RT Web GIS User Guide 1_6.pub
Contents
1. T J Defra SE amp P Catchment Web GIS User Guide defra Environment Agency A The Rivers Trust as the umbrella body for rivers trusts in England and Wales has commissioned a pilot web GIS Geographic Information System to test sharing of information between public private and third sector stakeholders involved in the Defra Strategic Evidence amp Partnership Project These organisations represent the broad spectrum of stakeholders who are engaged in catchment management for delivery of Good Ecological Status under the Water Framework Directive This guide has been prepared to help navigate the contents of the pilot system pointing out key Highlights setting out the attributes and detailed information about some datasets and listing a full inventory of everything that is contained on the system Please provide some feedback to the Rivers Trust before the pilot phase is completed end November 2011 The web GIS can be accessed via http web1 adas co uk rt Highlights Key N national coverage R regional coverage L local coverage Rd Restricted WFD Classification Status and Objectives deliverers under Environment Agency statutory license Covered for RT and Defra SE amp P usage under license N Shows FCS2 model results including total EQR Environmental Quality Ratio and breakdown of Salmon and Trout scores observed v predict ed Provided by the Environment Agency 2011 under non commercial li2. Use for Identifying relative areas of risk within sub catchments targeting field survey and walkovers highlighting potential sediment source areas Don t use for Providing definitive answers replacing detailed field Survey or restricting field work activity Layer Description The colours that follow the stream network are indicating the risk categories for fine sediment concentration delivery from that stream It s calculated as standard deviation around the mean going from green low risk to red high risk with light orange being the mean for the catchment modelled If you take a red stream one that is delivering a disproportionate amount of fine sediment compared to its upstream area i e is accumulating risk quicker then it accumulates dilution and then look at the underlying model output surrounding the stream output light blues to brown you can decipher which parcels of land are most likely the source of sediment This model output is calculated by multiplying the erosion risk of a parcel of land with a surface flow index The brown zones are the ones most likely to be delivering effectively telling us where sediment sources are hydrologically connected to a water course so there is a source a pathway and a recipient stream These are the places you would look to put in buffer strips or carry out contour gill planting or any other management measure that breaks the con nectivity and thus severs the pathway Model Input
3. cates that the layer is expanded and a white one that it is collapsed Table of Contents Please note the aerial photography layer tick box at the bottom of the dialog which can be used to toggle aerial photography on and off As the bottom layer all other layers are displayed on top of this layer Note that the order of data services and layers in the TOC is im portant Layers towards the top are overlaid on top of lower layers gt V MANAGEMENT 4 V SURVEYS a _ Rea Walkover Surveys and Priorites 4 _ Rea Bankside Walkover Surveys Bankside Erosion Cause gt _ Tree Blockages gt Fish migration barriers gt _ Bankside Arable Buffers gt _ Poaching Severity gt _ Rea Bankside Sediment Source Priorities gt W ADMIN gt _ Base Mapping J gt _ Background _ Street Background W Display aerial photography and are shown in preference to lower layers Fi Use the expand and collapse triangles to expand the list of layers _ Switch on a layer by ticking the check box next to the layer description ri Layer is switched on but not visible at the current map scale extent Zoom in out to get the layer to display The transparency bar associated with each data service layer allows you to control the opaque or transparent the layers within a data service are shown within the map area HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Web GIS User Feedback Your Feedback is Crucial Please provide
4. Detailed local sub catchment analysis Layer Description Mitigation measures taken from Defra DWPA User Manual and applied to PSYCHIC model Predicted Phosphate Reduction Avoid tramlines over winter Establish in field grass buffer strips Loosen compacted soil layers in grassland fields Reduce overall stocking rates on livestock farms Establish new hedges Predicted Sediment Reduction Establish cover crops in the autumn Avoid tramlines over winter Establish in field grass buffer strips Loosen com pacted soil layers in grassland fields Reduce poaching Re site gateways away from high risk areas PSYCHIC is a process based model of phosphorus P and sediment SS mobilisation and delivery to watercourses Modelled transfer pathways include dissolution of soil P detachment and mobilisation of SS and associated partic ulate P incidental losses from manure and fertiliser applications losses from hard standings the transport of all the above to watercourses in under drainage where present and via surface pathways and losses of dissolved P from point sources The model can operate at two spatial scales although the scientific core is the same in both cases The model is sensitive to a number of crop and animal husbandry decisions as well as to environmental factors such as soil type and field slope angle It is envisaged that the catchment scale model would provide the first tier of a catchment characterisation study and would be u
