J.no. 1001 - Danfoss - Test report v. 1.2 - incl. app.
Contents
1. DANETV Ea DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE ETV Test Report Ans Solvarme Vacpipe Open End 15 180 30 Danish Technological Institute Refrigeration and Heat Pump Technology J no 1202 Test no 1 Type test Version 1 2 DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 1 Table of contents 1 Table of contents sissies ci e ona ee E n ARE ON EN EEE ENEE AAEE 2 2 IMtHOUUCHOM rece ine arnore anr A E I EE E E a 3 2 1 Verification Protocol REFErENCE i nts 3 2 2 Name and Contact Of Vendor 0 cee nnn nnn EEE EEE EEE 3 2 3 Name of Centre Test RESPONnsiDle cccccecee ese e eee kk kk kk kk esas RER ERE NERE NERE RER ERE NERE RER 3 2 4 ENDE REG FRR eer 3 Si TES DESIGN faved a ran a oE ae eoute E E nectar er R aan seer 3 3 1 Tee SILC ss cthereciecteanie eric pena M eerie etree eric DRM Pe eMe ete eee eric neeeete 4 3 2 Type Of SIC Ces FEE En aut bie meurietanaeinetes 4 3 3 Address ES sited cos ced a aE E PbS condones Gin ots coed nab aduedntes oon RS Ea 4 3 4 DESCKIDUONS siiscricinecienrentiveiedacaeereuelerebedenekors yeidiens Gane a a mere le 4 3 5 TESTS a ateanguin E E E E E E A E A E 5 3 5 1 Test MethodSiy ossistccetu a E E a E A en EEA ERN a 5 3 5 2 TeSt Stalliniceiceceeter cies a tenia AE RE ETE EEE ODE 5 3 5 3 Test Sched ull Qwicecisseciviatieosiiewiviviwew reteset vivitar ete 5 3 5 4 Test EGUIPIM EN Bic esmi aene N EN aatedaienwtenereantean aman teenies 5 3 5 5 Operation Conditions oo EERE EEE Ene 6 3 5 6 Oper2. content of the wall layers 23 l DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 5 Compare the results with the file XXX for the relative humidity and the file XXX for the moisture content and evaluate the solar panel effects These parameters can be recovered by pressing the button file gt export gt files gt table Apply this formula for the whole column and then make a monthly average hour per hour Open the BSIM file XXX and implement the two monthly averages of the mass flow rate and the power furnish in the Bsim program In order to do this you should implement the mass flow rate as an infiltration rate and add this mass flow rate to the natural air infiltration Please note that the infiltration rate is set up as a volume of the house hour and not as a volume flow Enter the values into the schedule month per month The power furnish is implemented as a heating load in the same way as the mass flow rate Details concerning each step are described below Raw Data The raw data material consists of a named file with time stamped series of logged measurements with a preamble lt vendor name gt lt run number X gt txt The raw data file is imported to Microsoft Excel using the Excel file import dialog discarding the preamble line 1 102 The imported data file is named lt vendor name gt lt run number X gt xls and saved as a workbook Average Hourly Solar Radiance Using a photovoltaic simulation program the average ho
3. measurement series thorough reviews were performed as described in Appendix 5 5 Data Management 5 1 Data Storage Transfer and Control The data to be compiled and stored are summarized in table below Analytical raw data were filed and archived according to the specifications of the quality management system Data type Data media Data recorder Data recording Data storage time Test plan and Protected PDF Test responsible When approved Files and report Files archives at DTI Log files In house file Technician DTI During Files and format collection archives at DTI Calculations In house Test responsible During Files and application calculation archives at DTI excel file Final result and Protected PDF Test responsible After testing Files and verification files archives at DTI report 6 Quality Assurance 6 1 Test Plan Review Internal review of the test plan is made by Bjarke Paaske BJPA External review of the test plan was made by the expert stated in chapter 1 4 Verification of this test report was performed by the verification center at Danish Technological Institute 6 2 Performance Control The appliance was thoroughly tested for functioning before the verification tests were initiated 6 3 Test System Control Test and measuring equipment was checked against references or calibrated to ensure accurate values as described in appendix 4 In house test meth
4. Inds t Sidelayout Formler Data Gennemse Vis Udvikler Tilf jelsesprogrammer D16 bd fe 315 A B C yy E F G H I J K 1 Calculation of ventilation heating and drying capability 2 3 Building parameters 4 Window area g south 42 m Varmeoverf koeff 7 692 Wim 5 Area of house 75 m Heat capacity 4640625 J K 6 Area of facades and roof 150 m 7 U value to ground 0 2 Wim K Average ground temperature 10 C 8 U value to ambient 0 5 Wim K Amplitude ground temperature 12K 9 Internal volume 175 m Hour with lowest ground temperature 1080 h 10 Infiltration rate 0 1 h 1 11 humidity ratio hr 1 9 q Moisture exchanging mass 101 25 kg humidity ratio 12 Indoor temperature hr 1 Relative humidity hr 1 0 67351969 Indoor tempera 13 Relative humidity hr 1 bui 0 14817433 14 15 Solar air heater parameters Ventilator start ingidience 316 wim 17 Max meassured rradienc 756 5 Wim 18 19 Ventilation polfnomial y 0 000000014118509x 0 0000349J78176708x 0 031052590374608x 12 388375465158300x 1 733 990204895730000 20 nth order coedficient 5 4 I 21 exponent Map 1 41 08 44E 05 3 11E 02 12 388 1733 990 22 23 Temperature p ynomial _y 0 000000000482022x4 0 000091406326847x3 0 001445778627134x2 0 607451264645291x 97 325508603654900 24 nth order coeeffi 5 4 I 2 1 K 25 exponent m 4 82E 10 1 41E 06 0 001446 0 60745
