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Manual - RS Hydro

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1. Low Signal Threshold Errors Allowed Transducer Delay Signal Inversion a ae Watchd Impul W Simul Batt ERE Vatchdog Impulse ave imulate Battery Noise Threshold Screen Timer Response Snapshot Test Detection Threshold Direction Upstream Downstream Display Velocity m Zero P Material Percent Gain Material If Other Transmit Stop Exit Block Length Single Dual Set pre Block 1 Length Sound Speed Block 2 Length Retry Set Drive Contents Current Site Global Settings User Functions User Tables User Settings Menu Commands Figure A 6 The Service Menu Menu Maps A 6 March 2005 Menu Transducer Preprogrammed Units
2. Site Transfer Fkeys F2 Clear F1 Menu Item Transfer Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Menu Maps Figure A 2 The Site Menu A 2 Transducer Lining Material Energy Analog Output Digital Output User Functions Correction Factors Aluminum Brass Titani For iron steel PVC CPVC ANSI IT Yes No Schedule 80 160 Nominal 1 2 to 48 OD OD X PI Wall mm Menu Maps Figure A 3 The Program Menu with Pipe Option Measure Wall with T Gauge See Figure A 6 March 2005 Not
3. Figure 8 23 The Impulse Response Option 1 The first prompt asks in which direction you wish the meter to transmit upstream or downstream a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired number c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 8 38 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Setting Impulse Response cont 2 The second prompt asks for the percent of gain a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired percentage c Press ENTER to confirm your entry You have completed entering data for the Impulse Response option e Press F1 to start transmitting in the chosen direction Press F2 to stop transmitting e Press F3 to leave the option and return to Operate Mode Taking Wave Samples for Diagnosis The Wave Snapshot option allows you to capture receive signals to a file that you can send to a PC for diagnostic purposes To use this option scroll down to the Wave Snapshot entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The PT878 then captures three pairs of upstream and downstream raw signals to a file named Wave01 met If you repeat the captures the successive files will be named Wave02 met Wave03 met etc You can then transfer the files over the IR port to a PC for analysis by a service engineer Note Refer to page 5 16 for information on transferring a file to a PC Applying a Stored Signal for Diagn
4. 00 eee eee ee eee 8 39 Wedge Angle Entering 0 0 eee eee eee eee 3 5 Wedge Sound Speed Entering 0000 3 6 Wedge Temperature Entering 00 0 0 eee eee 3 6 Wetted Transducers Path Parameters for 0 0 0 0 eee eee 3 18 Windows Operating Systems Compatibility with IR 2 ee ooo F 1 Z Zero Base Value for Analog Outputs dsd ieee tees tae da Cee ea 3 33 Zero Cutoff tii Bok be bn ead athe ee hentai edad eh 8 26 13 DECLARATION Sensing OF CONFORMITY We Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland declare under our sole responsibility that the TransPort PT878 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT878GC Clamp On Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort 2PT868 2 Channel Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 L Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 R Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter with TransFlection Mode to which this declaration relates are in conformity with the following standards e EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex C Continuous Unmonitored Operation following the provisions of the 89 336 EEC EMC Directive The units listed above and any transducers supplied with them spoolpieces are addressed under a separate declaration of conformity do not bear CE marking for the Pressure Equipment Directive as they are supplied in accordance with
5. Figure 5 18 The Delete Confirmation Window e Press F2 No to cancel the deletion and return to the File Manager or e Press F3 Yes to delete the site The File Manager appears with the highlighted site now deleted Listing Files by Name If you want to list your files alphabetically by site name within the File Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the gt arrow key to scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu shown in Figure 5 19 on the next page Press ENTER The File Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in alphabetical order 5 20 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 Listing Files by Name cont DEFAULT SIT Site TABLE MET FUNCTIO AAA LOG ins 09 04 02 14 51 10 CCC LOG 5111 bytes Q LOG 118272 bytes free Figure 5 19 The Sort Submenu Listing Files in Chronological Order If you prefer to list your files chronologically by time of creation within the File Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key to scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu and scroll to the By Date option Press ENTER The Site Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in chronological order from the most recent to the earliest Displaying and Configuring Data 5 21 March 2005 Accessing Meter Data The About Option The About option displays useful information concerning the model number and software ver
6. 2 Scroll to the desired output type 3 Press SEL to confirm your selection 4 The prompt then moves to a list of unit types The available units depend on the selection made at the Data Source prompt Scroll to the desired output unit 5 Press F3 OK to confirm your selection 6 You can repeat this procedure for up to 12 different parameters 7 When you have finished press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries or F3 Activate to confirm the entries and start the log If you started the log from the New Log option the PT878 returns to Operate Mode with a Pencil icon in the System Tray if you started it from within the Log Manager the meter returns to the Log Manager Logging Data 7 9 March 2005 Copying Cloning a Selected Log In the Clone Selected Log option you can copy the parameters of a particular log modify the parameters and start the copy To copy a log 1 First select the log you wish to copy in the Log Manager shown in Figure 7 2 on page 7 3 2 Then open the File Menu scroll to the Clone Selected Log option and press ENTER 3 The Create New Log window shown in Figure 7 4 on page 7 5 opens Follow the procedure discussed on page 7 6 to create a log name and press F3 OK to confirm the name 4 The General Log Format window shown in Figure 7 5 on page 7 6 opens Follow the procedure discussed on pages 7 6 and 7 7 to change any settings Note Unless otherwise spec
