brass-girder(lrfd) - Wyoming Department of Transportation
Contents
1. COMMENT Rails gt 2 0 035 5 gird 0 014000 klf COMMENT Total gt 0 853375 klf COMMENT DW Dead Loads FWS COMMENT FWS gt 0 018 36 5 gird 0 1296 klf The COMMENT commands may be used anywhere in the data file They are used here to document assumptions in computing the dead loads LOAD DEAD CONTROL 0 8534 12 0 1296 12 This command is used to define the dead loads that will be applied to the structure Note that the distribution control and deck commands could have been used to automatically generate the dead load COMMENT Live Loads LOAD LIVE CONTROL B LOAD LIVE DYNAMIC L 33 0 0 LOAD LIVE DEFINITION 1 WY TYPE3 TRK L 100 0 1 0 CRIT YES These commands are used to define the direction that traffic moves over the structure the dynamic load allowance and the truck to be applied to the structure as well as other live load options 8 07 Getting Started Manual 4 2 BRASS GIRDER LRFD COMMENT 1 10 of the span 55 125 12 10 66 15 DIST BEAM SCHEDULE 1 V 0 777 0 943 0 00 66 15 DIST BEAM SCHEDULE 1 V 0 700 0 849 66 15 8 66 15 DIST BEAM SCHEDULE 1 ok DIST BEAM SCHEDULE 1 96 0 b5b5 125 12 DU x 4 4 9 2 943 9 66 15 66 15 6 0 QV cO o 0 p Ozola 0 DIST BEAM SCHEDULE 1 240 49105 05 55 125 12 DIST REACTION 1 0 777 0 511 0 240 0 943 0 696 0 510 These commands are used to define the distribution factors for the girder2. BRASS GIRDER LRFD A data file may also be created and or edited outside the GUI using Lancaster University s Programmer s File Editor Notepad or any ASCII text editor This option may be necessary when the data file is too big to be opened within the GUI i e output files and those with a vast amount of COMMENT commands For this case see the special instructions in My Editor below Effective Use of the Command File Many GUI users prefer displaying the active command file while entering data from the dialog boxes This allows the user to review the data while it is being added to the command file You can view the command file at any time by selecting File Command File from the menu Individual commands may be inserted in a command file at any time in any place from a dialog box First open the command file and place the cursor at the location you wish to insert the command usually before the first character of the following command When the dialog box exits the new command line will be inserted IMPORTANT Be sure to place the cursor in the first space below the last command before continuing to enter data from dialog boxes The dialogs send the command data to the last location of the cursor in the command file As always the command file may be edited at any time using standard editor commands Executing BRASS GIRDER LRFD from the GUI The BRASS GIRDER LRFD program may be executed from the GUI First open a command
3. and the reactions Note that the distribution control and deck commands could have been used to automatically generate the live load distribution factors COMMENT Points of Interest OUTPUT INTERMEDIATE 100 0 ON ON UNBRACED LENGTH 100 0 NO YES 0 12 5 81 12 OUTPUT INTERMEDIATE 105 0 ON ON UNBRACED LENGTH 10540 NO NO T 25 12 74 28 12 These commands select the desired points of interest along the span The points of interest for span 1 are located at the beginning of the span 100 0 and the mid span 105 0 These commands are also used to control the amount of output printed to the intermediate output file and to set unbraced lengths There are other point of interest commands for steel structures located in Chapter 7 Steel Output The complete output is available in several files These files are named Getting Started Example with the extensions discussed in Chapter 2 Introduction These files are also located in the Girder LRFD Examples directory Running the Example This example illustrates how to run this example assuming Girder LRFD EXE resides in the C BRASS Girder LRFD directory From the C BRASS Girder LRFD directory at the DOS prompt type BrassGirderLrfd Examples Getting Started Example DAT Examples Getting Started Example OUT The quotation marks must be used since there are spaces within the path Refer to Chapter 3 Running the Programs in this manual for instructions on using
4. dapo 5 Figure 4 1 Getting Started Manual 4 4 BRASS GIRDER LRFD 11 01
5. index with keyword search Due to limitations within the GUIs the GirdLRFD HLP file must be created with an older help compiler Therefore it does not have a corresponding CNT file These files Main Program PIF File Shortcut GirdLrfd bat 7 11 Getting Started Manual This file executes BrassGirderLrfd EXE from one of the GUIs e BrassGirderLrfd SI GULEXE e BrassGirderLrfd US GUI EXE This file starts a DOS window which shows the program progress The properties of this file may be modified so the DOS window will close when program execution is complete However the DOS window may provide useful information when an error occurs By default the DOS window will remain open and must be closed manually 2 4 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Administration and Default Value Relationships The following flowchart illustrates the relationships between the administration and default files Hard coded Initialization Read Overw rite Hard coded Initialization Program UNITS US Administration AGENCY My Company Initialization OUTPUT ECHO EXPAND OFF File UNITS SI Etc OUTPUT ECHO EXPAND ON loop for each A command Is the Store User s Read parameter Hard coded Default File blank Defaults Read Data File Store U ser s Softcoded Defaults loop for each Read command Is the Command parameter userdefined blank commands Get DefaultValue set at A Yes Wa
