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CellPipe 22A-GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual

1. 103 Viewing Your EOA Setup 104 Adding EOA Interfaces 106 15 Configuring IPoA Interfaces 109 Viewing Your IPoA Interface Setup 109 Adding IPoA Interfaces 111 16 Configuring Bridging 113 Overview of Bridges 113 Using the Bridging Feature 114 Defining Bridge Interfaces 115 Deleting a Bridge Interface 116 17 Configuring Firewall Settings 117 Configuring Global Firewall Settings 117 Managing the Black List 120 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols 121 Configuring IP Filters 122 Viewing your IP filter configuration 122 Configuring IP filter global settings 123 Creating IP filter rules 124
2. 146 B Binary Numbers 149 Binary Numbers 149 Bits and bytes 149 C Troubleshooting 151 Diagnosing Problem using IP Utilities 153 ping 153 nslookup 154 D Glossary 155 11 1 Introduction Congratulations on becoming the owner of the CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet bridge router Your LAN local area network will now be able to access the Internet using your high speed ADSL connection This User Manual will show you how to set up the CellPipe 22A GX and how to customize its configuration to get the most out of your new product Features Internal ADSL modem for high speed Internet access 10 100Base T Ethernet router to provide Internet connectivity to all computers on your LAN USB port for connecting a USB enabled PC Network address translation NAT Firewall and IP filtering functions to provide security for your LAN Network configuration through DHCP Server and DHCP Relay Services including IP route and DNS config
3. 3 Calling the technical assistance center TAC 3 1 Introduction 11 Features 11 System Requirements 11 Using this Document 12 Notational conventions 12 Typographical conventions 12 Special messages 12 2 Getting to Know the CellPipe 22A GX 13 Parts Check 13 Front Panel 13 Rear Panel 13 3 Quick Start 15 Part 1 Connecting the Hardware 15 Step 1 Connect the ADSL cable and optional telephone 15 Step 2 Connect the Ethernet cable 16 Step 3 Attach the power connector 16 Step 4 Turn on the CellPipe 22A GX and power up your systems
4. 16 Step 5 Install USB software and connect the USB cable 16 Part 2 Configuring Your Computers 17 Before you begin 17 Windows XP PCs 17 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 6 Windows 2000 PCs 18 Windows Me PCs 19 Windows 95 98 PCs 20 Windows NT 4 0 workstations 21 Assigning static Internet information to your PCs 22 Configuring a computer connected to the USB port 23 Part 3 Configuring the CellPipe 22A GX 28 Logging in to the CellPipe 22A GX Quick Configuration Page 28 Default Router Settings 31 Testing Your Setup 32 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager 3
5. 50 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 51 Overview of DHCP 51 What is DHCP 51 Why use DHCP 51 CellPipe 22A GX DHCP modes 52 Configuring DHCP Server 53 Guidelines for creating DHCP server address pools 53 Adding DHCP Server Address Pools 54 Viewing modifying and deleting address pools 57 Excluding IP addresses from a pool 57 Viewing current DHCP address assignments 58 Configuring DHCP Relay 59 Setting the DHCP Mode 60 8 Configuring Network Address Translation 61 Overview of NAT 61 Viewing NAT Global Settings and Statistics 63 Viewing NAT Rules and Rule Statistics 65 Viewing Current NAT Translations 6
6. Caution To reduce the risk of fire use only Number 26 AWG or larger telecommunications line cord Instruction provided in Installation Instruction CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 3 Customer Service Product and service information and software upgrades are available 24 hours a day Technical assistance options accommodate varying levels of urgency Finding information and software To obtain software upgrades release notes and addenda for this product log in to Lucent OnLine Customer Support at http www lucent com support Lucent OnLine Customer Support also provides technical information product information and descriptions of available services The center is open 24hours a day seven days a week Log in and select a service Obtaining technical assistance Lucent OnLine Customer Support at http www lucent com support provides access to technical support You can obtain technical assistance through email or the Internet or by telephone If you need assistance make sure that you have the following information available Product name model and serial number Software version Software and hardware options If supplied by your carrier service profile identifiers SPIDs associated with your line Active service or maintenance contract number entitlement ID or site ID Your local telephone company s switch type and operating mode such as AT amp T 5ESS Custom or
7. 1 Click the Admin tab The User Password Configuration page displays by default Figure 11 User Password Configuration Page 2 Type your current password in the Old Password text box 3 Type the new password in the New Password text box and again in the Confirm New text box The password can be up to eight ASCII characters long When logging in you must type the new password in the same upper and lower case characters that you use here 4 Click 5 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 6 Click to save your changes to permanent memory Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 40 Committing Your Changes and Rebooting the Device Committing your changes Whenever you use the Configuration Manager to change system settings the changes are initially placed in temporary storage called random access memory or RAM Your changes are made effective when you submit them but will be lost if the device is reset or turned off You can commit changes to save them permanently to flash memory Note Submitting changes activates them immediately but saves them only until the device is reset or powered down Committing changes saves them permanently Follow these steps to commit changes 1 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar The Commit amp Reboot page displays Figur
8. 1 In the Windows task bar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network and Dial up Connections icon 3 In the Network and Dial up Connections window right click the Network icon and then select Properties The Network Properties dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components If the list includes Internet Protocol TCP IP then the protocol has already been enabled Skip to step 11 4 If Internet Protocol TCP IP does not display as an installed component click 5 In the Select Network Component Type dialog box select Protocol and then click 6 Select Microsoft in the Manufacturers box 7 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP in the Network Protocols list and then click You may be prompted to install files from your Windows Me installation CD or other media Follow the instructions to install the files 8 If prompted click to restart your computer with the new settings Next configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the CellPipe 22A GX 9 In the Control Panel double click the Network and Dial up Connections icon 10 In Network and Dial up Connections window right click the Network icon and then select Properties 11 In the Network Properties dialog box select TCP IP and then click 12 In the TCP IP Settings dialog box click the radio button labeled Server assigned IP address Also
9. CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Revision 1 February 2003 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 2 Copyright 2002 2003 Lucent Technologies Inc All rights reserved This material is protected by the copyright laws of the United States and other countries It may not be reproduced distributed or altered in any fashion by any entity either internal or external to Lucent Technologies except in accordance with applicable agreements contracts or licensing without the express written consent of Lucent Technologies For permission to reproduce or distribute please email your request to techcomm lucent com Notice Every effort was made to ensure that the information in this document was complete and accurate at the time of printing but information is subject to change European Community EC RTTE Compliance Hereby Lucent Technologies declares that the equipment documented in this publication is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of the Radio and Telecommunications Technical Equipment RTTE Directive 1999 5 EC To view the official Declaration of Conformity certificate for this equipment according to EN 45014 access the Lucent INS online documentation library at http www lucentdocs com ins Industry Canada Self Marking Declaration of Conformity The abbreviation IC before the registration number signifies that registration was performed
10. This selection specifies which type of Internet communication will be subject to this translation rule You can select ALL if the rule applies to all data Or select TCP UDP ICMP or a number from 1 255 that represents the IANA specified protocol number 4 In the Local Address From and Local Address To fields type the same private IP address or the lowest and highest addresses in a range If you type the same IP address in both fields incoming traffic that matches the criteria you specify in steps 5 and 6 will be redirected to that IP address If you type a range of addresses incoming traffic will be redirected to any available computer in that range This option would typically be used for load balancing whereby traffic is distributed among several redundant servers to help ensure efficient network performance These addresses should correspond to private addresses already in use on your network either assigned statically to your PCs or assigned dynamically using DHCP as discussed in the Quick Start Part 2 5 In the Global Address From and Global Address To fields type the public IP address assigned to you by your ISP If you have multiple WAN PPP interfaces this rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on other PPP interfaces This rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on WAN interfaces not specified here If you have multiple WAN interfaces and want the rule to be enforced on more than one of th
11. Any custom settings will be lost 43 5 Configuring the LAN and USB Ports This chapter describes how to configure IP properties for the interfaces on the CellPipe 22A GX that communicate with your LAN and USB computers Connecting via Ethernet and or USB If you are using the CellPipe 22A GX with multiple PCs on your LAN you must connect the LAN via an Ethernet hub to the device s LAN port called eth 0 If you are using a single PC with the CellPipe 22A GX you have two options for connecting it to the device You can connect the PC directly to the LAN port using a crossover Ethernet cable See Appendix C Troubleshooting for a description of crossover versus straight through Ethernet cables If the PC is USB enabled you can connect it directly to the device s USB port called usb 0 Only one computer can be connected in this manner You can also use the USB and Ethernet ports simultaneously connecting your LAN to the Ethernet port and a standalone PC to the USB port You must assign a unique IP address to each device port that you use Chapter 5 Configuring the LAN and USB Ports CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 44 Configuring the LAN Port IP Address The LAN IP address identifies the LAN port eth 0 as a node on your network that is its IP address must be in the same subnet as the PCs on your LAN Definition A network node can be thought of as any interface where a device conne
12. If you have multiple TCP IP listings select the listing associated with your network card or adapter 10 In the TCP IP Properties dialog box click the IP Address tab 11 Click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically 12 Click the DNS Configuration tab and then click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically 13 Click twice to confirm and save your changes You will be prompted to restart Windows 14 Click CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 3 Quick Start 21 Windows NT 4 0 workstations First check for the IP protocol and if necessary install it 1 In the Windows NT task bar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 In the Control Panel window double click the Network icon 3 In the Network dialog box click the Protocols tab The Protocols tab displays a list of currently installed network protocols If the list includes TCP IP then the protocol has already been enabled Skip to step 9 4 If TCP IP does not display as an installed component click 5 In the Select Network Protocol dialog box select TCP IP and then click You may be prompted to install files from your Windows NT installation CD or other media Follow the instructions to install the files After all files are installed a window displays to inform you that a TCP IP service called DHCP can be set up to dynamically assig
13. The time range during which this rule is to be in effect specified in military units Src IP Address IP address criteria for the source computer s from which the packet originates In the drop down list you can configure the rule to be invoked on packets containing any any source IP address lt any source IP address that is numerically less than the specified address lteq any source IP address that is numerically less than or equal to the specified address gt any source IP address that is numerically greater than the specified address eq any source IP address that is numerically equal to the specified address neq any source IP address that is not equal to the specified address range any source IP address that is within the specified range inclusive out of range any source IP address that is outside the specified range self the IP address of the CellPipe 22A GX interface on which this rule takes effect Dest IP Address IP address rule criteria for the destination computer s i e the IP address of the computer to which the packet is being sent In addition to the options described for the Src IP Address field the following option is available bcast Specifies that the rule will be invoked for any packets sent to the broadcast address for the receiving interface The broadcast address is used to send packets to all hosts on the LAN or subnet connected to the specified interface When you select this option
14. the network ID portion of their IP addresses and their subnet masks must be the same See Appendix A for an explanation of IP addresses and network masks If you change the LAN IP address you may need to update the DHCP configuration so that the addresses that the DHCP server dynamically assigns to your computers are on the same subnet as the new LAN IP address See Chapter 7 for instructions on changing the pool of dynamically assigned addresses Chapter 5 Configuring the LAN and USB Ports CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 46 Enabling DHCP If you choose to have the LAN port be a DHCP client of an internal or external server the LAN Network Mask field will be dimmed and made unavailable for entry The LAN IP Address field will remain editable however The address that you specify here will be used as a request to the DHCP server This is referred to as a Configured IP Address in the program If the configured IP address is not available from the DHCP server then system will accept another assigned address Even after another number is assigned the same configured IP address will continue to display in this field 3 Click If you changed the LAN IP address while working from a PC that is connected to the device via Ethernet then your connection will be terminated If you changed the LAN IP address while working from a PC connected to the device via USB a page will display to confirm your change a
15. you do not need to specify the address so the address fields are dimmed CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols 127 Field Description Protocol The basic IP protocol criteria that must be met for rule to be invoked Using the options in the drop down list you can specify that packets must contain the selected protocol eq that they must not contain the specified protocol neq or that the rule can be invoked regardless of the protocol any TCP UDP and ICMP are commonly IP protocols others can be identified by number from 0 255 as defined by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Store State If this option is enabled then stateful filtering is performed the rule is also applied in the other direction on the given interface during an IP session Source Port Port number criteria for the computer s from which the packet originates This field will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you have selected TCP or UDP as the protocol See the description of Src IP Address for the selection options Dest Port Port number criteria for the destination computer s i e the port number of the type of computer to which the packet is being sent This field will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you have selected TCP or UDP as the protocol See the description of Src IP Address for the selection options TCP Flag Specifies wheth
16. 0 NextHop Specifies the next IP address to send data to when its final destination is that shown in the destination column IFName Displays the name of the interface on the device through which data is forwarded to the specified next hop Route Type Displays whether the route is direct or indirect In a direct route the source and destination computers are on the same network and the router attempts to directly deliver the data to the computer In an indirect route the source and destination computers are on different networks and the router forwards data to a device on another network for further handling Route Origin Displays how the route was defined Dynamic indicates that the route was created automatically or predefined by your ISP or the manufacturer Routes you create are labeled Local Other routes can be created automatically using RIP as described in Chapter 1 or defined remotely through various network management protocols LCL or ICMP Action Displays an icon you can click on to delete a route CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 10 Configuring IP Routes 85 Adding IP Routes Follow these instructions to add an IP route to the routing table 1 From the IP Route Table page click The IP Route Add page displays as shown in Figure 36 Figure 36 IP Route Add Page 2 Specify the destination network mask and gateway or next hop for this route For a d
17. 11111111 11000000 The two extra bits in field4 can have four values 00 01 10 11 so there are four subnets Each subnet uses the remaining six bits in field4 for its host IDs ranging from 0 to 63 Note Sometimes a subnet mask does not specify any additional network ID bits and thus no subnets Such a mask is called a default subnet mask These masks are Class A 255 0 0 0 Class B 255 255 0 0 Class C 255 255 255 0 These are called default because they are used when a network is initially configured at which time it has no subnets 149 B Binary Numbers Binary Numbers In everyday life we use the decimal system of numbers In decimal numbers are written using the ten digits 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 and 9 Computers however do not use decimal Instead they use binary Definition binary numbers Binary numbers are numbers written using only the two digits 0 and 1 e g 110100 Hint Does base ten sound familiar Think grade school Base ten is just another name for decimal Similarly base two is binary Just as each digit in a decimal number represents a multiple of 10 1 10 100 1000 10 000 etc each digit in a binary number represents a multiple of 2 1 2 4 8 16 etc For example Decimal Binary 1 000 s 100 s 10 s 1 s 8 s 4 s 2 s 1 s 1 3 1 1 0 1 Also since binary uses only two digits to represent all numbers a binary number has more digits tha
18. 44 Figure 44 PPP Interface Add Page 2 Select a PPP interface name from the drop down list and then enter or select data for each field Note You can create multiple PPP interfaces only if you are using the PPoA protocol only one PPP interface can be defined if you are using PPoE Check with your ISP which version of the protocol they require The fields are defined in the tables on page 96 and 98 3 Click A page displays to confirm your changes 4 Click to return to the PPP page and view the new interface in the table CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 13 Configuring PPP Interfaces 101 5 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 6 Click to save your changes to permanent memory Modifying and Deleting PPP Interfaces To modify a PPP interface display the PPP Configuration page and click in the Action s column for the interface you want to modify The PPP Interface Modify page displays as shown in Figure 45 Figure 45 PPP Interface Modify You can change only the status of the PPP connection the security protocol your login name and your password To modify the other settings you must delete the interface and create a new one To delete a PPP interface display the PPP Configuration page and click in the Action s column for the interface you want to delete You should not delete a PPP interface unless you have received
19. Appendix A IP Addresses Network Masks and Subnets CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 146 Network classes The three commonly used network classes are A B and C There is also a class D but it has a special use beyond the scope of this discussion These classes have different uses and characteristics Class A networks are the Internet s largest networks each with room for over 16 million hosts Up to 126 of these huge networks can exist for a total of over 2 billion hosts Because of their huge size these networks are used for WANs and by organizations at the infrastructure level of the Internet such as your ISP Class B networks are smaller but still quite large each able to hold over 65 000 hosts There can be up to 16 384 class B networks in existence A class B network might be appropriate for a large organization such as a business or government agency Class C networks are the smallest only able to hold 254 hosts at most but the total possible number of class C networks exceeds 2 million 2 097 152 to be exact LANs connected to the Internet are usually class C networks Some important notes regarding IP addresses The class can be determined easily from field1 field1 1 126 Class A field1 128 191 Class B field1 192 223 Class C field1 values not shown are reserved for special uses A host ID can have any value except all fields set to 0 or all fields set to 255 as those values are r
20. Configuration Protocol 59 Configuring DHCP Relay Some ISPs perform the DHCP server function for their customers home small office networks In this case you can configure the device as a DHCP relay agent When a computer on your network requests Internet access the CellPipe 22A GX contacts your ISP to obtain an IP address and other information and then forwards that information to the computer Follow these instructions to configure DHCP relay First you must configure your PCs to accept DHCP information assigned by a DHCP server 1 Open the Windows Control Panel and display the computer s Networking properties Configure the TCP IP properties to Obtain an IP address automatically the actual text may vary depending on your operating system For detailed instructions see the Quick Start chapter Part 2 Configuring Your Computers Next you specify the IP address of the DHCP server and select the interfaces on your network that will be using the relay service 2 Log into the Configuration Manager click the LAN tab and then click DHCP Relay in the task bar The DHCP Relay Configuration page displays Figure 20 DHCP Relay Configuration Page 3 In the DHCP Server Address fields type the IP address of your ISP s DHCP server If you do not have this number it is not essential to enter it here Requests for IP information from your LAN will be passed to the default gateway which should route the req
21. Enter a Rule ID The Rule ID determines the order in which rules are invoked the lowest numbered rule is invoked first and so on If you define two or more rules that act on the same set of IP addresses be sure to assign the Rule ID so that the higher priority rules are invoked first It is recommended that you specify rule IDs as multiples of 5 or 10 so that in the future you can insert a rule between two existing rules Once a data packet matches a rule the data is acted upon according to that rule and is not subjected to higher numbered rules 5 From the IFName drop down list select the interface on the device to which this rule applies Typically NAT rules are used for communication between your LAN and the Internet Because the device uses the WAN interface which may be named ppp 0 eoa 0 or ipoa 0 to connect your LAN to your ISP it is the usual IFName selection 6 In the Local Address From field and Local Address To fields type the starting and ending IP addresses respectively of the range of private address you use on your network that you want to be translated You can specify that data from all LAN addresses should be translated by typing 0 zero in each From field and 255 in each To field Or type the same address in both fields if the rule only applies to one LAN computer 7 In the Global Address From and Global Address To fields type the public IP address assigned to you by your ISP If you have mul
22. Enter the new VPI and VCI values select the MUX type or change the maximum number of protocols that the VC can carry as directed by your ISP You cannot modify the interface type over which an existing VC operates aal5 0 for example If you want to change the interface type you must delete the existing interface create a new one and select the desired interface type 3 Click 4 On the confirmation page click to return to the ATM VC Configuration page 5 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 6 Click to save your changes to permanent memory You can verify that the new settings work by attempting to access the Internet from a LAN USB computer Contact your ISP for troubleshooting assistance 95 13 Configuring PPP Interfaces When powered on the CellPipe 22A GX initiates a connection through your DSL line to your ISP The point to point PPP protocol is commonly used between ISPs and their customers to identify and control various communication properties including Identifying the type of service the ISP provides to a given customer Identifying the customer to the ISP through a username and password login Enabling the ISP to assign Internet information to the customer s computers Your ISP may or may not use the PPP protocol Contact your ISP to determine if you will need to change the default settings in order to connect to their server Viewing Your Current
23. IP filter rule examples 129 Viewing IP filter statistics 131 Managing current IP filter sessions 131 Blocking Protocols 133 19 Viewing DSL Line Information 135 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 10 20 Administrative Tasks 139 Viewing System Alarms 140 Viewing the Alarm Table 140 Upgrading the Software 141 Using Diagnostics 142 Modifying Port Settings 143 Overview of IP port numbers 143 Modifying the CellPipe 22A GX device s port numbers 143 A IP Addresses Network Masks and Subnets 145 IP Addresses 145 Structure of an IP address 145 Network classes 146 Subnet masks
24. PPP Configuration To view your current PPP setup log into Configuration Manager click the WAN tab and then click PPP in the task bar The Point to Point Protocol PPP Configuration page displays as shown in Figure 42 Figure 42 Point to Point Protocol PPP Configuration Page PPP is configured as a group of software settings associated with the ADSL port Although the device has only one physical ADSL port the CellPipe 22A GX can be defined with more than one group of PPP settings Each group of settings is called a PPP interface and is given a name such as ppp 0 ppp 1 etc Chapter 13 Configuring PPP Interfaces CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 96 You can configure the following settings on the PPP Configuration page Inactivity TimeOut The time in minutes that must elapse before a PPP connection times out due to inactivity Ignore WAN to LAN traffic while monitoring inactivity enabled data traffic traveling in the incoming direction from the WAN port to the LAN port will not count as activity on the WAN port i e the occurrence of WAN to LAN traffic will not prevent the connection from being terminated due to lack of activity in the LAN to WAN direction The PPP Configuration Table displays the following fields Field Description Interface The predefined name of the PPP interface VC The virtual circuit over which this PPP data is sent The VC identifies the physical path the da