5. Seven individual ecosystem service layers are shown each scoring from 1 minimum ser vice provision to 5 maximum Provisioning Fresh Water providing potable water aimed at Water Company funding Regulating Water Purification regulating general water quality aimed at WFD funding Regulating Water flooding regulating flood aimed at FRM Regulating Water drought regulating drought aimed at Water Companies Regulating Climate regulation greenhouse gas sequestration aimed at carbon off setters Cultural Recreation and Tourism Can people use the area aimed at visitor payback scheme ae oS wW y a Supporting Provision of Habitat The models are combined in to a total ecosystem services provision layer scoring from 1 27 with the higher values representing areas which are important for multifunctional ecosystem services A Combined Food Produc tion layer is derived by inverting the combined ecosystem services layer and grading by agricultural land class This can be compared to a current farming intensity layer based on generalised livestock and arable densities and a final layer shows the conflict between current intensive agricultural production and the most multifunctional ecosystem services areas Model Inputs A very wide range of data were used to create the model layers most of which is available free of charge to non commercial users including Scimap outputs OS OpenData various layers Natural England h
6. adequate dilution Subset of EA Consented Discharges database Shows con sented sewer storm overflows for water companies and private systems Environment Agency s hydropower potential database Shows river barriers which provide a sufficient head differ ence for hydropower opportunity and therefore which may provide a significant barrier to certain species of migratory fish Not all barriers to fish will be contained in the database and this is no replacement for local knowledge Sites of Hydropower Potential Refer to EA RFF database RFF 2011 v16 05 2011 xls for more information or contact Dave Baxter Head of Catch ment Management and WFD at the Environment Agency who is custodian for this dataset produced using the 2011 RFF data v 16 05 2011 Tier 1 broad reasons for failure Tier 2 Detailed breakdown of reasons Showing waterbodies assessed by EA as failing for invasive species Waterbodies assessed by EA as failing the fish element of the ecological classification due to diffuse sources of pollu tion Waterbodies assessed by EA as failing the fish element of the ecological classification due to physical modification of the river channel Waterbodies assessed by EA as failing due to reasons related to arable farming Waterbodies assessed by EA as failing due to reasons related to livestock poaching Red streams are delivering a disproportionate amount of fine sediment compared to the upstream area accumulating
7. lower priority Summary of management work required based on Severn Rivers Trust walkover surveys 2011 1km resolution model to help prioritise selection of habitat improvement works offering the greatest benefit to eel Model combines EA eel survey data Wetland Vision future potential wetlands and distance from the tidal limit Defra RIF phase 1 project locations Lugg Rea and Upper Tamar catchment boundaries Point sources of bankside sediment erosion Tree fall sources of bankside sediment Observed weirs and structures causing potential barriers to migratory fish width of riparian buffer strips bordering arable fields Bankside Livestock poaching severity Rivers trusts under development Latest version of rivers trust boundaries as shared with EA under national data sharing agreement SWW Drinking Water and Sewerage Operational Areas Data supplied by South West Water STW Drinking Water and Sewerage Operational Areas data supplied by Severn Trent Water SACs are areas which have been given special protection under the European Union s Habitats Directive They provide increased protection to a variety of wild animals plants and habitats and are a vital part of global efforts to conserve the world s biodiversity SPAs are areas which have been identified as being of international importance for the breeding feeding wintering or the migration of rare and vulnerable species of birds found within European Union countries They ar
8. risk quicker than dilution Risk of fine sediment concentration delivery from streams The brown zones are the ones most likely to be delivering effectively telling us where sediment sources are hydrologi cally connected to a water course so there is a source a pathway and a recipient stream These are the places you would look to put in buffer strips or carry out contour gill planting or any other management measure that breaks the connectivity and thus severs the pathway Areas of fine sediment erosion risk which are hydrologically connected to the stream network Risk of fine sediment concentration delivery from streams The Lugg Scimap model has some known inaccuracies around the lower lying areas of the catchment where the model has not resolved the runoff pathways accurately Areas of fine sediment erosion risk which are hydrologically The model would need to be re run using finer resolution connected to the stream network data to provide a more accurate indication of risk Just the waterbodies predicted to be at Good Ecological Status by 2015 DETAIL INVENTORY Layer Issues Pollution Estimated number of properties per km2 not on mains sewerage Issues Pollution Water Pollution Incidents 2001 2011 Issues Pollution Psychic Total Phosphate Load kg ha River P River Phosphate Issues Pollution Psychic Total Sediment Load kg ha River Sediment Issues Pollution NEAPN Total Nitrate Concentration mg I Nitrat
9. single species Similarly in an upland stream a moderate abundance of salmon and trout may score higher than a high abundance of just trout Model Inputs The models are calibrated from quantitative and semi quantitative data from over 6000 sites across England and Wales that were surveyed between 2001 and 2005 Data from National Fish Population Database NFPD Limitations The FCS uses fish to classify ecological quality which is not necessarily the same as classifying the quality of fish populations from a fishery perspective The mean EQR for a waterbody may be very imprecise particularly if the number of sites is low or the variation in EQRs is high The uncertainty associated with classifying a waterbody from the mean EQR is expressed as a probability of class which is the equivalent of the confidence of class used by other WFD tools Find out more Graeme Storey is the EA contact for FCS2 Robin Burroughs is the contact for NFPD HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers Mitigation Measures Nutrient Reduction Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Coverage England amp Wales Resolution 1km License Defra SE amp P project sub license of ADAS EA license Model Psychic ADAS Use for First pass indication of possible best mitigation measures for tackling diffuse agricultural pollution in catchments Don t use for
