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Automatic Whiteboard Eraser Interfaced Using Assembly Language

1. 30 10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 Ambient Temp C Note Rise data is based on the max allowable temp for E type insulation coil 175 C Dimensions are shown for 142 reference purposes only Dimensions are in inches over millimeters unless otherwise specified 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 Coil Power W Specifications and availability subject to change www tycoelectronics oom Technical support Refer to inside back cover 71 tyco Catalog 1308242 Electronics Issued 3 03 PDF Rev 4 03 OEG Ordering Information Typical Part Number 1 Basic Series SRUDH Miniature Power PC board relay 2 Enclosure SS Vent Flux tight plastic cover SH Sealed plastic case 3 Termination 1 1 pole 4 Coil Voltage 06 6VDC 12 12VDC 48 48VDC 09 9VDC 24 24VDC 5 Coil Input D Standard 6 Contact Arrangement Blank 1 Form C SPDT M 1 Form A SPST NO 7 Contact Material 1 AgCdO 8 Suffix 000 Standard model Other Suffix Custom model SRUDH Not suitable for imrnersion cleaning processes Our authorized distributors are more likely to maintain the following items in stock for immediate delivery SRUDH SH 112DM1 000 SRUDH SH 124DM1 000 SRUDH SH 112D1 000 SRUDH SH 124D1 000 Outline Dimensions Socket 27E1064 socket is rated 10A 300VAC UL Recognized for US and Can
2. 36 Part 1 Testing the Interface Module 2 36 Part 2 Movement of the ree SR 38 Part 3 Manual and Automatic Erasing e 39 Part 4 Determining the appropriate size of the whiteboard 44 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION td erede rici a ciat 46 ero M 46 1 a sie SEU 47 BIBLFOGRARELY ode 49 PPP END CE isc icici tech ia MGR a c oC VR 51 Appendix A Centor Architectural A9T Sliding System 52 Appendix B Limit Switch Hinged Roller Lever Datasheet 58 Appendix C 2N2222A NPN Transistor Datasheet 68 Appendix D SRUDH SS 112D1 SPDT Relay Datasheet 71 Appendix E 1N4001 Diode Datasheet 73 Appendix F Parallel Port tetanic 76 Appendix G Automatic Whiteboard Eraser Quick User s Guide 79 Table 2 1 Table 2 2 Table 4 1 Table 4 2 Table 4 3 Table 4 4 Table 4 5 LIST OF TABLES Pin Connections of a Female DB25 10 Port Addr
3. som Lead wire models all OF types Contact Form SPDT SPST NC SPST NO common throughout the series standard models rated at 0 1 to 0 5 A standard models rated at 0 1 to 5 A COM black blue red COM NC COM Sealed lead wire terminal models have coded leads Consult Omron for SPST NC and SPST NO contact form types ordering information Approvals UL File No E41515 CSA File No LR21642 SS 5 SS 10 EN conforms 61058 1 Type Rating 581054 Genera purpose type 10 1 A 250 VAC Genera purpose type 125 V 3 A 260 55 01 seis force A 125 VAG 30 VDE File No 5861 3221 Rating 55 594 Genespurpose ype B A 250 VAC SEMKO File Nos 43 8614026 43 891609 Rating 55 10 series General purpose type 10 A 250 VAC 55 55 Genera purpose type B A 250 VAC Note The rated values approved by each of the safety standards e g UL CSA may be different from the performance characteristics individually defined in this catalog 4 Snap Action Switch SS 6llPage omnon Engineering Data B Mechanical service life Bi Electrical service life Standard type SS 5 SS 10 series Standard type SS 5 series Without load Operating frequency 60 operations minute Operating frequency 30 operations min 5 A 125 VAC p f 1 Service life x10 operations Service life x10 operations 0 1 02
4. 9 Figure of the Parallel port Data port yellow is simply used for outputting data on the parallel port s data lines This register is normally a write only port When the CPU wants to transmit data to the printer it writes eight bits into the data port latch The latch output as stated in the table above is labelled 00 07 DO is the least significant bit and D7 is the most significant bit The data signal will transfer print data strobe to instruct the printer that new printer is available The status port blue is a read only port Any data written to it will be ignored This port provides the printer adapter with the facility to read the status of the printer through various signals The status port signals have the following functions 4 Busy it indicates that the printer is busy and cannot take more data 76 Page 5 nACK it indicates the acknowledgement from the printer that data is received 6 Paper Out a signal that the printer generates that there is no paper in the printer 7 Select this signal indicates that the printer is enabled 8 nERROR this signal indicates error condition on the printer The control port red of the adapter provides the necessary control signals to the printer This port was intended as a write only port When a printer is attached to the parallel port four controls are used All These four controls are as follows 9 nSTROBE this control is to instruct the printer that ne
5. 50 60 Hz for 1 minute between current carrying parts and ground and between each terminal and noncurrent carrying metal parts Vibration 10 to 55 Hz 1 5 mm double amplitude Shock Low OF type 500 m s min approx 50 Others 1 000 m s min approx 100 g Malfunction durability Standard type 300 m s min approx 30 g Low OF type 200 m s min approx 20 Lever type at Contact 1 ms max Ambient temperature 25 to 85 C with no icing Humidity 8596 RH max Service life 30 million operations minimum OT rated value see note 4 Electrical 200 000 operations minimum rated load see note 2 Weight Approx 1 6 g pin plunger type Note 1 SS 10 series only 50 000 operations minimum for the SS 10 series 10 million operations for the SS 10 series Data shown are of initial value 1 2 3 Applies to the plunger type at the pin plunger of the lever type 4 2 Snap Action Switch SS 59 omnon Operating Characteristics Part number SS 01 F Characteristics SS 5 F SS 01GL E 0 5 mm 0 020 in 0 5 mm 0 020 in 25 mm 0 020 in 94 mm 0 024 in i mm 0 047 in MD max 0 1 mm 0 004 in 0 1 mm 0 004 in mm 0 004 in mm 0 005 in mm 0 535 in 84 0 5 mm 8 4 0 5 mm 84 x 0 5 mm 840 5 mm 8 8 0 8 mm 0 331 0 020 in 0 331 0 020 in 0 331 0 020 in 0 331 0 020 in 0 346 0 032 in SS 01GL F SS 01GL SS 10GL13 F SS 5GL
6. LI MI T SWITCH HINGED ROLLER LEVER DATASHEET omrRon Snap Action Switch Ss Subminiature Snap Action Switch Economical subminiature snap action switch offers long service life 30 million operations minimum All models are free from overtravel restrictions permit easy setting Wide switching capacity range from microvoltage current loads 1 mA at 5 VDC to high capacity loads 10 1 A at 250 VAC Standard operating force low force or super low force models available RoHS Compliant A Ordering Information Standard Type Microvoltage microcurrent load 0 1 A max Bifurcated crossbar contacts Contact PCB terminal ermina fier 110 OF Pin plunger 259 ssorer sog o ssorrr 1509 sso 550102 sson sso 89 X sseete ssoGLET ssewtr og Sso GLD 310561 55010502 60104 55 01917 89 ssorauisep 55 019113 meg ssoratrer 55 og sso tia o SSetGtis sso1GLioT Formed hinge lever 33 019414 55 010114 O ssor 500 Ep cl 169 509 Hinge lever Simulated roller lever ss o aLiar 1 soa soor ssoatzrT 5541612 Hinged roller lever Snap Action Switch SS 1 58lPage omnon General P
7. 4 Drill for holes on the 2 wide counter trim bar where the conveyor belt makes contact These holes will be used to tie the belt onto the bar Figure 3 6 Two 1 wide counter trim bars attached to the conveyor belt Part 5 Attaching the limit switches 1 Test the movement of the eraser by means of attaching the motor to the adapter and connect it to the 220V socket With this analyze the movement of the eraser from left initial point to the right 2 Once the eraser moves to the right side of the board determine an area where you can put the limit switch This limit switch see Appendix B triggers the movement of the eraser from the right side of the board to its initial point 23 Page HARDWARE DESIGN 1 Block Diagram INPUT FROM ERASER GOES BACK TO BUTTON INITIAL POINT INPUT SIGNAL ERASER STARTS TO PROCESSED BY THE MOVE FROM INITIAL COMPUTER POINT TO THE RIGHT This is the block diagram of the whole design project The movement of the eraser is triggered once the user presses the button It sends a signal to the computer and processes it then it could move There are also other controls on how to manipulate the movement of the eraser These are the reverse and stop functions 24 Page 2 Schematic Diagram and PCB Layout 13 Fin 25 Status Port p o 23 eS a E 22 PE Header 5 21 8 20 4 era H S 6 kd 18 s re 8
8. occa y ry d rres E TR Thermal Characteristics Electrical Characteristics comam Foward 104 2 Ta p Total Capacitaice S O Seedcoras cur imtei im 6T C 73 Page General Purpose Rectifiers Glass Passivated continued Typical Characteristics 2007 SINGLE PHASE HALF WAVE RESISTIVE OR INDUCTIVE LOAD 375 9 0 mm LEAD LENGTHS orward Current A os h o o LI lI 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Ambient Temperature Figure 1 Forward Current Derating Curve Average Rectified Forward Current I A o Forward Voltage V V Figure 2 Forward Voltage Characteristics LRL 4 6 810 20 40 60 100 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Number of Cycles at 60Hz Percent of Rated Peak Reverse Voltage Figure 3 Non Repetitive Surge Current Figure 4 Reverse Current vs Reverse Voltage 12 Reverse Current mA o t 5 o o a S gt Ei 2001 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation 1 4001 1 4007 Rev C 7A Page TRADEMARKS The following are registered and unregistered trademarks Fairchild Semiconductor owns or is authori
9. up to 1000mm door 1 2 x 94CCSM carriers 2 1x1G guides 2x9I5stops 1 xscrew pack 2000mm track set for single door containing 1 x 91430 aluminium track up to 1500mm door el 2 94 5 carriers E 1x16G guides 2 975 stops 1 xscrew pack CARRIERS PART DESCRIPTION 4 wheel carrier stainless steel amp mild steel bogey 4wheel carrier stainless steel with stainless steel bogey 54 GUIDES SELECT GUIDE TIRE nien groxcy ed door wall cr floor fix groaned doc flac channel TRACK PART PRODUCT CODE CENTOR ARCHITECT URAL 2008 necn groxc exi door wall cr floor fix PART DESCRIPTION 2000mm aluminium track mill 3000mm aluminium track mill 4000mm aluminium track mill 6000mm aluminium track mill 915mm galabond track 1255mm track 2000mm gaWabond track 2500mm track 3000mm gaWvabond track 4000mm gal cibond track 6000mm gal abend track PRODUCT COGE LG PART DESCRIPTION expandable guide nylon blister pack suits dacs 19 35mm expandable guide aluminium blister pack with brush suits docs 19 35mm floor fixed groove guide nylon blister pack suits dacs with 6x 19mm groove wall grove guide nylon suits dacs with 19mm groove spring loaded guide drill 12 7 x 33mm hole 55 Page OPTIONAL
10. Engineering Electronics and Communications Engineering and Computer Engineering as fulfillment of the design requirement for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering 4 Uo 9 ee Engr Felicito S Caluyo Dean School of EE ECE CoE lPage ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To our parents who never stopped supporting us and giving us guidance in our hardships to complete this design project To our friends namely Jonneil V Loredo and Edgardo G Simpao Jr despite of them having their own design projects did not hesitate to help us when we are in need To Engr Noel Linsangan for guiding us in revising our progress reports and telling us what we should do to make it on time To Engr Analyn Yumang our adviser for guiding us and giving us pointers on what we should do Lastly to our Almighty God for giving us strength to finish this design project TABLE OF CONTENTS TEREE PAGE S dot ae aba coto o aso den C A APPROVAL SHEET OY bela cms eode bi Padre ate Avnet i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ic neret a a deeds d utes ca etica teta iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Ie Guia cams Nerd ve eene iv BIST OF FABLES erui sonde ee pede EM ECC nsa ir Ve Rue a vi RT vii ABSTRACT op e Pd itor ron cl a ed eo o aed e vi
