A Tufte-Style Book
Contents
1. Notice the lack of vertical rules they serve only to clutter the table s data takes up the main textblock width 20 A TUFTE STYLE BOOK Margin Length A Kenan meee VTC Tm Paper width 81 2 inches handout class Paper height 11 inches Textblock width 61 2 inches Textblock sidenote gutter 3 sinches Sidenote width 2 inches Full width text blocks In addition to the new float types there is a fullwidth environment that stretches across the main text block and the sidenotes area begin fullwidth Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet end fullwidth Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetuer adipiscing elit Ut purus elit vestibulum ut placerat ac adipiscing vitae felis Curabitur dictum gravida mauris Nam arcu libero nonummy eget consectetuer id vulputate a magna Donec vehicula augue eu neque Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas Mauris ut leo Cras viverra metus rhoncus sem Nulla et lectus vestibulum urna fringilla ultrices Phasellus eu tellus sit amet tortor gravida placerat Integer sapien est iaculis in pretium quis viverra ac nunc Praesent eget sem vel leo ultrices bibendum Aenean faucibus Morbi dolor nulla malesuada eu pulvinar at mollis ac nulla Curabitur auctor semper nulla Donec varius orci eget risus Duis nibh mi congue eu accumsan eleifend sagittis quis diam Duis eget orci sit amet orci dignissim rutrum Typography Typefaces If the Palati2. 15 B heads Large 12 16 A heads TOC entries author date LARGE 14 18 handout title huge 20 30 chapter heads Huge 24 36 part titles Headings Tufte s books include the following heading levels parts chapters sections subsections and paragraphs Not defined by default are sub subsections and subparagraphs Heading Style Size Part roman 24 36x40pc Chapter italic 20 30Xx40pc Section italic 12 16x26 pc Subsection italic 11 15x26 pc Paragraph italic 10 14 Paragraph Paragraph headings as shown here are introduced by italicized text and separated from the main paragraph by a bit of space Environments The following characteristics define the various environments THE DESIGN OF TUFTE S BOOKS 15 Table 1 A list of IATEX font sizes as defined by the Tufte IAIEX document classes 3 Parts and chapters are defined for the tuftebook class only Table 2 Heading styles used in Beautiful Evidence 16 A TUFTE STYLE BOOK Table 3 Environment styles used in Environment Font size Notes Beautiful Evidence Body text 10 14X26 pc Block quote 9 12x24pc Block indent left and right by 1 pc Sidenotes 8 10x12pc Sidenote number is set inline followed by word space Captions 8 10x12pc On the Use of the tufte book Document Class The Tufte IAIEX document classes define a style similar to the style Edward Tufte uses in his books and handouts Tufte s style is known for its extensive use of sidenotes tight integra
3. Space and Time 105 Visual Confections Juxtapositions from the Ocean of the Streams of Story 121 NARRATIVES OF SPACE AND TIME 7 EPILOGUE 121 Contents Mapped Pictures Images as Evidence and Explanation 12 Sparklines Intense Simple Word Sized Graphics 46 Links and Causal Arrows Ambiguity in Action 64 Words Numbers Images Together e The Fundamental Principles of Analytical Design 12 E Corruption in Evidence Presentations Effects Without Causes Cherry Picking Overreach ing Chartjunk and the Rage to Conclude 140 The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint Pitching Out Corrupts Within 156 Sculptural Pedestals Meaning Practice Depedestalization 186 Landscape Sculptures 196 Typefaces Tufte s books primarily use two typefaces Bembo and Gill Sans Bembo is used for the headings and body text while Gill Sans is used for the title page and opening epigraphs in Beautiful Evidence Since neither Bembo nor Gill Sans are available in default IATEX in stallations the Tufte IATEX document classes default to using Palatino and Helvetica respectively In addition the Bera Mono typeface is used for monospaced type The following font sizes are defined by the Tufte JAIEX classes BTEX size Font size Leading Used for tiny 5 6 sidenote numbers scriptsize 7 8 Ex footnotesize 8 10 sidenotes captions small 9 12 quote quotation and verse environments normalsize 10 14 body text large 11
