Home
848 Titrino plus
Contents
1. Volume that is dosed prior to the start of the titration 848 Titrino plus Dosing rate Pause Request sample ID Request sample size Request sample unit Hold at request 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Input range 0 00000 9999 99 mL Default value 0 00000 mL Rate at which the start volume is dosed The maximum dosing rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Selection max Default value max Waiting time e g in case of a slow response of the electrode after the start or reaction time after the dosing of a start volume Input range 0 999999 s Default value Os Selection of the sample identification that is queried in the method run Selection off ID1 ID2 ID1 amp ID2 Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the value for the sample size will be queried Selection on off Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the unit for the sample size will be queried Selection on off Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the method run will be paused dur ing the query If the parameter is switched off the titration will be started in the background Selection on off Default value on 99 100 7 3 Endpoint titrations SET 7 3 3 Titration parameters Solution Sensor pol U pol Menu gt Parameters gt Titration paramet
2. Input range 0 00000 9999 99 mL Default value 0 00000 mL Rate at which the start volume is dosed The maximum dosing rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Selection max Default value max Waiting time e g in case of a slow response of the electrode after the start or reaction time after the dosing of a start volume Input range 0 999999 s Default value Os 848 Titrino plus Request sample ID Request sample size Request sample unit Hold at request 7 Parameters Selection of the sample identification that is queried in the method run Selection off ID1 ID2 ID1 amp ID2 Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the value for the sample size will be queried Selection on off Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the unit for the sample size will be queried Selection on off Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the method run will be paused dur ing the query If the parameter is switched off the titration will be started in the background Selection on off Default value on 7 1 2 Titration parameters Titration rate 848 Titrino plus Menu gt Parameters gt Titration parameters The parameters that influence the sequence of the entire titration are defined under Titration parameters Three predefined sets of parameters can be sel
3. The file name of the TXT file is constructed as follows PC_LIMS_Report ID1 YYYYMMDD hhmmss txt Selection on off Default value off 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters 7 2 Monotonic equivalence point titrations MET 7 2 1 Start conditions Menu gt Parameters gt Start conditions The parameters that are carried out before the start of titration are defined under Start conditions Activation pulse Output of an activation pulse on a remote line This activation pulse starts a connected Dosimat Selection on off Default value off Start delay time Waiting time after the start of the determination before titration takes place An auxiliary solution can e g be added with a Dosimat during this time parameterization at the Dosimat The Activation pulse parameter must however be switched on for this purpose Input range 0 999999 s Default value Os Start volume Volume that is dosed prior to the start of the titration Input range 0 00000 9999 99 mL Default value 0 00000 mL Dosing rate Rate at which the start volume is dosed The maximum dosing rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Selection max Default value max Pause Waiting time e g in case of a slow response of the electrode after the start or reaction time after the dosing of a start volume Input range 0 999999 s Default value Os Request sampl
4. 7 Parameters Selection of the sensor from the sensor list The selection depends on the measuring mode Sensors are defined under System gt Sensors Selection Selection of configured sensors When this parameter is switched on then the stirrer is switched on at the start of the determination Selection on off Default value on Setting the stirring rate It can be set in steps of 15 to 15 The default setting 8 corresponds to 1000 U min The formula for calculating the rota tional speed is specified in chapter 10 2 page 118 The optimum stirring rate can be tested in the manual control The algebraic sign of the stirring rate changes the direction in which the stirring is done When the stirrer is viewed from above this means a counterclockwise rotation a clockwise rotation Input range 15 15 Default value 8 This parameter must be switched on for automatic calibrations with sam ple changers e g 869 Compact Sample Changer Because the buffers are changed by the sample changer the run is not paused in order to request values The 848 Titrino plus sends a signal EOD to the sample changer via the remote connection as soon as the measurement of one buffer has been completed see Figure 25 page 125 The sample changer switches to the next buffer at that time The parameterization of the sample changer is described in the corre sponding manual il Note We recommend that the stirrer b
5. Delete files with the aid of a PC 116 848 Titrino plus 10 Appendix 10 Appendix 10 1 Exchange unit 10 1 1 Maximum dosing and filling rate The maximum dosing rate and maximum filling rate for the exchange unit depend on the cylinder volume Cylinder volume Maximum rate 1 mL 3 00 mL min 5 mL 15 00 mL min 10 mL 30 00 mL min 20 mL 60 00 mL min 50 mL 150 00 mL min Independent of the cylinder volume values ranging from 0 01 to 166 00 mL min can always be entered When the function is carried out the rate will be if necessary decreased automatically to the highest possible value 10 1 2 Parameters for the preparing PREP The PREP function Preparing is used to rinse the cylinder and tubings of the exchange unit and fill them air bubble free You should carry out this function before the first determination or once per day Preparing is carried out with the following non alterable settings a The entire cylinder volume is dosed twice with the maximum dosing rate 848 Titrino plus 117 10 2 Stirring rate 10 2 Stirring rate The stirring rate can be adjusted in steps of 15 to 15 The approximate rotational speed can be calculated with the following formula Rotational speed min r min 125 stirring rate Example Stirring rate set 8 Rotational speed in rom 125 8 1000 r min 2000 15 10
6. etc il Note If you have set the parameter Statistics to on then the mean value of the results will be assigned to the respective common variable 848 Titrino plus 61 62 6 5 File management 6 5 File management Import Delete Backup Restore Menu gt System gt File management i Note This menu item is visible only if a USB flash drive has been connected as an external storage medium Methods can be imported and deleted from a USB flash drive in this dia log Only methods located in the Files directory are displayed in the list see Directory structure on the USB flash drive page 62 A backup of the system can be created all data and settings Similarly an existing backup can be reloaded Import the selected method Delete the selected method Create a backup of all data and settings on the USB flash drive i Note Only one backup can be created on the same USB flash drive If a backup is already stored on the flash drive then this will be over written as soon as the function is performed once again Load the backup from a connected USB flash drive Directory structure on the USB flash drive A directory with the instrument number will be created on the USB flash drive The structure within this directory appears as follows CI Backup Z C Files a Method mmth Ga pc_lims_report PC_LIMS_Report 20070813 161029 txt Figure 19 Directory
7. 7 Parameters The titration is stopped when the specified volume has been dosed since the start of the titration This volume should be adjusted to the size of the titration vessel in order to prevent the contents from running over Input range 0 00000 9999 99 mL Default value 100 000 mL Selection off The titration is stopped when the specified measured value has been reached since the start of the titration Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Selection off Default value off Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Selection off Default value off Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 0 125 0 pA Selection off Default value off The titration is stopped when the specified number of equivalence points has been found Input range 1 9 Default value 9 Selection off This volume will be added when the number of equivalence points defined under Stop EP has been found The curve shape after the equiva lence point can also be seen this way Input range 0 01000 9999 99 mL Selection off Default value off 75 76 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET Stop time Filling rate 7 1 4 Window Lower limit Evaluation The titration is stopped when the specified time has elapsed since the start of the titration Input range 0 999999 s Selection off Default value off Rate at which the dosing cylin
8. Remote COMMEGUON fst eadecdes eiea 8 nterface essiant 122 Pin assignment n 122 Status diagram s s s 124 Remote cable CONNECT ein eee 15 Remote Control u un 125 Report Print manually saaie 43 Reports 81 95 108 113 Resulta Suida a 40 Recalculate ccccceceeees 41 Rounding off process 128 Save as a common variable 61 Save as common variable 80 95 107 Save as titer 80 94 107 Routine dialog 54 RS 232 Interface parameters 65 RS 232 CONNECTION sesse 125 S Safety INStrUCtIONS eee 4 Sample data ENTET miseen e ke 30 Modify live aaaea 37 Sample size Send from a balance 35 118 848 Titrino plus Sample table 00 c cee 32 Insert line o ae 34 Modify live aaaeei 38 SONSOM ceire ieS ia ea a aes 56 Adasen ee ae ae 56 CONNEC sot erai 9 Delete Foei ois sienio 56 Editore eaaeo 56 Sensor connector pH electrode 0 00 0 eee 8 Polarizable electrode 8 Redox electrode n 8 Reference electrode 8 Temperature sensor 8 SOVICE taaa duc dvitedueniies 4 Service Agreement 114 SER ition ttl byob tay 1 18 Parameters c cceeeeeeeeees 97 SOlUTIOM saipe tee ee 58 ROD asthe cathe tetas tt 58 Solution Delete enir krana 58 Edit SOIU ON Mieto teina 58 Start conditions DET tinaa ie 68 AY ed espe Sane mei Rene EEA 83 SE AE EE tentials alate 98 Statistics 41 81 95 108 Stirrer COANE E
9. The individual titration parameters can be modified 848 Titrino plus Volume increment Dosing rate Signal drift 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters il Note Select the optimal titration rate when you are developing a new titra tion method This parameter is suitable for virtually all titrations and only needs adaptation in special cases The settings of the individual titration rates are listed in table 2 page 87 This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user Volume that is dosed in each dosing step The choice of the correct vol ume increment is a basic requirement for achieving high accuracy A good guideline is 1 20 of the expected EP volume For steep jumps the volume increment should tend toward 1 100 and for flat jumps toward 1 10 of the EP volume Small volume increments are used for determining blank values or with very asymmetrical curves The accuracy of the evaluation cannot be increased by using smaller increments as the measured value alterations between two measuring points are then of the same order of magnitude as the noise Input range 0 00005 999 900 mL Default value 0 10000 mL This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user Rate at which the volume increments are dosed The maximum dosing rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Selection max Default value max This parameter is vis
10. should point into a vessel Do you want to continue 3 Start the preparing Caution Make sure that the buret tip is directed into a vessel that can accommodate the volume of your buret unit several times over Select Yes and confirm the message with OK Preparing is carried out Continuous dosing DOS Continuous dosing will be carried out with the DOS function for as long as you keep the START key pressed down Proceed as follows 1 Open the manual control a Inthe main dialog select Menu and press OK The main menu opens Select the menu item Manual control and press OK Manual control opens 2 Select the dosing function a Select the Dosing item Manual control fosing es T S Y Measure Stirrer aff PREP MDH ADD a Inthe function bar select DOS and press OK 46 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation max mb min Filling rate max mML min Press START key 3 Configure the dosing function i Note The dosing and filling rate should be decreased for viscous liq uids The maximum dosing and filling rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Enter the dosing rate a Enter the filling rate 4 Start dosing Press START The status changes to busy the dosed volume is displayed When a cylinder volume has been added the dosing cylinder will be refilled automatically 5 Fill the cylinder Press STOP or BACK The
11. stop volume Cond stop time Input range 0 0 99 9 pL min Default value 0 0 L min Maximum permissible volume that can be dosed during conditioning Conditioning is stopped when the specified volume is dosed If condition ing is continued by pressing START once again then the titrant volume that has already been dosed will not be taken into account i e the dosing starts again at zero The stop volume should be adjusted to the size of the titration cell in order to prevent any overflow Input range 0 00000 9999 99 mL Default value 20 0000 mL Selection off Maximum permissible time over which conditioning may take place Con ditioning is stopped when the specified time has elapsed Input range 0 999999 s Selection off Default value off 7 3 2 Start conditions Activation pulse Start delay time Start volume Menu gt Parameters gt Start conditions The parameters that are carried out before the start of titration are defined under Start conditions Output of an activation pulse on a remote line This activation pulse starts a connected Dosimat Selection on off Default value off Waiting time after the start of the determination before titration takes place An auxiliary solution can e g be added with a Dosimat during this time parameterization at the Dosimat The Activation pulse parameter must however be switched on for this purpose Input range 0 999999 s Default value Os
12. then it will always be entered in a new line at the end of the sample table It does not matter which line is selected or whether the sample table is even opened In the above example the sample size is entered in line 5 il Note If you would like to enter the sample size in a particular line then you must open the corresponding editing dialog i e the Sample data dia log is displayed If the editing dialog for the sample size is opened then the sent value will be ignored 5 8 Carrying out a determination The sample size can be entered in the following ways when a determina tion is carried out a Enter manually on the instrument Send automatically from a connected balance Consult the user manual for the balance for this purpose The following instructions describe how to enter the sample size on the 848 Titrino plus 1 Load the method See Chapter Loading a method Page 27 2 Prepare the sample i Note Calculate the amount of the sample in such a way that a titrant consumption of 10 90 of the cylinder volume will result 848 Titrino plus 35 36 5 8 Carrying out a determination Weigh in or measure the sample in a sample vessel Add solvent a Place the sample vessel on the stirrer Immerse electrode and buret tip in solution Enter the sample size a Inthe main dialog select Sample size and press OK The editing dialog opens a Enter the sample size and
13. 0 mV 30 0 mV Upol 40 00 pA 10 00 pA 5 00 pA Max rate 1 00 mL min 10 00 mL min maximum Min rate 5 00 uL min 25 00 uL min 50 00 pL min Stop criterion The titration is stopped when the endpoint has been reached and this stop criterion has been fulfilled If no stop criterion has been selected then the titration will not be stopped The stop conditions see Chapter 7 3 6 page 105 always lead to a stop even if the stop criterion has not been reached 104 848 Titrino plus Stop drift Delay time 7 Parameters Selection drift time off Default value drift drift The titration is stopped when the stop drift has been reached time The titration is stopped if the endpoint has been exceeded during a certain time period Delay time off The titration will not be stopped until the stop conditions have been fulfilled This parameter is visible only when Stop criterion drift Titration is stopped when the endpoint and the stop drift have been reached Input range 1 999 pL min Default value 20 pL min This parameter is visible only when Stop criterion time When the endpoint is reached the specified time is allowed to elapse after the last dosing and the titration is then stopped Input range 0 999s Default value 10s 7 3 5 Control parameters EP2 Menu gt Parameters gt Control parameters EP2 The control parameters for the second endpoint are defined under Con tro
14. 0s 7 3 4 Control parameters EP1 Endpoint 1 at Menu gt Parameters gt Control parameters EP1 The control parameters for the first endpoint are defined under Control parameters EP1 Measured value for the first endpoint Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Selection off Default value off Measuring mode U and Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Selection off Default value off 848 Titrino plus Titration rate Dynamics 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 00 125 00 pA Selection off Default value off Three predefined sets of parameters can be selected for the titration rate Selection slow optimal fast user Default value optimal slow For steep titration curves for which dosing must be carried out in small steps at the endpoint optimal For all standard titrations The parameters have been optimized for the most frequent applications fast For flat titration curves for which the endpoint is reached only slowly user The individual titration parameters can be modified The settings of the individual titration rates are listed in table 3 page 104 This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user This parameter defines the control range before the specified endpoint Individual volume steps are dosed in the control range the dosing is finely controlled The closer the endpoint the slower the dosing until
15. 100 000 mL Selection off The titration is stopped when the specified measured value has been reached since the start of the titration Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Selection off Default value off Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Selection off Default value off Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 0 125 0 pA Selection off Default value off The titration is stopped when the specified number of equivalence points has been found Input range 1 9 Default value 9 Selection off This volume will be added when the number of equivalence points defined under Stop EP has been found The curve shape after the equiva lence point can also be seen this way 89 90 7 2 Monotonic equivalence point titrations MET Stop time Filling rate 7 2 4 Window Lower limit Evaluation Input range 0 01000 9999 99 mL Selection off Default value off The titration is stopped when the specified time has elapsed since the start of the titration Input range 0 999999 s Selection off Default value off Rate at which the dosing cylinder is filled after the titration The maximum filling rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Selection max Default value max Menu gt Parameters gt Evaluation The parameters for the evaluation of the titration curve are def
16. 5 0 5 10 15 Figure 21 Rotational speed depending on stirring rate 10 3 Balance The sample size and the associated unit can be sent from a connected bal ance The sample size is transmitted as a number with up to ten charac ters including algebraic sign and decimal point Sample size and unit are sent as a single character string They are separa ted by a space character The string is terminated with the ASCII charac ters CR and LF If the balance sends a negative sample size e g when you are reweighing a sample then the algebraic sign is adopted The algebraic sign is how ever ignored for the calculations i Note With some balances the sample identification and the method can be sent in addition to the sample size Make sure that the balance does not send the sample size until the end 848 Titrino plus Mettler AX 10 Appendix For the Mettler AX balance the fields that contain the sample identifica tion or the method must be designated as follows Designation for the field with the method name METHOD Designation for the field with sample identification 1 1D1 a Designation for the field with sample identification 2 ID2 USB devices Note USB peripheral devices that are to be connected must support either the USB 1 0 1 1 Full Speed or the USB 2 0 High Speed standard The maximum data transfer rate is however in any case 12 MBit s Keyboards PC mice and barcode re
17. 7 Inputs and outputs of the remote interface Pin No Assignment Function 1 Output 0 Ready EOD 2 Output 1 Activate Dosimat 3 Output 2 Titration 4 Output 3 Cond OK 5 Output 4 Error 6 0 volt GND 7 5 volts 8 Input O Start 9 Input 1 Stop Inputs FOV approx 5 KQ Pull up a tp gt 100 ms j T active low inactive high Outputs Open Collector uf a EI t gt 200 ms active low inactive high le 20 mA Vero 40 V 5 V maximum load 20 mA 848 Titrino plus 123 124 10 6 Remote interface 10 6 2 Status diagram of the remote interface Titration mode DET MET START ready EOD j peo Jo Activ Dos i Io Titr Determ a 7 T l i 1 condoK i l i j TE L Error TE es TE l i l E im Start t i sep a E STOP Figure 23 Remote status diagram DET MET Titration mode SET START START ready EOD 7 mf on Z i Activ Dos 7 4 f I i H i Titr Determ i y pl i i i i i condOK Taa 7 l 1 i an Error s i S Ti TI Start i Stop Figure 24 Remote status diagram SET Output 0 Output 1 Output 2 Output 3 Output 4 Input O Input 1 Output 0 Output 1 Output 2 Output 3 Output 4 Input O Input 1 848 Titrino plus 10 7 848 Titrino plus 10 Appendix Me
