details of the configuration but the values cannot be changed NOTE The configuration settings are specific to each installation and can only be changed from within in the Oryx Data Collector ODC software Figure 59 The Installation panel Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 79 Please see the section on the Oryx configurat
10. configuration wizard for correctly setting up the DTS BACKGROUND TO DTS Principle of operation The Oryx DTS system uses a short optical pulse to illuminate the glass core of an optical fibre As the optical pulse moves down the core of the optical fibre it is subjected to different types of radiation scattering The majority of the scattered radiation is because of naturally occurring density fluctuations frozen in the glass core and is known as Rayleigh scattering This type of scattering can provide information on the optical loss of the fibre as used in an OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflectometer This is not sensitive to temperature but must be considered when calibrating a DTS system A second type of scattered radiation is known as Raman scattering Raman scattering occurs when the original optical pulse energy is modified by the molecular vibration modes within the glass core Changes in the temperature of the fibre cause the energy and the population of these vibration states to change Light is scattered from the vibrating molecules and as it does so experience a kind of Doppler shift The scattered particles of light known as photons are shifted slightly in optical frequency When the optical photons loose energy to the glass they are down shifted in frequency and are referred to as Stokes photons Conversely when the optical photons gain energy the frequency is increased and are known as anti stokes photons Both
11. in a U tube 3 Define two reference sections which have a known temperature Eck BEL Note the temperature trace may not show the correct values in the reference sections until the next screen offset calbration has Figure 42 Slope calibration reference sections Click Next to proceed to the next stage Temperature Offset Calibration The temperature offset calibration is similar to the slope correction but now the absolute temperature reading of the DTS is calibrated As for the slope correction the user can choose between a fixed value correction or use a reference point or section of fibre In Figure 43 reference section has been selected as the calibration method and the offset reference has been selected as Point 800m entered with the temperature source as Fixed specifying the temperature at this point to be 25 The temperature source can also be selected to use one of the measured PT100 probes NOTE Only one reference section or point is required to set the offset calibration Page 62 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 D Oryx Data Collector Jsensornet Oryx Configuration Wizard anflgurng charne chanrel cf sat cclibration zonfigarction temperature 71 offsct calbraton auc GEENE amp 5 0 21 o 500 1020 1500 3co0 2500 3000 2507 length m ngh ma l is B rr 7 eS meca 1 mastre T efeneto ed 221 90 241
12. no power is applied to the board CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP Www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 14 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 CHANNEL INDICATORS These lights indicate which fibre channel is active When lit the relevant fibre is being measured If no lights are illuminated the system is in idle or warm up mode TEMP ERROR When illuminated indicates that the DTS is outside its environmental operating temperature range No measurements will occur whilst this condition is present Once the temperature is back within range the error will clear and the next scheduled measurement will take place LASER ERROR When illuminated indicates that the laser is outside its operating temperature range or a low laser output power No measurements will take place while this condition is present Once the temperature is back within range the error will clear and the next scheduled measurement will take place FAULT When illuminated indicates a general system fault not specifically identified by the other panel indicators STATUS This LED will flash during normal operation of the Oryx DTS In general the flash rate is as follows System idle slow flash Active measurement in progress fast flash If this LED does not flash on off or is constantly illuminated the system is in an error condition However note that during data transfer or heavy communications activity this LED may not flash DATA TX DATA
13. there is a modem connected to the COM port the user is prompted for a telephone number to dial amp connect to the remote Oryx device The base station telephone number is also prompted for so that the Oryx can dial in Once an Oryx has been added select the File Configuration tab Figure 13 Here you can select what output file types saved should be produced from the Oryx As a guide minimum the following files types should be saved e ddf data distributed temperature data files e df temperature information about zones e data PT100 and internal reference measurements The raw data files are very useful if a problem needs to be diagnosed by Sensornet For further information see page 44 for a description of the file types Lm NS Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 25 6 ORYX Data Collector R Figure 13 File saving settings The settings from the Advanced tab are used to set the frequency of communications and will become more important once additional Oryx devices have been added to your base unit Figure 14 shows the options available and they are described below COMMUNICATE WITH EACH ORYX AT LEAST ONCE EVERY The Base Unit will attempt to make a connection to the Oryx when it has not had any connection with that device for the time period specified here This ensures that even if an Oryx does not report back to the base station the base station will attempt communicati
14. time or range Configurations that have been previously set for the particular Oryx connected or other Oryx device can also be recalled for use or edited Qi sensornet ORYX Configuration Main Menu Figure 20 Configuration Editor Main Menu In most cases select Use existing configuration as template for the source configuration and this will allow the user to select an Oryx device a particular configuration or installation name and a particular configuration file associated with that installation name Sensornet 2007 Page 34 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 NOTE Different configuration files may be associated with a given installation name This gives the user the option to modify the measurement parameters without changing the installation name The configuration name is composed of the installation name followed by a date code and time stamp with a file extension of cfg If measurement parameters have been changed without changing the installation name a unique cfg file will still be created and a list of all such files will be seen under the Select Configuration drop down button If the Use default values as template option is checked the channel specific settings will be populated by default values The Installation Settings tab allows the user to enter a name for the configuration as well as set the repetition time time period between measurements and whether the Oryx should measure continuously or only p
15. to the protocol used If a communications link is not available the ORYX unit will buffer measurement data on board until a link is established or drive by data collection is undertaken Other features of the Oryx are e On board real time clock battery backed e Two independent PT100 resistance probes for aiding calibration e Robust fault tolerant communications data is stored on board until download acknowledged e Power saving feature idle mode activated if no measurements scheduled for 1min e power operation Solar or Wind power can be used Page 6 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 e Self protecting features idle mode activated if environmental temperature out of range or power supply voltage outside limits CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 7 OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS The following diagram illustrates the connections to the Oryx DTS unit All electrical connections are by removable screw terminals and optical connectors are E2000 APC type Figure 3 Oryx Connector Panel LIST OF CONNECTIONS 1 Input power Serial RS232 communications ports Com1 amp Com2 PT100 external probe connections 2 3 4 Fibre Optic connector panel 5 Earthing point 6 Laser emission warning symbol has 055 5 sensornet MONITORING GAP WWNW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 8 Oryx DTS User
16. user only needing to make fine adjustments y Page 56 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Oryx Data Collector fern alas laf e DTS now displaying the rave Stokes and anti Stokes signals just collected Wixp RE that some known point in the signal such as the end reflection is shown at the co e dfe ve ODD Nate my esr te dete ssl seo Figure 38 Length dispersion correction incorrect Figure 38 amp Figure 39 show the effect of incorrect and correct settings use the graphical zoom feature to clearly see the effect of alignment The adjustment is made by either clicking amp dragging the slide control or clicking within the value field defaults to 1 00000 and using the up and down arrows on the keyboard NOTE Ensure that the autoscale padlocks are not closed when adjustments are made otherwise the scales will zoom out automatically showing the full trace sensornet MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 57 Oryx Data Collector Ose nsornet Oryx Configuration Wizard Configuring channel channel 1 raw data length calibration configuration Stokes length correction 1 00020 Stokes refractive index anti Stokes refractive index 1 47670 1 47740 200 342049 HS 3995 JMS 3455 M65 3472 79 length m weno ff S deed ned The DTS i
17. using modem router check line quality or signal strength errors COM port not listed Check virtual COM port software application lists the COM on computer port amp is active Re boot computer Oryx date time Re boot computer and then synchronise the Oryx date incorrect time Should a fault need to be reported to Sensornet please include the following if possible 1 The Oryx serial number A full description of the fault An example ddf file of good data before the fault occurred Example ddf and raw files with the fault occurring The Main log txt The Oryx System Log txt from the Oryx in question Noon F o wm The current configuration file cfg located in Full Data Set lt name gt Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 SPECIFICATIONS PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS Page 89 Performance measured with the Oryx DTS at 25 ambient temperature unless otherwise specified Sensornet Ltd reserves the right to modify these specifications at any time Parameter Unit Value Comments SR XR Measurement time S 215 230 No upper limit Temperature accuracy 0 5 1 3 Max optical loss dB 7 4 5 Note 2 Maximum Range km 5 3 12 Max fibre length km 12 5 Note 2a Temperature Refer to r solution www sensornet co uk for latest spec Temperature range 200 to 600 Note 5 Sampling period 1 Spatial Resolution 2 Not
18. value of 1 2 to 1 5dB km at a wavelength of 975nm This is the wavelength of the light used in the Oryx DTS system Signal loss is an important consideration when designing and calibrating an optical fibre sensing network The known signal losses of the optical fibre are used to optimise the DTS system See the ODV section on page 82 for more information on measuring losses in fibre cables NOTE The light signal propagates along the optical fibre from the DTS system to the end of the optical fibre and back again This means the system will experience a 2 way signal loss of approximately 2 4dB km in good fibre Effect of Optical Fibre Cable on DTS Operation It is usually necessary to place the bare optical fibres into cables for protection These cables offer increased protection from environmental mechanical and electrical damage and interference When placing optical fibres in cables there are a number of factors to consider which will affect the choice of cable to use These are summarised below e The cable will insulate the optical fibre from the environment being measured This will reduce the response time to fast temperature changes Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 49 e cable design can drastically increase or decrease the bend sensitivity of the optical fibre Increased bend sensitivity can lead to increased noise levels being observed e cable environment amp insulation should be considered If one side of the ca
19. 10 03 23 10 16 28 Requesting system status 2010 03 23 10 16 20 Attempting connection on COML 2010 03 23 10 16 19 Data Collection started Figure 24 ODC Process Log Displayed logs can be filtered on a per Oryx basis via the drop down selection panel at the bottom of the window and un checking the verbose option will only display any error logs that have occurred The Status Panel Figure 25 allows the user to get a status overview of an Oryx at a particular point in time If more than one Oryx is connected to the base station they will each have their own information fields and Get Status Update buttons in the status panel Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 ORYX Data Collector ProcessLog Oryx Status Panel Next measurement cycle due at 23 03 2010 0 6 Serial Installation PT4 tes System ok Fauk Irdicators Laser idle Data Acquisition M General I Cptics per supply m finhnard Temp 23 37 Suppy voltage m Tenperature Measurements J PTLOO 1 241 99 PTLOO 2 241 99 Updated at 10 18 22 23 03 2010 GET STATUS UPDATE pc zomms Q Page 39 Figure 25 Oryx Status Panel Backto main mant A description of each of the information fields is given in the table below Label Description Note Updated at Time stamp at last status All errors and reported update values are valid
