8031 SDK User`s Manual
Contents
1. 35 MEMORY MAP PAT 2500 35 CONFIGURATION JUMPERS dvo 35 SERIAL I O nennen hene tetette sse ann sse rh ss es sse nen sse ee sen 35 MEMORY 36 DEVICE ADDRESS cet n Ii 36 MEMORY SPBEDS 24 erroe ce dus Saeed 36 APPENDIX MONITOR COMMAND SUMMARY 2 24 4 2222222 222 22 2 APPENDIX B DEVELOPMENT BOARD SDK 22 22222 5 B APPENDIX C OEM SBC SCHEMATTIIC ei eee eei eee eee ee eere eere erroe pee eR aep aas C APPENDIX D DEVELOPMENT BOARD JUMPERS eee e eee ee eee eee eee eee ette ettet ettet esee D APPENDIX E INTEL HEX FORMAT eee eee eee eee eee eee ettet tette tette teet tete stet testes eese eese nnn E APPENDIX F ERROR 55 F Unknown HEX 22 2 2 0 0 000000 essen reset F Illegal of parameters eese F No RAM at address xxxx set oett at a Os est F i Sio i RERUM i RIRs F UnknoWIEeFEO2. pasnury dio uos LIH R o ov ar oc on Ir at TUTMTE Me OTIO e sT er er az or at apemqersmr ammette m eL Iz LL ac In a ot t Mas Pe UE MUYA UF MU OSU L m adh MA pay s muy Jen dij puneuiy pue mspermpa fuma sa 15 S x PN 72 FINAINTON E ao gt S e 4 nv uv aa ga ow ov M or mor 7 ammo auo anro Lo a w oi SS 2 L i eee Se ee ue t amp e E z Lod ve Xv at en m E Age Lod 1 tv a ev st Lo 22 e ja JL Auot Iq Zr od Lu Lu 1690358 I L i be ww t e n ih en 1 j 5 QW t x ETSI J 2 H IL ar 5 e SERE I on ali 6 aw CS a n mu gt aL mr ug Gib o HD usas Murus Ex cdd ot rj P 90 oL SM AN p a H o 4 so s 0 bo mE w Le m ulod i mm v au HE uM uL s 5 7 amp uv 1 n i t are o m tw za a te Lo ar Ay A Iv
3. x X X External crystal X1 External crystal X2 On Board crystal X1 On Board crystal X2 UA 8k Static RAM UA 32k Static RAM U3 2764 27128 EPROM U3 27256 EPROM U1 to ground CPU external program access mode UI EA to 5v CPU internal program access mode 8 k Static RAM installed 32 k Static RAM installed Normal UI Reset DCE configuration DTE configuration Note Asterisk means the default jumper has been cut a trace on the bottom side of the board Normally the traces are cut prior to being shipped and jumper plugs are installed 8031SDK Page D User s Manual Appendix E Intel Hex Format Intel hex data file formats begin with a 9 character prefix and end with a 2 character suffix The byte count must be equal to the number of data bytes in the record Data record and end of file record are the two types of records The number of bytes per record is variable Each record begins with a colon which is followed by a 2 character byte count The 4 characters following the byte count is the address of the first data byte Each byte is represented by 2 hex digits that equals to the number of bytes in each record It ends with the checksum BCAAAATTHH HACC Start character colon BC The hexadecimal number of bytes in the record If BC 0 the it is the end of file record AAAA Address in hexadecimal of first data byte in the record TT Record type If TT 00
4. the power connector is inserted incorrectly the board WILL BE DAMAGED Please make sure that the power supply connection is correct When using the wall mount power supply PIN 1 of P4 should NOT be connected to anything 8031SDK Page 12 User s Manual P4 is the power connector on the board The wall mount power supply must be connected to pins 2 9v return ground wire with no stripe and pin 3 9 volts wire with stripe The pins on the power connector are assigned as follows Pin Description 1 5 in This pin is if you already have a regulated 5 supply available 2 Ground to wall mounted 9VDC power supply common 3 6v to 12v in to wall mounted 9VDC power supply positive wire This voltage is regulated down to 5 by the on board regulator 3 Type a Enter to trigger the automatic baud rate detection The sign on message 8032 Development Board V x y and a prompt will appear on the terminal At this prompt any of the Development Board commands may be entered Type a question mark at the prompt for a list of commands At this point you have correctly installed and setup the board with your PC The development cycle is usually as follows On the PC edit the program source file using an ASCII text editor Translate the source file into object Hex using an assembler or compiler Load the Hex file into SDK program memory with the LOAD command Test the program using breakpoints and single step to
5. lo 1 lo 11 E So 15 oer Lt 1 1 2159 m d WM ri w 1 1 6 arta n Sa sad TP _ _ 6 4 ot ML w ILL 2 Tax EET n PEt RUNE o ua ALNI ua ET Lo Sole 1 E 1 LO pim e L KIZ Lo 6 1 i 5 do ure amu gt Aw ES C amp KINEZ J Lo amp 4 TAN ader ator 27 eun qne lt nu FL z so 1 s Eo 2 oT e h 4 a 1 D if Lo R Sol a TR THWZASUTT x 3 W v EF Urt X En od LL a z ama o gt 0 lux EL AN m 2 sT a e bol a 95 P mat aT a x 2 2 6 Ww Lav pe i a 1 xv rue 1 fly zz o LE am feo z w z MOLLOY uz t g E 5 5 x User s Manual Page B 8031SDK Appendix C SBC Schematic 8031SDK Page C User s Manual Appendix D Development Board Jumpers Jumper Pins Name Shorted Function WI W2 WI W2 W3 W3 WA W4 w5 w5 W6 W6 W7 W7 WS WS WS WS WS WS WS WS NN
6. Remarks 8031SDK If start_address is specified it will start display from the specified start address If start_address is not specified it will start from the last display pointer If end_address is specified it will end with the specified end address If end_address is not specified it will display 8 lines Dump the contents in bytes of internal data memory DI start_address end_address If start_address is specified it will start display from the specified start address If start address is not specified it will start from zero If end address is specified it will end with the specified end address If end address is not specified it will end at 07Fh Dump the contents of all the main registers and some of the Special Function Registers SFR DR none Dump the contents in bytes of external data memory DX start address end address If start address is specified it will start display from the specified start address If start address is not specified it will start from the last display pointer If end address is specified it will end with the specified end address If end address is not specified it will display 8 lines Transfers complete control to the user program This bypasses the monitor so the Devlopment Board will not respond to a C Since the Monitor is disabled the program will run in real time EXEC start address If start address is specified it will start execute from the specifi
7. Below is a list of useful web sites related to the 8051 family of devices http www hte com The HTE web site has lots of useful information updates free shareware the current version of this manual and links to all the sites listed below plus new and updated information http developer intel com Intel is the originator of the 8051 architecture and has free software utilities that allow automatic configuration of the various 8051 on chip resources http mcu philips com Philips Semiconductors has extensive line of 8051 derivatives and a large collection of application notes on their web page http www atmel com Atmel has 8051 derivatives that incorporate flash program memory and are available in packages as small as 20 pins 8031SDK Page User s Manual Appendix J Memory Maps The memory maps below show the program and data memory address spaces for both normal and overlapped program and data memory 32Kx8 SRAM in UA MEM command Separate Default Program Data Address Space Address Space FFFF Unusedon FFEO SDK Monitor I O FFDF Target system 000 Accessible BR Monitor BDFF User Program T EIC on Target system Accessible 4000 Monitor ROM 0000 i MEM command Overlapped Program Data Address Space Address Space Monitor Monitor FFDF Unused on Unused on 000 SDK SDK 58 Monitor Monitor BDF
8. 0000 and 4000h as that is where the monitor ROM resides Moves the contents in a block of the code program memory to a new location MC start_addr end_addr new_addr Do not try to move a block to a higher memory location within the original block overlapping blocks Switch on board RAM between Separate code and external memory with Overlap code and external memory Normally the 8051 is a Harvard architecture CPU with separate program and data memory address spaces Using this command you can overlap the program and data memory spaces so that the SRAM will respond to either program or data fetch cycles from the CPU See Memory Map for details MEM Toggle memory chip U4 between separate and overlapped program and external data memory When overlapped code and data addresses both access U4 When separated the memories must be accessed with MOVC instructions for getting information from code memory and MOVX instructions for external data memory Page 25 User s Manual Purpose Format PC Purpose Format Remarks PS Purpose Format Remarks RESET Purpose Format Remarks S Purpose Format 8031SDK Moves the contents in a block of the external data memory to a new location MX start addr end addr new_addr Remarks Do not try to move a block to a higher memory location located within the original block overlapping blocks Display and alter the contents of the user Program