5. in Taastrup Denmark 3 2 Type of Site The solar energy test site at Danish Technological Institute in Taastrup is a site used for various solar energy related field tests as well as for research and development The site has a south facing facility building which is shade free year round 3 3 Addresses The address of the site is Danish Technological Institute Refrigeration and Heat Pump Technology Gregersensvej DK 2630 Taastrup 3 4 Descriptions Open loop solar air heaters are characterized by simple devices which require very little or no maintenance They usually consist of three major parts 1 Either a cabinet with a translucent cover or a fixture with a heat pipe array 2 A solar cell 3 A ventilator with or without a temperature regulated controller When the solar cell powers the ventilator cold outdoor air is driven through air channels which are irradiated whereby the air is heated Subsequently the heated air is channeled into the summer house or garage whereby it is ventilated heated dried or a combination these see Figure 1 l oaen DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Heated air gt Air heater Cold air J Figure 1 Drawing depicting the function of a solar air heater 3 5 Tests 3 5 1 Test Methods The applied test method is described in Appendix 4 In house test methods 3 5 2 Test Staff The test staff is Emil Jakobsen Sampling and reporting Hans Wallge Head of labora
6. special health safety and waste issues Work during testing complied with the general rules regarding safety at Danish Technological Institute 4 Reference Analysis 4 1 Analytical Laboratory No external analytical laboratories were used for this verification process All measuring and data processing were executed by the test staff at Danish Technological Institute The test subbody was responsible for the following e That the performance test was carried out according to the test plan e That the data processing was carried out according to the methods described in the test plan e That adequate internal reviews were performed on both test setup and data processing e That all procedures were carried out according to the Centre Quality Manual 4 2 Analytical Parameters The parameters processed to verify the effect of the product were Air Heater e Ambient temperature and air heater outlet temperatures Tamb and Tout e Air velocity of air through outlet channel Vout e Solar irradiance planar to the air heater G 4 3 Analytical Methods Data related to the performance of the air heater were processed according to the description in Appendix 5 In house data processing panew DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 4 4 Analytical Performance Requirements A specially designed Excel spreadsheet file was used to calculate the performance of the measured parameters related to the air heater Due to the large number of different
7. this standard mainly deals with the robustness and thermal effectiveness of liquid heating collectors Therefore it is not applicable for open loop solar air heaters Other previous tests of open loop air heaters mainly centered on the effectiveness of the air heater are very technical and not directly applicable for the intended end user homeowner Therefore the DANETV test focuses on the verification of the vendor claims The vendor claims are often related to energy savings improved ventilation improved indoor climate or the like Furthermore in order to give a better idea of how the solar air heater performs in an actual setting a test rig has been built to simulate real running conditions comparable to those present when the air heater is mounted vertically on the side of a house or garage Establishing the actual performance characteristics of the air heater has a great advantage over laboratory tests with forced ventilation through the solar air heater as the fans are known to be very sensitive to pressure losses both related to the heater itself and the downstream hot air channel Tests performed on different models and makes are comparable by means of calculations based on data from the test rig and on regional climate data design reference year data Type Testing Procedure The following tests are to be carried out by an independent ISO 17025 testing laboratory One sample of the appliance to be tested is required for testing
8. verification environmental technology Environmental technology The practical application of The term technology covers a knowledge in the variety of products processes environmental area systems and services Evaluation Evaluation of test data for a None technology product for performance and data quality Experts Independent persons qualified These experts may be technical for the technology in the experts QA experts for other verification ETV systems or regulatory experts Matrix The type of material that the Matrices could be cooling systems cabinets heat 13 gt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE provides rules guidelines or characteristics for tests or analysis Word DANETV Comments on the DANETV approach product is intended for exchangers etc Method Generic document that An in house method may be used in the absence of a standard if prepared in compliance with the format and contents required for standards Performance claim The effects foreseen by the vendor on the target s in the matrix of intended use None Performance parameters Parameters that can be documented quantitatively in tests and that provide the relevant information on the performance of an environmental technology product The performance parameters must be established considering the application s of the product the requirements of society regulations custome