20. 2 terpestuwe cc EX sel Uis repetdion Lims aa dre number uf iws Lo canoe bef ae Uis solam sLups mesurar e clive dianidh The repecitior tine mast be ecua tn cr larger than he measurement tina and is tha Eme Lebweer the szarze of each measurement or t i i xaninle it the meaciterrent time lt 2 and the repstifien time iz Als hen he DTE wil 2 amp ct data every vini re 200 490 00 80 0 100 20 0 The vo dincuus box sol be f 1 e DTS is colleu cda itey Press MEX gt gt when done rr rm ool Figure 47 Setting the Repetition time and number of measurements The repetition time is the time taken for one complete measurement cycle and includes the measurement time for each channel and any idle time For example in Figure 47 two channels are configured to measure for 30 seconds each with an idle time of 60 seconds and then the cycle repeats This gives a repetition time of 2 minutes The repetition time can be set in seconds minutes hours or even days To enable the Oryx to log temperature traces continuously ensure the box is ticked Otherwise enter the total number of measurements to be taken before stopping NOTE The minimum repetition time allowed will be equal to the sum of measurement times for all active channels Uploading the Configuration On clicking next the user is prompted th
21. 90 The sews nd emperaire telibrekion sfr uisel The mast ac ura e way zo calibrate fcr offset isto refersnce section in Ehe ibre taat has known constant Eermpsrature or highes accuracy the reference se ticn should be towards the beginrinc of the fore cwer ard should be set tc a length cf al kal 201 Lu alum uresles avere i tematively ccnstan offset calibration factor zan be entered Tre defaut iz 1 200 Press lt NEXT gt gt when Figure 43 Offset correction point reference type selected Setting the calculation method Once the offset calibration is complete if any of the calibration options have been set as matched sections or reference section the user will be presented with a screen to set the method of the calibration calculation Figure 44 The two options are Dynamic and Fixed and can be set independently for slope and offset calibration e Dynamic in this case the calibration coefficient used will be calculated every measurement Hence the coefficient may change from trace to trace e Fixed in this case the calibration coefficient calculated during the setup wizard will be fixed and used for all calculations of temperature data traces In most cases it is recommended to set the method to fixed so that the calibration coefficients will not change from measurement to measurement However in certain cases for exampl
22. Configuring channel channel 1 slope calibration configuration temperature slope calculation fixed value xf fixed T slope calibration value temperature C reference type start m step m core dose dose temperature source fixed temperature 1000 500 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Wed d length m second slope reference length v E39 z 1 Uem IT ey eT Te albration reference type stet m stopim fenperetare c a rod i pais poit v zn 56 et default calibration temperature source fixed temperature reference section med match section The first temperature calibration is For slope eR EI There are a number of ways to correct For slope the best being dependent upon the installation ETT ETE 1 A fixed constant value can be chosen the default value is 1 000 2 Match two reference sections known to be at the same temperature This is best for installations where the fibre doubles back upon itself For example in a U tube Define two reference sections which have a known temperature Note the temperature trace may not show the correct values in the reference sections until the next screen offset caibration has Figure 40 Slope calibration fixed value Slope Calibration Matched Sections If matched sections are selected from the slope calibration drop down menu the user will be required to enter t
23. If the ODC fails to communicate with the Oryx the last reported status fields are greyed out Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 41 THE DATA amp LOG FILES During operation the ODC stores various data and configuration files within the Root folder specified at setup see page 22 An example of the expanded directory route is shown in Figure 26 Directories are indicated by blue rectangles and files by yellow rectangles lt channel gt lt date gt lt time gt lt seq gt ddf lt channel gt lt date gt lt time gt lt seq gt raw lt channel gt lt date gt lt time gt lt seq gt tdf Kinstallation date time cfg channel date time xml E same structure as full data set Oryx settings dts DTS config file log txt Oryx system log txt status ini Advanced ini Comms Config ini File Config ini Service ini Main Log txt Figure 26 Oryx DTS file structure CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP Www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 42 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Under the Root folder there will be a folder for each Oryx that is connected or has been connected to the base unit This Oryx ID folder will have a name equal to the serial number of the DTS All data system and log files pertaining to a particular Oryx device are stored within t
24. L DATA Viewing historical data using the ODV is similar to that described above for the current data The main differences are that the user can select any installation name or configuration and load multiple files for animation play back as a kind of time lapse view m EE Browse for historic deta onse Animate sow GENE J fast l2 Figure 65 Historic data selection Page 84 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 First ensure the correct Oryx is selected and then click the Browse button to load data The user is presented with the window shown in Figure 66 From here the desired installation configuration name channel year etc can be selected Click Load Day Data to select files from the particular day specified This brings up the dialog window shown in Figure 67 Highlight the files to be included and click Add or Remove as appropriate Figure 66 Choosing the data files to display in Historic mode NOTE Ticking the Add to previous data check box will allow different day or month data to be loaded at the same time Otherwise added data will simply replace the currently selected data Click OK to return and then OK again to use amp display the active files The user may then step through the files in sequence using the arrow buttons Figure 65 or animate automatically check the Animate check box at a variab
25. Manual v4 The table below lists all of the electrical connections TABLE OF CONNECTIONS Label Connection Note OV Negative terminal of supply V Positive terminal of supply GND Ground Rx Com Receive Connect to Tx terminal on PC modem com port Tx Com Transmit Connect to Rx terminal on PC modem com port 1 Current source Via Sensing terminal These terminals are for a standard 4 wire V1 Sensing terminal connection to a platinum resistance thermometer H Current sink Each of the electrical connector terminal blocks can be removed for ease of wiring It is recommended that the Oryx unit be earthed especially in out door installations Optical connections are made by simply inserting the E2000 connector into the appropriate optical channel Press the latch amp pull to disconnect see Figure 4 Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 9 IN Will not NA Depress latch amp pull to disconnect Figure 4 Connecting and disconnecting the E2000 optical connector NOTE Ensure the optical connector is pushed firmly into the housing and latches to obtain proper mating Typical connector loss is 0 1 0 3dB Values above 0 4dB would warrant cleaning the connectors The fibre optic connector panel can be removed by unscrewing the four knurled thumb screws and carefully removing the panel There is sufficient slack on the inside fibre pigtails to allow removal and cleaning
26. NG THERE ARE NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD THE OUTER CASING OF THE ORYX DTS BE REMOVED FAILURE TO OBSERVE THIS WARNING MAY PRESENT A RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK WARNING DO NOT OPERATE THE ORYX DTS IN AN EXPLOSIVE OR FLAMMABLE ATMOSPHERE FAILURE TO OBSERVE THIS WARNING MAY PRESENT A RISK OF EXPLOSION CAUTION The ORYX DTS should only be operated by suitably qualified personnel CAUTION Never operate the ORYX DTS if any damage is observed Contact Sensornet Ltd for advice LASER SAFETY The ORYX DTS is a Class 1M laser product The ORYX distributed sensing system incorporates a pulsed laser device whose invisible output radiation is potentially hazardous if viewed directly by eye The laser radiation emission from the laser within the ORYX DTS is permanently coupled into a 50 125 multimode optical fibre whose end is terminated with an APC angled polished optical fibre connector The Oryx DTS should be interfaced to a test fibre using patch cord or pigtail assembly fitted with an APC connector The far end of the test fibre should be terminated to prevent free space emission of laser radiation from the fibre end It is recommended that where possible fusion splices or APC connectors be utilized throughout the optical sensing network Because of the potential hazard posed by laser radiation being emitted from an exposed fibre end the following safety warnings cautions and notices shoul
27. ON If the baud rate or modem port is changed and the values are up loaded to the Oryx communication will be temporarily lost Re establish connection by removing the Oryx and scanning for it again page 22 It is recommended that COM1 on the Oryx is reserved for direct communications and COM2 for modem communications CO oryx Data Collector 12 14 43 zi p 5 0 00 000 E JDD MM PY YYY Figure 19 setting Oryx date amp time The Set Oryx Date amp Time tab allows the user to synchronise the Oryx on board time with the PC being used or set the date amp time to a particular value e g to take account of day light savings or if the Oryx is in a different time zone to the user NOTE If the base PC or laptop date and time are changed ensure that the PC is re booted before attempting to synchronise the Oryx time If this is not done the Oryx may be updated with the old PC date amp time Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 33 Clicking the button labelled GO will synchronise the Oryx date amp time to that of the computer being used When all the Oryx settings have been completed click on the Done button which will return the screen to the ODC main menu EDIT MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION Selecting this option allows the user to directly modify the measurement settings of an Oryx Use this option once you are familiar with the parameters or simply need to change the measurement
28. Oryx DTS User Manual v4 The Edit Measurement Configuration button enables the user to set an active configuration The default idle configuration can be modified to start taking measurements although the user is recommended to enter a new installation name Enable channels using the Channel specific settings tab and the Channel details sub tab Measurement or signal averaging time can be set as well as the overall repetition time under the appropriate tabs For example setting 2 channels active measuring each channel for 5 minutes repetition time 1 hour would result in 5 minutes measurement for each channel repeated every hour Select the Measurement Config Wizard button to be guided through the measurement setup process of the DTS NOTE If the idle time is greater than 60 seconds the laser and data acquisition module will be powered down between measurements to reduce power consumption Please see section 0 for how to set up an Oryx with the and a description of creating and editing configuration files and section 0 for a guide to the configuration wizard NOTE Clicking UPLOAD will upload a new configuration to the Oryx and will DELETE ALL MEASURMENTS on board the Oryx at that time Any data already downloaded to the PC is unaffected If selecting to start measurements as soon as possible there may be a delay of up to one repetition time before commencement of the first measurement Once the Oryx has been set up w
