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Express L128T S/T ISDN Router/Bridge

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1. 0 00 eee eee 3 15 PERT ge EEN ST AE A dt ad 3 15 ERR Mode Hi oe ee eer 3 15 REP Protocol asein a ta ZE ee 3 16 RIP Method cnt ti ei Saha ita 3 16 RIPA TITECHON Ax a A A a o ED e 3 16 RIP V2 Secret a E 3 16 PINA e O ae ante oneal eek Ge 3 16 NAT DHCP Mode 3 17 NAT DHCP Renewal Time e 3 17 NAT Web Server 3 17 IERT EE EE 3 17 DNS Domain Name 3 18 INS ASenver REENEN 3 18 DNS Servet EE 3 18 TP1UDPRelayis ora rios NAS ae bea ete e 3 18 UDP Relay Mode 0 0 c eee eee eee 3 18 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual xi Table of Contents UDP Relay UDP Relay Uer 3 19 UDP Relay List Relay Address 3 19 UDP Relay List UDP Port Type 0 3 19 UDP Relay List UDP Port 1 UDP Port 2 UDP Port 3 3 19 IR Proxy ARP ien wating asta aie Ne ENEE dank 3 19 Configuration IPX 0 6 0 cee eee eee 3 20 IPX Moden eisai ict A e e de be bs 3 20 TPXNEtWOrk sica il ZE wae 3 21 I PX Erame EE 3 21 IPX Seed Status 0 0 cc cece eee eee 3 22 PX RIP imei fs Sele pete A se oh tl te 3 22 IPX SAP TIME le 20 beet oat ees we decane be eda h 3 23 Configuration Bridge 3 23 Bridge Mode ivi ii a OS 3 24 Bridge WAN IP Bridge 3 24 WAN IP Bridge Network 0 0 00 e eee eee 3 24 WAN IP Bridge Netmask 3 24 WAN IP Bridge Triggered 3 24 WAN IP Bridge Proxy ARP 3 25 Bridge WAN IPX Bridge 0 00000000 3 25 WAN IPX Bridge Network 3 25 W
2. Express L128T Conf igurat ion i i System Info C Dial WAN Status IP C Test IPX Logs Br idge Left Pane Utilities Secur ity Connection List Lists available menus Management Terminal Mode lt gt Mode Describes current op erating mode IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle SS war System Time Navigation Help Loop Status B channel Status Displays current status of Displays current status of ISDN line each B channel Displays list of charac ters you can use to navi gate the terminal menus Displays the current time See Date Time on page 3 9 for details on setting the time Press Control Z voyelado nue jeulWUe e Je deuy Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Configuration The Configuration menu provides options to set up the operational configuration for the Express L128T S T See the section Configuration Menu on page 3 8 for detailed information Dial The Dial menu is used to connect to different sites based on the Con nection List See the section Dial Menu on page 3 64 for more details Status The Status menu provides options to review and monitor the status of the Express L128T S T system See the section Status Menu on page 3 66 for detailed information on the available options Test The Test menu can be used for performing diagnostic testing of the Ex press L128T S T See the section Test Menu on page 3 74 for detailed information on the tes
3. 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 7 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation CONFIGURATION MENU Configuration System Info The System Info menu provides basic information about the unit and displays data fields for editing information Figure 3 2 displays the submenus available under this menu item System Name System Location IP System Contact Adtran Customer Service 888 423 8726 IPX Firmware Revision D 43 Br idge System Upt ime 6 mins 10 secs Security Date Time Wednesday September 5 17 41 66 2666 Connection List Management Z help 17 41_ Figure 3 2 Configuration System Info Screen System Name Write security 3 Read security 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the name of the Express L128T S T This name can help distinguish between different instal lations You can enter up to 31 alpha numeric characters in this field including spaces and special characters such as an under bar The system name is also used for PPP authentication and IPX service name 3 8 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation System Location Write security 3 Read security 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the location of the Express L128T S T This helps to keep track of the physical location of the unit You can enter up to 31 alpha numeric characters in this field in cluding spaces and special characters such as an under bar Sy
4. 3 54 Bandwidth Min Channels 00000005 3 54 Bandwidth Max Channels 3 54 Bandwidth Samples 0000000 3 54 Samples Sample Rate 3 54 Samples Samples 3 54 Samples Time Between Changes 5 3 55 Connection List Filters 0 0 00 cece eee 3 55 Plters WAN Zo LAN Oni e eee eee 3 55 Filters In Exceptions 3 56 Filters LAN to WAN Out 2 000 002 eee ee 3 57 Filters Out Exceptions 3 57 Filters Demand Dal 3 57 Filters Dem Dial Exceptions 3 58 Configuration Management 00 0000 e eee 3 59 Management Telnet 0 0 e eee eee eee eee ee 3 59 Telnet Server ACCESS 10 00 cee eee es 3 59 Telnet EE List ton ten karen abe ume toes 3 60 User dist Name see tdt ees 3 60 User List Authen Method 3 60 User List Password 3 60 User List Idle me 3 60 Usertist Level eege A eae ees 3 60 Management SNMP 00 cece cece e eee eee 3 61 SNMP ACTOS ni A RR AOA 3 61 SNMP Communities 00000 c cece eee eee 3 61 Communities Name 00 000 cece eee ee eee 3 61 Communities Privilege ooooooocmooooo 3 61 Communities Manager IP oooooocoooocoooo 3 61 SNMP Lage onun ta int as pen 3 62 Traps Manager Name 3 62 Traps Manager IP 0 00 e eee eee 3 62 Management Maint Port 3 62 Maint Port Password Protect o oooooooooooo 3 62 Maint Port Password 3
5. User List Level Write security 0 Read security 1 This is the security level privilege that is assigned for this user See Security Levels on page 3 7 for an explanation of what those levels imply Level 0 is the default Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Management SNMP The Express L128T S T is an SNMP agent It can respond to Get Re quests and generate traps These two lists set up the manager com munities and levels See SNMP on page C 1 for more information on SNMP SNMP Access Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to No SNMP access is denied When set to On def the Ex press L128T S T will respond to SNMP managers based on the follow ing lists SNMP Communities This list is used to set up to eight SNMP communities names that the Express L128T S T will allow Factory default sets the community public with Get privileges Communities Name Write security 1 Read security 3 This is a text string for the community name Communities Privilege Write security 1 Read security 3 The access for this manager can be assigned three levels None No access is allowed for this community or manager Get Manager can only read items Get Set Manager can read and set items Communities Manager IP Write security 1 Read security 3 This is the IP address of SNMP manager If set to 0 0 0 0 any SNMP manager can access the Express L128T
6. 1200 2400 4800 9600 def 19200 38400 57600 Maint Port Data Bits Write security 5 Read security 5 This is the asynchronous bit rate that the maintenance port will run The possible values are 7 or 8 def bits Maint Port Parity Write security 5 Read security 5 This is the asynchronous parity that the maintenance port will run The possible values are None def Odd or Even Maint Port Stop Bits Write security 5 Read security 5 This is the stop bit used for the maintenance port The possible values are 1 def 1 5 or 2 Configuration Terminal Mode This is an activator which places the Express L128T S T terminal ses sion into a command prompt mode All menu options are accessible during this mode See Terminal Mode Commands on page E 1 for the command structure and command list Type exit to leave the terminal mode and return to the menus 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 63 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation DIAL MENU The Dial menu is used for dialing the Connection List profile setup un der Configuration Connection List and for checking the status of each Connection List This list is in the same order as the Connection List entries Figure 3 10 shows the Dial menu Express L128T Dia1 Configuration Num _ Description Dial Hang Up Status Channels 1 DEFAULT lt lt no call 8 Utilities MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Z help 10 53_ Figure 3 10 Dia
7. 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 11 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation WAN POTS Write security 2 Read security 5 POTS parameters are under this menu POTS POTS Assignment Write security 2 Read security 5 The Express L128T S T can assign the POTS interface either POTS1 to LDN 1 and POTS2 to LDN 2 def or POTS2 to LDN 1 and POTS1 to LDN 2 Once assigned all incoming and outgoing calls on a particular port are placed to from the assigned number POTS Speech Calltype Routing Write security 2 Read security 5 This allows the Express L128T S T to treat incoming calls as data over voice DOV when selected as LAN Otherwise when set to POTS def incoming speech calls are sent to the POTS when the des tination number is the same as the POTS assignment 3 12 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Configuration IP The IP menu is used to set up the IP parameters for the Express L128T S T Any general IP related configuration item is under this menu Figure 3 4 shows the IP menu Express Li28T Configuration IP System Info IP Address 190 0 0 1 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Cateway 0 0 0 0 Static Routes IP Router NAT Connection List DNS Management UDP Relay Proxy ARP Yes IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down Bi Idle B2 Idle Z he lp 17 41_ Figure 3 4 Configuration IP Screen IP IP Address Write security 2 Read security 5 T
8. 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 4 3 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTING TIPS The following sequence of troubleshooting steps is usually the best method of checking the connection If more in depth troubleshooting is required it may be necessary to contact ADTRAN Technical Sup port see inside back cover To troubleshoot it is usually best to verify layer 1 then layer 2 and then layer 3 1 4 4 Layer 1 WAN Operation Verify that the ISDN circuit is established by following the procedures listed previously in this chapter Look at the bottom bar on the menu screen to see if call is connected on B1 and or B2 Layer 1 LAN Operation Verify that the LINK LED is active on the hub if applicable and the L128T S T Layer 2 WAN Operation Verify that PPP and associated control protocols are established by looking in the Status Call Session menu for the following status A Check to see if the LCP Link Control Protocol is up If LCP cannot converge the other control protocols cannot be estab lished Check the PPP settings of the devices at both ends of the circuit Make sure that the authentication setup agrees at both ends If STAC compression is enabled check whether CCP Com pression Control Protocol is up If STAC is enabled and this compression attempt failed make sure that the called party supports STAC LZS compression If BACP Bandwidth Allocation Protocol is enabled check whether
9. Connection List telnet Configuration M anagement Telnet snmp Configuration M anagement SN MP maint Configuration Management M aint dial Configuration Dial status Configuration Status test Configuration Test logs Configuration Logs util Configuration Utilities Some examples are listed below E 2 Example Description telnet user 1 name sets user name for Telnet user guest list entry 1 to guest dial 3 dial dials the numbers for status ip 1 gateway connection list profile number 3 returns the gateway address for IP route table entry 1 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands ADDITIONAL COMMANDS Other commands available from the terminal mode are given below Command Description save Saves the configuration to non volatile RAM fla sh mac Returns the MAC address for the Express L128T S T version Returns the firmware version and routing stack version reset Resets the unit exit Leaves terminal mode and returns to menus download Downloads complete configuration to the terminal screen for capture DOWNLOAD UPLOADING CONFIGURATION The Express L128T S T s configuration can be captured to a text file using the download command The text file can be edited if required Upload of the configuration can be accomplished by sending the text file to the Express L128T S T in terminal mode A baud rate of 9600 is strongly recommended when upl
10. Disconnected The ISDN line is inactive and no parameter information has been ex changed with the switch 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual A 1 Appendix A Loop Status Messages Deactivated The ISDN line is inactive but parameter information has previously been exchanged with the switch Echo Tx X Rx Y The current transmit and receive count for the PPP echo request test Getting TEI 1 The Express L128T S T s ISDN layer 1 is up and is now getting the first TEI from the ISDN network Layer 1 up The Express L128T S T s ISDN layer 1 is up Link down The ISDN link is not synchronized Link In Sync The ISDN link is synchronized but layer 1 is not up LUCENT5ESS Ready The ISDN link layers 1 through 3 are up against a LUCENT 5E switch and ready for calls EURO ISDN Ready The ISDN link layers 1 through 3 are up against a EURO ISDN switch and ready for calls TDX1B Ready The ISDN link layers 1 through 3 are up against a TDX1B switch and ready for calls A 2 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix A Loop Status Messages TDX10 Ready The ISDN link layers 1 through 3 are up against a TDX10 switch and ready for calls NEC Ready The ISDN link layers 1 through 3 are up against an NEC switch and ready for calls RINGING An incoming call is ringing B1 AND B2 BEARER CHANNEL STATUS MESSAGES 64K Connected at 64K call type Audio Connected at audio call type Dialing
11. Editable Data beid 3 5 Read Only Del 3 5 Navigation with the Keyboard 3 5 Security Level r giii cyt card carr EE Eesen Eege 3 7 Configuration Menu 3 8 Configuration System Info 0000000000 3 8 System Name EEN Saree Gaeta od it 3 8 System Loggt ceva tata 3 9 System Contact 2 deck td td 3 9 Firmware Revision 3 9 System Uptime eiert nai ds e 3 9 Date TIMES A A 3 9 D Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Table of Contents Confteuraton WAN 3 10 WAN ZISDIN6 ss II Part eee ees 3 10 ISDN DIA EME ti cotta ee eet eee dls 3 10 Dial Line Switch Protocol 00 0 0000 ce eee ee 3 11 Dial Line Area Code 0 0 00 ccc eee ee 3 11 Dial Line Local Number lors 3 11 ISDN Leased Line 3 11 Leased Line Channel Rate o o oooooooomooo 3 11 WAN POUS ts Bets aba naked ho 3 12 POTS POTS Assignment 3 12 POTS Speech Calltype Routing ooooooooom o o 3 12 Configuration H eegener ase dnote bale ware 3 13 IPP Address E a SEI dedo ei e estos Ed be 3 13 IP Stibnet Mask 0000 dE EEN eed ee Mee Na A 3 13 IP Default Gateway 3 14 TR Static Routes di tees tie teed od ee Sa e 3 14 Static Routes Active 3 14 Static Routes IP Address 3 14 Static Routes Subnet Mask 3 14 Static Routes Gateway 6 c cece eee eee 3 14 Static Routes Hops 6 6 eee eee 3 15 Static Routes Private o oo oooooooooomommomoo 3 15 EE Rate AAN acid 3 15 IP Router Mode
12. the implied warranties of merchantability and fit ness for a particular purpose hi fn 5993 Avenida Encinas Carlsbad CA Min ADRAN 901 Explorer Boulevard P O B O Box Huntsville AL 35814 4000 256 963 8000 1999 ADTRAN Inc All Rights Reserved Printed in U S A FCC regulations require that the following information be pro vided in this manual 1 gi This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules On the bottom of the equipment housing is a label that shows the FCC registration number and Ringer Equiva lence Number REN for this equipment If requested provide this information to the telephone company If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network the telephone company may temporarily discontinue ser vice If possible advance notification is given otherwise notification is given as soon as possible The telephone company will advise the customer of the right to file a complaint with the FCC The telephone company may make changes in its facili ties equipment operations or procedures that could af fect the proper operation of this equipment advance notification and the opportunity to maintain uninterrupt ed service is given If experiencing difficulty with this equipment please con tact ADTRAN for repair and warranty information The telephone company may require this equipment to be dis connected from the network until the problem is correct ed or it is certain the equipm
13. 10 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Acronyms AEP usina AppleTalk Echo Protocol AM Alternate Mark Inversion ARP EE Address Resolution Protocol B Channel A 64 kbps digital information channel BCP oes section eed ves Bridge Control Protocol BONDING Bandwidth On Demand Interoperability Group BOOTP iieis Bootstrap Protocol BPD BEE Bridging Protocol Data Unit Pis Bits per second LEE Bytes per second BR ias Basic Rate Interface CA E Call Appearance COPs Compression Control Protocol COURT ees Consultative Committee for International Te E Telephony CD tado Carrier Detect CPE suo crac Customer Premises Equipment ERC ne aia Cyclic Redundancy Check CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision De tect DHCP irere Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DMS mt sia Digital Multiplex Switching DIE Data Terminal Equipment D IME Dual Tone Multi Frequenc ERTS cocaina Electronic Key Telephone Service ESS tica Electronic Switching System FAX CA Facsimile FERE eee Far End Block Errors tid LEE File Transfer Protocol ICMP inni Internet Control Message Protocol ID AA Identification 19 N LEE Internet Engineering Task Force MO iccicciiscotic nioss Input Output AAA Internet Protocol PEPA cosines Internet Protocol Control Protocol UE Internetwork Packet Exchange LE DE Integrated Injected Logic TEC ie Inter Exchange Carrier ISD Nic esi Integrated Services ee Netw
14. 3 46 ISDN connection 1 12 network connection 2 1 overview 1 1 setting up the line Quick Start 1 ISDN line selecting mode 3 10 ISDN dial line 3 10 ISDN leased line 3 11 ISP 1 13 L LAN bridge 1 5 LAN connection 2 1 LAN indicators 1 11 LAN port 3 27 LAN port active 3 27 LAN port path cost 3 27 LAN port priority 3 28 LAN stats 3 72 leased line 3 11 leased line channel rate 3 11 LEDs 1 11 log messages B 1 logs menu 3 3 3 75 logs call log 3 77 logs network log 3 78 logs PPP log 3 76 logs sys log host 3 76 loop status messages A 1 LUCENT 5ESS 3 11 Express L128T S T User Manual Index 4 M MAC addresses 1 5 MAC bridging 1 6 MAC filter defines 3 33 maint port baud rate 3 63 maint port data bits 3 63 maint port parity 3 63 maint port password 3 62 maint port password protect 3 62 maint port stop bits 3 63 maintenance port 3 62 management 3 59 management maint port 3 62 management SNMP 3 61 management Telnet 3 59 maximum age 3 26 menu commands E 1 menu structure 3 1 MIB 3 59 C 1 mode 1 8 multilink 3 48 multilink call 1 7 multilink BACP 3 49 multilink fragment 3 49 multilink mode 3 49 multiprotocol routing Quick Start 3 N NAT 1 3 1 4 1 6 3 16 3 17 NAT mode 1 10 NAT DHCP mode 3 17 NAT DHCP renewal time 3 17 NAT web server 3 17 NEC 3 11 network address translation NAT internet access using Quick Start 2 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Index network connection ISDN 2 1 ne
15. B 6 call log active 3 77 call log clear 3 77 Index 1 Index call log level 3 77 call log view 3 77 call log wrap 3 77 call sessions 3 66 call sessions sessionl and session2 3 67 call sessions spamning tree 3 68 call type 3 51 call waiting 2 3 caller ID 3 41 channel rate 3 11 CHAP 3 33 3 40 command line interface E 1 command prompt mode 3 63 commands E 3 communities C 3 communities manager IP 3 61 communities name 3 61 communities privilege 3 61 compression 3 49 concurrent routing and bridging 1 9 conferencing calls 2 3 configuration 1 14 downloading uploading EA configuration menu 3 3 3 8 configuration bridge 3 23 configuration connection list 3 36 configuration IP 3 13 configuration IPX 3 20 configuration management 3 59 configuration management menu 3 59 configuration security 3 30 configuration system info 3 8 configuration terminal mode 3 63 configuration WAN 3 10 connecting to the internet 1 13 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual connection ISDN 1 12 LAN 2 1 telephone 2 2 connection list 1 7 1 9 3 30 3 36 connection list profile deleting 3 38 inserting 3 36 connection list active 3 37 connection list authentication 3 38 connection list bandwidth 3 52 connection list bridge 3 47 connection list description 3 37 connection list dial out 3 51 connection list filters 3 55 connection list IP 3 41 connection list IPX 3 45 connec
16. BACP is up If this failed verify the called party sup ports BACP If Bridging is enabled in the connection list and on the Ether net check whether BCP Bridge Control Protocol is up If this failed verify that the called party supports bridging If IP Routing is enabled in the connection list and on the Ether net check whether IPCP Internet Control Protocol is up If this failed verify that the called party supports IP routing If IPX Routing is enabled in the connection list and on the Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Ethernet check whether IPXCP Internet Control Protocol is up If this failed verify that the called party supports IPX routing 4 Layer2LAN Operation After an attempt to pass traffic from the host machines on the LAN verify that ARP exists on the router and on the host computer 5 Layer 2 General Bridging Troubleshooting Tips skip if not bridg ing A B Check to see that Bridging is enabled on both the LAN and the WAN connection list of the L128T S T Make sure that the IP and or IPX network numbers are the same as the network numbers on the peer bridge For in stance if the far end has an IP address of 172 16 1 100 with a 255 255 255 0 mask the Ethernet address of the near end rout er should be unique and on the 172 16 1 x network e g 172 16 1 101 With IPX the same scenario applies If the far end has an IPX address of 1111 1111 the n
17. Defense to link dis similar computers across many kinds of networks twisted pair 2B D 23B D Two wires twisted around each other to reduce induction in terference from one wire to the other Several sets of twisted pair wires may be enclosed in a are cable Twisted pair is the normal cabling from a central office to your home or of fice or from your PBX to your office phone Twisted pair wir ing comes in various thicknesses As a general rule the thicker the cable is the better the quality of the conversation and the longer cable can be and still get acceptable conversa tion quality However the thicker it is the more it costs The Basic Rate Interface BRI in ISDN A single ISDN circuit divided into two 64 kbps digital channels for voice or data and one 16 kbps channel for low speed data up to 9 600 baud and signalling 2B D is carried on one or two pairs of wires depending on the interface the same wire pairs that today bring a single voice circuit into your home or office See ISDN In ISDN also known as the Primary Rate Interface A circuit with a wide range of frequencies that is divided in twenty three 64 kbps paths for carrying voice data video or other in formation simultaneously It bears a remarkable SaaS today s T1 link except that T1 carries 24 voice channels In ISDN 23B D gives twenty three channels and one D channel for out of band signalling However in T1 signalling is handled in band See ISD
18. Figure 3 8 Configuration Connection List Screen 3 37 Figure 3 9 Configuration Management Screen 3 59 Figure 3 10 Dial Screen 3 64 Figure 3 11 Status Screen 0 6 6 eee eee 3 66 Figure 3 12 Testi le yee weed 3 74 Figure 3 13 Logs Screen eisin mied cece ees 3 75 Figure 3 14 Utilities Screen 3 79 61202070L3 20 Express 128T S T User Manual xix List of Figures XX Express 128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 List of Tables Table 2 1 Table 4 1 Table D 1 Table D 2 Table D 3 Table D 4 Using the Plaebh Hook nnn nnanua snanar 2 3 Troubleshooting Calls 008 4 7 IBM AT Style ElA 232 Interface o o o D 1 RIP45 ISDN eee A tae Sa ore D 1 RITIPOTS cnica fered babe Age i D 2 10BaseT Ethernet 0 00 0 ee ee D 2 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual List of Tables xxii Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Quick Startup Guide SETTING UP THE ISDN LINE Before configuring the Express L128T S T ensure that the telephone service has provided the switch type and local directory number Example Switch Type Euro ISDN Local N umberl 5551212 Local Number 2 5551213 1 Connect a VT 100 async terminal or personal computer with a terminal emulator running 9600 N 8 1 to the MAINTENANCE port 2 Hold down the Control key and press R then press Enter to dis play the top menu 3 Using the arrow keys and Enter key to navigate the
19. L128T S T has a 10BaseT connector that provides half duplex 10 Mbps operation over a 4 wire twisted pair Place the switch inthe TO HUB position when connecting to a 10BaseT concentrator or Hub Place the switch in the TO NIC position when connecting direct ly to a computer s 10BaseT network interface card Other types of Ethernet interfaces i e AUI 10Base2 etc can be ac commodated by obtaining an appropriate converter 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 2 1 Chapter 2 Installation TELEPHONE CONNECTION Basic Telephone Service The Express L128T S T supports an analog DTMF telephone type AT amp T 2500 with the POTS interface Two telephones or other analog devices like a fax machine or modem plug into either RJ 11 jack la beled with drawings of telephones on the rear of the unit Progress tones can be generated in A LAW or u LAW format Supplementary Services Supplementary services such as call holding three or six way confer encing call transfer and call waiting are fully supported by the Ex press L128T S T on a touch tone telephone Table 2 1 on page 2 3 explains how the flash hook is used for handling multi call situations NOTE Supplementary services are not supported for all countries DTMF Keypad The following functions are performed on a touch tone phone Disable call waiting Press O Enable call waiting Press 1 Redial last number Press 5 Enter Phone N umber 1 Press BXXXXXXX
20. RJ 45 for ISDN Basic Rate S T Interface or RJ 45 for leased S T service Ethernet Interface LAN Ethernet TEEE 802 3 10BaseT Switch Compatibility e LUCENT 5ESS e TDX10 e TDX1B e NEC e EURO ISDN Dual POTS Interface e Maximum REN 3 e Caller ID e Ringing Signal Amplitude 185 Vp p 5V e Ringing Signal Frequency 20 Hz 3 Hz e Supports 3 phones 18 mA loop current each at 1 000 ft 24 AWG 5 mm e Supports 2 phones 26 mA loop current each at 1 000 ft 24 AWG 5 mm 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 5 1 Chapter 5 Specifications 5 2 Supports 1 phone 49 mA loop current each at 1 000 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 4 phones 14 mA loop current each at 600 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 3 phones 18 mA loop current each at 600 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 2 phones 27 mA loop current each at 600 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 5 phones 12 mA loop current each at 300 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 4 phones 15 mA loop current each at 300 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 3 phones 19 mA loop current each at 300 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 2 phones 28 mA loop current each at 300 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 1 phone 53 mA loop current each at 300 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 5 phones 12 mA loop current each at 100 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 4 phones 15 mA loop current each at 100 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 3 phones 20 mA loop current each at 100 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 5 phones 13
21. Spanning Tree WAN Port 1 WAN port 1 is considered to be the second B channel PPP BCP con nection made This port is only used when the first B channel WAN Port 0 is going to an entirely different bridge 3 28 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation WAN Port 1 Active Write security 2 Read security 5 This setup is exactly like WAN Port 0 above WAN Port 1 Path Cost Write security 2 Read security 5 This setup is exactly like WAN Port 0 above WAN Port 1 Priority Write security 2 Read security 5 This setup is exactly like WAN Port 0 above Bridge Address Table The Express L128T S T automatically maintains a table of MAC ad dresses detected and associates those addresses with the LAN WANO or WAN1 port from which they were received This menu permits the user to adjust the parameters or rules for the table as ad dresses are learned Address Table Aging Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the maximum time an idle MAC address remains in the table before being removed The value is in minutes and can range from 0 which means never age to 65535 The default is 5 Address Table Forward Policy Write security 3 Read security 5 When this parameter is set to Unknown def any bridge packet with a destination MAC address that is not in the bridge table is forwarded to all other ports When set to Known the packet with the unknown destination MAC address is droppe