11. INCHES ow MIN MIN NOTE 209 230 5 309 5 842 B 478 195 4521 4953 470 210 4518 5334 D 50 i27 E 0 254 TYP F 028 048 7112 1219 50 17 H 1 009 031 0 229 077 44 46 44 46 096 046 0914 1 168 DC Current Gain I 20 1mAdc 10 1 0 Vee 10Vde le 10mAde Vce 10Vdc 150 Vee 1 0Vde 1 2150mAdc Voe 10Vde 300 DC Current Gain hie I 500mAdc 10 4 2N2222 30 2N2222A 40 Notes 1 High Temperature Solder Exemption Applied see EU Directive Annex 7 0 406 0533 www mccsemli com Revision 5 1643 2008 01 07 68lPage Micro Commercial Components 2N2222 2N2222A Symbol Parameter L Min Units ON CHARACTERISTICS Collector Emitter Saturation Voltage8 1 150 l 215mAdc 2N2222 500 50 Collector Emitter Saturation Voltage l 150mAde I5 15mAdc 2N2222A 50mAdc Vee sat Base Emitter Saturation Voltage 150 Ip 15mAdc 2N2222 l 500mAdc l 250mAdc Base Emitter Saturation Voltage 1 150 l 215mAdc 2N2222A 1 2500mAdc 50 SMALL SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS Output Capacitance 10 I ziez0 fz1 0MHz TransitionFrequency Vce220Vdc lc 2 20mAdc f2100MHz 2N2222
12. Trial Time sec I 24 184 2 21 122 3 25 808 4 11 016 5 18 805 6 10 296 7 13 472 8 11 863 9 13 216 10 12 976 Average tave1 16 2758 Table 4 4 Time consumed in using 3M Erasing Pad Computation Average Trial 1 Trial 10 10 24 184 21 122 25 808 11 016 18 805 10 296 13 472 11 863 13 216 12 976 10 Average 16 2758 seconds 4llPage This material absorbed more stains compared to the other two Based on the average time it consumed from erasing the writings of the board it is the most appropriate material to be used in the design project Automatic Erasing Material 3M Erasing Pad Trial Rounds Time sec 1 2 26 580 2 3 28 616 3 3 56 249 4 2 45 016 5 2 24 151 6 1 11 015 7 2 24 647 8 2 33 801 9 1 19 929 10 1 20 808 11 1 38 400 12 1 31 920 Average 30 0943 Table 4 5 Time consumed and number of rounds using 3M Erasing Pad Computation Average Trial 1 Trial 12 12 26 580 28 616 56 249 45 016 24 151 11 015 24 647 33 801 19 929 20 808 38 400 31 920 12 Average 30 0943 seconds 42 Page After trial 10 the automatic eraser had difficulty in moving due to the state of the eraser used With the results the designers concluded that the operation of the Automatic Whiteboard Eraser is highly dependent on the volume of the writings and the state of the 3M Erasing Pad The 3M
13. Whiteboard Chalkboard Eraser Trial Time sec 1 13 584 11 993 16 152 21 064 16 671 15 456 16 753 18 479 27 323 BR Ww nN 39 Page 10 23 840 Average 18 1585 Table 4 2 Time consumed in using Whiteboard Chalkboard Eraser Computation Average Trial 1 Trial 10 10 13 584 11 993 16 152 21 064 16 671 15 456 16 753 18 479 27 323 23 840 10 Average 18 1585 seconds The whiteboard chalkboard eraser left residue at trials 8 9 At trial 10 during the operation there were marker stains that could be seen which resulted to a longer time of erasing the contents of the board The material did not totally absorb the marker stains Material Cloth Trial Time sec 1 31 784 2 22 464 3 33 416 4 28 361 5 31 936 Average 19 5922 Table 4 3 Time consumed in using cloth Computation Average Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5 5 31 784 22 464 33 416 28 361 31 936 5 Average 19 5922 seconds 40lPage The cloth took more time to absorb all the marker stains After trial 5 the cloth could not be used to erase the contents of the board anymore designers decided not to continue the test since it would only leave the board messy and would take time to erase it clean Material 3M Erasing Pad
14. embodiment the system includes the first and second relays each including switch contacts and a coil for switching voltage to the motor The system also includes a third relay including switch contacts and a coil for switching voltage to the motor a control switch having multiple switch positions for selecting the rotational direction of the motor The control switch the motor and the relays are electrically interconnected such that a first control switch position provides a first voltage to the motor a second control switch position provides a second l4 Page voltage to the motor the second voltage being opposite in polarity to the first voltage and a third control switch position provides the open circuit to the motor Niemela P W 1994 One design project called INK B GONE a mechanical whiteboard eraser used a DC motor to move its eraser to a specified direction The device was required to demonstrate various degrees of freedom or mobility The mechanical whiteboard eraser device needs to erase the whiteboard in the least possible amount of time possible The target is to erase the entire board in 25 seconds Cacace A Luna Ramirez E Shafian S 2006 15 Page Chapter 3 DESI GN METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES This chapter includes the collection of theories ideas or concepts related to the design project It discusses the specific type of design methodology used to solve the design problem that includes th
15. CHANNEL 9SC20N 9SC30N 9SCAON OSCOON OGC 9SC20B 9SC30B OSCAOB OSCOOB OFCA2N 2 FCA OF CA2B MWTACA Custom pawdercocted a cinocisec available on request 2000mm 3000mm 4o00mm 2000mm 3000mm 4000mm 2000mm 3000mm 4000mm 2000mm 3000mm 4000mm 2000mm 3000mm 4000mm 6oo0mm 2000mm 3000mm 4000mm 4000mm aluminium surface channel natural anodised aluminium surface channel natural anodised aluminium surface channel natural anodised aluminium surface channel natural anodised aluminium surface channel white powdercoat aluminium surface channel white powdercoat aluminium surface channel white powderccoct aluminium surface channel white pawdercoat aluminium surface channel brawn powdercoat aluminium surface channel brown powdercoat aluminium surface channel brawn pawdercoct aluminium surface channel brawn pawdercact aluminium rebate channe natural aluminium rebate channel natural anodised aluminium rebate channel natural anodised aluminium rebate channel natural anodised aluminium channel white pov dercocit aluminium repete channel white pawdercoct aluminium tebete channel white pawdercoct aluminium rebate
16. ERIT o tf o L3 FER ud Control Port ge 14 o DB25 Connector Header 4 This is the schematic diagram for the interface module program will be responsible on how to manipulate the design project can see only three pins are used in the status ports 4 4 LI J u w w Figure 3 7 nterface DB25 Module An assembly As you The three pins are for three functions start reverse and stop functions The data ports will indicate the value of these three functions as indicated in the assembly program see Interface Program The input comes from the status ports which sends the signal to the computer and then proceeds to the data port to output the values on the respective LEDs 25 Page P4 3 3 o 2 o 2 lo 1 1 lo 1 1 LU Header 3 Header 3 Hu Header 3 Relzy SPD Relzy SPD Relzy SPDT Relzy SPD 6V 6V 5V 1N4001 1N4001 1N4001 1N4001 2N2222A LED1 Figure 3 8 Relay Module This is the schematic diagram of the relay module The input for these relays comes from the data ports as shown in Figure 3 9 The input coming from the data port in the interface module is connected to the resistor then all the way up to trigger the switch in the relay The status port as shown in Figure 3 7 is the input which will contains what operation the user desires In this circuit there are four SP
17. F 55 501 55 1001 55 1001 13 SS 5GL13 F 12 mm 0 047 n 0 8 mm 0 032 in 0 8 mm 0 032 in 1 0 mm 0 039 in 0 8 mm 0 032 in 0 8 mm 0 032 in 7 1361 0 53510 136 05351 13 6 053510 155 mm 0 610in 155 mm 0 6101 8 8 0 8 mm 8 8 0 8 mm 8 8 0 8 mm 10 70 8 mm 10 7 0 8 mm 0 346 0 032 in 0 346 0 032 in 0 346 10 032 in 0 421 10 032 in 0 421 10 032 in Part number SS 01GL13 SS 01GL14 F SS 01GL14 Characteristics 55 50113 SS 10GL13 SS 01GL14 E SS 5GL14 F SS 5GL14 ma 2 mm 0 047 in 1 0 mm 0 039 in 1 2 mm 0 047 in 1 2 mm 0 047 in 1 2 mm 0 047 in 155 061010 155mm 0 67010 149mm 058710 149mm 05871 149 0587 10 7 0 8 mm 10 7 0 8 mm 10 1 0 8 mm 10 1 0 8 mm 10 1 0 8 mm 0 421 0 032 in 0 421 0 032 in 0 398 0 032 in 0 398 0 032 in 0 398 0 032 in Part number SS 01GL2 Characteristics 55 100114 SS 01GL2 E 55 5012 SS 10GL2 m 1 0 mm 0 039 in 1 2 mm 0 047 in m mm 0 047 in 1 2 mm 0 047 in 1 0 mm 0 039 in 1 0 mm 0 039 in 0 8 mm 0 032 in 0 8 mm 0 032 in 0 8 mm 0 032 in 1 0 mm 0 039 in 149 0587 193mm 0760 193mm 0 76010 193mm 9760 193mm 0 7601 10 1 0 8 mm 14 5 x 0 8 mm 14 5 0 8 mm 14 5 0 8 mm 14 5 0 8 mm 0 398 0 032 in 0 571 0 032 in 0 571 0 032 in 0 571 0 032 in 0 571 0 032 in B Ratings Microvoltage microcurrent load type
18. H 1996 Interfacing the PC Parallel Printer Port is a study that discusses the retrieving and sending data to and from the parallel port According to this study designers should take into account the registers to use and the number of bits the particular port is using When retrieving data from the status port it should be taken into consideration the number of bits the status port is using Since assembly language uses registers the minimum number of bits that a register would be I2 Page holding is 8 bits or one byte Status port uses only 5 bits of data The bits used by the status ports are the five most significant bits of an 8 bit register and the excess bits would be of no significant value and are only treated as padded bits Stewart Z 1994 DC Motors and SPDT Relays In a study entitled DC Motor reversing with relay tells about the control functions of relays which are the forward stop and reverse actions According to this study the motor should not be switched from one direction to another unless it is stopped or set to a rest before Putting a motor straight into into the opposite direction would be quite dangerous because when running a motor it develops a back emf voltage which could add to the current flow in the opposite direction and probably cause arcing of the relay contacts When the forward button is pressed and released the motor will run continuously in one direction The Stop button mus
19. Outdoor use uses involving potential chemical contamination or electrical interference or conditions or uses not described in this document Energy control systems combustion systems railroad systems aviation systems medical equipment amusement machines vehicles safety equipment and installations subject to separate industry or government regulations Use in consumer products or any use in significant quantities iv Systems machines and equipment that could present a risk to life or property Please know and observe all prohibitions ol use applicable to this roduct NEVE R USE THE PRODUCT FOR AN APPLICATION INVOLVING SERIOUS RISK TO LIFE OR PROPERTY WITHOUT ENSURING THAT THE SYSTEM AS A WHOLE HAS BEEN DESIGNED TO ADDRESS THE RISKS AND THAT THE OMRON PRODUCT IS PROPERLY RATED AND INSTALLED FOR THE INTENDED USE WITHIN THE OVERALL EQUIPMENT OR SYSTEM 2 Programmable Products Seller shall not be responsible for the user s programming of a programmable product or any consequence thereof Performance data given in this publication is provided as a guide for the user in determining suitability and does not constitute a war ranty It may represent the result of Seller s test conditions and the users must correlate it lo actual application requirements Actual performance is subject to Seller s Warranty and Limitations of Liability i jlicati Product specilications and accessories may be changed at any time based on improvement
20. Re e o rer Yr eder err ges 28 ABSTRACT The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser is a design project that operates through pc interfacing using parallel ports Assembly language is used to program the parallel port to be able to manipulate the movement of the eraser The parallel port was used so that the program would be able to interact with the circuitry fully The design will erase the writings on the board without the user exerting so much effort prevent straining oneself and be able to reduce the time used Electronics Microprocessors and Assembly Language are the essential courses used as basis for the design s internal structure The mechanical aspect of the design is based on the idea of a sliding door The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser s intended application is to erase the writings on the board which would consume less effort and time compared to manual erasing but still efficient With the use of Assembly Language the intended operation of the design could be achieved by a push of a button Keywords Interface module relay module DC motors parallel port Automatic Whiteboard Eraser Page Chapter 1 DESI GN BACKGROUND AND I NTRODUCTI ON This chapter shows a general overview of the design project It gives the reader the background or basis of the problem to be reported It is the section that states the purpose and goals of the study In this chapter the Automatic Whiteboard Eraser is introduced as a design
