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245U-E wireless Ethernet modem user manual

1. Figure 58 Site A and D WDS Configuration Encryption levels and key above are shows as being different but they can be the same as in some of the earlier examples One reason why the encryption level and key would be different is that the access point may have clients that communicate using a different encryption method such as 128 bit WEP and may not support the same encryption method Example 4 WDS Routed Network Figure 59 is an example of using WDS router interfaces to achieve a similar physical topology to the WDS bridge example provided earlier In both examples there are four WDS access points each with the possibility of having their own associated client and stations In both examples Sites A B C and D can all exchange data with each other The bridged example has the advantage of redundancy but at the expense of extra overhead The routed example below cannot provide the redundancy of the bridged example and requires more configuration effort but does not have the overhead of using the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol and therefore is suited to fixed installations that do not require redundancy 58 Site B 192 168 5 X SSID_B Virtual Client SSID SSID_A 192 168 0 3 Site D Site A Virtual Client SSID SSID_C 192 168 6 3 WDS Router 169 254 5 X 192 168 5 X SSID_D 192 168 0 X SSID_A 192 168 6 X SSID_C Virtual Client SSID SSID_A 192 168 0 4 P vea WDS R
2. Each module can be set up to accept different networks by configuring VLAN groups and having the interfaces such as Ethernet Wireless or WDS repeater configured to accept or reject tagged or untagged communications frames Operation VLAN Pass through is enabled by default in the modem No VLAN configuration is needed and modem will pass any VLAN tagged frames To initiate VLAN bridge or router operation VLAN Aware mode must be enabled on the VLAN page VLAN Configuration VLAN Mode VLAN Passthrough In VLAN Passthrough Mode all frames pass transparently through the bridge regardless of whether they are VLAN tagged or untagged In this mode access to the internal management functions is via untagged frames only using the IP Address and Subnet Mask configured on the Network page In VLAN Aware Mode only explicitly configured VLANs are allowed corresponding to the configured VLAN Groups below When one or more VLAN Groups have been configured VLAN passthrough is disabled and VLAN Aware Mode is enabled Notes A maximum of 10 VLAN Groups may be configured Each interface may be added as an untagged member to only one VLAN group When VLANs are enabled all IP Address configuration on the Network and Repeaters page is overridden Leave Managament IP and Netmask blank if no access to management and online configuration is required for a given Each VLAN Group forms a separate bridge whenever two or more interfaces are
3. Internet Figure 1 Network Topology Access Point vs Client The access point unit acts as the wireless master unit The access point accepts and authorizes links initiated by client units and controls the wireless communications Clients Stations are slave units and when connected to the access point becomes transparent Ethernet link Figure 2 shows a connection between two Ethernet devices using 245U E Ethernet modems In this example one 245U E is configured as an access point and the other as a client Client Ethernet Device Figure 2 Access Point and Client Example 1 Figure 3 shows an existing LAN being extended using 245U Es In this example the access point should be configured at the LAN end although the wireless link will still work if the client is at the LAN end Access Point Client Ethernet Ethernet Device Device Figure 3 Access Point and Client Example 2 An access point can connect to multiple clients In this case the access point should be the central unit 8 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Access Point Figure 4 Repeater An access point could be used as a repeater unit to connect two 245U E clients that do not have direct reliable radio paths There is no special repeater module any 245U E can be a repeater and at the same time can be connected to an Ethernet devices or on a LAN Access Access Point Access Point Po
4. OK Green Normal operation OK Red Continuously Supply voltage too low or internal module fault OK Red At Power On Boot loader delay at startup OK Fast Flash Red Green Module boot sequence OK Slow Flash Red Green Module boot sequence Radio RX Green flash Radio receiving data Radio RX Red flash Radio receiving data low signal strength TX LINK Green Connection established to remote device TX LINK Red Flash Radio transmitting RS 232 Green flash Data sent from RS 232 serial port RS 232 Red flash Data received to RS 232 serial port LAN On Link established on Ethernet port LAN Flash Activity on Ethernet port RS 485 Green flash Data sent from RS 485 serial port RS 485 Red flash Data received to RS 485 serial port DIO Green Digital input is grounded DIO Red Digital output is active DIO Off Digital output Off and input is open circuit The green OK LED on the front panel indicates correct operation of the unit This LED turns red on failure as described above When the OK LED turns red shutdown state is indicated On processor failure or on failure during startup diagnostics the unit shuts down and remains in shutdown until the fault is rectified During module boot up the OK LED flashes red green until the boot sequence is complete Boot Status LED Indication During Startup The OK LED indicates the status of the module during the boot up process At power on the OK LED turns red During kernel boot th
5. Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes ARP Filter Configuration Address Resolution Protocol ARP is a broadcast message and is primarily used for finding a MAC address when only the IP or some other Network Layer address is known On large networks you tend to get a high proportion of broadcast messages Using ARP filters is useful for reducing broadcast traffic on the wireless network by only allowing ARP requests for known units to pass or by blocking ARP requests for high use addresses Select Blacklist or A blacklist will block ARP requests that match the entry A whitelist will allow only Whitelist ARP requests that match the entry All other devices are blocked Add Entry Add a row to the table of ARP address filter rules Delete Entry Delete the currently selected ARP address filter rule Enable Select this checkbox to enable the rule IP Address This sets the IP address that you wish to filter IP Netmask Sets the IP netmask Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate Save Changes and Reset Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes 3 20 DHCP Client Configuration Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP allows DHCP clients to automatically obtain their IP address at startup This simplifies network administration because there is no need to manually configure each device with a separate IP address The 245U E is able to act as a
6. 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual APPENDIX E DECLARATION oF CONFORMITY 245U E A Declaration of Conformity ELPRO OR A Bussmann 912 Sillabong Steet Staford Queensiand 4053 Agsvelle Tet 61 7 23S2 6600 Fac 61 7 2352 8677 EUROPEAN DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY EC Directives We ELPRO Tachnologies hereby declare that the product s listad below to which this Declaration of Conformity relates are in conformity with the essential requirements and other relevant requirements of the R amp TTE Directive 1999 5 EC and are CE marked accordingly Product Model s 245U E A Industrial Wireless Ethernet Modem 31S5WH DC A Industrial Wireless Ethernet Modem R amp TTE ARTICLES 3 la Safety EN 60950 1 2006 A1 2010 3 1b EMC EN 301 489 17 V2 1 1 2009 05 3 2 Radio EN 301893 V1 5 1 2008 12 Simed E Date 24th May 2012 John White Enginesring Director Documentation held in Europe by Cooper Sussmenn UK Lid Leicestershire L612 STH Tet 44 0 1509 882737 Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 109 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 245U E G Declaration of Conformity ELPRO adi Bussmann 12 Sillebong Steet Station Qseensiend 4053 Ausvaile Tet 61 7 3352 6600 Fec 61 7 2352 8677 EUROPEAN DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY EC Directives We ELPRO Technologies hereby declare that the product s listad below to which this Declaration of Conformity relates are in confo
7. Address Port Shared secret Supplicant Sets the maximum time at which the Supplicant must re authenticate This Re authenticate parameter determines maximum time a client will still have access to the network Period after its user credentials have been revoked Enable Debug Must only be used during commissioning and only if requested by ELPRO technical support This must be disabled for normal operation Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 35 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual WPA Enterprise Supplicant Client Configuration WPA Enterprise Supplicant Configuration Username Username Password Password Enable Debug T Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Trusted CA certificate upload This certificate belongs to the issuer of the certificate for the 802 1x RADIUS Server Figure 35 WPA Enterprise Supplicant Username User credentials that match a valid user on the RADIUS server Password Enable Debug Must only be used during commissioning and only if requested by ELPRO technical support This must be disabled for normal operation Trusted CA certificate Upload the certificate of the issuer of the RADIUS server s certificate This enables upload the Supplicant to verify the identity of the RADIUS server during the authentication process Supported EAP method is PEAP MSCHAPv2 Certificate Once a certificate has been loaded this field will contain validation information for Verification result th
8. Parabolic antennas should be mounted as per the manufacturer s instructions with the parabolic grid at the back and the radiating element pointing in the direction of the transmission Ensure that the antenna mounting bracket is well connected to ground earth Directional Antenna Figure 12 Collinear Antenna 2 2 Power Supply The 245U E module can be powered from a 9 30 Vdc power supply The power supply should be rated at 1 Amp The positive side of the supply must not be connected to earth ground The supply negative is connected to the unit case internally The DC supply may be a floating supply or negatively grounded Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 15 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual B RS485 QA Tee A i SUPPLY com Figure 13 Power Supply The power requirements of the 245U E unit are shown in the following table 245U E G 245U E A Voltage 12 Vdc 24 Vdc 12 Vdc 24 Vdc Quiescent 290 mA 150 mA 300 mA 160 mA TX 100 mW 310 mA 170 mA 370 mA 190 mA TX 400 mW 340 mA 180 mA 410 mA 210 mA A ground terminal is provided on the back of the module This terminal should be connected to the main ground point of the installation in order to provide efficient surge protection for the module refer to the installation diagram in the 245U E Installation Guide 2 3 Serial Connections RS232 Serial Port The serial port is a 9 pin DB9 f
9. and the Ethernet IP and netmask will no longer be editable See 3 23 VLAN for details on VLAN configuration A system of 245U Es must have at least one access point configured as a master and have one or more clients All 245U Es must have the same system address ESSID For further information and examples on wireless network topologies refer to 1 0 Network Topology The 245U E supports several different radio encryption schemes If utilizing any form of encryption all modules in the system that communicate with each other will need the same encryption method and encryption keys The available encryption methods are as follows e WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy encryption is the weakest encryption method defined by the original IEEE802 11 standard and uses a 40 bit or 104 bit key with a 24 bit initialization vector to give a 64 bit and 128 bit WEP encryption level WEP is not considered an effective security scheme and should only be used if it is necessary to inter operate with other equipment which does not support more modern encryption methods e WPA Wi Fi Protected Access is a subset of the IEEE802 11i Security Enhancements specification e WPA2 Wi Fi Protected Access 2 replaced WPA and provides significant security improvements over this method In particular it introduces CCMP a new AES based encryption mode with strong security e WPA WPA2 PSK Legacy Support enables the modem to communicate to all WPA methods i
10. wi0 the second wi1 and third wi2 are virtual interfaces created on the Repeaters page Each interface is configured as an access point and can be setup with unique SSIDs and encryption settings In this example all three wireless interfaces are untagged so that devices joining each of the networks need not be VLAN aware Untagged data from each of the wireless interfaces are individually bridged with one of the three VLAN aware virtual interfaces VLAN ID 10 VLAN ID 20 and VLAN ID 30 on the physical Ethernet Interface that forms a VLAN trunk Untagged data transferred via the first Wireless interface wi0 is internally bridged with the virtual interface VLAN ID 10 Likewise untagged data transferred via the other two WDS repeater interfaces wil and wi2 are bridged respectively with VLAN ID 20 and VLAN ID 30 The unique VLAN tags are used for corresponding Ethernet data so that the Ethernet port becomes a VLAN trunk Because the 245U E supports flexible VLAN functionality such that any of the available interfaces can have membership to particular VLAN s by assigning membership to one or more VLANs groups virtually any possible topology can be achieved Figure 72 shows the configuration for the multi VLAN example described above Notice that there are four groups configured one for management and one for each of the VLAN IDs The management group only has the untagged Ethernet interface configured which means only untag
11. 185 1 7 54 00M 52 99 EPSs Figure 78 Connected Devices MAC Address Media Access Control address which is a unique factory configured address assigned to the hardware IP Address IP address assigned to the hardware AID Association ID Every client gets a unique temporary ID from the access point CHAN The radio channel being used RATE Radio data rate RSSI Radio signal strength index the amount of received signal strength BGND Background interference level in dBms The amount of internal noise the radio is able to hear This level does not indicate external radio interference noise level CAPS Capabilities Ref 802 11 Standard Site Survey Site Survey is a one off snapshot showing the access points that are available for connection This list is only available on clients and only available at startup of the module or by selecting Background Scanning on the Radio page Site Survey SSID BSSID CHAN RATE S N INT CAPS TEST_SSID 06 12 af 00 56 fe 24 54 00M 52 96 100 ESs WME ATH Figure 79 Connectivity Site Survey SSID The service set identifier or network name used to identify a particular network BSSID The MAC media access control address of the access point CHAN The radio channel being used RATE Maximum radio data rate S N Signal strength and noise level In the case above the signal is 44 dB and the background noise level is 88 dB INT Beacon interval CAPS Capabilities Ref 802 11 Stand
12. 245U E wireless network comprises modules with the same system address ESSID Only modules with the same system address will communicate with each other The system address is a text string 1 to 31 characters long Select a text string which identifies your system Desired BSSID To force a client station to always connect to the same access point enter the MAC address of that access point in the Desired BSSID field Note that the ESSID of the access point must also match the configured ESSID of the client Radio Encryption Select the desired radio encryption level The encryption key passphrase and other security information is entered on the Security menu See 3 7 Security Menu for details Device Mode Used to select Bridge or Router mode By default this is set to Bridge If VLAN is enabled the Device Mode will indicate VLAN and the IP address and netmask will only be editable from the VLAN page Bridge STP Checking this box enables Spanning Tree Protocol in bridged networks See 3 5 Spanning Tree Algorithm for details Obtain IP Address Selecting this option enables DHCP client on the 245U E A DHCP client requests Automatically its IP address from a DHCP server which assigns the IP address automatically For more information see 3 21 DHCP Server Configuration By default this option is not selected www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual IP Address Bridge M
13. 250 kbps 74 dBm 108 Mbps 8 FER 2 Channel Spacing Data Rate 5 MHz spacing 13 channels 2 412 2 472GHz 1 20 MHz spacing 27 channels 5 150 5 8GHz 1 108 Mbps 1 6 108 Mbps 2 Auto Mode selects fastest rate possible relative to RSSI Range LoS 6 mi 10 Km 400 mW 1 3 3 mi 5Km 400 mW 2 3 Antenna Connector 2 x Female SMA Standard Polarity 4 Input Output Discrete I O Input Voltage Free Contact 5 Output FET 30 Vdc 500mA Ethernet Port Ethernet Port 10 100baseT RJ45 Connector IEEE 802 3 Link Activity Linke 100baseT via LED Serial Port RS232 DB9 Female DCE RTS CTS DTR DCD RS485 2 Pin Terminal Block Non isolated 6 Data Rate Bps 1200 2400 4800 9600 14400 19200 38400 57600 76800 115200 230400 Bps Serial Settings 7 8 Data Bits Stop Start Parity Configurable Protocols Configuration System Address ESSID 1 31 Character Text String Protocols Supported TCP IP UDP ARP SNMP RADIUS 802 1x DHCP DNS PPP ICMP HTTP FTP TFTP TELNET MODBUS and MODBUS TCP User Configuration User Configurable Parameters via HTTPS Embedded Web Server Configurable Parameters Access Point Client Bridge Router Point to Point Point to Multi Point Wireless Distribution System AP AP Repeater Modbus TCP RTU Gateway Serial Client Server Multicast Simultaneous RS232
14. E with Modbus TCP to RTU gateway enabled Care should be taken to ensure that the device ID Modbus address of the serial device is different than the device ID of the onboard Modbus TCP server of the 245U E to which the serial device is connected The 245U E provides a configurable option to automatically reset the value of the onboard I O registers to zero in the event of a communications failure If a valid Modbus transaction directed to or from a given register has not been completed for longer than a configurable timeout the value of that register will be reset to zero The example shown in Figure 46 shows a typical Modbus setup In this example the status of the onboard digital input at B will be reflected at the onboard digital output at C Also eight single bit registers from Modbus serial device D will be transferred to A 192 168 0 123 192 168 0 200 Modbus TCP Modbus TCP Client Server Modbus RTU Modbus RTU Slave Slave A D Figure 46 Modbus Setup Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 49 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Modbus TCP Client Mappings AddEntry Delete Entry Local 10 Function Code Destination Device Server IP Address Response Comm Fail Register Count Register Id Timeout ms Register 4 4300 1 15 Write Coils X 4320 1 192 168 0 200 1000 0 2 f 8 02 Read Discretes v 1 6 192 168 0 200 1000 0 3 1 8 15 Write Coils X 1 5 192 168 0 123 1000 0 Figure 47 Modbus Mappings
15. Enter the UDP port number that all members of the group will use all group members should use the same port number Multicast Group IP Enter a valid Multicast IP Address identifying the group All group members should Address use the same Multicast Group IP Address Valid multicast IP addresses are in the range 224 0 1 0 to 238 255 255 255 Serial Gateway Mode Modbus Allows a serial Modbus client master to connect with a single Ethernet Modbus TCP server slave Character Timeout Enter the maximum delay in msec between received serial characters before packet is sent via network Packet Size The number of received bytes that will be buffered before a packet is sent via the network Modbus Server Port Enter the TCP port number of the remote server the remote port to automatically connect to Modbus Server IP Enter the IP Address of the remote server the remote IP Address to automatically Address connect to Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 45 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual RS 232 RS485 Modbus TCP RTU Converter Modbus Server TCP Port number used for the Modbus TCP Standard port is 502 Port Pauses Between Enter the delay between serial request retries in milliseconds Requests Response Timeout Enter the serial response timeout in milliseconds A serial retry will be sent if a response is not received within this timeout period Connection Timeout Enter the TCP connection timeout in seconds I
16. Figure 36 Radio Configuration Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 37 38 Radio Mode Transmit Power Level Channel AP Only Channel Width STA and Auto Channel Only Turbo Mode Transmit Data Rate Beacon Interval AP only Max Distance 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual The 245U E G supports 802 11b and 802 11g radio standards To limit operation to one or the other select the desired standard Normally selecting Auto allows the modem to make the best choice The 245U E A only supports the 802 11a radio standard This allows adjustment of the radio power Do not set the radio power above the allowed setting for your country You can reduce the power for short range applications or to allow the use of high gain transmitter antennas while still complying with the emission requirements of your country See Appendix C CHANNELS for dB to mW conversion The 245U E G radio channels 1 to 13 depending on country may be configured at the access point See 3 1 Selecting a Channel The 245U E A radio channels can be individually set access point only client ignores the selection or left on Auto default Select the appropriate U NII groups 1 2 3 or 4 each having its own group of channels maximum power and DFS selection The default radio channel for both A and G models is Auto When set to Auto on startup the module will scan all available and selected channel groups coun
17. For RSSI see 4 1 Connectivity For information on checking interference or noise see 4 2 Channel Survey Utilization The following table shows the drop in throughput for each hop and for each of the channel widths Data Throughput based on Repeater Hops Hops 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Signal 20 MHz Channel 10 MHz Channel 5 MHz Channel 1000m Int 10 5 5 3 2 6 1 3 7 5 3 8 1 9 0 9 5 0 2 5 1 3 0 6 1000m Ext 16 8 0 4 0 2 0 10 5 5 3 2 6 1 3 6 0 3 0 1 5 0 8 3000m Int 10 5 0 2 5 1 3 7 0 3 5 1 8 0 9 4 7 2 4 1 2 0 6 3000m Ext 15 7 5 3 8 1 9 9 0 4 5 2 3 1 6 0 3 0 1 5 0 8 5000m Int 9 4 5 2 3 1 1 6 0 3 0 1 5 0 8 4 5 2 3 1 1 0 6 5000m Ext 13 6 5 3 3 1 6 8 0 4 0 2 0 1 0 6 0 3 0 1 5 0 8 10000m Int 7 3 5 1 8 0 9 5 0 2 5 1 3 0 6 4 0 2 0 1 0 0 5 10000m Ext 10 5 0 2 5 1 3 7 0 3 5 1 8 0 9 5 0 2 5 1 3 0 6 4 5 Statistics The Statistics webpage is used for advanced debugging of 245U E This webpage details the state of the 245U E and performance information This page is useful to ELPRO technical support in diagnosing problems with the module A 86 www eaton com wireless NOTE When updating the Statistics webpage it is necessary to hold down the CTRL key while clicking Refresh otherwise the information will not be updated Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Statistics Wireless Statistics IEEE 802 11g ESSID TEST_SSID Mode
18. Master Frequency 912 MHz Access Point 06 12 AF 00 56 FE Bit Rate 0 kb s Tx Power 28 dBm Sensitivity 1 1 Retry off RTS thr off Fragment thr off Encryption key off Power Management off Link Quality 26 70 Signal level 58 dBm Noise level 84 dBm Rx invalid nwid 0 Rx invalid crypt 0 Rx invalid frag 0 Tx excessive retries 0 Invalid misc 0 Missed beacon 0 3 tx management frames 1 tx failed due to too many retries 134 long on chip tx retries Interface Statistics Inter Receive Transmit face bytes packets errs drop fifo frame compressed multicast bytes packets 10 16359132 213772 o o o 0 0 16359132 213772 wifi0 263793 1179 0 90 305753 3760 eth0 147045 975 0 0 72 1553607 3907 eth1 6 o 0 0 o wid 456478 2351 0 0 214073 3759 brO 145062 1799 o 123 1443097 4653 Figure 91 Statistics Wireless Statistics On the Statistics webpage Wireless Statistics is the main area for additional diagnostics statistics The list of statistics produced is dynamic and may vary depending on the model and configuration 2 4 GHz 5 GHz or 900 MHz and client or access point Access Point Beacon Miss Count Number of beacons unable to be sent 100 msec intervals due to interference or CCA Beacon Missed After 15 consecutive beacon misses 1 5 seconds this count will increment by 1 Reset Count This will indicate high interference because the AP is holding off sending beacons and utilization will increase TX Queue stopped Messag
19. PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING REPAIR OR CORRECTION IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES INCLUDING ANY GENERAL SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 Notes 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 115 ETN Powering Business Worldwide Eaton s wireless business www eaton com wireless North America amp Latin America 5735 W Las Positas Suite 100 Pleasanton CA 94588 United States Telephone 1 925 924 8500 Southeast Asia 2 Serangoon Nort
20. Program or with a work based on the Program on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License You may copy and distribute the Program or a work based on it under Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following a Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine readable source code which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or b Accompany it with a written offer valid for at least three years to give any third party for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution a complete machine readable copy of the corresponding source code to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or c Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer in accord with Subsection b above The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it For an executable work complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains plus any associated interface definition files
21. TX packets 0 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 256 5 Temporarily change the IP address to one that will enable connection to your local network For example type ifconfig ethO 10 10 0 6 netmask 255 255 255 0 Only add the netmask if the netmask is anything other than the standard 255 255 255 0 6 Verify that the IP address is changed by typing ifconfig again Note that these changes are only temporary and if the module is reset the IP address will return to the normal default 192 168 0 XXX 7 Open Internet Explorer and ensure that settings will allow you to connect to the IP address selected If the PC uses a proxy server ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the proxy server for local addresses This option may be modified by opening Tools gt Internet Options gt Connections Tab gt LAN Settings gt Proxy Server gt bypass proxy for local addresses 8 Enter the IP address for the 245U E into the Internet Explorer address bar For example if you changed the temporary address in step 5 to 10 10 0 6 you would enter http 10 10 0 6 Enter the username user and default password user You should now be connected to the main index page on the modem 9 Connect to the Network page and change the Ethernet interface and Wireless interface IP addresses to 10 10 0 6 10 Switch the RUN SETUP switch back to RUN and click Save Changes and Reset NOTE Because the mode
22. USA Max TX Power Master Power Slave TX Power Power Power 36 5180 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 40 5200 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 44 5220 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 48 5240 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 52 5260 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 56 5280 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 60 5300 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 64 5320 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 100 5500 26 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 104 5520 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 108 5540 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 112 5560 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 116 5580 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 120 5600 26 dBm 20 dBm n a 20 dBm 24 dBm 124 5620 26 dBm 20 dBm n a 20 dBm 24 dBm 128 5640 26 dBm 20 dBm n a 20 dBm 24 dBm 132 5660 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 136 5680 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 104 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Channel Freq MHz Europe Max TX Europe Max TX Australia Max NZ Max TX USA Max TX Power Master Power Slave TX Power Power Power 140 5700 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 149 5745 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 153 5765 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 157 5785 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 161 5805 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 165 5825 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 802 11a Turbo Maximum Radio Transmitter Power Channel Freq MHz
23. VLAN ID 30 respectively Configuration for these wireless bridges is set from the Repeaters page see the example in Figure 74 WDS Connections Add Entry Delete Entry Connection Mode SSID MAC Address Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 Access Point Downlink Guest WEP 128 bit dDS 34aZx 169 254 5 100 255 255 255 0 m 2 Access Point Downlink Production WPA2 PSK AES WiReLeSs_TeChNoLoGy 10 94 74 100 255 255 255 0 a Figure 74 WDS Encryption Notice that all three wireless interfaces are setup as access points but are configured with different SSIDs and encryption methods keys If encryption fields are left blank the connection will use the default wireless interface parameters as configured on the Network page Likewise if the router IP and subnet are left blank the connection will use the same default settings NOTE Router IP and subnet do not need to be configured in WDS Connections because it will use the IP address assigned in the VLAN group The VLAN Multiple Wireless Interfaces example above shows that each group is using a different VLAN priority Priorities can be given to each interface by configuring a value between zero and seven seven being the highest priority and one being the lowest These values can be used to prioritize the configured VLAN networks In our example the Production VLAN has the highest priority which means it will have more time slots available
24. Version 2 13 Wed May 30 11 13 09 EST 2012 Version 144 Wed May 30 11 10 50 EST 2012 Figure 25 Main Screen 11 To resume normal configured operation when configuration is complete switch the factory default DIP switch on the 245U E to RUN and cycle power A NOTE Security Certificates Configuration of the 245U E uses an encrypted link https The security certificate used by the 245U E is issued by ELPRO and matches the IP address 192 168 0 100 When you first connect to the 245U E your Web browser will issue a warning that ELPRO is not a trusted authority Ignore this warning and proceed to the Configuration webpage To avoid seeing this warning in the future you can install the certificate into your browser Internet Explorer 7 has an additional address check on security certificates Unless the 245U E has the address 192 168 0 100 when you first connect to the 245U E Internet Explorer 7 will issue a warning about mismatched security certificate address You can turn off this behavior in IE7 by selecting Tools gt Internet Options gt Advanced gt Security gt Warn about certificate address mismatch Method 2 Set 245U E Network Address to Match the Local Network For this method you will need to determine what IP address gateway address and netmask to assign to the 245U E so that it appears on your network Ask your system administrator if you do not know the correct settings for your network The default IP address of the
25. access point then uses this channel to send out beacon transmissions and connections Clients scan all channels for a suitable access point and then adopt the same channel as the access point when a connection is established Figure 20 shows the RF energy distribution for the 802 11b g transmission Frequency 2407 2412 2417 2422 2427 2432 2437 2442 2447 2452 2457 2462 2467 2472 2477 2482 MHz j 40MHz Turbo 6 j Frequency Band C oma zine a zine 20MHz 5 20MHz 10 Channels not 10MHZz 42 10MHz 44 10MHz 46 10MHz 48 10MHz 50 10MHz 52 5MHz 21 5MHz 22 5MHz 23 5MHz 24 5MHz 25 5MHz 26 5MHz 27 SMHz 28 SMHz 29 5MHz 30 5MHz 31 Figure 20 2 4 GHz Frequencies On the 20 MHz channel green most of the energy is transmitted within the channel but some of the energy is transmitted on the channels on either side therefore causing interference on the these channels The 10 MHz channels orange are similar with half of the energy overlapping into the next channel but you can configure up to 6 x non interfering channels at the same time The 5 MHz channels blue do not overlap so all 13 channels can be used at the same time There is also a single 40 MHz Channel purple that takes up over half of the full 2 4 GHz band and is therefore much more susceptible to interference from other channels If there is more than one 802 11 access point within the same wireless ra