9. COO0h MEM command MEM command Separate Default Overlapped Program Data Program Data Address Space Address Space Address Space Address Space Monitor I O FEES Monitor vO Monitor I O FFDF Target system FFDF Unused on Unused on 000 Accessible C000 SDK SDK Monitor BERE Monitor Monitor User BDFF Program n BDFF eraa Memory U4 Target system U4 U4 SRAM Accessible SRAM SRAM 4000 4000 3FFF Monitor 3FFF Monitor Unused on ROM ROM SDK 0000 US 0000 Us 8031SDK Page 34 User s Manual Circuit Description The processor is the 8032 the ROMless version of the 8052 family It has four 8 bit I O ports PO thru P3 PO is used as the data port and also carries the low order eight address bits These bits are latched by the octal latch on the falling edge of the ALE line These are then combined with the high order address bits from P2 to form the full 16 bit address The address decoders are PLD s which decode the three most significant address lines to deliver the chip select and read signals to the external RAM and ROM This decoder provides several different combinations of mapping which are discussed in the section on jumpering The PLD s multiplex other I O port lines as well Memory Map PALs Two 16V8 PLDs are programmed to provide address mapping for Static RAM types of 8k and 32k on board and off board Other mapping may be incorporated by contacting HiTech Equipment for your custom pro
10. Capture high byte OCBh RCAP2L T C 2 Capture low byte OCAh SBUF Serial Data Buffer 099h SCON Serial Control 098h SP Stack Pointer 080h T2CON Timer Counter 2 Control OC8h TCON Timer Counter Control 088h THO Timer Counter 0 high byte 08Ch TLO Timer Counter 0 low byte 08Ah THI Timer Counter 1 high byte 08Dh TL1 Timer Counter 1 low byte O8Bh TH2 Timer Counter 2 high byte OCDh TL2 Timer Counter 2 low byte OCCh TMOD Timer Counter Mode Control 089h These registers are stored in memory as user image during monitor operation These registers are only for the 8032 8052 8031SDK Page 29 User s Manual Description of Monitor Operation Debugging an interrupt routine The Development Board s trace and breakpoint functions are interrupt driven That is an interrupt is generated between each instruction causing the monitor to temporarily take control of the program The trace information is sent to the console and or the breakpoint comparison is made For this reason the trace and breakpoint features are normally disabled inside of interrupt routines Usually the results of interrupts can be seen from within the main body of the program through altered registers memory locations etc This can be observed by running the sample interrupt program provided in the appendix When debugging an interrupt routine the best approach is to trace the operation of the routine as a stand alone module by transferring program control directly to it from t
11. Counter PC new value If new value is specified on the command line it will alter the data in the user program counter to the new value If a new value is not specified on the command line it will display the current data in user program counter and prompt the user with If new data is typed before the terminating CR then that new data will replace the data currently in user program counter If the CR is typed with no preceding data then the user program counter will remain unchanged power up or reset the program counter is set to 4000h When Program Step is ON the step command will not display any instruction code in a CALL routine This is useful when you don t want to see the internal step by step operation of a subroutine and would rather let the subroutine execute to completion before returning to the monitor PS The default is off Typing PS will toggle this option This command clears out all regisisters to the state they would be after a reset power up Refer to the Intel 8051 user manual for details Reset Reset the registers Single step through the program execution beginning at the present program counter and continue to step until the number of steps has expired until the breakpoint is reached S number of steps Page 26 User s Manual Remarks Display 5 DR ACC B 01 00 SP 07 SP 07 octo SB Purpose Format Remarks SC Purpose Format
12. INTR command after each system reset Name of Interrupt 0 External 0 1 Timer 0 2 External 1 3 Timer 1 4 Serial Port 5 Timer 2 8031SDK Page 24 User s Manual LOAD Purpose Format Remarks MC Purpose Format Remarks MEM Purpose Format Remarks 8031SDK Load an absolute Intel Hex file format from the terminal into user program RAM area Load offset_address Normally the optional address is left out and the starting address inside the HEX file to be loaded specifies the beginning of the program The device sending the hex file must be operating at the same baud rate as the terminal This is usually done with an upload command to the terminal emulator of the PC After the hex file is received an escape lt ESC gt will terminate the command and the monitor will report the present location of the load pointer to the terminal If offset_address is not specified offset will default to zero If the positional offset_address is specified it will be added to the load pointer causing the program to be loaded higher in memory than was originally intended The offset wraps around the top of memory so it is possible to load a file into a lower location if desired For example an offset of OFFFE hex will cause the file to load 2 locations lower than origin location The load command will report an check sum error but will not abort the command NOTE Data cannot be loaded between
13. Remarks SI Purpose Format Remarks 8031SDK Dumps main register contents and disassembles code memory as it progresses If number of steps is not specified it will step only once This command displays register values then executes the instruction For example after execution of the Step command the display shows the accumulator to contain 00h before the instruction is executed Execution of a DR command will then show current contents of the registers without executing an instruction DPTR RO GRO R1L CAFRSOxP Opcode PC Mnemonic 0000 35 7A 00 00 00000001 04 4000 INC A DPTR RO GRO R1L CAFRSOxP Opcode PC Mnemonic 0000 35 7A 00 00 00000001 04 4001 INC A Show the current value of a bit and allows a new value to be substituted if desired SB bit address Only the least significant bit of the data entered will be transferred to the address bit location Show the current value in a byte of code program memory and allows a new value to be substituted if desired SC address Pressing CR without entering new data will advance the monitor to the next location without changing memory contents The entered value will be written to the address location specified and will advance the monitor to the next location period must be entered to exit this command Show the current value in a byte of internal data memory and allows a new value to be substituted if desired SI address Pressing CR without
14. entering new data will advance the monitor to the next location without changing memory contents The entered value will be written to the address location specified and will advance the monitor to the next location A period must be entered to exit this command Page 27 User s Manual 5 Purpose Format Remarks TRACE Purpose Format Remarks Note Display VIEW Purpose Format Remarks 8031SDK Show the current value in a byte of external data memory and allow a new value to be substituted if desired SX address Pressing lt CR gt without entering new data will advance the monitor to the next location without changing memory contents The entered value will be written to the address location specified and will advance the monitor to the next location A period must be entered to exit this command Begin program execution and continue until the breakpoint is reached Dumps main register contents and disassembly of code memory as it progresses TRACE start address breakpoint If start_address is specified it will start to execute from the specified start address If start_address is not specified it will start from the present Program Counter PC Breakpoint address must correspond to the locations of opcodes If a breakpoint address lies between opcodes the monitor will not stop as it passes over the breakpoint location This form of breakpoint will not be recognized inside of an int
15. in acc Will not return until character has been received or may not echo character No other registers are affected Sendchar 3F06H Sends character in acc No other registers are affected Sendstr 3F09H Sends a string to the display String is in External memory DP points to string Terminate string with character 8031SDK Page G User s Manual Appendix Using the OEM version of the SBC Essentially the OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer version of the SBC is a minimum configuration version of the Development Board This version is a much lower cost unit lt 50 00US as it does not have the components which are only needed for development of programs It does not have the following items 1 A monitor EPROM On the SBC the user s final program is burned into an and put in the same socket where the monitor EPROM is on the Development Board U3 2 Anexternal serial port On the SBC only one DB 25 connector is present The 8032 s serial port is available at RS 232 levels at the DB 25 connector on the short side of the board The extra serial port present on the Development Board is not needed since code is not developed on the SBC The extra serial port is available as an option however 3 The decoding PALs These are used in the Development Board to decode the addresses used by the UART and to map RAM and EPROM in the 8032 s address space The SBC does n
