- 1 - October 23, 2009 Dr. John S. Bird School of
Contents
1. FS64 III Epos FS66 III FS67 II The device shall reset itself after it is turned on The device shall have an interface for external connection with a PC for diagnostic purposes Device shall be pre configured with necessary adjustments and technical setups before delivering it to the end user The device shall have clear and proper labeling The system shall be intuitive to use The device firmware shall be upgradeable by a service person 3 User Documentation FS68 III FS69 III FS70 III FS71 II FS72 III User documentation shall include a website with general and technical support information A user manual may be written in different languages including English The user manual shall be written for users with minimal knowledge A detailed installation guide for technicians and vendors shall be created Both the user manual and the installation guide will be available on the company website A detailed list of parts used for the device shall be created Copyright 2009 Prospect1 Inc 12 School of Engineering Science P TOS Ipe C T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 186 FS73 IIT There will be a Frequently Asked Questions section both in the user manual and on the company website FS74 III To ensure quality assurance a detailed copy of the warranty shall be provided along with the device FS75 III Prosect1 Inc shall also provide copies of all documents on the company2. 2 9 Safety Requirements FS49 III The device shall be covered with a smooth insulating layer thus it would not cause bodily harm to user FS50 III The electronic and mechanical components along with the power connections shall remain in an enclosure FS51 IT It shall not cause fire hazard in case of malfunction FS52 IT The device shall not spontaneously combust FS53 III The display and user interface shall not be a strain to the eyes of users FS54 IT Signal emissions from the device shall not interfere with other electronics FS55 II The system should not provide any static shock when touched 2 10 Performance Requirements FS56 III The manual On Off button on the device shall respond to the user instantaneous FS57 III The device shall retrieve data from the splice 10 times every second FS58 IIT The device shall return the result of the condition of the splice within 1ms Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 11 rc Wo wl School of Engineering Science F TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x i JH FS59 IT FS60 IT FS61 III The total time taken for data retrieval and data analysis and display of the result is less than 2 seconds Data Storage unit shall be accessible by the microcontroller or other memory reading devices at all times Size of Data Storage unit shall be sufficient for at least 14 hours of normal operation 2 11 Usability Requirements FS62 II IS DIN
3. on the ground In addition to loss of power and electricity transmission this introduces risk of electrocution and fire 1 A live cable on the ground is a serious safety concern Currently there is no specific solution for this splice issue Prospect Inc has come up with an idea and a technology to overcome this safety issue As splices age Aluminum components oxidize to form an insulating barrier thereby increasing their resistance and causing a current imbalance in cables strands 2 We concentrated our effort on the study of this current imbalance and the resulting magnetic field around the cables strands and came up with ASCA a device that uses Hall Effect Sensors to measure this change in magnetic field intensity to monitor failure in splices Development of the ASCA device is divided in to two phases Upon completion of the first phase the device will be able to obtain data regarding magnetic field intensity around live wire utilizing the Hall Effect Sensors and store them at the MCU In the second phase this data will then be displayed on the LCD along with an LED indicator During this phase the casing of the device will also be prepared and the product will reach completion This document presents the functional specifications of the ASCA device The main focus here is to outline the functional specifications of the proof of concept prototype for ASCA This document also mentions some future functionality that can possibil
4. website for easy access 4 System Test Plan In order for the system to function in a reliable manner it is necessary to test it during different stages of design and implementation prototype building and manufacturing To avoid errors the general test plan is to test each module as it is built and to retest the modules upon integration into the complete unit From designing this device to building a prototype the tests associated with various stages can be divided in to three main categories For this project they will be named as unit testing constituent testing and prototype testing Unit Testing Constituent Testing Prototype Testing Figure 2 High Level Block Diagram for System Test Plan Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 13 rc Wo wl School of Engineering Science F TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x i Unit testing refers to the test of each and every unit and element in the design This is done on both the hardware and software segments These tests ensure that the design and internal components are functioning in a desired manner Also at this stage of testing boundary conditions are taken into consideration This can assure a hassle free integration later on Constituent testing is the second step in system testing At this stage the design gets divided into smaller building blocks For example one such small block may be the display of output data through the combination of L