22. When the Express L128T S T powers up it performs an internal self test This takes about 10 seconds At the end of the test the PWR LED should flash IF SELF TEST FAILS If the PWR LED is not on or does not flash after power up the follow ing steps will verify whether or not the problem can be fixed locally Ensure the Express L128T S T is receiving power 2 Power off the Express L128T S T Place switch 2 in the off posi tion then power back up This will reset all internal settings to their factory default 3 If the Express L128T S T still does not pass self test call ADTRAN Technical Support for assistance See the inside back cover of this manual for information on contacting ADTRAN IF THE EXPRESS L128T S T DOES NOT READ READY For switch types other than Lucent 5ESS the central office NOTE switch may deactivate the line if no calls are active Placing or receiving a call will activate the line causing the PWR LED to turn on solidly When the Express L128T S T has been set up and connected to a line but the PWR LED does not remain on after a few minutes proceed with the following steps 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 4 1 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Cycle power on the Express L128T S T leaving it off for a minimum of two seconds then turn the power on for one minute to ensure the PWR LED still does not stay on Disconnect the Express L128T S T From a functioning voice phone call the local
23. correct the interference by one or more of the following measures 1 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna 2 Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver 3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected 4 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help 444 Change or modifications to this unit not expressly ap W ARNING proved by ADTRAN will void the user s authority to operate the equipment and may violate FCC regula tions in which case ADTRAN is not liable iv ADTRAN YEAR 2000 Y2K READINESS DISCLOSURE ADTRAN has established a Year 2000 program to ensure that our products and operations will correctly function in the new millen nium ADTRAN warrants that all products meet Year 2000 specifica tions regardless of model or revision Information about ADTRAN s Year 2000 compliance program is available at the following Web Site www adtran com Product Matrix www adtran com Y2Kfax html Faxback Document Line 256 963 8200 Y2K plans and product certifications are listed in the matrix Y2K Project Line 256 963 2200 E mail year 2000 adtran com CANADIAN EMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference causing equipment standard entitled Digital Apparatus ICES 003 of the Department of Communications Cet
24. curity level associated with it A Telnet session is assigned a privilege level which determines which menu items are accessible to the Telnet client See Security Levels on page 3 7 in Chapter 3 for more informa tion on menu security levels Filters can be defined to prevent certain addresses or protocols from being transferred from LAN to WAN WAN to LAN or WAN to WAN This feature identifies the calling party number for incoming calls This feature may not be functional for all countries or if NOTE calling party information is not supplied by the central office switch 1 14 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter2 Installation SHIPPING DAMAGE After unpacking the unit immediately inspect it for possible shipping damage If damage is discovered file a claim immediately with the shipping carrier then contact the ADTRAN Repair and Return de partment ISDN NETWORK CONNECTION The Express L128T S T supports either dial or leased operation A single RJ 45 modular jack labeled ISDN on the rear panel provides connection to either network service Dial operation allows the user to dial out or receive calls over the pub lic network The leased operation mode supports dedicated data ser vice at rates up to 128 kbps by using a nailed up circuit or a permanent connection between endpoints See Connector Pinouts on page D 1 for ISDN network connector pin as signments LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONNECTION The Express
25. left to save the configuration Go into the Dial menu Set the cursor over the Dial parameter for the Connection List profile you just set up Press Enter the Express L128T S T will start dialing If the call is successful the Status column will read active If not make sure the number s are correct or reference Troubleshooting on page 4 1 before going on to the next step Once the call is up the PC must generate a DHCP request to obtain the IP parameters needed to get on the Internet Refer to your PC s user manual or help screen MULTIPROTOCOL ROUTING BETWEEN TWO LANS Remote Home Office Accessing the Corporate LAN The following steps can be used to set up the Express L128T S T ona remote LAN to access a corporate or central LAN using demand dial and dynamic bandwidth management 1 Connect the 10BaseT cable from the hub to the Express L128T S T Select TO HUB on the Express L128T S T back panel The LI indicator should be illuminated Set the IP address and Subnet Mask assigned by the network administrator in the Configuration IP menu For the Default Gateway enter the IP address of the access server at the remote site This creates a default route in the IP routing table that will be used with the dial on demand feature in the Express L128T S T Arrow left and save the changes 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Quick Start 3 Quick Startup Guide 10 11 12 13 14 15 Use the arrow keys
26. link Call Log Active When set to Yes def call events below or equal to the log level are logged into the log Call Log Wrap When set to Yes def new Call events will overwrite old Call events when the log is full All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No Call Log Level In order to log events they must be at or below this level Range is 0 to 6 The default is 3 Call Log View This menu displays the log list The fields are as follows Date Time Date and time event occurred Level Level associated with this event 0 6 Message Text message for this event If message is too long to fiton the line another event appears below it continuing the message Call Log Clear This clears the log when activated 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 77 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Logs Network Log Information pertaining to the routing protocols is placed in this log Network Log Active When set to Yes def call events below or equal to the log level are logged into the log Network Log Wrap When set to Yes def new Network events will overwrite old Net work events when the log is full All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No Network Log Level In order to log events they must be at or below this level Range is 0 to 6 The default is 3 Network Log View This menu displays the log list The fields are as follows Date Time Date and time eve
27. menu go to the Configuration WAN ISDN Dial Line menu Enter the local numbers and switch type 4 Use the left arrow key or the Escape key to go back up the menu tree When asked to save ISDN parameters type y 5 Connect the ISDN line to the RJ 45 jack labeled ISDN on the rear panel 6 When the PWR LED remains solid the Express L128T S T is ready for calling see note below 7 If using POTS phones with the Express L128T S T connect the POTS telephones to the POTS ports For EurolSDN during periods of inactivity the central office switch may NOTE deactivate the ISDN interface causing the PWR LED to flash Normal usage will be restored when an incoming call is received or an outgoing call is placed 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Quick Start 1 Quick Startup Guide CONNECTING TO AN INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER Internet Access using Network Address Translation NAT 1 Connect the 10BaseT cable from the PC s network card to the Express L128T S T Select TO NIC on the Express L128T S T back panel 2 Goto the Configuration Connection List menu and then press the right arrow key to place the cursor on the Num column 3 Type I to insert a new Connection List entry 4 Using the arrow keys move the cursor over the Num column for the inserted entry Press Enter to place the subentries into the right pane 5 Set the Description to an identifiable name i e ISP 6 Go into the Authentication field and select
28. obtain the server and route information needed by the computer to boot up Advanced users can use the Express L128T S T s Probe feature to periodically dial the access server to obtain the route and server information thereby removing the need to manually dial the first time Quick Start 6 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T ISDN OVERVIEW The Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN is a public or private switched digital network ISDN is an international standard for digi tal communications allowing a full range of enhanced services sup porting voice data and image applications through standard interfaces over a single telephone wire ISDN provides a means of in tegrating these services and modernizing communication networks for information movement and management efficiency THE EXPRESS L128T S T The Express L128T S T is a standalone device that links two Local Area Networks LANs using a high speed ISDN public network or leased two wire line The Express L128T S T has two plain old tele phone service POTS connectors used for voice modem applications See Figure 1 1 on page 1 2 for an illustration of the Express L128T S T The 10BaseT connector operates at 10 megabits per second half duplex and accepts standard Ethernet packets encapsulated using IEEE 802 3 or Ethernet II DIX Because the 10BaseT is a four wire interface a crossover switch permits the user
29. provider to deliver another line to your location This would eliminate the need to modify existing wiring Figures 2 1 on page 2 4 and 2 2 on page 2 5 illustrate two wiring scheme possibil ities 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 2 3 Chapter 2 Installation Current Wiring Scheme To Telephone Company New Wiring Scheme Personal Express L128T S T Computer 40 Base T_Phone S T To Telephone Company Figure 2 1 Wiring Scheme 1 Use existing analog telephone equipment but replace single analog telephone service with ISDN service NOTE The S T interface requires a 4 wire connection 2 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 2 Installation Current Wiring Scheme To Telephone Company New Wiring Scheme Express L128T S T 10 Base T_ Phone Personal Computer Yellow Red S T Green Black To Telephone Company WARNING Ensure other yellow and black wire functions are removed before using this wiring scheme Figure 2 2 Wiring Scheme 2 Retain single analog telephone service and add ISDN service 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 2 5 Chapter 2 Installation 2 6 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter3 Terminal Menu Operation TERMINAL MENU STRUCTURE The Express L128T S T uses
30. security 2 Read security 5 The demand dial filters have two purposes 1 cause the Express L128T S T in Bridge mode to dial this Connection List profile and 2 determine which traffic will cause the idle timer to be reset keeping the connection active The latter is used in Bridge or IP IPX Router mode The idle timer is a timer in the Express L128T S T which con tinually increments until it reaches the idle time out parameters value set in the Connection List at which point the connection is hung up When this filter is enabled direct control can be placed over which packets are considered as demand and which are ignored Packets that are ignored cause a connection not to be dialed and do not reset the idle timer of an active connection This is especially helpful for bridged connections since bridges cannot easily distinguish true de 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 57 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation mand traffic from overhead traffic like certain broadcast and multicast packets There are three possible selections for this parameter Disabled def Ignore All Demand All Turns off demand dial filtering No packets cause demand dialing for this profile and all outgoing and incoming packets reset the idle timer W hen connected in any mode Bridge IP Router or IPX router the idle timer is reset only when there is a match in the Filters Dem Dial Exceptions list W hen not connected in Bridge mode
31. some legacy equipment might have trouble handling fragmented packets in which case this option should be set to No Multilink BACP Write security 3 Read security 5 The Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol BACP and Band width Allocation Protocol BAP are used to enhance Multilink PPP Together they allow phone numbers to be exchanged when more bandwidth is needed and member links to be dropped when bandwidth is to be decreased When this item is set to On BACP is negotiated with the PPP peer When Off the Express L128T S T will not run BACP BAP but dynamic bandwidth can still be operated Certain rules for bandwidth on demand apply depending on whether BACP is negotiated If BACP is not negotiated the orig inator of the call will perform the dynamic bandwidth adjust ments on its own If BACP is negotiated the decisions are made on either side but the call is always from the originator PPP Compression Write security 3 Read security 5 The Express L128T S T uses LZS technology from hi fn formerly known as STAC for data compression The Ascend Communications 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 49 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation version of this compression is also supported The Express L128T S T will automatically select the type of compression Compression is ne gotiated when this item is set to STAC def No compression will be attempted when set to None PPP VJ Compression Write securi
32. static routes gateway 3 14 static routes hops 3 15 static routes IP address 3 14 static routes private 3 15 static routes subnet mask 3 14 status menu 3 3 3 66 Status ARP cache 3 68 status bridge table 3 69 status call sessions 3 66 status IP routes 3 69 status IP stats 3 73 status IPX routes 3 70 status IPX servers 3 71 status LAN stats 3 72 status WAN stats 3 72 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Index stop bits 3 63 subnet mask 3 13 supplementary services 2 2 switch compatibility 5 1 switch position D 2 switch protocol 3 11 system contact 3 9 system info menu 3 8 system location 3 9 system mame 3 8 system uptime 3 9 T telephone connection 2 2 Telnet 1 14 3 59 client 3 80 Telnet server access 3 59 Telnet user list 3 60 terminal menu navigating 3 4 structure 3 1 top level 3 2 terminal mode 3 63 terminal mode commands E 1 test indicators 1 11 test menu 3 3 3 74 test menu dial self 3 74 test menu echo request 3 74 TFTP 3 80 TFTP host 3 80 transfer methods 3 80 Trap C 2 traps C 3 traps manager IP 3 62 traps manager name 3 62 troubleshooting 4 1 calls 4 7 if self test fails 4 1 if the Express L128T S T does not read ready 4 1 if unable to connect calls 4 7 Index 7 Index Tx and Rx 3 16 Tx methods 3 40 Tx only 3 16 type 20 packets 3 46 U UDP port type 3 19 UDP relay 3 18 UDP relay list 3 19 UDP relay list relay address 3 19 UDP relay list UDP port type 3 19 UDP relay list U
33. to connect to either a hub concentra tor or network interface card without the need for special cabling The maintenance port can connect to any asynchronous terminal emulat ing a VT 100 terminal for configuration 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 1 1 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T ei e SSSA D mm ESSE N N s K Figure 1 1 Express L128T S T Applications Single User to Corporate LAN e Telecommuter Home Office Access to the corporate LAN e Single device access e User Datagram Protocol UDP broadcasts are relayed to corporate LAN e Client device can obtain the Internet Protocol IP address dynamically using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP e Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices y Us Router Figure 1 2 Single User to Corporate LAN 1 2 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T Single User IP to Internet Service Provider ISP using Network Address Translation NAT Provides high speed home access to the Internet NAT provides translation from user assigned IP addresses to an ISP assigned IP address The PC s IP address can be dynamically assigned by the Express L128T S T by using DHCP Overcomes the serial port speed limitations of current terminal adapter solutions Multilink Point to Point Protocol P
34. to get to the Configuration IPX menu Set the Network value to the IPX network supplied by the network administrator Set the Seed Status to Seed if a Novell server is not present on the LAN otherwise select Non seed or Autoseed Arrow left and save the changes with a y when prompted Move to the Configuration Connection List Use the arrow keys to move the cursor over the Num column Type I to insert a new entry Move the cursor over the Description field and press Enter A pop up window appears in which to enter a name for this Con nection List profile Move the cursor over the Authentication menu and press Return This will place the authentication parameters into the right pane Enter the username and password under Tx Username and Tx Password These items should be provided by the administrator at the site being dialed See Authentication Rx Username on page 3 40 and Authentication Rx Password on page 3 41 if expecting to receive calls Use the down arrow to display the IP menu parameters in the right pane Move the cursor over the Route menu and press Return Enter the IP address and Netmask parameters of the access server at the remote site This creates a static route to the access server o network which is entered into the Express L128T S T s IP route table Move the cursor over the RIP menu Check with the network administrator for the type of routing protocol used The Express L128T S T supports RIP versions 1 and 2
35. to the RADIUS server without a response before giving up If the number of attempts to communicate with the primary serv eris equal to the retry count the secondary server if defined is tried If the secondary server does not respond within the retry count the PPP peer or Telnet session is not authenticated and is dropped The default is 5 Security PPP Write security 1 Read security 2 The PPP peer can be authenticated using three standard methods PAP Password Authentication Protocol CHAP Challenge Hand shake Protocol and EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol The strength of the authentication is determined in the order EAP CHAP followed by PAP where EAP is the strongest and PAP is the weakest PAP is a clear text protocol which means it is sent over the PPP link in a readable format Care must be taken not to allow highly sensitive passwords to become compromised using this method CHAP and EAP use a one way hashing algorithm which makes it virtually im possible to determine the password EAP has other capabilities which allow more flexibility than CHAP 3 32 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation The following selections are possible PAP CHAP The Express L128T S T will ask for EAP during the first or EAP def PPP LCP negotiation and allow the PPP peer to negotiate down to CHAP or PAP CHAP or EAP The Express L128T S T will ask for EAP during the first PPP LCP ne
36. 1202070L3 20 Numerics 10 base T interface D 2 64K 3 51 A address table 3 29 address table aging 3 29 address table forward policy 3 29 agent C 1 C 2 applications multiple users to ISP using NAT 1 4 single user to corporate LAN 1 2 single user to ISP using NAT 1 3 SOHO to corporate LAN 1 5 area code 3 11 ARP cache 3 68 audio 3 51 authentication 3 30 3 38 with Express L128T S T as authenticatee 3 39 with Express L128T S T as authenticator 3 38 authentication call ID 1 3 41 authentication call ID 2 3 41 authentication caller ID 3 41 authentication Rx password 3 41 authentication Rx username 3 40 authentication Tx method 3 40 authentication Tx password 3 40 authentication Tx username 3 40 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Index B B1 and B2 bearer channel status messages A 3 BACP 3 49 bandwidth 3 52 bandwidth on demand 1 7 bandwidth idle timeout 3 53 bandwidth lower threshold 3 54 bandwidth max channels 3 54 bandwidth min channels 3 54 bandwidth mode 3 53 bandwidth on demand 3 52 bandwidth preempt time 3 53 bandwidth samples 3 54 bandwidth upper threshold 3 53 BAP 1 13 3 49 basic telephone service 2 2 baud rate 3 63 bridge 3 47 bridge menu 1 10 3 23 bridge table 3 69 bridge address table 3 29 bridge mode 3 24 3 47 bridge spanning tree 3 26 bridge WAN IP bridge 3 24 bridge WAN IPX bridge 3 25 bridging 1 7 concurrent routing and bridging 1 9 demand 1 6 C call log 3 77 call log messages
37. 1202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual xvii Table of Contents Appendix A Loop Status Messages ooooooooommmo ooo A 1 Appendix B Log Messages oooooooommmmmmmmmP2oromooross B Appendix C SNMP ccc ccc ccc eee cece eee eeeeeee C 1 Appendix D Connector Pinouts oooooooommmom o oo D 1 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands E 1 Glossary Glossary 1 ACKONYIMS mica sous is d Neel de e Acronyms 1 Ludes A Ne eee Index 1 xviii Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 List of Figures Figure 1 1 Express L128T S T 0 6 eee eee 1 2 Figure 1 2 Single User to Corporate LAN 1 2 Figure 1 3 Single User to Internet Service Provider 1 3 Figure 1 4 Multiple User to Internet Service Provider 1 4 Figure 1 5 SOHO to Corporate LAN 1 5 Figure 1 6 Express L128T S T LEDS ooooooomoo o 1 11 Figure 1 7 Express L128T S T Rear Panel 1 12 Figure 2 1 Wiring Scheme 1 2 4 Figure 2 2 Wiring Scheme 2 0000 cee eee eee ee 2 5 Figure 3 1 Top Level Terminal Menu 3 2 Figure 3 2 Configuration System Info Screen 3 8 Figure 3 3 Configuration WAN Screen 04 3 10 Figure 3 4 Configuration IP Screen suasussusa 3 13 Figure 3 5 Configuration IPX Screen suasassas 3 20 Figure 3 6 Configuration Bridge Screen 3 23 Figure 3 7 Configuration Security Screen 3 30
38. 20 Packets Write security 3 Read security 5 In order for certain protocol implementations like NetBIOS to func tion in the NetWare environment routes must allow a broadcast pack et to be propagated throughout the IPX networks The Type 20 IPX packet is used specifically for this purpose This causes special han dling of this packet by the Express L128T S T When a router receives 3 46 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation this type of packet it rebroadcasts it across all interfaces except the one it is received on and includes the network number of that interface in the data portion of the packet The IPX Router Specification from No vell notes that Type 20 packets should not be propagated across slow er links with bandwidths of less than 1Mbps like ISDN However when set to Pass def the Express L128T S T will allow these packets to propagate over the WAN connection This facilitates dial on de mand applications When set to Block all Type 20 packets are not propagated across the WAN connection Connection List Bridge The Bridge menu contains the parameters needed for exchanging bridged packets with the PPP peer Bridge Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to On def the Express L128T S T attempts to negotiate PPP BCP with the PPP peer Bridging can be used even in route mode only if the PPP peer cannot support certain PPP protocols for that par ticular rou
39. 3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation RIP Triggered Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table has changed and learned routes are not aged When set to No def updates are sent periodically RIP Retain Write security 3 Read security 5 When this Connection List entry is disconnected and this param eter is set to Yes all routes learned from this WAN connection are retained and their routing interface is set to idle This per mits dial on demand to occur using this profile for any IP net work that might have been advertised by the particular PPP peer The idle routes can be flushed or zombied from the rout ing table if a manual hangup is performed when this WAN con nection is not active See Dial Hang Up on page 3 65 When this Connection List entry is disconnected and this parameter is set to No def routes learned from this session are zombied and are not retained Connection List IPX The IPX menu contains the parameters for exchanging IPX data with the PPP peer IPX Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 Setting to On def will permit this connection profile to negotiate PPP IPXCP with the PPP peer for exchanging of IPX packets IPX Remote Network Write security 3 Read security 5 A non zero value in this remote network number will allow the Ex press L128T S T to add a route to the PPP peer s network to the rout ing tab
40. 3 77 xvi Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Table of Contents Call EOS View E i es A BAN e 3 77 Call Log Clear 00d ENN EEN Ad ht oaia de 3 77 Logs Network Logar retina E E A E EA EEE ER E eee 3 78 Network Los Active 3 78 Network Los wWreap eens 3 78 Network Log Level oooooooccoococccccccccccc o 3 78 Network Log View ooooocooccccccccccccccca ia 3 78 Network Log Clear sp roii bironi es oiia E iE a 3 78 Utilities Men tt A ai 3 79 Utilities Ping vc A ES 3 79 Utilities Telnet Client 3 80 Utilities Upgrade Menu 3 80 Upgrade Transfer Method 3 80 Upgrade TFTP Hoer 3 80 Upgrade Filename 3 80 Upetade Status cover dra pla e Soa Ee 3 81 Upgrade Start Transfer 0 cece eee eee 3 81 Upgrade Abort Transfer 3 81 Upgrade TETP Server NEE uena e etai ceda 3 81 Utilities Exit ai it E T E AE 3 81 Chapter 4 Troublesbootpng 4 1 lfself test fals ii a a A D Wass BON 4 1 If the Express L128T S T does not read Ready 4 1 General Troubleshooting Time 4 4 If you are unable to connect calls nnana uananananasa ea 4 7 Chapter 5 Specifications 0 0c cece cece ee eens 5 1 Specifications and Features 51 Network Interface 5 1 Ethernet Interface LAN 5 1 Switch Compatibility 5 1 Dual POTS Interface 5 1 Display Se ate Sa Sas Bs 5 3 Environmental ra ote Rated ane bale tees 5 3 Physical 2 a Settee 5 3 Power det eb EA TA a A Ae 5 3 6
41. 4 Read security 5 The Telnet menu can be used to activate the telnet client function in the Express L128T S T Host IP address or domain name if DN S is configured of Telnet server Activate Starts Telnet client function The key combination Control cancels the session Utilities Upgrade Menu Write security 2 Read security 3 The Express L128T S T s firmware can be upgraded using this menu Upgrade Transfer Method The two methods for upgrading are TFTP and XMODEM TFTP re quires a TFTP server running somewhere on the network The Ex press L128T S T starts a TFTP client function which gets the upgrade code from the TFTP server Selecting XMODEM will load the upgrade code through the maintenance port using any PC terminal emulator with xmodem capability It is recommended to set the baud rate to 57 6 kbps on the maintenance port to expedite the upgrade process Upgrade TFTP Host This is required when the transfer method is TFTP It is the IP address or domain name if DNS is configured of the TFTP server Upgrade Filename This is required when the transfer method is TFTP It is the case sen sitive file name which is the upgrade code 3 80 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Upgrade Status This appears when TFTP is used It displays the status of the transfer as it happens Any error or success message will be displayed here Upgrade Start Transfer This act
42. 62 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual XV Table of Contents Maint Port Baud Rate 3 63 Maint Port Data Bits o oooooooooooo oo 3 63 Maint Port Parity 3 63 Maint Port Stop Bits oooooocccccocccccnno o 3 63 Configuration Terminal Mode 3 63 Dial TE EE 3 64 Dial Description 3 64 Dal KREEG 3 64 Dial Hang Un ra Lia a Bian Rok he H 3 65 Dial Stats evs u A A eae eh ee A 3 65 Dial Channels naa a a de 3 65 Dial NunmberTl si a 3 65 Dial Number e A cando iOS oh e des 3 66 Status Mem A A Ee 3 66 Status Call SESSIONS coi ida tt 3 66 Call Sessions Session1 and Call Sessions Session2 3 67 Call Sessions Spanning Tree 3 68 Status ARP Cache A de 3 68 Status Bridge Table 3 69 Status IP Routes soto eis ee a de ci 3 69 Status IPX Routes 24 t 3 70 Status IPX Servers AEN 3 71 Status WAN Stalin naar ie betes wha 3 72 Status EAN Stats tt o A di 3 72 Status AIP Stats sin td A ebe e EM 3 73 TES EMELEC 3 74 Test Menu Echo Request 3 74 Test Menu Dial Self 3 74 TOSS MOT stig SSA A 3 75 Logs Sys log Host 0 co 3 76 OSS P PPL OG cuota rales mete ea 3 76 PRP Hog Actives ifs sd ai rat fad a le 3 76 PPP GOS Wrap et ihe ee tee e ks SR A ies 3 76 PEP Log Level iin neta aa e As 3 76 PRP LOS MIER e 3 76 PRP Log Cleat wir ia ti a rt 3 76 LOSS Calli LOS ta e EASE A a 3 77 Call Log Active iia ea A es Ge a 3 77 Call Log Wrap sip aora e awed 3 77 Galerie eege ZA