9. workflows which are linked together for a final result 1 Collecting data and constructing a mathematical function curve fit describing the temperature rise and volume flow relative to the measured solar radiation 2 Calculate the relevant performance parameters for heating ventilation and dehumidification using the previously established curve fits for temperature rise and volume flow and a prepared calculation sheet 1 Collecting Data and Constructing a Mathematical Function Curve Fit Raw Data The raw data material consists of a named text file with time stamped series of logged temperature irradiation and flow measurements lt yyyy dd mm gt lt vendor gt lt run number X gt txt The raw data file is imported to Microsoft Excel using the Excel file import dialog discarding the preamble line 1 99 and defining the original file as a Windows ANSI file The imported data file is then named lt vendor name gt xls and saved as a workbook Data Preparation A If data is collected over a period of several days data from each subsequent measuring day is cut and pasted into different worksheets within the same workbook Each sheet is then named lt yyyy dd mm gt lt vendor gt to clearly identify the different measuring days B Using the principle outlined in Appendix 4 In House Test Methods step 5 find the best suitable dataset using Excel s graphing function on column E containing solar irradiance measur
10. 1265 97 3255086 26 27 28 29 Wi kg kg _mi h mi h wW W 30 1 2 80 tas 0 0037 0 00 17 50 2 80 0 00 0 00 313 1 31 2 2 60 0 00 0 0037 17 50 0 00 17 50 2 60 0 00 0 00 296 8 32 3 2 60 0 00 0 0037 17 50 0 00 17 50 2 60 0 00 0 00 296 8 Figure 6 Screenshot of the prepared calculation workbook for modeling simulation of a solar air heater s performance parameters in a design reference year Green arrows indicate input cells Humidity Data Processing The effect to be verified of this DANETV solar air heater test is improved indoor climate in moist summer houses In order to validate this effect a model house has been created in the modeling software BSim A further description of the model house can be found later in this appendix The data processing is based on the data obtained during the test and calculated in the Vent_heat_dry calc lt vendor gt xlsx sheet A further description of the tests can be found in Appendix 4 1 BSim needs input that describe the power supplied by the solar panel This is calculated using the following equation P m cp AT AT Toutt solar panel 7 Tout The values can be found in column I 2 Calculate a monthly average hour per hour of the mass flow rate and the furnish power from the solar panel 3 Open the Bsim file XXX and implement the mass flow rate and the power furnish by the solar panel in the Bsim program 4 Launch a simulation and recover the relative humidity of the house and the moisture
11. 160 a d 140 E z 120 w 3 100 w 80 E 3 S 60 nd 40 20 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Solar irradience W m Figure 2 Volume flow rate For simulation purposes the air volume flow rate through the solar air heater was assumed to have a constant increase 175 m hr for values outside the maximum measured irradiance range as this was found to be the flow rate stagnation point DANISH DANETV TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Heating The temperature rise was found as indicated in Figure 3 Temperature rise K 14 y 5 170033E 11x 1 238636E 07x 8 126099E 05x 1 639889E 03x 4 233339E 01 12 _ gg ot toge 4 gt a 10 a v 8 v 7 u 6 e 4 2 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Solar irradience W m Figure 3 Temperature rise With a known correlation of the volume flow rate and temperature rise the heating supplement in the heating season Oct 15 Apr 15 was calculated using the Excel workbook described in Appendix 5 In house data processing Heating Energy output Oct 15 Apr 15 230 kWh Dehumidification and Ventilation Avg ventilation with solar heater Oct 15 Apr 15 25 6 m3 hr Avg ventilation without solar air heater Oct 15 Apr 15 7 0 m3 hr The moisture load of the summer house has been simulated by using the building simulation software BSim Th
12. 31543E 01 180 d a a a a aa A papar o_o _ 6 44 6 160 ae 140 7 K a 120 K w z 100 2 w 80 E 3 S 60 ge nd 40 20 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Solar irradience W m Figure 1 Volume flow rate For simulation purposes the air volume flow rate through the solar air heater was assumed to have a constant increase 175 m hr for values outside the maximum measured irradiance range as this was found to be the flow rate stagnation point Heating The temperature rise was found as indicated in Figure 3 Temperature rise K 14 y 5 170033E 11x 1 238636E 07x 8 126099E 05x 1 639889E 03x 4 233339E 01 12 aoe Se pE ai ad 10 i a 97 lt P a z 8 a re o 6 2 7 e Pad 4 FG 2 2 ai br o gt 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Solar irradience W m Figure 2 Temperature rise 29 F Er DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE With a known correlation of the volume flow rate and temperature rise the heating supplement in the heating season Oct 15 Apr 15 was calculated using the Excel workbook described in Appendix 5 In House Data Processing Energy output Oct 15 Apr 15 230 kWh Dehumidification and Ventilation Using the Excel workbook described in Appendix 5 In House Data Processing the following averages were found Oct 15 Apr 15 Avg ventilation with solar panel Oct 15 Apr 15 25 6 m3 hr Avg ventilati
13. Test 1 Assessment of the User Manual The assessment of the user manual is made as follows Step 1 Unpack the product Using the manufacturer s installation instructions only set up the system components in the test rig Record any deviation problems encountered Step 2 Check if the instructions cover the following topics Intended use Product installation Product operation Function test Prevention of accidents Service and maintenance Acceptance criteria Setup must be straightforward and trouble free Moreover the instructions should as a minimum cover the topics listed in step 2 18 DANETY DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Test 2 Solar Air Heater Performance Test Step 1 If not already mounted in the test rig mount the solar air heater making sure that there is a snug fit between the air heater outlet and the test rig measuring pipe Figure 1 Figure 1 Snug fit in the transition between air heater outlet and measuring pipe Step 2 1 Make sure that no shadows will affect any part of the solar air heater and check if the pyrometer is coplanar to the surface plane of the solar air heater 2 Check the placement of both the outside air temperature probes and the temperature probe in the measuring pipe 3 Visually inspect the hotwire anemometer making sure that it is centered correctly in the measuring pipe and that no debris is trapped in the proximity of the hotwire Figure 2 Figure 2 Visually inspec