5. 6 School of Engineering Science P TOS Ipe C T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 186 These three values correspond to the following implementation stages I The requirement applies only to the stage of proof of concept II The requirement applies to both the proof of concept and the final prototype stages III The requirement applies only to the final production system 2 System Requirements General requirements applicable to the ASCA as a complete system are identified in this section 2 1 System Overview The ASCA system can be modeled at a high level as shown in Figure 1 Data Output User Input Data Input Figure 1 High Level Functional Block Diagram Due to time and budget constraints in the proof of concept stage of development only selected functionality aspects of the ASCA system will be designed and implemented This stage will implement the fundamental aspects of data capturing data storing and extraction of data via LCD and LED Fine tuning the device for higher range of power transmission will be left as a future upgrade and more potential sales Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 7 Aezeng ze Wo a School of Engineering Science F TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x d The device is turned on by pushing the On Off switch by the user Once turned on it will be attached to a hot stick and elevated to a height in line with the splice on a transmissio
6. CD and LED Depending on the data stored at the MCU the output signal will show a specific display on the LCD and accordingly an LED light will flash Other such blocks that may need testing can include obtaining differential data through the Hall Effect sensors storing data at MCU extracting data from MCU etc At this stage a general overview of unit testing of each component may be reviewed again This can help eliminate potential errors that may arise at this stage of testing The last step in the system test plan is prototype testing After the smaller blocks pass constituent testing they are ready for integration Once integrated prototype testing can make sure that the smaller blocks put together are functioning well and are in cohesion At this stage boundary conditions shall be tested in greater details again This may give the designers an idea on how well the functionality of the device in different conditions matches its functional specifications It may also be a good idea to have potential users try the prototype before commercialization or mass production of this device is done Their feedback may point to any negativity in the device or lead to possible upgrades and improvements for future If at any point of the building process a change in either design or raw material was found necessary the system shall be tested again from the stage where changes were needed 5 Conclusion The functional specifications clearl
7. battery powered IEFS II The suggested retail price of the device shall be under CDN 300 2 3 Physical Requirements FS8 IIT The device shall be fabricated with a hard cover box to protect the components and electronics from possible damage FS9 ITT The hard cover protection shall be made of durable plastic material which has some degree of heat resistance Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 8 Pros1pecT School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC WSA 1S6 FS10 IT FS11 IT FS12 II FS13 II FS14 III FS15 II FS16 III Due to Hall Effect Sensor s sensitivity range the distance between the 2 walls the inner diameter where the sensors are mounted must not be greater than 3cm The system shall have an LCD display and three LEDs The switches and buttons shall be placed reasonably and intuitively so that it is difficult to press buttons unintentionally The device must have a hook attached to it so that it can be mounted by a hot stick The device shall not have any sharp edges in order to protect the user Weight of device shall not exceed 1 0 kg The system shall be protected from small static shocks and bumps 2 4 Electrical Requirements FS17 II FS18 II FS19 II FS20 II FS21 III FS22 I FS23 III FS24 III The power supply shall be sufficient to support necessary power needed to operate the sensors and the MCU Power consumption shall be as l
8. head distribution systems Please feel welcome to contact us if you have any questions or concerns by phone at 778 229 9190 or by e mail at prospect 1 sfu ca Sincerely yours Kir Tha Amir NajafZadeh CEO Prospect1 Inc Enclosure Functional Specifications for Auto Splice Conductivity Analyzer Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc l Lra n T School of Engineering Science Cf TOS Ipe C i Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Functional Specifications for Auto Splice Conductivity Analyzer Project Team Amir Najafzadeh Sam Hoque Mlad Moezzie Zhouhao Cui Contact Person Amir Najafzadeh prospect sfu ca Submitted to Dr John Bird Steve Whitmore Jason Lee School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University Issued date October 23 2009 Revision 1 3 Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 2 rc Wo wl School of Engineering Science F TOS Tpe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x i Executive Summary Overhead transmission cables are a standard mean of distributing electricity to homes The wires in a transmission line are connected with one another via metal clamps referred to as automatic splices or auto splices There is a growing concern over the failure rate of these auto splices due to corrosion This limits conductivity and also lessens the current passage area throughout the wire An overhead wire in such a condition may eventually break and the live wire may fall