10. us with some detailed feedback on the content and functionality of this pilot web GIS so that we can incorporate your requirements in to any future tools Please be as specific as you can for example dont just say that the data could be organised in a better way o Give us your suggestions for a more logical layer structure with examples where possible o If you have seen other online mapping tools which demonstrate a better approach please provide us with examples List any datasets which you would like to see included with source ownership details where possible o Log any bugs problems which you encounter with screengrabs if you have time Thank you for helping to evaluate this system and please get in touch if you would like further information or would like to be kept informed of future developments Michelle Walker Head of GIS amp Data Management The Rivers Trust Email your feedback to michelle theriverstrust org uk or use the form provided with your invitation
11. water bodies have been classified in the absence of detailed monitoring data It is important to understand how the classifications have been derived by referring back to the individual elements of the classification such as the Fish Classification Scheme FCS2 data some of which is available in this web GIS Other detailed monitoring datasets are available on request from your local EA external relations team Find out more The Environment Agency are the competent authority for WFD in England amp Wales Find out more about the River Basin Planning process at http www environment agency gov uk research planning 33106 aspx UKTAG the UK Technical Advice Group who formulated much of the UK s WFD research and modelling guidance have a very informative website which sets out details of the classification tools standards and how the classifica tions are developed http www wfduk org HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers WFD Reasons For Failure Issues Pollution Reasons For Failure 2011 Coverage England amp Wales Resolution River waterbody catchments Model 2011 RFF data v 16 05 2011 Use for Identifying possible issues in failing waterbodies Don t use for Excluding possible issues or identifying issues in water bodies not classed as failing WFD Layer Description Reasons for Failure Tier 1 broad reasons for failure Reasons for Failure Tier 2 detailed breakdo
12. 6 05 2011 state whether the information you present is based on a subset of the data e g is it all water body types or just rivers all elements or just phosphate data etc state clearly whether your data analy sis is based on the overall number of records of reasons for failure e g 15 of all reasons for failure recorded relate to diffuse source agricultural pollution or an analysis of the number of water bodies affected by particular reasons for failure e g 30 of failing water bodies have diffuse source agricultural pollution as one of the rea sons for failure Find out more Dave Baxter Head of Catchment Management and WFD at the Environment Agency is the data custodian for this data set HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers Fish Classification Scheme Ecology Fish Coverage England amp Wales Resolution Dependent on precision of NFPD grid references License EA non commercial license Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners Model Fish Classification Scheme 2 Use for Identifying fish species driving final fish classification and therefore starting to identify potential measures for key species Don t use for Sole basis for selection of measures use additional survey data and local knowledge to ensure that fish issues are identified Layer Description FCS2 EQR Ecological Quality Ratio FCS2 Trout P values FCS2 Salmon P values The Fisheries Clas
13. Ecosystem Services Provision Conflict with Current Intensive Agriculture Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision Combined Ecosystem Services Provision Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision 7 Ecosystem Services Models Drinking Water Provision Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision 7 Ecosystem Services Models Water Ecology Provision Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision 7 Ecosystem Services Models Drought Regulation Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision 7 Ecosystem Services Models Flood Risk Management Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision 7 Ecosystem Services Models Climate Regulation Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision 7 Ecosystem Services Models Habitat Provision Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision 7 Ecosystem Services Models Recreation and Tourism Provision Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision Combined Food Production Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Services Provision Current Farming Intensity Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Phosphate Reduction g Ha yr Avoid Tramlines over Winter Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Phosphate Reduction g Ha yr Establish in field grass buffer strips Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC P