6. is shown for both US and SI units along with the appropriate units for each Some parameters may default to another parameter For this case parameter defaults are listed with an asterisk This indicates the user should look below the parameter description for an asterisk followed by an explanation of the default The command figures supplement the command parameters and examples Within the figure s text the following notation is used to help illustrate a parameter The letters P D A and L are used to represent a parameter dimension angle or loss respectively These letters are then followed by a subscripted number representing the parameter number i e Pj D2 A5 and L4 Input Format The commands guide the user in building an ASCII data file This data file is developed in a command format Each line begins with a command that describes data entries hereafter referred to as parameters All the commands except for the UNITS command in this program are order independent The UNITS command should be placed at the top of the data file so the appropriate units can be set for defaulting values All other commands may be placed at any location in the data file A blank space following the command is required 4 11 Getting Started Manual 2 1 BRASS GIRDER LRFD The data may be entered as a real including a decimal an exponential i e 12 345e4 an integer excluding a decimal point or an alpha character Alpha characters are ca
7. the GUI and more information on running the program from DOS 7 11 Getting Started Manual 4 3 BRASS GIRDER LRFD nr ers soss UOS MD Y Gr vnnt ineo ids us v eooi poog Aep THIEN O0 Itet VIS 33382 AINid HI BON WIA 35diu8 Svi3Q 3unionuiSu3dns ngua 3009 Amamivvede AVAMOIM ONIROAM PESE ON JOWS TON 4nqy GRE Z ON 409V SIN3WInU v 1v ONIUYJO NOI1VA373 A3iA ONI svapy 6 uj paunbay vaqwos ON RIB V vI Pog u u08g 2r28u 04 0 2 ue nf riu DOA UA TVE 4 ngr pog Buris0ag di dp Ea asa wre L ESI LEI 2 e ere eo v soc ee ve E ae o Lr y 40 e40 Sworgona e liv poah Foor poap VY u014262402 puo adoys apou6 apnizu f u0r40 9 3 18 4904 Uu PO4S Suo r40 8 8 1 0 04 OO OB6 t YAI404A18 esoq pov NOILVA373 GIFYIS JO 378v4 NOUVA313 8270819 VON 4 9v 368 0 99 1 V130 U3N3JJIIS poa buasid A p 62y v2 6 569 02 Lp p Su3u234J145 4 Je o Fas NOLL v207 FEY dy x j oJag QusujnQv t0 Burzo 9 sec 2 95 d 122 Y CC MA 1ap 9 40 pog N NVid SNINVYS p419 jo pug subosydorg busmoys ZON 990 JU NOIL23S d 1VH d 22d L 26 9 OW e n 2 932 s 42 30015 I M wh Fowperes 9 DRK fam pooy sorisa i Baws 08 je BIG jesus od olia t 001
8. 3z Wyoming Department of Transportation Bridge Rating amp Analysis of Structural Systems BRASS GIRDER LRFD Version 2 4 Getting Started Manual October 2014 Copyright 1997 2014 Wyoming Department of Transportation This page is intentionally left blank Contents Disclal MEL 4 cae tea d daia du al da d a a 0 a dada ca d 0 d a ed n i AASHTO Specifications suite Betsscen te ta oala i infor tir ae rro aci fette tea a gl a oa idu Maus i Additional Information and Technical Assistance eccceceeccecssceceeeeeceeccecsneeecseeeeseeeesaeeeenaeeeeaas i Welcome to BRASS GIRDER LRFD sse ii BRASS GIRDER LRED Matillals tastiera od nein a ea a tag ii The BRASS c iii Chapter 1 Installing BRASS GIRDER LRED eee ae e 1 1 System Requirement S in a n a N Gi a E 1 1 Installing BRASS GIRDER LRFD ee ae e 1 1 Chapter 2 Introductio ooo QD DRAIN dst quete ess Dti bo audio usa NR ETE IMS 2 1 M nia OT AIT ALO se aeos ao cie ou aa dia aa 2 1 Papi POETII E Ned 7 A eb eu Sane a ot dt ul a atenta RS AA 2 1 jn cem CETT 2 2 In line Arithmetic sissa ei s eade ede a d dei dae ted 2 2 CGMP Characters cha eid o al a natant lu a R 2 2 OQu tp t DOT sucesos dete mitos ian tUe etu Metabo lup E te tahe 2 3 Files Required to Run BRASS GIRDER LRFD ssssiesesseeeerirreeseserererireeseesrerirrereesrreren 2 3 Administration and Default Value Relationships eese 2 5 Fil
9. 5 respectively COMMAND EXAMPLE 1 14 2 2 3 3 COMMAND EXAMPLE 9 16 COMMAND EXAMPLE 8 12 5 16 COMMAND EXAMPLE 48 7 16 6 Consecutive multiplication and division operations are not permitted The following examples are not supported COMMAND EXAMPLE 50 813 12 2 COMMAND EXAMPLE 50 813 2 12 COMMAND EXAMPLE 48 2 COMMAND EXAMPLE 48 0 5 Continuation Character A maximum of 80 characters is allowed per line in the data file Some commands have numerous parameters and all of them may not fit on one line Therefore a continuation character may be used to indicate that another line follows which should be appended to the command line An ampersand amp is used as the continuation character and must be the last 8 08 Getting Started Manual 232 BRASS GIRDER LRFD character in the input line There is no limit on the number of continuation lines however the total number of characters for one command is 420 An example continuation is illustrated COMMAND EXAMPLE 123 4 567 8 901 2 345 6 789 0 123 4 567 8 amp 901 2 345 6 Output Format Output files may be viewed using most text editors however a word processor is recommended The output reports are formatted for portrait page orientation margin settings of 0 5 for the top bottom and left and 0 3 for the right and a monospaced font such as 8 pt Courier New A monospaced font is required for column alignment In some editors a macro can be recorde
10. 5 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Executing BRASS GIRDER LRED from the Command Prompt Window To open a DOS window Command Prompt go to Start gt Programs gt Accessories gt Command Prompt Then navigate to the BRASS GIRDER LRFD executable directory which is commonly located at C BRASS Girder LRFD To execute BRASS GIRDER LRFD enter BrassGirderLrfd Filename DAT Filename OUT Executing BRASS GIRDER LRED M from Windows Explorer My Computer In Windows Explorer navigate to the C BRASS Girder LRFD directory or wherever you have installed the program Double click on the file BrassGirderLrfd exe A DOS window opens which says Running BRASS GIRDER LRFD To run a single bridge enter lt INFILE gt lt OUTFILE gt Enter input filename Type in the name of your input file Next enter your output file name Viewing Output Files Output files may be viewed using most text editors Unfortunately edit control used by the GUI does not utilize enough extended memory to load large output files Therefore you cannot view edit large input or output files from inside the GUI An alternate text editor is required To alleviate this problem there is an option in the Execute pull down menu called My Editor This option allows you to use any text based editor Norton Deskedit Lancaster University s Programmer s File Editor or any word processing program Microsoft Word Corel Word Perfect as long as it is saved as an ASCII file My