4. THE PUBLIC IS MORE FAMILIAR WITH BAD DESIGN THAN GOOD DESIGN IT IS IN EFFECT CONDITIONED TO PREFER BAD DESIGN BECAUSE THAT IS WHAT IT LIVES WITH THE NEW BECOMES THREATENING THE OLD REAS SURING PAUL RAND A DESIGNER KNOWS THAT HE HAS ACHIEVED PERFECTION NOT WHEN THERE IS NOTHING LEFT TO ADD BUT WHEN THERE IS NOTHING LEFT TO TAKE AWAY ANTOINE DE ST EXPUREY THE DESIGNER OF A NEW SYSTEM MUST NOT ONLY BE THE IMPLEMEN TOR AND THE FIRST LARGE SCALE USER THE DESIGNER SHOULD ALSO WRITE THE FIRST USER MANUAL IF HAD NOT PARTICIPATED FULLY IN ALL THESE ACTIVITIES LITERALLY HUNDREDS OF IMPROVEMENTS WOULD NEVER HAVE BEEN MADE BECAUSE WOULD NEVER HAVE THOUGHT OF THEM OR PERCEIVED WHY THEY WERE IMPORTANT DONALD E KNUTH THE TUFTE LATEX DEVELOPERS A TUFTE STYLE BOOK PUBLISHER OF THIS BOOK Copyright O 2009 The Tufte LaTeX Developers PUBLISHED BY PUBLISHER OF THIS BOOK TUFTE LATEX GOOGLECODE COM Licensed under the Apache License Version 2 0 the License you may not use this file except in com pliance with the License You may obtain a copy of the License at http www apache org licenses LICENSE 2 0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing software distributed under the License is distributed on an As 15 BASIS WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND either express or implied See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License Fi
5. and table environments for full width floats Full page width figures and tables may be placed in figure or table environments To place figures or tables in the margin use the marginfigure or margintable environments as follows see figure 1 begin marginfigure includegraphics helix caption This is a margin figure label fig marginfig end marginfigure The marginfigure and margintable environments accept an op tional parameter offset that adjusts the vertical position of the figure or table See the Sidenotes section above for examples The specifi cations are begin marginfigure offset adieran begin margintable offset endinargint hlet Figure 2 is an example of the figure environment and figure 3 is an example of the normal figure environment 3 gt ob LF Lage gt Z O Y Y 0 Pd 4 x Figure 1 This is a margin figure The helix is defined by x cos 271z y sin 27z and z 0 2 7 The figure was drawn using Asymptote http asymptote sf net Figure 2 This graph shows y sinx from about x 10 10 Notice that this figure takes up the full page width n 1 n 2 n 3 n n 5 Figure 3 Hilbert curves of various Maar degrees n Notice that this figure only Table 4 shows table created with the booktabs package
6. ears on page 6 in VDQI opposite the introduc tion and is placed on its own spread in the other books In VE an epigraph shares the spread with the opening page of the introduc tion None of the page numbers folios of the front matter are ex pressed except in BE where the folios start to appear on the dedi cation page THE FULL TITLE PAGE of each of the books varies slightly in design In all the books the author s name appears at the top of the page the title it set just above the center line and the publisher is printed along the bottom margin Some of the differences are outlined in the following table Feature VDQI EI VE BE Author Typeface serif serif serif sans serif Style italics italics italics upright caps Size 24 pt 20 pt 20 pt 20 pt Title Typeface serif serif serif sans serif Style upright italics upright upright caps Size 36 pt 48 pt 48pt 36 pt Subtitle Typeface serif Style upright Size 20 pt u Edition Typeface sans serif u Style upright caps u Size 14 pt Publisher Typeface serif serif serif sans serif Style italics italics italics upright caps Size 14 pt 14 pt 14 pt 14 pt THE TABLES OF CONTENTS in Tufte s books give us our first glimpse of the structure of the main matter The Visual Display of Quantitative Information is split into two parts each containing some number of chapters His other three books only contain chapters they re not broken into parts Ed