21. considered as a major factor The prototype is not concerned on the time consumed in erasing a 35 x 24 whiteboard Instead it is concerned on the time consumed by the user to push the button to activate the prototype The user does not have to waste so much time and effort to do the job The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser did the work while the user can do something else Recommendation Based on the tests performed the designers recommend the following 1 Research further for other possible materials that have a longer lifespan in comparison with the one used in this design project 2 Other designers may provide additional DC motors for the prototype to obtain a better performance They may research for other components to smoothen the eraser s operation 3 The material to be used as eraser would have fewer divisions to lessen the blind spots that the current design presents 4 Since this design project is created using a frame other designers should also look for other ways to apply the design to different types of whiteboard like those fixated on the wall 47 Page The eraser holder should be easier to access for eraser refills With regards to software programmers could also develop an autorun file so that it will be easier to run the program or even make it as a background service 48 BI BLIOGRAPHY Journals Anderson P H 1996 Use of a PC Printer Port for Control and Data Acquisition Cacace A
22. eraser will be moving on with a set direction Assembly language will be used in creating the design s procedure The design will be composed of an interface DB25 module relay module and the whiteboard The input will come from a push button connected on the interface module Statement of the Problem Manual erasing of the contents of whiteboards is tiring Too much energy is wasted when doing such work when the lecturer could just have an automatic whiteboard eraser do the work so that he she may be able to continue lecturing A team of design enthusiasts are eager to improve this simple application from manual to automatic Human application is still needed for the design project to work The user needs to run a certain program and push the appropriate buttons to use the prototype The idea of the design being automatic is that with only a push of a button the eraser can move 2 Page Objectives of the Design The general objective of the design project is to improve manual application of doing work to automatic application The specific objectives are To create a design that would be able to erase the writings on the whiteboard using PC interfacing To save time and avoid straining oneself in erasing writings on whiteboards compared to manual operation but could still be effective in cleaning the board To create a program that would manoeuvre the movement of the eraser The user must be able to run the program to use
23. left to right and vice versa 6 The user will have to press the stop function before the eraser could reverse its movement for optimum performance 5 Page 7 The contact between the eraser and the writing surface would be manually adjusted 8 The eraser once worn out is difficult to be replaced or adjusted due to the structure of the customized eraser holder Definition of Terms 1 Assembly the name given to any low level computer language that is tailored to the architecture of a specific microprocessor Assembly languages are a more readable shorthand form of binary code Source Abel P 2000 PC Assembly Language and Programming 5 ed Prentice Hall PTR NJ USA 2 DC Motor in this design a dc motor will be used to enable the movement of the eraser once connected to the source DC motor is an electronic rotating machine energized by direct current and used to convert electric energy to mechanical energy It consists of two basic parts a fieldframe assembly and an armature assembly Source Anderson B M 1975 Soldering and Welding Drake Publishers Inc NY USA 3 Interface a system consisting of hardware software or both that allows two dissimilar components to interact Source Gadre D V 1998 Programming the Parallel Port Interfacing the PC for Data Acquisition and Process Control R amp D Books Miller Freeman KS USA 6lPage Module subdivides a system into smaller parts which can
24. port plus 1 Anderson P H 1996 I nterfacing parallel ports using Assembly Language The study entitled Use of a PC Printer Port for Control and Data Acquisition shows a sample code of how to use a parallel port However the code used a different language It shows how to first locate the address used by the parallel port using the DOS command line then proceeds on how to access the ports through the address obtained in the DOS command line Although the code was written in C 11 language it still demonstrated the logic on how to access the address ports which a vital part of the design project Certain lines of codes do give off hints regarding the equivalent block of codes in a different language This study relates how to access the port using reserved words and commands Obtaining the expected function whether it would be to get data from the port or write data to the port the key elements needed would be to know the equivalent command or reserved word to use and the address of the port that would be accessed In the case of this study the C language reserved words that were used were inport and outport In storing or passing data from the parallel port it is very evident that the C language being a high level language does not need any compensation or any alterations coming from the programmer since proper initialization of the variables used would be sufficient to get the exact value of the data Anderson P
25. was used to supplement the methods applied using the constructive research Design Procedures The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser makes use of a motor particularly a DC motor that will be responsible in moving the eraser from one point to another A relay module is used to power the eraser s motor This module will be connected to another module containing the parallel port for the interface Through PC interfacing assembly language will be used in manipulating the movement of the eraser The project was designed using the concepts from books and articles as stated in the second chapter One is the use of a motor to move a certain component to whatever position the user wants This motor is one of the major components which without it there will be no essence of having an automatic eraser There are two modules in this design project one for the relay and the 1l7 Page other is for the interface These circuits were designed using the concepts from Electronics Microprocessors and Assembly Language courses The relay module consists of the following components relays transistors resistors header connectors and LEDs The interface module makes use of header connectors female connectors tact switches LEDs and a female DB25 connector Two data lines from the parallel port are connected to the two relays then connected to the DC motor and it will power up the automatic eraser By applying the concepts from the three courses stated
26. 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 07 Overtravel mm Rated operaling current A Dimensions Unit mm inch E Pin Plunger 75 55 01 E F 55 5 55 10 4 0 6 4 0 25 1 2 35 perag dia holes Three 1 6 dia 1 holes 6 4 0 25 19 8 0 78 E Hinge Lever SS 01GL F SS 5GL F SS 10GL 4 Stainiess steel 0 16 lever 0 3 t Snap Action Switch SS 5 62 B Simulated Roller Lever SS 01GL 13 E F SS 5GL13 F SS 10GL 13 4 0 16 Hinge Lever SS 01GL14 E F SS 5GL14 F SS 10GL14 Stainless ste 0 16 lever 0 31 Note 1 Unless otherwise specified a tolerance of 30 4 mm applies to all dimensions 2 Straight vertical PCB terminal models are shown above Soldered terminal Tab 110 terminal lead wire terminal PCB terminal parallel to left and PCB terminal parallel to right are shown in the Terminals section E Hinge Roller Lever 4 SS 01GL2 F 0 16 4 8 dia x 32 SS 5GL2 F polyacetal resin rollar SS 10GL2 Stainless steel d lever 0 3t FP 29 25 saors 2 35 0 14 0 10 435 95 102 d 0 37 0 40 F 2 852 dia holes Three 1 6 dia holes 2 5 10 07 dia 32 0 13 6 4 5 0 0 26 Note Unless otherwise specified a tolerance of 30 4 mm applies to all dimensions Mounting holes Standard types Mounting holes below are for reference only Two 2 4 dia mounting 1 525 Th
27. 010b OUTLEFTAI OUTTER2 AL BL OUTTER2 AL BL DELAY Alp BL DX 03BCH DX AL STARTO 0000H DX 03BCH 33 Page OUT MOV MOV MOV INT OUTRIGHT OUTLEFT MOV MOV MOV JMP OUTMID DELAY MOV DELAY2 PUSH MOV DELAY3 NOP NOP NOP DX AL AL 00000000b DX 03BCH 4 00 21 00H AL 01000001b BL AL OUTTER BX 00H AL 100000105 BL AL OUTTER BH 40H AL 001110006 BL AL OUTTER2 CX 0480H CX CX OFFFH 34 Page NOP NOP LOOP POP LOOP END B EGIN DELAY3 CX DELAY2 35 Page Chapter 4 TESTI NG PRESENTATI ON AND I NTERPRETATI ON OF DATA This chapter involves different tests conducted that complied with the objectives stated in the first chapter These tests were conducted to determine the functionality and the quality of the created design project with respect to the context in which it is intended to operate Results of these tests were interpreted and analyzed to prove the functionality of the prototype Part 1 Testing the Interface Module The interface module was tested if the assembly program would run perfectly The LED indicator in the interface module must display the specified values for every operation In this test the db25 connector was connected to the printer port of the CPU through the parallel cor
28. 2N2222A Noise Figure Vce 5 0Vde l 200uAdc Rs 2 0KOHM f 1 0kHz B 200Hz 2N2222A SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS Delay Time lcosst50mAdc ln t5mAde 1 15 Pulse Test tp lt 300us Duty Cycle lt 2 096 Wwww mccsemli com Revision 5 2of3 2008 01 01 Micro Commercial Components Ordering Information Part Number BP Bulk 100pcs Box IMPORTANT NOTICE Micro Commercial Components Corp reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any product herein to make corrections modifications enhancements improvements or other changes Micro Commercial Components Corp does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product described herein neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others The user of products in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold Micro Commercial Components Corp and all the companies whose products are represented on our website harmless against all damages APPLICATIONS DISCLAIMER Products offer by Micro Commercial Components Corp are not intended for use in Medical Aerospace or Military Applications www meccsem com Revision 5 2008 01 01 701 APPENDIX D SRUDH SS112D1 SPDT RELAY DATASHEET Features Small package 12 Amp switching capcity 1 Form A and 1 Fo
29. Automatic Whiteboard Eraser nterfaced Using Assembly Language by Erika Grace G Diamante Katherine H Flores Emmanuel J esus A Garcia Lorenzo N Raralio A Design Report Submitted to the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Communications Engineering and Computer Engineering in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Mapua Institute of Technology October 2009 Approval Sheet Mapua Institute of Technology School of EE ECE CoE This is to certify that we have supervised the preparation of and read the design report prepared by Erika Grace G Diamante Katherine H Flores Emmanuel Jesus A Garcia and Lorenzo N Raralio entitled Automatic Whiteboard Eraser Interfaced using Assembly Language and that the said report has been submitted for final examination by the Oral Examination Committee pung Prof Susana T Alabastro Engr Analyn Yumang Reader Design Adviser As members of the Oral Examination Committee we certify that we have examined this design report presented before the committee on September 12 2009 and hereby recommended that it be accepted as fulfillment of the design requirement for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Engr O Avendano Engr Emma M Tiong Panel Member Panel Member Engr M Vergara Jr Panel Member This design report is hereby approved and accepted by the School of Electrical