43. 64 bytes Rx Collisions Clear Counts total collision occurred during reception W hen activated clears all LAN Stat counts Status IP Stats Read security 5 This menu contains IP statistics that can be useful when diagnosing problems All are taken from the SNMP MIB 2 variables TCP failed attempts TCP passive connections TCP current connections TCP segments sent TCP segments received Total TCP resets Active TCP connections Total TCP retransmits UDP datagrams sent No application at dest port UDP datagrams received UDP bad packets ICMP redirected messages ICMP packet errors ICMP timeouts received ICMP messages sent ICMP messages received ICMP specif if errors 61202070L3 20 IP datagrams reassembled IP datagrams sent IP datagrams received Total forwarded datagrams IP reassembly timeout Discarded routing entries Total IP fragments Failed fragments IP reassembly failures Disassembled fragments Errorfree discards Routeless discards Default TTL Bad IP addresses Successful fragments Bad header packets Sent datagrams to upper layers Datagrams discarded Bad protocol discards Clear Counts clears all IP stats Express L128T S T User Manual 3 73 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation TEST MENU The Express L128T S T s Test menu contains built in tests that can be used to diagnose problems Figure 3 12 shows the Test menu screen Express Li28T Test Configuration Echo Request lt gt
44. AN e Bridges all non routed traffic e g AppleTalk NetBEUI etc e Provides dedicated or on demand services e Low cost alternative to buying a high end router e Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices Router Server Figure 1 5 SOHO to Corporate LAN Basic Functions The Express L128T S T provides the following basic functions 1 LAN Bridge Bridging provides a point to point connection between two LANs The bridge learning function scans the source and destination media access control MAC addresses of all packets on its local LAN and determines which packets should be transmitted over the ISDN link Applications include connectivity between single user or small offices to corporate LANs The Express L128T S T uses the Spanning Tree Algorithm IEEE 802 1d ISO IEC10038 which provides a loop free topology and redundancy 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 1 5 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T 2 IP Router The Express L128T S T can function as an IP router using the Routing Information Protocol RIP for dynamically advertising and learning routes among other routers Static routes may also be entered into the routing table 3 IPX Router IPX routers and services can be dynamically exchanged between the Express L128T S T and other devices using RIP and Service Advertising Protocol SAP Watchdog serialization filtering and spoofing can permit the IS
45. AN IPX Bridge Frame Type 3 25 WAN IPX Bridge Seed Status 3 25 WAN IPX Bridge Triggered 3 26 Bridge Spanning Tree 0 0 e eee ee eee 3 26 Spanning Tree Mode 3 26 Spanning Tree Drot 3 26 Spanning Tree Maximum Age 3 26 Spanning Tree Hello me 3 27 Spanning Tree Forward Delay 3 27 Spanning Tree LAN Port 3 27 EAN Port ACtive unica ia Eug 3 27 LAN Port Path Cost 3 27 LAN Port Priority cuina ein os oa 3 28 Spanning Tree WAN Port 3 28 WAN Port 0 Active 0 0 0 0 0c ccc eee 3 28 WAN Port 0 Path Coste 3 28 WAN Port 0 Priority 0 3 28 Spanning Tree WAN Port 3 28 WAN Port 1 Active 0 0 0 0 00 ccc eens 3 29 xii Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Table of Contents WAN Port 1 Path Coste 3 29 WAN Port 1 Priority 3 29 Bridge Address Table 3 29 Address Table Aging 3 29 Address Table Forward Policy 3 29 Configuration Security 3 30 Security Authentication 0 0 000000008 3 30 Security When eis io pata fant ato rand id 3 31 Security Radius Server 0 0 00000000008 3 31 Radius Server Primary Server 000 3 31 Radius Server Secondary Server ooooooooooooomoo 3 31 Radius Server UDP Port 3 31 Radius Server Secret 0 0 0 0 00 e cece teens 3 32 Radius Server Retry Count 3 32 Security PP PP cate rs a is Bets 3 32 Security Filter Defines 3 33 Filter Defines MAC Filte
46. Answer Only def or for outgoing and incoming calls using Originate and Answer Security Radius Server The parameters for the radius server are configured in this menu The RADIUS server can be used for authenticating a PPP peer if defined under Security Authentication and for Telnet server sessions Radius Server Primary Server Write security 1 Read security 2 This is the IP address of the first RADIUS server that the Express L128TS T should attempt to communicate with when authenticating a PPP peer Radius Server Secondary Server Write security 1 Read security 2 This is the IP address of the back up RADIUS server that the Express L128T S T should attempt to communicate with when the primary server does not respond Radius Server UDP Port Write security 1 Read security 2 This is the UDP port that the Express L128T S T should use when communicating with the RADIUS server The default is 1645 which is the commonly used port 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 31 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Radius Server Secret Write security 0 Read security 1 The RADIUS server and Express L128T S T share this text string which is used by the RADIUS server to authenticate the Express L128T S T that is the RADIUS client The factory default is not to use a secret Radius Server Retry Count Write security 1 Read security 2 This is the number of times the Express L128T S T should send a re quest packet
47. DN to be idle during no application traffic periods 4 Network Address Translation NAT NAT allows a site to be known to the Internet by one IP address The IP addresses on the LAN of the NAT router are private to the Internet The IP addresses along with port numbers are translated to the NAT address that is assigned from the far end router NAT allows the user to use only one IP address from the host site While the LAN of the NAT unit is hidden fro the Internet a function called Web server allows HTTP FIP Telnet and SMTP traffic to be directed from the Internet to the hidden LAN network 5 POTS The POTS interfaces can be used for interfacing to dual tone multi frequency DTMF analog devices such as telephones modems fax machines etc Progress tones can be provided in u LAW and A LAW formats Demand Routing and Bridging with the Express L128T S T The Express L128T S T is a dial up ISDN IP Router and Transparent Learning Bridge that provides Dial On Demand and Dynamic Band width Management Its features can be easily configured and used once several basic concepts are understood Factory Default The Express L128T S T comes from the factory configured for MAC Bridging IP routing and IPX routing with no filters or connection in formation defined An IP address of 10 0 0 1 with a network mask of 255 255 255 0 is preloaded Dynamic bandwidth management features are disabled Although dynamic assignment of a B channel for t
48. DP ports 1 2 3 3 19 UDP relay mode 3 18 UDP relay UDP relay list 3 19 upgrade menu 3 80 upgrade abort transfer 3 81 upgrade filename 3 80 upgrade start transfer 3 81 upgrade status 3 81 upgrade TEFTP host 3 80 upgrade TFTP server 3 81 upgrade transfer method 3 80 user list 3 60 user list authen method 3 60 user list idle time 3 60 user list level 3 60 user list name 3 60 user list password 3 60 using keyboard to navigate menu 3 5 utilities menu 3 3 3 79 utilities exit 3 81 utilities ping 3 79 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual utilities Telnet client 3 80 utilities upgrade menu 3 80 V VJ compression 3 50 Ww WAN indicators 1 11 WAN IP bridge 3 24 WAN IP bridge proxy ARP 3 25 WAN IP bridge netmask 3 24 WAN IP bridge network 3 24 WAN IP bridge triggered 3 24 WAN IPX bridge 3 25 WAN IPX bridge frame type 3 25 WAN IPX bridge network 3 25 WAN IPX bridge seed status 3 25 WAN IPX bridge triggered 3 26 WAN menu 3 10 WAN port 3 28 WAN port 0 active 3 28 WAN port 0 path cost 3 28 WAN port 0 priority 3 28 WAN port 1 active 3 29 WAN port 1 path cost 3 29 WAN port 1 priority 3 29 WAN stats 3 72 WAN ISDN 3 10 WAN POTS 3 12 wiring 2 3 2 4 2 5 X xmodem 3 80 Y Y2K v Index 8 Product Support Information Presales Inquiries and Applications Support Please contact your local distributor ADTRAN Applications Engineering or ADTRAN Sales Applications Engin
49. Dial al Self lt gt Utilities MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Z he lp 10 58_ Figure 3 12 Test Screen The following tests can be run Test Menu Echo Request Write security 4 Read security 5 When activated the echo request test will begin sending continuous PPP echo request packets to any open LCP ports Results are dis played on the screen At least one PPP session must be up Test Menu Dial Self Write security 4 Read security 5 The dial self test can be activated to check the ISDN parameters set un der the Configuration WAN ISDN menu This test starts the Express L128T S T dialing itself using the configured Local numbers Once a 3 74 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation connection is established it will send a PPP echo request until the test is terminated Any error or success messages will appear on the screen LOGS MENU The Logs menu contain logs displaying important information about the running condition of the Express L128T S T The logs can be set to capture diagnostics of error conditions only by way of a log level The levels are divided up as follows level 0 Fatal event causes reset level 1 Critical event level 2 Error event level 3 Warning event level 4 Notify event level 5 Informational event level 6 Debugging event Figure 3 13 shows the Logs menu The three logs available are listed after the
50. Dialing out Holding Connection is on hold Idle No call up Speech Connected at speech call type 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual A3 Appendix A Loop Status Messages Release Call being hung up Retriv Held call being retrieved Ringing Incoming call Routing Incoming call state in transition Waiting Call is between states or waiting for switch A 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 AppendixB Log Messages The Express L128T S T Logs menu contains messages of events that occur The definitions for some of those log messages are as follows PPP LOG MESSAGES B Channels bundled level 5 Both B channels are bundled under multilink PPP going to a single PPP peer BACP lt X gt down level 5 Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol port lt X gt has been dropped between Express L128T S T and PPP peer BACP lt X gt up level 5 Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol port lt X gt has been successful ly negotiated between Express L128T S T and PPP peer BCP lt X gt down level 5 Bridge Control Protocol port lt X gt has been dropped between Express L128T S T and PPP peer 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 1 Appendix B Log Messages BCP lt X gt up level 5 Bridge Control Protocol port lt X gt has been successfully negotiated be tween Express L128T S T and PPP peer Can t find user profile level 2 The Express L128T S T could not find an appr
51. ERS ws BOS BE CE hack 1 11 LAN Indicators e ici ed AEN le PH Ae Ps 1 11 WAN Indicators isesi onee ye era EE aE SEE EE ns 1 11 Test Indicators 1 11 Rear Padel iii a dt d NEE EE eis 1 12 ISDN AE Te sos A Sold A ete 1 12 Interoperability oooooccocccocnccccccccccccccccccc 1 13 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Table of Contents Connecting to the Internet 1 13 Configuration E ai encode o AA 1 14 SOUL E A a at 1 14 Chapter 3 Installation ooooooooommmoorror o 2 1 Shipping Damage 2 1 ISDN Network Connection saanuna cece eens 2 1 Local Area Network Connechon 0 0000 ec eee eens 2 1 Telephone Connection as sses cece eee eee ee 2 2 Basic Telephone Service ooooooooorocccccccrrracc ne 2 2 Supplementary Services 6 666 2 2 DIME Keypad EE 2 2 Customer Premises Wiring oooooocccoonoconnnnonnn 2 3 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation 545 3 1 Terminal Menu Structure 0 cece cece eens 3 1 Configuration ad id ati EE EA oe a 3 3 Dial Zeen Ee NN een as ae E 3 3 SAUS a ase dean lass ha te Pine hal A a ante Re hae ota 3 3 OSE AAA SS ee Pt hase Pi Ee teach cree bs 3 3 TOS sh ies Re SAI 2 Bile a o ne E er Sale T 3 3 Ulla 3 3 Navigating the Terminal Menus nnas nn nas snana rnn 3 4 General Layout 22 Eeer EA fet aber en eres 3 4 Menu Rath ia e ER e 3 4 Moving Around sies ai oe eS Re 3 4 Submenus or DATA 000 2 eee eee 3 4 Activation Field tz 3 4
52. Express L128T S T ISDN Router Bridge Part Numbers 1202070L3 Document Number 61202070L3 20A May 1999 Trademarks Ethernet is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation Intel Cor poration and Xerox Corporation ExpertISDN patent number 5 715 241 is a trademark of ADTRAN Inc Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer Inc Novell NetWare and Internetwork Packet Exchange IPX are regis tered trademarks of Novell Inc Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation 5ESS is a registered trademark of LUCENT The Express L128T S T incorporates Synchronous Data Compression based on either IBM or hi fn proprietary intellectual property de pending on the time of manufacture The following trademarks and copyrights are applicable Stacker LZS Compression Copyright O 1989 Carnegie Mellon University Ahi reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provid ed that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed by Carnegie Mellon University The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission This software is provided asis and without any express or implied warranties includ ing without limitation
53. IA dd da da a ee 3 45 Connection List IPX ooooooooooornooom ooo 3 45 Ile TEE 3 45 IPX Remote Network 3 45 IPX Triggered 3 46 IPX Retain A Sees 3 46 IPX Type 20 Packets ooooocoococcccccccccccccc 3 46 Connection List Bridge 3 47 Bridge M6de tocas att ten ee 3 47 Connection List Probe 3 47 Probe Acive EE 3 48 Probe Intetval stergi fsdeee tit Eer d AN 3 48 Probe Update Window 3 48 Connection List PPP 0 0 cece eens 3 48 PPM OK dara Boa agen acid ee ates at aca eens 3 48 Multilink Mode 3 49 Multilink Fragment 3 49 Multilink BACP uc a 3 49 PPP Compressio 22 Ae ZEN SEENEN AER putas 3 49 PPP VJ Compression 3 50 PPP Max Config 3 50 PPP Max Timet ori Sy oe oy Ree eas 3 50 PPP MaxEallute nVidia axis emake 3 50 Connection List Dial Out 3 51 Dial Out hNumber 1 3 51 Dial Out Number 2 3 51 Dial Out Call Type iaieiiea tnp aa n E E a 3 51 Dial Out Delay lt lt EE A foe E 3 52 Dial Out Connection Timeout 3 52 Dial Out Attempts 3 52 Dial Out Initial Channels 0 0 0 0 000000005 3 52 Connection List Bandwidth oooooooooooo o 3 52 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Table of Contents Bandwidth On Demand 3 52 Bandwidth Mode 0 0 ccc cece cece eee 3 53 Bandwidth Idle Timeout 3 53 Bandwidth Preempt Time 3 53 Bandwidth Upper Threshold oooooooooo 3 53 Bandwidth Lower Threshold
54. N Glossary 8 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Glossary two wire circuit A transmission circuit composed of two wires signal and ground used to both send and receive information In con trast a 4 wire circuit consists of two pairs One pairis used to send and one pair is used to receive All trunk circuits long distance are 4 wire A 4 wire circuit delivers better recep tion but also costs more All local loop circuits those comin from a Class 5 central office to the subscriber s phone system are 2 wire unless a 4 wire circuit is requested U interface A twisted pair subscriber loop that connects the NT1 refer ence point to the ISDN network as defined in the 1 411 Rec ommendation This interface provides Basic Rate Access with an operating frequency of 160 kbps and an information rate of 144 kbps Under U S regulations this also marks the line of demarcation between customer owned equipment and the public network ZIP Zone Information Protocol The AppleTalk session layer pro tocol used to maintain and discover the internet wide map ping of network number ranges to zone names Zombie Routes Routes that have been identified by the router to be deleted They remain in the router s route table for a specified amount of time with an infinite metric so that all other routers will learn of this router s intention to delete them 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Glossary 9 Glossary Glossary
55. PAP or CHAP for the Tx Method 7 Enter your user name and password provided by your ISP into the Tx Username and Tx Password fields 8 Move the cursor to the left pane and highlight the IP parameters 9 Set the NAT item to Yes This is a very important step The Express L128T S T will need to translate the fake IP address es on the PC s connected to the Ethernet interface to the real address provided dynamically by the ISP See IP NAT on page 3 16 for more details 10 All other IP parameters should be left at their default settings Navigate over to the Dial Out parameters 11 Enter the number of the location to be dialed into Number 1 Enter Number 2 if calling another ISDN device with two phone numbers Otherwise Number 2 is not required 12 Arrow left until the message Save Connection List Changes appears Type y to save 13 Go to the Configuration IP menu and enter an IP address and net mask into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields The fac tory default setting will work just as well 10 0 0 1 255 255 255 0 Quick Start 2 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Quick Startup Guide If you want the L128T S T to dynamically assign your computer an IP address go into the Configuration IP NAT submenu and set DHCP Mode to On If you want to statically assign your computer an address on the network of the L128T S T s Ethernet set DHCP mode to Off Arrow
56. PP plus compression yields effective throughput greater than 256 kbps depending on the randomness and compressibility of the data Compatible with popular ISP access devices Do BT nu Do BT Figure 1 3 Single User to Internet Service Provider 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 1 3 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T Multiple Users to Internet Service Provider ISP using NAT e Provides high speed home access to the Internet e NAT provides translation from user assigned IP addresses to an ISP assigned IP address e Multiple and simultaneous access e The PC s IP address can by dynamically assigned by the Express L128T S T using DHCP e On demand Internet access e Multilink PPP plus compression yields effective throughput greater than 256 kbps depending on the randomness and compressibility of the data Compatible with popular ISP access devices SN MN So r Se Wo J j N s S WF ame INTERNET Figure 1 4 Multiple User to Internet Service Provider 1 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T Small Office Home Office SOHO to Corporate LAN e Connects the small office or home office to the corporate LAN e Routes IP and Internet Packet Exchange IPX traffic from multiple devices to the corporate L
57. PP Compression Control Protocol has negotiated successfully BACP Shows UP if PPP Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol has negotiated successfully User Displays the user name of the PPP peer Number s Shows the phone number dialed if outgoing call or caller ID if incoming call Connect Time Shows the date and time when the call last connected Up Time Displays how long the call has been connected Idle Timer Current value of the idle timer number of seconds since filtered packet was passed through Tx Pkts N umber of packets transmitted toward the WAN direction Rx Pkts N umber of packets received from the WAN direction Tx Bytes N umber of bytes transmitted toward the WAN direction Rx Bytes N umber of bytes received from the WAN direction Tx Rate Current application data transmission rate toward the WAN Rx Rate Current application data reception rate from the WAN Tx Link Rate Current actual data transmission rate on the WAN in bytes sec Rx Link Rate Current actual data reception rate on the WAN in Tx Comp Ratio Rx Comp Ratio bytes sec Current transmission compression ratio Current reception compression ratio 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 67 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Call Sessions Spanning Tree Read security 5 When Bridge mode and Spanning Tree mode are active this reflects the current state of the LAN and WAN ports The following can ap pear Off Appears when spanning tree mod
58. R Turns this entry active when set to On Selects the filter define list to reference from the Configuration Security Filter Defines MAC Filter Defines list from the Configuration Security Filter Defines Pattern Filter Defines list from the Configuration Security Filter Defines IP Filter Defines list from the Configuration Security Filter Defines IPX Filter Defines list Selects between filters defined in the list The next operation to use to combine with the next filter in the list the last filter to combination logically AN D this filter with the next filter in the list logically OR this filter with the next filter in the list 3 56 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Filters LAN to WAN Out Write security 2 Read security 5 The packets which come out toward the WAN from the Express L128T S T can be filtered in three ways Disabled def Turns off packet output filtering N o outgoing packets are blocked from the WAN Block All All outgoing packets to the WAN are blocked exceptas defined in the Filters Out Exceptions list Forward All All outgoing packets to the WAN are not blocked except as defined in the Filters Out Exceptions list Filters Out Exceptions Write security 2 Read security 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter entries The setup is exactly the same as the Filter In Exceptions list Filters Demand Dial Write
59. S T for this com munity 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 61 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation SNMP Traps The Express L128T S T can generate SNMP traps This list allows up to four managers to be listed to receive traps Traps Manager Name Write security 2 Read security 4 This is the text string describing the name of the entry It is intended for easy reference and has no bearing on the SNMP trap function Traps Manager IP Write security 2 Read security 4 This is the IP address of the manager that is to receive the traps Management Maint Port The Express L128T S T has an EIA 232 connector on the back of the unit The setup for that port is under this menu Maint Port Password Protect Write security 0 Read security 1 When set to No the maintenance port is not password protected When On def the Express L128T S T will prompt for a password upon startup Maint Port Password Write security 0 Read security 1 This is the text string that is used for comparison when password pro tecting the maintenance port By default no password is entered NOTE The security level for the maintenance port is always set to 0 This gives full access to all menus 3 62 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Maint Port Baud Rate Write security 5 Read security 5 This is the asynchronous rate that the maintenance port will run The possible values are 300
60. SER_BUSY WRONG_MESSAGE WRONG_MSG_FOR_STATE B 10 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages Conference lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T has conferenced the held call with the active call If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Conference Rej lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T attempted to conference but was rejected by the ISDN switch If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Connect Timeout level 3 An outgoing call attempt has failed because the call was not answered or it was not routed through the ISDN network Connected lt number gt level 5 A call from or to lt number gt was connected If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Demand calling lt user gt level 4 A new call is being placed due to incoming packet routed to idle in terface or bridge packet passing through demand filter The Connec tion List profile used is the one with lt user gt in the description field DEST NOT ISDN level 4 The number dialed is not ISDN This is a warning and is most often seen for POTS calls 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 11 Appendix B Log Messages Dial lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T is dialing lt number gt Dialing leve
61. T S T cannot bundle more than two Multilink ses sions at one time No Response from peer level 2 The Express L128T S T has dialed or answered a call and no PPP ne gotiation packets were seen B 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages PAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express L128T S T s username and or password used for authenticating Check to make sure the Configu ration Connection List Authentication parameters Tx Method Tx Username and Tx Password are correct Peer failed CHAP authen level 3 The PPP peer s reported CHAP username and or password does not match the Express L128T S T s parameters This is most likely caused by PPP peer sending an incorrect username and or password Make sure the Configuration Connection List Authentication parameters Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered Also if using RADIUS ensure that the server is configured and running properly Peer failed EAP authen level 3 The PPP peer s reported EAP username and or password does not match the Express L128T S T s parameters This is most likely caused by PPP peer sending incorrect username and or password Make sure the Configuration Connection List Authentication parameters Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered Also if using RADIUS ensure that the server is configured and running properly Peer failed PAP authen level 3 The PPP peer s reporte
62. The protocol is set in the Protocol parameter Select Yes for the Triggered parameter This will prevent periodic RIP updates that keep the ISDN link from going idle Select Yes for the Retain parameter This will allow the routes learned from the access server to be saved in the IP routing table Access to any of those networks from the workstation will cause this profile to be dialed Use the left arrow to get back to the previous menu Use the down arrow to view the IPX menu parameters in the right pane Quick Start 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Quick Startup Guide 16 This is similar to steps 13 and 14 Select Yes for Triggered and Yes for Retain This will allow the ISDN link to go to an idle state and permit the Express L128T S T to spoof the server informa tion obtained from the access server A similar configuration must be selected on the access server 17 Use the arrows to get the Dial Out menu parameters for this pro file 18 Enter the phone number of the access server in Number 1 If configured by the administrator to use two B channels using Multilink PPP set the Initial Channels field to 2 Some PPP pro tocols if they exist in the access server will allow the second channel to come into play only if the bandwidth is needed If this is the case the Express L128T S T will automatically negotiate this with the access server 19 Now move to the Bandwidth menu for this profile Once the
63. ULT This profile is used for any incoming calls when Configura tion Security Authentication None or when the username of the connecting PPP peer is not found in the Connection List 3 36 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation To insert a new profile press the I key when over the Num column A new inserted profile will always be set up with the NOTE default parameters To copy parameters from an old profile to this newly inserted profile use the copy C and paste P keys Entire configuration trees can be copied with this method Figure 3 8 shows the Connection List menu Express L128T Conf iguration Connection List System Info Num Descr iption Active Authentication IP IPX Br idge P WAN 1 DEFAULT Yes IP IPX Br idge Securit Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Z help 17 41 Figure 3 8 Configuration Connection List Screen Connection List Description Write security 3 Read security 4 The description is a text string that identifies the profile Connection List Active Write security 3 Read security 4 When set to Yes def this profile is used for authentication and user association of incoming calls Setting to No is the same as deleting the item but allows the information of the profile to be saved 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 37 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation NOTE To delete an unused prof
64. V2 RIP Method Write security 3 Read security 5 Split Horizon Poison Reverse def Only routes not learned on the Ethernet port are advertised All routes are advertised including routes learned from the Ethernet port These routes are poisoned None All routes are advertised including routes learned from the Ethernet port No attemptis made to poison these routes RIP Direction Write security 3 Read security 5 Tx and Rx def Tx only Rx only RIP advertisements are transmitted and listened to on the Ethernet port RIP advertisements are transmitted and not listened to RIP advertisements are listened to but not transmitted RIP V2 Secret Write security 0 Read security 0 This is a text string used for authenticating advertised routes IP NAT The Network Address Translation general parameters are set up un der this menu 3 16 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation NAT DHCP Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When this option is set to On the Express L128T S T acts as a DHCP server and will dynamically assign IP network mask default gate way and DNS addresses to any device which transmits a broadcast DHCP request The addresses assigned are based on the Express L128T S T s own IP address and will be within the same network This mode is most commonly used with the NAT functionality The default is Off NAT DHCP Rene
