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Mote Hardware Session

1. 50 of 916M hz mica2 Hardware MAC encryption 128 byte Rx Tx fifo FCC certified Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON MICA3 Coming Soon Chipcon CC1020 Radio Same platform Atmegal28 flash as MICA2 433Mhz and 916 Mhz bands GFSK 76 kps throughput 27dbm output for extended range FCC certified Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 14 Next Generation Atmega 2004 0 1 uA power down 10uA for ATmega128 1 8 volt operation 2 4 for ATmega128 Atmega256 256K flash SK ram Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 15 Crossbow Sensor Boards MTSIOICA MICA MICA2 Light photo resistor Temperature Thermistor Prototyping area MDA300CA MICA2DOT Protoyping MTS300CA MICA MICA2 Light Temperature Acoustic Sounder 2 Axis Accelerometer ADXL202 and 2 Axis Magnetometer Crossb w SMARTER Sensor and Data Acquisition Boards User s Manual 16 MTS101CA Light photo resistor Clairex CL94L Thermistor YSI 44006 Both sensor are highly non linear Good prototyping area To use this sensor board add modify the apps app makefile for R2 Thermistor Photoresistor SENSORBOARD basicsb a C gnd analog gnd analog n Therm istor RT 1 Light Sensor R2 d SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 17 MDAS00CA Prototyping board for mica2dots TRH TH TFI TES TR TPIT Tei Crossb w SMAR
2. 1V Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 10 Mica2Dot Sensor Interface DESCRIPTION GND ADC7 ADC6 ADCS ADC4 VCC PW1 PWO UART TXD UART RXD RESETN SPI CK ADC3 ADC2 PWMIB GND INTO THERM PWR 6 ADC Channels 6 I O Channels Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON CROSSBOW M TES c 2007 TRE TRIS me 14 Pl TRD TP21 11 Battery Life Computation Two models Model 1 2 _ units 0 current full operation 6 ma 1 0 5 e duty cycle current sleep 8 ua 99 5 current receive 8 ma 0 4 e 5 duty cycle current xmit 12 ma 0 1 current sleep 2 ua 99 5 15 0 0 Conclusion ion 0 2 ua 100 100 e To achieve multi current sleep 5 ua 99 5 year battery must 5 sleep most of the time Fs vr rorem 35 00 Spread Sheet in on CD Hie 25 00 20 00 Model 1 Model 2 15 00 Battery Life months 10 00 Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON Battery Capacity m a hr MICAz Coming Soon Chipcon CC2420 802 15 4 Zigbee Radio Same platform Atmegal28 flash as MICA2 2 4 Ghz same as Wi Fi and Bluetooth Direct Spread Spectrum 250 kps throughput Range Indoors 00 80 of 916 Mhz mica2 Outdoors 150
3. ADCO Radio s RSSI Shared Mica2 Channels e ADC7 Battery monitor can be shared with another channel but will have 10K ohm impedance e ADC4 ADC7 JTAG If using JTAG debug these channels won t work as ADC inputs Shared Mica2Dot Channels e ADCI Shared for both thermistor and battery voltage e ADC4 ADC7 JTAG If using JTAG debug these channels won t work as ADC inputs Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON Mica2 Sensor Interface 0 Rev Uart Tx PWO GPIO PWM PWI GPIO PWM FV GPIO PWM PW3 GPIO PWM GPIO PWM GPIO PWM RD uP reset Blue OK to use Yellow OK to use but has shared functionality Red Do no use See Atmegal28 specification for more information regarding signal functionality Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 9 Mica2 Sensor Interface lt PVW O 7 VSNSR INT O 3 lt lt UART RADO 3 20 PWO Ne IN2 a 22 A NT NT 1 4 at Bw2 7 ST INTO 6 7 AON Aa PW4 72 3 A DC 0 7 yc ED 1 B Br ADCG e 11477721 8 WR ia ta aoa 7 _ 15 LA ape 7 USART1 CLK X 15 L T 1 PROG MISO ia SCK lt THERM PWR USART1 RAD TD D LISART1_TXD af 2 CLK glis 2 PW NI 1B PWM TA urn n EE at DF9B 5158
4. Mote Hardware Session Overview Platforms amp Interfaces Sensor Boards and Design Programming Boards Gateways Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 1 Cr SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON Mote 2 2 Dot Microcontroller 1 2 onlv I us E O 24LC256 ATASDBOATB 1 AT90LS 535 Atmegal63 Atmesal28 128 Atmesal28 4 14 Y 8 6 n SOREL C Nonvolatile storage Radio Communication Programmable via CC 1000 resisters Manchester hardware Proerammable resistor potentiometer SecDed software x 2 Bor Ain Over Ain Over Ain ied Pgmb Pgmbl Frequency MHz 433 or 916 EEE L UE 38 Kb Encoded 38 Kb Encoded 512 Kbytes 512 ERN 512 3 Kbytes Flash Unique Ib No y Yes SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON Common Platform Architecture Atmega uP 32Khz crystal and 4Mhz 7 3728Mhz Mica2 crystal 10 bit ADC LEDS UART Mica2 Mica2Dot have 2 SPI bus Atmega uP HSV 14 TVld3S 2 bus hardware for mica2 mica2dot Radio RFM or Chipcon 1000 YOLOANNOD Nid LS External serial flash memory 512K byte RADIO Connectors for interfacing to sensor and programming boards 3 programmable led