26. at any a time Therefore communication protocols based on the RS 485 standard require some type of arbitration RS485 is a balanced differential standard but it is recommended that shielded twisted pair cable be used to interconnect modules to reduce potential RFI It is important to maintain the polarity of the two RS485 wires An RS485 network should be wired as indicated in the diagram below and terminated at each end of the network with a 120 ohm resistor On board 120 ohm resistors are provided and may be engaged by operating the single DIP switch in the end plate next to the RS485 terminals The DIP switch should be in the 1 on position to connect the resistor If the module is not at one end of the RS485 cable the switch should be off A NOTE Shorter runs of 485 cable may not require the termination resistors to be enabled Modem Wireless Ethernet HOST HOST HOLIMS did Linvssd LANYSAHL gt A UoZ YOS HOLIMS did F 120 03 Figure 15 Multidrop Serial Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 17 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Bra LINK Sooo aa ALT ieee oei B A SETUP ETHERNET RS232 COM DIO GES RS 485 SUPPLY Figure 16 End Plate 2 4 Discrete Digital Input Output The 245U E has one on board discrete digital I O channel This channel can act as either a discrete input or discrete output It can be monitored set remotely or alternatively
27. authors commit by using it The Free Software is copyrighted by Free Software Foundation Inc and the program is licensed As is without warranty of any kind Users are free to contact Eaton at the email address Elpro sales eaton com for instructions on how to obtain the source code used in the 245U E A copy of the license is included in Appendix F GNU FREE DOCUMENT LICENSE Important Notice ELPRO products are designed to be used in industrial environments by experienced industrial engineering personnel with adequate knowledge of safety design considerations ELPRO radio products are used on unprotected license free radio bands with radio noise and interference The products are designed to operate in the presence of noise and interference However in an extreme cases radio noise and interference could cause product operation delays or operation failure As with all industrial electronic products ELPRO products can fail in a variety of modes due to misuse age or malfunction We recommend that users and designers design systems using design techniques intended to prevent personal injury or damage during product operation and provide failure tolerant systems to prevent personal injury or damage in the event of product failure Designers must warn users of the equipment or systems if adequate protection against failure has not been included in the system design Designers must include this Important Notice in operating procedures and s
28. availability check time No transmissions can occur during this period 2 If interference is detected the system selects another channel and repeats the channel availability check on the new channel the original channel is added to a list of channels with radar 3 Once a channel has been selected and passes the channel availability check the network starts to use that channel 4 While using the channel the network s master device continuously monitors for potential interference from a radar source this is referred to as in service monitoring If interference is detected the network master device issues commands to all other in network devices to cease transmissions The channel is added to the list of channels with radar 5 The master device then selects a new channel one that is not on the radar list 6 Achannel that has been flagged as containing a radar signal either by a channel availability check or by in service monitoring is subject to a 30 minute non occupancy period during which time the channel cannot be used by the device in order to protect scanning radars The channel on the radar list will be purged once the non occupancy period has elapsed for that channel 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time The 245U E has a built in Web server containing webpages for analyzing and modifying the module s configuration The configuration can be accessed using Microsoft Internet Explorer version 7 or greate
29. for Unit B Unit C is configured with Modbus TCP server enabled and device ID set to 1 so that the Modbus TCP client at unit B can connect and read the status of the onboard digital input Unit C also has the Modbus TCP to RTU gateway enabled see RS 232 RS485 Modbus TCP RTU Converter so that the Modbus TCP client at unit B can communicate with the serial Modbus RTU device D Unit B is configured as shown above in Figure 47 e The first mapping will write the register 4300 local digital input to server IP address 192 168 0 200 Unit C device ID 1 and register 4320 digital output e The second mapping shows a Modbus read command of 8 discretes starting at register 1 Destination Reg on device ID 6 connected to IP address 192 168 0 200 and storing the values locally at register 1 itself e The third mapping shows the Modbus write command write coils which is writing the local 8 I Os starting at register 1 across to server IP address 192 168 0 123 device ID 5 destination reg 1 Additional configuration parameters for unit B are shown in Figure 48 The Modbus TCP client has been enabled with a 500 msec scan rate indicating that there will be a 500 msec delay between each of the mappings directed at any server The Reset Registers on Comms Fail option is enabled with a timeout of 60 seconds indicating that any of the registers at unit B will be reset if a successful Modbus transaction involving that register has no
30. get a security pop up on the PC select Unblock for the application to run c lt Command Prompt iperf s C gt cd jperf 2 6 2 bin jperf 2 8 2 bin gt iperf s Server listening on TCP port 5001 3 On the client PC open up a command prompt and change the directory to jperf 2 0 2 bin as you did above for the server This time enter the iperf command to start the client communication to the server Figure 101 iperf s Command 106 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual iperf c lt IP address of Server PC gt w 65535 See Figure 102 amp Command Prompt icrosoft Windows XP Version 5 1 2666 lt C Copyright 1985 2661 Microsoft Corp N gt cd jperf 2 6 2 bin jperf 2 2 bin gt iperf c 192 168 6 185 w 65535 Figure 102 iperf c Command This will run a test over the Wi Fi link to the server PC and report back results as seen in Figure 103 These results show the bandwidth throughput of the test as 16 2 Mbits sec ct Command Prompt icrosoft Windows XP Version 5 1 2666 lt C Copyright 1985 2661 Microsoft Corp gt cd jperf 2 6 2 bin jperf 2 2 bin gt iperf c 192 168 6 185 w 65535 lient connecting to libe 168 6 185 TCP port 5661 CP window size 64 6 K 1828 local 192 168 6 17 port 3172 connected with 192 168 6 185 port 5681 ID Interval Transfer Bandwidth 1828 1 1 sec 6 90 MBytes 5 75 Mbits sec gperf 2 2
31. harmful interference and e This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation This device must be operated as supplied by ELPRO Technologies Any changes or modifications made to the device without the written consent of ELPRO Technologies may void the user s authority to operate the device This device must be installed by professional installers in compliance with 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart C Section 15 204 and 15 205 who will be responsible for maintaining EIRP no greater than 36 dBm in accordance with 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart C Section 15 247 b 2 4 In accordance with 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart C Section 15 203 only the following antenna and coax cable combinations can be used with each radio Manufacturer Model Number Coax Cable Net ELPRO MD2400 EL Includes 5 m Cellfoil 2 dBi Gain ELPRO SG2400 EL CC3 SMA 3 m 2 dBi Gain ELPRO Z2400 EL CC10 SMA 10 m 4 dBi Gain ELPRO Y2400 EL CC20 SMA 20 m 6 dBi Gain Part 15 This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part15 of the FCC rules Code of Federal Regulations 47CFR Part 15 Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference A NOTE Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by ELPRO could void the user s authority to operate this equipment This device should only be connected to PCs th
32. is specific to the currently installed firmware version If the device firmware version has fallen multiple versions behind the desired version it may be necessary to upload multiple patch files After the patch files are uploaded reset the module to perform the firmware upgrade You will receive more detailed instructions if it is necessary to upgrade the module firmware Firmware Upgrade Firmware upgrade may be performed using this page Firmware upgrades may be made using the radio network Note that the unit must be reset before the new firmware is applied DO NOT DISCONNECT POWER UNTIL FIRMWARE UPGRADE IS COMPLETE If programming fails a manual firmware upgrade may have to be performed locally to restore normal operation Upgrade will take approximately 1 minute if connected directly via wired ethemet It may take longer if programmed remotely using the radio network depending on the current radio baud rate Performing an upgrade via a poor radio path is not recommended Figure 100 Firmware Upgrade Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 99 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual APPENDIX B GLOSSARY ACK Message acknowledgment Access Point An access point connects wireless network stations or clients to other stations within the wireless network and also can serve as the point of interconnection between the wireless network and a wired network Each access point can serve multiple users within a defined
33. modules first and the access point last Priority 2 Priority 2 Priority 1 Configuring PC or Laptop Figure 94 Remote Configuration Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 91 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 4 9 Internal Diagnostics Modbus Registers There are a number of internal diagnostic registers that can be accessed via Modbus TCP RTU that will help with analyzing and diagnosing the radio network To access these registers the Modbus server needs to be enabled and a Modbus server address needs to be configured For details see 3 15 Modbus I O Transfer After enabling the Modbus client you can access the following information by reading the corresponding Modbus address at the server ID address NOTE The normal default interface is wi0 If additional interfaces are added by entering virtual WDS connections either client or access point as described in 3 17 Repeaters WDS they will take on the next available interface number wil wi2 and so on Connection Information Register Module Description 5000 Both Total number of associated stations 5001 Both Current radio channel See 3 9 Radio Configuration for channel details 5002 Both Number of wireless interfaces configured including virtual interfaces wi1 wi10 5010 Both Wireless adapter wi0 link status 5011 Both Wireless adapter wi0 link status inverted 5012 Both Wireless adapter wi0
34. network area Also Known as a base station Ad Hoc Network Ad hoc network often refers to a mode of operation of IEEE 802 11 wireless networks An ad hoc network is any set of networks where all devices have equal status on a network and are free to associate with any other ad hoc network device in link range Each node participates in routing by forwarding data for other nodes so the determination of which nodes forward data is made dynamically on the basis of network connectivity Antenna Gain Antennae do not increase the transmission power but instead focus the signal Rather than transmitting in every direction including the sky and ground antenna focus the signal more horizontally or in one particular direction This gain is measured in decibels Bandwidth The maximum data transfer speed available to a user through a network Bridge A bridge connects two local area networks and is typically used to connect wireless networks to wired networks Bridges usually transfer messages between networks only when the message destination is on the other network Messages destined for the network on which they originated are not passed on to the other network This reduces traffic on the entire network Collision Avoidance Client Sta Station A network node procedure for proactively detecting that it can transmit a signal without risking a collision with transmissions from other network nodes A device on a netwo
35. not the original so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors reputations Finally any free program is threatened constantly by software patents We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses in effect making the program proprietary To prevent this we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone s free use or not licensed at all The precise terms and conditions for copying distribution and modification follow Terms and Conditions This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License The Program below refers to any such program or work and a work based on the Program means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law that is to say a work containing the Program or a portion of it either verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language Hereinafter translation is included without limitation in the term modification Each licensee is addressed as you Activities other than copying distribution and modification are not covered by this License they are outside its scope The act of running the Program is not restricted and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program indep
36. obstructed path requires testing to determine if the path will be reliable Refer to 4 7 Testing Radio Paths Where it is not possible to achieve reliable communications between two 245U E modules a third 245U E module may be used to receive the message and re transmit it This module is referred to as a repeater This module may also have a host device connected to it The 245U E unit has two antenna connections at the top of the module allowing for two antennas to be fitted to the module if necessary By default the right connector labeled TX RX is the main connection used for transmitter and receiver The left connector labeled RX is not connected unless configured as described in 3 10 Advanced Radio Configuration Each antenna port can be configured for TX only RX only or Diversity TX and RX Selection can be made by choosing one of the options from TX Antenna RX Antenna on the Advanced Radio Configuration page A NOTE When only one antenna is used it must be connected to the TX RX connector 12 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Antenna Diversity One reason to use multi antennas is to comply with local radio licensing regulations All countries have a limit on the amount of transmitted power and radiated power from the antenna In the US this is 400 millwatts transmit power and 4 watts EIRP effective isotropic radiated power See 3 10 Advanced Radio C
37. over a Wi Fi link Chart two shows the amount of data being received from all sources Wi Fi and other noise Notice that there is very little outgoing data but a constant stream of data is being received Chart 1 Percent Tx Include the following data on Chart 1 Percent Radio Tx Percent Radio Rx o Percent Busy due to CCA or Noise J Chart 2 Percent Rx Percent Busy Time Interval for Chart 1 Seconds Include the following data on Chart 2 Percent Radio Tx o Percent Radio Rx Percent Busy due to CCA or Noise Time Interval for Chart 2 Seconds v Average Utilization Percent T lt click this button to redraw charts Average Utilization Percent Rx Percent Busy for past 60 seconds 9 Figure 84 Custom Survey 1 Example 2 In the second example Figure 85 chart one shows the amount of data being received from Wi Fi devices Chart two shows the amount of other noise that is being received Notice that in the last 60 second period there was a 20 second interval with around 60 80 channel utilization in this case from a 2 4 GHz FHSS telemetry device 82 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Chart 1 Percent Rx Include the following data on Chart 1 Percent Radio Tx oO Percent Radio Rx Percent Busy due to CCA or Noise O Time Interval for Chart 1 Seconds Include the following data on Chart 2 Chart 2 Percent Bus Per
38. proper tools can still figure out an authorized MAC address masquerade as a legitimate address and access a closed network Every wireless 802 11 device has its own specific MAC address hard coded into it This unique identifier can be used to provide security for wireless networks When a network uses a MAC table only the 802 11 radios that have had their MAC addresses added to that network s MAC table will be able to get onto the network NAT Network address translation NAT is a network capability that enables a number of computers to dynamically share a single incoming IP address from a dial up cable or xDSL connection NAT takes the single incoming IP address and creates new IP address for each client computer on the network NIC Network interface card NIC is a type of PC adapter card that either works without wires Wi Fi or attaches to a network cable to provide two way communication between the computer and network devices such as a hub or switch Most office wired NICs operate at 10 Mbps Ethernet 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet or 10 100 Mbps dual speed High speed Gigabit and 10 Gigabit NIC cards are also available Proxy Server Used in larger companies and organizations to improve network operations and security a proxy server is able to prevent direct communication between two or more networks The proxy server forwards allowable data requests to remote servers and or responds to data requests directly from stor
39. the IP address and protocol matches and the source or destination port number falls within the range specified the packet is matched NOTE Configuration pages use TCP protocol on ports 80 and 443 Create whitelist rules specifying the configuration PC s IP address with TCP protocol ports 80 and 443 Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 63 Select Blacklist or Whitelist Add Entry Delete Entry Enable IP Address Min IP Address Max Port Min Port Max Protocol Save Changes Save Changes and Reset 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Blacklist will prevent all listed devices from accessing the module and using the radio link Whitelist will allow devices with the IP addresses listed to communicate with the module and utilize the radio link All other devices are blocked Add a row to the table of IP address filter rules Delete the currently selected IP address filter rule Select this checkbox to enable the rule These set the range of IP addresses All addresses within the specified range are affected by the rule When the protocol is set to TCP or UDP this is the range of port addresses to which the rule applies When the protocol is set to All or ICMP these settings have no effect This chooses the protocol to which the rule applies The rule can apply to Any protocol All or to only one of TCP UDP or ICMP Ping Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate
40. to send data followed by the Guest network and then Staff The default value is zero which will configure the group to have a mid range best effort value 3 24 Module Information Module Information Webpage Fields This configuration page is primarily for information purposes With the exception of the password the information entered here is displayed on the Home configuration webpage of the 245U E Username The username used to access the configuration on the 245U E Take care to remember this username if you change it as it will be needed to access the 245U E in future Password The password used to access the configuration on the 245U E Take care to remember this password if you change it as it will be needed to access the module in future Device Name A label for the particular 245U E This is also the DNS name hostname of the device if you are using DNS 72 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Owner Owner name Contact Owner contact information such as phone number and email address Description Description of the purpose of the unit Location Location of the 245U E 3 25 Configuration Examples Setting a 245U E to Factory Default Settings 1 Access the Configuration webpage on the 245U E For details see 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time 2 Click the System Tools menu item 3 Click Factory Default Configuration Reset and wait for th
41. transmitting all the packets it receives to all ports as a hub does a switch transmits packets to only the receiving port 102 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP is a protocol used along with the Internet Protocol IP to send data in the form of individual units called packets between computers over the Internet While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data TCP takes care of keeping track of the packets that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet For example when a webpage is downloaded from a web server the TCP program layer in that server divides the file into packets numbers the packets and then forwards them individually to the IP program layer Although each packet has the same destination IP address it may get routed differently through the network At the other end TCP reassembles the individual packets and waits until they have all arrived to forward them as single message TCP IP The underlying technology behind the Internet and communications between computers in a network The first part TCP is the transport part which matches the size of the messages on either end and guarantees that the correct message has been received The IP part is the user s computer address on a network Every computer in a TCP IP network has its own IP address that is either dynamically assigned at startu
42. untagged frames only using the IP address and subnet mask configured on the Network page VLAN Aware Bridging Mode A VLAN bridge that allows only explicitly configured VLANs that correspond to the configured VLAN groups to pass data VLAN Bridging mode is used when the tagging method is changed in a bridged network for example if a frame traverses from a VLAN group to an interface that is not configured in a VLAN When a VLAN packet is passed to an untagged VLAN interface the tag is removed so that the packet can properly enter the network Likewise if an untagged VLAN packet is passed to a VLAN group a VLAN tag is added When one or more VLAN groups have been configured VLAN Pass through is disabled and VLAN Aware mode is enabled VLAN Aware Routing Mode Same as VLAN Aware Bridging Mode described above except that VLANs are routed not bridged When a packet is routed from one VLAN to another on a different interface The interfaces can be tagged or untagged and are generally on different subnets Enabling VLANs will allow the module to facilitate a number of possible VLAN topologies such as e Segregating a wireless network into multiple virtual networks e Functioning as the wireless backbone on a VLAN trunk e Enabling a wireless network or part of the wireless network to form a VLAN trunk e Defining multiple virtual networks each with a different priority to define traffic class based forwarding behavior over the radio channel
43. 100 104 108 112 116 120 124 128 132 136 140 14 157 161 165 5180 5200 5220 5240 5260 5280 5300 5320 5500 5520 5540 5560 5580 5600 5620 5640 5660 5680 5700 5745 5765 5785 5805 5825 MHz PN 9 153 e A i A d A f amp A AD A A l A A A N PR ALAR ALAR AL ARAL AR AR AR AR AE AR AEA OB A OB A oA i fF F a J 7 F FF ff ry yy yy yt a LLL ELL Turbo Channel 41 M Turbo Channels 152 Parm amp 160 40MHz 20MHz 108Mbps 54Mbps Figure 22 5 GHz Channels Dynamic Frequency Selection Because of the push within the 802 11a market to open up new spectrum for unlicensed radio a mechanism called Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS was developed so that the 802 11 Wi Fi could coexist with existing military and telecommunication radar systems Access points with 5 GHz radios comply with regulations that require radio devices to use DFS which can detect radar signals and avoid interfering with them by automatically scanning and then selecting another channel or band 22 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual When DFS is enabled the access point master device goes through the following steps 1 The master device that initiates communications selects a channel and monitors that channel for potential radar interference for a minimum listening time of 60 seconds channel
44. 168 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 Ping statistics for 192 168 118 Packets Sent 14 Received 14 Lost x loss Approximate round trip times in milli seconds Minimum ms Maximum 6ms Average Gms kontrole C gt loot Figure 96 ping t Command This t command is used to repeatedly ping the specified node in the network To cancel press CTRL C A good test for the network once it is first set up is to use ping repeatedly from one PC s IP address to the other PC s IP address This gives a good indication of the network s reliability and how responsive it is from point to point When you enter CTRL C the program reports a packet sent received lost percentage www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual ipconfig The ipconfig command can be used to show your current TCP IP information including your address DNS server addresses adapter type and so on amp Command Prompt icrosoft Windows Version 5 1 2666 lt C gt Copyright ayes bevi Microsoft Corp gt ipconf ig indows IP Configuration thernet adapter Test LAN Connection specific DNS Suffix TestPC IP Address 192 168 0 17 Subnet Mask I 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway a uy Figure 97 lpconfig Command In the example above ipconfig was entered in the command prompt T
45. 245U E modem is 192 168 0 1 and the network you wish to connect to is on 10 10 0 X the PC is on 10 10 0 5 Once you have determined the correct settings for your network you need to connect to the modem s RS 232 serial port using a straight through serial cable and a terminal package Such as HyperTerminal set to 115 200 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity 1 Open HyperTerminal and monitor communications 2 Set the SETUP RUN switch to the SETUP position and connect power to the modem 3 Observe HyperTerminal and when you see the ELPRO Dragon screen see below press Enter to get the following prompt 4 Type the following ifconfig command to show the configuration of the Ethernet port From this you will see what the IP address is 26 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual as a Src z I FLINN Taner ean S N LEE XN ug ee camel S11 E IN NX a z WP vv A f Ff Al i E o a FO fe oe OT X ss I a AeA ali 7 7 a on tena _ 1 A E ANS ao Ae nS 7 Yi Ws pe ao APS peis Nii u gt NUS 7 Nee g e N e E a A a A S A late at IL Figure 26 Dragon For example ethO Link encap Ethernet HWaddr 00 12 AF FF FF FF inet addr 192 168 0 1 Bcast 192 168 0 255 Mask 255 255 255 0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 8 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
46. 245U E wireless Ethernet modem 245U E wireless Ethernet modem user manual Version 2 22 E TeM OK RX T TX LINK RS 232 LAN RS 485 DIO ELPRO 245U E Wireless Ethernet ETN Powering Business Worldwide 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Documentation Note Eaton acquired Cooper Industries in November 2012 Cooper Bussmann may appear in some screen images within this guide ATTENTION Incorrect termination of the supply wires may cause internal damage and will void the warranty To ensure that your 245U E enjoys a long life before turning the power on double check ALL connections by referring to this User Manual CAUTION To comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements in section 1 1310 of the FCC Rules antennas used with this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons to satisfy RF exposure compliance DO NOT e Operate the transmitter when anyone is within 20 cm of the antenna e Operate the transmitter unless all RF connectors are secure and any open connectors are properly terminated e Operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere All equipment must be properly grounded for safe operations All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician FCC Notice This device complies with Part 15 247 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions e This device may not cause
47. 4 100 255 255 255 0 a 32768 Interface Membership for VLAN Group 4 Interface Type 1 Ethemet Interface y Tagged oy 2 WDSRepeater 2 w Untagged w Figure 72 Example 2 Configuration The other VLAN groups each have an Ethernet and a wireless interface configured All Ethernet interfaces are tagged because they are all connected to a VLAN network Each wireless interface is configured as untagged to allow connection from untagged devices VLAN Group 2 is using the standard wireless interface which is configured from the main Network page while the other two are each using one of the WDS Repeater virtual interfaces VLAN Group 2 is bridging the default wireless interface with the VLAN ID 10 virtual Ethernet interface Configuration of the wireless bridge operating mode SSID and radio encryption methods keys is performed from the main Network page as shown in Figure 73 Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 71 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Wireless Interface Operating Mode Access Point System Address ESSID Staff Desired BSSID 00 00 00 00 00 00 Radio Encryption WPA2 PSK AES Configure Encryption Settings on Security Page Device Mode Device Mode VLAN Bridge Figure 73 VLAN Encryption VLAN groups 3 and 4 are similarly bridging their wireless interfaces but they are using virtual modules that are configured on the Repeaters page WDS repeater 1 and WDS repeater 2 are being bridged to VLAN ID 20 and
48. 485 Connection Embedded Modbus Master Slave for I O Transfer Security Data Encryption 802 111 With CCMP 128bit AES Support for 802 1x Radius Server Secure HTTP Protocol Bandwidth Protection MAC Address Whitelist Blacklist IP Filtering Whitelist Blacklist ARP GARP Filtering Whitelist Blacklist Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 97 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual LED Indication Diagnostics LED Indication Power OK RX TX Link RS232 LAN RS485 Digital I O status Please refer to the product manual for further information Reported RSSI Measurements dBm Connectivity Information Statistics System Diagnostics Log file Network Optional Network Management System Management Compliance EMC FCC Part 15 EN 301 489 17 AS NZS CISPR22 RF Radio EN 300 328 1 EN 301 893 FCC Part 15 RSS 210 Hazardous Area CSA Class Division 2 ATEX IECEx nA IIC Safety IEC 60950 ROHS Compliant UL UL Listed General Size 4 5 x 5 5 x 1 2 114 mm x 140 mm x 30 mm Housing Powder Coated Aluminum Mounting DIN Rail Terminal Blocks Removable Max conductor 12 AWG 2 5 mm Temperature Rating 40 to 140 F 40 to 60 C Humidity Rating Weight 0 99 RH noncondensing 1 0 Ib 0 45 kg Pollution Degree 2 Not sealed not subject to dust dirt condensation Installation Category 2 Transient voltag
49. 92 168 0 74 Fa 2 Route to LANC 169 254 102 0 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 73 v Figure 64 Routing Rules The table below summarizes the configurable parameters of a routing rule Name A name that describes the routing rule maximum 32 characters Destination The destination network or host IP address To specify a network address set the host address to 0 For example an IP address 192 168 0 0 with netmask 255 255 255 0 would specify a destination network while 192 168 0 16 specifies a destination host Subnet Mask The subnet mask for the destination network Gateway The IP address of the next hop router for the specified destination Enabled Select this checkbox to enable the rule You can clear the box to disable a routing rule without needing to re enter the information at a later time NOTE Entering dedicated Ethernet routes can also be added to the wired Ethernet LAN in place of generating or adding routing rules into the modems 3 19 Filtering When configured as a bridge the 245U E will transmit all broadcast messages appearing at its wired Ethernet port When the 245U E is configured as a router this does not occur In many cases the intended recipient of the broadcast traffic does not lie at the opposite end of a proposed radio link Reducing unnecessary broadcast traffic sent over the radio link will increase available bandwidth for data The 245U E has a filtering feature to help reduce unnecessary wireless transmissions
50. 92 168 102 53 j e ie Client s Bridge 192 168 0 34 192 168 102 17 LANA LAN B Figure 8 AP Router 10 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 192 168 0 34 Access Point Bridge LANA 192 168 0 74 Client Router Figure 9 Router 1 1 Getting Started Quickly Most applications for the 245U E require little configuration The 245U E has many sophisticated features but if you do not require these features this section will enable you to configure the units quickly To get started quickly 1 2 First read Chapter 2 INSTALLATION The 245U E requires an antenna and a power supply Power on the 245U E and make an Ethernet connection to your PC For detailed steps refer to 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time Set the 245U E address settings as described in 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time Save the configuration The 245U E is now ready to use Before installing the 245U E bench test the system It is much easier to locate problems when the equipment is all together There are other configuration settings which may or may not improve the operation of the system For more information refer to 3 0 Startup Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 192 168 0 72 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION 2 0 General The 245U E modules are housed in a rugged aluminum case suitab