14. age for summer houses with moisture problems in Denmark e The design reference year used in the simulation represent climate data from a year based on statistical information The functional effect of the solar air heater will vary from year to year in a real setting 31
15. and from year to year in a real setting With the above in mind it is concluded that the vendor s claims has been quantified and verified 12 panew DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Appendix 1 Terms and Definitions used in the Verification Protocol Terms and definitions used in the protocol are explained in table 1 Table 1 Terms and definitions used by the DANETV test centers Word DANETV Comments on the DANETV approach Analytical laboratory Independent analytical The test center may use an laboratory used to analyze test analytical laboratory as samples subcontractor Application The use of a product specified The application must be defined with respect to matrix target with a precision that allows the effect and limitations user of a product verification to judge whether his needs are comparable to the verification conditions DANETV Danish center for verification of None environmental technologies DANETV test center Preliminary name for the Name will be changed when the verification bodies in DANETV final nomenclature in the EU ETV with a verification and a test has been set subbody Effect The way the target is affected The effect could be reduced energy consumption better cooling performance etc Environmental product Ready to market or prototype The product is the item produced stage product process system and sold i e the item that a or service based on an vendor submit for
16. anual 2008 EN 12975 2 2006 Thermal solar systems and components Solar collectors Part 2 Test methods DTU 2007 Effektivitet af luft v skesolfanger ISSN 1601 8605 By og Byg Anvisning 204 Unders gelse og vurdering af fugt og skimmelsvampe i bygninger Investigation and Assessment of Humidity and Mold in Buildings SBi anvisning 224 Fugt i bygning Humidity in Buildings 16 l oaen DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Appendix 3 Application and Performance Parameter Definitions This appendix defines the application and the relevant performance parameters application as input for the verification and test of an environmental technology according to the DANETV method A3 1 Applications A3 1 1 The matrix is the type of material which the product is intended for Residential houses up to 70 m A3 1 2 Target s A target is defined as the property affected by the product The target of the product is e Supplementary heating and ventilation A3 1 3 Effects The effect of this application is primarily e Improved indoor climate in unheated humid buildings 17 l DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Appendix 4 In House Test Methods The DANETV solar air heater test is developed with the specific aim of making the test results as applicable transparent and comprehendible as possible for the intended end user homeowner buyer Even though the EN 12975 standard for testing liquid heating collectors exits
17. ar irradiation 2 Calculation of Performance Parameters for Heating Ventilation and Dehumidification After having constructed a mathematical function curve fit describing the solar air temperature rise and volume flow rate the obtained polynomial is used to model simulate the solar air heater performance parameter in a reference year in an Excel workbook named Vent_heat_dry calc xlsx prepared in advance using the following procedure A A copy of the the Excel workbook named Vent heat dry calc lt vendor gt xlsx is created where lt vendor gt is the manufacturer name B Find the DRY data for Denmark update column A D in the excel sheet C The averaged solar irradiation data point at which the ventilator starts and the highest averaged point for measured solar irradiation are typed in cells D 16 and D 17 respectively D Figure 6 E The exponents corresponding to the nth degree polynomial coefficient and constant describing the volume flow rate are copied directly from the raw data file named lt vendor gt xls into cells C 21 1 21 F The exponents corresponding to the nth degree polynomial coefficient and constant describing the temperature rise are copied directly from the raw data file named lt vendor gt xls into cells C 25 1 25 G The calculated performance parameters are read in result cell matrix Q 13 S 25 22 ge X lad 97 ent heat dry calc SolarVent icrosoft Startside
18. ation Measurements siiis ccicevideie cnn n an ENTE 6 3 5 7 TESE MACHI vernon neh cies halk cue E Math aeee aa ekaah eat eueee antennae E 6 3 5 8 Product Maintenance 00 EEE nt 6 3 5 9 Health Safety ANd WaAStEC cccccectece eee eee eee e sees ease eee LER RR REELLE ERE RETTERE EEN 6 4 Reference Analysis seniper iE nA E OT E eb alaved ati area webaiavs apPaonuiawtauwne inte 6 4 1 Analytical Laboratory 0 rr rr I UU I ER ERE REE EN ERR tes 6 4 2 Analytical Parameters wcities cesestibivssiveesee sediveeiviesviniveecviesiendveeevnerinereneeys 6 4 3 Analytical Methods srna nenn i a E DEER E cae ae 6 4 4 Analytical Performance Requirements ccc cece eee eee nent nents 7 5 lt Data Manageme int cerere sais desea nae pede wae EEE wads ean E E EEE EEE wae ean nes 7 5 1 Data Storage Transfer and Control 1 essere eee eee eee ee eee eee eee eens nee e eens tata 7 6 Quality ASSUrANCE a iira asana aa aaa ack cease Das vena aa AAE AAAA ENA AAE EO Saa ENAR 7 6 1 Test Platt REVIEW scssicinrvsansiartiervsaveiwsmerteerve E EREET 7 6 2 Performance Control sciis na o naea A A A E RANAR 7 6 3 Test System Control igrao annar aa ceva veces AAEE AAA EAA ENADE een DAEN AEN 7 6 4 Data Integrity Check Procedure 5558 EAD nE OEE YA 8 6 5 Test System AUIS aia aye i last E a ba EAE 8 6 6 Test REP OFE REVIEW cis citnssnee rna niena AAEE AAA EAEE RE Shinn bans nana bana ana AEA 8 7e TL StRESUItSsisccescdiecnevGuiearmmieneswieednwwerwesnesdenevs ce ve