16. the bus after it is deselected For the program memory this must be less than 75 ns at 11 059 Mhz These times depend on the specific 8051 CPU variant used and the memory and logic devices More information and application note references are available on the subject of timing and can be found on the HTE web site and in the text Embedded Controller Design by Ken Arnold 8031SDK Page 36 User s Manual Appendix A Monitor Command Summary BS CR DEL C S Q X ASM DASM EXEC GO HELP HEX INTR LOAD MEM PC PS RESET 5 VIEW DC DI DR DX FC FI FX MC MX SB 5 5 SX Backspace key used for line editing to correct errors Carriage Return is used to terminated the command string Delete key used for line editing to correct errors Control C Abort the command and return to the command mode Control S Stops scrolling of screen display at any time Control Q Restarts scrolling of screen display Control X Will erase the entire input line and restart the input routine Displays list of commands Assembles 8051 mnemonics and hexadecimal into memory from address Disassembles memory from address to address into 8051 mnemonics and hexadecimal addresses and data Transfers complete control to the user program Begin program execution at start address and continue until the breakpoint is reached Gives list of commands Hex calculator gives sum amp difference of two he
17. then data record If TT 01 then end of file record HH One data byte in hexadecimal notation CC Checksum is the two s complement of binary summation of preceding bytes in record including the byte count address and record type 8031SDK Page E User s Manual Appendix F Error Messages Unknown HEX number Explanation This error is caused by an invalid hex number parameters are entered in hexadecimal Action Enter a valid hexadecimal number Illegal of parameters Explanation This error occurs when the command needs more parameters Action Check the command description for the command No RAM at address xxxx Explanation This error occurs at address xxxx when a command failed to verify after it has written a byte to RAM Action Check the hardware for RAM at xxxx Invalid command Explanation An invalid command was detected Action Correct the invalid command Unknown error Explanation An unknown error was detected This was probably caused by writing to the monitor internal RAM area Action Reset the system 8031SDK Page F User s Manual Appendix G Useful Monitor Routines You can use the development board for purposes other than code development Below are the entry points to the subroutines in our firmware which might be useful These routines for ASCII characters from the host via the external RS 232 port P5 Routine Entry point Description Getchar 3F03H Returns character
18. 2 20 88 9 36a PROCOMM EXE 4 file s 228 333 bytes 2 dir s 70 844 416 bytes free Open the file HELLO31 ASM in Notepad or an equivalent text editor In order to know that you have successfully modified the program when you run it change the line that reads db Oah Hello there Odh Oah to db Oah Hello World Odh Oah Then save the file as HELLONEW ASM note that this must be a plain unformatted ASCII text file without special embedded formatting characters as would be found in a Word proccessing program document file Next at a DOS prompt type the Assembler command and file name C 51TOOLS ASM51 HELLONEW 8051 Cross Assembler Version 1 2h c Copyright by MetaLink Corporation First pass Second pass ASSEMBLY COMPLETE 0 ERRORS FOUND 8031SDK Page 15 User s Manual In this case there were no syntax errors detected by the assembler so you can proceed If there had been any errors you would have to look at the list file LST generated by the assembler Then you will have to edit the ASM file and correct any errors indicated by the assembler Now there will be several new files in the directory HELLONEW ASM 1 047 10 11 98 3 36p HELLONEW ASM HELLONEW HEX 101 10 11 98 3 39p HELLONEW HEX HELLONEW LST 3 098 10 11 98 3 39p HELLONEW LST HELLONEW ASM is the source file we created HELLONEW HEX is the assembled ASCII hex object file we will load in the SD
19. 2H TCON TL2 P3 R3 RCAP2L THO TMOD PCON R4 SBUF TLO Page A User s Manual E E i z T 1 1 BO yen Development Board SDK Schematic Appendix B iumumsm 1 19408 E TIT wor AIT INTENTA sue OASTeos unaoa DAS cos soi lus z lt ETC ES 681 995 6 9 ES Ae E INS 2 Bo og e E 92126 oSsrT ues E dessen dos
20. 400B Opcode PC Mnemonic 0102 4000 AJMP 4002 90400E 4002 MOV DPTR 400E 123F09 4005 LCALL 3F09 123F00 4008 LCALL 3F00 8031SDK Page 17 User s Manual 020000 400B LJMP 0000 Now let s try running the program to see if it works 4000 Hello World lt If everything is correct you should this message Congratulations your program works If you don t see this message check your program for errors and try again After completion the program re enters the monitor which waits for you to press the Enter key and displays the sign on message again You can also run the program at full speed by using the Execute command 4000 Hello World ACC B SP DPTR RO R1 GRO GR1 CAFRSOxP Opcode Mnemonic 24 00 07 401 FF FF FF 00000000 020000 400B LJMP 0000 Note there are two differences between the Go and Execute commands The hello message is printed out faster because the Execute command runs at full speed but does not allow you to stop the program unlike the Go command which allows the user to stop the program with the Control C key e Upon exiting the Go command the monitor displays the registers The differences are covered in the sections on the commands and in the section following the command descriptions Using the Monitor Line Editing The Development Board recognizes the use of the Backspace key BS or the Delete key DEL for the correction of errors made during entry of comma
21. 80315 Software Development Kit User s Manual HiTech Equipment Corporation 9672 Via Excelencia San Diego CA 92126 619 566 1892 Fax 619 530 1458 www hte com info hte com 8031SDK Software Development Kit User s Manual Manual Revision 2 1 December 1998 HiTech Equipment Corporation 9672 Via Excelencia San Diego CA 92126 619 566 1892 Fax 619 530 1458 www hte com info hte com Copyright 1991 1998 by HiTech Equipment Corporation All rights reserved No part of this material may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the express prior written consent of HiTech Equipment Corporation THE FINE PRINT Disclaimer of warranty and limited warranty HiTech Equipment Corporation has attempted to produce a useful high quality product at a reasonable price Every Development Board unit has been fully tested and checked for quality prior to shipment It is warranted to be free of defects in material and workmanship for a period of 90 days after date of purchase During that time period HiTech Equipment Corp will at no charge to the purchaser of record repair or replace any defective unit returned to its Service Department in accordance with the following instructions 1 Phone HiTech Equipment at 619 566 1892 between 9 am and 3 pm Pacific Time and obtain a Return Material Authorization RMA number Do not attempt to return the product without an RMA number 2 Provide HiTech Equipment w
22. 8051 internal serial port and connector P5 an external UART P5 is connected to a ribbon cable with a DB 25 at the end The cable on connector P5 is connected to the COM port of a PC running a communication program and is used for downloading programs from a PC and debugging them independent of the 8051 s port Both ports are RS232 serial Automatic baud rate detection is used for the PC connection and it supports 75 to 38 4k baud with 7 or 8 data bits and no parity Intel Hex down load format 8032 serial port available as RS 232 serial from second DB 25 connector A third TTL level serial port is optionally available when using the Dallas 80C320 controller on connector P3 Parallel I O Port Port 1 of the 8032 is available for user I O on connector P3 In Circuit Emulation and External bus expansion Connector P2 can be used for expansion of the memory and I O on the board By using a 40 conductor cable and 40 pin DIP plug the board can be plugged into the target system s 8032 compatible socket Internal or external crystal selectable via jumpers on the board Generally when the board is used in stand alone mode Jumpers W1 W2 W8 W9 W10 and W11 have a jumper plug installed between pins and 2 For use in the ICE mode the same jumpers the shorting plugs are installed between pins 2 and 3 See Appendix D for details The on board monitor ROM can download user programs into RAM for debugging eliminating the need to program UV or flash