51. CS 3 1 Selecting a Channel 802 11b g 2 4 GHz The 245U E G conforms to the IEEE 802 11b g Wireless LAN specification The 245U E G supports 13 x 20 MHz 12 x 10 MHz and 13 x 5 MHz radio channels in the 2412 MHz to 2482 MHz frequency range Channels are country or region specific Please check your local regulatory body for compliance and channel selection Figure 20 shows that there are a limited number of channels available in the 2 4 GHz frequency range Care must be taken when selecting an operating channel as some of the channels overlap The 20 MHz channels have a separation of 5 MHz which means there is some overlap into the next channel Channel 1 will overlap into channel 2 3 and 4 channel 6 will overlap into channels 3 4 5 7 8 and 9 If complete separation is required you can use channels 1 6 and 11 without any interference between the channels The 10 MHz channels are also separated by 5 MHz and overlap the adjacent channels by 5 MHz forward and backward Channel 41 will overlap with channel 42 channel 46 will overlap with channel 45 and 47 The 5 MHz channels are separated by 5 MHz and do not overlap at all so you can operate all 13 channels at the same time with minimal interference from the adjacent channel 20 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Figure 19 Channel Separation Only one of these channels is used at a time and is configured at the access point The
52. DHCP client To set the 245U E to acquire its IP address from a DHCP server select the option Obtain IP Address Automatically on the Network Configuration page When configured as a DHCP client the Device Name on the Module Information page will be the module identifier as the IP address will be unknown and so should be given a unique name 64 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 3 21 DHCP Server Configuration The 245U E is able to act as a DHCP server supplying IP addresses automatically to other DHCP client devices Note that the 245U E units need to act in conjunction with their connected devices If a connected device is a DHCP server the local and remote 245U E units can be configured as DHCP clients and receive IP addresses from the server device Similarly if a 245U E is configured as a DHCP server it can provide IP addresses to DHCP clients both 245U E units as well as other connected devices Configuration items for the DHCP server are listed below Enabled Select this checkbox to enable the DHCP server IP Range Minimum The DHCP server will assign IP addresses to DHCP clients from within this range of Maximum addresses Gateway These settings are common to all of the DHCP clients and refer to the gateway Primary DNS address and Domain Name Service DNS configuration Secondary DNS Lease Time This is the number of seconds the client is granted the assigned IP addr
53. Europe max Master Europe max Slave Australia max NZ max USA max 42 5210 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 152 5755 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 160 5795 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 802 11a and TX Power Band amp Frequency EU amp South Africa USA Australia New Zealand U NII Band Frequency MHz No DFS DFS No DFS DFS No DFS DFS No DFS DFS 1 5150 5250 200 mW 50 mW 200mW 200 mW 2 5250 5350 100mW 500 mW 100 mW 100 mW 3 5470 5725 500mW 500mW 500mW 500 mW 4 5725 5825 4 W 4 W 4 W All power levels are shown as EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power dB to mWatt Conversion Watts dBm Watts dBm 10 mW 10 dB 200 mW 23 dB 13 mW 11 dB 316 mW 25 dB 16 mW 12 dB 398 mW 26 dB 20 mW 13 dB 500 mW 27 dB 25 mW 14 dB 630 mW 28 dB 32 mW 15 dB 800 mW 29 dB 40 mW 16 dB 1 0 W 30 dB 50 mW 17 dB 1 3 W 31 dB 63 mW 18 dB 1 6 W 32 dB 79 mW 19 dB 2 0 W 33 dB 100 mW 20 dB 2 5 W 34 dB 126 mW 21 dB 3 2 W 35 dB 158 mW 22 dB 4 0 W 36 dB Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 105 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual APPENDIX D EXTERNAL IPERF TEST This appendix shows how to set up and use the Iperf application to test the throughput of Ethernet modems Iperf is a tool used to measure the throughput and quality of a network link Jpe
54. GNU Lesser General Public License instead You can apply it to your programs too When we speak of free software we are referring to freedom not price Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software and charge for this service if you wish that you receive source code or can get it if you want it that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs and that you know you can do these things To protect your rights we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software or if you modify it For example if you distribute copies of such a program whether gratis or for a fee you must give the recipients all the rights that you have You must make sure that they too receive or can get the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps 1 copyright the software and 2 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy distribute and or modify the software Also for each author s protection and ours we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the software is modified by someone else and passed on we want its recipients to know that what they have is
55. Internet DSL Digital subscriber line DSL is a family of technology protocols for high speed data voice and video transmission over ordinary twisted pair copper plain old telephone service POTS telephone wires Encryption Key An alphanumeric letters and or numbers series that enables data to be encrypted and then decrypted so it can be safely shared among members of a network WEP uses an encryption key that automatically encrypts outgoing wireless data On the receiving side the same encryption key enables the computer to automatically decrypt the information so that it can be read Encryption keys should be kept secret Firewall Hub A device or computer program that keeps unauthorized users out of a private network Everything entering or leaving a system s internal network passes through the firewall and must meet the system s security standards in order to be transmitted Often used to keep unauthorized people from using systems connected to the Internet A multiport device used to connect PCs to a network via Ethernet cabling or via 802 11 Wired hubs can have numerous ports and can transmit data at speeds ranging from 10 Mbps to multi Gigabyte speeds per second A hub transmits packets it receives to all the connected ports A small wired hub may only connect 4 computers a large hub can connect 48 or more Hz Hertz The international unit for measuring frequency equivalent to the older unit of cycle
56. Program If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system which is implemented by public license practices Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system it is up to the author donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License 8 If the distribution and or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded In such case this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License 9 The Free Software Foundation may publish re
57. Serial Port Figure 43 Multicast Group Enabled Enables or disables the multicast pipe manager Server Port Server port used by the multicast pipe manager Will need to be configured the same as the port on the client for example SCADA or DCS Multicast Group IP Broadcast address used when communicating to all other multicast devices This Address address will need to be the same on all communicating multicast devices Multicast Group Port Multicast port used when communicating to all other multicast devices This will need to be the same on all communicating multicast devices 3 14 Digital Input Output The functionality of the shared Digital Input Output pin may be configured via the Transfer webpage As this pin is shared the digital input status will be On when the digital output is set to On The Digital I O channel can be transferred to from another device using Modbus see 3 15 Modbus I O Transfer below or it can be configured to provide status of the module communications If the 245U E disassociates from another unit that is there is no wireless link you can configure the digital output to turn On set or Off drop Shared Digital I O Status Digital Input is OFF Digital Output is OFF Switch Digital Output ON Communications Failure Digital output action on wifi link failure is No Action v Figure 44 Digital I O 3 15 Modbus I O Transfer The 245U E provides Modbus TCP client and Modbus TCP server
58. Station 2 You can see that there is now a fourth address laptop access point Station 2 and Ethernet device that cannot be addressed using the 3 Address mode of communications The example shows the access point and the station as both being 245U E modules that will communicate since both support 4 Address mode However there are some instances where a third party access point may not be able to communicate using 4 Address mode to a client Sta There are only a couple of ways around this situation You could change Station 2 to a router but this may mean that Station 2 and the Ethernet device will use a different network address scheme which may be inconvenient and will require more setup You could configure the access point to communicate using 4 Address Mode but this is only possible if the station and the access point support 4 Address Mode some third party access points do not support this mode 240U E Compatibility The 245U E G modules can communicate with ELPRO 240U E Ethernet modems but only in certain modes The following table shows compatible configurations If communicating with ELPRO 240U E Ethernet modems the 240U Es need to be configured with WDS 4 Address mode not the default 3 Address mode and the 240U E access points cannot be auto connect to any WDS access points 32 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual _ e Station 1 Access Point a Se Laptop 1 Stat
59. WDS operation WDS Connections The WDS Configuration page is accessible from the Repeaters link on any of the configuration webpages The configurable WDS parameters are summarized below Add Entry Button Add an entry to the WDS connections table This adds a virtual station to the device Delete Entry Button Delete the currently selected entry in the WDS connections table To select highlight a row click anywhere in the row Connection Mode Specify the connection mode for this link AP downlink configures the connection as a virtual access point Sta uplink configures the connection as a virtual client Point to point configures the connection as a fixed link 54 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual SSID MAC Address AP Mode Specify the SSID that this virtual access point will use Stations connecting to this virtual access point use this SSID Sta Mode Specify the SSID that this virtual station will use when connecting to other access points Point to Point Mode Specify the MAC address of an access point with which a fixed link will be established Usually only required for third party devices Encryption Select the required encryption if any for this WDS link Encryption Key Enter the encryption key for WEP encryption or the passphrase for WPA encryption For WEP encryption the encryption key is set as WEP Key 1 For Sta Mode this must match WEP Key 1 on the ac
60. When the file is found click Send to load the file into the module When completed click Reset Firmware upgrades can be performed locally or remotely via the radio Shows an event log of the modules operation used for diagnosing problems The page can be saved and emailed to ELPRO if requested Clear System Log will clear the log file and start fresh Resets the module Loads the factory default configuration and resets the module CAUTION Loading the factory default configuration will overwrite any current configuration www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 4 7 Testing Radio Paths Connection and Signal Strength The general procedure for radio range testing a link is fairly simple Configure two units to form a link using automatic radio rates Install the access point at a fixed location Take a laptop computer and the client to each of the remote locations and analyze the link using the Connectivity webpage If a beacon is heard from the access point the client will update its Connectivity webpage with the received signal strength of beacon messages from the access point If the signal is strong enough a link may be established and the Connectivity webpage of the access point may be opened If the link is weak the LINK LED will turn off and the remote Connectivity webpage of the access point will fail to load Using this procedure the signal strengths of units at both loc
61. able in two models with different RF power and frequency options suitable for your country s local radio regulations The models comply with their relevant IEEE 802 11 standard 245U E G 802 11 b g 400 mW max power 245U E A 802 11 a 400 mW max power The 245U E G and 245U E A have the same functionality but use a different radio to communicate The two types of radios do not communicate with each other that is a 245U E G will not communicate with a 245U E A Only modules of the same type are able to communicate wirelessly with each other Throughout this manual any reference to 245U E refers to one of the above models The 245U E G model uses a 2 4 GHz direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS wireless transceiver Users pick a 20 MHz channel with 5 MHz channel spacing from the available 13 channels starting with the first channel centered on 2 412 GHz There are some limitations depending on country See Appendix C CHANNELS for channel selections Note that regulations in North America permit 11 x 2 4 GHz channels and Europe permits 13 x 2 4 GHz channels The 245U E A uses a 5 GHz DSSS wireless transceiver and users must select appropriate channel and transmit power allowable in their country Check with your ELPRO representative for the permitted channel usage in your country See Appendix C CHANNELS for channels selections The 245U E unit also provides two serial connections in addition to the Ethernet connections It is po
62. added to that VLAN Group WDS Repeater Interfaces correspond to the entries configured on the Repeaters page Add VLAN Group l Save Changes l Save Changes and Reset Figure 67 VLAN Pass through When VLAN Aware is enabled a default Management VLAN Group is created bridging the Ethernet and wireless interfaces and configuring both with untagged frames The Management IP and Management Netmask 66 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual addresses will override the modules IP Address and Subnet Mask and the Device Mode will be changed to VLAN Bridge These changes will be indicated on the Network page of the module A Management VLAN is created to ensure that the module will be accessible for configuration and diagnostics after setup If more than one interface is added to a VLAN group a separate bridge will be created for the VLAN group The configured interfaces for the VLAN group will then be configured as ports on the bridge In Figure 68 the Management VLAN has two interfaces configured Ethernet and Wireless and both are set to Untagged This means the module can be accessed by either Ethernet or Wireless networks using untagged frames VLAN Configuration VLAN Mode VLAN Aware In VLAN Passthrough Mode all frames pass transparently through the bridge regardless of whether they are VLAN tagged or untagged In this mode access to the in
63. adio module 1 wavelength ee Wavelengths 2 4 GHz 13 cm 5 GHz 6 cm COLINEAR DIPOLE ANTENNA WEATHERPROOF CONNECTORS WITH SURGE 3M 23 TAPE ARRESTOR OPTIONAL COAXIAL CABLE STRESS RELIEF L LOOP MAST MODEM PROVIDE GOOD GROUND CONNECTION TO MAST MODULE AND SURGE ARRESTOR A F GROUND CONDITIONS RE POOR INSTALL MORE Figure 11 Colinear Dipole Antenna 14 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Directional Antennas Directional antennas can be any of the following e Yagi antenna with a main beam and orthogonal elements e Directional radome which is cylindrical in shape e Parabolic antenna A directional antenna provides high gain in the forward direction but lower gain in other directions This type of antenna may be used to compensate for coaxial cable loss for installations with marginal radio path Yagi antennas should be installed with the main beam horizontal pointing in the forward direction If the Yagi is transmitting to a vertically mounted omni directional antenna the Yagi elements should be vertical If the Yagi is transmitting to another Yagi the elements at each end of the wireless link need to in the same plane horizontal or vertical Directional radomes should be installed with the central beam horizontal and must be pointed exactly in the direction of transmission to benefit from the gain of the antenna
64. agement IP see above Turns on Spanning Tree Protocol STP for the bridge STP prevents network loops that can cause broadcast storms The STP priority number for the bridge This value should be set in context with other devices that are connected on the same network Each VLAN group has a configurable interface membership list The membership list will allow up to 12 possible interfaces to be added The following configurable parameters will apply to each entry Interface Type Example 1 Basic VLAN Select interface from the drop down list to be used for the VLAN group Available interfaces are Ethernet Wireless or one of the 10 WDS Repeater connections that correspond to configured entries on the Repeaters page Specifies whether the interface is to support VLAN tagged or untagged frames When untagged is specified all incoming frames on the interface must be untagged and all outgoing frames will be sent untagged When tagged is specified all incoming frames must have a VLAN tag with VLAN ID matching the configured VLAN ID for the VLAN group all outgoing frames on this interface will have a VLAN tag added with the configured VLAN ID and priority for that VLAN group A common use for VLAN functionality in a module is to tag data from a VLAN unaware device and send this to a VLAN trunk A simple example of this involves bridging between Ethernet and wireless ports for just one VLAN In Figure 69 the Ethernet interface is ta
65. al authentication server When the user credentials of the Supplicant are verified the Authenticator enables network access for the Supplicant data encryption keys are established and network traffic can pass Configuration of WPA enterprise differs when the unit is configured as an access point Authenticator or client Supplicant If WDS interfaces are used it is possible for one 245U E to act as both an Authenticator and a Supplicant but in this situation only one set of user credentials can be entered for all Supplicants The 245U E supports WPA 1 TKIP WPA 1 AES and WPA 2 AES using a pre shared key PSK WPA PSK TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol enhances WEP by using 128 bit encryption plus separate 64 bit TX and RX MIC message integrity check keys WPA PSK AES Advanced Encryption Standard uses the more advanced CCMP encryption protocol and is essentially a draft of the IEEE 802 11i wireless network standard This is the recommended encryption method in most applications WPA2 AES Advanced Encryption Standard is the most secure encryption method and is also based on 128 bit encryption key After changes are made to Network Configuration it is important to save the configuration by clicking Save Changes or by selecting Save Changes and Reset Network Settings Webpage Fields 30 Operating Mode Used to select Access Point Infrastructure Client Infrastructure By default this is set to Client System Address A
66. and enhance security The 245U E may be configured to reject or accept messages to and from certain addresses To accept wireless messages from particular devices a whitelist of addresses must be made Alternatively to reject messages from particular devices a blacklist of addresses must be made Filtering applies only to messages appearing at the wired Ethernet port of the configured 245U E The Filter comprises of three lists MAC Addresses IP address protocol port and ARP Filters Each list may be set as either a blacklist to block traffic for listed devices and protocols or as a whitelist to allow traffic for listed devices and protocols Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 61 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Filtering Configuration MAC Filtering can be used to enhance security and reduce wireless traffic based on ethernet MAC addresses Go to MAC Filter configuration IP Filtering can be used to reduce wireless traffic based on IP addresses Go to IP Filter configuration ARP Filtering is useful for reducing broadcast traffic on the wireless network Go to ARP Filter configuration Figure 65 Filtering The filter operates on the following rules e The MAC address filter is always checked before the IP address filter e f a message matches a MAC filter entry it will not be subsequently processed by the IP filter If the MAC filter list is a whitelist the message will be accept
67. annel Selection yr N NOTE Some of the groups use Dynamic Frequency Selections DFS If using these DFS channels you need to be aware that there will be a minimum 60 second scan or monitoring that the radio must perform to check that there are no military or commercial radars using the same frequency If a radar is detected the radio must select another random channel and repeat the 60 second scan or monitoring Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 39 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 3 10 Advanced Radio Configuration Some of the more advanced radio settings have been moved from the normal Radio configuration page in order to simplify the configuration process Care should be taken when making changes to parameters on this page 40 TX Antenna RX Antenna DTIM Period RTS Threshold Fragmentation Threshold Advanced Radio Settings Tx Antenna Main Port Only v Rx Antenna Main Port Only v DTIM Period AP Only 1 beacon intervals RTS Threshold 2346 bytes Fragmentation Threshold 2346 bytes Interference Mitigation Bursting w Enable Iperf Server w Fixed Noise Floor 0 dBm Set to 0 for Dynamic Adjustment Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 39 Advanced Radio Select the antenna port that the module will use for transmissions Main Port Only Messages are transmitted from the main TX RX port The auxiliary port RX is disabled Both Diversity Both ports will b
68. ard 78 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 4 2 Channel Survey Utilization Channel utilization gives a visual display of how busy the current channel is over a given time period Channel utilization is made up of three components transmissions made by this radio data received by this radio and noise or interference that this radio can hear These three components may also be viewed individually on the Custom Survey page Channel utilization is logged by the radio for three separate time intervals every second for the last 60 seconds every minute for the last 60 minutes and every hour for the last 60 hours The ELPRO 802 11 Ethernet modem utilizes a half duplex radio channel for communications At any given time an access point and its associated clients occupy a radio channel These radio channels or frequencies are license free and may contain interference from any number of other radio transmitters When installing or diagnosing a 245U E modem the potential capacity of a given radio channel will be reduced by the existence of these other RF signals on the same channel Channel utilization allows us to see how much RF activity is on a given channel as a percentage of the total utilization A channel that is very busy will have high channel utilization Usually 50 or greater Conversely a channel that is quiet will have low channel utilization Channel Survey and Custom Survey can
69. as the access point and the router IP is on the same subnet as the access point In addition to adding these WDS connections Sites C and D will need a default gateway address configured so that the module can determine where to send traffic destined for the other networks In addition because Site A does not know how to get to networks 192 168 5 0 and 192 168 6 0 it requires rules to confirm the routing paths A default gateway and one routing rule could be configured but it is easier to configure two routing rules as shown in the example in Figure 61 Routing Rules Add Entry Delete Entry Name Destination Netmask Gateway Enabled 1 Route to Site B 192 168 5 0 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 3 W 2 Route to Site C 192 168 6 0 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 4 iv Figure 61 Site A Routing Rules e The first routing rule specifies 192 168 5 0 as the destination with a netmask of 255 255 255 0 network address range of Site B Because the last byte of the destination IP is zero this refers to the network 192 168 5 1 192 168 5 254 as opposed to an individual host IP The same rule specifies the address 192 168 0 3 as the gateway address The routing rule effectively tells the 245U E that any traffic destined for the network 192 168 5 X should be forwarded to Site B via WDS link address 192 168 0 3 e The second routing rule is similar except the destinations IP address range is 192 168 6 0 with a Netmask of 255 255 255 0 indicat
70. at are covered by either FCC DoC or are FCC certified 2 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Safety Notices Exposure to RF energy is an important safety consideration The FCC has adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC regulated equipment as a result of its actions in Docket 93 62 and OET Bulletin 65 Edition 97 01 UL Notice 1 The Wireless Ethernet module is to be installed by trained personnel or licensed electricians only and installation must be carried out in accordance with the instructions listed in the Installation Guide and applicable local regulatory codes 2 The units are intended for Restricted Access Locations 3 The Wireless Ethernet module is intended to be installed in a final enclosure rated IP54 before use outdoors 4 The Equipment shall be powered using an external Listed Power Supply with LPS outputs or a Class 2 Power Supply 5 The Wireless Ethernet module must be properly grounded for surge protection before use 6 If installed in a hazardous environment coaxial cable shall be installed in a metallic conduit GNU Free Documentation License Copyright C 2009 Eaton Eaton is using a part of Free Software code under the GNU General Public License in operating the 245U E product This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s code and to any other program whose
71. atically Use the following IP address IP address 192 168 0 1 Subnet mask 25 25 25 0 Default gateway Obtain DNS server address automatically Use the following DNS server addresses Preferred DNS server Alternate DNS server F Validate settings upon exit Figure 24 TCP IP Properties 8 Open Internet Explorer and ensure that settings will allow you to connect to the IP address selected If the PC uses a proxy server ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the proxy server for local addresses This option may be modified by opening Tools gt Internet Options gt Connections Tab gt LAN Settings gt Proxy Server gt bypass proxy for local addresses 9 Enter the default IP address for the 245U E https 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number 10 Enter the username user and default password user Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 25 ELPRO Technologies 245U E G Configuration and Diagnostics Dipswitch setting at boot Dipswitch setting current Ethernet MAC Address Wireless MAC Address 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual RUN Mode RUN Mode 00 12 AF 00 90 CC 06 12 AF 00 90 CE Owner Contact Description Location Owner Contact Description Location Model Radio Country Serial Number Hardware Revision Firmware Version Kernel Version 245U E G G US 02111399387 1 2c
72. ations may be analyzed and traffic is sent between the units while remote webpages are opened lperf Throughput Test A more thorough test of radio paths is a throughput test which will check the amount of data that can be reliably achieved via the wireless link There are a number of software tools that you can use to check the data throughput such as FTP File Transfer Protocol Iperf and Qcheck The preferred application is Iperf which has been configured in each modem and can be enabled to perform this test It can also be run externally using laptops at either end of the radio link The Iperf Jperf application can be downloaded from http sourceforge net projects ipert All of the above applications measure the raw data throughput From this you can determine the amount of interference from the measured and calculated data throughput levels The way Iperf works is that a server is enabled at one end of the link and a client at the other The Iperf client then passes data over the link and calculates and displays the throughput accordingly The Iperf server can be run internally on the modem by enabling this feature on the Advanced Radio page of one of the modems see 4 4 Throughput Test It can also be run externally on a PC or laptop connected at each end of the radio link For a detailed procedure on using Iperf to externally check radio data throughput see Appendix D EXTERNAL IPERF TEST The internal Iperf is a
73. basic cut down version of the standard Iperf and should be used as a guide only For a more comprehensive test Iperf should be run externally using laptops or PCs at each end of the Wi Fi link Internal Radio Test The module also has an internal Radio Path test that will allow you to perform a basic radio path test without the need for a laptop or PC Two tests that can be run RSSI and Throughput The throughput test can be disabled independently from the RSSI test but disabling the RSSI test will turn off both tests Typically the radio path test should be enabled at a modem configured as a client or station A NOTE The Radio Path Test feature should not be enabled on a live system It is intended for testing only Radio Path Test Settings Enable Radio Path Test W RSSI Strong Threshold 40 dBm RSSI Weak Threshold 60 dBm Enable Throughput Test 7 Remote Device IP Address 192 168 0 114 Throughput High Threshold 10 Mbps Throughput Low Threshold 4 Mbps Figure 92 Radio Path Tests Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 89 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Radio Path Test Settings Enable Radio Path Enables or disables the radio path test Test RSSI Strong Strong RSSI indication threshold Threshold RSSI Weak Weak RSSI indication threshold Threshold Enable Throughput Enables or disables the throughput test independent of radio path test RSSI Test Remote Device IP IP address of the remote device that y
74. bin gt Figure 103 Bandwidth 4 Using the theoretical throughput calculations in the following table you can compare the results with the measured to give an indication of the difference between expected and measured Keep in mind that the theoretical calculations are best case possible results 240U E 245U E G 245U E A 945U E 20Mhz 905U E 805U E 54 Mbps 27Mbps 27Mbps 27Mbps 11 Mbps 5Mbps 5Mbps 5Mbps 5Mbps 1 Mbps 500Kbps 500Kbps 500Kbps 500Kbps 200 Kbps 80Kbps 100 Kbps 40Kbps 78 Kbps 37Kbps 19 2 Kbps 7 8Kbps 6 9Kbps In the command line for the client mapping you established the server IP address followed by the w 65535 where w is the window size and the maximum TCPIP window size is 65535 bytes Another entry that can be added is t lt seconds gt to run the test for a specific time period Figure 105 provides an example where the same test is run for 30 seconds Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual JPerf Application Jperf is a graphical interface that runs over the top of Iperf It will display a graph result from the Iperf test 1 Open a command prompt and change to the jperf 2 0 2 directory and run the Jperf application as shown in Figure 104 The command prompt screen will disappear and the Jperf screen will appear as seen in Figure 105 cx Command Prompt icrosoft Windows XP Version 5 1 26001 lt C gt Copyr
75. cations uses a system called clear channel assessment which means the radio will listen before transmission and if the channel is busy it will hold off regardless of the level of signal If the background interference is high due to other radio systems or noise you can raise the fixed noise floor to compensate The Channel Utilization page can be used to identify excess noise or interference Raising the noise floor will block out any receive signal levels below the value configured under Fixed Noise Floor on the Advanced Radio configuration page The value must be entered as a negative dBm number and should be at least 8 dB greater than the weakest RSSI of any connected modems otherwise communications may be lost For example if the interfering noise levels are around 80 dB you can raise the noise floor to 70 dB to block out any signals below making sure the RSSI levels of any connected modules are not below this noise floor as they will not communicate The Connectivity page can be used to determine if other systems are in the area and their RSSI levels After configuring the fixed noise floor confirm that the channel utilization has dropped to a desirable level and where possible perform an Iperf throughput test to confirm acceptable performance 3 11 Serial Port Configuration The 245U E has an RS 232 and an RS 485 port for serial communications These ports may be used for different purposes The 245U E offers three serial funct
