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User Manual: Analyzers

1. 5 2 Editing Fields Several different possibilities for editing the contents of each field are available Here is a list Click to select or do The Scope Recorder switch and the Acquisition mode are of this type Select the desired state When this is used with a text of the form A B A is chosen when the Black dot is present and B is chosen when it is not Click to change or do The Input A Input B and the Calibrate action are of this type Choose from a list Coupling and Bandwidth Limit are of this type Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Change value up down Input Full Scale Time Div Max Samples Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Change value up down multiple arrows Nbr of Segments is of this type The left pair of arrows modifies the value by the smallest increment possible while the right pair modifies the value by a much larger amount Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Access a lower level menu Trigger is of this type Move a slider The Offset the Delay time and the trigger level in the Trig Control menu are of this type Use the mouse to slide the arrow along the scale Numeric entry in the value window is allowed Scientific notation and common abbreviations m u n p S V can be used Values above or to the left of other values have precedence over the latter Selection fields that are gray are not active for the current configurat
2. The Aq RT inf and AqRT_4 ini files must be uploaded to the target To do this e start the MAX application e right click on the target e select file transfer e select the Aq RT inf file on your host machine and upload To Remote to the LabVIEW RT working directory NI RT system on the target e select the Aq RT ini file on your host machine and upload To Remote to the LabVIEW RT working directory NI RT system giving it the name AqDrv4 ini User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 13 of 45 For Acqiris modules which need FPGA files you should e create the folder firmware in the NI RT system directory using the file transfer application e select the FPGA files from lt AcqirisDxRoot gt Firmware you want to copy to the target and upload them into the firmware directory Restart the target after finishing the file transfers Restart the MAX Explorer and you should have Acqiris digitizers detected in your PXI system 2 7 Installing the IVI COM C Driver Please install Acqiris software for Windows first Then the Acqiris Software CD Autorun program gives access to two installers VI Shared Components 1 4 VI COM C IviAqDI driver These must be installed in the order shown above For more information you can then consult the Readme txt file in the IVIDriversMviAqD1 folder or the documentation through the program shortcut present under Ivi IviAqD1 2 8 Uninstalling devices under Windows In the Device Manager
3. dead time is the period after the end of an event when the card cannot digitize data for a new trigger event To complement this mode of operation the digitizer can also measure and store Software ACQUIRE Tst ACQRDY Trigger Input Ttid Trigger Output StartDelay NbrSamples StopDelay gt Data Acquisition status T Acquire Acquire 1st data last data 1st TRIGGER the arrival time of each trigger using the information from the on board TTI Trigger Time Interpolator Readout of the individual trigger time stamps makes it possible to determine the time from one trigger to any other trigger in the sequential acquisition The TTI resolution sets the resolution of the trigger time stamps 3 6 Data Acquisition Analyzer mode Before the Analyzer starts digitizing signals it must be armed and in a ready state Arming the module is done by software ACQUIRE command If the Analyzer is in buffered mode also called dual memory mode it will wait for a valid trigger before recording any data see the timing diagram below When the module is armed via the AcqrsD1 acquire command and ready to acquire data it generates after a time Tst which may vary between 50 us and 10 ms depending on the processor and the operating system used a Ready signal ACQRDY This TTL signal is available on the front panel VO A MMCX connector For the AP101 AP201 User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 21 of 45 modules
4. Ditherer 8 bit DAC T 2xFPGA XC2V3000 ADC2 MAC2 Seem MULTI IO 1 GS s 8 bit TR Demux EXT amp Memor CKin _Trig__ cos CPLD Out Tri rigger La VO A Mezzanine Circuit UO B 4 Synchronizer PLX Clock Synch amp Start PCI Interface Internal 100 MB s P1 Reference P2 Clock Bus User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 15 of 45 AP201 Block Diagram AP201 Block Diagram 8bis 1X on main Board 1Gs s 1x on mezzanine for 2GS S 50 Ohm 8 bit BA 1GS s 1 SH ADC Signal Sn DEMUX Input r4 bo 8 bit 128K P 2 63 50 Ohm us 16S s E Mem s SH ADC 8 bits Ages REAL TIME i 47 Ohm DATA Trigger Out SUMMATION TIMEBASE 9 FR 4 READOUT COMPRESSIOI Clock Ref In e K Signal Averaging i Signal Trigger 2 Amplifier gt TRIGGER Memory Threshold A DAC 50 1M Ohm Ohm Calibration CARD PLX DAC CONTROLEH PCIINTERFACE PCI Bus 100 Acquire Ready Key features User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers High Speed and Precision The Acqiris Analyzers provide both high speed acquisition capability and exceptionally high simultaneous data transfer rates to the host processor The AP240 delivers real time sampling rates of up to 2 GS s wi
5. Retain copies of all shipping papers CAUTION Damage can result if the original packaging materials are not used Packaging materials should be anti static and cushion the instrument on all sides NEVER USE STYRENE PELLETS IN ANY SHAPE AS PACKAGING MATERIALS They do not adequately cushion the instrument or prevent it from moving in the shipping container Styrene pellets can also cause equipment damage by generating static electricity or by lodging in fan motors 1 12 Maintenance The cards do not require any maintenance There are no user serviceable parts inside A periodic factory calibration can be obtained on request 1 13 Cleaning Cleaning procedures consist only of exterior cleaning Clean the exterior surfaces of the module with a dry lint free cloth or a soft bristle brush If any dirt remains wipe with a cloth moistened in a mild soap solution Remove any soap residue by wiping with a cloth moistened with clear water Do not use abrasive compounds on any parts 1 14 Disposal and Recycling Electronic equipment should be properly disposed of Acqiris Analyzers Digitizers and their accessories must not be thrown out as normal waste Separate collection is appropriate and may be required by law User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 9 of 45 A A A gt 2 Installation This chapter describes how to install the Acqiris hardware and software for Windows National Instruments LabVIEW RT Linux or Wind River Vx
6. and is selectable in a 1 2 2 5 4 5 sequence i e 100 MS s 200 MS s 250 MS s 400 MS s 500 MS s 1GS s 2GS s The data of all of the active channels is acquired synchronously all of the ADC s are acquiring data at the same time to within a small fraction of the maximum sampling rate 3 5 Data Acquisition Digitizer Mode 3 5 1 Acquisition Memory and Time Base Range Digitizer Mode Data from the ADC are stored in on board acquisition memory The amount of memory in use for acquisition can be programmed and is selectable from 2 samples to 261350 samples the full amount of acquisition memory available Note that the analyzer mode memory is much greater For technical reasons a certain memory overhead is required for each waveform reducing the available memory by a small amount In order to simplify programming an interface function recommends the best sampling rate and the maximum possible number of data points taking into account the available memory the requested time window the number of segments in Sequence mode as well as the required memory overhead The Time Base Range defines the time period over which data is being acquired For example the AP201 in the digitizer mode has an acquisition memory of just under 256 KS and maximum sampling rate of 2 GS s Thus at the maximum sampling rate the digitizer can record a signal over a time period of up to 130 us 256 KS 0 5 ns point The time base range can be adjusted by
7. select the instrument to be uninstalled Choose Uninstall from the Action menu After all desired instruments have been uninstalled select Scan for hardware changes from the Action menu or reboot the computer Note that only those devices that are actually physically present are visible in the Device Manager 2 9 Distribution for Windows 2000 X P Vista 7 32 64 and Linux The manuals ReadMe txt file contains a list of files to be found after a complete installation of Acqiris software on Windows systems Similarly the ReadMeLinux file gives the list of files corresponding to that installation User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 14 of 45 3 Product Description 3 1 Overview Acqiris Analyzers are designed to provide superior measurement precision and accuracy Key acquisition specifications such as DC accuracy integral and differential non linearity have been optimized to deliver maximum measurement fidelity Careful circuit layout custom IC s and special packaging techniques have all been employed to reduce the overall random and correlated system noise The use of custom IC s also dramatically reduces the total number of discrete components required This has tremendous benefits on reliability and also allows the modules to use a minimal amount of power The AP series Analyzers are PCI modules that plug directly into any vacant PCI slot in a PC They are fully programmable over the PCI bus and deliver 2
8. 2 Input Protection zem RERUM e ERE T at FU S TRE DD RO ETE RO DE Rt ERE 17 32 3 Me zanin Frontend 3 iau nero ER E EC ates eateries 17 32 24 Bandwidth and Rise Tine erm RU ERR ed tere ctn 17 325 InputVoltag and Offset iss sass sateen tails lis 17 3 2 6 Vertical R solutiom a ios eme ru ot ep pte a rtp p e tete RU tp repo tad 18 3 2 7 DCEACCUFACY ON 18 A O EEUU 18 3 3 1 O 18 3 3 3 Angeer 6 2151 ETT ooo page aoi gare a 18 3333 Tri S Ser Level EER RD E Rb o E Ut ORE 18 3 3 4 TngserSlope Sosesdioe e Uic wes OR em BUE en dee te ot ME 19 3 3 5 External Trigger 611 4 per ete ete abe etaed t eere 19 3 3 6 TOUS AOS I utes 19 3 3 7 Trigger Veto and Timeout AP101 AP201 ONLY 19 34 Data Acquisition Common oen ol ere ee rh esten 20 BAM O SS O O O e tei ee bci tette 20 3 4 2 Sampling Rate ene ott tt emi et o i etie e et ee 20 User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 3 of 45 RR 3 5 Data Acquisition Digitizer Mode sees eene ener nennen ene no non nena none a EiS 20 3 5 1 Acquisition Memory and Time Base Range Digitizer Mode sss essen 20 3 5 2 Pre and Post Trigger Delay Digitizer Mode sese sss 20 Did Single and Sequence Acquisitions Digitizer Mode essen 21 3 6 Data Acquisition Analyzer mode sese 3 6 1 Random and Synchronized Triggers 3 62 Tame Base Range cinc ds 3 63 Dual Bank
9. AP101 and AP201 these two connectors are multiplexed to the module s input The active input may be selected by software to allow connection of one of the two possible signal sources The 50 Q coupling offers high quality termination with better than 1 precision It is ideally suited for use with 50 Q transmission lines All modules offer DC coupling The AP240 and AP235 also provide AC coupling with a 32 Hz cutoff frequency 3 2 2 Input Protection The input amplifiers are fully protected against over voltage signals The device can tolerate an input current of up to 40A for 1 us without damage to the front end electronics For extreme cases such as detector sparking an external coaxial spark gap and attenuator can be supplied on request See APPENDIX A U1092A HVB XA100 BNC INPUT OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION 3 2 3 Mezzanine Front end The front end electronics are all mounted on a removable mezzanine card In the event of accidental damage or as components fatigue over time e g relays in high duty cycle automated testing applications the mezzanine card allows for fast and efficient replacement 3 2 4 Bandwidth and Rise Time The bandwidth specification indicates the frequency at which an input signal will be attenuated by 3 dB approximately 30 loss of amplitude The bandwidth also affects the minimum rise and fall times that can be passed through the front end electronics A pulse with a very sharp edge will be observed to have a mini
10. Acq shown 1 r Define Configuration gt DC50 y None wy Start Delay zs Tm a poe mm Scope Recorder Waveform Lenath Stop Delay Time div Max Samples a o 3 100us E w 2 Del Gate Option On Off Os Gate Selin j01 0 256 F LR m ES Nbr Gates i Nbr of Segments Operation Modes Digitize x 1 aaj 1 E TE FH H H HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHTEHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHRH Gate Length Gate Position zx za 33 s g Ext Ck Internal Clock 1 Segment s of Control 10 Trigger Veto Trigger Timeout 10000 Samples at 100 ns per Sample pose JE c ZS Start Delta Pos Peak Start Delta Neg Peak Acquisition Mode _Calibrate _Retead 1 F3 Fi C Nom Auto C Single Stop m POMA Valid Delta Pos Peak Vald Delta Neg Peak G Of COn Clear 1 2 1 4 Peak Values numeric APx01 Demo displays three independent windows a Digitizer Control window an Analyzer Control window and a display window The Control windows contain functions that allow you to manipulate the acquisition parameters of the card In order to display an acquired waveform connect a signal to the input and then select the Auto acquisition mode at the bottom of the Control panel A waveform should appear in the display Note that this is best done with the Operation Mode Digitizer Other controls in the Control panel allow you to select the optimal acquisition settings for your particular signal Each of the other Control panel functions wil
11. Agilent Acqiris Technical Support ACOIRIS_SUPPORT agilent com Acqiris Product Line Information USA 800 829 4444 Asia Pacific 61 3 9210 2890 Europe 41 22 884 32 90 Copyright Agilent 2012 Adobe and Acrobat are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated Windows is a U S registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation MATLABQ is a registered trademark of The MathWorks Inc User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 2 of 45 CONTENTS 1 p m LSR 81 0 K 519 6 I1 Message to the User eee eere iii eiae ente e ea epe iere edet 6 12 Using this Manuali 2 eee e Dp iu tn encendido pd ed teet etate 6 1 3 Conventions Used i This Manual eor ee pn pete p E tente i petes 6 I4 JModelNa mes oui eim enhn qe ae ame am d e e entera d Im eeu 7 1 5 Disclumerand Safety retener ite ee eo eite ERI teo Eee terres 7 1 6 Warning Regarding Medical Use eem eH tip e e Re eaten Re de cs Os 7 1 45 Packaging and Handling 2 1 eaa hen ase utere a n t e e eden dere c ids 7 ES Warranty siae eeu eerte oe Ad bes 8 1 9 Warranty and Repair Return Procedure Assistance and Support esee 8 1 10 System Requirements 5o iege a alin A er eo tr e te bie ries 8 1 11 Transport amp Shipping iii eate eee Leg bre E Le eee t repe Prose e ides 9 1 12 Maintenance xia abet e EU RET 9 1 13 sicud 9 1 14 Disposaland Recycling e de Ue RT 9 LPUn 10 2
12. Memory When the analyzer mode is selected the number of data points the number of segments and the delays after receiving the trigger and taking the data are set in the Analyzer Control window Only the sampling rate is taken over from the Digitizer Control window However the Digitizer Control window display of the acquisition s horizontal parameters is still valid In addition the timing of the Trigger Output pulse can be chosen as was discussed in 3 6 1 Random and Synchronized Triggers 5 4 2 Gate definition For further processing or readout data reduction the analyzer mode has the concept of gates regions of interest after the trigger for each segment of an acquisition The gates can be defined in the part of the Analyzer Control window shown here The On Off switch selects whether the readout will be done with without the gates This choice is only available for the case of No Processing The number of gates together with their length and starting position can be modified as needed As soon as more than one Gate is available the field to the right of the sign can be used to select a gate for editing Note that the Gate Length is to the left of the Gate Position which implies that it has priority This means that Gate Position will be forced to satisfy the relation Gate Position Waveform Length Gate Length 5 4 3 Trigger Veto and Timeout These parameters were discussed in 3 3 7 Trigger Veto and Timeout and can b