23. Appendix I The term Development Board is used throughout this manual for the 8031SDK The term 8051 is used throughout this manual to represent the immediate 8051 and derivative processors The family is derived from the original 8051 and 8052 CPUs with 4k or 8k of ROM on chip the 8031 and 8032 which require off chip ROM and the 8751 or 8752 which have 4k or 8k of UV erasable PROM on chip Enhancements to the basic 8051 architecture such as the 80C552 are not included Features Operates as a stand alone single board computer SBC e Functions as a simple 8032 In Circuit Emulator ICE in External Address mode e Monitor ROM for program development e Connects to COM port of PC or CRT terminal e The on chip 8051 serial port is available 8032 serial port RS 232 compatible on DB 25 connector Program download and debug via independent serial link Help feature displays available commands Quick program development User programs stored in static RAM Includes RAM for user data Independent serial port used for code development 8032 timers serial port and external interrupts available to user Optional high level language Disassembly of instruction opcodes Low cost OEM version for dedicated applications The Development Board consists of an 8032 microcontroller user program RAM a powerful EPROM based monitor debugger that controls emulator operation and the user serial interface 8031SDK Page 6 User s Manual The Developm
24. E S sii ZG F APPENDIX USEFUL MONITOR ROUTINES ecce eee eee eee eee eee eee teet ettet ettet 2222222 G APPENDIX USING THE OEM VERSION OF THE SBC ecce eee e eere 2222 H APPENDIX I USEFUL WEB SITES eee eee eee eie eee eee eer eror rr er retta rr Etre E Ere ET ea I APPENDIX J MEMORY 8 2 0 00 0 teet tette e eee n nn J APPENDIX K PROBLEM REPORT AND COMMENT 1 0 K Introduction If you re anxious to start using the SDK you can skip ahead to the Getting Started section on PAGE 12 right now For those few people who actually read the instructions first this manual provides a description of the 8031SDK Software Development Kit which can operate as an In Circuit Emulator ICE or as an 8031 Single Board Computer SBC This manual has been written for the reader who is familiar with digital logic and microprocessors or microcontrollers A specific knowledge of the 8051 8031 family is not assumed but it would be advisable for anyone not familiar with this microprocessor family to obtain and read a description of the 8051 family architecture and instruction set A large number of useful documents and sample programs are available from many different web sites listed on the HTE website and many others listed in
25. EPROM during development Power Requires single 5 volt supply at 100 150 mA typical Wall mount AC adapter supplied Dimensions 6 0 inches by 3 5 inches by 1 inch height Environmental Storage temperature range 25 to 100 C Operating temperature range 0 to 50 C 8031SDK Page 8 User s Manual Design Considerations and Limitations If a user program is to be run under the control of the Development Board care must be taken to avoid conflicts in the utilization of the Development Board s resources A description of the Development Board s use of resources follows The Development Board code program address space used for the monitor starts at 0000h User program RAM is located starting at 4000h User programs must be relocated and assembled starting at 4000h including interrupt vectors interrupt service vectors are re mapped to the external RAM with an offset of 4000h For example the external interrupt O vector normally at 0003h is relocated to location 4003h the Timer 0 interrupt normally located at OOOBh is remapped to 400Bh etc development board also uses External RAM area from FFEOh to FFFFh for the external RS 232 port User memory may reside in this area but cannot be accessed but one of the interrupts have been mapped up to begin at location 4000h user RAM space This is the beginning of user RAM space and programs should be ORG d to begin here Only the power up reset interrupt vector has not bee
26. F User User 4000 SFFF Unused on SDK 0000 8Kx8 SRAM in U4 MEM command Separate Default Program Data Address Space Address Space FFFF Unused on FFEO _ SDK Monitor I O FFDF Target system 6000 Accessible aise Monitor 5DFF User Program on Memory Target syst U4 get system SRAM Accessible 4000 Monitor ROM 0000 Us 8031SDK MEM command Overlapped Program Data Address Space Address Space Monitor Monitor VO FFDF Unused on Unused on 6000 SDK SDK FEAR Monitor Monitor SDFF User User Memory Memory U4 U4 SRAM SRAM 4000 3FFF Monitor Unused on SDK 0000 U3 Page J User s Manual Appendix Problem Report and Comment Form Please complete this form if you discover any software or hardware problems documentation problems or would like to suggest product enhancements Duplicate this form if you need additional copies and or attach extra pages if necessary Hardware Problem Documentation Problem Software Problem Product Enhancement Date Serial 4 Product Version 4 Title Company City State Zip Country Phone Ext Please describe the problem how to reproduce it and your suggested correction Or decscribe documention problems or suggest enhancements that you would like to see added to this product Send or fax form to HiTech Equipment Corporation Att
27. K And HELLONEW LST is assembler list file that contains error and status messages from the assembler Now make sure that the SDK power is off green LED is off Then run the terminal emulation program we ll use Procomm for this example C 51TOOLS PROCOMM After the startup screen is displayed push the Enter key until a blue screen appears If this 15 the first time you ve used Procomm then type Alt P and select 9600 N 8 1 selection 11 Then select the COM port you are using on your PC COMI 4 are selections 20 23 and press enter Save your settings by selecting 24 and press enter so you won t need to set them again next time you run Procomm Then connect power to the SDK and press the return key while running Procomm and you should see the following sign on message and prompt HTE 8031 32 DryICE Monitor Version 2 6 10 10 90 Copyright c 1988 89 90 HiTech Equipment Corporation User Internal RAM from 00h to FFh User RAM from 4000h to BEOOh Single Step Interrupt 45 Timer 2 ACC SP DPTR R1 GRO GR1 CAFRsOxP Opcode Mnemonic 00 00 07 0000 FF FF FF FF 00000000 FF 4000 MOV R7 A The is the command prompt In this case we want to load HELLO program hex so we have to tell the monitor we want to load a file so we use the L command 1 After you press the return key the monitor program waits to receive an Intel ASCII HEX formatted file so you must
28. When the SDK is plugged into the target system the memory and I O devices on the SDK will take precedence to those on the target system and overlay them In other words the monitor ROM will occupy the program memory space from 0000 to 4000h and any memory in that range that exists in your target system will be ignored by the SDK Likewise the RAM at locations 4000h BDFFh and I O in the external data memory address space at locations FFEOh to FFFFh on the SDK will preempt use of these locations in your target system These addresses assume the standard 32Kx8 SRAM is installed in U4 See memory maps appendix J for details Memory cycles which access resources on the SDK will not access memory location in the target system via the ICE cable Only accesses to memory addresses which are not implemented on the SDK will access the target system addresses When a user program is executed in the default memory configuration MEM command separate mode it will access program memory on the SDK from 0000h to BDFFh and on the target CPU in the range to FFDFh When the program accesses external data memory it will access data memory on the target system in the range 0000h to FFDFh and the reserved monitor memory mapped I O on the SDK in the range FFEOh to FFFFh When the user program is executed in overlapped memory mode MEM command overlap mode the user program memory SRAM U4 will also appear in external data memory in the range 4000h to
29. at a time into machine language ASM start_address If start_address is specified ASM will start from the specified address If start_address is not specified it will start from where the last ASM command left off After each line of code is entered the machine code the hexadecimal address and the code mnemonics will be displayed ASM will now prompt for the next line of code CR at the prompt will exit ASM If the first character of the line is it will toggle the disassembly feature If the first character of the line is a semicolon it ignores the rest of the line Disassembles translates program memory into Intel 8051 mnemonics their hexadecimal addresses and hexadecimal data This is not a symbolic disassembler DASM start address end address If start address is specified it will start from the specified start address If start address is not specified it will start from the last disassemble pointer If end address is specified it will end with the specified end address If end address is not specified it will disassemble the next 16 instructions After the DASM executed a new disassemble pointer will be saved for the next DASM Dump the contents in bytes of code program memory DC start address address Page 21 User s Manual Remarks DI Purpose Format Remarks DR Purpose Format Remarks DX Purpose Format Remarks EXEC Purpose Format