7. fer to folios that do not have a printed page number but they are still counted in the page number sequence Books Page content VDQI EI VE BE Blank half titl r 6 p page 1 En The contents of this page vary from Frontispiece 2 2 2 2 book to book In VDQI this page is Full title page 3 3 GG 6 blank in EI and VE this page holds Copwightpage O W O A in Contents 5 5 5 6 Dedication 6 7 7 7 Epigraph 8 Introduction 7 9 9 9 The design of the front matter in Tufte s books varies slightly from the traditional design of front matter First the pages in front matter are traditionally numbered with lowercase roman numerals e g i ii iii iv Second the front matter page numbering sequence is usually separate from the main matter page numbering That is the page numbers restart at 1 when the main matter begins In contrast Tufte has enumerated his pages with arabic numerals that share the same page counting sequence as the main matter 12 A TUFTE STYLE BOOK There are also some variations in design across Tufte s four books The page opposite the full title page labeled frontispiece in the above table has different content in each of the books In The Visual Display of Quantitative Information this page is blank in Envisioning Information and Visual Explanations this page holds a frontispiece and in Beautiful Evidence this page contains three epigraphs The dedication app
8. ful Evidence Graphics Press LLC first edition May 2006 ISBN 0 9613921 7 7 Index a4paper class option 21 fullwidth 20 notitlepage class option 21 Vall caps 20 marginfigure 19 notoc class option 22 margintable 19 bibliography 18 tablex 19 oneside class option 21 bidi class option 21 tabular 19 booktabs package 19 packages figure environment 19 bidi 21 cite 18 figurex environment 19 booktabs 19 class options 21 22 fontenc package 21 fontenc 21 a4paper 21 fonts see typefaces letterspace 21 bidi 21 footnote 17 soul 21 debug 21 fullwidth environment 20 justified 21 sfsidenotes class option 21 nofonts 21 headings 15 17 sidenote 18 nols 21 smallcaps 20 notitlepage 21 justified class option 21 soul package 21 notoc 22 symmetric class option 21 oneside 21 letterspace package 21 sfsidenotes 21 license 4 table of contents 14 symmetric 21 tablex environment 19 titlepage 22 marginfigure environment 19 tabular environment 19 twoside 21 marginnote 18 textsc 20 margintable environment 19 titlepage class option 22 debug class option 21 twoside class option 21 newthought 17 typefaces 15 20 environments nobibliography 18 sizes 15 figure 19 nofonts class option 21 figurex 19 nols class option 21 XqIATRX 21
9. no Helvetica and Bera Mono typefaces are installed this style will use them automatically Otherwise we ll fall back on the Computer Modern typefaces Letterspacing This document class includes two new commands and some im provements on existing commands for letterspacing When setting strings of ALL CAPS or SMALL CAPS the letter spacing that is the spacing between the letters should be in creased slightly The allcaps command has proper letterspacing 9 Robert Bringhurst The Elements of for strings of FULL CAPITAL LETTERS and the smallcaps Typography Hartley amp Marks 3 1 edition 2005 ISBN 0 88179 205 5 command has letterspacing for SMALL CAPITAL LETTERS These commands will also automatically convert the case of the text to upper or lowercase respectively The textsc command has also been redefined to include let terspacing The case of the textsc argument is left as is however This allows one to use both uppercase and lowercase letters THE ON THE USE OF THE tufte book DOCUMENT CLASS 21 INITIAL LETTERS OF THE WORDS IN THIS SENTENCE ARE CAPI TALIZED Document Class Options The tufte book class is based on the KIFX book document class Therefore you can pass any of the typical book options There are a few options that are specific to the tufte book document class however The a4paper option will set the paper size to A4 instead of the default us letter size The sfsidenotes option will set the siden
10. otes and title block in a sans serif typeface instead of the default roman The twoside option will modify the running heads so that the page number is printed on the outside edge as opposed to always printing the page number on the right side edge in oneside mode The symmetric option typesets the sidenotes on the outside edge of the page This is how books are traditionally printed but is con trary to Tufte s book design which sets the sidenotes on the right side of the page This option implicitly sets the twoside option The justified option sets all the text fully justified flush left and right The default is to set the text ragged right The body text of Tufte s books are set ragged right This prevents needless hyphen ation and makes it easier to read the text in the slightly narrower column The bidi option loads the bidi package which is used with XqIATEX to typeset bi directional text Since the bidi package needs to be loaded before the sidenotes and cite commands are defined it can t be loaded in the document preamble The debug option causes the Tufte IATIEX classes to output debug information to the log file which is useful in troubleshooting bugs It will also cause the graphics to be replaced by outlines The nofonts option prevents the Tufte I4TgX classes from auto matically loading the Palatino and Helvetica typefaces You should use this option if you wish to load your own fonts If you re using XFIAIEX this op