7. Jr Jl Figure 2 4 Screen After Powering ON 2 8 Initial Setup March 2005 Powering ON and OFF cont To turn the PT878 off press the red key for 3 seconds The screen now appears similar to Figure 2 5 below SHUTDOWN Meter OFF SLEEP Meter Idle CANCEL Resume Operations Figure 2 5 The Shutdown Menu Three options are available e Press F1 to shut down the PT878 turning it completely off Press F2 to send the PT878 into sleep mode In this mode some of the power supplies shut down but the PT878 remains in a standby mode Users can resume taking measurements immediately by pressing the power button e Press F3 to cancel the command and return the PT878 to normal operation If the PT878 locks up you can reset it by holding the power key the red key in the upper right corner for 15 seconds Initial Setup 2 9 March 2005 Using the Screen and Keypad The essential features for operating the PT878 are the screen and keypad Although these features are common on portable instruments the PT878 design offers particular features to simplify and speed operation Screen The primary function of the screen is to display information in order for you to accurately and easily take measurements The PT878 screen consists of seven parts see Figure 2 6 below Current Status Bar Battery Site alternates with Status Menu Bar 2000 11 30 0 53 AM fg Delta T ns Volum
8. The PT878 offers context sensitive on line help screens that describe various features You can access on line help at any time by pressing the key The screen appears similar to Figure 2 8 below Table of Contents Use the arrows and the enter key to select from the links below Press F2 to return to the TOC Site Menu Program Menu Meter Menu Log Menu Service Menu Miscellaneous About Figure 2 8 The Main Help Menu Use the three function keys and the A and V arrow keys to navigate to the desired menu and press ENTER Repeat this procedure to access the desired topic within the menu When you have finished using the Help menu e Press F1 Back to move back one level e Press F2 TOC to return to the Table of Contents e Press F3 Close to return to the previous screen 2 14 Initial Setup March 2005 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data On the PT878 a Program Menu part of the Main Menu enables you to enter information that is specific to each site Transducer types and paths Pipe materials and linings e Fluid types Heating or cooling energy flow rate e Analog input and output parameters e Digital output parameters e User functions e Correction factors For immediate operation the PT878 requires only transducer pipe and fluid data However additional information allows you to tailor measurements as specifically as possible to your particular application Once you
9. CONNECHONS ses Ra E A A Re Se Roe Thad 2 2 Electrical Connections sisii orere cece cece eee eee 2 2 Electronics CONMECHONS ei AAA Ae 2 2 Des CEPA e A Sune Wael aS 1 4 Error MESSALES 00 RO E A Be Ens 9 2 SpecificatiohS conri ii e Wey eats Gag eee Weg Bee ee By 10 4 Theory of Operation 0 0 c eee eee eee 1 5 Energy Option Entering Inputs 2000 3 21 3 24 3 25 3 26 Entering Parameters 00 0 0 e eee eee eee 3 19 Ment Mapi meneg e e AO asi A 11 English Units oi a ie ee tee 6 3 ENT Rei tds a id ind ida 2 12 Error Limits Option 02 0 0 0 00 eee eee eee eee 8 31 Error Messages wy ewe bate vel ie gate dica 9 2 Ballard be See ia ibn 2 5 Errors Allowed o oooocooooooooooooo 8 27 G 1 EXTRA is lees 2 12 March 2005 Index cont F Factory Defaults Option 0 0 00 c eee eee eee 8 41 Feature KEYS di oie ee 2 12 File Transferring to PC 2 eee 5 16 File Manager Sort Menus tddi E A wanes 5 20 File Menu in Log Manager 0 0 0 ee eee eee 7 4 File Transferring from PC 004 4 15 5 17 5 18 Flash Update Option 00 0 2 8 43 8 46 Flowcell ec ii a ane ga ad 1 3 DeESCriptlOns 24 5 hee ees Sati bee rondas wendy 1 3 Flowcell Piping e co cs kk ease a Fa ule Slee Be eae alee beeps 1 3 Fluid Option doi es e evens Make pb eee ees 3 13 Menu Maps ssepe tta etaa tata ath Saat AS A 9 Fluid Problems Flowcell Prob
10. Note Gate Input is used to synchronize the totalizer with the meter calibration system discussed on page 3 44 The gate stops and starts the meter totalizer so that you can compare the totalizer figure with the measured volume of water in the weight tank 1 The prompt asks for the gate active a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired gate active whether Contact Open or Contact Closed c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 2 The second prompt asks for the mode a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired mode either Automatic or Manual c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Stopwatch Totalizer Through the Gate Input option you can implement the Stopwatch Totalizer function to measure totals manually To set up the Totalizer function 1 At the Gate Active prompt select Contact Open 2 At the Mode prompt select Manual and press ENTER Selecting Automatic causes the totalizer to run continuously The stopwatch icon see page 2 11 appears in the system tray To start or stop the function press the minus key on the keypad You have completed entering parameters in the Digital Output option e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Progra
11. Yes Fluid Water 2C Sound Speed 1496 Speed Min 1350 Speed Max 1650 m s Temp 77 F Glycol 10 Figure 3 5 The Fluid Type Window 1 The first prompt asks you to select whether or not you want Tracking Windows These windows are used to detect the receive signal when you are unsure of the fluid sound speed Default operation is No a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Programming Site Data 3 13 March 2005 Entering Fluid Types and Speeds cont 2 Next you must select the fluid type a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu Table 3 2 below lists the available choices which vary with your selection of Tracking Windows or the Energy option Table 3 2 Fluid Type Selection Tracking Tracking Windows Windows Off On Energy Off Other Water 0 260 C Water 0 260 C Oil Sea Water Other Oil 22 C Crude Oil Lube Oil X200 Methanol Ethanol LN2 199 C Freon R 12 Energy On Water 0 260 C Water 0 260 C Water Glycol with Water Glycol with glycol percentage glycol percentage Other with single Other with minimum soundspeed and maximum sound speeds b Scroll to the appropriate fluid If you do not see your fluid on the list select Other Note Depending on your sele