25. Telnet servers that are embedded on the CellPipe 22A GX The following scenario is one example of why changing the HTTP port number may be necessary You have an externally visible Web server on your LAN with a NAT rule RDR flavor that redirects incoming HTTP packets to that Web server When incoming packets contain a destination IP address of your public IP address which is assigned to the CellPipe 22A GX s WAN port and the standard Web server port number of 80 the NAT rule recognizes the port number and redirects the packets to your Web server s local IP address Assume in this scenario that you also want to enable external access to the CellPipe 22A GX device s Configuration Manager so that your ISP can log in and manager your system for example Accessing Configuration Manager requires accessing the CellPipe 22A GX device s own Web server also called its HTTP server In this case you would want to use the Port Settings feature to assign a non standard port number to the CellPipe 22A GX device s HTTP server Without a non standard port number the NAT rule would redirect your ISP s log in attempt to your LAN HTTP server rather than to the HTTP server on the CellPipe 22A GX Thereafter when your ISP wants to log on to your Configuration Manager they would type your IP address in their browser followed by a colon and the non standard port number as shown in this example http 10 0 1 16 61000 Your ISP may also h
26. To display the Alarm page log into the Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Alarm in the task bar The Alarm page is shown in Figure 63 Figure 63 Alarm Page Each row in the table displays the time and date that an alarm occurred the type of alarm and a brief statement indicating its cause You can click on the Refresh Rate drop down list to select a recurring time interval after which the page will redisplay with new data To remove all entries from the list click New entries will begin accumulating and will display when you click CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 20 Administrative Tasks 141 Upgrading the Software Your ISP may from time to time provide you with an upgrade to the software running on the CellPipe 22A GX All system software is contained in a single file called an image The image is composed of several distinct parts each of which implements a different set of functions Configuration Manager provides an easy way to upload a new software image or a specific part of the image to the memory on the CellPipe 22A GX To upgrade the image follow this procedure 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Image Upgrade in the task bar The Image Upgrade page is shown in Figure 64 Figure 64 Image Upgrade Page 2 In the Source Filename text box type the path and file name of the file as provided by your ISP You can
27. Viewing PPP Interface Details When you click to view additional details the PPP Interface Detail page displays as shown in Figure 43 Figure 43 PPP Detail Page In addition to the properties defined on page 96 the Detail page displays these fields Field Description Status Indicates whether the interface has been specified in the system as o Enabled A connection will be established for use when the device is turned on or rebooted o Disabled The PPP interface cannot currently be used o Start On Data The PPP connection will be made only when data is sent to the interface e g when a LAN user attempts to use the Internet Service Name This feature is available with PPoE interfaces but not with PPoA interfaces The name of the ISP service you are using with this PPP connection ISPs may offer different types of services for example for online gaming or business communications each requiring a different login and other connection properties CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 13 Configuring PPP Interfaces 99 Field Description Last Fail Cause Indicates the action that ended the previous PPP session o No Valid PADO Recvd The unit initiated a PPoE handshake but did not receive a packet in reply from the ISP o No Valid PADS Recvd After the initial handshake the unit did not receive a confirmation packet from the ISP o Stopped by User The user stopped the connect
28. WAN interface Gateway IP Address Specify the IP address that identifies the ISP server through which your Internet connection will be routed PPP Settings PPP User Name and Password Enter the username and password you use to log in to your ISP Note this is not the same as the user name and password you used to log in to Configuration Manager Use DNS Enable this feature if the DNS server addresses that your LAN will use should be supplied dynamically each time you connect to the ISP If you click Disable you must configure DNS addresses manually on each PC or on the fields below DNS Settings Primary Secondary DNS Server Enter the Primary and Secondary Domain Name System DNS server addresses provided by your ISP Chapter 3 Quick Start CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 30 2 When finished customizing these settings click The settings are now in effect however if you reboot or if the power is disconnected your settings will be lost In step 3 you save the changes to permanent memory 3 Click the Admin tab that displays in the upper right of the page and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 4 Click A page will display briefly to confirm your changes and then you will be returned to the Commit amp Reboot page You can click to remove all existing Quick Configuration settings and return to the default values You are now finished customizing basic sett
29. based on a Declaration of Conformity indicating that Industry Canada technical specifications were met It does not imply that Industry Canada approved the equipment To view the official Declaration of Conformity certificate for this equipment access the Lucent INS online documentation library at http www lucentdocs com ins Safety Compliance and Warranty Information Before handling any Lucent Access Networks hardware product read the Edge Access Safety and Compliance Guide which can be found at http www lucentdocs com ins See that guide also to determine how products comply with the electromagnetic interference EMI and network compatibility requirements of your country See the warranty card included in your product package for the limited warranty that Lucent Technologies provides for its products Security Statement In rare instances unauthorized individuals make connections to the telecommunications network through the use of access features Trademarks Lucent the Lucent logo and all Lucent brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Lucent Technologies Inc Other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective holders Ordering Information You can order the most up to date product information and computer based training online at http www lucentdocs com ins Feedback Lucent Technologies appreciates customer comments about this manual Please send them to techcomm lucent com
30. bits applied to an IP address to select the network ID while ignoring the host ID Bits set to 1 mean select this bit while bits set to 0 mean ignore this bit For example if the network mask 255 255 255 0 is applied to the IP address 100 10 50 1 the network ID is 100 10 50 and the host ID is 1 See also binary IP address subnet IP Addresses Explained section NIC Network Interface Card An adapter card that plugs into your computer and provides the physical interface to your network cabling which for Ethernet NICs is typically an RJ 45 connector See Ethernet RJ 45 packet Data transmitted on a network consists of units called packets Each packet contains a payload the data plus overhead information such as where it came from source address and where it should go destination address CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Appendix D Glossary 159 ping Packet Internet or Inter Network Groper A program used to verify whether the host associated with an IP address is online It can also be used to reveal the IP address for a given domain name port A physical access point to a device such as a computer or router through which data flows into and out of the device POTS Plain Old Telephone Service Traditional analog telephone service using copper telephone lines Pronounced pots See also PSTN POTS splitter See splitter PPP Point to Point Protocol A protocol for serial data transmissio
31. click to search for it on your hard drive The name of the upgrade file must be one of the following TEImage bin TEDsl gsz TEAppl gsz Filesys bin TEPatch bin 3 Click After a few seconds a message like the following should display the file name may differ File TEDsl gsz successfully saved to flash Please reboot for the new image to take effect 4 Turn power to the unit off wait a few seconds and turn it on again The new software will now be in effect If the system is not working properly or fails to boot contact your ISP for troubleshooting assistance Chapter 20 Administrative Tasks CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 142 Using Diagnostics The diagnostics feature executes a series of test of your system software and hardware connections Use this feature when working with your ISP to troubleshoot problems Follow these instructions to begin the diagnostics program 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Diagnostics in the task bar Figure 65 shows the Diagnostics page Figure 65 Diagnostics Page 2 From the Virtual Circuits drop down list select the name of the ATM interface currently defined on your system In most cases this will be the default atm 0 See Chapter 12 Configuring the ATM Virtual Circuit for an explanation of ATM interfaces 3 Click The diagnostics utility will run a series of test to check whethe
32. click the radio button labeled Server assigned name server address 13 Click twice to confirm and save your changes and then close the Control Panel Chapter 3 Quick Start CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 20 Windows 95 98 PCs First check for the IP protocol and if necessary install it 1 In the Windows task bar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components If the list includes TCP IP and then the protocol has already been enabled Skip to step 9 3 If TCP IP does not display as an installed component click The Select Network Component Type dialog box displays 4 Select Protocol and then click The Select Network Protocol dialog box displays 5 Click on Microsoft in the Manufacturers list box and then click TCP IP in the Network Protocols list box 6 Click to return to the Network dialog box and then click again You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 95 98 installation CD Follow the instructions to install the files 7 Click to restart the PC and complete the TCP IP installation Next configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the CellPipe 22A GX 8 Open the Control Panel window and then click the Network icon 9 Select the network component labeled TCP IP and then click
33. configured with RIP Your ISP requests that you run RIP for communication with devices on their network Chapter 11 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 88 Configuring the device s interfaces with RIP The following instructions describe how to enable RIP on the CellPipe 22A GX Note In order for the CellPipe 22A GX to communicate with other devices using RIP you must also enable the other devices to use the protocol See the product documentation for those devices 1 Log into the Configuration Manager click the Services tab and then click RIP in the task bar The RIP Configuration page displays as shown in Figure 37 Figure 37 RIP Configuration Page The page contains radio buttons for enabling or disabling the RIP feature and a table listing interfaces on which the protocol is currently running The first time you open this page the table may be empty 2 If necessary change the Age and Update Time These are global settings for all interfaces that use RIP Age is the amount of time in seconds that the device s RIP table will retain each route that it learns from adjacent computers Update Time specifies how frequently the CellPipe 22A GX will send out its routing table its neighbors 3 In the IFName column select the name of the interface on which you want to enable RIP For communication with RIP enabled devices on your LAN select e
34. device s IP Addresses To view the CellPipe 22A GX device s IP addresses click the Routing tab and then click IP Addr in the task bar The IP Address Table page displays as shown in Figure 14 Figure 14 IP Address Table Page The table lists the IP addresses network masks Net Mask and interface names IF Name for each of its IP enabled interfaces The listed IP addresses may include The IP address of the device s LAN Ethernet port called eth 0 See Chapter 5 for instructions on configuring this address The IP address of the device s USB port named usb 0 See Chapter 5 for instructions on configuring this address The IP address of the WAN ADSL line interface which your ISP and other external devices use to identify your network It may be identified in the Configuration Manager by the names ppp 0 eoa 0 or ipoa 0 depending on the protocol your device uses to communicate with your ISP Your ISP may assign the same address each time or it may change each time you reconnect The loopback IP address named lo 0 of 127 0 0 1 This special address enables the device to keep any data addressed directly to it rather than route the data through the WAN or LAN ports If your device has additional IP enabled interfaces the IP addresses of these will also display Chapter 6 Viewing System IP Addresses and IP Performance Statistics CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 50 View
35. device between your LAN and your ISP Bridges are devices that enable two or more networks to communicate as if they are two segments of the same physical LAN This chapter describes how to configure the CellPipe 22A GX to operate as a bridge Note Before changing your bridge configuration check with your ISP to determine the type of connection they use to exchange data with their customer s DSL modems such as Ethernet bridging or IP routing Overview of Bridges A bridge is a device used to connect two or more networks so they can exchange data A bridge learns the unique manufacturer assigned hardware IDs of each computer or device on both or all networks it is attached to It learns that some of the IDs represent computers attached via one of the device s interfaces and others represent computers connected via other interfaces For example the hardware IDs of your home computers are attached via the Ethernet port and the hardware IDs of your ISP s computers are attached via the WAN DSL port It stores the ID list and the interface associated with each ID in its bridge forwarding table When the bridge receives a data packet it compares its destination hardware ID to the entries in the bridge forwarding table When the packet s ID matches one of the entries it forwards the packet through the interface that connects to the corresponding network Note that the bridge does not send the data directly to the receiving computer b
36. global IP filter settings Security Level This setting determines which IP filter rules take effect based on the security level specified in each rule For example when High is selected only those rules that are assigned a security value of High will be in effect The same is true for the Medium and Low settings When None is selected IP filtering is disabled Private Public DMZ Default Action This setting specifies a default action to be taken Accept or Deny on private public or DMZ type device interfaces when they receive packets that do not match any of the filtering rules You can specify a different default action for each interface type You specify an interface s type when you create the interface see the PPP configuration page for example A public interface typically connects to the Internet PPP EoA and IPoA interfaces are typically public Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictive set of firewall protections defined in the software Typically the global setting for public interfaces is Deny so that all accesses to your LAN initiated from external computers are denied discarded at the public interface except for those allowed by a specific IP filter rule A private interface connects to your LAN such as the Ethernet interface Packets received on a private interface are subject to a less restrictive set of protections because they originate within the network Typ
37. if known as shown in Figure 68 Figure 68 Using the nslookup Utility There may be several addresses associated with an Internet name This is common for web sites that receive heavy traffic they use multiple redundant servers to carry the same information To exit from the nslookup utility type exit and press lt Enter gt at the command prompt 155 D Glossary 10BASE T A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 10 Mbps Also known as Category 3 CAT 3 wiring See also data rate Ethernet 100BASE T A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 100 Mbps Also known as Category 5 CAT 5 wiring See also data rate Ethernet ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line The most commonly deployed flavor of DSL for home users The term asymmetrical refers to its unequal data rates for downloading and uploading the download rate is higher than the upload rate The asymmetrical rates benefit home users because they typically download much more data from the Internet than they upload analog Of data having a form is analogous to the data s original waveform The voice component in DSL is an analog signal See also digital ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode A standard for high speed transmission of data text voice and video widely used within the Internet ATM data rates range from 45 Mbps to 2 5 Gbps See also data rate authenticate To ve
38. instructions to do so from your ISP Without an appropriately defined PPP interface you may not be able to connect to your ISP You can recreate the PPP interface with the same name at a later time After modifying or deleting a PPP interface click Then click the Admin tab click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar and click to save your changes to permanent memory 103 14 Configuring EOA Interfaces This chapter describes how to configure an Ethernet over ATM interface on the CellPipe 22A GX if one is needed to communicate with your ISP Overview of EOA The Ethernet over ATM EOA protocol is often referred to as RFC1483 which is the Internet specification that defines it It is commonly used to carry data between local area networks that use the Ethernet protocol and wide area networks that use the ATM protocol Many telecommunications industry networks use the ATM protocol ISPs who provide DSL services often use the EOA protocol for data transfer with their customers DSL modems EOA can be implemented to provide a bridged connection between a DSL modem and the ISP In a bridged connection data is shared between the ISP s network and their customer s as if the networks were on the same physical LAN Bridged connections do not use the IP protocol EOA can also be configured to provide a routed connection with the ISP which uses the IP protocol to exchange data Before creating an EOA interface or modifying the
39. it For example if the LAN and USB ports are assigned addresses 192 168 1 1 and 192 168 1 2 respectively then the PCs attached to either port can be assigned addresses in the range 192 168 1 3 through 192 168 1 255 3 Click If you changed the USB port IP address while working from the USB attached computer then the connection will be terminated If you were using the Ethernet interface a page will display to confirm your change and your connection will remain active 4 If necessary reconfigure your USB PC so that its IP address places it in the same subnet as the new IP address of the USB port See the Quick Start chapter Part 2 Configuring Your Computers for instructions 5 Log into Configuration Manager by typing the new USB port IP address in your Web browser s address location box 6 If the new settings work properly click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 7 Click to save your changes to permanent memory 49 6 Viewing System IP Addresses and IP Performance Statistics The interfaces on the CellPipe 22A GX that communicate with other network and Internet devices are identified by unique Internet protocol IP addresses You can use the Configuration Manager to view the list of IP addresses that your device uses and to view other system and network performance data See Appendix A for a description of IP addresses and masks Viewing the CellPipe 22A GX
40. its default route Can be Enabled or Disabled See Chapter 1 for an explanation of default routes CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 13 Configuring PPP Interfaces 97 Field Description Use DHCP When set to Enable the device will acquire additional IP information from the ISP s DHCP server The PPP connection itself acquires the device s IP address mask DNS address and default gateway address With Use DHCP enabled the device will acquire IP addresses for various other server types WINS SMTP POP3 etc these server types are listed on the DHCP Server Configuration page User DNS When set to Enable the DNS address learned through the PPP connection will be distributed to clients of the device s DHCP server This option is useful only when the CellPipe 22A GX is configured to act as a DHCP Server for your LAN When set to Disable LAN hosts will use the DNS address es preconfigured in the DHCP pool see Configuring DHCP Server on page 53 and in the DNS feature see Chapter 9 Configuring DNS Server Addresses Oper Status Indicates whether the link is currently up or down or if a specific type of data exchange is under way e g password authorization or DHCP Actions You can use these icons to modify delete and view additional details on the PPP interface Chapter 13 Configuring PPP Interfaces CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 98
41. messages that are exchanged across the switches between LANs that are connected by a bridge BPDU packets contain information on ports addresses priorities and costs and are exchanged across bridges to detect and eliminate loops in a network ARP Address Resolution Protocol Computers on a LAN use ARP to learn the hardware addresses i e MAC addresses of other computers when they know only their IP addresses IPV6 Multicast IP Multicasting under IP Protocol version 6 See IP Multicast above 802 1 Q This IEEE specification defines a protocol for virtual LANs on Ethernet networks A virtual LAN is a group of PCs that function as a local area network even though the PCs may not be physically connected They are commonly used to facilitate administration of large networks To block a protocol click the appropriate check box and click After you have verified that the device continues to function as expected click the Admin tab click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar and then click to save your changes to permanent memory 135 19 Viewing DSL Line Information To view configuration parameters and performance statistics for the CellPipe 22A GX device s DSL line log into Configuration Manager and then click the WAN tab The DSL Status page displays by default as shown in Figure 59 Figure 59 DSL Status Page The DSL Status page displays current information on the DSL line performance The page refreshes
42. page displays as shown in Figure 47 Figure 47 EOA Interface Add Page 3 Select one of the predefined interface names from the EOA Interface drop down list 4 From the Interface Sec Type drop down list select the level of IP Firewall to be used on this interface as defined on page 104 5 In the Lower Interface field select the lower level interface name over which this protocol is being configured If you are using the CellPipe 22A GX as a bridge only skip to step 7 6 If you are using the CellPipe 22A GX as a router on your LAN enter the IP address and network mask you want to assign to the interface This address serves as the public IP address for your entire LAN and is usually assigned by your ISP Or if your ISP will assign this information click the Enable radio button to set up the DHCP service Also specify whether this interface should serve as the default route for your LAN for accessing the Internet and enter the default gateway IP address 7 Click A confirmation page display to confirm your changes 8 Click to return to the EOA page and view the new interface in the table CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 14 Configuring EOA Interfaces 107 9 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 10 Click to save your changes to permanent memory 109 15 Configuring IPoA Interfaces This chapter describes how to configure an I
43. service you must have set up your computers to accept IP information dynamically as described in Part 2 of the Quick Start See Chapter 7 for an explanation of the DHCP service NAT Network Address Translation NAPT rule enabled Your computers private IP addresses see DHCP above will be translated to your public IP address whenever they access the Internet See Chapter 1 for a description of the NAT service LAN Port IP Address Static IP address 192 168 1 1 subnet mask 255 255 255 0 This is the IP address of the LAN port on the device The LAN port connects the device to your Ethernet network Typically you will not need to change this address See Chapter 5 for instructions USB Port IP Address Assigned static IP address 192 168 2 1 subnet mask 255 255 255 0 This is the IP address assigned to the USB port on the device if used Typically you will not need to change this address See Chapter 5 for instructions Chapter 3 Quick Start CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 32 Testing Your Setup The Quick Start process should enable any computer on your LAN to use the CellPipe 22A GX s ADSL connection to access the Internet To test the connection turn on the device wait about 30 seconds and then verify that its LEDs are illuminated as shown in Table 2 Table 2 LED Indicators This LED should be PWR Solid green to indicate that the device is turned on If this light
44. shared pool of IP addresses after a specified time limit DHCP returns the address to the pool DHCP relay Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol relay A DHCP relay is a computer that forwards DHCP data between computers that request IP addresses and the DHCP server that assigns the addresses Each of the CellPipe 22A GX device s interfaces can be configured as a DHCP relay See DHCP DHCP server Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server A DHCP server is a computer that is responsible for assigning IP addresses to the computers on a LAN See DHCP digital Of data having a form based on discrete values expressed as binary numbers 0 s and 1 s The data component in DSL is a digital signal See also analog DNS Domain Name System The DNS maps domain names into IP addresses DNS information is distributed hierarchically throughout the Internet among computers called DNS servers When you start to access a web site a DNS server looks up the requested domain name to find its corresponding IP address If the DNS server cannot find the IP address it communicates with higher level DNS servers to determine the IP address See also domain name domain name A domain name is a user friendly name used in place of its associated IP address For example www globespan net is the domain name associated with IP address 209 191 4 240 Domain names must be unique their assignment is controlled by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numb
45. the packet violated an IP filter rule this field will display the ID assigned to the rule Action s Displays an icon you can click on to delete the entry from the list if you want it to be removed prior to its automatic timed expiration 121 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols This chapter describes two Configuration Manager features that enable you to control the data passing through your network The IP filter feature enables you to create rules to block attempts by certain computers on your LAN to access certain types of data or Internet locations You can also block incoming access to computers on your LAN Although IP filter rules provide a very flexible and powerful tool to enhance network security and control user activity they can also be complex and generally require an advanced understanding of IP protocols The blocked protocols feature enables you to simply select from a predefined list the protocol that you want to block All data passed to the CellPipe 22A GX using a blocked protocol will be discarded without consideration of the source computer destination computer or the device interface on which it was received Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 122 Configuring IP Filters When you define an IP filter rule and enable the feature you instruct the CellPipe 22A GX to examine each data packet it receives to dete