19. e graphs in Figure 4 show the relative humidity and the amount of absorbed moisture in the house material respectively The data has been presented as a function of the month 10 gt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Without solar heater Ans Solvarme 15 180 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Months kg water kg wood 0 21 0 19 Without solar heater Ans Solvarme 15 180 30 123 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 Months Figure 4 Simulation results 7 3 Test Quality Assurance The quality was assured according to the Centre Quality Manual and the procedures described in Appendix 4 In house test methods and Appendix 5 In house data processing 7 4 Deviations from Test Plan There were no deviations from the test plan 11 T DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Discussion and Conclusion The following points are important to notice considering the effect of this product in real life applications e The calculated results relating to ventilation heating and dehumidification in the heating season Oct 15 Apr 15 are based on a simulation of a smaller building which represents the average for summer houses in Denmark e The design reference year used in the simulation represents climate data from a year based on statistical information The functional effect of the solar air heater will vary depending on the construction of different types of summer houses
20. ements C The worksheet containing the best suitable dataset is kept and the rest is discarded D Columns B B to E E and H H are averaged on a 10 minute basis and the analytical parameters are calculated in separate columns according to Test plan section 3 5 1 E Calculate a temperature rise in another column using to the 10 minute averaged in and outlet temperatures using a simple subtraction formula Curve Fit Temperature Rise vs Solar Radiation Using Excels graphing function a XY scatter chart is created and a nth degree polynomial regression fit is applied as illustrated in Figure 5 to the calculated and averaged data for temperature rise and solar radiation 21 l banen DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Temperature rise K y 4 820E 10x 1 406E 06x 1 446E 03x 6 075E 01x 9 733E 01 z w Eu w 3 v Qa ou 500 550 600 Solar irradiation W m2 Figure 5 Example of a 4th degree polynomial regression fit describing the air temperature rise through a solar air heater at a corresponding solar irradiation Curve Fit Volume Flow Rate vs Solar Radiation Using Excels graphing function a XY scatter chart is created and a nth degree polynomial regression fit is applied to the averaged data for volume flow rate and solar radiation Please note the averaged solar irradiation data point at which the ventilator starts and the highest averaged point for measured sol
21. n the verification of the vendor claims The vendor claims are often related to energy savings improved ventilation improved indoor climate or the like T DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Furthermore in order to give a better idea of how the solar air heater performs in an actual setting a test rig has been built to simulate real running conditions comparable to those present when the air heater is mounted vertically on the side of a house or a garage Establishing the actual performance characteristics of the air heater has a great advantage over laboratory tests with forced ventilation through the solar air heater as the fans are known to be very sensitive to pressure losses both related to the heater itself and the downstream hot air channel Tests performed on different models and makes are comparable by means of calculations based on data from the test rig and on regional climate data design reference year data Further information about the test test rig and calculations can be found in Appendix 4 and 5 This above mentioned test is conducted in order to verify the following target and effect s The target of the product is e Supplementary heating and ventilation of summer houses garages etc The effect of this application is primarily e Improved indoor climate in unheated humid buildings 3 1 Test Site The performance tests were carried out at an outdoor solar energy test site at Danish Technological Institute
22. ndoor climate in a summer house This was verified using a simulation algorithm consisting of a design reference year DRY data from Copenhagen Denmark and building related parameters see Appendix 5 for a detailed description of the model and input Operational Data Operation of the solar air heater and data logging system was checked daily during the test No malfunctioning of the solar air heater was detected in any part of the test Test 1 Assessment of the User Manual Results from Test 1 Assessment of the user manual show that all major requirements are met Test 2 Solar Air Heater Performance Test Results from Test 2 Solar air heater performance test was used as input for the calculation of simulated ventilation heating and dehumidification during the heating season Oct 15 Apr 15 in a Danish design reference year Copenhagen 7 5 Test Measurement Summary Test 1 Assessment of the User Manual Intended use Product installation OK Product operation OK Function test OK Prevention of accidents OK Service and maintenance OK Test 2 Solar Air Heater Performance Test Ventilation The test proved that the Ans Solvarme Vacpipe Open End 15 180 30 solar air heater starts ventilating at an irradiance of 33 W m and it has a correlation as shown in Figure 2 28 l DanNerii DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Volume flow rate m3 hr 200 y 1 286175E 09x 2 976585E 06x 2 598842E 03x 1 032913E 00x 1 4