65. a call Can t answer Call not ringing level 1 Internal error as a result of trying to answer a non existent incoming call B 8 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages Cause lt cause gt diag lt num gt level 3 The ISDN switch has sent a Cause information element describing the reason reported from the ISDN switch as lt cause gt for a call failure The value lt num gt is the diagnostic which can be helpful for diagnos ing by the telephone company or ADTRAN technical support The following will be reported for the lt cause gt value BAD_INFO_ELEM BEAR_CAP_NOT_AVAIL BEARER_CAP_NOT_AUTH CALL_REJECTED CAP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED CHAN_DOES_NOT_EXIST CHAN_NOT_IMPLEMENTED CHANNEL_UNACCEPTABLE DEST_OUT_OF_ORDER FACILITY_NOT_IMPLEMENT FACILITY_NOT_SUBSCRIBED FACILITY_REJECTED INCOMING_CALL_BARRED INCOMPATIBLE_DEST INVALID_CALL_REF INVALID_ELEM_CONTENTS INVALID_MSG_UNSPEC INVALID_NUMBER_FORMAT MANDATORY_IE_LEN_ERR MANDATORY_IE_MISSING 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 9 Appendix B Log Messages NETWORK_CONGESTION NETWORK_OUT_OF_ORDER NO_CIRCUIT_AVAILABLE NO_ROUTE NO_ROUTE_TO_DEST NO_USER_RESPONDING NON_SEL_USER_CLEAR NONEXISTENT_MSG NORMAL_CLEARING NUMBER_CHANGED OUTGOING_CALL_BARRED PRE_EMPTED PROTOCOL_ERROR REQ CHANNEL NOT_AVAIL RESOURCE_UNAVAIL SERVICE_NOT_AVAIL SERVICE_OPER_VIOLATED TEMPORARY_FAILURE TIMER_EXPIRY UNASSIGNED_NUMBER USER_ALERT_NO_ANS U
66. a multilevel menu structure containing both menu items and data fields All menu operations and data dis play in the terminal menu window The Express L128T S T is shipped in the Factory Default configuration Connect any VT 100 or VT 220 type terminal emulator to the maintenance port with a straight through RS 232 cable The default rate is 9600 baud 8 N 1 The termi nal emulator can flow the Express L128T S T off using software flow control Hardware flow control is not used The opening menu the Main menu or top level menu is the access point to all other operations Each Main menu item has several func tions and submenus to identify and access specific parameters Top Level Terminal Menu on page 3 2 shows the top level terminal menu The Main menu options are described in the following pages In order to edit items in the terminal menus you must have the appropriate security level Each menu description in this section NOTE indicates the required security level required for write access The maintenance port is always at security level 0 giving full access to all configuration items 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 1 oe enuen Jaen L S 18217 sseudx3 02 102020219 Dua jeulwsay ana7 do LE nla Menu Path Describes the current position in the terminal menu structure Right Pane Lists available submenus Additional submenus available through this pane are indicated by the and DATA symbols
67. al to gt means port greater than lt means port less than None means the source portis not compared 3 34 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Dst Port Dst Port Cmpr Proto Proto Cmpr TCP Est IP destination port number used for comparison Range 0 to 65535 decimal format Type of comparison that is performed means ports equal to not means port not equal to gt means port greater than lt means port less than None means the destination portis not compared Protocol used for comparison Range 0 to 255 decimal format Type of comparison that is performed means protocols equal to not means protocols not equal to gt means protocols greater than lt means protocols less than None means the protocol is not compared Yes only when TCP established No only when TCP not established Ignore ignore TCP flags Filter Defines IPX Filter Defines Write security 2 Read security 3 The IPX filter defines apply to any IPX packet whether it is routed or bridged Also any IPX encapsulation type will be accounted for Up to 32 IPX defines can be specified Name Src Net Src Mask Dest Net Dest Mask Src Socket Identifies the filter entry 15 characters max 32 bit source network address Bits in the source network address which are compared hexadecimal format 32 bit destination network address Bits in the destination network ad
68. ape Cancels an edit Allows you to go back up the menu Also will dismiss the pop up help screens Tab and M oves between the left and right panes Shift Tab A Moves to the top of a screen Z M oves to the bottom of a screen Backspace Ascends one menu level 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 5 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Session Management Control L Logs out of the session Control S Invalidates the password entry and returns to the log in screen The Password prompt will display Control R Refreshes the screen To save time only the portion of the screen that has changed is refreshed This option should be necessary only if the display picks up incorrect characters Configuration Restores factory default settings This setting restores the factory defaults based on the location of the cursor Entire submenus can be factory defaulted Copies selected items to the clipboard The amount of information you can copy depends on the cursor location when you press C For example if the cursor is over an editable field only that item is copied If the cursor is over the index number of a list then all of the items in the row of the list are copied For example if the cursor is over the Num field in the Connection List screen all of the information associated with the Connection List entry is copied Pastes the item stored in the clipboard if the informatio
69. appareil nuerique respecte les limites de bruits radioelectriques applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class B prescrites dans la norme sur le materiel brouilleur Appareils Numeriques NMB 003 edictee par le ministre des Communications CANADIAN EQUIPMENT LIMITATIONS Notice The Canadian Industry and Science Canada label identifies certified equipment This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective operational and safety requirements The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user s satisfaction Before installing this equipment ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local telecommunications company The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection In some cases the company s inside wiring associated with a single line individual service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly telephone extension cord Compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Ca nadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment or equipment mal functions may give the telecommunications company cause to re quest the user to disconnect the equipment Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground
70. as been dropped between Express L128T S T and PPP peer IPXCP lt X gt up level 5 IPX Control Protocol port lt X gt has been successfully negotiated be tween Express L128T S T and PPP peer LCP lt X gt down level 5 Link Control Protocol port lt X gt has been dropped between Express L128T S T and PPP peer LCP lt X gt up level 5 Link Control Protocol port lt X gt has been successfully negotiated be tween Express L128T S T and PPP peer 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 3 Appendix B Log Messages Link is looped back level 3 The Express L128T S T has dialed a location which is looping back all data Essentially it has negotiated PPP with itself MP options not the same level 2 It is required that when LCP links are bundled that specific PPP op tions MRRU and short sequence header format be negotiated the same for all LCP links This message occurs when those options mis match Probably due to misconfiguration of the PPP peer Negot not converging level 2 Negotiation of the LCP layer is unattainable due to misconfiguration or the Express L128T S T or PPP peer is requiring authentication and the other is refusing No IP addr for peer level 2 The Express L128T S T cannot continue the connection because there was no IP address received from the PPP peer or it was not set in Con figuration Connection List IP Route IP Net parameter No more bundles avail level 3 The Express L128
71. at may be dialed A Connection List entry is required for each destination since authentication information method username password number of B channels telephone numbers Caller ID IP or IPX address for routed connections and other information can be stored for each destination defined Defined destinations may be di aled by selecting the Dial activator in the Dial menu or by demand for the desired Connection List profile Concurrent Routing and Bridging The Express L128T S T can route IP and IPX as well as bridge non IP IPX packets simultaneously The Connection List profile will by de fault negotiate PPP network protocols to support the transmission and reception of IP IPX and Bridge packets If the PPP peer does not ac cept a protocol the Express L128T S T will fall back to any combina tion of routing and bridging 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 1 9 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T Routing over PPP Bridging The Express L128T S T can support legacy equipment which does not support PPP IP IPCP or IPX IPXCP protocols by allowing routing packets over the WAN connection using PPP Bridging BCP To per form this the Express L128T S T uses a virtual Ethernet port This port is set up under the Configuration Bridge menu This feature identifies the calling party number for incoming calls This feature may not be functional for all countries or if calling party information
72. ation that defines network standards IEEE LAN stan dards are the predominant LAN standards today and include poser similar or virtually equivalent to Ethernet and To en Ring IEEE 802 1d An algorithm used to prevent bridging loops by creating a spanning tree IEEE 802 2 An IEEE LAN protocol that specifies an implementation of the LLC sublayer of the data link layer It handles errors framing flow control network layer Layer 3 service inter face and is used in LANs IEEE 802 3 A physical layer standard specifying a linear bus network LAN with a CSMA CD access method on a bus topology Ethernet follows the 802 3 standard transmitting at 10 mega bits per second This is the most common local area network specification Physical variations of IEEE 802 3 include 10Base2 and 10BaseT in band signalling Signalling made up of tones which pass within the voice fre quency band and are carried along the same circuit as the talk ath being established by the signals Virtually all signalling que for service dialing disconnect etc in the U S is in band signalling Most of that signalling is MF Multi Fre a dialing The more modern form of signalling is out of band interexchange carrier Since divestiture any carrier registered with the FCC autho rized to carry customer transmissions between LATAs inter state or if approved by a state public utility commission intrastate Includes carriers such as AT amp T Communicat
73. aulted Switch 3 must be up or in the OFF position to disable passive bus enable 100 termination Switch 4 must be up or in the OFF po sition to disable u Law enable A LAW o He aR Bas mM a h a Bo El m E Fa EE al J 1202070L3 Figure 1 7 Express L128T S T Rear Panel ISDN Connection From the network ISDN is delivered by a single 4 wire S T interface which is connected directly to the Express L128T S T 100 ohm termi nation resistors can be enabled for point to point application and dis abled for passive bus applications via a dip switch on the rear panel The Express L128T S T has one RJ 45 jack labeled ISDN on the rear panel for network connection see Figure 1 7 ISDN basic rate service divides a standard telephone line into three digital channels capable of simultaneous voice and data transmission The three channels are comprised of two bearer B channels at 64 kbps and one Delta D or Signalling channel at 16 kbps known as 2B D 1 12 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T The Express L128T S T also supports a leased digital connection al lowing data to be transferred at up to 128 kbps over a 4 wire facility using the same RJ 45 jack This type of service is a permanent connec tion between endpoints and is sometimes referred to as a leased con nect
74. can bring up a session to the Express L128T S T s Telnet server using the standard telnet TCP port Only one session is supported at a time All sessions require a user name and password Telnet Server Access Write security 2 Read security 5 This option must be set to On def to access the Express L128T S T via Telnet Turning it Off means that access is denied 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 59 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Telnet User List Up to four users can be configured for access to the Express L128T S T Each user can be assigned a privilege and time out 3 60 User List Name Write security 1 Read security 3 A text string of the user name for this session User List Authen Method Write security 1 Read security 3 The user can be authenticated in two ways Passw ord The Password field is used to authenticate the user Radius The Radius client is used for authenticating the user User List Password Write security 0 Read security 3 When the authenticating method is password this text string is used for the password User List Idle Time Write security 1 Read security 3 When set to non zero the session is automatically logged out when no activity occurs for this amount of time The range is 0 to 255 and is in minutes The default is 10 minutes and a setting of 0 will never time out the session When a timeout occurs dur ing an edit session all changes are saved
75. cept failed level 2 Telnet server could not open TCP socket to incoming Telnet client TELNETD Set TCPC_LISTENQ failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet server function 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 19 Appendix B Log Messages TELN ETD Cir TCBF_BUFFER flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function TELNETD could not obtain peer ip level 2 Telnet server function could not get IP address of Telnet client TELN ETD Session failed error level 2 A Telnet server session has failed because of an error TELN ETD Set TCBF_DONTBLOCK flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function TELN ETD SOCKET creation error level 2 Telnet server could not be started due to TCP socket error TFTP can t get to host level 2 TFTP client could not get to host TFTP client unable to open port level 2 TFTP client function could not open a UDP port TFIP error rcvd lt message gt level 2 Received error with lt message gt from TFTP server B 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages TFTP lost communication level 2 Lost communication to TFTP client or server during transfer TFIP server unable to open port level 2 TFTP server function could not open a UDP port 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 21 Appendix B Log Messages B 22 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 A
76. connections of the power utility telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system if present are connected together This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas Users should not attempt to make such connections CAUTION themselves but should contact the appropriate electric inspection authority or an electrician as appropriate Vi The Load Number LN assigned to each terminal device denotes the percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which is used by the device to prevent overloading The termination on a loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the re quirement that the total of the Load Numbers of all devices does not exceed 100 vii IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS When using your telephone equipment basic safety precautions should always be followed to reduce the risk of fire electric shock and injury to persons The precautions are listed below 1 Do not use this product near water for example near a bath tub wash bowl kitchen sink or laundry tub in a wet basement or near a swimming pool 2 Avoid using a telephone other than a cordless type dur ing an electrical storm There may be a remote risk of elec tric shock from lightning 3 Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity of the leak 4 Use only the power cord power supply and or batteries indicated in the manual Do not dispose of batteries in a fire They ma
77. curity 5 This is the timeout value used by the Express L128T S T to test against the root device The value is in one tenth seconds with a range be tween 60 6 0 seconds and 400 40 0 seconds The default is 200 20 0 seconds 3 26 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Spanning Tree Hello Time Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the time between the generation of configuration BPDUs Bridging Protocol Data Units by the root bridge The value is in one tenth seconds with a range between 10 1 0 second and 100 10 0 sec onds The default is 20 2 0 seconds Spanning Tree Forward Delay Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the time spent in the listening and learning state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state The value is in one tenth seconds with a range between 40 4 0 seconds and 300 30 0 sec onds The default is 150 15 0 seconds Spanning Tree LAN Port The path cost and priority parameters for the Ethernet port are speci fied under this menu LAN Port Active Write security 2 Read security 5 The Ethernet port can be disabled when set to No In this mode no bridge traffic will be forwarded in or out Setting to Yes def allows the port to participate in the spanning tree topology LAN Port Path Cost Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the cost of using the Ethernet port in the total cost of the path The rang
78. d PAP username and or password does not match the Express L128T S T s parameters This is most likely caused by PPP peer sending incorrect username and or password Make sure the Configuration Connection List Authentication parameters Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered Also if using RADIUS check that the server is configured and running properly 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 5 Appendix B Log Messages Peer refused authen level 3 The PPP peer would not allow the Express L128T S T to authenticate it using the method set in Configuration Security PPP Peer refused SpanTree level 4 The PPP peer would not participate in the Spanning Tree protocol This is a warning message only Bridging will still occur across the WAN port so make certain that no loop topologies exist across the connection PPPtx x level 6 Advance debugging decode of transmitted PPP configuration pack ets PPPrxI x level 6 Advanced debugging decode of received PPP configuration packets CALL LOG MESSAGES Answer lt number gt level 5 An incoming call from lt number gt was answered If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank Bad call type level 1 Internal error as a result of outgoing call attempt B 6 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages Bad Host Call ID level 1 Internal error as a result of call control Bad phon
79. d and is not forwarded 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 29 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Configuration Security The Security menu is used to set up the authentication parameters needed to authenticate PPP connection over the ISDN B channels Al so the filter defines are placed under this menu Figure 3 7 shows the Security menu System Info Authentication None WAN When Answer Only IP Radius Server IPX PPP CHAP or EAP Bridge Filter Defines Connection List Management IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Z he Ip 17 41_ Figure 3 7 Configuration Security Screen Security Authentication Write security 1 Read security 2 The method used for authenticating the PPP peer is selected here The possible values are None def No attemptis made to authenticate the PPP peer Radius The Express L128T S T will actas a RADIUS client and authenticate the PPP peer using the RADIUS server The Radius server parameters must be set up properly for this to work Connection The Connection List profile is used to authenticate the List PPP peer See Configuration Connection List on page 3 36 for more information on authentication 3 30 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Security When Write security 1 Read security 2 The Express L128T S T can be configured to authenticate the PPP peer using the above method for incoming calls using
80. directory number s provided with your line Calling a good ISDN line with nothing connected usually results in a ring or fast busy tone If someone answers or you get a not in service intercept there is probably something wrong with the translation of the line The phone service provider should be able to help If the PWR LED still flashes there is a physical problem with the phone line more than likely a problem with the Layer 1 setup The problem is in one or more of the places listed below e The Express L128T S T software setup e The Express L128T S T hardware e The wiring on your premises e The telephone service provider s wiring e The telephone service provider s hardware e The telephone service provider s software setup To isolate the problem perform the following procedure 4 2 A Ensure the line is plugged into the Express L128T S T con nector marked ISDN on the back of the Express L128T S T B Make sure the Express L128T S T is configured for Dial line service C If possible try another piece of functioning ISDN equipment with an S T interface on the line D Talk to your service provider and ensure you have an ISDN Basic Rate S T Interface E Ensure that your phone line is connected to the actual tele phone line S T interface provided by your telephone com pany Make sure your line is not connected through another piece of equipment in a wiring closet F Make sure nothing else is bridged acr
81. dress which are compared hexadecimal format 16 bit value which is the source socket Range is 0 65535 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 35 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Src Socket Comp Type of comparison that is performed means socket equal to Not means socket not equal to gt means socket greater than lt means socket less than None no comparison is done on source socket Dest Socket 16 bit value which is the destination socket Range is 0 65535 Dest Socket Type of comparison that is performed Comp means socket equal to Not means socket not equal to gt means socket greater than lt means socket less than None no comparison is done on destination socket Type 8 bit value which is the IPX type Type Comp Type of comparison that is performed means type equal to Not means type not equal to gt means type greater than lt means type less than None no comparison is done on IPX type Configuration Connection List The Express L128T S T uses the Connection List to specify the profile each user or group of users are to have when connected Each profile or item in the Connection List has many configurable parameters giv ing high flexibility on a per user basis Up to 15 profiles can be defined in the Connection List Calls cannot be originated or answered unless a Connection List profile is defined The Express L128T S T factory defaults with one profile called DE FA
82. e 3 15 3 44 RIP protocol 3 16 3 44 RIP retain 3 45 RIP triggered 3 45 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual RIP V2 secret 3 16 RJ 11 interface D 2 RJ 45 interface D 1 route force IP 3 43 route hops 3 43 route 1P net 3 42 route netmask 3 43 route private 3 43 route static route 3 43 routing concurrent routing and bridging 1 9 demand 1 6 IP 1 8 IPX 1 9 multiprotocol Quick Start 3 over PPP bridging 1 10 Rx only 3 16 S safety instructions viii samples sample rate 3 54 samples samples 3 54 samples time between changes 3 55 SAP 1 6 1 9 SAP timer 3 23 security 1 14 security levels 3 7 security menu 3 30 security authentication 3 30 security filter defines 3 33 security PPP 3 32 security radius server 3 31 security when 3 31 seed status 3 22 self test if self test fails 4 1 SetRequest C 2 shipping damage 2 1 SNMP 3 61 C 1 Index 6 SNMP access 3 61 SNMP communities 3 61 SNMP traps 3 62 SOHO small office home office 1 5 spanning tree 3 26 3 68 spanning tree algorithm 1 5 3 26 spanning tree forward delay 3 27 spanning tree hello time 3 27 spanning tree LAN port 3 27 spanning tree maximum age 3 26 spanning tree mode 3 26 spanning tree priority 3 26 spanning tree WAN port 0 3 28 spanning tree WAN port 1 3 28 specifications 5 1 environmental 5 3 physical 5 3 speech 3 51 speech calltype routing 3 12 split horizon 3 16 3 44 static route 1 8 static routes active 3 14
83. e Express L128T S T but get routed as soon as they arrive at the unit Figure 3 6 shows the Bridge menu Express L128T Conf igurat ion Br idge System Info Mode On WAN IP Bridge WAN IPX Bridge gt g ree Address Table 1 Connection List Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Z he lp 17 41_ Figure 3 6 Configuration Bridge Screen 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 23 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Bridge Mode Write security 2 Read security 5 When this option is set to On def the Express L128T S T bridge function is enabled Setting it to Off disables all bridge functionality Bridge WAN IP Bridge When IP routing is active the Express L128T S T allows another WAN device to bridge IP packets to it using PPP BCP Normally two IP routers would negotiate PPP IPCP to exchange IP packets Howev er if a device can only support PPP BCP IP packets are encapsulated by the device as bridge packets The Express L128T S T can treat the WAN IP Bridge as a virtual Ethernet port connected only toa WAN device which has negotiated PPP BCP This menu allows the IP pa rameters for this virtual Ethernet to be set up WAN IP Bridge Network Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the virtual Ethernet port WAN IP Bridge Netmask Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the network mask to be applied to the virtual Ethernet port WAN IP Bridge Tri
84. e UDP Port columns up to a maximum of three per server UDP Relay List UDP Port 1 UDP Port 2 UDP Port 3 Write security 3 Read security 5 UDP Port 1 UDP Port 2 and UDP Port 3 are used for specifying UDP ports to be relayed These fields only apply when UDP Port Type is set to Specified IP Proxy ARP Write security 4 Read security 5 This feature allows the network portion of a group of addresses to be shared between several physical network segments The ARP protocol itself provides a way for devices to create a mapping between physical i e Ethernet addresses and logical IP addresses Proxy ARP makes use of this mapping feature by instructing a router to answer ARP re quests as a proxy for the IP addresses behind one of its ports The device which sent the ARP request will then correctly assume that it can reach the requested IP address by sending packets to the physical address that was returned to it This technique effectively hides the 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 19 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation fact that a network has been further subnetted If this option is set to Yes def when an ARP request is received on the Ethernet port the address is looked up in the IP routing table If the forwarding port is not on the Ethernet port and the route is not the default route the Ex press L128T S T will answer the request with its own hardware ad dress If set to No the Express L128T S T wil
85. e back panel of the Express L128T S T The rear panel is illustrated in Figure 1 7 on page 1 12 D 2 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 AppendixE Terminal Mode Commands The Express L128T S T supports a command line interface All menu options are configurable and readable from the terminal mode Addi tional commands are also available MENU COMMANDS Every menu item in the menu structure can be accessed through the terminal mode interface Terminal commands are as follows top_menu sub_menul sub_menu2 config_item Each config_item is entered as shown below Type Entered as string printable characters within double quotes password printable characters within double quotes IP address XX XX XX XX 0 9 separated by Hex XX XX XX XX 0 9 a f separated by enum sub string or index unsigned digits 0 9 date mm dd yyyy time hh mm ss date time mm dd yyyy hh mm ss activator read only list followed by index with first record being 1 array followed by index with first record being 1 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual E 1 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands One of the following key words must be used first Key Word Goes directly to this menu info Configuration System Inf isdn Configuration WAN ISDN pots Configuration WAN POTS ip Configuration IP ipx Configuration IPX bridge Configuration Bridge security Configuration Security connect Configuration
