Zener Limiter Manual
Contents
1. Connections All connections on the Zener are transformer balanced with pin 2 hot Power supply This is designed to be used with Chandler Limited PSU 1 MKII power supply The power pin out is as follows 1 chassis and audio ground 2 48 volt 3 28 volt 4 28 volt Notes on Grounding On the back of the power supply are two black banana connectors These join the audio ground to earth ground with a solid wire between them Depending on your studio you may want this connected or disconnected Turn up your monitors or headphones a bit and experiment with which has a lower noise floor in your system You may also need to join the audio banana plug to other sections of your studio to obtain lowest noise floor The audio banana is located closest to the edge of the power supply case Use something simple like a guitar cord and touch the tip to other portions of your studio to find best results In some cases it may be best to connect a 10 ohm resistor between banana plugs Please contact the factory for any help in this area CHANDLER ILIMItED Controls and Features IN LEFT IN RIGHT FULL BYPASS Each channel of the Zener may be fully bypassed by use of these pushbuttons Its main use is for direct comparison of dry and compressed sounds INPUT GAIN HIGH LOW INPUT GAIN The Zener has selectable input gain and input impedance via the input gain toggle on the top right of the panel This was added so the Limiter could mor2. 24 36 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 ms Comp 1 28 47 68 100 125 210 285 350 425 495 570 ms CHANDILETD LIMITED Controls and Features continued 3 11 9 A 1 3 8 N a 14 s 4 7s o 2 16 5 m 17 A 5 1 5 lt 9 2 4 20 1 6 1 RELEASE RELEASE A special feature of all EMI Limiters from the RS114 tube limiter RS124 Altec compressor RS168 Zener prototype TG12345 console limiter and TG12413 mastering limiter was that they all shared a special set of six release times This is a very important part of the EMI and TG sound The Zener preserves these settings in all their glory but also greatly expands on them adding further to the flexibility and tonal character The new release control is 21 positions with the original 1 6 release times marked in white with parentheses New additions are in yellow marked 1 21 and in between the vintage release times Again it is easy to recall the old school setting of your choice or experiment creatively with the new times Some people may wish to use the new release times to tune the release to match the tempo of their song or just enjoy the great variety of sounds attainable Note that the fastest release times in yellow marked 1 and 2 were mainly chosen for the generally slower acting COMP 1 and 2 modes When LIMITING very hard on these settings you may get unpleasing artifacts and it generally is best to switch to the 1 white setting which was the stand
3. THD past the 2 marking on the front panel by increasing the signal into the Zener from an outside source CHANDLER ILIMItED Controls and Features continued At unity gain input with the INPUT switch on full you will get about 2 THD If this is increased to 4 5db distortion will increase to around 5 which is many many times that of tape and without clipping One excellent use of this is to patch the two Zener channels in series and use the first to Limit and the second for THD You can then use the OUTPUT control of the first channel to drive the second into higher THD percentages while lower the output of the second to control overall level Very retro 0 2 2 g gt ake l 4 s 6m 6 I 8 8 L Ss l AS 10 10 OUTPUT OUTPUT GAIN Another 21 position gold contact switch set for 10db of gain control in 1db steps Use this for Gain make up when hard limiting or to drive the second channel into a higher THD range when in THD mode as described above COMP 2 COMP 1 l LIMIT s 4 CO COMP LIMIT A very important control for tailoring the overall tone of the unit COMP 1 is a 2 1 ratio with slower time constants that was originally designed by EMI engineers to emulate the Altec 436 RS 124 EMI modified Altec compressors Limit is much faster and designed to emulate the response curves of the much loved Fairchild 660 COMP 2 is a new setting designed to put you halfway between the two original
4. settings and essentially gives you the compression curve of COMP 1 with faster release times similar to LIMIT CHANDLER ILIMItED Controls and Features continued Ti na 30 150 s 1 I OUT 300 SIDE CHAIN SIDECHAIN Sidechain filtering was added to the Zener as part of the effort to make an ultimately flexible TG Limiter In situations where a TG1 may be too aggressive the sidechain combined with other Zener modifications makes this new TG useable in nearly every situation With this control you can remove low frequency information feeding the limiting circuit from 30 to 300 Hz It is VERY effective when you need a more gentle compression or limiting action while maintaining that special TG sound Excellent for mixes subgroups bass and even hard slamming kick drums You need to try this 6 5 7 vila 4 oo 3 29 gt 10 s 4 s ATTACK The attack control combined with the sidechain filter is the heart of the flexibility of the Zener The RS168 and all TG versions of the limiter had preset attack times until now You will notice that setting two in white is the original attack time with the remaining being new additions Since the attack times were generally quite quick especially in LIMIT mode most settings are slower These are extremely effective on drums and bass when combined with sidechain filter Attack times Limit 5 8 12 18 25 37 50 62 75 87 100 ms Comp 2 10 16