46. to your web server Your CellPipe 22A GX receives a packet containing a request for access to your Web server The packet header contains the public address for your LAN as the destination IP address and a destination port number of 80 Because you have set up an RDR rule for incoming packets with destination port 80 the device recognizes the data as a request for Web server access The device changes the packet s destination address to the private IP address of your Web server and forwards the data packet to it Your Web server sends data packets in response Before the CellPipe 22A GX forwards them on to the Internet it changes the source IP address in the data packets from the Web server s private address to your LAN s public address To an external Internet user then it appears as if your Web server uses your public IP address Figure 29 shows the fields used to establish an RDR rule Figure 29 NAT Rule Add Page RDR Flavor Follow these instructions to add an RDR rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 68 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 that follow CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation 71 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select RDR as the Rule Flavor if necessary and enter a Rule ID 2 Select the interface on which this rule will be effective 3 Select a protocol to which this rule applies or choose ALL
47. translated Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 68 Adding NAT Rules This section explains how to create rules for each NAT flavor Note You cannot edit existing NAT rules To change a rule setup delete it and add a new rule with the modified settings The NAPT rule Translating between private and public IP addresses Follow these instructions to create a rule for translating the private IP addresses on your LAN to your public IP address This type of rule uses the NAT flavor NAPT which was used in your default configuration The NAPT flavor translates private source IP addresses to a single public IP address The NAPT rule also translates the source port numbers to port numbers that are defined on the NAT Global Configuration page see page 63 The Introduction to NAT on page 61 describes how the NAPT rule works 1 Click the NAT tab and then select NAT Rule Entry from the NAT Options drop down list The NAT Rule entry page displays a row for each currently configured NAT rule 2 Click to display the NAT Rule Add page 3 From the Rule Flavor drop down list select NAPT The page redisplays with only those fields that are appropriate for the NAPT rule flavor as shown in Figure 28 Figure 28 NAT Rule Add Page NAPT Flavor CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation 69 4
48. twisted pair The ordinary copper telephone wiring long used by telephone companies It contains one or more wire pairs twisted together to reduce inductance and noise Each telephone line uses one pair In homes it is most often installed with two pairs For Ethernet LANs a higher grade called Category 3 CAT 3 is used for 10BASE T networks and an even higher grade called Category CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Appendix D Glossary 161 5 CAT 5 is used for 100BASE T networks See also 10BASE T 100BASE T Ethernet upstream The direction of data transmission from the user to the Internet USB Universal Serial Bus A serial interface that lets you connect devices such as printers scanners etc to your computer by simply plugging them in The CellPipe 22A GX is equipped with a USB interface for connecting to a stand alone PC VC Virtual Circuit A connection from your ADSL router to your ISP VCI Virtual Circuit Identifier Together with the Virtual Path Identifier VPI the VCI uniquely identifies a VC Your ISP will tell you the VCI for each VC they provide See also VC VPI Virtual Path Identifier Together with the Virtual Circuit Identifier VCI the VPI uniquely identifies a VC Your ISP will tell you the VPI for each VC they provide See also VC WAN Wide Area Network Any network spread over a large geographical area such as a country or continent With respect to the CellPipe 22A GX WAN r
49. 3 Accessing the Configuration Manager 33 Functional Layout 35 Commonly used buttons 35 The Home Page and System View Table 36 Changing System Information 38 Changing System Information 38 Changing Your Login Password 39 Committing Your Changes and Rebooting the Device 40 Committing your changes 40 Rebooting the device using Configuration Manager 41 5 Configuring the LAN and USB Ports 43 Connecting via Ethernet and or USB 43 Configuring the LAN Port IP Address 44 Configuring the USB Port IP Address 47 6 Viewing System IP Addresses and IP Performance Statistics 49 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 7 Viewing the CellPipe 22A GX device s IP Addresses 49 Viewing IP Performance Statistics
50. 6 Adding NAT Rules 68 The NAPT rule Translating between private and public IP addresses 68 The RDR rule Allowing external access to a LAN computer 70 The Basic rule Performing 1 1 translations 72 The Filter rule Configuring a BASIC rule with additional criteria 73 The Bimap rule Performing two way translations 75 The Pass rule Allowing specific addresses to pass through untranslated 76 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 8 9 Configuring DNS Server Addresses 77 About DNS 77 Assigning DNS Addresses 77 Configuring DNS Relay 78 10 Configuring IP Routes 81 Overview of IP Routes 81 IP routing versus telephone switching 81 Hops and gateways 82 Using IP routes to define default gateways 82 Do
51. Action to Accept 8 Click and commit your changes Figure 54 on page 124 shows the configuration for this rule The specified computer will not be able to access the Web but will be able to access FTP Internet sites and any others that use destination port numbers other than 80 Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 130 Example 2 Blocking Telnet accesses to the CellPipe 22A GX 1 Add a new rule for packets incoming on the ppp 0 interface 2 Specify that the packet must contain the TCP protocol and must be destined for port 23 the well known port number used for the Telnet protocol 3 Enable the rule by clicking the radio button at the top of the page 4 Click to create the rule and commit your changes Figure 55 shows how this rule could be configured Figure 55 IP Filter Rule Example 2 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols 131 Viewing IP filter statistics For each rule you can view statistics on how many packets were accepted or denied Display the IP Filter Configuration page and then click in the row corresponding to the rule The IP Filter Rule Statistics page displays as shown in Figure 56 Figure 56 IP Filter Rule Statistics Page You can click to reset the count to zero and to display newly accumulated data Managing current IP f
52. CellPipe 22A GX functions as a DHCP server for your LAN it keeps a record of any addresses currently leased to your computers To view a table of all current IP address assignments display the DHCP Server Configuration page and then click A page displays similar to that shown in Figure 19 Figure 19 DHCP Server Address Table Page The DHCP Server Address Table lists any IP addresses that are currently leased to LAN devices For each leased address the table lists the following information Field Description IP Address The address that has been leased from the pool Netmask The network mask associated with the leased address This identifies the network ID and host ID portions of the address see Appendix A for an explanation of these terms Mac Address The unique hardware ID of the computer to which the IP address has been assigned Pool Start The lower boundary of the address pool shown here to identify the pool from which the leased address was assigned Address Type Can be Static or Dynamic Static indicates that the IP number has been assigned permanently to the specific hardware device Dynamic indicates that the number has been leased temporarily for a specified length of time Time Remaining The amount of time left for the device to use the assigned address The default lease time is 30 days 31536000 seconds CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host
53. I need to define IP routes 82 Viewing the IP Routing Table 83 Adding IP Routes 85 11 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol 87 RIP Overview 87 When should you configure RIP 87 Configuring the device s interfaces with RIP 88 Viewing RIP Statistics 90 12 Configuring the ATM Virtual Circuit 91 Viewing Your ATM VC 91 Adding ATM VCs 92 Modifying ATM VCs 94 13 Configuring PPP Interfaces 95 Viewing Your Current PPP Configuration 95 Viewing PPP Interface Details 98 Adding a PPP Interface Definition 100 Modifying and Deleting PPP Interfaces 101 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 9 14 Configuring EOA Interfaces 103 Overview of EOA
54. L Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 3 Quick Start 27 Part 2 Configuring IP properties on the USB PC Now that the USB driver installation is complete you must configure the USB PC so that its IP properties place it on the same subnet as the CellPipe 22A GX s USB port There are two ways to do this The CellPipe 22A GX is configured to assign an appropriate IP address to the USB PC If you want to use this automatic assignment feature called DHCP server you must configure the USB PC to accept dynamically assigned IP information Follow the instruction on pages 17 through 21 that correspond to the operating system installed on the PC If you want to assign a static IP address to the PC follow the instructions on page 22 and use the following information In the Network and Dial up Connections window be sure to select the icon that corresponds to your new USB connection not the one that corresponds to your Ethernet NIC When you display the properties for the icon the following text should display in the Connect Using text box Lucent USB IAD LAN Modem n The USB port on the CellPipe 22A GX is preconfigured with these properties USB port IP address 192 168 2 1 USB port subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Therefore your PC must be configured as follows IP address 192 168 1 n where n is a number from 2 to 254 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Default gateway 192 168 2 1 Chapter 3 Quick Start CellP
55. Net Mask fields which are required and any others as needed Field Description Start End IP Addresses Specify the lowest and highest addresses in the pool up to a maximum range of 254 addresses For example if the LAN port is assigned IP address 192 168 1 1 then you could create a pool with address range 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 254 for distribution to your LAN computers Mac Address A MAC address is a manufacturer assigned hardware ID that is unique for each device on a network Use this field only if you want to assign a specific IP address to the computer that uses this MAC address If you type a MAC address here you must have specified the same IP address in both the Start IP Address and End IP Address fields Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 56 Field Description Net Mask Specifies which portion of each IP address in this range refers to the network and which portion refers to the host computer For a description of network masks and LAN network masks see Appendix A You can use the network mask to distinguish which pool of addresses should be distributed to a particular subnet as explained on page 53 Domain Name A user friendly name that refers to the subnet that includes the addresses in this pool This is used for reference only Gateway Address The address of the default gateway for computers that receive IP addresse
56. Northern Telecom National ISDN 1 Whether you are routing or bridging with your Lucent product Type of computer you are using Description of the problem Obtaining assistance through email or the Internet If your services agreement allows you can communicate directly with a technical engineer through Email Technical Support or a Live Chat Select one of these sites when you log in to http www lucent com support Calling the technical assistance center TAC If you cannot find an answer through the tools and information of Lucent OnLine Customer Support or if you have a very urgent need contact TAC Access Lucent OnLine Customer Support at http www lucent com support and click Contact Us for a list of telephone numbers inside and outside the United States Alternatively call 1 866 LUCENT8 1 866 582 3688 from any location in North America for a menu of Lucent services Or call 1 510 769 6001 for an operator If you do not have an active services agreement or contract you will be charged for time and materials CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 4 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 5 Table of Contents Customer Service 3 Finding information and software 3 Obtaining technical assistance 3 Obtaining assistance through email or the Internet
57. PoA Internet Protocol over ATM interface on the CellPipe 22A GX An IPoA interface can be used to exchange IP packets over the ATM network without using an underlying Ethernet over ATM EOA connection Typically this type of interface is used only in product development and test environments to eliminate unneeded variables when evaluating IP layer processing Viewing Your IPoA Interface Setup To configure an IPoA interface log into Configuration Manager click the WAN tab and then click IPoA in the task bar The IPoA page displays as shown in Figure 48 Figure 48 IPoA Configuration Page The IPoA table contains a row for each EOA interface currently defined on the device The table may initially contain no entries Chapter 15 Configuring IPoA Interfaces CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 110 The following table describes the fields on this page Field Description Interface The name the software uses to identify the IPoA interface Interface Sec Type The type of security protections in effect on the interface public private or DMZ o A public interface connects to the Internet IPoA interfaces are typically public Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictive set of firewall protections defined in the software o A private interface connects to your LAN such as the Ethernet interface Packets received on a private interface are subject to a less restrictive
58. RIP protocol Select RIP1 if you have devices that communicate with this interface that understand RIP version 1 only RIP version 2 is the preferred selection because it supports classless IP addresses which are used to create subnets and other features Select RIP2 if all other routing devices on the autonomous network support this version of the protocol 6 Click The new RIP entry will display in the table 7 Click the Enable radio button to enable the RIP feature Note If you disable the RIP feature the interface settings you have configured will remain available for future activation 8 When you are finished defining RIP interfaces click A page displays to confirm your changes 9 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 10 Click to save your changes to permanent memory Note You can delete an existing RIP entry by clicking in the Action column Chapter 11 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 90 Viewing RIP Statistics From the RIP Configuration page you can click to view statistics on attempts to send and receive route table data over RIP enabled interfaces on the CellPipe 22A GX Figure 38 RIP Global Statistics Page You can click to reset all statistics to zero and to display any newly accumulated data 91 12 Configuring the ATM Virtual Circuit As your LAN computers a
59. Router User Manual 116 4 Click A page will briefly display to confirm your changes and will return you to the Bridge Configuration page 5 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 6 Click to save your changes to permanent memory Deleting a Bridge Interface To make an interface non bridgeable display the Bridge Configuration page and click next to the interface you want to delete Click to confirm the deletion The interface remains defined in the system but is no longer capable of performing bridging 117 17 Configuring Firewall Settings Configuration Manager provides built in firewall functions enabling you to protect the system against denial of service DoS attacks and other types of malicious accesses to your LAN You can also specify how to monitor attempted attacks and who should be automatically notified Configuring Global Firewall Settings Follow these instructions to configure global firewall settings 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Services tab and then click Firewall in the task bar The Firewall Configuration page displays as shown in Figure 51 Figure 51 Firewall Configuration Page Chapter 17 Configuring Firewall Settings CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 118 2 Configure any of the following settings that display in the Firewall Global Information table Field Description Black List Status If you wan
60. Statistics page 64 NAT Rule Statistics page 65 NAT Rule Add page BASIC 72 Index CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 166 NAT Rule Add page Bimap 75 NAT Rule Add page Filter 73 NAT Rule Add page NAPT 68 NAT Rule Add page Pass 76 NAT Rule Add page RDR 70 NAT Translation Details page 67 NAT Translations page 66 Navigating 35 Netmask See Network mask Network See LAN Network Address Translation See NAT Network classes 146 Network ID 145 Network interface card 11 Network mask 158 in DHCP address table 58 Network mask 146 NIC 158 Node on network defined 44 Notational conventions 12 nslookup 154 Packet 158 Packets filtering 122 Pages Alarm 140 ATM VC Add 92 94 ATM VC Configuration 91 Blocked Protocols 133 Bridge Configuration 115 Commit amp Reboot 40 DHCP Address Table 58 DHCP Configuration 53 60 DHCP Relay Configuration 59 DHCP Server Pool Add 55 DNS Configuration 79 DSL Interval Statistics 137 DSL Parameters 136 DSL Statistics 136 DSL Status 135 EOA 104 EOA Interface Add 106 Firewall Blacklisted Hosts 120 Firewall Configuration 117 Home System View 36 Image Upgrade 141 IP Address Table 49 IP Filter Configuration 122 IP Filter Rule Add 124 IP Filter Rule Statistics 131 IP Filter Sessions 131 IP Global Sta
61. TM data path for communication between your CellPipe 22A GX and your ISP Max Proto per AAL5 If you are using an AAL5 type of interface this setting indicates the number of higher level interfaces that the VC can support the higher level interfaces can be PPP EoA or IPoA interfaces Contact your ISP to determine which connection protocol s they require Actions Displays icons you can click on to modify see page 94 and delete the associated interface You cannot delete an ATM interface if another protocol such as PPP EoA or IPoA has been defined to operate over the ATM interface Delete the higher level interface first and then delete the ATM interface Adding ATM VCs You may need to create a VC if none has been predefined on your system or if you use multiple services with your ISP Each service may require its own VC Follow these instructions to add a VC 1 From the ATM VC Configuration page click The ATM VC Add page displays as shown in Figure 40 Figure 40 ATM VC Add Page CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 12 Configuring the ATM Virtual Circuit 93 2 Select an interface name from the VC Interface drop down list 3 Enter the VPI and VCI values assigned by your ISP and select the mux type from the drop down list 4 In the Max Proto per AAL5 text box enter the number of protocols that the ISP indicated that you will need to configure usually only on
62. a rule To view data on how often a specific NAT rule has been used click in the Action s column A page displays similar to the one shown in Figure 25 Figure 25 NAT Rule Statistics Page The statistics show how many times this rule has been invoked and how many currently active sessions are using this rule You can click to reset the statistics to zeros and to display newly accumulated data Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 66 Viewing Current NAT Translations To view a list of NAT translations that have recently been performed and which remain in effect for any of the defined rules select NAT Translations from the NAT Options drop down list The NAT Translations page displays as shown in Figure 26 Figure 26 NAT Translations Page For each current NAT translation session the table contains the following fields Field Description Trans Index The sequential number assigned to the IP session used by this NAT translation session Rule ID The ID of the NAT rule invoked Interface The device interface on which the NAT rule was invoked from the rule definition Protocol The IP protocol used by the data packets that are undergoing translations from the rule definition Example TCP UDP ICMP Alg Type The Application Level Gateway ALG if any that was used to enable this NAT translation ALGs are special settings that certain ap
63. according to the setting in the Refresh drop down list which you can configure In the DSL Status table the Operational Status setting displays a red orange or green ball to indicate that the DSL line is idle starting up or up and running respectively You can click to end the DSL connection To restart the connection you can click Although you generally will not need to view the remaining data it may be helpful when troubleshooting connection or performance problems with your ISP You can click to reset all counters to zero and to redisplay the page with newly accumulated values You can click to display data about the configuration of the DSL line as shown in Figure 60 Chapter 19 Viewing DSL Line Information CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 136 Figure 60 DSL Parameters Page The DSL Parameters and Status table displays settings preconfigured by the product manufacturer or your ISP The Config Data table lists various types of error and defects measurements found on the DSL line You cannot modify this data From the DSL Status page you can click to display DSL line performance statistics as shown in Figure 61 Figure 61 DSL Statistics Page CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 19 Viewing DSL Line Information 137 The DSL Statistics page reports error data relating to the last 15 minute interval the current day and the previous day At the bo
64. ally RIP is used to enable communication on autonomous networks An autonomous network is one in which all of the computers are administered by the same entity An autonomous network may be a single network or a grouping of several networks under the same administration An example of an autonomous network is a corporate LAN including devices that can access it from remote locations such as the computers telecommuters use Using RIP each device sends its routing table to its closest neighbor every 30 seconds The neighboring device in turn passes the information on to its next neighbor and so on until all devices in the autonomous network have the same set of routes When should you configure RIP Most small home or office networks do not need to use RIP they have only one router such as the CellPipe 22A GX and one path to an ISP In these cases there is no need to share routes because all Internet data from the network is sent to the same ISP gateway You may want to configure RIP if any of the following circumstances apply to your network Your home network setup includes an additional router or RIP enabled PC other than the CellPipe 22A GX The CellPipe 22A GX and the router will need to communicate via RIP to share their routing tables Your network connects via the ADSL line to a remote network such as a corporate network In order for your LAN to learn the routes used within your corporate network they should both be
65. ave special circumstances that require changing the HTTP or Telnet port numbers contact them before making any changes here Chapter 20 Administrative Tasks CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 144 Follow these steps to modify port settings 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Port Settings in the task bar The Port Settings page is shown in Figure 66 Figure 66 Port Settings Page 2 Type the new port number s in the appropriate text box es and click For the HTTP server the default port number is 80 for the Telnet server the default is port number is 23 You can enter a non standard port number for either server type in the range 61000 62000 3 Click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar and click to save your changes to permanent memory 4 On the Commit amp Reboot page click Note that the new settings will not be effective until you reboot the system 145 A IP Addresses Network Masks and Subnets IP Addresses Note This section pertains only to IP addresses for IPv4 version 4 of the Internet Protocol IPv6 addresses are not covered This section assumes basic knowledge of binary numbers bits and bytes For details on this subject see Appendix A IP addresses the Internet s version of telephone numbers are used to identify individual nodes computers or devices on the Internet Every IP address contains four numbers each f
66. ays each time you log into the program shown in Figure 9 on page 35 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager 35 Functional Layout Configuration Manager tasks are grouped into categories which you can access by clicking the tabs at the top of each page Each tab displays the available tasks in a horizontal menu at the top of the page You can click on these menu items to display the specific configuration options A separate page displays for each task in the task bar The left most task displays by default when you click on a new tab The same task may appear in more than one tab when appropriate For example the Lan Config task displays in both the LAN tab and the Routing tab Commonly used buttons The following buttons are used throughout the application Button Function Stores in temporary system memory any changes you have made on the current page See Committing your changes on page 40 for instructions on storing changes permanently Redisplays the current page with updated statistics or settings On pages that display accumulated statistics this button resets the statistics to their initial values Launches the online help for the current topic in a separate browser window Help is available from any main topic page Tab Task bar Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Rout
67. bers include 20 21 FTP file transfer protocol server 25 SMTP simple mail transfer protocol server 80 HTTP World Wide Web server Specify both a destination address or range and a destination port or range if you want this translation rule to apply to accesses to the specified server type at the specified IP address or network 7 Follow steps 8 12 under The NAPT rule on page 68 to submit your changes The Bimap rule Performing two way translations Unlike the other NAT flavors the Bimap flavor performs address translations in both the outgoing and incoming directions In the incoming direction when the specified CellPipe 22A GX interface receives a packet with your public IP address as the destination address this address is translated to the private IP address of a computer on your LAN To the external computer it appears as if the access is being made to the public IP address when in fact it is communicating with a LAN computer In the outgoing direction the private source IP address in a data packet is translated to the LAN s public IP address To the rest of the Internet it appears as if the data packet originated from the public IP address Bimap rules can be used to provide external access to a LAN device They do not provide the same level of security as RDR rules because RDR rules also reroute incoming packets based on the port ID Bimap rules do not account for the port number and therefore al