13. NA 1 22 6 22 6 ns 18 8 ns NA 22 6 18 8 ns 0 5 38 2 38 2 22 6 22 6 38 2 22 6 0 4 25 8 25 8 25 8 Zero points 10 10 5 5 10 5 It should also be noted that when the user configurable StartDelay is 0 the first few data points of data called Zero points in the table above are automatically set to 128 bottom of the range and should be ignored User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 22 of 45 The module can be used to limit the system s overall event rate A rate adjustment delay StopDelay can be programmed in steps from zero to the model maximum with the same range and resolution as StartDelay For maximum acquisition rates StopDelay should be set to zero 3 6 1 Random and Synchronized Triggers The Analyzers have two trigger synchronization modes Non Resync or Resync Normally the user s trigger input is not synchronized with respect to the internal sampling clock In Non Resync mode the internal trigger signal which generates the trigger output and starts the digitizing clock after StartDelay is not resynchronized with respect to the internal sampling clock The trigger output is synchronized with respect to the sampling clock to better than 100 ps The jitter i e the variation of the position of the clock with respect to the input trigger time as a function of sampling rate is shown in the table below In order to preserve the timing accuracy of successively summed acquisitions the AP101 AP201 also offer a
14. Resync mode where the jitter is limited to 200 ps at the highest sampling rate Sampling Clock Synchronization with respect to Trigger Input Sample Rate Resynchronized Mode Non Resynchronized Mode AP201 or AP101 or AP201 or AP101 or AP240 A P235 AP240 AP235 AP240 AP235 AP240 AP235 Single channel Dual channel Single channel Dual channel 2 GS s 200 ps zd 500 ps EE 1 GS s 325 ps 200 ps 1ns 500 ps 500 MS s 325 ps 325 ps 1ns lns 400 MS s 400 ps 400 ps 1 25 ns 1 25 ns S250 MS s 400 ps 400 ps 1 25 ns 1 25 ns The Resync mode is the preferred method for applications where the acquisition jitter and the trigger out jitter must be minimized to avoid the reproducibility problems possibly associated with the higher jitter found when using the Non Resync mode 3 6 2 Time Base Range The Time Base Range defines the time period over which data is being acquired For example the AP240 can have an acquisition memory of 16 MS and maximum sampling rate of 2 GS s Therefore at the maximum sampling rate the Analyzer can record a signal over a time period of up to 8 ms 16 MS 0 5 ns point The time base range can be adjusted by varying the amount of acquisition memory or the sampling rate of the Analyzer 3 6 3 Dual Bank Memory amp Buffered Sequence Acquisition Digitizers acquire waveforms in association with triggers Each waveform is made of a series of measured voltage
15. THE SSR DEMO APPLICATION sss sees esse esse e rennen testen reroror ereer 30 4 Getting Started with SSR Demo toe nep ERU D EPOR eb e p e ioo 30 42 JjEdhtunsElelds 5 o n a inna dain team eli Elena 31 4 3 Digitizer Control Panel and Functions eese enne nne EEOC REOT enne 31 4 3 1 Input Voltage Scale Offset Coupling and Bandwidth essere 32 43 2 Digitizer Limebase and Es eoo em e mi re e tee temi ete d cete RE 32 43 3 Operation Mode ii UL vase Ud ee dobles rete pee nescia tener terga eee mene 32 4 3 4 9 T M 32 4 3 5 External Clock ett er RR e ic 33 43 6 Control IO Settmgs uut eee asi tt 33 4 3 7 Acquisition Mode 5 oe Ree to rep ctis te tac qe Socks iban dre eei edi ess 33 43 8 E ner nee nti ea ende P iei pend i des 33 4 4 Analyzer Control Panel and Functions eseeeeseeeeeee eene enne eene trennen enne ene tet netten ene 33 4 4 1 Analyzer Timebasevand Memory iia 34 44 2 User Gate definition rst edet suede ipee tie 34 4 43 Threshold Gate defimitions i nasus eter E eim TR ER REALE DAE A eases 34 4 4 44 Peak mode Peak and Histogram denion 34 4 4 5 Additional Controls amp Time Stamp data sees 35 44 6 WavetommstOFage a eee Pe be a e uel e epe eeu 35 4 477 Control panel reactivation iu eot tee t Ree ER let Ata ead tee A tek Roi ton 35 4 4 8 Temperature displays Rie E D rU eR ER EIE re O
16. XA100 BNC INPUT OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION 44 7 APPENDIX B U1091AX02 XP102 FAN UNIT FOR THE AP FAMILY OF MODULES 45 User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 5 of 45 1 Out of the Box 1 1 Message to the User Congratulations on having purchased an Agilent Technologies Acqiris data conversion product Acqiris Digitizers Analyzers are high speed data acquisition modules designed for capturing high frequency electronic signals To get the most out of the products we recommend that you read this manual carefully We trust the product you have purchased will meet with your expectations and provide you with a high quality solution to your data conversion applications 1 23 Using this Manual This guide assumes you are familiar with the operation of a personal computer PC running a Windows 2000 XP Vista 7 32 64 or other supported operating system It also assumes you have a basic understanding of the principles of data acquisition using either a waveform digitizer or a digital oscilloscope The manual is divided into 5 separate sections To understand the elements of operation for the module it is essential that you read them as appropriate Chapter 1 OUT OF THE BOX describes what to do when you first receive your new Acgiris product Special attention should be paid to sections on safety packaging and product handling Before installing your product please ensure that your system configuration ma
17. a panel of controls and a waveform display window During startup APx01 Demo searches for all Acqiris Analyzers on the PCI bus If none are found APx01 Demo will display an error message indicating this fact and stop Turn off the computer install and turn ON the hardware on the PCI bus and then restart the computer APx01 Demo is intended to verify the functionality of the card and to serve as an easy to use and convenient program for capturing displaying and archiving captured data in ASCII format APx01 Demo is provided free with the purchase of any Acqiris Analyzer We supply drivers on the CDROM for National Instruments LabWindows CVI LabVIEW Microsoft Visual C and Visual Basic Wes also provide some examples GetStarted applications as a guide or starting point for programmers developing their own applications to interface with the AP Analyzers or Averagers and the DC or DP series digitizer cards When you start APx01 Demo a display like that shown below appears m E mixi 3 Digitizer oem zl AP201 p File Hardware Do y at T f No ReSyne jesyne mua 1 e FM BQ Nbr of Segment pe p Processing Mode Jer zs Input Full Scal Offset S ji np Cale s Update 0 00 sec Instrument 0 T div O Ops div gt O 0ps div No Processing 1 ed a 500 mV Z 0 00000 V Acq performed O Current Temp Not Read FScale 0 uV gt 0 uv Coupling Bandwidth Limit
18. are used for each segment in the acquisition 3 8 2 Simple peak detection In this mode the data for each user gate region will be examined and the minimum and maximum values and their positions will be defined as the negative and positive peaks respectively 3 8 3 Peak detection with Hysteresis This mode provides a more sophisticated method of analyzing the data in each user gate region The final result will be at most one positive and one negative peak per gate The processing algorithm for the positive peak search is as follows pl Starting at the first data point of the gate d 0 skip through the data until the data point value exceeds the minimum value observed by StartDeltaPosPeak The search terminates at the end of the gate Let is be the data point index satisfying this test then diis gt min d 0 d is StartDeltaPosPeak p2 Continue scanning through the data until the data point value is less than the maximum value observed less ValidDeltaPosPeak The search terminates at the end of the gate Let iy be the data point index satisfying this test and iy be the data point index of the maximum then diy max d is d iv and dliv lt d im ValidDeltaPosPeak p3 Record the value and position of the accepted maximum data point if any There will be a result if condition pl above is satisfied The same algorithm is repeated for the negative peak search with the obvious modifications namely nl Starting a
19. before the readout is started In the simplest case this processing does nothing to the data and terminates immediately If real processing is needed the throughput is 260 MS s ignoring start up effects associated with each gate and overhead for each peak found The actual amount of data to be processed can be reduced significantly by intelligent use of the gate definition and of the processing parameters for the peak detection 3 7 1 User Gates Gates can be used to define regions of interest within an acquisition segment This can be used to limit the amount of data to be transferred or as a starting point for peak detection processing A gate is defined as a range of data defined by a first sample and the number of samples in the gate Both the first sample and the number of samples must be multiples of 4 except 8 for an AP201 or an AP235 AP240 in single channel mode An arbitrary number of gates up to 4095 can be defined They are used for each segment in the acquisition 3 7 2 Threshold gates The data itself can also be used to define the regions of interest The threshold gate mechanism selects regions of data to be transferred if the data value exceeds a user defined threshold This selection algorithm can also be used for data less than the user defined threshold if the data inversion option is chosen The number of samples selected as interesting will always be a multiple of 4 and will start and end on a block of 4 samples defined fro
20. four acquisition mode buttons in the Acquisition section of the Control panel Available acquisition modes are Auto digitizer only Normal Single and Stop The use of each of the acquisition modes is described below In the discussion a valid trigger indicates a trigger signal meeting the trigger conditions at a time when the device is armed and ready to acquire data Stop will stop the acquisition and hold the latest complete acquisition on the display Single mode is used in order to capture one event at the first valid trigger or the desired number of segments for that many valid triggers It freezes the acquisition in the device s memory and on the display until the user requests another acquisition After an acquisition is taken in Single mode the device will ignore subsequent trigger events until the Single button is pressed again or another acquisition mode is selected Pressing the single button re arms the trigger and captures a new acquisition Normal mode is used to continuously acquire waveforms into memory for valid trigger events The display is updated with the new acquisitions Acquisitions will happen for each valid trigger until either single or Stop is pressed If the trigger indicator at the lower left of the waveform display does not blink green the device is not receiving valid triggers Check the trigger settings or select Auto mode in order to obtain a display of the waveform Auto mode will acquire and display wavefor
21. it can also be found on the front panel multi pin connector The Ready signal is normally used to activate an external event such as firing a laser This external event in turn can produce a signal that can be used to generate the trigger for the module The trigger input pulse can have a delay Tnd that can vary from zero to as long as required The Ready signal ACQRDY is reset with the arrival of the trigger pulse When the acquisition is running or when the module has not been enabled to start the acquisition ACQRDY is set low When the trigger input pulse is received the Analyzer generates a trigger output which internally starts the acquisition after a predetermined delay shown as StartDelay in the diagram above The trigger output is provided for applications where an external signal source must be synchronized with the internal sampling clock The Analyzer s trigger output edge is synchronized to the sample clock to within 100 ps The trigger output accurately preserves the sample timing with respect to the event of interest from shot to shot Ideally the trigger output is used to synchronously activate an event serving as the zero time reference for the time dependent phenomena that are measured in each accumulated waveform As an example the trigger output could activate the application of an electric or magnetic field to a sample under test This method ensures that the application of the field is identically synchronized to the sample c
22. on the instruments front panel Two MMCX connectors are dedicated to the Trigger Output and the Clock Reference input while two other MMCX connectors can be programmed for a variety of different usages such as Trigger Ready 10 MHz Reference Out or Sequence Stop The AP235 AP240 offer the possibility of hardware reset of the segment timestamps through the P1 or P2 MMCX connectors High Data Throughput All of the Acqiris Analyzers can easily be integrated into any standard computer with 1 free long PCI slot that provides the 3 3 V supply and adequate power required by the cards Acquired data can be transferred in DMA mode directly to the processor over the PCI bus at rates of up to 100 MB s 4 ms for a 100 KS record 10 ms for a 250 KS record including DMA set up time overhead Page 16 of 45 3 20 Channel Input The principle characteristics of the input channels are given in the table below Model Bandwidth Minimum BW Limiter Maximum Maximum Other ngeng into 50 Q Rise Time selections Full Scale Offset pes AP240 1 GHz 0 35 ns 20 200 700 MHz 5V 5V 2 channels U1082A AP235 0 5 GHz 0 7 ns 20 200 MHz 5V 5V 2 channels U1082A AP101 0 5 GHz for gt 0 7 ns 25 MHz 0 5 V 2V 1 channel with 2 AP201 50 mV FS selectable inputs U1081A 200 MHz 1 8 ns 50 mV FS 3 2 1 Coupling amp Impedance Two 50 Q signal input BNC connectors are provided The AP240 and AP235 are two channel modules In the case of the
23. pair of arrows modifies the value by the smallest increment possible while the right pair modifies the value by a much larger amount Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Access a lower level menu Trigger is of this type Move a slider The Offset the Delay time and the trigger level in the Trig Control menu are of this type Use the mouse to slide the arrow along the scale Numeric entry in the value window is allowed Scientific notation and common abbreviations m u n p S V can be used Values above or to the left of other values have precedence over the latter Selection fields that are gray are not active for the current configuration 4 3 Digitizer Control Panel and Functions The Digitizer Control panel provides all of the features needed to use the Analyzer in the digitizer mode Some of these controls are also active when the analyzer mode is in use All of the controls are described in the sections below User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 31 of 45 4 3 1 Input Voltage Scale Offset Coupling and Bandwidth Settings for selecting the channel voltage scale offset coupling and bandwidth limit are available in the portion of the Digitizer Control panel shown to the right The settings are also applicable for the Analyzer 4 3 2 Digitizer Timebase and more Digitizer timebase characteristics are set using the settings in the Digitizer Control panel shown here They are not applicabl
24. software drivers provided treat pre and post trigger delays as a single parameter in seconds that can vary between nbrSamples samplingInterval 100 pre trigger and maxPostTrigSamples User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 20 of 45 samplingInterval max post trigger Since the Acgiris software drivers provide very accurate trigger position information upon waveform readout the accepted resolution of the user requested pre post trigger delay is much better than 16 samples For more details refer to the Programmer s Reference Manual 3 5 3 Single and Sequence Acquisitions Digitizer Mode Digitizers acquire waveforms in association with triggers Each waveform is made of a series of measured voltage values sample points that are made by the ADC at a uniform clock rate To maximize sampling rates and utilize memory as efficiently as possible the digitizers include both Single and Sequential storage modes The Single Acquisition mode is the normal operation of most digitizer products In this mode an acquisition consists of a waveform recorded with a single trigger The user selects the sampling rate and acquisition memory size and sets the number of segments to 1 default value The modules also include a built in Trigger Time Interpolator TTI that measures the time from the trigger point to the first sample point This information is essential for determining the precise relation between the trigger or other event of interes