23. ods This was done prior to the testing and no intermediate check or calibration was necessary throughout the test period T DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 6 4 Data Integrity Check Procedures All data transfer of both handwritten and electronic data was subjected to 100 control by a second person Approved spread sheets and calculation programs for calculation of results were subjected to 100 control to ensure correct calculations and results Data input in spread sheets and calculation programs was subjected to 100 control in order to secure correct calculations and results 6 5 Test System Audits No audit was performed 6 6 Test Report Review Internal review of the test report was made by Bjarke Paaske BJPA External review of the test report was made by the expert stated in chapter 1 4 7 Test Results The test data report will be included in the verification report as Appendix 7 according to the DANETV Center Quality Manual 7 1 Performance Test Summary The effect verified in this process was improved indoor climate e g in a residential summer house This was verified using a simulation algorithm consisting of a design reference year DRY data from Copenhagen Denmark and building related parameters The residential summer house was simulated using the following building parameters Gross square area one story building 60 m Internal volume of building 138 m Infiltration and ventilation
24. on without solar air heater Oct 15 Apr 15 7 0 m3 hr The humidity of the air as a function of the months figure 3 upper is shown for a humid summer house with and without solar heater The lower part of the figure 3 shows the total moisture content of the house building material as mass of water pr mass material again the water content is shown as a function of months RH 100 90 j22sencee s Seen ceecee Without solar heater Ans Solvarme 15 180 30 40 4 T T T T T T T 1 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 Months kg water kg wood 0 21 5 ad 0 19 eres Ka 0 17 tte eee Without solar heater 0 15 Ans Solvarme 15 180 30 0 13 77 0 11 0 09 0 07 Sa 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 Months Figure 3 Simulation results 30 T DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 7 6 Test Quality Assurance The quality was assured according to the Centre Quality Manual and the procedures described in Appendix 4 In House Test Methods and Appendix 5 In House Data Processing 7 7 Deviations from Test Plan There were no deviations from the test plan Comments on Data The following points considering the effect of this product in real life applications are important to notice e The calculated results relating to ventilation heating and dehumidification in the heating season Oct 15 Apr 15 are based on a simulation representing the aver
25. otocol 2 2 Name and Contact of Vendor Ans Solvarme ApS Palle Kerdil Kertemindevej 160 DK 5800 Nyborg Phone 45 65 36 12 19 Email pk anssolvarme dk 2 3 Name of Centre Test Responsible Verification Center Danish Technological Institute Refrigeration and Heat Pump Technology Building 2 Gregersensvej DK 2630 Taastrup Verification responsible Emil Jacobsen EMJA e mail emil jacobsen teknologisk dk Phone 45 7220 2323 Internal reviewer Bjarke Paaske BJPA e mail bjarke paaske teknologisk dk Phone 45 7220 2037 2 4 Expert Group The expert group assigned to this verification and responsible for the review of the verification plan and report documents includes Simon Furbo SF DTU Civil Engineering phone 45 45251857 e mail sf byg dtu dk 3 Test Design The DANETV solar air heater test is developed with the specific aim of making the test results as applicable transparent and comprehensible as possible for the intended end user homeowner buyer Even though the EN 12975 standard for testing liquid heating collectors exits this standard mainly deals with the robustness and thermal effectiveness of liquid heating collectors Therefore it is not applicable for open loop solar air heaters Other previous tests of open loop air heaters mainly centered on the effectiveness of the air heater are very technical and not directly applicable for the intended end user homeowner Therefore the DANETV test focuses o
26. rmal activity one weekend a month from September to June and every weekend from July to September including one full week for each of these months The living room is occupied by four persons of 50 of the time from 8 am to 22 pm The bed rooms are occupied by two persons of 100 of the time from 22 pm to 8 am The bathroom is not occupied in this sense 26 T DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE An infiltration rate was set up to a 5 infiltration rate of the house volume every hour In order to simulate a moist house a moisture load of 0 006 kg h per m is added for each room A schedule was made for winter spring and summer where the moisture load was modulated After the simulation the inside temperature of the summer house for each room was recovered together with the relative humidity and the moisture content of one of the wall layers of each room This simulation is named simulation without solar panel and it will be used as a reference Hereafter a simulation is prepared as described at the top of this appendix Before setting up a new simulation the power supplied by the solar panel to the house is calculated using the following equation P solar panel m cp AT With M mass flow rate of the solar panel calculated previously Cp heating transfer mass of the air 1 004 J kg at 20 C AT Toutiet Tinside With Toutiet Outlet temperature of the solar panel calculated previously Tinside temperature in