14. P project Higher means the bathing water meets the criteria for the classification for every season This classification is calculat stricter UK guideline standards of the Directive includes ed from 20 samples taken during the season May to Sept lower levels of concentrations and a third parameter FS The Environment Agency count the number of certain types of bacteria which may indicate the presence of pollution mainly from sewage or livestock waste Total limits used are TC lt 500 FC lt 100 FS lt 100 Minimum means that at least 95 of the samples meet the mandatory standards of the Directive limits used are TC coliforms TC faecal coliforms FC and faecal streptococci lt 10000 FC lt 2000 FS N A FS are bacteria that are not directly harmful but indicate the presence of pollution An increase in the concentra tions of bacteria indicates a decrease in water quality All values are colonies per 100ml of sample Monitoring will be on going here for future River Basin Planning cycles Historical monitoring sites which were used for initial WFD classification DETAIL Fail means that fewer than 95 of the samples meet the required mandatory standards of the Directive limits used are TC gt 10000 FC gt 2000 FS N A Not sampled indicates that the bathing water was closed Fish biology chemistry or groundwater monitoring INVENTORY Web GIS Data Inventory Layer Rivers Trusts Management
15. Risk Rea Scimap Fine Sediment Model Fine Sediment Risk Sources in Rea Catch ment Issues Pollution Scimap Erosion Risk Lugg Scimap Fine Sediment Model Fine Sediment Risk in River Channel Lugg Catchment Issues Pollution Scimap Erosion Risk Lugg Scimap Fine Sediment Model Fine Sediment Risk Sources in Lugg Catch ment Issues Pollution WFD Assessment Chemical Status Issues Pollution WFD Assessment Ecological Status Issues Pollution WFD Assessment Overall Status Issues Pollution WFD Assessment Overall Objective 2015 Issues Pollution WFD Assessment Fish Status Issues Pollution WFD Assessment Invertebrate Status HIGHLIGHTS Web GIS Data Inventory Description Detail Fish Classification Scheme Environment Quality Index P values are derived by comparing expected numbers of fish for a comparable site at reference pristine condition with the actual catch at time of survey High near refer ence conditions Low less fish than expected Fish Classification Scheme Trout Results Fish Classification Scheme Salmon Results Environment Agency s consented discharges database classified by discharge type Combined Sewer Overflows CSOs are designed to operate in high rainfall runoff situations to prevent backup and overflow of domestic sewerage Raw sewerage is screened and discharged via a storm overflow system directly in to rivers or the sea However a well designed system should only discharge at flow level which ensures
16. abitat data Corine landcover abstraction locations waterbody boundaries source protection zones flood zones discharge consents generalised ag statistics agricultural land class biodiversity and ecological network data Limitations This is a first draft of a new approach to catchment planning and should be treated very much as a basis for development of the idea rather than as a fixed plan at this stage Modelling at this scale is only suitable for strategic planning and not detailed farm or sub catchment scale management planning Find out more Nick Paling and Laurence Couldrick at Westcountry Rivers Trust have written a draft paper and their contact de tails can be found at www wrt org HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers Potential Barriers to Fish Migration Issues Barriers Coverage England amp Wales Resolution Dependent on precision of NFCDD grid references License EA non commercial license Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners Model Potential Sites of Hydropower Opportunity AfA175 Use for Identifying potential barriers to fish migration Don t use for Substitute for local knowledge Layer Description These data show the location of opportunities for hydropower and the basic environmental sensitivity associated with exploiting them in England and Wales A total of 25 935 barriers are identified and assessed in this project Th
17. agricultural census data for the SE amp P catchments England only which has been interpolated to a 1km grid providing a hotspots map for key land uses which may cause a potential water quality or ecological impact These data are restricted to named licen sees only and have not been included on the Web GIS at this time Limitations Data are generalised to 1km level so cannot be used to identify individual farms or field land uses this would be prohibited under The Agricultural Statistics Act 1979 Because of the process of amal gamating holdings level data up to parish or district level there can be significant local inaccuracies in the km2 datasets such that livestock numbers and crop areas in small sub catchments should be veri fied before being used in local models Find out more Contact ADAS and Defra for further information HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers Water Pollution Incidents 2001 2011 Issues Pollution wp Coverage National hea Resolution Dependent on precision of grid references in NIRS License EA non commercial license Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners Dataset National Incident Reporting System 2001 2011 Use for Identifying historical pollution incidents Don t use for Ruling out pollution incidents as a cause of ecologi cal impact these are only those that the EA are aware of Layer Description Filter
18. cense Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners L Shows areas of source risk for fine sediment ero sion and indicates concentration of fine sediment in channels Rea and Lugg catchments Scimap output produced by Severn Rivers Trust Wye amp Usk Foundation Mil and The Rivers Trust Scimap model developed by the University of Durham and available as open source software N Potential barriers to fish migration taken from the Environment Agency hydropower opportunities Provided by the Environment Agency 2011 under non commercial license Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners Rd Restricted to licensed individuals on the SE amp P project only Use of agricultural statistics is re stricted by the 1979 Agricultural Statistics Act Agricultural statistics provided by Defra under license WFD Reasons For Failure ve 5 Provided by the Environment Agency 2011 under non commercial FW license Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners 4 Shows predicted reductions in Phosphate and z Riy Sediment per km under selected Diffuse Pollution 4 3 sj mitigation measures work Phosphate and Sediment Yield Characterisation in Catchments Compiled and mapped by The Rivers Trust 4 Shows overlapping areas of ecosystem service 33 provision in the south west indicating potential funders of Paid Ecosystem Services N Discharges to riv
