Coin Sorting and Counting Machine
Contents
1. Reset Vector Starts at Address 0x0000 KKK KK K KKK KK K KKK KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK K KK KKK KKK KKK SRR AK RK RK RK RK RK KK RK KKK KK KK RK KK KK org 0 0000 Start of reset vector goto Initialize org 0 0004 start of interrupt service routine goto ISR routine i KKK K KKK KK KKK K KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK 2K OK OK OK OK OK KKK KE KE KE K K KK KKK K KK KKK KKK K KKK KKK Initialization Routine KKK KK K KK K KK KKK K KK KKK KKK K KKK KKK Initialize TMRO Clear TMRO clrf INTCON Disable Interrupts and clear TOIF bef STATUSRP1 bsf STATUS RPO Select Bank 1 movlw B 11000100 PortB Pull up disabled useful if PortB is Input movwf OPTION REG prescaler of 1 32 movlw B 00000110 PortA all Digital movwf ADCON1 movlw B 11111111 0 1 IN movwf TRISA Port A 11 xxxx TTL movlw 00000000 0 OUT 1 IN 55 movwf TRISB Port B TTL movlw B 11111111 0 OUT 1 movwf TRISC Port C xxxx xxxx schmitt movlw B 00000000 0 OUT 1 movwf TRISD Port D xxxx schmitt movlw B 00000111 0 1 movwf TRISE Port E 0000 Oxxx schmitt bcf STATUS2. KOK include Coin5LCD inc OK K KKK KK KKK K KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKKK end KK KKK KKK K KK K KK KKK KKK KKK Do AddX return KKK KK KKK KKK K KKK KKK KKK KK K KKK KK KK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK K KKK KK KKK KKK KKK 68
3. Chk Limit Temp4 150 btfsc PortC New 6 goto Chk L50X movf Temp2 W sublw H 50 btfss STATUS Z goto Chk 150 bcf PORTD O bsf Temp4 0 Chk L50X Chk 1100 PortC New 7 goto Chk L100X movf Tempi W sublw H 01 btfss STATUS Z goto Chk_L100X bcf PORTD O bsf Temp4 0 Chk L100X Chk LimitX return KKK KK K KKK KK K KKK KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK K KK KKK KKK KKK INC CD05 movf CounD05Lo W movwf Tempi Dec movf Temp1 W movwf CounDO5Lo btfss Temp3 0 goto INC CD05X incf CounDO5Hi F movf CounDO5Hi W movwf Tempi call Dec Adj Tempi W movwf CounDOSHi INC CD05X return incf CounDOS5Lo F KKK KK K KKK KK K KKK KK KKK KKK K KKK KKK KK K KK KKK KKK KKK INC AD05 moviw 05 addwf AmtD05 F movf AmtD05 W movwf Tempi Dec movf Temp1 W movwf AmtD05 btfss Temp3 0 goto INC AD05X incf AmtDO5Lo F 61 movf AmtDO5Lo W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W movwf AmtDO5Lo 3 btfss Temp3 0 goto INC 05 incf AmtDO5Hi F movf AmtDO5Hi W 2 movwf Tempi Dec Tempi W movwf AmtDO5Hi INC ADO5X return
4. 64 10 movlw D 10 F movwf AddLo addwf Amt10Lo F movf AmtD10Hi W 2 movf Amt10Lo W movwf AddHi movwf Tempi Do Add call Dec Adj i movf Tempi W A AmtD25 W movwf Amti10Lo movwf AddDec btfss Temp3 0 movf AmtD25Lo W goto 10 movwf AddLo incf Amt10Hi F movf AmtD25Hi W movf Amt10Hi W movwf A movwf Tempi call Do Add call Dec Adj movf Tempi W A clrf movwf Amt10Hi movf AmtO1Lo W 5 INC 10 return movwf AddLo i movf AmtO1Hi W DE KOK AK AK KK OK KK OK OK KK OK KK KKK OK OK OK OK OK OK E SCC Call Do_Add P Get Total TotalDec clrf TotalLo 5 clrf TotalHi A movf Amt05Lo W movwf AddLo s movf AmtD05 W movf AmtO5Hi W movwf AddDec movwf AddHi movf AmtDO5Lo W call Do Add movwf AddLo AmtDO5Hi W cirf AddDec movwf AddHi movf Amt10Lo W call Do Add movwf AddLo movf Amti0Hi W movf AmtD10 W 2 movwf AddHi movwf AddDec P call Do Add movf AmtD10Lo W Get TotalX return KKK KK K KKK KK K KKK KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK KKK KKK KKK KKK Get TCount movf CounD05Lo W movwf TCountLo movf CounDOSHi W movwf TCountHi movf CounD10Lo W movwf Temp2 movf TCountLo W movwf Tempi 5 Add BCD movf Tempi W 2 movwf TCou
5. 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 tC EL Backlight eLuminous intensity 60 cd m eDriving condition 150 Vrms AC Max 50 1000 Hz ePower consumption 0 17 mA cm eLife 2k hours normal 8k hours long life type INITIAL 3RIGHTNESS 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 TIME X 1000Hours 100 200 300 Ambient condition 25 C 8594RH Voltage Vrms w voltage driving DC is available without 42 Pin Assignment Note Electro static discharge resistance is tested by charging a 200 pf capacitor and discharging it by contact with a interface connector pin PAGI Normal Temperature 2 Extended Temperature Type W wary from recommended you get proper contrast or viewing angie of Compensotion Circuits for Extenced Temp for reference A 1 8Duty 1 4 Fig Thermator Rh 250 5 4200 Resistors Sip ay emer Trorestors PNP on lt 5 k orm 8 1 18Duty 1 583 Fig 2 Thermistor RASY Qo 1 0 4 SETO Ver 50 Ves Logie Su e 4 1 5 43 DL 1 8 bits DL 0 4 bits 6 Function set N 1 2 lines 0 line Fel X 10 dots 0 5 X8 dots Set RAM to cursor BF 1 BF 0 Not busy and DD RAM
6. KKK KKK KKK KK KKK K KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK KKK KKK KKK KKK INC CD10 incf CounD10Lo F E movf CounD10Lo W a movwf Tempi Dec Tempi W movwf CounD10Lo j btfss Temp3 0 goto INC CD10X incf CounD10Hi F movf CounD10Hi W movwf Tempi A call Dec_Adj Tempi W E movwf CounD10Hi 2 INC CD10X return KKK KK K KKK KK KK KK KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK KKK KKK KKK KKK INC AD10 movlw H 10 2 addwf AmtD10 F 4 movf AmtD10 W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W movwf AmtD10 btfss Temp3 0 goto INC AD10X incf AmtD10Lo F movf AmtD10Lo W movwf Tempi A call Dec_Adj movf Tempi W movwf AmtD10Lo btfss Temp3 0 goto INC AD10X incf AmtD10Hi F movf AmtD10Hi W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W movwf AmtD10Hi P INC AD10X return KKK KK K KKK KK K KKK KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK KKK KKK KKK KKK INC CD25 incf CounD25Lo F movf CounD25Lo W i 62 movwf Tempi Dec Tempi W movwf CounD25Lo 7 btfss Temp3 0 4 goto INC CD25X i incf CounD25Hi F movf CounD25Hi W movwf Tempi Dec Tempi W movwf CounD25Hi INC CD25X return i KKK KKK
7. 58 H CO btfsc STATUS Z goto Rd SWD10X movf CounD10Hi W movwf Tempi movf CounD10Lo W movwf Temp2 Chk Limit Rd SWD10X Rd SWD25 btfsc PortA New 2 goto Rd SWD25X btfss PortA Prev 2 goto Rd SWD25X call INC CD25 INC AD25 movf PortC New W H CO btfsc STATUS Z goto Rd SWD25X movf CounD25Hi W movwf Tempi CounD25Lo W movwf Temp2 Chk Limit Rd SWD25X Rd SWO01 btfsc PortA_New 3 goto Rd 5 01 btfss PortA Prev 3 goto Rd SWO1X 01 Rd 5 05 Rd 5 10 call INC A01 2 movf PortC New W btfsc STATUS Z goto Rd SWO1X 2 movf CountO1Hi W 2 movwf Tempi A movf CountO1Lo W movwf Temp2 Chk Limit Rd SWO1X btfsc PortA_New 4 goto SWO5X 2 btfss PortA Prev 4 goto Rd 5 05 05 05 movf PortC New W H CO btfsc STATUS Z goto Rd SWO05X movf Count05Hi W movwf Tempi movf Count05Lo W movwf Temp2 Chk Limit SW05X i btfsc PortA_New 5 goto Rd_SW10X btfss PortA_Prev 5 59 goto SW10X goto Rd_SWStopX 7 10 bcf PORTD O call INC_A10 SWStopX movf PortC New W i andlw 2 SWPage
8. vil Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Design Setting In the Philippines the first coins were used in 1861 Until now people still use coins in their everyday lives Ther are those that deal with coins everyday like banks tranport groups casinos charitable instituitions and the like Daily banks produce and receive coins which they deliver to other establishments to supply their need for coins Charitbale instituitions like churches gather coins from donations during mass And in public transport sector coins are widely used whether as fares or change These establishments count and sort coins everyday Without the use of machines that can handle large operations regarding coins an establishment needs to hire an extra employee just to deal with coins or just count them manually where it could take too much of his time which could be used for other work The design was developed to help the trade and industry in counting coins faster and easier Using phototransistors the design counts faster and more accurate because it is not sensitive to visible light A PIC Microcontroller was used to determine the total number of coins total amount per denomination and the total amount of all coins A three way switch is also used to stop the count every 50 or 100 coins or to continuously count It is surprising how people manage to sort and count coins especially in large quantity The group thought of a design that would try to h