30. DT relays used since the design project makes use of two DC motors The relays on this circuit control the forward reverse and stop actions Switching a device such a DC motor which draws more current than is provided by an output switch or component needs a relay There are diodes connected to each relay These diodes are used across the coil to provide a path for current when current path to the relay is interrupted The diode protects the relay contacts that may be sensitive to voltage spikes 26 Page Data Port DB 25 Module 1 P5 Relay Module QN de le bo Header 8 P4 Module P3 Relay Module P2 Relay Module Pl Relsy Module Header 3 Header 3 Header 3 Header 3 Figure 3 10 Relay Module to DC Motor This figure shows the connection of the header connections in the relay to the DC motors Two DC motors are used one on each side of the whiteboard This will help to fully activate the movement of the eraser The input from the data port will go through the series of components in the relay module and will have an output on the Pin 2 on each header connections shown above The output will trigger the motor to move Pins 1 and 3 will be connected to the adapter that will supply power on the relays to move the motor 27 Page Figure 3 11 PCB Layout of the I nterface DB25 Module This figure is the PCB layout of the interface module done using the PCB Wizard software as shown in the figure b
31. E EXPRESSLY STATED IN THE SPECIFICATION BY Seller shall not be responsible for the Buyer s programming of a programmable Product IV WARRANTY AND LIMITATION 1 Warranty Seller s exclusive warranty is that the Products will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of twelve months from the date of sale by Seller or such other period expressed in writing by Seller SELLER MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION EXPRESS OR IMPLIED ABOUT ALL OTHER WARRANTIES NON INFRINGEMENT MERCHANTABILIT Y OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF THE PRODUCTS Seller s sole obligation hereunder shall be to replace in the form originally shipped with Buyer responsible for labor charges for removal or replacement thereof the non complying Product or at Seller s election to repay or credit Buyer an amount equal to the purchase price of the Product provided that there shall be no liability for Seller or its affiliates unless Seller s analysis confirms that the Products were handled stored installed and maintained and not subject to contamination abuse misuse or inappropriate modification Return of any Products by Buyer must be approved in writing by Seller before shipment Limitation on Liability SELLER AND ITS AFFILIATES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES LOSS OF 4 PROFITS OR PRODUCTION OR COMMERCIAL LOSS IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THE PRODUCTS WHETHER SUCH CLAIM IS BA
32. Erasing Pad could absorb marker stains more effectively than the other two kinds of eraser as concluded before However if it is used frequently the material is worn out and it will affect the movement of the whole eraser Comparing the speed of manual S and automatic erasing 52 using 3M Erasing Pad Distance d 2 length of the whiteboard width of the eraser space occupied by the DC motors on both sides 35 2 1 Distance 01 32 0 8128 meters manual erasing Distance 42 0 8128 meters x 2 average rounds 1 9 2 1 6256 meters automatic erasing taver 16 2758 sec tave2 29 0812 sec average time for 10 trials only For manual erasing Si di tavi 0 8128 meters 16 2758 sec S 0 0499 m s 43 Page For automatic erasing 92 d2 tavez 1 6256 meters 29 0812 sec S2 0 0559 m s In this computation manual erasing is faster than automatic erasing considering the distances and the time consumed to erase the contents of the board This test shows that manual erasing is faster than automatic erasing However the speed of the design project is a minor factor to be considered The time consumed by the user to push the buttons to use the automatic whiteboard eraser which takes less than 2 seconds is the important factor to be considered in this design project The user does not have to waste time and effort in doing manual work The automatic whiteboard eraser will do the erasing job while t
33. F CENTOR ARCHITECTUIAL 2008 53 A9T COMPONENT SELECTION spec wih separate component groups Componente are required hgraup buld AST siding door system except when indicated otherwise choose material surface finish and size required to sult operimg Carriets I material and numer required to auil panel myout Guides choose gudirg method and number requiret to panel layout Channel c se fixing type surface finish and siae sut opening Accessories choose Items whi h best sul c peningstrrd door panel requimments hannels an optional term SETS SELECTION The AST sliding door track eystem availible complete sets To specify a complete est simply choose the set corresponding to the desired panel width The est is supplied standard with the 4 4 wheel carrier with stainless co nentry and plated bearings together with track eto and the 1G moulded nylon guide The track is supplied in mill finished alurrinium in two alternative lengths and easily c ut to size with a hacleaw If desired the track can be anodised or powdercoated to suit The track length should be twice the width of the intended panel To epecify the individual parte Component Selection section below ET DESCRIPTION 2000mm track set for single door containing 1 x 91420 aluminium track
34. General purpose resistive load Bifurcated crossbar contacts T25 VAC 30 VOC inrush curent Snap Action Switeh SS 3 60lPage Standard type general purpose Rivet contacts Switch series 555 35198310 88595310 885198810 Contactiorm ora fora A 1A 5 5 8 voc A sa a havoc fora a Bovoc A ba 044 oosa 20 10 20 15 max both non inductive and inductive loads Note 1 The above current ratings are the values of the steady state current 2 Inductive load has a power factor of 0 4 min AC and a time constant of 7 milliseconds max DC The inductive load applicable to the SS 10 series must have a power factor of 0 75 min 3 Lamp load has an inrush current of 10 times the steady state current 4 Motor load has an inrush current of 6 times the steady state current 5 If the switch is used in a DC circuit and is subjected to inrush current or surge connect a surge suppressor across the switch Contact Resistance momax initial Contact rating oia 7 8AeSA Normal operating force models SS 30 Low operating force models SS F Super low operating force models SS
35. Luna Ramirez E Shafian S 2006 INK B GONE a Design Project on Fundamentals of Mechatronics Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering San J ose University Collinson A 1995 DC Motor Reversing with Relay Feil P G Vaughn T H 2000 Relay circuit for high voltage operation of bi directional DC motor Niemela P W 1994 System and method for permanent magnet DC motor reversing Peacock C 1998 Interfacing the Standard Parallel Port Stewart 7 1994 Interfacing the PC Parallel Printer Port Books Abel P 2000 PC Assembly Language and Programming 57 ed Prentice Hall PTR New Jersey USA Allen B M 1975 Soldering and Welding Drake Publishers Inc NY USA Anderson E P Miller 1977 Electronic Motors 3 Theaodore Audel amp Co 49 Clark R H 1985 Handbook of Printed Circuits Manufacturing Van Nostrand Reinhold NY USA Coombs C F 1979 Printed Circuits Handbook McGraw Hill Handbooks D V 1998 Programming the Parallel Port Interfacing the PC for Data Acquisition and Process Control R amp D Books Miller Freeman KS USA Grossnickle J Raskin O April 2001 The Handbook of Online Marketing Research Knowing Your Customer Using the Net McGraw Hill NJ USA Harper C 1977 Handbook of Components for Electronics edited McGraw Hill NY USA Kiver M S 1972 Transistor and Integrated Electronics 4 Edition McGraw Hill NY USA Lindsey D 1982 The Desig
36. NY USA 9 Secondary Research the use of previously existing resources to meet your research goals Source Grossnickle J Raskin April 2001 The Handbook of Online Marketing Research Knowing Your Customer Using the Net McGraw Hill USA 10 Soldering method of joining metals by the application of heat sometimes combined with pressure with the use of a filler metal which is lead Sources Allen B M 1975 Soldering and Welding Drake Publishers Inc NY USA Self C R 1979 Welding Brazing and Soldering 11 Transistor a solid state electronic component that is to control relatively large electrical current flowing between two regions of a semiconductor crystal by a very small current or voltage applied to intermediate region Sources Pollack H June 1980 Transistor Theory and Circuits Made Simple McGraw Hill NJ USA Kiver M S 1972 Transistor and Integrated Electronics 4 ed McGraw Hill NY USA 12 User interface a means of how people the users interact with a machine or computer Source D V 1998 Programming the Parallel Port Interfacing the PC for Data Acquisition and Process Control R amp D Books Miller Freeman KS USA 8 Page Chapter 2 REVI EW OF RELATED LI TERATURE AND STUDI ES This chapter gives the contextual setting or frame of reference given in the previous chapter by means of including statements about the general aspects of the problem already rese
37. Out 2 Data DO Out 3 Data 01 Out 4 Data D2 Out 5 Data D3 Out 6 Data 04 Out 7 Data D5 Out 8 Data D6 Out 9 Data D7 Out 10 Status ACK Acknowledgement In 11 Status Busy In 12 Status Paper Out In 13 Status Select In 14 Control Auto Feed In Out 15 Status Error In 16 Control Reset nl NIT In Out 17 Control Select Input In Out 18 25 Ground Gnd Table 2 1 Pin Connections of a Female DB25 As the table shows each port is assigned to one of the three different parallel ports control port status port and data port Peacock C 1998 lO l Page PRINTER DATA PORT STATUS PORT CONTROL PORT 0x03BCH 0x03BDH LPT2 0x0378H 0x0379H 0x037Ah LPT3 0x0278H 0x0279H 0x027AH Table 2 2 Port Address for the three ports of the printer adapter According to the study entitled Use of a PC Printer Port for Control and Data Acquisition in interfacing the parallel port one must first know the address on which to access the said port of the computer The parallel port can usually be accessed through the data port address of 3BCH This address value differs depending on the computer manufacturer and for the computer models It is also dependent on the number of ports that are available in the computer The other addresses that the parallel port could use would be at 378H or 278H The status port address would be found at data port plus 1 and the control port address would be found at status
38. SED IN CONTRACT WARRANTY NEGLIGENCE OR STRICT LIABILITY FURTHER IN NO EVENT SHALL LIABILITY OF SELLER OR ITS AFFILITATES EXCEED THE INDI VIDUAL PRICE OF THE PRODUCT ON WHICH LIABILITY IS ASSERTED Indemnities Buyer shall indemnify and hold harmless Seller its affiliates and its employees from and against all liabilities losses claims costs and expenses including attomey s fees and expenses related to any claim investigation litigation or proceeding whether or not Seller is party which arises or is alleged to arise from Buyer s acts or omissions under these Terms or in any way with respect to the Products V INFORMATION The intellectual property embodied in the Products is the exclusive Intellectual Property property of Seller and its affiliates and Buyer shall not attempt to duplicate it in any way without the written permission of Seller Buyer at ts own expense shall indemnify and hold harmless Seller and defend or settle any action brought against Seller to the extent that it is based on a claim that any Product made to Buyer specifications infringed intellectual property rights of another party standing any charges to Buyer for engineering or tooling all engineering and tooling shall remain the exclusive property of Seller All information and materials supplied by Seller to Buyer relating to the Products are confidential and proprietary and Buyer shall limit distribution thereof to its trusted