68. ble for the violation the destination IP address the protocol being used the source and destination ports and the number violations occurring in the previous x minutes Logging may be helpful when troubleshooting This information can also be e mailed to designated administrators See Chapter 17 Configuring Firewall Settings for instructions Security Level The security level that must be enabled globally for this rule to take affect A rule will be active only if its security level is the same as the globally configured setting shown on the main IP Filter page For example if the rule is set to Medium and the global firewall level is set to Medium then the rule will be active but if the global firewall level is set to High or Low then the rule will be inactive Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 126 Field Description Black List Status Specifies whether or not a violation of this rule will result in the offending computer s IP address being added to the Black List which blocks the CellPipe 22A GX from forwarding packets from that source for a specified period of time See Chapter 17 Configuring Firewall Settings for instructions Log Tag A description of up to 16 characters to be recorded in the log in the event that a packet violates this rule Be sure to set the Log Option to Enable if you configure a Log Tag Start End Time
69. cation Each packet contains header information that identifies the IP address of the computer that initiates the communication the source IP address the port number that the router associates with that computer the source port number the IP address of the targeted Internet computer the destination IP address and other information When this type of NAT rule is applied because the source IP address is swapped out it appears to other Internet computers as if the data packets are actually originating from the computer assigned your public IP address in this case the CellPipe 22A GX Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 62 The NAT rule could further be defined to disguise the source port in the data packet i e change it to another number so that outside computers will not be able to determine the actual port from which the packet originated Data packets that arrive in response contain the public IP address as the destination IP address and the disguised source port number The CellPipe 22A GX changes the IP address and source port number back to the original values having kept track of the changes it made earlier and then routes the packet to the originating computer NAT rules such as these provide several benefits They eliminate the need for purchasing multiple public IP addresses for computers on your LAN You can make up your own private IP addr
70. ccess the Internet via the CellPipe 22A GX data is exchanged with your ISP through a complex network of telephone switches Internet routers servers and other specialized hardware These various devices communicate using a common language or protocol called Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM On the Wide Area Network WAN that connects you to your ISP the ATM protocol performs functions like those that the Ethernet protocol performs on your LAN This chapter describes how to configure the ATM virtual circuit VC The VC properties define the path the CellPipe 22A GX uses to communicate with your ISP over the ATM network Viewing Your ATM VC To view your current configuration log into Configuration Manager click the WAN tab and then click ATM VC in the task bar The ATM VC Configuration page displays as shown in Figure 39 Figure 39 ATM VC Configuration Page Chapter 12 Configuring the ATM Virtual Circuit CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 92 The ATM VC Configuration table displays the following fields contact your ISP to determine these settings Field Description Interface The name of the lower level interface on which this VC operates The low level interface names are preconfigured in the software and identify the type of traffic that can be supported such as data or voice Internet data services typically use an AAL5 type interface Vpi Vci and Mux Type These settings identify a unique A
71. ch selects some of the computers of the network and excludes all others The subnet s computers remain physically connected to the rest of the parent network but they are treated as though they were on a separate network See also network mask subnet mask A mask that defines a subnet See also network mask TCP See TCP IP TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol The basic protocols used on the Internet TCP is responsible for dividing data up into packets for delivery and reassembling them at the destination while IP is responsible for delivering the packets from source to destination When TCP and IP are bundled with higher level applications such as HTTP FTP Telnet etc TCP IP refers to this whole suite of protocols Telnet An interactive character based program used to access a remote computer While HTTP the web protocol and FTP only allow you to download files from a remote computer Telnet allows you to log into and use a computer from a remote location TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol A protocol for file transfers TFTP is easier to use than File Transfer Protocol FTP but not as capable or secure TTL Time To Live A field in an IP packet that limits the life span of that packet Originally meant as a time duration the TTL is usually represented instead as a maximum hop count each router that receives a packet decrements this field by one When the TTL reaches zero the packet is discarded
72. cific content from the others Multicasting to an IGMP group can be used to simultaneously update the address books of a group of mobile computer users or to send company newsletters to a distribution list in line filter See microfilter Internet The global collection of interconnected networks used for both private and business communications intranet A private company internal network that looks like part of the Internet users access information using web browsers but is accessible only by employees IP See TCP IP IP address Internet Protocol address The address of a host computer on the Internet consisting of four numbers each from 0 to 255 separated by periods e g 209 191 4 240 An IP address consists of a network ID that identifies the particular network the host belongs to and a host ID uniquely identifying the host itself on that network A network mask is used to define the network ID and the host ID Because IP addresses are difficult to remember they usually have an associated domain name that can be specified instead See also domain name network mask Appendix D Glossary CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 158 ISP Internet Service Provider A company that provides Internet access to its customers usually for a fee LAN Local Area Network A network limited to a small geographic area such as a home office or small building LED Light Emitting Diode An electronic light emi
73. cted your PC of LAN via Ethernet to the CellPipe 22A GX follow the instructions that correspond to the operating system installed on your PC Windows XP PCs 1 In the Windows task bar click the Start button and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network Connections icon 3 In the LAN or High Speed Internet window right click on the icon corresponding to your network interface card NIC and select Properties Often this icon is labeled Local Area Connection The Local Area Connection dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network items 4 Ensure that the check box to the left of the item labeled Internet Protocol TCP IP is checked and click 5 In the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialog box click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically Also click the radio button labeled Obtain DNS server address automatically 6 Click twice to confirm your changes and close the Control Panel Chapter 3 Quick Start CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 18 Windows 2000 PCs First check for the IP protocol and if necessary install it 1 In the Windows task bar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network and Dial up Connections icon 3 In the Network and Dial up Connections window right click the Local Area Connection icon and then select Properties The Local Area Connection Pro
74. cts to the network such as the CellPipe 22A GX device s LAN port and the network interface cards on your PCs See Appendix A for an explanation of subnets You can change the default to reflect the set of IP addresses that you want to use with your network If your network uses a DHCP server other than the CellPipe 22A GX to assign IP addresses you can configure the device to accept and use a LAN IP address assigned by that server Similarly if your ISP performs DHCP serving for your network you can configure the device to accept an IP address assigned from the ISP s server In this mode the CellPipe 22A GX is considered a DHCP client of your or your ISP s DHCP server Note The CellPipe 22A GX itself can function as a DHCP server for your LAN computers as described in Chapter 7 but not for its own LAN port Follow these steps to change the default LAN IP address or to configure the LAN port as a DHCP client 1 Log into Configuration Manager and then click the LAN tab The LAN Configuration page displays as shown in Figure 13 Figure 13 LAN Configuration Page CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 5 Configuring the LAN and USB Ports 45 The LAN Configuration table displays the following settings Setting Description System Mode The preconfigured mode for your device such as Routing mode Bridging mode or both modes simultaneously This setting is not user configurable Ge
75. ddress 81 10 Configuring IP Routes You can use Configuration Manager to define specific routes for your Internet and network data This chapter describes basic routing concepts and provides instructions for creating routes Note that most users do not need to define IP routes Overview of IP Routes The essential challenge of a router is when it receives data intended for a particular destination which next device should it send that data to When you define IP routes you provide the rules that a computer uses to make these decisions IP routing versus telephone switching IP routing decisions are similar to those made by switchboards that handle telephone calls When you dial a long distance telephone number you are first connected to a switchboard operated by your local phone service carrier All calls you initiate go first to this main switchboard If the phone number you dialed is outside your calling area the switchboard opens a connection to a higher level switchboard for long distance calls That switchboard looks at the area code you dialed and connects you with another switchboard that serves that area This new switchboard in turn may look at the prefix in the number you dialed the middle set of three numbers and connect to a more localized switchboard that handles numbers with that prefix This final switchboard can then look at the last four digits of the phone number to open a connection with the person or c
76. default configuration on your device Overview of NAT Network Address Translation is a method for disguising the private IP addresses you use on your LAN as the public IP address you use on the Internet You define NAT rules that specify exactly how and when to translate between public and private IP addresses Definitions A private IP address is created by a network administrator for use only on a LAN whereas a public IP address is purchased from the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICANN for use on the Internet Typically your ISP provides a public IP address for your entire LAN and you define the private addresses for computers on your LAN In a typical NAT setup your ISP provides you with a single public IP address to use for your entire network Then you assign each computer on your LAN a unique private IP address Or you define a pool of private IP addresses for dynamic assignment to your computers as described in Chapter 7 On the CellPipe 22A GX you set up a NAT rule to specify that whenever one of your computers communicates with the Internet that is it sends and receives IP data packets its private IP address which is referenced in each packet will be replaced by the LAN s public IP address Definitions An IP data packet contains bits of data bundled together in a specific format for efficient transmission over the Internet Such packets are the building blocks of all Internet communi
77. default settings contact your ISP to determine which type of protocol they use Note PPP vs EOA Your ISP may use a protocol other than EOA for communication with the CellPipe 22A GX such as the point to point protocol PPP One type of PPP named PPP over Ethernet PPPoE actually works on top of the EOA protocol The other type PPP over ATM PPPoA does not However if your ISP uses either type of PPP you do not need to separately create an EOA interface See Chapter 1 for instructions on creating or configuring a PPP interface Chapter 14 Configuring EOA Interfaces CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 104 Viewing Your EOA Setup To view your current EOA configuration log into Configuration Manager click Advanced in the task bar and then click EOA Figure 46 shows the EOA Configuration page Figure 46 EOA Configuration Page The EOA table contains a row for each EOA interface currently defined on the device The table may contain no entries if your ISP does not use the EOA protocol The following table describes the fields on this page Field Description Interface The name the software uses to identify the EOA interface Interface Sec Type The type of security protections in effect on the interface public private or DMZ o A public interface connects to the Internet IPoA interfaces are typically public Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictiv
78. e 5 Click 6 When the confirmation page displays click to return to the ATM VC Configuration page The new interface should now display in the ATM VC Configuration table You may need to create a new WAN interface or modify an existing interface so that it uses the new VC See the instructions for configuring a PPP interface Chapter 13 an EoA interface Chapter 14 or an IpoA interface Chapter 15 depending on the type you use to communicate with your ISP You can verify that the new settings work by attempting to access the Internet from a LAN USB computer Contact your ISP for troubleshooting assistance 7 When you have verified that the new settings work properly click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 8 Click to save your changes to permanent memory Chapter 12 Configuring the ATM Virtual Circuit CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 94 Modifying ATM VCs Your device may already be preconfigured with the necessary ATM VC properties or the table may contain placeholder values that you must change before using the device Contact your ISP to determine your ATM VC values Follow these instructions to modify a preconfigured VC 1 From the ATM VC Configuration page click in the Actions column for the interface you want to modify The ATM VC Interface Modify page displays as shown in Figure 41 Figure 41 ATM VC Interface Modify Page 2
79. e 12 Commit amp Reboot Page 2 Click Disregard the selection in the Reboot Mode drop down list it does not affect the commit process The changes are saved to permanent storage The previous settings are copied to backup storage so that they can be recalled if your new settings do not work properly see the rebooting instructions on page 41 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager 41 Rebooting the device using Configuration Manager To reboot the device display the Commit amp Reboot page select the appropriate reboot mode from the drop down menu and then click You can select from the following three options when rebooting Option Description Reboot from Last Configuration Reboots the device using the current settings in permanent memory including any changes you just committed Reboot from Backup Configuration Reboots the device using settings stored in backup memory These are the settings that were in effect before you committed new settings in the current session Reboot from Default Configuration Reboots the device to default settings provided by your ISP or the manufacturer Choosing this option erases any custom settings WARNING Do not reboot the device using the Reset button on the back panel of the CellPipe 22A GX to activate new changes This button resets the device settings to the manufacturer s default values
80. e 31 shows the fields used to establish a Filter rule Figure 31 NAT Rule Add Page Filter Flavor Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 74 Follow these instructions to add a Filter rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 68 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select FILTER as the Rule Flavor and enter a Rule ID 2 Select the interface on which this rule will be effective 3 Select a protocol to which this rule applies or choose ALL This selection specifies which type of Internet communication will be subject to this translation rule You can select ALL if the rule applies to all data Or select TCP UDP ICMP or a number from 1 255 that represents the IANA specified protocol number 4 In the Local Address From and Local Address To fields type the starting and ending IP addresses that identify the range of private address you want to be translated Or type the same address in both fields If you specify a range each address will be translated in sequence to a corresponding address in a range of global addresses which you specify in step 5 The address or range of addresses should correspond to a private addresses or addresses already in use on your network These may be assigned statically to your PCs or assigned dynamically using DHCP as discussed in t
81. e is complete TCP connections in the half open state can use up the available IP sessions If the percentage is exceeded then the half open sessions will be closed and replaced with new sessions as they are initiated Max ICMP Connection Sets the percentage of concurrent IP sessions that can be used for ICMP messages If the percentage is exceeded then older ICMP IP sessions will be replaced by new sessions as the are initiated Max Single Host Connection Sets the percentage of concurrent IP session that can originate from a single computer This percentage should take into account the number of hosts on the LAN CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 17 Configuring Firewall Settings 119 Field Description Log Destination Specifies how attempted violations of the firewall settings will be tracked Records of such events can be sent via Ethernet to be handled by a system utility Ethernet to Trace or can e mailed to specified administrators E mail ID of Admin 1 2 3 Specifies the e mail addresses of the administrators who should receive notices of any attempted firewall violations Type the addresses in standard internet e mail address format e g jxsmith onecompany com The e mail message will contain the time of the violation the source address of the computer responsible for the violation the destination IP address the protocol being used the source and destination ports and the number vio
82. e set of firewall protections defined in the software o A private interface connects to your LAN such as the Ethernet interface Packets received on a private interface are subject to a less restrictive set of protections because they originate within the network o The term DMZ de militarized zone in Internet networking terms refers to computers that are available for both public and in network accesses such as a company s public Web server Packets incoming on a DMZ interface whether from a LAN or external source are subject to a level of protection that is in between those for public and private interfaces Lower interface EOA interfaces are defined in software and then associated with lower level software and hardware structures at the lowest level they are associated with a physical port the WAN port This field should reflect an interface name defined in the next lower level of software over which the EOA interface will operate This will be an ATM VC interface such as aal5 0 as described in Chapter 1 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 14 Configuring EOA Interfaces 105 Field Description Config IP Address and Netmask The IP address and network mask you want to assign to the interface If the interface will be used for bridging with your ISP and you will not be using the CellPipe 22A GX as a router on your LAN then you do not need to specify IP information If you enable DHCP
83. efers to the Internet Web browser A software program that uses Hyper Text Transfer Protocol HTTP to download information from and upload to web sites and displays the information which may consist of text graphic images audio or video to the user Web browsers use Hyper Text Transfer Protocol HTTP Popular web browsers include Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer See also HTTP web site WWW Web page A web site file typically containing text graphics and hyperlinks cross references to the other pages on that web site as well as to pages on other web sites When a user accesses a web site the first page that is displayed is called the home page See also hyperlink web site Web site A computer on the Internet that distributes information to and gets information from remote users through web browsers A web site typically consists of web pages that contain text graphics and hyperlinks See also hyperlink web page WWW World Wide Web Also called the Web Collective term for all web sites anywhere in the world that can be accessed via the Internet 163 Index 100BASE T 155 10BASE T 155 ADSL 155 ADSL cable 15 ADSL port 15 Alarm page 140 Alarms 140 Analog 155 Asynchronous Transfer Mode See ATM ATM 155 defined 91 viewing configuration 91 ATM VC Add page 92 94 ATM VC Configuration page 91 Attacks 118 BASIC NAT flavor 72 BIMAP NAT fla
84. em or all type the starting and ending IP addresses of the range 6 In the Destination Port From and Destination Port To fields enter the port ID or a range that you expect to see on incoming packets destined for the LAN computer for which this rule is being created Incoming traffic that meets these rule criteria will be redirected to the Local Port number you specify in the next field For example if you grant public access to a Web server on your LAN you would expect that incoming packets destined for that computer would contain the well known web server port number 80 This setting serves as a filter data packets not containing this port number would not be granted access to you local computer 7 If the LAN computer that you are making publicly available is configured to use a non standard port number for the type of traffic it receives type the non standard port number in the Local Port field Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 72 This option translates the standard port number in packets destined for your LAN computer to the non standard number you specify For example if your Web server uses non standard port 2000 but you expect incoming data packets to refer to standard port 80 you would enter 2000 here and 80 in the Destination Port fields The headers of incoming packets destined for port 80 will be modified to refer to port 2000 The pac
85. er User Manual 36 The Home Page and System View Table The Home page displays when you first access the program This page is one of two options available in the Home tab the other is the Quick Configuration page as described on page 28 Figure 9 Home Page and System View Table The System View table provides a snapshot of your system configuration Note that some of the settings are links to the software pages that enable you to configure those settings The following table describes each section of the system view table Table Heading Description Device Displays basic information about the CellPipe 22A GX hardware and software versions the system uptime since the last reboot and the preconfigured operating mode DSL Displays the operational status version and performance statistics for the DSL line You can on DSL in the table heading or display the WAN tab to view additional DSL settings which are described in Chapter 14 WAN Interfaces Displays the software name s and various settings for the device interfaces that communicate with your ISP via DSL Although you only have one physical DSL port multiple software defined interfaces can be configured to use it See the ATM VC PPP EOA and IPoA chapters chapters 12 13 14 and 15 respectively for more information about the WAN interfaces defined on your system CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configu
86. er the rule should apply only to TCP packets that contain the synchronous SYN flag only to those that contain the non synchronous NOT SYN flag or to all TCP packets This field will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you selected TCP as the protocol ICMP Type Specifies whether the value in the type field in ICMP packet headers will be used as criteria The code value can be any decimal value from 0 255 You can specify that the value must equal eq or not equal neq the specified value or you can select any to enable the rule to be invoked on all ICMP packets This field will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you specify ICMP as the protocol Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 128 Field Description ICMP Code Specifies whether the value in the code field in ICMP packet headers will be used as criteria The code value can be any decimal value from 0 255 You can specify that the value must equal eq or not equal neq the specified value or you can select any to enable the rule to be invoked on all ICMP packets This field will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you specify ICMP as the protocol IP Frag Pkt Determines how the rule applies to IP packets that contain fragments You can choose from the following options o Yes The rule will be applied only to packets that contain fragments o No The rule will be applied o
87. ers ICANN Domain names are a key element of URLs which identify a specific file at a web site e g http www lucent com support See also DNS download To transfer data in the downstream direction i e from the Internet to the user DSL Digital Subscriber Line A technology that allows both digital data and analog voice signals to travel over existing copper telephone lines Ethernet The most commonly installed computer network technology usually using twisted pair wiring Ethernet data rates are 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps See also 10BASE T 100BASE T twisted pair filtering To screen out selected types of data based on filtering rules Filtering can be applied in one direction upstream or downstream or in both directions filtering rule A rule that specifies what kinds of data the a routing device will accept and or reject Filtering rules are defined to operate on an interface or multiple interfaces and in a particular direction upstream downstream or both firewall Any method of protecting a computer or LAN connected to the Internet from intrusion or attack from the outside Some firewall protection can be provided by packet filtering and Network Address Translation services CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Appendix D Glossary 157 FTP File Transfer Protocol A program used to transfer files between computers connected to the Internet Common uses include uploading new or updated files
88. es are assigned IP addresses that place them in two different subnets as shown Ethernet interface eth 0 IP address 192 168 1 1 mask 255 255 255 0 USB interface usb 0 IP address 192 168 2 1 mask 255 255 255 0 Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 54 With this configuration you could create the following two pools Pool 0 192 168 1 2 through 192 168 1 11 Pool 1 192 168 2 2 through 192 168 2 2 The DHCP server would automatically distribute the Pool 0 addresses only to computers connected to the interface in the same subnet as these addresses the LAN interface eth 0 Likewise the address in Pool 1 would be distributed to the USB connected computer Adding DHCP Server Address Pools Follow these instructions to create an IP address pool 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the LAN tab and then click DHCP Server in the task bar The DHCP Server Configuration page displays Figure 16 DHCP Configuration Page Depending on your preconfigured settings the table may display up to two address pools each in a row or may be empty 2 Click The DHCP Server Pool Add page displays as shown in Figure 17 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 55 Figure 17 DHCP Server Pool Add Page 3 Enter values for the Start IP Address End IP Address and
