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Dawn Prell, C.P.G., Senior Hydrogeologist, CTI & Associates

1. March 24 2014 6 der ates Q Controlling Document Content Sampling Points Sampling Order Parameters Methods Procedures ochedule If any of this information is missing ASK FOR IT March 24 2014 7 PURGING amp SAMPLING EQUIPMENT Dedicated vs Non Dedicated m Dedicated otays in Well No Decontamination Reduces Sampling Time Preferred for Long Term Monitoring m Non Dedicated m Used in Different Wells Dedicated Sampling Eguipment Provides Highest m Must be Decontaminated Level of OC but may m increase Sampling Time Increase Costs m Potential for Cross Contamination m Preferred for Short Duration Monitoring March 24 2014 9 Ie Purging and Sampling Equipment X Commonly Used Equipment m Bladder Pumps m Submersible Pumps m Dedicated or Disposable Bailers March 24 2014 Purging and Sampling Equipment Purging Equipment can Bias Samples m VOC Loss m Turbidity m Geochemical Changes Be aware of equipment operations and how it may affect samples March 24 2014 11 lder i t s Bladder Pumps m Typically Dedicated to a Well m Uses Compressed Air to Constrict a Bladder m Interior Bladder fills with Water B Compressed Air Squeezes the Bladder Forcing Water out the Discharge Line m Flow is Adjustable by Changing the Air Input and Discharge Frequency Favored for long term monitoring projects and low flow sampling Ma
2. Sade m Flow Rate amp Bottle Filling After purging Reduce flow rate for filling bottles m Avoid overfilling and preservative loss m Can compromise results Place caps upright on clean surface Minimize agitation aeration Further reduce flow for filling VOAs If sampling order not specified sample VOCs last so that flow rate may be reduced March 24 2014 45 sample Collection and Handling m Clearly Label Samples Labora m Date Time il ill il MMN li i il ili Waste TER nes Brevis MN a Locatio n Project Quarterly MSW Leach 4 10 NYSA5836 4AE04299 Sample MSW LEACH E Pe rsonn el Container 4 Plastic Unpreserved Date J Time m Parameters Some labs use barcodes to track samples March 24 2014 46 Golder Associates Sample Collection and Handling m Immediately Place Samples in an lce Packed Cooler m On hand when sampling m Use water ice m Blue ice is not as effective Use water ice Blue or chemical ice is not recommended March 24 2014 47 Documentation Use Field Information Form FIF Complete FIF for Each Sample Location oubmit Original FIF to the Laboratory with Samples Record m Date Time Sample Location Sample ID Field Measurements oampler Signature March 24 2014 48 What If m he sample location is dry destroyed or inaccessible Call someone You are the eyes and ears for the project manager and client m Whatif y
3. 1001 26 24b 553 exco Phone tari tom cow ZA 3 Project Name ZnD Gre 2010 i 1 week s TRE 9 2 days Y d uis S Sample 2 Qi 3 M Type V A N o Ame e m Aa exc CON CEN EEE Denen ei th LLLI LLLI ILI PASS LI I I I L I PEIFSI U LII JT TITTIJI DP 51111 1 Pr Grab w mun m AEN eee Ll dp Re N ll _ MM L L it cas sl ddi inm E DA DI Preservation Used 1 Ice 2 HCl 3 H2SO4 4 HNO3 5 gt NaOM 6 Other LTILILIPLDLLITISTOIG T Possible Hazard Identification Sample Disposal A fee may be assessed if samples are retained longer than 1 mon Non Hazard CJ Flammable CJ Skin Irritant Poison B Unknown CI C Return To Client Disposal By Lab Archive For Months special Instructions QC Requirements amp Comments gt P Relinquished Uo Company Date Time i eo Company Date Time NTH El2o o SPN N S 2ol o SO C C NTH 5 IO Gp AMP yd TRO TAL 5 2 o FCO ar i p gt March 24 2014 53 Sample Coolers Cooler with Custody Seal Samples must be no warmer than 4 Cooler With Field Forms and Water lce degrees Centigrade upon laboratory receipt March 24 2014 54 9 FP Golder Associates Shipping or Delivery to Laboratory oome laboratories provide shipping Coordinate with the shipper to avoid delays ohippers will not deliver coolers leaking water
4. Coordinate the delivery of short hold time samples with the laboratory March 24 2014 Common Errors m Chain of Custody m incomplete m Missing m Samples received gt 4 degrees Centigrade m Broken Sample Containers March 24 2014 56 Summary Key Actionable I ake Aways You are Part of a Team Communication is Key Know the Sampling Requirements Inspect and Document Well Conditions Avoid Turbidity and Excessive Drawdown Document all Activities Use Proper Quality Control Throughout Sampling March 24 2014 57 ar 0 BEN i S a Ce J 3 4 Thank You Dawn L Prell CPG dawn_prell golder com March 24 2014 58