9. ity be added to the final commercial product as an upgrade later Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 3 rc Wo wl School of Engineering Science F TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x i Table of Contents Exec tive SUMMAN aeree aeniea eE inne EE EEEE REE EERE 3 LE ee E e 5 GIOSS AY eet 5 l FARO E 6 I CONDE ee 6 1 2 Intended EE 6 1 3 Classificato E 6 2 System Requirements eeneg 7 2 1 System Overview eege EES 7 2 2 Gener alll Requirements cas0tsansassaaiesisinndsnamnacndounengevontentsvienvenuacnapbiansneuses 8 2 3 e VE 8 2 4 Electrical Requirements E 9 2 9 Mechanical K Gq uire mens steet eene EENS 10 2 6 Environmental Requirements eicscaicerseneecsatseactadeceinacasantd eatepbocsdadedasaanss 10 PATES INE E 10 2 8 Reliability and Durability eet cesar neevesnvenscecaseanessceenssneneasanancenosstauenseverd 11 2 9 S fety En 11 2 10 Performance E Ee 11 2 11 Usability Requirements 5s seessenesa sapceeaanepnaneaandakatiesmnnistoneekudeonnenaenes 12 3 User Re UMS AIO E 12 4 Systemi hest E 13 e E 14 ES 15 Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 4 Lra n z School of Engineering Science TOS 1 pe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 186 List of Figures Figure 1 High Level Functional Block Dageram ee eeseeeeeeeenneeeeeeees 7 Figure 2 High Level Block Diagram for System Test Plan 13 Glossary ASCA LCD LED MCU User Hot Stick ANSI CGSB CSA NERC IEC RoHS MTBF Au
10. n wire Then the device will be put on the splice through the opening and slid along its length At this time raw data will be captured by the two Hall Effect sensors 4 and recorded in the memory Attempt is made to have the sensors located close enough to the wire within mechanical constraints This will assure significant reduction in noise signal as well as accurate data accumulation The data is then stored in small blocks in a buffer in the Processor Memory The user then uses the hot stick to bring the ASCA device down Once it is back in hand the user presses the View Data button to observe captured data This is when stored data is displayed on the LCD along with an LED indicator There are three LEDs on the device and they represent the following Green LED Data is within optimal range Red LED Data is out of range Blue LED Data is irrelevant or there is insufficient data 2 2 General Requirements FS1 IT The ASCA device shall have an idle state in which no data is captured or displayed on the LCD This idle state is when the device is turned off FS2 IT The system shall activate when the On Off switch is turned On FS3 IT Sensors and connection wires shall be minimally intrusive to the user FS4 IIT The internal construction of the device shall be modular allowing for substitution addition of features in future models FS5 IIT The device must be mountable onto a hot stick FS6 IT The device shall be
11. ne The system will produce virtually no noise while active or inactive Noise produced during operation will be minimized and below 50dB All components will be connected to the main device with silver solder as opposed to traditional tin lead type of solder Vibration will not adversely effect the operation of the device 2 7 Standards FS36 IIT FS37 III FS38 III FS39 III FS40 III FS41 III The device shall conform to CGSB 44 232 2002 standards 9 The device shall conform to ANSI standards The device shall meet CSA requirement CSA ISO 9241 5 00 10 The device shall conform to IEC 62369 1 standards The device shall meet NERC standards All components of the device shall be RoHS compliant Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 10 rc Wo wl School of Engineering Science F TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x i 2 8 Reliability and Durability FS42 III The device shall be durable enough to withstand day to day physical treatment and harsh environment FS43 III The device shall be serviceable by trained technicians FS44 III Regular service intervals shall be at least yearly FS45 III The user interface shall be resistant to breakage under normal operating conditions FS46 IIT The MTBF of the chair shall be no less than 20 000 hours FS47 III System performance shall not degrade from normal use FS48 III The system will have a lifespan of at least 3 years of normal use
12. ow as possible The power supply shall be sufficient to support simultaneous operation of the entire internal circuitry Batteries along with the power consumption of the circuit shall be designed so that the device can operate for at least 14 hours continuously Batteries in the system shall be easily replaceable Key voltage nodes shall be easily accessible for measurement troubleshooting and debugging Device may be used in conjunction with other electrical equipments without interference The device will have no exposed wiring Copyright 2009 Prospect1 Inc 9 rc Wo wl School of Engineering Science F TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x i 2 5 Mechanical Requirements FS25 III FS26 III FS27 III The mechanical components of the ASCA device shall not be visually or physically obtrusive The device casing shall be durable and robust to withstand repetitive rigorous outdoor use User interface shall include clearly marked pushbuttons 2 6 Environmental Requirements FS28 III FS29 III FS30 III FS31 III FS32 II FS33 II FS34 I FS35 II The analyzer shall operate normally within an elevation range from sea level to 2000 meter above sea level The device shall operate between temperatures of 40 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius The device shall operate between 0 to 60 relative humidity Operational environment is an outdoor overhead transmission wire li