89. escription of these fields refer to the table on page 84 To create a route that defines the default gateway for your LAN enter 0 0 0 0 in both the Destination and Net Mask fields Enter your ISP s IP address in the Gateway NextHop field Note that you cannot specify the interface name route type or route origin These parameters are used only for routes that are identified automatically as the device communicates with other routing devices For routes you create the routing table displays system default values in these fields 3 Click 4 On the confirmation page click to return to the IP Route table page The IP Routing Table will now display the new route 5 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 6 Click to save your changes to permanent memory 87 11 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol The CellPipe 22A GX can be configured to communicate with other routing devices to determine the best path for sending data to its intended destination Routing devices communicate this information using a variety of IP protocols This chapter describes how to configure the CellPipe 22A GX to use one of these called the Routing Information Protocol RIP RIP Overview RIP is an Internet protocol you can set up to share routing table information with other routing devices on your LAN at your ISP s location or on remote networks connected to your network via the ADSL line Gener
90. eserved for special uses Subnet masks Definition mask A mask looks like a regular IP address but contains a pattern of bits that tells what parts of an IP address are the network ID and what parts are the host ID bits set to 1 mean this bit is part of the network ID and bits set to 0 mean this bit is part of the host ID Subnet masks are used to define subnets what you get after dividing a network into smaller pieces A subnet s network ID is created by borrowing one or more bits from the host ID portion of the address The subnet mask identifies these host ID bits For example consider a class C network 192 168 1 To split this into two subnets you would use the subnet mask 255 255 255 128 It s easier to see what s happening if we write this in binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000 As with any class C address all of the bits in field1 through field 3 are part of the network ID but note how the mask specifies that the first bit in field 4 is also included Since this extra bit has only two values 0 and 1 this means there are two subnets Each subnet CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Appendix A IP Addresses Network Masks and Subnets 147 uses the remaining 7 bits in field4 for its host IDs which range from 0 to 127 instead of the usual 0 to 255 for a class C address Similarly to split a class C network into four subnets the mask is 255 255 255 192 or 11111111 11111111
91. ess In Part 1 you install the USB driver on the PC In Part 2 you configure the IP properties on the USB PC Part 1 Installing the USB Driver 1 Ensure that the USB cable is not connected to the USB port on the PC or to the USB port on the CELLPIPE 22A GX device The installation program will prompt you when to connect the cable 2 Copy the USB installation files to a temporary directory on the USB computer 3 In the folder where you copied the files double click on setup exe to start the installation program The Welcome dialog box displays as shown in Figure 1 Figure 1 USB Driver Installation Welcome Screen Chapter 3 Quick Start CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 24 4 Click to display the Software License Agreement dialog box as shown in Figure 2 Figure 2 USB Driver Installation Software License Agreement 5 After reviewing the license agreement click to continue 6 If a Microsoft digital signature dialog box displays click to continue The installation program will begin copying the necessary installation files to the required locations When finished the Setup Complete dialog box will display as shown in Figure 3 Figure 3 USB Driver Installation Setup Complete CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 3 Quick Start 25 7 Click A DSL Installer dialog box displays while the program searches for your USB hardware After a few second
92. ess pool display the DHCP Server Configuration page and click the icons in the corresponding row in the address pool table To delete an IP address pool click then submit and commit your changes To view details on an IP address pool click A page displays with the same information that you entered when you added the pool To modify the pool click The DHCP Server Pool Modify page displays as shown in Figure 18 Figure 18 DHCP Server Pool Modify Page You can change the domain name associated with an IP address pool or enable disable the pool By default a pool is enabled when you create it When you are done making modifications click Use the Commit function to save your changes to permanent memory see page 40 Excluding IP addresses from a pool If you have IP addresses that are designated for fixed use with specific devices or for some other reason you do not want to make them available to your network you can exclude them from the pool Display the DHCP Server Pool Modify page as shown in Figure 18 Type each address to be excluded in the Excluded IP field and click When you are done specifying excluded addresses click and then use the Commit function to save your changes to permanent memory see page 40 Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 58 Viewing current DHCP address assignments When the
93. esses at no cost and then have them translated to the public IP address when your computers access the Internet They provide a measure of security for you LAN by enabling you to assign private IP addresses and then have these and the source port numbers swapped out before your computers access the Internet The type of NAT function described above is called network address port translation NAPT You can use other types called flavors of NAT for other purposes for example providing outside access to your LAN or translating multiple private addresses to multiple public addresses For a description of NAPT rules see page 68 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation 63 Viewing NAT Global Settings and Statistics To view your NAT settings log into Configuration Manager click the Services tab The NAT Configuration page displays by default as shown in Figure 22 Figure 22 NAT Configuration Page The NAT Configuration page contains the following elements The NAT Options drop down list which provides access to the NAT Configuration page and Global Information table shown by default and in Figure 22 the NAT Rule Configuration page see Figure 24 and the NAT Translations page see Figure 26 Enable Disable radio buttons which allow you to turn on or off the NAT feature The NAT Global Information table which displays the following settings that apply
94. evice to a different device on the same network or to a device on an entirely different network When a hop passes data from one type of network to another it uses a gateway A gateway is an IP address that provides initial access to a network just as a switchboard serves as a gateway to a specific set of phone numbers For example when a computer on your LAN requests access to a company s web site your ISP serves as a gateway to the Internet As your request reaches its destination another gateway provides access to the company s web servers Using IP routes to define default gateways IP routes are defined on computers routers and other IP enabled devices to instruct them which hop to take or which gateway to use to help forward data along to its specified destination If no IP route is defined for a destination then IP data is passed to a predetermined default gateway The default gateway serves like a higher level telephone switchboard it may not be able to connect directly to the destination but it will know a set of other devices that can help pass the data intelligently If it cannot determine which of these devices provides a good next hop because no such route has been defined then that device will forward the data to its default gateway Eventually a high level device using a predefined IP route will be able to forward the data along a path to its destination Do I need to define IP routes Most users do no
95. fficient route based on the data s destination IP address and current network conditions A device that performs routing is called a router rule See filtering rule NAT rule SDNS Secondary Domain Name System server A DNS server that can be used if the primary DSN server is not available See DNS Appendix D Glossary CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 160 SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol The TCP IP protocol used for network management splitter A device that splits off the voice component of the DSL signal to a separate line so that data and telephone service each have their own wiring and jacks The splitter is installed by your telephone company where the DSL line enters your home The CO also contains splitters that separate the voice and data signals sending voice to the PSTN and data on high speed lines to the Internet See also CO PSTN splitterless microfilter splitterless A type of DSL installation where no splitter is installed saving the cost of a service call by the telephone company Instead each jack in the home carries both voice and data requiring a microfilter for each telephone to prevent interference from the data signal ADSL is usually splitterless if you are unsure if your installation has a splitter ask your DSL provider See also splitter microfilter subnet A subnet is a portion of a network The subnet is distinguished from the larger network by a subnet mask whi
96. for this interface then the Configured IP address will serve only as a request to the DHCP server The actual address that is assigned by the ISP may differ if this address is not available Use DHCP When enabled this setting instructs the device to accept IP information assigned dynamically by your ISP s DHCP server If the interface will be used for bridging with your ISP and you will not be routing data through it leave this checkbox unselected Default Route Indicates whether the CellPipe 22A GX uses the IP address assigned to this interface if any as its default route for your LAN Your system can have only one default route See Chapter 1 for an explanation of default routes Gateway Address The external IP address that the CellPipe 22A GX communicates with via the EOA interface to gain access to the Internet This is typically an ISP server Status A green or red ball will display to indicate that the interface is currently up or down respectively You cannot manually enable or disable the interface a red ball may indicate a problem with the DSL connection Action Icons you can click on to edit or delete the associated EOA interface Chapter 14 Configuring EOA Interfaces CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 106 Adding EOA Interfaces Follow these instructions to add an EOA interface 1 Click the WAN tab and then click EOA in the task bar 2 Click The EOA Interface Add
97. g using the preconfigured default LAN IP address 192 168 1 1 or another address you assigned You can also test whether access to the Internet is working by typing an external address such as that for www yahoo com 216 115 108 243 If you do not know the IP address of a particular Internet location you can use the nslookup command as explained in the following section From most other IP enabled operating systems you can execute the same command at a command prompt or through a system administration utility Appendix C Troubleshooting CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 154 nslookup You can use the nslookup command to determine the IP address associated with an internet site name You specify the common name and the nslookup command looks up the name in on your DNS server usually located with your ISP If that name is not an entry in your ISP s DNS table the request is then referred to another higher level server and so on until the entry is found The server then returns the associated IP address On Windows based computers you can execute the nslookup command from the Start menu Click the Start button and then click Run In the Open text box type the following nslookup Click A Command Prompt window displays with a bracket prompt gt At the prompt type the name of the internet address your are interested in such as www microsoft com The window will display the associate IP address
98. h it uses to calculate and report various performance data Note Changing the CellPipe 22A GX date and time does not affect the date and time on your PCs Follow these instructions to change the date and time 1 At the bottom of the Home page click The System Modify page displays in a separate browser window Figure 10 System Modify Page 2 Use the drop down lists to select a new date and time 3 Type the acronym for your time zone in the text box provided 4 Specify the host name i e a name for the device and the domain name i e the name of the network on which the device resides in the text boxes provided 5 Click 6 On the confirmation page click to return to the System View page 7 To save your changes to permanent memory click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 8 Click CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager 39 Changing Your Login Password The first time you log into the Configuration Manager you use the default user ID and password root and root The system allows only one user ID and password Only the password can be changed Note This user ID and password is used only for logging into the Configuration Manager it is not the same as the login you may use to connect to your ISP described in Chapter 1 To change the Configuration Manager login password
99. he Quick Start 5 In the Global Address From and Global Address To fields type the starting and ending address that identify the range of public IP addresses to translate your private addresses to Or type the same address in both fields if you also specified a single address in step 4 6 Specify a Destination Address or addresses Destination Port or ports or both You can specify a single value by entering that value in both fields Specify a destination address or range if you want this rule to apply only to outbound traffic to the address or range If you enter only the network ID portion of the destination address then the rule will apply to outbound traffic to all computers on network Specify a destination ports or range if you want this rule to apply to any outbound traffic to the types of servers identified by that port number For example if you do not specify a destination address but specify a Destination Port From To of 21 then this translation will occur on all accesses by your LAN to all external FTP servers That is when one of your LAN computers communicates with an external FTP server the source IP address in the packet headers is changed to the public address replacing the initiator s private IP address CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation 75 Port number assignments are maintained in RFCs maintained by IANA Common port num
100. he following table describes the fields Field Description Rule ID Each rule must be assigned a sequential ID number Rules are processed from lowest to highest on each data packet until a match is found It is recommended that you assign rule IDs in multiples of 5 or 10 e g 10 20 30 so that you leave enough room between them for inserting a new rule if necessary Action The action that will be taken when a packet matches the rule criteria The action can be Accept forward to destination or Deny discard the packet Direction Specifies whether the rule should apply to data packets that are incoming or outgoing on the selected interface Incoming refers to packets coming from the LAN and outgoing refers to packets going to the Internet You can use rules that specify the incoming direction to restrict external computers from accessing your LAN Interface The interface on the CellPipe 22A GX on which the rule will take effect See the examples on page 129 for suggestions on choosing the appropriate interface for various rule types In Interface The interface from which packets must have been forwarded to the interface specified in the previous selection This option is valid only for the outgoing direction Log Option When Enabled is selected a log entry will be created on the system each time this rule is invoked The log entry will include the time of the violation the source address of the computer responsi
101. ic addresses that you have purchased from your ISP but are typically private addresses that you create LAN administrators often create private IP addresses for use only on their networks See Overview of NAT on page 61 for an explanation of private IP addresses You can create up to two pools The pools can maintain a combined total of 254 IP addresses For example you could configure only one pool with addresses in the range 192 168 1 2 through 192 168 1 255 or two pools with the following address ranges Pool 0 192 168 1 2 through 192 168 1 128 Pool 1 192 168 1 129 through 192 168 1 255 The same pool can be used for distributing IP addresses to your LAN PCs connected via the Ethernet port and a USB connected computer as long as these ports are in the same subnet You may want to create a second pool if any of these circumstances apply The device s Ethernet eth 0 and USB usb 0 ports are in different subnets See Appendix A for an explanation of subnets Your LAN configuration includes two subnets You have only one subnet but the addresses you want to distribute are not in a continuous range Alternatively you can exclude particular addresses from distribution from a single pool see page 57 The DHCP server will distribute addresses to computers connected to a given device interface only when that interface is in the same subnet as the pool addresses For example assume that the Ethernet and USB interfac
102. ically the global setting for private interfaces is Accept so that LAN computers have access to the CellPipe 22A GX devices Internet connection The term DMZ de militarized zone in Internet networking terms refers to computers that are available for both public and in network accesses such as a company s public Web server Packets received on a DMZ interface a whether from a LAN or external source are subject to a set of protections that is in between public and private interfaces in terms of restrictiveness The global setting for DMZ type interfaces may be set to Deny so that all attempts to access these servers are denied by default the administrator may then configure IP filter rules to allow accesses of certain types Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 124 Creating IP filter rules To create an IP filter rule you set various criteria that must be met in order for the rule to be invoked Use these instructions to add a new IP filter rule and refer to the examples on page 129 for assistance 1 On the IP Filter Configuration page click The IP Filter Rule Add page displays as shown in Figure 54 Figure 54 IP Filter Rule Add Page CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols 125 2 Enter or select data for each field that applies to your rule T
103. ilter sessions When two computers communicate using the IP protocol an IP session is created for the duration of the communication The CellPipe 22A GX allows a fixed number of concurrent IP sessions You can view information about each current IP session and delete sessions for security reasons for example To view all current IP sessions display the IP Filters Configuration page and then click The IP Filter Sessions displays as shown in Figure 57 Figure 57 IP Filter Sessions Page Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 132 The IP Filter Session table displays the following fields for each current IP session Field Description Session Index The ID assigned by the system to the IP session all sessions whether or not they are affected by an IP filter rule are assigned a session index Time to expire The number of seconds in which the connection will automatically expire Protocol The underlying IP protocol used on the connection such as TCP UDP IGMP etc I F The interface on which the IP filter rule is effective IP Address The IP addresses involved in the communication The first one shown is the initiator of the communication Port The hardware addresses of the ports involved in the communication In Out Rule Index The number of the IP filter rule that is applies to this session assigned when the rule was created In Ou
104. indows NT 4 0 21 IP Configuration Windows XP 17 IP data packet 61 IP Filter Configuration page 122 IP Filter Rule Statistics page 131 IP Filter Rule Add Page 124 IP filter rules adding 124 examples 129 settings 125 IP filter sessions 131 IP Filter Sessions page 131 IP filters viewing statistics 131 IP Global Statistics page 50 IP information configuring on LAN computers 17 IP Route Add page 85 IP Route Table page 83 IP routes adding 85 manually configuring 82 type 84 IP Routes defined 81 IPOA defined 109 IPoA Interface Add page 111 IPoA page 109 ISP 158 LAN 158 LAN Configuration page 44 LAN interface configuring multiple 49 LAN IP address 43 45 configuring 44 specifying 44 viewing 49 LAN port default IP information 22 LEDs 13 158 troubleshooting 151 Login to Configuration Manager 33 Loopback IP address 49 MAC addresses 158 in DHCP Address Table 58 in DHCP pools 55 Mask See Network mask Mbps 158 Microfilter 158 NAPT NAT flavor 68 NAT 158 adding rules 68 BASIC flavor 72 BIMAP flavor 75 default configuration 62 defined 61 Filter flavor 73 global settings 63 NAPT flavor 68 PASS flavor 76 RDR flavor 70 viewing performance statistics 65 NAT Configuration page 63 NAT Rule Configuration page 65 NAT Rule Global
105. ing IP Performance Statistics You can view statistics on the processing of Internet protocol packets a packet is a collection of data that has been bundled for transmission You will not typically need to view this data but you may find it helpful when working with your ISP to diagnose network and Internet data transmission problems To view global IP statistics click on the IP Address Table page Figure 15 shows the IP Global Statistics page Figure 15 IP Global Statistics Page To display updated statistics showing any new data since you opened the page click 51 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol You can configure your network and CellPipe 22A GX to use the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP This chapter provides an overview of DHCP and instructions for implementing it on your network Overview of DHCP What is DHCP DHCP is a protocol that enables network administrators to centrally manage the assignment and distribution of IP information to computers on a network When you enable DHCP on a network you allow a device such as the CellPipe 22A GX or a router located with your ISP to assign temporary IP addresses to your computers whenever they connect to your network The assigning device is called a DHCP server and the receiving device is a DHCP client Note If you used the Quick Start instructions you configured each LAN PC with an IP address or you specified that it wil
106. ing IP addresses that identify the range of private address you want to be translated Or type the same address in both fields If you specify a range each address will be translated in sequence to a corresponding address in a range of global addresses which you specify in step 5 You can create a BASIC rule for each specific address translation to occur The range of addresses should correspond to private addresses already in use on your network whether assigned statically to your PCs or assigned dynamically using DHCP 5 In the Global Address From and Global Address To fields type the starting and ending address that identify the pool of public IP addresses that the private addresses should be translated to Or type the same address in both fields if you also specified a single address in step 4 6 Follow steps 8 12 under The NAPT rule on page 68 to submit your changes The Filter rule Configuring a BASIC rule with additional criteria Like the BASIC flavor the Filter flavor translates public and private IP addresses on a one to one basis The Filter flavor extends the capability of the BASIC rule Refer to The BASIC Rule on page 72 for a general description You can use the Filter rule if you want an address translation to occur only when your LAN computers initiate access to specific destinations The destinations can be identified by their IP addresses server type such as FTP or Web server or both Figur
107. ing in the table If the security level of the rule matches the globally configured setting a green ball in the Status column for that rule indicating that the rule is now in effect A red ball will display when the rule is disabled or if its security level is different from the globally configured level 4 Ensure that the Security Level and Private Public DMZ Default Action settings on the IP Filter Configuration page are configured as needed then click A page displays to confirm your changes 5 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 6 Click to save your changes to permanent memory IP filter rule examples Example 1 Blocking a specific computer on your LAN from using accessing web servers on the Internet 1 Add a new rule for outgoing packets on the ppp 0 interface from any incoming interface this would include the eth 0 and usb 0 interfaces for example 2 Specify a source IP address of the computer you want to block 3 Specify the Protocol TCP and enable the Store State setting 4 Select the TCP Protocol and then specify a destination port 80 which is the well known port number for web servers 5 Enable the rule by clicking the radio button at the top of the page 6 Click to create the rule 7 On the IP Filter Configuration page set the Security Level to the same level you chose for the rule and set both the Private Default Action and the Public Default
108. ings Read the following section to determine if you need to change additional settings CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 3 Quick Start 31 Default Router Settings In addition to handling the DSL connection to your ISP the CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet router can provide a variety of services to your network The device is preconfigured with default settings for use with a typical home or small office network Table 1 lists some of the most important default settings these and other features are described fully in the subsequent chapters If you are familiar with network configuration review the settings in Table 1 to verify that they meet the needs of your network Follow the instructions to change them if necessary If you are unfamiliar with these settings try using the device without modification or contact your ISP for assistance Before you modifying any settings review Chapter 4 for general information about accessing and using the Configuration Manager program We strongly recommend that you contact your ISP prior to changing the default configuration Table 1 Default Settings Summary Option Default Setting Explanation Instructions DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server enabled with the following pool of addresses 192 168 1 3 through 192 168 1 34 The CellPipe 22A GX maintains a pool of private IP addresses for dynamic assignment to your LAN computers To use this
109. ion PPoE Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet Many DSL modems use PPoE to establish and maintain a connection with a service provider PPoE provides a means of logging in to the ISPs servers so that they can authenticate you as a customer and provide you access to the Internet Check with your ISP before blocking this protocol Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 134 Protocol Description IP Multicast IP Multicast is an extension to the IP protocol It enables individual packets to be sent to multiple hosts on the Internet and is often used for handling e mail mailing lists and teleconferencing videoconferencing RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol This IP protocol provides a way for computers to determine their own IP addresses when they only know their hardware address i e MAC addresses Certain types of computers such as diskless workstations must use RARP to determine their IP address before communicating with other network devices AppleTalk A networking protocol used in for Apple Macintosh networks NetBEUI NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface On many LAN operating systems the NetBEUI protocol provides the method by which computers identify themselves to and communicate with each other IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange A networking protocol used on Novell Netware based LANs BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit BPDUs are data