19. e Concentration Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Total Cattle Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Total Dairy Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Total Poultry Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Total Pigs Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Cereals Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Maize Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Other Arable Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Horticulture Land Use SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 Oilseed Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Total Cattle Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Total Dairy Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Total Poul try Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Total Pigs Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Cereals Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Maize Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Other Arable Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Horticulture Land Use Agricultural Census Historical 1980 Oilseed Land Use Land Cover LCM 2007 Dominant Land Class Monitoring Water Quality 2010 Bathing Water Quality Samples 2010 Bathing Water Quality Faecal Coliforms May to Sept Monitoring Water Quality 2011 Bathing Water Quality Samples 2010 Bathing Water Quality Faecal Streptococci May to Sept Monitoring Water Q
20. e European designated sites classified under the Birds Directive 1979 which provides enhanced protection given by the Site of Special Scientific Interest SSSI status all SPAs also hold SSSlIs are the country s very best wildlife and geological sites They include some of the most spectacular and beautiful habitats wetlands teeming with wading birds winding chalk rivers flower rich meadows windswept shingle beaches and remote upland peat bogs The European Commission EC nitrates directive requires areas of land that drain into waters polluted by nitrates to be designated as Nitrate Vulnerable Zones NVZs Farmers with land in NVZs have to follow manda tory rules to tackle nitrate loss from agriculture DETAIL INVENTORY Layer Background Coastline Background National Grid Background Gov Regions UK Background Scale Independent OS Streetview Background Scale Independent OS 25k Background Scale Independent OS 50k Background Scale Independent OS 250k Background OS 25k Background OS 50k Background OS 250k Background Street Background Background Aerial Photography Web GIS Data Inventory Description Ordnance Survey 100km grid squares Can be turned on at any scale Only becomes visible when zoomed in to 1 25 000 scale Only becomes visible when zoomed in to 1 50 000 scale Only becomes visible when zoomed in to 1 250 000 scale Open Street Maps scale dependent layer Bing Maps aerial imagery scale depend
21. e term barriers is used to describe sites with sufficient drop to provide a hydropower opportunity They are mostly weirs but could also be other man made structures or natural features such as waterfalls Model Inputs Obstructions from the National Flood and Coastal Defence Database Limitations Barriers are identified using automated techniques which extract upstream and downstream heights from digital elevation data and therefore may not be accurate Further information from local knowledge is needed to identify whether structures present a barrier to all migratory fish species and whether barriers are full or partial for exam ple under different flow conditions Tidal flaps pumping stations and other key structures may not be included in the dataset Find out more Contact EA for further information HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers Consented Discharges isaveswieeteres Coverage England amp Wales Resolution Dependent on precision of grid references in WIMS License EA non commercial license Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners Dataset Consented Discharges to Controlled Waters Use for Locating licensed discharges and identifying possible point sources of pollution Don t use for Doesnt include unlicensed discharges or any infor mation on discharge volumes Layer Description The Consented Discharges to Controlled Waters datas
22. ed for Environmental Impact Level to Water ranging from Category 1 Major to Category 4 No Impact Limitations Only records pollution incidents which are known to the Environment Agency either as a result of in vestigations or due to reporting by members of the public or other agencies Dataset released quar terly Find out more Contact EA for further information HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Layer Ecology Fish FCS2 EQR Ecology Fish FCS2 Trout P values Ecology Fish FCS2 Salmon P values Issues Discharges Current Consented Discharges 2011 Issues Discharges Consented Discharges Sewer Storm Overflows Issues Barriers Potential Fish Migration Barriers Issues Pollution Reasons for Failure 2011 Reasons for Failure Tier 1 Issues Pollution Reasons for Failure 2012 Reasons for Failure Tier 2 Issues Pollution Reasons for Failure 2013 Reasons for Failure Tier 1 Invasive Species Issues Pollution Reasons for Failure 2014 Reasons for Failure Element fish Tier 1 Diffuse Source Issues Pollution Reasons for Failure 2015 Reasons for Failure Element fish Tier 1 Physical Modification Issues Pollution Reasons for Failure 2016 Reasons for Failure Tier 2 Arable Issues Pollution Reasons for Failure 2017 Reasons for Failure Tier 2 Poaching Issues Pollution Scimap Erosion Risk Rea Scimap Fine Sediment Model Fine Sediment Risk in River Channel Rea Catchment Issues Pollution Scimap Erosion