12. and press ENTER to confirm the entry e If you have selected an active return the PT878 asks for the desired input a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to Input A or B c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 22 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option cont Note Jf either input is fixed the analog input s not used by the Energy Option can act as general purpose inputs Pressing the W key returns the meter to the Inputs tab e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To enter data for Custom Cp calculations proceed to the Custom Cp tab discussed on the next page Programming Site Data 3 23 March 2005 Entering Custom Cp Data in the Energy Option To program Custom Cp tables in the Energy Option return to the tabs at the top of the Energy Option window Press the P gt arrow key until you have highlighted the Custom Cp tab and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 9 below To step through each parameter press the V key Energy Options Energy Option Inputs J Custom Cp Custom Cp Edit Table Density Source _ Fixed e Table Static Density Density Table Edit Table Figure 3 9
13. 4 Click Send For a successful transfer the PC window appears similar to Figure 8 32 below while the PT878 screen displays the program ID size load address and a count of blocks being loaded 8 48 Xmodem file send for PT878 IDA Sending CATEMPMINSTOOLEcod S Packet psa Error checking Jer Retries o Total retries o Last error File CO 449k of 1412K Elapsed 00 06 51 Remaining 00 14 41 Throughput fi 1180 bps Cancel cps bps Figure 8 32 The File Transmission Window Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting The TransPort is a reliable instrument that is easy to maintain It will provide accurate flow measurement readings as long as it is operated as described in this manual If problems do arise with the electronics transducers or the flowcell the TransPort displays an error message specifying the possible problem The TransPort also has a set of diagnostic parameters to help you find and remedy the problem In general troubleshooting may be necessary if the TransPort displays an error message the flow readings are erratic or you have other reasons to doubt the accuracy of readings for example readings do not agree with other flow measuring devices connected to the same process This section describes error messages diagnostic parameters and shows you how to isolate problems to one of the following areas e Electronics including programmed value
14. Press ENTER to confirm the value b The second box asks for the interval in terms of seconds minutes hours or days Press ENTER to open the drop down menu and then press the V or A keys to move to the desired parameter Press ENTER to confirm the entry 8 The final three prompts ask for details of the graph configuration if you want to use lines plot the average value or show the minimum and maximum values Press the W key to step through each value and press ENTER to add a given detail as part of the graph 9 When you have configured the graph press F3 OK to confirm the graph settings The screen returns to Operate Mode and displays any changes 5 6 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 The Measurement Option On occasion you might need to change the actual parameter measured in a given window The Measurement option enables you to reconfigure the window with one of five categories of data source velocity volume forward or reverse totalizer power energy or diagnostics and appropriate English or metric measurement units To enter the Measurement option 1 Press SEL from the Operate Mode window until you have reached the desired measurement 2 Press ENTER to open the Display Menu 3 Be sure the Measurement option is highlighted and press ENTER 4 A drop down menu entry Change appears Press ENTER again The screen appears similar to Figure 5 5 on the next page T
15. The Custom Cp Tab in the Energy Option 1 The first prompt asks if you wish to enter or edit data in the Custom Cp enthalpy table a Press ENTER to open the Custom Cp table shown in Figure 3 10 on the next page b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired temperature in degrees Kelvin and press ENTER to confirm the entry c Press the P key to move to the kJ kg K column enthalpy in KiloJoules Kilogram Kelvin Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER 3 24 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Custom Cp Data in the Energy Option cont Kelvin kJ kg K Figure 3 10 The Custom Cp temperature vs enthalpy Table d Repeat steps b and c for the remainder of the table e When you have completed entering values press F3 OK to confirm the table and return to the Custom Cp window 2 The next prompt asks from which source a fixed value or table the PT878 will use for fluid density values Use the lt 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button and press ENTER 3 The menu now varies depending on your selection in step 2 e If you selected Fixed the PT878 asks for the fixed fluid density Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER e If you selected Table the meter highlights the Edit Table button Programming Site Data 3 25 March 2005 Entering Cus
16. Tungsten Annealed Carbide Drawn Zinc Rolled Other Any material c Press ENTER to confirm the choice 3 8 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Pipe Parameters cont d If you have selected Other the meter prompts you to enter the sound speed Use the numeric keys to type the desired sound speed in the text box and press ENTER to confirm the choice 2 The next prompt asks if you wish to measure the pipe wall with the internal thickness gauge If you press ENTER the program moves to the T Gauge Display option as covered on page 8 5 When you have completed setting up and using the thickness gauge as discussed in Chapter 8 press F2 or F3 to return to the Pipe tab 3 For pipe diameter two alternatives are available At the Diameter prompt the meter asks for the pipe outside diameter and thickness But if you have selected certain pipe materials carbon or stainless steel cast iron PVC and CPVC you have the option of entering the pipe dimensions by a standardized schedule Once you enter the nominal pipe size and identification the PT878 determines the OD and wall thickness from an internal table If you select a material that uses the Diameter alternative a You must select from two choices outside diameter or circumference The prompt moves to the OD outside diameter text box Type the thickness in mm or in into the text box and press ENTER to confirm the choice