110. ion for example by changing the Configuration Manager settings for the PPP interface o No Activity The PPP communication timed out in accordance with the timeout period specified on the PPP Configuration page o Auth Failure The ISP could not authorize the connection based on the user name and or password provided o PADT recvd The ISP issued a special packet type to terminate the PPP connection o VC down The Virtual Circuit between the unit and the ISP is down o Internal failure A system software failure occurred DNS The IP address of the DNS server located with your ISP used on this PPP connection SDNS The IP address of the secondary DNS server located with your ISP used on this PPP connection Security Protocol The type of PPP security your ISP uses PAP Password Authentication Protocol or CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol Login Name The name you use to log in to your ISP each time this PPP connection is established Chapter 13 Configuring PPP Interfaces CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 100 Adding a PPP Interface Definition If you intend to use more than one type of service from your ISP the device may be configured with multiple PPP interfaces each with unique logon and other properties Follow this procedure to define properties for a PPP interface 1 From the PPP Configuration Page click The PPP Interface Add page displays as shown in Figure
111. ipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 28 Part 3 Configuring the CellPipe 22A GX In Part 3 you log into the program on the CellPipe 22A GX and configure basic settings for your Internet connection Your ISP should provide you with the necessary information to complete this step Logging in to the CellPipe 22A GX Quick Configuration Page The CellPipe 22A GX provides a preinstalled software program called Configuration Manager which enables you to configure the operation of the device via your Web browser The settings that you are most likely to need to change before using the device are grouped onto a single Quick Configuration page Follow these instructions configure the device settings 1 At any PC connected to the CellPipe 22A GX via Ethernet open your Web browser and type the following URL in the address location box 192 168 1 1 setup When you press lt Return gt the page shown in Figure 7 should display see Appendix C Troubleshooting if you receive an error message or the page does not display Figure 7 Quick Configuration Page in Configuration Manager CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 3 Quick Start 29 The fields are described in the following table Work with your ISP to determine which settings you need to change Field Description General Settings ATM Interface Select the ATM interface you want to use usually atm 0 Your system may be configured w
112. is not on check the power cable attachment DIAG Flashing on off while the device is booting After about 10 15 seconds it should turn off USB Solid yellow to indicate that the USB connection is operational LINK LAN Solid green to indicate that the device can communicate with your LAN LINK WAN Solid green to indicate that the device has successfully established a connection with your ISP WAN ACT Flashing when the device is sending or receiving data from the Internet It may be unlit flashing or appear solid depending on the current activity If the LEDs illuminate as expected test your Internet connection from a LAN computer and from the USB computer if applicable Open your web browser and type the URL of any external website such as http www yahoo com The LED labeled WAN ACT should be blinking rapidly and may appear solid as the device connects to the site If the LEDs do not illuminate as expected or the web page does not display see Appendix C for troubleshooting suggestions Or contact your ISP for assistance 33 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager The CellPipe 22A GX includes a preinstalled program called the Configuration Manager which provides an interface to the software installed on the device It enables you to configure the device settings to meet the needs of your network You access it through your web browser from any PC connected to the CellPipe 22A GX via the LAN or USB
113. ite 161 Windows NT configuring IP information 21 World Wide Web 161
114. ith more than one ATM interface if you are using different types of services with your ISP Operation Mode This setting enables or disables the CellPipe 22A GX When set to No the device cannot be used to provide Internet connectivity for your network Set it to Enabled now if necessary Encapsulation This setting determines the type of data link your ISP uses to communicate with your CellPipe 22A GX Contact them to determine the appropriate setting VCI and VPI These values are provided by your ISP and determine the unique path your connection uses to communicate with your ISP Bridge This setting enables or disables bridging between the CellPipe 22A GX and your ISP Your ISPs may also refer to this as RFC 1483 or Ethernet over ATM IGMP This setting enables or disables the Internet Group Management Protocol which some ISPs use to perform remote configuration of your device IP Address and Subnet Mask If your ISP has assigned a public IP address to your LAN enter the address and the associated subnet mask in the boxes provided Note in some configurations the public IP address should be entered on your PC rather than on the CellPipe 22A GX check with your ISP Default Route When enabled this setting specifies that the IP address specified above will be used as the default route for your LAN Whenever one of your LAN computers attempts to access the Internet the data will be sent via the
115. ket can then be routed appropriately to the web server 8 Follow steps 8 12 under The NAPT rule on page 68 to submit your changes The Basic rule Performing 1 1 translations The Basic flavor translates the private LAN side IP address to a public WAN side address like NAPT rules However unlike NAPT rules Basic rules do not also translate the port numbers in the packet header they are passed through untranslated Therefore the Basic rule does not provide the same level of security as the NAPT rule Figure 30 shows the fields used for adding a Basic rule Figure 30 NAT Rule Add Page Basic Flavor Follow these instructions to add a BASIC rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 68 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select BASIC as the Rule Flavor and enter a Rule ID 2 Select the interface on which this rule will be effective 3 Select a protocol to which this rule applies or choose ALL This selection specifies which type of Internet communication will be subject to this translation rule You can select ALL if the rule applies to all data Or select TCP UDP ICMP or a number from 1 255 that represents the IANA specified protocol number CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation 73 4 In the Local Address From and Local Address To fields type the starting and end
116. l receive IP information dynamically automatically If you chose to have the information assigned dynamically then you configured your PCs as DHCP clients that will accept IP addresses assigned from a DCHP server such as the CellPipe 22A GX The DHCP server draws from a defined pool of IP addresses and leases them for a specified amount of time to your computers when they request an Internet session It monitors collects and redistributes the addresses as needed On a DHCP enabled network the IP information is assigned dynamically rather than statically A DHCP client can be assigned a different address from the pool each time it reconnects to the network Why use DHCP DHCP allows you to manage and distribute IP addresses throughout your network from a central computer Without DHCP you would have to configure each computer separately with IP addresses and related information DHCP is commonly used with large networks and those that are frequently expanded or otherwise updated Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 52 CellPipe 22A GX DHCP modes The device can be configured as a DHCP server relay agent or client If you configure the device as a DHCP server it will maintain the pool of addresses and distribute them to your LAN computers If the pool of addresses includes private IP addresses you must also configure the Network Address Tran
117. lations occurring the previous 30 minutes If the ICMP protocol were being used then instead of the source and destination ports the e mail will report the ICMP code and type 3 Click 4 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 5 Click to save your changes to permanent memory Chapter 17 Configuring Firewall Settings CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 120 Managing the Black List If data packets are received that violate the firewall settings or any of the IP filter rules then the source IP address of the offending packets can be blocked from such accesses for a specified period of time You can enable or disable use of the black list using the settings described above The source computer remains on the black list for the period of time that you specify To view the list of currently blacklisted computers click at the bottom of the Firewall Configuration page The Firewall Blacklisted Hosts page displays as shown in Figure 52 Figure 52 Firewall Blacklisted Hosts Page The table displays the following information for each entry Field Description Host IP Address The IP address of the computer that sent the packet s that caused the violation Reason A short description of the type of violation If the packet violated an IP filter rule the custom text from the Log Tag field will display See Creating IP filter rules on page 124 IPF Rule ID If
118. low external access regardless of the destination port type specified in the incoming packet Figure 32 shows the fields used to establish a Bimap rule Figure 32 NAT Rule Add Page Bimap Flavor Follow these instructions to add a Bimap rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 68 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select BIMAP as the Rule Flavor and enter a Rule ID Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 76 2 Select the interface on which this rule will be effective 3 In the Local Address field type the private IP address of the computer to which you are granting external access 4 In the Global Address field type the address that you want to serve as the publicly known address for the LAN computer 5 Follow steps 8 12 under The NAPT rule on page 68 to submit your changes The Pass rule Allowing specific addresses to pass through untranslated You can create a Pass rule to allow a range of IP addresses to remain untranslated when another rule would otherwise do so Figure 33 NAT Rule Add Page Pass Flavor The Pass rule must be assigned a rule ID that is a lower number than the ID assigned to the rule it is intended to pass In you want a specific IP address or range of addresses to not be subject to an existing rule say rule ID 5 then you can create a Pass
119. n IP information 6 Click to continue and then click if prompted to restart your computer Next configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the CellPipe 22A GX 7 Open the Control Panel window and then double click the Network icon 8 In the Network dialog box click the Protocols tab 9 In the Protocols tab select TCP IP and then click 10 In the Microsoft TCP IP Properties dialog box click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server 11 Click twice to confirm and save your changes and then close the Control Panel Chapter 3 Quick Start CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 22 Assigning static Internet information to your PCs In some cases you may want to assign Internet information to some or all of your PCs directly often called statically rather than allowing the CellPipe 22A GX to assign it This option may be desirable but not required if You have obtained one or more public IP addresses that you want to always associate with specific computers for example if you are using a computer as a public web server You maintain different subnets on your LAN subnets are described in Appendix A Before you begin contact your ISP if you do not already have the following information The IP address and subnet mask to be assigned to each PC to which you will be assigning static IP information The IP address of the default gateway for
120. n that is used to carry IP and other protocol data between your ISP and your computer The WAN interface on the CellPipe 22A GX uses two forms of PPP called PPPoA and PPPoE See also PPPoA PPPoE PPPoA Point to Point Protocol over ATM One of the two types of PPP interfaces you can define for a Virtual Circuit VC the other type being PPPoE You can define only one PPPoA interface per VC PPPoE Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet One of the two types of PPP interfaces you can define for a Virtual Circuit VC the other type being PPPoA You can define one or more PPPoE interfaces per VC protocol A set of rules governing the transmission of data In order for a data transmission to work both ends of the connection have to follow the rules of the protocol remote In a physically separate location For example an employee away on travel who logs in to the company s intranet is a remote user RIP Routing Information Protocol The original TCP IP routing protocol There are two versions of RIP version I and version II RJ 11 Registered Jack Standard 11 The standard plug used to connect telephones fax machines modems etc to a telephone jack It is a 6 pin connector usually containing four wires RJ 45 Registered Jack Standard 45 The 8 pin plug used in transmitting data over phone lines Ethernet cabling usually uses this type of connector routing Forwarding data between your network and the Internet on the most e
121. n the same number in decimal In the example above you can see that the decimal number 13 is the same as the binary number 1101 8 4 1 13 Bits and bytes Computers handle binary numbers by grouping them into units of distinct sizes The smallest unit is called a bit and the most commonly used unit is called a byte Definition bit and byte A bit is a single binary digit i e 0 or 1 A byte is a group of eight consecutive bits the number of bits can vary with computers but is almost always eight e g 11011001 The value of a byte ranges from 0 00000000 to 255 11111111 The following shows the values of the eight digits in a byte along with a sample value 128 s 64 s 32 s 16 s 8 s 4 s 2 s 1 s 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 The decimal value of this byte is 173 128 32 8 4 1 173 151 C Troubleshooting This appendix suggests solutions for problems you may encounter in installing or using the CellPipe 22A GX and provides instructions for using several IP utilities to diagnose problems Contact Customer Support if these suggestions do not resolve the problem Problem Troubleshooting Suggestion LEDs Power LED does not illuminate after product is turned on Verify that you are using the power cable provided with the device and that it is securely connected to the CellPipe 22A GX and a wall socket power strip LINK WAN LED does not illuminate after phone cable is attached Verify
122. nd your connection will remain active If you enabled the DHCP service the CellPipe 22A GX will initiate a request for an IP address from your LAN s DHCP server If a different IP address is assigned than was previously configured your current connection will be terminated 4 Reconfigure your PCs if necessary so that their IP addresses place them in the same subnet as the new IP address of the LAN port See the Quick Start chapter Part 2 Configuring Your Computers for instructions 5 Log into Configuration Manager by typing the new IP address in your Web browser s address location box 6 If the new settings work properly click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 7 Click to save your changes to permanent memory CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 5 Configuring the LAN and USB Ports 47 Configuring the USB Port IP Address 1 If the LAN Configuration page is not already displaying click the LAN tab If the USB Configuration table does not display below the LAN Configuration table then your system does not currently support USB functionality Contact your ISP for assistance 2 In the USB Configuration table enter the IP Address and Network Mask for the USB port The IP address must place the USB port in the same subnet as the USB computer The USB port and USB computer can also be in the same subnet as the LAN port and the computers attached to
123. nel 13 Rebooting 41 Remote 159 Reset button 41 RIP 159 configuring on device 88 overview 87 viewing statistics 90 RIP Configuration page 88 RIP Global Statistics page 90 RJ 11 159 RJ 45 159 Routing 159 Routing Information Protocol See RIP Security levels setting 123 Software upgrades 141 Splitter 160 Splitterless 160 Static IP addresses 22 Statically assigned IP addresses 51 Submitting vs committing 40 Subnet 160 defined 56 Subnet mask See Network mask Subnet masks 146 System requirements for Configuration Manager 33 System requirements 11 System Modify page 38 TCP IP 160 Telephone 15 Telnet port modifying address 143 Testing setup 32 Time and date changing 38 Index CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 168 Traps See Alarms Troubleshooting 151 TTL 160 Twisted pair 160 Typographical conventions 12 Upgrading software 141 Upstream 161 USB 161 configuring IP on PC 27 Configuring PC 23 installing 16 installing driver 23 USB port configuring IP information 43 47 User Password Configuration page 39 Username default 34 VC 161 VCI 161 VPI 161 WAN 161 WAN interface configuring multiple 49 IP address 49 Web browser 161 requirements 11 version requirements 33 Web browsers compatible versions 33 Web page 161 Web s
124. nly to packets that do not contain fragments o Ignore Default The rule will be applied to packets whether or not they contain fragments assuming that they match the other criteria IP Option Pkt Determines whether the rule should apply to IP packets that have options specified in their packet headers o Yes The rule will be applied only to packets that contain header options o No The rule will be applied only to packets that do not contain header options o Ignore Default The rule will be applied to packets whether or not they contain header options assuming that they match the other criteria Packet Size Specifies that the IP filter rule will take affect only on packets whose size in bytes matches this criterion lt less than gt greater than lteq less than or equal to etc TOD Rule Status The Time of Day Rule Status determines how the Start Time End Time settings are used o Enable Default The rule is in effect for the specified time period o Disable The rule is not in effect for the specified time period but is effective at all other times CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols 129 3 When you are done selecting criteria ensure that the Enable radio button is selected at the top of the page and then click After a confirmation page displays the IP Filter Configuration page will redisplay with the new rule show
125. ns the number of seconds after which a translation session will no longer be valid if no packets are received NAPT Port Start End When an NAPT rule is defined the source ports will be translated to sequential numbers in this range If you change any values click and then click the Admin tab and commit your changes to permanent system memory see page 40 You can click to view accumulated data on how many NAT rules have been invoked and how much data has been translated A page displays similar to the one shown in Figure 23 Figure 23 NAT Rule Global Statistics Page The table provides basic information for each NAT rule you have set up You can click to restart the accumulation of the statistics at their initial values CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation 65 Viewing NAT Rules and Rule Statistics To view the NAT rules currently defined on your system select NAT Rule Entry in the NAT Options drop down list The NAT Rule Configuration page displays as shown in Figure 24 Figure 24 NAT Rule Configuration Page The NAT Rule Configuration table displays a row containing basic information for each rule For a description of these fields refer to the instructions for adding rules pages 68 through 76 From the NAT Rule Configuration page you can click to add a new rule or use the icons in the right column to delete or view details on
126. nterface is currently up or down respectively You cannot manually enable or disable the interface a down interface may indicate a problem with the DSL connection Action Icons you can click on to edit or delete the associated IPoA interface CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 15 Configuring IPoA Interfaces 111 Adding IPoA Interfaces Follow these instructions to add an IPoA interface 1 Display the IPoA page and click The IPoA Interface Add page displays as shown in Figure 49 Figure 49 IPoA Interface Add Page 2 Select the next available interface name from the IPoA Interface drop down list 3 In the Configured IP Address and Net Mask boxes type the address and mask that you want to assign to the IPoA interface 4 From the Interface Sec Type drop down list select the level of firewall security for the interface Public Private or DMZ see page 110 for definitions 5 In the RFC 1577 Click the Yes radio button if the interface complies with the IETF specification RFC 1577 and click 6 Click A confirmation page will display to confirm your changes 7 Click to return to the IPoA page and view the new interface in the table 8 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 9 Click to save your changes to permanent memory 113 16 Configuring Bridging The CellPipe 22A GX can be configured to act as a bridging
127. ompany you dialed In comparison when your computer initiates communication over the Internet such as viewing a web page connecting to an web server the data it sends out includes the IP address of the destination computer the phone number All your outgoing requests first go to the same router at your ISP the first switchboard That router looks at the network ID portion of the destination address the area code and determines which next router to send the request to After several such passes the request arrives at a router for the destination network which then uses the host ID portion of the destination IP address the local phone number to route the request to the appropriate computer The network ID and host ID portions of IP addresses are explained in Appendix A With both the telephone and the computer all transactions are initially sent to the same switchboard or router which serves as a gateway to other higher or lower level devices No single device knows at the outset the eventual path the data will take but each uses a specific part of the destination address phone number to make a decision about which device to connect to next Chapter 10 Configuring IP Routes CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 82 Hops and gateways Each time Internet data is passed from one Internet address to another it is said to take a hop A hop can be a handoff to a different port on the same d
128. ou want to perform bridging and click For example select eth 0 LAN and eoa 0 WAN interfaces If you use a USB connected computer you can also select usb 0 Note If you do not have an eoa 0 interface but instead have an interface named ppp 0 or ipoa 0 your device is not currently configured with a WAN interface that allows bridging with your ISP You may want to check with your ISP to determine whether they use the eoa protocol See Chapter 14 for instructions on creating an eoa interface Note If you enable bridging on an interface that has already been assigned an IP address then it is considered IP enabled and will route rather than bridge IP packets received on the interface The interface will bridge non IP data it receives however You can determine whether the Ethernet eth 0 and USB usb 0 interfaces have been assigned IP addresses by displaying the IP Address Table display the Routing tab and then click IP Address These interfaces will display in the table only if they have been assigned IP addresses You can check whether the eoa 0 interface has been assigned an IP address by displaying the EOA configuration table click the WAN tab and then click EOA If the Config IP Address field is empty and the Use DHCP field contains the word Disable then no IP address has been assigned 3 Click the Enable radio button to turn on bridging Chapter 16 Configuring Bridging CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet
129. ower strip Step 4 Turn on the CellPipe 22A GX and power up your systems Press the Power switch on the back panel of the device to the ON position Turn on and boot up your computer s and any LAN devices such as hubs or switches Step 5 Install USB software and connect the USB cable You can attach a single computer to the device using a USB cable The USB port is useful if you have a USB enabled PC that does not have a network interface card for attaching to your Ethernet network Before attaching the USB cable you must install a USB driver and configure the computer For complete instructions see page 23 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 3 Quick Start 17 Part 2 Configuring Your Computers Part 2 of the Quick Start provides instructions for configuring the Internet settings on your computers to work with the CellPipe 22A GX Before you begin By default the CellPipe 22A GX automatically assigns all required Internet settings to your PCs You need only to configure the PCs to accept the information when it is assigned Note In some cases you may want to assign Internet information manually to some or all of your computers rather than allow the CellPipe 22A GX to do so See Assigning static Internet information to your PCs on page 22 for instructions If you have connected your PC via the USB port see the USB configuration instructions on page 23 If you have conne
130. pecific instructions or explanations Note Provides clarifying or non essential information on the current topic Definition Explains terms or acronyms that may be unfamiliar to many readers These terms are also included in the Glossary WARNING Provides messages of high importance including messages relating to personal safety or system integrity 13 2 Getting to Know the CellPipe 22A GX Parts Check In addition to this document your CellPipe 22A GX should arrive with the following CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Bridge Router Power adapter and power cord USB cable Ethernet cable straight through type Standard phone DSL line cable Front Panel The front panel contains lights called LEDs that indicate the status of the unit Label Color Function PWR green On Unit is powered on Off Unit is powered off ALM red On Fault Off Normal operation LAN green On LAN link established and active Off No LAN link Blink Activity USB green On USB link is established Off No USB link WAN green On ADSL link established and active Blink No ADSL link slow or training fast Rear Panel The rear panel contains the ports for the unit s data and power connections Label Function WAN Connects the device to a telephone jack for DSL communication USB Connects to the USB port on your PC Ethernet Connects the device to your PC s Ethernet port or to the uplink por
131. perties dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components If the list includes Internet Protocol TCP IP then the protocol has already been enabled Skip to step 10 4 If Internet Protocol TCP IP does not display as an installed component click 5 In the Select Network Component Type dialog box select Protocol and then click 6 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP in the Network Protocols list and then click You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 2000 installation CD or other media Follow the instructions to install the files 7 If prompted click to restart your computer with the new settings Next configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the CellPipe 22A GX 8 In the Control Panel double click the Network and Dial up Connections icon 9 In Network and Dial up Connections window right click the Local Area Connection icon and then select Properties 10 In the Local Area Connection Properties dialog box select Internet Protocol TCP IP and then click 11 In the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialog box click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically Also click the radio button labeled Obtain DNS server address automatically 12 Click twice to confirm and save your changes and then close the Control Panel CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 3 Quick Start 19 Windows Me PCs