39. Surge Voltage Between Coil and Contacts 3 000 1 2 5045 Initial Insulation Resistance Between Mutually Insulated Elements 1 000 ohms min S00VDCM Reference Data Coil Data Voltage 6 to 48VDC Nominal Power 360 mW except 48VDC coil 510mW Coil Temperature Rise 35 C max at rated coil voltage Max Coil Power 13095 of nominal Duty Cycle Continuous Coil Data 20 Coil Must Operate Must Release Resistance ohms 1096 Voltage 100 4 50 225 6 75 400 9 00 1 600 18 00 4 500 36 00 Operate Data Must Operate Voltage 75 of nominal voltage or less Must Release Voltage 10 of nominal voltage or more Operate Time 15 ms max Release Time 5 ms max Environmental Data Temperature Range Operating 30 C to 60 C Vibration Mechanical 10 to 55 Hz 1 5mm double amplitude Operational 10to 55 Hz 1 5mm double amplitude Shock Mechanical 1 000m s 1006 approximately Operational 100m s 10G approximately Operating Humidity 20 to 85 RH Non condensing Mechanical Data Termination Printed circuit terminals Enclosure 94V 0 Flammability Ratings SRUDH SS Vented Flux tight plastic cover SRUDH SH Sealed plastic case Weight 0 42 oz 12g approximately Life Expectancy Operation x 10 Coil Temperature Rise Operate Time 180 12 w 9 wo 10 i z 8 3 i 6 5 H 60 Fa 40 2 0
40. above the internal structure of the design made Procedure for the relay and interface modules l Create a circuit for the interface and the SPDT relay see Appendix D similar to Figures 3 7 and 3 8 with your choice of software 2 Simulate the circuit Make sure everything is connected properly Then convert it to its PCB layout using PCB Wizard see Figures 3 11 and 3 12 3 The PCB layout of the circuits will be embedded on the board The board size must be appropriate for the size of the layout 4 After transferring the layout of the circuit to the PCB the board will be submerged to the developer and then to the Ferric Chloride solution 5 Once the layout is visible drill the points indicated in the layout where the components will be inserted I8 Page 6 Solder the components Make sure that everything is connected Do not leave any broken connections to prevent significant error in the output Procedure for the Whiteboard eraser Part 1 Setting up the frame of the whiteboard 2 Provide whiteboard with the size not exceeding 40 in height and 24 in width Create your desired style of the frame with stand Make sure to consider how to attach the customized whiteboard eraser Provide the two 1m steel track A9T Sliding System see Appendix A 1 8 x 1 x 1 angled and 1 wide counter trim aluminium bars and screw These steel tracks will be used as the sliding guide for the eraser Figure 3 1 St
41. ada Designed to fit same suggested board layout as relay _ 916 _ 270 MAX 2835 1 e 1 167 4 25 560 MAX 16 75 Dimensions are in inches over millimeters unless otherwise specified Dimensions are shown for reference purposes only Wiring Diagram Bottom View PC Board Layout Bottom View i 236 004 6 0 1 236 004 60 4 1 079 008 5 20 2 Hold Down Spring 20C430 spring is designed to secure SRUDH relay in 27 E1064 socket Specifications and availability subjed to change www tycoelectronics com Technical support 443 Refer to inside back cover 72 Page APPENDIX E 1N4001 DI ODE DATASHEET aaa FAIRCHILD _ SEMICONDUCTOR 1N4001 1N4007 200FNL LOOPNI Features Low drop High sarge carreatcapad 00 41 COLOR RRD DE NOTE 5 General Purpose Rectifiers Glass Passivated Absolute Maximum Ratings 4941 4945 404 4545 406 4007 Pex pee wn auo n om suu un Auerage it Ji5 kad bigti D 15 Peck Omar 54 He Curreat 51 9 Anar e Storage Tempe rati re Rai ge 55 175 Temperatere 55 0 175 T irri n
42. arched by other designers The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual model that describes the relationship of other studies to the design project Articles and previous design projects about the design s major components such as the use of assembly language parallel ports DC motors and SPDT relays are essential in creating the Automatic Whiteboard Eraser Parallel Ports According to a study entitled Interfacing a Standard Parallel Port the author stated that the parallel port is an elegant solution for interfacing a data acquisition device with a PC Parallel ports refer to ports conforming to a specification and later enhancements for what was originally known as the printer port The parallel port is divided into three parts the data port control port and status port The function to be used is highly dependent on the port being accessed whether it would be output only or write only input only or read only and the bi directional port which could read and write data on the ports 9 Page The control port which is the output only port contains eight usable ports or 8 bits of data The status port which is the input only port contains five usable ports or 5 bits of data The control port contains four usable ports or 4 bits of data that could either be an input or an output data Pin Register Name Direction I n Out 1 Control nSTROBE In
43. at aluminium bar 16 ft P 268 00 29 1 x 1 square hollow aluminium bar 15 ft P 20 00 ft Rollers 4 pcs P 35 00 pc Whiteboard chalkboard eraser 5 pcs P 21 00 pc Cloth 12 pcs P 50 00 3M Erasing Pad 6 pcs 59 75 These are the materials used for the relay module interface module and the whiteboard frame All four pieces of relays are to be used since the design makes use of two DC motors The main components of the interface module are the DB25 connector and header connectors These header connectors will serve as the data control and status ports of the DB25 connector The status port which is connected to the tact switches will be the inputs for the prototype These contain the different functions of the Automatic Whiteboard Eraser Two DC motors will be used to force the movement of the eraser With the two DC motors the eraser could easily be moved from its initial point to the left and versa 301 SOFTWARE DESIGN l System Flowchart START Button A Green Start Button B Yellow Reverse Button C Red Stop Button D White Exit Press Button A Signal will be processed by the computer and will proceed to the relay to activate the motor Continue movement of the eraser Limit Switch 1 Reverse Limit Switch 2 Stop Eraser moves to the other end of the board and approaches Limit Switch 1 Eraseristriggeredto g
44. be created independently and then used to drive multiple functionalities Parallel Interface there are multiple lines connecting the 1 0 module and the peripheral and multiple bits are transferred simultaneously just as all bits of a word are transferred simultaneously over the data bus Source Stallings W July 2005 Computer Organization and Architecture 7 ed Prentice Hall NJ USA Parallel port refers to ports conforming to a specification and later enhancements for what was originally known as the parallel printer adapter Source Gadre D V 1998 Programming the Parallel Port Interfacing the PC for Data Acquisition and Process Control R amp D Books Miller Freeman KS USA Printed Circuit Board PCB a rigid or flexible board on which an electrical circuit is etched and to which electronic components can be attached eliminating the need for complex wiring Sources Clark R H 1965 Handbook of Printed Circuits Manufacturing Van Nostrand Reinhold NY USA Coombs 1979 Printed Circuits Handbook McGraw Hill Handbooks Lindsey D 1982 The Design and Drafting of Printed Circuits revised edition McGraw Hill Higher Education Relay an electrically controlled switch that is used to open or close an electric circuit The switch can be actuated by various means 7 Page Electromechanical operation is the most common Sources Harper C 1977 Transistor and Integrated Electronics 4 ed McGraw Hill
45. by 0 03527 omnon OMRON ELECTRONIC OMRON ON LINE COMPONENTS LLC Global http www omron com 55 E Commerce Drive Suite USA http www components omron com Schaumburg IL 60173 847 882 2288 Cat No J01C E 01 01 07 Specifications subject to change without notice Printed in USA 10 Snap Action Switch SS 67 Page APPENDIX C 2N2222A NPN TRANSI STOR DATASHEET Micro Commercial Components Micro Commercial Components 20736 Marilla Street Chatsworth CA 91311 Phone 818 701 4933 Fax 818 701 4939 e High current max 800mA Low voltage max 40V NPN Switching Lead Free Finish RoHS Compliant Note 1 P Suffix designates s RoHS Compliant See ordering information Transisto rs Maximum Ratings 5 Collector Emitter Voltage 2N2222 2N2222A Rating Veso Collector Base Voltage 2N2222 60 2N2222A 75 6 0 Veso Emitter Base Voltage 2N2222 2N2222A lem len Storage Temperature 55to 150 Thermal Characteristics Rc Thermal Resistance Junction to Case Ra ThermalResistance Junction to Ambient 350 KW Electrical Characteristics 25 C Unless Otherwise Specified OFF CHARACTERISTICS Collector cut off current 50 0 2N2222 n de Vcs 50Vdc le 0 Ta 150C uAdc Vca 60Vde 1 0 2N2222A nAdc Vca7 60Vdc 1 70 T 2150 C 1 uAdc 0 Emitter Cut off current 10 nAdc EE 1 z0 Veg 3Vde DIMENSIONS
46. channel white pawdercact aluminium recte channel brawn powdercoat aluminium rebate channel brawn powdercoat aluminium recte channel brawn powdercoat aluminium recte channel brewn pawdercoct aluminium tile channel natural anodised CENORARCHITECTURAL 2005 56 Page ACCESSORIES 9JB steeltrack joining bracket zinc ad Fitted to align steel tracks which are butted together with carriers traversing the join carrier adaptor plate for particle board doors Adaptor plate used to secure top carrier plate to particle board chip board or OTS track stop zinc INSTALLATION FLOOR GUIDE Installation usingwall guide Separate to p plate from carrier fit top plate to doors feed carriere and stope into track fit track hang adjust carrier to align door fit guide adjust guide to rerrove excess play boate and tighten stops Installation using9SLG spring loaded guide Separate to p plate from carrier fit top plate to doorle fit bottom 6pring loaded guide in each bottom corner of door rail feed carriers and stope into track fit track and channel hang doors adjust carrier to align door locate and tighten stops CENTOR ARCHITECTURAL 2005 Tofit 1G guide 1 Fitecraw A 2 Rotate guide sideways to remove excess play then fit ecrew B b a mnn Used to stop doors at end of track or where two doors meet together single track 57 Page APPENDI X B
47. d The command prompt was opened locate and run the design2 exe Same procedure was done to the remaining tests See Appendix G Note value 1 on value 0 off Operation 1 Starting the movement of the eraser from the initial point Input First button Green Value specified 10000010 36 Page The programs worked by first initiating a stop signal having a similar value with the red button 0011100 After the delay it proceeded to the required value that would move the eraser Output in the interface module 00111000 10000010 Operation 2 Reversing the movement of the eraser Input Second button Yellow Value specified 01000001 For the reverse mode same concept as to the starting movement of the eraser was done except for the value specified Output in the interface module 00111000 gt 01000001 Operation 3 Stopping the eraser Input Third button Red Value specified 00011000 Output in the interface module 00111000 Operation of Limit Switch 1 Reversing the movement of the eraser Input Limit Switch 1 Right Value specified 01000010 Output in the interface module 00111000 01000001 This operation is the same as the yellow button 37 Page Operation of Limit Switch 2 Stopping the eraser Input Limit Switch 2 Left Value specified 00111000 Output in the interface module 00111000 In this test the designers were able to manipulate the values to be outputted by the interface module Accordi
48. design This in turn would lessen electronic waste brought upon the phasing out or obsoletion of electronic devices Simple applications can be automated to prevent straining of the arms and save time used in doing a particular task It opens the path for using low level language in interfacing the advantage of such would be that being the one closest to computer language it would be the fastest to execute Scope and Delimitations Scope Assembly language programming was used to manage the circuitry of the design 4 The erasing material that was chosen was able to remove the writings on the whiteboard surface for a certain period The speed would be the only factor of the design that could be varied The delay of the DC motors could be modified through the assembly program A pair of relays is used for each motor to manipulate the direction of its rotation Parallel port was used for the interfacing of the hardware circuitry to the computer Delimitations l In using this design the eraser should be attached to a board and could only be reattached to similar sized boards 2 Its application is limited to singular rectangular boards 3 For those that used two boards implementation of the design might damage the device since it was designed for use on single pieced boards 4 The design making use of pc interfacing could not be used during power interruptions 5 The eraser only moves horizontally from