17. or Move the prompt to the OD X PI circumference text box Type the OD in mm or in into the box and press ENTER to confirm your choice b In either case the next prompt asks for the wall thickness Type the value in mm or in into the box and press ENTER to confirm your choice Programming Site Data 3 9 March 2005 Entering Pipe Parameters cont Note The measurement units shown depend on the choices you have made in the English Metric window or the Meter Settings menu If you select a material that has the Schedule option a The prompt asks if you wish to apply ANSI the ANSI schedule Press ENTER to select or deselect the ANSI box If you do not select the ANSI option the prompt moves to the OD text box and you enter the parameters for the Diameter alternative as discussed above b Press the lt 4 key twice to move the prompt to the Nominal pipe size drop down menu Press ENTER to open the menu Scroll to the desired pipe size and press ENTER to confirm your choice c Press the P key to move the prompt to the Schedule drop down menu Press ENTER to open the menu Scroll to the desired schedule and press ENTER to confirm the choice After entering either diameter or schedule settings pressing the A key returns the meter to the Pipe Material prompt e To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK e To leave the window without confirming the entries
18. signal To change this value a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry You have finished entering values for the Programming window To leave this window e Press the 4 arrow key to move to the Materials tab e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Press F3 OK to confirm the new data and return to Operate Mode The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Servicing the PT878 8 19 March 2005 Displaying Diagnostic Parameters The Diagnostics option enables you to view current diagnostic parameters without having to open a display window in Operate Mode To enter the option scroll to the Diagnostics entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 12 below Meter Error x0000 Down T 430 67 430 67 PE 493 4933 Sig Quality 5257 4952 Amplitude 30 4 25 8 Gain 6 5 7 0 Count 919 297 Signal 65 9 65 9 Soundspeed mis 1503 9 Reynolds Soc kRe 0 7704 Delta T 0 63 ms 0 03 Cancel Figure 8 12 The Diagnostics Window Press F2 Cancel or F3 OK to close the window and return to Operate Mode Note For an explanation of diagnostic parameters refer to Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 8 20 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Calibrating the Analog Output and Inputs The Calibration option allow
19. to calibrate the output If you are unsatisfied with the calibration you can reset the inputs to factory defaults Press the arrow key to move to the Reset box and then press ENTER to undo the calibration You have completed calibrating the outputs To leave the Output window Press the A key to return to the Output tab and the gt arrow key to move to the Input tab Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 8 22 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Calibrating Inputs To open the Inputs window press the arrow key and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 14 below Note Calibrating the analog inputs requires use of a current source Calibrate Test I O Analog Output Analog Input Input Low 4 mA High 20 mA Calibrate Figure 8 14 The Inputs Window in the Calibrate Option 1 Press the V arrow key to enter the window 2 The first prompt asks you to select the input a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Use the W Jor A arrow keys to scroll to the desired output A or B c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 3 The next prompt asks for the value to which you want to set the low input 0 or 4 mA a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numer
20. to erase the entry or e Press F3 OK to confirm the entry The PT878 remains in Site Manager with the site listed under the new name Creating and Managing Sites 4 9 March 2005 Deleting a Site To delete a site in the Site Manager first be sure you have highlighted that site in the left window of the Site Manager Then press MENU to open the File Menu scroll to the Delete option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 4 10 below Site Manager Delete Confirmation Delete The Site A SIT Are You Sure Figure 4 10 The Delete Confirmation Window e Press F2 No to cancel the deletion and return to the Site Manager or e Press F3 Yes to delete the site The Site Manager appears with the highlighted site now deleted 4 10 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 Creating a Site Message The Site Message option allows you to add an explanatory message with up to 30 characters or spaces for any given site To create a site message 1 Press MENU to enter the File Menu Then press the P arrow key once to scroll from the File Menu to the Site Menu Press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 4 11 below ENE File ICM Sort DEF Message e ite Transfer as Text 09 04 00 14 51 10 5111 bytes 118272 bytes free Figure 4 11 The Site Menu in the Site Manager 2 Press ENTER to select Message whic
21. xi March 2005 Table of Contents cont Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation Factors Affecting Performance and Accuracy Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant Material Safety Data Sheet 00 cece ee eee Section 1 Product Identification Section 2 Hazardous Ingredients Section 3 Physical Data nominal Section 4 Fire and Explosion Hazard Data Section 5 Reactivity Data 00 ce eee eee Section 6 Health Hazard and First Aid DATO a gee bineee iq a rn E ees Section 7 Storage and Handling Information Section 8 Control Measures 0 0 0 eee ee Appendix F Establishing IR Communications with the PT878 Windows 2000 XP 0 e cece cece aunan arauan Windows NTA O tas 6 Te dea e es de oe ee Windows Me 98SE 98 95 ccc cee eee eee Appendix G Glossary xii March 2005 Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities The TransPort Model PT878 is a transit time flowmeter which combines all the features of a full size flowmeter with the advantages of a portable instrument This section describes the TransPort features and general system and explains the theory of operation Overview The PT878 measures the flow rate of acoustically conductive single phase fluids This includes most clean liquids sewage some slurries some oil wate