9. 35 36 37 Table 4 1 Table 4 2 Table 4 3 Table 4 4 Table 4 5 Table 4 6 LIST OF TABLES Testing for 25 centavo coins Testing for 1 Peso coins Testing for 5 Peso coins Testing for 10 Peso coins Testing for Mixed Coins Manual Testing LIST FIGURES Figure 1 1 Conceptual Framework Figure 2 1 A sample of 25 centavo coin Figure 2 2 A sample of 1 Peso coin Figure 2 3 A sample of 5 Peso coin Figure 2 4 A sample of 10 Peso coin Figure 2 5 Mag Nif Roll Master CLXX Coin Sorter Counter full stack Figure 3 1 Block Diagram of the Design Figure 3 2 Circuit Diagram of the Design Figure 3 3 List of Materials Used Figure 3 4 System Flowchart vi ABSTRACT The design was entitled Coin Sorting and Counting Machine for it is to sort and count the Philippine coin denomination except for the 5 and 10 centavo coins This was done to be able to help different instituitions that deal with large number of coins in their daily operation Some of these are banks churches charitable instituitions and the transport sector The sorting part of the design is basically mechanical as it sorts the coins through their physical size then counts them as they pass through the phototransistor After performing some tests with the Coin Sorting and Counting Machine the group could say that an almost accurate and reliable machine was created as manifested by the results it made Keywords denomination coin slot rotating plate microcontroller
10. P TIMER 0 TMRO Interrupt Service Routine 1 FRR RK RK RK RK KK KK KKK KKK K KKK KKK TMROint bef INTCON TOIF Reset TMRO Overflow Flag movlw D 07 Store value to TMRO 56 movwf TMRO call Read SW P call Read Sensor call Get Total call Get TCount call Disp DatO call Disp Datl call Disp LCD 7 goto RestoreReg done Restore registers amp exit SK OK OK OK SE SKK KK KKK HE ICE SE OK OK E OK OK KKK K K K KK K KK KKK K KK KKK KKK KKK KKK K Init Var Msg Num movlw D O movwf Msg Num Ld Msg2RAM cirf PORTB cirf PORTD movlw D 1i movwf Disp Sel movf PORTA W P movwf PortA New movwf PortA Prev movf PORTC W movwf PortC New movwf PortC Prev movf PORTE W A movwf PortE New 2 movwf PortE Prev call Reset Count return Reset_Count call call call call call clrf clrf 1 ResetD05 ResetD10 ResetD25 Reset01 Reset05 Reset10 TCountHi TCountLo return ResetD05 clrf clrf clrf clrf clrf CounD05Hi CounDO5Lo AmtDOSHi AmtDO5Lo AmtD05 return 7 ResetD10 clrf clrf clrf clrf clrf CounD10Hi CounD10Lo AmtD10Hi AmtD10Lo AmtD10 return ResetD25 clrf clrf clrf clrf clrf CounD25H
11. PortC New 2 xorlw H CO goto Rd SWPageX btfsc STATUS Z btfss PortC Prev 2 goto Rd SW10X goto Rd SWPageX movf Count10Hi W inc page incf Disp Sel F 2 movwf Tempi Rd SWPageX nop H movf CountiOLo W movwf Temp2 Rd SWRsti PortC New 3 Chk Limit goto Rd SWRstiX SW10X F btfss PortC_Prev 3 goto Rd SWRstiX Rd SensorX movf PortA New W btfss Disp Sel 0 movwf PortA Prev ResetD05 return 5 btfsc Disp Sel 0 Reset01 Rd SWRstlX nop Read SW movf PORTC W Rd SWRst2 btfsc PortC New 4 movwf PortC New goto Rd SWRst2X s btfss PortC Prev 4 Rd SWStart btfsc PortC_New 0 goto Rd SWRst2X 2 goto Rd SWStartX btfss Disp Sel 0 btfss PortC_Prev 0 P ResetD10 goto Rd SWStartX btfsc Disp Sel 0 bsf PORTD O call Reset05 Rd SWStartX nop Rd SWRst2X nop SWStop PortC New 1 Rd SWRst3 PortC New 5 goto Rd SWStopX goto Rd SWRst3X btfss PortC Prev 1 3 btfss PortC_Prev 5 goto SWRst3X btfss Disp Sel 0 call ResetD25 btfsc Disp Sel 0 call Reset10 Rd SWRst3X nop Read SWX movf PortC New W movwf PortC Prev 2 return KKK KK K KKK KK KKK K KK KKK KKK K KKK KKK KK K KK KKK KKK KKK
12. Short Circuit Protection Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection Internal Block Digram Description The MC78XX LM78XX MC78XXA series of three terminal positive regulators are available in the TO 220 D PAK package and with several fixed output voltages making them useful in a wide range of applications Each type employs internal current limiting thermal shut down and safe operating area protection making t essentially indestructible 12 adequate heat sinking is provided they deliver over 1A output current Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents 1 input 2 GND 3 Output 49 Absolute Maximum Ratings Input Voltage for VO 5V to 18V for VO 24V VI Therma Resistance Junction Cases 70 220 Thermal Resistance Juncton Air 70 220 Raa 85 Operating Temperature Range ToPR 0 125 Storage Temperature Range Electrical Characteristics MC7805 LM7805 Refer to test circuit C lt TJ lt 125 C 10 500mA VI 10V C 0 33pF COF 0 1uF unless otherwise specified arameter onditions Min Typ Max TJ 2 259 48 59 52 Output Voltage vo 5 0mA lo 1 0A 15W Vi 7V to 20V 4 75 5 25 VO 7V to 25V Line Regulation Note Regline TJ 25 C o cpu v weaver ep 1 5 0 101 5 9 100 Load Regulation 1 Regloa
13. Then it will count the sorted coins with the use of sensor If a coin passes through the sensor it will be counted by incrementing its specific counter in the program Then the display output will be updated every time there will be a count process It will then check if a reset button is already pressed If any reset button is pressed the counter which the reset button is pertaining to will be reset to 0 and update the output in the LCD display Then the program will check if the limit switch is set to zero or not If it is set to 0 the machine will continue to sort until the stop button is pressed If there is a limit the program will stop the system only if any counter reaches the specified limit It will continue to sort unless any counter will reach the limit When the system is stopped or in halt it will wait for input of start button to resume c Prototype Development In creating the design the mechanical part and the program is done at the same time The sorting portion is the mechanical part of the design The technique used in sorting process is by the size of the coins and the material of the coins for five and ten peso coin For the counting portion of the design infrared phototransistor sensors are used to count the coins 24 For the input section a funnel made of plastic is used to drop coins to the sorter This is to limit the number of coins and the weight that will be put in the design In the sorting portion an AC
14. the device uses sets of rotating disks which carry the coin into a region wherein it could fit The first set of disks is positioned so that whenever the coins touch the disks it would be moved to the second set of disks The second set of disks are properly placed to match a certain thickness of a certain coin If a coin is of the right thickness the coin will pass through and get sorted This method of sorting is somewhat not that reliable It can only be applicable to foreign coins where the thickness vary greatly Philippine coins are almost of the same thickness Sorting them accordingly using this method can impose a lot of problems Secondly this method requires precision in placing the disks One miscalculation and the disks can be either too thin or too thick Coin Counter Boland in his article 8 1986 explains a method in coin counting Coins are counted by using denomination codes that are stored in a code disc Coins fall upon a rotating table that is designed to catch and hold coins of different denominations at different positions The method of counting uses a sensor which stores code in a disc to determine the denomination of a coin This is an efficient way of counting coins since it is also very unlikely to fail because it uses codes for each kind of coin The only downside of this method is the cost of materials that are going to be used Code sensors are very expensive and are available in specialty shops only T