86. e is disabled Disabled Portis not connected for WAN or disabled in configuration Listening Portis in the listening state Learning Portis in the learning state Forwarding Portis in the forwarding state with the following possible properties root is the root port designated is designated port Blocking Portis in the blocked state Status ARP Cache Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L128T S T s ARP table All re solved cache entries time out after 20 minutes Unresolved entries time out in 3 minutes ARP Cache IP IP address used for resolving MAC address Address ARP Cache Ethernet address resolved 0 no resolution MAC Address ARP Cache Time Minutes since entry was first entered 3 68 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Status Bridge Table Read security 5 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation This lists the contents of the Express L128T S T s bridge table Bridge Cache MAC Address Bridge Cache Port Bridge Cache TTL Ethernet address for device learned Port device learned from LAN WANO or WAN1 Seconds until address is removed from table Status IP Routes Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L128T S T s IP router table IP Routes IP Address IP Routes Netmask IP Routes Gateway IP Routes Port local etho wan0 wanl idle IP Routes Use IP Routes Flags Dot N etwork or host destination addre
87. e is from 1 to 65535 with a default of 100 for 10 Mbits second 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 27 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation LAN Port Priority Write security 2 Read security 5 The priority adjusts the relative priority of the Ethernet port among the multiple bridge ports The range is 0 to 255 witha default of 128 Spanning Tree WAN Port 0 The WAN port 0 is considered to be the first PPP BCP connection that occurs over the ISDN link It can be a single B channel or two B chan nels running PPP Multilink WAN Port 0 Active Write security 2 Read security 5 The WAN 0 port can be disabled when set to No In this mode no bridge traffic will be forwarded in or out Setting to Yes def allows the port to participate in the spanning tree topology WAN Port 0 Path Cost Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the cost of using the WAN port 0 in the total cost of the path The range is from 1 to 65535 with a default of 15625 for 64 kbits second Note that when running over two B channels using PPP Multilink the range does not adjust itself If it is known that the only WAN port will be WAN port 0 over two B channels then the path cost for this port should be changed to 7812 128 Kbits second WAN Port 0 Priority Write security 2 Read security 5 The priority adjusts the relative priority of the WAN port 0 among the multiple bridge ports The range is 0 to 255 witha default of 128
88. e mode the ISDN line is in If connecting to the public net work select Dial def If connecting to a leased wire for back to back operation select Leased ISDN Dial Line Dial Line parameters are entered under this menu 3 10 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Dial Line Switch Protocol Write security 2 Read security 5 Find out what kind of ISDN switch protocol the local CO is using by asking the local telephone administrator or the tele phone company representative The Express L128T S T can be configured for the following LUCENT 5ESS def LUCENT 5ESS Custom NEC TDX10 Nippon Electric Company Switch EURO ISDN TDX1B N ET3 or similar Dial Line Area Code Write security 2 Read security 5 Enter 3 digit area code when using ExpertISDN Dial Line Local Number 1 or 2 Write security 2 Read security 5 This option allows the entry of 0 1 or 2 Local Numbers The Local Number is used when placing or receiving calls The Local Number is the local phone number assigned to the line Local Number 1 5551212 Local Number 2 5551213 ISDN Leased Line Write security 2 Read security 5 Leased Line parameters are entered under this menu Leased mode would be used for permanent circuits Leased Line Channel Rate Write security 2 Read security 5 64k Only B1 is used 2x64k B1 and B2 go to different locations 128k def B1 and B2 are used together
89. e number level 2 An outgoing call was attempted with a badly formatted or empty phone number Bandwidth drop level 4 The Express L128T S T is dropping a B channel call in order to reduce bandwidth Bandwidth request level 4 The Express L128T S T is dialing another B channel in order to in crease bandwidth Bandwidth Restore level 4 The Express L128T S T is re dialing destination to restore original bandwidth after POTS call bump or unexpected call drop Bearer Info Cap Incorrect level 2 The bearer capability received in an information element from the switch was invalid Bearer Mode Incorrect level 2 The bearer mode received in an information element from the switch was invalid 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 7 Appendix B Log Messages BUSY level 2 Called location was busy Call lost lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T attemptedto retrieve a previously held call but the call was lost for unknown reasons If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Caller ID mismatch level 3 The caller ID number did not match the numbers placed in Configu ration Connection List Authentication parameters Call ID 1 or Call ID 2 CallID 1 in use level 2 An outgoing call on LDN 1 was dumped because it was already busy with a call CallID 2 in use level 2 A outgoing call on LDN 2 was dumped because it was already busy with
90. e routes learned from the peer router are retained if the Configuration Connection List IP RIP Retain option is set to Yes and advertised as if the connection is still active These routes are re ferred to as retained routes Attempts by any connected computer to ac cess a host on any of the retained routes causes the link to be redialed 1 8 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T If Hang Up is activated from the Dial menu when the link is down the retained routes are removed The Express L128T S T can be connected to two WAN destinations at the same time Each B channel is dialed to a different location Routes learned from one WAN destination are advertised to the other using RIP IPX Routing Like IP routing the Express L128T S T can connect to two different sites and exchange IPX packets Network routes and services are learned and advertised using Novell s RIP and SAP Routes and ser vices learned from a separate site can be retained in the Express L128T S T when the connection goes idle While retained the Express L128T S T can spoof RIP SAP and watch dog and filter serialization packets that would normally be required between the Novell server and client Connection List Simplifying and Enhancing the Dial Function The Connection List which is accessed from the Configuration menu provides a location to define information regarding 15 individual des tinations th
91. e security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address for the secondary DNS device Itis used as a back up in case the primary address does not respond to the request IP UDP Relay The Express L128T S T can be configured as a relay agent for UDP broadcast packets Normally a router will not forward UDP broad cast packets However many network applications use UDP broad casts to configure addresses host names and other information If hosts using these protocols are not on the same network segment as the servers providing the information the client programs will not re ceive a response without enabling the UDP relay agent UDP Relay Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When this option is set to On def the Express L128T S T will act as a relay agent 3 18 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation UDP Relay UDP Relay List Up to four relay destination servers can be specified in this list UDP Relay List Relay Address Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the server that will receive the relay packet UDP Relay List UDP Port Type Write security 3 Read security 5 Standard def The following standard UDP protocols are relayed when set DHCP TFTP DNS NTP N etwork Time Protocol port123 NBNS N etBIO Name Server port 137 N BDG N etBIO S Datagram port 138 and Boot Specified W hen set the UDP port 1 to 65535 can be specified in th
92. e that is used to match the user to the Connection List profile During an incoming call the Express L128T S T will scan all active connection profiles and match the received PPP peer s user name If the name is not found then the DEFAULT profile is used 3 40 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation only if the DEFAULT profile has nothing in the Rx Username param eter During an outgoing call this username does not have to match the username reported by the PPP peer Authentication Rx Password Write security 0 Read security 1 This is the password or secret thatis used to authenticate the PPP peer This is only necessary when Configuration Security Authentication Connection List Authentication Caller ID Write security 1 Read security 3 Incoming calls can be verified using the ISDN supplied caller identifi er when this is set to Yes When set to No def the caller identifier is not checked Authentication Call ID 1 Write security 1 Read security 3 The caller identification from the ISDN incoming call is compared to this number starting from the right digits Authentication Call ID 2 Write security 1 Read security 3 The caller identification from the ISDN incoming call is compared to this number starting from the right digits Connection List IP The IP menu contains the parameters for exchanging IP data with the PPP peer Static routes can also be created from h
93. e type can be used at one time 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 21 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation IPX Seed Status Write security 2 Read security 5 The seed status defines what the Express L128T S T is to do with the network information on the selected frame type during startup There are three possible seeding selections specified Seed The Express L128T S T will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router including N ovell software routers residing on servers on the Ethernet seg ment connected to this portand use this number if it exists If it doesn t discover a number in use the Express L128T S T will use the configured IPX network number for the Ethernet segment Non Seed The Express L128T S T will listen for an IPX network def number being sent by another router including N ovell software routers residing on servers on the Ethernet segment connected to this portand use this number if it exists If it doesn t discover a number in use the Express L128T S T will wait indefinitely until a number is sent by another router on the Ethernet segment Auto Seed The Express L128T S T will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router including N ovell software routers residing on servers on the Ethernet seg ment connected to this portand use this number if it exists If it doesn t discover a number in use the Express 11287 S T will auto generate a valid number using i
94. ear end router should also have an IPX network address of 1111 1111 Verify in the bridging table that an entry to the network you are trying to reach is present Verify that the addresses of the hosts you are trying to connect to are on the correct network Try to PING the far end bridge s IP address with the L128T S T s PING utility to verify connection Verify that the host IP network addresses agree with the local router s Ethernet port IP address From a host machine try to PING the far end IP address If un successful perform a trace route operation and see where the ICMP request stopped 6 Layer 3 General IP Routing Troubleshooting Tips A B Check to see that IP Routing is enabled on both the LAN and the WAN connection list of the L128T S T Make sure that the IP and or IPX network numbers are differ ent from the network numbers on the peer router For in stance if the far end has an IP address of 172 16 1 100 with a 255 255 255 0 mask the Ethernet address of the near end rout er should be unique and on a different network e g 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 4 5 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting 172 16 2 101 With IPX the same scenario applies If the far end has an IPX address of 1111 1111 the near end router should also have an IPX network address of 1111 1111 Verify in the IP routing table that an entry to the network you are trying to reach is present and associated with the correct
95. econd number used for dialing a second B channel when adding bandwidth If BACP BAP is negotiated this number is not necessary If this number is not specified and BACP BAP is not used the Number 1 number is re dialed when adding bandwidth Dial Out Call Type Write security 3 Read security 5 The call type can be configured in four different ways Speech Speech directs the call control software to requesta Mu law encoded speech circuit as the bearer capability for the outgoing calls The speech option is used with an ISDN line configured for voice service In some areas voice service costs less than data services A speech call type does not always guarantee an end o end digital connection with some local and long distance carriers Audio Audio directs the call control software to requesta 3 1 kHz audio circuit as the bearer capability for the outgoing calls The audio option is used with an ISDN line configured for voice service In some areas audio service costs less than data services An audio call type does guarantee a digital end to end digital connection 64K def The default call type for ISDN service is Data 64 kbps This directs the call control software to request an unrestricted 64 kbps circuit 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 51 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Dial Out Delay Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the number of seconds between unsuccessful call attempts made during d
96. ectly to the Express L128T S T router Express L128T S T s ethernet port Express L128T S T s first PPP bundle Express L128T S T s second PPP bundle non connected or spoofed route used for dial on demand N umber of times the Express L128T S T has referenced the route N umber of routers that must go through to get to destination Ranges from 0 15 or 16 for infinite can t get there from here 3 70 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation IPX Routes Ticks IPX Routes TTL Router determined value for representing time packets take to reach the network destination One tick is equivalent to one eighteenth of a second Seconds until address is removed from table Value of 999 means route is static Status IPX Servers Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L128T S T s IPX server table IPX Servers Type IPX Servers Name IPX Servers Network IPX Servers Address IPX Servers Socket IPX Servers Hops IPX Servers TTL The server type The server name The server network address The servers node address The servers socket address N umber of routers that must go through to get to server Ranges from 0 15 or 16 for infinite Seconds until address is removed from table Value of 999 means server is static 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 71 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Status WAN Stats Read security 5 Th
97. ed for comparison hexadecimal format Type Msk Bits in the MAC type field used for comparison hexadecimal format 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 33 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Filter Defines Pattern Filter Defines Write security 2 Read security 3 The pattern filter is applied to bridge packets only That is any packet which is forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express L128T S T Up to 32 pattern defines can be specified Name Identifies the filter entry Offset O ffset from beginning of packet of where to start the pattern comparison Pattern 64 bits used for comparison hexadecimal format Mask Bits in the pattern to be compared hexadecimal format Filter Defines IP Filter Defines Write security 2 Read security 3 The IP filter defines apply to any IP packet whether it is routed or bridged Up to 32 IP defines can be specified Name Identifies the filter entry IP Src IP address compared to the source address dotted decimal format Src Mask Bits which are used in the source comparison dotted decimal format IP Dest IP address compared to the destination address dotted decimal format Dest Mask Bits which are used in the destination comparison dotted decimal format Src Port IP source port number used for comparison Range 0 to 65535 decimal format Src Port Cmpr Type of comparison that is performed means ports equal to not means port not equ
98. eering 800 615 1176 Sales 800 827 0807 Post Sale Support Please contact your local distributor first If your local distrib utor cannot help please contact ADTRAN Technical Support and have the unit serial number available Technical Support 888 4ADTRAN Repair and Return If ADTRAN Technical Support determines that a repair is needed Technical Support will coordinate with the Customer and Product Service CAPS department to issue an RMA number For information regarding equipment currently in house or possible fees associated with repair contact CAPS directly at the following number CAPS Department 256 963 8722 RMA Identify the RMA number clearly on the package below ad dress and return to the following address ADTRAN Customer and Product Service 6767 Old Madison Pike Progress Center Building 6 Suite 690 Huntsville Alabama 35807
99. ent is not malfunctioning This unit contains no user serviceable parts An FCC compliant telephone cord with a modular plug is provided with this equipment In addition an FCC com pliant cable appropriate for the dial backup option or dered is provided with this equipment This equipment is designed to be connected to the telephone network or premises wiring using an FCC compatible modular jack which is Part 68 compliant The following information may be required when apply ing to the local telephone company for leased line facili ties Service Type Digital Facility Service Order Network Interface Code Code Jacks ISDN 02185 6 0F RJ 49C To ADTRAN service personnel For continued protection against risk of fire replace F1 with the same type and rating of fuse only 2A 250 V iii FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION RADIO FRE QUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a residential environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio or TV reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on The user is encouraged to try to
100. ere for IP dial on de mand applications 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 41 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation IP Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 Setting to On def permits this connection profile to negotiate PPP IPCP with the PPP peer for exchanging of IP packets IP NAT Write security 3 Read security 5 The Express L128T S T can perform Network Address Translation This feature is most widely used when connecting to the Internet The Ethernet network can consist of private network numbers When this profile is connected all IP addresses on the Ethernet side are translat ed into the one real IP address negotiated with the PPP peer ISP Multiple stations on the Ethernet side can access the Internet simulta neously See the section IP NAT on page 3 16 for more global options Setting this option to On will cause the Express L128T S T to perform NAT In the Off def position the unit will route across the connec tion normally IP Route The IP parameters are configured in this menu Adjusting these pa rameters is only necessary for certain dial on demand applications Usually the Express L128T S T will automatically discover the PPP peer s networks us ing PPP IPCP and or RIP Route IP Net Write security 3 Read security 5 The PPP peer s IP address or network can be set here if known Leaving this at 0 0 0 0 means that the Express L128T S T will determine the PPP peer s IP and networ
101. establish and maintain the routing information that is required by internet routers in order to route data grams from any source socket to any destination socket in the internet Using RTMP internet routers dynamically maintain routing tables to reflect changes in internet topology Glossary 6 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Glossary service advertising protocol SAP An IPX protocol through which network resources such as servers become known to clients serving area Region surrounding a broadcasting station where signal strength is at or above a stated minimum The geographic area handled by a telephone central office facility Generally equivalent to a LATA SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP provides a means to monitor and set network configuration and runtime parameters spanning tree A loop free subset of the topology of a network SPCS Stored Program Controlled Switch A digital switch that sup ports call control routing and supplementary services provi sion under software control All ISDN switches are SPCSs spoofing Spoofing reduces the required bandwidth by having devices such as bridges or routers answer for the remote devices This causes the remote LAN to appear as if it is still connected to the LAN device even though it is not The spoofing saves the WAN bandwidth because no packet is ever sent out on the WAN synchronous 1 The condition occurring when two events happen in a s
102. evel 2 A call attempt was stopped because ISDN layer 1 is down 12 not up level 2 A call attempt was stopped because ISDN layer 2 is down trying to get first TEL LDN TOO LONG level 1 The number in either LDN 1 or LDN 2 is longer than 20 characters NETWORK BUSY level 2 Called location was busy or network could not route call 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 13 Appendix B Log Messages Network down level 4 The ISDN network is unavailable due to layers 1 2 or 3 dropping Network up level 4 The ISDN network layer 3 is up and is ready for calls No calling ID level 2 An incoming call did not provide the caller ID number required for authentication No previous number level 1 An internal error occurred with dial on demand function NOT end2end ISDN level 4 The path that the call was routed over is not ISDN from end to end This is a warning and is most often seen for POTS calls Power Up last down cause lt reason gt level 0 displayed as level 1 after the unit is reset This is the lt reason gt for the last reset Most are caused by internal er rors Possible reasons are Bus Error Bad address occurred on the internal bus Kernel error General operating system error No SBCs Mail resources used up or lost Router stack error Fatal error in protocol stack general panic general error B 14 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages no r
103. figure Sys log Host PPP Log Call Log Network Log Utilities MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Z help 16 59 Figure 3 13 Logs Screen 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 75 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Logs Sys log Host Set this to the IP address or domain name if DNS configured of the sys log host device All log events are sent to this device Logs PPP Log Information pertaining to the PPP negotiation and authentication will be logged here PPP Log Active When set to Yes def PPP events below or equal to the log level are logged into the log PPP Log Wrap When set to Yes def new PPP events will overwrite old PPP events when the log is full All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No PPP Log Level In order to log events they must be at or below this level Range is 0 to 6 The default is 3 PPP Log View This menu displays the log list The fields are as follows Date Time Date and time event occurred Level Level associated with this event 0 6 Message Text message for this event If message is too long to fit on the line another event appears below it continuing the message PPP Log Clear This clears the log when activated 3 76 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Logs Call Log Information pertaining to the call placement and answering over the ISDN
104. fines 3 34 filters setting up 3 55 filters dem dial exceptions 3 58 filters demand dial 3 57 filters in exceptions 3 56 filters LAN to WAN out 3 57 filters out exceptions 3 57 filters WAN to LAN in 3 55 firmware revision 3 9 forward delay 3 27 frame type 3 21 front panel 1 11 G GetNextRequest C 2 H hang up 1 9 hang up 1 8 hello time 3 27 I idle timeout 1 7 IETF 1 13 if the Express L128T S T does not read ready 4 1 if you are unable to connect calls 4 7 indicators LAN 1 11 test 1 11 WAN 1 11 Index 3 Index installation 2 1 interface Ethernet 5 1 network 5 1 POTS dual 5 1 internet connecting to 1 13 internet access using NAT Quick Start 2 internet service provider connecting Quick Start 2 interoperability 1 13 IP filter defines 3 34 IP menu 3 13 IP router 1 6 3 15 IP router mode 3 15 IP routes 3 69 IP routing 1 8 IP stats 3 73 IP default gateway 3 14 IP DNS 3 17 IP IP address 3 13 IP IP router 3 15 IP mode 3 42 IP NAT 3 16 3 42 IP proxy ARP 3 19 IP RIP 3 15 3 44 IP route 3 42 IP static routes 3 14 IP subnet mask 3 13 IP UDP relay 3 18 IPX filter defines 3 35 IPX menu 3 20 IPX protocol Quick Start 6 IPX router 1 6 IPX routes 3 70 IPX routing 1 9 IPX servers 3 71 IPX frame type 3 21 IPX mode 3 20 3 45 61202070L3 20 IPX network 3 21 IPX remote network 3 45 IPX retain 3 46 IPX RIP timer 3 22 IPX SAP timer 3 23 IPX seed status 3 22 IPX triggered 3 46 IPX type 20 packets
105. ggered Write security 2 Read security 5 When set to Yes only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table has changed When setto No def updates are sent periodically RIP version method and direction are determined by the Ethernet pa rameters set in the Configuration IP IP Router RIP menu 3 24 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation WAN IP Bridge Proxy ARP If this option is set to Yes def the Express L128T S T will proxy ARP on the bridge IP port See the section IP Proxy ARP on page 3 19 for an explanation of the proxy ARP function Bridge WAN IPX Bridge When IPX routing is active the Express L128T S T will allow another WAN device to bridge IPX packets to it using PPP BCP Normally two IPX routers would negotiate PPP IPXCP to exchange IPX packets However if a device can only support PPP BCP IPX packets are en capsulated by the device as bridge packets The Express L128T S T can treat the WAN IPX Bridge as a virtual Ethernet port connected only to a WAN device which has negotiated PPP BCP This menu al lows the IPX parameters for this virtual Ethernet to be setup WAN IPX Bridge Network Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the network address of the virtual Ethernet port See IPX Net work on page 3 21 for an explanation of the IPX network number WAN IPX Bridge Frame Type Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the frame type used for the virtual Ethe
106. gotiation and allow the PPP peer to negotiate down to CHAP but not PAP EAP The Express L128T S T will only allow EAP to be negotiated If the PPP peer is not capable of doing EAP then the connection will not succeed Security Filter Defines The Express L128T S T can filter packets based on certain parameters within the packet The method used by the Express L128T S T allows the highest flexibility for defining filters and assigning them to a Con nection List profile The filters are set up in two steps 1 defining the packet types and 2 adding them to a list under the Connection List profile See the section Connection List Filters on page 3 55 for exam ples of how to set up filter profiles This menu is used to define the individual filter defines based on packet type Filter Defines MAC Filter Defines Write security 2 Read security 3 The MAC filter is applied to bridge packets only Bridge packets which are forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express L128T S T are defined here Up to 32 MAC defines can be specified Name Identifies the filter entry Src Addr 48 bit MAC source address used for comparison hexadecimal format Src Mask Bits in the MAC source address which are compared hexadecimal format Dest Addr 48 bit MAC destination address used for comparison hexadecimal format Dest Mask Bits in the MAC destination address used for comparison hexadecimal format MAC Type 16 bit MAC type field us
107. he IP address assigned to the Express L128T S T s Ethernet port is set here This address must be unique within the network Factory de fault is 10 0 0 1 IP Subnet Mask Write security 2 Read security 5 The IP network mask to be applied to the Express L128T S T s Ether net port is set here Factory default is 255 255 255 0 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 13 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation IP Default Gateway Write security 3 Read security 5 The default gateway is used by the Express L128T S T for sending IP packets whose destination address is not found in the route table If this address is all zeros then the first WAN connection becomes the default gateway If the address entered is not on the Ethernet seg ment then an idle route entry is added to the route table IP Static Routes Static Routes can be inserted under this menu Static Routes Active Write security 4 Read security 5 Adds this static route entry to the IP routing table when set to Yes def and removes it if it was previously added if set to No Static Routes IP Address Write security 4 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the host or network address of the network Static Routes Subnet Mask Write security 4 Read security 5 This mask determines the bits in the previous IP address that are used Tf this is to be a host route it must be set to all ones 255 255 255 255 Static Routes Gateway Write sec