49. e methods used to gather and analyze data that are essential to developing the project Methods such as secondary and constructive research were done to implement the design project This chapter also discusses the step by step procedure in creating the Automatic Whiteboard Eraser Design Methodology The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser was designed after gathering sufficient information from different sources Secondary research involves analysing the summary of previous studies articles and other existing research This research was done to obtain information about the components that can be used in creating the design This kind of research includes the summary collection or synthesis of existing researches or documents where significant data is collected This research occurs when a certain project needs a summary of existing data Data are obtained from secondary resources and these secondary resources include previous research reports magazines journal contents etc As to this 16 design there were useful components from numerous technical reports that can be used in creating the prototype Another method used is the constructive research This type of research demands a form of validation that does not need to be quite as empirically based Constructive research was done by setting objectives identification of the process model afterwards simulation testing and evaluation would then be implemented Secondary research
50. eel track Before starting any installation make sure that the frame is sufficiently strong and rigid to support the steel track Wipe the inside of the steel track completely clean to sustain the smooth operation of the wheel carrier I9 Page 7 The frame has a width of 42 1 and a height of 55 Measure 3 from the lower end of whiteboard then mark the sides of the frame The marked area will be the steel track s position 8 Since the steel track is a bit shorter for about 9 cm provide counter trim and flat bars which could hold the steel track and be able to attach it to the sides of the frame Make sure that the steel track is fixed on the frame 9 Screw the track stops on both ends of the steel track 10 To install another steel track on top of the frame measure 2 from the upper end of the whiteboard 11 Provide angled aluminium bars to hold the steel track since the stand only measures 55 high There must be enough space to put the A9T wheel carriers rollers and to install the customized eraser Make sure that these angled bars are strong enough to hold the steel track Figure 3 2 I nstalled steel bars 20 Part 2 Setting up the DC motors 12 Prepare the two DC motors plywood flat aluminium bars screw and rivets 13 Determine the center of the length of the board on both sides 14 Create a stand for the DC motors one on each side of the board by combining the aluminium bars to look
51. elow Figure 3 12 PCB Layout of the Relay Module 28 Page 3 List of Materials Component Quantity Price 12V SPDT Relay 4 pcs P 50 00 pc 3 3kQ Resistor 4 pcs P 0 25 pc 4 7kQ Resistor 4 pcs P 0 25 pc 470kQ Resistor 8 pcs P 1 50 2N222A NPN Transistor see Appendix C 4 pcs P 3 00 pc 40 pin Header connector 2 pcs P 16 00 pc 1N4001 Diode see Appendix E 4 pcs P 1 00 pc 22 Stranded wire red 20 ft P 4 00 ft 22 Stranded wire black 20 ft P 4 00 ft 5mm LEDs 12 pcs P 2 00 pc 4x6 Photo etch PCB 2 pcs P 90 00 pc 12 DC Adapter 1 pc P 168 00 pc Female DB25 Adapter 1 pc P 30 00 pc Parallel Port connector male 1 pc P 50 00 pc Tact Switch 4 pcs P 7 00 pc Push Button 4 pcs P 14 50 pc 6 pin Female connector 2 pcs P 12 00 pc 4 pin Female connector 2 pcs P 8 00 pc 2 pin Female connector 4 pcs P 4 00 pc 6 pin Male connector 1 pc P 9 00 pc 4 pin Male connector 1 pc P 7 50 pc 2 pin Male connector 2 pcs P 5 00 pc 35 x 24 whiteboard 1 pc P 570 00 12V DC Motor 2 pcs P 385 pc Nylon Cord 2 ft P 2 50 ft Custom Gear 2 pcs P 10 00 pc Conveyor belt rubber 1 pc P 350 00 pc Limit Switch roller 2 pcs P 30 00 pc Centor A9T Sliding System 1 pc P 1 999 75 1m steel track see Figure 3 1 2 pcs P 350 00 pc 1 8 x 1 x 1 angled aluminium bar 3 ft P 50 00 ft 1 wide counter trim aluminium bar 3 ft P 10 00 ft 1 wide fl
52. employees and strictly prevent disclosure to any third party Performance Data Performance data is provided as a guide in determining suitability and does not constitute awarranty Itmay represent the result of Seller s test conditions gt e and the users must correlate it to actual application requirements Product specifications and description may be changed at any time based on improvements or other reasons It is Seller s practice to change part numbers when published ratings or features are changed or when significant engineering changes are made However some specifications of the Product may be changed without any notice The information on Seller s website or in other documentation has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate however no responsibility is assumed for clerical typographical or proofreading errors or omissions Buyer shall comply with all applicable laws regulations and licenses 6 Export Controls regarding a export of the Products or information provided by Seller b sale of Products to forbidden or other proscribed persons or organizations c disclosure to non citizens of regulated technology or information MISCELLANEOUS 1 gt wn Waiver No failure or delay by Seller in exercising any right and no course of dealing between Buyer and Seller shall operate as a waiver of rights by Seller Assignment Buyer may not assign its rights hereunder without Seller s
53. ents which are inconsistent with or in addition to these received are due net 30 days unless otherwise stated in the invoice Buyer shall have no Buyer after deducting transportation charges taxes and duties and will be allowed only if a the invoice is paid according to Seller s payment terms and b Buyer has no past Interest Seller at its option may charge Buyer 1 5 interest per month or the maximum Financial If the financial position of Buyer at any time becomes unsatisfactory to Seller Seller reserves the right to stop shipments or require satisfactory security or payment in eller at which point title to and all risk of loss of the Products shall pass from Seller to Buyer provided that Seller shall retain a security interest in the 5 c Energy control systems combustion systems railroad systems aviation systems medical equipment amusement machines vehicles safety equipment and installations subject to separate industry or government regulations d Systems machines and equipment that could present a risk to life or property Prohibited Use NEVER USE THE PRODUCT FOR AN APPLICATION INVOLVING SERIOUS RISK TO LIFE OR PROPERTY WITHOUT ENSURING THAT THE SYSTEM AS A WHOLE HAS BEEN DESIGNED TO ADDRESS THE RISKS AND THAT THE PRODUCT IS PROPERLY RATED AND INSTALLED FOR THE INTENDED USE WITHIN THE OVERALL EQUIPMENT OR SYSTEM Motorized Vehicle Applicaton USE OF ANY PRODUCT S FOR A MOTORIZED APPLICATION MUST B
54. esses for the three ports in the printer adapter 11 Movement of the Fe ah 38 Time consumed in using Whiteboard Chalkboard Eraser 39 Time consumed in using cloth scs ca eed a cx ror Coat ar kit bia RU ER RN 40 Time consumed in using Erasing Pad 41 Time consumed and number of rounds using Erasing Pad 42 vilPage Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 Figure 3 8 LIST OF FI GURES TOT IP TT 19 I stalled steel Dars s doo re d aee o e rt a tr 20 DC motor eon 21 Parts of the eraser older us pectora Dep b er Y PT ek e al E CAS 22 Customized whiteboard eraser E c o ets 22 Two 1 wide counter trim bars attached to the conveyor belt 23 Interface DB25 25 Relay cou ees 26 Figure 3 9 Relay Module to Interface DB25 Module 27 Figure 3 10 Relay Module to DC Motor 27 Figure 3 11 PCB Layout of the Interface DB25 Module 28 Figure 3 12 PCB Layout of the Relay Module
55. fect at time of shipment Payments for Products right to set off any amounts against the amount owing in respect of this invoice Discounts Cash discounts if any will apply only on the net amount of invoices sent to due amounts owing to Seller gt legal rate whichever is less on any balance not paid within the stated terms Orders Seller will accept no order less than 200 U S dollars net billing ies If the prices quoted herein are in a currency other than U S dollars Buyer shall make remittance to Seller at the then current exchange rate most favorable to us Seller provided that if remittance is not made when due Buyer will convert the amount to U S dollars at the then current exchange rate most favorable to Seller available during the period between the due date and the date remittance is actually made Buyer shall be responsible for all costs involved in obtaining any government approvals regarding the importation or sale of the Products Taxes All taxes duties and other governmental charges olher than general real property and income taxes including any interest or penalties thereon imposed directly or indirectly on Seller or required to be collected directly or indirectly by Seller for the X manufacture production sale delivery importation consumption or use of the Products sold hereunder including customs duties and sales excise use tumover and license taxes shall be charged to and
56. he user can continue his her work Part 4 Determining the appropriate size of the whiteboard The designers previously used larger whiteboard with dimensions of 46 x 24 with a larger frame with dimensions of 61 x 48 However numerous problems were encountered First transporting the prototype was a nuisance since it could only fit in a van Second not all the areas of the whiteboard could be erased considering the position of the DC motors and the length of the previous conveyor belt There was so much space wasted on the sides of the board that is almost 5 In order to lessen these problems the 46 x 24 board 44 was reduced to 35 x 24 at the same time reducing the size of the frame to 55 x 42 The area of the board which could be erased is dependent on the length of the conveyor belt Searching for the exact size of the conveyor belt is not easy The expected size of the belt is 42 so that all areas of the board could be erased However there was no available conveyor belt with that size A shorter size of the conveyor belt was used but still it is enough for the gear to handle and it is better than a longer one It is easier to reduce the distance between the DC motors to comply with the shorter belt than to extend the distance to use the longer belt 45 Page Chapter 5 CONCLUSI ON AND RECOMMENDATI ON This chapter shows the overall conclusion of the design project with respect to the objective
57. ii Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION 1 s ouod SC une Lo AM are 1 Statement of the 2 Objectives of the Design au Gades egeta bU 3 Significance and Impact of the Design 3 Scope 4 Definition oft Ter MS iat 6 Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED 9 Parallel PONS mE 9 Interfacing Parallel Ports using Assembly Language 11 DC Motors and SPDT Relays 13 Chapter 3 DESIGN METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES ie e ds 16 Design Methodology UP UE 16 Design Procedures 17 Hardware Design dh tis du vo Fax dus ER al 24 1 Block Diagratti COR ERG dci eR Ves 24 2 Schematic dots 25 Materiale 29 Software tan 31 Flowchart vuv t EU PAR 31 2 nteltacePrOUFBITI use Dona tu 32 iviPage Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