11. BRASS Executes the BRASS GIRDER LRFD analysis and rating program GIRDER LRFD My Editor Opens a user specified text editor or word processor Help Pull down Menu Index Opens this application s help system Show Writes When checked the command and command data written by a dialog will be shown when the Write or OK buttons are selected About Displays a dialog containing version information and the GUI developers Creating a New or Opening an Existing Data File Command File The Windows Graphical User Interface GUI is a tool for creating or editing an ASCII data file command file In the GUI the user must first open an existing or new command file In the event you see an error message while trying to open an existing file which says Unable to read file from disk or Program too big to fit in memory see the section Bugs Gremlins and Other Problems below To create or open a file select File New or File gt Open This places the user in Editor mode The user may create or modify a command file using any combination of the following methods e Type commands within the edit window using the format as outlined in the Command Manual e Select the current Commands pull down menu and then select any of the available commands from the cascade menu Fill in the appropriate dialog input forms to create commands that will be sent to the command file in the edit window 8 07 Getting Started Manual 34
12. E FLANGE 1 WN33x221 36 This command assigns a Cross Section Number defines a standard cross section and sets the yield strength of the analysis girder 8 07 Getting Started Manual 4 1 BRASS GIRDER LRFD COMMENT Span 1 SPAN STD XSECT 1 55 125 12 SPAN SECTION dd Sede Clay COMMENT Support Fixity SUPPORT FIXITY 1 R R F SUPPORT FIXITY 2 F R F These commands define the span length the range over which cross section 1 is used and the support conditions Since the cross section used for this web profile is a standard shape the SPAN STD XSECT command is used COMMENT Material Properties STEEL MATERIALS This command is used to define material properties of the steel girder There are no parameters after the command name because the default values are satisfactory Because the default values are satisfactory this command could have been omitted and the program would have automatically generated it COMMENT Dead Loads COMMENT 5 girders supporting deck COMMENT Concrete unit weight 0 150 kcf COMMENT Slab t 7 5 tributary width 8 5 COMMENT Curbs 2 curbs t 6 top width 16 bot width 18 COMMENT curb area 16 18 2 6 102 in 2 COMMENT Rails 2 rails 0 035 klf COMMENT FWS 0 018 ksf travelway width 2 148 548 5 36 COMMENT DC Dead Loads Slab Curbs Rails COMMENT Slab gt 0 150 7 5 12 8 5 0 796875 klf COMMENT Curbs gt 2 0 150 102 144 5 gird 0 042500 klf
13. Editor To enable My Editor in Windows XP select Control Panel from the Start menu In the Control Panel window select System or System Properties Then select the Advanced tab and click the Environment Variables button Next enter a new User Variable and Value as BRASS_EDITOR and Drive Application Path Application Name respectively Then select the OK button to save the Variable and Value Finally select the OK button to close the dialog It is not necessary to restart your computer for the changes to your Environment settings to take effect Now Execute gt My Editor may be selected from the BRASS GUIs to open your editor NOTE Because the BRASS GIRDER LRED user interface does not recognize long folder names if the editor exists in a folder with a long file name e g Program Files the 8 character abbreviation should be used in the path e g Progra 1 7 11 Getting Started Manual 3 6 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Running BRASS GIRDER LRFD Library Utility from the GUI The BRASS Library Utility program may be opened within the BRASS GIRDER LRFD GUI or opened as a stand alone GUI To open within the BRASS GIRDER LRFD GUI select Execute Run Library Utility Refer to the BRASS Library Utility User Manual for more information Bugs Gremlins and Other Problems Sometimes a user has a data file that will either not open or not execute The following error messages commonly appear These er
14. Figure 1 Vehicle Library This file contains axle weights and axle spacing of trucks BR ASS Vebhicles BLV and weights of lane loads US and SI versions of each 7 11 Getting Started Manual 2 3 BRASS GIRDER LRFD truck or lane load may be stored in this library This file is intended to be maintained by the system administrator See the BRASS Library Utility User Manual for detailed information regarding the type of data stored in the vehicle library Standard Sections Library BRASS Sections BLS This file contains cross section dimensions US and SI versions of each cross section may be stored in this library This file is intended to be maintained by the system administrator See the BRASS Library Utility User Manual for detailed information regarding the type of data stored in the standard sections library Main Graphical User Interface Files BrassGirderLrfd SI GUI EXE BrassGirderLrfd US GUI EXE These files execute the graphical user interface GUI application for their respective units SI or US contained in the file names The GUI is used to create data files for use with the main executable program On Line Help Files GirdLrfd hlp BrassGirderLrfd CHM BrassGirderLrfd Command CHM BrassGirderLrfd Technical CHM are the BRASS GIRDER LRFD on line help files which contain general information the Command Manual and the Technical Manual respectively Each help file includes a detailed