132. plications require in order to work while NAT is enabled NAT Direction The direction inside or outside of the translation A NAT direction is assigned to each port the Ethernet and USB ports are defined as inside ports and the WAN ports are defined as outside ports The NAT direction is determined by the interface on which the rule is invoked Entry Age The elapsed time in seconds of the NAT translation session You can click in the Action column to view additional details about a NAT translation session as shown in Figure 27 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation 67 Figure 27 NAT Translation Details Page In addition to the information displayed in the NAT Translations table this table displays the following for the selected current translation sessions Field Description Translated InAddress The public IP address to which the private IP address was translated In Address The private IP address that was translated Out Address The IP address of the outside destination web ftp site etc In Out Packets The number of incoming and outgoing IP packets that have been translated in this translation session In Ports The actual port number corresponding to the LAN computer Out Ports The port number associated with the destination address Translated In Ports The port number to which the LAN computer s actual port number was
133. pool My LAN PCs cannot display web pages on the Internet Verify that the DNS server IP address specified on the PCs is correct for your ISP as discussed in the item above If you specified that the DNS server be assigned dynamically from a server then verify with your ISP that the address configured on the CellPipe 22A GX is correct then You can use the ping utility discussed on page 153 to test connectivity with your ISP s DNS server Configuration Manager Program I forgot lost my Configuration Manager user ID or password If you have not changed the password from the default try using root as both the user ID and password Otherwise you can reset the device to the default configuration by pressing the Reset button on the back panel of the device three times using a pointed object such as a pen tip Then type the default User ID and password shown above WARNING Resetting the device removes any custom settings and returns all settings to their default values I cannot access the Configuration Manager program from your browser Use the ping utility discussed in the following section to check whether your PC can communicate with the CellPipe 22A GX device s LAN IP address by default 192 168 1 1 If it cannot check the Ethernet cabling Verify that you are using Internet Explorer v5 0 or later or Netscape Navigator v4 7 or later Support for Javascript must be enabled in your browser Support fo
134. ports This chapter describes how to use the Configuration Manager Accessing the Configuration Manager The Configuration Manager program is preinstalled into memory on the CellPipe 22A GX To access the program you need the following A PC or laptop connected to the LAN port on the device as described in the Quick Start chapter A web browser installed on the PC The program is designed to work best with Microsoft Internet Explorer version 5 0 Netscape Navigator version 4 7 or later versions You can access the program from any computer connected to the CellPipe 22A GX via the LAN or USB ports 1 From a LAN computer open your web browser type the following URL in the web address or location box and press lt Enter gt http 192 168 1 1 Or from the USB computer type http 192 168 2 1 These are the predefined IP addresses for the LAN and USB ports on the CellPipe 22A GX A login screen displays as shown in Figure 8 Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 34 Figure 8 Login Screen 2 Enter your user name and password and then click The first time you log into the program use these defaults Default User Name root Default Password root Note You can change the password at any time see Changing Your Login Password on page 39 The user name cannot be changed The System View page on the Home tab displ
135. r Java may also be required Verify that the PC s IP address is defined as being on the same subnet as the IP address assigned to the LAN port on the CellPipe 22A GX My changes to Configuration Manager are not being retained Be sure to use the Commit function after any changes This function is described on page 40 CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Appendix C Troubleshooting 153 Diagnosing Problem using IP Utilities ping Ping is a command you can use to check whether your PC can recognize other computers on your network and the Internet A ping command sends a message to the computer you specify If the computer receives the message it sends messages in reply To use it you must know the IP address of the computer with which you are trying to communicate On Windows based computers you can execute a ping command from the Start menu Click the Start button and then click Run In the Open text box type a statement such as the following ping 192 168 1 1 Click You can substitute any private IP address on your LAN or a public IP address for an Internet site if known If the target computer receives the message a Command Prompt window displays like that shown in Figure 67 Figure 67 Using the ping Utility If the target computer cannot be located you will receive the message Request timed out Using the ping command you can test whether the path to the CellPipe 22A GX is workin
136. r the device s connections are up and working This takes only a few seconds and the results for each test are displayed on screen A test may be skipped if the program determines that no suitable interface is configured on which to run the test You can click Help to display an explanation of each test Work with your ISP to interpret the results of the diagnostic tests CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 20 Administrative Tasks 143 Modifying Port Settings Overview of IP port numbers The header information in an IP data packet specifies a destination port number Routers use the port number along with the specified IP addresses to forward the packet to its intended recipient For example all IP data packets that the CellPipe 22A GX receives from the Internet specify the same IP address your public IP address as the destination However depending on the port number contained in a data packets the CellPipe 22A GX may pass the packet on to its embedded Web or Telnet servers or to another computer on the network The Internet community has developed a list of common server types such as HTTP Telnet e mail and many others and assigned a unique port number to each These are not mandatory but are useful in promoting communication between separately administered LANs Modifying the CellPipe 22A GX device s port numbers In some cases you may want to assign non standard port numbers to the HTTP and
137. ration Manager 37 Table Heading Description LAN Interfaces Displays the software names and various settings for the device interfaces that communicate directly with your network These typically include an Ethernet interface named eth 0 and may include a USB interface named usb 0 For information on modifying properties of these interfaces see Chapter 5 Services Summary Displays the following services that the CellPipe 22A GX performs to help you manage your network o NAT Translating private IP addresses to your public IP address Chapter 1 o IP Filter Setting up filtering rules that accept or deny incoming or outgoing data Chapter 18 o RIP Enabling router to router communication Chapter 1 o DHCP Relay Enabling dynamic assignment of IP information from your ISP to your computers Chapter 7 o DHCP Client Enabling dynamic assignment of IP information from your ISP or another computer on your network to the device s LAN port Chapter 5 o DHCP Server Enabling dynamic assignment of IP information from the device s built in DHCP server to your LAN computers Chapter 7 o IGMP Enabling message forwarding from external sources such as your ISP based on Internet Group Management Protocol not configurable Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 38 Changing System Information You can change the system date and time whic
138. ress of the first hop the data should take This table is known as the device s routing table To view the CellPipe 22A GX device s routing table click the Routing tab The IP Route page displays by default as shown in Figure 35 Figure 35 IP Route Table Page The IP Route Table displays a row for each existing route These include routes that were predefined on the device routes you may have added and routes that the device has identified automatically through communication with other devices The routing table should reflect a default gateway which directs outbound Internet traffic to your ISP This default gateway is shown in the row containing destination address 0 0 0 0 Chapter 10 Configuring IP Routes CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 84 The following table defines the fields in the IP Routing Table Field Description Destination Specifies the IP address of the destination computer The destination can specified as the IP address of a specific computer or an entire network It can also be specified as all zeros to indicate that this route should be used for all destinations for which no other route is defined this is the route that creates the default gateway Netmask Indicates which parts of the destination address refer to the network and which parts refer to a computer on the network Refer to Appendix A for an explanation of network masks The default gateway uses a netmask of 0 0 0
139. rify a user s identity such as by prompting for a password binary The base two system of numbers that uses only two digits 0 and 1 to represent all numbers In binary the number 1 is written as 1 2 as 10 3 as 11 4 as 100 etc Although expressed as decimal numbers for convenience IP addresses in actual use are binary numbers e g the IP address 209 191 4 240 is 11010001 10111111 00000100 11110000 in binary See also bit IP address network mask bit Short for binary digit a bit is a number that can have two values 0 or 1 See also binary bps bits per second bridging Passing data from your network to your ISP and vice versa using the hardware addresses of the devices at each location Bridging contrasts with routing which can add more intelligence to data transfers by using network addresses instead The CellPipe 22A GX can perform both routing and bridging Typically when both functions are enabled the device routes IP data and bridges all other types of data See also routing broadband A telecommunications technology that can send different types of data over the same medium DSL is a broadband technology broadcast To send data to all computers on a network DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP automates address assignment and management When a computer connects to the LAN DHCP assigns it an IP address Appendix D Glossary CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 156 from a
140. rmine whether it meets criteria set forth in the rule The criteria can include the size of the packet the network or internet protocol it is carrying the direction in which it is traveling for example from the LAN to the Internet or vice versa the IP address of the sending computer the destination IP address and other characteristics of the packet data If the packet matches the criteria established in a rule the packet can either be accepted forwarded towards its destination or denied discarded depending on the action specified in the rule Viewing your IP filter configuration To view your current IP filter configuration log into Configuration Manager click the Services tab and then click IP Filter in the task bar The IP Filter page displays as shown in Figure 53 Figure 53 IP Filter Page The IP Filter Configuration page displays global settings that you can modify and the IP filter rule table which shows all currently established rules See Creating IP filter rules on page 124 for a description of the items that make up a rule When rules are defined you can use the icons that display in the Actions column to edit delete and view details on the corresponding rule CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols 123 Configuring IP filter global settings The IP Filter Configuration page enables you to configure the following
141. rn it back on Internet Access My PC cannot access Internet Use the ping utility discussed in the following section to check whether your PC can communicate with the CellPipe 22A GX device s LAN IP address by default 192 168 1 1 If it cannot check the Ethernet cabling If you statically assigned a private IP address to the computer not a registered public address verify the following Check that the gateway IP address on the computer is your public IP address see the Quick Start chapter Part 2 for instructions on viewing the IP information If it is not correct the address or configure the PC to receive IP information automatically Appendix C Troubleshooting CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 152 Problem Troubleshooting Suggestion Verify with your ISP that the DNS server specified for the PC is valid Correct the address or configure the PC to receive this information automatically Verify that a Network Address Translation rule has been defined on the CellPipe 22A GX to translate the private address to your public IP address The assigned IP address must be within the range specified in the NAT rules see Chapter 1 Or configure the PC to accept an address assigned by another device see the Quick Start Part 2 The default configuration includes a NAT rule for all dynamically assigned addresses within a predefined pool see the instructions in Chapter 7 to view the address
142. rom 0 to 255 and separated by dots periods e g 20 56 0 211 These numbers are called from left to right field1 field2 field3 and field4 This style of writing IP addresses as decimal numbers separated by dots is called dotted decimal notation The IP address 20 56 0 211 is read twenty dot fifty six dot zero dot two eleven Structure of an IP address IP addresses have a hierarchical design similar to that of telephone numbers For example a 7 digit telephone number starts with a 3 digit prefix that identifies a group of thousands of telephone lines and ends with four digits that identify one specific line in that group Similarly IP addresses contain two kinds of information Network ID Identifies a particular network within the Internet or intranet Host ID Identifies a particular computer or device on the network The first part of every IP address contains the network ID and the rest of the address contains the host ID The length of the network ID depends on the network s class see following section Table 3 shows the structure of an IP address Table 3 IP Address structure Field1 Field2 Field3 Field4 Class A Network ID Host ID Class B Network ID Host ID Class C Network ID Host ID Here are some examples of valid IP addresses Class A 10 30 6 125 network 10 host 30 6 125 Class B 129 88 16 49 network 129 88 host 16 49 Class C 192 60 201 11 network 192 60 201 host 11
143. rovide alternatives when one of the servers is down or is encountering heavy traffic ISPs typically provide primary and secondary DNS addresses and may provide additional addresses Your LAN PCs learn these DNS addresses in one of the following ways Statically If your ISP provides you with their DNS server addresses you can assign them to each PC by modifying the PCs IP properties Dynamically from a DHCP pool You can configure the DHCP Server feature on the CellPipe 22A GX and create an address pool that specify the DNS addresses to be distributed to the PCs Refer to Chapter 7 Configuring DHCP Server on page 53 for instructions on creating DHCP address pools In either case you can specify the actual addresses of the ISP s DNS servers on the PC or in the DHCP pool or you can specify the address of the LAN port on the CellPipe 22A GX e g 192 168 1 1 When you specify the LAN port IP address the device performs DNS relay as described in the following section Note If you specify the actual DNS addresses on the PCs or in the DHCP pool the DNS relay feature is not used Chapter 9 Configuring DNS Server Addresses CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 78 Configuring DNS Relay When you specify the device s LAN port IP address as the DNS address then the ADSL Ethernet automatically performs DNS relay i e because the device itself is not a DNS server it forwards domain name lookup reque
144. rule with ID 1 through 4 Follow these instructions to add a Pass rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 68 for detailed instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select PASS as the Rule Flavor and enter a Rule ID 2 Select the interface on which this rule will be effective 3 In the Local Address From and Local Address To fields type the lowest and highest IP addresses that define the range of private address you want to be passed without translation If you want the Pass rule to act on only one address type that address in both fields 4 Follow steps 7 12 under The NAPT rule on page 68 to submit your changes 77 9 Configuring DNS Server Addresses About DNS Domain Name System DNS servers map the user friendly domain names that users type into their Web browsers e g yahoo com to the equivalent numerical IP addresses that are used for Internet routing When a PC user types a domain name into a browser the PC must first send a request to a DNS server to obtain the equivalent IP address The DNS server will attempt to look up the domain name in its own database and will communicate with higher level DNS servers when the name cannot be found locally When the address is found it is sent back to the requesting PC and is referenced in IP packets for the remainder of the communication Assigning DNS Addresses Multiple DNS addresses are useful to p
145. s a second dialog box displays to prompt you to attach the USB cable as shown in Figure 4 Figure 4 USB Driver Installation DSL Installer 8 Attach the USB cable to the CellPipe 22A GX and to your PC The USB cable provided has a flat connector on one end called Type A and a square connector on the other Type B Connect the flat connector to your PC and the square connector to the CellPipe 22A GX A window displays briefly indicating that the system has found new hardware 9 If a Microsoft digital signature dialog box displays click to continue The System Settings Change dialog box displays to prompt you to restart your computer as shown in Figure 5 Figure 5 USB Driver Installation System Settings Change Chapter 3 Quick Start CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 26 10 Click to restart your computer When your computer finishes rebooting make sure that the Lucent installer program displays as an item on your Windows Start menu 11 Click the Start button point to Programs Lucent DSL Modem and click on Configure The DSL Modem Installer dialog box should display as shown in Figure 6 Figure 6 DSL Modem Installer Dialog Box This step is only verification You do not need to access the configuration program at this time 12 Click You are now finished installing the necessary driver Proceed to Part 2 to configure IP properties on the USB PC CellPipeTM 22A GX ADS
146. s Control MAC address Routers are considered more intelligent and flexible devices than bridges and often provide a variety of security and network administration services based on the IP protocols Using the Bridging Feature Although the CellPipe 22A GX is preconfigured to serve as a router for providing Internet connectivity to you LAN there are several instances in which you may also want to configure bridging Your ISP may use protocols that require bridging with your LAN The device can be configured to appear as a bridge when communicating with your ISP while continuing to provide router functionality for your LAN Your LAN may include computers that communicate using layer 3 protocols other than the Internet Protocol These include IPX and AppleTalk In this case the device can be configured to act as a bridge for packets that use these protocols while continuing to serve as a router for IP data CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 16 Configuring Bridging 115 Defining Bridge Interfaces To enable bridging you simply specify the device interfaces on which you want to bridge data and then enable bridging mode 1 Log into Configuration Manager and click the Bridging tab The Bridge Configuration page displays as shown in Figure 50 Figure 50 Bridge Configuration page The table may be empty if bridging has not yet been configured 2 Select the interface names on which y
147. s from this pool If no value is specified then the appropriate LAN eth 0 or USB usb 0 port address on the device will be distributed to each PC as its gateway address depending on how each is connected See Hops and gateways on page 82 for an explanation of gateway addresses DNS SDNS Address The IP address of the Domain Name System server and Secondary Domain Name System server to be used by computers that receive IP addresses from this pool These DNS servers translate common Internet names that you type into your web browser into their equivalent numeric IP addresses Typically these servers are located with your ISP SMTP SWINS optional The IP addresses of devices that perform various services for computers that receive IP addresses from this pool such as the SMTP or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol server which handles e mail traffic Contact your ISP for these addresses 4 When you are done defining the pool click A confirmation page displays briefly to indicate that the pool has been added successfully After a few seconds the DHCP Server Pool Add page displays with the newly added pool 5 Follow the instructions in Setting the DHCP Mode on page 60 to enable the DHCP Server CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 57 Viewing modifying and deleting address pools To view modify or delete an existing addr
148. set of protections because they originate within the network The term DMZ de militarized zone in Internet networking terms refers to computers that are available for both public and in network accesses such as a company s public Web server Packets incoming on a DMZ interface whether from a LAN or external source are subject to a level of protection that is in between those for public and private interfaces RFC 1577 Specifies whether the IPoA protocol to be used complies with the IEFT specification named RFC 1577 Classical IP and ARP over ATM contact your ISP if unsure Lower interface IPoA interfaces are defined in software and then associated with lower level software and hardware structures at the lowest level they are associated with a physical port the WAN port This field should reflect an interface name defined in the next lower level of software over which the IPoA interface will operate This will be an ATM VC interface such as aal5 0 as described in Chapter 1 Peer IP Address The IP address of the remote computer you will be connecting to via the WAN interface Config IP Address and Netmask The IP address and network mask you want to assign to the interface Gateway Address The external IP address that the CellPipe 22A GX communicates with via the IPoA interface to gain access to the Internet This is typically an ISP server Status A green or red ball will display to indicate that the i
149. slation service so that the private addresses can be translated to your public IP address on the Internet If your ISP performs the DCHP server function for your network then you can configure the device as a DHCP relay agent When the CellPipe 22A GX receives a request for Internet access from a computer on your network it contacts your ISP for the necessary IP information and then relays the assigned information back to the computer If you have another PC or device on your network that is already performing the DHCP server function then you can configure the device s LAN port to be a DHCP client of that server as are your PCs This configuration is described in Chapter 5 Note You can input settings for both DHCP server and DHCP relay mode and then activate either mode at any time Deactivated settings are retained for your future use CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 53 Configuring DHCP Server Note Before you begin be sure to configure your PCs to accept DHCP information assigned by a DHCP server For detailed instructions see the Quick Start chapter Part 2 Configuring Your Computers To set up DHCP server you first define the ranges of IP addresses that you want to be distributed to your PCs called DHCP server address pools Guidelines for creating DHCP server address pools IP address pools can contain multiple publ
150. sts from the LAN PCs to a DNS server at the ISP It then relays the DNS server s response to the PC When performing DNS relay the CellPipe 22A GX must maintain the IP addresses of the DNS servers it contacts It can learn these addresses in either or both of the following ways Learned through PPP If the device uses a PPP connection to the ISP the primary and secondary DNS addresses can be learned via the PPP protocol To use this method the Use DNS checkbox must be selected in the PPP interface properties See Chapter 0 for instructions on configuring your PPP interface Note that you cannot change this property by modifying an existing PPP interface you must delete the interface and recreate it with the new setting Using this option provides the advantage that you will not need to reconfigure the PCs or the CellPipe 22A GX if the ISP changes their DNS addresses Configured on the CellPipe 22A GX You can use the device s DNS feature to specify the ISP s DNS addresses If the device also uses a PPP interface with the Use DNS property enabled then these configured addresses will be used in addition to the two addresses learned through PPP If Use DNS is not enabled or if a protocol other than PPP is used such as EoA then these configured addresses will be used as the primary and secondary DNS addresses Follow these steps to configure DNS relay 1 Configure the LAN PCs to use the CellPipe 22A GX s LAN IP address as
151. t Action The action accept deny or unknown being taken on data coming into or going out on the interface This action is specified in the rule definition Actions Provides a icon you can click on to delete the IP session When you delete a session the communication between is discontinued You can click to display newly accumulated data CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 18 Configuring IP Filters and Blocking Protocols 133 Blocking Protocols The Blocked Protocols feature enables you to prevent the CellPipe 22A GX from passing any data that uses a particular protocol Unlike the IP filter feature you cannot specify additional criteria for blocked protocols such as particular users or destinations However when you are certain that a particular protocol is not needed or wanted on your network this feature provides a convenient way to discard such data before it is passed To display the Blocked Protocols page click the Services tab and then click Blocked Protocols in the task bar The Blocked Protocols page displays as shown in Figure 58 Figure 58 Blocked Protocols Page WARNING Blocking certain protocols may disrupt or disable your network communication or Internet access If you are unfamiliar with how your network or Internet connection uses these protocols contact your ISP before disabling The following list describes each of the available protocols Protocol Descript