29. RX These LEDs flash on amp off indicating communications activity y Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 15 INSTALLATION GUIDELINES PHYSICAL INSTALLATION The Oryx DTS is designed for internal or external use but should be mounted within a suitable enclosure to protect against direct exposure to the elements A sealed enclosure to IP55 or better is recommended in extremely sandy dusty environments or offshore sea based locations Mounting brackets are provided and dimensions are detailed in section 0 page 93 CAUTION Extreme care should be taken when connecting or disconnecting the optical connectors Please ensure no particles or liquid enters the optical uniters and that the cable connector ferrules are clean before insertion OPERATION IN HOT CLIMATES Note that the maximum operating temperature of the Oryx DTS is 65 and care should be taken when mounting the Oryx in an enclosure If the Oryx is housed inside a sealed IP55 enclosure or similar please ensure sufficient free air flow around the housing A sun screen shadow box is essential to prevent heating by direct solar gain POWER SUPPLY The Oryx DTS operates on nominal 12 to 24VDC with a power consumption of 18W maximum The power supply used should be able to provide an initial turn on surge current refer to electrical specifications on page 92 In standby mode where no measurements are being taken the power consumption is 0 5W In remote regions a sui
30. S Please note that some details of the software may vary if your system is running a different version Once the data collector software has been installed from the CD ROM the ODC can be configured to auto start if installed on a permanent base station server This would ensure data is downloaded even if the computer rebooted for some reason On a laptop or other PC the user can launch the ODC as required to configure or collect data from Oryx unit s NOTE If Sensornet have supplied the computer hardware this will have the ODC and ODV pre installed and configured for the Oryx unit supplied NOTE Any reference to base station server equally applies to a laptop or other PC with the installed software SELECTING ROOT amp ADDING AN ORYX If it is the first time the ODC is run the user will need to specify a directory as the ROOT path and the dialog box shown in Figure 8 will be presented All data and configuration files will be stored below this directory Select Oryx Root Path Figure 8 Select Root Path Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 21 It is recommended that the user uses the default ROOT folder which is c Sensornet DTS To use a different folder instead first uncheck the use default checkbox Now clicking on the folder icon allows the user to browse for a different folder Once the browse window has the desired folder open i e the folder you wish to use as root is open and displaye
31. S using this software Use the ODC software to change settings and configuration SOFTWARE INSTALLATION amp LICENSING The ODV software should be installed by inserting the CD and running the setup exe file under the ODV directory If installing a new version please uninstall the old version first The user is recommended to accept the default directories and options presented The ODV software is licensed on a per computer basis If a license has not been purchased a free 10 day trial is allowed Once this has expired a licence key will be required for further use During the trial period the user may click on the splash screen displayed at program start Figure 53 to enter the license configuration screen Unlimited license Please wait Figure 53 The ODV splash screen NOTE If a laptop or base station server has been purchased from Sensornet the ODV will already be installed and license activated In order to activate the software with an unlimited license please install the ODV and send Sensornet the Site Code as displayed in Figure 54 below Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 75 eo Oryx Data Viewer License Configuration El Program License Help Program not authorized Site Code R673 7162 232 91 Validate Sile Key Sensornet oryx Data Viewer You can use lhis sulleare Fur a brialperiud uf 10 days Please curilact Sensornet to obtain a product key to unlock it for f
32. The temperature trace can be zoomed to clearly view any particular region of interest and the zone is highlighted Click the Add zone button to define the zone and add it to the list Once all zones have been defined click OK The user will then see a list of the defined zones and each is highlighted on the graphical display Figure 46 The temperature data associated with each zone is logged in the files with extension tdf Page 64 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 g Y 5 E 8 icon 150 2000 2500 3000 length m length m an temperature C _ amp Figure 45 Setting a zone Oryx Data Collector Oryx Configuration Wizard Configuring channel channel 1 zones list label statim endim a 1 999 93 1199 81 zonez 2000 32 2099 75 temperature C 500 500 1000 1500 2000 3000 length m length m ajase g ereas to alari The DTS can be set to record and save temperatures at certain points against time analogous to the operation of a chart recorder ADD zones REMOVE zones Choose the positions of any points to monitor and the spatial averaging required around those points Selected points are shown on the graph above wih their respective spatial averaging as red bars Points can be deselected by highlighting the appropriate row in the points table and
33. User Manual v4 Page 29 Select Save amp Exit to store the settings and return to the main menu CONFIGURING THE ORYX The main menu is grouped into two sections on the left background colour blue are the actions relating to configuring the base station server or laptop and on the right background colour yellow are those actions relating to setting up and controlling the remote Oryx unit itself The Edit Base Unit Configuration button is described in the previous section The Oryx unit ships from the factory with default settings which the user will most likely need to change The sections below describe how to set parameters on the Oryx e g date amp time and set up the DTS measurement ORYX Data Collector 3ase will start collecting data fom Oryx devices in 56 seconds if no other action is taken Figure 16 ODC Main Menu CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP WWNW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 30 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 ORYX SYSTEM CONFIGURATION This option enables the date amp time stored on the Oryx to be updated as well as the communications parameters to be modified If more than one Oryx has been set up on the base unit select the appropriate Oryx from the drop down menu at the top of Figure 17 Figure 17 Selecting an Oryx to configure The serial number and base station PC COM port used are displayed Click Next and the dialog in Figure 18 will be dis
34. YX CONFIGURATION WAZA RD X 46 BACKGROUND TO DTS 46 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE cesset emen enne emen enses sense sese sese sese senis 49 ORYX CONFIGURATION WIZARD ccccccccccccccccceecceccccecceeceeeseeeseeusceescenseessessseeesennss 52 DOUBLE ENDED MEASUREMENTS eere eee nenne 68 INTRODUCTION TO DOUBLE ENDED ccce eene 68 CONFIGURING A DOUBLE ENDED MEASUREMENT eee ementi enne 69 THE ORYX DATA VIEWER ee eee ee eene asses e tete en senes e 74 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION amp LICENSING cccccccececececececececececececececececececececeeevens 74 SETTING ROOT amp SELECTING AN ORYX ccccccecececeescscececseecececececececeeecseseeeeeeeeeeeess 75 VIEWING LIVE DATA 78 VIEWING HISTORICAL 83 CARE amp MAINTENANX CE eere teens tn 86 87 SPECIFICATIONS c Y 89 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS 89 OPERATING amp PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS ccce emen enne ener ene 90 DIMENSIONS itio lec eC e te ciel t a deter is Po 93 WARRANTY yo te Hiis ssec elo od bebe 93 Declaration of Co
35. aly at the same connector position The position of this connector should be used as the setting for the fibre end point and can be entered typed directly into the numerical field In Figure 51 the end point has been set at 3392m gt 75 Page 72 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 D Oryx Data Collector ERU 200 z 3420 3430 345 3440 JHS 3450 2460 6E 2462 7 6 length m 2 Dara ready Hess Next gt Fh Figure 51 Setting the fibre end point Once this is done the reverse raw data signals will start and end at exactly the same positions on the length scale see Figure 52 The combined red temperature trace should show a sensible reading although some deviation from the single ended calculation white trace will be apparent especially if there are fibre connectors splices etc in line or there are different types of fibre connected together NOTE An easy way to begin the alignment is to adjust the fibre end point value until the forward and reverse raw signals line up at the start and end of the traces Figure 52 In the case of a fibre loop formed from two fibres in one cable U installation the combined temperature trace will be symmetrical about the cable centre point as shown diagrammatically in 0 Due to the splice or bend at the end of such a cable it is also usual to observe a small spike either up or down at the centre point This feature
36. anced tab The settings from the Root Folder tab see Figure 15 allows you to change the current ROOT folder of the Oryx Data Collector Use the browse button to select a new folder to be used as ROOT There are two options available when moving the ROOT folder e Create new Root Folder only e Create new Root Folder and move historic data They are both described below Create new Root Folder only This option will move all the necessary configuration files from the current ROOT folder to the new folder but none of the acquired historic measurement data This Sensornet 2007 Page 28 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 will allow you to carry on communicating to all currently attached Oryx devices without having to reattach them Create new Root Folder and move historic data This option will move all the necessary configuration files from the current ROOT folder to the new folder as well as all the historic measurement data Click the Move to new Root Folder button to affect the change NOTE When you have changed the Root folder for the ODC and you have already set the Root folder for the ODV see The oryx data viewer on page 74 you will have to change the Root folder for the ODV as well To do this delete the C Program Files Sensornet Oryx OryxDataViewer ini file It will then prompt you to set the Root folder again when you launch the ODV application ORYX Data Collector Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS
37. and has a diameter of 250 microns The 50 125 optical fibre used with Oryx DTS system is categorised as Graded Index Multimode Fibre The term graded index is used to explain the glass core which is constructed to have a parabolic refractive index gradient which increases smoothly from a uniform value in the cladding to a maximum value at the centre of the core See Figure 29 The term multimode is used to explain the fact that the optical fibre can guide multiple modes of light along the optical fibre core This type of fibre gives better signal levels for DTS systems compared to a Singlemode optical fibre which is commonly used in telecommunications Page 48 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Refractive 50 125 Fibre index Cladding Fibre diameter Core 50 um RK Ps Primary coating 250 um ML 125 um Figure 29 Typical construction of graded index multimode optical fibre Signal Loss in Optical Fibres All optical fibres experience a marginal loss of signal owing to absorption radiation scattering and reflection This constant loss along the fibre results in the Stokes and anti stokes signals showing an exponential decay with distance Step loss points occur on or around joins connectors or splices or breaks in the optical fibre The overall loss of the signal within a length of optical fibre is expressed by its attenuation coefficient which is wavelength dependent The DTS signal loss typically has a
38. at all data on board the Oryx will be deleted when the configuration is uploaded data already downloaded to the PC is unaffected The start time of the first measurement can be specified or selected as Soon as possible see Figure 23 Because of the time taken to communicate with the Oryx and upload the configuration there may be a delay of up to one repetition period before the first measurement takes place Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 67 This completes the configuration wizard setup and the user is returned to the main menu to begin collecting data from the Oryx CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 68 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 DOUBLE ENDED MEASUREMENTS INTRODUCTION TO DOUBLE ENDED As briefly discussed on page 57 an effect known as differential loss within the sensing fibre can affect the calibration accuracy of any DTS system and needs to be corrected for Differential loss refers to the slightly different loss or attenuation in the fibre between the Stokes and the anti stokes signals In good fibre optic cable this loss difference is constant along the length of the fibre and the effect can be corrected for using a straight forward slope correction as described on page 58 There are two specific cases were the differential loss may not be constant along the whole length of the fibre cable 1 If there are connectors or severe bends in the fibre line Loss at the