27. rs needs and vendor claims the product Procedure Detailed description of the use The procedure specifies the of a standard or a method implementation of a standard or within one body a method in terms of e g equipment used Producer The party producing the None product Standard Generic document established None by consensus and approved by a recognized standardization body that provides rules guidelines or characteristics for tests or analysis Target The property that is affected by Targets could be temperature C energy kWh etc performance of a product for Test center Subbody of the test center that None test subbody plans and performs tests Test center verification Subbody of the test center that None subbody plans and performs the verification Test testing Determination of the None 14 gt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Word DANETV Comments on the DANETV approach parameters defined for the application Vendor The party delivering the product to the customer Can be the producer Verification Evaluation of product performance parameters for a specified application under defined conditions and adequate quality assurance None 15 l panen DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Appendix 2 References verification protocols requirement documents standards methods 1 DANETV Center Quality M
28. side the house extracted from the previous simulation Once the power supplied of the solar is found for each hour of the year a monthly average of the power supply hour per hour is calculated From June to August the solar panel is out of function in that extra heating will cause excessive temperatures Ventilation infiltration and heating from the solar heater is implemented in the BSim model to simulate the effect of the product The fact of implementing the mass flow rate and the heat production of the solar panel does not represent a moving flow in the house since the program does not include this when set up as an infiltration rate Because of this a mixing effect between the four rooms is added This mixing effect is calculated as the average mass flow of air of the solar panel through the year without considering the period from June to August as the solar panel is not used during this period The air mixing is calculated as a function of the area of each room where 10 of the mass flow rate will be exfiltrated the 90 left is used for the mixing into the rooms Finally the relative humidity in the house and the moisture content of the wall layers are extracted as in the simulation without the solar panel This data is saved as simulation with solar panel 27 T DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Appendix 7 Test Data Report The effect verified in this process was reduced heating expenses and improved i
29. t the hotwire anemometer Step 3 Prepare the data logger and name the file to be logged with the following format lt vendor name gt lt run number X gt txt Step 4 After checking all instrument and data logger connections record the following parameters every 10 seconds or less continuously throughout an entire day from sunrise to sunset with cloudless skies e Ambient temperature and air heater outlet temperatures Tamb and Tout e Air velocity of air through outlet channel measuring pipe Vout e Solar irradiance planar to the air heater G 19 F Er DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Step 5 Process data according to Appendix 5 In house data processing Data acceptance criteria Due to the thermal mass of the solar air heater and the thermal properties caused thereby data will only be useable if no major fluctuations in the solar radiance were observed during the data collection Figure 3 Alternatively discard data 20 minutes after a minor radiance fluctuation Figure 4 Solar irradiance data kW m2 Figure 3 Data showing too many fluctuations in order to be usable Discard everything Solar irradiance data kW m2 Figure 4 Data showing only minor fluctuations Can be used after careful data processing 20 panew DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Appendix 5 In House Data Processing Data Processing Solar Air Heater Performance Test The data processing consists of two separate
30. tory 3 5 3 Test Schedule Task Timing Application definition document Oct 2011 Verification protocol with test plan Feb Apr 2012 Test March 2012 Test reporting April 2012 Verification April 2012 Verification report April 2012 Verification statement April 2012 3 5 4 Test Equipment The test equipment used for testing includes Air Heater e Temperature sensors for the measurement of ambient air and heated air e Hotwire anemometer for the calculation of air volume flow e Pyranometer for the measurement of solar irradiation l DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE All data was collected with a data acquisition unit with a sampling interval of two seconds 3 5 5 Operation Conditions During operation the air heater controller was adjusted to the highest warmest setting if present applicable 3 5 6 Operation Measurements The system was operated under various conditions before the performance test in order to ensure that everything worked correctly Data collection from all measuring equipment was evaluated in order to check that the system was running as planned 3 5 7 Test Matrix The methods described in Appendix 4 In house test methods and Appendix 5 In house data processing were applied during the test 3 5 8 Product Maintenance No maintenance was required for the testing of the product 3 5 9 Health Safety and Waste The use of this product does not imply