23. ent layer HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Web GIS Functionality The web GIS requires the Microsoft Silverlight application to run and you will be prompted to install this the first time you access the tool Upon entering the web GIS the main tool looks like this Ps Ai Tl PEN hl ae CE aii in Title bar and E ran reoeo tet Bibs BS oe ee ley te BB Main toolbar auxiliary tools Table of contents Map layers Main map Mouse functions toolbar Scalebar Mouse functions toolbar Moving around the Map The rectangular area of map shown on the screen is called the map extent There are many different ways to move around the map extent area These include H 4 gt Double clicking on the map to zoom in by 10 Single click on the map and move the mouse scroll wheel forward or up to zoom 4 in Each wheel click will zoom the map by about 50 percent in width and height J This zoom will be centred on the point that you have selected Hold the Shift key down and then hold the left mouse button down and draw a d j j 7 Zoom In rectangle The map will zoom in to the area of the rectangle Click on the zoom in tool in the Toolbar then Click and drag to draw a rectangle a on the map the map will zoom in to the area of the rectangle Hold the Ctrl key down then click the left mouse button to zoom out You can also hold the left mouse button down and drag to draw a rectangle The map will zoom out so that
24. ers and sea under consent by the 4 Environment Agency Shows sewer storm overflows Provided by the Environment Agency 2011 under non commercial license Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners E Incidents reported to the Environment Agency 2001 2011 including environmental impact level Provided by the Environment Agency 2011 under non commercial license Z15208 Rivers Trusts and Z14888d SE amp P project partners Detailed Information for sample Layers WFD Classification Status and Objectives Issues Pollution WFD Assessment Coverage England amp Wales Resolution River waterbody catchments License WFD Co deliverers Statutory License z6380 Model Various classification models used for WFD elements Use for Identifying current and objective WFD status comparing with range of other datasets Don t use for Detailed field farm scale analysis or replacing walk over surveys as a way of identifying issues and management solutions Layer Description The WFD Assessment layers show overall status chemical and ecological status fish and invertebrate status and Good Ecological Status objectives for 2015 Model Inputs WFD classifications are based on a wide range of EA monitoring datasets including the fish invertebrates water quality and quantity datasets Classifications have been verified by EA area teams and are given a confidence score Limitations Many
25. et contains information on authorised discharges of effluents to the controlled waters These data have been extracted from the national WIMS Water Information Management System database Controlled waters include virtually all freshwaters ground waters tidal and coastal waters to a dis tance of three nautical miles out to sea Exceptions include small ponds and reservoirs that do not Supply water to other watercourses Public water supply reservoirs are controlled waters There are over 100 000 Consented Discharges to Controlled Waters for effluent discharges from a wide range of public private and industrial sectors discharging into freshwater estuarine coastal waters and ground water in England and Wales A portion of these are significant continuous discharges and require monitoring or inspecting Sewer Storm Overflows have been extracted as a separate layer to highlight potential threats to bath ing water quality from raw sewage entering rivers under high flow conditions Limitations Data stored on WIMS is entered from applications made by members of the public companies and other bodies seeking to obtain authorisation Applications for consent are assessed and granted or refused based on this assessment Only when an application is granted will it appear on in the Dis charge Consent dataset WIMS is a live system and it is continuously updated as such the dataset represents all the permit data on the system at the t
26. ime of the extraction The dataset is updated quarterly for release to external sources Find out more Contact EA for further information HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers Ag r C u It u ra Ce n su S Landuse SE amp P Catchments Agricultural Census 2010 amp Ag Census Historical 1980 TEDA rA Coverage SE amp P catchments Resolution Ikm License Defra Confidentiality Statement 13600 SE amp P project partners only Dataset Generalised agricultural statistics 2010 amp 1980 Use for Identifying broad agricultural land uses within catch ments detecting trends in land use since 1980 Don t use for Identifying detailed farm or field level land use Layer Description A combination of OS and CEH Landcover data were used to calculate areas of non agricultural land in each km2 and adjusted using summarised Defra agricultural statistics and Agri cultural Land Classification in Wales Agricultural land use was attributed per km2 to either arable or grassland and the proportions adjusted at parish and district level to ensure that total areas were cor rect Livestock densities were calculated by attributing the livestock numbers at parish level to relevant grassland and rough grazing land use areas and a similar process was undertaken with crops to gain a coverage area per km2 which was summed and checked at parish and district level Also available are the holdings level Defra
27. in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Layer Rivers Trusts Management Rea Bankside Sediment Source Priorities Bankside Poaching Priority Rivers Trusts Management Rea Bankside Sediment Source Priorities Inadequate Arable Buffer Strips Priority Rivers Trusts Management Rea Bankside Work Priorities Fish Passes Required Rivers Trusts Management Rea Bankside Work Priori ties Remove Tree Blockages Rivers Trusts Management Rea Bankside Work Priori ties Poaching Management Priorities Rivers Trusts Management Rea Bankside Work Priori ties Riparian Buffer Strips Management Priorities Rivers Trusts Eel Habitat Opportunity Model Rivers Trusts River Improvement Fund Projects Phase 1 Rivers Trusts SE amp P Study Catchments Rivers Trusts Surveys Rea Walkover Surveys and Priori ties Ba