22. 31 for the day depending on the number you have selected for the month c In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry 4 Follow the same procedure to enter the end date and time 5 The final prompt in this window asks for the logging interval a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired interval in seconds c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 6 You have completed entering parameters in this window To select the measurements a Press the W key to return to the Format prompt b Then press the A key to return to the General tab c Finally press the P key to move to the Measurements tab and press ENTER The Measurements window appears similar to Figure 7 6 on page 7 8 Logging Data 7 7 March 2005 Setting up a New Log cont General WEESUicneas NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT Figure 7 6 The Log Measurements Window To step through each entry press the W key 1 Press ENTER to open the first entry The Select Measurement window opens as shown in Figure 7 7 on page 7 9 7 8 Logging Data March 2005 Setting up a New Log cont Select Measurement Diagnostics Meters sec Velocity Feet sec Volume Fwd Totalizer Rev Totalizer Energy Figure 7 7 The Select Measurement Window
23. 9 The Enter Time Window a Use the arrow keys to scroll to the desired text box Press ENTER to open the box b Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted date or time e Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number e Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the text box displays 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the month from 01 to 31 for the day depending on the number you have selected for the month and from 0 to 59 for minutes and seconds In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry c Repeat step 2 for any other entries you wish to change When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entries and close the window Logging Data 7 13 March 2005 Printing a Log cont The PT878 shows a message indicating that 1ts infrared sensor is looking for a printer If the sensor spots no printer a window appears with this message If it spots two printers within its range it asks you to select the desired device If successful the PT878 returns to the Log Manager while the printer prints out the log Transferring a Log to a PC To upload a log to a PC 1 Check that the Communications option see page 6 16 has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT 4 0 che
24. Article 3 Section 3 sound engineering practices and codes of good workmanship of the Pressure Equipment Directive 97 23 EC for DN lt 25 Shannon June 1 2002 yeas Hide Mr James Gibson GENERAL MANAGER LS ENISO9002 T V ESSEN Shannon ISO 9001 US CERT DOC H5 August 2004 DECLARATION Sensing DE CONFORMITE Nous Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland d clarons sous notre propre responsabilit que les TransPort PT878 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT878GC Clamp On Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort 2PT868 2 Channel Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 L Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 R Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter with TransFlection Mode r latif cette d claration sont en conformit avec les documents suivants e EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex C Continuous Unmonitored Operation suivant les r gles de la Directive de Compatibilit Electromagn tique 89 336 EEC Les mat riels list s ci dessus ainsi que les transducteurs pouvant tre livr s avec les manchettes faisant l objet d une d claration de conformit s par e ne portent pas le marquage CE de la directive des quipements sous pression car ils sont fournis en accord avec la directive 97 23 EC des quipements sous pression pour les DN lt 25 Article 3 section 3 qui concerne les pratiques et
25. ENTER to add the letter to the label Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to alternate between a set of upper case capital letters a set of lower case letters and a set of symbols Use all three screens to create a desired label c Repeat this procedure for each letter or symbol you wish to add to the label If you wish to delete a letter press F1 Delete to erase each letter or symbol from right to left on the label Programming Site Data 3 39 March 2005 Entering User Functions cont d When you have completed the label press F3 OK to confirm the label or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the label 3 The next prompt asks for the Units Symbol a Press ENTER to reopen the text creation window b Repeat the procedure used for the Label on the previous page to create the Units Symbol c When you have completed the label press F3 OK to confirm the symbol or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the symbol 4 The next prompt asks you to select the number of decimal places a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired number of decimal places ranging from 0 to 4 c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 5 The final prompt asks for the function itself a Press ENTER to open the function creation window which appears similar to Figure 3 20 on the next page b Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired function or table and p
26. ENTER to confirm the entry 5 The next prompt asks for the parity from five options None Mark Space Even or Odd The default parity is None a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired parity c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 6 The next prompt asks you to select either one or two stop bits The default number is one Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the desired number and press ENTER 7 The final prompt asks you to select either seven or eight data bits The default number is 8 Use the and P keys to scroll to the desired number and press ENTER Programming Meter Settings 6 17 March 2005 Changing Communications Settings cont IMPORTANT Using R232 requires the following parameters Baud Rate 9600 Parity None eStop Bits 1 Data Bits 8 e To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 6 18 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Resetting Forward and Reverse Totals On occasion it might be necessary to clear and reset the forward and reverse totals computed by the Forward and Reverse Totalizers To reset the totals 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Totals entry and press ENTER The window now appears similar to Figure 6 9