76. ce The result of this is similar to bridging for a single device with some exceptions One of these exceptions is the inability to handle name server searches of the network via this serial link For example you would encounter difficulty if you were to use Windows Explorer over the serial link to find a PC on the wired network For this to operate correctly you must explicitly map computer names to IP addresses in the LMHOSTS file on your PC To configure Windows XP to establish a PPP connection to a 245U E in SETUP mode 1 On Network Connections in Windows XP select Create a new connection In the New Connection Wizard click Next Set up an advanced connection Connect directly to another computer Set PC as guest 2 3 4 5 6 Set the Connection Name 7 Select a COM port 8 Select availability 9 Click Finish 10 Select properties of this new connection by right clicking the connection 11 On the General tab click Configure 12 Ensure that the maximum speed is 115200 bps and click OK 13 Select the Networking tab and then click Internet Protocol TCP IP in the list box and click Properties 14 On Properties click Advanced 15 On the Advanced TCP IP Settings General tab clear the field in the PPP link Use IP header compression Configuration is now complete 16 Click the newly created link to establish a connection to 245U E 17 Ensure that the username and the password are entered exactly a
77. cent Radio Tx g Percent Radio Rx o Percent Busy due to CCA or Noise Time Interval for Chart 2 Seconds v click this button to redraw charts Average Utilization Percent Rx for past 6f Average Utilization Percent Rx Percent Busy for past 60 seconds 19 Figure 85 Custom Survey 2 With this sort of outside interference it is recommended to perform the same test but over a longer period so as to get a clearer indication of channel utilization Chart 2 Percent Busy 100 0 60 0 oo EM EEEE eee ee OE ee an a 0 5 2 18 24 30 35 2 48 4 9 Average Utilization Percent Rx Percent Busy for past 60 seconds 16 Figure 86 Channel Utilization Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 83 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 4 4 Throughput Test The performance of a wireless link is best measured in terms of the maximum throughput that can be achieved The recommended method of measuring throughput is with the Iperf utility Iperf has client and server functionality where the server waits for a client connection For wireless links it is recommended that Iperf throughput testing is performed on point to point links while the remainder of the wireless network is inactive not sending any data Iperf is built into the modems for convenience and allows measurement of TCP throughput with default Iperf parameters The internal Iperf utility always gives a lower result than running Iperf ext
78. cess point to which this virtual client is connected For AP mode clients must configure their WEP Key 1 to the same value as this key and select the default WEP Key to be WEP Key 1 Router IP Leave this field blank if this WDS interface is to be bridged with the default wireless interface Otherwise enter the IP address for this connection that specifies the IP network to which messages are routed Router Subnet Leave this field blank if this WDS interface is to be bridged with the default wireless interface Otherwise enter the subnet mask of the network to which messages are routed STP Applicable to WDS bridged connections only Select the STP option if you wish to enable the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol on this connection There are many ways to setup wireless networks and often it depends on the devices you wish to connect and the existing network topology The following pages show some examples of how to connect devices into different types of systems Example 1 Extending Range Using WDS Virtual Client Virtual Client Virtual Client SSID SSID_B SSID SSID_C SSID SSID_D E virtua AP __ Virtual Station One of the most common uses for WDS is to extend the range of the wireless network using repeaters Figure 52 illustrates a simple example where the four access points are all at fixed locations each of the access points could have one or more client stations connected Since the locations are fixed you can avoid t
79. cryption is not inherited from the main page e Each WDS interface can also be configured with a different encryption algorithm However each side of a single WDS link must specify the same encryption algorithm and keys e When adding WDS router interfaces you may need to add a routing rule on the Routing configuration page e When VLANs are enabled router IP and subnet are ignored and the WDS interface is bridged depending on membership to a VLAN group e Spanning Tree Protocol STP column only applies when two or more interfaces are bridged e A maximum of 10 WDS connections can be configured A combined maximum of 5 virtual access points and 5 virtual client STA applies e WPA Enterprise configuration is shared with the base access point Authenticator or station Supplicant WDS connections are made by adding one or more virtual modules to an access point See Figure 51 Each virtual module can be configured with one of the standard Wi Fi operating modes Access Point or Station or a non standard point to point mode e Access point and station virtual modules allow for the possibility of dynamically created connections based on SSID and support WPA encryption e Point to Point mode virtual modules provide static connections based on MAC addresses and cannot support WPA encryption Point to point virtual modules should only be used for establishing WDS connections with third party access points that do not support standard
80. d by allowing access points to behave as repeaters and forward traffic to other access points Access point to access point communications is also known as wireless distribution system WDS The 245U E offers very powerful WDS configuration allowing for a mesh network with self healing functionality Alternatively fixed access point to access point links can be configured for optimized throughput WDS Configuration T Access Point VETE Client Station Station SSID Area1 N Q WDS Link Client Station SSID Area1 Client Station N SSID Area2 Client Station Client Station SSID Area1 SSID Area2 Figure 51 WDS Repeaters Each WDS interface can be either a bridge or router interface see 1 0 Network Topology for more information on bridge versus router If you need a simple repeater network use a bridge interface A WDS bridge interface allows traffic to be bridged to another access point on the same IP network WDS bridge interfaces do not require additional IP address configuration because they are bridged with the standard wireless interface that is used for connections to associated clients All of the WDS interfaces on the one access point may be bridged if required WDS bridge interfaces have the advantage that redundant paths are permitted when using the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol see 3 5 Spanning Tree Algorithm thus behaving as a self healing mesh network Bridged network
81. d serves no functional purpose VLAN ID A valid 12 bit IEEE802 1Q VID with a range of 1 4095 The VLAN ID will be added to all outgoing VLAN tagged frames for this VLAN group All incoming VLAN tagged frames for the VLAN group must have this VLAN ID VLAN Priority An IEEE802 1Q compatible 3 bit Priority Code Point with a range of 0 7 where seven is the highest priority one is the lowest and zero is the default which is a mid range best effort value The VLAN priority will be added to all outgoing VLAN tagged frames for this VLAN group Furthermore the VLAN priority will be used to determine which of four priority radio queues VLAN tagged frames will be queued on when transmitted via the radio Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 67 Management IP Management Netmask Bridge STP Bridge Priority Interface Membership 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual The management IP is the address of the module if only one VLAN group is configured Access to the module s internal Web based configuration and IP based functions Such as serial gateway or Modbus server is provided via this management IP address and subnet mask NOTE If only one VLAN group is configured it must have a management IP and netmask If further VLAN groups are configured groups 2 9 they only need a management IP and subnet if access to the modules IP based functions such as Modbus or webpages is required The IP network mask of the man
82. d take up to 10 seconds for the client to establish a connection Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 51 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Fast roaming will significantly reduce the time taken for a client to roam from access point to access point In addition the discovery of access points is completed before the existing radio link deteriorates therefore eliminating the periods of poor performance during transition to the next access point Roaming Settings client station only Fast Roaming F Passive Scanning T Roam Scan Threshold 90 dBm Roam Changeover Threshold 6 dB Roam Check Interval 30 seconds Channel Width 20 MHz Only channels with this width are scanned Scan List only scan these channels for an AP Note Channel Width setting above will apply only when there are no entries in the Scan List Figure 49 Roaming The following settings thresholds can be configured to fine tune the fast roaming process Fast Roaming Passive Scanning STA only Roam Scan Threshold Roam Changeover Threshold Roam Check Interval Channel Width Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Fast roaming allows a client station to roam to an access point with a stronger signal strength without disrupting communications or roam seamlessly between multiple access points based on configuration parameters such as RSSI threshold Selecting this checkbox stops a client device from sending probe request me
83. e OK LED flashes red green at a 1 Hz rate 1 2 second red 1 2 second green During module initialization the OK LED flashes red green at 0 5 Hz rate 1 second red 1 second green When initialization is complete the OK LED switches to green continuously If the OK LED remains red at power on this could indicate low supply voltage the module will not attempt to boot until supply voltage is within range module fault or a long boot delay To check if the boot delay is the problem plug a terminal into the RS 232 serial port and configure for 115 200 baud 8 data no parity 4 1 Connectivity The Connectivity webpage displays connections and available networks The Connected Devices section displays the radio channel received signal strength and radio data rate for each client or access point by their MAC address The readings shown are based upon the last received data message from the access point or client Client stations also display a list of detected access points site survey including network name SSID channel and maximum data rate Ad NOTE When updating the Connectivity webpage it is necessary to hold down the CTR key while pressing the Refresh button otherwise the information will not be updated Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 77 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Connected Devices Connected Devices wid MAC ADDRESS IR ADDRESS AID CHAN RATE RSSI BGND CAPS 06 12 af 00 91 16 192 168 0
84. e best signal level This functionality permits a client to have mobility while maintaining a link with the most suitable access point LED Indication The following table details the status of the indicating LEDs on the front panel under normal operating conditions LED Indicator Condition Meaning OK Green Normal operation OK Flashing Red Green Module boot sequence Radio RX Green flash Radio receiving data good signal strength Radio RX Red flash Radio receiving data low signal strength TX LINK Green Radio connection established TX LINK Red flash Radio transmitting RS 232 Green flash Data sent from RS 232 serial port RS 232 Red flash Data received to RS 232 serial port LAN ON Link established on Ethernet port LAN Flash Activity on Ethernet port RS 485 Green flash Data sent from RS 485 serial port RS 485 Red flash Data received to RS 485 serial port DIO Green Digital input is grounded DIO Red Digital output is active DIO Off Digital output off and input is open circuit The Ethernet RJ45 port incorporates two indication LEDs The Link LED comes on when there is a connection on the Ethernet port and will blink off briefly when activity is detected on the Ethernet port The 100 MB LED indicates that the connection is at 100 MBit sec The 100 MB LED will be off for 10 MB sec connection Other conditions indicating a fault are described in Chapter 4 DIAGNOSTI
85. e buffer Ethernet frames in radio queue If the radio cannot transmit due because full to high noise this queue increments When the buffer is full all new messages are dropped Buffer size is 150 messages Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 87 Client Beacon Missed Interrupts TX Failed due to too many retries RX Failed due to bad CRC Broadcast Notes Management Frames Network Traffic Analysis There are many devices and PC programs that will analyze performance of an Ethernet network Freely available programs such as Ethereal provide a simple cost effective means for more advanced analysis By monitoring traffic on the wired Ethernet a better idea of regular traffic can be gained Network analysis programs make configuration of a filter for the 245U E a simple task 4 6 System Tools The System Tools page has a number of tools that help maintain the module firmware and configuration 88 Configuration Summary TCP Throughput Test Radio Path Test Read Configuration File Write Configuration File Firmware Upgrade System Log File Reset Factory Default Configuration 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual The number of beacons 100 msec the client has missed from the access point This is the number of frames that have been lost Original Message 7 Retries 1 TX failed due to too many retires Each retry is sent within a few msec TX Failed TX Antenna Profile Frame Packet Loss Ra
86. e certificate If this field is blank or contains errors the certificate is invalid Trusted CA Displays the contents of the CA certificate Certificate Contents 3 8 Normal Operation After addresses are configured the units are ready for operation Refer to 1 0 Network Topology for an explanation on the operation of a bridge and router Bridge Operation Transparent Network A bridge connects several Ethernet networks together and makes them appear as a single Ethernet network to higher protocol layers By default the 245U E is configured as a transparent bridge When a transparent bridge is started it learns the location of other devices by monitoring the source address of all incoming traffic Initially it forwards all traffic between the wired Ethernet port and the wireless port However by keeping a list of devices heard on each port the transparent bridge can decide which traffic must be forwarded between ports and will only transfer a message from the wired port to the wireless port if it is required A bridge will forward all broadcast traffic between the wired and wireless ports If the wired network is busy with broadcast traffic the radio network on the 245U E can be unnecessarily overburdened Use filtering to reduce broadcast traffic sent over the radio Refer to 3 19 Filtering for information on how to configure a filter By default a transparent bridge does not handle loops within the network There must be a sin
87. e unit to reset While the module executes the reset sequence the OK LED will flash The OK LED will turn green when the reset sequence is complete Extending a Wired Network Client 1 Bridge LAN HUB 192 168 0 0 Netmask 255 255 255 0 Ethernet Devices Figure 75 Example Configuration 1 Access Point Configuration 1 Connect a straight through Ethernet cable between the PC and the 245U E 2 Ensure that the configuration of the PC and 245U E are setup to communicate on the same network 3 Set DIP switch to SETUP mode 4 Power up the unit and wait for the OK LED to stop flashing 5 Adjust the PC network settings 6 Set Configuration PC network card with the network setting of IP address 192 168 0 1 netmask 255 255 255 0 7 Open the Configuration webpage within Internet Explorer at https 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the module s serial number 8 When prompted for the password enter default username user and password user 9 Click Network and set the Operating Mode to Access Point Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 73 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 10 Set the Device Mode as Bridge 11 Change the Gateway IP Address to 192 168 0 1 12 Change the Ethernet and Wireless IP addresses to 192 168 0 200 13 Change the Ethernet and Wireless Subnet masks to 255 255 255 0 14 Enter a System Address ESSID string 15 Select the radio e
88. e used to transmit but not at the same time The module calculates the best port based on previous transmissions and MAC addressing am NOTE Broadcast UDP transmission messages will initially toggle between the antenna ports and could result in every second message not being heard until the module learns which device can be reached through which antenna port Aux Port Only Messages will be transmitted via the auxiliary RX port only Same as for TX antenna above but for the receiver port Setting to Both Diversity will allow a high gain antenna to be connected to the auxiliary RX port which will give better RX signal gain without increasing the TX gain and possibly pushing it over the regulatory EIRP threshold Access point only DTIM sets which beacon frames incorporate extra information for low power sleeping client devices Normally set this to 1 Ready To Send threshold RTS frames can be used to help avoid radio collisions between two stations that cannot directly hear each other Any frame larger than the RTS threshold bytes will be preceded by an RTS message The default value of RTS threshold is 2346 which effectively disables RTS signaling since this value is larger than the maximum frame size fragmentation threshold Client stations only The maximum transmission unit MTU of data over the radio If more than this number of bytes is input into the module it will be transmitted in more than one message fragme
89. econd interval Figure 89 Iperf The specified IP address must be running Iperf in Server mode If the remote modem does not have the Iperf server running you will get the error message perf error check connectivity to server Ensure that it has been enabled and reset the module Each time you click Measure Throughput a 10 second TCP throughput test is performed You will see the message Performing Iperf Test and if you look at the modules you will see the TX Link and RX LEDs flashing quickly as it performs the test After about 10 seconds a graph appears showing the actual throughput over the 10 second period and a calculated average The graph below shows the data throughput range between 8 and 14 5 Mbits per second with an overall average of 10 9 Mbits per second It is recommended to perform this throughput test a number of times to get a better sample of the overall throughput Iperf throughput for 10 second interval Average throughput 12 20 Mbits sec Figure 90 Iperf Throughput The expected throughput will depend on a number of things including the distance setting selected channel width and whether using the internal Iperf utility or running Iperf externally on a laptop or PC at both ends of the link The following table shows real world throughput estimates based on channel selection and receiver signal levels Throughput is calculated using the built in Iperf utility and communicating TCP IP over the three band
90. ed If the MAC filter list is a blacklist the message will be dropped e The MAC address list checks the source address of the message only e The IP address filter checks both the source address and the destination address of the message If either address match then the rule is activated e ARP filtering applies only to ARP request packets typically these are broadcast packets that are sourced from the Ethernet interface and destined for the wireless interface ARP requests from devices on the wireless network will always be passed to the Ethernet interface ARP response packets will always be passed When configuring a whitelist it is important to add the addresses of all devices connected to the 245U E wired Ethernet port that communicate over the wireless link It is particularly important to add the address of the configuration PC to the whitelist Failure to add this address will prevent the configuration PC from making any further changes to configuration Design of the filter may be simplified by monitoring network traffic and forming a profile of traffic on the wired network Network analysis software such as the freely available Wireshark program will list broadcast traffic sent on the network In the example in Figure 66 device B needs to communicate with device E via modems C and D The filtering requires that at modem C has device B in its whitelist and modem D has device E in its whitelist With this filtering device A w
91. ed remote server data RJ 45 Standard connectors used in Ethernet networks RJ 45 connectors are similar to standard RJ 11 telephone connectors but RJ 45 connectors can have up to eight wires whereas telephone connectors have four Server A computer that provides its resources to other computers and devices on a network These include print servers Internet servers and data servers A server can also be combined with a hub or router Site Survey The process whereby a wireless network installer inspects a location prior to installing a wireless network Site surveys are used to identify the radio and client use properties of a facility so that access points can be optimally placed SSL Sub Network or Subnet Secure Sockets Layer SSL is an encryption scheme commonly used by many online retail and banking sites to protect the financial integrity of transactions When an SSL session begins the server sends its public key to the browser The browser then sends a randomly generated secret key back to the server in order to have a secret key exchange for that session Found in larger networks these smaller networks are used to simplify addressing between numerous computers Subnets connect together through a router Switch A type of hub that efficiently controls the way multiple devices use the same network so that each can operate at optimal performance A switch acts as a networks traffic cop Rather than
92. elevant naming authority If your network is stand alone this field is set to an arbitrary name of your choice Device Name Host This is the DNS name of the local device commonly referred to as the host name Name or computer name This setting is duplicated on the main Module Information configuration page This is the name which is used to refer to this device see 3 24 Module Information 3 23 VLAN What is VLAN Virtual Local Area Network VLAN is a way of splitting a network into groups that could extend beyond a single traditional LAN to groups of LANs each identified with a different VLAN ID VID Using a VLAN you can group users by logical connections instead of physical location This can increase security and help improve the efficiency of traffic flow by limiting multicast and broadcast messages Traffic between VLANs is blocked unless the VLAN is identified with the correct VLAN ID There are three main VLAN modes that the 245U E supports Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 65 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual e VLAN Pass through Mode A transparent bridge in which frames are forwarded unmodified This is the default mode of the modem in which all frames pass transparently through the bridge regardless of whether they are VLAN tagged or untagged This is the most common VLAN mode and requires no VLAN configuration at all In VLAN Pass through mode access to the internal management functions is via
93. els 1 11 are 20 MHz channels 41 51 are 10 MHz and channels 21 31 are 5 MHz Turbo channels can are also be selected depending on the country Channel AP Only Auto O Channel Width STA and Auto Channel Only T3 bls Transmit Data Rate Is Beacon Interval AP Only Max Distance A g Disable SSID Broadcast AP Only 6 Turbo 3 Address Mode STA Only 9 Save Changes SaveChangesandReset 10 7 11 21 2412MHz 5MHz 22 2417MHz 5MHz Go to Advanced Radio Configuration 23 2422MHz 5MHz 24 2427MHz 5MHz 25 2432MHz 5MHz 26 2437MHz 5MHz 27 2442MHz 5MHz 7 Figure 37 2 4GHz Channel Selection 245U E A Modem 5 GHz 802 11a You can select an individual channel from the list keeping in mind that the channel will have some transmit and or DFS constraints as indicated in 3 1 Selecting a Channel and Appendix C CHANNELS If using the Auto mode you will need to select the appropriate groups that you wish to use and the modem will automatically select an available channel from within the selected groups Channel AP Only Auto Select the channel group s to use for Auto selection below Channel Group 1 5 150 5 250GHz Channels 36 40 44 48 Channel Group 2 5 250 5 350GHz L Channels 52 56 60 64 DFS Channel Group 3 5 470 5 725GHz Channels 100 104 108 112 116 120 124 128 132 136 140 DFS Channel Group 4 5 725 5 825GHz C Channels 149 153 157 161 165 Figure 38 5 GHz Ch
94. emale and provides for connection to a host device as well as a PC terminal for configuration field testing and factory testing Communication is via standard RS232 signals The 245U E is configured as DCE equipment with the pinouts described below Hardware handshaking using the CTS RTS lines is provided The CTS RTS lines may be used to reflect the status of the local unit s input buffer The 245U E does not support XON XOFF Example cable drawings for connection to a DTE host a PC or another DCE hosts or modem are detailed in Figure 14 DCE HOST MODEM DTE HOST DB9 DB9 DB9 FEMALE MALE MALE Figure 14 Serial Cable 16 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual DB9 Connector Pinouts Pin Name Direction Function 1 DCD Out Data Carrier Detect 2 RD Out Transmit Data Serial Data Output from DCE to DTE 3 TD In Receive Data Serial Data Input from DTE to DCE 4 DTR In Data Terminal Ready 5 SG Signal Ground 6 DSR Out Data Set Ready always high when unit is powered on T RTS In Request to Send 8 CTS Out Clear to Send 9 RI Ring Indicator RS485 Serial Port The RS485 port provides for communication between the 245U E unit and its host device using a multi drop cable Up to 32 devices may be connected in each multi drop network Because the RS485 communication medium is shared only one of the units on the RS485 cable may send data
95. enabled gt gt ox Se Green RSSI is above Strong RSSI threshold b Red RSSI is between Strong amp Weak thresholds Rs 232 AL Green Throughput above high threshold Red Throughput between High amp Low thresholds gt Off No data being transferred p pio A Red Test data being transferred Figure 93 Throughput Test LEDs 4 8 Remote Configuration Because a module configuration is viewed and changed in a Web format which uses TCP IP protocol you can view or change the configuration of a remote module via the wireless link provided the remote module already has a wireless link established to the local 245U E To perform a remote configuration connect a PC to the local module run Internet Explorer and enter the IP address of the remote unit or device name if using DNS The Configuration page of the remote module will appear and changes can be made A NOTE Care must be taken if modifying the configuration of a module remotely If the radio configuration is changed some changes made may cause loss of the radio link and therefore loss of the network connection It is advisable to determine the path of the links to the modules you wish to modify and draw a tree diagram if necessary Modify the modules at the leaf nodes of your tree diagram These will be the furthest away from your connection point in terms of the number of radio or Ethernet links In a simple system this usually means modifying the client
96. endent of having been made by running the Program Whether that is true depends on what the Program does Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 111 112 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program s source code as you receive it in any medium provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it thus forming a work based on the Program and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above provided that you also meet all of these conditions a You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change b You must cause any work that you distribute or publish that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License c If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run you mu
97. ept this License Therefore by modifying or distributing the Program or any work based on the Program you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so and all its terms and conditions for copying distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it 6 Each time you redistribute the Program or any work based on the Program the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients exercise of the rights granted herein You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License 7 If as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason not limited to patent issues conditions are imposed on you whether by court order agreement or otherwise that contradict the conditions of this License they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example if a patent license would not permit royalty free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the
98. erial Gateway Mode Server Module will wait for a connection to be initiated by a remote client Character Timeout Enter the maximum delay in msec between received serial characters before the packet is sent via network Packet Size The number of received bytes that will be buffered before a packet is sent via the network Listen Port Server Server only Enter the TCP port number on which the server must listen for incoming connections The standard TELNET port is 23 Serial Gateway Mode Client Module will automatically attempt to connect to the specified remote server Character Timeout Enter the maximum delay in msec between received serial characters before the packet is sent via network Packet Size The number of received bytes that will be buffered before a packet is sent via the network Remote Device Port Client only Enter the TCP port number of the remote server the remote port to automatically connect to Remote Device IP Client only Enter the IP address of the remote server Address Serial Gateway Mode Multicast Allows point to multi point serial transfer All members of the group will receive serial transmissions made by any other member of the multicast group Character Timeout Enter the maximum delay in msec between received serial characters before the packet is sent via network Packet Size The number of received bytes that will be buffered before a packet is sent via the network Multicast Group Port
99. ernally because of the additional load placed on the internal microprocessor Even so the throughput results still give an excellent indication of link performance as long as you compare the measured result against the expected result in the table See Appendix D EXTERNAL IPERF TEST for details on running this application externally Internal Throughput Test Before testing ensure that the end node of the Wi Fi Link that you wish to test has the lperf server enabled under the Advanced Radio Settings page and Saved to Flash and ensure that the module has been reset See 3 10 Advanced Radio Configuration A NOTE TCP throughput test must be run using Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 or later Advanced Radio Settings Tx Antenna Main Port Only v Rx Antenna Main Port Only DTIM Period AP Only 1 beacon intervals RTS Threshold 2346 bytes Fragmentation Threshold 2346 bytes Interference Mitigation Bursting m Enable Iperf Server iv Fixed Noise Floor 0 dBm Set to 0 for Dynamic Adjustment l Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 87 Throughput Test Configuration To run an internal throughput test 1 Connect to the webpage of the module that will be performing the Iperf test 2 Select System Tools on the right pane of the webpage and then select TCP Throughput Test The screen shown in Figure 88 appears TCP Throughput Test The performance of a wireless link is best measured in term
100. es are not higher than 2 5 kV at 250 Vac supply Altitude 2000 m Power Supply Nominal Supply 9 to 30 Vdc Under Over Voltage Protection Average Current Draw 270 mA 12 V Idle 140 mA 24 V Idle Transmit Current Draw 470 mA 12 V 400 mW 250 mA 24 V 400 mW NOTE Specifications subject to change 1 Order option for 802 11b g 2 Order option for 802 1 1a 3 Typical maximum line of sight range 4 Supports signal diversity or high gain antenna 5 Can be used to transfer I O status or communications failure output 6 Maximum distance 1200 meters 98 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual APPENDIX A FIRMWARE UPGRADE Determine the firmware version present in the module to be upgraded by viewing the index webpage of the module Firmware versions 1 0 3 and later may be upgraded via the Configuration webpages This upgrade can be executed locally with a PC connected directly to the module or remotely over a working radio link For remote upgrades it is advisable to reduce radio traffic over the link from other devices as much as possible If necessary create a temporary separate radio network to perform the upgrade to remote modules Web based Upgrade Web based firmware upgrades are available from the System tools page by selecting Firmware Upgrade A firmware upgrade is performed by uploading a patch file that