28. nkside Erosion Cause Rivers Trusts Rea Walkover Surveys and Priorities Tree Block ages Rivers Trusts Rea Walkover Surveys and Priorities Fish migra tion barriers Rivers Trusts Rea Walkover Surveys and Priorities Bankside Arable buffers Rivers Trusts Rea Walkover Surveys and Priorities Poaching severity Rivers Trusts Admin Rivers Trusts England amp Wales August 2011 Rivers Trust Catchment Boundaries Rivers Trusts Rivers Trusts England amp Wales August 2011 Trusts in Development Rivers Trusts Rivers Trusts England amp Wales August 2011 Rivers Trust Catchments v2 5 Basemapping Admin WFD River Basin Districts Basemapping Admin WFD Management Catchments Basemapping Admin WFD Pilot Catchments Extending the Catchment Based Approach Basemapping Admin CSF Catchments Basemapping Admin South West Water Operational Area Basemapping Admin Severn Trent Water Operational Area Basemapping Catchment WFD River Waterbody Catchments Basemapping Catchment WFD River Waterbodies Basemapping Catchment WFD Lakes Basemapping Catchment Landform Panorama 50m DEM m Basemapping Catchment Slope degrees Basemapping Catchment Groundwater Source Protection Zones Basemapping Designations SAC Basemapping Designations SPA Basemapping Designations SSSI Basemapping Designations NVZ HIGHLIGHTS Web GIS Data Inventory Description Based on 2011 walkover survey by Severn Rivers Trust ranging from 1 high priority to 3
29. redicted Phosphate Reduction g Ha yr Loosen compacted soil layers in grassland fields Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Phosphate Reduction g Ha yr Reduce overall stocking rates on livestock farms Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Phosphate Reduction g Ha yr Establish new hedges Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Sediment Reduction kg Ha yr Establish cover crops in the autumn Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Sediment Reduction kg Ha yr Avoid Tramlines over Winter Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Sediment Reduction kg Ha yr Establish in field grass buffer strips Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Sediment Reduction kg Ha yr Loosen compacted soil layers in grassland fields Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Sediment Reduction kg Ha yr Reduce Poaching Rivers Trusts Management Defra DWPA User Manual Modelled P Sed Reduction PSYCHIC Predicted Sediment Reduction kg Ha yr Re site gateways away from high risk areas Description See detailed page in this guide See detailed page in this guide See detailed page
30. s 10m digital elevation data Ordnance Survey Landform Profile Corine Landcover 2000 50m resolution Annual Average Rainfall Met Office Limitations Land cover is the critical input which determines source erosion risk the model does not consider soil type and it is costly and difficult to source up to date land cover data for whole catchments The model is a rainfall runoff model which calculates surface connectivity based on slope and accumulation of rainfall runoff downslope Therefore a more detailed e g 5m or 2m DEM will give more accurate connectivity results However the model does not incorporate local pathways such as gateways or tracks which can be a major conduit of sediment to rivers Find out more www scimap org uk HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers Ec osyst e m Se r V i C e S M ode Rivers Trusts Management Ecosystem Service Provision Coverage Taw Torridge Tamar and Exe South West RBD Resolution 1 250 000 scale Model Ecosystem Services Multifunctional Land Model Use for Strategic overview of conflicting areas of ecosystem and food service provision at a catchment scale Identifying strategic locations where Paid Ecosystem Services approaches may help fund catchment management Identifying potential funders of ecosystem ser vices and catchment management work Don t use for Detailed sub catchment scale land use planning Layer Description
31. s the web map out of your web browser and expands it A to fill the full screen This removes any lost screen space due to Internet browser toolbar status bar etc and maximises the amount of screen available for map ping Click on the compass in the direction that you want to move the map This pans the map by a set amount in the direction selection Main Toolbar The main toolbar provides access to printing location finding measurement drawing and annotation and other analytical services If you are not sure what a tool does then hold the mouse over the tool and tool tip text will be displayed to show it s function The tools are generally toggled on and off by clicking on the main toolbar Some of the key tools are highlighted below General Toolbar Profile tool book marks buffering elevation explorer Toggle Table of Contents Toggle overview map Find a Location by Measurement Tools Drawing Tools make annotations postcode address or coordinates Web GIS Functionality Table of contents The table of contents TOC component shows you the map layers that can be switched on and off in the main map area Each map is made up of layers from one or more data services Data services are the topmost leftmost layers in the list of layers shown in the TOC Each data service provides access to one or more map layers and you can expand them by clicking on the small triangle at the left of the name A black triangle indi
32. sed as a screening tool to identify areas within the catchment which may be at elevated risk of P loss This would enable targeted data collection involving farm vis its and stakeholder discussion which would then be followed up with detailed field scale modelling This second tier of modelling would allow the effects of possible mitigation options to be explored The PSYCHIC model can therefore form the core of catchment studies of P loss mitigation Model Inputs At catchment scale the model uses easily available national scale datasets to infer all necessary input data whilst at field scale the user is required to supply all necessary data Datasets used by the national model include agri cultural census Manure Management Database Soils data NSRI climate connectivity slope and population Limitations The catchment scale model is designed as a catchment characterisation and screening tool and ADAS recom mend that the field scale model be used for identifying mitigation options Find out more Contact ADAS for more information on future developments of the PSYCHIC model refer to Defra DWPA User Manual for details of mitigation measures HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL INVENTORY Detailed Information for sample Layers Scimap Fine Sediment Risk Model ssues Pollution Scimap Erosion Risk Coverage Rea catchment Severn RBD Resolution 10 metres Model Scimap Sensitive Catchment Integrated Modelling and Analysis Platform