15. 2008 Microcontroller are embedded inside some other device often consumer product so that they can control the features or actions of the product Grout 2007 Oscillator a mechanical or electronic device that works on the principles of oscillation a periodic fluctuation between two things based on changes in energy Alexander and Sadiku 2004 PCB Printed Circuit Board used to mechanically support and electrically connect electronic components using conductive pathways or traces etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non conductive substrate Grout 2007 Photosensor is an electronic component that detects the presence of visible light infrared transmission IR and or ultraviolet UV energy rech Target The IT Media ROI Experts 2008 PIC Microcontroller a microcontroller popular with developers and hobbyists alike due to its low cost wide availability large user base extensive collection of application notes availability of low cost or free development tools and serial programming capability Grout 2007 Power Supply a device or system that supplies electrical or other types of energy to an output load or group of loads is called a power supply unit or PSU Floyd 2003 Rectifier an electrical device that converts alternating current AC to direct current DC Floyd 2003 Resistance the ratio of voltage to current for a particular conductor voung and Freedman 2000 Re
16. RPO Select Bank 0 call Init_Var Init LCD call Disp LCD bsf INTCON TOIE Enable TMRO Interrupt bsf INTCON GIE Enable All Interrupts K KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKKK Main Program Starts Here OK Main nop goto Main 1 DIK OK A AK KK EK AK KK OK OK K K OK OK OK K K KKK K KK KKK K KK KKK OK OK OK OK OK OK KK OK DKK OK A KK KK K KK K KKK KK KKK OK KK SK OK OK OK KOK OK P The Interrupt Service Routine 1 FRR RK K KK K RK RK KK KK KK RK KK KKK KKK ISR_routine Save Registers movwf W_TEMP 2 W W TEMP movf STATUS W STATUS gt W movwf STAT TEMP W gt STAT TEMP bcf STATUS RPO 0 Check which interrupt has occurred btfsc INTCON TOIF TimerO Interrupt goto TMROint Other causes disregard RestoreReg Restore Registers movf STAT TEMP W STAT TEMP gt W movwf STATUS W gt STATUS movf W_TEMP W W gt W retfie Return from Interrupt 1 DIK OK OK A KK KK KK OK OK K K OK OK OK K KK OK OK K KK OK OK KK KK KKK OK KK OK OK KK OK OK
17. at the same time that it sorted continuously However when exact quantity was placed the machine sorted it 29 accurately The machine could sort 50 pieces of coins in just 1 minute Upon setting the limit to 100 an error happened on the second trial when the machine counted only 99 pieces when it should have been 100 pieces The error had occurred probably because 2 coins overlapped when they passed through the sensor so they were counted as a single coin The time needed to sort 100 pieces of coins is 99 seconds Test conducted for 10 Peso coins The purpose of this test was to sort 5 and 10 peso coins using a coin slot and 5 peso as a sample Once the magnetic property of the sample is not met the slot will reject the coin and sort it as 10 peso coin In testing the 10 peso coin the limit switch was first set to 50 then the coins were placed on the revolving plate After testing 50 pieces the limit switch was then set to 100 pieces then the coins were again placed The waiting time was until the limit was reached 30 Limit Lmit5O0 O Limit 100 Machine Actual Machine Actual E me PE pu Time d 1 Sec 86 trial 2 58 sec 90 sec els bow leo 88 sec Table 4 4 Testing for 10 Peso coins Table 4 4 shows the results of the test for the 10 peso coins Trial 1 had exact number of coins when the limit was set to 50 and both trial 2 and trial 3 exceeded the limit by 1 but cou
18. determine fake coins and segregate deformed coins 36 BIBLIOGRAPHY Alexander C K amp Sadiku M N O 2004 Fundamentals of Electric Circuits 274 ed New York NY McGraw Hill Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas 2005 BSP Notes and Coins Retrieved November 9 2008 from http www bsp gov ph Boilot M H Gleason G M amp Horn W L 1979 Essentials of Flowcharting 57 ed University of Michigan W C Brown Co Castellano J A 2005 LIQUID GOLD The Story of Liquid Crystal Displays and the Creation of an Industry Singapore World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Factory Express 2008 Business Machine amp Supply Direct Retrieved November 8 2008 from http www factory express com Floyd T L 2003 Electronics Fundamentals Circuits Devices and Applications 6 ed Upper Saddle River NJ Prentice Hall Grout I 2007 Digital Systems Design with FPGAS Ireland University of Limerick Harris T 1998 2008 How Stuff Works How Light Emitting Diodes Work Retrieved November 8 2008 from http www howstuffworks com Lactaeaon MP A Manansala DJ D Racelis MR S amp Victorio S R 2006 Enhancement of the Philippine Coin Sorter and Counter System with the Use of PIC Microcontroller Merriam Webster Dictionary 2004 Purdie I C 1998 2001 Electronic Tutorials Amateur Radio Tutorial Retrieved November 8 2008 from http www eletronic tutorials com Tech Target 2008 7he IT Medi
19. machine had been successful in its objectives and could help the trade and industry The Coin Sorting and Counting Machine was tested using 100 pieces of each 25 centavo 1 peso 5 peso and 10 peso coins The 25 centavo coins and 1 peso coins were tested through their physical size while the 5 peso coins and 10 peso coins were compared using a coin slot due to their similarity in size The coin slot used a 5 peso coin as its sample Test conducted for 25 centavo coins The first test conducted was meant to determine if 25 centavo coins would be properly sorted and counted by the machine The first step conducted was to set the limit to 50 pieces In this case the motor will automatically stop once it reaches the limit 100 pieces of 25 centavo coins were placed in the rotating plate The waiting time was until the coins were counted and reached the limit After completing three trials the limit was then set to 100 pieces then the same steps were performed The test was timed and monitored in three trials enough to simulate the behavior of the machine 26 25 Limit LimittO Limit 100 Machine Actual Machine Actual Trials Count Count Time Count Count Time trial 1 EM MR E 81sec trial 2 Lace d a La 90 sec trial 3 1 79 Table 4 1 Testing for 25 centavo coins Table 4 1 shows the machine count and the actual count for the testing of 25 centavo coins Initially 100 pieces of coins were sorted and coun
20. mixed coins the limit was set to infinite to determine if all 400 coins would be sorted accordingly to their denominations The results relied greatly on the quantity of coins placed in the rotating plates that sort the coins For this test a large quantity of coins was placed to know the maximum number of coins that the machine can still count with accuracy As the results showed the machine could not perform accurately once large quantity was placed at the same time In trial 1 only the 10 peso coins were sorted and counted properly Other coin counters showed that they were less than or more than those of the required value The error occurred probably when the coins were simultaneously sorted and they have passed through sensor at the same time In trial 2 both the 5 peso and 10 peso coins were counted properly And in the last trial the 1 peso coin exceeded because one 25 centavo coin was sorted as 1 peso coin In all the trials the time required was 10 to 11 minutes to sort 4 denominations of coins which were 100 pieces each Test for Manual Testing This test was done to compare whether the machine could be more efficient in sorting and counting coins than a person who would do the sorting and counting manually The test was done by making 5 different persons sort and count a combination of all coins 100 pieces per denomination They were given the samples then let them do the test Their performance time was recorded 33 They w