30. at of the sequence for clarity a Start the program and set a breakpoint at the end of an interrupt routine YYYY Main program Interrupt Service Routine Main weed INTO inde MOV 222 MOV YY YES DJNZ MOV ADD b After reaching breakpoint YYYY execute to a breakpoint within the Main module 7777 c If the interrupt return address on the stack is ZZZZ 1 ZZZZ 2 the program will crash d The probability of this occurring goes up as the size of the Main program loop goes down Consider the case of 8031SDK Page 31 User s Manual A 5 2 bytes S JMP Main 2 bytes A breakpoint set at Main will mess up the next instruction as well If the next instruction is at the interrupt return address the program crashes This will happen 50 of the time By carefully selecting your breakpoints to avoid these pitfalls you can make full and proper use of the features of the monitor 8031SDK Page 32 User s Manual Using the SDK as an ICE SDK may be used as an ICE In Circuit Emulator for 8051 compatible CPUs running in the external program access external bus mode The host system is your PC which is used to communicate with and control the SDK The target system is an 8051 system of your own design which will incorporate an 8051 style CPU and operate independently of the SDK once you have it running properly One end of the ICE cable plugs into t
31. ctively and the effects are immediately apparent on the display The user can easily e Interpret the results of program activity Disassemble program memory to mnemonics Examine modify 8032 internal registers RAM external memory or port contents In conjunction with any computer capable of running an 8051 assembler the Development Board becomes a powerful stand alone program development system The board is capable of supporting up to 64k of program memory and 64K of data memory in two 28 pin JEDEC sockets The board also supports two full Asynchronous RS 232 Serial I O ports The first is used by the monitor to communicate with the PC second is the serial port built into the 8032 processor 8031SDK Page 7 User s Manual Specifications CPU Intel 8032 or other pin compatible Microcontroller clocked by an 11 0592 MHz crystal This frequency makes it easy to generate standard baud rates using the CPU s internal serial port When used as an ICE jumpers allow selection of the on board crystal or the crytal on the user s target system Other crystal values can be used subject to component timing constraints without affecting the serial interface to the Development Board the monitor interface uses a separate UART and crystal Memory Two JEDEC 28 pins sockets 1 Monitor program EPROM and 2 External 32k static RAM for user programs and data Serial I O Ports Two serial ports are available on connector the
32. e HELP Purpose Gives brief list of available commands and their syntax Format HELP Remarks List all commands to terminal 8031SDK Page 23 User s Manual Purpose Format Remarks This command allows the operator to do quick hex calculations such as finding offsets for branch instructions HEX address offset The HEX command adds the offset to the address and displays the hex output It also subtracts the offset from the address and displays its hex output Display Format The HEX function displays 4 hex values the specified address the Example offset the forward jump address and the backward jump address 4AF0 3F 4AFO 003F 4B2F 4AB1 INTR Purpose Format Remarks The monitor requires an interrupt in order to implement single step and trace debugging functions By default the monitor uses one of the interrupts for single step and break points The default is shown in the sign on message and can be changed using the INTR command As a result the selected interrupt is not available for your use This command allows you to change the interrupt used by the monitor If you need to use that interrupt use this command to specify a different interrupt for the monitor to use INTR interrupt_number The default interrupt varies depending upon the specific software and board configuration and is printed as part of the sign on message If you do not want to use the default execute the
33. e property of their owners whoever they may be Table of Contents FEATURES rettet ere E Das PAR 6 In Circuit Emulation and External bus expansion eese eene nnne 8 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS AND 200 9 EXAMPLE PROGRAM HELLO nnn enun 14 STEP BY STEP INSTRUCTIONS vu ier e E e Pee E Eee Er dee Pee Ie END Ed 14 18 DSTART STOP RESTART 2 5 acte ces Stace ces eo tes 19 COMMAND SYNTAX 2 20 DEBUGGING AN INTERRUPT ROUTINE ccccccseeccccsseccccesececcusececsuseccceuuecsseueecsseueeceseuecesseuecesseecessueeceees 30 INTERRUPT SERVICE 85 41 0444 4 2 2144 30 USE OF THE ENHANCED MONITOR BREAKPOINTING FEATURE 30 USING THE SDK AS 22 0 4 4 4 0 erak eraka enne 33 OPERATION OF THE SDK 5 33 SDK MEMORY MAP IMPLICATIONS FOR ICE 34 CIRCUIT 22 2 5 5555 265
34. ed start address If start address is not specified it will start from the present Program Counter PC The monitor must be restarted with a hardware reset after this command Page 22 User s Manual Purpose Fill the code program memory locations with a constant hex value Format FC start address end address value Remarks none Fl Purpose Fill the internal data memory locations with a constant hex value Format FI start address end address value Remarks An attempt to fill the upper half of internal data RAM 80h to OFFh with a constant will overwrite the Development Board monitor work space and may require a hardware reset to recover FX Purpose Fill the external data memory locations with a constant hex value Format FX start address end address value Remarks Do not attempt to fill locations FFEO to FFFF UART GO Purpose Begin program execution and continue until the breakpoint is reached No trace history is given Format GO start address breakpoint Remarks If start address is specified it will start execute from the specified start address If start address is not specified it will start from the present Program Counter PC Breakpoint address must correspond to the locations of opcodes If a breakpoint address lies between opcodes the monitor will not stop as it passes over the breakpoint location Note This form of breakpoint will not be recognized inside of an interrupt routin
35. ent Board provides the user with the ability to debug code for prototype system The OEM version of the board is usually the target for the final application The Development Board has an additional serial port a monitor ROM and RAM for program development This board doubles as in In Circuit Emulator using a 40 pin cable and DIP plug to replace the CPU in the target system This allows the user to develop code on the SDK in advance of having a working target board your hardware design Later when the target board is ready you simply plug the emulator cable into the target board and run your programs to debug and test your application The Development Board permits reading and writing of system memory and control of program execution The Development Board also allows interactive debugging of the prototype software and can externally control program execution Development Board s on board RAM memory permits software debugging without having to program EPROMs It provides powerful functions to assist the designer in the integration debug and test phase of 8031SDK hardware software project development The Development Board provides utility commands such as disassembly trace execute to breakpoint modification of registers memories and downloading programs from another computer In addition the Development Board can prove invaluable as an educational tool for learning the instruction set since instructions can be executed intera
36. errupt routine See S command for detail This command allows you to see when your interrupts are occuring during the execution of your code in the Trace mode The interrupts are also shown during the GO and STEP commands Typing View will toggle the view option on and off View default for view 1s off Page 28 User s Manual Special Function Register Names There are command keyword registers If new value is specified on the command line it will alter the data in the user keyword register to the new value If a new value is not specified on the command line it will display the current data in user keyword register and prompt the user with a sign If new data is typed before the terminating Enter key then the new data will replace the data currently in user keyword register If the Enter key is typed with no preceding data then the user keyword register will be unchanged The keyword registers are as follows ACC IP PSW R5 SCON 0 RO R6 SP TL1 DPH P1 R1 R7 T2CON TH2 DPL P2 R2 RCAP2H TCON TL2 DPTR P3 R3 RCAP2L THO TMOD IE PCON R4 SBUF TLO Register Name Address Accumulator OEOh B B register OFOh DPTR Data Pointer lt n a gt DPL Data Pointer low byte 081h DPH Data Pointer high byte 082h IE Interrupt Enable Control OA8h IP Interrupt Priority Control OB8h PO Port 0 080h Port 1 090h P2 Port 2 Port 3 OBOh PCON Power Control 087h PSW Program Status Word ODOh RCAP2H T C 2