27. Factor Single O Table Meter K Factor 10 Data Source Edit Table Figure 3 22 The Calibration Factor Window 1 The first prompt asks if you wish to enable the calibration factor a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 2 The next prompt asks if you want a single K factor or a table of K factors a Use the lt 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 3 44 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering a Calibration Factor cont 3 The following steps depend on whether you select a single value or a table If you entered Single The prompt asks for a value This feature enables a single multiplier to be applied to the flow rate reported by the PT878 a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value Generally if you have enabled the Reynolds Correction factor the correction factor should be set to 1 00 Otherwise the typical factor is between 0 5 and 2 00 c Press ENTER to confirm your selection You have completed entering data for a single Calibration Factor e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878
28. If the PT878 is on the Battery icon in the upper right corner of the screen indicates battery status as shown in Table 2 2 below Note For version 1B of the PT878 software you must also press the red power key in the upper right corner of the keypad See page 5 22 to determine your software version Table 2 2 Battery Status Icons Battery Status Full battery Partially full battery Empty battery Fully charged battery connected to AC power Charging battery Discharging battery Failure missing battery Notification to check battery form see page 6 4 Initial Setup 2 5 March 2005 Replacing the Batteries Caution Replace batteries only with the specified rechargeable batteries The battery charges when the unit is off Do not attempt to recharge non rechargeable batteries If you need to replace the rechargeable batteries use 5 C size NiCad high energy rechargeable batteries GE Infrastructure Sensing Part Number 200 058 or the recommended 3 0 Ahr NiMH batteries part number 200 081 To replace the batteries remove the rubber boot open the panel located on the back of the PT878 unit disconnect the batteries and replace with new ones see Figure 2 3 below O ef o O Battery Location Behind Panel Figure 2 3 Battery Location To further extend the battery power on the PT878 the GE Infrastructure Sensing Part 705 1283 option uses 6 AA a
29. Logging Display Functions Totalizers 10 6 Menu driven operator interface using a keypad and soft function keys On line help functions including pipe tables Storage for saving parameters for up to 64 sites Memory capacity to log over 100 000 flow data points Keypad programmable for log units update times and start and stop times Graphic displays shows flow in numeric or graphical format Also displays logged data Supports multiple languages English French German Japanese Spanish Castilian and South American Italian Portuguese Dutch Russian and Swedish Pulse or frequency totalizer output Specifications Transducer March 2005 Clamp On Ultrasonic Flow Transducers Temperature Range Standard Optional overall Housing Standard Optional Mounting 40 to 60 C 40 to 140 F 190 to 300 C 310 to 572 F None List models or consult factory Environmental flameproof and explosion proof styles available SS Chain or strap welded or magnetic clamping fixtures Temperature Transducers Types Accuracy Range Specifications Loop powered 3 wire platinum RTD s clamp on and wetted thermowell types are available 0 15 C wetted RTD s matched pairs 20 to 260 C 4 to 500 F March 2005 Pipe Size and Material Clamp On Transducers Materials All metals most plastics consult GE Infrastructure Sensing for concrete com
30. Press ENTER to confirm your entry 3 The next value transducer delay represents the time the ultrasonic signal takes to travel from the meter to the pipe material surface To change this value a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 4 The signal inversion prompt enables you to invert the thickness transducer signal Signal inversion may be necessary if your thickness readings show unusual jitter or for certain unusual combinations of pipe and fluid or pipe and lining Consult the factory before measuring the thickness of lined pipes Note When measuring the thickness of certain pipe materials you might need to drain the pipe before measuring the pipe wall because certain pipe liquid combinations muffle the ultrasonic echo Signal inversion should be on unless you have received other instructions To change its status use the lt and P arrow keys to move to the appropriate radio button and press ENTER 5 To enter the noise threshold a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 8 18 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Programming the Thickness Gauge cont 6 The final value the detection threshold represents the percent of peak the PT878 uses to make measurements It will consider anything above the entered percentage as part of the
31. Purpose Label Inlet Temp Units C Zero 0 Span C Figure 3 12 The Analog Inputs Option Window 1 The first prompt asks you to select whether the desired function is off or general purpose a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired response c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Programming Site Data 3 27 March 2005 Entering General Purpose Analog Inputs cont 2 The next prompt asks if you want to label the input a Press ENTER to enter the text box The text creation window appears as shown in Figure 3 13 below Figure 3 13 The Text Creation Window b Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or symbol and press ENTER to add the letter to the name Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to show successively a set of upper case capital letters a set of lower case letters and a set of symbols Use all three screens to create a desired label c Repeat this procedure for each letter or symbol you wish to add to the name If you wish to delete a letter press F1 Delete to erase each letter or symbol from right to left on the label d When you have completed the label press F3 OK to confirm the label or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the label 3 28 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Gene