21. motor is used to run a revolving plate with holes with the size enough to hold any coin which will rotate on another plate that contains holes exactly fitted to Philippine coins These two plates do the coin sorting process For the five and ten peso coins since they have the same size a material sensor is used to separate them This sensor checks if the input coin has the same material with the sample In the design the material sensor uses the five peso coin as the sample This will accept five peso coin and will reject any other coins that will be inserted to it which is the ten peso coin in the design For the counting portion of the design infrared phototransistor sensors are put to every end of bridge or tunnel of every coin coming from the sorter This sensor is used because it is not sensitive to room lighting This sensor gives a value of logic 1 every time something passes through it The signal will be processed by the microcontroller to increment the count and compute the equivalent value of the coin Then these values will be output to a LCD Display of the design The LCD contains the number of coins counted by the sensor and processor the equivalent values and the grand total of all the coins sorted by the machine 25 Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA The testing of the design made was very critical since it involved money and required much accuracy and reliability The results would show if the
22. the machine could not control any coin that passed through the sensor after the motor stopped but would still count any coin that followed The average time to sort 1 Peso coins is 52 3 Then the limit was set to 100 It was noticed that there were no errors in the three trials It would take 83 seconds to sort 100 pieces of 1 Peso coin Test conducted for 5 Peso coin 28 The purpose of the test was to know if the coin slot would work properly in sorting the same sizes of coins The coin slot was used to distinguish the 5 peso from the 10 peso coin Before testing the actual design the coin slot was tested first The slot was placed with a 5 peso coin as a sample Upon placing the sample coin the machine was then tested by placing a handful of 5 peso coins on the rotating plate at a time since placing the entire 100 pieces of coins would be too heavy for the plates and the motor Limit 50 Limit 100 Machine Actual Machine Actual Trials NE m m v m trial 1 E d UN Sec pu Sec trial 2 51 51 63 sec 100 124 sec trial 3 51 51 60 sec 100 100 86 sec Table 4 3 Testing for 5 Peso coins As can be gleaned in Table 4 3 all trials have the same number of machine count Though it exceeded the limit that was set the machine still provided accuracy satisfactory enough because there was no much discrepancy between the actual count and the machine count This happened when large quantity of coins was placed in the machine
23. 2 i KKK KKK K K K KK K KKK KK KKK K KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK 2K OK OK OK OK OK INC 05 incf CountO5Lo F movf Count05Lo W movwf Tempi Dec Tempi W movwf Count05Lo btfss Temp3 0 goto INC 05 2 incf CountO5Hi F movf Count05Hi W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W movwf Count05Hi INC C05X return i KKK KK K K K K KK K KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK K KKK KKK KKK OK OK OK OK OK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK OK KK OK KK OK OK OK INC_A05 movlw D 5 addwf AmtO5Lo F movf Amt05Lo W movwf Tempi Dec 2 movf Tempi W movwf Amt05Lo H btfss Temp3 0 goto INC 05 incf AmtO5Hi F A movf Amt05Hi W movwf Tempi Dec Tempi W movwf Amt05Hi INC 05 return i OK INC C10 incf Count10Lo F movf Counti0Lo W movwf Tempi call Dec Adj Tempi W movwf Counti0Lo btfss Temp3 0 goto INC C10X incf Count10Hi F movf Count10Hi W movwf Tempi Dec Tempi W 5 movwf Count10Hi INC C10X return j OK OK
24. ANANIVREP RAATOCKI DIT L Lx RBO NT RB1 RB2 RB3FPGM RES RBS 4 CIATIOSOTICKI Ci T OSI CCe2 CZ CCP1 C3 SCK sCL RCA SOUSDA RCS SOO RCT RX OT X m d LX Be Walcncog Tmer OSC1ICLNN Srowrrout ROGIPSFO OSC2 CLKOUT RD PSP1 r Cicuit RD2 PSP Detugger RD3 PSP3 Low voltage RD4 PSP4 Ps ROSIP SPS ROTIPSPT REQANS RD REWANEIWR REDANTICS 12 4 A D L Data EEPROM CCP1 2 Note 1 Higher order biis sre from the STATUS register 47 PIC16F87X TABLE 1 2 PIC16F874 AND PIC16F877 PINOUT DESCRIPTION OSCI CLKIN 3 14 30 1 oscuater crystal Inputiextemal clock source input OSC2 CLKOUT 14 31 Oscillator crystal output Connects to crystal or resonator In crystal oscillator mode In RC OSC2 pin outputs CLKOUT which nas 1 4 tne frequency of OSC 1 and denotes the Instruction cycle rate WE i ee Master Clear Reset Input or programming voltage Input This pin Is an active low RESET to the device PORTA ls a bi directional I O port RADIAN RAO can also be analog RA1 can also be analog putt RAZ AN2 Vmer 1 RA2 can also be analog Mput2 or negative analog reference voltage 2 can also be analog Mput3 or positive analog reference voltage RAA TOCKI RAA can als
25. Coin Sorting and Counting Machine By Ray Anthony C Reyes Mark Phillip P Tan Timothy Jude O Torralba A Design Report Submitted to the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Communications Engineering and Computer Engineering in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Mapua Institute of Technology November 2008 Mapua Institute of Technology School of EE CoE This is to certify that we have supervised the preparation of and read the design report prepared by Ray Anthony C Reyes Mark Phillip P Tan Timothy Jude O Torralba entitled Coin Sorting and Counting Machine and that the said report has been submitted for final examination by the Oral Examination Committee Engr Jocelyn F Villaverde Design Adviser As members of the Oral Examination Committee we certify that we have examined this design report presented before the committee on Nov 25 2008 and hereby recommend that it be accepted as fulfillment of the design requirement for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Engr Isagani V Villamor Engr Panel Member Panel Member m Joyce antos Chairman This design report is hereby approved and accepted by the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Communications Engineering and Computer Engineering as fulfillment of the design requirement for the degree in Bachelo
26. K K K KK K KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK 2K OK OK OK KOK INC 25 movlw H 25 addwf AmtD25 F movf AmtD25 W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W movwf AmtD25 btfss Temp3 0 goto INC AD25X incf AmtD25Lo F movf AmtD25Lo W 2 movwf Tempi A call Dec_Adj Tempi W movwf AmtD25Lo btfss Temp3 0 P goto INC AD25X incf AmtD25Hi F movf AmtD25Hi W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W movwf AmtD25Hi INC AD25X return KKK KK K KKK KK K KKK KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK K KK KKK KKK KKK INC 01 incf CountO1Lo F movf CountO1Lo W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W movwf Count0iLo i btfss Temp3 0 goto INC 01 incf CountO1Hi F 2 movf CountO1Hi W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W 2 movwf CountO1Hi P INC CO1X return 01 incf Amt01Lo F movf Amt0iLo W movwf Tempi Dec movf Tempi W 63 movwf Amt0iLo btfss Temp3 0 goto INC 01 incf AmtO1Hi F movf AmtO1Hi W movwf Tempi Dec Tempi W P movwf AmtO1Hi 3 INC 01 return