15. Selecting Cancel will return you to the menu bar without saving data Menu Pull down Menu All Commands Displays all the commands available in this application This allows only the All Commands pull down menu to be displayed Steel Displays only those commands pertaining to steel girders This allows only the Steel Commands pull down menu to be displayed Concrete Displays only those commands pertaining to reinforced concrete girders This allows only the Concrete Commands pull down menu to be displayed Prestress Displays only those commands pertaining to prestressed concrete girders This allows only the Prestress Commands pull down menu to be displayed 2 12 Getting Started Manual 3 3 BRASS GIRDER LRFD The Steel Concrete and Prestress menu options are available so only commands applicable to a specific bridge type are shown The All Commands menu option is available so any command may be used regardless of bridge type Once a menu is selected the Commands pull down menu changes accordingly Commands Pull down Menus The Command pull down menu always starts with the All Commands menu The Menu pull down menu should be used to change the Command menu The menus of this section follow the chapters in the Command Manual Each chapter is shown in the pull down menu and the commands are shown in the cascade menus See the Command Manual for information on the commands Execute Pull down Menu Run
16. T These files contain unfactored dead unfactored live and combined actions produced by the program in the form of X y data These files are related tables and may be imported into a spreadsheet program or relational database and manipulated to produce x y plots AASHTO Specification Result Files LRFD TBL SO1 to LRFD TBL S08 Mesh Plot File LRFD TBL MSH Drawing File LRFD PLT DXF 6 13 Getting Started Manual These files contain the results of the AASHTO specification checks performed by the program These files are related tables and may be imported into a relational database and manipulated with queries forms and reports This file contains the x and y coordinates of the structural analysis mesh This DXF file contains the drawing x and y coordinates of the structural analysis mesh 2 7 BRASS GIRDER LRFD 8 07 Getting Started Manual 2 8 BRASS GIRDER LRED M Chapter 3 Executing BRASS GIRDER LRFD This chapter is designed to familiarize the user with running the BRASS GIRDER LRED program the Graphical User Interfaces GUI and the Library Utility program The Graphical User Interfaces described in this chapter are not compatible with 64 bit platforms so these GUIs are only installed on 32 bit platforms For 64 bit platforms a simplified user interface UI is installed which allows a user to open a data file or create a new file run an analysis and open the output files Data fil
17. assistance please visit the incident tracking system at www wydot brass com Users without an account on the incident tracking system can request an account by clicking on the Open a Technical Support Account link button and e mailing the address or calling the phone number listed A username and password will be created and sent to the user With this system you may upload your data file and a description of the incident any error messages any bridge drawings and any hand computations which illustrate the concern An Incident number will be assigned to track the progress of resolving the incident 10 14 Getting Started Manual 1 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Welcome to BRASS GIRDER LRFD BRASS GIRDER LRFD is designed to assist a bridge engineer in the design or rating of a bridge girder for a variety of bridge types Several manuals are provided to aid in the use of the program BRASS GIRDER LRFD Manuals Getting Started Manual Explains installation and illustrates how to run an example data file Command Manual Lists the program commands each of which contains a purpose parameter description examples figures and notes Technical Manual Provides an overview of the program and explains technical information and aspects of the program 8 07 Getting Started Manual il BRASS GIRDER LRFD The BRASS Suite BRASS is a suite of programs that assist the engineer in many aspects of bridge design and rating These programs are describ
18. d to reformat the text This macro can then be assigned to a button or shortcut key See your editor documentation for details Files Required to Run BRASS GIRDER LRFD This section describes the files necessary to run BRASS GIRDER LRFD The following tables list the type of file the file name s and a description of the file Main Executable Program Files This pair of files performs the structural analysis and B irderLrfd EXE specification computations The EXE file may be SE executed from DOS or the GUI The EXE file uses the BrassGirderLrfd DLL DLL file internally Administration Configuration This file contains administration information in the form File of command lines and is intended to be maintained by the B der rfd Admin CF system administrator of a particular agency Command Cee nice lines that should generally be included in this file are AGENCY UNITS OUTPUT ECHO EXPAND This file is the always the first file read when the main program is executed to overwrite the hard coded initialization See Figure 1 Default Configuration File This file contains user defined default information in the BrassGirderLrfd Default CFG form of command lines and is intended to be maintained by the system administrator of a particular agency This file may contain any command that contains default values This file is the always the second file read when the main program is executed to overwrite the hard coded defaults See
19. ed The chapters referenced in the following discussion pertain to the Command Manual Problem Statement Perform a design review of a simple span steel wide flange girder bridge with a reinforced concrete bridge deck 1 6 curbs and steel traffic railing Structure Description See the bridge plans in Figure 4 1 Creating the Data File Commands followed by their parameters are shown in bold lettering followed by an explanation of the input The commands for BRASS GIRDER LRFD may be used in any order The full command names are used in this example All commands have a three letter command abbreviation that may be used instead of the longer names AGENCY My Agency BRIDGE NAME EXAMPLE Getting Started Example Bridge TITLE Design review of non composite one span steel girder bridge TITLE W33x221 wide flange girder with a 7 5 concrete deck It is recommended that every data file start with some commands from Chapter 2 Administration These commands are used to indicate the agency or individual responsible for this data file and to provide a description of the structure ANALYSIS B 1 REV OUTPUT 1 YES These commands control the type of structure to be analyzed the construction staging to be modeled and the output desired By default most output will be printed and it is left to the user to turn output off Other commands from Chapter 5 Output may be used to reduce the amount of output COMMENT X Section 1 STEEL WID