108. he ISP using NAT while the other B channel connects to another private or fake network All packets transmitted or received over the ISP connection are translated The Express L128T S T keeps track of the computers that request ser vices over the Internet A web server address can be assigned under the Configuration IP NAT menu that allows incoming HTTP FTP 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 1 13 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T and mail server requests from the Internet to be translated and for warded to this address on the user network Configuration The Express L128T S T is configured using a menu based interface This interface can be accessed via the maintenance port using any asynchronous VT 100 terminal or personal computer running a termi nal emulation program or via the LAN using a Telnet client program To use the Telnet interface the Express L128T S T must first have an IP address programmed into it via the maintenance port The factory default is 10 0 0 1 Security Security on network devices is a major concern for almost anyone with anetwork The Express L128T S T provides many tools for securing the local network from hostile users Incoming calls can be authenti cated using passwords and Caller ID A RADIUS client can also be used The Telnet configuration can also be protected using the same authen tication methods Each menu item in the Express L128T S T has a se
109. he ana log POTS ports on the Express L128T S T model is always available 1 6 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T link idle time out and adding removing of B channels based on traf fic is initially disabled Bridging In Bridge Mode the Express L128T S T can communicate with two re mote networks at a time The destination is dialed by setting up a Connection List profile and choosing Dial on the Dial menu See Con figuration Connection List on page 3 36 for instructions on setting up a Connection List profile During a two B channel PPP Multilink call the Express L128T S T au tomatically drops one B channel and provides it to the POTS port when a telephone call is placed or answered When a POTS telephone call terminates the Express L128T S T redials the second B channel and supplies the bandwidth back to the LAN connection Since other bandwidth management features are disabled in the factory default configuration the dialed links remain active until the Hang up com mand is entered from the Dial menu terminating the session with the selected remote network The Connection List described in the next section may be used to au tomate dialing and to store additional information specific to the re mote site being dialed phone numbers number of B channels to dial authentication information Caller ID etc In addition to reduce line charges Demand Dialing ma
110. ial on demand or during dynamic bandwidth The range is between 0 and 255 with a default of 15 seconds Dial Out Connection Timeout Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the amount of time the Express L128T S T waits for a call to be answered before giving up the attempt Possible values are 15 secs def 30 secs 1 min 2 mins and 4 mins Dial Out Attempis Write security 3 Read security 5 This value is the number of attempts the Express L128T S T will make before giving up on the connection This is effective for manual dialing or dynamic bandwidth calls only The range is from 1 def to 255 Dial Out Initial Channels Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the number of B channels to dial up on the initial connection Possible choices are 1 def and 2 Connection List Bandwidth The bandwidth parameters that govern this connection are set here Bandwidth On Demand The parameters under this menu control the data rates required to change bandwidth 3 52 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Bandw idth Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When this option is set to On the Express L128T S T will apply its bandwidth on demand features for this Connection List pro file If set to Off none are performed Bandw d Idle Timeout Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the number of seconds the ISDN line must be idle before hanging up this connection A value
111. ile use the D key when the cursor is over the number in the Num column Once deleted the profile is permanently removed as soon as the Connection List is saved Items may be deleted when DEL appears below the status bar Connection List Authentication The authentication menu contains the required parameters for the au thentication of the PPP peer and for being authenticated by the PPP peer PPP peer refers to the WAN s far end device e g another rout er or bridge Authentication is applied between the Express L128T S T and the PPP peer as follows 1 The Express L128T S T as the authenticator e When answering an incoming call e Express L128T S T uses PPP method configured in Configuration Security PPP e Authenticatee s username is looked up in all active Connection List profiles Rx Username e If found the Rx Password is used for authenticating e If not found DEFAULT entry s Rx Password is used if Rx Username is blank NOTE 3 38 When answering a call the Express L128T S T does not know who the PPP peer is until the authentication phase is completed Two PPP protocols EAP and CHAP require the authenticator to transmit a username which the authenticatee uses to cross reference the password to use Since the PPP peer is unknown before the authentication phase is over the Express L128T S T uses the Tx Username in the DEFAULT profile to identify itself If Tx Username is blank Configuration System Inf
112. in the Connection List If found the Express L128T S T responds with the profile s Tx Username and Tx Password parameters If not found the DEFAULT profile s Tx Username and Tx Password parameters are used e When originating an outgoing call e The dial out profile Tx Username and Tx Password are used regardless of the PPP peer s username received if PAP CHAP or EAP is used 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 39 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Authentication Tx Method Write security 2 Read security 3 This parameter specifies how the Express L128T S T is to be authenti cated by the PPP peer There are four possible selections See Security PPP on page 3 32 for an explanation of the three PPP standard authen tication types None def The connection will not allow the PPP peer to authenticate it PAP CHAP or The connection can be authenticated using PAP EAP CHAP or EAP CHAP or EAP The connection can be authenticated using CHAP or EAP only EAP The connection will only allow authentication by the peer using EAP Authentication Tx Username Write security 1 Read security 3 This is the username that is used when being authenticated by the PPP peer Authentication Tx Password Write security 0 Read security 1 This is the password or secret that is used when being authenticated by the PPP peer Authentication Rx Username Write security 1 Read security 3 This is the usernam
113. ion a dedicated connection a nailed up connection or a private circuit Leased connection or leased line is used in this manual to rep resent these types of services Interoperability The Express L128T S T is standards based and uses PPP developed by Internet Engineering Task Force IETF PPP provides a standard method of transporting multiprotocol datagrams over point to point links PPP is widely accepted by many ISDN bridge router manufac turers The Express L128T S T will negotiate Multilink PPP when connecting both B channels The Bandwidth Allocation Protocol BAP may also negotiate which enhances the management of adding and removing a B channel Data compression is also supported using LZS technology from hi fn Connecting to the Internet Internet Service Providers ISPs assign an IP address to use when con nected to their service using PPP negotiation This assignment is based on the assumption that the user has an ISDN terminal adapter running PPP async to sync conversion or another rate adaption where the PPP negotiation is terminated inside the PC s IP stack However if an ISDN Ethernet gateway device is used the ISP must preassign the customer a subnet which uses multiple IP addresses This may re sult in a much higher cost to the user The Express L128T S T permits the user to assign any IP address to the unit and computers Operations on the network can occur normal ly In fact one B channel can connect to t
114. ions Satellite Business Systems GTE Telenet GTE Sprint and MCI information element The name for the data fields within an ISDN Layer 3 message 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Glossary 3 Glossary interworking Communication between two types of networks or end equipment This may or may not involve a difference in sig nalling or protocol elements supported Internet Protocol A TCP IP protocol describing software that tracks the Inter net address of nodes routes outgoing message and recogniz es incoming messages Used in gateways to connect networks at OSI network Level 3 and above IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange A Novell NetWare protocol used to move information across networks ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network A network architecture that enables end to end digital connections The network supports diverse services through integrated access arrange ments and defines a limited set of standard multipurpose in terfaces for equipment vendors network providers and customers Interworking with a public switched telephone network is retained jabber An error condition in which a network device continually transmits garbage onto the network In IEEE 802 3 a data packet whose length exceeds that prescribed in the standard jitter The slight movement of a transmission signal in time or phase that can introduce errors and loss of synchronization for high speed synchronous communications See phase
115. ip rip tasks could not start out of memory out of available memory out of TCP ports all TCP ports are used up unknown error unknown fatal error has occurred Set timer error Cannot set real time clock Software Watch Dog Reset Software watchdog was not updated Probe all ports busy level 3 All ports were busy when it was time to probe An attempt will be made on the next probe interval Probe failed level 2 An attempt to connect to a probe site failed Probing lt name gt level 4 The Express L128T S T is making an outgoing call to the destination specified by the description in the Connection List in order to get an update on routes POTS call bump level 4 The Express L128T S T has dropped bandwidth on an existing data call so that a POTS call can be connected Retrieved lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T has retrieved a previously held call If no call er ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 15 Appendix B Log Messages Ring lt number gt level 5 An incoming call from lt number gt was ringing If no caller ID is avail able for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank SOURCE NOT ISDN level 4 The incoming calling party isnot ISDN This is a warning and is most often seen for POTS calls Signal OxNN level 4 A signal information element was received from the ISDN switch w
116. is being negotiated off when the link is active After the link is active B1 flashes green when a call on B1 channel is in progress solid green when a call is connected B2 Flashes green when the link is being negotiated off when the link is active After the link is active B2 flashes green when a call on B2 channel is in progress solid green when a call is connected Test Indicators B1 B2 A slow amber flash indicates testin progress a fast amber flash indicates test has failed gt SS SON A um K k ESUAT us we Figure 1 6 Express L128T S T LEDs 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 1 11 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T Rear Panel The Express L128T S T has one RJ 45 jack labeled ISDN on the rear panel for network connection see Figure 1 7 There are two sets of switches on the back panel The TO HUB TO NIC switch allows the Express L128T S T to connect directly to a Network Interface Card NIC or a HUB without the need for special cabling The OFF ON switch block is for factory default firmware downloading S T bus termination and A LAW u LAW Pots tone selection With switch 1 in the up or OFF position the L128T S T will go immediately into a download mode when power is enabled Switch 1 must be in the down or ON postition in order to boot up normally Switch 2 in the up or OFF position will force the entire configuration to be factory de f
117. is menu contains generic WAN statistics on both B channel HDLC hardware ports HDLC Port 1 Tx Bytes total number of raw bytes sent out HDLC port 1 Rx Bytes total number of raw bytes received in HDLC port 1 Rx CRCs total number of CRC errors detected on HDLC port 1 HDLC Port 2 Tx Bytes total number of raw bytes sent out HDLC port 2 Rx Bytes total number of raw bytes received in HDLC port 2 Rx CRCs total number of CRC errors detected on HDLC port 2 Clear Counts W hen activated clears all WAN stat counts Status LAN Stats Read security 5 This menu contains statistics for the Ethernet port Tx Packets Packets transmitted out the Ethernet port Rx Packets Packets received from the Ethernet port Tx Errors Total transmit errors encountered on Ethernet port Single Collisions total single collisions before successful transmission Multiple Collisions total multiple collisions before successful transmission Excessive Collisions total collisions that resulted in packet being dropped Deferred total packets deferred due to collisions Transmissions Carrier Sense total carrier sense errors encountered no link Errors integrity 3 72 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Rx Errors Total packets received in error and dropped CRCs total packets detected with CRC errors Giants total packets received that were greater than 1518 bytes Runts total packets received that were less than
118. is not supplied by the central office switch NOTE Network Address Translation Mode NAT is a special mode of operation in which the Express L128T S T obtains a dynamically assigned IP address from the peer router typi cally an Internet Service Provider This allows a network of comput ers to benefit from Ethernet to ISDN speeds while still appearing to the Internet Service Provider or central site router as a single IP ad dress which is typical of PC based serial dial up solutions A call is initiated to the ISP using the Dial menu or demand for a Con nection List profile that has the IP parameter NAT set to Yes The net work computer s IP stack may use DHCP to request an IP address default gateway address and domain name server addresses from the Express L128T S T 1 10 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T Front Panel Figure 1 6 on page 1 11 shows the front panel of the Express L128T S T The indicators are divided into LAN WAN and Test functions LAN Indicators TX RX Flashes green when transmitting data onto the 10BaseT connector Flashes yellow when receiving data from the 10BaseT connector LI Link integrity Illuminates when there is a good connection between the Express L128T S T and the Hub NIC card WAN Indicators PWR Flashes when the link is deactivated or disconnected solid when the link is active B1 Flashes green when the link
119. ith the value NN in hexadecimal Transfer lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T has transferred the held call with the active call If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Transfer Rej lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T attempted to transfer but was rejected by the ISDN switch If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt num ber gt will be blank for incoming calls B 16 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages NETWORK LOG MESSAGES Attempting to add bad IP iface route ifnum lt inter gt dest lt ip gt level 4 An IP address lt ip gt could not be used for the interface number lt in ter gt DHCP couldn t alloc mem level 1 A DHCP response could not be generated due to memory allocation problems DHCP response sent level 4 A DHCP response was successfully sent to requesting device DHCP socket failed level 1 Internal error occurred when attempting to start DHCP server DHCP Host not added to ARP table level 2 The DHCP server could not add requesting host to ARP table Installing bad default route ifnum lt inter gt metric lt hops gt gw lt ip gt level 6 The Express L128T S T did not install a default route because the lt in ter gt or lt hops gt was zero 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual B 17 Appendix B Log Messages Rejecting packet with Source Ro
120. ivator is used when the configurable items in this menu are complete Once started the Express L128T S T will prompt for erasing the flash When the flash is erased and the upgrade transfer fails do not turn off the unit Retry the transfer until successful Otherwise if power is removed before upgrade has finished the upgrade will have to occur from the maintenance NOTE port using XMODEM If this happens set a PC terminal emulation program to 9600 baud and attach to the Express L128T S T s maintenance port Press Return to display a simple terminal menu for upgrading This menu appears when the flash code has been erased or is corrupt The menu will also appear if you power up with switch 1 in the UP position Upgrade Abort Transfer Use this activator to cancel any TFTP transfer in progress Upgrade TFTP Server Setting this to Yes allows another Express L128T S T to upgrade its code using TFTP client This in effect turns on the Express L128T S T TFTP server function and allows its code to be cloned Setting to No def will deny any request from TFTP clients Utilities Exit Write security 5 Read security 5 Activating this feature will exit the terminal session from the mainte nance port or telnet Itis equivalent to the key combination Control L 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 81 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation 3 82 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting
121. jitter LATA Local Access and Transport Area One of 161 local telephone serving areas in the United States generally encompassing the largest standard statistical metropolitan areas Subdivi sions established as a result of the AT amp T divestiture that now distinguish local from long distance service Circuits with both end points within the LATA intraLATA are generall the sole responsibility of the local telephone company ile circuits that cross outside the LATA interLATA are passed on to an interexchange carrier loopback A diagnostic procedure where data is sent to the device being tested and the output of the device is fed directly back to its input looped around and the returning data is checked against that which was sent Glossary 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Glossary Media Access Control MAC As defined by the IEEE the lower of the two sublayers of the OSI reference model data link layer The MAC sublayer is concerned with media access issues such as whether token passing or contention is used message The Layer 3 information that is passed between the CPE and SPCS for signalling multipoint line A communications line having multiple cable access points Name Binding Protocol NBP The AppleTalk transport level protocol that translates a char acter string name into the internet address of the correspond ing socket client NBP enables AppleTalk protocols to understand user defined zones a
122. k using the PPP IPCP 3 42 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Route Netmask Write security 3 Read security 5 This network mask is applied to the IP NET address for deter mining the PPP peer s network If left as 0 0 0 0 a standard net work mask is used Route Static Route Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes def the Express L128T S T will add the net work defined above as an idle route in the IP routing table When an IP packet is routed to this idle route the Express L128T S T will dial using this profile When set to No an idle route is not placed in the table Yes is necessary for dial on demand applications if the probe feature is not used Route Private Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes the Express L128T S T will not advertise this static route entry A setting of No def means any static route added for this profile is advertised using RIP Route Hops Write security 3 Read security 5 This value is the metric or number of hops that RIP will use in advertising the static route The range is from 1 to 16 where 1 is the default The value 16 is considered an infinite distance in RIP and is in effect poisoning the route Route Force IP Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes the Express L128T S T will force the PPP peer to use the IP address in the IP Net for this profile as its WAN IP address Forcing this t
123. l 5 A phone on the Express L128T S T POTS port is dialing Disconnect lt number gt level 5 A call from or to lt number gt was disconnected If no caller ID is avail able for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Dump lt number gt level 5 A call or call attempt to or from lt number gt has been refused If no call er ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Dump call level 3 The Express L128T S T has dropped an incoming call because it was busy with calls FarDN lt number gt level 5 This is far end directory number for an incoming call Hangup lt number gt level 5 A call from or to lt number gt was hung up If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls B 12 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages Hold lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T has placed a call on hold If no caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Hold Reject lt number gt level 5 The Express L128T S T attempted to put a call on hold and it was re jected by the ISDN switch Ifno caller ID is available for the ISDN line then lt number gt will be blank for incoming calls Idle timeout level 4 The Express L128T S T s idle timer has expired and the current ses sion has dropped L1 not up l
124. l Screen Dial Description Read security 5 This read only field is the name entered for the profile under Config uration Connection List Description Dial Dial Write security 4 Read security 5 This is an activator used for dialing the phone numbers in the profile Place the cursor over the field and press Enter to activate the dialing function 3 64 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Dial Hang Up Write security 4 Read security 5 This is an activator used for hanging up a Connection List entry It also removes retained routes from the IP and IPX routing tables when the call is not connected Place the cursor over the field and press Enter to activate the hang up function Dial Status Read security 5 This reflects the current status of the call No call No call is active for this Connection List profile Connecting O utgoing call is being placed for this profile Ringing Incoming call is being answered with this profile PPP negotiating Call is connected and is bringing up PPP Active A session with this profile is active Dial Channels Read security 5 This is the number of B channels being used for this call Dial Number 1 Read security 5 This read only field is the number entered for the profile under Con figuration Connection List Dial Out Number 1 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 65 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Dial Nu
125. l only respond to ARP requests received for its own IP address Configuration IPX The IPX menu is used to set up the IPX parameters for the Express L128T S T Any general IPX related configuration item can be found under this menu Figure 3 5 shows the IPX menu Express L128T Conf igurat ion IPX System Info Mode On Network 66 66 66 66 Frame Type Ether Type II Seed Status Non Seed RIP Timer 16 186 68 SAP Timer 16 186 69 Connection List Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Figure 3 5 Configuration IPX Screen IPX Mode Write security 2 Read security 5 When this option is set to On def the Express L128T S T will route IPX Setting it to Off will disable all IPX functionality 3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation IPX Network Write security 2 Read security 5 The IPX network address for the Ethernet port is set here This is an eight digit hexadecimal value that uniquely identifies the network segment of the Ethernet port Accidental selection of an IPX network which is already in use on another network segment may cause hard to diagnose problems IPX network numbers should be carefully tracked IPX Frame Type Write security 2 Read security 5 The Express L128T S T supports all four defined IPX frame types The possible frame types are Ether Type II def Ether 802 3 Raw Ether 802 2 or Ether SNAP 802 2 SNAP Only one fram
126. le 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 45 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation The Express L128T S T normally will treat the WAN network as an unnumbered link This is usually referred to as being a half router However a PPP peer which wants to assign a network address to the WAN link can do so in which case the Express L128T S T will go into full router mode IPX Triggered Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the routing or service table has changed and learned routes are not aged When set to No def updates are sent periodically based on the RIP and SAP timers setin Configuration IPX RIP Timer and Con figuration IPX SAP Timer IPX Retain Write security 3 Read security 5 When this Connection List entry is disconnected and this parameter is set to Yes all routes learned from this WAN connection are retained and their routing interface is set to idle This permits dial on demand to occur using this profile for any IPX network or service that might have been advertised by the particular PPP peer The idle routes can be flushed or zombied from the routing table if a manual hangup is performed when this WAN connection is not active See Dial Hang up When this Connection List entry is disconnected and this parame ter is set to No def IPX routes and services learned from this session are zombied and are not retained IPX Type
127. lly route and service tables are exchanged immediately after connection However some routers could wait until their regu lar RIP or SAP time period has been reached before they advertise their routes or services to the Express L128T S T The value is in sec onds and ranges from 5 to 180 The default is 5 seconds and assumes that a routing update is received upon connection Connection List PPP The Express L128T S T supports the IETF standards for the Point to Point Protocol The PPP state machine running in the Express L128T S T can be fine tuned to support many applications that can be em ployed The configurable items under this menu can be changed from their default values for special cases PPP Multilink Multilink PPP allows the two B channels to be used together for in creased bandwidth 3 48 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Multilink Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When this item is set to On def Multilink PPP is negotiated with the PPP peer When Off the Express L128T S T will only allow one B channel for this connection Multilink Fragment Write security 3 Read security 5 When this item is set to Yes def the Express L128T S T will split outgoing packets greater than 128 bytes into two Multilink fragments and simultaneously transmit them one per B channel The receiving PPP peer will then reassemble them This decreases the transport delay However
128. lternating current components in a telecommunications network point to point protocol PPP An implementation of TCP IP which is intended for trans mission using telephone lines PPP provides router to router and host to network connections over both synchronous and asynchronous circuits poison routes Routes which have an infinite metric which to other routers means the network for the route is inaccessible PRA Primary Rate Access Connects high capacity CPE such as PBXs to the network In the US this is composed of twenty three 64 kbps channels and one 64 kbps D channel Also known as Primary Rate Interface PRI RIP Routing Information Protocol A protocol used to exchange one eran among a set of computers connected by a LAN RIP uses hop counts as a routing metric router An interface which finds the best route between two net works Routers forward packets from one network to anoth er based on network layer information routing metric The method by which a routing algorithm determines one route is better than another This information is stored in routing tables Such tables include reliability delay band width load MTUs communication costs and hop count RS 232 C An ElA specified physical interface with associated electrical signalling between DCE and DTE The most commonly em ployed interface between computer devices and modems RTMP Routing Table Maintenance Protocol The AppleTalk proto col used to