18. End of Determination EOD 125 ERG EE E tare 79 93 Evaluation DED aae a aes fee 76 78 MEM tases teased fais 90 93 Exchange unit Attach 222criive tehsil 16 Expert dialog ceceeseeeeteeeees 53 F Filling rate Maximum Formula editor G GLP ites einai ela fins at 114 Graphics width 0 0eee 64 Guarantee inaina 135 l nitialization oo eee eeee 121 nstrument SWitch Off a haee 20 SWITCH ON ceins 19 nstrument diagnosis 66 K eyboard COMMECE SBE eM ek 12 Key assignment 119 120 eyboard layout eee 64 L LAM QUAGE t pensh seeder acta 52 Language file oye een renee eeeeen ree ae tae 66 Live modifications 0 0 0 37 Live parameters cc eee 39 M Mains Voltage o 4 Manual control DOSING nare taar along Rik ants 45 Measuring isoa 49 SUP eoa a a 50 META ae aita 1 17 Parameters i pi 83 Method Create Delete Export Import Load Save MSB COMNEGCIOR aino an 8 N Navigate Numerical input o Operation Generala iiS aeri ussat 20 P Parameters CAL etort Aaa 110 DET rrine R 68 MEP Sree Na N eet 83 Modify live aaaea 39 AEE ET 97 PC LIMS report meron ieinignas 63 Pin ASSIGNMENT s sess 122 PREP Parameters nicnn 117 Preparing Parameters iaeei 117 848 Titrino plus Program version Update iss e oas 66 Q Quality Management 114 R Recalculate o on 40
19. JKLMNOPGRSTUUWR YZ abedefghijklmnoparstuvuxyz BHi234S6789 p EER Coet_e AAA TAMS6d600 S545 4ace i1 TAGS5s00 Accept Cancel Clear C In the editing dialog for text input or numerical input select the individual characters with the arrow keys Use OK to apply the character in the input field The following functions are available Editing function Description Accept The modification is applied and the editing dialog is exited Cancel The editing dialog is exited without applying the modification Clear The content of the input field is deleted com pletely The character left of the cursor is deleted back space Text editor only The cursor within the input field is shifted to the left by one character each time that OK is pressed Text editor only The cursor within the input field is shifted to the right by one character each time that OK is pressed BACK The modification is applied and the editing dialog is exited The BACK key has the same function as Accept A commercially available USB keyboard can be connected to make it eas ier to enter text and numbers The assignment of the keys on the PC key board is described in chapter 10 4 2 page 120 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation Selecting from a selection list Pieces rUser de fined In a selection list select the individual entries with the arrow keys ft a
20. Me46iz 2 Selecting the method Select the desired method 28 848 Titrino plus 5 5 Control Sample table Autostart Number of autostarts 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation 3 Exporting the method Inthe function bar select Export and press OK The method is being exported The directory structure on the USB flash drive is listed in chapter 6 5 page 62 Menu gt Control In the dialog Control the settings for the execution of a single determi nation or of one sample series are defined If this parameter is activated the sample data for a sample series can be entered in a table see Chapter 5 7 page 32 Selection on off Default value off If this parameter is activated a new determination is started automatically at the end of a determination This continues until the number specified has been reached see Number of autostarts Selection on off Default value off This parameter is visible only when Autostart on Number of automatic starts Input range 1 50 Selection table Default value table table The number of automatic starts corresponds to the number of samples in the sample table 29 5 6 Sample data 5 6 5 6 1 ID1 i Note It may be necessary to reset the autostart counter manually before the quantity defined above has been reached Proceed as follows Deactivate autostart Exit the Control dialog Activate autostart again Sample d
21. Measure a In the function bar select Stir or Stir The stirring rate will be increased or decreased by one step each time the OK key is pressed The algebraic sign changes the direction in which the stirring is done When the stirrer is viewed from above this means counterclockwise rotation clockwise rotation 848 Titrino plus 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation 3 Switch on the stirrer Inthe function bar select On and press OK The stirrer is started and stirs at the rate which has been set Off is now displayed in the function bar 4 Switch off the stirrer Inthe function bar select Off and press OK The stirrer is stopped 51 6 1 Basic settings 6 System settings 6 1 Basic settings User name Instrument name Serial number Program version Time Date Language 52 Menu gt System gt Settings This chapter contains a description of general instrument settings A user name can be entered here for the report This parameter will only be printed if a user has been defined Entry max 12 characters Default value empty A instrument name can be entered here for the report This parameter will only be printed if a designation has been defined Entry max 10 characters Default value empty Serial number of the instrument This is printed as a part of the instrument identification in the report header Version number of the instrument software This is p
22. Measuring accuracy Measuring mode U Measuring range Resolution Measuring accuracy 11 1 2 Polarizer Measuring mode Ipol Polarization current Measuring range Resolution Measuring accuracy A high ohm measuring input Ind for pH and redox electrodes and a measuring input for separate reference electrodes Ref gt 1 102Q lt 1 102A 13 20 0 001 0 003 1 digit without sensor error under reference conditions 1 200 1 200 mV 0 1 mV 0 2 mV 1 digit without sensor error under reference conditions A measuring input Pol for polarizable electrodes Determination with adjustable polarization current 120 120 pA increment 1 pA 125 121 pA 121 125 uA non guaranteed values dependent on reference voltage 2 5 V 1 200 1 200 mV 0 1 mV 0 2 mV 1 digit without sensor error under reference conditions 848 Titrino plus Measuring mode Upol Polarization voltage Measuring range Resolution Measuring accuracy 11 Technical specifications Determination with adjustable polarization voltage 1 200 1 200 mV increment 10 mV 1 250 1 210 mV 1 210 1 250 mV non guaranteed values dependent on reference voltage 2 5 V 120 120 pA 0 01 pA 11 1 3 Temperature Measuring range Pt1000 NTC Resolution Pt1000 NTC Measuring accu racy Pt1000 NTC 848 Titrino plus A measuring input Temp for temperature
23. Operation Method table Sasa Delete Export 2 Modifying applying the method name Inthe function bar select Store and press OK A method name will be suggested for new methods If the method has already been saved once then the method name will be displayed Me2iis Applying the name Press BACK The method will be saved and the method table is displayed Entering a new name Press OK The text editor opens Enter a method name max 12 characters and apply with Accept or BACK Press BACK The method will be saved and the method table is displayed 5 4 3 Loading a method To load a method proceed as follows 1 Open the method table n the main dialog select Method and press OK The method table with the stored methods opens 848 Titrino plus 27 5 4 Methods Me4155 Me4612 Mee Hew Store Delete Export 2 Select a method Select the desired method 3 Load the method Inthe function bar select Load and press OK The method is now loaded and is displayed in the main dialog under Method 5 4 4 Exporting a method The methods can be exported to a connected USB flash drive i Note This function is possible only if a USB flash drive is connected as an external storage medium To export a method proceed as follows 1 Opening the method table a n the main dialog select Method and press OK The method table with the stored methods opens Me4155
24. and applying them with OK Variable Description MIM Initial measured value i e measured value prior to the processing of the start conditions MSM Start measured value i e measured value after the pro cessing of the start conditions MCV End volume i e total dosed volume at the end of the titration ET Temperature at endpoint EP 1 9 EM Measured value of endpoint EP 1 9 ED Time at endpoint EP 1 9 MSV Start volume MEN Electrode zero point pH 0 MSL Electrode slope DD Duration of the entire determination MST Start temperature MCT End temperature FT Temperature at fixed endpoint FP 1 9 FM Measured value of fixed endpoint FP 1 9 FD Time at fixed endpoint FP 1 9 For Molw see the following section Calculation templates Pressing Templates displays a list with calculation templates You can apply these templates directly with OK 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation il Note Some templates contain the wildcard Molw which stands for the molar mass of the sample You must replace this wildcard with the cor rect value in the calculation formula The templates available Template Description Content Content in Unit of the sample size g Content mmol L Content in mmol L Unit of the sample size mL Content mol L Content in mol L Unit of the sample size mL
25. and press OK a Select the desired line 38 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation Inthe function bar select Edit and press OK 4 Editing the sample data Edit the sample data and apply with Accept or BACK i Note In addition to the sample data the method can also be modified except in cases where the determination is running 5 Displaying the live dialog a Select the menu item Live dialog in the main menu and press OK or Press BACK in the main dialog The live dialog is displayed once again Editing the sample data of the running determination When you use the sample table the editing of the sample data of the run ning determination proceeds as described in chapter 5 9 1 page 37 In addition you have the option of editing these in the sample table The first line always contains the sample data of the running determination Simply select for this purpose the Sample table see Editing the sample table page 38 menu item in the main menu 5 9 3 Editing the live parameters Certain method parameters can be edited while a determination is being carried out The only parameters that can be modified are those that can be selected Nevertheless all of the parameters are visible The modified parameters are taken into account at once If you modify for instance the start conditions after the start volume has been dosed then these modifications will not be taken into account until the next determi
26. apply with Accept or BACK Start the titration Press START The titration starts and the curve is displayed PH 5 9908 9 9818 mL 21 3 C peH amfi Stirrer The axes are scaled automatically The run is paused with Hold Continue is now displayed instead This can be used to continue the run The stirring rate can be modified during titration with the Stirrer function The following dialog is opened by pressing OK MEg Stir Stir The stirring rate can be reduced with Stir and increased with Stir Off switches the stirrer off On is displayed now instead This can be used to switch the stirrer back on This dialog is exited with BACK After the completion of the titration the results dialog is displayed 848 Titrino plus 5 9 5 9 1 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation pH 7 499 72 0 s ERC 85 7 Stop volume reached kecalo Statistics Canceling a determination manually A determination can be canceled at any time with the STOP key Live modifications Editing the sample data of the running determination The sample data can be entered or modified in the main dialog while a determination is running In calculations always the sample data entered at the end of the titration in the main dialog is used Proceed as follows to edit the sample data 1 Displaying the main dialog Press BACK The main dialog is displayed The determination continues to run in the background 2 Editin
27. conditioned without interruption for 10 sec onds Selection on off Default value on If this parameter is activated then the recommendation will be made to carry out the function PREP Preparing After the instrument is switched on Each time a buret unit is attached All tubing and the cylinder are rinsed with this function see Chapter 10 1 2 page 117 848 Titrino plus Temperature sensor R 25 C B value 848 Titrino plus 6 System settings Selection on off Default value on The instrument supports the use of two different temperature measure ment techniques NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient Pt1000 platinum resistance Select the type here that has been connected to the instrument If you use an NTC sensor it is required that two characteristics for the sensor be entered in addition These characteristics are listed in the specifications of the sensor Selection Pt1000 NTC Default value Pt1000 This parameter is visible only when Temperature sensor NTC Nominal resistance of the NTC sensor at 25 C Input range 1000 99999 ohm Default value 30000 ohm This parameter is visible only when Temperature sensor NTC Material constant of the NTC sensor B values of NTC sensors are fre quently based on different reference temperatures usually 25 C and 50 100 C Input range 1000 9999 K Default value 4100 K 55 6 2 Managing sensor
28. cross hair is used to show the current position on the curve The data volume measured value time etc for the respective measur ing point is indicated on the right hand side Recalculating o Note Recalculation cannot be undone All of the results are recalculated with the Recalculate function This is necessary if for example the calculation the titer or the sample size has been modified 5 11 Statistics Menu gt Results gt Statistics The statistical overview of a determination series can be displayed in the Results dialog with the Statistics function il Note This function is visible only if statistics has been activated 848 Titrino plus 41 42 5 11 Statistics Details Reset Increase On Off Meant3 gt 16 3 abs 8 66 t rel amp 5 Statistics 3 3 9 Reset Increase The mean value Mean the absolute and the relative standard deviation s abs and s rel are displayed in the overview For the mean value the number of individual results from which it has been calculated is displayed in parentheses In this example it is 3 The Statistics line shows how many determinations have already been carried out and how many deter minations are to be carried out in total All three determinations were car ried out in this example Display additional data Delete all statistics data Add a further determination to the determination series Displaying sta
29. defined in the method will be printed out Menu gt Manual control The following functions are available in the manual control Dosing Measuring Stirring Manual control Dosing Measure Stirrer mde DOS ADI The available subfunctions are listed for each function in the function bar 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation il Note The Stirrer function can only be selected if a stirrer is connected 5 13 1 Dosing The following dosing functions are available in the manual control Prepare buret unit Rinse the cylinder and tubings of the buret unit PREP see Chapter 10 1 2 page 117 Continuous dosing Dose while the START key is pressed DOS Dose fixed volume Dose a specified volume ADD Preparing the buret unit PREP The PREP function is used to rinse the cylinder and tubings of the buret unit and fill them air bubble free You should carry out this function before the first determination or once per day Proceed as follows 1 Open the manual control Inthe main dialog select Menu and press OK The main menu opens Select the menu item Manual control and press OK Manual control opens 2 Select the dosing function Select the Dosing item Dosing Measure Stirrer gee DOS ADD n the function bar select PREP and press OK The following message is displayed 848 Titrino plus 45 5 13 Manual Control Splash warning Hif 132 Check the buret tip It
30. dosing cylinder is filled If you start the filling with BACK then the dialog will also be exited Dosing a particular volume ADD You can dose a particular volume with the ADD function Proceed as follows 1 Open the manual control a n the main dialog select Menu and press OK The main menu opens Select the menu item Manual control and press OK Manual control opens 848 Titrino plus 47 5 13 Manual Control 2 Select the dosing function a Select the Dosing item Manual control Dosing Measure Stirrer aff Dosing rate Filling rate mL mirn Press START key 3 Configure the dosing function il Note The dosing and filling rate should be decreased for viscous liq uids The maximum dosing and filling rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 a Enter the desired volume Enter the dosing rate a Enter the filling rate 4 Start dosing Press START The status changes to busy the dosed volume is displayed When a cylinder volume has been added the dosing cylinder will be refilled automatically 5 Fill the cylinder Press STOP or BACK The dosing cylinder is filled If you start the filling with BACK then the dialog will also be exited 48 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation 5 13 2 Measuring Open the dialog for manual measurement as follows 1 Open the manual control n the main dialog select Menu and press OK The main m
31. endpoints sample data etc Selection on off Default value off Curve report The width of the curve is defined in the system settings see Graphics width page 64 Selection on off Default value off 848 Titrino plus Calculations Statistics Measuring point list Parameters PC LIMS 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Output of the calculation formulas for the individual results The results are printed with the maximum resolution This makes recalculation with an external program possible The following data is printed out in addition when Statistics is switched on Result and sample size of the individual determinations Mean value as well as absolute and relative standard deviation Selection on off Default value off Output of the measuring point list Selection on off Default value off All of the parameters of the current method are printed out with the para meter report Selection on off Default value off The PC LIMS report is a machine readable report with all of the data important for a determination The PC LIMS report can be saved as a TXT file on a USB storage medium or sent via an RS 232 interface to a LIMS The output location is defined in the system settings see PC LIMS report page 63 The file name of the TXT file is constructed as follows PC_LIMS_Report ID1 YYYYMMDD hhmmss txt Selection on off Default value off 109 7 4 pH calibr
32. of the sample Determination of the content of a standard solution which will be taken into account during the content determination of the sample The common variables have the non changeable designation CV01 CVO5 The value is displayed for every variable No unit can be assigned to the common variables See the following chapter for editing the data of the selected common variable Set the selected common variable to invalid 848 Titrino plus 6 System settings 6 4 2 Editing common variables The common variables can be modified as follows a Manually in this dialog a Automatic assignment from the determination run A calculation result must be configured accordingly for this purpose see below Assigning a result automatically to a common variable Proceed as follows 1 Opening the editing dialog of the result Select the menu item Parameters gt Calculation and press OK Select the result whose value is to be assigned to a common vari able Inthe function bar select Edit and press OK Edit result Result name Ri Decimal places Result unit Save as titer 2 Adjusting the result properties Select the parameter Save as CV and press OK Select the entry on in the selection list and apply with OK The assignment of the result to a common variable occurs automatically according to the following scheme a Result R1 Common Variable CVO1 a Result R2 Common Variable CVO2
33. pol determinations Input range 1250 1250 mV Increment 10 Default value 400 mV 848 Titrino plus Electrode test Stirrer Stirring rate Temperature Titration direction 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters For polarizable electrodes an electrode test can be carried out A check is made that the electrode is properly connected and that no short circuit is present The electrode test is carried out when the determination is star ted This parameter is available only with I pol and U pol determinations Selection on off Default value off When this parameter is switched on then the stirrer is switched on at the start of the determination Selection on off Default value on Setting the stirring rate It can be set in steps of 15 to 15 The default setting 8 corresponds to 1000 U min The formula for calculating the rota tional speed is specified in chapter 10 2 page 118 The optimum stirring rate can be tested in the manual control The algebraic sign of the stirring rate changes the direction in which the stirring is done When the stirrer is viewed from above this means a counterclockwise rotation a clockwise rotation Input range 15 15 Default value 8 Manually entered titration temperature If a temperature sensor is connec ted then the temperature will be measured continuously This value is used for temperature correction in pH measurements Input range 20 0 1