31. understanding of the model key elements are listed in the following text 25 l DARETU DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE The top materials correspond to the inner construction Composition m k W 1 m roof Pine wood 2 04 0 10 PVC Stone wool PVC walls Pine wood 2 16 0 11 PVC Stone wool PVC Pine wood ground PVC 2 05 0 237 Stone wool PVC Concrete door climastop N diamant 1 2 0 06 aluminium windows climastop N diamant 1 55 0 06 aluminium The house consists of four rooms including one living room a bathroom and two bed rooms The two bed rooms and the bathroom open towards the living room in order to allow a flow of air in the house The living room features a sliding window of 3m2 oriented south and an entrance door of 2 4 m2 oriented north The bed room oriented south features a window of 1 4 m2 oriented south and the bed room oriented north features a window of 1 4 m2 oriented east The bathroom features a window of 1 4 m2 oriented west Three walls are created to represent the trees around the house on the east west and south side of the house Each wall is eight meters tall and eight meters away from the house In order to simulate the use of the house the following people load is implemented The people load represents the heat and moisture gain which they bring during their occupation of the house in the summer Their occupation was considered as a person of no
32. urly radiance hitting the solar air heater throughout a reference year can be calculated with the input parameters matching the actual mounting of the air heater in the test rig Location Latitude and longitude Copenhagen 55 40 34 N 12 34 06 E Azimuth 0 South Tilt angle 90 The output consists of a text file txt with a chronological list containing 8760 hours showing the solar radiance hitting the specified location and orientation of the solar air heater throughout an average year As for the mass flow rate the variable from the equation Appendix 4 temperature rise vs solar radiation is replaced by the outside temperature from the DRY weather data Bsim Model In order to make calculations and determine the relative humidity rate of a moist house Bsim simulation software is used Two simulations are set one without solar panel and one with the solar panel in order to compare them and see the effect of the solar panel on the moisture in the summer house A house of 60 m2 the length of the house is 10 m and the width is 6 m2 The house is oriented south For this verification PVSYST v 5 53 is used to simulate the hourly average solar radiation 24 DANISH DANETV TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE The different components are defined in the table below and are based on materials usually found in a wooden summer house All the data described below is contained in the Bsim model However to get a further
33. ustraiawde au ewsiaai dee ements 8 7 1 Performance Test SUMMALSY ccccccceccece eset ee eee eee eee e eee e RR REESE NERE REESE LER ERE ENE EE EEE ES 8 7 2 Test Measurement Summary 20 cece ect n enn E Ete 9 7 3 Test Quality Assurance i iiiccciiiiesiveiine a e nr O eai 11 7 4 Deviations from Test PION Enea 11 Appendix 1 Terms and Definitions used in the Verification Protocol ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeenees 13 Appendix 2 References 555 iniia a en EEEE EA NEE AAEE ERA raa re 16 Appendix 3 Application and Performance Parameter Definitions cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenees 17 Appendix 4 In House Test Methods M ssseeeeeeee kk k kk kk EEN ERE E LER ERR REEL ERE NERE REE R ER ERE SEERE REE ES 18 Appendix 5 In House Data Processing M11 W seensseeeek ket kk EEE EEE 21 Appendix 7 Test Data Report 20 I I I REESE EEE ER REN 27 Version 1 2 l oaen DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 2 Introduction Environmental technology verification ETV is an independent third party assessment of the performance of a technology or a product for a specified application under defined conditions and quality assurance DANETV is a Danish center for verification of environmental technology This test report is the result of a test design developed for performance verification of an environmental technology according to the ETV method 2 1 Verification Protocol Reference J no 1202 Ans Solvarme Vacpipe Open End 15 180 30 Verification Pr
34. without solar air collector in operation 0 1 ht Orientation of solar air collector South Slope of solar air collector Vertical The Solar air heater was modeled as if it was only used in the off season i e October 15 to April 15 Operational Data Operation of the solar air heater and data logging system was checked daily during the test No malfunctioning of the solar air heater was detected in any part of the test Test 1 Assessment of the User Manual Results from Test 1 Assessment of the user manual shows that all major requirements are met Test 2 Solar Air Heater Performance Test Results from Test 2 The solar air heater performance test was used as input for the calculation of simulated ventilation heating and dehumidification during the heating season Oct 15 Apr 15 in a Danish design reference year Copenhagen DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 7 2 Test Measurement Summary Test 1 Assessment of the User Manual Intended use Product installation OK Product operation OK Function test OK Prevention of accidents OK Service and maintenance OK Test 2 Solar Air Heater Performance Test Ventilation The Ans Solvarme Vacpipe Open End 15 180 30 was determined to start ventilating at an irradiance of 33 W m and to have a correlation according to Figure 2 Volume flow rate m3 hr 200 y 1 286175E 09x 2 976585E 06x 2 598842E 03x2 1 032913E 00x 1 431543E 01 180 S e oe orne e oom
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