11. rst printing May 2009 Contents The Design of Tufte s Books 11 On the Use of the tufte book Document Class 17 Debug Stuff 23 Bibliography 25 Index 27 Dedicated to those who appreciate ATEX and the work of Edward R Tufte and Donald E Knuth Introduction This sample book discusses the design of Edward Tufte s books and the use of the tufte book and sample handout document classes Edward R Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut 2001 ISBN o 9613921 4 2 Edward R Tufte Envisioning Information Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut 1990 ISBN 0 9613921 1 8 Edward R Tufte Visual Explanations Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut 1997 ISBN 0 9613921 2 6 and Edward R Tufte Beautiful Evidence Graphics Press LLC first edition May 2006 ISBN 0 9613921 7 7 The Design of Tufte s Books THE PAGES of a book are usually divided into three major sections the front matter also called preliminary matter or prelim the main matter the core text of the book and the back matter or end mat ter THE FRONT MATTER of a book refers to all of the material that comes before the main text The following table from shows a list of ma terial that appears in the front matter of The Visual Display of Quan titative Information Envisioning Information Visual Explanations and Beautiful Evidence along with its page number Page numbers that appear in parentheses re
12. tely omit the offset argument sidenote number Sidenote text The marginnote command has a similar offset argument marginnote offset Margin note text References References are placed alongside their citations as sidenotes as well This can be accomplished using the normal cite command The complete list of references may also be printed automatically by using the bibliography command See the end of this document for an example If you do not want to print a bibliography at the end of your document use the nobibliography command in its place To enter multiple citations at one location you can provide a list of keys separated by commas and the same optional vertical offset argument cite Tufte2006 Tufte1990 wcitel offset bibkey1 bibkey2 This is a margin note Notice that there isn t a number preceding the note and there is no number in the main text where this note was written 7 The first paragraph of this document includes a citation Edward R Tufte Beautiful Evidence Graphics Press LLC first edition May 2006 ISBN 0 9613921 7 7 and Edward R Tufte Envisioning Infor mation Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut 1990 ISBN 0 9613921 1 8 ON THE USE OF THE tufte book DOCUMENT CLASS 19 Figures and Tables Images and graphics play an integral role in Tufte s work In addition to the standard figure and tabular environments this style provides special figure
13. tion is implied i e the Palatino and Helvetica fonts aren t loaded if you use XqI4TEX The nols option inhibits the letterspacing code The Tufte JAIEX classes try to load the appropriate letterspacing package either pdfIEX s letterspace package or the soul package If you re us ing Xql4TEX with fontenc however you should configure your own letterspacing The notitlepage option causes maketitle to generate a title block instead of a title page The book class defaults to a title page 22 A TUFTE STYLE BOOK and the handout class defaults to the title block There is an analo gous titlepage option that forces maketitle to generate a full title page instead of the title block The notoc option suppresses Tufte IATEX s custom table of contents roc design The current roc design only shows unnumbered chap ter titles it doesn t show sections or subsections The notoc option will revert to IATEX s TOC design Debug Stuff Bibliography 1 Robert Bringhurst The Elements of Typography Hartley amp Marks 3 1 edition 2005 ISBN 0 88179 205 5 2 Edward R Tufte Envisioning Information Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut 1990 ISBN 0 9613921 1 8 3 Edward R Tufte Visual Explanations Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut 1997 ISBN 0 9613921 2 6 4 Edward R Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut 2001 ISBN 0 9613921 4 2 5 Edward R Tufte Beauti