34. see Chapter 7 3 4 page 102 848 Titrino plus 115 9 2 Miscellaneous Problem Cause Remedy The electrode responds too Replace the electrode slowly 9 2 Miscellaneous Problem Cause Remedy No report is printed The printer is not recog nized by the instrument Switch the 848 Titrino plus off and on again Use a hub on the USB connector and con nect the printer to the hub The printer model is not compatible Use a printer which fulfills the required specifi cations see Chapter 10 4 4 page 121 The USB keyboard or the PC mouse does not function The keyboard or mouse is not recognized by the instrument Switch the 848 Titrino plus off and on again Use a hub on the USB connector and con nect the keyboard or mouse to the hub The keyboard or the mouse is not compatible Use a model which fulfills the required specifi cations see Chapter 10 4 page 119 The display is no longer readable The contrast is set incor rectly Adjust the contrast correctly see Chapter 6 1 page 52 Mettler XP balances send R or O ee as ID1 The automatic calibration of the balance is switched on Switch off the automatic calibration Message 020 511 Action not possi ble is displayed The USB stick is no longer connected Connect the USB stick Switch the instrument off and on again The USB Stick is full Use a different USB stick
35. sensors of the Pt1000 or NTC type with automatic temperature compensation R 25 C and B value can be configured for NTC sensors 150 250 C 5 250 C For an NTC sensor with R 25 C 30 000 Q and B 25 50 4 100 K 0 1 C 0 1 C 0 2 C applies for measuring range 20 150 C 0 6 C applies for measuring range 10 40 C 131 132 11 2 Dosing drive 11 2 Dosing drive Resolution 10 000 steps per cylinder volume Exchange unit Cylinder volume 1mL 5mL 10mL 20mL 50mL Accuracy Fulfills ISO DIN standard 8655 3 11 3 Interfaces USB OTG connec For connecting USB devices tor MSB connector For connecting a stirrer Remote connector For connecting instruments with a remote interface 11 4 Mains connection Voltage 100 240 V 10 Frequency 50 60 Hz Power consump 45 W tion Fuse 2 x 2 0 ATH electronic overload protection 11 5 Safety specifications This instrument fulfills the following electrical safety requirements CE designation in accordance with the EU directives 2006 95 EC Low Voltage Directive LVD 2004 108 EC EMC Directive EMC Federal Inspectorate for Heavy Current Installations ESTI Accreditation Number SCESp 033 Safety mark for certification type 2 in accordance with NEV type testing with market monitoring EMC conformity 848 Titrino plus wt ER TEx W Design and testing Safety instructions 11 6 Emi
36. solution from the solution list We recommend always selecting the solution This ensures that the correct data titer concentra tion etc is always used for the calculation Solutions are defined under System gt Solutions For buret units with integrated data chip a check is made in the method run to verify whether the correct solution has been attached and whether the type of dosing drive matches For buret units without integrated data chip the cylinder volume and the type of dosing drive are checked The validity of the titer is checked for the selected solution at the start of the determination Selection of configured solution not defined not defined Selection Default value 87 7 2 Monotonic equivalence point titrations MET pol U pol Electrode test Stirrer Stirring rate 88 not defined No check takes place The polarization current is the current that is applied at a polarizable elec trode during the voltametric measurement This parameter is available only with I pol determinations Input range 125 125 pA Increment 1 Default value 5 pA The polarization voltage is the voltage applied to the polarizable electrode during an amperometric measurement This parameter is available only with U pol determinations Input range 1250 1250 mV Increment 10 Default value 400 mV For polarizable electrodes an electrode test can be carried out A check is made that the
37. stopcock FEP tubing connection anti diffusion buret tip and standard amber glass reagent bottle Volume mL 5 6 3026 210 Exchange Unit 10 mL Exchange unit with integrated data chip with 10 mL glass cylinder and light pro tection PCTFE PTFE flat stopcock FEP tubing connection anti diffusion buret tip and standard amber glass reagent bottle Volume mL 10 6 3026 220 Exchange Unit 20 mL Exchange unit with integrated data chip with 20 mL glass cylinder and light pro tection PCTFE PTFE flat stopcock FEP tubing connection anti diffusion buret tip and standard amber glass reagent bottle Volume mL 20 848 Titrino plus 13 Accessories Order no Description 6 3026 250 Exchange Unit 50 mL Exchange unit with integrated data chip with 50 mL glass cylinder and light pro tection PCTFE PTFE flat stopcock FEP tubing connection anti diffusion buret tip and standard amber glass reagent bottle Volume mL 50 6 5501 200 Spectrosense 523 nm for Titrando Titrino plus Sensor for titration with photometric endpoint recognition incl cables for power supply and measuring input and mirror light path 22 mm 6 5501 210 Spectrosense 610 nm for Titrando Titrino plus Sensor for titration with photometric endpoint recognition incl cables for power supply and measuring input and mirror light path 22 mm 6 9988 483 Validation Documentation for 848 English 848 Titrino plus 1
38. that the user have basic knowledge and experience in the handling of toxic and caustic substances Knowledge with respect to the application of the fire preven tion measures prescribed for laboratories is also mandatory 1 2 About the documentation Q Caution Please read through this documentation carefully before putting the instrument into operation The documentation contains information and warnings which the user must follow in order to ensure safe opera tion of the instrument 848 Titrino plus 1 2 1 848 Titrino plus 1 Introduction Symbols and conventions The following symbols and formatting may appear in this documentation 5 12 Cross reference to figure legend The first number refers to the figure number the sec ond to the instrument part in the figure 1 Instruction step Carry out these steps in the sequence shown Method Dialog text parameter in the software File gt New Menu or menu item Next Button or key A Warning This symbol draws attention to a possible life hazard or risk of injury Warning This symbol draws attention to a possible hazard due to electrical current Warning This symbol draws attention to a possible hazard due to heat or hot instrument parts Warning This symbol draws attention to a possible biological hazard Caution This symbol draws attention to a possible damage of instruments or instrument parts Note
39. the instrument 3 1 2 Checks Immediately after receipt check whether the shipment has arrived com plete and without damage by comparing it with the delivery note 3 1 3 Location The instrument has been developed for operation indoors and may not be used in explosive environments Place the instrument in a location of the laboratory which is suitable for operation free of vibrations protected from corrosive atmosphere and contamination by chemicals The instrument should be protected against excessive temperature fluctu ations and direct sunlight 3 2 Connecting a sensor Connecting pH or redox electrodes Figure 3 Connecting pH or redox electrodes 848 Titrino plus 10 3 2 Connecting a sensor i Note The electrode cable is protected against accidental disconnection of the cable by means of a pull out protection feature If you wish to remove the plug then you must first retract the outer plug sleeve Connecting a reference electrode Figure4 Connecting a reference electrode Connecting a temperature sensor or an electrode with inte grated temperature sensor Temperature sensors of the Pt1000 or NTC type can be connected to the Temp connector Figure 5 Connecting a temperature sensor i Note The red plug must always be plugged into the red socket at the temper ature sensor for the purpose of shielding against disruptions If you use an electrode with an integrated NTC probe the
40. value g User defined A user defined unit can be created This will be added to the selection list The previous entry will be overwritten as soon as the new unit has been defined 5 6 2 Requesting sample data at the start of the determination 848 Titrino plus The sample data can be requested immediately after the start of the deter mination in order to ensure that the sample data entry is not forgotten This automatic request is indispensable when you reweigh your samples He4i55 hold Sample size 1 4 Unit gq Press START key to continue The corresponding parameters must be activated under Start conditions for this purpose If the parameter Hold at request is activated then the run will be paused and must be continued with START after the input of the sample data If Hold at request is deactivated then the titration will be started in the background This dialog will be displayed until the entering of the sample data is confirmed with START even if the the titration is already completed This ensures that the sample data is availa ble for calculations 31 5 7 Sample table 5 7 Sample table 5 7 1 General The sample table is a table in which the sample data for up to 99 samples can be entered The sample data can also be entered while a determina tion is running see Chapter 5 9 2 page 38 Activating the sample table Proceed as follows to activate the sample table parameter Sample table on 1 Op
41. 43 144 Index Index A Adapter Connecti aeei ees ood 12 B Backulpit niet Mitel Me 62 Bala NCE er aee 35 118 CONNECTA a i 12 Interface parameters 64 Balance type ossis 64 Buffers CALE erste oot omic ile 112 Buret unit Preparing PREP 00 45 Cc CAL Parameters 0ceeee 110 Calculation 00 2 79 93 106 Deletes iasta 80 94 106 310 eepe tars 79 94 106 Numerical format 127 Rounding off process 128 Calibration parameters CAL e tio te a tied het gt 110 Common variable 0cce 60 Edi Common Variable Deletes aneha aa 60 Set to invalid wo eee 60 Conditioning S a EE E dat 97 Contrast 225i aA ois 54 CONTON at Se 29 Autosta ai pia aeia 29 Sample table 008 29 Control parameters SET ee e e eae 102 CUNE oaea n aeae a aS 41 D DET taAa E EARR LZ Parameters cccceeeeeeeeee 68 Determination Cancel dai a ee ee 37 CIV OUt gr aa 35 R s lt oe a 40 Diagnosis ee a aea 67 Dialog language s s s 52 Load 66 Dialog type eeeeeeeeteettesteeees 53 Directory structure s 62 Dosing Continuous DOS oo 46 Fixed volume ADD 47 Dosing rate XIMUN enian 117 E Electrode Conectare e aa Rie 9 Electrode connector pH electrode 0 ceeee 8 Polarizable electrode 8 Redox electrode 8 Reference electrode 8 Electrostatic charge eee 5
42. 50 0 C Default value 25 0 C The titration direction is normally determined automatically from the start measured value and the set endpoint It is recommended that whenever possible a positive or negative alteration of the measured value is entered If two endpoints have been set then the titration direction will be defined automatically In this case the setting will be ignored Selection auto Default value auto 101 102 7 3 Endpoint titrations SET Extraction time Time interval MP Positive measured value alteration i e in the direction of a higher pH value greater voltage or greater current Negative measured value alteration i e in the direction of a lower pH value lesser voltage or lesser current auto The titration direction is determined automatically from the start meas ured value and the set endpoint Minimum duration of the titration Titration will not be stopped during the extraction time even if the endpoint has already been reached Titration is however stopped if a stop condition is fulfilled during this time see Chap ter 7 3 6 page 105 The entry of an extraction time may be advisable e g for the titration of sparingly soluble samples Input range 0 999999 s Default value Os Time interval for entering a measuring point in the measuring point list The measuring point list is limited to 1000 measuring points Input range 0 1 999999 0 s Default value 2
43. 848 Titrino plus Manual 8 848 8008EN 2 Metrohm 2 Metrohm Metrohm AG CH 9100 Herisau Switzerland Phone 41 71 353 85 85 Fax 41 71 353 8901 info metrohm com www metrohm com 848 Titrino plus 8 848 8008EN 08 2012 jb ebe Teachware Metrohm AG CH 9100 Herisau teachware metrohm com This documentation is protected by copyright All rights reserved Although all the information given in this documentation has been checked with great care errors cannot be entirely excluded Should you notice any mistakes please send us your comments using the address given above Documentation in additional languages can be found on http documents metrohm com Table of contents Table of contents 848 Titrino plus 1 Introduction 1 1 1 Instrument description 0 00 00 ce eceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeees 1 1121 Titration and measuring Modes z2cvessorsacesrurnarisinedeieeatnrnanterans s 1 1 1 2 GONNECTOLS senii aE E E E E a a 2 1 1 3 tended Use rnaar n E reaiehisuct 2 1 2 About the documentation eee 2 1 2 1 Symbols and CONVENTIONS ccsvsientassiunateiuidtanirendedekyadseddeltauar 3 1 3 Safety MStructiOns j h shite oGdieiidanh lel dais 4 1 3 1 General notes ON safety cccccccceesseesseecseeessseeettseeesseessaees 4 1 3 2 Electrical safety ih aa al a Sed AN Se eee ao 4 1 3 3 Tubing and capillary CONNECTIONS 000 0 ccc eee cee ete eeeeettaeees 5 1 3 4 Flammable solvents and chemicals cccccceeesee
44. Buffer type Special Input range 20 000 20 000 Default value 7 000 This parameter is visible only when Buffer type Special Input range 20 000 20 000 Default value 4 000 Selection off This parameter is visible only when Buffer type Special 848 Titrino plus Buffer 4 pH Buffer 5 pH 7 4 3 Reports Results Parameters PC LIMS 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Input range 20 000 20 000 Selection off Default value off See Buffer 3 pH See Buffer 3 pH Menu gt Parameters gt Reports The reports that will be printed out automatically in connection with a cal ibration are defined under Reports The result report contains the specifications for the calibration slope pH 0 etc Selection on off Default value off All of the parameters of the current method are printed out with the para meter report Selection on off Default value off The PC LIMS report is a machine readable report with all of the data important for a determination The PC LIMS report can be saved as a TXT file on a USB storage medium or sent via an RS 232 interface to a LIMS The output location is defined in the system settings see PC LIMS report page 63 The file name of the TXT file is constructed as follows PC_LIMS_Report ID1 YYYYMMDD hhmmss txt Selection on off Default value off 113 8 1 Quality Management and validation with Metrohm 8 Operation and ma
45. Content g L Content in g L Unit of the sample size mL Content ppm Content in ppm Unit of the sample size g Titer Titer calculation Unit of the sample size g Blank mean value Blank value as mean value of single results Blank single value Blank value as single value 5 4 Methods 5 4 1 Creating a new method Proceed as follows to create a new method 1 Open the method table n the main dialog select Method and press OK The method table opens 848 Titrino plus 25 5 4 Methods Method table Load GER Store Delete Export 2 Select a titration and measuring mode In the function bar select New and press OK Hew method Mode Measured quantity Select Mode and press OK Select the desired titration mode in the selection list and apply with OK Select Measured quantity and press OK Select the desired measuring mode in the selection list and apply with OK Press BACK The method is now loaded and is displayed in the main dialog under Method If a new method has been created then the individual parameters can be modified under Menu gt Parameters 5 4 2 Saving a method If you modify method parameters then you can save these as your own method A maximum of 100 methods can be saved To save a method proceed as follows 1 Opening the method table In the main dialog select Method and press OK The method table opens 26 848 Titrino plus 5
46. E TR 108 7 3 9 REPOMS 53 wis reeretatei a arituen ai iarere eid iane atea 108 7 4 pH calibration CAL 000 000 0000 ee cece eee teeteeaes 110 7 4 1 Calibration parameters ses tecslarsSeuitstte hs dekalincnms uct hedias 110 BND BUTS rece vedere int de tate mater ss tale nan Nat hee neues edt kane 112 7 4 3 REPOMS ai hiiia ana ee a e a files 113 8 Operation and maintenance 114 8 1 Quality Management and validation with Metrohm 114 9 Troubleshooting 115 9 1 SET titration ss jeeps tesa ota tacalont advatad aantratisatate ean eaten 115 9 2 Miscellaneous iie e e EA EN 116 VI Table of contents 10 Appendix 13 Accessories 117 10 1 Exchange unit alee aan 117 40 1 1 Maximum dosing and filling rate sicsicccietshtaccncectiateadienerracttas 117 10 1 2 Parameters for the preparing PREP cccescessseeereeeeee 117 10 2 Stirring rates ea inte ae 118 10 3 BANA CC seria ee etd ten tsa eign d es a vionahaadie a aan 118 10 4 USB devices in a e i cece a ei 119 10 4 1 6 2147 000 numerical USB keypad ccccceeeeeeeetteeees 119 10 4 2 Key assignment of a USB keyboard s s s 120 1043 PC MOUSE asninn Sinn eae les tee 120 1AA Printe enr eitera R te Ae tact 121 10 5 System initialization eee eeeete eee eeeeteeeeeeneees 121 10 6 Remote interface acces cite hail ence cones ncenie 122 10 6 1 Pin assignment of the remote interface cette 122 10 6 2 Status diagram of the remote interface 0 0 2 124 10 7 R
47. E ts 11 SUMING rate sss ioiai eei 118 Stop conditions DET AY ela ene Some Na cane ae SET eiaa ea Switch off Switch on System Settings cieee 52 T Temperature sensor CONNECT noyat a 9 POX IN PUP saci el one nesta 22 Titration mode DEM ariu aE 1 MER setie ubtedab cheated 1 SEW yep cad cea aaa 1 Titration parameters DED sit saativyns esis n tains 69 MET Asatte es egian medai 84 SEP eanna teense 100 U Update Dialog language 66 Program version 000 66 USB voee ra arta e 119 umerical keypad 119 PC keyboard eeereeeeee 120 POANMOUSE ihain ee 120 PRIN TOR eis set ssa ol delta ead 121 USB OTG COMME CORY seg orci n 8 USB device Adapter kerane aessa 12 CONNECT n i oie a a 12 USB flash drive Directory structure 62 USOR MAME atra a 52 V Validation e 114 Ww Walranty a acnt se sais 135 145
48. EP are localized in a way similar to the Tubbs method 1 2 The volume value of the equivalence point V is shifted from the point of inflection see arrow towards the smaller circle of curva ture for real asymmetric titration curves 1 C F Tubbs Anal Chem 1954 26 1670 1671 2 E Bartholom E Biekert H Hellmann H Ley M Weigert E Weise Ullmanns Encyklop die der technischen Chemie Bd 5 Verlag Chemie Weinheim 1980 S 659 848 Titrino plus 7 1 5 7 1 5 1 Edit 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters aPH gt Ve V mL Figure 20 Tubbs method for determining the equivalence point The figure shows that the evaluation also requires measuring points from the measuring point list after the equivalence point as well For the recognition of the EPs found the set EP criterion is compared with the ERC Equivalence point Recognition Criterion found The ERC is the first derivative of the titration curve combined with a mathematical func tion which is more sensitive for flat jumps than for steeper ones EPs whose ERC is smaller than the defined EP criterion will not be recognized The ERC is displayed in the results dialog for each discovered and recog nized EP If you adjust the EP criterion after the fact in order to recognize more or fewer EPs then you can initiate the reevaluation in the results dia log with the Recalc key Calculation General Menu gt Parameters gt Calculation A max
49. ET titration 9 Troubleshooting Problem Cause Remedy The titration will not be finished The minimum dosing rate is too low Define Titration rate user and increase minimum rate Min rate see Chapter 7 3 4 page 102 The stop criterion is unsuit able Adjust the control parameters see Chapter 7 3 4 page 102 Increase the stop drift Select a short delay time The sample is over titrated The control parameters are unsuitable Adjust the control parameters see Chapter 7 3 4 page 102 Select Titration rate slow Define Titration rate user and increase the control range Define Titration rate user and reduce maximum rate Max rate Define Titration rate user and reduce minimum rate Min rate Stir faster Arrange the electrode and buret tip to an optimum The electrode responds too slowly Replace the electrode The titration time is too long The control parameters are unsuitable Adjust the control parameters see Chapter 7 3 4 page 102 Select Titration rate optimal or fast Define Titration rate user and reduce the control range Define Titration rate user and increase maximum rate Max rate Define Titration rate user and increase minimum rate Min rate The results are spread widely The minimum dosing rate is too high Define Titration rate user and reduce min imum rate Min rate
50. IS cay rst teased e aa E E T 7 Real 848 Titrino plUS inea anol si ar a Ni aa 8 Connecting pH or redox electrodes 0 ccceccceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeesenreeeeees 9 Connecting a reference electrode eeececececeseeeceeeeeeeeeeeteeteeeneeeees 10 Connecting a temperature SCNSOM oo eee eeeeceeeeceeeteeeeeetereeeenetteeeenees 10 Connecting a polarizable electrode eee ceceeeeeeeceeeeeeeneteeeteeteteeees 11 Connecting a SIFTER ee eeececeeceeeeceeeteeeeeeeneeeeeeneueeeetstecenecueeeeteneeeetents 11 Connecting a palanite sna cut oes e E E i EA 12 Connecting USB deVicES siren a E AER TaN 13 Connecting th USBStiCk siare drains eiei e a E E 14 Connecting the 6 2147 000 USB keyboard with USB stick and PrIntE siii A a A e hy a 14 Connecting the USB hub with USB stick printer and the 6 2 148 030 RS 232 USB Box for connecting balances ccceeeeeceetteeeeteteees 15 Connecting a remote cable oxi idesiiiiecd aitinys Wau Mend Mecaeadiohants 15 Attaching the exchange unit cccccceceseececeeteeseeeeeseeeeeeeenteeeeaes 16 Reagentdosing tor DET aoca1 css conte law ae a a 17 Reagent dosing for MET cas ae cet deco sald erate othe to DG 17 Reagent dosing for SEM asa aigtestu tee ad aeikes hice thisee hs ale dacs alae aoane 18 k ypad 848 TITINO PIUS arrene tnana ei ET rA 20 Directory structure on the USB flash drive cecceecceeeeeeeeeeteeeteees 62 Tubbs method for determining the equivalence point 0 0 79 Rotat
