source code
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1. Direct ROM BIOS calls Access to all 640K of memory Direct I O port access DOS command line and Environment access In line machine language code can be inserted in PROMAL source code PROMAL programs on the IBM execute faster than Turbo Pascal 3 0 The Compiler is unbelievably fast typically processing 4500 lines a minute on an AT The Editor is very similar to the Apple Commodore version but scrolls to display lines of over 80 characters The Editor PROMAL SOURCE CODE PRODUCTS generates standard DOS text files The main difference between Apple Commodore PROMAL and IBM compatible PROMAL is the absence of the Executive MS DOS provides the functions of the Executive in the IBM environment If you are not familiar with MS DOS don t worry the commands are very similar to the continued page 3 EXECUTIVE PROMAL Source Code products currently available i programmers are going to convert to using PROMAL you need more goodies than just the elegance and performance of PROMAL alone After all you do have to learn a new language and that takes real commitment So we decided to include the best of all possible goodies in our PROMAL product line source code Now you can see hundreds of examples of PROMAL coding techniques by reading the source That should make mastering the language even easier Plus you can customize the Executive or Editor to suit your personal needs perfectly Yo2. 6 EXP TEMPHE lt lt 1 TEMPL1 gt 80 7F 3 exp IF EXP gt 39 RETURN VAL Keep all bits of mantissa FLOOR 3 8 should return 4 0 EXP 39 EXP 3 Bits of mantissa ta clear FLOOR 100000 89 3 should return 100000 0 TS WHILE EXP 8 Can clear whole byte TEMPLIIJ 4 The FLOOR function is included in version EXP EXP 8 2 1 of PROMAL but owners of earlier Meslr versions can use the code shown at right TEMPLIIJ MASKCEXP AND TEMPCII Clear bits BLKMOV TEMP NEWVAL 6 Space does not permit a detailed explanation of Tee Ween ae the workings of FLOOR but the concept is to IF NEWVAL gt VAL Not already an integer compute the binary exponent from the internal NEWVAL NEWVAL i floating point representation and zero all bits to RETURN NEWVAL the right of the implied binary point in the END mantissa o 2 IBM from page 1 Source Code Available Source code is available as an option allowing you to explore the inner workings of PROMAL or to customize the system to your personal taste The EDITOR and COMPILER are written in PROMAL of course SO you can customize them if you wish by simply editing and re compiling The Runtime Package source consists of about 9 000 lines of 808X assembly language which can be assembled with the Microsoft assembler MASM An all new 250 page manual is included along with numerous demo programs including a simple data base management program interrupt driven comm
3. routines error handling runtime errors ABORT etc and at the core the instructions which actually execute your program Armed with the Runtime listing you can create simple patches to the system to change the way things work For example suppose you wanted to have some key other than CTRL B perform the prior line recall function By examining the listing of the GETL EDLINE or INLINE routines you will see that you need to change the value of a variable called BKEYBT which is defined on line 1146 for example of the listing like this 1146 1010 02 BKEYBT BYTE 02 This tells you that this variable is at address 1010 and its value is 02 the ASCII code for CTRL B To change it to say CTRL R you could simply patch address 1010 to 12 You could do this right from the EXECUTIVE or in a JOB file with SET 1010 12 or from within a program with EXT BYTE BKEYBT AT 1010 BKEYBT 12 Experienced programmers will be able to make sophisticated changes in the way the system works with the aid of the Runtime listing Ctrl B backtrack A new 32 bit integer data type has been added too Version 2 1 also supports the optional Graphics Toolbox for CGA EGA and compatible video adapters The graphics toolbox makes it a snap to produce fast full color graphics displays Routines are also provided for controlling a mouse Microsoft Mouse Mouse Systems etc PROMAL is designed to run on the IBM PC family of computers
4. us about PPDL problems All programs are written in PROMAL and supplied in both source and compiled form Most have documentation files supplied by the author A few have no documentation but are easily understood by a look at the source code Hardcopy documentation is provided where necessary Disk 1 for the Commodore Contents 1 Macro assembler by C Martens 2 Disassembler by Steve Vermeulen 3 Disk Fixer program by A Ryan Includes a twenty page manual describing Commodore disk structures and how to change them using the disk fixer 2 7 Sane a ge Oe EL I The delivered product consists of a disk and 9 summary of contents plus the Disk Fixer documentation in hardcopy form Disk 2 for the Commodore Contents 1 Document Formatter Program by David Long A powerful and well established method of word processing using a maually created file containing text and formatting commands for such things as margins and page size paragraphs and absolute lines of text underlining page headers and footers and page numbering The file is fed into the document formatter program which produces a printer ready result A file is included which when fed through the document formatter produces the 15 page user s manual which is also supplied in hardcopy form Screen creator by Rev Mike Cargill Printer control issuer by Julia Christianson PROMAL source file lister by Garth Ingram Scre