25. values sample points that are made by the ADC at a uniform clock rate To maximize sampling rates and utilize memory as efficiently as possible the digitizers include both Single and Sequential storage modes The Buffered Sequence Acquisition mode allows the capture and storage of consecutive single waveforms Sequence Acquisition mode is useful as it can optimize the digitizer s sampling rate and memory requirements for applications where only portions of the signal being analyzed are important The mode is extremely useful in almost all impulse response type applications RADAR SONAR LIDAR Time of Flight Ultrasonics Medical and Biomedical Research etc Buffered Sequence acquisition enables successive events which can occur within a very short time to be captured and stored without loss A crucial feature of Sequence Acquisition mode is that it has a very fast trigger rearm time A fast trigger rearm helps produce very low dead time 2 us in analyzer modes or 800 ns in digitizer mode for the highest available sampling rates between the segments of a sequence acquisition The dead time is the period after the end of an event when the card cannot digitize data for a new trigger event In the buffered mode data from the ADC are stored in the on board dual bank memory A typical acquisition consists of a sequence of waveforms of equal size The actual waveform size and the number of waveforms in an acquisition sequence ca
26. window will appear During startup SSR Demo searches for all Acqiris Analyzers on the PCI bus If none are found SSR Demo will display an error message indicating this fact and stop Turn off the computer install and turn ON the hardware on the PCI bus and then restart the computer SSR Demo is intended to verify the functionality of the card and to serve as an easy to use and convenient program for capturing displaying and archiving captured data in ASCII SSR Demo is provided free with the purchase of any Acqiris Analyzer We supply drivers on the CDROM for National Instruments LabWindows CVI LabVIEW Microsoft Visual C Visual Basic and Visual Basic NET We also provide some examples GetStarted applications as a guide or starting point for programmers developing their own applications to interface with the AP Analyzers or Averagers and the DC or DP series digitizer cards When you start SSR Demo a display like that shown below appears It has two independent windows CO AA lox File Hardware AP240 sn17757 Y Rees ba e 3 ix Chan tt E Update 0 00 sec T div 1 00 us div gt 1 00 us div ES Acqread 0 Current Temp Not Read FScale 5 0 V gt 50V Input Full Scale Offset Acq shown 0 sv Z nnum Coupling Bandwidth Limit DC 50 x None y zi Timebase Scope R Timezdiv Max Samples fou 2 10K z Chan Combination Delay C 1x C 2x 0s watchawes af 0 Operation Mades Nbr of S
27. 1 U1091AK02 1C414 Installation rese eene nennen nne nne nnt nne nne tnen nenne teen enne nennen eene teen 10 2 1 1 1C414 Hardware installation hints seen enne enne nnne nennen enne nre nennen enne ene 10 2 1 2 IC414 Windows software installation esse sees eee 10 2 2 Installing the Software under Windows essen 11 2 2 1 MERECE 11 2 2 2 Multiple Versions s i e tee tenderet eee te cease ederet er Ere e E elo E ee Ea nr aede area 11 2 2 3 Installation ise pe OT ela EE M RR ete a eda 11 2 3 Installing the Software for Linux nicessarie isin a aeee ea a a teen enne ettet nani ne ieis 12 244 Installing the Hardware reete ertet heredero rie federe ped peer Lepide eus red 12 2 3 After Restarting ii egt e eet pea bes 13 2 3 41 Windows 20000 ep ee pet br e e RED EG Sud e e ERE Re IRI e Fd 13 232 WaindowsXP Vista T atat t a a Ree Ub S a ne e ocn 13 2 6 EabVIEW RT iii oia sa 13 2 Installing the IVECOM G Driyet eerte Ute pd e HU qe er e OPORTET Ue eee rs 14 2 8 Uninstalling devices under Windows essen 14 2 9 Distribution for Windows 2000 XP Vista 7 32 64 and Linux sss sese 14 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION vrst airs ant riot oit ir AEEA eerten trot vrr ezgo 15 Salis OAE AA TEA uio penc e ROT ROI IH eU RU noue EU UI nio 15 3 2 sChannellnput inei ee UA ae ee ed htnc Re en 17 32 Coupling Impedancia D HERO AER RDRMDRD 17 3 2
28. 21 Current Temp 41 degC FScale 1 0 V gt 1 0 Acqshown 1 Bandwidth Limit None y Time div 20 ns Timebase Scope Recorder Max Samples E x 3 Chan Combination Delay in 2s 0 H 1x All channels gt Operation Modes Nbr of Segments Digitize Z fi 3 Trigger Ext Cik Internal Clock 1 Seament s of Control 10 200 Samples at 1 ns per Sample EEE Acauistion Mode Lase Read Nom C Auo Single Stop 2s 3 Timeout Persistence Of C On Clear Display all channels Overlaid Segments Versions dl 4 11 3 10001 kermel 1 10 4 2 Editing Fields Several different possibilities for editing the contents of each field are available Here is a list Click to select or do The Scope Recorder switch and the Acquisition mode are of this type Select the desired state When this is used with a text of the form A B A is chosen when the Black dot is present and B is chosen when it is not Click to change or do The Clear and the Calibrate action are of this type Choose from a list Coupling and Bandwidth Limit are of this type Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Change value up down Input Full Scale Time Div Max Samples Do not attempt to use the keyboard on this kind of field Change value up down multiple arrows Nbr of Segments is of this type The left
29. AP240 AP235 INPUT Channel Signal input A Channel 1 input BNC 1 A 1 INPUT Channel Signal input B Channel 2 input BNC 2 B 2 TRIGGER IN Trigger input BNC 3 User configurable see below MMCX I O A TRIGOUT Signal occurs after an accepted TRIGGER It is synchronous to the MMCX TR acquisition Clock and can be used to trigger events synchronously to the acquisition clock User configurable MMCX UO B CLKEXT 50 Q External clock External reference Input MMCX CK NA Timestamp reset MMCX DPU Pl NA Timestamp reset MMCX DPU P2 The I O A I O B P1 and P2 signals are 3 3 V compatible CMOS This means that on input low is lt 0 7 V and high must be in the range 1 7 V 5 0 V An unconnected signal will be high This definition ensures TTL compatibility On output the low level will be in the range 0 V 0 7 V and the high level in the range 1 7 V 3 3 V for HiZ The high level output will typically give 0 8 V into 50 O The I O A or B connectors can be used for the following output signals 0 MHz reference clock Acquisition is active Trigger is armed They can also be used for Enable trigger input for the AP101 AP201 3 11 Internal Calibration The software drivers supplied include calibration functions for the timing gain and offset settings which can be executed upon user request The Analyzers are never calibrated in an automatic way i e as a side effect of another operation This ensures programmers have full contro
30. D 200 Samples at 1 ns per Sample Special mode shown to the left the user selects the sampling rate and the number of samples This is closer to the kind of setup used in the Chan Combination Delay f 1x C 2x 0s 1 All channels y gt The trigger Delay setting positions the acquisition with respect to the trigger Pre trigger values are negative and are selectable in the range of 0 to 10 timebase The value 10 timebase is equivalent to the time window or capture time 100 pre trigger is achieved by setting the Delay to capture time A 100 pre trigger delay means the trigger point is at the right edge of the display and all of the data in the acquired waveform were captured just prior to the trigger event Maximum Post trigger delay settings depend on the sample interval used Post trigger delays are adjustable up to 200 MS 4 3 3 Operation Mode When the program first appears it is in the Digitize operating mode Sooner or later you will want to go over to one of the analyzer modes You can only change operation mode if the acquisition mode is STOP After this change several fields in the Digitizer Control window will become GREY to show that they are no longer active The Analyzer Control window should be present after the switch If it is not click on the SSR or TDC button to make it reappear 4 3 4 Trigger Trigger characteristics are set using the settings in the
31. GS s AP240 AP201 and 1 GS s AP235 AP101 buffered acquisition performance An acquired data sequence can be processed and transferred to a host processor over the PCI bus at speeds up to 100 MB s while simultaneously acquiring the next data sequence This explains the use of the term Sustained Sequential Recording SSR When appropriately configured an Analyzer can reliably acquire all incoming triggers up to a rate considerably higher than that achievable by a conventional digitizer This is particularly useful for the case of constant trigger rates in the kHz range For complete technical specifications concerning your particular digitizer please refer to the product s Specifications amp Characteristics In addition we maintain up to date versions of all product data sheets on our web site http www agilent com find acqiris The data sheets are available in pdf format and are best viewed using Adobe Acrobat software If you have trouble accessing our web site or viewing the data sheets please contact your nearest sales office Front AP235 AP240 BLOCK Panel DIAGRAM Signals CHI Dual Channel Cross Mezzanine CH Ecc ADC1 MAC1 Processing D 1 GS s 8 bit gt P Block M CH2 CH2 emory Offset and Gain Control m
32. Go back to step N1 but start at the point V iy 1 The peak processing is done after the acquisition is completed All of the gated data has to be examined at a rate of 260 MB s Furthermore there is an overhead of around 300 ns acquisition and 250 ns peak In some cases this can reduce the maximum useable trigger rate for the histogram mode described in the next section 3 7 5 Interpolation of Peak Position and Amplitude If desired the simple peak values described above can be refined using interpolation The time and amplitude resolutions can each be increased by a factor of 16 The interpolation is done with a parabolic spline calculated using the three data points around the peak 3 7 6 Histogramming Peak Data The next logical step in the Peak option is the capability of histogramming the peak data For each peak found the histogram can be incremented either by 1 or by the ADC value of the peak This can be done for a user defined number of acquisitions If segmented acquisitions are being used the user can choose between one histogram for all of the segments or a histogram for each segment Since the buffered acquisition mode is being used the minimum time between triggers is about 1 us greater than the acquisition time for the data User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 25 of 45 If interpolated peaks are being calculated the histogram s horizontal bin width can be selected to be a fraction of a sample interval The allowed choices
33. H sene 36 44 9 Zoom display control o sca tede Ro Be eite Bert tr Eta e ten 36 RUNNING THE APX01 DEMO APPLICATION eere eere entn serere reroror ereer 37 Sl Getting Started with APx0l Demo ti ato UPPER D e ERU eee ipd ree Rt 37 232 Editing Fields iiit etii tun n Rau Sete opel 38 5 3 Digitizer Control Panel and Functions cet 38 5 3 1 Input Voltage Scale Offset Coupling and Bandwidth sss sese 39 5 3 2 Digitizer Timebase and more oe eee ne ete rene p ertet ede iE s 39 User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 4 of 45 Se o teme ieu peo Rae tud 40 5 39 4 Acquisition Le cde tom rte eR eu um a e md 40 5 3 5 Persistence display eiae ti 41 5 4 Analyzer Control Panel and Functions esee eene conan none nn nennen trennen inert trennen ennt 41 5 4 1 Analyzer Timebase and Memory srian eoit E i ia nono conocen entente trennen nein nennen nennen ene 41 5342 G tedefmition eee A ae 41 5 4 3 Trigger Veto and Time cornada iraa 41 5 4 4 Hysteresis Mode Peak Parameters ee eee eee 42 29 445 Display of Peaks eem teta I be Dee tla etie d 42 55 Display Window Functions ea Center ii td Sa 42 5 51 Waveform Storage gos ege re HR RE e o E Rp etatis 42 5 5 2 Control panel reactivation miii ie tc r a aE tie Rial i leere er e 43 5 5 3 Temperature display cese pape tete n atin ce Ua ee ex den dp e areas 43 5 4 Zoomdisplay control A ON 43 6 APPENDIX A U1092A HVB
34. Memory amp Buffered Sequence AcduISIHOn sese sees eee 23 3 6 4 Buffered Acquisition Mode with Data Readout essere nennen eene nennen 24 3 7 AP235 AP240 Data processing eene Ugo de edel e etre ete dept ede rece 24 3 7 1 User Gates cta ce a IR emendata A ect 24 3 7 2 Threshold g tes nei hp eam eoe ne aere 24 3 53 ume stamp mformationi eene nr E trips da 25 34 Peal detection iino o rA IUE eae ae pane d is 25 3 7 5 Interpolation of Peak Position and Amplitude essere 25 3 7 6 Histogramming Peak Data iie o PIRE a D tee poter RAS 25 3 8 APIOI AP20I Data processing eto hte OE ORE HG TR ERE egt ee RR EU DC ERR ERROR 26 3 8 1 A dioe ee ERR ORE ERE ET 26 3 8 2 Simple peak detection ihn n oo SEE Hide RERO E RERO distales 26 3 8 3 Peak detection with Hysteresis iernii ereere e etse T tre ER egt eee EE REN PR FERES 26 3 8 4 Peak Interpolatiom uoo nog ope Retail P TR Re EB A een 26 3 9 External Glock and Reference eere UR Eben E ai 27 3 10 Front Panel Inputs and Controls iman it d dod eee re 27 3 11 Internal Calibrations 2 ioi eta edite te e etit eei 27 3 12 Factory Calibration 2 5 4h signs ee Rd i ea dte toto one n te ote 28 3 13 Electrical Environmental and Physical Specifications eene enne 28 3 13 1 El ctrica zie Hue nn RE 28 3 132 Environmental and Physical eee ee Bh eee n HU e dees A nha eeu e Per Re er eo 28 RUNNING
35. Software 2 0 installed the Digitizer Driver DLL files into the System directory These will be removed by Setup If you wish to keep the old installation on your system you should exit Setup and move all Acgiris driver files acqiris acqrs and acqir to some archive directory The DLL files will be installed into the bin subdirectory of the Acqiris software root and the corresponding path will be added to the PATH environment variable 2 2 2 Multiple Versions With the software installation from Acqiris Software 2 0 or above it is possible to keep multiple versions on the same system but you must specify a different root directory i e Install Folder If you keep the same directory Setup will overwrite your previous installation To go back to a previous version you must change the PATH environment variable and reinstall the Kernel driver 1 Copy the SYS file from lt old_AcgirisSoftware_root gt bin kernel to the Windows System32 drivers directory 2 Change the AcqirisDxRoot AcqirisDxDir and PATH environment variables to the old root 3 Reboot the computer 2 2 3 Installation For a first time installation on your computer Agilent recommends that you install the software BEFORE installing the hardware on your system When upgrading to a new version you should leave your modules installed and powered during installation NOTE You will need administrator privileges to complete the software installation under Windows C
36. Trig Control sub menu The trigger source setting can be either Internal trigger on any one of the input channels or External trigger on an external input The trigger class is always Edge User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Trig Control x Trigger Source Channel 1 y Trigger Class Edge y Trigger Coupling DC y Trigger Slope Positive m Page 32 of 45 The Coupling setting can be AC DC or HFreject coupling Use the Level section to set the desired trigger level The External Trigger Source menu will also allow selection of the desired Trigger Range and Bandwidth The relationship between coupling trigger source and trigger level was discussed in section 3 3 3 Trigger Level Use the Slope section to choose the appropriate edge for the desired trigger Alternatively a window trigger can be defined with two thresholds Finally the HF Divide trigger can also be chosen 4 3 5 External Clock The window will allow you to define the desired clock type threshold frequency sampling rate and delay You can also ask for a internal calibration that will take into account a new value of the external clock frequency 4 3 6 Control IO Settings The window will allow you to select the desired functionality for the Control I O A and B MMCX connectors as well as the offset to be used for the Trigger Out MMCX level 4 3 7 Acquisition Mode The acquisition mode of the analyzer digitizer is selected using one of
37. UsER MANUAL AGILENT ACOIRIS ANALYZERS Models covered AP235 AP240 with SSR U1082A SSR AP235 AP240 with PeakT U1082A TDC AP101 AP201 U1081A ORE Agilent Technologies Manual Part Number U1092 90020 Edition G Rev J April 2012 The information in this document is subject to change without notice and may not be construed in any way as a commitment by Agilent Technologies Inc While Agilent makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and contents of the document it assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear All software described in the document is furnished under license The software may only be used and copied in accordance with the terms of license Instrumentation firmware is thoroughly tested and thought to be functional but it is supplied as is with no warranty for specified performance No responsibility is assumed for the use or the reliability of software firmware or any equipment that is not supplied by Agilent or its affiliated companies You can download the latest version of this manual from http www agilent com by clicking on Manuals in the Technical Support section and then entering a model number You can also visit our web site at http www agilent com find acgiris At Agilent we appreciate and encourage customer input If you have a suggestion related to the content of this manual or the presentation of information please contact your local Agilent Acqiris product line representative or the dedicated