101. ess The client should renew its lease within this time 3 22 DNS Server Configuration Domain Name Service DNS allows devices to be given human readable names in additions to their IP address This makes identification of devices hosts simpler and makes it possible to identify devices that have been automatically assigned their IP address by a DHCP server see section 3 21 DHCP Server Configuration DNS is the system that translates Internet names Such as www eaton com wireless to IP addresses The ELPRO 245U E can act as a DNS server for a local network Name to IP address mapping is automatically updated by the built in DHCP server when it issues an IP address to a client unit For the DNS server configuration to be effective each DNS client must be configured with the address of this DNS server as either the primary or secondary DNS secondary DNS is only used if there is no response from the primary DNS Normally this is done by setting the primary DNS field of the DHCP server configuration to the wireless IP address This address is then provided to client units to use as their primary DNS server address when the DHCP server issues an IP address The DNS server is configured using the following settings Enabled Select this checkbox to enable the DNS server Domain Name This is a common suffix applied to the name of each device in the network If your network is part of a larger network this would be assigned to you by the r
102. ess Ethernet Modem User Manual WDS Connections Add Entry Delete Entry ConnectionMode SSID MAC Address _Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 Access Point Downlink SSID_A B WPA2 PSK AES PassPhrase F Figure 55 Site B WDS Configuration 2 Example 3 Adding Redundancy In the example below 4 x access points A B C and D form a mesh network using only WDS bridge interfaces Each of the access points may also have its own associated clients Each access point is configured with a different SSID which means that the clients associated with each access point are fixed Redundant Networks Site B J N Virtual Station SSID SSID_B SSID SSID_C Virtual Station SSID SSID_B Virtual Station SSID SSID_C WDS Bridge C Virtual AP Site C L Virtual Station Figure 56 WDS Redundancy Sites A B C and D can all exchange data with each other as can all of their stations as if they were all on the same wired segment Notice that there are redundant paths and therefore the possibility for loops to occur The bridge Spanning Tree Protocol should therefore be enabled and depending on the size of the mesh a bridge priority should possibly be configured Bridge priority is used to determine the connection priority when selecting an interface to put into the forwarding state You can assign higher priority values to interfaces that you want s
103. evices that are its leaf nodes There is some overhead in maintaining a network utilizing the Spanning Tree Algorithm Users wishing to increase their throughput at the expense of redundancy should disable Spanning Tree The Spanning Tree Protocol can be configured on the Repeaters configuration page 3 6 Compatibility 3 Address Mode and 4 Address Mode Addresses in a Wireless Ethernet Data Frame There are two Wi Fi communication modes 3 Address mode Layer 3 Bridge and 4 Address mode The modes have a slightly different way of addressing the data frames to other devices on the network In 3 Address mode the addressing is made up of a destination address DA a source address SA and a BSSID MAC address of the access point In 4 Address mode the addressing is made of a destination address DA a source address SA a radio transmit address RTA and a radio receive address RRA Packets Between Access Point and Client Communications between access points and client generally uses 3 Address mode because there are only three addresses within the communication path as indicated in the path from the laptop to Station 1 in Figure 30 If the laptop wishes to communicate to Station 1 the DA will be Station 1 the SA will be the laptop and the BSSID will be the access point s MAC address therefore 3 Address mode is used The example in Figure 30 shows that the laptop may need to communicate to the Ethernet device connected to
104. f no Modbus TCP data is received within this timeout period the TCP connection will be dropped Set this field to zero for no timeout Maximum Request Enter the maximum number of request retries performed serially Retries Maximum Enter the maximum number of simultaneous TCP connections to the server allowed Connections 3 13 Multicast Pipe Manager Previously it has been difficult to connect a single TCP device such as a SCADA or DCS system to multiple remote multicast serial devices Multicast pipe allows this type of connection An example would be a SCADA system that needs to communicate with multiple remote serial devices A modem can be placed at each remote location and connected serially to each device A multicast pipe is configured to communicate with all devices using a multicast address and port for example 224 0 1 1 5000 The SCADA then communicates with the remotes using TCP via the IP address of the multicast manager and the port selected in the configuration for example 5001 Multicast Pipe Manager Enabled V Server Port 5001 Multicast Groupt IP Address 224 0 1 1 Multicast Group Port 5000 Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 42 Multicast Pipe 46 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Multicast Pipe Enabled Multicast Address 224 0 1 1 Port 5000 Multicast Group Multicast Address 224 0 1 1 Port 5000 Scada Running a Client Virtual
105. for the starting register of each wi interface 9999 Both Reset the module enter FFFF to reset module Statistic Registers Register Module Description 4500 Both Total data packets received on the interface 4502 Both Received frames with antenna 1 TX RX 4504 Both Received frames with antenna 2 RX 4506 Both Receiver default antenna switches 4508 Both Receive message failed due to bad CRC 4510 Both Receive message failed due to decryption 4512 Both Receive message failed due to MIC failure 4514 Both Receive message failed due to FIFO overrun 4516 Both Beacon missed interrupts 92 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Register Module Description 4518 Both Total data packet sent on the interface 4520 Both Transmit frames with antenna 1 TX RX 4522 Both Transmit frames with antenna 2 RX 4524 Both Transmitter antenna switches 4526 Both Transmitter on chip retries 4528 Both Transmit message failed due to too many retries 4530 Both Transmit frames with alternate rate 4532 Both Transmit frames with no ACK marked such as broadcast multicast 4534 Both Management frames transmitted 4536 Both Transmit frames with RTS enabled 4538 Both Transmit frames with CTS enabled 4540 Both Beacons transmitted 4542 Both Beacon missed count 4544 Bot
106. functionality for I O transfer The 5000 x 16 bit general purpose registers are provided for Modbus including the onboard digital input output and are shared for both client and server Modbus TCP client master and Modbus TCP server slave are both supported simultaneously and when combined with the built in Modbus TCP to RTU gateway the 245U E can transfer I O to and from almost any combination of Modbus TCP or RTU devices Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 47 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual The layout of the 245U E I O registers is summarized in the table below Each register is internally saved as a 16 bit unsigned integer value A Modbus transaction may access the entire 16 bit value of any register Alternatively the most significant bit of a register may be accessed as a discrete value The main use for the general purpose I O registers is for intermediate storage as when transferring I O from one Modbus slave device to another Also provided is the status of the onboard digital I O as well as the status of the wireless link The 16 bit status register contains the value FFFF hexadecimal for On and 0000 hexadecimal for Off Inverted status registers are also provided where the registers contain 0000 hexadecimal for On and FFFF hexadecimal for Off Registers Purpose 1 4299 General purpose I O registers read write 4300 On board digi
107. ged device on the same IP subnet can access the modules configuration 70 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Modify the Management VLAN as required to provide access to the internal managament functions and online configuration interface The Management VLAN will override the Network page settings Management VLAN Delete Management VLAN Name VLANID VLAN Management IP Management Bridge Bridge Priority Netmask STP Priority 1 Management VLAN 1 lo 192 168 0 100 255 255 255 0 22768 Interface Membership for Management VLAN Interface Type 1 Ethernet Interface w Untagged y VLAN Group 2 Delete VLAN Group 2 Name VLANID VLAN Management IP Management Bridge Bridge Priority Netmask STP Priority 1 statt E a 192 168 2 100 255 255 255 0 D z Interface Membership for VLAN Group 2 Interface Type 1 Ethemet interface y Tagged 2 Wireless Interface w Untagged w VLAN Group 3 Delete VLAN Group 3 Name VLANID VLAN Management IP Management Bridge Bridge Priority Netmask STP Priority os 20 5 192 168 5 100 255 255 255 0 32768 Interface Membership for VLAN Group 3 Interface Type 1 EthemetInterfsce w Tagged ow 2 WDSRepeater 1 y Untagged y VLAN Group 4 Delete VLAN Group 4 Name VLANID VLAN Management IP Management Bridge Bridge Priority Netmask STP Priority 1 Production g z 10 94 7
108. gged and the wireless interface is untagged Any data arriving at the Ethernet port is expected to have VLAN tagged data with VLAN ID 10 and any data sent from the Ethernet port will have the VLAN tag added This example allows wireless data from VLAN unaware devices to be bridged with the Ethernet interface and have VLAN tags added the Ethernet connection is now part of a VLAN trunk that will send receive data to from other VLAN aware devices 68 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Example 1 Untagged Ethernet Management S f 10 m Management VLAN Ethernet 192 168 0 100 Interface VLAN Group 2 Eth0 192 168 2 100 Wireless VLAN Operations VLAN 10 Untagged Pa Wi0 Wireless Interface Figure 69 VLAN Example 1 The module configuration below shows there are two VLAN groups configured The first group is used for management of the module and ensures a connection is maintained for configuration and diagnostics from untagged devices on the VLAN trunk Modify the Management VLAN as required to provide access to the internal managament functions and online configuration interface The Management VLAN will override the Network page settings Management VLAN Name VLAN ID VLAN ManagementIP Management Bridge Bridge Priority _Netmask STP Priority 1 Management VLAN 1 0 192 168 0 100 255 255 255 0 32768 Interface Membership for Ma
109. gle path to each device on the network Loops in the network will cause the same data to be continually passed around that loop Redundant wireless links may be set up by enabling the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol see 3 5 Spanning Tree Algorithm for details 36 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Router Operation Routed Network A router joins separate IP sub networks together The router has different IP addresses on its wired and wireless ports reflecting the different IP addresses of the separate Ethernet networks All of the devices in these separate networks identify the router by IP address as their gateway to the other network When devices on one network wish to communicate with devices on the other network they direct their packets at the router for forwarding Because the router has an IP address on each of the networks it joins it inherently knows the packet identity If the traffic directed at the router cannot be identified for any of the networks to which it is connected the router must consult its routing rules as to where to direct the traffic For details on configuring routing rules see 3 18 Routing 3 9 Radio Configuration The 245U E can be configured for different radio transmission rates A reduction in rate increases the reliable range transmission distance The factory default data rate settings are suitable for the majority of applications and should onl
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111. h Beacon miss reset count 4546 Both Transmit message failed due to no TX buffer data 4548 Both Fatal hardware error interrupts 4550 Both Receiver PHY error summary count 4552 Both Transmitter queue stopped because it is full 4 10 Utilities ping Ping is a basic Internet program that lets you verify that a particular IP address exists and can accept requests Ping is used diagnostically to ensure that a host computer or device that you are trying to reach is actually operating For example if a user cannot ping a host the user will be unable to send files to that host Ping operates by sending a packet of data to a designated address and waiting for a response The basic operation of ping can be performed by following these steps in any Windows operating system 1 Click the Start menu and choose Run 2 Type cmd and press Enter You should see the command screen come up There will be a certain directory specified unique to your own PC with a flashing cursor 3 At the cursor type the word ping followed by a space and the default IP address for the 245U E at first startup This command would be written as ping 192 168 0 118 Press Enter to send the ping command The PC will reply with an acknowledgment of the command and if the 245U E is correctly configured your reply will look similar to Figure 95 Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 93 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual g gt Ge Adm
112. h more than two 245U E routers and in some cases when WDS router interfaces are used If more than one next hop router is required the 245U E allows for up to 30 routing rules to be configured A routing rule specifies a destination network or host IP address and the corresponding next hop router to which messages for the specified destination will be forwarded It is assumed that the next hop router or gateway will then deliver the data to the required destination or forward it on to another router that will 192 168 0 72 192 168 0 34 Client Access Point Bridge LAN A 192 168 0 34 Client Router 192 168 0 74 Client Router Figure 63 Routing Figure 63 illustrates a situation where routing rules may need to be configured In this example the 245U E clients need only specify the access point as their default gateway they require no routing rules to be configured However for the access point to be able to deliver traffic to LAN B and LAN C it needs to have routing rules configured that specify the respective 245U E client and routers as next hop routers gateways to networks B and C Note that devices on LAN A should specify the 245U E access point as their default gateway An alternative to adding routing rules to the 245U E in this example would be for each device on LAN A that needs to communicate with LANs B and C to have independent routing rules specifying the 245U E clients at B and C as gateways
113. he connected modem is receiving valid data from another modem e The connected modem has detected RF noise or interference The Channel Survey shows the channel utilization and noise floor graph with 1 second 1 minute and 1 hour periods Figure 80 shows a percent of the overall radio traffic on the channel that is currently being used Bar Graph of Percent Channel Utilization with 1 Second Intervals Average Channel Utilization for past 60 seconds 14 Figure 80 Channel Utilization Figure 81 shows the radio receive noise floor for the last 60 seconds Bar Graph of Noise Floor dBm with 1 second intervals 0 6 12 15 4 30 36 42 45 4 59 Average Noise Floor for past 60 seconds 92dBm Figure 81 RX Noise Floor 80 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Figure 82 shows the average Channel Utilization for each minute up to one hour It will also give a running average for the total number of minutes up to 59 minutes Bar Graph of Percent Channel Utilization with 1 minute intervals Average Channel Utilization for past 12 minutes 19 Figure 82 Channel Utilization Minutes Figure 83 shows the running radio receive noise floor average for each minute up to 59 minutes Bar Graph of Noise Floor dBm with 1 minute intervals EEE Eases Average Noise Floor for past 12 minutes 92dBm Figure 83 Noise Floor Minutes The Channel Survey page also shows two other screens not shown he
114. he overhead of using the bridge Spanning Tree protocol by configuring fixed WDS links to ensure that each access point will only connect to the next access point in the chain Any number of additional intermediate repeaters could be added to the chain in a similar way Figure 52 Extending Range Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 55 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual WDS Connections Add Entry Delete Entry Connection Mode SSID MAC Address _ Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 Client Station Uplink SSID_C WPA2 PSK AES v PassPhrase Figure 53 Site B WDS Configuration 1 The WDS configuration for unit B is shown above this page is accessible via the repeaters link from the configuration webpages Site B is acting as an access point for Site A and is a client to Site C Likewise Site C is acting as an access point for Site B and a client for Site D Since this example is a bridged network all devices are on the same IP network and each link is using a different SSID there is no possibility of loops multiple paths to the same location and you do not need to incur the overhead of enabling STP bridge Spanning Tree Protocol You specify the devices at the other end of the WDS links by SSID only MAC addresses can be used to specify point to point links to third party devices that do not support meshing via SSID In this example each virtual connectio
115. he reply shows the PC s IP address subnet mask and the gateway to which it is connected Other ipconfig commands will return more information The hardware or MAC address of the computer may be discovered using the command ipconfig all command The command ipconfig lists all of the commands and their usages available for use arp Displays and modifies the IP to physical address translation tables used by Address Resolution Protocol ARP Once a remote computer has been pinged this command can be used to see the IP address and MAC address of the remote computer It will also show any other devices on the network to which it may be connected Command Prompt i Darp a Interface 192 168 6 17 x3 Internet Address Physical Address Type 192 168 6 99 66 Gd 88 7e 2f 73 dynamic 192 168 6 185 66 12 af 66 91 14 dynamic 192 168 080 187 66 12 af 66 96 cc dynamic V gt Figure 98 arp Command The command used in Figure 98 is arp a It shows the PC s IP address like the previous ipconfig command In this case the IP address is still 192 168 0 17 It also shows the IP address and associated MAC address of any another device that has a connection to it The command arp lists the commands available for this function Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 95 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual route The route command is used for the router function This is where you are
116. ield Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway The Modbus TCP to RTU gateway allows an Ethernet Modbus TCP client master to communicate with a serial Modbus RTU slave The 245U E makes this possible by internally performing the necessary protocol conversion The conversion is always performed by the 245U E which is directly connected to the Modbus serial device only this module needs to have Modbus TCP to RTU gateway enabled Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 43 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Client Access Point RS232 Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway RS232 Modbus RTU Slave Modbus TCP Server Master Figure 41 Modbus TCP Client to Modbus RTU Slaves The above example demonstrates how a Modbus TCP client master can connect to one or more Modbus RTU serial slaves In this example the 245U E access point is configured with the RS232 Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway enabled Once enabled the gateway converts the Modbus TCP queries received from the master into Modbus RTU queries and forwards these over the RS232 port to the slave When the serial response to the query arrives from the slave it is converted to a Modbus TCP response and forwarded via the network to the Modbus TCP master If no response was received serially by the 245U E within the configured Response Timeout the 245U E will initiate a number of retries specified by the configured Maximum Request Retries The Modbus TCP to RTU gateway may be configured to ope
117. ight 1985 2661 Microsoft Corp ocd jperf 2 0 2 jperf 2 2 gt jperef Figure 104 Jperf Perf Iperf command binfiperf exe c 192 168 0 185 P 141 p 5001 fk t 10 ae awe LEE Run Perf Choose iPerf Mode Gient Server address 192 168 0 185 Parallel Streams i T 68 iai gt mc Jun 2011 12 52 52 Application layer options Bandwidth Enable Compatibility Mode Transmit Bytes Output Format KBits Report Interval 12 seconds Testing Mode Dual Trade test port Representative File Print MSS Transport layer options Output Choose the protocol to use TIEZE O q 08 KBytes Kbits sec 1828 O 7 KBytes Kbits sec 1828 7 ul KBytes Kbits sec OTe Buffer Length 1828 0 0 KBytes Kbits sec 1828 i 0 KBytes Kbits sec 1828 i KBytes Kbits sec Max Segment Size Done TCP Window Size TCP No Delay Quo Clear Output on each Iperf Run Figure 105 Jperf Screen 2 When the Jperf screen appears select the Client option and enter the IP address of the server PC Leave the Port as the default and click Run Iperf The test will run again and the bandwidth throughput display will show results of the test NOTE Jperf runs using Java technology Depending on your PC setup further installation of Java software may be required 108 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22
118. ill be not be able to access device E because device A is not present in the whitelist in modem C If radio links are chained together to form a radio backbone it is also important to consider the operation of the Layer 3 Transparent Bridge refer 3 8 Normal Operation A 245U E client will act as a MAC address translator as it acts as a MAC address proxy on behalf of devices connected to its wired Ethernet port The addition of 245U E client MAC addresses into intermediate 245U E units whitelist filters may be required for correct operation 62 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Access Point Bridge Figure 66 Filtering Example NOTE If an erroneous configuration has prevented all access to the module SETUP mode can be used to restore operation MAC Address Filter Configuration MAC addresses are uniquely assigned to each device and therefore can be used to permit or deny network access to specific devices through the use of blacklists and whitelists In theory MAC filtering allows a administrators to permit or deny network access to hosts associated with the MAC address though in practice there are methods to circumvent this form of access control through address modification The MAC filter entry will match only the source MAC address in the packet NOTE Itis important to add the MAC address of the configuration PC when creating a whitelist If the configura
119. ing all traffic for the 192 168 6 X network will be routed through the WDS link address 192 168 0 4 This is the WDS router IP address that Site C has been configured with for its WDS link to Site A For more information on routing rules refer to the 3 18 Routing Unit C and D require some sort of routing rule that will determine how they communicate to networks outside of their configuration Similar routing rules as shown above could be configured to direct traffic to these other networks However if only one routing path is required a default gateway address can be configured on the Network page Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 59 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual IP Address 192 168 6 4 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 163 6 3 Figure 62 Gateway Address 3 18 Routing When a 245U E receives an IP frame that is destined for an IP address on a different network it checks if the network address matches the network address of one of its own interfaces hard wired Ethernet or wireless Ethernet or WDS and forwards the frame appropriately However if the IP network address does not match the network address of any of its interfaces the 245U E will forward the frame to its default gateway In this case it is assumed that the default gateway has a valid route to the destination In some cases it is not practical to have just one default gateway For example this is true for routed wireless networks wit
120. inistrator Command Prompt gt ping 192 168 6 118 inging 192 168 0 118 with 32 bytes of data eply from 192 168 0 118 bytes 32 time 6ms TTL 64 eply from 192 168 080 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 0 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 080 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 Ping statistics for 192 168 606 118 Packets Sent 4 Received 4 Lost loss Approximate round trip times in milli seconds M Minimum ms Maximum 6ms Average ims maj C N Figure 95 ping Command Figure 96 shows the response of the ping t 192 168 0 118 command E BJ Administrator Command Prompt gt ping t 192 168 6 118 inging 192 168 0 118 with 32 bytes of data eply from 192 168 118 bytes 32 time 6ms TTL 64 eply from 192 168 0 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 0 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 4 eply from 192 168 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 m eply from 1 2 168 0 11 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 08 11 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 6 11 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192 168 6 11 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 eply from 192
121. int Client LAN Figure 5 Multiple Repeaters Multiple access points can be set up in a mesh network to provide multiple repeaters Bridge vs Router Each 245U E is configured with one IP address for the Ethernet side and another for the wireless side A bridge connects devices within the same Ethernet network for example extending an existing Ethernet LAN For a bridge the IP address for the wireless side is the same as the Ethernet side Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 192 168 0 34 192 168 0 72 Client Access Point 192 168 0 34 es as 192 168 0 72 LAN Internet Figure 6 Bridge A router connects devices on different LANs The IP addresses for the Ethernet and wireless sides are different In this example the wireless link is part of LAN A with the client unit acting as a router between LAN A and LAN B Alternatively the access point could be configured as a router The wireless link is then part of LAN B If more than two routers are required within the same radio network routing rules may need to be configured see 3 18 Routing for further details There is no limit to the number of bridges in the same network although there is a limit of 128 client units linked to any single access point 192 168 0 34 192 168 0 72 a Point Client a Router 192 168 0 34 192 168 102 17 LANA Figure 7 Client Router 192 168 102 54 1
122. ion 2 Ethernet Device Figure 30 Compatibility 245U E G AP 245U E G Sta 240U EAP 240U ECL 240U EAP 240U ECL 4Add 4Adq 3Add 3Add 245U E G AP Y Y y t Y N Y 245U E G Sta Y Y Y N A N 2 N A NOTES 1 Connection only if the 245U E G is configured with a virtual station client which in turn connects to the 240U E access point 2 Connection indication in the Connectivity pages but it is not a true connection see 3 Address Mode and 4 Address Mode above 3 7 Security Menu Select the Radio encryption level from the drop down menu on the main index page and then click Save Changes Available encryption levels are None WEP 64 bit WEP 128 bit WPA PSK TKIP WPA PSK AES WPA2 PSK AES WPA PSK WPA2 PSK Legacy and WPA Enterprise The default setting is None You will now need to go to the Security Menu and enter in the encryption keys WEP and passphrase WPA Wireless Interface Operating Mode Access Point v System Address ESSID Network1 Desired BSSID 00 00 00 00 00 00 Radio Encryption WPA2 PSK AES Configure Encryption Settings on Security Page Figure 31 Security Menu WEP 64 bit and 128 bit Encryption Keys 1 to 4 These are the keys used to encrypt radio data to protect data from unwanted eavesdroppers when WEP encryption is selected These keys should be the same for all 245U E units in the same system The 64 bit WEP requires 10 hexadeci
123. ions PPP server serial gateway and Modbus TCP to RTU gateway RS 232 PPP Server The 245U E can be used as a PPP Point to Point Protocol server to connect the wireless system to serial devices via the RS232 or RS485 serial ports PPP server enables a network connection to the 245U E over a serial cable This is much like dial up Internet The maximum serial data rate is 115 200 bps Hardware or software flow control may be selected With minimal configuration on the PC you may use dial up networking in Windows XP to connect to the network via the serial port For the 245U E users must configure the local IP address for the 245U E and the remote device IP address Some care must be taken in selecting these IP addresses e If you want to use routing over this serial network connection the IP addresses selected must not lie on wireless or wired Ethernet networks already configured into the device You must ensure they set routing rules appropriately for devices either side of the network Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 41 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual e If you want the serial device visible as present on the wireless or wired network the local IP address must be the same as the IP address set for the desired port A process called proxy ARP is used to make the device visible on the network In this process the 245U E pretends that it holds the IP address on the network and responds on behalf of the remote devi
124. is recorded as a potential connection It takes 50 msec to scan each channel with a 1 second delay between each scanned channel Scanning 10 channels will take 10 seconds during which time latency of up to 50 msec will occur and any throughput traffic is essentially paused and buffered for retransmission when complete It is therefore recommended that the scan list be used to limit the number of channels the client needs to scan thus reducing the overall scan time 52 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual During the background scan a client will scan all of the channels in the scan list to identify better access points If no channels are configured it will scan all channels Scan List only scan these channels for an AP Note Channel Width setting above will apply only when there are no entries in the Scan List Add Entry Delete Entry Channel Og E X 344 Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 50 Scan List The configuration in Figure 50 shows that the client will start scanning when the RSSI of its current connection to the access point falls below 90 dBm When this happens it will scan the list of access points configured in the roaming scan list in this case channels 1 4 and 6 and if any of the RSSI levels are greater than 84 dBm it will change to this access point 3 17 Repeaters WDS The range of a wireless network can be extende
125. ith a vulcanizing tape such as 3M 23 tape and finally with another layer of PVC UV stabilized insulating tape The first layer of tape allows the joint to be easily inspected when trouble shooting because the vulcanizing seal can be Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 13 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual easily removed Where antennas are mounted on elevated masts the masts should be effectively earthed grounded to avoid lightning surges For high lightning risk areas surge suppression devices between the module and the antenna are recommended If the antenna is not already shielded from lightning strike by an adjacent earthed grounded structure a lightning rod may be installed above the antenna to provide shielding Stretch to elongate sealant tape while wrapping over the connection ee For proper UV protection Electrical Tape should then be wrapped over the Vulcanising Tape Figure 10 Vulcanizing Tape Dipole and Collinear Antennas A dipole or collinear antenna transmits the same amount of radio power in all directions as such they are easy to install and use The dipole antenna with integral 15 ft 6 m cable does not require any additional coaxial cable However a cable must be used with the collinear antennas To obtain maximum range collinear and dipole antennas should be mounted vertically preferably 1 wavelength away from a wall or mast see Figure 11 for distances and at least 3 ft 1 m from the r