20. ed below Program Description BRASS GIRDER A new version of BRASS GIRDER which combines Load and Resistance Factor Design and Load Factor Design analysis and rating into a single program Performs a design review and or rating of steel and composite steel girders using plane frame analysis and the AASHTO specifications Reinforced concrete prestressed concrete and timber girders will be added in upcoming releases BRASS GIRDER STD Performs a design review and or rating of highway bridges decks and girders using plane frame analysis and the AASHTO Standard Specifications Load factor and working stress computations are performed BRASS PIER Performs an analysis of a bridge transverse section at pier locations The program provides a comprehensive analysis of bridge decks piers and selected foundation types All AASHTO loads and group loads are considered Live load is automatically positioned for maximum actions Load factor and working stress computations are performed BRASS PIER LRED Performs an analysis of a bridge transverse section at pier locations Provides a comprehensive analysis of bridge decks piers and selected foundation types All AASHTO LRFD loads and group loads are considered Live load is automatically positioned for maximum actions BRASS CULVERT Designs analyzes and or rates one two three or four barrel reinforced concrete rigid or flexible box culverts with or w
21. entations or warranties as to applicability or suitability of this computer system Anyone making use thereof or relying thereon assumes all responsibility and liability arising from such use or reliance This software is a tool for the design analysis or rating of structures The engineer using this software is responsible for verification of the reasonableness of the results produced by BRASS GIRDER LRFD AASHTO Specification The BRASS GIRDER LRFD program is current with the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 7 Edition 2014 Rating computations are current with the AASTHO Manual for Bridge Evaluation 2 Edition 2010 with 2011 2013 and 2014 Interim Revisions The US and SI units versions of the specifications are incorporated in this program Additional Information and Technical Assistance Additional information may be obtained from Wyoming Department of Transportation Bridge Program 5300 Bishop Boulevard Cheyenne WY 82009 3340 Telephone 307 777 4427 Fax 307 777 4279 Web Page www dot state wy us home engineering technical programs bridge brass html FTP Site ftp brass password 9 wydot ftp dot state wy us Technical assistance may be obtained from Telephone 307 777 4489 E mail BRASSTechSupport wyo gov Web www wydot brass com Purchasing billing and licensing assistance may be obtained from Telephone 307 777 4489 E mail BRASSBilling wyo gov When requesting technical
22. er setup to specify a printer Exit Exit the application 2 12 Getting Started Manual 33 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Edit Pull down Menu Undo Undo the last change made to the command file data file Cut Cut blocked text out of the command file and place it in the clipboard Copy Copy blocked text to the clipboard Paste After Cut Copy move the cursor to where the blocked text should be placed and paste into document Delete Delete your blocked text Clear All This will remove ALL TEXT in your command file window Search Pull down Menu Find Find the specific text in the command file Replace Find and replace text in the command file Next Find the next occurrence of the text specified in the Find Window Pull down Menu Tile If you have one command file open the command file will fill the entire screen If you have two or more command files open each command file will be displayed in one half the screen Cascade Displays two or more command files over lapping each other Arrange Icons Close AII Arranges the icons of any minimized command files across the bottom of the application window Will close all open command files If the command files have changed you will be asked if you want to Save them to a file name If the command file all ready has a file name Yes will save the changes to the current file name Answering No will not save any changes to the command file
23. es Generated by BRASS GIRDER LRFD ae 2 6 Chapter 3 Executing BRASS GIRDER LRFD ettet 3 1 Running the Graphical User Interface sss sees ea a Piata a ta ada ratata a 3 1 MERS TT 3 2 Creating a New or Opening an Existing Data File Command File 3 4 Effective Us or the Command Pile asit aci E E la aa bs anaes esu eu a oana de aua 3 5 Executing BRASS GIRDER LRFD from the GUI 3 5 Executing BRASS GIRDER LRFD from DOS 3 5 Viewing Output Piles 224 ere Mu cea Cata 3 6 IVT TUCO get c c UH 3 6 Running BRASS GIRDER LRFD Library Utility from the GUI eee 3 7 Bugs Gremlins and Other Problems sss sese eee eee eee 3 7 8 07 Getting Started Manual BRASS GIRDER LRFD Contents Chapter 4 Running Your First Data File eee nea eee 4 Example Data H 4 PROD LCS FAbC HIG DE o cnet tase tona aut Dem as ener edet tco e ue OR Ata e to au a at o ul mt dada 4 Struc ure R TS sle 4 Creatine the Data BIS uso Ran e taie te an Rs as iS E E c eee Oy 4 GST E ee D RE ll EC C 4 3 Runnmg the Example 5 2 12e alea d al sett desde etna AQ ceed endo ge aia a 4 3 7 10 Getting Started Manual BRASS GIRDER LRFD Disclaimer Portions of this system were developed cooperatively by the Federal Highway Administration and the Wyoming Department of Transportation The Wyoming Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration assume no liability or responsibility for and make no repres