51. OO Complete list of the variables see page 23 The values of the variables are only available after the end of a determina tion in the status ready Acknowledgement of Comment OK Command executed E1 Method not found E2 Invalid variable E3 Invalid command 10 8 Arithmetic algorithms in the 848 Titrino plus 848 Titrino plus Numerical format The software of the 848 Titrino plus calculates in accordance with the widespread standard IEEE 754 IEEE Standard for Binary Floating Point Arithmetic for Microprocessor Systems This means that the numbers are used in calculations in double precision 64 bit Decimal numbers are converted into binary numbers in the computer and used in this form for calculations The output on the display and in reports once again contains decimal numbers the binary numbers are thus converted back into deci mal numbers In order to be able to check the internal calculations per formed by the computer yourself in accordance with IEEE 754 the num bers are reproduced in the calculation report in complete accuracy A min 127 10 8 Arithmetic algorithms in the 848 Titrino plus imal difference may arise between an originally entered decimal number and the internal computer representation in complete accuracy in the range of the rear decimal places This difference results from the fact that an exact binary equivalent does not exist for every decimal number If for example you ente
52. This symbol marks additional information and tips 1 3 Safety instructions 1 3 Safety instructions 1 3 1 General notes on safety A Warning This instrument may only be operated in accordance with the specifica tions in this documentation This instrument has left the factory in a flawless state in terms of technical safety To maintain this state and ensure non hazardous operation of the instrument the following instructions must be observed carefully 1 3 2 Electrical safety The electrical safety when working with the instrument is ensured as part of the international standard IEC 61010 A Warning Only personnel qualified by Metrohm are authorized to carry out service work on electronic components A Warning Never open the housing of the instrument The instrument could be damaged by this There is also a risk of serious injury if live components are touched There are no parts inside the housing which can be serviced or replaced by the user Mains voltage A Warning An incorrect mains voltage can damage the instrument Only operate this instrument with a mains voltage specified for it see rear panel of the instrument 848 Titrino plus 1 3 3 1 3 4 1 3 5 848 Titrino plus 1 Introduction Protection against electrostatic charges A Warning Electronic components are sensitive to electrostatic charges and can be destroyed by discharges Do not fail to pull the mains cable
53. USB flash drive in a directory with the instrument number e g 848 or 863 You can distinguish between language files and program files by noting how the file name is constructed Program files They are instrument specific The file name has the following structure 5XXXyyyy bin where XXX Instrument type e g 848 for the 848 Titrino plus yyyy Program version Language files They can be recognized by means of the two digit language code in the file name A language file contains the dialog texts for various instrument types It is not instrument specific The file name has the following struc ture 5848xxxxYY bin where xxxx Version number YY Language e g DE German FR French ES Spanish Loading a file Proceed as follows 1 Connecting the USB flash drive a Plug in the USB flash drive with the 6 2151 100 adapter USB MINI OTG USB A at the instrument s USB port Switch on the instrument 2 Opening the update dialog a Under Menu gt System gt Diagnosis select the menu item Software update Press OK 848 Titrino plus 6 7 2 848 Titrino plus 6 System settings Software update Program version 58486611 Press CSTART key to continue 3 Opening the file selection Press OK The selection list with the program and language files present on the USB flash drive opens 4 Selecting the file Use the arrow keys to select the required file Press OK 5 Star
54. USB hub and two USB con nectors 13 3 5 Connecting a keyboard printer and other USB devices The following devices can only be connected to a 6 2147 000 numerical keypad or to a USB hub m Printer with USB connector use the 6 2151 020 connecting cable Barcode reader with USB cable Mouse PC mouse with USB cable for navigating in the dialog The following devices can only be connected to a USB hub PC keyboard with USB cable for the comfortable input of letters and numbers Keypad with numerical keypad with USB cable If you wish to connect several different instruments without own power supply then you must possibly use a USB hub with own power supply self powered The USB OTG connector of the 848 Titrino plus is not designed for supplying power to several devices with elevated electric ity requirements Also observe the instructions in chapter 10 4 page 119 Examples USB MINI OTG USB 1 6 2151 100 Figure 10 Connecting the USB stick USB MINI OTG USB LUSB stick usB 6 2151 100 Keypad woo e Oy Figure 11 Connecting the 6 2147 000 USB keyboard with USB stick and printer 848 Titrino plus 3 Installation USB MINI OTG USB RS 232 USB Box off lt USB Hub 6 2151 100 6 2148 030 USB stick Figure 12 Connecting the USB hub with USB stick pr
55. aders are so called HID devices Human Interface Device and can be connected via a USB hub only Printers should also be connected via a USB hub Depending on the manufacturer or printer type a direct connection is however possible 6 2147 000 numerical USB keypad The Num Lock key must be pressed for navigating in the dialog The arrow keys are effective in conjunction with it The respective editing dialog must be opened for the numerical input Table 4 Key assignment Key of the 848 Titrino plus or Key on the numerical USB function in the editing dialog keypad BACK Home 1 2 t lt gt gt OK Enter BS backspace Clear Del Accept Home 119 10 4 USB devices 10 4 2 Key assignment of a USB keyboard A commercially available USB keyboard can be connected to make it eas ier to enter text and numbers The respective editing dialog must be opened for the text input and numerical input Table5 Key assignment Key of the 848 Titrino plus or Key on the USB keyboard function in the editing dialog BACK Esc t 2 tI e gt OK enter key or Enter on the numerical keypad STOP Ctrl S START Ctrl G lt backspace Clear Delete Cancel Ctrl Q Accept Esc Note The lettering of the USB keyboard may differ from above let
56. al func tion Switch the instrument on or off START Start a method run or a manual function 20 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation 5 2 2 Structure of the dialog windows Settings ySensors Solutions Common Variables File management rExternal devices Diagnosis The current dialog title is displayed on the left hand side of the title bar The current status of the system is displayed in the upper right hand cor ner ready The instrument is in normal status cond busy The working medium is being conditioned cond ok The working medium is conditioned busy A method has been started hold A method has been paused Some dialogs have a so called function bar on the bottom line The func tions contained therein can be selected with the arrow keys e or and executed with OK Reagent 2 Sees Hew Delete 5 2 3 Navigating in the dialog The selection bar is displayed in inverted style Use the arrow keys ft and 2 to move the selection bar upward or downward one line at a time If a dialog text is marked with gt then additional settings are available in a subordinate dialog Use OK to access this dialog Example System settings Sett ings Sensors 2Soalutions gt Common Variables File management rExternal devices tDiagnosis 848 Titrino plus 21 22 5 2 Fundamentals of operation Use the BACK key to return to the next higher level 5 2 4 Entering text and numbers Hame HECDEFGHI
57. anual of the balance 3 5 Connecting a keyboard printer and other USB devi ces The 848 Titrino plus has a USB OTG connector Use the provided 6 2151 100 adapter USB MINI OTG USB A for connecting USB devices as e g printers keyboards or USB sticks see the following figure 848 Titrino plus 848 Titrino plus 3 Installation 6 2151 100 Figure 9 Connecting USB devices Q Caution Switch the instrument off before connecting or disconnecting a USB device or a USB stick The 848 Titrino plus can only recognize the device immediately after switching on The following devices can be operated directly on the USB connector with the 6 2151 100 adapter USB sticks for the backup or storing of methods 6 2147 000 numerical USB keypad 6 2148 030 RS 232 USB Box for connecting balances or for the RS 232 remote control a USB hub with or without an own power supply The 6 2147 000 numerical USB keypad serves for comfortable numer ical input and for navigating in the dialog In addition it provides two USB connectors Connect additional USB devices to the keypad Note Most of the USB devices need a so called hub in order to work cor rectly A USB hub is a distributor to which several USB devices can be connec ted USB hubs are available in specialty stores in a number of different models The USB OTG connector of the 848 Titrino plus has no such hub The 6 2147 000 numerical USB keypad has a
58. asuring mode CAL START START 1 Buffer EOD 2 Buffer EOD ready EOD TL m Output 0 Activ Dos t Output 1 l 1 i Titr Determ i p__ Output 2 condOK _ ___ uttput 3 Error m Output 4 j i i Start E oon Input 0 Input 1 Stop Figure 25 Remote status diagram CAL EOD End of Determination Remote control via an RS 232 connection The 848 Titrino plus can be remote controlled via an RS 232 connection For this a 6 2148 030 RS 232 USB Box is necessary Connect the RS 232 USB Box to the USB interface of the instrument The RS 232 USB Box has two connectors for RS 232 instruments The RS 232 remote control functions only through the connector RS 232 2 The connector RS 232 1 is designed for connection with a balance Con nect the RS 232 2 connector of the RS 232 USB Box to a serial interface COM interface marked with the symbol IOIOI of a PC Use a 6 2134 040 connection cable 6 2134 040 Figure 26 Connecting the RS 232 USB Box to the PC 125 10 7 Remote control via an RS 232 connection Interface parameters We recommend the following parameters for the RS 232 interface COM2 Baud rate 19200 Data bits 8 Stop bits 1 Parity none Handshake software On the 848 Titrino plus adjust the interface parameters under Menu gt System gt External devices gt COM2 settings Transfer protocol The data communication is synchronous On each comma
59. ata You can enter the sample data identification sample size etc in a vari ety of ways Directly in the main dialog Using the sample table This is particularly useful with sample series The sample table is a table in which the sample data for up to 99 sam ples can be entered see Chapter 5 7 page 32 Automatic request immediately after the start of the determination see Chapter 5 6 2 page 31 You can also send the sample size and the unit from a connected balance in any case With some balances the sample identification and method can be also sent see Chapter 10 3 page 118 Entering sample data in the main dialog For a sample you can enter the sample data directly in the main dialog even while the determination is running see Chapter 5 9 page 37 Menu Method Iti Itz Sample size Unit Sample identification The sample identification can be used in calculations as the variable C11 Entry max 10 characters Default value empty 848 Titrino plus ID2 Sample size Unit 5 Operation Sample identification The sample identification can be used in calculations as the variable C12 Entry max 10 characters Default value empty Sample size The value of the sample size can be used in calculations as the variable COO Input range 999999999 9999999999 Default value 1 0 Unit of the sample size Selection g mg pg mL pL pieces User defined Default
60. ation CAL 7 4 pH calibration CAL 7 4 1 Calibration parameters Signal drift Min waiting time Max waiting time Temperature 110 Menu gt Parameters gt Calibration parameters The parameters that influence the sequence of the entire calibration are defined under Calibration parameters Maximum permissible drift for the measured value acceptance i e maxi mum change of the measured value per minute Input range 0 1 999 0 mV min Default value 2 0 mV min Selection off off Measured value acceptance will take place after the maximum waiting time has elapsed This can be useful when the electrode is slow to respond The measured value is not accepted until the minimum waiting time has elapsed even if the signal drift has already been reached The minimum waiting time is only important for drift controlled measurements Input range 0 999999 s Default value 10s If signal drift has been switched off or has not yet been reached then the measured value will be accepted when the maximum waiting time has elapsed Input range 0 999999 s Default value 110s Manually entered calibration temperature If a temperature sensor is con nected then the temperature will be measured continuously The temperature can also be entered during the run Input range 20 0 150 0 C Default value 25 0 C 848 Titrino plus Sensor Stirrer Stirring rate Sample changer 848 Titrino plus
61. correctly The printers that have the designation ESC POS are so called POS printers point of sale printers i e they print on continuous paper Selection Citizen ESC POS Custom ESC POS Epson Epson ESC POS HP DeskJet HP LaserJet Seiko ESC POS Default value HP DeskJet 63 6 6 Configuring external devices Graphics width Keyboard layout Balance 64 Adjust the width of the curve to be printed out to the paper width of the printer to be used The default value depends on the selected printer The height of the curve is 2 3 of the width Input range 100 3000 Pixels A commercially available USB keyboard can be connected to make it eas ier to enter text and numbers Specify the country specific keyboard lay out Selection English US French FR German CH German DE Spanish ES Default value English US If you have connected a balance then you must define the balance type here Selection AND Mettler Mettler AT Mettler AX Ohaus Precisa Sartorius Shimadzu Default value Sartorius The following table indicates the balance type that needs to be selected for the balance model Balance Balance type AND AND Mettler AB AE AG AM Mettler AJ PE PM PJ PR XP XS Mettler AT Mettler AT Mettler AX MX UMX PG Mettler AX AB S PB S Ohaus Voyager Explorer Ohaus Analytical Plus Precisa Precisa Sartorius Sartorius S
62. culated results is available for the calculations Definition can be made for each calculation as to whether the result is to be saved as a titer or as a common variable EFRA Delete The result name is specified in the list for each calculation Edit the data of the selected calculation see following chapter Delete the selected calculation 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters 7 3 7 2 Editing a calculation Result name Decimal places Result unit Save as titer Save as CV 848 Titrino plus The result name is the text which will be shown in the result view and in the report Entry 12 characters Default value empty Shows the calculation formula A special editor is opened for the defini tion see Chapter 5 3 page 23 Entry 44 characters Default value empty Number of decimal places used to display the result Input range 0 5 Default value 2 The result unit is displayed and saved together with the result Selection mol L mmol L g L mg L mg mL ppm g mg mL mg piece C pL mL min User defined Default value User defined A user defined unit can be created This will be added to the selection list The previous entry will be overwritten as soon as the new unit has been defined A blank entry can be generated this way as well The result can be saved as titer for this selected solution If statistics has been switched on then the current mean value of the d
63. data sets with the keys e and 33 5 7 Sample table Method ID1 ID2 Sample size Unit 34 Inserting a new line If you find yourself on the last line i e Line 4 of 4 in the above example you can add a new line to the sample table by pressing again The sample data of the previous sample will be applied thereby Method used for processing the sample Selection Selection of stored methods empty Default value empty empty The currently loaded method is used Sample identification The sample identification can be used in calculations as the variable C11 Entry max 10 characters Default value empty Sample identification The sample identification can be used in calculations as the variable Cl2 Entry max 10 characters Default value empty Sample size The value of the sample size can be used in calculations as the variable COO Input range 999999999 9999999999 Default value 1 0 Unit of the sample size Selection g mg pg mL uL pieces User defined Default value g User defined A user defined unit can be created This will be added to the selection list The previous entry will be overwritten as soon as the new unit has been defined 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation 5 7 3 Sending the sample size from a balance 1 5505923 2 5505923 3 5565924 4 5505924 B aan f Delete Insert New If the sample size is sent directly from the balance
64. der is filled after the titration The maximum filling rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Selection max Default value max Menu gt Parameters gt Evaluation The parameters for the evaluation of the titration curve are defined under Evaluation Switch this parameter on when equivalence points are to be recognized only in one particular measured value range window of the curve Only one window can be defined Selection on off Default value off This parameter is visible only when Window on Measured value for the lower limit Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Default value 20 000 Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Default value 1250 0 mV Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 00 125 00 pA Default value 125 00 pA 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Upper limit This parameter is visible only when Window on Measured value for the upper limit Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Default value 20 000 Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Default value 1250 0 mV Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 00 125 00 pA Default value 125 00 pA EP criterion The equivalence point criterion found ERC Equivalence point Recogni tion Criterion is compared with this value Equivalence points whose ERC is less than the value defined here will be ignored Input range 0 200 Default va
65. e ID Selection of the sample identification that is queried in the method run 848 Titrino plus 83 84 7 2 Monotonic equivalence point titrations MET Request sample size Request sample unit Hold at request Selection off ID1 ID2 ID1 amp ID2 Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the value for the sample size will be queried Selection on off Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the unit for the sample size will be queried Selection on off Default value off If this parameter is switched on then the method run will be paused dur ing the query If the parameter is switched off the titration will be started in the background Selection on off Default value on 7 2 2 Titration parameters Titration rate Menu gt Parameters gt Titration parameters The parameters that influence the sequence of the entire titration are defined under Titration parameters Three predefined sets of parameters can be selected for the titration rate Selection slow optimal fast user Default value optimal slow For titrations in which the finest details are also to be visible This could however also lead to an increase in noise which could result in unwan ted equivalence points optimal For all standard titrations The parameters have been optimized for the most frequent applications fast For fast and less critical titrations user
66. e calculated result can be saved as a method independent variable a so called common variable The result is then also available in other meth ods for calculations If statistics has been switched on then the current mean value of the determination series will be saved Selection on off Default value off Menu gt Parameters gt Statistics The statistics calculation of a multiple determination is switched on under Statistics and it is defined how many determinations the series contains If this funtion is switched on then statistics calculations will be carried out for all of the defined results Selection on off Default value off Number of samples 7 2 7 Results 848 Titrino plus Reports The number of determinations that are carried out for the statistics calcu lations If an additional determination must be added to the determination series because one determination was incorrect for example then this can be accomplished in the statistical overview see Chapter 5 11 page 41 Input range 2 20 Default value 3 Menu gt Parameters gt Reports The reports that will be printed out automatically in connection with a determination are defined under Reports The result report contains the calculated results equivalence points and endpoints sample data etc Selection on off Default value off 95 7 2 Monotonic equivalence point titrations MET Curve Calculations Statis