27. a ROI Experts Retrieved November 8 2008 from http www techtarget com Young H D amp Freedman 2000 University Physics 10 ed Singapore Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd 37 Appendix User s Manual 1 Plug the power cord into a 220v source then turn on the main power switch located at the lower left side of the machine 2 Set the limit switch to the desired number of coins Pressing the switch up sets the limit to 50 coins Pressing the switch down sets the limit to 100 coins Placing the switch in a neutral position sets the limit to infinite 3 Press the Reset button for each line to reset the values for each denomination Press the Page Up to switch between lines 38 4 Put a handful of coins in the coin tube 5 Press the Start button to begin sorting and counting 39 APPENDIX B LCD Module Data Sheet WM Ce004C 40 CHARACTERS X 4 LINES FEATURES MECHANICAL DATA CURSOR DIMENSIONS 2 BULT IN CONTROLLER HD44780U OR EQUIVALENT 5 SV POWER SUPPLY 4 1 16 DUTY CYCLE 71 Dot Pitch W x H 5 42V LED FORWARD VOLTACE Oot Pech iw xg 0530 40 Environmental Conditions Optical Characteristics The following data are only for reference please check the details specification in our product 41 Backlight Characteristics
28. address Execution Time E of Instruction Under condition of fep or fosc 1 amp 2 1 52 ms 3 11 37 5 r Either 0 or 1 44 Character Code Map 1 Higher 4 bit D4 to D7 of Character Code Hexadecimal oS BRP JS EERE THERES SRBC LPFG 18 pNP SEED Ae 3 EE e Lower 4 bit DO to D3 of Character Code Hexadecimal E T To To To E E Ced n DN EL SIDE EC EXE IEEE 51 Rm dt iD Ak p xd wr Enti PELLI retten cpm BEES BERTA FT CY PET EE Pw sean 45 Character Code Map 2 RT BE CER pp JSE JSR EERE EIS HEE Pew E T ECL E AA SF A Sra B duds SHE HT ae ETRE AE eu Pil DG BIN EH Bp 46 APPENDIX PIC16F87X Data Sheet PIC16F87X FIGURE 1 2 PIC16F874 AND PIC16F877 BLOCK DIAGRAM Program Data see picterare 1925yes 16 877 368 Bytes 256 Bytes 13 2 Level Staci Fie 13 0 Register RAM Adar Addr MUX x RADNANIVREP R
29. d 25 IO 250 to 750 N 5 to 1 0A Quiescent Current Change Vi 7V to 25V Dr Output Noise Voltage f 10Hz to 100KHz 25 tee sc Peak Current ax a Note 1 Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature Changes Vo due to heating effects must be taken imo account separately Pulse testing with low duty is used 53 APPENDIX E Source Code KKK KK K KKK KK KKK K KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK KKK KKK KKK KKK FRR AR RK RK RK A KK KR KK RK KK KK RK KK KK File COINCTR5 ASM 4Mhz processor 16F877 include lt P16F877 inc gt config XT OSC amp WDT OFF amp PWRTE ON amp LVP OFF amp BODEN OFF KKK KKK KKK KK KK KK KK KKK KK K K KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK FRR A RK KK RK RK KK RK KK OK ROKK RK KK KK P General Purpose RAM location STATUS reg RP1 RPO x Bank 0 RP1 RPO 00 20H to 7FH 96 bytes Bank 1 1 01 20H to 6FH 80 bytes Bank 2 RP1 RPO 10 10H to 6FH 96 bytes Bank 3 RP1 RPO 11 10H to 6FH 96 bytes Note common access Bank 0 to Bank 3 70H to 7FH KKK KK K KKK KK KKK K KK KKK KKK K KKK KK K KK KKK KKK KKK KKK FR A RK RK RK RK KK RK KK KK KK RK KK KK CounDO5Hi CounDO5Lo CounD10Hi CounD10Lo Variable D
30. eclaration equ H 20 equ H 21 i equ H2 1 equ H 23 CounD25Hi CounD25Lo CountO1Hi CountO1Lo CountO5Hi Count05Lo Count10Hi Counti0Lo AmtDO5Hi AmtDO5Lo AmtD05 AmtD10Hi AmtD10Lo AmtD10 AmtD25Hi AmtD25Lo AmtD25 AmtO1Hi AmtO1Lo AmtO5Hi AmtO5Lo Amt10Hi Amti0Lo TotalDec TotalLo TotalHi AddDec AddLo AddHi equ equ H 25 equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ equ H 24 H 26 H 27 H 28 H 29 H 2A H 2B H 30 H 31 H 32 H 33 H 34 H 35 H 36 H 37 H 38 H 39 H 3A H 3B H 3D equ H 40 equ H 41 equ H 42 equ H 43 equ H 44 equ H 45 54 TCountHi equ 46 7 TCountLo equ H 47 Port New H 50 PortA Prev H 51 PortC equ H 52 PortC Prev H 53 PortE New H 54 PortE Prev H 55 Disp Sel equ H 56 PortB Buf 70 Waiti Val equ H 71 Wait2 Val H 72 R Disp Line H 73 Disp Char H 74 Msg Num equ H 75 i Tempi equ H 79 temporary variable Temp2 equ H 7A 1 Temp3 equ H 7B 4 equ 7 W TEMP equ H 7D temporary variable for W STAT TEMP H T7E temporary variable for STATUS PCLATH TEMP equ H 7F LCD RAM Buf equ H 20 Bank 1
31. elp and solve the problem of counting coins of large quantity With the design the group can help the trade and industry by providing a simple yet effective way of dealing with large quantity of coins and saving precious time which can be put to other work Statement of the Problem Persons who manually sort and count coins of large quantity usually take too much of their time and may refrain themselves from doing other tasks There are available coin sorters and counters in the market but are very expensive The main problem of the study is to find a way to count and sort Philippine coins of different denominations in less time and with accuracy Objective of the Design The general objective of the design was to develop a coin sorting machine that sorts and counts Philippine coins The other specific objectives were as follows 1 Use the PIC Microcontroller to program the machine to stop every 50 or 100 coins counted 2 Provide more accuracy and reliability in counting coins 3 Create a design with less cost and more simple 4 Sort a variety of coins in less time 5 To contribute something beneficial to the trade and industry Significance of the Study This study is an improvement of the existing coin sorter being used in the country The group wanted to share the design project to owners of establishments and small businesses by letting them try to use this kind of technology in their everyday dealings with sorting and count
32. ere asked to manually sort and count the coins without knowledge of the quantity of the coins 13 min 32 11 min 41 sec 11 min 58 sec Table 4 6 Manual Testing Table 4 6 shows the results of the five trial testing to determine which between machine counting and manual counting was more efficient The data obtained proved that machine counting was more efficient from manual counting 34 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion After performing a number of tests and trials on how the Coin Sorting and Counting Machine performed it can be concluded that a nearly accurate and reliable machine was created as proven by the results taken Though a few errors had occurred in certain trials the percentage of error was minimal and negligible The machine can perform its best if the quantity of coins placed is not too massive or heavy because the behavior of coins depends greatly on the amount of quantity placed simultaneously in the machine The design was also implemented in the best ways possible by using a phototransistor as its sensors and a PIC microcontroller The phototransistor was used because it is not affected by visible light and it triggers when its beam is cut The microcontroller was also able to stop the motor once the limit is set The sorting mechanism is simple in a way that it sorts the coins by using a plate fitted with holes as exact as the size of each coin and another plate that revolves
33. f coins or by an entire denomination of coins The Roll Master CLXX is equipped with a convenient overflow trap so that you do not have to stop when one coin tube is full or all four coin tubes of one denomination are 15 full It will continue to sort coins until you are finished Any excess coins will simply spill into the overflow tray The Roll Master CLXX is built for speed and accuracy it includes patented sorting technology and patent pending anti jamming features A unique feature of the Roll Master CLXX allows full access to the entire mechanism for easy maintenance without the use of any tools There is an automatic shut off when you access the coins The Roll Master CLXX is powered by an AC adaptor and two AA batteries source www factory express com The Roll Master CLXX is indeed a very good coin sorting and counting machine Unfortunately it is only available in other countries and the cost is way higher and it only sorts US coins Chapter 3 DESIGN METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES Design Methodology The design is a constructive research since it is to develop a system to be used as a solution to a problem that needs to be solved The problem is to create a way to sort and count coins faster than a man can do The counter and sorter should also be more accurate and easier than manual sorting and counting The group researched on existing coin sorter machines as reference on how to develop a prototype that would be accurate a