39. at this time only PC comms Red indicates a failure to Comms failure or total communicate with Oryx power loss to Oryx Page 40 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Installation The name of the current User set configuration file Serial Oryx serial number Factory set Next measurement cycle The time the next due at measurement cycle will start System ok Green if system healthy Errors will self clear if the Red on error error condition clears State This will be green when th Oryx is measuring and yellow when idle Onboard Temp Internal temperature of Unit will shutdown if the Oryx outside of operating range Measurements Number of measurements stored on the Oryx PT100 1 amp 2 Value of the external PT100 probes If a system error has occurred no measurements will take place and one of the following LED indicators will also be illuminated e Laser error indicates a failure of the laser either no output power or temperature control failed e Data acquisition error indicates an error with the data acquisition module e Supply Voltage indicates that the power source to the Oryx is outside acceptable limits e Temp error indicates the Oryx device environmental operating temperature range is currently outside its e General Other system fault not specifically identified e Optics pwr Supply Indicates that there is a power supply issue to the Laser
40. ations Output Item Details Comments Serial RS232 x2 Defaults 115200b s 8 data bits 1 stop bit No parity Max cable length 3m On board storage 32MB Equivalent to 600 measurements at full range Ext Modem GSM GPRS Radio Satellite Optional Ext Serial External serial server required Optional Ethernet server Virtual COM port software required on PC Environmental Unit Min Max Comments Ambient operating SH c i 69 Note 2 Temperature XR 5 65 Storage 50 80 3 Page 92 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Electrical All models Unit Min Max Comments VDC Measurements are Supply voltage 11 26 suspended if outside this range Supply voliage System shutdown pp y vo tag VDC 5 26 8 outside this range absolute limits Note 5 Power on current SR A surge XR 3 24V 6 12V Power SR 18 consumption Note 4 4a Active XR 24 Power T PN Initiated if idle consumption W 0 5 Idle period gt 1min Weight amp Dimensions Unit Width Length Height Comments Size mm 303 5 365 7 114 5 ein Weight kg 7 NOTES 1 All models are Class 1M Laser products 2 95 RH max non condensing 3 When moved between places of differing temperature the Oryx DTS should be allowed to reach ambient temperature before measurements are attempted 4 SR 15 8W power draw at 22T am
41. bient 18W at temp erature extremes Excludes any communications module 4a XR 19 2W power draw at 22 C ambient 24W at tem perature extremes Excludes any communications module 5 Within this supply range communication with the Oryx is possible to retrieve System status etc Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 93 DIMENSIONS 350 00 114 50 330 00 n Pv ak n pna ia m TT I 4l d i H i ma I 6 404 I 33000 t i 215 00 5 IU Hole amp 4mm dia o B 4 BL 303 40 WARRANTY The Oryx DTS is guaranteed against manufacturing defects for one year from date of purchase Should there be a fault with the system please contact Sensornet Ltd for assistance Page 94 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 This page intentionally blank CLOSE THE sensornet MONITO NING GAP WWNW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Sensornet Ltd Head Office 340 Centennial Park Elstree Hertfordshire WD6 3TJ United Kingdom T 44 0 20 8236 2550 F 44 0 20 8236 2551 For more information and further worldwide offices please visit our website at www sensornet co uk sensornet BE THERE
42. ble is exposed to a different temperature than that of the other side the DTS may not accurately record the temperature of the installation being measured e The measurable temperature range of the optical fibres can be hampered by the temperature performance of the cable For more advice or information on cable selection for specific applications and environments please contact Sensornet Ltd Calibration Parameters There are several parameters which affect the temperature readings produced by the DTS These are summarised here and also described in the next section as the user is guided through the Calibration Wizard These parameters may differ across different fibre types as well as different fibre runs from the same manufacturer Hence it is necessary to set the parameters on the actual installed sensing fibre to ensure best accuracy The DTS is calibrated and set with default calibration constants at the factory however each installation should be checked on site e Length scaling parameter dispersion This parameter sets the length scaling of the Stokes signal to match the Anti Stokes This is necessary due to the fact that each of these signals travels at slightly different speeds in the fibre Fibre from different manufacturers may require small adjustment of this parameter e Temperature Slope This parameter sets the change in reported temperature along the length of fibre cable It is required to compensate for the differe
43. d be observed Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 3 WARNING DO NOT LOOK AT OR EXAMINE EXPOSED FIBRE OR CONNECTOR ENDS WHENEVER THE DTS IS IN OPERATION WARNING AVOID EYE EXPOSURE TO THE INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION EMITTED FROM FIBRE CONNECTORS OR EXPOSED FIBRE ENDS WARNING DO NOT EXAMINE OR INSPECT EXPOSED FIBRE OR CONNECTOR ENDS USING A VIEWING AID SUCH AS AN EYE LOUPE OR MICROSCOPE WHILE POWER IS APPLIED TO THE DTS WARNING DO NOT UNDERTAKE FUSION SPLICING OR SIMILAR FIBRE JOINTING WHEN THE DTS IS IN OPERATION WARNING THE DTS SYSTEM CONTAINS NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS AND THE PROTECTIVE HOUSING FULLY ENCLOSES A CLASS 3B EMBEDDED LASER DEVICE UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD THE PROTECTIVE HOUSING BE REMOVED Pb Sensornet 2007 Page 4 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 INTRODUCTION SYSTEM OVERVIEW Figure 1 The Oryx DTS The Sensornet ORYX DTS unit is an intelligent remote logging unit for collecting fully distributed temperature data over installed fibre optic cable The device will autonomously record the signals from up to 4 fibres store this data on board in non volatile memory and transmit the data back to a base station computer or download to a local PC laptop 32MB of on board memory is available which is sufficient to store approximately 600 separate DTS measurements The raw data is processed and temperature calculations are performed on the base station or laptop and this is where the data is permane
44. d from the raw signal display Typical connector loss 0 3dB Typical fusion splice loss 0 1dB one way Temperature trace exhibits step changes at fibre joints Clean connectors Re splice fibre joints Use double ended method Unstable calibration temperature trace jumps excessively after each measurement Incorrect slope or offset on temperature trace Check reference sections have been chosen appropriately Avoid reference sections across a temperature step Try using fixed calibration constants Clean connectors Error saving data writing to file or disk Ensure there are no spaces at the end of Installation or Channel names De select read only permissions for all files and folders in C Sensornet DTS and all files and folders in the Oryx ROOT folder ODC should be run under administrator privileges No communications with Oryx Check PC serial com port settings Oryx default 115200b s 8bit 1 stop bit no flow control Check Oryx COM port settings Lm D Page 88 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Problem Checks Corrective Action If using Serial Ethernet server check virtual com port software Check modem settings if connected Connect Oryx direct to serial port of computer Re scan for Oryx devices Probe Com port Figure 12 Check power supply to Oryx Frequent Reduce baud rate on Oryx amp rescan for Oryx communications If
45. d in the look in field click the button Current Folder see Figure 9 Select root directory 21 xl Look in amp Sensomet rx DTS EJ ie DEFAULT 2 pending configs My Recent PT2 Documents Badvanced ini Comms Config ini F ile Config ini Desktop E Main Log txt P service ini 9 My Documents JE Computer NES Filename Open Places Files of type All Files Cancel Figure 9 Example of root directory click Current Folder to select Sensornet Oryx DTS as the root Once the software has initialised the Sensornet DTS Oryx Main Menu will appear as shown in Figure 10 At this point the only options available will be Edit Base Unit Configuration and Exit sensornet MONTO RING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 22 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 ORYX Data Collector Figure 10 ODC Main Menu with no Oryx devices added EDIT BASE UNIT CONFIGURATION Select Edit Base Unit Configuration to make the Base Unit aware of any Oryx devices and how to communicate to them This will display the dialog window shown in Figure 11 CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 23 O ORYX Data Collector Serial Ory Td Figure 11 Base unit configuration screen To add an Oryx to
46. e only one end of the fibre connected to the DTS For the alternative combined or double ended correction please see section 0 page 68 Page 58 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Leaving the differential correction method set as single ended click Next Temperature Slope Calibration Three methods of setting the slope correction are provided e Fixed value e Matched sections e Temperature reference sections Each of these is described below Slope Calibration Fixed Value In this case the user manually adjusts the slope calibration value to obtain the correct slope of the temperature trace This is easily done for fibre at constant temperature along its length but can also be done if two sections of fibre are known to be at the same temperature This works best if the two sections are widely separated from each other The graphical display will update live as the slope value is adjusted using the slide control or the numerical value is modified See Figure 40 NOTE The absolute value or offset of the temperature trace does not need to be correct at this stage This is corrected for in the next section Offset correction The user should zoom into the temperature trace to an appropriate scale The original temperature trace is shown in grey and the trace calculated with the new slope setting is shown in white Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 59 Oryx Data Collector sensornet Oryx Configuration Wizard
47. e 4 PT100 temperature 50 to 4250 range PT100 accuracy 0 25 200 to 200 Note 6 40 to 656 RTC accuracy Min Yr 4 Note 7 Battery lifetime Yr 15 Note 8 50 125 graded index Fibre type multimode Note 9 EN Sensornet 2007 Page 90 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 NOTES 1 10 to 1506 Temperature accuracy can be imp roved dependent upon calibration at installation 2 Optical loss based on Stokes OTDR measurement from the DTS internal reference oven Includes 0 3dB for optical connector loss One way losses quoted 2a This is the absolute maximum fibre length which may be connected to the DTS Gross temperature inaccuracies may result if the fibre length exceeds this value 3 Preliminary 4 10 90 level of a temperature step of 20 5 Dependant on cable 6 1 5DIN probes 6mm diam x 50mm with standard temperature coefficient of 0 00385 4 wire connection 7 1min yr over 0 40C Leap year adjustment t o 2100 No on board daylight savings adjustment 8 Typical expected lifetime 10yrs at 70 C 17yrs at 40 CC 9 62 5um fibre may be used with reduced performance OPERATING amp PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS Unit Model Comments SR XR Wavelength nm 975 1550 Average mW 1 5 2 5 Note 1 output power Frequency kHz 8 5 Pulse energy nJ 150 350 Optical ports 2 4 Option Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 91 Communic
48. e are powered off to reduce power consumption nsornet ORYX Configuration Main Menu Figure 22 Edit configuration 2 channels active Sensornet 2007 Page 36 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Once all measurement parameters have been set the user is ready to upload the configuration to an Oryx Select the Oryx required and click Upload The user is prompted to correct any errors in the configuration and warnings such as Channel X not activated are displayed Errors will need to be corrected by clicking Edit values while warnings are for information only NOTE Clicking UPLOAD will upload a new configuration to the Oryx and will DELETE ALL MEASURMENTS on board the Oryx at that time Any data already downloaded to the PC is unaffected The user is prompted to select the start time of the measurement cycle see Figure 23 NOTE Ensure the Oryx date time has been synchronised to the base station Date amp time entered should be Oryx time NOTE If selecting to start measurements as soon as possible there may be a delay of up to one repetition time before commencement of the first measurement Figure 23 Selecting the start time of measurement cycle MEASUREMENT CONFIG WIZARD The Measurement config wizard option allows the user to be guided step by step through the DTS setup ensuring the calibration parameters are optimised for the Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 37 fibre cabl