5. CHANDLER ILIMItED ZENER LIMITER The EMI TG12413 Zener Limiter is the ultimate TG limiter issued in celebration of the 75th birthday of Abbey Road Studios The Zener Limiter was conceived by Chandler Limited designer Wade Goeke and is based on the vintage EMI circuits used to record The Beatles and Pink Floyd It continues the tradition of EMI Limiters started in 1954 with the RS114 tube limiter and the 1968 RS168 Zener Limiter The Zener Limiters were also part of the 1969 TG12345 console channel and the 1974 TG12413 This newest version borrows from the RS168 Zener Limiter and TG12345 console strip to make a new full featured and flexible unit for modern use The Zener Limiter is reissued to add features and flexibility to the powerful and vintage sounding TG limiter circuits Wade has added many new controls including switchable input impedance for hard or soft driving of the unit 11 position attack 21 position release side chain filtering and Comp 1 Comp 2 and limit settings NOTE ON FRONT PANEL LABELING You will notice white and yellow markings on the controls of the front panel This is not a mistake Because of the new controls and settings added to the Zener we have used two colors for control labels White labels designate a setting exactly as it would have been on a vintage TG unit Yellow designates expanded selections chosen by Wade This way you may accurately recall a standard TG setting or purposely break all the rules
6. ard fast setting on EMI Limiters Release times Limit 10 25 50 65 75 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 625 750 ms and 1 1 25 1 5 and 2 seconds Comp 2 20 50 100 130 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 ms and 1 1 25 1 5 2 2 5 3 and 4 seconds Comp 1 60 125 250 375 425 545 700 850 ms and 1 1 2 1 6 2 2 25 2 5 2 8 3 5 4 25 5 7 1 8 5 and 10 seconds CHANDILER LIMItED Controls and Features continued LINK STEREO MONO 1 7 G LINK As with the previous versions of the TG Limiter the LINK system is relatively primitive To link channels you must not only set the LINK control to stereo but also set the controls on each channel to matching settings Since all controls on the Zener are stepped with high quality resistors matching channels for stereo use is very easy Please feel free to call our shop anytime for help or questions Prior to sending in your gear for repair please contact our shop at the number below We will assist you in troubleshooting the problem and if needed we will issue you an RMA to send in the gear Send repairs to Chandler Limited Inc Attention Repairs 222 S Cherry St Shell Rock IA 50670 Phone 319 885 4200 Email support chandlerlimited com IDILES LIMITED CE Certification Chandler Limited declares under its sole responsibility that all products manufactured by them are in compliance with EC directives 2004 108 EC E
7. e easily replicate different versions of the RS168 and TG12413 Limiter The high gain setting is 12db higher and is similar to the Vanderlism setting of the RS168 Zener proto type please refer to the book Recording the Beatles for more The low gain is closer to the TG12345 console input but is still hotter than the unity gain input of the TG12413 mastering console version Input impedance is 300 ohm in High and 1200 ohm in Low 6 THD 5 1g 7 04 4 3 9 oa ay 2 N10 L x N 11 2 INPUT INPUT CONTROL This is a 21 position gold contact audio taper switch that controls the level going into the compressor limiter Simply turn it up to drive the unit into harder limiting 6 THD 5 W O j 7 04 vA ix 38 a a Jis 9 ay s 2 10 LIMIT 11 2 INPUT THD The THD toggle on the right top of each channel disengages the limiter threshold so that the channel will stop limiting but signal still runs through the entire audio path and sidechain The effect is a smooth pleasing distortion with a high frequency bump caused by the discrete amplifiers and zener diode limiting circuit The INPUT switch is used to drive the signal to more or less distortion and is marked in white on the front panel Interestingly the THD function takes a clean sine wave signal and gradually triangulates it as you increase the input control but importantly does not clip the signal in anyway It is possible to drive the
8. lectromagnetic Compatibility 2004 108 EG Electromagnetic Compatibility 2006 95 EC Low Voltage Equipment Safety
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