126. ity allows a maximum of 100 mappings to be configured and a maximum of 25 different Modbus TCP servers Modbus TCP server slave enables the 245U E to accept connections from one or more Modbus TCP clients masters 48 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Modbus TCP Configuration Enable Modbus TCP Server Slave C Modbus Server Device Id 1 Enable Modbus TCP Client Master C Modbus Client Scan Rate msec 1000 Reset Registers on Comms Fail o Comms Fail Timeout sec 10 Enable Modbus Statistics Log Background Noise W Figure 45 Modbus TCP All Modbus transactions routed to the onboard Modbus TCP server are directed to and from the onboard general purpose I O registers The Modbus TCP server is shared with the Modbus TCP to RTU gateway so that the Modbus device ID is used to determine if a Modbus transaction is to be routed to the onboard Modbus TCP server or to a Modbus RTU device connected to the serial port Care should be taken to ensure that all serially connected Modbus devices use a different Modbus device ID Modbus slave address to the onboard Modbus TCP server Up to 32 separate connections to the Modbus TCP server are supported Modbus RTU serial master functionality is achieved by combining the Modbus TCP client master and Modbus TCP to RTU gateway Simply specify a Modbus TCP client master connection to a Modbus TCP server where the server is the address of any 245U
127. joining two different networks together via the 245U E Refer to 1 1 Getting Started Quickly for details Normally the 245U E will only accept one routing rule by using the default gateway IP address on the Main Network page If more than one routing rule is needed for example for multiple networks each with a different IP range a routing table is required In the example in Figure 99 a routing rule needs to be entered into the Network A s PC which will allow access between Network A and Network B This can be entered at the command prompt using the following instructions e route PRINT will show all active routes on PC e route ADD will add a routing table to network e route DELETE lt destination netmask gateway interface gt will delete the unwanted routing table e route CHANGE modifies an existing route Ethernet IP 192 168 2 50 Wireless IP 192 168 2 50 Gateway IP 192 168 2 51 Ethernet IP 192 168 0 191 Wireless IP 192 168 2 51 Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Access Point Router NETWORK A NETWORK B 192 168 0 17 192 168 2 201 Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Gateway IP 192 168 2 51 Figure 99 Route An example of a routing table is shown for the configuration below Access Point Router Settings Client Bridge Settings Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Gateway IP 192 168 2 51 Ethernet IP 192 168 0 191 Ethernet IP 192 168 2 50 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Wireless IP 192 168 2 051 Wireless IP 192 168 2 50 Subnet Ma
128. l Antennas e0cee eee 15 3 12 Serial Menu 6 eee 44 2 2 Power Supply 0 00 00 cece eee eee ee 15 RS 232 RS485 Serial Port Configuration 44 2 3 Serial Connections 0000 eee 16 RS232 PPP Server Only RS232 44 RS232 Serial Port 0 0 cece eee 16 RS 232 RS485 Serial Gateway Mode 45 DB9 Connector PinoutS 0 000s 17 RS 232 RS485 Modbus TCP RTU Converter 46 RS485 Serial Port 00 ccc eee e eae 17 3 13 Multicast Pipe Manager 46 2 4 Discrete Digital Input Output 18 3 15 Modbus I O Transfer 2 00005 47 3 16 Roaming 0 00 c eee ee 51 Chapter 3 OPERATION 2 05 19 3 17 Repeaters WDS 000 eee ee 53 SiO SLAMUP a ects se eE a a a ath aa A O AR 19 3 18 ROUTING S praa aaka aie aaaea Ea ogee eke 60 Access Point Startup 245U E G 19 SAG Filtering saves eek aed ee ee ee 61 Access Point Startup 245U E A 19 MAC Address Filter Configuration 63 Client Startup 6 eee eee eee 19 IP Address Filter Configuration 63 Link Establishment 00 0000 19 ARP Filter Configuration 2 64 How a Link Connection is Lost 19 3 20 DHCP Client Configuration 64 Roaming Clients 0c eee eee 20 3 21 DHCP Server Configuration 65 LED Indication 0 c eee eee eee 20 3 22 DNS Ser
129. le for DIN rail mounting Terminals will accept wires up to 2 5 mm 12 gauge in size All connections to the module must be SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage Normal 110 250 V mains supply must not be connected to any terminal of the 245U E module See 2 2 Power Supply Before installing a new system it is preferable to bench test the complete system Configuration problems are easier to recognize when the system units are adjacent Following installation the most common problem is poor communications caused by incorrectly installed antennas radio interference on the same channel or the radio path being inadequate If the radio path is a problem for example the path is too long or obstructed a higher performance antenna or a higher mounting point for the antenna may rectify the problem Alternatively use an intermediate 245U E module as a repeater The 245U E Installation Guide provides an installation drawing appropriate to most applications Further information is provided below Each 245U E module should be effectively earthed via the GND terminal on the back of the module This is to ensure that the surge protection circuits inside are effective 2 1 Antenna Installation The 245U E module will operate reliably over large distances However the achievable distances will vary with the application radio model type and location of antennas the degree of radio interference and obstructions Such as buildings or trees to the
130. lso increase as the length of the coaxial cable increases The net gain of an antenna cable configuration is the gain of the antenna in dBi less the loss in the coaxial cable in dB The maximum net gain of the antenna cable configuration connected to the TX RX connector is 0 dB in Europe 100 mW ERP In USA Canada and Australia 4 W ERP the maximum gain is 10 dB for the 245U E 400 and 16 dB for the 245U E 100 There is no gain restriction for antennas connected to the RX connector Antenna 245U E G Gain dBi 245U E A Gain dBi Dipole 2 dBi 6 dBi Collinear 5 or 10 dBi 10 dBi Directional 18 dBi 10 20 dBi Cable Loss dB per 30 m 100 ft dB per 30 m 100 ft RG58 Cellfoil 17 dB 24 5 dB RG213 16 2 dB 28 6 dB LDF4 50 3 6 dB 5 5 dB NOTE 20 dB attenuator must be fitted if radio distance is less than 33 ft 10 m The net gain of the antenna cable configuration is determined by adding the antenna gain and the cable loss For example using the 245U E G a 10 dBi antenna 7 8 dBd with 10 meters of Cellfoil 5 6 dB has a net gain of 2 2 dB 7 8 dB 5 6 dB Installation Tips Connections between the antenna and coaxial cable should be carefully taped to prevent ingress of moisture Moisture ingress in the coaxial cable is a common cause for problems with radio systems as it greatly increases the radio losses We recommend that the connection be taped first with a layer of PVC tape then w
131. m can be setup in various ways such as a bridge or router this setup will allow the modem to appear on the 10 10 0 X network Any other configuration changes can be made after this initial connection see the following sections on configuration Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 27 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 3 3 Quick Start Configuration The 245U E has a Quick Start Configuration option that covers most important parameters that are needed to get an initial connection This is the first stage of the module configuration For most applications no further configuration is required For more advanced applications additional parameters can be changed via the normal Configuration pages after the Quick Start configuration has been saved Device Mode Operating Mode Access Point v Default Gateway 192 168 0 1 IP Address 192 168 0 100 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 System Address ESSID VLANTest Radio Encryption None v WPA Passphrase WiReLeSs TeChNoLoGy 2010 Figure 27 Quick Start Quick Start Configuration 1 Select Quick Start from the Main Menu and select the following parameters e Operating Mode Access Point or Client Bridge operation is assumed For router selection go to the Network page after Quick Start Default Gateway This is the address that the device will use to forward messages to remote hosts that are not connected to any of the local bridged networks Ethernet or Wireless IP Address S
132. mal digits and 128 bit WEP requires 26 hexadecimal digits For example 12 AB EF 00 56 for 64 bit encryption and 12 AB EF 00 56 15 6B E4 30 C8 05 F0 8D for 128 bit encryption Encryption keys must not be all zeros 00 00 00 00 00 Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 33 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual WEP Configuration Authentication Mode Open Default WEP Key 2 WEP Key 1 01 0D 12 1E 23 01 0D 12 1E 23 01 02 03 WEP Key 2 02 0E 13 1F 24 02 0E 13 1F 24 01 02 03 WEP Key 3 03 0F 14 19 25 03 0F 14 19 25 01 02 03 WEP Key 4 04 09 15 1A 26 04 09 15 1A 26 01 02 03 Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 32 WEP Default WEP Key One of the four keys may be selected as the default key and is used to encrypt transmitted messages from the configured unit A 245U E can receive and decrypt a message from a module that has a different default key index as long as each module has the same key configured at the same index Open or Shared Authentication Mode WEP keys must be entered as pairs of hexadecimal digits separated by colons Hexadecimal digits are in the range 0 9 and A F WEP Open Authentication Mode e Station sends an authentication request to the access point e Access point then authenticates the station e Station then associates with the access point and joins the network WEP Shares Authentication Mode e Station sends an authentication request to the access point e Access point then se
133. milar settings 5 Open Properties of Local Area Connection 6 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP and click Properties Test Network Properties Networking Sharing Connect using a ADMtek AN983 10 100Mbps Fast Ethemet Adapter This connection uses the following items 8 Deterministic Network Enhancer a Z QoS Packet Scheduler 2 File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Intemet Protocol Version 6 TCP IPv6 Intemet Protocol Version 4 TCP IPv4 Link Layer Topology Discovery Mapper 1 0 Driver Link Layer Topology Discovery Responder s m PEC Install Uninstall Properties Descripti Transmission Control Protocol Intemet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks 4 m S S S S S K Figure 23 Local Area Connection 7 On the General tab enter the IP address 192 168 0 1 and subnet mask 255 255 255 0 and then click OK 24 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual E Internet Protocol Version 4 TCP IPv4 Properties General You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address autom
134. n is using the same encryption method WPA PSK AES with a key of Pass Phrase However as in example 1 the encryption method and key can be different for each virtual link or even disabled no encryption Also the Spanning Tree Protocol is disabled because there is no possibility of network loops Example 2 Roaming with WDS Access Points Access Point Roaming with WDS SX Roaming Client SSID System_SSID Access Points e L Virtual AP STP J Enabled L Virtual Station Virtual Client dge i i J wos B Virtual Client SSD SEMBINE SSID SSID_AB Site A Site B Site C Figure 54 WDS Roaming Another common use for WDS is extending the range across a large wireless network but allowing roaming connections between access points or being able to switch to the next access point when out of range of the previous access point Figure 54 shows a bridging network with a number of access points all with the same SSID and network structure so the Stations can freely roam between access points Each access point then needs a separate connection to the next access point which is provided using the WDS virtual access points or stations Site B is acting as a virtual access point for Site A and C which in turn are acting as virtual Stations This setup can be replicated to extend the range and will allow any roaming stations full connectivity across a network 56 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wirel
135. n page For example consider the network below Figure 29 with a redundant wireless link If the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol is enabled one of the two wireless links will be disabled and all wireless data will be transferred by one link only If the active link fails the other link will automatically start transferring the wireless data The Spanning Tree Protocol implemented is IEEE 802 1d compatible The algorithm forms a loop free network by blocking traffic between redundant links in the network These blocked links are placed in a standby condition and may be automatically enabled to repair the network if another link is lost Client Bridge Access Point Bridge Figure 29 Spanning Tree Protocol The Spanning Tree Algorithm maintains a single path between all nodes in a network by forming a tree like structure The bridge priority determines where the node sits in the tree A bridge configured with the lowest priority 0 will become the root node in the network and will direct traffic between each of its branches The root node is typically the unit that handles the majority of traffic in the network By default the 245U E is configured with Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 31 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual a bridge priority of 32768 The intention is to reduce traffic that the 245U E must handle by placing it at the branch level in the network tree As a branch the 245U E need only pass traffic to d
136. nagement VLAN Addn Interface Type 1 Ethemetinteface Untagged VLAN Group 2 Name VLAN ID VLAN Management IP Management Bridge Bridge Priority Netmask STP Priority 1 Operations 10 0 192 168 2100 255 255 255 0 oH 32768 Interface Membership for VLAN Group 2 Interface Type 1 Ethemetinterface Tagged 2 Wireless Interface v Untagged v Figure 70 Example 1 Configuration Example 2 Multiple Wireless Interfaces Another very desirable VLAN configuration for a wireless device is to support multiple virtual wireless networks For example consider a corporate facility where separate networks may be provided for a permanent staff b guests and c production network Each of the three different virtual networks can be set up using different encryption keys to enhance security The setup is illustrated in Figure 71 Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 69 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Example 2 Untagged Ethernet Management Management VLAN 192 168 0 100 VLAN ID 10 Wireless Interface A Virtual Interface Wi0 Staff Untagged fo Ethernet VLAN Trunk Ethernet Interface VLAN ID 30 ew WDS Repeater 2 Production Virtual Interface Wi2 Untagged Figure 71 VLAN Example 2 The module is configured with three wireless interfaces The first one is the normal wireless interface found on the Network page
137. ncluding TKIP AES and WPA2 AES Generally only used if the network has older devices that does not support the higher level encryption methods Enabling this option will lower the security level of the network down to the weakest configured encryption level WPA TKIP e WPA Enterprise 802 1x removes the need to manage the pre shared key PSK by using an external server to provide client authentication Clients that are not authorized will be prevented from accessing the network Once a client has provided the correct authentication credentials access is permitted and data encryption keys are established similar to WPA PSK Fine grain user level access control can be achieved using this method Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 29 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual An 802 1x capable RADIUS server may already be deployed in a large scale network environment The 245U E can make use of this server reducing replication of user authentication information In a typical WPA enterprise setup the 245U E access point acts as Authenticator controlling access to the network Wireless clients 245U Es laptops or other devices act as Supplicants requesting access to the network The Authenticator communicates with an authentication RADIUS server on the Ethernet network to verify Supplicant identity When a Supplicant requests access it sends an access request to the Authenticator which passes an authentication request to the extern
138. ncryption required 16 Set DIP switch to RUN 17 Save the changes and unit will restart with new settings Client 1 Configuration Perform the same configuration steps as the access point configuration with the following differences 1 Set the Ethernet and Wireless IP addresses of 245U E to 192 168 0 201 2 Set the Operating Mode to Client 3 Ensure that the ESSID and radio encryption method match the access point 4 If encryption is used ensure the encryption keys or passphrase match the access point Client 2 Configuration Perform the same configuration steps as for client 1 above except set the Ethernet and Wireless IP addresses as 192 168 0 202 Connecting Separate Networks Wireless 169 254 102 54 Wireless 169 254 102 53 Access Point Client Router Bridge Eth 169 254 102 53 Sub 255 255 255 0 Eth 192 168 0 200 Sub 255 255 255 0 Figure 76 Routing LAN A Configuration In this example LAN A is connected to the Internet via a router at IP address 192 168 0 1 Devices on LAN A that only require access to devices on LAN A and B should have their gateway IP address set to the 245U E access point as 192 168 0 200 Devices on LAN A that must interact with devices on LAN A and B and the Internet should set the Internet router 192 168 0 1 as their gateway and must have a routing rule established for devices on LAN B On PCs this may be achieved with the MS DOS command ROUTE For this example u
139. nds a text based message to the station e Station uses its own WEP key to encrypt the text based message and sends it back to the access point e Access point then decrypts the message using its on WEP key and if the key matches it authenticates the station e Station then associates with the access point and joins the network WPA WPA2 When WPA encryption is selected 128 bit encryption keys are internally generated based on the passphrase and system address ESSID The passphrase must be between 8 and 63 characters long and the passphrase must be the same for all 245U E units in the same system For optimal security consider using a passphrase consisting of a combination of letters and numbers not a simple word or phrase as well as upper and lowercase For example WiReLeSs TeChNoLoGy 2010 34 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual WPA Preshared Key Configuration WPA Passphrase WiReLeSs TeChNoLoGy 2010 Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 33 WPA WPA Enterprise Authenticator AP Configuration WPA Enterprise Authenticator Configuration RADIUS Server IP Address 192 168 0 75 RADIUS Server Port 1812 RADIUS Server Shared Secret secret Supplicant Reauthenticate Period 3600 seconds Enable Debug E Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 34 WPA Enterprise Authenticator RADIUS Server IP Connection information for the RADIUS authentication server
140. net Protocol A set of rules used to send and receive messages across local networks and the Internet IP Telephony Technology that supports voice data and video transmission via IP based LANs WANs and the Internet This includes VolP Voice over IP IP Address A 32 bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent across the Internet An IP address has two parts an identifier of a particular network on the Internet and an identifier of the particular device a server or a workstation within that network IPX SPX Internetwork Packet Exchange IPX is a networking protocol used by the Novell NetWare operating systems Like UDP IP IPX is a datagram protocol used for connectionless communications Higher level protocols such as Sequenced Packet Exchange SPX and NCP are used for additional error recovery services SPX is a transport layer protocol layer 4 of the OSI Model used in Novell Netware networks The SPX layer sits on top of the IPX layer layer 3 and provides connection oriented services between two nodes on the network SPX is used primarily by client server applications ISDN A type of broadband Internet connection that provides digital service from the customer s premises to the dial up telephone network ISDN uses standard POTS copper wiring to deliver voice data or video Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 101 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem U
141. nge it is important that the access points are on channels that are as far apart as possible If there are two 20 MHz channel access points set them to channel 1 and 11 If there are three set them to 1 6 and 11 802 11a 5 GHz The 245U E A utilizes frequency bands within the range of 5 15 GHz and 5 825 GHz This is broken into 4 distinct U NII bands and each region for example EU US AUS NZ has their own power and operational constraints See Appendix C CHANNELS for details Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 21 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Channels 2412 2417 2422 2427 2432 2437 2442 2447 2452 2457 2462 2467 2472 MHz Note Channels not gt available in the USA L l 40 MHz Turbo Channel iE gt l 20 MHz Channel 10 MHz Channel 5 MHz Channel Figure 21 2 4 GHz Channels The following table shows the US power and operational constraints Group 1 5 15 5 25 GHz 50 mW Group 2 5 25 5 35 GHz 250 mW to 1 Watt Group 3 5 47 5 725 GHz 250 mW to 1 Watt Group 4 5 725 5 825 GHz 1 Watt Each frequency band has certain limitations on the amount of radiated power that it can output as well as whether the band uses Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS which is explained in the next section Channels Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 5 15 5 25 GHz L 5 25 5 35 GHz y 5 47 5 725 GHz L 5 725 5 825 GHz l ES gt an E o glg e 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64
142. not the poor results were due to interference If the channel utilization excluding the time period while Iperf was running is seen to be high then this will confirm that the poor throughput was due to other RF interference Alternatively if the channel utilization is seen to be low indicating little interference the poor throughput is more likely to be attributed to poor RSSI which could be confirmed on the Connectivity page Solutions for High Channel Utilization When substantial interference has been identified using Channel Survey or Custom Survey the simplest solution is to change to another channel that appears to have lower channel utilization If a better channel is not available configuring a fixed noise floor can often greatly improve performance Configuring a fixed noise floor can be performed on the Advanced Radio Configuration page The fixed noise floor should be at least 8 dB greater than the weakest RSSI of any connected modem otherwise communications could be lost After configuring the fixed noise floor confirm that the channel utilization has dropped to a desirable level and where possible perform a throughput test to confirm acceptable performance Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 79 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual The Channel Survey screen displays a graph showing the percentage of time that a channel is being utilized by any of the following causes e The connected modem is transmitting e T
143. nted www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Interference Access point only Interference Mitigation should only be turn on default is off if Mitigation using demo whip antennas or if there is a high level of background interference By enabling this option the radio will dynamically adjust the radio parameters to help mitigate interference based on any background interference It will reduce the receiver sensitivity and therefore should only be enabled on paths with a high fade margin and good signal quality Bursting Selecting this option can increase the data throughput by reducing the overheads associated with wireless transmissions If communicating with a device that does not support bursting the modem will drop back to non bursting mode Enable Iperf Server Enable Iperf server function in the modem Iperf is used for performing radio surveys or radio path testing See 4 4 Throughput Test Fixed Noise Floor Allows the radio receiver noise floor and therefore sensitivity to be moved above any interference This essentially stops the radio from communicating with devices that have lower signal strength For use in areas where there is a greater amount of interference Fixed Noise Floor Due to the popularity of the 2 4 GHz band there are many sources of interference This interference can sometimes be a problem due to the way 802 11 devices communicate Standard 802 11 communi
144. ntrolled and may start without warning Isolate at the switchboard before attempting adjustments 5 The 245U E module is not suitable for use in explosive environments without additional protection 6 The 245U E operates using the same radio frequencies and communication protocols as commercially available off the shelf equipment If your system is not adequately secured third parties may be able to gain access to your data or gain control of your equipment via the radio link Before deploying a system make sure you have considered the security aspects of your installation carefully Release Notice This is the November 2014 release of the 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual version 2 22 which applies to version 2 23 modem firmware Follow Instructions Read this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to be performed before installing operating or servicing this equipment Practice all plant and safety instructions and precautions Failure to follow the instructions can cause personal injury and or property damage Proper Use Any unauthorized modifications to or use of this equipment outside its specified mechanical electrical or other operating limits may cause personal injury and or property damage including damage to the equipment Any such unauthorized modifications 1 constitute misuse and or negligence within the meaning of the product warranty thereby excluding warranty coverage fo
145. number of associated stations for this interface 5013 AP Only Wireless adapter wi0 points to the starting register of the access point s station list First interface wi0 will always start at 5200 and dynamically enter data depending on the number of STAs The remaining interfaces wi1 wi10 will be entered after wi0 data Register 5023 5033 and so on will indicate the starting location for each interface 5014 STA Only Wireless adapter wi0 RSSI and BGND of RX message from the access point for example hexadecimal 5F5D 5D for RSSI and 5F for BGND Convert the value from hexadecimal to decimal and add a For example 5F 95dB 5015 STA Only Wireless adapter wi0 Transmit data rate from the access point 5016 STA Only Wireless adapter wi0 MAC address of the access point 5020 5026 As per 5010 5016 As per registers 5010 5016 but for the next wireless adapter wit wit 5030 5036 As per 5010 5016 As per registers 5010 5016 but for the next wireless adapter wi2 5040 5046 As per 5010 5016 As per registers 5010 5016 but for the next wireless adapter wi3 etC As per 5010 5016 As per registers 5010 5016 but for the next wireless adapter wi10 5200 AP Only RSSI of the client STA 5201 AP Only Transmit data rate to client STA 5202 AP Only MAC address of client STA etC AP Only Dynamic list of STAs Refer to register 5023 5033 and so on
146. o that the configuring PC is on the same network as the 245U E with factory default settings This is the preferred method and is much simpler than the second method You will need a straight through Ethernet cable between the PC Ethernet port and the 245U E The factory default Ethernet address for the 245U E is 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number check the label on the back of the module Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 23 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual METHOD 2 Requires temporarily changing the IP address in the 245U E via an RS232 connection so that it is accessible on your network without having to change your PC network settings When connected you can change the modem network settings to match that of your network Method 1 Set PC to Same Network as 245U E 1 Connect the Ethernet cable between the module and the PC configuring the module 2 Set the factory default switch to the SETUP position This will always start the 245U E with Ethernet IP address 192 168 0 1XX subnet mask 255 255 255 0 gateway IP 192 168 0 1 and the radio disabled NOTE Remember to set the switch back to the RUN position and restart the module at the conclusion of configuration for resumption of normal operation Power up the 245U E module 4 On the PC open the Control Panel and then open Network Settings The following description is for Windows XP Earlier Windows operating systems have si
147. ode The IP address of the 245U E module Both wired Ethernet Interface port and wireless Wireless Interface ports will take on this address Router Mode Separate IP addresses are required for each interface IP addresses must be different IP Subnet Mask The IP network mask of the 245U E module This should be set to the appropriate subnet mask for your system typically 255 255 255 0 In Router mode each interface will have its own netmask Default Gateway This is the address that the device will use to forward messages to remote hosts that are not connected to any of the local bridged networks Ethernet or Wireless This is only required if the wired LAN has a gateway unit that connects to devices beyond the LAN for example Internet access If there is no gateway on the LAN set this to the same address as the access point the Ethernet IP address below Refer to 3 18 Routing for more information Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save Changes and Save settings to non volatile memory and reboot the 245U E Once the module has Reset completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect 3 5 Spanning Tree Algorithm The bridge Spanning Tree Protocol function was introduced to handle network loops and provide redundant paths in networks To enable the STP box on any WDS connections that you have configured on the Repeaters configuratio
148. oint A NOTE The presence of a link does not mean that the connected unit is authorized to communicate over radio If the encryption keys are incorrect between units in the same system or a dissimilar encryption scheme is configured the LINK LED will turn on but data cannot be passed over the wireless network How a Link Connection is Lost The access point refreshes the link status with a client every time a message is received from that client If nothing is received from a client for a period of 120 seconds the access point sends a link check message If there is no response to the link check a de authenticate message is sent and the link is dropped A client monitors beacon messages from an access point to determine whether the link is still present If the client can no longer receive beacons from the access point it assumes that the access point is out of range and the link Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 19 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual is dropped Whenever a client is not connected to an access point it will cyclically scan all available channels for a suitable access point Roaming Clients Clients can roam within a system but if the link to the access point fails or the radio signal level becomes too weak it will scan for beacons and connect to an access point provided the SSID and any encryption methods keys are compatible If there are multiple access points it will select the connection with th
149. on Keys 1 t0 4 33 Boot Status LED Indication During Startup 77 Default WEP Key aE ravens ahaha 34 AA ConnectiVii yos wits seu iota ewes aganedd eats 77 Openor Shared AuhienticatnonMode asss 34 Connected Devices 0 00005 78 WPA WPA E r ee N 34 Site SUIVEY essenin geua enia e E ee 78 WPA Enterprise Authenticator AP 4 2 Channel Survey Utilization 79 Configuration eee tae ea es 35 Channel Utilization on a Live System 79 WPA Enterprise Supplicant Client Configuration 0 eee eee ee 36 Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Channel Utilization for Channel Selection or RF Path Testing 0e ease 79 Diagnosing Low Throughput 79 Solutions for High Channel Utilization 79 4 3 Custom Survey 0 cee eee eee 81 4 4 Throughput Test 2 00a eee 84 Internal Throughput Test 84 Throughput and Repeaters 86 4 5 Statistics 2 06 etek ea ee ee ee 86 Wireless Statistics 0 002000 ee 87 CEN 256 once ad edad eek eae ne bee die ed 88 Network Traffic Analysis 88 4 6 System ToolS 0 2 eee eee 88 4 7 Testing Radio Paths 04 89 Connection and Signal Strength 89 Iperf Throughput Test 0 5 89 Internal Radio Test 0 e eee eee 89 ROSSI vai
150. onfiguration for details on configuring antenna diversity In North America the maximum allowable radiated power EIRP for a 245U E G is 4 W which is 10 dB higher that the modules transmit power of 400 mW Therefore you can increase the antenna gain as long as the overall system gain antenna gain coax loss does not rise above 10 dB Example e Using the 245U E with a 10 m 33 ft Cellfoil coax cable approximately 6 dB of loss and an 8 dBi gain antenna would equate to approximately 2 dB of gain which is well below the 10 dB limit e Using the 245U E with a 20 m 66 ft Cellfoil coax cable approximately 12 dB of loss and an 18 dBi antenna would equate to approximately 6 dB of gain which is also below the 10 dB limit Line of sight Installations In longer line of sight installations the range may be increased by using a high gain antenna on the TX RX connector However the gain should not cause the effective radiated power ERP to exceed the permitted value A second higher gain antenna can be connected to the RX connector without affecting ERP This will increase the operating range provided any interference in the direction of the link is low Antennas Antennas can be either connected directly to the module connectors or connected via 50 ohm coaxial cable such as RG58 Cellfoil or RG213 terminated with a male SMA coaxial connector The higher the antenna is mounted the greater the transmission range However cable losses a