49. e attached to each channel The user is initially prompted to select an Oryx and is then presented with the first screen of the configuration wizard The details of the configuration wizard and DTS measurements with the Oryx are described in detail under Oryx configuration wizard page 52 COLLECT DATA Collect Data enables the base station to communicate with an Oryx and download data This option will automatically be selected after a 60s countdown that gives the user a chance to select one of the other options to re configure the remote DTS or base unit NOTE The automatic data collect feature is useful in a permanent unattended installation where data should be collected continuously The ODC can be configured to restart if an operating system error or a reboot occurs Once Collect Data has been selected from the main menu a window is shown from where the user can switch between two views by selecting either Process Log or Oryx Status Panel The Process Log Figure 24 allows the user to view a summary or detailed log of all processes occurring with the Oryx unit Page 38 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 ORYX Data Collector Process Log Oryx Status Panel Time Stamp Details 2010 03 23 10 16 28 PT4 Connection closed 2010 03 23 10 16 28 PT4 Reading system event log an Oryx 2010 03 23 10 16 27 Requesting system status 2010 03 23 10 16 26 PT4 0 measurements an Oryx 2010 03 23 10 16 26 PT4 Connection established 20
50. e in harsh environments where the fibre properties may change dynamic method may be appropriate In this case however a combined or double ended measurement may be appropriate Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 63 D Oryx Data Collector Jsensornet 7 Oryx Configuration Wizard anflgurng charre chanrel shpa ralnetnn method 0 9987 FLA remnerarure rathrahar methar 200256 cmane 4 5 260375 1300 520 o 500 1020 1500 acao 2500 3000 zumo length m Bagh n 3 pieds EXT ralhraron 1 The display slices L re feel ar depe velues and i di ad rel er Mess are ur 1 cFztenze section E Tn save the ri namic aliis as the tee calhration vali e and hangata ied celihratinn press the anprmpriate FT hin Figure 44 Setting the method of slope and offset calculation Once the method has been selected click Next to proceed Adding Zones The user is presented with the option to add zones or regions of the fibre cable which can be monitored for average maximum minimum or variance maximum minus minimum temperature Click on the Add zones button to define the zones required Enter a zone label name and the start and end points as shown in Figure 45
51. erform a set number of measurements Sensornet ORYX Configuration Main Menu SS Qr AL I plnad ConFiguratinr Ta Desinatinn Oryx Figure 21 Editing the Channel settings Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 35 The Channel specific settings tab is where the detailed measurement settings are entered A particular channel of the Oryx channel 1 to 4 is selected from the drop down menu near the top of the window Figure 21 A channel is made active by selecting the channel details sub tab and clicking the channel active button to make it illuminated The other sub tabs set various calibration parameters and the range and averaging time NOTE See the section on Oryx configuration wizard page 52 for a more detailed explanation of the terms and parameters that can be set under the Channel specific settings tab NOTE Some values specifically distance values will be coerced to the nearest allowable value to that entered by the user Hence these parameters will not be set exactly as entered Once one or more channels have been activated for measurement the installation settings tab shows a coloured representation of the measurement settings for easy review As can be seen in Figure 22 two channels are active each with a measurement or averaging time of 1 minute and a repetition time of 5 minutes If the idle period is greater than 1 minute the laser and data acquisition modul
52. ette style cleaning tape If the connector has been exposed to grease lint free tissues wetted with alcohol or pre soaked wet wipes should be used WARNING UNDER CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD CONNECTIONS BE INSPECTED WHILE THE DTS SYSTEM IS LIVE AND OPERATING Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 11 COMMUNICATIONS OPTIONS Ysensor Oryx DTS BATA TX 1 1 1 EI C f Modem GPRS 1 1 1 1 I Serial Ethernet server Figure 5 Communication options By default the Oryx DTS ships with both com ports configured for direct serial RS232 connection This mode is used in the following situations e Direct connection of PC or laptop to serial port e Connection of Oryx to an Ethernet to serial device server e Connection to a Radio or GPRS data modem These communications links typically provide always up connection and are transparent to the protocol used CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP Www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 12 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 The Oryx DTS also supports modem commands AT command set for analogue communications links and this mode is used in the following situations e A telephone line is used with an analogue modem GSM modem using the GSM network The Oryx should have one of the com ports configured for modem operation by setting the baud rate initialization string and dial out telephone number At the base station a corresponding modem should be installed and configu
53. eztion direction funi ed pt m 1030 sco 2020 2500 3020 2600 Veharnal2 length Bw 1 ForwardScokes 4 Formardanti xeber revenge Steker 2d rener rara colectinr lt ready Hass Next gt rans CCL FC IREI DATE temperature ci i 1000 500 i 1200 1500 2000 2520 3003 3 03 length m lengh im allii Combined Ad ferward channel temperature fi Figure 50 Forward and reverse data collected Seiting the Fibre End Point The end point of the fibre now needs to be defined in order to correctly align the forward and reverse signals Using the graphical zoom functions expand the scale on the upper raw data display and the lower temperature display to clearly see the region around the end of the fibre A useful guide would be to have the length scale show about 150m to 200m at the end of the traces See Figure 51 Since the very last 50m of fibre is the internal reference section of the Oryx DTS the actual fibre cable end position is approximately 50m less than the point at which the raw data signals drop to zero This point is the connector at the output of the DTS and can typically been seen on the raw data traces as a small drop in signal due to the connector loss or a small spike due to a reflection An example of this is clear in Figure 51 upper plot The lower temperature plot may also show an anom
54. g on the folder icon allows the user to browse for a folder Once the browse window has the desired folder open i e the folder you wish to use as root is open and displayed in the look in field click the button Current Folder see Figure 56 ias me zem bs EFT EST b Comms Config ini G File Config ini E Main Log txt T service ini My Documents amp My Computer Figure 56 Example of ROOT directory Click Current Folder to select Sensornet Oryx DTS as the root CLOSE THE MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 77 On clicking Current Folder to set the root directory the user is presented with the main graphical view shown in Figure 57 This defaults to showing Current data i e the last data trace downloaded To the left of the main graphical area are the menu items and information panels The version number of the software is displayed near the top of the window under the Sensornet logo Figure 57 The ODV main view The data from different Oryx devices may be viewed from within the ODV All the Oryx devices connected to the base unit will be displayed in the Select Oryx drop menu from where one device can be selected Figure 58 Clicking the view system settings button enables the Oryx factory settings to be viewed which may be useful for trouble shooting by Sensornet These settings
55. hat the DTS measures the distance along the optical fibre with an optimum spatial resolution The DTS is pre calibrated for most common multimode optical fibres but may require fine adjustment As discussed above there are two component wavelengths propagating down the optical fibre at the same time These can be seen on the graphical display as red and blue plot lines The red plot represents the distributed stokes signal and the blue plot line the anti stokes signal Since the two component wavelengths propagate down the optical fibre at different speeds two group indexes are present in the system The user should performing a length or dispersion correction to align the stokes and anti stokes traces to a single reference point along the optical fibre The most common and easily identifiable feature to use as a reference point is the optical fibre end In most installations the optical fibre length is known at least approximately and can be recognised as the point where the signal traces drop to zero on the length axis NOTE The fibre end point may show different features depending on the termination of the fibre In some cases the signals may simply drop to zero amplitude in other cases a spike may be seen due to a larger reflection at the fibre end Aligning the stokes trace with the anti stokes allows the calibration wizard to set the System for optimal spatial resolution The default settings should be acceptable in most cases with the
56. he distance values for the start and end points of two zones or sections As described above for the fixed value case these matched sections should be known to both be at the same temperature or known to be physically co located such that the temperature profile over the sections is the same The software will then automatically calculate the slope calibration value See Figure 41 The two sections of fibre chosen will be highlighted by green and red bands The software will ensure that the calculated slope value sets the average temperature within these bands to be the same NOTE The absolute value or offset of the temperature trace does not need to be correct at this stage This is corrected for in the next section Offset correction Page 60 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 O Oryx Data Collector Oryx Configuration Wizard Configuring channel channel 1 slope calibration configuration temperature slope calculation match sections z Fixed T slope calibration value temperature C mooo S 0 90 1 110 first slope reference reference type start m stop m section 57 F 50 n soo 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 length m second slope reference feranw as 5 HE reference type Get feres c0 HEME B user calibration E 2osos 70 SUED default calibration section vf temperature source fixed temperature reference section fixed x neo match sec
57. his Oryx ID folder ORYX DATA FILES The Oryx DTS can generate different types of distributed data file that are stored permanently on the hard disks of the base station server or on a network share These can be read using Sensornet ORYX Data Viewer ODV software or using other tools such as FloQuest software or simply imported into spreadsheet applications The two types of text file are called Full Data and Temperature Only data files The ODC software can also generate XML files industry standard WITSML format that can be imported into database applications A latest folder contains only the last most recent data for a specific ORYX these files are overwritten with each new measurement This fixed directory is useful for automatic downloading of the data files on a regular basis The system generates historic data with the files saved in a Installation_name Channel Year Month hierarchy as shown in Figure 26 Full Data Set files are the complete data set generated by the Oryx DTS system after every repetition of the measurement cycle These contain the distributed temperature data raw signal data and various installation details name time date etc These data files have a ddf file extension NOTE The date and time of the file as reported by the Windows OS is simply the date and time the data was downloaded from the Oryx and may not correspond with when the log was taken The dtd files stored under the tempe
58. ion in both X amp Y axis to zoom to e Xzoom zoom on X axis only sensornet MONTO RING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 52 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 e Y zoom zoom on Y axis only Full scale zoom out to show full scale on both axes e Zoom out zoom out from cursor position e in zoom in from cursor position It is also possible to simply double click the start and end scale legend values on the graphical plot and enter numerical value to more precisely set the scales ORYX CONFIGURATION WIZARD Collecting data The Configuration Wizard is used to create a new configuration file whenever the Oryx DTS system is connected to a new installation Configuration files contain important calibration information for an individual installations ensuring the DTS can accurately measure temperature The DTS system is pre calibrated for use with common types of 50 125 graded index multimode optical fibre As such it is not essential to run the Configuration Wizard but is recommended for fine tuning the System for a specific installation To begin the Configuration Wizard select Measurement Config Wizard from the ODC main menu Figure 16 The user is prompted to select the particular Oryx required and then presented with the first wizard screen to allow an existing configuration to be loaded if required Select Load File if an existing configuration is to be loaded and modified otherwise click Next