38. V 1 6 Vp Trigger Out Alternatively to reduce the current drawn from the digitizer the With 20 terminations below can be used e 1 18V GND 1 18V 3y 3 3 6 Trigger Status The front panel includes a tri color LED indicator to show the status of the trigger When the LED is green it indicates the trigger is armed and waiting for a valid trigger to occur Red indicates that the trigger has occurred the acquisition is complete and the data is waiting to be readout The user can override the default functions and program the LED color in an application specific manner 3 3 7 Trigger Veto and Timeout AP101 AP201 ONLY Certain applications can generate a Prepare for Trigger signal that can be generated just before a window in time for an acceptable trigger An Analyzer in the buffered data acquisition mode see AcqrsD1 configMode can be configured to recognize the Prepare for Trigger signal on the MMCX IO A or B connector see AcqrsD1_configControlIO and wait a software selectable time before accepting a trigger This veto time can be set in the range 0 s 1 s in steps of 30 ns The Trigger Veto feature is useful in applications where an early echo response signal should be ignored Furthermore if desired the Analyzer can be asked to generate an artificial trigger if no real trigger occurs after the window has been open for a time that can also be set in that same range This is a way to ensure that there will be data associat
39. Works NOTE For a first time installation we strongly recommend installing the software before inserting the hardware into the PC 2 4 U1091AK02 IC414 Installation NOTE If you are going to install an IC414 interface for the first time and are running Windows 2000 XP you should follow the procedure below before installing the Acqiris hardware 2 1 1 IC414 Hardware installation hints The PCI 8570 PXI 8570 User s Manual Rev 1 00 section 2 5 gives Hardware Installation instructions CAUTION Turn off the power of the PC the PC may have to be unplugged to ensure that the PCI bus has no power available Please ignore the PCI 8570 instruction to leave the power cord plugged in Ground the chassis differently CAUTION Touch the antistatic package to a grounded object before removing the card from the package Electrostatic discharge can damage the card The standard cable pair provided each have a red connector on one end and a black connector on the other Therefore the correct connection can be made by plugging the Red connector into the LORx socket and the Black connector into the LOTx socket on the PXI module and the other Red connector into the PCI module socket furthest from the PCI card internal base connector and the Black connector into the next socket If you intend to use 64 bit 66 MHz transfer to maximize data transfer speed you should cable a bundled link using two standard cable pairs and both the LO and L1 pairs of conne
40. aration of conformity e Optional documentation such as a model dependent document giving Specifications amp Characteristics a Calibration Certificate or a Performance Verification After carefully unpacking all items inspect each to ensure there are no signs of visible damage Also check that all the components received match those listed on the enclosed packing list Agilent cannot accept responsibility for missing items unless we are notified promptly of any discrepancies If any items are found to be missing or are User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 7 of 45 received in a damaged condition please contact the Agilent service center or your local supplier immediately Retain the box and packing materials for possible inspection and or reshipment 1 8 Warranty All Agilent Acqiris Digitizer products are warranted to operate within specification assuming normal use for a period of at least one year from the date of shipment Units sold before April 2008 had three year warranties as do some more recent ones in case of doubt examine your invoice It is recommended that yearly factory calibration be made in order to verify product performance All repairs replacement and spare parts are warranted for a period of 3 months Warranty extensions are available as an option Agilent endeavors to provide leading edge technology that includes the latest concepts in hardware and software design As such software and firmware used with the pro
41. are Ya 1 4 1 8 and 1 16 of the nominal bin width Similarly the granularity of the contents of each bin can be chosen to be Y 1 4 1 8 or 1 16 of an ADC LSB A histogram can be accumulated for a desired number of acquisitions After this the acquisition process will be stopped until the program explicitly starts it again Histogram readout can only be done when the acquisition is inactive 3 8 AP101 AP201 Data processing Processing is done under control of the host computer after the acquisition is complete and before the readout is started In the simplest case this processing does nothing to the data and terminates immediately If real processing is needed the throughput is 130 MS s ignoring start up effects associated with each gate and overhead for each peak found The actual amount of data to be processed can be reduced significantly by intelligent use of the gate definition and of the processing parameters for the peak detection The scans for positive and negative peaks are done in parallel 3 8 1 User Gates Gates can be used to define regions of interest within an acquisition segment This can be used to limit the amount of data to be transferred or as a starting point for peak detection processing A gate is defined as a range of data defined by a first sample and the number of samples in the gate Both the first sample and the number of samples must be multiples of 4 An arbitrary number of gates up to 64 can be defined They
42. ctors You should also make sure that you configure the PXI 8570 M66EN Jumper correctly 2 1 2 IC414 Windows software installation Windows Vista 7 32 64 XP64 and Linux users do not need to read any further since there is no special software installation Windows users should have the hardware installed as noted above This software installation should be done before any Acqiris modules are placed in the CompactPCI crates This may mean that you have to remove the module from the crate as delivered The crate should be turned on first followed by the PC If the cabling and start up sequence is done correctly there will be no LED illuminated on the PCI unit connected pair and the LED s of the PXI connected pair will be lit For Windows XP installation Select the Control Panel under Settings in the Start menu Then if you are using the Category View select Printers and Other Hardware After this for both Category and Classic views go to System and then display the Hardware tab to get access to the Driver Signing menu Since neither the AdLink nor the Acqiris driver has been submitted for Windows Logo testing you must select either the Ignore or Warn action The resulting menu looks as shown Driver Signing Options During hardware installation Windows might detect software that has not passed Windows Logo testing to verify its compatibility with Windows T this te vartant What action do you want Windows to take Ignore Ins
43. d button in the Digitizer Control window Hor Zoom Factor n i Vert Position 0 00 zal Vert Zoom F actor a a x To clear the display in persistence display mode press the Clear button that appears on the main display window C reset Zoom User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 43 of 45 6 Appendix A U1092A HVB XA100 BNC Input Overvoltage Protection Specifications and User Instructions The XA100 Acgiris option contain two elements 3dB BNC Attenuator 90V BNC Spark Gap The XA100 overvoltage protection kit allows the digitizers with 50 Ohm only input without high impedance input to withstand a high voltage surge of up to 5 kV XA100 SPECIFICATIONS Frequency range DC to 1GHz Input impedance 50 Ohm Attenuation 3 dB VSWR DC to 1GHz lt 1 25 Impulse discharge current 8 20 us pulse 10 kA Weight 60 g Length 85 mm ATTENTION BOTH the 90V spark gap and the 3dB attenuator MUST be used in order to absorb very high current In order to limit the input current the attenuator MUST be inserted between the spark gap and the input of the module as shown in the figure below 3dB BNC Attenuator 90V BNC Spark Gap Digitizer 90V BNC Spark Gap Input Channel A 3dB BNC Attenuator Input Channel B User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 44 of 45 7 Appendix B U1091A X02 XP102 Fan Unit for the AP Famil
44. dow several additional options can be set the timing of the Trigger Output pulse can be chosen as was discussed in 3 6 Random and Synchronized Triggers when Gates are in use the display can be configured to show the data transferred either At Acquisition time the data points will be shown on a horizontal access covering the entire acquisition or segment Concatenated full scale the data points will be shown one after another with no indication of the gap between them The horizontal scale is the same as in the case above This is useful to judge the effectiveness of the data reduction Concatenated auto scale the data points will be shown one after another with no indication of the gap between them The horizontal scale is adjusted for each event to show the data transferred with maximum resolution Trigger Gate display The FP I O P1 and P2 DPU Control can be set to allow No ReSync At Trigger for the hardware reset of the trigger time stamp counter C ReSync C Concatenate The time stamp data associated with each trigger can C FreeRun C Concat Scaled be displayed by clicking on the Show TimeStamps button Thereafter the display can be updated on FP 140 P1 FP 1 0 P2 d d DET 0 Disabled v Disabled y Show TimeStamps The choices above apply to the selected channel only Closing the Display window will terminate the execution of the SSR Demo program If desir
45. ducts is under continual refinement and improvement All software and instrument firmware is supplied as is with no warranty of any kind Software and firmware is thoroughly tested and thought to be functional at the time of shipment At Agilent s discretion software and firmware may be revised if a significant operational malfunction is detected In exercising this warranty Agilent will repair or replace any product returned to the Agilent service center within the warranty period The warranty covers all defects that are a result of workmanship or materials This excludes defects that are caused by accident misuse neglect or abnormal operation The purchaser is responsible for returning the goods to the nearest Agilent service center This includes transportation costs and insurance Agilent will return all warranty repairs with transportation prepaid 1 9 Warranty and Repair Return Procedure Assistance and Support Agilent acquired Acqiris SA and its product lines in December 2006 Please contact your nearest Agilent Service Center before returning any product for repair You can find information about technical and professional services product support and equipment repair and service on the Web see http www agilent com find service or http www agilent com and after selecting your country click on Contact Us The service center will ask for your name company phone number and address the model and serial numbers of the unit t
46. e DetectUp DetectDown gomg peaks o H 0 z 0 31 250 0 31250 E Pre Samples Post Samples o f 0 Histogram Histogram Mode Histogram Enabled Nbr RoundRobins 1 4 4 4 Peak THC mode Peak and Histogram definition Depth Horz Res Vert Res The fragment of the Analyzer Control window shown here can be 32 bits xl 141 E 1A B used to select the peak detection parameters and the histogram to be accumulated Increment Segments C ByDne fo nds The Processing mode allows a choice between Standard and Interpolated Peaks By Value C Overlayed User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 34 of 45 The DetectUp and DetectDown parameters are measured in volts and give the desired StartDeltaPosPeakV and ValidDeltaPosPeakV respectively Note that Nbr RoundRobins is the number of acquisitions to be taken in each segment However each segment gets only one out of every Nbr Segments triggers Depth can be used to trade off between the maximum number of events that can be accumulated and the space required for the histogram Horz Res and Vert Res define characteristics of the histogram to take advantage of the interpolated peaks better precision Overlaid segments will accumulate all segments into a common horizontal range in the histogram individual segments will separated the segments each in its own histogram 4 4 5 Additional Controls amp Time Stamp data At the bottom of the Analyzer Control win
47. e set in the Analyzer Control window section shown User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Trigger G HoReSync Processing Mode No Processing y Define Configuration Waveform Length 20000 344 C ReSync Nbr of Segments Start Delay 3 Stop Delay 33 Gate Option On Off Gate Settings Nbr Gates EEE Gate Length ze 33 01 0 7 256 Y Gate Position o Trigger Veto Trigger Timeout fo 00000000 sec HA o aa Page 41 of 45 5 4 4 Hysteresis Mode Peak Parameters These parameters were discussed in 3 8 3 Peak detection with Start Delta Pos Peak Start Della Neg Peak Hysteresis and their values can be set here Valid Delta Pos Peak Valid Delta Neg Peak fo da fg APx01Demo xj 5 4 5 Display of Peaks Peak Values A button to activate the display of the position and magnitude of the peaks can be found at the very bottom 1 1 3480 76 0 3350 54 0 1 2 9930 750 1800 77 0 2 1 3400 760 3380 54 0 2 2 9900 750 1800 77 0 of the Analyzer Control window If activated a new window is opened for the peak display The Update button must be used every time new data is desired The displayed peaks can be sorted either by Gates within Segments or by Segments for each Gate Click on the Button to toggle between the two modes Note that the positions are given in samples from the start of the gate and the amplitudes are in raw 8 bit ADC counts in the ran
48. e to the Analyzer Operation Mode that will be discussed below However the settings in the Trigger Ext Clk and Control IO sub menus are applicable to both modes The Ext Clk and Control IO sub menus are for advanced users and will not be presented in detail There are two timebase control panel modes available Scope Mode and Recorder mode The choice of mode is entirely determined by the preference of the user Both modes provide the same set of functional capabilities but display the settings slightly differently In both modes it is possible to set the memory depth and the sample speed independently within the limits of the maximum available memory However the two modes differ in the following way In Scope Mode shown to the right the user selects the time window time per div and the sampling rate will be adjusted to the fastest possible within the limits of the available memory The maximum available memory is programmable Scope Recorder Sampling Frequency Nbr of Samples 1000 0000 MS 200 Timebase In Transient recorder analyzer mode Chan H Input Full Scale Offset A n v t 0 00000 V Bandwidth Limit None y y Coupling DC 50 y J Timebase Time diy 20 ns Chan Combination Delay in 2 Ds lu All channels gt 4 gt Operation Modes Nbr of Segments Digitize y 1 Trigger Ext Cik Intemal Clock 1 Segment s of Control I
49. ecide whether or not you wish to send it You may also add comments Uncheck the box if you do not want to register your installation After the software installation is complete you can either accept the suggestion to restart the computer or you should shutdown your computer and proceed with the hardware installation 2 3 Installing the Software for Linux Please refer to the README file on the Acqiris Software CD ROM AcgirisSoftware linux folder for detailed instructions to install the software for linux systems 1 2 4 Installing the Hardware Turn off the power of the PC and the crate in the case of a CompactPCI module CAUTION For PCI modules the PC may have to be unplugged to ensure that the PCI bus has no power available However CompactPCI crates can be left plugged in since this ensures proper grounding CAUTION Touch the antistatic package to a grounded object before removing the card from the package 3 Electrostatic discharge can damage the card Module in a PC open the PC identify a free PCI slot and carefully insert the DP Series card into it Be sure to ground yourself by touching the grounded PC frame and avoid touching any components on the DP Series card Make sure that the grounding of the card s mounting bracket to the back panel rail of the computer is done correctly If present make sure that the fan s adjustable retainer is correctly positioned and tightened for mechanical support Close the PC Mod