34. he counting section of the design Then the results will now be displayed in the LCD which is the output section of the design 20 2 Schematic Diagram LCO DISFLAY 20 CHAR X 4 LINES KRDDDDDDDDERRYVY paaie COIN SLOT P0 25 COIN SLOT 0 2 COIN SLOT P0 25 COIN SLOT P1 00 COIN SLOT PS 00 aK XE YMCLR VPP RB7 PGD PBe PGCE sE OSCI CLKIN RDS PSP5 89 OSC2 CLKoUT 4 2 2kco7r10so rTickr Ee 1 10651 62 RCG6 TX CK C2 CCP1 RCS SDO 25 COIN SLOT P10 00 C3 SCK SCL 4 501 lt 2 20 85 ROS PSr3 1 5 RO2 PSP2 PIC1 F877 MOT R 220 MATERIAL S COMPARATOR MODULE 220vac PCeOC 212V9 BRTOCE Figure 3 2 Circuit Diagram of the Design 21 3 List of Materials jUnitPrice in Php B NN Capacitor Capacitor 4700 25 V Electrical 38 00 Capacitor PBPC Rectifier Diode IR Sensor 38 00 Figure 3 3 List of Materials Used 22 b Software Design 1 System Flowchart or Algorithm START Figure 3 4 System Flowchart 23 The system starts by initializing all the variables needed such as the input buttons and the counters and the variables in the program Then it can now accept input from the input buttons and coins from the funnel If the start button is pressed the machine will start to sort the coins inside it
35. he method is somewhat similar to bar coding which also uses a sensor in detecting the bars in every code The Philippine Peso Coins www bsp gov ph Figure 2 1 A sample of 25 centavo coin 25 Centavos Composition 65 Copper 35 Zinc Diameter 20 0mm Figure 2 2 A sample of 1 Peso coin 1 Peso Composition 75 Copper 25 Nickel Diameter 24 0mm 13 Figure 2 3 sample of 5 Peso coin 5 Peso Composition 70 Copper 24 5 Zinc 5 5 Nickel Diameter 27 0mm Figure 2 4 A sample of 10 Peso coin 10 Peso Composition Ring 75 Copper 25 Nickel Core 92 Copper 6 Aluminum 2 Nickel Diameter 26 5 14 Mag Nif Roll Master CLXX Coin Sorter Counter Retrieved November 11 2008 from www factory express com Figure 2 5 Mag Nif Roll Master CLXX Coin Sorter Counter full stack Figure 2 5 shows the Mag Nif Roll Master CLXX Coin Sorter Counter It sorts coins directly into preformed paper wrappers that can be placed into twenty coin tubes With its durable design and chrome plated stainless steel parts the Roll Master CLXX can sort thousands of coins in just minutes The LCD digital display offers many functions You can keep a total and a running total or grand total from the start The bank s capacity is 170 00 but the grand total feature continues to count up to 999 99 so you can keep track of a small or large dollar value You may also subtract dollar values in the total by single coins by a roll o
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37. ing coins The proposed design will be affordable to ordinary people and can be applicable to various industries like banking charitable institutions and etc The design is also implemental because the equipment and materials to be used are locally available The users also have an option to limit the coins to be sorted To students the design will be beneficial since it develops their creativity by improvising on their own way on how to sort and count different denominations of Philippine coin The design would be helpful to students especially those who keep spare coins and store them in a piggy bank Students will have an easier task of counting coins The school especially the treasury department can directly benefit from the design since it can use the machine for its daily operation A good example will be during the enrollment period when treasury personnel are handling large amount of coins They can use the design to sort or count coins according to denomination Conceptual Framework INPUT SORT COUNT OUTPUT A rotating plate The system will Upon sorting the Display its total will hold the coins sort the coins coins the system will value and to be sorted according to their count the coins amount denominations Figure 1 1 Conceptual Framework The design will sort the coins according to its denomination and size starting from the smallest to the largest coin The designers
38. l that would be used for input of coins The sorting part was consisted of the revolving plates with holes fitted for philippine denomination coins These plates were operated by an AC motor for it to revolve Included in this part was the passage way of each coin to the containers The material sensor which was used to sort five peso coins from ten peso coins was also included in this part The infrared sensors located at each passage way of coins is the counting part of the machine The LCD display served as the output part of the system A microcontroller and power supply circuit controlled the whole operation of all sections of the prototype a Hardware Design The following are the procedures in creating the prototype 1 Prepare the needed materials such as the different kinds of input switches LCD display power supply acrylic plastic for the body of the prototype etc Create all the needed circuits which include the microcontroller circuit and the power supply circuit Create the body of the prototype and insert the input switches needed in the input section Connect the input switches to the microcontroller circuit Use the funnel as input section where the coins will be placed This is the top part of the prototype Create the sorting part of the design This includes the 2 plates with holes fitted for Philippine coin denominations which serve as the sorter and the bridges or passage way of the coins to their containe
39. ld still be acceptable because the machine has no control over stopping the coins that will follow after the limit was reached and the motor stopped What it can do is to still count the coin the will pass through the sensor Sorting 50 pieces of 10 peso coins requires almost a minute 58 7 seconds Upon setting the limit to 100 coins an error occurred only in the first trial when the machine had counted only 99 coins when it should have been a hundred 88 seconds was needed to sort 100 pieces of 10 peso coins 31 Test conducted for mixed coins The purpose of this test was to determine the behavior of the machine once different coins were placed at the same time and how fast it could sort and count different denomination of coins The first step was to place all coins to be used in a plastic or any container then mix the coins to ensure random sampling The limit was set to 50 and the waiting time was until all the denominations reached the limit The same step was done upon switching the limit to 100 It was assumed that a handful of coins should be placed on the plate at a time so that it could still perform with accuracy and within the capability of the plates and motor Machine Count Actual Count Machine Count Actual Count wal w o wm w wasl o o Machine Count Actual Count Machine Count Actual Count Time 10 min 36 sec 11 min 04 sec 10 min 57 sec 32 For the testing of