32. Settings window opens as shown in Figure 6 2 below Meter Settings Units Date 2000 11 1 Time 10 08 53 Figure 6 2 The Meter Settings Window 1 Use the lt and P keys to scroll between English and Metric units 2 Press ENTER to confirm the choice Programming Meter Settings 6 3 March 2005 The Battery Charger The Battery option allows you to monitor the current run time and status of the internal rechargeable batteries as well as to condition NiCad batteries to maintain the maximum life possible Conditioning NiCad batteries a process that can take up to 12 hours for a fully charged pack discharges the pack completely and then performs a fast charge Note When conditioning the batteries be sure you have plugged the AC adapter into the PTS78 and pressed the power key NiMH batteries normally do not require conditioning To open the option window 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Battery entry and press ENTER The Battery Charger window opens as shown in Figure 6 3 below 2 If you wish to open the Part Number window press ENTER You can choose from a 1 8 Ahr NiCd battery part number 200 058 or a 3 0 Ahr NiMH battery part number 200 081 Scroll to the battery type you have installed and press ENTER Note Ifyou do not set the correct battery type in the Part Number window the battery continues to function but the battery status icons see page 2 5 will n
33. Spreadsheet Form To view a log in spreadsheet form be sure the log is highlighted in the left window of the Log Manager Then scroll to the View menu and press ENTER Scroll to the Spreadsheet option and press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 7 16 below 123 LOG Time 03 20 2001 un 14 24 46 14 24 56 450 14 25 06 448 14 25 17 451 14 25 27 453 14 25 37 450 14 25 47 449 Figure 7 16 The Log Spreadsheet Window Use the lt d and P keys to scroll to other columns or the V or A keys to scroll backward or forward in time e To alter the times displayed press F1 Time The Enter Time window shown on the previous page opens Follow the instructions on the previous page to change the date or time e To refresh the display press F2 Refresh The display shows the most current data e Press F3 Exit to return to the Log Manager Logging Data 7 23 March 2005 The Sort Menu The Sort Menu within the Log Manager allows you to arrange your log list either alphabetically By Name or chronologically By Date Log Manager File Log View AAA BBB CCC 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 03 01 01 13 23 21 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 7 17 Sort Menu in the Log Manager Listing Logs by Name If you want to list your logs alphabetically by log name within the Log Man
34. Watchdog Test Impulse Response 0 10 Wave Snapshot HH Simulate EO No Errors Battery Test I AAA Figure 8 19 The Test Option in the Service Menu Scroll to the desired entry in the option menu and press ENTER Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Testing the Screen To test the proper functioning of the PT 878 screen scroll to the Test Screen option in the Test Menu and press ENTER The screen then shows the message Press Any Key To Continue Once you press a key a screen with a checkerboard pattern appears as shown in Figure 8 20 below Press Any Key To Continue Figure 8 20 A Functioning Test Screen Pressing a key two more times should result in two more checkerboard patterns followed by a series of dark and light screens Pressing the key through this sequence should return the PT878 to Operate Mode If the test does not proceed according to this sequence please consult GE Infrastructure Sensing Servicing the PT878 8 35 March 2005 Testing the Keys The Test Keys option checks the functioning of the various keys on the keypad To start the test scroll to the Test Keys option on the Test Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 21 below Press any key on the keypad and a window representing that key should darken Figure 8 21 The Test Keys Window Pressing the F3 key returns the meter to the Operate Mode If any key does not appear on the screen contact GE
35. a period and colon for the time and from a period or comma for the decimal place For each symbol type a b C Press ENTER to open the drop down menu Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired format Press ENTER to confirm your entry 3 The next prompt asks you to select the date format a C Press ENTER to open the drop down menu Three options are available YYYY MM DD year month day MM DD Y Y Y Y month day year DD MM Y Y Y Y day month year Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired format Press ENTER to confirm your entry 4 The PT878 now asks you to select whether you want the time presented in a 12 hour format for example 11 53 23 PM or in a 24 hour format 23 53 23 a b c Press ENTER to open the drop down menu Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the 12 hour or 24 hour entry Press ENTER to confirm your entry Programming Meter Settings 6 9 March 2005 Changing Date and Time Appearance cont A line at the bottom the Date Time Decimal Formats displays how the format and separator selections will appear on the screen Pressing the W arrow key returns the PT878 to the Locale tab e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operat
36. and save the changes The PT878 returns to Operate Mode with the selected site displayed in the upper left corner of the screen 4 6 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 Saving a Site You can save the current site in one of two ways e From the Site Menu you can scroll down to the Save Now option and press ENTER or e From within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu scroll to the Save option and press ENTER In either case the screen appears similar to Figure 4 7 below Save the current site DEFAULT SIT Figure 4 7 The Save Current Site Window Press F2 No to cancel saving the site or e Press F3 Yes to save the site The PT878 remains in the current window Operate Mode or Site Manager with the current site saved Creating and Managing Sites 4 7 March 2005 Saving a Site with a Different Name If you want to save the current site with a different name open the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu scroll to the Save As option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 4 8 below Save Current Site Figure 4 8 The Save As Another Name Window Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or number and press ENTER Repeat this procedure until you have created the desired site name Press F1 Delete to remove any unwanted letters or numbers