59. ion wizard page 52 for a description of the individual configuration settings The data from each channel may be viewed individually using the selection menu shown in Figure 60 Historical data may also be viewed by clicking on the Historical tab viewing historical data is described in the next section Figure 60 Current data channel select The type of data displayed can be selected using the drop down menu below the channel selector the options are shown in Figure 61 Figure 61 Selecting the display type A description of the features associated with each of these displays is given below Immediately below the display type selector are two drop down menus that allow the user to select between SI Meters Centigrade or Imperial units Feet Fahrenheit of measure SI units are used by default and regardless of the display selection only SI units are saved to disk CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP WWNW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 80 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 fle path U iPT3WdataVstest file name channel 1 ddf starttime 16 29 25 start date 2C00 07 13 Figure 62 Displayed file details Just below the units selection are displayed some details about the data file that is currently being displayed file path name measurement start time amp date These details are automatically updated as new data arrives see Figure 62 The different display types are now described Di
60. ith a measurement configuration click the Collect data button to begin monitoring each Oryx connected to the base station PC The ODC software will receive a data ready signal from each Oryx when a measurement has been recorded and will automatically download all data from the DTS The user can also query the status of each Oryx by clicking the Get Status Update button on the status panel see Figure 25 NOTE Data will only be downloaded from the Oryx when the ODC is running and the Process Log or Oryx Status Panel screen is visible If this software is not running or there is a communications failure data will be stored on the Oryx until communication is restored NOTE To avoid frequent communications traffic with the Oryx the ODC software will wait for a data ready message from the Oryx before downloading data The user can force all data to be downloaded by simply clicking the relevant Get Status Update button on the Oryx status panel 2 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 19 While the ODC is downloading data from the Oryx device s connected live temperature data can be viewed using the ODV software Please see the ODV section later in this manual Page 74 CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 20 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 THE ORYX DATA COLLECTOR ODC This section describes the use of the ODC software for communicating with amp setting up the Oryx DT
61. l Data set Latest EL LUN Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 File Type Type Location Page 45 Purpose raw Full Data set type Contains the raw un corrected Stokes amp anti stokes data Potentially useful to Sensornet for trouble Full Data set shooting cfg Configuration file This file defines the measurement parameters for a Full data set specific installation A new Configuration File is installation created whenever the Configuration Wizard is run and whenever the contents of the existing Configuration File are revised Users are advised not to manually edit this file log txt Log file Text files recording system activity See text above ini Initialisation file Various files for the configuration of the ODC software Do not delete or modify dts DTS system file Oryx DTS system files Do not delete or modify The user can select which data file types are saved on the base station see Figure 13 Sensornet recommends checking the following options ddf data and or dtd data tdf data tcd data and or WITSML if required The raw files are useful for Sensornet if a fault with the temperature reading occurs E 9 E Sensornet 2007 Page 46 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 GUIDE TO DTS MEASUREMENTS AND THE ORYX CONFIGURATION WIZARD This section will provide some background to DTS measurements and a guide to the Oryx DTS
62. le rate Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 85 Figure 67 Selecting data files The Load Installation Data button Figure 66 will load all data associated with the particular installation name selected i e over all months and all channels Please be aware that this could be a significant number of files and severely slow the computer tt sensornet MONITORING GAP WWW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 86 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 CARE amp MAINTENANCE The Oryx DTS is designed for low maintenance operation There are no moving parts inside the DTS and user maintenance is limited to cleaning of the optical connectors External connectors should be cleaned before insertion into the Oryx Specialist connector inspection microscopes are useful for verifying that connectors are clean and free of foreign material Video inspection scopes can also be used to view the condition of connectors There are two methods for cleaning connectors and couplings recommended The technique used is dependent on the type of contamination If the connector has been exposed to slight dust contamination the preferred method is using a cassette style cleaning tape If the connector has been exposed to grease lint free tissues wetted with alcohol or pre soaked wet wipes should be used WARNING UNDER CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD CONNECTIONS BE INSPECTED WHILE THE DTS SYSTEM IS
63. n Test differential loss correct single ended forward channel channel 1 reverse channel N A date 28 08 2008 time 11 16 27 forward acquisition tim 60 reverse acquisition tim 0 497 5708 k internal 0 2906 k external 0 2806 temperature offset cali 1 default loss term dB l 0 3726 temperature slope cali 1 multiplexer offset 1 multiplexer slope 1 fibre end 0 T internal ref C 23 T ext ref 1 C 1258 77 T ext ref 2 C 241 8 length temperature Stokes anti Stokes 6867 189 678 1 161 0 011 685 985 49 469 4 002 3 021 684 971 125 312 1 275 0 155 nemen iDrawy g Autoshapes N MOO MAS 2 Figure 27 Example of the ddf data file type imported into spreadsheet Given the potentially large quantity of data that the DTS records the ddf files full data set can be up to 800kb in size while the dtd files temperature only can be up to 200kb CLOSE THE sensornet Diener CN CD YU Www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 44 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 ORYX SYSTEM amp LOG FILES System settings configuration and log files are stored under the Root directory and also under the DTS System Files and Log directories for each respective Oryx Most of these files are critical to the correct operation of the ODC software and should not be moved renamed or deleted The Main Log txt file under ROOT logs all errors and significant events repor
64. nce in optical loss between the Stokes and anti stokes signals This parameter is not required for a double ended measurement please see page 68 e Temperature Offset This parameter sets the overall offset of the reported temperature trace This is necessary fundamentally from the scattering and capture efficiency of each signal in the fibre GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE The Graphical Interface is a sophisticated display tool which the software utilises to display and manipulate the distributed raw amp temperature data The main graphical Lm NS Page 50 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 interface is shown in Figure 30 amp details of the graphical pallets in the following figures Oryx Data Collector Wizard stage sensornet Oryx Configuration Wizard configuration file loaded Configuration file loaded if Load file selected Main graphical Tio o mo 2000 3000 4000 swo OD 7000 000 9000 1000 1 000 10000 13000 displa l pay length m ajja B raw date aliy through the steps to set up configuration parameters for the DTS system Scale Legend ANCEL gt to ext the wizard at any stage Information to Cursor control Graph pallet Figure 30 Elements of the graphical interface The scale legend pallet below identifies the X amp Y axes and controls the format of the axes linear or log etc and whether the axes are auto scaling padlock closed or fixed
65. nd improve the signal to noise ratio NOTE The noise reduction follows an inverse square root law with measurement time i e to reduce the noise by a factor of 2 the measurement time needs to be increased by a factor of 4 For very short measurement times 30s a portion of the time is used for transferring the data to memory The exact period of data transfer time depends on the range selected It may be important to ensure the measurement time is short enough to capture any thermal changes in the system being monitored but also long enough to reduce the noise to acceptable levels and resolve small temperature differences Further Channel setup Following the spatial averaging and measurement time screen the user is prompted to configure other channels in a similar manner if required If other channels are not required simply leave the channel de activated Repetition Time amp Number of Measurements The next screen is where the user defines the repetition time and whether the DTS should measure continuously or record only a set number of measurements and then stop Figure 47 rs Page 66 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 D Oryx Data Collector sensornet Oryx Configuration Wizard Configuring Irstellation Oryx ons Contiguraicn temperature 1 approximate stop dareendtme restre emtinous moasur2ment en 200 1 00 500 00 100 150 2000 length channel
66. nformity We the manufacturer Sensornet Ltd 340 Centennial Park Elstree London WD6 3TJ United Kingdom declare that the product ORYX DTS Distributed Temperature Sensor conforms with the essential requirements of the EMC Directive 2004 108 E and Low Voltage Directive 2006 95 EC based on the following EU Harmonsied Standards EMCD 2004 108 E C LVD 2006 95 EC BS EN 61326 Electrical equipment for BSEN61010 Safety requirements for electrical 1 2006 measurement control and 1 2001 equipment for measurement laboratory use EMC requirements control and laboratory use Part 1 General requirements Part 1 General requirements BSEN Information technology equipment BSEN 60825 Safety oflaser products Part 1 55022 1998 Radio disturbance characteristics 1 2007 Equipment classification and requirements The manufacturer also declares the conformity of above mentioned product with the following National amp EU Harmonised Standards Harmonised Standard BSEN610004 Electromagnetic compatibility 3 2006 EMC Part 4 3 Testing and measurement techniques Radiated radio frequency electromagnetic field immunity test BSEN610004 Electromagnetic compatibility National Standard FCC CFR47Ptl5 FCC Rules amp Regulations Pt15 ClassA USA ICES 003 Spectrum Management and 2 1995 EMC Part 4 2 Testing and Telecommunications Policy measurement techniques Interference Causing Equipment Electr
67. ntly stored The base station server runs Sensornet software which communicates with multiple Oryx units in the field and allows configuration changes from a central control room CCR Users can connect to the base station to view the temperature data using Sensornet software CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP Www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 5 or other third party tools The data files can also be imported into a spreadsheet application Base Station Communications Viewer b Networks 3 TN Figure 2 Overview of communications amp connectivity The Oryx is provided with dedicated software to communicate with and configure the remote DTS unit s Oryx data collection ODC software It is important to note that since the temperature calculation is performed on the base station server third party communication to the Oryx its self is not required and only occurs through the Sensornet ODC software Because of the sophisticated nature of the Oryx and the volume of data collected and transmitted back to the base station a proprietary protocol has been established for direct communication with the Oryx This currently operates over a serial RS232 communications link Sensornet provides several options for this communications link such as radio or GPRS modems serial over Ethernet or alternatively existing communications infrastructure can be used if the link is transparent
68. of these signal photons travel back along the fibre and are detected in the DTS The ratio of anti stokes to stokes from a constant optical pulse can be used to calculate temperature The DTS system uses the anti stokes to stokes ratio in conjunction with the time of flight of the optical pulse to determine the temperature of the fibre at a given point The principle of operation is depicted in Figure 28 The Raw signal display in the ODC configuration wizard and in the ODV software shows these Stokes and Anti Stokes signals which the user can use for checking fibre cable integrity and losses this is described in the ODV section Raw Data Display page 82 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 47 M Pulsed laser ant 7 m Fibre optic cable i WU unit DTS Figure 28 Principle of DTS operation Optical Fibre Construction An optical fibre consists of a cylindrically symmetric strand of glass composed of a central core which is surrounded by an outer cladding this is known as bare fibre The core amp cladding guide light travelling down the fibre The Oryx DTS system is optimised to use a 50 125 optical fibre which has a core diameter of 50 microns and a cladding diameter of 125 microns The bare fibre is surrounded by the primary coating The primary coating allows the optical fibre to be physically handled while preventing mechanical damage to the central core and cladding The primary coating is commonly made from acrylate