40. nd fast and that would observe the accuracy of the techniques the existing designs used Upon observation the group tested the different techniques used by existing or recent counters They tried to develop also new ways and improvements of existing techniques They had performed several tests on how to efficiently and accurately sort and count coins of different denominations The group first tested a similar technique done by previous studies which use a sorting arm with the exact holes of every coin that are arranged from the smallest to the largest coins Two to three holes of each coin are placed simultaneously to increase its reliability in sorting coins The group also found some problems on how to sort the 5 and 10 peso coins since they are the same in size with a very minimal difference in their thickness The other test was to use a revolving plate which assures that only single coin will be sorted a time but to be fast the group decided to create holes in succession Another way was to sort the coins by their weight but the technology was quite expensive for the group By doing some research the group came up with the best way to sort the 5 and 10 peso coins and that was to use a coin slot which uses a sample to compare its magnetic property to the one to be tested Design Procedure The design was composed of the input sorting counting and output sections Included in the input section were the input switches and the funne
41. nd is not always efficient in sorting because many factors interfere Some factors are the angle of inclination of the sorting arm the friction in the sorting arm and the length of the sorting arm This is why it takes longer for the Philippine coin sorter to sort coins The display is bulky since it is stored in a computer rather than in an LCD Coin sorting apparatus with rotating disc stationary guide plate for sorting coins by their different diameter An article by Schwartz october 4 1988 about a coin counter talks about sorting coins by their diameter It uses a rotating plate which are filled with holes that catches coin upon insertion Behind the plate are reference holes designed according to the different diameters of the coin to be sorted The coin rotates in the rotating plate until it finds a hole that matches its size Sorting coins according to their diameter is a simple and yet effective way of sorting It only uses a rotating plate and a reference plate which can be easily made out of cheap materials The only downside of this method is when coins get stacked above one another A smaller coin stacked above a bigger coin can fall in the bigger coin s hole and end up in the wrong place This can cause some errors in sorting Coin sorter apparatus and method utilizing coin thickness as a discriminating parameter Another article by Rasmussen october 1 1985 talks about sorting coins by their thickness According to the article
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43. o De the clock Input to the Timerd timer counter Output Is open drain type RAS SS AN4 T RAS can also be analog put or the slave select for the synchronous serial PORTS ls a bi directional l O port PORTE can be soft ware programmed for internal weak pull up on all Inputs REO can also be the external interrupt pin can also be the low vonage programming input Interrupt on change pin Interrupt on change pin b d w Interrupt on change or in Circult Debugger Serial programming ciock Interrupt on change or in Circult Debugger Serial programming data Legend 1 input output WO Inpuvoutput P power Not used TTL TTL Input ST Schmitt Trigger input Note 1 This bufer Is a Scnmitt Trigger input when configured as an external interrupt 2 This bu er 5 a Schmitt Trigger input when used In Serial Programming mode 3 This bu er Is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured as general purpose I O and a TTL Input when used in the Parallel Slave Port mode for intertacing to a microprocessor bus 4 This bu er Is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured in RC oscillator mode and a CMOS Input otherwise pH RBT PGD E 48 APPENDIX D LM7805 Data Sheet MC78XX LM78XX MC78XXA 3 Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Features Output Current up to 1A Output Voltages of 5 8 9 10 12 15 18 24V Thermal Overload Protection
44. ot with perfect accuracy 4 The coins once sorted and counted will be placed in a holding container randomly and not stacked Definition of Terms AC Alternating Current is a current that varies sinusoidally with time Alexander and Sadiku 2004 AC Motor a type of motor that uses alternating current AC Young and Freedman 2000 Accuracy a measured value that is how close it is likely to be to the true value Young and Freedman 2000 Capacitance is the ratio of the charge on one plate of a capacitor to the voltage difference between the two plates Alexander and Sadiku 2004 Capacitor is a passive element designed to store energy in its electric field alexander and Sadiku 2004 Ceramic Capacitor a capacitor that is light in weight stable and its change in temperature is predictable Alexander and Sadiku 2004 Coin is usually a piece of hard material usually metal or a metallic material usually in the shape of a disc and most often issued by a government Merriam Webster Dictionary Counter a program that counts and typically displays how many rout 2007 Crystal Oscillator an oscillator that uses a quartz crystal to generate a frequency Such devices generally output a fixed frequency but some can be controlled by a tuning voltage over a small range Purdie 1998 2001 DC Direct Current is a current that remains constant with time Alexander and Sadiku 2004 DC Mo
45. r of Science in Computer Engineering Dean School of EE ECE CoE TABLE 5 TITLE PAGE APPROVAL SHEET TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES ABSTRACT Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Design Setting Statement of the Problem Objective of the Design Significance of the Study Conceptual Framework Scope and Delimitation Definition of Terms Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES How the Philippine coin sorter and counter works Coin sorting apparatus with rotating disc stationary guide plate for sorting coins by their different diameter Coin sorter apparatus and method utilizing coin thickness as a discriminating parameter Coin counter The Philippine Peso coins Mag Nif Roll Master CLXX Coin Sorter Counter Chapter 3 DESIGN METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES Design Methodology Design Procedure Hardware Design Block Diagram vi vii Em iii Schematic Diagram List of Materials 22 Software Design Prototype Development Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA Test conducted for 25 centavo coins Test conducted for 1 peso coins Test conducted for 5 peso coins Test conducted for 10 peso coins Test conducted for mixed coins Test for Manual Testing Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion Recommendation BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDICES Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E 21 23 24 35
46. rs upon sorting and the material sensor for five peso and ten peso coins Prepare the AC motor circuit connection and the power supply then connect it to the sorter Check if the motor moves the sorter well For the counting section place the sensors along the passage way of each coins Place them opposite each other in a way the LED is aligned to the infrared Connect this sensors to the microcontroller circuit Connect the LED display to the microcontroller circuit and place in front of the prototype This is the output section of the prototype 8 Prepare the program and burn it in the microcontroller This step is done simultaneously with the hardware part 9 Test all the sections of the design Do troubleshooting as needed upon seeing the results of the test 1 Block Diagram INPUT p SORT gt COUNT OUTPUT Figure 3 1 Block Diagram of the Design The design can be divided into input section sorting counting and the output part The input section is the part where the coins will be stored for sorting Included in this section are the input switches which are the start resume button stop button page button and the reset buttons for each coin denomination After the input the stored coins will now be sorted according to denominations in the sorting part of the design From the sorting section the coins will now be counted and compute for their equivalent value in t