37. find errors Edit the source file to correct the errors and return to step 2 above du mc Ub ES When developing code to be programmed into a non volatile memory such as Flash or uV eraseable EPROM the development cycle is different for step 3 Instead of loading the program into the SDK s program RAM you must load the Hex file into a device programmer erase the device place the device to be programmed into a special programmer and program the device Then turn off the power remove the SDK monitor ROM and replace it with your program EPROM This process takes quite a bit longer than simply loading a file into the SDK memory so you will want to wait to program a device until after you have a working program For most of the development process you will want to download your program from the PC into the SDK s program RAM to test it An example of this process is detailed using the Hello World program that follows to demonstrate the development of assembly language programs on the SDK This example shows code that will send messages to the PC s display which allows you to see diagnostic and debug information while your program is executing The examples that follow use the shareware Metalink 8051 family assembler to translate assembly language source code into a Hex object file for downloading to either the SDK or a device programmer 8031SDK Page 13 User s Manual Example Program Hello World The following program is a
38. gramming needs Configuration Jumpers The Development Board is shipped with the default jumpers installed as shown in Appendix D The jumpers on the Development Board are classified into three groups Serial I O Memory device selection and Memory mapping The memory mapping group is further broken down into two sub groups device address and address field Address field refers to program memory space versus Data memory space Serial l O Jumpering The default jumper installation for the serial I O port is with all modem control lines disabled Incoming DTR and RTS are ignored and the outgoing CTS and DSR are tied high 12v This will allow the Development Board to send to and receive from most standard RS 232 terminal devices Note that the Development Board is configured as an RS 232 DCE like a modem and that a null modem is not required to communicate with a standard PC COM port The monitor does not utilize any of the modem control lines 8031SDK Page 35 User s Manual Memory Mapping The 8051 family of processors are capable of addressing a maximum of 128k of external program and data memory This memory is broken down into two types with the processor being able to address maximum of 64k of program memory read only and a maximum of 64k of data or read write memory Peripheral devices are also usually located in the latter space Both memory fields are addressed using the same 16 address lines During a read the de
39. he P2 connector underneath the SDK and the other end has a 40 pin DIP plug which can be plugged into the target system in place of the CPU chip Then the SDK can be used to develop and debug your programs in the target system by loading your program into the SDK s program RAM Operation of the SDK as an ICE The SDK can be operated as an ICE by plugging the ICE cable into P2 on the bottom of the SDK board and the DIP plug into your target system where the 8051 would have been installed The ICE cable is shown below installed on the P2 connector that is on the bottom of the SDK board Be sure to check the orientation and alignment of the cable to prevent damage to the SDK or your target system DIP plug to be inserted Pin 1 red stripe cable installed near edge of board in target system CPU Socket ICE Cable attached to underside of SDK There are also jumpers which should generally be moved for ICE operation They are W1 and W2 which select the crystal on the SDK or the target system s crystal for clocking the CPU chip The photo below shows how the ICE cable is plugged into a target system s CPU socket In the photo the ICE cable is plugged into another SDK board s CPU socket It almost looks like a case of recursion in hardware but you can t plug an SDK s cable into itself SDK ICE cable plugged into target CPU socket 8031SDK Page 33 User s Manual SDK Memory Implications for ICE Operation
40. he monitor Interrupt Service Vectors All but two of the interrupts have been mapped up to begin at location 4000h user RAM space This is the beginning of user RAM space and programs should be ORG d to begin here Only the power up reset and timer 2 interrupt vectors have not been mapped into user RAM space A typical source program might begin as follows USERRAM EQU 4000h ORG USERRAM 00h JMP start_program jump to the beginning of program ORG USERRAM 03h JMP int_0_routine jump to external 0 interrupt service routine ORG USERRAM 0Bh JMP timer 0 routine jump to timer 0 interrupt service routine With this type of organization once a program has been debugged it may be ROM by simply changing the EQU of USERRAM to 0 and reassembling Use of the Enhanced Monitor Breakpointing Feature The following is a description of how the breakpoint feature has been implemented in the monitor firmware This allows the user of the Development boards to take full advantage of this feature When a breakpoint address is specified that address location as well as the next two addresses are filled with a LJMP monitor instruction a 3 byte instruction When the 8031SDK Page 30 User s Manual program that jump instruction control is returned to the monitor which restores the user s code to the breakpoint address and adjusts the program counter to point to it Implementing a breakpoint function in firmware this way al
41. include the source file name after the command The assembler then translates 8031SDK Page 14 User s Manual the 8051 source code into machine code which be loaded into the SDK board The output file should be in Intel hex format file type HEX as documented in Appendix E Most 8051 assemblers and compilers generate this type of file Then you will issue the LOAD command to the SDK monitor and use your terminal emulator program on the PC to send the HEX file to the SDK in ASCII format Once the program is loaded into the development board you can use the monitor Go Step and Execute commands to run your program Here are the steps to edit and load the Hello World program into the development board and execute the program Before you begin you must have the following files in the default directory named C 51TOOLS in the example below you will be using to develop your program HELLO31 ASM The sample program ASMSI EXE 8051 Assembler program MOD52 A file that contains predefined register names amp addresses Procomm or equivalent terminal emulation program From the DOS prompt you should see something like the following after a directory command C 51TOOLS gt DIR Volume in drive C is CDRIVE Directory of C 51TOOLS 5 51 56 453 04 27 90 12 48 5 51 HELLO31 ASM 1 047 09 26 98 10 54p HELLO31 ASM MOD52 3 761 04 27 90 12 44p MOD52 PROCOMM EXE 167 072 1
42. ith Model Serial Number Proof of Purchase with date Return Address and preferred return shipping method a clear description of the problem experienced and any sample printouts showing the problem if possible 3 Take proper precautions to protect the product during shipping Mark the package FRAGILE and ship via UPS Parcel Post or Air Freight insured and prepaid Be sure the RMA number appears clearly on the box as well as any accompanying correspondence Do not send COLLECT collect shipments will be refused and returned to sender This warranty is void in cases of misuse abuse abnormal conditions of operation or attempts to alter or modify the function of the product or for use within 100 miles of detonation of a nuclear device The firmware and written material are provided AS IS without warranty of any kind even if HiTech Equipment Corporation has been advised of that purpose The entire risk as to the results and performance of the product is assumed by the user Also we do not recommend inserting the board in any body cavities as injury may result HiTech Equipment Corporation makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents or use of this product HiTech Equipment Corporation shall have no liability or responsibility to purchaser or to any person or entity with respect to any liability loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this product including but not li