50. ed the Display of waveforms can be turned off To do this select the top line menu item Hardware to get to click on the option Disable display 4 4 6 Waveform storage Acquired waveforms can be saved to disk by the SSR Demo program This feature can be accessed by way of the File item in the top line menu as Save Waveform or Save Waveform As Alternatively the two icons x shown here can be used to activate these functions If this is the first time waveform storage is being Imi used in the current run of the program the Save Waveform As variant must be used so that a file name and destination folder can be chosen Thereafter the Save Waveform command can also be used It will save the data by overwriting the file previously created The data is stored in ASCII format as Raw ADC values In order to convert the Raw ADC values into Volts the following formula should be used V vGain data vOffset Where vGain and vOffset can be found in the header of the file 4 4 7 Control panel reactivation If the Digitizer Control panel has been closed it can be made to reappear by either using the top line a menu item Hardware to get to Digitizer Ctrl or clicking on the icon shown here If the Analyzer User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 35 of 45 Control panel needs to be regenerated it can be done by clicking on the SSR button of the Digitizer Control panel when the SSR operation mode is selected 4 4 8 Temperature dis
51. ed with every Prepare for Trigger signal even if no real trigger occurs A Prepare for Trigger Signal User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 19 of 45 can only be accepted after the ACQRDY has been generated The data values for an artificial trigger will all be 128 0x80 and the time taken to generate this special acquisition will be the same as for a real trigger The Timeout feature is useful to ensure the correct pairing of stimulus and response and to avoid unwanted hung states where the Analyzer is waiting for a trigger that will never occur 3 4 Data Acquisition Common The AP series Analyzers can be used either for buffered acquisition with analysis or normal digitizer data acquisition These two modes are quite different in their functioning After describing some common characteristics they will be treated individually in the sections below The digitizer mode is particularly useful when trying to configure an AP module for later use as an analyzer 3 4 1 Timing A crystal controlled time base is used to generate the clock of the digitizer Clock accuracy is better than 2 ppm and individual sample points are recorded with better than 10 ps lt 2 ps rms of sampling jitter 3 4 2 Sampling Rate The AP series Analyzers include an analog to digital converter ADC that can sample waveforms in real time at rates from 1 or 2 GS s 0 5 ns per point down to 100 S s 10 ms per point The sampling rate can be programmed
52. egments Digitize 1 Trigger Ext Clk Intetnal Clock 1 Segments of Control ID 10000 Samples at 100 ns per Sample Special Acquisition Mode Calibrate Reread C Nom C Auto C Single Stop 2s E Timeout Persistence Off C On Clear T Display all channels Overlaid Segments Versions dl 4 11 3 10001 kermel 1 10 When the operation mode is changed to Peak HK or SSR the program displays three independent windows a Digitizer Control window an Analyzer Control window and a display window The Control windows contain functions that allow you to manipulate the acquisition parameters of the card In order to display an acquired waveform use the Operation Mode Digitizer connect a signal to the input and then select the Auto acquisition mode at the bottom of the Control panel A waveform should appear in the display Other controls in the Control panel allow you to select the optimal acquisition settings for your particular signal Each of the other Control panel functions will be discussed in detail in the following Control Panel Functions section Here is a sample result User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 30 of 45 fm Digtizer Control gt lala 1v Coupling DC 50 DTS y File Hardware ree i eva Chan S Update 3361 26 sec T div 20 00 ns div 20 00 ns div Input Full Scale Offset hv 2 owmv aj Acqread 7
53. g this test then Vlis gt min V 0 V 1s StartDeltaPosPeakV P2 Continue scanning through the data until the data point voltage is less than the maximum value observed less ValidDeltaPosPeakV The search terminates at the end of the gate Let iy be the data point index satisfying this test and im be the data point index of the first maximum then Vlim max V is V iv and V iy lt Vli ValidDeltaPosPeakV P3 Record the value and position of the accepted maximum data point if any There will be a result if condition 1 above is satisfied P4 Go back to step P1 but start at the point V iy 1 The same algorithm can be used for negative peak search if data inversion has been enabled This is done with the obvious modifications namely NI Starting at the first data point of the gate skip through the data until the data point voltage falls below the minimum value observed by StartDeltaNegPeakV The search terminates at the end of the gate This means that V is max V 0 V is StartDeltaNegPeakV N2 Continue scanning through the data until the data point voltage is greater than the minimum value observed plus ValidDeltaPosPeakV The search terminates at the end of the gate This means that Vlim min V is V iv and V iv gt V iy ValidDeltaNegPeakV N3 Record the value and position of the accepted minimum data point if any There will be a result if condition 4 above is satisfied N4
54. ge 128 127 The interpolated values are shown when activated Segment order 5 5 Display Window Functions In the digitizer mode and the analyzer mode with No Processing and Gate Option Off the display will show the data points as a function of time If several segments are taken they will be shown one next to the other For the analyzer mode with No Processing and Gate Option On only the data for the gates will be shown for each segment If Extrema or Hysteresis peak processing is enabled the position of each of the peaks will be indicated by the appropriate arrow on the display Closing the Display window will terminate the execution of the APx01 Demo program If desired the Display of waveforms can be turned off To do this select the top line menu item Hardware to get to click on the option Disable display Other features of the Display window are discussed in the following sections 5 5 1 Waveform storage Acquired waveforms can be saved to disk by the APx01 Demo program This feature can be accessed by way of the File item in the top line menu as Save Waveform or Save Waveform As Alternatively the two icons A shown here can be used to activate these functions If this is the first time waveform storage is being mi used in the current run of the program the Save Waveform As variant must be used so that a file name and destination folder can be chosen Thereafter the Save Waveform command can also be used It
55. hardware board is being installed 2 5 2 Windows XP Vista 7 Under these Windows versions you must login with administrator privileges after the first boot following the hardware installation the Plug amp Play system must have the appropriate privileges to be able to complete your hardware installation successfully After a successful hardware installation you will be able to use your Acqiris digitizer s with normal privileges If you login with administrator privileges after the first boot following the hardware installation Windows will detect the new hardware and start the Found New Hardware Wizard after a few seconds There is no need to use Windows Update to search for the software You can Install the software automatically NOTE In some systems an application program such as AcqirisLive will not yet work correctly at this point One additional boot cycle may be needed if this is the first time that a hardware board is being installed 2 6 LabVIEW RT During program development you can choose whether you use LabVIEW or LabVIEW RT compatible libraries by switching the version present in National Instruments LabVIEW m n instr lib This swap can be facilitated by using the Install VI library for LabVIEW or LabVIEW Real Time shortcut available in the Shortcut folder under Start gt Programs There is only one Acgiris Driver It supports all Acqiris Instruments The instructions below concern LabVIEW RT as used in NI PXI processors
56. he analyzer mode differs fundamentally from the digitizer mode since nothing happens before the trigger is received There is no possibility of acquiring pre trigger data The Analyzer Control window can be closed by clicking the X in the upper right hand corner of the window The functionality of each part of the window will be described in the next few sections User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 33 of 45 4 4 1 Analyzer Timebase and Memory When the analyzer mode is selected the number of data C E TIAE 2 xl points the number of segments and the delays after receiving the trigger and taking the data are set in the Timebase Analyzer Control window Only the sampling rate is taken Nbr Segments Start Delay over from the Digitizer Control window However the Digitizer Control window display of the acquisition s st 0 v horizontal parameters is still valid Nbr Samples Stop Delay 20000 0 4 4 2 User Gate definition For further processing or readout data reduction the analyzer mode has the concept of gates regions of interest after the trigger for each segment of an acquisition The gates can be defined in the part of the Analyzer Control window shown here Each channel has its own definition Gates Channel 1 For the User Gate mode shown below the number of gates together Invert Data User Gates y with their length and starting position can be modified as needed As soon as more than
57. hipping packages The transport of AP cards mounted in a PC is a more delicate issue Because of their mass the cards can vibrate loose unless they are properly secured and braced However properly mounted AP cards with XP102 fans can be sufficiently well held Transport amp Shipping the Adjustable retainer must be used so as to hold the card in place To package the instrument for shipping Step 1 Place the instrument in its original packaging materials 2 Surround the instrument with at least 3 to 4 inches 8 to 10 cm of its original packing material or bubble pack to prevent the instrument from moving in its shipping container 3 After wrapping it with packing material place the instrument in its original shipping container or a strong shipping container that is made of double walled corrugated cardboard with 159 kg 350 lb bursting Notes If the original packaging materials are not available use a professional packaging service Contact your Agilent Service Center for more information The shipping container must be large and strong enough to accommodate your instrument and allow at least 3 to 4 inches 8 to 10 cm on all sides for packing material strength 4 Seal the shipping container securely with strong nylon adhesive tape 5 Mark the shipping container FRAGILE HANDLE WITH CARE to help ensure careful handling 6 Use the address obtained from your Agilent Technologies Service Center 7
58. icates a trigger signal meeting the trigger conditions at a time when the digitizer is armed and ready to acquire data Stop will stop the acquisition and hold the latest complete acquisition on the display Single mode is used in order to capture one event at the first valid trigger or the desired number of segments for that many valid triggers It freezes the acquisition in the digitizer s memory and on the display until the user requests another acquisition After an acquisition is taken in Single mode the digitizer will ignore subsequent trigger events until the Single button is pressed again or another acquisition mode is selected Pressing the single button re arms the trigger and captures a new acquisition Normal mode is used to continuously acquire waveforms into memory for valid trigger events The display is updated with the new acquisitions Acquisitions will happen for each valid trigger until either single or Stop is pressed If the trigger indicator at the lower left of the waveform display does not blink green the digitizer is not receiving valid triggers Check the trigger settings or select Auto mode in order to obtain a display of the waveform Auto mode will acquire and display waveforms according to the trigger settings if a valid trigger is present within a timeout interval If a valid trigger is not available within this interval the digitizer generates its own trigger in order to digitize and display whatever signal i
59. ion 5 3 Digitizer Control Panel and Functions The Digitizer Control panel provides all of the features needed to use the Analyzer in the digitizer mode Some of these controls are also active when the analyzer mode is in use All of the controls are described in the sections below User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 38 of 45 5 3 1 Input Voltage Scale Offset Coupling and Bandwidth Settings for selecting the Input A or Input B BNC connector voltage scale offset coupling impedance and bandwidth limit are available in the portion of the Digitizer Control panel shown to the right The settings are also applicable for the Analyzer 5 3 22 Digitizer Timebase and more Digitizer timebase characteristics are set using the settings in the Digitizer Control panel shown here They are not applicable to the Analyzer Operation Mode that will be discussed below However the settings in the Trigger Ext Clk and Control IO sub menus are applicable to both modes The Ext Clk and Control IO sub menus are for advanced users and will not be presented in detail There are two timebase Control panel modes available Scope Mode and Recorder mode The choice of mode is entirely determined by the preference of the user Both modes provide the same set of functional capabilities but display the settings slightly differently In both modes it is possible to set the memory depth and the sample speed independently within the lim
60. its of the maximum available memory However the two modes differ in the following way In Scope Mode shown to the right the user selects the time window time per div and the sampling rate will be adjusted to the fastest possible within the limits of the available memory The maximum available memory is programmable Scope Recorder Timebase Input 4 Input Full Scale Offset sl s00mv amp j ozv Bandwidth Lirnit None N y Coupling pc 50 y Timebase Scope Recorder Time div Max Samples 500 ns 500 Delay 0 005 ns m 4 m Nbr of Segments Operation Modes p A 1 33 Trigger Ext Clk Control 10 Internal Clock 1 Segment s of 500 S amples at 10 ns per Sample Sampling Frequency Nbr of Samples 100 0000 MS ts 500 Delay Ds M i1 m In Transient recorder mode shown to the left the user selects the sampling rate and the number of samples This is closer to the kind of setup used in the analyzer mode The trigger Delay setting positions the acquisition with respect to the trigger Pre trigger values are negative and are selectable in the range of 0 to 10 timebase The value 10 timebase is equivalent to the time window or capture time 10046 pre trigger is achieved by setting the Delay to capture time A 100 pre trigger delay means the trigger point is at the right edge of the display and all of the data in
61. ive the command to allow the second acquisition to start as soon as possible After the pre programmed number of waveforms is acquired the Analyzer terminates the acquisition cycle At this point in the autoswitch mode if the program has already indicated that the acquisition readout process is to be continued the next acquisition as well as the processing of the newly acquired data will be started The user program can then initialize readout when the processing has completed and if so desired issue the command to allow the subsequent acquisition to be started as soon as possible In the explicit mode after the program learns that the acquisition is terminated typically by interrupt it responds by switching to the other memory bank restarting a new acquisition sequence and then reading out the previously acquired waveform sequence The readout occurs while a new acquisition sequence is in progress The readout process may be restricted to pre defined sections of the acquired waveforms defined by gates Alternatively in the AP101 and AP201 the data of interest may be processed to give peak information before readout 3 7 AP235 AP240 Data processing Processing is either o done automatically by the Analyzer after each acquisition is completed and while the next acquisition is under way for the case of AP235 AP240 with the Peal TD option using histogramming o done under control of the host computer after the acquisition is complete and