33. sification Scheme FCS2 assesses the ecological quality of rivers entirely on the basis of the abundance of fish species as determined by routine survey data The FCS2 is based on models that describe the relationship between the abundance of 23 fish species and environmental and pressure variables For each species the observed number of fish is compared to the model predictions for what should be present at a comparable site with similar physical characteristics but at reference conditions The difference between ob served and expected status is expressed as the probability P 0 1 of getting an equal or lower numbers of fish at a comparable reference site So low P values indicate less fish than would be expected under pristine condi tions Some species are naturally scarce or patchily distributed even under reference conditions Such species will provide a less sensitive indication of ecological quality The probabilities for each individual species are con verted to a combined probability for all species at the survey site The final site based outcome therefore has a very specific and objective definition To comply with WFD terminology the outcome is called an Ecological Quali ty Ratio EQR which is assigned to one of 5 ecological quality classes As required by the WFD the EQR is sensitive to both abundance and species richness Thus in a lowland river a moderate abundance of five species may score higher than a high abundance of a
34. the current map extent fits into the rectangle drawn The small a 7 er the rectangle the more the map zooms out Zoom Out Scroll the mouse wheel backward or down to zoom out Each wheel click will e z i zoom the map by about 50 percent in width and height Zoom out Click and drag to draw a rectangle on the map the map will zoom out a so that the current map area will fit into the rectangle drawn The smaller the rectangle you draw the more the map will zoom out HIGHLIGHTS DETAIL EEE Web GIS Functionality Moving around the Map continued ty Click on the Pan tool in the Toolbar then click and drag the map to move Previous extent The map returns to the area displayed previously Similar to the browsers Back button but specifically for the map Up to ten previous extents are stored when the map is zoomed or panned If the button is disabled you are at the original extent in the extent history Forward extent The map displays the next extent in the list of stored map ex tents This is only available after the Previous Extent button has been clicked Up a to ten extents are stored in the extent history If the button is disabled you are at the latest extent in the extent history Click on the full extent image in the Toolbar The map will zoom all the way out to the full map extent For most maps this extent will cover the whole World ra ther than just the UK The full screen tool take
35. uality 2012 Bathing Water Quality Samples 2010 Bathing Water Quality Total Coliform May to Sept Monitoring Water Quality 2010 Bathing Water Quality Compliance Monitoring Network WFD Monitoring Sites Future Moni toring Site Monitoring Network WFD Monitoring Sites Past Monitor ing Site HIGHLIGHTS Web GIS Data Inventory Description Septic Tank Estimates Rea Catchment Incidents reported to the EA and recorded in the National Incidents Reporting System from 2001 onwards Phosphate loss from land to rivers modelled by Psychic Sediment loss from land to rivers modelled by Psychic Leached nitrate concentration in rivers modelled by NEAP N Livestock numbers from 2010 Defra Agricultural Census attributed to relevant landuse areas in ADAS land use model Shown as numbers per km2 Crop areas from 2010 Defra Agricultural Census attributed to relevant landuse areas in ADAS land use model Shown as ha per km2 Livestock numbers from 1980 Defra Agricultural Census attributed to relevant landuse areas in ADAS land use model Shown as numbers per km2 Crop areas from 1980 Defra Agricultural Census attributed to relevant landuse areas in ADAS land use model Shown as ha per km2 Freely available 1km dominant land cover class 2007 from CEH Each bathing water site receives an annual water quality Detail Category 1 Major to Category 4 No Impact Restricted license only available to licensees on Defra SE amp
36. wn of reasons Reasons for Failure Tier 1 Invasive Species waterbodies assessed by EA as failing for invasive species Reasons for Failure Element fish Tier 1 Diffuse Source waterbodies assessed by EA as failing the fish element of the ecological classification due to diffuse sources of pollution Reasons for Failure Element fish Tier 1 Physical Modification waterbodies assessed by EA as failing the fish element of the ecological classification due to physical modification of the river channel Reasons for Failure Tier 2 Arable waterbodies assessed by EA as failing due to reasons related to arable farm ing Reasons for Failure Tier 2 Poaching waterbodies assessed by EA as failing due to reasons related to livestock poaching Model Inputs Based on national collation of regional and area information from EA teams following on from investigations Limitations This data represents a snapshot of the current understanding of the reasons for failure data at the time of colla tion Regions and areas are continuing to collect and record reasons for failure as part of their on going pro gramme of investigations Further national collations of the reasons for failure data will be made on an annual basis When making use of this data for any purpose but especially for the production of summary statistics tables graphs etc you must reference the version of the data used e g This graph was produced using the 2011 RFF data v 1
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