24. es must be manually edited i e no input dialogs are provided See the UI Help for details on using this user interface This simplified UI is only a temporary measure until the new merged BRASS GIRDER GUI is completed Running the Graphical User Interface Microsoft Windows based Graphical User Interfaces GUI have been developed to take advantage of many of the features within the Windows environment These features include user friendly graphical input forms also called dialog boxes on line help point and shoot text editors and pull down menu commands The main program may be executed from the GUI however it is not required to use Windows to perform these functions See Running Programs from DOS below The following two GUI applications are available e BrassGirderLrfd SI GUIL EXE e BrassGirderLrfd US GULEXE These GUI applications are similar in their functionality and use See Chapter 2 Introduction for detailed descriptions of these GUI applications To enter the GUI click on the application button if placed on a toolbar or select the GUI from the Windows Start gt Programs menu To navigate within the GUI use the menus at the top of the application window Clicking on a menu bar command will display a pull down menu which lists additional commands Commands in the pull down menu followed by a display another menu of commands called a cascade menu Commands in the pull down menu that are not followed by a act
25. file and then close it The GUI will prompt you to save the file if necessary This activates the command file and prepares it for execution If you do not activate the command file the program will execute the last command file work that was performed on during the current session or it will execute the default file INPUT POL Next select Execute gt Run BRASS GIRDER LRFD You will then be prompted for the data file name to run The current activated command file will be placed in the Input Filename box and the Output Filename will be set to filename OUT Selecting the OK button will begin executing BRASS GIRDER LRFD When BRASS GIRDER LRFD begins execution a DOS window will appear and the status of the analysis will scroll by on the screen Upon completion of the analysis the DOS window will disappear and the GUI will reappear In the event you see an error message saying either Unable to read file from disk or Program too big to fit in memory or to view screen messages in the DOS window for data file debugging see the section Bugs Gremlins and Other Problems below Executing BRASS GIRDER LRED from DOS BRASS GIRDER LRFD may be executed from DOS also called Command Prompt or DOS shell however it is not required to use DOS to perform these functions There are two methods to execute data files from the Command Prompt Window and from Windows Explorer My Computer 8 07 Getting Started Manual 3
26. final entry Use the OK button If you use Write and then OK it will duplicate the last set of data If you inadvertently click the Write button you should click Cancel to exit the dialog This writes the previous values to the input file and exits the dialog box In short OK performs Write and then Cancel in that order Menus Most of the menu bar commands are similar to any Windows application These include the File Edit Search Window and Help menu bar commands However BRASS contains some menu bar commands unique to this application All of the menu bar commands are described in detail below File Pull down Menu Command File Opens the last command file data file you were working on in this session or will open a blank data file named INPUT POL New Open a new command file Open Open a specific command file This option will display a dialog box that i is slightly different than the standard Open box found in most Windows applications You may select any of the filter options by selecting any of the File Type radio buttons the lower right hand corner In the event you see an error message saying Unable to read file from disk or Program too big to fit in memory see the section Bugs Gremlins and Other Problems below Save Save the current command file Save As Save current command file in the directory and name you specify Print Print current command file Printer Setup Open the print
27. ile contains commands each of which are followed by zero one or more parameters Numerous defaults are used If a command parameter has a default value the parameter may be left blank and the default value is used Manual Organization The manual is organized so the information pertaining to a specific subject is located in a separate chapter For example all the information applicable to steel cross sections is located in the steel chapter This includes material properties cross section geometry and point of interest POI data This format was selected to help the user navigate through the many commands The LRFD Specification unified reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete design into one section The manual is organized in a similar unified manner so the concrete chapter contains concrete girder information such as material properties cross section geometry and POI data The prestress chapter is reserved for defining prestressing strand properties losses and strand profile geometry and for defining POI data specific to prestressed concrete Each command contains a section for the command description command parameters examples figures and notes The figures and notes sections are used only if necessary The command parameter section is further divided The parameter number and name is located at the left of the section with the parameter description to the right Below the parameter name the parameter s default value if any