62. l be discussed in detail in the following Control Panel Functions section Here is a sample result User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 37 of 45 Elle APx01Demo System O O OOOO ioj x 4 Digitizer DAP201 2 osam z Elle Hardware Trigger l ix NoReSyno ReSync _Input a E lws m Processing Moda Nbr of Segments Input Full Scale Offset Update 26 17 sec Instrument 0 T div 100 00 us div gt 100 00 us div DET y 1 24 500 mv 3 0 00000 Y E Acq performed 0 Current Temp Not Read FScale 500 mV gt 500 mV Coupling Bandwidth Limit Acqshown 1 Define Configuration peso y None e ll y Saba 33 o Timebase J Scoe T Besse Waveform Length Stop Delay Time div Max Samples mw 3 0 39 hou 4 1K lt A Dey Gate Option On Off Ds r Gate Settings 010 256 a u E Nbr Gates Nbr of Segments Operation Modes pce 1 HS NE mde TIL Gate Length Gate Position Tapas HEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE HHHHHH Ext Ck Internal Clock H 1 Segment s of Control ID Trigger Veto Trigger Timeout 10000 Samples at 100 ns per Sample boom se Ja o 33 Start Delta Pos Peak Start Delta Neg Peak Acquistion Mode Calibrate _ Reread Y U V all IEEE 1 1 C Nom C Auto Single Stop Persson Valid Delta Pos Peak Valid Delta Neg Peak C Off C On Clear 1 4 1 4 i Peak Values numeric
63. l of all calibrations performed through software in order to maintain proper event synchronization within automated test applications The model AP series Analyzers include a high precision voltage source and a 16 bit DAC used to determine the input voltage and offset calibration For accurate time and voltage measurements it is recommended to perform a calibration once the module has attained a stable operating temperature usually reached with a few minutes after power on Further calibration should not be necessary unless temperature variations occur Calibration can usually be performed with signals present at the channel external and clock inputs However if the calibration is found to be unreliable as shown by a calibration failure status it may be necessary to remove such signals User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 27 of 45 3 12 Factory Calibration Whilst the Internal Calibration function will provide a good degree of confidence that your instrument is operating within its specifications on a day to day basis Agilent recommends that each instrument undergoes a Factory Calibration at least annually to ensure that it remains within the specified performances Factory Calibration is the process of measuring the actual performance of an instrument under test using lab instruments that in turn have significantly better performance than the instrument under test Lab instrument performance must be traceable to the International S
64. lock for each shot contained within the average It also means that each sample in the accumulated sum is identically positioned shot to shot with respect to a fixed zero time reference provided that the time between the trigger output and the event waveform is kept constant The trigger output has with respect to the trigger input a delay of around Ttod Ttoj 2 where Ttod is about 10 ns and Ttoj is 1 clock pulse The digitizing clock is started at a precise user configurable time after the trigger output pulse This is shown as StartDelay in the diagram above The allowed memory lengths start delay values and increments are shown in the table below Model Channels Maximum Maximum Maximum Memory Start Mode Sampling los yd ut Minimum Delay Rate Default Optional Increment Maximum Memory Memory AP240 1 2 GS s 4M samples 16M samples 32 16M Single channel samples AP240 2 1 GS s 2M 8M 16 16M Dual channel AP235 1 1 GS s 4M 16M 32 16M Single channel AP235 2 0 5 GS s 2M 8M 16 16M Dual channel AP201 1 2 GS s 4M NA 32 32M AP101 1 1 GS s 2M NA 16 16M The minimum StartDelay that achieved when the user configurable time is set to 0 depends on the sampling rate as shown in the table below StartDelay AP240 AP235 AP240 AP235 AP201 AP101 Sampling Single Single Dual Dual Rate channel channel channel channel 2GS s 18 8 ns NA NA NA 18 8 ns
65. m the acquisition start The interesting region will start with the first block of 4 which has a data value above threshold and end after the block of four in which the data drops down below threshold In dual channel acquisition if the below threshold uninteresting region between two selected points does not contain a data point interval 16 n 1 16 n 32 for some value of n the data involved will be combined into a common gate and all of the points in between will be selected In the case of single channel acquisition this interval becomes 32 n 1 32 n 64 In other words for the dual channel case if the interval between two points above threshold does not contain an aligned to a multiple of 16 block of 32 below threshold points the data will be combined into a single gate Given that a region is selected for transfer the user can select an additional number of samples 0 4 8 12 or 16 both before and after it for the final transfer Alternatively the number of samples before and the total number of samples can be chosen The subtleties of these definitions imply that all gates should be examined carefully for multiple pulses and that data of interest may be lost if the total number of samples demanded is less than those in a combined gate region There is a limit of 8192 on the number of gates that can be transferred for a single acquisition on a single channel Thus any threshold gate User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 24 of 45 wavef
66. ms according to the trigger settings if a valid trigger is present within an adjustable timeout interval If a valid trigger is not available within this interval the digitizer generates its own trigger in order to digitize and display whatever signal is at the input at that time It can only be used when in digitizer mode If valid triggers are received at a high enough rate Auto mode behavior differs little from normal mode behavior on the display However if the trigger rate is too low or trigger settings are not appropriate for the characteristics of the signal the input signal will not be stable on the display This occurs because the internal auto trigger generated by the digitizer is asynchronous to the input signal Auto mode is often used to aid in setup when the input signal must be quickly characterized in order to determine proper trigger settings for Normal or Single mode acquisitions 4 3 8 Display options The controls at the very bottom of the Digitizer Control window are used to choose whether the event display of data points is for the last acquisition only Off or for all the acquired events On A simple Clear button is also present that erases all data points in the display The display can also be used to show both channels at once If desired the individual segments of an acquisition can be shown stacked on top of each other as opposed to spread out along the horizontal axis 4 4 Analyzer Control Panel and Functions T
67. mum rise time Tmin determined by the front end electronics In general a pulse with a given 10 90 rise time 110 9944 will be observed with a slower value given by 2 2 2 10 90 Tro 90real Tmin where Tmin MS 0 35 GHz ns BW GHz If desired hardware bandwidth limiters can be selected 3 2 5 Input Voltage and Offset The input channel provides a fully programmable amplifier with variable input voltage and offset Full Scale FS input voltages are selectable from 50 mV to the maximum indicated in the table above in a 1 2 5 sequence Care should be taken to select an input voltage range that will allow the signal to be recorded using as much dynamic range of the digitizer as possible Signals going outside of the FS Range will be clipped and data values for the clipped portion of a signal should be regarded as erroneous The Variable Offset is programmable in the range of 2 V when using an FS Input Voltage setting of 500 mV or below increasing to 5 V for FS settings above 500 mV The raw 8 bit ADC data values are in the range 128 127 with the first and last values reserved for User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 17 of 45 underflow and overflow respectively The midpoint value 0 of the range corresponds to the negative of the offset voltage Thus the Full Scale Range FSR goes from Offset Voltage FS 2 to Offset Voltage FS 2 Signals going outside of the FSR will be clipped and data values f
68. n be programmed as shown earlier in the table The number of waveforms in a sequence is adjustable from 1 to 8191 for the AP235 AP240 and 16384 for the APx01 Of course the number of waveforms times their length may not exceed the actually available memory The driver software protects against invalid requests by adjusting the waveform length appropriately Note that the Single Acquisition mode is just a special case of the Sequence Acquisition mode with the number of segments set to 1 User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 23 of 45 Note that when in digitizer mode the Analyzer stores the ADC data into a different non buffered memory It is then restricted to 128 KS AP235 AP240 Dual channel mode and AP101 or 256 KS AP235 AP240 Single channel mode and AP201 and 200 segments 3 6 4 Buffered Acquisition Mode with Data Readout In buffered mode multiple waveforms are acquired and stored with minimal dead time between them All waveforms in such a sequence are deposited into one of two possible memory banks The user program can be either written to explicitly control the processing start of next acquisition and readout of data or to automatically start the processing and the next acquisition as soon as the previous acquisition has completed This latter case will be called the autoswitch mode while the former can be called the explicit mode At start up of the autoswitch mode the program will start the first acquisition and immediately g
69. n board temperatures above 60 C should be avoided Relative Humidity 5 to 95 non condensing Dimensions All AP modules conform to the PCI standard and require a long card slot When used with the XP102 Fan the overall length can be adjusted from 325 mm up to the long card slot maximum of 342 3 mm EMC Immunity amp Emissions Complies with European EMC Directive 2004 108 EC IEC EN 61326 2 1 CISPR Pub 11 Group 1 class A AS NZS CISPR 11 ICES NMB 001 This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES 001 Cet appareil ISM est conforme la norme NMB 001 du Canada User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 28 of 45 Required Airflow XP102 Fan unit required AP Analyzers are delivered with this Fan unit In order to guarantee the above performance and specifications PCI digitizer cards must be installed in a PCI metal frame with adequate cooling The card s front panel must be screwed to lock the digitizer into place and insure proper grounding of the frame The frame must not be used without closing all vacant front panel slots to guarantee EMC shielding and cooling User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 29 of 45 4 Running the SSR Demo Application 4 1 Getting Started with SSR Demo Once the software and hardware installation described in Section 2 of this manual is complete you will find SSR Demo in the start menu of your computer Start SSR Demo from the menu An initial panel of controls and a waveform display
70. n health and safety in medical treatment WARNING The modules discussed in this manual have not been designed for making direct measurements on the human body Users who connect an Acqiris module to a human body do so at their own risk 1 7 Packaging and Handling Your Analyzer is shipped with the following components e Acompact disc in an Agilent Technologies paper CD envelope that includes o 10 product User Manuals in electronic form 8 bit Digitizers 10 bit Digitizers 12 bit Digitizers Averagers Analyzers Signal Analyzers Streamer Analyzers Time to Digital Converters 3 5 and 8 slot CompactPCI Crates and the 21 slot CompactPCI Crate o 1 Programmer s Guide and 1 Programmer s Reference Manual o device drivers with sample software for different operating systems environments and languages o the Analyzer Demo application a demonstration program for the AC SC Analyzer products o the AcgirisLive application a demonstration program for our digitizer and averager products o the SSR Demo application a demonstration program for the Acqiris AP235 AP240 Analyzers o the APX01 Demo application a demonstration program for the Acqiris AP101 AP201 Analyzers o the TC Demo application a demonstration program for the Acqiris TC840 TC842 TC890 Time to Digital Converters o full installation procedures for use with Microsoft Windows National Instruments LabVIEW RT Wind River VxWorks IVI COM C and Linux software e A decl
71. ning caution or note Bold Italic text is used to emphasize an important point in the text or a note mono text is used for sections of code programming examples and operating system commands User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 6 of 45 1 4 Model Names Agilent Technologies Inc acquired Acqiris SA and its product lines in December 2006 Use the tables below to cross reference the legacy model name and new Agilent numbers Agilent Model Number Acqiris Model Name U1081A 002 AP101 U1081A 004 AP201 U1082A 002 SSR TDC AP235 U1082A 001 SSR TDC AP240 1 5 Disclaimer and Safety The AP Series PCI Analyzer cards have been designed to operate in a standard PCI slot found inside most personal computers Power for the modules is provided by plugging them into a free slot refer to the installation procedure CAUTION Do not exceed the maximum input voltage rating The maximum input voltage for 50 Qinput impedance is 15 V 1 6 Warning Regarding Medical Use The AP Series PCI Analyzer cards are not designed with components and testing intended to ensure a level of reliability suitable for use in treatment and diagnosis of humans Applications of these cards involving medical or clinical treatment can create a potential for accidental injury caused by product failure or by errors on the part of the user These cards are mof intended to be a substitute for any form of established process or equipment used to monitor or safeguard huma
72. o be repaired and a brief description of the problem Before issuing a Service Order the service center may ask you to communicate with us by phone or eMail so that we can learn as much as needed about the problems observed If a unit returned under guarantee is found to be working normally and this procedure was not followed we reserve the right to charge you for the work done For your nearest customer support center please contact Acqiris Technical Support ACQIRIS_SUPPORT agilent com or come visit our web site at http www agilent com find acgiris Alternatively contact Acqiris at 1 800 829 4444 in the USA 41 22 884 32 90 in Europe or 61 3 9210 2890 in the Asia Pacific region The Agilent Support Centers can also help redirect you for any questions concerning the installation and operation of your equipment 1 10 System Requirements Acgiris products need the following minimum PC System Requirements in order to obtain reasonable performance from your digitizer Processor 500 MHz Pentium higher recommended Some PowerPC systems running Wind River VxWorks are supported please contact us for details Memory 256 MB RAM The previous number is a very rough estimate Assuming that you are using AcqirisLive or an application of your own that operates on the acquired data it seems reasonable to ask for 10 times the total acquisition memory that you will be using at the same time in the application Performance is likely to be deg
73. omplete the following steps to install the software for Windows 2000 XP Vista 7 32 64 Insert the Acqiris Software CD into the CD ROM drive of your computer If the Autorun program does not start automatically Autoplay disabled you can start it manually or navigate to the AcqgirisSoftware Windows folder in order to display the files included Choose Install AcqirisSoftware for Windows 2000 XP 2003 Server Vista 7 or run Setup exe from the AcqirisSoftware Windows folder After several seconds for initialization the first of many screens will appear Please note the following points tis good practice to remove any previously installed version of Acqiris software If the program finds that there is still Acqiris software installed on your machine a warning panel will appear When upgrading from an old version under Windows 2000 you must uninstall all Agilent Acqiris devices manually prior to running the installer nthe Select Install Type window selecting Custom installation will let you select individual packages for loading The space indicated for LabVIEW Firmware and UserManual packages is incorrect The correct values are 7 MB 40 MB and 30 MB respectively A full installation requires just under 300 MB of disk User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 11 of 45 A A A If MATLAB is installed on your machine you will be asked to point the installer to the MATLAB root directory You should do this if you want the in