129. mA loop current each at 8 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 4 phones 16 mA loop current each at 8 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Supports 3 phones 21 mA loop current each at 8 ft 24 AWG 5 mm Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 5 Specifications Display Available through terminal interface or Telnet session Environmental e Operating Temperature 0 50 C e Storage Temperature 20 70 C e Relative Humidity Up to 95 non condensing Physical e Dimensions 1 625 H x 9 0 W x 6 375 D e Weight 2 5 lbs Power e 120 VAC 60 Hz 7 5 W typical dissipation with POTS 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 5 3 Chapter 5 Specifications 5 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 AppendixA Loop Status Messages The Express L128T S T displays current loop status of the ISDN on the bottom center line of the terminal screen The following messages are defined as follows CALL lt number gt The Express L128T S T is dialing the number Call Connect B1 Bearer channel B1 is active with a call Call Connect B2 Bearer channel B2 is active with a call Call Connect B1 B2 Bearer channels B1 and B2 are active with a call Connected 64K 2X64K 128K 144K When the Express L128T S T is in leased mode this will appear when the link s layer 1 is up The rate is determined by what it is configured for under Configuration WAN ISDN Leased Rate DISCONNECTING A call is in the process of being disconnected
130. mber 2 Read security 5 This read only field is the number entered for the profile under Con figuration Connection List Dial Out Number 2 STATUS MENU The Express L128T S T s Status menu contains comprehensive status and diagnostic information used in verifying configuration and iden tifying problems The menus are divided into protocol types and ses sions Figure 3 11 shows the Status menu Express Li28T Status Configuration Call Sessions ARP Cache Bridge Table IP Routes IPX IPX Se WAN Stats utes Utilities ers LAN Stats IP Stats IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down Bi Idle B2 Idle Z he lp 10 57 Figure 3 11 Status Screen Status Call Sessions This menu contains the current status of all dial in sessions and span ning tree ports 3 66 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Call Sessions Session1 and Call Sessions Session2 Read security 5 The Express L128T S T can support up to two active connections at one time These two menus reflect the results of PPP negotiations user name time connected idle timer and data rates for the session PPP Links Reflects LCP layers active BCP Shows UP if PPP Bridge Control Protocol has negotiated successfully IPCP Shows UP if PPP IP Control Protocol has negotiated successfully IPXCP Shows UP if PPP IPX Control Protocol has negotiated successfully CCP Shows UP if P
131. n atthe CO switch or the network setup in the Express L128T S T Local voice calls can be transmitted but data calls to the same exchange cannot Local data calls go through but long distance data calls do not The line is probably not set up to support data calls Ensure the far end is working If not already doing so place the call explicitly specifying the prefix of the long distance service for example 10288 for AT amp T If this does not work then most likely the problem is that the long distance service provider is not providing long distance access Single B channel calls can be channel calls cannot made but two B There is most likely a problem in the software setup translation at the CO switch or the network setup in the Express L128T S T Check with the local service provider to ensure that the line supports two data calls The Express L128T S T status log buffer shows the sequence of events that occurred You need to know which piece of equipment first caused the Multilink PPP process to terminate The status logs from both ends may be necessary to determine this 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 4 7 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting 4 8 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapters Specifications SPECIFICATIONS AND FEATURES This section describes the standard specifications and features incor porated in the Express L128T S T Network Interface
132. n in compatible You must confirm all pastes except those to a single editable field For certain types of fields when you paste information into the field the value increments by 1 For certain types of fields when you paste information into the field the value decrements by 1 Inserts a new item in a list For example add a new item to the Connection List by pressing I while the cursor is over the index number Deletes a list item For example delete an item from the Connection List by pressing D while the index number is active 3 6 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Security Levels Each menu item on the configuration screens has an associated secu rity level The security level ranges from 0 highest security level to 5 lowest security level This level determines whether a Telnet session can access that menu item The Telnet session is assigned a security level set by the user Passwords can only be accessed as security level 0 The maintenance port is always at security level 0 The security levels are assigned as follows Level Description 0 Access all parameters including passwords 1 Access all parameters except passwords 2 Access all parameters except passwords and authentication methods 3 Access all parameters except passwords authentication methods and ISDN parameters 4 Access only testand status menus 5 Access status menus only
133. nd device names by provid ing and maintaining translation tables that map these names to corresponding socket addresses NAT Network Address Translation occurs at the borders of stub domains Its purpose is to translate the IP address of passing packets by changing all references of one IP address to anoth er Translation is performed as per RFC 1631 netmask A 32 bit bit mask which shows how an Internet address is to be divided into network subnet and host parts The netmask has ones in the bit positions in the 32 bit address which are to be used for the network and subnet parts and zeros for the host part The mask should contain at least the standard net work portion as determined by the address s class and the subnet field should be contiguous with the network portion non ISDN line Any connection from a CPE to a SPCS that is not served by D Channel signalling non ISDN trunk Any trunk not served by either SS7 or D Channel signalling NT1 Network Termination 1 A unit that provides physical and electromagnetic termination of the U interface 2 wire trans mission line converts between Layer 1 formats used at the U and T reference points and performs some maintenance functions 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Glossary 5 Glossary phase jitter In telephony the measurement in degrees out of phase that an analog signal deviates from the reference phase of the main data carrying signal Often caused by a
134. nt occurred Level Level associated with this event 0 6 Message Text message for this event If message is too long to fiton the line another event appears below it continuing the message Network Log Clear This clears the log when activated 3 78 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation UTILITIES MENU The Express L128T S T has utilities embedded in it to help manage and test the network and to facilitate software upgrades Figure 3 14 shows the Utilities menu Express Li28T Utilities Configuration Ping i Telnet Client Upgrade Menu Exit lt MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down Bi Idle B2 Idle Z help 11 00 Figure 3 14 Utilities Screen Utilities Ping Write security 4 Read security 5 The ping menu is used to send ICMP ping messages to hosts The fol lowing items are under this menu Start Stop Activator to startand cancel a ping test Host Address P address or domain name if DN S is configured of device to receive the ping Size Total size of ping to send Range is 40 def to 1500 bytes of Packets Total packets to send every two seconds of Transmits Total packets sent read only of Receives Total packets received read only Loss Percentage loss based on ping returned form host read only 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 79 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Utilities Telnet Client Write security
135. o System Name is used If that is blank then the word ADTRAN is used Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation e When originating an outgoing call e Express L128T S T uses PPP method configured in Configuration Security PPP e Authenticatee s i e WAN far end device username is compared to the profile used to dial e Authenticating with RADIUS e When Configuration Security Authentication is set to Radius authentication is performed by a RADIUS server on the near end LAN e The Express L128T S T uses the DEFAULT Connection List profile for all other parameters not supported by RADIUS attributes e RADIUS attributes currently supported are framed ip framed netmask framed ipx network framed routing framed compression and idle timeout 2 The Express L128T S T as the authenticatee e When answering an incoming call e If the Configuration Security Authentication parameter is set to None the DEFAULT profile s Tx Username and Tx Password are used by the Express L128T S T for authenticating itself with the PPP peer e If the Configuration Security Authentication parameter is set to Connection List or RADIUS the Express L128T S T will wait until the PPP peer is authenticated before authenticating itself with the PPP peer except when CHAP or EAP is used If CHAP or EAP is used the username transmitted by the PPP peer s authentication challenge packet is looked up
136. o Yes may cause the connection to fail if the peer doesn t agree to the address Normally this is set in the No def position 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 43 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation IP RIP The RIP parameters can be adjusted from their defaults under this menu The RIP parameters for all WAN connections are set on a per session basis 3 44 RIP Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 The Express L128T S T performs RIP over the WAN connection when this is set to On def RIP Protocol Write security 3 Read security 5 The Express L128T S T performs version 1 V1 def or version 2 V2 of RIP on this WAN connection RIP Method Write security 3 Read security 5 Split Horizon Poison Reverse def None Only routes not learned on the WAN connection are advertised on the WAN All routes are advertised on the WAN including routes learned from the WAN connection These routes are poisoned All routes are advertised on the WAN including routes learned from the WAN connection No attemptis made to poison these routes RIP Direction Write security 3 Read security 5 Tx and Rx def RIP advertisements are transmitted and listened to Tx only Rx only on the WAN connection RIP advertisements are transmitted and not listened to on the WAN RIP advertisements are listened to but not transmitted on the WAN Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L
137. oading As soon as the upload has been completed type save to save the new configuration to flash A reset command or power cycle 10 seconds after the save command is recommended to ensure that the new configuration is complete 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User M anual E 3 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands E 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Glossary 10Base2 IEEE 802 3 specification similar to Ethernet using thin coaxi al cable that runs at 10 Mbps with a maximum distance of 185 meters per segment Also known as Thin Ethernet or Thin wire Ethernet 10BaseT IEFE 802 3 specification using unshielded twisted pair ca bling and running at 10 Mbps AEP AppleTalk Echo Protocol Allows a node on an AppleTalk network to send a packet to another node and in return re ceive an echoed copy of the packet B Channel 64 keps bearer channel used for voice circuit or packet switched data bearer service As defined by CCITT standards a type of telecommunication service that provides the capabiltta for the transmission of in formation between user to network interfaces Bearer servic es defined for ISDN are circuit mode and packet mode BOOTP The Bootstrap Protocol allows a network node to determine certain startup information such as its IP address Bridge A data communications device that connects two or more net works A bridge stores and forwards complete packets be tween the networks B
138. of 0 def means the Express L128T S T will never drop the link based on the idle timer The range is 0 to 255 Bandw idth Preempt Time Write security 3 Read security 5 Occasionally an application will require to connect to a different location before the current connection s idle timer has timed out This causes the application to have to wait for idle timer before it can use the B channel This preempt time allows the Connection List that is active to be dropped sooner than the normal idle time The value ranges from 0 to 255 and is in seconds When bandwidth is needed for another application the idle timer is compared to this preempt time If the idle timer is greater the connection is preempted If set to 255 def the connection is never preempted If set to 0 the connection is disconnected immediately when another application is requested Bandw idth Upper Threshold Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the percentage of bandwidth that must be at least present on one B channel before a second B channel is added The range is 0 to 100 and is in percentages The default is 80 percent which is equivalent to 51 2 kbps See the section Bandwidth Samples below for more information on how the bandwidth rate is cal culated 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 53 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Bandw idth Low er Threshold Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the percentage of maximum bandwidth
139. only causes the Express L128T S T to dial using this Connection List profile if there is a match in the Filters Dem Dial Exceptions W hen connected in any mode Bridge IP Router or IPX router the idle timer is always reset except when there is a match in the Filters Dem Dial Exceptions list W hen not connected in Bridge mode only causes the Express L128T S T to dial using this Connection List profile if there isNOTa match in the Filters Dem Dial Exceptions list Filters Dem Dial Exceptions Write security 2 Read security 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter entries The setup is exactly the same as the Filter In Exceptions list 3 58 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Configuration Management The Express L128T S T can be managed using Telnet Simple Net work Management Protocol SNMP or the maintenance port SNMP support is limited to MIB definitions See SNMP on page C 1 for a de scription of the MIBs supported by the Express L128T S T Each of the three methods can be protected using authentication Figure 3 9 shows the Configuration Management menu Express L128T Conf igurat ion Management System Info Telnet C WAN SNMP IP Maint Port IPX Br idge Security Connection List MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Z he Ip 17 41_ Figure 3 9 Configuration Management Screen Management Telnet Any telnet client application
140. opriate user profile for an incoming call Make sure that a profile has been entered under Configuration Connection List or that a default profile exists A de fault profile is one which has the name DEFAULT in the description field CCP lt X gt down level 5 Compression Control Protocol port lt X gt has been dropped between Express L128T S T and PPP peer CCP lt X gt up level 5 Compression Control Protocol port lt X gt has been successfully negoti ated between Express L128T S T and PPP peer CHAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express L128T S T s username and or password used for authenticating Check to make sure the Configu ration Connection List Authentication parameters Tx Method Tx Username and Tx Password are correct EAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express L128T S T s username and or password used for authenticating Check to make sure the Configu B 2 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages ration Connection List Authentication parameters Tx Method Tx Username and Tx Password are correct IPCP lt X gt down level 5 IP Control Protocol port lt X gt has been dropped between Express L128T S T and PPP peer IPCP lt X gt up level 5 IP Control Protocol port lt X gt has been successfully negotiated be tween Express L128T S T and PPP peer IPXCP lt X gt down level 5 IPX Control Protocol port lt X gt h
141. ork TSO Ue sce tias International Standardization Organization TS Piti Internet Service Provider 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Acronyms 1 Acronyms Kbps Kilobits per second KHz ss Kilohertz LAN 0d Local Area Network 8 ei LE Link Control Protocol DING escent Local Directory Number MAC Le Media Access Control MTB steiere Management Information Base MP cris Multilink Protocol MRU asias Maximum Receivable Unit MRRU 0000 Maximum Receivable Reconstructable Unit NBR iaa Name Binding Protocol NEBE Near End Block Errors NIG rra et cies Network Interface Card NIETS aono National ISDN 1 N KEE ians Network Termination PBX EE Private Branch Exchange lig O EE Personal Computer PIN Giessen Packet InterNet Groper POTS neinna Plain Old Telephone Service PRP oane Point to Point Protocol PRD RE Primary Rate Interface REC unicos Request For Comments RIP eenas Routing Information Packet Routing Infor mation Protocol RIME Routing Table Maintenance Protocol SAP EE Service Advertising Protocol SNMP oooi Simple Network Monitoring Protocol SPES aeii Stored Program Controlled Switching System SPID inicia nas Service Profile Identifier Dh ei LEE Transmission Control Protocol TEL Terminal Endpoint Identifier GR NN LEE Trivial File Transfer Protocol UD Putitas User Datagram Protocol WAN Wide Area Network KA ias Zone Information Protocol Acronyms 2 Express L128T S T User Manual 6
142. oss the line pair G With a minimum of extra wiring try connecting to the line pair at the point where the service provider s wiring ends Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting H With the Express L128T S T connected to the line and pow ered up talk to your service provider s repair group and in form them that your ISDN basic rate line has a physical Layer 1 problem Ask them to check the line 4 Ifthe Loop Status in the Express L128T S T Status menu continu ously reads Getting TEI 1 then the Express L128T S T is physi cally connected to your local telephone service provider but is unable to establish logical layer 2 The problem is in one or more of the places listed below e The Express L128T S T software setup e The telephone service provider s software setup e Hardware configuration if the line is extended from the switch To isolate the problem perform the following procedure A Ensure the Express L128T S T is setup for the correct switch type B If possible try another piece of functioning ISDN equipment with an S T interface on the line C With the Express L128T S T connected to the line and pow ered up talk to your service provider s repair group and tell them you have an ISDN basic rate line that appears physical ly okay but has no terminal endpoint identifier TED Ask them to check the line translation and ensure that the line sup ports dynamic TEI allocation
143. pe cific time relationship with each other both under control of a master clock 2 A method of data transmission requiring the transmission of timing pulses to keep the sender and re ceiver synchronized in their communication used to send blocks of information Synchronous data transmission is used in high speed data circuits because there is less overhead than asynchronous transmission of characters which contain two extra bits per character to effect timing T1 Also T 1 A digital transmission link with a capacity of 1 544 Mbps T1 uses two pairs of normal twisted wires T1 normal ly can handle 24 voice conversations with each conversation being digitized at 64 kbps With more advanced digital voice encoding techniques it can handle more voice channels T1 is a standard for digital transmission in North America 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Glossary 7 Glossary TA TE1 Telnet TCP IP Terminal Adaptor A DCE that connects to the ISDN S Inter face and enables non ISDN terminal equipment to communi cate over the ISDN Terminal Equipment Type 1 ISDN compatible terminals The TCP IP standard protocol for remote terminal connec tion service Telnet allows a user at one site to interact with a remote timesharing system at another site as if the user s ter minal were connected directly to the remote machine Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol A set of protocols developed by the Department of
144. port ETHO or WANO Try to PING the far end router s IP address with the L128T S T s PING utility to verify connection Verify that the host IP network addresses agree with the local router s Ethernet port IP address From a host machine try to PING the far end IP address If un successful perform a trace route operation and see where the ICMP request stopped 7 Layer 3 General IPX Routing Troubleshooting Tips A Check to see that IP Routing is enabled on both the LAN and B 4 6 the WAN connection list of the L128T S T Make sure that the IPX network numbers are different from the network numbers on the peer router For instance if the far end has an IPX address of 1111 1111 the near end router should have a different IPX network address e g 2222 2222 Verify in the IPX routing table that an entry to the network you are trying to reach is present and associated with the cor rect port ETHO or WANO Verify in the IPX SAP table that an entry to the server you are trying to reach is present and associated with the correct port ETHO or WANO Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO CONNECT CALLS See Table 4 1 for corrective actions if you cannot connect calls Table 4 1 Troubleshooting Calls Condition Corrective Action The PW R LED remains on but calls cannot be placed M ost likely a problem exists in the software setup translatio
145. ppendix C SNMP Understanding SN MP As Local Area Network LAN environments became standardized over the past ten years multi vendor equipment grew with competi tion It became necessary to manage the various vendor equipment from a single control console Thus the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP emerged as the de facto standard for managing com mercial Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP networks The term SNMP broadly refers to the message protocols used to ex change information between the network and the managed devices as well as to the structure of network management databases SNMP has three basic components e Network Manager This is a control program that collects controls and presents data pertinent to the operation of the network devices It resides on a network management station e Agent This is a control program that responds to queries and commands from the network manager and returns requested information or invokes configuration changes initiated by the manager It resides in each network device connected e MIB This is an index to the organized data within a network device It defines the operating parameters that can be controlled or monitored When requesting the network manager to retrieve or modify a partic ular piece of information about a network device the network manag er transmits the request to that network device The agent in that device interprets the incoming
146. press L128T S T permits up to eight communities to be de fined The privilege level of each community can be set The default community is public with read only privileges When the IP address is all zeros any manager of the community can access the Express L128T S T Traps Up to four hosts can be set to receive traps Each host entry requires an IP address of the manager 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual C3 Appendix C SNMP C 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 AppendixD Connector Pinouts Table D 1 IBM AT Style ElA 232 Interface Pin Name I O Description 1 CD N C Carrier Detect 2 RD 0 Receive Data ElA 232 3 TD l Transmit Data JO 4 DTR N C Data Terminal Ready 5 GND N A Signal G round 6 DSR N C Data Set Ready 7 RTS l Request to Send 8 CTS 0 Clear to Send 9 RI N C Ring Indicator I Input O Output N A Not Applicable N C Not Connected 6120207013 20 Table D 2 RJ 45 ISDN ISDN Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Tx Positive Rx Positive Rx N egative Tx N egative Express L128T S T User Manual D 1 Appendix D Connector Pinouts Table D 3 RJ 11 POTS PHONE Pin 3 Pin 4 Ring Tip Table D 4 10BaseT Ethernet Switch Position TO NIC TO HUB Pin 1 TX1 RX1 10BT Pin 2 1X2 RX2 Pin 3 RX1 TX1 Pin 6 RX2 TX2 The switch position can be set for either TO NIC or TO HUB NOTE ou th
147. r Defines 3 33 Filter Defines Pattern Filter Defines 3 34 Filter Defines IP Filter Defines 3 34 Filter Defines IPX Filter Defines oo oo o 3 35 Configuration Connection List 3 36 Connection List Description 3 37 Connection List ActiVe serp cererea irp e CeRi akp eVe EKLS 3 37 Connection List Authentication 3 38 Authentication Tx Method 3 40 Authentication Tx Username 3 40 Authentication Tx Password oo ooooooooooooo oo 3 40 Authentication Rx Username 3 40 Authentication Rx Password o ooooooooooomoo 3 41 Authentication CallerID 0 000 000 cece eee 3 41 Authentication CallID1 o oo ooooooooo o o 3 41 Authentication CallID2 0 0 00 3 41 Connection List IP 0 00 0 ccc eee eee 3 41 IP Mode ix ar Ee Biss eee BA 3 42 IEN ME 3 42 IP ROUTE EEN 3 42 Route IP Net oo o oocooccococnor eens 3 42 Route Netmask 0 0 0 0 r a E eee 3 43 Route Static Route 0 0 eee 3 43 Route Private Ac ii Seed a dt ee Pes 3 43 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual xiii Table of Contents xiv ROUtE OPS coc e d 3 43 R oute ForcellP e eee eee E 3 43 TP RUS soe vie arcsec EE A e E 3 44 RIP Modernisacibovsisrsaiala A e AE 3 44 RIPLPrOtOCOL Louis is ta 3 44 RIP Method ist nr sad AEN ee Sr 3 44 RIR ZLkHreebem Ee once Ee tae Sete Ee 3 44 RIP Triggered Coti ple res ee Ee Eed 3 45 RIP REGAIN
148. re use the right arrow to move to the On Demand submenu 20 Set the Mode parameter to On This enables the dynamic band width features of the Express L128T S T 21 Select the Idle Timeout parameter and enter the number of sec onds the Express L128T S T should wait before hanging up the connection when no traffic is present A value of 120 seconds is typical A value of 0 means never idle the link 22 All the parameters for this Connection List profile are complete To save them press the left arrow to get to the top main menu when Save Connection List changes appears enter y 23 Set up the computer workstation s IP and IPX parameters as instructed by the network administrator The Express L128T S T s IP address should be the computer s default gateway When the computer which is attached to the local LAN attempts to ac cess a host on the access server the Express L128T S T will dial the number provided in the Connection List profile The Express L128T S T will provide one of two B channels based on traffic demand and POTS port usage If no packet traffic is transmitted or received for the specified number of seconds the Express L128T S T will disconnect the link until a computer on the local LAN again attempts to access a host on the access server 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Quick Start 5 Quick Startup Guide If Novell s IPX protocol is being used the link must be dialed first in the Dial menu to
149. request performs the requested task and sends its response to the network manager The network manag 6120207013 20 Express L128T S T User Manual C 1 Appendix C SNMP er collects all the data from the various network devices and presents itin a consistent form Using SNMP Version 1 the network manager can issue three types of commands GetRequest This command retrieves a single item or the first in a series from a network device GetNextRequest This command retrieves the next item in a series from a network device SetRequest This command writes information to a network device The network device issues two types of messages GetResponse This message is the response to a network manager GetRequest or GetNextRequest command Trap This is an unsolicited message issued by a network device to report an operational anomaly or an alarm condition to the network manager These messages are typically encased within informational packets and transported over the LAN or WAN SN MP Embedded Agent The Express L128T S T supports the following groups from MIB II RFC 1213 C 2 System Group UDP Group Interfaces Group ICMP Group Address Translation Group IP Group TCP Group Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix C SNMP Also the Ethernet transmission MIB is supported RFC 1643 The following manager requests are supported e Get object e Get next object e Set object Communities The Ex