58. like the figure below Figure 3 3 DC motor stand 15 Prepare the conveyor belt Insert the belt to the DC motors and stretch it to its maximum 16 Position the DC motors to the center of the length of the board considering how long the conveyor belt reaches its maximum 17 Attach the motors to the stand Part 3 Creating the customized whiteboard eraser l Prepare the eraser to be used 1 wide counter trim and flat aluminium bars Mighty Bond screw and screwdriver 2 Measure the writing surface vertically The acquired dimension will be used to prepare the eraser holder The eraser holder will be using a 1 wide counter trim aluminium bar Make four of these bars 21 Note Two counter trim bars will be used as the eraser holder and the other two will be used as support at the back of the board which will be attached to the conveyor belt 3 Using the 1 wide counter trim and flat aluminium bars create a connection between the eraser holder and the support which will later be used to connect to the wheel carrier on the steel bar See figures below Figure 3 4 a Figure 3 4 b Figure 3 5 Customized whiteboard eraser Part 4 Attaching the customized eraser to the conveyor belt 1 Prepare at least 2 of a 2 wide counter trim aluminium bar 2 Saw the center part of the counter trim at least a half inch and fold it 22 Page 3 Screw the sides of the 2 wide counter trim bar to the sides of the support
59. mand line type design2 exe 81 REVERSE MODE EXIT PROGRAM STOP ERASER 8 Once the white button is pressed type exit on the command line to end the Command prompt session 9 To turn off the equipment make sure that the program has been terminated before disconnecting the parallel port and the power cord Note Check if the frame of the eraser is in its normal orientation which is in the left side of the whiteboard Replacing the eraser 1 Unscrew the eraser holder 2 Cut 1 thick of the 3M Erasing Pad and insert it to the eraser holder 3 Screw the eraser holder back to the support 82 Page
60. n and Drafting of Printer Circuits revised edition McGraw Hill Higher Education Pollack H June 1980 Transistor Theory and Circuits Made Simple McGraw Hill NJ USA Self C R 1979 Welding Brazing and Soldering Stallings W July 2005 Computer Organization and Architecture 77 Edition Prentice Hall New Jersey USA 501 APPENDI CES APPENDIX A CENTOR ARCHITECTURAL A9T SLIDING SYSTEM APPENDIX B LIMIT SWITCH HINGE ROLLER LEVER DATASHEET APPENDIX C 2N2222A NPN TRANSISTOR DATASHEET APPENDIX D SRUDH SS 112D1 SPDT RELAY DATASHEET APPENDIX E 1N4001 DIODE DATASHEET APPENDIX F PARALLEL PORT APPENDIX G AUTOMATIC WHITEBOARD ERASER QUICK USER S GUIDE 511Page APPENDIX A CENTOR ARCHI TECTURAL A9T SLI DI NG SYSTEM A9T ARCHITECTURAL DETAIL ALUMINIUMTRACK 9F 001 DXF STEELTRACK F 002 DKF _ 2 versions of carrier available Oo4CCSM Stainless brackets Plated bearings 94CCSS Stainless brackets Stainless bearings SC FLOOR CHANNEL ON CONCRETE CARPET ORTIMBER 9F 003 DXF FLOOR GUIDE INTILE 9F 004 DXF CENTOR ARCHITECT URAL 2008 52 FLOOR GUIDE INTIMIBEI 1G GROOVE GUIDE ONTIMBER FLOOR 9 005 DXF 9F 006 DXF 1GW GROOVE GUIDE ON WALL EXPANDING GUIDE ON TIMBER FLOOR 9F 007 DXF 9F 008 DXF TEGA EXPANDING GUIDE ON WALL EXPANDING GUIDE ON WALL 9F 009 DXF 9F O10 DX
61. n life or c whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS Definition of Terms support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness Formative or In Design Advance Information Preliminary First Production No Identification Needed Full Production Obsolete Not In Production This datasheet contains the design specifications for product development Specifications may change in any manner without notice This datasheet contains preliminary data and supplementary data will be published at a later date Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design This datasheet contains final specifications Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design This datasheet contains specifications on a product that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor The datasheet is printed for reference information only 75 APPENDIX PARALLEL PORT Looking into Parallel port socket on PC D7 06 05 04 D3 D2 D1 DO 9 8 7 9 5 4 9 2 9 69 69 63 62 5 56 55 54 s3 2
62. ng to the data acquired the output corresponds to the specified value for the designated operations These values represent the operation of the automatic eraser The results of the limit switches are the same as those on the second and third buttons for they have the same operations Part 2 Movement of the DC motors This test determined if the relay circuit complied with the program created Component Function Green button Start left to right v Yellow button Limit Switch 1 Right Reverse right to left v Red button Limit Switch 2 Left Stop Table 4 1 Movement of the DC Motors The data shows that the components complied with the program The motors moved depending on which component was pressed 38 Page Part 3 Manual and Automatic Erasing In this test the designers determined how much time was used in erasing a 35 x 24 whiteboard both manually and automatically n manual erasing three kinds of erasers were used for testing to determine which among them was the best material for the design project After gathering the results the appropriate eraser was tested again for automatic erasing to determine how many rounds were needed to erase the contents of the board Note 4 This test was done without replacing the material used or cleaning it during the test 5 1 round the movement of the eraser from left to right and back to its initial point left Manual Erasing Material
63. o back to its initial point left Eraser approaches Limit Switch 2 Eraser is triggered to a stop Continue using the eraser Press Button C NO Exit application The figure shows the detailed operation of the design project The user will have to press the push button indicating the start function to begin the eraser s operation He could either let it continue or stop its movement There are also limit switches that have the same operations as the other two stopping and reversing the eraser s movement If the user lets the eraser move it could 31 approach the limit switch and reverse its movement The user could also stop the movement in the middle of its operation or it could reverse it immediately 2 Interface Program model small Stack 200h code BEGIN MOV AL MOV DX 03BCH OUT DX AL MOV CX 0000H MOV BX 0000H STARTO MOV AL MOV DX 03BDH IN AL DX MOV AL AL XOR AL 01111111b CMP AL 00001000b JE OUTLEFT CMP AL 00010000b JE OUTRIGHT CMP AL 00100000b JE OUTMID CMP AL 10000000b 32 Page td OUTTER OUTTER OUTLEF OUTRIG OUTTER EXIT CMP MOV MOV OUT ADD JMP g g 4 MOV Ze CALL MOV MOV OUT JMP MOV MOV 1 BH 40H OUTTER3 AL 00111000b DX 03BCH DX AL 01H OUTTER BL 01000001b OUTRIGHTAI BL 10000
64. project that automatically erases the contents of a whiteboard with only a push of a button Such project would save time and effort compared to manual work Background Erasing writings on whiteboards is tiresome Having to erase all the writings manually from one end to the other end causes hassle and wastes too much energy on the part of the one using it Lecturers would waste time and tend to get exhausted and would get sore muscles after doing the work One application where the design originated is a toy which erases whatever is written on the small board The toy contains an inner black material surfaced with a thin cotton sheet and then topped with a plastic sheet Any metallic pointed object can be used as a pen since the black material underneath the board will serve as the ink for the pen Inside the toy is a long thin plastic object which is the eraser attached to the controller The automatic whiteboard eraser tends to have almost the same feature as the toy However it will be 11 used on full sized boards which means the design will only be applicable on whiteboards with no cuts in the middle The design s intended application is simply to erase whatever is written on the whiteboard without straining oneself The design would automate the erasing of whiteboard s contents An eraser with the height of the writing surface of the board would be used It will be attached to the board and using the interface the
65. r s Manual The equipment has dropped or damaged The equipment has obvious sign of breakage 79 Getting Started Equipment Specifications Port One 25 pin parallel port Programming Language Assembly Language Motor Two 12 volt DC bi directional motors Indicators Eight LEDs Board 35 x 24 whiteboard Eraser 3M Erasing Pad Frame and Stand Counter trim and angled aluminium bars 80 Hardware Setup This part provides you with the information about hardware setup procedures While doing the installation be careful in holding the components and follow the installation procedures For some components if you install in the wrong orientation the components will not work properly Procedures for setting up and operation of the Automatic Whiteboard Eraser 1 Make sure that the parallel cord of the equipment is securely connected to the computer s parallel port and the equipment s power cord in securely connected to an outlet Check if the frame of the eraser is on the left side of the board and not touching the limit switch located at the back of the whiteboard Power on the computer on which the equipment is connected to Ensure that the computer is working properly before running the program Double click the step1 icon on the desktop In the command prompt type the shortcut initialize This keyword goes to the location of the application needed to run the prototype On the com
66. ree 1 35 to holes or M2 3 0 21 1 5 dia holes 325 9 5301 0 13 9 5101 0 3740 004 1 6 0 06 16 1 0 1 0 6340 004 Note Unless otherwise specified a tolerance of 40 4 mm applies to all dimensions 6 Snap Action Switch SS 63 Unit mm inch Terminals General Purpose Type PCB terminal straight vertical D PCB terminal parallel to right D2 Note Thickness of all the terminals is 0 5 mm Soldered terminal blank Quick connect tab 4110 terminal T Three 1 2 dia 6 44 1 6 dia NC 0 25 holes 0 13 terminal COM terminal 19 8 NO terminal terminal 0 78 terminal Snap Action Switch SS 7 64 Omron Electronic Components LLC Terms and Conditions of Sales GENERAL 1 Definitions The words used herein are defined as follows a Tems These terms and conditions b Seller Omron Electronic Components LLC and its subsidiaries c Buyer The buyer of Products including any end user in section III through VI d Products Products and or services of Seller e Including Including without limitation These Terms are deemed part of all quotations acknowledgments Terms 3 Distributor Any distributor shall inform its customer of the contents after and including section 111 of these Terms L SALES Prices Payment All prices stated are current subject to change without notice by Seller Buyer agrees to pay the price in ef
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68. rm C contact arrangements Immersion cleanable sealed version available Applications include appliance HVAC security system garage opener control emergency lighting Catalog 1308242 Issued 3 03 PDF Rev 4 03 oEG SRU DH series 12 Amp Miniature Power PC Board Relay Appliances HVAC Office Machines AA UL File No E82292 CSA File No LR48471 4 TUV File No R60271 Users should thoroughly review the technical data before selecting a product part number It is recommended that user also seek out the pertinent approvals files of the agencies laboratcries and review them to ensure the product meets the requirements for a given application Contact Data 20 Arrangements 1 Form A SPST NO and 1 Form C SPDT Material Ag Alloy Max Switching Rate 300 ops min no load 30 ops min rated load Expected Mechanical Life 10 million operations load Expected Electrical Life 100 000 operations rated load Minimum Load 100 5VDC Initial Contact Resistance 100 milliohms 1 6VDC Contact Ratings Ratings 12A 120VAC resistive 10A 240VAC resistive 10A 28VDC resistive 4A 120VAC inductive coso 0 4 4A 28VDC inductive UR 7msec Max Switched Voltage AC 240V DC 28V Max Switched Current 12A Max Switched Power 2 400VA 300W Initial Dielectric Strength Between Open Contacts 750 50 60 Hz 1 minute Between Coil and Contacts 1 500 50 60 Hz 1 minute