47. sistor a circuit device made to have a specific value of resistance between its ends Young and Freedman 2000 Transformer a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled electrical conductors 2003 Transistor regulates current or voltage flow and acts as a switch or gate for electronic signals Tech Target The IT Media ROI Experts 2008 Voltage Regulator is an installable module that senses a computer s microprocessor voltage requirements and ensures that the correct voltage is maintained Tech Target The IT Media ROI Experts 2008 Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES How does the Philippine coin sorter and counter works The Philippine coin sorter works by sorting the coins by their diameter and counts the coins using a photo sensor The device uses a geared motor that drives the propeller which is connected to a rotating plate which feeds the coins to the sorting arm The sorting arm then sorts the coins by their diameter and drops them to the corresponding conveyor The count is then stored on a computer system for it to be totaled Lactaeaon et al 2006 The Philippine coin sorter is a simple but a not so reliable type of coin sorting machine Firstly it uses a geared motor that turns only in one direction This can be a cause of problem in case the coins get jammed in the rotating plate The device also uses a sorting arm which is quite long a
48. ted The limit was first set to 50 and showed no error in three trials The time to sort 50 coins of 25 centavos averaged 54 seconds Then the limit was set to 100 the first and last trial showed no error while the second trial showed that the machine count was only 99 which means that two coins passed the sensor at the same time The average time to sort 100 pieces of 25 centavo coins is 83 33 seconds Test conducted for 1 Peso coins The purpose of this test was to know if the holes in the rotating plate would exactly fit 1 peso coin and could actually sort it through its physical size To sort 100 pieces of 1 peso coin the limit was set to 50 for the first three trials then to 100 for last three trials as well After the sample coins were 22 placed the machine was turned on The rotating plate started when the start button was pressed The motor stopped when it reached the set limit P1 Limit 50 Limit 100 Machine Actual Machine Actual Trials Count Count Time Count Count Time trial 1 51 51 56 sec 100 100 87 sec trial 2 50 50 48 sec 100 100 84 sec trial 3 51 51 53 sec 100 100 77 sec Table 4 2 Testing for 1 Peso coins Table 4 2 presents the results of test conducted for 1 peso coins The limit was first set to 50 then 100 coins were placed for sorting The results showed that both trial 1 and trial 3 exceeded the limit of 50 but also showed that the machine and actual count tallied the same number This means that
49. that gets exactly one coin at a time Upon revolving the coins will be sorted if it fits the holes intended for each denomination Likewise it was observed that in less than a minute the machine could sort up to 50 coins of each single denomination With this ratio the machine performs in an acceptable rate knowing that it is only a prototype which sorts 35 and counts Philippine coin denominations With the machine performing satisfactorily it can be concluded that the group succeeded in its attempt to design a sorting and counting machine that can be used by sectors such as banks charities church among others The machine designed by the research team could be a significant contribution to the trade and industry Recommendation The research team recommends the following improvements 1 Replace the revolving plate with a stainless steel so that it can handle large quantity of coins and that smaller coins which jam in between the plates can be avoided 2 stronger motor should be used so that it can handle the weight of the plates and the coins 3 Each sorting arm can also be fitted with an individual coin slot so that it will compare every coin that passes through it In this way the design can be more accurate 4 The sorting arm can also be provided with something that can lessen the speed of the coins and ensure that they will pass through the sensors flat on the surface 5 Atrapping mechanism can also be installed to
50. thought that this is the best way to sort coins A coin slot will be used to distinguish the difference between a 5 peso coin and a 10 peso coin since they are similar in size A sensor will be used to count the sum total of the coins and display the value to a Liquid Crystal Display LCD panel Scope and Delimitations The features and capabilities of the design are the scope of the study 1 The design can sort and count Philippine coin denominations namely 25 centavo coin 1 peso coin 5 peso coin and 10 peso coin only 2 The rotating plate can only handle a certain weight for it to function properly that is approximately 30 40 coins at a time 3 The number of pieces and corresponding value will be displayed using a Liquified Crystal Display LCD 4 The grand total also updates whenever any of the reset buttons is pressed The sensor will count anything that passes through and count it 5 The design can also be fitted with a battery to save the data and retain its value but cannot run the motor with just a battery There are the delimitations which the design cannot perform 1 The machine cannot accept deformed coins and cannot recognize whether the coin is fake or genuine For example if a token was placed instead of a coin in the machine the system would still sort it as long as it is the same size as the coins 2 The display can only handle up to 4 digit numbers 3 5 centavo and 10 centavo coins can be sorted but n
51. tor a type of motor that is driven by direct current DC voung and Freedman 2000 Denomination a proper description of a currency amount usually for coins or banknotes Merriam Webster Dictionary Diode comprises a section of N type material bonded to a section of P type material with electrodes on each end Harris 1998 2008 Electrolytic Capacitor a type of capacitor that produces very high Capacitance Alexander and Sadiku 2004 Flowchart is a graphical representation of a process such as a manufacturing operation or computer operation indicating the various steps that are taken as the product moves along the production line or the problem moves through the computer Boilot Gleason and Horn 1979 Infrared refers to energy in the region of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum at wavelengths longer than those of visible light but shorter than those of radio waves Tech Target The IT Media ROI Experts 2008 LCD Liquid Crystal Display a low power flat panel display used in many laptop computers calculators and digital watches made up of a liquid crystal that is sandwiched between layers of glass or plastic and becomes opaque when electric current passes through it The contrast between the opaque and transparent areas forms visible characters castellano 2005 LED Light Emitting Diode is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electric current passes through it Harris 1998
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