69. on with that Oryx and obtain its system status This will alert the user of possible problems with either communications or the device Sensornet 2007 Page 26 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 ORYX CONNECTION SESSION LENGTH The Base Unit will disconnect from an Oryx it is connected to after the time period specified This will give the Base Unit a chance to connect to other Oryx devices attached to the Base Unit This ensures that a particular Oryx does not occupy the Base Unit at the cost of ignoring the others for long periods of time BREAK UP MEASUREMENT DATA IN PACKETS If you enable this option all the measurement data will be broken up into smaller packets You can also set the size of the data packets This could be useful for certain installations where you have a less reliable communications link between the Oryx and the Base Unit If the transmission of a smaller packet fails then only that packet has to be retransmitted instead of the complete data file IGNORE DATA READY MESSAGES FROM ORYX This will cause the Base Unit to ignore data ready messages from the Oryx When this option is not enabled an Oryx will let the Base Unit know as soon as it has acquired some data In certain circumstances it might be more beneficial for the Base Unit to rather poll the Oryx for data at regular intervals Y Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 27 G ORYX Data Collector Figure 14 Base Unit Configuration Adv
70. ostatic discharge immunity Standard Digital Apparatus test Canada VP Production amp Development Peter N Kean Chief Technology Officer Dan Watley This page intentionally blank Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 1 SAFETY GENERAL SAFETY The following section provides Warnings Cautions and Notes covering general safety aspects for the Oryx DTS Please read all of the safety and operational warnings before connecting and operating this product WARNING THIS IS A WARNING SYMBOL THIS SYMBOL IS USED THROUGHOUT THE USER GUIDE WHENEVER THERE IS A RISK OF PERSONAL INJURY ENSURE THAT THESE WARNINGS ARE READ AND UNDERSTOOD AT ALL TIMES CAUTION This is a Caution symbol This symbol is used throughout the user guide whenever there is a risk of damaging the Oryx DTS system Ensure that these warnings are read and understood at all times gt gt NOTES Used throughout the user guide to provide additional information hints and tips WARNING THE ORYX DTS IS HEAVY ENSURE ADEQUATE CARE IS TAKEN WHEN LIFTING AND MOVING THE UNIT SHOULD BE MOUNTED ON A SUITABLE SURFACE OR RACK MOUNT CAPABLE OF SUPPORTING THE WEIGHT THE ORYX DTS WEIGHS 7KG CAUTION Ensure the ORYX DTS is connected to a suitable electrical supply 12 24VDC should be used WARNING ENSURE THE ORYX DTS IS ADEQUATELY EARTHED FAILURE TO OBSERVE THIS WARNING MAY PRESENT A RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 WARNI
71. played CLOSE THE sensornet MONITO NING GAP WWNW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 31 O Oryx Data Collector ATD 07975104437 07975104439 Figure 18 Setting Oryx communication parameters NOTE The COM1 amp COM2 labels referred to in Figure 18 are the communications ports on the Oryx unit not the base PC By default both the communications ports on the Oryx are configured for direct connection not modem use A description of the settings and options are listed below e Modem dial amp initialization string Dialling and initialization strings for the attached modem The default values are universally accepted but please check the particular modem being used e Oryx amp Base station telephone number If a modem is to be connected enter the appropriate telephone numbers here e Hang up after Oryx will hang up the modem after this time out with no comms activity e Modem port Displays or selects which COM port on the Oryx is connected to a modem CLOSE THE MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 32 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 COM1 amp 2 baud rate Displays or selects the baud rate for each COM port The baud rate may need to be reduced if excessive communication errors are reported e Update Oryx Sends the displayed parameters to the Oryx unit Any new values will be applied immediately CAUTI
72. pressing lt REMOYE POINTS gt multiple rows can be selected by holding down the CTRL key Press lt NEXT gt gt when done lt BACK 1 NEXT gt Figure 46 The list of defined zones Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 65 Click Next to proceed Setting the Spatial Averaging amp Measurement Time The user is then prompted to set the spatial averaging and measurement time The spatial averaging does not affect the way the DTS takes measurements but simply combines a certain number of adjacent measurement points into one data point by calculating the mean of those temperature points The effect of this is to reduce the measurement noise point to point variations but reduces the spatial resolution smoothing of features along the fibre The default value is the minimum spatial averaging allowed by the system no point to point averaging This minimum spatial resolution is determined by the pulse duration of the laser and the sampling period of the data acquisition system The measurement time is the time taken to collect data average the signals on board and transfer to on board memory During most of the measurement time the laser will be active and repeated firing or triggers of the laser are recorded These signals are averaged on board to reduce the noise on the final temperature data trace and improve the temperature resolution Hence longer measurement times will reduce the noise a
73. r Manual v4 channel version Click the Measurement Config Wizard button on the ODC main menu Figure 7 and follow through the procedure up to the differential loss configuration screen 0 Oryx Data Collector o data coleczec fo etur channel Praze EET JAN CATAS bo continue length Figure 49 Combined Double ended measurement selected for differential loss correction Select Combined as the differential loss correction and then select the appropriate channel which will be paired with the current channel to take the reverse DTS measurement Figure 49 Click Collected Return Data to measure the fibre loop from the opposite end Referring to Figure 50 the upper graphical plot will now show four traces the Stokes and anti Stokes from each end of the fibre Only part of the reverse traces may be displayed at this point The lower plot shows two temperature traces the white plot is that calculated from the first forward measured data single ended and the red plot is the temperature trace calculated from the combined or double ended data The combined temperature trace will most probably be incorrect at this stage because the fibre end point setting is not correctly set Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 71 Oryx Data Collector sensornet Oryx Configuration Wizard Zanfigurha charre dfferenta loss cerflguracion dtte ertial loss co r
74. rature only directory contain a simplified header structure and only the temperature data in a single column with the first two numeric values being the start distance and the distance step size respectively The values following are the temperature data recorded at each incremental distance step To import the data files into a spreadsheet load the file via the all file types extension An example of the ddf file is shown in Figure 27 It is worth noting that aside from the distributed temperature sensing data the header section contains information such as the date and time of measurement various measurement parameters a data status field and some calibration constants used by the Oryx DTS These constants are used in the optical performance calculations performed by the Sentinel DTS and may be required by Sensornet Ltd in case of a calibration error Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 43 Other files types are described in the table on page 44 EJ Microsoft Excel channel 1 20090828 111627 00001 ddf 101 deu File Edit View Insert Format Tools Data Exchequer Window Help 8 ingdadidadia dSXaa 49 co 9 i B fta 1315 A idi ga Ye Reply with Changes End Review E i Arial 10 BZU amp 1 DTS Sentinel unit seri PT2 Multiplexer serial num ORYX Hardware model numb OX2 Software version numE ORYX FAW v1 02 Oryx Data Collector v3 7 1 3 data status ok installatio
75. red using the ODC software with the matching baud rate and the Oryx telephone number If a radio or GPRS modem router is installed these should be configured as per the manufacturer instructions at the remote Oryx site and if applicable the base station NOTE For GPRS the user will be required to provide a SIM card with fixed IP address suitable for machine machine communications Your network provider should be able to help with the configuration amp VPN virtual private network settings If using a serial Ethernet converter only one device needs to be installed at the Oryx site but software device drivers will need to be installed on the PC laptop to map a TCP socket to a virtual com port Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 13 FRONT PANEL INDICATORS sensor Oryx DTS INPUT POWER CHANNEL 1 OPTICS POWER CHANNEL 2 DATA ACQUISITION CHANNEL 3 TEMP ERROR CHANNEL 4 LASER ERROR FAULT DATA RX STATUS DATA TX Figure 6 Oryx Front Panel description of labels below INPUT POWER When illuminated this indicates that power is applied and the DTS is in operation OPTICS POWER When illuminated this indicates that power is applied to the optics amp laser unit During an idle period this LED is not illuminated and no power is applied to the optics and laser DATA ACQUISITION When illuminated this indicates that power is applied to the data acquisition board During an idle period this LED is not illuminated and
76. s now displaying the raw Stokes and anti Stokes signals just collected If necessary adjust the length correction Factor o that some known point in the signal such as the end reflection is shown at the correct position The default value is 1 000 Note it may be easier to do this with the graph scale set ta log Press NEXT when done Figure 39 Length dispersion correction correct Setting the Measurement Range The next screen allows the user to specify the measurement range The maximum fibre length is measured by default but the user can reduce the range to avoid unnecessary data being collected and reduce data transfer times Temperature data beyond the end of the fibre typically appears as very large amplitude noise 200 to 700 The graphical zoom buttons can be u sed to zoom in on the end of the fibre or end of the region of interest to help set the maximum measurement range Differential loss correction Single ended The next stage is to set the method of differential loss correction This is required to correct for the slightly different loss in the fibre of the Stokes signal compared to the anti stokes signal which may vary from fibre to fibre For a continuous length of fibre at constant temperature this differential loss correction appears to affect the slope of temperature vs distance hence it is referred to as slope correction In this section single ended correction will be assumed i
77. se points is sometimes unavoidable and furthermore the loss may be different for each of the Stokes and anti stokes signals This point like differential loss results in an artificial temperature step at the connector or bend point 2 If the fibre is subject to harsh environments where there is the possibility of hydrogen ingress This can cause the attenuation of the fibre to change and again the change may be different for the Stokes and anti Stokes signals Generally the change in attenuation only occurs in the exposed region and other parts of the fibre are unaffected The effects described above will result in the differential loss changing along the length of the fibre in one case at a definite point in the other over an extended region of fibre In both cases the effect can be corrected for by using what is known as a combined or double ended measurement This relies on both ends of the fibre being connected to the DTS and a measurement is taken from each end of the fibre before a temperature profile is calculated As long as both ends of the fibre optic cable can be connected to the DTS a double ended measurement can be performed The fibre cable can be routed around an installation and reconnected to the DTS the fibre does not retrace its path or two fibres may be inside one cable with a splice to join the ends such that the fibre physically retraces its path back to the DTS so called U installation NOTE It is not nece