43. lows the creation of very inexpensive development tools like this SDK but the user must be aware of a few anomalies that can occur when he is debugging his code These anomalies involve the careful selection of breakpoint addresses and manifest themselves as improper user program executions or crashes 1 As mentioned above the code at the breakpoint address is replaced with a 3 byte jump instruction If you set a breakpoint within 2 instructions of the end of a subroutine or where some other program entry point occurs the program will likely crash See example below MOV A R5 SETTING A BREAKPOINT HERE OR THE RET NEXT INSTRUCTION WILL CORRUPT THE TIMERO PUSH PSW 7FIRST INSTRUCTION OF THE TIMER PUSH A INTERRUPT ROUTINE A breakpoint set at the first or second instruction shown will corrupt the first instruction of the timer interrupt causing an extra POP of the PSW which never got pushed eventually causing the stack to go below it s limits and crashing the program 2 If the background routine is very short and the major processing is done in interrupt foreground routines there is a problem which could result from setting a breakpoint in the interrupt routine followed by a breakpoint in the background routine The shorter the background routine is the better the chance is that the interrupt return address is in the middle of the breakpoint you set The following is a repe
44. mited to any interruption of service loss of business or anticipatory profits or consequential damage resulting from the use or operation of this product This device is not intended for use in life support or life critical equipment Essentially if you do something stupid don t blame us you re on your own HiTech Equipment Corporation reserves the right to make changes to any and all part of this product at any time without obligation to notify any person or entity of such changes and does not represent a commitment on the part of HiTech Equipment Corporation So there Warranty Registration Each product is shipped with a unique serial number found on the bottom of the board Please take a moment to completely fill out and return the registration card This will assure prompt service in the unlikely event a problem occurs If your company insists on ISO900X certification please be aware that this only means that we will follow documented procedures no matter how foolish they may be Just so you know our first documented standard procedure following a customer request for ISO 9001 certification is to laugh in your face and double the price Trademarks 8031 SDK is a trademark of HiTech Equipment Corporation IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation 8031 and 8051 are trademarks of Intel Corporation Other trademarks are th
45. n Technical Support 9672 Via Excelencia 619 566 1892 San Diego CA 92126 Fax 619 530 1458 http www hte com Or e mail techsupport hte com 8031SDK Page K User s Manual
46. n mapped into user RAM space User interrupt service routines are delayed in the Execute mode since there is a code in the monitor ROM which redirects execution to the user program memory starting at location 4000h The Development Board utilizes 128 bytes from 80 hex through FF hex in the Internal RAM area of the 8032 In addition the Development Board requires 8 bytes of user stack space The Development Board uses the one of the interrupts for its trace and breakpoint facility interrupt used by the monitor can be selected with the monitor s INTR command The default interrupt used by the monitor is displayed as part of the sign on message displayed when the SDK is first powered up or reset The corresponding interrupt enable and priority register bits affecting operation of the selected interrupt should not be modified or the single step and breakpoint features will not work The user s program should avoid changing these bits The Development Board is configured for expanded multiplexed address data bus mode EA pin grounded It can be used in the single chip mode only if it is used with a special version of the CPU such as the 8052AHBASIC chip Because of this ports PO and P2 are not available for I O Port bits P3 6 and P3 7 are used for Read and Write lines and may not be used as discrete port bits Clearing either of these bits will disrupt operation of the monitor 8031SDK Page 9 User s Manual Operating the Develo
47. nds This echoes as BS space BS to the terminal The command line will not be read by the Development Board until it is either terminated by a Carriage Return CR or exceeds 32 characters A Control X will erase the entire input line and restart the input routine 8031SDK Page 18 User s Manual Start Stop Restart For commands producing a large amount of output display you can type a Control S to stop the scrolling of information on the terminal Typing any character including Control S will restart the flow of information Typing a Control C will return the Development Board to the command mode 8031SDK Page 19 User s Manual Command Syntax Notation The syntax of each command is described with a simple notation system The command notation shows what command keywords to use indicates the parts of the command that can be omitted or included at the user s option and shows the places in the command where the user has a choice of several kinds of entries The following is used in command syntax notation Keywords are shown in ALL CAPS Parameters are numeric entries and are shown in lower case and entered as hexadecimal values Leading zeros are not required Required entries are shown without square brackets Optional entries are shown in square brackets Command and first parameter must be separated by an space Parameters must be separated by commas or spaces The command is acted on only after you enter a Ca
48. ot need memory decoding so these connections must be jumpered as follows For U5 Connect For U6 Connect a pins 5 and 16 a pins 9 and 19 b pins 8 and 14 b pins 13 and 20 c pins 9 and 13 Once code development has been completed on the Development Board it is ready to be programmed into an EPROM and installed in SBCs In order to do this though the program must first be assembled with its origin starting at 0000h If the program has been written as shown in the section on Interrupt Service Vectors then this is simply a matter of changing the USERRAM equate to 0000h After the program has been reassembled it is ready to be programmed into an EPROM and run in the SBC In addition the code can be contained in an 8051 variant that has internal memory such as the 8051 BASIC chip In this case the processor must be told to execute code internally This is done by cutting the trace shorting pins 1 and 2 of jumper 3 and installing a jumper connector on pins 2 and 3 The following is the pinout for the power connector Pin Description 1 5v This pin is used instead of pin 1 if you already have a regulated 5v supply available However if there is no on board regulator this pin must be used to deliver power to the board 2 Ground 3 Ifa voltage regulator is installed in U9 6v to 12v may be applied to this pin This voltage is regulated down to 5v U9 8031SDK Page H User s Manual Appendix Useful Web sites
49. pment Board Note This board has MOS devices which can be damaged if exposed to electrostatic fields and discharges Grounded conductive workstations and standard precautions should be used to prevent device damage A typical configuration for debugging development purposes would include e 8032 SDK Development Board RS 232 cable e Dumb terminal or IBM PC XT AT with a terminal program e An 8051 Assembler or Compiler Serial I O Connection The 8051 serial port is available for use in your application as the PC communicates with the development board using a separate debug serial port This allows you to develop programs which make use of the 805176 on chip serial port without interference with monitor operations Once your design is complete the final hardware can be implemented without the PC debug serial port to reduce cost and complexity The monitor program communicates with the PC terminal via the second serial port not P1 since it is connected to the 8032 s on chip serial port The second port used for connecting to the PC during development is available on connector P5 The monitor program communicates through the PC debug port on the Development Board It will interface to any standard DTE RS 232 asynchronous serial I O device set up with 7 or 8 data bits and no parity The baud rates supported are 38400 7200 2000 1050 200 110 19200 4800 1800 600 150 75 9600 2400 1200 300 134 5 50 Use of the higher baud ra