67. e connected to the sample changer when calibrating with a sample changer The Stirrer parameter must however be switched off in such cases Selection on off Default value off 112 7 4 pH calibration CAL 7 4 2 Buffers Buffer type Number of buffers Buffer 1 pH Buffer 2 pH Buffer 3 pH Menu gt Parameters gt Buffers The buffer type and the number of buffers is defined under Buffers Selection of a predefined buffer series or definition of special buffers In the case of predefined buffer series the instrument automatically recogni zes which buffer is involved Selection Baker Beckman DIN Fisher Fluka Basel Hamilton Merck CertiPUR Merck Titrisol Metrohm Mettler NIST Precisa Radiome ter Special Merck CertiPUR Reference temperature 25 C The buffer type Merck Titrisol must be selected when using Merck CertiPUR buffers 20 C Special Up to five calibration buffers can be defined in the method The auto matic buffer detection is not activated in this case The buffers must be measured precisely in the specified sequence Number of buffers that are used for calibration If calibration is accom plished with more than two buffers then they can be used repeatedly give them more statistical weight The first two buffers must however always be different from one another Selection 1 2 3 4 5 Default value 2 This parameter is visible only when
68. ected for the titration rate Selection slow optimal fast user Default value optimal slow For titrations in which the finest details are also to be visible This could however also lead to an increase in noise which could result in unwan ted equivalence points optimal For all standard titrations The parameters have been optimized for the most frequent applications 69 70 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET Meas point density Min increment Max increment fast For fast and less critical titrations user The individual titration parameters can be modified il Note Select the optimal titration rate when you are developing a new titra tion method This parameter is suitable for virtually all titrations and only needs adaptation in special cases The settings of the individual titration rates are listed in table 1 page 72 This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user A small value means small volume increments i e a high measuring point density The curve then shows all the finest details which also include noise this could cause unwanted equivalence points to be found A larger value i e a smaller measuring point density permits quicker titrations If you are using a dosing device with a small cylinder volume then a smaller measuring point density value may be beneficial However you should also set a smaller signal drift and a higher EP criterion at
69. ed A blank entry can be generated this way as well Titer of the solution Input range 999999999 9999999999 Default value 1 000 Unit of the titer Selection pmol mL mmol L mol L g L mg L mg mL ug L ppm mEq L empty User defined Default value empty User defined A user defined unit can be created This will be added to the selection list The previous entry will be overwritten as soon as the new unit has been defined A blank entry can be generated this way as well Date of the last titer determination Activating and deactivating the titer monitoring 59 60 6 4 Managing common variables Time interval 6 4 6 4 1 Edit Delete Selection on off Default value off This parameter is visible only when Monitoring on You will be notified that this time interval in days has elapsed when start ing a method You can then select whether or not you would still like to start the method Input range 1 999d Default value 999d Managing common variables General Menu gt System gt Common variables The instrument offers the possibility of saving five method independent variables so called common variables These variables remain saved in the instrument and can be used in future calculations Common variables are useful e g for the following applications Determination of a blank value which will be taken into account during the content determination
70. een attached then a request appears to carry out the PREP function Euret unit B1iB 126 The buret unit should be prepared Execute a PREP function All tubings and the cylinder are rinsed with the PREP Preparing function The preparing of the buret unit is described in chapter Preparing the buret unit PREP page 45 Confirm the message with OK The display of this message can be deactivated in the system set tings see PREP warning page 54 The main dialog is displayed Menu 848 Titrino plus Method Ini Iz Sample size Unit 19 5 2 Fundamentals of operation Switching off the instrument The instrument is switched off with the STOP key The fact that the key needs to be pressed down for an extended time prevents accidental switch off Proceed as follows 1 Keep the red STOP key pressed down for at least 3 s A progress bar is displayed If the key is released during this time then the instrument will not be switched off 5 2 Fundamentals of operation 5 2 1 The keypad ay Figure 18 Keypad 848 Titrino plus BACK Apply the input and exit the dialog y Move the selection bar either up or down by one line at a time Select the character to be entered in the text editor ap Select the character to be entered in the text and number editor Select the individual functions in the function bar OK Confirm the selection STOP Stop an ongoing method run or a manu
71. electrode is properly connected and that no short circuit is present The electrode test is carried out when the determination is star ted This parameter is available only with I pol and U pol determinations Selection on off Default value off When this parameter is switched on then the stirrer is switched on at the start of the determination Selection on off Default value on Setting the stirring rate It can be set in steps of 15 to 15 The default setting 8 corresponds to 1000 U min The formula for calculating the rota tional speed is specified in chapter 10 2 page 118 The optimum stirring rate can be tested in the manual control The algebraic sign of the stirring rate changes the direction in which the stirring is done When the stirrer is viewed from above this means a counterclockwise rotation clockwise rotation Input range 15 15 Default value 8 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters 7 2 3 Stop conditions Stop volume Stop meas value Stop EP Volume after EP 848 Titrino plus Menu gt Parameters gt Stop conditions The conditions for stopping a titration are defined under Stop condi tions The titration is stopped when the specified volume has been dosed since the start of the titration This volume should be adjusted to the size of the titration vessel in order to prevent the contents from running over Input range 0 00000 9999 99 mL Default value
72. emote control via an RS 232 connection 125 10 7 1 Commands and variables cr cuts sca uavaeantiie as erat eeren 126 10 8 Arithmetic algorithms in the 848 Titrino plus 127 11 Technical specifications 130 11 1 Measuring inputs 2 000 200 ec ceceeee cee ceeeneeeeeeeteenneeeeees 130 TIA Potentiometer o eka ded heen e 130 tigle2 lt SPOU AIL ON ae e a anne n E e E a Mee 130 Tilsa Temperate a masks ee ea A E A 131 11 2 Dosing drese R Ra 132 11 3 Interfac s eni eaa a AA eens 132 11 4 Mains connection a cee ceeecereeeeeeeeeeeeeenenneaeeees 132 11 5 Safety specifications 0 cece eetteeettees 132 11 6 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC 0 08 133 11 7 Ambient temperature 0 i eeren errre 133 11 8 Reference conditions 0 0 cccecc ieee eetere rererere rreren 134 11 9 DIMENSIONS cnca i eed 134 12 Warranty Guarantee 135 137 13 1 Scope of delivery cicacwendnk din ani ienlets 137 13 2 Optional accessories cccccceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeenneeeeenees 138 144 Index 848 Titrino plus Table of figures Table of figures 848 Titrino plus Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 Figure 24 Figure 25 Figure 26 RCO GAS Titino QU
73. ening the main menu a In the main dialog select Menu and press OK Menu Manual control rResults pParameters 2System Control Print reports 2 Opening the control dialog a Select the menu item Control and press OK Aut ost art 3 Activating the sample table Select Sample table and press OK a Select the entry on in the selection list and apply with OK Press BACK The menu item Sample table is displayed in the main menu 32 848 Titrino plus Edit Delete Insert New 5 7 2 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation Meru Manual control rResults Parameters Sample table ySustem Control Print reports The sample table contains numbered lines The identification ID1 and the sample size of each sample are displayed 2 2805923 3 5505324 4 5505924 B aan F Delete Insert New Edit the data of the selected line see following chapter Delete the selected line from the sample table Insert a new line above the line selected Delete the sample table completely This function is visible only if the instrument is in ready status Editing the sample data Method Mediss 5385923 IDz2 Sample size 1 4 Unit 3 Lire 1 of 4 You will see at the very bottom the line number of the selected line and the line number of the last line containing data In this example the first line is opened and the sample table contains four lines One can scroll between the individual
74. ent 2 Overview of the instrument Z Figure 1 Front 848 Titrino plus 1 Piston rod 2 Contact pins Of the dosing drive For the data chip 3 Coupling 4 Display For switching the flat stopcock 5 Keypad 848 Titrino plus a i K N S Meda by Mistraim Moriseu Swizsrlangd l Figure 2 Rear 848 Titrino plus Electrode connector Ind 2 Type plate For connecting pH or redox electrodes with Contains specifications concerning mains integrated or separate reference electrode voltage and serial number Socket F Electrode connector Ref 4 Mains connection socket For connecting reference electrodes Socket B 4mm USB OTG connector 6 MSB connector For connecting printers USB sticks USB Metrohm Serial Bus hubs etc For connecting a stirrer Mini DIN 9 pin Temperature sensor connector Temp 8 Remote connector For connecting temperature sensors of the For connecting instruments with a remote Pt1000 or NTC types Two B sockets 2 mm interface D Sub 9 pin Electrode connector Pol For connecting polarizable electrodes e g double Pt electrodes Socket F 848 Titrino plus 3 Installation 3 Installation 3 1 Setting up the instrument 3 1 1 Packaging The instrument is supplied in highly protective special packaging together with the separately packed accessories Keep this packaging as only this ensures safe transportation of
75. enu opens Select the menu item Manual control and press OK Manual control opens 2 Select a measuring mode Select the Measure item Manual control Dosing Measure Stirrer Electrode Temperature Press START key 3 Configure the measuring mode Select the desired electrode from the sensor list The selection depends on the measuring mode Sensors are defined under System gt Sensors Enter the measuring temperature if no temperature sensor is con nected If a temperature sensor is connected then the tempera ture will be measured automatically This temperature is used for automatic temperature compensation with pH measurements 4 Start the measurement a Press START 848 Titrino plus 49 50 5 13 Manual Control 5 13 3 Stirring Measure 2 pH 6 362 EEE 20 5 C The status changes to busy The current measured value and the measuring temperature are displayed Stop the measurement Press STOP or BACK The measurement is stopped The status changes back again to ready If you stop the measurement with BACK then the dialog will also be exited You can control a connected stirrer manually Proceed as follows Open the manual control In the main dialog select Menu and press OK The main menu opens a Select the menu item Manual control and press OK Manual control opens Set the stirring rate Select the Stirrer item Manual control Dosing
76. equivalence points that are being sought for Window off Selection all greatest last off Default value all 91 92 7 2 Monotonic equivalence point titrations MET Fixed EP1 at Fixed EP2 at all All equivalence points will be recognized greatest Only the equivalence point with the greatest ERC value i e the steep est jump will be recognized last Only the last equivalence point will be recognized off No evaluation takes place for Window on Selection first greatest last Default value first first Only the first equivalence point will be recognized greatest Only the equivalence point with the greatest ERC value i e the steep est jump will be recognized last Only the last equivalence point will be recognized The associated volume will be interpolated from the measuring point list for the measured value entered The fixed endpoint must lie between the first and the final entry in the measuring point list Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Selection off Default value off Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Selection off Default value off Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 00 125 00 pA Selection off Default value off See Fixed EP1 at 848 Titrino plus 7 2 5 7 2 5 1 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Evaluation and equivalence point criterion with MET The equivalence points EPs are localized b
77. ers The parameters that influence the sequence of the entire titration are defined under Titration parameters Selection of the solution from the solution list We recommend always selecting the solution This ensures that the correct data titer concentra tion etc is always used for the calculation Solutions are defined under System gt Solutions For buret units with integrated data chip a check is made in the method run to verify whether the correct solution has been attached and whether the type of dosing drive matches For buret units without integrated data chip the cylinder volume and the type of dosing drive are checked The validity of the titer is checked for the selected solution at the start of the determination Selection Selection of configured solution not defined Default value not defined not defined No check takes place Selection of the sensor from the sensor list The selection depends on the measuring mode Sensors are defined under System gt Sensors Selection Selection of configured sensors The polarization current is the current that is applied at a polarizable elec trode during the voltametric measurement This parameter is available only with I pol determinations Input range 125 125 pA Increment 1 Default value 5 pA The polarization voltage is the voltage applied to the polarizable electrode during an amperometric measurement This parameter is available only with U
78. ery date and if applicable the serial number or the chip data respectively In addition the ordering party undertakes to store the faulty part for at least 24 months in accordance with current storage directives in compliance with ESD guidelines and to hold it in readiness for onsite inspection or for return shipment to Metrohm Metrohm reserves the right to invoice the ordering party for these articles including retroactively in the event of noncompliance with these pre conditions The original warranty periods for the original part apply to parts that are replaced or repaired under the above referenced warranties no extension of the warranty period Deficiencies arising from circumstances that are not the responsibility of Metrohm such as improper storage or improper use etc are expressly excluded from the warranty 135 Metrohm also offers a 120 month spare parts availability guarantee and a 60 month PC software support warranty calculated from the date on which the product is withdrawn from the market The content of this war ranty is the ability of the customer to obtain functioning spare parts or appropriate software support at market prices during the time of the war ranty period If Metrohm AG is unable to meet this obligation due to circumstances beyond the control of Metrohm AG then the ordering party shall be offered alternative solutions at preferential conditions 136 848 Titrino plus 13 Accessories 13 Acc
79. essories il Note Subject to change without notice 13 1 Scope of delivery 2 848 0010 848 Titrino plus Qty Order no Description 1 1 848 0010 848 Titrino plus 1 6 2147 000 Numerical USB keypad Numerical USB keypad for Titrino plus Dosimat plus 862 Compact Titrosampler and 869 Compact Sample Changer Incl USB Hub with two connectors 1 6 2151 100 Adapter USB MINI OTG USB A For connecting USB instruments 1 6 2739 010 Wrench For exchange units Length mm 190 1 6 2122 0x0 Mains cable with C13 line socket IEC 60320 C13 848 Titrino plus 137 13 2 Optional accessories Qty Order no Description Cable plug according to customer requirements Switzerland Type SEV 12 6 2122 020 Germany Type CEE 7 VII 6 2122 040 USA Type NEMA ASA 6 2122 070 1 8 848 8008EN Manual 848 Titrino plus 13 2 Optional accessories Order no Description 2 141 0100 USB Thermal printer Neo s Compact printer with USB interface paper width 60 mm 40 characters Includ ing 6 2151 120 USB cable 2 801 0040 801 Stirrer with support Magnetic stirrer with base plate support rod and electrode holder for use with Titrino plus Titrandos Sample Processors 805 Dosimat and 780 781 pH Meters With permanently attached cable for MSB Metrohm Serial Bus 138 848 Titrino plus 13 Accessories 802 Rod Stirrer provides an alternative to the
80. etermination ser ies will be saved Selection on off Default value off The calculated result can be saved as a method independent variable a so called common variable The result is then also available in other meth ods for calculations If statistics has been switched on then the current mean value of the determination series will be saved 107 108 7 3 Endpoint titrations SET 7 3 8 Statistics Statistics Selection on off Default value off Menu gt Parameters gt Statistics The statistics calculation of a multiple determination is switched on under Statistics and it is defined how many determinations the series contains If this funtion is switched on then statistics calculations will be carried out for all of the defined results Selection on off Default value off Number of samples 7 3 9 Results Curve Reports The number of determinations that are carried out for the statistics calcu lations If an additional determination must be added to the determination series because one determination was incorrect for example then this can be accomplished in the statistical overview see Chapter 5 11 page 41 Input range 2 20 Default value 3 Menu gt Parameters gt Reports The reports that will be printed out automatically in connection with a determination are defined under Reports The result report contains the calculated results equivalence points and
81. etric measurement This parameter is available only with U pol determinations Input range 1250 1250 mV Increment 10 Default value 400 mV Electrode test For polarizable electrodes an electrode test can be carried out A check is made that the electrode is properly connected and that no short circuit is present The electrode test is carried out when the determination is star ted This parameter is available only with I pol and U pol determinations Selection on off Default value off Stirrer When this parameter is switched on then the stirrer is switched on at the start of the determination Selection on off Default value on Stirring rate Setting the stirring rate It can be set in steps of 15 to 15 The default setting 8 corresponds to 1000 U min The formula for calculating the rota tional speed is specified in chapter 10 2 page 118 The optimum stirring rate can be tested in the manual control The algebraic sign of the stirring rate changes the direction in which the Stirring is done When the stirrer is viewed from above this means a counterclockwise rotation a clockwise rotation Input range 15 15 Default value 8 7 1 3 Stop conditions Menu gt Parameters gt Stop conditions The conditions for stopping a titration are defined under Stop condi tions 848 Titrino plus Stop volume Stop meas value Stop EP Volume after EP 848 Titrino plus
82. for temperature correction in pH measurements Input range 20 0 150 0 C Default value 25 0 C Selection of the sensor from the sensor list The selection depends on the measuring mode Sensors are defined under System gt Sensors Selection Selection of configured sensors Selection of the solution from the solution list We recommend always selecting the solution This ensures that the correct data titer concentra tion etc is always used for the calculation Solutions are defined under System gt Solutions For buret units with integrated data chip a check is made in the method run to verify whether the correct solution has been attached and whether the type of dosing drive matches For buret units without integrated data chip the cylinder volume and the type of dosing drive are checked The validity of the titer is checked for the selected solution at the start of the determination Selection Selection of configured solution not defined Default value not defined not defined No check takes place The polarization current is the current that is applied at a polarizable elec trode during the voltametric measurement This parameter is available only with I pol determinations 73 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET Input range 125 125 pA Increment 1 Default value 5 pA U pol The polarization voltage is the voltage applied to the polarizable electrode during an amperom
83. g rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Selection max Default value max Signal drift This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user Maximum permissible drift for the measured value acceptance i e maxi mum change of the measured value per minute This type of titration is often referred to as equilibrium titration ca Note A constant measured value is often only achieved after a certain time as mixing and the reaction itself require a certain time The response time of an electrode can also increase with time i e reaching a con stant measured value takes longer and longer Drift controlled meas ured value acceptance is particularly advisable in such cases as the measured values are only accepted when equilibrium has almost been achieved Measuring mode pH U and Ipol Input range 0 1 999 0 mV min Default value 50 0 mV min 848 Titrino plus 71 72 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET Min waiting time Max waiting time Table 1 Selection off off Measured value acceptance will take place after the maximum waiting time has elapsed This can be useful when the titration reaction pro ceeds slowly or the electrode is slow to respond Measuring mode Upol Input range 0 01 99 90 pA min Default value 50 00 pA min Selection off off Measured value acceptance will take place after the maximum wa