5. PC XT Jr AT etc or true compatibles Compaq AT amp T 6300 Tandy 1000 etc with at least one floppy disk and 192K of memory IBM compatible PROMAL is available only in the Developer s version which means you can generate stand alone programs and distribute them as you see fit without any royalty payments Please see the order form for complete pricing information o So What Do You Need to Buy If you re a commercial software developer you ll definitely want to get the Developer s Package Deal see order form If you re familiar with assembly language but don t plan on selling stand alone software then you ll probably want to get the End User s package deal If you don t understand assembly language and don t intend to learn then you might just want to get the source for the individual EDITOR and or EXECUTIVE for your system Either way we think you ll find the PROMAL source code an invaluable asset in your collection of programming tools PROMAL 2 1 from page 1 About The Source Code For the first time we are offering the complete source code for the PROMAL 2 1 EXECUTIVE and EDITOR as well as a listing of the Runtime package The source code is supplied on disk as PROMAL programs you can EDIT and COMPILE For advanced programmers a complete commented assembled source listing of the runtime package and library is available This listing has about 800K bytes on six or seven disks depe
6. ROMAL programming than by studying some real programs For example by examining the EXECUTIVE you can learn how the COPY command works or how command line arguments are processed Secondly you can make minor changes to the system to suit your own taste For example suppose you don t care for the EXECUTIVE s gt prompt and would like to change it to say EXEC All you would have to do is EDIT EXECS and use the FIND command to locate X which you would find defined as follows DATA WORD SYSPROMPT OD gt Command prompt Just edit this line to read DATA WORD SYSPROMPT ODEXEC Command prompt and save the file Then just compile EXECUTIVE and the next time your boot your system you will be greeted with your custom prompt Of course not all changes are this simple and there are limits to how much you can add without using too much memory but there are lots of things you can do to customize the EXECUTIVE or EDITOR What About the Runtime Listing What is the Runtime Package Library Listing and why would you want it First of all to make effective use of the Runtime source listing you ll need at least some familiarity with assembly language programming because the runtime package consists of over 10 000 lines of assembly language statements It contains all the library functions and procedures PUT GETL GETBLKF LOAD OUTPUT etc plus the floating point arithmetic
7. VOLUME 1 NUMBER 2 PROMAL 2 1 July September 1986 WITH SOURCE CODE AVAILABLE You read it right Now you can get PROMAL with Source Code By the time you read this a new improved version 2 1 of PROMAL should be available for the Apple He IIc and Commodore 64 But the most exciting news about PROMAL 2 1 is that for the first time you will be able to order the complete SOURCE CODE for the EXECUTIVE EDITOR and GRAPHICS TOOLBOX as well as a complete source listing of the Runtime package and library With the source code you can explore the inner workings of the EDITor and EXECUTIVE and customize them if you wish Since both these programs are written in PROMAL you can change them with the EDITor and re compile them to personalize your program development system Maybe you d like to change the EXECUTIVE s prompt gt or choose different control keys in the EDITor With the source code you can There s more good news Even if you don t get the source code youll want to take advantage of our low cost upgrade offer for owners of earlier PROMAL versions Here s a rundown of some of the new version 2 1 improvements over version 2 0 Apple II PROMAL 2 1 Full support for RAM disk Now you can use all that memory 128K to multi megabytes in your Ile PREFIX command now finds volume name for any slot drive Full support for all path names including in volume name and single character fi
8. en creator by W A Marsh Graphics routines and demo by Roger Norrod Lister that includes time and date stamp by Michael T Veach 8 C64 to Tandy PC2 data exchange program by Steve Vermeulen arn ees a OON SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATES 3325 Executive Drive RO Box 20025 Raleigh North Carolina 27619 Telephone 919 878 3600 in hardcopy form a2 o Dumb terminal emulation routine and demo by Steve Vermeulen 10 KOALA touchpad support by Erik Vigmostad 11 Counter of word occurrences in a file by Erik Vigmostad 12 File lister for RS 232 printer by Erik Vigmostad The delivered product consists of a disk and summary of contents plus the Document Formatter documentation Disk 1 for the Apple Contents 1 Macro assembler by C Martens 2 Disassembler by Steve Vermeulen 3 Printer control issuer by Julia Christianson 4 PROMAL source file lister by Garth Ingram 5 Counter of word occurrences in a file by Erik Vigmostad The delivered product consists of a disk and summary of contents Disk 2 for the Apple Contents 1 Document formatter program by David Long It is described above under Disk 2 for the Commodore item 1 The delivered product consists of a disk and summary of contents plus the documentation een manane