150. ridges operate at the data link layer of the OSI model CCITT Consultative Committee on International Telephony and Te legraphy A body of the International Telegraph Union ITU which prepares recommendations commonly referred to as international standards to resolve technical telegraph and telephone problems 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Glossary 1 Glossary central office CO In telephony the phone company switching facility or center usually a Class 5 end office at which subscribers local loops terminate Handles a specific geographic area identified by the first three digits of the local telephone number Usually the facilities of the local BOC CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detect A channel ac cess mechanism where devices check the channel for a carrier before transmitting If no carrier is sensed for the specified period of time the device can transmit If two devices trans mit at once a collision occurs and is detected by all colliding devices This collision subsequently delays their retransmis sions for a random length of time CSMA CD is used by Ethernet and IEEE 802 3 D channel The ISDN channel that carriers signalling information to con trol the call setup teardown or invocation of supplementary services The D Channel may also be used to provide packet mode data service DDS Dataphone Digital Service AT amp T private line service for transmitting data over a digital
151. rnet port See IPX Frame Type on page 3 21 for an explanation of the IPX frame type WAN IPX Bridge Seed Status Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the seed status used for the virtual Ethernet port See IPX Seed Status on page 3 22 menu for an explanation of the IPX seed status 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 25 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation WAN IPX Bridge Triggered Write security 2 Read security 5 When set to Yes only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the routing or service table has changed When set to No def updates are sent at the same rate set for the Ethernet port see IPX RIP Timer on page 3 22 and IPX SAP Timer on page 3 23 Bridge Spanning Tree The Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol ensures a loop free topol ogy and provides redundancy The protocol parameters can be spe cifically tuned from their defaults though most applications require no adjustment Spanning Tree Mode Write security 2 Read security 5 When the mode is set to On the Express L128T S T participates in the Spanning Tree Protocol between other bridges When Off def all bridge ports remain permanently open for forwarding Spanning Tree Priority Write security 2 Read security 5 This assigns a priority to the Express L128T S T that permits the rela tive priority of multiple bridges to be managed The range is 0 to 65535 with a default of 32768 Spanning Tree Maximum Age Write security 2 Read se
152. ss N etwork mask applied to the destination address Host or router to receive this packet Port gateway is located on sent directly to the Express L128T S T router Express L128T S T s ethernet port Express L128T S T s first PPP bundle Express L128T S T s second PPP bundle non connected or spoofed route used for dial on demand N umber of times the Express L128T S T has referenced the route Important tags associated with this route entry route is a host route route is a gateway route route learned dynamically from RIP route learned from an ICMP redirect 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 69 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation P T IP Routes Hops IP Routes TTL route is private and is not advertised with RIP route is to a triggered port updates only when table changes N umber of routers that must go through to get to destination Ranges from 0 15 or 16 for infinite can t get there from here Seconds until address is removed from table or zombied Value of 999 means route is static Status IPX Routes Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L128T S T s IPX router table IPX Routes Network IPX Routes Gateway IPX Routes Port local etho wan0 wanl idle IPX Routes Use IPX Routes Hops N etwork destination address N ode or Ethernetaddress of gateway to receive this packet Port gateway is located on sent dir
153. stem Contact Write security 3 Read security 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the contact name This field can contain a name phone number or e mail address of a person responsible for the Express L128T S T You can enter up to 31 alpha numeric characters in this field including spaces and special charac ters such as an under bar Firmware Revision Read security 5 Displays the current firmware revision level of the Express L128T S T This field is a read only field System Uptime Read security 5 Displays the length of time the Express L128T S T has been running since power up or reset This field is a read only field Date Time Write security 3 Read security 5 Displays the current date and time as programmed in the real time clock This field can be edited Enter the time in 24 hour format such 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 9 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation as 23 00 00 to represent 11 00 PM Enter the date in mm dd yyyy for mat for example 09 30 1998 Configuration WAN The WAN menu is used to set up the ISDN and POTS parameters for the Express L128T S T Figure 3 3 shows the WAN menu Express L128T Conf igurat ion WAN System Info ISDN CE COTS cs Security Connection List Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down B1 Idle B2 Idle Z help 17 41 Figure 3 3 Configuration WAN Screen WAN ISDN Write security 2 Read security 5 Selects th
154. system The digital transmis sion system transmits electrical signals directly instead of translating the signals into tones of varied frequencies as with traditional analog transmission systems Digital techniques provide more efficient use of transmission facilities resulting in lower error rates and costs than analog systems digital hub Designated office where DDS channels are interconnected and where synchronous network timing testing access and additional service features are provided Ethernet A local area network used for connecting computers printers workstations a terminals servers etc within the same build ing or campus Ethernet operates over twisted wire and coax ial cable at speeds up to 10 Mbps Ethernet specifies a CSMA CD four wire circuits Telephone lines using two wires for transmitting and two wires for receiving offering much higher quality than a 2 wire circuit All long distance circuits are 4 wire Almost all local phone lines and analog phones are 2 wire group 4 A high speed 56 kbps facsimile protocol specific to ISDN Glossary 2 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Glossary hop count A routing metric used to measure the distance between a source and a destination Particularly used by RIP hub 1 Communications center 2 Major routing station for con necting channels 3 DDS connecting center IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Professional organiz
155. the bit rate must go below on two B channels before one is dropped The range is 0 to 100 and is in percentages The default is 30 which is equivalent to 38 4 kbps See the section Bandwidth Samples below for more information on how the bandwidth rate is cal culated Bandw idth Min Channels Write security 3 Read security 5 This represents the minimum number of B channels that must be up for this Connection List profile This value ranges from 0 to 2 The default is 0 Bandw idth Max Channels Write security 3 Read security 5 This represents the maximum number of B channels this Con nection List profile can have The allowed values are 1 and 2 The default is 2 A value of 1 means that no extra bandwidth can be obtained for this connection Bandwidth Samples The parameters under this menu control the rate at which the Express L128T S T samples the bandwidth on the B channel s 3 54 Samples Sample Rate Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the time between samples used for calculating data rates on the ISDN call The value is in seconds and ranges from 1 to 255 The default is 5 seconds Samples Samples Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the number of WAN data rate samples taken before a decision to change bandwidth is performed The range is 1 def to 255 samples Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Sa mples Time Between Changes Write securi
156. the left arrow key or the Escape key to go back up the menu The following options display throughout the menus Submenus or DATA Menus that display or DATA indicate that more items are avail able when selected Activation Field lt gt Menus that display lt gt indicate that an action is to be taken such as activating a test 3 4 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Editable Data Field A highlighted menu item indicates that you can enter data in that field Read Only Field An underlined field is a display field that contains read only informa tion Navigation with the Keyboard You can use different keystrokes to navigate through the terminal menu Press Control Z to activate a pop up screen with the available keystrokes The following section provides a list of the available key strokes and the results General Navigation H Returns to the home screen Jumps between two menu items Press J while on a menu item of interest and you will jump back to the main screen Go to another menu item of interest press J and you will jump back to the screen that was displayed the first time you pressed J Press J anytime you want to jump between these items KH Arrow Keys Selects items and moves between the left and right panes The left arrow key allows you to go back up the menu Enter Activates an item or moves into submenu Esc
157. the unit Ifa default gateway is specified on the network of the Ethernet interface the unit attempts to reach the gateway through that interface If the gateway is specified on an un known network the unknown network is assigned to the router table and remains unused until that gateway becomes the peer on a WAN connection If no default gateway is specified the first connected peer on the WAN interface becomes the default gateway recommended for remote applications when there are no other routers on the remote LAN For each profile in the Connection List that includes an IP address and has the Configuration Connection List IP Route Static Route option set to Yes the Network Address of the specified IP address is added to the router table with the Host Address as the gateway If the Con figuration Connection List IP Route Private option is set to No the route is advertised at the specified metric through the unit s interfaces as if a connection is active to that network These routes are referred to as spoofed routes Attempts by any computer connected to the LAN interface to access a host on a spoofed network causes a connection to be attempted using the information from that Connection List profile Once connected routes advertised by the peer router are learned and advertised to the local LAN If Bandwidth On Demand is enabled and an Idle Time out value is specified expiration of the Idle Timer causes the link to be disconnected th
158. ting protocol See Bridge WAN IP Bridge on page 3 24 and Bridge WAN IPX Bridge on page 3 25 for further details Connection List Probe The Probe feature on the Express L128T S T is mainly used for allow ing a network to have multiple virtual network connections to many destinations using the single ISDN link The Express L128T S T can periodically obtain routing information from various locations and re tain this in the routing tables thereby permitting the LAN connection to be aware of the networks at this location Probe helps keep route ta bles updated When a service or network connection is required the Express L128T S T can demand dial that location This can be benefi cial for remote IPX workstations that cannot boot up properly without knowing the IPX services that would be in the Express L128T S T s SAP table 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 47 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Probe Active Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes the Express L128T S T will periodically dial this pro files dial out number to get routing and service table updates The de fault is No Probe Interval Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the time the Express L128T S T waits between probes The val ue is in minutes and ranges from 1 to 240 The default is 15 minutes Probe Update Window Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the time the Express L128T S T stays connected during a probe Norma
159. tion list PPP 3 48 connection list probe 3 47 connector pinouts D 1 corporate LAN Quick Start 3 1 2 1 5 customer premises wiring 2 3 D data bits 3 63 date time 3 9 default gateway 3 14 demand bridging 1 6 demand dial filters 3 57 demand routing 1 6 DHCP mode 3 17 Dial 3 11 dial 1 9 dial line 3 10 dial line area code 3 11 dial line LDN 1 or 2 3 11 dial line switch protocol 3 11 dial menu 3 3 3 64 dial out 3 51 Index 2 dial out attempts 3 52 dial out call type 3 51 dial out connection timeout 3 52 dial out delay 3 52 dial out initial channels 3 52 dial out number 1 3 51 dial out number 2 3 51 dial self 3 74 dial chamnels 3 65 dial description 3 64 dial dial 3 64 dial hang up 3 65 dial number 1 3 65 dial number 2 3 66 dial status 3 65 display 5 3 DNS 3 17 DNS server 3 17 DNS domain name 3 18 DNS server 1 3 18 DNS server 2 3 18 domain name 3 18 download uploading configura tion E 3 DTMF keypad 2 2 E EAP 3 33 3 40 echo request 3 74 EIA 232 interface D 1 embedded agent C 2 environmental specifications 5 3 Ethernet interface D 2 Ethernet interface LAN 5 1 EURO ISDN 3 11 Express L128T S T overview 1 1 F factory default 1 6 features 5 1 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual Index filter setting up 3 33 filter defines 3 33 filter defines IP filter defines 3 34 filter defines IPX filter defines 3 35 filter defines MAC filter defines 3 33 filter defines pattern filter de
160. ts routing tables IPX RIP Timer Write security 3 Read security 5 This value specifies how often the Express L128T S T sends out IPX RIP packets on the network segment attached to the Ethernet port The RIP packets sent contain routing information about the networks for which this Express L128T S T is responsible The default value is 60 seconds 3 22 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation IPX SAP Timer Write security 3 Read security 5 This value specifies how often the Express L128T S T sends out IPX SAP Service Access Protocol packets on the network segment at tached to the Ethernet port The SAP packets sent contain information about the services such as servers printers etc for which this Ex press L128T S T is responsible The default value is 60 seconds Configuration Bridge The Bridge menu is used to set up the bridge parameters for the Ex press L128T S T The bridging function runs at the Media Access Control MAC level which allows any protocol packets that run over Ethernet to be forwarded Bridging can run concurrently with the IP and IPX routing However certain rules apply for when packets are bridged across a WAN connection When IP routing is active IP pack ets which include ARP packets are not bridged When IPX routing is active IPX packets are not bridged Also the WAN IP Bridge and WAN IPX Bridge menus allow the WAN connection to bridge packets to th
161. ts available Logs The Logs menu can be used for viewing the operational logs for the Express L128T S T See the section Logs Menu on page 3 75 for de tailed information on the available options Utilities The Utilities menu provides tools for system diagnostics and upgrad ing the Express L128T S T See the section Utilities Menu on page 3 79 for detailed information on the available options 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 3 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation NAVIGATING THE TERMINAL MENUS The following sections provide information on how to navigate through the terminal menus General Layout When you first start a terminal mode session the window shown in Top Level Terminal Menu on page 3 2 displays The screen is divided into left and right panes The left pane shows the current list of sub menus while the right pane shows the contents of a selected sub menu Menu Path The top line of the display shows this session s current position path in the menu tree Figure 3 1 shows the top menu level with the cursor on the Configuration submenu so the path display shows Express L128T Configuration Moving Around Press Tab or the right arrow key to move the cursor from the left pane to the right pane Press Shift Tab or press the left arrow key to move the cursor from the right pane back to the left pane Use the up and down arrows to move around within each pane Press Enter to acti vate a menu Press
162. twork device GetResponse C 2 network interface 5 1 network log 3 78 network log messages B 17 network log active 3 78 network log clear 3 78 network log level 3 78 network log view 3 78 network log wrap 3 78 network manager C 1 GetRequest C 2 none 3 16 Novell 1 9 IPX protocol Quick Start 6 P packets filtering 3 33 PAP 3 33 3 40 parity 3 63 password 3 60 3 62 pattern filter defines 3 34 physical specifications 5 3 ping 3 79 poison reverse 3 16 3 44 POTS 1 6 3 12 POTS interface dual 5 1 POTS POTS assignment 3 12 POTS speech calltype routing 3 12 power requirements 5 3 PPP 1 13 3 32 3 48 PPP log 3 76 PPP log messages B 1 PPP log active 3 76 PPP log clear 3 76 PPP log level 3 76 PPP log view 3 76 Index 5 Index PPP log wrap 3 76 PPP peer 3 17 PPP compression 3 49 PPP max config 3 50 PPP max failure 3 50 PPP max timer 3 50 PPP multilink 3 48 PPP VJ compression 3 50 private 1 8 probe 3 47 probe update window 3 48 probe active 3 48 probe interval 3 48 proxy ARP 3 19 PWR 1 11 Q quick startup guide Quick Start 1 R radius 3 30 3 60 radius server 3 31 radius server primary server 3 31 radius server retry count 3 32 radius server secondary server 3 31 radius server secret 3 32 radius server UDP port 3 31 rear panel 1 12 remote home office accessing corporate LAN Quick Start 3 retain 1 8 RIP 1 6 1 9 3 15 3 44 RIP timer 3 22 RIP direction 3 16 3 44 RIP method 3 16 3 44 RIP mod
163. ty 3 Read security 5 This value is the minimum time between bandwidth changes for this Connection List profile The range is 0 to 255 seconds The default is 60 seconds Connection List Filters The Express L128T S T can block packets in and out of a WAN port by use of the filters These filters are set up on a per Connection List profile basis They are set up in two steps 1 define the types of pack ets that would be of interest in the Configuration Security Filter De fines menu and 2 set up the filter type and combination of defines that will cause a packet block Filters WAN to LAN In Write security 2 Read security 5 The packets which come into the Express L128T S T can be filtered in three ways Disabled def Turns off packet input filtering No incoming packets are blocked from the WAN Block All All incoming packets from the WAN are blocked except as defined in the Filters In Exceptions list Forward All All incoming packets from the WAN are not blocked except as defined in the Filters In Exceptions list 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 55 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Filters In Exceptions Write security 2 Read security 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter entries which can be combined using the operations field The operations are performed in the order they ap pear on the list Active Type MAC Pattern IPX Filter List Name Next Oper END AND O
164. ty 3 Read security 5 When this item is set to On the Express L128T S T will perform TCP IP header compression known as Van Jacobson compression to the PPP peer Normally this is not necessary over ISDN connections and can be set to Off def to disable it PPP Max Config Write security 3 Read security 5 This value is the number of unanswered configuration requests that should be transmitted before giving up on a call The possible values are 5 10 def 15 and 20 PPP Max Timer Write security 3 Read security 5 This value is the number of seconds to wait between unanswered con figuration requests The possible values are 1 sec 2 secs def 3 secs 5 secs and 10 secs PPP Max Failure Write security 3 Read security 5 Due to the nature of PPP configuration options may not be agreed upon between two PPP peers This value is the number of configura tion naks that should occur before an option is configuration rejected This allows a connection to succeed that might otherwise fail The pos sible values are 5 def 10 15 and 20 3 50 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Connection List Dial Out The dialing parameters for establishing this connection are defined under this menu Dial Out Number 1 Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the first number used for dialing up this connection Dial Out Number 2 Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the s
165. urity 4 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the router to receive the forwarded IP packet 3 14 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation Static Routes Hops Write security 4 Read security 5 This is the number of router hops required to get to the network or host Maximum distance is 15 hops Static Routes Private Write security 4 Read security 5 When set to No the Express L128T S T will advertise this static route using RIP Otherwise setting to Yes means that the route is kept pri vate IP IP Router The IP router is configured under this menu as follows IP Router Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When this option is set to On def the Express L128T S T will adver tise and listen to routes from other IP routers If Off the route table is still used but only static routes are used for routing IP packets and only the Ethernet port is used IP packets can be sent over the WAN but only when bridged IP RIP Write security 3 Read security 5 The Routing Information Protocol RIP is supported by the Express L128T S T The following parameters are required for setting up the mode on the Ethernet port RIP Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 This option turns RIP On def or Off 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 15 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation RIP Protocol Write security 3 Read security 5 Version can be V1 def or
166. uting option src lt srcip gt dest lt destip gt level 4 The Express L128T S T has dropped a source routed IP packet due to invalid parameters setmask local IP iface 0 not done level 6 Debug error used in determining router stack problems syslog bad host level 2 Syslog function cannot use host name or IP set in Configuration Logs Syslog Host syslog no port level 2 Syslog function cannot open port to send Log entries TEL Telnet Session Closed level 4 Telnet server session has been closed telclient bad host level 2 Telnet client could not use host name or IP address set in Configura tion Utilities Telnet Client Host telclient bad init level 2 Telnet client could not initialize a session B 18 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Appendix B Log Messages Telnet Client Clr TCBF_BUFFER flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function Telnet Client Set TCBF_DONTBLOCK flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function Telnet Client socket failed level 2 Telnet client function could not open TCP socket Telnet server connect to lt ip gt level 4 Telnet server has connected to Telnet client with IP address lt ip gt Telnet Session Closed level 4 Telnet server has closed connection Telnet Session failed error lt errnum gt level 2 Telnet server could not connect to Telnet client due to error TELNETD ac
167. wal Time Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the number of hours that the DHCP server should allow the de vice before it is required to send a new DHCP request The default is 15 hours and 0 represents an infinite lease NAT Web Server Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address of a web server on the Ethernet network When an active NAT connection is made to the Internet any HTTP FTP or Mail server requests from the WAN are translated and sent to this web server IP DNS The Domain Name Server parameters used by the Express L128T S T are specified here The DNS server addresses can be exchanged be tween PPP peers When a connection occurs and IPCP is negotiated the Express L128T S T will get the DNS server addresses from the PPP peer If the configured DNS server addresses Server 1 and Server 2 are all zeros the addresses from the PPP peer are used In NAT mode the PPP peer s DNS addresses are always used The DNS addresses set in Server 1 and Server 2 are offered to a PPP peer if so requested 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 3 17 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation DNS Domain Name Write security 3 Read security 5 This is a text string used to represent the domain name used by the Ex press L128T S T DNS Server 1 Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address for the primary DNS device It is the first server that domain name requests are sent DNS Server 2 Writ
168. where XXXXXXX is the phone number The terminal indicates end of digits Enter Phone N umber 2 Press OXXXXXXX where XXXXXXX is the phone number If only one phone number is assigned this does not have to be entered The terminal indicates end of digits 2 2 Express L128T S T User Manual 61202070L3 20 Chapter 2 Installation Table 2 1 Using the Flash Hook Calling a second party with an active call Flash hook to place active call on hold and dial new number Hanging up will terminate the call Answering an incoming call with an active call at call waiting Flash hook to place active call on hold and answer incoming call Hanging up will terminate both calls Conferencing Calls W ith an outgoing call on hold and a second outgoing call active flashhook to conference calls Hanging up will transfer second call W ith an incoming call on hold and outgoing call active flash hook to conference calls Hanging up will transfer calls W ith two incoming calls one on hold and one active flashhook to conference calls Hanging up transfers calls Answering calls on hold and holding incoming active calls Flash hook places the incoming call on hold and reconnects to outgoing call Hanging up will terminate both calls Customer Premises Wiring Customer premises wiring requirements for the Express L128T S T vary depending on the application and existing wiring It may be sim pler for the ISDN
169. y be enabled to allow idle links to discon nect when not being used Simple Demand Bridging may be configured by enabling the Idle Time Out parameter under the Configuration Connection List 1 Bandwidth On Demand option on the Connection List Setting this parameter to a non zero value allows a bridge connection to discon nect after the specified number of seconds with no traffic crossing the ISDN link Bandwidth can be controlled using the Express L128T S T s advanced filtering capability When new traffic needs to be transmitted the Express L128T S T will run each packet through its Demand filters defined for each Connection List profile If a packet can pass through the filter then the numbers for that profile are dialed In addition when both B channels are selected for use the link may be configured to add remove the second B channel based on the amount of traffic 61202070L3 20 Express L128T S T User Manual 1 7 Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T crossing the link The bridged connection is terminated when the Hang up option is selected from the Dial menu but will redial if the demand filter condition is met IP Routing The Express L128T S T operates as a dial up IP router when the Con figuration IP IP Router Mode option is configured to On The Ex press L128T S T uses an IP unnumbered WAN interface the IP address and mask assigned to the unit s LAN interface apply to all routing and IP operations for
170. y explode Check local codes for any special disposal instructions SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS Vili Table of Contents Quick Startup Guide Quick Start 1 Setting up the ISDN Line Quick Start 1 Connecting to an Internet Service Provider Quick Start 2 Internet Access using Network Address Translation NAT mestioiosialestatos aras ER Quick Start 2 Multiprotocol Routing Between Two LANS Quick Start 3 Remote Home Office Accessing the Corporate LAN Quick Start 3 Chapter1 Understanding ISDN and the Express L128T S T 1 1 ISDN OVerVieW bad A EE NEE aa so 1 1 The Express L128T S T euie n n e 1 1 APplicatlOns oiee SAA AA 1 2 Single User to Corporate LAN 1 2 Single User IP to Internet Service Provider ISP using Network Address Translation NAT 00 e ee eee ee eee 1 3 Multiple Users to Internet Service Provider ISP tusing NAT gett get Sg SEENEN 1 4 Small Office Home Office SOHO to Corporate LAN 1 5 Basic FUNCHONS A A tii 1 5 Demand Routing and Bridging with the Express L128T S T 1 6 Factory Default ee Meee cakes nE Aaa a 1 6 BHA SIN cin nt Sana aes saw owed al Dee 1 7 IP Routing Sec ha Mae bates WIG E ease a 1 8 IPX ROO see ees Re a 1 9 Connection List Simplifying and Enhancing the Dial FUNCION eege Ee eS EEN Hr Ba BRE BS 1 9 Concurrent Routing and Bridging 05 1 9 Routing over PPP Bridging 1 10 Network Address Translation Mode 1 10 Front Panel daa lo S

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