84. g the sample data Edit the sample data and apply with Accept or BACK 3 Displaying the live dialog Press BACK or Select Menu and press OK Menu rResults Live dislog Parameters Select the menu item Live dialog and press OK The live dialog is displayed once again 37 5 9 Live modifications i Note If the determination is finished while an editing dialog is opened e g of the sample size then this will be closed automatically and the results dialog will be displayed The value entered must be entered once more and the determination must be recalculated Make sure that the editing dialogs are closed before the determination is finished 5 9 2 Editing the sample table while a determination is running You can insert new lines or delete existing ones or edit sample data while a determination is running i Note We recommend that the editing dialogs always be closed in order to ensure that no problems occur during the run and that the current data is always available for calculation purposes Editing the sample table Proceed as follows to edit the sample table 1 Displaying the main dialog Press BACK The main dialog is displayed The determination continues to run in the background 2 Opening the main menu a Select Menu and press OK Menu rResults eLive dialog Parameters rSample table 3 Selecting the sample data a Select the menu item Sample table
85. ger Com pact Autosampler and Titrino plus and or Pump Station 848 Titrino plus 13 Accessories Order no Description 6 2141 240 Remote cable Dosimat plus Compact Sample Changer Titrino plus Cable for the remote connection between Dosimat plus and Compact Sample Changer and or Titrino plus using 6 2141 260 Cable 6 2141 250 Remote cable Compact Sample Changer Titrino Cable for the remote connection between Compact Sample Changer and Titri nos with 25 pin remote socket 6 2141 260 Remote cable Compact Sample Changer Dosimat plus and Titrino plus Cable for remote connection between Compact Sample Changer and Dosimat plus and further devices e g Titrino plus or Pump Station 6 2148 030 RS 232 USB Box Extends the Titrino plus by two RS 232 interfaces for the connection of e g bal ance PC LIMS Requires 6 2151 030 Cable 6 2151 120 Cable USB MINI OTG USB B 1 8 m For connecting USB instruments 848 Titrino plus 141 142 13 2 Optional accessories Order no Description 6 3026 110 Exchange Unit 1 mL Exchange Unit with integrated data chip with 1 mL glass cylinder and light pro tection PCTFE PTFE flat stopcock FEP tubing connection antidiffusion buret tip and standard amber glass reagent bottle Volume mL 1 6 3026 150 Exchange Unit 5 mL Exchange Unit with integrated data chip with 5 mL glass cylinder and light pro tection PCTFE PTFE flat
86. hatever settings one wishes e g the changing of the dialog type If the instrument is switched off again without changing the dialog type then the routine dialog will remain activated Forcing the expert dialog Switch on the instrument a Wait for the display of the instrument logo with the lettering easy safe precise Press the STOP key once again and hold it down while also briefly pressing the BACK key a Release both keys once again Selection Expert Routine Default value Expert Expert Complete dialog 53 54 6 1 Basic settings Contrast Beep PREP warning Routine Limited dialog for routine operations The contrast of the display can be adjusted with the arrow keys e and gt lt a the contrast will be decreased by one step each time the key is pressed the contrast will be increased by one step each time the key is pressed Input range 150 240 Default value 212 il Note Alternatively the contrast can also be modified in the following man ner Keep the red STOP key pressed down As soon as the progress bar appears also press the arrow key 8 or f repeatedly This method will however cause the contrast to be modified by several steps If this parameter is activated then a short beep will sound in the following cases a When a key is pressed At the end of the determination When the system remains
87. himadzu BX BW Shimadzu Editing the COM1 settings Menu gt System gt External devices gt COM1 settings 848 Titrino plus Baud rate Data bits Stop bits Parity Handshake 848 Titrino plus 6 System settings The interface parameters for the connected balance are set under COM1 settings Transfer rate in characters per second Selection 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 Default value 9600 Number of data bits Selection 7 8 Default value 8 Number of stop bits Selection 1 2 Default value 1 Type of parity testing Selection even none odd Default value none Type of the data transfer protocol Selection hardware software none Default value hardware il Note If communications problems occur set the parameter Handshake to software and make another attempt Editing the COM2 settings Menu gt System gt External devices gt COM2 settings The interface parameters for instruments connected to the RS 232 2 con nector of the RS 232 USB Box e g PC are set under COM2 settings The parameters and input ranges are identical to those for the COM1 interface 65 6 7 Instrument diagnosis 6 7 Instrument diagnosis 6 7 1 Loading program versions and language files Menu gt System gt Diagnosis New program versions or language files can be loaded from a USB flash drive The corresponding file must be saved on the
88. ible only when Titration rate user Maximum permissible drift for the measured value acceptance i e maxi mum change of the measured value per minute This type of titration is often referred to as equilibrium titration 85 86 7 2 Monotonic equivalence point titrations MET Min waiting time Max waiting time i Note A constant measured value is often only achieved after a certain time as mixing and the reaction itself require a certain time The response time of an electrode can also increase with time i e reaching a con stant measured value takes longer and longer Drift controlled meas ured value acceptance is particularly advisable in such cases as the measured values are only accepted when equilibrium has almost been achieved Measuring mode pH U and Ipol Input range 0 1 999 0 mV min Default value 50 0 mV min Selection off off Measured value acceptance will take place after the maximum waiting time has elapsed This can be useful when the titration reaction pro ceeds slowly or the electrode is slow to respond Measuring mode Upol Input range 0 01 99 90 pA min Default value 50 00 pA min Selection off off Measured value acceptance will take place after the maximum waiting time has elapsed This can be useful when the titration reaction pro ceeds slowly or the electrode is slow to respond This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user The measured value is n
89. iisrisririrriserrsrrssre 22 5 25 Selecting from a selection list 44 cs eese enna wena 23 5 3 Formula editor gaiiicc02csiesectsnrminenvansivignieuciaucaaneee 23 DA Methods e scot eee e hea heed a tarot bea ib 25 5 4 1 Creating a new method isc senatuincantyacadnaaduma ceili 25 542 9 Saing a MEO etc a e n aa anai 26 5 4 3 loading a Me Od r a a A aR at 27 SAA EXportiNga Method aeia e a etna TR 28 55 gt COntrOl senso ne cso ceteris a a e a a alete leben 29 5 6 Sample data i cscciiccctesnteut eaten views ulecadlineviadenveaacnnies 30 5 6 1 Entering sample data in the main dialog ccc eee 30 5 6 2 Requesting sample data at the start of the determination 31 5 7 Sample tableroa ds ncediacteednd 32 5 7 1 General eored nadi dre A E A 32 5 7 2 Editing the sample data siti hte acute haareeasvrdiginid alc uetocrna Wonatn ers 33 5 7 3 Sending the sample size from a balance 0 0 0 cece ceseeeeteeeeees 35 5 8 Carrying out a determination 0 eee 35 5 9 Live modifications scscc a acts cccttasctre bdecaatielaaetacdenebeaauts ences 37 5 9 1 Editing the sample data of the running determination 37 5 9 2 Editing the sample table while a determination is running 38 5 9 3 Editing the live parameters cccccceesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeestteeensnees 39 5 10 Results ehe oeeie area a atsintad dapehulraad et E 40 5 17 StA T Se a a dean EE i 41 5 12 Printing a report manually 0 0 ccc eeeeeeer
90. imum of five calculations can be defined in one method A series of variables raw data from the determination previously calculated results is available for the calculations Definition can be made for each calculation as to whether the result is to be saved as a titer or as a common variable F Delete The result name is specified in the list for each calculation Edit the data of the selected calculation see following chapter 79 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET Delete Delete the selected calculation 7 1 5 2 Editing a calculation Result name R1 R5 Decimal places Result unit Save as titer Save as CV 80 The result name is the text which will be shown in the result view and in the report Entry 12 characters Default value empty Shows the calculation formula A special editor is opened for the defini tion see Chapter 5 3 page 23 Entry 44 characters Default value empty Number of decimal places used to display the result Input range 0 5 Default value 2 The result unit is displayed and saved together with the result Selection mol L mmol L g L mg L mg mL ppm g mg mL mg piece C pL mL min User defined Default value User defined A user defined unit can be created This will be added to the selection list The previous entry will be overwritten as soon as the new unit has been defined A blank entry can be ge
91. ined under Evaluation Switch this parameter on when equivalence points are to be recognized only in one particular measured value range window of the curve Only one window can be defined Selection on off Default value off This parameter is visible only when Window on Measured value for the lower limit Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Default value 20 000 Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Default value 1250 0 mV 848 Titrino plus Upper limit EP criterion EP recognition 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 00 125 00 pA Default value 125 00 HA This parameter is visible only when Window on Measured value for the upper limit Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Default value 20 000 Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Default value 1250 0 mV Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 00 125 00 pA Default value 125 00 pA The equivalence point criterion found ERC Equivalence point Recogni tion Criterion is compared with this value Equivalence points whose ERC is less than the value defined here will be ignored Measuring mode pH Input range 0 10 9 99 Default value 0 50 Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1 999 mV Default value 30 mV Measuring mode Upol Input range 0 1 99 9 HA Default value 2 0 pA This parameter allows you to filter out only the
92. intenance 8 1 Quality Management and validation with Metrohm Quality Management Metrohm offers you comprehensive support in implementing quality man agement measures for instruments and software Further information on this can be found in the brochure Quality Management with Metrohm available from your local Metrohm agent Validation Please contact your local Metrohm agent for support in validating instru ments and software Here you can also obtain validation documentation to provide help for carrying out the Installation Qualification IQ and the Operational Qualification OQ IQ and OQ are also offered as a service by the Metrohm agents In addition various application bulletins are also available on the subject which also contain Standard Operat ing Procedures SOP for testing analytical measuring instruments for reproducibility and correctness Maintenance Electronic and mechanical functional groups in Metrohm instruments can and should be checked as part of regular maintenance by specialist per sonnel from Metrohm Please ask your local Metrohm agent regarding the precise terms and conditions involved in concluding a corresponding maintenance agreement i Note You can find information on the subjects of quality management vali dation and maintenance as well as an overview of the documents cur rently available at www metrohm com com under Support 848 Titrino plus 9 Troubleshooting 9 1 S
93. inter and the 6 2148 030 RS 232 USB Box for connecting balances 3 6 Connecting instruments to the remote connector The 848 Titrino plus can be integrated in an automation system with the aid of a remote cable Figure 13 Connecting a remote cable A variety of different connecting cables are available for connecting Metrohm instruments e g sample changers see Optional Accessories chapter 848 Titrino plus 15 16 3 7 Attaching the exchange unit 3 7 Attaching the exchange unit To attach the exchange unit proceed as follows 1 Slide the exchange unit from the front onto the 848 Titrino plus and push all the way to the rear It must snap in audibly 848 Titrino plus 4 Titrations 4 Titrations 4 1 4 2 848 Titrino plus Dynamic equivalence point titration DET Dynamic equivalence point titration is a titration mode for all standard titrations The reagent is added in variable volume steps The volume increments vary as a function of the slope of the curve An attempt is made to achieve constant measured value alterations with each dosing The optimal volume for dosing is determined from the measured value alterations of the previous dosings Measured value acceptance is drift controlled equilibrium titration or after a waiting time Equivalence points are evaluated automatically U mvV V mL Figure 15 Reagent dosing for DET Monotonic equivalence point titration MET Monot
94. ional speed depending on stirring rate siieeeieeee 118 Pin assignment of remote socket and remote plug 0 08 122 Remote status diagram DEY MET vues ev iintelasteante ereire ereere 124 Remote status diagram SET saveraeiredineiiualudsanmighannscneeaidgcnins 124 Remote status diagram CAL ssiseseiiseeissriisseiiitirit rerit rrrrsrrrssren 125 Connecting the RS 232 USB Box to the PC iseer 125 VII 1 Introduction 1 1 1 1 1 848 Titrino plus 1 Introduction Instrument description The 848 Titrino plus is a titrator for volumetric titrations for universal appli cations Methods can be created and stored under a new name The methods can be exported to a connected USB flash drive This function makes it possible for you to copy methods quickly and easily from one instrument to another The remote connector enables the integration of the instrument in a Metrohm automation system Titration and measuring modes The following titration and measuring modes are supported DET Dynamic equivalence point titration The reagent is added in variable volume steps Measuring modes MET pH pH measurement U potentiometric voltage measurement Ipol voltametric measurement with selectable polarization cur rent Upol amperometric measurement with selectable polarization voltage Monotonic equivalence point titration The reagent is added in con stant volume steps Measuring modes SET PH pH measu
95. is attached only for intelligent buret units An unlimited number of solu tions in buret units with data chip can be added to the solution list The number of solutions in buret units without data chip is limited to 10 items Meaning of the type EU exchange unit without data chip JEU exchange unit with integrated data chip Edit the data of the selected solution see following chapter Add a new solution to the list see following chapter Delete the selected solution from the list Editing the solution data The designation of the solution is used for unambiguous identification Entry max 24 characters Default value empty The model of the buret unit is displayed 848 Titrino plus Cylinder volume Concentration Concentration unit Titer Titer unit Date titer det Monitoring 848 Titrino plus 6 System settings Cylinder volume of the buret unit in mL The cylinder volume is automati cally read out with intelligent buret units Selection 1 5 10 20 50 Default value 20 Concentration of the solution Input range 999999999 9999999999 Default value 1 000 Unit of the concentration Selection pmol mL mmol L mol L g L mg L mg mL ug L ppm mEq L User defined Default value mol L User defined A user defined unit can be created This will be added to the selection list The previous entry will be overwritten as soon as the new unit has been defin
96. item Print reports and press OK The dialog window with the available reports opens Curve Measuring point list Parameters System Calculations Statistics Report as in method 3 Selecting the report Select the desired report and press OK The report is printed out The following reports can be printed out manually 848 Titrino plus 43 44 5 13 Manual Control 5 13 Results Curve Measuring point list Parameters System Calculations Statis tics PC LIMS Report as in method Manual Control Result report with determination properties sample data calculated results etc Curve report The width of the curve is defined in the system settings see Graphics width page 64 Measuring point list report Report with all method parameters of the loaded method System report with system settings solution list external devices etc Calculation report The statistics are also printed out in the case of multiple determinations The individual determinations with the respective sample size the mean value the absolute and the relative standard deviation are printed out for each result Machine readable report with all of the data for a determination This report can be saved as a TXT file to a connected USB flash drive or sent to a terminal program or a LIMS via an RS 232 interface The definition is made in the system settings see PC LIMS report page 63 The reports that are
97. iting time has elapsed This can be useful when the titration reaction pro ceeds slowly or the electrode is slow to respond This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user The measured value is not accepted until the minimum waiting time has elapsed even if the signal drift has already been reached The minimum waiting time is only important for drift controlled measurements 0 999999 s Os Input range Default value This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user If signal drift has been switched off or has not yet been reached then the measured value will be accepted when the maximum waiting time has elapsed 0 999999 s 26s Input range Default value Standard values for predefined titration rates for DET Titration rate slow optimal fast Meas point density 2 4 6 Min increment 10 00 uL 10 00 uL 30 00 uL Max increment off off off Dosing rate maximum maximum maximum 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Titration rate slow optimal fast Signal drift pH U and Ipol 20 0 mV min 50 0 mV min 80 0 mV min Upol 20 0 yA min 50 0 pA min 80 0 yA min Min waiting time Os Os Os Max waiting time 38 s 265 215s Temperature Sensor Solution pol 848 Titrino plus Manually entered titration temperature If a temperature sensor is connec ted then the temperature will be measured continuously This value is used
98. l be printed out automatically in connection with a determination are defined under Reports The result report contains the calculated results equivalence points and endpoints sample data etc Selection on off Default value off Curve report The width of the curve is defined in the system settings see Graphics width page 64 Selection on off Default value off 81 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET Calculations Statistics Measuring point list Parameters PC LIMS Output of the calculation formulas for the individual results The results are printed with the maximum resolution This makes recalculation with an external program possible The following data is printed out in addition when statistics is switched on Result and sample size of the individual determinations Mean value as well as absolute and relative standard deviation Selection on off Default value off Output of the measuring point list Selection on off Default value off All of the parameters of the current method are printed out with the para meter report Selection on off Default value off The PC LIMS report is a machine readable report with all of the data important for a determination The PC LIMS report can be saved as a TXT file on a USB storage medium or sent via an RS 232 interface to a LIMS The output location is defined in the system settings see PC LIMS report page 63
99. l parameters EP2 The parameters and the input ranges are the same as for the first endpoint 7 3 6 Stop conditions Stop volume 848 Titrino plus Menu gt Parameters gt Stop conditions The conditions for stopping a titration are defined under Stop condi tions if this does not occur automatically This could be the case when the set endpoint is not reached or if the stop criterion see Stop crite rion page 104 is not fulfilled The titration is stopped when the specified volume has been dosed since the start of the titration This volume should be adjusted to the size of the titration vessel in order to prevent the contents from running over 105 106 7 3 Endpoint titrations SET Stop time Filling rate 7 3 7 7 3 7 1 Edit Delete Input range 0 00000 9999 99 mL Default value 100 000 mL Selection off The titration is stopped when the specified time has elapsed following the termination of the start conditions Input range 0 999999 s Selection off Default value off Rate at which the dosing cylinder is filled after the titration The maximum filling rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Selection max Default value max Calculation General Menu gt Parameters gt Calculation A maximum of five calculations can be defined in one method A series of variables raw data from the determination previously cal