13. rc Wo wl School of Engineering Science F TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x i October 23 2009 Dr John S Bird School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Re ENSC 440 Functional Specifications for Auto Splice Conductivity Analyzer Dear Dr Bird The enclosed document from Prospect Inc outlines functional specification for the Auto Splice Conductivity Analyzer ASCA The aim of this project is to design a device that uses Hall Effect Sensors to calculate magnetic field intensity in splices in overhead transmission lines It can then be used to analyze the imbalance of current in strands of an ACSR Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced overhead wire Attached LEDs and LCD display on the device will help the user identify the extent of damage present in the splice The functional specifications mentioned in this document provide a set of high level standards and requirements for the ASCA device s functionality for both the proof of concept and product phases The management team along with test and design engineers will make use of this document in research and development activities Prospect1 Inc consists of four enthusiastic and hard working fourth year Engineering Science students Amir Najafzadeh Sam Hoque Milad Moezzie and Zhouhao Cui We are very excited about the opportunity this project may hold in lessening the failure rates of automatic splices in over
14. scribed in this functional specification 1 1 Scope This document lists all the functional requirements that must be met by a functional ASCA These listed requirements will guide various design phases later It also serves as a basis for Design Specification later 1 2 Intended Audience The document is intended for the use of all Prospect Inc members It will also serve as a tool to the project manager who shall use it to evaluate progress throughout the different development phases It will also serve as a guide to him to comply with necessary manufacturing and usability standards Design engineers shall follow this document to meet overall design requirements from production to implementation of device Test engineers shall use this document to assess the match in functionality between the actual device and the guidelines outlined here Marketing department may also use this document to develop marketing materials and identify similarities in features if any with competitor s products 1 3 Classification Throughout this document the following convention shall be used to denote functional requirements FSn p lt A functional requirement gt This format of representation is compatible with the CSA requirements of referencing Here n is the functional requirement reference number and p is the priority of the functional requirement denoted by one of the three values I II or II 5 Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc
15. to Splice Conductivity Analyzer Liquid Crystal Display Light Emitting Diode Arduino Duemilanove Micro Controller Certified Technicians Electricians who are authorized to perform maintenance and testing on overhead transmission lines An insulated rod usually made of fiber glass It can be of extendable length 3 American National Standards Institute Canadian General Standards Board Canadian Standards Association North American Electric Reliability Corporation International Electrotechnical Commission Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations Mean time between failures Copyright 2009 Prospect1 Inc 5 rc Wo wl School of Engineering Science F TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x d 1 Introduction Auto Splice Conductivity Analyzer ASCA is designed to determine current imbalance in overhead transmission line cables From the resulting magnetic field around the cables strands this imbalance can be found and used to verify if the splice is faulty The device has an LCD on it which shows the intensity of the magnetic field around the splice There are also a couple of LEDs on the device which lets the user know if the intensity of the magnetic field is within range or out of range ASCA can be attached to the wire as a slide on device to obtain data The requirements for the ASCA device as proposed by Prospect1 Inc are de
16. y outline the capabilities features and requirements of the Auto Splice Conductivity Analyzer ASCA device Development of a final prototype device shall take place in two distinct phases both of which are proceeding in parallel Work has already begun and it is expected that the above mentioned functional requirements that applies to the proof of concept model marked with I or II will be completed by the target date of December 2009 Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 14 Ver wail School of Engineering Science d TOS Ipe T Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 156 x A 8 O 6 References 1 Transmission amp Distribution World Forensic Analysis of Automatic Splices Leads to Change http tdworld com mag power_forensic_analysis_automatic 2 Ensuring the Health of Our Power Lines Power line and connector splice sensor http www swri org 3 PUBS ttoday Summer06 PoweLines htm 3 TEL O POLE II Parts List Hastings http www westernsafety com Hastings hastingspg1 html 4 Busse G Hemelrijck D Solodov I Anastasopoulos A Emerging Technologies in NDT How Infrared has been used in the past pg 304 310 5 Engineering Science 305 440 http www ensc sfu ca whitmore courses ensc305 Copyright 2009 Prospect Inc 15
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