69. s and other reasons It is our prac tice to change part numbers when published ratings or features are changed or when significant construction changes are made However some specilica tions of the Product may be changed without any notice When in doubt spe cial part numbers may be assigned to lix or establish key specifications for your application Please consult with your Seller representative at any time to confirm actual specilications of purchased Product Errors and Omissions The information in this publication has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate however no responsibility is assumed Tor clerical typographical or proofreading errors or omissions RoHS Where indicated our products currently comply to the best of our knowledge as of the date of this publication with the requirements of the European Union s Directive on the Restriction of certain Hazardous Substances RoHS although the requirements of RoHS do not take effect until July 2006 These requirements may be subject to change Please consult our website lor current information Snap Action Switch SS 9 66lPage Complete Terms and Conditions of Sale for product purchase and use are on Omron s website at http Avww components omron com under the About Us tab in the Legal Matters section ALL DIMENSIONS SHOWN ARE IN MILLIMETERS To convert millimeters into inches multiply by 0 03937 To convert grams into ounces multiply
70. s stated on the first chapter The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser complied with the specified objectives addressed in the first chapter After the conducted tests the designers have come up with some recommendations to improve the prototype These recommendations address the delimitations stated in the first chapter Conclusion The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser is a design project created through PC interfacing using assembly program This assembly program based on the test results was able to manipulate the movement of the prototype The values for each function of the prototype complies with the values specified in the program thus sending signal to the relays and activate the DC motors The inputs for the prototype are connected to the push buttons which contain the different functions With this the user would only press these buttons to activate the prototype Among the three materials used as eraser 3M Erasing Pad proved to be a better eraser used for the prototype Based on the results the material could absorb more marker stains compared to the other materials However if it is used nonstop it will be damaged and slows the performance of the prototype 46lPage The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser erases the contents of the board without the user exerting much effort and saves time After testing the prototype s performance it is determined that the speed of doing manual erasing is faster than automatic erasing However this could not be
71. shortage or damage to the Products occurring before delivery to the carrier must be presented in detail in writing to Seller within 30 days of receipt of shipment Ill PRECAUTIONS 1 Suitability IT IS THE BUYER S SOLE RESPOINSIBILITY TO ENSURE THAT ANY OMRON PRODUCT IS FIT AND SUFFICIENT FOR USE IN A MOTORIZED VEHICLE APPLICATION BUYER SHALL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR DETERMINING APPROPRIATENESS OF THE PARTICULAR PRODUCT WITH RESPECT TO THE BUYER S APPLICATION INCLUDING A ELECTRICAL OR ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS B CIRCUITS C SYSTEM ASSEMBLIES D END PRODUCT E SYSTEM F MATERIALS OR SUBSTANCES OR G OPERATING ENVIRONMENT Buyer acknowledges that it alone has determined that the Products will meet their requirements of the intended use in all cases Buyer must know and observe all prohibitions of use applicable to the Product s 1 The followings are some examples of applications for which particular attention must be given This is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all use of any Product nor to imply that any use listed may be suitable for any roduct a Outdoor use use involving potential chemical contamination or electrical interference b Use in consumer Products or any use in significant quantities invoices purchase orders and other documents whether electronic or in writing relating to the sale of Products by Seller Seller hereby objects to any Terms proposed in Buyer s purchase order or other docum
72. t be used before pressing the reverse button The Reverse button will cause the motor to run continuously in the opposite direction or until the stop button is used Collinson A 1995 The motor reversing circuit for operating a bi directional motor includes the standard H bridge relay circuit which includes a first and a second relay The first relay is capable of operatively engaging a first contact at a first time period IS Pase to provide a first connection of the motor to a power source to operate the motor in a first mode The second relay is capable of operatively engaging a second contact at a second time period to provide a second connection of the motor to the power source to operate the motor in a second mode The motor reversing circuit further includes a switch having at least one contact operatively engaging the first or second relay for effectuating the first or second connection respectively A third relay is operatively associated with the switch to provide a third connection of the motor to the power source as at least one contact operatively engages the first or second relay The third connection is disconnected prior to disconnection of the first or second connection Feil P G Vaughn T H 2000 System and method for permanent magnet DC motor reversing the system including multiple relays and a control switch electrically interconnected 50 as to provide an open circuit to the motor when the motor is off In one
73. the automatic eraser To provide a mechanism in which with only a push of a button the user could set the eraser to move and erase the contents of the board To use the preferred material that could easily erase the writings on the board Significance and I mpact of the Design The Automatic Whiteboard Eraser will be useful to lecturers who often use whiteboards as medium in imparting knowledge to listeners It will lessen the time and energy required to erase the board especially for those who have very long lectures It would be of great help for them since they would not be 3 Page wasting time in erasing the board and they would have more time to spend in lecturing Automation is very much of use in this age As with the flow of the technology the significance of carrying out the design is to provide a better quality of doing such work Upgrading manual application of erasing to automatic application is in line with the trend of the modern era where simple manual applications are modified or upgraded to lessen the time used in doing the work The operations that would be required to move the eraser through the board surface that could be implemented using sub circuits were implemented using pc interfacing thereby reducing the need for a bigger circuit The design s influence to society would be that project designers could make use of personal computers to integrate their innovations to limit the need to create hardware for their
74. urpose 5 max Standard rivet contacts Actuator Pin plunger Hinge lever Simulated roller lever Formed hinge lever Hinge roller lever Actuator Pin plunger Hinge lever Simulated roller lever Formed hinge lever Hinge roller lever Model Soldered rab 170 OF 502 53520 sssro 555202 55 sser 1505 sesD 3357 8852 885 SSsr SS5GLF SSGLT SS 5GLT 55 56112 02 SSSGLISF 5 50113 Eog 5350530 35541351 38591302 535053 56501127 i g 53501420 1 835942 86 50114 5656414 _ 55561147 555012 SS SGLz FT 504 Ss sGL2D SS sGL2Di 55 500202 55 5002 55 50127 10 1 A max Standard rivet contacts Soldered fab 110 Straight vertical Parallel to lef Paralleltoright terminal 89 55 ss ioarr fesas 564061137 5 E og ss ss ostzr Specifications Characteristics Switch type General purpose Operating speed see note 3 0 1 mm to 1 m second 0 004 to 39 4 in second Operating frequency 400 operations per minute pin plunger actuator type Electrical 60 operations per minute pin plunger actuator type Insulation resistance 100 at 500 VDC Dielectric strength 600 VAC 50 60 Hz for 1 minute see note 1 Others 1 000 VAC 50 60 Hz for 1 minute between terminals of same polarity 21 1 500
75. w data is available 10 nAuto Linefeed it instructs the printer to automatically insert a line feed for each carriage return 11 Reset nINIT this control is used to reset the printer 12 nSelect Input it is used to indicate to the printer that it is selected Note The 4 bit output port can be configured as a 4 bit input port All 17 lines are accessible under program control and can be used for TTL signal level data transfer in to and out of the PC One benefit of the parallel port 73 lPage is that the IEEE has continued to improve the parallel port specification while at the same time retaining backward compatibility with the original parallel port Source Programming the Parallel Port Interfacing the PC for Data Acquisition and Process Control by Dhananjay V Gandre 78 APPENDI X G AUTOMATI C WHI TEBOARD ERASER QUI CK USER S GUI DE Safety nstructions Always read the safety instructions carefully Keep this User s Manual for future reference Place the power cord such a way that people cannot step on it Do not place anything over the power cord Never pour any liquid into any openings that could damage or cause electrical shock If any of the following situations arises get the equipment checked by a service personnel The power cord or plug is damaged Liquid has penetrated into the equipment The equipment has not worked well or you cannot get it work according to Use
76. written consent Law These Terms are governed by Illinois law without regard to conflict of laws Federal and state courts in Illinois have exclusive jurisdiction for any dispute hereunder These Terms constitute the entire agreement between Buyer and Seller relating to the Products and no provision may be changed or waived unless in writing signed by the parties ility If any provision hereof is rendered ineffective or invalid such provision shall not invalidate any other provision 8 Snap Action Switch SS 65 omnon Certain Precautions on Specifications and Use Suitability for Use Seller shall not be responsible for conformity with any stan dards codes or regulations which apply to the combination of the Product in Buyer s application or use of the Product At Buyer s request Seller will vide applicable third party certification documents identitying ratings and limi tations of use which apply to the Product This information by itself is not sullicient for a complete determination of the suitability of the Product in com bination with the end product machine system or other application or use Buyer shall be solely responsible for determining appropriateness of the par ticular Product with respect to Buyer s application product or system Buyer shall take application responsibility in all cases but the following 15 a non exhaustive list of applications for which particular attention must be given i
77. zed to use and is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all such trademarks ACEx FAST 9 OPTOLOGIC Bottomless FASTr OPTOPLANAR CoolFET FRFETM PACMAN CROSSVOLT GlobalOptoisolator POP DenseTrench GTO Power247 DOME HiSeC PowerTrench 9 EcoSPARK ISOPLANAR QFET E CMOS LittleFE T 7M CIS TM EnSigna MicroFET QT Optoelectronics FACT MicroPak Quiet Series FACT Quiet Series MICROWIRE SILENT SWITCHER STAR POWER is used under license DISCLAIMER SMART START STAR POWER Stealth SuperSOT 3 SuperSOT 6 SuperSOT 8 SyncFET TinyLogic TruTranslation UHC UltraFET 9 VCX FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREINTO IMPROVE RELIABILITY FUNCTION OR DESIGN FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION As used herein 1 Life support devices or systems are devices or 2 A critical component is any component of a life systems which a are intended for surgical implant into the body or b support or sustai

Automatic Whiteboard Eraser Interfaced Using Assembly Language

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