100. lue 5 EP recognition This parameter allows you to filter out only the equivalence points that are being sought for Window off Selection all greatest last off Default value all all All equivalence points will be recognized greatest Only the equivalence point with the greatest ERC value i e the steep est jump will be recognized last Only the last equivalence point will be recognized off No evaluation takes place for Window on Selection first greatest last Default value first 848 Titrino plus 77 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET Fixed EP1 at Fixed EP2 at first Only the first equivalence point will be recognized greatest Only the equivalence point with the greatest ERC value i e the steep est jump will be recognized last Only the last equivalence point will be recognized The associated volume will be interpolated from the measuring point list for the measured value entered The fixed endpoint must lie between the first and the final entry in the measuring point list Measuring mode pH Input range 20 000 20 000 Selection off Default value off Measuring mode U Ipol Input range 1250 0 1250 0 mV Selection off Default value off Measuring mode Upol Input range 125 00 125 00 pA Selection off Default value off See Fixed EP1 at Evaluation and equivalence point criterion with DET The equivalence points
101. magnetic stirrer Ti Stand with base plate support rod and electrode holder Order no Description 2 802 0040 802 Stirrer propeller stirrer for 804 Ti Stand Rod stirrer with 6 1909 010 Propeller stirrer J j 2 804 0040 804 Ti Stand with stand Titration stand and controller for 802 Rod Stirrer 804 Ti Stand together with Le 2 865 0010 865 Dosimat plus Dispensing Unit for manual titration and dosing applications Including manual m 5 push button cable for manual dispensing control and 6 3026 220 Exchange Unit py 20 mL j 848 Titrino plus 139 140 13 2 Optional accessories Order no Description 2 869 0010 869 Compact Sample Changer The 869 Compact Sample Changer provides automation on a minimum foot print Dimensions in mm W H D 260 470 430 2 876 0010 876 Dosimat plus 876 Dosimat plus for manual titration and dosing applications Including push button cable for manual dispensing control and 6 3026 220 Exchange Unit 20 mL 6 2104 020 Electrode cable 1 m F For connecting electrodes with Metrohm plug in head G to Metrohm instru ments socket F Length m 1 6 2104 030 Electrode Cable 2 m F For connecting electrodes with Metrohm plug in head G to Metrohm instru ments socket F Length m 2 6 2141 230 Remote cable Compact Sample Changer Compact Autosampler Titrino plus Pump Station Cable for the remote connection between Compact Sample Chan
102. n you must plug the red plug into the red socket 848 Titrino plus 3 Installation Connecting a polarizable electrode Temp Figure 6 Connecting a polarizable electrode il Note The electrode cable is protected against accidental disconnection of the cable by means of a pull out protection feature If you wish to remove the plug then you must first retract the outer plug sleeve 3 3 Connecting a stirrer You can connect the following stirrers a 801 Stirrer 803 Ti Stand 804 Ti Stand requires rod stirrer Figure 7 Connecting a stirrer Caution Make sure that the flat side of the plug matches the marking on the socket 848 Titrino plus 11 3 4 Connecting a balance 3 4 Connecting a balance Balances are equipped with a serial RS 232 interface as a rule To connect a balance you require a 6 2148 030 RS 232 USB Box Figure 8 Connecting a balance When a 6 2151 020 USB cable is used then the 6 2148 030 RS 232 USB Box can be connected to the 848 Titrino plus by means of a USB hub or a 6 2151 100 adapter see Chapter 3 5 page 12 Connect the 9 pin plug of the respective balance connecting cable to the RS 232 1 connector Consult the user manual of the balance in order to select the correct connecting cable The parameters for the RS 232 interface on the instrument must match those on the balance see Editing the COM1 settings page 64 Addi tionally consult the user m
103. nation Proceed as follows to edit the parameters 1 Displaying the main dialog Press BACK The main dialog is displayed The determination continues to run in the background 848 Titrino plus 39 40 5 10 Results 5 10 Results Curve Recalculate 2 Opening the main menu a Select Menu and press OK Menu rResults eLive dialog Parameters 3 Editing the method parameters a Select the menu item Parameters and press OK a Change the desired parameters accordingly 4 Displaying the live dialog a Select the menu item Live dialog in the main menu and press OK or Press BACK in the main dialog The live dialog is displayed once again Menu gt Results After the completion of the titration the results dialog is displayed 16 3 gt pH 7 499 18 8800 mL 72 8 5 ERC 85 7 Stop volume reached Mga Recalc Statistics The calculated result and details concerning the endpoint are shown in the overview Display the curve of the current determination Recalculate the current determination The procedure will be executed immediately 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation Statistics Display the statistical overview of a determination series see Chapter 5 11 page 41 Displaying the curve The curve of the current determination can be displayed with the Curve function 16 3658 mL PH 16 567 59 s The arrow keys e and can be used to move to the individual measur ing points A
104. nd 2 Accept the selection with OK or BACK Formula editor The formulas for the calculations are entered with the formula editor The formula editor is equipped with an automatic syntax check This is trig gered as soon as a formula is applied The generally valid rules of priority apply for the calculation operations Bizs4567s9 2t 7 03 Che EPH CIH R FPH CVAH SMHHH TITER CONC Var Templates Accept Cancel Clear Variable Description coo Sample size EP Volume of endpoint EP 1 9 Cl Sample identification 1 2 R Result 1 5 FP Volume of fixed endpoint FP 1 9 CVO Common variable 1 5 SMN Mean value of result R 1 5 TITER Titer of selected solution CONC Concentration of selected solution Var List of additional variables see Variables page 24 Templates List of predefined calculation formulas see Calculation templates page 24 23 24 5 3 Formula editor stands for a sequential number that you must enter manually Exam ple if you apply the variable EP in the formula only EP is entered You will still need to enter the number yourself The meanings of the editing functions are explained in chapter 5 2 4 page 22 Variables Pressing Var displays a list with additional variables You can enter these variables either directly into the formula or also by selecting them from the list
105. nd there is an acknowledgement by the instrument A command must be sent to the instrument with the control characters CR LF as terminator The acknowledgements of the instrument will also be transferred with CR LF as terminator The instrument does not send spontaneous messages 10 7 1 Commands and variables Command Function Comment G Start Continue Corresponds to the key START or Con tinue S Stop Corresponds to the key STOP H Hold Hold the method run D Scan instrument sta Acknowledgements Ready 0 Busy 0 or tus Hold 0 0 no message If a message on the instrument requires the interaction of the user the acknowl edgement of the status scan displays the corresponding message number Exam ple Busy 010 119 Check buret unit The message can be confirmed with OK or Cancel see below 126 848 Titrino plus 10 Appendix the instrument Command Function Comment SA Confirm message Confirm the message on the instrument with OK A mandatory status scan providing the message number must take place immedi ately before confirming the message see above SA OK A CANCEL Confirm message Confirm the message with OK or Can cel SA YES SA NO Confirm message Confirm the message with Yes or No L method name Load method The method name has to be known and unique Q variable Request variable value Examples for variables EP7 R1 C
106. nerated this way as well The result can be saved as titer for this selected solution If statistics has been switched on then the current mean value of the determination ser ies will be saved Selection on off Default value off The calculated result can be saved as a method independent variable a so called common variable The result is then also available in other meth 848 Titrino plus 7 1 6 Statistics Statistics 7 Parameters ods for calculations If statistics has been switched on then the current mean value of the determination series will be saved Selection on off Default value off Menu gt Parameters gt Statistics The statistics calculation of a multiple determination is switched on under Statistics and it is defined how many determinations the series contains If this funtion is switched on then statistics calculations will be carried out for all of the defined results Selection on off Default value off Number of samples 7 1 7 Results Curve 848 Titrino plus Reports The number of determinations that are carried out for the statistics calcu lations If an additional determination must be added to the determination series because one determination was incorrect for example then this can be accomplished in the statistical overview see Chapter 5 11 page 41 Input range 2 20 Default value 3 Menu gt Parameters gt Reports The reports that wil
107. nic equivalence point titrations MET Edit Delete The result name is specified in the list for each calculation Edit the data of the selected calculation see following chapter Delete the selected calculation 7 2 5 2 Editing a calculation Result name R1 R5 Decimal places Result unit Save as titer 94 The result name is the text which will be shown in the result view and in the report Entry 12 characters Default value empty Shows the calculation formula A special editor is opened for the defini tion see Chapter 5 3 page 23 Entry 44 characters Default value empty Number of decimal places used to display the result Input range 0 5 Default value 2 The result unit is displayed and saved together with the result Selection mol L mmol L g L mg L mg mL ppm g mg mL mg piece C pL mL min User defined Default value User defined A user defined unit can be created This will be added to the selection list The previous entry will be overwritten as soon as the new unit has been defined A blank entry can be generated this way as well The result can be saved as titer for this selected solution If statistics has been switched on then the current mean value of the determination ser ies will be saved Selection on off Default value off 848 Titrino plus Save as CV 7 2 6 Statistics Statistics 7 Parameters Th
108. onic equivalence point titration is a titration mode for titrations with relatively high signal fluctuations or suddenly occurring potential jumps and for slow titrations or slow response electrodes The reagent is added in constant volume steps Measured value acceptance is drift con trolled equilibrium titration or after a waiting time Equivalence points are evaluated automatically U mvV V mL Figure 16 Reagent dosing for MET 17 18 4 3 Endpoint titration SET 4 3 Endpoint titration SET Endpoint titration is a titration mode for rapid routine determinations to a preset endpoint e g titrations in accordance with special norms and titrations for which reagent overflow must be avoided The titration termi nation at the endpoint takes place either drift controlled or after a waiting period The volume dosed until the endpoint is used for calculating the content of the sample U mv EP I l I I l I l I I I I I l A I i I t gt V mL t s I I I i L j i I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I gt Initial Continuous V mL dosing dosing Figure 17 Reagent dosing for SET 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation 5 Operation 5 1 Switching the instrument on and off Switching on the instrument Proceed as follows E Press the red STOP key The instrument is initialized and a system test performed This process takes some time If a buret unit has b
109. ons DET 68 7 1 1 Start CONAIUONS viimsi i oan kE E E a E R 68 7 1 2 Titration parameters 0 cccececeessececeseeneceteseeseeeeeeeetnateresnents 69 71 3 STOP CONdIONS errient ayaa tect ererat irske ai aree th saaute detent Me 74 ANA s EValuati oN n a E a E EE 76 AEREE S aE A A E tad Sette T 79 7 1 6 STAUSTICS e a A a a a A 81 7 1 7 REPO S face Minas amin a E su data datum A E seek N A eN 81 7 2 Monotonic equivalence point titrations MET 83 7 2 1 StartconditioNS eene a E beret Gen ate mel meena 83 7 2 2 Titration parameters eee eee ceeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeetereeeeeeeneeteeeeneaes 84 Zaa SLOW COMAIMONS sase a ied Newnan man gauss 89 PD EATER teri tai EEA tlON Steen Moet 90 Pic Saltatio e a eeu teteat Marland siddants toca 93 7 2 6 StatiStleS oni tas teatae niet aarti tS merge hee 95 7 2 7 REPOMS iioi tes ccce davis aliai eed onan A E wire 95 7 3 Endpoint titrations SET ccceceeeeeeeeteeeeeenetees 97 7 3 1 Bel g Iae E E AE tL pe ree EA 97 73 2 Stait COnNditoNS irora ttle tek enters E E E 98 7 3 3 Titration parameters eee ceeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeettteeeeenens 100 7 3 4 Control parameters EP sawcsiaevvenendidiiesieucaveaia aise eetasiaiet 102 7 3 5 Control parameters EP 2 ale rauniustnanisSeudehbanvenantetarsaraceiesren tens 105 73 6 SLOOSCOMCIUONS tara tac tn tarate ius E E A taeaniuneias 105 Zada Calculation a E E E ad tects 106 7 3 8 STATISTICS ere deena E E E EE
110. order to avoid data losses After a system initialization the program versions and language files do not have to be reloaded Only the selection of the dialog language may have to be reset in the system settings Proceed as follows for the system initialization 1 Switching off the instrument Keep the red STOP key pressed down for at least 3 s 848 Titrino plus 121 122 10 6 10 6 1 10 6 Remote interface A progress bar is displayed If the key is released during this time then the instrument will not be switched off Switching on the instrument Keep the red STOP key pressed down for approx 10 s The dialog for confirmation of the initialization is displayed for 8 s The initialization must be confirmed during this time System reset request detected gt gt Press BACK key twice to confirm gt gt Time remaining 8 sec Confirming the initialization il Note If the request is not confirmed within 8 s then the procedure will be canceled a Press BACK twice Initialization is started The process takes approximately 80 s The instrument will be automatically restarted after successful initializa tion Remote interface Pin assignment of the remote interface Figure 22 Pin assignment of remote socket and remote plug The above figure of the pin assignment applies for all Metrohm instru ments with 9 pin D Sub remote connector 848 Titrino plus 10 Appendix Table
111. ot accepted until the minimum waiting time has elapsed even if the signal drift has already been reached The minimum waiting time is only important for drift controlled measurements Input range 0 999999 s Default value Os This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user If signal drift has been switched off or has not yet been reached then the measured value will be accepted when the maximum waiting time has elapsed 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters Input range Default value 0 999999 s 26s Table 2 Standard values for predefined titration rates for MET Titration rate Temperature Sensor Solution 848 Titrino plus slow optimal fast Volume increment 0 05000 mL 0 10000 mL 0 20000 mL Dosing rate maximum maximum maximum Signal drift pH U and Ipol 20 0 mV min 50 0 mV min 80 0 mV min Upol 20 0 pA min 50 0 pA min 80 0 pA min Min waiting time Os Os Os Max waiting time 38 s 265 215s Manually entered titration temperature If a temperature sensor is connec ted then the temperature will be measured continuously This value is used for temperature correction in pH measurements Input range Default value 20 0 150 0 C 25 0 C Selection of the sensor from the sensor list The selection depends on the measuring mode Sensors are defined under System gt Sensors Selection Selection of configured sensors Selection of the
112. out of the mains connection socket before you set up or disconnect electrical plug connections at the rear of the instrument Tubing and capillary connections Q Caution gt d Leaks in tubing and capillary connections are a safety risk Tighten all connections well by hand Avoid applying excessive force to tubing connections Damaged tubing ends lead to leakage Appropriate tools can be used to loosen connections Check the connections regularly for leakage If the instrument is used mainly in unattended operation then weekly inspections are manda tory Flammable solvents and chemicals A Warning All relevant safety measures are to be observed when working with flammable solvents and chemicals Set up the instrument in a well ventilated location e g laboratory flue Keep all sources of flame far from the workplace Clean up spilled fluids and solids immediately a Follow the safety instructions of the chemical manufacturer Recycling and disposal This product is covered by European Directive 2002 96 EC WEEE Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment The correct disposal of your old equipment will help to prevent negative effects on the environment and public health 1 3 Safety instructions More details about the disposal of your old equipment can be obtained from your local authorities from waste disposal companies or from your local dealer 848 Titrino plus 2 Overview of the instrum
113. r the sample size 50 3 mg this will be depicted in the calculation report in double precision with 5 02999999999999E 01 Rounding off process Measured values and results are rounded to the defined number of deci mal places commercial rounding in accordance with the US Pharmaco peia USP If the digit at the first dropped decimal place is 1 2 3 or 4 then it will be rounded off if this digit is 5 6 7 8 or 9 then it will be rounded up Negative digits will be rounded in accordance with their amount i e away from zero Examples 2 33 yields 2 3 2 35 yields 2 4 2 47 yields 2 5 2 38 yields 2 4 2 45 yields 2 5 Statistics The arithmetic mean value and the absolute and relative standard devia tions of results are calculated You can statistically evaluate a maximum of five results 1 lt k lt 5 calcula ted in a determination A statistical series can contain a maximum of 20 determinations 1 lt n lt 20 The following convention applies to the subsequent formulas 1 lt n lt 20and1 lt k lt 5 Mean value 1 lt Xk R i l Absolute standard deviation X R Xy j S abs n l Relative standard deviation in Srel 100 S abs PENE Xk Explanations The individual values are incorporated in the statistics with full accuracy 128 848 Titrino plus 848 Titrino plus 10 Appendix 15 significant places are yielded when the 64 bit numerical format is applied for the floating point n
114. re defined under Conditioning Conditioning If this parameter is switched on then the first time the titration is started the working medium will be titrated to the endpoint with the specified control parameters The status is kept stable The actual method run does not begin until START has been pressed once more Conditioning will be carried out again automatically after the titration Selection on off Default value off Start drift Conditioning OK will be displayed as soon as this volume drift has been reached and the titration can be started Input range 1 999 pL min Default value 20 pL min Drift correction The endpoint volume can be corrected by taking the drift value into account For this the volume drift is multiplied with the drift correction time and this value is then subtracted from the endpoint volume The drift correction time is the time interval between the end of conditioning and the end of the determination Selection auto manual off Default value off auto The value of the current volume drift is applied automatically at the Start of the titration manual If the volume drift is known throughout a prolonged period of time then this can be entered manually off No drift correction takes place Drift value This parameter is visible only when Drift correction manual Volume drift for manual drift correction 848 Titrino plus 97 98 7 3 Endpoint titrations SET Cond
115. ree enter tees 43 5 13 Manual Control 0 00000 ccc ceceeeceee cece ee ceenneeeeeeeeeeeees 44 Sele DOSING er sci ceade aetna Nancie fits feet cae e meat ater eens 45 SA32 Measuring 3 2 Pieteiay tect enit A E arte E 49 SAE HE ESAn ADE EEE S AE TEA EE 50 6 System settings 52 6 1 BaSiC S ttin Si 25 2 0 5 eevies savas has deed aed sae ce ga eeu ph seb ate ae 52 6 2 Managing sensors cccccccccceeceeeeeeeeeeeneaeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 56 6 2 1 Genel all ar asena a Re ie ae ee 56 6 2 2 Editing the sensor data as seuavsyeuadeasetuaateteadad ate detauicaystacpantd 56 6 3 Managing solutions 0 ccc cece cece cece eeetteeeeeeees 58 6 3 1 Generala eree es erea e aea Ganieueeted dedi Erda 58 6 3 2 Editing the solution Cates san nsiebendstekatdhatt neice teitesa oan 58 6 4 Managing common variables c cece 60 6 4 1 Generali eee eat eid ar ete Ne de et eh r Mave one create 60 6 4 2 Editing common variables ciiaccahecA oicuts scenic i bnatieaatentne tua 61 6 5 File management iscsi eet 62 848 Titrino plus 848 Titrino plus Table of contents 6 6 Configuring external devices 0 cccceeteeeeteeeees 63 6 7 Instrument diagnosis ccc ceeceeceeeeee cette eeeeenteeeeees 66 6 7 1 Loading program versions and language files 00 ceeeee 66 6 7 2 Diagnosis TUNCTIONS rior ecu coset ren asad a wine Stan eats 67 7 Parameters 68 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrati
116. rement U potentiometric voltage measurement Ipol voltametric measurement with selectable polarization cur rent Upol amperometric measurement with selectable polarization voltage Endpoint titration at one or two specified endpoints Measuring modes pH pH measurement U potentiometric voltage measurement Ipol voltametric measurement with selectable polarization cur rent Upol amperometric measurement with selectable polarization voltage 1 2 About the documentation CAL Electrode calibration Measuring mode pH calibration of pH electrodes 1 1 2 Connectors The instrument is equipped with the following connectors MSB connector Metrohm Serial Bus For connecting a stirrer USB OTG connector The 6 2151 100 adapter can be used to connect for example a printer a USB flash drive or a USB keyboard Sensor connectors Four connectors for the following sensor types pH or redox electrodes reference electrodes polarizable electrodes temperature sensors Pt1000 or NTC Remote connector For connecting a Dosimat or sample changer The Dosimat enables automatic addition of an auxiliary solution 1 1 3 Intended use The 848 Titrino plus is designed for usage as a titrator in analytical labora tories Its main application field is volumetric titration This instrument is suitable for processing chemicals and flammable sam ples The usage of the 848 Titrino plus therefore requires
117. rinted as a part of the instrument identification in the report header Current time Only valid numbers can be entered Format hh mm ss Current date Only valid numbers can be entered Format YYYY MM DD Setting the dialog language An additional language can be selected besides English 848 Titrino plus Dialog type 848 Titrino plus 6 System settings il Note In order to ensure that a second language can be selected it must first be installed This installation must be carried out by specialist personnel In chapter Language files page 66 you will find details regarding the installation of a second language The user dialog can be limited for routine operations One can operate normally with methods in the limited dialog However no settings can be made or methods deleted The resetting of the dialog will take effect as soon as you exit the main menu The limitation of the dialog results in the following The menu items System Parameters and Control are not shown in the main menu a Methods can only be loaded but not deleted exported or created il Note If the limited dialog for routine operation is activated then the expert dialog cannot be activated during ongoing operation To change the dialog type the 848 Titrino plus must be switched off and then back on again The expert dialog can be forced as soon as the instrument is star ted up again Then it is possible to enter w
118. s 6 2 Managing sensors 6 2 1 General Menu gt System gt Sensors electrode Metal electrode Temperature sensor Sees Hew Delete Three standard sensors are defined in the sensor list pH electrode Metal electrode and Temperature sensor These sensors cannot be deleted or renamed The sensor list can contain a maximum of 10 sensors Every sensor is identified with an unambiguous name This means that it is not possible to use the same name twice e g for a pH electrode and for a metal electrode Edit Edit the data of the selected sensor see following chapter New Add a new sensor to the list see following chapter The following sensor types can be selected pH electrode a Metal electrode Temperature sensor Other sensor e g Spectrosense Delete Delete the selected sensor from the list 6 2 2 Editing the sensor data Name The designation of the sensor is used for unambiguous identification Entry max 24 characters Default value empty Type The sensor type is displayed 848 Titrino plus Slope pH 0 Calibration temp Calibration date Monitoring Time interval 848 Titrino plus 6 System settings This parameter only appears for pH electrodes Slope of the pH electrode With a 1 point calibration only pH O can be calculated 100 0 is used as the slope Input range 999 9 999 9 Default value 100 0 This parameter only appears for pH electrodes pH val
119. s it provides are free of errors in materials design or manufacturing The general warranty period is 36 months exclusions below from the date of delivery or 18 months in the event of continuous operation The warranty remains valid on the condition that the servicing is provided by a Service Organization authorized by Metrohm at defined intervals and with a defined scope The warranty period for anion suppressors is 120 months from the date of delivery or 60 months in the event of continuous operation The warranty period for IC separation columns is 90 days after start up For third party components that are recognizable as such the manufac turer s warranty regulations apply Consumables and materials with limited storage life and glass breakage in the case of electrodes or other glass parts are excluded from the warranty Warranty claims cannot be asserted if the customer has failed to meet his payment obligations according to schedule During the warranty period Metrohm undertakes either to replace free of charge or to credit the purchaser for any assemblies or components that can be shown to be faulty Any transport or customs fees that may apply are the ordering party s responsibility The precondition for this is that the ordering party must use the Return Material Authorization RMA to report the faulty part along with specifi cation of the article number the article designation an adequate error description the deliv
120. seseeeeeeeteees 5 1 3 5 Recycling and CISOSel 04 0 ent venstctns ry canciaage cei cocaine ae 5 2 Overview of the instrument 7 3 Installation 9 3 1 Setting up the instrument 000 ce ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteees 9 3 1 1 Packaging emra EA E I EE ES Ri 9 SZ El 1 S A TE E E T E ET 9 35 5 LOCATION eiee de MED AR OE sibhe FRAN han ee Mabtieee 9 3 2 Connecting a Sensor ce ceeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeteennntneeeeeees 9 3 3 Connecting a stirrer oo eere 11 3 4 Connecting a balance ccc ceeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeees 12 3 5 Connecting a keyboard printer and other USB devi COS ihc ctatst Peat ater casita titen e a tnt reat audate aaae 12 3 6 Connecting instruments to the remote connector 15 3 7 Attaching the exchange unit 000 eneee 16 4 Titrations 17 4 1 Dynamic equivalence point titration DET 17 4 2 Monotonic equivalence point titration MET 17 4 3 Endpoint titration SET 0 0 c eect ceeeeeetteeees 18 5 Operation 19 5 1 Switching the instrument on and off 19 5 2 Fundamentals of operation cccceeteereteeeeeees 20 5 2 1 TG KEY DAG irona a mast ie oosa eit toscana aad 20 5 2 2 Structure of the dialog WINdOWS cccesseeseteseeeteeeeeeees 21 Table of contents 5 2 3 Navigating in the dialog svt ntniearrearaindeuneadernegearearitaienivtates 21 5 2 4 Entering text and NUMDETS s ssississsssiiisise
121. ssion Standards fulfil led Immunity Standards fulfil led 11 7 Nominal function range Storage Transport 848 Titrino plus 11 Technical specifications ETL Listed Mark Control number 3144965 UL61010 1 a CSA C22 2 No 61010 1 According to EN IEC UL 61010 1 CSA C22 2 No 61010 1 protection class EN IEC 60529 degree of protection IP40 This document contains safety instructions which have to be followed by the user in order to ensure safe operation of the instrument Electromagnetic compatibility EMC EN IEC 61326 1 EN IEC 61000 6 3 a EN 55022 CISPR 22 EN IEC 61326 1 EN IEC 61000 6 2 EN IEC 61000 4 2 EN IEC 61000 4 3 EN IEC 61000 4 4 EN IEC 61000 4 5 EN IEC 61000 4 6 EN IEC 61000 4 11 EN IEC 61000 4 14 Ambient temperature 5 45 C at a maximum of 85 humidity 20 60 C 40 60 C 133 134 11 8 Reference conditions 11 8 Reference conditions Ambient tempera 25 C 43 C ture Relative humidity lt 60 Operating temper Instrument in operation at least 30 min ature status Validity of the After adjustment data 11 9 Dimensions Material of hous Polybutylene terephthalate PBT ing Material of display Glass cover Width 142 mm Height 164mm Depth 310 mm Weight 2 950 g 848 Titrino plus 12 Warranty Guarantee 12 Warranty Guarantee 848 Titrino plus Metrohm guarantees that the deliveries and service
122. structure on the USB flash drive 848 Titrino plus 6 System settings Backup All of the files of the backup are stored in this directory The directory is created as soon as a backup is created for the first time Files Exported methods are stored in this directory The directory is created as soon as a backup is exported for the first time Only methods located in this directory can be imported pc_lims_report PC LIMS reports are stored in this directory as TXT files The directory is created as soon as a PC LIMS report is printed for the first time 6 6 Configuring external devices PC LIMS report Printer 848 Titrino plus Menu gt System gt External devices Specification of the storage location for the PC LIMS report The PC LIMS report is a machine readable report with all of the important data for a determination It can be saved as follows a asa TXT file on a USB flash drive a toa LIMS via an RS 232 interface The 6 2148 030 RS 232 USB Box is required for this purpose Selection COM USB Stick Default value USB Stick COM2 The report is sent via the serial COM2 interface The interface parame ters set in the dialog COM2 settings are used see Editing the COM2 settings page 65 USB Stick The report will be saved as a TXT file on the USB flash drive in the folder pc_lims_report If a printer is connected then the printer type needs to be defined here in order for the reports to be printed out
123. tering depending on the country specific keyboard used PC mouse In order to make navigating in the dialog of the 848 Titrino plus easier a PC mouse can be connected Table 6 Mouse functions Key of the 848 Titrino plus OK Mouse function Left mouse button BACK Right mouse button 848 Titrino plus 10 Appendix Key of the 848 Titrino plus Mouse function t 2 e Mouse movement vertical hori zontal 0 2 Scroll wheel vertical 10 4 4 Printer The range of USB printers available is extremely varied and constantly changing The following points must be taken into account when select ing a printer USB interface necessary a Printer language HP PCL Canon BJL Commands Epson ESC P 2 or ESC POS il Note Inexpensive printers are often designed solely for use with a PC and may not be equipped with one of the printer languages listed above Such models are not suitable for this reason 10 5 System initialization In very rare instances a faulty file system e g because of a program crash may lead to an impairment of program functioning The internal file system must be initialized in such cases Caution All user data methods solutions etc are deleted if a system initializa tion is carried out Afterwards the instrument will have the factory set tings again We recommend creating a backup of the system at regular intervals in
124. the dosing rate defined under Min rate has been reached The larger the control range the slower the titration Outside of the control range dosing is car ried out continuously and the dosing rate is defined under Max rate Measuring mode pH Input range 0 001 20 000 Default value 2 000 Selection off Measuring mode U and Ipol Input range 0 1 1250 0 mV Default value 100 0 mV Selection off 103 7 3 Endpoint titrations SET Measuring mode Upol Input range 0 01 125 00 pA Default value 10 00 pA Selection off Max rate This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user Rate at which dosing is carried out outside of the control range The maxi mum dosing rate depends on the cylinder volume see Chapter 10 1 1 page 117 Input range 0 01 166 00 mL min Default value 10 00 mL min Selection max Min rate This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user Rate at which dosing is carried out at the very beginning of the titration and in the control range at the end of the titration This parameter has a decisive influence on the titration rate and thus also on the accuracy The smaller the selected minimum rate the slower the titration Input range 0 01 9999 00 pL min Default value 25 00 L min Table 3 Standard values for predefined titration rates for SET Titration rate slow optimal fast Dynamics pH 5 000 2 000 0 500 U und Ipol 300 0 mV 100
125. the same time Input range 0 9 Default value 4 This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user This smallest permitted volume increment is added at the start of the titra tion and with steep curves in the region of the equivalence point Very small values should only be used if a low titrant consumption is expected otherwise unwanted equivalence points could be evaluated Input range 0 05 999 90 UL Default value 10 00 pL This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user A maximum volume increment should be selected in the following cases when titration consumption is very low up until the equivalence point is reached when a start volume is dosed up until shortly before the equivalence point is reached 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters a when the change of direction in the jumping range is very abrupt because otherwise it could easily happen that an excessively large vol ume will be dosed in the region of the equivalence point The value should not be less than 1 100 cylinder volume Input range 0 1 9999 9 uL Selection off Default value off il Note It is not advisable to select similar volumes for the minimum and the maximum increment Monotonic equivalence point titration MET is appropriate for these applications Dosing rate This parameter is visible only when Titration rate user Rate at which the volume increments are dosed The maximum dosin
126. tics Measuring point list Parameters PC LIMS Curve report The width of the curve is defined in the system settings see Graphics width page 64 Selection on off Default value off Output of the calculation formulas for the individual results The results are printed with the maximum resolution This makes recalculation with an external program possible The following data is printed out in addition when statistics is switched on Result and sample size of the individual determinations Mean value as well as absolute and relative standard deviation Selection on off Default value off Output of the measuring point list Selection on off Default value off All of the parameters of the current method are printed out with the para meter report Selection on off Default value off The PC LIMS report is a machine readable report with all of the data important for a determination The PC LIMS report can be saved as a TXT file on a USB storage medium or sent via an RS 232 interface to a LIMS The output location is defined in the system settings see PC LIMS report page 63 The file name of the TXT file is constructed as follows PC_LIMS_Report ID1 YYYYMMDD hhmmss txt Selection on off Default value off 848 Titrino plus 7 Parameters 7 3 Endpoint titrations SET 7 3 1 Conditioning Menu gt Parameters gt Conditioning The conditions required for conditioning a
127. ting the update Press START The update process is started it runs automatically At the end of the process the instrument will be switched off automatically and switched back on again No user intervention is required Diagnosis functions Electronic and mechanical functional groups in Metrohm instruments can and should be checked as part of regular maintenance by specialist per sonnel from Metrohm Please ask your local Metrohm representative regarding the precise terms and conditions involved in concluding a corre sponding maintenance agreement 67 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET 7 Parameters 7 1 Dynamic equivalence point titrations DET 7 1 1 Start conditions Activation pulse Start delay time Start volume Dosing rate Pause 68 Menu gt Parameters gt Start conditions The parameters that are carried out before the start of titration are defined under Start conditions Output of an activation pulse on a remote line This activation pulse starts a connected Dosimat Selection on off Default value off Waiting time after the start of the determination before titration takes place An auxiliary solution can e g be added with a Dosimat during this time parameterization at the Dosimat The Activation pulse parameter must however be switched on for this purpose Input range 0 999999 s Default value Os Volume that is dosed prior to the start of the titration
128. tistical details Additional data from the determination series can be displayed with the Details function Sample size 2 4918 g 2 4873 9g On Off The result and the sample size of each determination are shown Remove the selected determination from the statistics The line will then be marked with an asterisk the statistics will be recalculated automati cally If several calculations are defined in the method then all the results will be removed from the statistics Deleting statistical data All statistical data is deleted with the Reset function The statistics data is deleted automatically in the following cases 848 Titrino plus 5 Operation a When all of the determinations of the determination series have been carried out and a new determination has been started afterwards a When anew method is loaded Adding a determination to a determination series You can use the function Increase to add an additional sample to a determination series e g because a determination was faulty and had to be removed from the statistics The second number in the Statistics line will be increased automatically by one 5 12 Printing a report manually Menu gt Print reports Proceed as follows to print a report manually 1 Opening the main menu n the main dialog select Menu and press OK Menu Manual control rResults Parameters System Control Print 2 Opening the print dialog Select the menu
129. ue of the pH electrode at O mV Apart from the slope pH 0 is the second characteristic of the calibration curve Input range 20 000 20 000 Default value 7 000 This parameter only appears for pH electrodes Temperature at which the last calibration was carried out Input range 20 0 150 0 C Default value 25 0 C This parameter only appears for pH electrodes Date of the last calibration This parameter only appears for pH electrodes Activating and deactivating the calibration monitoring Selection on off Default value off This parameter is visible only when Monitoring on You will be notified that this time interval in days has elapsed when start ing a method You can then select whether or not you would still like to start the method Input range 1 999d Default value 999d 57 6 3 Managing solutions 6 3 6 3 1 Edit New Delete 6 3 2 Name Type 58 Managing solutions General Menu gt System gt Solutions Solutions can be used in intelligent buret units or in non intelligent buret units Intelligent buret units have a built in data chip on which the data for the reagent is stored This data is automatically read out during attach ment and entered in the solution list Reagent 2 Sees Hew Delete The name and the type are specified for each solution in the solution list The asterisk on the right hand side indicates that this buret unit
130. umber in decimal presentation The accuracy can be controlled by the selection of the prefix of the unit milli micro and the number of decimal places Example The result displayed 1234 56789158763 mg L has 15 significant pla ces It should be rounded off to three decimal places according to the above rounding off process 1234 568 mg L If the same result is expressed in g L 1 23456789158763 g L and is also rounded off to three decimal place this yields 1 235 g L l e you obtain the lowest losses in accuracy with rounding when you select the application and the numerical format in such a way that the numbers displayed have as many places before the decimal point as possi ble A complete recalculation of the statistics using a pocket calculator or PC calculation programs may exhibit deviations This can be explained by the different binary numerical formats used by these computers il Note The above losses of accuracy by rounding off in the range of significant places are only relevant theoretically They are generally several orders of magnitude less than measurement technique uncertainties balance errors dosing errors measuring errors 129 130 11 1 Measuring inputs 11 Technical specifications 11 1 Measuring inputs The measuring cycle is 100 ms for all measuring modes 11 1 1 Potentiometry Input resistance Offset current Measuring mode pH Measuring range Resolution
131. y a method based on the For tuin method which has been adapted by Metrohm for numerical methods A search is made for the largest measured value alteration A The exact EP is determined by using an interpolation factor P which depends on the A values before and after An Vip EP volume Vo Dosed total volume before n AV Volume increment P Interpolation factor according to Fortuin For the recognition of the EPs found the set EP criterion is compared with the ERC Equivalence point Recognition Criterion found The ERC is the sum of the measured value alterations before and after the jump A 2 Anal A Anal Agal In certain cases only three or only a single summand are taken into account EPs whose ERC is smaller than the defined EP criterion will not be recog nized The ERC is displayed in the results dialog for each discovered and recognized EP If you adjust the EP criterion after the fact in order to rec ognize more or fewer EPs then you can initiate the reevaluation in the results dialog with the Recalc key Calculation General Menu gt Parameters gt Calculation A maximum of five calculations can be defined in one method A series of variables raw data from the determination previously calculated results is available for the calculations Definition can be made for each calculation as to whether the result is to be saved as a titer or as a common variable EFRA Delete 93 7 2 Monoto
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search
Related Contents
R&S®ZVL Analizador de Redes Vectoriales Handler 120/150 y antorcha Piecemaker 14A BK457IBR3327 MULTIFUNCTION WATCH USER'S MANUAL I User Manual - Equip-Test Quickstart manual "Programming using the PREH BENDIX BW2410F User's Manual Samsung GE81P Manuel de l'utilisateur Home User Guide - Malvern TrustDefender Manual - Info-Point Copyright © All rights reserved.