50. rriage Return CR or exceed 32 characters If the starting address is omitted from commands which require a starting address it may default to the address immediately past the end of the last command If an ending address is not supplied for display commands requiring an ending address the the command will output either 8 or 16 lines of information Only enough characters to uniquely identify the command need be typed Commands can be entered in uppercase lowercase or a combination of both Special Characters BS Backspace key is used for line editing to correct errors CR Carriage Return is used to terminated the command string DEL Delete key is used for line editing to correct errors ESC Escape key is used to abort command executing and return to the 5 Q X command mode Control C Abort command executing and return to the command mode Control S Stops scrolling of screen display at any time Control Q Restarts scrolling of screen display Control X Will erase the entire input line and restart the input routine 8031SDK Page 20 User s Manual Monitor Commands Purpose Format Remarks ASM Purpose Format Remarks DASM Purpose Format Remarks DC Purpose Format 8031SDK Gives list of available commands List all available commands to terminal same as the Help command Assembles mnemonics instructions one line
51. select the file upload function in your terminal emulator to 8031SDK Page 16 User s Manual send the ASCII HELLONEW HEX to the board In Procomm you press the PageUp key which opens a menu with several file transfer options as shown below 1 0 3 Q Protocol 7 a lt 0 Select option 7 ASCII and when you press Enter Procomm asks for name of the file to upload t ASCII UPLOAD i FILENAME HELLONEW HEX If the HEX file is not in the same directory as PROCOMM you must include the complete directory path Procomm then loads the file into memory at the default location 4000h which is where your program will generally start when running on the development board under the monitor When the download operation is complete there is a beeping noise this is usually a second or two at most and you will need to press the Escape key until the monitor displays the Next Address XXXX message and the prompt as shown Next Address 401F The Next Address prompt indicates the next available program memory location which is the byte following the program we just loaded into program memory At this point our program is in memory and ready to run but just to be sure we can take a look at the beginning of the program by using the disassemble command DASM DASM 4000
52. sired field is selected by the use of the RD for data memory or the PSEN for program memory lines The Development Board has a jumper field associated with each memory socket to allow the location of that device in either external RAM space program memory space or both In the last option the device will appear at the same address in both spaces This option is required for operation of the monitor during program development or in any operation which requires having the CPU write into it s own program memory space This limits the system to a total of 64k of memory but once program development is done the Development Board can be jumpered for its full 128k range Device Address The Development Board is set up to support the development monitor EPROM in U3 and 32k Static RAM devices in location U4 These may be changed by alteration of the jumpers as shown in the schematic See Appendix D for more details Memory Speeds Two important memory timing specifications must be met when adding memory devices to the Development Board most common timing consideration when selecting memory devices in their response time from receiving a chip select and valid address to their placing data on the bus Note that the times required by the 8051 differ depending on whether the read is from data or program memory see the 8051 Data Sheet The other timing specification which must be considered is the time required by the device before it releases
53. tes will usually work but rates above 9600 may cause problems with some computers and operating systems because the PC program may not be able to keep up with the incoming data rate If the display of large blocks of data such as a memory dump are uneven or missing characters reduce the baud rate to 9600 and try again The default configuration of the Development Board s serial I O port is 8 data bits stop bit no parity This will work with most configurations including those set for 7 data bits However when a long serial data stream is sent to the Development Board such as with the Load command problems may occur if there is a mismatch in the data bits setting Serial Cable wiring DB 25 CRT Terminal Function 2 Receive Data 3 Transmit Data 8031SDK Page 10 User s Manual 4 Clear to Send 5 Ready to Send 7 Signal Ground The Development Board does not use hardware or XON XOFF software handshake The 8032 s serial port is made available on the connector mounted on the short side of the Development Board P1 The included 11 0592 MHz crystal is chosen to allow standard baud rates to be generated by the 8032 s timers 8031SDK Page 11 User s Manual Getting Started P5 Connect ribbon cable and to PC COM port i 2 24 gt n lt T eat A Pin 2 9V return Black wire from Power supply B Pin 3 9VDC jQ Black wire with White s
54. tripe yet Ty FP doi c 1 i b Ve 2 m tm mee J Ll al e P LO 4 L aoe Power Connector P4 Note proper P5 Pin 1 goes to pin 1 red stripe of cable 1 Attach the ribbon cable to the board connector P5 Be careful to orient the ribbon connector so that pin 1 of the connector is near R2 The female DB 25 connector should be plugged into the PC s COM serial port If your PC s COM port has a 9 pin connector you will need to use a 25 pin male to 9 pin female adapter DO NOT use a null modem adapter Your PC should be running a terminal emulation program such as PROCOMM Windows Terminal program Win95 98 s Hyperterminal program may also work but some versions contain bugs that can be problematic and it may lose characters on some computers The terminal program should initially be set to the COM port usually COMI or 2 you plugged the board into 9600 bps no parity 8 data bits and one stop bit 9600 N 8 1 2 Apply power to the Development Board by attaching a power supply to the power connector The power connector should be oriented so that the terminal screws are visible when looking straight down on the board when it is lying flat If power is connected properly the green LED D1 will light up IMPORTANT
55. very simple example intended to show how an assembly program should be written to run on this board It simply prints the message Hello World On the display of the PC it is connected to Hello world 8031SBC demo program Primary controls Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne SMOD52 for the 80C32 CPU register definitions etc Hello world demo program SPAGEWIDTH 132 2 Monitor entry points monitor equ 03F00H Go to the monitor getchar equ 03F03H Get character in Acc sendchar equ 03F06H Sends char in Acc to monitor display sendstr equ 03F09H Sends a string to the display Variable declarations base equ 4000H beginning of program RAM on SBC base equ OH alternat quate to burn in EPROM reset org base 0H reset vector ajmp start start mov dptr message point to the string lcall sendstr print it lcall monitor Show results in regs jmp 0 and return This is where the data is stored message db Odh Oah Hello there Odh Oah S END NOTE The program above was written to run with the freeware assembler from Metalink both of which are available on the HTE web ftp site ftp ftp hte com uconline ecd 5 1 code Step by Step Instructions First you must create or edit an 8051 assembly language source file using an unformatted ASCII text editor such as Windows Notepad Next invoke the assembler at a DOS prompt and
56. x numbers Changes the debug interrupt used by the monitor to the specified interrupt Load an Intel Hex file format from the serial port into external RAM area Switches U4 between separate and overlapped code and external access Display and permits modify of the user Program Counter Switches between tracing subroutine calls and skipping over them in Step mode Restores the processor to the same state as activating the CPU RESET pin Single step number of steps Traces program execution beginning at start address Dumps main register contents and disassembly of code memory as it progresses View interrupts during executing Turn view off and on Dumps the code data memory Dumps the internal data memory Dumps the on chip register memory Dumps the external data memory Fill the code data memory with user specific constant Fill the internal data memory with user specific constant Fill the external data memory with user specific constant Move bytes within the code data memory Move bytes within the external data memory Display and permits modify of a series of bit addressable memory Display and permits modify of a series of byte from code data memory Display and permits modify of a series of byte from internal data memory Display and permits modify of a series of byte from external data memory Keyword Registers ACC B DPH DPL DPTR IE 8031SDK IP PSW R5 SCON THI RO R6 SP TL1 P1 RI R7 T2CON TH2 P2 R2 RCAP
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