28. ithout bottom slab End skews can also be defined Wall and slab thickness may be specified or the program will set the thickness AASHTO guidelines are followed and Service Load Design Load Factor Design or Load and Resistance Factor Design may be specified Member capacities are designed based on applied truck load soil fill self weight and water pressure Standard AASHTO and user defined truck loadings can be specified Output generated by the program includes culvert geometry moments shears and axial forces at tenth points stresses required area of reinforcement steel design table splice length weights and volumes of steel and concrete and influence ordinates Critical design moments shears and axial forces for each member are summarized BRASS TRUSS Performs a comprehensive working stress analysis and rating of simple or continuous truss or girder floorbeam stringer type bridges BRASS SPLICE BRASS POLE BRASS DIST Performs the design of field splices for rolled beam or welded plate steel girders Design criteria are in compliance with the AASHTO Load Factor Design Standard Specifications and WYDOT design practice Performs a working stress analysis of cantilever sign luminaire and signal support structures Round or polygonal steel poles may be analyzed according to the AASHTO Standard Specifications Performs a finite strip element analysis to determine the factor for wheel load dis
29. ivate dialog boxes A dialog box is a pop up window that contains commands and options you can use to complete a command When you choose a command a dialog box or screen input form displays The dialog boxes guide the user as to what information is to be input into each of the fields Fields requiring a number will not accept alphanumeric characters Furthermore the dialog fields do not allow in line arithmetic so values must be manually converted and entered in the required units Dialog boxes created specifically for BRASS contain five buttons that are described below w This button will write the data entered in the dialog box into the data file It will OK then close the dialog box and move on to the next command This button will cancel the entries into the dialog box and will close the box 2 12 Getting Started Manual 3 1 BRASS GIRDER LRFD pied This button will write the data to the data file and leaves the dialog box open This function is useful when a particular command is to be repeated several times with minor changes to the data i e several rows of reinforcing with minor changes in row location f Write If another line of the same command is desired this button will Refresh or clear the previous input and reset fields to their default values This button will access the help file for the displayed dialog box If two or more of the same commands are desired do not use the Write button for the
30. or reading To retain these messages on screen run the program from the DOS prompt The DOS window will remain active when BRASS is finished running 7 11 Getting Started Manual 3 7 BRASS GIRDER LRED M Other error messages may be Math Error or Divide by Zero Error This message usually indicates that some required data was not input Check your data file for omissions These errors should be reported so a descriptive error message can be implemented in the program code It is hoped that meaningful messages are issued and the program terminates in most cases If you cannot resolve a problem you can request technical assistance using the procedures in Additional Information and Technical Assistance above 7 11 Getting Started Manual 3 8 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Chapter 4 Running Your First Data File This chapter is designed to familiarize a novice user with BRASS GIRDER LRFD Before beginning this chapter the user should have installed the program and completely read Chapters through 3 An example data file has been installed along with the program This file is named Getting Started Example DAT and is located in the Girder LRFD Examples directory Example Data File This example is a non composite one span steel wide flange girder bridge This data file may be run using the procedures outlined in Chapter 3 Running the Programs The remainder of this chapter describes the structure and explains how the data file is creat
31. rors are caused by input files which have too many lines of COMMENT commands and or have too many applications open on the desktop BRASS GIRDER LRFD US x A Program to big to fit in memory BRASS GIRDER LRFD US A Unable to read File c ibrassigirder 1exampleslextgir 9 dat From disk When the program was written the developers did not anticipate that input files would have 500 lines or more of COMMENTS When too many are input the error messages above may appear The capabilities of the program have maximized the functionality of the Borland C compiler and the program cannot be enhanced If all other applications are closed on the desktop and the error message persists the user has two alternatives Either remove most of the COMMENT commands from the input file or follow the instructions in the section Executing BRASS GIRDER LRFD from DOS above Sometimes a user will have a data file that will open fine but will not run properly Based on past experience approximately 90 of all problem logs are attributed to user error Naturally this should be the first place to look when BRASS will not run A lot of error and warning messages have been written into the source code to handle the most common errors It is nearly impossible to anticipate every error that may occur When searching for coding errors check the output file and or screen messages for clues to the problem Occasionally error messages scroll by on the screen too fast f
32. s this command Parameter Value in the II End Determine Default Stored Default of Parameter File file Value Yes Parameter Value Hard coded Default Continue Processing Figure 1 8 07 Getting Started Manual 2 5 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Files Generated by BRASS GIRDER LRFD This section describes the files generated by BRASS GIRDER LRFD The following tables list the type of file the file name s and a description of the file Output File Filename OUT This file contains the main output reports generated from the main executable program This file is generally named the same as the input data file except given a different extension The extension OUT is shown as an example however any extension may be used The Output chapter commands control if various output reports are sent to this file Program Error File If an error occurred running the main program this file will be created This file lists the errors and indicates the Fil ERR Levey source of the problem In many cases a possible solution is provided Floorheani These files contain intermediate output for the floorbeam FileName GroupDirection FBM DL and LL Distribution File Filename DST Shear Connector File Filename SHR Prestress File Filename PS analysis including lane and or wheel line positions and weights These files are designed to contain output for a single live load group and direc