5. TER SENSORS IN SILICON 18 MTS300CA MTS310CA Light Photo Clairex CL94L Temperature Panasonic ERT JI VR103J Acceleration ADI ADXL202 2 axis Resolution 2mg Magnetometer Honeywell HMC1002 Resolution 134uG Microphone 25 O m Tone Detector Sounder 4 5kHz Crossb w SENSORBOARD micasb SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 19 MT5400 420 GPS Weather Gps LeadTek 9546 optional SiRFstartII LP chipset 60ma External active antenna 12 channels 15 Meter SA off 7 Meter WAAS corrected DC Booster to maintain required voltage Temperature amp Humidity Sensirion SHT11 All digital 14 bits 3 5 RH accuracy 0 5degC emperature accuracy Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 20 MT5400 420 GPS Weather Barometric Pressure and Temperature Intersema MS5534A digital 300 to1100 mbar 3 accuracy e 10 to 60 degC 3 accuracy Ambient Light TAOS TSL2250 All digital 400 1000nm response eAcceleration ADI ADXL202 2 axis Resolution 2mg 2 K EEPROM for user configuration info Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 21 MDA300 4 External Analog Inputs External Sensors Hiand low level signals Block Screw Terminal channel digital I O relays On board 2 bit ADC 0 2 5 0 3V 0 5 V Ranges Stable 2 5 V Reference 3V and 5V p
6. amp Sensors Atmegal28 is 10 bit 1024 ratio metric ADC ADC Output vs Battery Voltage for 1 5V input f sensor 15 ratio metric then don t have to measure battery voltage Sensor s FS changes with battery voltage Ratio metric sensors may not work over full range of battery voltage be careful scale is proportional to battery voltage Must measure battery voltage to get accurate sensor readings Battery Volts RefVolt ADC FS data Mica2 and Mica2Dot have on board voltage references to calibrate the ADC full scale contrib xbow apps XSensorMica2 LM4041 1 2 Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 32 Other Adcs Sensors MTS420 gps wb and mica2dot weatherboards use sensors with built in ADCs This improves accuracy but at a higher sensor cost 3x 5x cost increase MDA300 uses on board precision 12 bit ADC with a good voltage reference Shared with all 8 input channels Good cost effective solution Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 33 Enclosures for Environmental Ti Co 1810 SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 35 Sensor Power Management Simple Strategy for Low Power Sensors Use Atmega output pins to source sensor power Thermistor Will source 5 10ma of current per pin Analog Switch Strategy gnd analog Use hardware IDC mica2 or software I2C mica2dot in Sourceforge P
7. e Crossingipsensitive Light Sensor SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 26 Mote In Tires Real time control of vehicle dynamics 3 bridge accelerometers 500g 1000g mounted tire Sensor board has 3 channels of amplifiers filters programmable D As for bridge balancing Monitor and analyzed acceleration forces when tire 1s 1n contact with ground Transmit results every revolution 3 motes I master 2 slaves Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 27 Micro Radar Darpa project Detect intruders with micro powered radar detectors and relay data through mote network Drop detectors from UAV ex Predator Ghz Doppler radar detector Done with LLL and Advantaca Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 28 5 x 2 5 x 3 size lt 250 total 2 axis accelerometer Designed for large scale research in distributed robotics and ad hoc wireless networking e 300 each Building Apps with Different ensor Select different sensor boards by ej Ba tinyos Lx editing the apps makefile Raw EC contrib SENSORBOARD micawbdot MES 800 EE B bts i HC interfaces A lb EC platform c sensorboards DEN system 84 types Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 55 honeydot micasb micawb micawbdat nione omnisound pnimag J sounderdot ultrasound 31 Ratiometric Adcs