151. orgotten the IP address or password the factory default switch may be used to access the existing configuration Refer to previous section for more information 28 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Wireless Interface Operating Mode Access Point v System Address ESSID Network1 Desired BSSID 00 00 00 00 00 00 Radio Encryption None Configure Encryption Settings on Security Page Device Mode Device Mode Bridge Bridge STP ia Obtain IP Address Automatically IP Address 192 168 0 100 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 0 1 Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 28 Network The Network Configuration page allows configuration of parameters related to the wired and wireless Ethernet interfaces In general IP address selection will be dependent upon the connected wired Ethernet device s Before connecting to an existing LAN consult the network administrator Default configuration of the module will be Client and Bridge When in Bridged mode the module s wired and wireless IP address will be the same meaning only one IP address is required If the device mode is changed to Router the page will display two IP addresses one for Ethernet and one for wireless For more information on bridging networks see 3 18 Routing If the module has been configured for VLAN the page will show the device mode as VLAN Bridge
152. ou wish to path test Address Throughput High High throughput indication value Generally configured with the desired throughput Threshold level Throughput Low Low throughput indication value Threshold RSSI The first test uses the RS232 LED to indicate the RSSI level from the access point The LED will be green when the RSSI to the access point is greater than the configured RSSI Strong Threshold or red when the RSSI to the access point is greater than the configured RSSI Weak Threshold If the RSSI to the AP is less than the RSSI Weak Threshold the RS232 LED will be off When the Radio Path Test is enabled the OK LED will flash alternately between green and red indicating that it is in a diagnostic mode Throughput The second test is the throughput test which when enabled performs a basic throughput test between the access point and the client The configurable remote device IP address should specify the IP address of the access point Ad NOTE The on board Iperf server must be enabled at the access point prior to running this test The throughput test will run through a continuous cycle where data is transferred for 10 seconds followed by 10 seconds of silence The RS485 LED and the DIO LED are used as indicators of the throughput test When data is being transferred the DIO LED is red and when no data is being transferred the DIO LED is off If the average throughput over the 10 second duration of the throughput test is greater than
153. outed C Virtual Station N etwo rk Site C Figure 59 WDS Routed www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Each modem has a different SSID This is done to limit broadcast traffic and to route data only were it needs to go Site B has two virtual client WDS links configured one to Site A s access point and one to Site C s access point Figure 60 shows the WDS connections at Site B WDS Connections Add Entry Delete Entry ConnectionMode SSID MAC Address Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 Client Station Uplink SSID_A WPA2 PSK AES v PassPhrase1 192 168 0 3 255 255 255 0 2 Client Station Uplink e SSID_C WPA2 PSK AES w PassPhrase2 192 168 6 3 255 255 255 0 Figure 60 Site B WDS Connections e The first entry configures a virtual WDS client connection from Site B to the access point at Site A The SSID is the same as Site A and the router IP address is 192 168 0 3 which is on the same subnet Encryption is not inherited from the main page Therefore if the encryption method and keys are left blank the WDS link will be open This example shows the encryption method and keys as being different but they can be the same or take on the same method and key as the main wireless interface e The second entry configures another virtual WDS client connection but this time to the access point of Site C Again the SSID is the same
154. p or permanently assigned All TCP IP messages contain the address of the destination network as well as the address of the destination station This enables TCP IP messages to be transmitted to multiple networks subnets within an organization or worldwide VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol VoIP Voice transmission using Internet Protocol to create digital packets distributed over the Internet VoIP can be less expensive than voice transmission using standard analog packets over POTS plain old telephone service VPN Virtual private network VPN is a type of technology designed to increase the security of information transferred over the Internet VPN can work with either wired or wireless networks as well as with dial up connections over POTS VPN creates a private encrypted tunnel from the end user s computer through the local wireless network through the Internet all the way to the corporate servers and database WAN Wide area network WAN is a communication system of connecting PCs and other computing devices across a large local regional national or international geographic area Also used to distinguish between phone based data networks and Wi Fi Phone networks are considered WANs and Wi Fi networks are considered wireless local area networks WLANs WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP is basic wireless security provided by Wi Fi In some instances WEP may be all a home or small business user needs to protect wireless da
155. panning tree to select first and lower priority values to interfaces that you want spanning tree to select last If all interfaces have the same priority value the MAC address is used to work out the priority To illustrate the redundancy consider that if Site A needs to send data to Site D it has redundant paths through both B and C However due to the spanning tree protocol only one of B or C will relay the data with the other taking over in the event of a failure In this example Site B uses its primary access point to act as an access point for virtual stations on Site A and D and uses a virtual station to act as a client to Site C Sites A and D use two virtual stations to act as clients to Site B and to Site C The configuration for Site B and A and D are shown below Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 57 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual WDS Connections Connection Mode SSID MAC Address _Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 Client Station Uplink SSID_C WPA2 PSK AES PassPhrase 7 Figure 57 Site B WDS Configuration WDS Connections Add Entry Delete Entry Connection Mode SSID MAC Address Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 Client Station Uplink SSID_B WEP 64 bit X 01 0D 12 1E 23 7 2 Client Station Uplink SSID_C WPA2 PSK AES v PassPhrase v
156. pick the quietest then begin transmitting periodic messages called beacons If the access point is configured with a fixed channel it will immediately begin sending beacons on the configured channel Beacons include information that a client may examine in order to identify if the access point is suitable for link establishment Clients will only attempt to establish a link with an access point whose beacon indicates a matching SSID Access points do not initiate link establishment Access Point Startup 245U E A If the modem is configured to use Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS it will behave slightly differently than the 245U E G because it needs to comply with DFS regulations When an access point starts up it will scan all available channels from the selected groups and then select the quietest similar to the 245U E G It will then go into a scan mode for 60 seconds where it listens for any radar signals If a radar signal is detected it will flag the channel as being unavailable the channel will stay unavailable for 30 minutes and then pick another random channel and repeat the same scanning process until a radar free channel becomes available Client Startup When a client powers up it scans for beacons from access points While a link is not established the client cyclically scans all available channels for a suitable access point The client will attempt to establish a link with an access point only if it has matching SSID and encr
157. plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable However as a special exception the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed in either source or binary form with the major components compiler kernel and www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual so on of the operating system on which the executable runs unless that component itself accompanies the executable If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code 4 You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License Any attempt otherwise to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance 5 You are not required to accept this License since you have not signed it However nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works These actions are prohibited by law if you do not acc
158. r This program is shipped with Microsoft Windows or may be obtained freely from the Microsoft website If using other browsers make sure that they are fully compliant with IE7 SSL security NOTE Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 6 will not load webpages due to a compatibility issue between IE6 and SSL security websites Default Configuration The default factory configuration of the 245U E is as follows e Client Bridge e IP address 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number the default IP address is shown on the printed label on the back of the module e Netmask 255 255 255 0 e Username is user and the default password is user The 245U E will temporarily load some factory default settings if powered up with the factory default switch on the end plate of the module in SETUP position The previous configuration remains stored in non volatile memory and will only change if a configuration parameter is modified and the change saved NOTE Wireless operation is disabled when in SETUP mode Remember set the switch back to the RUN position and cycle power at the conclusion of configuration for resumption of normal operation Accessing Configuration for the First Time Because the default IP address is in the range 192 168 0 XXX the unit may not connect to you network or PC There are two methods for accessing the configuration for the first time METHOD 1 Change your computer settings s
159. r any resulting damage and 2 invalidate product certifications or listings 4 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual CONTENTS Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 7 3 8 Normal Operation 0 00 00000 36 1 0 Network Topology 0 00ee eee 7 Bridge Operation Transparent Network 36 Access Point vs Client 0 5 8 Router Operation Routed Network 37 Bridge vs Router 0 rrene eae 9 3 9 Radio Configuration 0000 37 1 1 Getting Started Quickly 0 11 Channel Selection 0 0 00005 39 245U E G Modem 2 4 GHz 802 11b g 39 Chapter 2 INSTALLATION 5 12 245U E A Modem 5 GHz 802 11a 39 2 0 G n ral sorset 822435540 eas ome v ds nets 12 3 10 Advanced Radio Configuration 40 2 1 Antenna Installation 000 000 12 Fixed Noise FIOOM ii s08 2escews ee iewe diac 41 Antenna Diversity 0 cece eee 13 3 11 Serial Port Configuration 41 Line of sight Installations 13 RS 232 PPP Server 2 0 c eee eee 44 AntennaS 00cce cece cee eeeeueueas 13 Serial Gateway Server Client Multicast 42 Installation TipS 0 0 cece eee ee eee 13 Serial Gateway Modbus RTU to TCP 43 Dipole and Collinear Antennas 14 Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway 43 Directiona
160. radio path The maximum range achievable depends on the radio model the regulated RF power permitted in your country and whether you use separate transmit and receive antennas If using a 245U E G 2 4 GHz with a single antenna 10 km 6 miles can be achieved in USA Canada and Australia 4 W EIRP and 2 km in Europe 100 mW EIRP If using a 245U E A 5 GHz with a single antenna 5 km 3 miles can be achieved in USA Canada and Australia 1 W EIRP and 3 km in Europe 500 mW EIRP but more care is needed in selecting antennas and coax and radio paths need to be complete line of site no obstruction whatsoever To achieve the maximum transmission distance the antennas should be raised above intermediate obstructions so that the radio path is true line of sight The modules will operate reliably with some obstruction of the radio path although the reliable distance will be reduced Obstructions that are close to either antenna will have more of a blocking affect than obstructions in the middle of the radio path The 245U E modules provide a diagnostic feature that displays the radio signal strength of transmissions refer to Chapter 4 DIAGNOSTICS Line of sight paths are only necessary to obtain the maximum range Obstructions will reduce the range but may not prevent a reliable path A greater amount of obstruction can be tolerated for shorter distances For short distances it is possible to mount the antennas inside buildings An
161. rate on either the RS 232 or RS 485 port 3 12 Serial Menu RS 232 RS485 Serial Port Configuration RS232 Port Select the desired functionality Select either PPP Serial Gateway or Modbus TCP to RTU Data Rate The serial data rate desired Serial data rates available range from 110 bps to a maximum of 115 200 bps Data Format The data format desired All the standard data formats are supported Flow Control Selects CTS RTS or None RS232 PPP Server Only RS232 Username User name to enter to access RS 232 PPP server Password Password to access RS 232 PPP server Local IP Address Select the IP address of the PPP server The remote device may be made visible on the Ethernet or wireless networks by either utilizing proxy arp or routing The proxy arp feature may be enabled by setting the local IP address the same as the Ethernet IP address or the wireless IP Address The module will respond on behalf of the remote device making it seem like the device is present on the configured network Alternatively if the IP address selected is not the same as the Ethernet or wireless IP address routing is used to pass data to the Ethernet and wireless ports Remote Device IP Select the IP address of the remote device Ensure this address is not the same as Address any other device on the Ethernet or wireless networks 44 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual RS 232 RS485 Serial Gateway Mode S
162. re that indicate the percent channel utilization and noise floor in one hour intervals The screens will only show the last 24 hour period 4 3 Custom Survey Custom Survey is essentially the same as the Channel Survey see the previous section except that the three channel utilizations can be turned on or off to show the different amount of traffic related data Percent Radio TX Any transmitted messages from the radio to other devices Percent Radio RX Any DSSS or OFDM messages received by the radio basically any standard Wi Fi data packets from either ELPRO or competitor radios Percent Busy Clear Channel Assessment CCA is the detection of any ongoing transmissions CCA or Noise or noise for example from devices such as microwaves 2 4Ghz FHSS cordless phones or RC devices Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 81 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual By configuring the different chart options you can get a clear idea of the amount of data being transmitted received and the amount of other noise that can be heard at the radio Configure what is to be logged on each chart select a time interval and save changes and the charts will then be displayed below the settings Click the button again to manually redraw the graphs Each graph will display a percent channel utilization using the selected criteria and time interval seconds minutes or hours Example 1 Chart one shows the amount of data that is being transmitted
163. rf is used in conjunction with Iperf and displays the Iperf data results graphically The following instructions cover Iperf and Jperf but not the setup and configuration of the modems Modem setup instructions are provided in earlier sections of this manual Materials e 2 x Ethernet Modems configured as a bridge e 2 x PC computers with Ethernet ports e Suitable power supplies for the Ethernet modems e Straight through Ethernet cables e Iperf Jperf application Installation 1 Download the application from the link http sourceforge net projects iperf and save to a location on your PC 2 Extract the zip file to the ROOT directory C on your PC The extracted folder contains the main Iperf application as well as the Jperf graphical interface 3 Copy the extracted folder to the second PC or download to the second PC and extract as described in steps 1 and 2 Iperf Applications The Iperf Jperf application needs to be run on the PC or laptop at each end of the wireless link that is to be tested 1 At the server PC open a command prompt by opening the Windows Start menu choosing Run and entering CMD 2 When command prompt appears set the directory to where the Iperf application resides the location where it was saved in the previous procedure From here run the Iperf server command iperf s see Figure 101 lperf server application is now running and waiting for a client connection A NOTE If you
164. rk that gains access to data information and other devices through a server access point Crossover Cable A cable used for networking two computers without the use of a hub Crossover cables may also be required for connecting a cable or DSL modem to a wireless gateway or access point The cable is wired so that the signals crossover connecting transmit signal on one side to receiver signals on the other CSMA CA Carrier sense multiple access collision avoidance CSMA CA is a listen before talk method of minimizing but not eliminating collisions caused by simultaneous transmission by multiple radios IEEE 802 11 states that a collision avoidance method rather than collision detection must be used because the standard employs half duplex radios which are capable of transmission or reception but not both simultaneously Unlike conventional wired Ethernet nodes a WLAN station cannot detect a collision while transmitting If a collision occurs the transmitting station will not receive an ACKnowledge packet from the intended receive station For this reason ACK packets have a higher priority than all other network traffic After completion of a data transmission the receive station will begin transmission of the ACK packet before any other node can begin transmitting a new data packet All other stations must wait a longer pseudo randomized period of time before transmitting If an ACK packet is not received the transmit
165. rmity with the essential requirements and other relevant requirements of the R amp TTE Directive 1999 5 EC and are CE marked accordingly Product Mode s 245U E C Industrial Wireless Ethernet Modem 315WH DC G Industrial Wireless Ethernet Modem R amp TTE ARTICLES 3 la Safety EN 60950 1 2006 A1 2010 3 1b EMC EN 301 489 17 V2 1 1 2009 05 3 2 Radio EN 300 328 V1 7 1 2006 10 Date 24th May 2012 Johf White Enginesring Director Documentation haid in Europe by Cooper Sussmann UK Lid Melton Roed Gurton on the Wolds Leicestershire L123 STH Tet 44 01509 682737 110 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual APPENDIX F GNU FREE DOCUMENT LICENSE Version 2 June 1991 Copyright C 1989 1991 Free Software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software to make sure the software is free for all its users This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the
166. rver All Modbus TCP connections to the module IP address and specified Modbus server device ID will be routed to the onboard I O registers Specify the Modbus device ID for the onboard Modbus TCP server Allowed values are 0 to 255 Select this checkbox to enable the onboard Modbus TCP client I O to be transferred via the Modbus TCP client is specified with Modbus TCP client mappings Enter the delay in milliseconds between execution of consecutive Modbus TCP client mappings to the same server When enabled the value in any onboard I O register will be reset to zero if a valid Modbus transaction directed to or from the given register has not been completed for longer than the Comms Fail Timeout The period of time after which onboard I O registers will be reset if a valid Modbus transaction directed at that register has not completed Enables the Modbus diagnostic registers as shown in 4 9 Internal Diagnostics Modbus Registers Disabling this option will free up the registers and also slightly increase processing resources RSSI and BGND on RX messages are made available in the diagnostic registers See 4 9 Internal Diagnostics Modbus Registers for details For a hexadecimal value of 5F5D the 5D byte RSSI and the 5F byte BGND Convert the value from hexadecimal to decimal and add a for example 5F 95dB Disabling this option removes the background noise byte from these registers so that only the RSSI val
167. s per second One megahertz MHz is one million hertz One gigahertz GHz is one billion hertz The standard US electrical power frequency is 60 Hz the AM broadcast radio frequency band is 535 605 kHz the FM broadcast radio frequency band is 88 108 MHz and wireless 802 11b g LANs operate at 2 4 GHz IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers New York www ieee org A membership organization that includes engineers scientists and students in electronics and allied fields IEEE has more than 300 000 members and is involved with setting standards for computers and communications Infrastructure Mode An 802 11 setting providing connectivity to an access point As compared to ad hoc mode whereby 802 11 devices communicate directly with each other clients set in Infrastructure mode all pass data through a central AP The AP not only mediates wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood but also provides communication with the wired network 1 0 Input Output The term used to describe any operation program or device that transfers data to or from a computer Internet Appliance A computer that is intended primarily for Internet access is simple to set up and usually does not support installation of third party software These computers generally offer customized Web browsing touch screen navigation e mail services entertainment and personal information management applications IP Inter
168. s are also not as difficult to configure as routed networks because WDS bridge interfaces generally do not require Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 53 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual IP address configuration they inherit the IP address of the standard wireless interface A WDS router interface allows traffic to be routed to an access point on a different network and therefore requires configuration of an IP address to reflect the network address of the destination network WDS router interfaces cannot provide the redundancy of bridge interfaces but can be used to reduce radio bandwidth requirements because the router can determine the destination based on the IP address whereas the bridge must go through a learning phase where all broadcast traffic must be retransmitted on each interface Routed networks may also be used in some cases to avoid the overhead introduced by the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol when network loops exist Important Notes e All access points must be configured on the same fixed radio channel Auto Channel Selection must not be selected see the Radio Configuration page for details on configuring the channel e Specify SSID for AP STA modes or MAC Address for point to point mode e Router IP and Subnet should be left blank unless that WDS interface is to be on a different subnet Leaving these fields blank will mean that the WDS interface will be bridged with the default wireless interface e En
169. s aeii paige ok wear toads 90 TMKOUGHPUE sits Sohek ie dasta ee aed ae wetland 90 4 8 Remote Configuration 08 91 4 9 Internal Diagnostics Modbus Registers 92 Connection Information 05 92 Statistic Registers aana uaua 92 4 10 Utilities 0 2 ee eee eee eee 93 Peer trate ie E eg eee ie cede teat ean ease ac 93 OIDs es ete Peed eni Gade aoe ede i 95 OLS scree cents ante E a aiana a i alas AENT 96 Chapter 5 SPECIFICATIONS 055 97 Appendix A FIRMWARE UPGRADE 99 Web based Upgrade 200 000 99 Appendix B GLOSSARY 0200 eee eee 100 Appendix C CHANNELS 0000005 104 Appendix D EXTERNAL IPERF TEST 106 Materials sciri fad ayaa ace pateg en adidas heats 106 Installations ni 200 506 eanan dee pean ned eens 106 Iperf Applications 02002 eee eee 106 JPerf Application 0002 cee eee 108 Appendix E DECLARATION of CONFORMITY 109 245U E A Declaration of Conformity 109 245U E G Declaration of Conformity 110 Appendix F GNU FREE DOCUMENT LICENSE 111 6 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server is an industrial 802 11 compliant module that provides wireless connections between Ethernet devices and or Ethernet wired networks LANs The 245U E is avail
170. s configured in 245U E When booted in SETUP mode the PPP server has username user and the password user Serial Gateway Server Client Multicast Serial gateway functionality is available for both RS 232 and RS 485 ports independently and enables serial data to be routed via the wired or wireless network connection Serial gateway functionality is similar to radio modem functionality allowing point to point and multipoint serial data transfer The serial gateway can be configured as either as server client multicast group or Modbus e Server When configured as server the module will wait for a TCP connection to be initiated by a remote client e Client When configured as client the module will automatically attempt to connect to a specified remote server using TCP e Multicast Group When configured as multicast group the module will broadcast data to all members of the same multicast group using UDP 42 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual With the serial gateway server client and multicast functions it is possible for serial data from a 245U E to be transferred to any other 245U E serial ports including the corresponding port on the same 245U E Serial Gateway Modbus RTU to TCP When configured as Modbus the module will allow a serial Modbus client master to connect with a single Ethernet Modbus TCP server slave With the Modbus function the serial da
171. s of the maximum throughput that can be achieved The recommended method of measuring throughput is with the iperf utility Iperf has a client and server functionality where the server waits for a client connection For wireless links it is recommended that iperf throughput testing is performed on point to point links while the remainder of the wireless network is inactive i e not sending any data Iperf is built into the modems for convenience and allows measurement of TCP throughput with default iperf parameters For access to all iperf features it is recommended to run iperf externally on a PC or laptop Iperf Client functionality is activated below The specified IP address must be a device running iperf in Server mode if a remote modem is to be the iperf server then ensure that it is enabled on the advanced radio configuration page Each run of the onboard iperf client will perform a TCP throughput test of 10 second duration Not sure what throughput to expect click here Remote Device IP Address 192 168 0 123 Measure Throughput Iperf throughput for 10 second interval Figure 88 Throughput Test 84 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 3 Enter the IP address of the remote device that you want to test and then click Measure Throughput Not sure what throughput to expect click here Remote Device IP Address 192 168 0 123 Measure Throughput Iperf throughput for 10 s
172. se ROUTE ADD 169 254 102 0 MASK 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 200 LAN B Configuration All devices on LAN B should be configured so that their gateway IP address is that of the 245U E access point as 169 254 102 54 74 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Access Point Configuration 1 oa fF oO N 10 Set the Gateway IP address to 192 168 0 1 12 13 14 15 16 17 Connect a straight through Ethernet cable between the PC and the 245U E Ensure that the configuration of the PC and 245U E are setup to communicate on the same network Set the DIP switch to SETUP Power up the unit and wait for the LINK LED to stop flashing Adjust the PC network settings Set the Configuration PC network card with the network setting of IP address 192 168 0 1 and netmask 255 255 255 0 Open the Configuration webpage within Internet Explorer at address https 192 168 0 1XX When prompted for your password enter default username user and password user Enter Network and set the Operating Mode to Access Point Set the Device Mode to Router Set the Ethernet IP address to 192 168 0 200 and the network mask to 255 255 255 0 Set the Wireless IP address to 169 254 102 54 and the network mask to 255 255 255 0 Select the radio encryption required and enter the encryption keys or passphrase if necessary Set the DIP switch to RUN Click Save to Flash and Re
173. ser Manual ISO Network Model A network model developed by the International Standards Organization ISO that consists of seven different levels or layers By standardizing these layers and the interfaces in between different portions of a given protocol can be modified or changed as technologies advance or systems requirements are altered The seven layers are Physical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application LAN Local Area Network A system of connecting PCs and other devices within the same physical proximity for sharing resources such as an Internet connections printers files and drives Receive Sensitivity The minimum signal strength required to pick up a signal Higher bandwidth connections usually have less receive sensitivity than lower bandwidth connections Router A device that forwards data from one WLAN or wired local area network to another SNR Signal to noise ratio SNR is the number of decibels difference between the signal strength and background noise Transmit Power The power at which the wireless devices transmits usually expressed in mW or dBm MAC Address Media Access Control MAC address is a unique code that is permanently assigned to most forms of networking hardware Limiting a wireless network s access to hardware such as wireless cards is a security feature employed by closed wireless networks But an experienced hacker armed with the
174. set The webpage displays a message indicating that details are being written to flash Wait for the 245U E to reboot before removing power Enter a System Generator String Client Configuration Perform the same configuration steps as the access point configuration with the following differences 1 D a F U N Enter Network and set the Operating Mode as Client Set the Device Mode to Bridge Set the Gateway IP address to 169 254 102 54 Set the Ethernet IP address to 169 254 102 53 and network mask to 255 255 255 0 Set the Wireless IP address to 169 254 102 53 and network mask to 255 255 255 0 Click Save to Flash and Reset The webpage displays a message indicating that details are being written to flash Wait for the 245U E to reboot before removing power Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 75 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Extending Range Using Repeaters Configure units as described in Extending a Wired Network Place the access point at the remote intermediate repeater location Additional repeaters can be added using Repeaters See 3 17 Repeaters WDS 192 168 0 0 255 255 255 0 Client 2 Client 1 Figure 77 Example Repeaters 76 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual CHAPTER 4 DIAGNOSTICS 4 0 Diagnostics Chart LED Indicator Condition Meaning
175. sk 255 255 255 0 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Network A Settings Network B Settings IP Address 192 168 0 17 IP Address 192 168 2 201 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Gateway IP 192 168 2 51 In the Network A PC a routing rule needs to be set This will allow Network A and B to have access to each other This is entered under the cmd prompt as follows Route ADD 192 168 2 0 MASK 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 191 This says access everything on network B 192 168 2 0 with the mask of 255 255 255 0 on Network A via the Ethernet IP interface 192 168 0 191 IP address 192 168 2 0 will allow everything on this network to be shared by the router When adding a routing table you will need to enter this address Once entered the router will determine whether to pass information over the router if it is addressed to do so or not For added security MAC address filtering could be added as discussed earlier in 3 19 Filtering 96 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual CHAPTER 5 SPECIFICATIONS Transmitter Receiver Frequency 2 412 2 472GHz 1 5 150 5 825GHz 2 Transmit Power 15 400 mW Data rate and country specific Transmission Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS 1 2 Modulation Orthogonal Frequency Data Modulation OFDM 1 2 Receiver Sensitivity 100 dBm 250 kbps 74 dBm 108 Mbps 8 FER 1 100 Bm