9. le names Refer to disks by drive or prefix for example COPY 2 MYFILES 1 copies from drive 2 to 1 without specifying the volume name 0 is RAM disk New GETKEY function gets key with cursor but without echo to screen Larger workspace Improved EXECUTIVE LOADer More free memory space All known bugs fixed All new improved manual not just page changes Source code available optional e Much more Commodore 64 PROMAL 2 1 e DYNODISK reliability e New GETKEY function gets key with cursor but without echo to screen e Improved EXECUTIVE LOADer More free memory space e All new improved manual not just page changes Source code available optional Much more revamped for super continued page 3 IBM PROMAL NOW AVAILABLE WITH SOURCE CODE The long awaited PROMAL system for the IBM PC family of computers and true compatibles is now available Complete source code for all elements of the system including the Compiler Editor and Runtime Package is also available The PROMAL Compiler for the IBM family runs under DOS 2 0 or higher and produces very fast native 808X machine language output Most programs written in Apple or Commodore PROMAL are readily portable to the IBM PC and software is provided to transfer files between computers using the serial port In addition to the normal PROMAL features the IBM version has a number of enhancements including Direct DOS calls
10. nding on your system including an alphabetized cross reference map You can print or display all or parts of the listing for a ready reference The source code for the SGD screen graphics drivers section of the Graphics Toolbox is also available as a 6502 assembly language file and assembled listing on disk Each source code package includes a brief Theory of Operation manual on disk as well as the source files Please see the order blank for pricing information for PROMAL 2 1 and the optional source code We are also considering making a cross development package available which would run on the IBM PC and allow PROMAL compilation for the Apple Commodore including the ability to compile the compilers and assemble the 6502 runtime library If you are interested please call and let Peter or Bruce know Don t Forget The Public Domain Disks The first two Public Domain Disks for Apple and Commodore are still available We have received several donations for our next Disk and we ll have a new one out very soon ATTENTION APPLE DEVELOPERS We re a little short on public domain contributions for the Apple so get yours to us ASAP These are contributions by users You can freely use or copy them SUBJECT ONLY TO ANY RESTRICTIONS IMPOSED BY THE PROGRAM AUTHOR SMA serves as a clearing house for the PPDL PROMAL Public Domain Library We do not endorse or support the programs Don t even think of calling or writing
11. u can even use Runtime source package to make enhancements or extentions to the system You can now have total control of your programming environment because your Dear Friends friends at SMA are just a little crazy o Are we crazy or what to be selling source code Anytime you do something no one else has done you do feel a little strange Frankly we decided that if multitudes of you Pe Jack Segner Pr sident SMA Inc and Bruce Carbrey show off new PROMAL Source Code products PROGRAMMING TIPS TECHNIQUES by Bruce Carbrey SMA Inc COMPUTING GREATEST INTEGER There are a number of applications where you FUNC REAL FLOOR Val need to compute the greatest integer of a real Return real largest integer less than or equal number such as rounding or finding only the 3 to the real argument decimal part of a number This function is ARG REAL VAL Argument called INT in Pascal and many BASIC dialects REAL NEWVAL Result C programmers know it as FLOOR For WORD I Loop counter positive arguments less than 65536 0 BYTE EXP 8 bit exponent FLOOR X can be simulated in PROMAL OWN BYTE TEMPC6 me Mn ow we using DATA BYTE MASKCI FF FE FC F8 CQ HEO CA 80 BEGIN CX2 4982 IF VAL lt 1 AND VAL gt 1 4 IF VAL gt which casts X to an integer and back to a real RETURN For values outside this range however we RETURN 1 need a more general function For example BLKMOV VAL TEMP
12. unications programs and a windowing demo The windowing program includes routines you can use to generate menus control video attributes color reverse video etc and create professional looking screen displays The current release of the IBM PROMAL compiler is Version 1 9 which directly generates executable programs EXE files of up to 64K of program plus 64K of data Purchasers will receive a free upgrade to version 2 1 in the Fall which supports unlimited code size separately compiled modules and is compatible with the Microsoft Linker and symbolic debuggers If you write scientific or engineering applications you ll be pleased to know that the 8087 floating point coprocessor is fully supported in version 2 1 for fast double precision arithmetic Standard PROMAL 6 byte floating point arithmetic is also included SOURCE CODE WHAT S INIT FOR YOU As you can see we re pretty excited about being able to make the source code for the PROMAL system available to you But it may not be obvious to you what the benefits are of having the source code available Also you may not be sure which source code you need if any Let s try to answer these questions There are lots of things you can do with the source code depending on your needs but here are a few First of all the source code to the EDITor and EXECUTIVE provide a wealth of useful programming examples written in PROMAL There s no better way to improve P
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