8. ial port On board ISP uP 16 3x faster than parallel port Shares serial port with mote for base station operation Voltage monitor to protect from low battery voltage wa Y a e Suports Mica Atmegal28 uP only aa NER Nr A 3 a e P i5 Mica2 Mica2Dot Y VEG e JTAG port powered directly Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 39 MIB600 eEthernet connection as serial forwarder Programming through ethernet ISP uP Remote base station operation through ethernet jeujeui3 Remote powered ethernet sensor Remote code debugging through ethernet Ideal for mote network debug SENSOR BOARD Similar configuration eprb used extensively at UCB for mote development Supported in uisp Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 40
9. ower Switch connects sensor power to VCC Switches ADG714 switch has 2 5 ohm on resistance i DC DC Booster Strategy RS g EBENEN da E al Accel Power Tr ham Create battery independent constant supply voltage Hs Te Pon 5 US 1 DATA 3 ax gt Light Power R112 R9 RIV R132 R12 gt 1M gt 1M 1M gt 1M c r coj o1 co I2C BUS 1 DATA Create 5 V or more S Turn booster from analog switch or Atmega Boosters are 80 90 efficient Need good layout and decoupling Not ratiometric Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 36 Mote Programming and Base Station Boards Overview MIB500 MIB300 Parallel Port Programmer MIB510 Serial Port Programmer MIB600 LAN Programmer Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 37 MIB500 MIB300 OBSOLETE Programs mote through the PC s parallel port Supports Mica Mica2 Mica2Dot Voltage monitor to protect from low battery voltage Low battery voltage can cause fuse errors Serial port for base station operation Parallel port can cause flash corruption on some computers due to parallel port drivers THESE MAY BE IRRECOVERABLE Crossbow application note at to help fix uisp problems JTAG connector AVRStudio and JTAG pod allows viewing S fuses SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 38 Programming through the ser
10. ower Designed by UCLA CENS w Crossbow and UCB Crossb w http www cens ucla edu mhr daq SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON MDA420 6 External Analog Inputs External Sensors 2V or 10V FS inputs Block Screw Terminal RPM Mag Pick Up Tachometer Signal SV voltage excitation or 2mA Constant Current sensor excitation On board 6 bit ADC 5 pole programmable anti aliasing filter Up to 25 KiloSample sec sampling 64K sample data storage On board Atmegal28 for data acquisition Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 23 Resolution 400 uGauss Very low power hreg axis E T don a e ma 641 9dl 91 I SMan ILN JSLINDVINNY IN JILIG VIN 24 Used for ranging Up to 2 5m range E A MATT t i KA H AAS 4 oe accuracy Dedicated microprocessor 25kHz element Mica2 and Mica2Dot versions gt Transducer Mica Ultrasonic Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON Mica2Dot Weather Board UCB environmentally packaged weatherboards for GDI Temperature amp Humidity Sensirion SHT1 1 digital 14 bits Barometric Pressure and Temperature Interse na All digital CE 300 to1100 mbar 3 accuracy e 10 to 60 degC 3 accuracy Ambient Light TAOS TSL2250 All digital 400 1000nm respons
11. s 1 for Mica2Dot JTAG port Mica Mica2 Mica2Dot Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 4 Mica2 Motes Mote to PC Interface Board MIB500 2x Prototyping Boards MDA500 3x Sensor Boards MTS300 Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 5 The CC1000 Radio Interface Dedicated cpu bus lines to configure radio registers for radio frequency power e Dedicated SPI bus for data transfer CC1000 is bus master Radio generates one interrupt every 8 bits when In receive mode Runs usually at 38K or 19K bit rate default Manchester 2x bit GC 1000 UND en DIO Data provided by NEE More in depth radio discussion later in session Baud Rate Xmt or Rev Time Does not include random delay Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 6 The Flash Memory Interface 512 K bytes of flash non volatile storage Useful for data logging Used by GSK Generic Sensor Kit and TinyDB for data logging Used by XNP for code download Serial interface to Atmega uP TinyOS driver Logger bit bangs interface Attached to 214 uart port on Mica2 Another driver UCB uses synchonous usart for high speed data transfer SKB Sec driver Beware device consumes 15 ma when storing to memory Crossb w SMARTER SENSORS IN SILICON 7 The ADC Interface Fight channels of 10 bit ADC multiplexed Dedicated channels Mica2 e

Mote Hardware Session

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