5. Tai Traditional Purging Method m Calculate volume of water in the well m Purge a minimum of 3 to 5 well volumes m Record water levels during purging m Do not pump well dry m Avoid excessive drawdown m Never expose the pump intake March 24 2014 28 Low Yield Well Methods m Slow recharging well where purging less than 0 5 L min m Dewaters the well and m Field parameters do not stabilize Two sampling approaches m Complete evacuation m Purge well dry m Sample after recovery m Minimal purge m Dedicated Sampling equipment required m Do not purge well m Sample water in the well screen area March 24 2014 29 FIELD MEASUREMENTS Field Measurements Groundwater Levels m Groundwater levels must be recorded m Prior to and during purging m With a decontaminated device m Accurate to 0 01 foot m Referenced to the top of casing m Be aware of site specific conditions m Extraction wells Record groundwater levels on the same day March 24 2014 31 Gol eas Field Measurements Field Parameters m Recorded m During purging Stabilization m When collecting lab samples Final m Common field parameters m pH Temperature Specific conductance m Recommended m Dissolved oxygen Turbidity and Oxidation reduction potential Eh ORP m Document m Field Book Field readings are to be taken ASAP pH is REQUIRED within 15 minutes this is far too long m Field Information Form M
6. Environmental Monitoring General Sampling Procedures and Quality Control Golder Associates x 3 aco b Rye PIE i yw Object ives m Provide a Basic Understanding of m Groundwater Occurrence Collecting Representative Samples sampling Methods amp Equipment Sampling Procedures Record Keeping Best Practices Quality Control March 24 2014 2 Generalized Groundwater Flow Diagram Typical well installation DEEP configuration STORAGE WELL ap SHALLOW N m amp WELL SAND GRAVEL GROUNDWATER TABLE Housatonic River b GROUNDWATER FLOW LINES WELL SCREEN SAND GRAVEL March 24 2014 3 Overall Sampling Goal m Collect a Representative Sample m Reflects the actual chemistry in the formation near the well screen m s not measurably altered by m Well Purging m Sample Collection m Foreign Material m bottle Handling March 24 2014 4 EJ Golder Associates M Sampling Requires Teamwork m Sampling Team m Site Representative m Primary Point of Contact m Provide current controlling documents m Sampler Project Manager m Knows Sampling Reauirements m Collects Representative Samples m Analytical Laboratory m echnical Resource March 24 2014 5 Controlling Documents oite Permit Site Specific Sampling Plans Regulations Agency Guidance Other Specific Communication Samplers must verify that they are following the most current versions
7. arch 24 2014 Field Measurements m In line flow cell m Real time data m isolates sample from air m Provides more consistent data m Hand held instruments m Some parameters may be affected by Temperature changes Atmosphere m Record as soon as possible Disconnect in line meters before sample collection March 24 2014 33 Calibration of Field Meters Calibrate Meters Before Each Event Check Calibration Solution Expiration Date Follow Procedures in the User s Manual Document Calibration in a Calibration Log or on the Field Information Form Date Time Final Calibration Readings If calibration is not documented results for entire sample event are subject to challenge March 24 2014 34 Unusual or Inconsistent Measurements pH 1 unit pH lt 5 or gt 9 Specific conductance 25 Turbidity Significant change in clarity What you should do m Recalibrate meters m Perform additional purging These can alert samplers to calibration or well problem March 24 2014 35 Turbidity m Goal 50 NTU m NIU 50 500 Attempt to reduce to 50 NTU m Perform additional purging m Reduce purge rate m Document on FIF m NTU 5500 m Notify site or Project Manager m Do not sample unless authorized hed Groundwater is not turbid turbid samples are not representative Well may be inadequately developed March 24 2014 36 der ates Q Quality Control Marc
8. h 24 2014 37 Quality Assurance amp Quality Control m Quality Assurance amp Quality Control QA QC m Assures sample integrity m Avoids sample contamination m Documents sample collection m s practiced throughout sampling event March 24 2014 38 Gloves m Powder Free Latex or Nitrile Gloves m Powers can affect samples m Change Gloves Upon m Arriving at a new sample location m Touching equipment or surfaces Gloves are meant to protect the sample from YOU March 24 2014 39 Decontamination Decontaminate m Non Dedicated Sampling Equipment m Use Non Phosphate Containing Detergent m Alconox m Liquinox m Prior to Each Use m Follow Plans for Containment and Disposal Keep distilled or deionized water on hand March 24 2014 40 Gol GP coiser Who is using proper QC March 24 2014 41 Quality Control Samples Trip Blanks Detect contaminants Field Blanks introduced in the field in transit in bottle preparation or in the laboratory Equipment Blanks Duplicate Samples Confirm analytical results Failure to collect required quality control samples can result in a violation notice March 24 2014 42 C Golder Associates SAMPLE COLLECTION amp HANDLING Filtration m Filtration can affect sample chemistry m Use in line cartridge filters m Typically 0 45 micron m Condition before collecting samples m Allow 2 filter volumes to pass March 24 2014 44