176. ssages when it is searching for an access point to connect to Instead the client waits for a beacon transmission from the access point Passive scanning should be disabled when fast roaming is enabled Background scan will be initiated when the RSSI to the currently connected access point drops below this threshold and fast roaming above is enabled Default is 90 dBm This is the RSSI value above the roam scan threshold that is required for the client to change to the new access point In the example shown above the access point RSSI would need to be above 84 dB before it would change over In general the roam changeover threshold should be at least 6 dB otherwise changeovers could occur too frequently If a better access point is not found the background scan is repeated every roam check interval while the signal strength to the currently connected access point is below the roam scan threshold Default is 30 seconds Selects channel width bands for background scan If 5 MHz is selected only 5 MHz channels will be scanned during the background scan Default is Auto which means all channels will be scanned Saves changes to non volatile memory Changes will not take effect until module is reset Saves changes to non volatile memory and reset module When fast roaming is enabled the client goes off channel and periodically performs a background scan to identify available access points When access points are identified the RSSI
177. ssible to use all three data connections concurrently allowing the 245U E to act as a device server Wireless connections can be made between serial devices and Ethernet devices The 245U E provides connection functionality between serial Modbus RTU devices and Ethernet Modbus TCP devices Appropriate driver applications will be required in the host devices to handle other protocols The modem is VLAN compliant and capable of passing VLAN tagged frames by default VLAN bridging and Routing Modes are also available which will facilitate a number of different VLAN topologies The 245U E has a standard RJ45 Ethernet connection that will operate at up to 100 Mbit sec The module will transmit the Ethernet messages on the wireless band at rates between 1 and 54 Mbit sec and 6 and 54 Mbit sec depending on model band encryption methods and radio paths 1 0 Network Topology The 245U E is an Ethernet device and must be configured as part of an Ethernet network Each 245U E must be configured as an e Access Point or Sta Station Client e Bridge or Router You can also connect to the 245U E via a RS232 or RS485 serial port using serial server or Point to Point PPP protocol PPP allows the 245U E to connect serial communications into the Ethernet network Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 7 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 192 168 0 34 192 168 0 72 Access Point Client Bridge Bridge 192 168 0 34 192 168 0 72
178. st cause it when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty or else saying that you provide a warranty and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions and telling the user how to view a copy of this License Exception if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves then this License and its terms do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you rather the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program In addition mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the
179. t been executed in the last 60 seconds Since the 245U E supports Modbus TCP client and server simultaneously the Modbus TCP server for unit B above could also be enabled This would allow one or more external Modbus TCP clients anywhere on the extended wired or wireless network to connect to unit B and monitor the status of the I O registers including the I O at units A C and D This is a very powerful and flexible feature that could for example be exploited by a central monitoring facility or SCADA Modbus TCP Configuration Enable Modbus TCP Server Slave M Modbus Server Device Id 1 Enable Modbus TCP Client Master Modbus Client Scan Rate msec 500 Reset Registers on Comms Fail v Comms Fail Timeout sec 60 Enable Modbus Statistics W Log Background Noise m Figure 48 TCP Client Configuration Modbus TCP Configuration on I O Transfer Menu The following table describes the settings shown in Figure 48 50 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 Enable Modbus TCP Server Slave Modbus Server Device ID Enable Modbus TCP Client Master Modbus Client Scan Rate Reset Registers on Comms Fail Comms Fail Timeout Enable Modbus Statistics Log background Noise Local Register 1 O Count Function Code Destination Register Device ID Server IP Address Response Timeout Comm Fail Register 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Select this checkbox to enable the onboard Modbus TCP se
180. ta WEP is available in 40 bit also called 64 bit or in 108 bit also called 128 bit encryption modes As 108 bit encryption provides a longer algorithm that takes longer to decode it can provide better security than basic 40 bit 64 bit encryption Wi Fi Wireless fidelity Wi Fi is an interoperability certification for wireless local area network LAN products based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11 standard Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 103 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual APPENDIX C CHANNELS 802 11b g Channel Frequency MHz North America Europe Australia Japan Most of world 1 2412 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 2417 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 2422 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 2427 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 5 2432 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 6 2437 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 7 2442 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 8 2447 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 9 2452 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 10 2457 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 11 2462 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 12 2467 No Yes Yes Yes Yes 13 2472 No Yes Yes Yes Yes 14 2484 No No No 11b only No 802 11b g Turbo Channel Frequency MHz North America Europe Australia Japan Most of world 6 2437 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 802 11a Maximum Radio Transmitter Power Channel Freq MHz Europe Max TX Europe Max TX Australia Max NZ Max TX
181. ta is encapsulated within a TCP IP data frame and made available on the Ethernet network Both 245U E serial ports and the hard wired Ethernet port can be configured to communicate completely separate data streams that can all be communicating at the same time Some of the possible serial gateway topologies are shown in Figure 40 Serial Gateway Client Access Client Point Access Point RS232 Device RS232 Device RS232 RS232 _ Server Client Server Client Server Client Client Client Access Point LAN oe Modbus Serial Modbus d Client Modbus TCP Server Slave Access Point _ RS485 Client Multicast Group Modbus RTU to TCP Serial Gateway RS485 7 Lill Multicast RS485 Group Device nee uU RS485 Device A RS232 Multicast Device Figure 40 Serial Gateway There are software packages available such as SeriallP Redirector by Tactical Software that can create a virtual serial port on a PC This virtual serial port can be configured to connect to a 245U E serial port Standard programs can then be used to access this serial port as if it were actually connected to the PC Alternatively HyperTerminal may be used to connect to a serial port on the 245U E When creating the HyperTerminal connection select Connect Using TCP IP Winsock enter the IP address of the 245U E and the port selected in the Network port f
182. tal input value read only 4301 Link status read only 4302 Serial gateway connection status RS232 4303 Serial gateway connection status RS485 4304 TCP RTU connection status RS232 4305 TCP RTU connection status RS485 4306 TCP RTU Modbus server connection status 4307 Multicast pipe connection status 4310 TCP RTU number of connections RS232 4311 TCP RTU number of connections RS485 4312 TCP RTU number of connections Modbus server 4320 On board digital output value read write 4370 On board digital input inverted value read only 4371 Link status read only inverted 4372 Serial gateway connection status RS232 inverted 4373 Serial gateway connection status RS485 inverted 4374 TCP RTU connection status RS232 inverted 4375 TCP RTU connection status RS485 inverted 4376 TCP RTU Modbus server connection status inverted 4377 Multicast pipe connection status inverted 4378 4999 Reserved for future use Modbus TCP client master enables the 245U E to connect to one or more Modbus TCP servers slaves All Modbus master messages are directed to from the onboard I O registers depending on configuration described below The Modbus TCP client may also poll Modbus RTU serial devices connected to either the local serial port or a remote 245U E serial port by enabling the Modbus TCP to RTU gateway at the corresponding serial port see 3 11 Serial Port Configuration Modbus TCP client functional
183. te number undelivered as a This can be from any access point not only your own If there are other Wi Fi networks in the area this number could be high due to other encryption keys and weak signals RX Failed RX Antenna Profile RX Frame Error Rate this can be high due to other wireless devices in the area When a broadcast message is sent from client to the access point the access point will always ACK the client When a broadcast message is sent from the access point to the client no ACK is returned Management frames can be probes authenticate associate messages RTS messages and beacons This option is used to save all the different configuration pages onto one page for easy viewing The page can also be saved using the File Save As function on the drop File Menu for future reference and for emailing module configuration details to ELPRO technical support in the event of a configuration problem Performs a throughput test For more information see 4 4 Throughput Test Performs a radio path test without the use of a laptop and provides a visual indication of RSSI and throughput on the front panel LEDs This option shows the module configuration in XML format This file can be saved for future reference Any configuration XML files saved using Read Configuration File above can be loaded back into the module using this option This option is used for firmware upgrades Load the file using the Browse button
184. ternal management functions is via untagged frames only using the IP Address and Subnet Mask configured on the Network page In VLAN Aware Mode only explicitly configured VLANs are allowed corresponding to the configured VLAN Groups below When one or more VLAN Groups have been configured VLAN passthrough is disabled and VLAN Aware Mode is enabled Modify the Management VLAN as required to provide access to the internal managament functions and online configuration interface The Management VLAN will override the Network page settings Management VLAN Delete Management VLAN Name VLAN VLAN ManagementIP Management Bridge Bridge ID Priority Netmask STP Priority 4 Management VLAN 1 0 192 168 0 100 255 255 255 0 a 32768 Interface Membership for Management VLAN _Add Entry Delete Entry Interface Type 1 EthernetInterface v Untagged 2 Wireless Interface v Untagged Figure 68 VLAN Aware NOTE Leaving the default Management VLAN is advised as it will ensure that the module is accessible through any interface VLAN Group Enabling VLAN Aware on the module will require one or more configurable VLAN groups A maximum of up to 10 VLAN groups can be supported Each VLAN group will contain the following configurable parameters and associated functionality Name A textual description of the VLAN group consisting of a maximum of 32 ASCII characters This parameter is descriptive only an
185. the configurable Throughput High Threshold the RS485 LED will be green Otherwise if the throughput is greater than the configurable Throughput Low Threshold the RS485 LED will be red If the measured throughput is less than the Throughput Low Threshold the RS485 LED will be off The radio path test can be accesses by selecting the link from the System Tools page and then selecting the Enable Radio Path Test option and entering the appropriate thresholds levels to indicate RSSI and throughput and the IP address of the Iperf server normally the access point Figure 93 shows the indications you will see using the configuration above e The OK LED will flash between red and green which indicates that the module is in a diagnostic Radio Test mode e RS 232 LED is green indicating the RSSI to the access point is greater than 40 dB If the RS232 LED were red it would indicate the RSSI level was greater than 60 dB 90 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual e RS 485 LED is green indicating the throughput to the access point is greater than 10 Mbps If the LED were red it would mean the throughput is between 10 Mbps and 4 Mbps A NOTE Advanced configuration settings such as Serial or I O Transfer should be disabled and if using the throughput test the Iperf server option on the Advanced Radio Settings page for the access point must be enabled Green Red Flashing Radio Path Test
186. therefore be valuable tools to use when performing site surveys in order to determine the best RF channel to use It is also a valuable diagnostics tool for identifying the spare capacity on a given channel as well as possible sources of interference Channel Utilization on a Live System Channel utilization can be used on a live system to get an indication of how much spare capacity the channel has for additional data transfer To identify possible interference on the current channel observe the Percent Busy and Percent Rx on the Custom Survey page If possible also temporarily disable all data transfer on the system If the channel utilization remains high it will confirm the presence of interference Channel Utilization for Channel Selection or RF Path Testing When used on an inactive system channel utilization will indicate how quiet the current channel is and therefore indicate how much interference is present To select the quietest channel configure the radio as an access point with no data transfer and on each channel of interest record the channel utilization over a period of time The channel with the lowest utilization will be the quietest channel and therefore is likely to provide the best performance This procedure in addition to a throughput test is recommended for complete radio path testing Diagnosing Low Throughput When Iperf throughput testing has given poor results channel utilization can be used to confirm whether or
187. ting station will wait for a subsequent opportunity to retry the transmission CSMA CD Carrier sense multiple access collision detection CSMA CD is the access method used on an Ethernet network A network device transmits data after detecting that a channel is available However if two devices transmit data simultaneously the sending devices detect a collision and retransmit after a random time delay DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP is a utility that enables a server to dynamically assign IP addresses from a predefined list and limit their time of use so that they can be reassigned Without DHCP an IT manager would need to manually enter all the IP addresses of all the computers on the network When DHCP is used whenever a computer logs onto the network an IP address is automatically assigned to it Dial up A communication connection via the standard telephone network or plain old telephone service POTS 100 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual DNS Domain name service DNS is a program that translates URLs to IP addresses by accessing a database maintained on a collection of Internet servers The program works behind the scenes to facilitate surfing the Web with alpha versus numeric addresses A DNS server converts a name like mywebsite com to a series of numbers like 107 22 55 26 Every website has its own specific IP address on the
188. tion PC is not on the whitelist it will be unable to communicate with the module for further configuration Select Blacklist or Blacklist will prevent all listed devices from accessing the module and using Whitelist the radio link Whitelist will allow devices with the MAC addresses listed to communicate with the module and utilize the radio link All other devices are blocked Add Entry Add a row to the table of Mac address filter rules Delete Entry Delete the currently selected MAC address filter rule Enable Select this checkbox to enable the rule Mac Address Enter the desired source MAC address Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate Save Changes and Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Reset IP Address Filter Configuration The IP filter can be used to permit or deny network access to specific devices through the use of blacklists blocking of traffic that matches a rule and whitelists allowing traffic that matches a rule The IP filter entry will match either source or destination address in the packet That is if either the source or destination IP address falls within the address range specified in the rule the packet is matched and will be discarded blacklist or allowed whitelist If the protocol is specified the protocol of the packet must also match If the protocol is TCP or UDP the source or destination TCP UDP can also be inspected If
189. to those networks The routing rules for the access point in the Figure 63 are shown in Figure 64 The first entry shows the route to LAN B The gateway for the route to LAN B is configured as the wireless IP address of the 245U E client connected to LAN B The destination for the route is configured as the network address of LAN B Because the host ID of the 60 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual destination IP address is 0 it specifies a network address Consequently any traffic received at the access point with destination IP address 169 254 109 x where x is any host ID will be forwarded to the 245U E at LAN B Devices on LAN B and LAN C that need to send messages back to LAN A will need to have their gateway addresses directed to the 245U E on their respected networks for example a LAN B device needs to send data back to LAN A The gateway address will need to be configured as 169 254 109 40 because this is the IP address of the wired side of the LAN B 245U E Any message coming in with a 192 168 0 X IP address will be directed across the wireless interface to LAN A The Routing Rules configuration page can be accessed by selecting the Routing link on any of the configuration webpages Up to 30 routing rules may be added to each 245U E Routing Rules _Add Entry Delete Entry Name Destination Netmask Gateway Enabled 1 Route to LAN B 169 254 109 0 255 255 255 0 1
190. try dependent and pick the quietest channel 245U E G stations only When configured as a station the module will periodically scan the channels looking for an access point This option is used to speed up the access point scanning process of the client radio by only scanning certain channel bands 5 MHz 10 MHz and 20 MHz or automatically scanning all channels Default is 20 MHz Only for fixed channels No Auto Selecting Turbo Mode doubles the transmit data rate offered on a single channel Maximum data rate up to 108 Mbps Only usable with other ELPRO 245U E A and G modules configured with the same turbo channel If using the Turbo mode feature all modems in the system will need to be configured with Turbo mode and the correct channel in order to communicate The radio baud rate in Mega million bits per second Mbps for point to point radio transmissions The default value is Auto Select a fixed rate to force the radio to use the selected rate Fixing the TX Rate is not recommended except for advanced users A NOTE Increasing the transmit data rate will decrease the transmit power level For example selecting a 54 Mbps fixed data rate will reduce the transmit power from 400 mW down to 125 mW This is to comply with 802 11 regulations This interval is the period between beacon transmissions sent by an access point The default value is 100 milliseconds and it may be adjusted from 50 to 4095 milliseconds Configure the ma
191. ubnet Mask IP address and subnet mask for your application System Address ESSID The system address is a text string 1 to 31 characters long used to identify your system Radio Encryption Radio encryption selection None WPA PSK TKIP WPA PSK AES or WPA2 Refer to 3 7 Security Menu if WEP or enterprise encryption is required e WPA Passphrase 128 bit encryption keys are internally generated based on the passphrase and system address ESSID The passphrase must be between 8 and 63 characters long and must be the same for all 245U E units in the same system The default settings will be shown If your system is connecting individual devices that are not connected to an existing Ethernet LAN you can use the factory default IP values If you are connecting to an existing LAN you need to change the IP addresses to match your LAN addresses 2 After configuring click Save to Flash and Reset Radio Data Rate and Channel will be set to Auto Radio Transmit Power will be set to maximum and any previous configuration of unrelated parameters will not be modified and will still apply 3 4 Network Configuration You can view or modify Ethernet network parameters by selecting the Network menu When prompted for the username and password enter user as the username and user as the password This is the factory default setting To change the default username and password see 3 24 Module Information If you have f
192. ue is made available Modbus TCP Client Mappings on I O Transfer Menu Enter the starting onboard I O register number that the specified Modbus master transaction will transfer I O to from Specify the number of consecutive I O register to be transferred for the specified transaction Specify the Modbus function code for the transaction Enter the starting I O register number in the destination device that the specified Modbus master transaction will transfer I O to from Enter the Modbus device ID of the destination Modbus device Specify the IP address of the destination Modbus TCP server for the specified transaction Enter the timeout in milliseconds to wait for a response to the specified transaction Enter the onboard I O register number to store the communication status of the specified transaction The specified register will be set to 0 if communications is successful OxFFFF if there is no connection to the specified server or OxFFxx where xx is the Modbus exception code 3 16 Roaming In certain cases a client may be in a mobile situation and require a method of roaming to another access point Normal network communications provide only basic roaming behavior which means as the client moves further from the access point it will go through a period of poor communication followed by a complete disconnection of the radio link It is at this point that the client will scan for access points and if one is in range it coul
193. used to output a communications alarm status If used as an input the I O channel is suitable for voltage free contacts such as mechanical switches or NPN transistor devices Such as electronic proximity switches PNP transistor devices are not suitable Contact wetting current of approximately 5 mA is provided to maintain reliable operation of driving relays The digital input is connected between the DIO terminal and common COM The I O circuit includes a LED indicator which is green when the digital input is active that is when the input circuit is closed Provided the resistance of the switching device is less than 200 ohms the device will be able to activate the digital input Voltage Free Figure 17 DIO Input The I O channel may also be used as a discrete output The digital outputs are transistor switched DC signals FET output to common rated at 30 Vdc 500 mA NOTE The output circuit is connected to the DIO terminal The digital output circuit includes a LED indicator which is red when the digital output is active DC Load eg Relay Max 30VDC 0 5A Figure 18 DIO Output 18 www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 0 Startup Access Point Startup 245U E G When an access point unit starts up it checks if the channel selection is set to Auto If it is the access point will scan all available channels
194. ver Configuration 65 3 1 Selecting a Channel 0008 20 323 VAN ote acre te saan eee aE A See ees 65 802 11 b G 2 4 GHZ ceva nedea eee pew ees 20 What is VLAN 00 00 cc eee e eee eee 65 802 11a 6 GHZ 2 eee 21 Operation 00 0 eee eee 66 Dynamic Frequency Selection 22 VLAN Group 0 eee ee 67 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time 23 Interface Membership 205 68 Default Configuration 05 23 Example 1 Basic VLAN 2 0 68 Accessing Configuration for the First Time 23 Example 2 Multiple Wireless Interfaces 69 3 3 Quick Start Configuration 28 3 24 Module Information 245 72 3 5 Spanning Tree Algorithm 31 3 25 Configuration Examples 73 3 6 Compatibility 2 eee eee eee 32 Setting a 245U E to Factory Default Settings 73 3 Address Mode and 4 Address Mode 32 Extending a Wired Network 73 Addresses in a Wireless Ethernet Data Frame 32 Connecting Separate Networks 74 Packets Between Access Point and Client 32 Extending Range Using Repeaters 76 240U E Compatibility 0 32 3 7 Security Menu 0 0022 33 Chapter 4 DIAGNOSTICS 00 0000 aes 77 WEP 64 bit and 128 bit 6 33 4 0 Diagnostics Chart 00 cece eens 77 Encrypti
195. vised and or new versions of the General Public License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns Each version is given a distinguishing version number If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and any later version you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation If the Program does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 113 10 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different write to the author to ask for permission For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation write to the Free Software Foundation we sometimes make exceptions for this Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally NO WARRANTY 11 12 114 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND OR OTHER
196. width channels 20 MHz 10 MHz and 5 MHz These estimates are not necessarily the maximum achievable for the modems but are used as a guideline to determine the performance of the radio link See Appendix D EXTERNAL IPERF TEST for details on using the external Iperf throughput test The Iperf throughput results provide an excellent measure of the performance of a radio link In general if the results you get are much worse than the best case values listed below it is a certain indication that the radio link has either poor RSSI high noise and interference or both Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 85 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual 245U E Radio Data Throughput Distance Iperf 20 MHz 10 MHz 5 MHz 1000 m Internal 10 5 Mbps 7 5 Mbps 5 Mbps 1000 m External 16 Mbps 10 5 Mbps 6 Mbps 3000 m Internal 10 Mbps 7 Mbps 4 7 Mbps 3000 m External 15 Mbps 9 Mbps 6 Mbps 5000 m Internal 9 Mbps 6 Mbps 4 5 Mbps 5000 m External 13 Mbps 8 Mbps 6 Mbps 10000 m Internal 7 Mbps 5 Mbps 4 Mbps 10000 m External 10 Mbps 7 Mbps 5 Mbps Throughput and Repeaters It should be noted that if you are using repeaters to extend the range there will be a reduction in throughput for each repeater hop The 40 MHz Turbo channels rarely provide better throughput than the 20 MHz in the real world because they occupy a larger portion of the 2 4 GHz band and are more prone to interference
197. ximum distance the radio signal is expected to travel This allows the modem to compensate for the flight time of messages as they pass from the transmitter to the receiver and as the acknowledgment messages are returned Setting this value larger will cause a small reduction in throughput Setting this value too small will cause communications problems over longer distances Default distance is 5 km www eaton com wireless Rev Version 2 22 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual Disable SSID This should be used to prevent unwanted eavesdroppers from detecting the radio broadcast network system address SSID by passively listening to beacon transmissions from AP only the access point When disabled access points will not transmit the system address openly in beacon messages This is particularly useful in unencrypted radio networks 3 Address Mode Allows compatibility with Layer 3 Bridge devices See 3 6 Compatibility Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory Changes will not take effect until module is reset Save Changes and Save changes to non volatile memory and reset module Reset Channel Selection 245U E G Modem 2 4 GHz 802 11b g Selection is made by picking one of the channels from the drop down channel list If Auto is selected the modem will select the best channel based on signal level and channel density Channel can also be manually selected by picking the channel number from the list Available chann
198. y be modified by experienced users NOTE This rate is for transmit messages only The radio can receive on all data rates The 245U E allows for a configurable fixed rate or an Auto radio transmission rate When a fixed rate is configured the radio transmission rate is never altered even under extremely poor conditions The Auto rate will automatically change the radio data rate to give the best throughput When a radio transmission is unsuccessful the 245U E will automatically drop to the next lowest data rate and if subsequent transmissions are successful at the lower rate the 245U E will attempt to increase to the next highest rate When a station connects to an access point the two devices negotiate a data rate based which is within the configured range of radio data rates for both devices Select the Radio menu to change the following configuration parameters If a change is made you need to click Save Changes to retain the changes Changes will not take effect until the unit is reset Radio Settings Radio Mode auto Transmit Power Level 26 dBm 398 mW Channel AP Only Auto X Channel Width STA and Auto Channel Only 20 MHz Only channels with this width are scanned Transmit Data Rate Auto maxis 54 Mbps Beacon Interval AP Only 100 msec Max Distance 5000 meters Disable SSID Broadcast AP Only E 3 Address Mode STA Only E Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Go to Advanced Radio Configuration
199. yption method and other compatible capabilities as indicated by the beacon If more than one suitable access point is discovered the client will attempt to establish a link with the access point that has the strongest radio signal Link Establishment Once a client identifies a suitable access point for link establishment it attempts to establish a link using a two step process authentication and association During authentication the client and access point check if their configurations permit them to establish a link Once the client has been authenticated it will then request an association to establish a link Status of the wireless link is indicated via the TX LINK LED For an access point the TX LINK LED will be off while no links have been established Once one or more links have been established the TX LINK LED is on green For a Client the Link LED will reflect the connection status to an access point Link status is also displayed on the Connectivity page of the Web interface After the link is established data may be transferred in both directions The access point will act as a master unit and will control the flow of data to the clients linked to it Clients can only transmit data to the access point to which they are connected When a client transfers data to another client it first transmits the data to the access point which then forwards the data to the destined client A maximum of 127 clients may be linked to an access p
200. ystem manuals These products should not be used in non industrial applications or life support systems without first consulting ELPRO 1 A radio license is not required in some countries provided the module is installed using the aerial and equipment configuration described in the 245U E Installation Guide Check with your local distributor for further information on regulations 2 Operation is authorized by the radio frequency regulatory authority in your country on a non protection basis Although all care is taken in the design of these units there is no responsibility taken for sources of external interference Systems should be designed to be tolerant of these operational delays 3 To avoid the risk of electrocution the aerial aerial cable serial cables and all terminals of the 245U E module should be electrically protected To provide maximum surge and lightning protection the module should be connected to a suitable earth and the aerial aerial cable serial cables and the module should be installed as Rev Version 2 22 www eaton com wireless 3 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem User Manual recommended in the Installation Guide 4 To avoid accidents during maintenance or adjustment of remotely controlled equipment all equipment should be first disconnected from the 245U E module during these adjustments Equipment should carry clear markings to indicate remote or automatic operation For example This equipment is remotely co

245U-E wireless Ethernet modem user manual

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