74. one Gate is available the field to the right of the 01 07256 v Com Values sign can be used to select a gate for editing Note that the Gate Nbr Gates Length is to the left of the Gate Position which implies that it has priority This means that Gate Position will be forced to satisfy the 1 relation Gate Position Gate Position lt Waveform Length Gate Length ES The Individual gate mode is what will normally be used when there i z is more than one region of interest The Common gate mode is Gate Length useful to judge the readout overhead associated with more data 256 E The Invert Data option can be enabled to allow the peak definition to select negative going peaks Load Save The Load and Save options can be used to store recall predefined sets of gates 4 4 3 Threshold Gate definition For the Threshold Gate mode the selectors for the Maximum number of gates per segment the Fixed Number of Samples after the first one satisfying the poesie Etta threshold condition the number of PreSamples and the number of PostSamples Invert Data Threshold Gates lll will be shown Setting MaxNbrGates 0 and or FixedNbrSamples 0 disables their functions The Invert Data option can be enabled to allow the Threshold 025 efa Ri Gates to select data below the ees is nal E Peak detection j i Threshold setting and the peak Paiak Nbr Gates Fixed Nbr Samples Processing mode Interpolated Peaks y definition to select negativ
75. oper system operation when using the IC200 IC414 or other PCI extension interface to connect a CCIOX crate to a remote PC the crate must be powered on before the PC in order for the PC BIOS to recognize the presence of the CompactPCI crate 4 If devices were installed using a previous version of Acqiris software the instruments in these logical positions may still appear as Unknown Devices This can be changed to the new Acqiris type category with the Grey Diamond icon by Uninstalling the device and then Installing again Instructions on this procedure can be found in the ReadMe txt file in the manuals folder of your Acqiris software installation 2 5 After Restarting 2 5 1 Windows 2000 Under Windows 2000 you must login with administrator privileges after the first boot following the hardware installation the Plug amp Play system must have the appropriate privileges to be able to complete your hardware installation successfully After a successful hardware installation you will be able to use your Acqiris digitizer s with normal privileges At the first boot following the hardware installation Windows will detect the new hardware and will install the devices automatically The following image will appear cqiris PCI Instrument Installing NOTE In some systems an application program such as AcqirisLive will not yet work correctly at this point One additional boot cycle may be needed if this is the first time that a
76. or the clipped portion of a signal should be regarded as erroneous 3 2 6 Vertical Resolution The AP Series Analyzers use an ADC system with 8 bits of vertical resolution 256 levels The dynamic range of the ADC covers the Full Scale FS of the Input Voltage setting For example if the Input Voltage is set to 500 mV then the ADC resolution is equivalent to 1 95 mV To obtain the best dynamic range from the ADC care should be taken to ensure that the input signal varies over more than 50 of the Input Voltage Full Scale FS setting The highest and lowest levels of the ADC correspond to underflow and overflow conditions 3 2 7 DC Accuracy The AP Series Analyzers use low noise front end electronics in order to ensure voltage measurement is made with accuracy and precision DC voltage accuracy is better than 2 1 typical of the input voltage full scale The differential linearity is better than 0 9 LSB for the AP235 AP240 and 0 7 LSB for the AP101 AP201 3 3 Trigger 3 3 1 Trigger Source The trigger source can be a signal applied to either of the Input Channels for internal triggering or the External Trigger Input The modules provide a front panel BNC External Trigger Input The External Input provides a fully functional trigger circuit with selectable coupling level and slope The AP240 and AP235 have 50 2 termination impedance with diode protection against overload A 5 V limit on trigger signals should be respected altho
77. orm with 8192 gates may be incomplete To help avoid this overflow condition a limit can be placed on the number of threshold gates allowed for each segment If this limit 1s active with the value m then the first m 1 gates and the last gate of each segment will be transferred 3 7 3 Time stamp information The 10 MHz reference clock is used to increment a register that is recorded as a time stamp for each trigger accepted by the Analyzer in gated mode These time stamps can be used to fix the absolute time of a trigger If desired the time stamp register can be reset with a hardware signal on the MMCX DPU P1 or P2 connectors It can also be read by the controlling computer at any time when data is available to be read 3 7 4 Peak detection The data selected for treatment by either of the gate mechanisms described above can be further processed to identify the position and amplitude of multiple peaks in each region The peaks are defined using two thresholds to provide some Hysteresis A peak signal must first increase by a given threshold above its starting level and then decrease below its maximum value by the second threshold value The processing algorithm for positive peak search is as follows P1 Starting at the first data point of the gate V 0 skip through the data until the data point voltage exceeds the minimum value observed by StartDeltaPosPeakV The search terminates at the end of the gate Let is be the data point index satisfyin
78. play If desired the current in situ operating temperature of the module can be displayed by either selecting the top line menu item Hardware to getto Read Temperature or clicking on the thermometer icon 4 4 9 Zoom display control C A waveform zoom feature is available by either selecting the top line menu item Hardware to get to Zoom or clicking on the magnifying glass icon x Hor Position 50 00 np 3 Hm Hor Zoom Factor E 2 Vert Position 50 00 pes Vert Zoom F actor x1 y reset Zoom This will activate the Zoom Control menu shown here The horizontal zoom is controlled by the Hor Position with 5046 in the middle of the screen The vertical zoom is controlled by the Vert Position with 0 in the middle of the screen and 50 meaning that the display should be shifted up by the screen height New zoom values can be used on existing data by pushing the Reread button in the Digitizer Control window To clear the display in persistence display mode press the Clear button that appears on the main display window User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 36 of 45 5 Running the APx01 Demo Application 5 1 Getting Started with APx01 Demo Once the software and hardware installation described in Section 2 of this manual is complete you will find APx01 Demo in the start menu of your computer Start APx01 Demo from the menu An initial APx01 Demo load screen will appear followed by
79. raded if less memory is available Display resolution At least 1024 x 768 pixels and 256 colors for use of AcqirisLive or Demo applications Operating System Microsoft Windows Vista Vista 64 bit 7 7 64 bit 2000 XP including 2003 Server Wind River VxWorks 5 5 1 and 6 4 and Linux with kernels 2 4 and 2 6 Users with previous Windows OS versions i e NT4 can download AcqirisSoftware 3 1 from the Agilent WEB site A NOTE Windows 2000 will not be supported in future releases AM NOTE Wind River VxWorks 5 5 1 will not be supported in future releases Hard Drive Space 300 MB for the Complete installation CD Drive or any method to copy the software installation files from CD to the hard drive such as LAN floppy drive etc User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 8 of 45 LabVIEW Full driver implementations are available for National Instruments LabVIEW versions 8 5 8 2 1 and 8 0 LabVIEW 7 1 is frozen at the level of Acqiris Software 3 2 with support for all instruments LabVIEW RT National Instruments LabVIEW RT is supported for the same versions as shown above The VISA driver must be version 3 0 or higher MATLAB The MEX interface can be used with MathWorks MATLAB 7 3 or a newer version Visual BASIC The interface files and examples are available for Microsoft Visual Basic NET Tornado The example files are useable with Wind River Tornado 2 2 1 1 11 CAUTION Cards can be safely transported in their original s
80. respect to the midpoint voltage Vm Offset voltage of the digitizer s vertical scale All trigger circuits have sensitivity levels that must be exceeded in order for reliable triggering to occur The AP240 and AP235 offer level control for all trigger coupling modes Internal trigger level settings expressed in must be within Vm 0 5 FS where FS is the channel Full Scale In addition they implement a Window trigger Two trigger level thresholds are used to define the desired range The trigger can then be chosen to occur either when the signal exits or enters the window range This mode can be thought of as the appropriate OR of two edge triggers of opposite slope For the AP101 and AP201 the AC coupled mode is implemented with an auto level trigger Internal trigger level settings for DC coupling must be within Vm 0 6 FS where FS is the channel Full Scale User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 18 of 45 The AP240 and AP235 models allow the user to choose the external trigger Full Scale from the set of values 0 5 1 0 2 0 or 5 0 V The external trigger level can then be set to values in the range 0 5 FS The AP101 and AP201 models have an external trigger range of 3 V The AP series Analyzers will trigger on signals with a peak peak amplitude gt 15 FS from DC to their bandwidth limit 3 3 4 Trigger Slope The trigger slope defines the direction of the signal that will be used to initiate the acquisition when it pas
81. s at the input at that time It can only be used when in digitizer mode If valid triggers are received at a high enough rate Auto mode behavior differs little from normal mode behavior on the display However if the trigger rate is too low or trigger settings are not appropriate for the characteristics of the signal the input signal will not be stable on the display This occurs because the internal auto trigger generated by the digitizer is asynchronous to the input signal Auto mode is often used to aid in setup when the input signal must be quickly characterized in order to determine proper trigger settings for Normal or Single mode acquisitions User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 40 of 45 5 3 5 Persistence display The controls at the very bottom of the Digitizer Control window are used to choose whether the event display of data points is for the last acquisition only Off or for all the acquired events On A simple Clear button is also present that erases all data points in the display 5 4 The analyzer mode differs fundamentally from the digitizer mode since nothing happens before the trigger is received There is no possibility of acquiring pre trigger data The Analyzer Control window can be closed by Analyzer Control Panel and Functions clicking the X in the upper right hand corner of the window The functionality of each part of the window will be described in the next few sections 5 4 1 Analyzer Timebase and
82. ses through the specified trigger level Positive slope indicates that the signal is transitioning from a lower voltage to a higher voltage Negative slope indicates the signal is transitioning from a higher voltage to a lower voltage 3 3 5 External Trigger Output When the module is ready to be triggered and a valid trigger signal occurs a trigger output is generated for external use It is always available on the Front Panel Trigger Out MMCX connector NOTE The External Trigger Output functionality is implemented in the hardware No Trigger Out signal occurs for software generated triggers such as those of the AUTO mode of APx01 Demo or through the use of the function AcqrsDl_forceTrigger Trigger Output Block diagram Signal 1 6V swing Ov centered Trigger Out Offset 2 5 V The output swing is 1 6 V 0 8 V when unloaded and 0 8 V when terminated on 50 Q The rise and fall times are 2 5 ns typical The offset can be adjusted by software control in the range 2 5 V 42 5 V unloaded or 1 25 V 1 25 V into 50 Q The maximum output current capability is 15 mA As the output is retro terminated it is possible to drive a 50 O line unterminated HiZ without loss of performance For a TTL compatible signal set the offset to 1 0 V and the swing at destination will be 40 2 to 1 8 V ECL For an ECL compatible signal terminated on 50 Q to 1 2 V set the offset to 1 2 V and the output will be in the range 0 8
83. staller to modify the standard startup m file to add the paths for the MEX interface In the Installation Folder window you will give the name of the root directory of the Acqiris software installation If User Manuals 30 MB and Firmware 40 MB are loaded more space than indicated here will be required on the drive For the case of a Tornado 2 2 installation the folder name should not contain any Spaces AcqirisLive needs the LabWindows CVI 8 0 Run Time Engine to run If Setup has detected that a LabWindows CVI Run Time Engine is already installed on your system it will ask you if you would like to install it locally for AcqirisLive anyway If you are not sure about the version of the CVI Run Time Engine on your system it is recommended to install it locally The Installation Summary window will be shown to allow you to check what you have asked for At this point it is not too late to go back and make changes The actual installation will only be started after clicking on Install in the next window Please read the IMPORTANT Information window text It could help you avoid serious problems Registration of your installation will help Agilent provide you with better support You will also be notified of updates and upgrades All information submitted will be treated in accordance with Agilent s privacy policy Setup will prepare a registration e mail in your e mail client application upon termination of the setup procedure You can then d
84. t and the digitized samples of the signal The TTI resolution is 80 ps The Sequence Acquisition mode allows the capture and storage of consecutive single waveforms Sequence Acquisition mode is useful as it can optimize the digitizer s sampling rate and memory requirements for applications where only portions of the signal being analyzed are important The mode is extremely useful in almost all impulse response type applications RADAR SONAR LIDAR Time of Flight Ultrasonics Medical and Biomedical Research etc In Sequence Acquisition mode the acquisition memory is divided into a pre selected number of segments Waveforms are stored in successive memory segments as they arrive Each waveform requires its own individual trigger The memory can be divided into any number of segments between 2 and 200 In Sequence Acquisition mode the user needs to specify the sampling rate the total acquisition memory and number of segments Note that the Single Acquisition mode is just a special case of the Sequence Acquisition mode with the number of segments set to l Sequence acquisition enables successive events which can occur within a very short time to be captured and stored without loss A crucial feature of Sequence Acquisition mode is that it has a very fast trigger rearm time A fast trigger rearm helps produce very low dead time less than 800 ns for the highest available sampling rates between the segments of a sequence acquisition The
85. t the first data point of the gate skip through the data until the data point value falls below the minimum value observed by StartDeltaNegPeak The search terminates at the end of the gate This means that diis max d 0 d is StartDeltaNegPeak n2 Continue scanning through the data until the data point value is greater than the minimum value observed plus ValidDeltaPosPeak The search terminates at the end of the gate This means that d i min d is d iv and d iv gt dfiy ValidDeltaNegPeak n3 Record the value and position of the accepted minimum data point if any There will be a result if condition n1 above is satisfied 3 8 4 Peak Interpolation Data in the bins around the simple peak positions can be used to give better values of the peak position and amplitude This additional processing is done in the host computer using data around the identified peaks It can be invoked independently of how the peaks are detected A 3 point spline calculation of the peak position and amplitude is used User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 26 of 45 3 9 External Clock and Reference For applications where the user wants to replace the internal clock of the Analyzer and drive the ADC with an external source an External Clock or Reference signal input is available The Clock or Reference signals can be entered into the Analyzer via the MMCX CK connector on the front panel When using an External Clock the user m