9. l L ka u u x d d E E E E E E u u a H u E E E E E u u a E E u u u u u u u E u E E a E E B Always use new bailer cord Qs ry r E Purging amp Sampling Equipment Review Various Purge and Sample Methods Available Each has Strengths and Weaknesses Dedicated Systems Preferred Consider m Budget m Long term Needs m Site Specific Conditions m Data Quality Requirements March 24 2014 18 WELL CONDITION INSPECTION Well Condition Inspection m Sampler Responsibilities Document the condition of each well m Recognize when not to sample Communicate issues Samplers are the eyes and ears of the project team March 24 2014 Well Condition Inspection m identify conditions such as Missing locks labels or weep holes Damaged casing or concrete pad Inoperable equipment Excessive vegetation growth Damaged well or pump Evidence of tampering otrong unusual odors Evidence of surface spills Excessive turbidity Any other maintenance need March 24 2014 21 If a well is not sampled m Complete a Field Information Form FIF m Reason well not sampled m Communications m Names m Dates m Authorizing representative ord field measurements final stabilized readings passive sample readings before sampling for all field parameters required by State Permit Site Sample Appearance Odor Color CO ther Weather Conditions required dail
10. ou cannot or do not sample a required location Fill out a Field Information Form anyway It proves you did not simply forget to sample and it documents the reason why a sample was not collected Record relevant names and instructions March 24 2014 49 Post Sampling Procedures March 24 2014 50 Post Sampling Overview m Completing Chain of Custody Forms m Packaging Coolers m Delivering Samples to the Laboratory AM m M Ms LS u u u March 24 2014 Chain of Custody COC Form m Documents the continuous control of the sample from collection to analysis Hemains with the sample until analysis is performed Must be included in the cooler with the samples m Shipping agents such as FedEx do not sign the COC m ohipping receipt must be retained as part of the record A complete COC is required for each cooler Missing or incomplete COC can result in regulatory or legal challenge of the sample event March 24 2014 52 A ad Chain of Custody Drive Test America Chain of Custody Record THE LEADER IN ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING Amherst NY hos 1 9852 fax 716 691 7991 TestAmerica Laboratories Inc Client Contact Rp Project Manager Dawn He NTH SULTA y Tel Fax 248 324 528 arrier FED Ex of COCs Address 41780 Sx Mue o AN Analysis Turnaround Time j City State Zip _Noamviune MI aeb _ N Calendar C or Work Days QW
11. rch 24 2014 12 Bladder Pumps m Pros Prevent Air From Contacting Water Minimize Drawdown and Turbidity Wide Range of Flow Adjustment Laminar Flow Into Screen Controlled Discharge m Cons m Expensive m Compressed Air Source m Generally Not Portable Manufacturers now producing smaller i more portable devices March 24 2014 13 Electric Submersible Pumps Dedicated or non dedicated Electric motor turns impeller Pump lifts water through discharge Water flow through pump cools motor Flow controlled by restricting discharge m Newer models use motor control A S X z March 24 2014 14 RG i gt E m Pros m Fast purge m inexpensive m Portable m Cons Flow Adjustment can Build up Heat otray Voltage Decontamination Potential Overpumping Ryn E s E E jn lt w rt mb a mmm PU eR gem m March 24 2014 15 Bailers m Dedicated non dedicated or disposal m Hollow tube with ball check valve at base m Various material m Stainless steel m eflon m PVC m Cord affixed to top m Repeatedly lowered into well m Submerged and allowed to fill m Raised up to remove water March 24 2014 16 lder i t s Bailers m Pros Inexpensive Portable oimple m Cons March 24 2014 Slow amp Inefficient Aeration in well Turbulence Turbidity Decontamination Handling amp Bailer Cord Loss down wel
12. y or as conditions change Direction Speed Outlook Precipitation Y or N Specific Comments including purge well volume calculations if required P de CC of Ja Gm X Lor lecor eu Aas Me cy o c EI e Calle LUM Ee CS ary Wir Di 7 y Cep 520 ns teuctesS lo ec KS WM G cector Not To Sampie EL IS en G B oF I certify that sampling procedures were in accordance with applicable EPA State arM WM protocols 1 gnore than one sampler all should sign FIELD COMMENTS LEG Dee Elot DL Sampha se Well Condition Inspection March 24 2014 23 A FP Golder Associates PURGING amp SAMPLING METHODS ir Purging amp Sampling Methods m Three principal methods m Low Flow m Traditional Purging m Low Yielding Well m Complete Evacuation m Minimal Purge March 24 2014 25 Purging amp Sampling Methods Low Flow Sampling m Purging volume is based on field parameter stabilization m he flow rate must be low enough to m induce lateral flow from the formation m Minimize m Drawdown m urbidity March 24 2014 26 Field Parameter Stabilization Follow site specific requirements m Measure every 3 to 5 minutes m After water level has stabilized m Achieved when all parameters have 3 successive readings meeting the stabilization criteria m General stabilization criteria m pH 0 2 Standard Units m Conductivity 5 m Dissolved Oxygen 10 or 0 2 Mg L m Turbidity 10

Dawn Prell, C.P.G., Senior Hydrogeologist, CTI & Associates

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Dawn Prell, C.P.G., Senior Hydrogeologist, CTI &amp; Associates

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Dawn Prell, C.P.G., Senior Hydrogeologist, CTI & Associates