33. se insensitive Default entries are given with most commands and are employed by a blank field or by omission of the command in those cases where all default values are desired Each command has a three character abbreviation that may be used in lieu of the full command name Commands and their abbreviations are also NOT case sensitive Commas are used to delineate parameters The number of spaces between entries has no meaning however do not use tabs to separate entries For example if the third entry of a command is the only entry required any of the following command lines would be valid COMMAND EXAMPLE 2 0 COMMAND EXAMPLE 2 CEX 2 0 Cex 2 0000 cex 2 The user is not required to build a data file from a Windows interface The user may use any ASCII text editor to create an ASCII data file Units Most commands require that data be entered in kips and inches or Newtons and millimeters for US and SI units respectively However there are a few commands where data must be input with respect to feet kcf or meters kg m In line Arithmetic Simple in line arithmetic may be utilized when inputting parameter values This is helpful when inputting fractional values for the thickness of plate girder elements or converting feet to inches Note that no parentheses brackets or spaces may be used and typical hierarchical arithmetic rules are followed The following examples yield 6 6 0 5625 96 3125 and 42 437
34. tion of lane movement The file name addition listed in parentheses is constructed from the group and direction Examples Group Direction File Name Group 1 Left Filename 1L FBM Group 9 Right Filename 9R FBM This file contains intermediate output for dead load distribution and live load distribution factor computations The OUTPUT DIST DL and OUTPUT DIST LL com mands control this file This file contains detailed intermediate output for shear connector computations This file is only applicable to steel structures The OUTPUT SHEAR CONN command controls this file This file contains intermediate output for load balancing prestress loss prestress action loss and stress computations This file is only applicable to prestressed concrete structures The OUTPUT PRESTRESS command controls this file 6 13 Getting Started Manual 2 6 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Point of Interest Files Filename 000 000 0UT X Y Plot Files LRFD TBL POI to LRFD TBL P03 These files contain detailed intermediate output for AASHTO specification checks and load factoring and load combination computations These files are designed to contain output for a single point of interest The file name addition listed in parentheses is constructed from the point of interest input by the user Examples Point of Interest File Name 100 0 Filename 100 000 0UT 104 0 Filename 104 000 DUT 205 0 Filename 205 000 0UT 1010 0 Filename 1010 000 0U
35. tribution for any axle spacing or width and any tire configuration of a truck placed at any position on the bridge deck Standard trucks may also be used NOTE AASHTO formulas are based on empirical data and are applicable to six foot axle widths BRASS DIST will also give results for a simple beam deck to girder analysis for dead loads 8 07 Getting Started Manual iii BRASS GIRDER LRFD Program Description BRASS PAD Performs analysis and design of steel or fabric reinforced elastomeric bearing ads according to the AASHTO Standard or LRFD Specifications 8 07 Getting Started Manual iv BRASS GIRDER LRFD Chapter 1 Installing BRASS GIRDER LRED The installation programs for all the BRASS programs are loaded on a single DVD A password is required to install this program Listed below are the necessary system requirements to install BRASS GIRDER LRFD System Requirements Operating System Microsoft Windows XP SP2 or SP3 Vista 7 8 or 8 1 Microprocessor Pentium IV or higher Memory 128 MB required more is better Hard Disk Space Approximately 12 MB Virtual Memory Maximum of approximately 140 MB Disk Drive DVD drive Installing BRASS GIRDER LRFD The following procedure describes how to install BRASS GIRDER LRFD directly on your computer s hard disk This method may also be used for installation on a network drive If you have installed this program before and ha
36. ve modified the vehicle and or standard sections library files create a back up version of these files They will be over written during installation 1 Close all open applications 2 Browse to the Girder LRFD Exe directory on the DVD or FTP server to locate the installation executable BrassGirderLrfd 2 4 Install exe 3 It using the FTP server download the installation executable 4 Run the installation file BrassGirderLrfd 2 4 Install exe and follow the prompts Installing the BRASS Library Utility In order to edit the vehicle and standard sections libraries you must install the BRASSTM Library Utility which is a common utility used for several BRASSTM programs See the BRASSTM Library Utility Manual for installation instructions 10 14 Getting Started Manual 1 1 BRASS GIRDER LRED This page is intentionally left blank 7 11 Getting Started Manual 1 2 BRASS GIRDER LRFD Chapter 2 Introduction Herein the term BRASS refers to the BRASS GIRDER LRFD program The terms AASHTO Specification and LRFD Specification refer to the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications listed in the AASHTO Specification section This chapter is presents the syntax of the manual and the program It also illustrates some of the program features and help on input BRASS is designed to assist a bridge engineer in the design or rating of a bridge girder The user prepares an ASCII data file to describe the system and loads This data f
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