86. tall the software anyway and don t ask For my approval O Warn Prompt me each time to choose an action O Block Never install unsigned driver software Administrator option Y Make this action the system default User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 10 of 45 The PCI 8570 PXI 8570 User s Manual Rev 1 00 section 2 4 contains the software installation instructions These should be executed before allowing the hardware installation process to look for the driver If you have an AdLink CD Version 2004A4 or later you can use it if not you should download the latest driver from the WEB site http www adlinktech com You can then continue with the Hardware Installation A reboot will then be necessary At this point the Stargen Fabric PCI Adapter and the Stargen Aruba Fabric to PCI Bridge should appear correctly installed under System Devices in the Device Manager NOTE If you have an AdLink CD Version 2005A3 or later you can find 8570install exe in the folder X Driver Installation PXI Platform PXI Extension PCI_PXI 8570 Wnt2kxp and the starfabl inf file in the folder X Driver Installation PXI Platform WPXI Extension PCI PXI 8570 Win98 2 2 Installing the Software under Windows 2 2 1 Warnings If Setup detects a previous installation of Acqiris software on your system a warning screen will be displayed It is recommended to exit Setup and uninstall older versions The installer from software releases prior to Acqiris
87. tches or exceeds the requirements specified Chapter 2 INSTALLATION covers all elements of installation and performance verification Before attempting to use your Acqiris product for actual measurements we strongly recommend that you read all sections of this chapter Chapter 3 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION provides a full description of all the functional elements of the Analyzer Chapter 4 RUNNING THE SSR DEMO APPLICATION describes the operation of an application that enables basic operation of Acqiris AP235 AP240 digitizers and analyzers in a Windows 2000 XP Vista 7 32 64 environment Chapter 5 RUNNING THE APX01 DEMO APPLICATION describes the operation of an application that enables basic operation of Acqiris APIOI AP201 digitizers and analyzers in a Windows 2000 XP Vista 7 32 64 environment For information necessary for writing your own software to control Acqiris products you should refer to the Programmer s Guide and the Programmer s Reference Manual 1 3 Conventions Used in This Manual The following conventions are used in this manual This icon to the left of text warns that an important point must be observed WARNING Denotes a warning which advises you of precautions to take to avoid being electrically shocked CAUTION Denotes a caution which advises you of precautions to take to avoid electrical mechanical or operational damages NOTE Denotes a note which alerts you to important information Italic text denotes a war
88. th 1 GHz of analog bandwidth while the AP201 delivers the same real time sampling rates with 500 MHz of analog bandwidth and the AP235 and AP101 offer sampling to 1 GS s with 500 MHz of analog bandwidth Signal conditioning The AP235 AP240 models include all of the required input signal conditioning such as gain from 50 mV to 5 V Full Scale offset adjustment bandwidth limiter and 50 DC coupling The models AP101 AP201 Analyzer offer similar functionality with gains ranging from 50 mV to 500 mV Full Scale The inputs are fully protected and internal calibration is a built in feature A crystal controlled time base and advanced trigger circuits are used to allow fast and stable acquisitions Buffered Operation All of the Acqiris Analyzers offer a buffered acquisition mode A sequence of waveforms can be acquired while simultaneously processing and reading out a previously acquired waveform sequence Data reduction through selective readout of pre defined gates in each waveform segment is also possible Furthermore the AP235 AP240 models implement a threshold gate readout mode that allows data driven readout of interesting data only AP235 AP240 models with the Peak THC option and the AP101 AP201 models support data processing to find peaks in the gates Front panel control signals In order to ease the integration and synchronization of the Analyzer in a large variety of systems a number of input and output signals are made available
89. the acquired waveform were captured just prior to the trigger event Maximum Post trigger delay settings depend on the sample interval used Post trigger delays are adjustable up to 200 MS User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 39 of 45 5 3 3 Trigger oll xj Trigger characteristics are set using the settings in the Trig Control sub Trigger Source Level menu The Trigger Source setting can be either Internal trigger on any one Ch 11 of the input channels or External trigger on an external input The Trigger ba Class is always Edge Trigger Class The Coupling section also contains a selection for AC or DC coupling AC Edge P coupling on the trigger sets the trigger circuit to an AC Low Frequency Trigger Coupling Reject mode In this mode the trigger is auto level and the level value will DC be ignored IESUS Use the Level section to set the desired trigger level The relationship Positive y between coupling trigger source and trigger level was discussed in section 3 3 3 Trigger Level Use the Slope section to choose the appropriate edge for the desired trigger 5 3 4 Acquisition Mode The acquisition mode of the analyzer digitizer is selected using one of four acquisition mode buttons in the Acquisition section of the Control panel Available acquisition modes are Auto digitizer only Normal Single and Stop The use of each of the acquisition modes is described below In the discussion a valid trigger ind
90. the three screws R from the adjustable retainer and move the retainer against the fans 3 Introduce the digitizer into the PCI slot and tighten the front panel screw 4 Push the retainer into the PCI slot guide and tighten the three screws R The digitizer is now installed 5 To remove the digitizer it is necessary to first release the three screws R and pull back the adjustable retainer Connect the fan s cable Power cable Spacer A Screws R G NINO Screw R S Adjustable retainer Spacer B User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 45 of 45
91. ugh somewhat higher voltages for short time periods will not damage the unit The AP101 and AP201 have both 1 MQ and 50 termination impedance Overload protection will automatically switch the coupling from 50 Q to 1 MQ if the signal is greater than 5 V DC If 50 O termination is selected a 5 V limit on trigger signals should be respected although somewhat higher voltages for short time periods will not damage the unit For 1 MQ input signals up to 100 V DC peak AC lt 10 KHz are allowed 3 3 2 Trigger Coupling Trigger coupling is used to select the coupling mode applied to the input of the trigger circuitry The AC LF Reject mode couples signals capacitively and removes the input signal s DC component and frequencies below 50 Hz for the AP240 and AP235 models and 50 KHz for the AP101 and AP201 DC mode allows all signal components to be passed through to the trigger circuit The AP240 and AP235 models have an HF Reject mode that removes signal components above 50 KHz They also implement an HF trigger that allows triggers to be reliably accepted at rates above GHz In this mode triggers occur on every fourth positive edge In the HF mode negative slope and window triggers are not available 3 3 3 Trigger Level The trigger level specifies the voltage at which the selected trigger source will produce a valid trigger The trigger level is defined as a set voltage Using the internal trigger with DC coupling the level is set with
92. ule in a CompactPCI crate Follow the instructions of the crate manufacturer to insert the DC Series card into a free CompactPCI peripheral slot Be sure to ground yourself by touching the grounded crate and avoid touching any components on the DC Series card Be sure to tighten both front panel mounting screws to lock the module into place and insure proper grounding of the frame NOTE To ensure the best possible performance users of Acqiris CCI21 Crates with AS bus systems should respect the module placement rules to be found in the Agilent Acqiris 21 slot CompactPCI Crate User Manual PCI Bus extension module in a PC Consult the manufacturer s documentation for any special instructions Open the PC identify a free PCI slot and carefully insert the card into it Be sure to ground yourself by touching the grounded PC frame and avoid touching any components on the card Make sure that the grounding of the card s mounting bracket to the back panel rail of the computer is done correctly Close the PC Connect the module to the CompactPCI crate controller Turn on the power of the crate s if present and then the PC and start the operating system NOTE Acqiris digitizers are equipped with a LED If this LED is not glowing orange or red when the power is applied there is a severe problem Either the module is broken or the necessary voltages for its use are not available User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 12 of 45 NOTE For pr
93. ust ensure that the input signal has a frequency between 20 MHz and 2000 MHz for the AP235 AP240 models or between 10 MHz and 500 MHz for the AP101 AP201 models and a minimum amplitude of at least 1 V peak to peak 2 V for the AP101 AP201 models The External Clock allows the Analyzer to make a voltage measurement when the clock signal passes through a predefined threshold For the AP240 AP235 single channel mode and the AP101 the external clock sampling rate is the same as the external clock frequency However for the AP240 AP235 dual channel mode the sampling rate is Ya of the clock frequency and for the AP201 it is 2 times the clock frequency The AP240 AP235 single channel mode cannot be used with a Start Stop external clock The threshold range is variable and user selectable between 2 V The signals should not exceed 5 V amplitude For applications that require greater timing precision and stability than is obtainable from the internal clock a 10 MHz Reference signal can be used The amplitude and threshold conditions for an External Reference are the same as for the External Clock If phase synchronization between several Analyzers is required the reference signal should be applied to all of them The allowed frequency range is 9 0 MHz 10 2 MHz When using an External Clock the Resync trigger mode is not functional 3 10 Front Panel Inputs and Controls Name Pune Connector AP101 AP201
94. varying the amount of acquisition memory or the sampling rate of the digitizer 3 5 2 Pre and Post Trigger Delay Digitizer Mode To increase trigger flexibility a pre or post trigger delay can be applied to the trigger position However pre trigger is not available in the analyzer mode The amount of pre trigger delay can be adjusted between 0 and 100 of the acquisition time window i e sampling interval x number of samples whereas the post trigger delay can be adjusted between 0 and 200 million samples Pre or post trigger delays are just different aspects of the same trigger positioning parameter e The condition of 100 pre trigger indicates that all data points are acquired prior to the trigger i e the trigger point is at the end of the acquired waveform e The condition of 0 pre trigger which is identical to a post trigger of 0 indicates that all data points are acquired immediately after the trigger i e the trigger point is at the beginning of the acquired waveform e The condition of a non zero post trigger delay indicates that the data points are acquired after the trigger occurs at a time that corresponds to the post trigger delay i e the trigger point is before the acquired waveform The digitizer hardware accepts pre and post trigger adjustments in increments of 16 samples By definition post trigger settings are a positive number and pre trigger settings are a negative number Thus it is only natural that the
95. will save the data by overwriting the file previously created The data is stored in ASCII format as Raw ADC values In order to convert the Raw ADC values into Volts the following formula should be used V vGain data vOffset Where vGain and vOffset can be found in the header of the file User Manual Agilent Acqiris Analyzers Page 42 of 45 5 5 2 Control panel reactivation If either one of the Control panels have been closed they can be made to reappear by either using the top R line menu item Hardware to get to Digitizer Ctrl or Analyzer Ctrl or clicking on one of the two icons shown here 5 5 3 Temperature display If desired the current in situ operating temperature of the module can be displayed by either selecting the top line menu item Hardware to get to Read Temperature or clicking on the thermometer icon 5 5 4 Zoom display control LA A waveform zoom feature is available by either selecting the top line menu item Hardware to get to Zoom Control x Hor Position Zoom or clicking on the magnifying glass icon This will activate the Zoom Control menu shown here The horizontal zoom is controlled by the Hor Position with 50 in the middle of the screen The vertical zoom is controlled by the Vert Position with 0 in the middle of the screen and 50 00 50 meaning that the display should be shifted up by the screen height New 4 gt zoom values can be used on existing data by pushing the Rerea
96. y of Modules Specification and Assembly Instructions SPECIFICATIONS Airflow 16 m3 h typical speed 6500 rpm maximal noise 30 dB A Nominal Voltage 5 VDC Power input 2 1 W With electronic protection against reverse polarity impedance protected against blocking and overloading Operating temperature 0 C to 70 C Life expectancy at 25 C 50000 hours Safety approvals CE VDE UL and CSA Materials Box of stainless steel aluminium and fan of fiberglass reinforced plastic PBT housing PA impeller HOW TO INSTALL REMOVE THE FAN ON A DIGITIZER Remove the digitizer from the PC prior to installing or removing the fan unit Twist the fan s cable a few times in order for the 2 wires to stay together Introduce the cable between the spacers A and B at the back of the digitizer Push the fan unit into the back of the digitizer so that the two springs lock into place Insure that the two springs are safely attached behind the two spacers and that the fan s box is in contact with the digitizer cover Connect the fan s cable as shown in the figure below The position of the power connector can vary between different digitizer models To remove the fan unit first unplug its power cable and then press on both fan springs and pull it away from the digitizer conr onm D 1 HOW TO INSTALL REMOVE THE DIGITIZER IN A PCI SLOT OF A PC 1 Install the fan on the digitizer as described above 2 Release
97. ystem SI Units via a national metrology institute NIST NPL NRC PTB CENAM INMETRO BIPM etc The measured performance is then compared to published data sheet specifications Agilent Technologies tests the performance corresponding to all data sheet specifications for all installed options every time If we observe your instrument to be out of specification we always adjust it and re test before we return it to you For more information or to return your instrument to Agilent for calibration please see www agilent com find calibration 3 13 Electrical Environmental and Physical Specifications 3 13 1 Electrical Power Consumption W CURRENT REQUIREMENTS A Model Maximum Typical 12V 5V 3 3V 12 V AP240 56 47 1 1 2 8 8 4 0 04 AP235 56 47 1 1 2 8 8 4 0 04 AP101 39 1 3 2 6 2 8 0 04 AP201 48 1 3 3 3 4 5 0 04 Except for the high total power consumption all modules conform to Revision 2 2 of the PCI Local Bus Specification They use the PCI Bus at 33 MHz All of these modules are capable of DMA transfers at rates 100 MB s 3 13 2 Environmental and Physical The modules have a Declaration of Conformity according to ISO IEC Guide 22 and EN45014 and CE Marks of Compliance Operating Temperature 0 to 40 C The above values are for the ambient temperature of the room or equivalent where the PC is located The temperature as measured on the board may well be significantly higher O

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