14. tion of graphics with text and well set typography This document aims to be at once a demonstration of the features of the Tufte IATEX document classes and a style guide to their use Page Layout Headings This style provides a and B heads that is section and subsection demonstrated above If you need more than two levels of section headings you ll have to define them yourself at the moment there are no pre defined styles for anything below a subsection As Bringhurst points out in The Elements of Typographic Style you should use as many levels of Robert Bringhurst The Elements of Typography Hartley amp Marks 3 1 headings as you need no more and no fewer 5 y edition 2005 ISBN 0 88179 205 5 The Tufte IATEX classes will emit an error if you try to use subsubsection and smaller headings IN HIS LATER BOOKS Tufte starts each section with a bit of vertical 5 Edward R Tufte Beautiful Evidence Graphics Press LLC first edition May space a non indented paragraph and sets the first few words of the 2006 ISBN 0 9613921 7 7 sentence in SMALL CAPS To accomplish this using this style use the newthought command newthought In his later books Tufte starts Sidenotes One of the most prominent and distinctive features of this style is the extensive use of sidenotes There is a wide margin to provide ample room for sidenotes and small figures Any footnotes will au tomatically be converted
15. to sidenotes If you d like to place ancillary 6 This is a sidenote that was entered using the footnote command 18 A TUFTE STYLE BOOK information in the margin without the sidenote mark the superscript number you can use the marginnote command The specification of the sidenote command is sidenote number 11 offset Sidenote text Both the number and offset arguments are optional If you pro vide a number argument then that number will be used as the sidenote number It will change of the number of the current side note only and will not affect the numbering sequence of subsequent sidenotes Sometimes a sidenote may run over the top of other text or graph ics in the margin space If this happens you can adjust the vertical position of the sidenote by providing a dimension in the offset argu ment Some examples of valid dimensions are 1 0in 2 54cm 254mm 6 baselineskip If the dimension is positive it will push the sidenote down the page if the dimension is negative it will move the sidenote up the page While both the number and offset arguments are optional they must be provided in order To adjust the vertical position of the side note while leaving the sidenote number alone use the following syntax sidenote offset Sidenote text The empty brackets tell the sidenote command to use the default sidenote number If you only want to change the sidenote number however you may comple
16. ward R Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information SECOND EDITION Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut THE DESIGN OF TUFTE S BOOKS 13 Edward R Tufte Envisioning Information Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut Edward R Tufte Visual Explanations Images and Quantities Evidence and Narrative Graphics Press Cheshire Connecticut EDWARD R TUFTE BEAUTIFUL EVIDENCE GRAPHICS PRESS LLC 14 A TUFTE STYLE BOOK Contents PARTI GRAPHICAL PRACTICE 1 Graphical Excellence 13 2 Graphical Integrity 53 3 Sources of Graphical Integrity and Sophistication 79 PART II THEORY OF DATA GRAPHICS 4 Data Ink and Graphical Redesign 91 Chartjunk Vibrations Grids and Ducks 107 6 Data Ink Maxim ion and Graphical Design 123 7 Multifinetioning Graphical Elements 139 8 Data Density and Small Multiples 161 9 Aesthetics and Technique in Data Graphical Design 177 Epilogue Designs for the Display of Information 191 Contents ESCAPING FLATLAND 12 Micro Macro READI LAYERING AND SEPARATION 3 SMALL MULTIPLES 67 COLOR AND INFORMATION 81 Contents Images and Quantities 13 Visual and Statistical Thinking Displays of Evidence for Making Decisions 27 Explaining Magie Pictorial Instructions and Disinformation Design s5 The Smallest Effective Difference 73 Parallelism Repetition and Change Comparison and Surprise 79 Multiples of
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