152. t LAN Address Provides options for how the device s LAN port is assigned an IP address o Manual indicates that you will be assigning a static IP address which you can enter in the fields below o External DHCP Server indicates that your ISP will be assigning an IP address from their own DHCP server to the port dynamically each time you log on o Internal DHCP Server indicates that you have a DHCP server device on your network that will assign an address to the port If you choose either the internal or external server option the LAN port is called a DHCP client of the server Note that the public IP address assigned to you by your ISP is not your LAN IP address The public IP address identifies the WAN ADSL port on your CellPipe 22A GX to the Internet LAN IP Address and Network Mask The IP address and network mask for the port See Appendix A for and overview of IP addresses and masks 2 Enter an IP address and mask in the fields provided and choose Disabled in the Use DHCP field or enable either a remote or local DHCP server Keep these points in mind Manually specifying an address If you are using routing services on you LAN such as DHCP and NAT you will want to assign a fixed LAN IP address and mask This ensures that your LAN computers have a fixed address that they use to communicate with the device The IP address you assign must be in the same subnet as your LAN computers that connect to this port that is
153. t need to define IP routes On a typical small home or office LAN the existing routes that set up the default gateways for your LAN computers and for the CellPipe 22A GX provide the most appropriate path for all your Internet traffic On your LAN computers a default gateway directs all Internet traffic to the LAN port on the CellPipe 22A GX Your LAN computers know their default gateway either because you assigned it to them when you modified their TCP IP properties or because you configured them to receive the information dynamically from a server whenever they access the Internet Each of these processes is described in the Quick Start instructions Part 2 On the CellPipe 22A GX itself a default gateway is defined to direct all outbound Internet traffic to a router at your ISP This default gateway is assigned automatically by your ISP whenever the device negotiates an Internet connection The process for adding a default route is described on page 85 You may need to define routes if your home setup includes two or more networks or subnets if you connect to two or more ISP services or if you connect to a remote corporate LAN CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 10 Configuring IP Routes 83 Viewing the IP Routing Table All IP enabled computers and routers maintain a table of IP addresses that are commonly accessed by their users For each of these destination IP addresses the table lists the IP add
154. t on your LAN s hub using the cable provided Chapter 2 Getting to Know the CellPipe 22A GX CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 14 Label Function PWR Connects to the supplied power converter cable Console Serial port connection 15 3 Quick Start This Quick Start provides basic instructions for connecting the CellPipe 22A GX to a computer or LAN and to the Internet Part 1 describes setting up the hardware Part 2 describes how to configure Internet properties on your computer s and how to install the software for using a computer attached to the USB port Part 3 shows you how to configure basic settings on the CellPipe 22A GX to get your LAN connected to the Internet After setting up and configuring the device you can follow the instructions on page 32 to verify that it is working properly This Quick Start assumes that you have already established ADSL service with your Internet service provider ISP These instructions provide a basic configuration that should be compatible with your home or small office network setup Refer to the subsequent chapters for additional configuration instructions Part 1 Connecting the Hardware In Part 1 you connect the device to the phone jack the power outlet and your computer or network WARNING Before you begin turn the power off for all devices These include your computer s your LAN hub switch if applicable and the CellPipe 22A GX S
155. t the device to maintain and use a black list click Enable Click Disable if you do not want to maintain a list Black List Period min Specifies the number of minutes that a computer s IP address will remain on the black list i e all traffic originating from that computer will be blocked from passing through any interface on the CellPipe 22A GX For more information see Managing the Black List on page 120 Attack Protection Click the Enable radio button to use the built in firewall protections that prevent the following common types of attacks o IP Spoofing Sending packets over the WAN interface using an internal LAN IP address as the source address o Tear Drop Sending packets that contain overlapping fragments o Smurf and Fraggle Sending packets that use the WAN or LAN IP broadcast address as the source address o Land Attack Sending packets that use the same address as the source and destination address o Ping of Death Illegal IP packet length DoS Protection Click the Enable radio button to use the following denial of service protections o SYN DoS o ICMP DoS o Per host DoS protection Max Half open TCP Connection Sets the percentage of concurrent IP sessions that can be in the half open state In ordinary TCP communication packets are in the half open state only briefly as a connection is being initiated the state changes to active when packets are being exchanged or closed when the exchang
156. ta takes to reach your ISP See Chapter 1 for more information Interface Sec Type The type of firewall protections that are in effect on the interface public private or DMZ o A public interface connects to the Internet PPP interfaces are typically public Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictive set of firewall protections defined in the software o A private interface connects to your LAN such as the Ethernet interface Packets received on a private interface are subject to a less restrictive set of protections because they originate within the network o The term DMZ de militarized zone in Internet networking terms refers to computers that are available for both public and in network accesses such as a company s public Web server Packets incoming on a DMZ interface whether from a LAN or external source are subject to a set of protections that is in between public and private interfaces in terms of restrictiveness Protocol The type of PPP protocol used Your ISP may use PPP over Ethernet PPoE or PPP over ATM PPoA WAN IP The IP address currently assigned to your WAN DSL port by your ISP Gateway IP The IP address of the server at your ISP that provides you access to the Internet See Hops and gateways on page 82 for a description of gateway addresses Default Route Indicates whether the CellPipe 22A GX should use the IP address assigned to this connection as
157. tem See DNS download 156 DSL defined 156 DSL interface IP address 49 DSL Interval Statistics page 137 DSL Modem Installer dialog box 26 DSL Parameters page 136 DSL Statistics page 136 DSL Status page 135 Dynamically assigned IP addresses 51 EOA defined 103 settings 104 EOA interface 49 EOA Interface Add page 106 EOA page 104 Eth 0 interface defined 31 Ethernet defined 156 Ethernet cable 16 straight through vs crossover 151 Features 11 Filter NAT flavor 73 Filtering rule 156 Firewall 156 settings 118 Firewall Blacklisted Hosts page 120 Firewall Configuration page 117 Front panel 13 FTP 157 Gatewas in DHCP pools 56 Gateway defined 82 Gigabit 157 Hardware connections 15 Home page System View 36 Home Tab 36 Hop 157 defined 82 Hop count 88 157 Host 157 Host ID 145 HTTP 157 HTTP port modifying address 143 Image Upgrade page 141 In line filter See Microfilter Internet 157 troubleshooting access to 151 Intranet 157 IP address in device s routing table 83 IP address pools modifying 57 IP Address Table page 49 IP addresses 157 explained 145 viewing device s 49 IP configuration static 22 CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Index 165 static IP addresses 22 Windows 2000 18 Windows 95 98 20 Windows Me 19 W
158. tep 1 Connect the ADSL cable and optional telephone Connect one end of the provided phone cable to the port labeled ADSL on the rear panel of the device Connect the other end to your wall phone jack You can attach a telephone line to the device This is helpful when the ADSL line uses the only convenient wall phone jack If desired connect the telephone cable to the port labeled PHONE WARNING Although you use the same type of cable the ADSL and PHONE ports are not interchangeable Do not route the ADSL connection through the PHONE port Chapter 3 Quick Start CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 16 Step 2 Connect the Ethernet cable If you are connecting a LAN to the CellPipe 22A GX device attach one end of a provided Ethernet cable to a regular hub port and the other to the Ethernet port on the CellPipe 22A GX If you are using the CellPipe 22A GX with a single computer and no hub you must use a crossover Ethernet cable not provided to attach the PC directly to the device The crossover cable is wired differently than the cable you would use to connect to a hub When you compare the colored wires on each end of a straight through cable they will be in the same sequence on crossover cables they will not Contact your ISP for assistance Step 3 Attach the power connector Connect the AC power adapter to the PWR connector on the back of the device and plug in the adapter to a wall outlet or p
159. th 0 or the name of the appropriate virtual Ethernet interface For communication with your ISP or a remote LAN select the corresponding ppp eoa or other WAN interface See page 49 for a description of various interfaces and their names 4 Select a metric value for the interface RIP uses a hop count as a way to determine the best path to a given destination in the network The hop count is the sum of the metric values assigned to each port through which data is passed before reaching the destination Among several CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 11 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol 89 alternative routes the one with the lowest hop count is considered the fastest path For example if you assign this port a metric of 1 then RIP will add 1 to the hop count when calculating a route that passes through this port If you know that communication via this interface is slower than through other interfaces on your network you can assign it a higher metric value than the others You can select any integer from 1 to 15 5 Select a Send Mode and a Receive Mode The Send Mode setting indicates the RIP version this interface will use when it sends its route information to other devices The Receive Mode setting indicates the RIP version s in which information must be passed to the CellPipe 22A GX in order for it to be accepted into its routing table RIP version 1 is the original
160. that a standard telephone cable called an RJ 11 cable like the one provided is securely connected to the ADSL port and your wall phone jack Allow about 30 seconds for the device to negotiate a connection with your ISP LINK LAN LED does not illuminate after Ethernet cable is attached Verify that the Ethernet cable is securely connected to your LAN hub or PC and to the CellPipe 22A GX Make sure the PC and or hub is turned on Verify that you are using a straight through type Ethernet cable to the uplink port on a hub or a cross over type cable to a stand alone PC If you connected the device to an ordinary hub port not Uplink you must use a straight through cable To check hold the connectors at each end of the cable side by side with the plastic spring facing down Looking at the wires from left to right if the first second third and sixth wires are the same color on the two connectors then it is a straight through type On a cross over type wire 1 on one connector should be the same color as wire 3 on the other The same is true of wires 2 and 6 Verify that your cable is sufficient for your network requirements A 100 Mbit sec network 10BaseTx should use cables labeled CAT 5 A 10Mbit sec network may tolerate lower quality cables DIAG LED stays illuminated after turning the device on The DIAG LED should turn off after about 10 15 seconds If it does not turn off the CellPipe 22A GX wait 10 seconds and then tu
161. their DNS server address by assigning the LAN IP address statically to each PC or by inputting the LAN IP address or the address 0 0 0 0 as the DNS address in the DHCP server pool used by the PCs 2 If using a PPP connection to the ISP click the Use DNS check box so that the DNS server addresses it learns are used for DNS relay Or If not using a PPP connection or if you want to specify DNS addresses in addition to those learned through PPP configure the DNS addresses on the CellPipe 22A GX as follows CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 9 Configuring DNS Server Addresses 79 a Click the Services tab and then click DNS in the task bar The DNS Configuration page displays Figure 34 DNS Configuration Page b Type the IP address of the DNS server in an empty row and click You can enter only two addresses c Click the Enable radio button and then click 3 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 4 Click to save your changes to permanent memory Note DNS addresses that are assigned to LAN PCs prior to enabling DNS relay will remain in effect until the PC is rebooted DNS relay will only take effect when a PC s DNS address is the LAN IP address Similarly if after enabling DNS relay you specify a DNS address other than the LAN IP address in a DHCP pool or statically on a PC then that address will be used instead of the DNS relay a
162. tiple WAN interfaces in both fields type the IP address of the interface to which this rule applies This rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on other WAN interfaces If you have multiple WAN interfaces and want the rule to be enforced on a range of them type the starting and ending IP addresses of the range 8 Click 9 When a page displays to confirm your change click to return to the NAT Configuration page The new rule should display in the NAT Rule Configuration table 10 Ensure that the Enable radio button is selected and then click A page displays to confirm your changes 11 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit and Reboot in the task bar 12 Click to save your changes to permanent memory Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 70 The RDR rule Allowing external access to a LAN computer You can create an RDR rule to make a computer on your LAN such as a Web or FTP server available to Internet users without requiring you to obtain a public IP address for that computer The computer s private IP address is translated to your public IP address in all incoming and outgoing data packets Note Without an RDR rule or Bimap rule described on page 75 the CellPipe 22A GX blocks attempts by external computers to access your LAN computers The following example illustrates using the RDR rule to provide external access
163. tistics 50 IP Route Add 85 IP Route Table 83 IPoA 109 IPoA Interface 111 LAN Configuration 44 NAT Configuration 63 NAT Rule Add BASIC 72 NAT Rule Add Bimap 75 NAT Rule Add Filter 73 NAT Rule Add NAPT 68 NAT Rule Add Pass 76 NAT Rule Add RDR 70 NAT Rule Configuration 65 NAT Rule Global Statistics 64 NAT Rule Statistics 65 NAT Translations 66 NAT Translations Details 67 Port Settings 144 PPP Detail 98 PPP Configuration 95 PPP Interface Add 100 CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User s Guide Index 167 PPP Interface Modify 101 Quick Configuration 28 RIP Configuration 88 RIP Global Statistics 90 System Modify 38 User Password Configuration 39 Parts checking for 13 PASS NAT flavor 76 Password changing 39 default 34 recovering 152 PC configuration 17 PC Configuration static IP addresses 22 Performance statistics 50 Ping 153 159 Port 159 Port numbers using non standard 71 Port settings 143 Port Settings page 144 POTS 159 Power connector 16 PPP 159 settings 96 98 PPP Detail page 98 PPP Configuration page 95 PPP interface 49 PPP Interface Add page 100 PPP Interface Modify page 101 PPPoA 159 PPPoE 159 Protocol 159 Quick Configuration logging in 28 Quick Configuration page 28 RDR NAT flavor 70 Rear Pa
164. to a web server and downloading files from a web server GGP Gateway to Gateway Protocol An Internet protocol that specifies how gateway routers communicate with each other Gbps Abbreviation for Gigabits GIG uh bits per second or one billion bits per second Internet data rates are often expressed in Gbps hop When you send data through the Internet it is sent first from your computer to a router and then from one router to another until it finally reaches a router that is directly connected to the recipient Each individual leg of the data s journey is called a hop hop count The number of hops that data has taken on its route to its destination Alternatively the maximum number of hops that a packet is allowed to take before being discarded see also TTL host A device usually a computer connected to a network HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol HTTP is the main protocol used to transfer data from web sites so that it can be displayed by web browsers See also web browser web site ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol An Internet protocol used to report errors and other network related information The ping command makes use of ICMP IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol An Internet protocol that enables a computer to share information about its membership in multicast groups with adjacent routers A multicast group of computers is one whose members have designated as interested in receiving spe
165. to all NAT rule translations Field Description TCP Idle Timeout sec TCP Close Wait sec TCP Def Timeout sec When two computers communicate via the Internet a TCP based communication session is created between them to control the exchange of data packets The TCP session can be in viewed as being in one of three states depending on the types of packets being transferred the establishing state where the connection is being set up the active state where the connection is being used to transfer data and the closing state in which the connection is being shut down When a NAT rule is in effect on a TCP session in the active state the session will timeout if no packets are received for the time specified in TCP Idle Timeout When in the closing state the session will timeout if no Chapter 8 Configuring Network Address Translation CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 64 Field Description packets are received for the time specified in TCP Close Wait When in the establishing state the session will timeout if no packets are received for the time specified in TCP Def Timeout UDP Timeout sec Same as TCP Idle Timeout but for UDP based communication sessions ICMP Timeout sec Same as TCP Idle Timeout but for ICMP based communication sessions GRE Timeout sec Same as TCP Idle Timeout but for GRE based communication sessions Default Nat Age sec For all other NAT translation sessio
166. tting device The indicator lights on the front of the CellPipe 22A GX are LEDs MAC address Media Access Control address The permanent hardware address of a device assigned by its manufacturer MAC addresses are expressed as six pairs of characters mask See network mask Mbps Abbreviation for Megabits per second or one million bits per second Network data rates are often expressed in Mbps microfilter In splitterless deployments a microfilter is a device that removes the data frequencies in the DSL signal so that telephone users do not experience interference noise from the data signals Microfilter types include in line installs between phone and jack and wall mount telephone jack with built in microfilter See also splitterless NAT Network Address Translation A service performed by many routers that translates your network s publicly known IP address into a private IP address for each computer on your LAN Only your router and your LAN know these addresses the outside world sees only the public IP address when talking to a computer on your LAN NAT rule A defined method for translating between public and private IP addresses on your LAN network A group of computers that are connected together allowing them to communicate with each other and share resources such as software files etc A network can be small such as a LAN or very large such as the Internet network mask A network mask is a sequence of
167. ttom of the page the Detailed Interval Statistic table displays links you can click on to display detailed data for each 15 minute interval in the past 24 hours For example when you click on 1 4 data displays for the 16 intervals 15 minutes each that make up the previous 4 hours Figure 62 shows an example Figure 62 DSL Interval Statistics Page 139 20 Administrative Tasks This chapter describes the following administrative tasks that you can perform using Configuration Manager Viewing System Alarms Upgrading the Software Using Diagnostics Modifying Port Settings You can access these tasks from the Admin tab task bar The other Admin tasks listed in the Admin tab Configuring User Logon and Committing and Rebooting are described in Chapter 4 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager Chapter 20 Administrative Tasks CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 140 Viewing System Alarms You can use the Configuration Manager to view information about alarms that occur in the system Alarms also called traps are caused by a variety of system events including connection attempts resets and configuration changes Although you will not typically need to view this information it may be helpful in working with your ISP to troubleshoot problems you encounter with the device Despite their name not all alarms indicate problems in the functioning of the system Viewing the Alarm Table
168. uest appropriately 4 Select your WAN interface from the drop down list and click Your WAN interface may be named ppp 0 eoa 0 or ipoa 0 Contact your ISP if you are unsure which type of WAN interface you use Note that you can also delete an interface from the table by clicking in the right column Chapter 7 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 60 5 Click A page displays to confirm your changes and then the program returns to the DHCP Relay Configuration page 6 Follow the instructions in Setting the DHCP Mode to set the DHCP mode to DHCP Relay Setting the DHCP Mode You must enable the appropriate DHCP mode to activate your DHCP relay or DHCP server settings Follow these instructions to set the DHCP mode 1 Click the LAN tab and then click DHCP Mode in the task bar The DHCP Configuration page displays as shown in Figure 21 Figure 21 DHCP Configuration Page 2 From the DHCP Mode drop down list choose DHCP Server DHCP Relay or None If you choose none your LAN computers must be configured with static IP addresses 3 Click 4 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 5 Click to save your changes to permanent memory 61 8 Configuring Network Address Translation This chapter provides an overview of Network Address Translation NAT and instructions for modifying the
169. uration RIP and IP and DSL performance monitoring Configuration program you access via an HTML browser System Requirements In order to use the CellPipe 22A GX router you must have the following ADSL service up and running on your telephone line with at least one public Internet address for your LAN One or more computers each containing an Ethernet 10Base T 100Base T network interface card NIC and or a single computer with a USB port An Ethernet hub switch if you are connecting the device to more than one computer on an Ethernet network For system configuration using the supplied web based program a web browser such as Internet Explorer v5 0 or later or Netscape v4 7 or later Chapter 1 Introduction CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 12 Using this Document Notational conventions Acronyms are defined the first time they appear in text and in the glossary Appendix D For brevity the CellPipe 22A GX is sometimes referred to as the device The terms LAN and network are used interchangeably to refer to a group of Ethernet connected computers at one site Typographical conventions Italics are used to identify terms that are defined in the glossary Appendix D Bolded text is used for items you select from menus and drop down lists and text strings you type when prompted by the program Special messages This document uses the following icons to call your attention to s
170. ut broadcasts it to the receiving network making it available to any node on that network On the receiving network a LAN protocol such as Ethernet takes over helping the packet reaches its destination When the bridge does not recognize a packet s destination hardware ID it broadcasts the packet through all of its interfaces to each network it is attached to Chapter 16 Configuring Bridging CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual 114 Note Bridges vs Routers The essential difference between a bridge and a router is that a router uses a higher level protocol such as IP to determine how to pass data IP data packets contain IP addresses that specifically identify the destination computer Routers can read this information and pass the data to the destination computer or determine which next router to send the data to if the destination is not on a connected network Bridges cannot read IP information but instead refer to the hardware ID of the destination computer which is also included in data packets Hardware IDs are unique numbers that manufacturers assign to each piece of hardware they sell A bridge learns to recognize the hardware IDs accessible through each of its ports When it receives a packet the bridge simply forwards the packet through the port it associates with the given hardware ID or through all its ports if it does not recognize the ID The hardware ID is often referred to as the Media Acces
171. vor 75 Binary numbers 149 155 Bits 149 155 Black List 118 managing 120 Blocked Protocols page 133 Bridge Configuration page 115 Bridge forwarding table 113 Bridges vs routers 114 Bridging 155 defined 113 defining interfaces 115 with IP enabled interfaces 115 Broadband 155 Broadcast 155 Bytes 149 Commit amp Reboot page 40 Computers configuring IP information 17 Configuration Manager overview 33 troubleshooting 152 Connectors rear panel 13 Data packet 61 Date and time changing 38 Default configuration 31 Default gateway 82 De militarized zones 123 Denial of Service 118 DHCP defined 51 155 device modes 52 setting operating mode 60 DHCP Address Table page 58 DHCP client defined 51 DHCP Configuration page 53 60 DHCP relay 156 configuring device as 52 59 DHCP Relay Configuration page 59 DHCP server 156 configuring the device as 53 defined 51 modifying viewing pools 57 pools 51 using a LAN device as 52 using existing on LAN 44 using ISP as 52 Index CellPipe 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User s Guide 164 using the device as 52 viewing assigned addresses 58 DHCP Server Pool Add page 55 Diagnosing problems after installation 32 Digital 156 DNS 56 77 156 defined 77 relay 78 DNS Configuration page 79 Domain name 56 156 Domain Name Sys
172. your LAN In most cases this is the address assigned to the LAN port on the CellPipe 22A GX By default the LAN port is assigned this IP address 192 168 1 1 You can change this number or another number can be assigned by your ISP See Chapter 5 for more information The IP address of your ISP s Domain Name System DNS server On each PC to which you want to assign static information follow the instructions on pages 17 through 21 relating only to checking for and or installing the IP protocol Once it is installed continue to follow the instructions for displaying each of the Internet Protocol TCP IP properties Instead of enabling dynamic assignment of the IP addresses for the computer DNS server and default gateway click the radio buttons that enable you to enter the information manually Note Your PCs must have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet as the CellPipe 22A GX s LAN port If you manually assign IP information to all your LAN PCs you can follow the instructions in Chapter 5 to change the LAN port IP address accordingly CellPipeTM 22A GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual Chapter 3 Quick Start 23 Configuring a computer connected to the USB port If you use the CellPipe 22A GX s USB port to connect to a PC you must install the provided USB driver software on the PC The driver enables Ethernet over USB communication with the CellPipe 22A GX Configuring the USB computer is a two part proc

CellPipe 22A-GX ADSL Ethernet Router User Manual

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