78. ssary for the fibre to physically retrace its path for double ended method to work Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 69 In the case of two fibres in one cable the physical range of the DTS system is halved since the effective fibre length is twice the cable length 0 shows an example double ended U type installation with typical appearance of the temperature traces recorded from either end of the fibre and the combined result Temperature Distance Double ended or combined measurement Reverse Forward measurement measurement Splice Figure 48 Double ended measurement with 2 fibres in one cable The double ended measurement will correct for static and evolving changes in the fibre for every measurement There are two main differences this method introduces to the DTS measurement compared to the single ended method e physical range of the DTS is halved since both ends of the fibre must connect to the DTS e noise performance temperature resolution is degraded at each end of the fibre but best in the middle of the fibre This is a consequence of combining the measurements from each end of the fibre CONFIGURING A DOUBLE ENDED MEASUREMENT A double ended measurement should be configured only by using the configuration wizard within the ODC Ensure both ends of the fibre optic line are connected to the DTS forming a single measurement loop Two such loops can be used with the 4 Page 70 Oryx DTS Use
79. stributed Temperature Display This is the main temperature display see Figure 57 showing temperature recorded along the fibre optic cable The user can pan zoom in out and move cursors on the temperature display by clicking the appropriate button on the graphical control pallet Figure 33 For more information please see the section on the graphical user Interface page 49 amp on NOTE Previous zoom and pan actions can be un done by holding down OCntrl Z Below the main plot area three display fields show the recorded temperatures of the DTS internal temperature Tint and the external PT100 resistance probes Text1 amp 2 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 81 Zones Data Display 40 0 14 00 00 16 00 00 18 00 00 20 00 00 22 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 04 00 00 06 00 00 08 00 00 10 00 00 12 00 00 14 31 57 09 08 17 09 08 17 09 08 17 09 08 17 09 08 17 09 08 18 09 08 18 09 08 18 09 08 18 09 08 18 09 08 1809 08 18 09 08 18 time and date Figure 63 The Zones data display When Zones data is selected the temperatures of any defined zones are displayed as a function of time zones are defined within the ODC The user can select to display the average maximum minimum amp variance max minus min of the temperature within each zone The colour of each trace can be changed by clicking on the coloured bar for each zone and traces can be individually toggled on off by clicking the green bar at the bottom The display will upda
80. table battery backed power source should be provided considering the measurement duty cycle Sensornet can provide power solutions based on solar or wind turbine systems please contact us for further information if a power source is required Once the electrical and optical connections have been made the Oryx DTS is ready to use Before operating the Oryx DTS ensure all users have read and fully understood the safety section of this user manual SOFTWARE INSTALLATION The Oryx software should be installed on the base station server or laptop PC to allow setup of the Oryx DTS and collection of the data The Oryx software is Page 16 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 composed of two packages the Oryx Data Collector ODC and the Oryx Data Viewer ODV No software is required to be installed on the Oryx unit itself this comes ready programmed NOTE If Sensornet have supplied the computer hardware this will have the ODC and ODV pre installed and configured The software is installed by simply inserting the CD into the computer The installer should automatically launch however if it does not simply browse to your CD drive and double click the setup exe in the root folder NOTE If the software is being upgraded the old software should be uninstalled before attempting to install the new version CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP Www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 17 GETTING STARTED The Or
81. te as new data arrives CLOSE THE sensornet MONITO NING GAP WWNW sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 82 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 If the autoscale padlocks are closed the plot will automatically scale correctly for new data Raw Data Display This display shows the Stokes and anti Stokes signals generated by the DTS These raw signals are very useful for checking the quality of the fibre optic line and roughly measuring the losses along the cable and at joins in the fibre An example of this display is shown in Figure 64 For a fibre cable at constant temperature along its length the signals show the classical exponential signal decay Also note the step loss at the zero meter point this is the connector loss at the DTS output Oryx Data Viewer 3750 0 3500 0 avena 3000 0 2750 0 2500 0 2250 0 2000 0 1750 11 1500 0 Bic 1250 0 bes 1000 0 T a eee 2500 TL 250 0 818 230 0 402 0 5000 800 0 1000 C 200 0 1400 0 1600 0 800 0 2000 0 2200 0 dist esc to 22 100 2 1656 1 2 072 5240 uw fme peel Figure 64 The Raw data display Cursors can be added to the plot right click on the cursor display field amp select Create Cursor gt Free to measure the approximate loss Two cursors should be added they do not need to be snapped to a particular trace and positioned by selecting the cursor control button on the graph pallet Figure 33
82. ted by the Base Unit The Oryx system log txt is the log file received from the Oryx and tracks errors and significant events on the Oryx device itself Both of these files are useful in diagnosing faults and should be sent to Sensornet if a fault needs to be reported SUMMARY OF THE ORYX DTS FILE TYPES File Type Type Location Purpose gdf Full Data Set type This file contains the complete distributed data file temperature sensing data for an installation The contents of the data file include the raw Stokes and Full Data set Anti Stokes data the optical fibre length information Latest and the temperature at each point along the optical fibre Header information contains name date time software version numbers etc dtd Temperature only Contains distributed temperature sensing data in a type compact format Some header information followed by the start point the distance step interval and Temperature then the temperature data only Latest tdf Points or Zones This file contains the DTS temperature data data file associated with particular zones that may have been defined Full Data set Latest tcd PT100 This file contains the temperature data as recorded Measurements by the PT 100 thermometers connected to the DTS System and the internal reference thermometer Full Data set xml Full data set XML As per ddf files but in XML format file Ful
83. the base station click Add an Oryx on the communications tab Once an Oryx has been added to the base station the user is able to configure and download measurements from the Oryx To remove an Oryx click Remove an Oryx and select the Oryx to be removed This will not delete any data or configuration files that have been stored for that Oryx NOTE Only one Oryx can be connected or associated to any particular COM port at any one time On clicking Add an Oryx the following dialog will be presented Figure 12 CLOSE THE sensornet MONITORING GAP www sensornet co uk Sensornet 2007 Page 24 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 O Add Oryx to Base Unit Select COM port comi uid Details Serial Number Oryx ID Probe COM Port Cancel Use this COM Port Figure 12 Associating an Oryx with a COM port Select the COM port that the Oryx is connected to from the drop down menu at the top if a COM port is not listed please see the trouble shooting section at the end of this manual If communicating to the Oryx via a modem select the COM port to which the modem is connected Clicking on Probe COM Port will enable the software to search for and connect to the Oryx on the selected COM port The ODC will scan the com port selected and automatically determine if an Oryx is connected directly or via a modem unit All possible baud rates will be scanned so this process can take several minutes If
84. tion The first temperature calibration is for slope ATi dT There are a number of ways to correct for slope the best being dependent upon the installation m ce 1 A fixed constant value can be chosen the default value is 1 000 2 Match two reference sections known to be at the same temperature This is best for installations where the fibre doubles back upon itself For example in a U tube 3 Define two reference sections which have a known temperature HET gt Figure 41 Slope calibration matched sections Slope Calibration Reference Sections This method of slope calibration is a development of the matched sections discussed above The user is required to enter the distance values for two fibre sections but now each section can be at a different temperature The user can select two methods for defining what the temperature of each section is e Select Temperature source to be fixed In this case the user enters the temperature of each section into the fixed temperature field e Select Measured T1 T2 as the source The software will now assume that the external PT100 probe supplied is positioned within the section of fibre specified and calculate the slope calibration appropriately NOTE Again the actual temperature values of the DTS trace may not be correct It is only important that the slope is corrected for at this stage Please see Figure 42 as an e
85. urther use You will have to provide Sensornet with the site code as well Ecnaornct Ltd sales sensornet co uk Figure 54 License configuration Sensornet will then send a Site Key which should be entered to validate the software Transferring the license The ODV license may be transferred from one PC to another A USB memory stick or similar is needed to do this Click on the splash screen to enter the license configuration window Then select the menu item License gt Transfer out You will be prompted to specify the drive of the USB memory stick or other removable drive Then take this removable drive to the new computer and install the ODV Enter the license configuration window on this computer and select License gt Transfer in Ensure the correct drive is specified in the dialog box and click Finish This completes the license transfer and the ODV should start normally if it does not select Program gt Resume Program execution SETTING ROOT amp SELECTING AN ORYX The first time the ODV is run the user will need to specify a ROOT directory This is the top level directory underneath which all Oryx data and configuration files are stored and should be the same as that for the ODC software In this case the user is presented with the dialog shown in Figure 55 Page 76 Oryx DTS User Manual v4 O Select Oryx Root Path Figure 55 Setting the ODV ROOT path Clickin
86. xample of this setting Oryx DTS User Manual v4 Page 61 The user can also specify a single point in the fibre as a reference instead of a zone or section This may be more appropriate if independent measurements or the PT100 probe is used to measure only a short section 2m of fibre Oryx Data Collector Y Oryx Configuration Wizard Configuring channel channel 1 slope calibration configuration temperature slope calculation temperature reference sections w fixed T slope calibration value In 0 90 1 00 110 first slope reference temperature C start m stop m 5 gos ae temperature source fixed temperature 1000 500 n son 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 fred xd length m second slope reference length m 8 reference type start m stop Jiemperature to ajurien user calibration section 3199 57 CO default calibration f ad temperature source fixed temperature reference section fed v A ER match section The first temperature calibration is For slope RN dm There are a number of ways to correct For slope the best being dependent upon the installation e 1 A fixed constant value can be chosen the default value is 1 000 2 Match two reference sections known to be at the same temperature This is best For installations where the fibre doubles back upon itself For example
87. yx DTS is controlled and configured using the Sensornet Oryx Data Collector ODC software application This software also downloads data from the Oryx and generates the temperature data files on the base station server or laptop PC Temperature data is viewed by means of the Sensornet Oryx Data Viewer ODV application which reads the generated data files A spreadsheet application can also be used to view the temperature data files NOTE The ODC software is included with the Oryx DTS The ODV software is licensed on a per computer basis each instance on a different PC requires a new license One license is provided with each Oryx unit and further licenses can be purchased from Sensornet The Oryx DTS ships with a default idle configuration such that all channels are deactivated the laser will not power on and no measurements will be taken Setting all channels to inactive is one way to put the Oryx into permanent idle mode Apply a suitable power source 12 24VDC and connect the supplied serial cable to the PC and either of the Oryx com ports Once the Sensornet software is installed on the PC follow the instructions in section O to configure the PC amp Oryx This is already done if the unit ships with a server or laptop from Sensornet ORYX Data Collector Base Unit will start collecting data from Oryx devices in 55 seccnds if no other action is tazen Figure 7 The ODC main menu Sensornet 2007 Page 18

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