37. brochure Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 914 004 for additional information about pipe sizes and sound speeds Transducer Pipe Lining ile Fluid Path Material Sound Speed 600 3 m s Measure Wall with TGauge OD mm OD x Pl mm Wall mm 5 15 708 2 Nominal Schedule ANSI Figure 3 3 The Pipe Option Window Programming Site Data 3 7 March 2005 Entering Pipe Parameters cont 1 The first prompt asks you to select the pipe material a Press ENTER to enter the material prompt b A drop down list of materials opens Table 3 1 below lists the available preprogrammed materials on the list Press the W or A keys to scroll to the appropriate material or scroll to Other for a material not on the list You can press the P key to scroll down by a page or the lt key to scroll up by a page Table 3 1 Preprogrammed Pipe Materials Pipe Material Category Specific Material Al Aluminum Rolled Brass None Cu Copper Annealed or Rolled CuNi Copper Nickel 70 Cu 30 Ni or 90 Cu 10 Ni Glass Pyrex Flint or Crown Gold Hard drawn Inconel None Tron Armco Ductile Cast Electrolytic Monel None Nickel None Plastic Nylon Polyethylene Polypropy lene PVC CPVC or Acrylic Steel Carbon Steel or Stainless Steel Tin Rolled Titanium None
38. if you are using a heating or cooling system a Use the lt 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 3 The program now asks if you are measuring flow at the point of supply or return a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 4 The final prompt asks if you wish to use the standard or Custom Cp method for energy calculations If you choose Custom Cp you must enter tables for fluid enthalpy and density in the Custom Cp tab see page 3 24 a Use the lt 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Pressing the A key returns the meter to the Energy prompt and then to the Energy Option tab e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 3 20 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option To enter input parameters in the Energy Option return to the Energy Option tab at the top of the Energy Option window Press the gt arrow key to reach the Inputs window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 8 below To step through each parameter press the V key IMPORTANT The supply and return must be
39. measure directly from the base of the pit to the inside wall but this is generally not practical for field work The conventional technique is to measure unpitted metal thickness ultrasonically measure pit depth mechanically and subtract the pit depth from the measured wall thickness Alternately one can file or grind the surface down to the base of the pits and measure normally D 2 Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation March 2005 Factors Affecting Performance and Accuracy cont As with any difficult application experimentation with actual product samples is the best way to determine the limits of a particular gauge transducer combination on a given surface B Transducer Positioning Alignment For proper sound coupling the transducer must be pressed firmly against the test surface On small diameter cylindrical surfaces such as pipes hold the transducer so that the sound barrier material visible on the probe face is aligned perpendicular to the center axis of the pipe See Figure D 1 below KO Transducer Figure D 1 Proper Alignment of Transducers for Cylindrical Surfaces While firm hand pressure on the transducer is necessary for good readings the probe should never be scraped along or twisted against a rough metal surface This will scratch the face of the transducer and eventually degrade performance The safest technique for moving a transducer along a rough surface is to pick it up and
40. nominal speed is pro programming sound speed See grammed Bad transducer Flowcell Problems using the Pro spacing Mea on page 9 8 and gram Menu surement is very Transducer Prob Pipe option different from the lems on page 9 11 as described programmed Check program in Chapter 5 sound speed ming and trans ducer spacing E3 Velocity Programming Make sure flow rate Range error poor flow is within 12 m s Velocity conditions orbad 40 ft s Check exceeds pro transducer spac programming and grammed ing transducer spacing limits Tf programmed Velocity value is outside of limit is pro limit change the grammed limits as described using the Ser in Chapter 8 on vice Menu page 8 31 and 8 32 Error Limits See Flowcell Prob option as lems on page 9 8 described in and Transducer Chapter 8 Problems on page 9 11 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 3 March 2005 Table 9 1 Error Messages Continued Error Message Problem Possible Cause Action E4 Signal Tf too high elec Check for source of Quality tronic failure If electrical interfer too low flow ence Check elec cell electrical tronics with a test problem flowcell If unit still fails to operate contact the factory Amplitude Excessive parti See Flowcell Prob Error cles or bubbles lems on page 9 8 present in fluid A lot of second phase present Cycle skip Poor flow condi Check transducer Acceleration tions
41. other warranties whether statutory express or implied including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and warranties arising from course of dealing or usage or trade iii March 2005 Return Policy If a GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc instrument malfunctions within the warranty period the following procedure must be completed 1 Notify GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc giving full details of the problem and provide the model number and serial number of the instrument If the nature of the problem indicates the need for factory service GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc will issue a RETURN AUTHORIZATION NUMBER RAN and shipping instructions for the return of the instrument to a service center will be provided 2 If GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc instructs you to send your instrument to a service center it must be shipped prepaid to the authorized repair station indicated in the shipping instructions 3 Upon receipt GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc will evaluate the instrument to determine the cause of the malfunction Then one of the following courses of action will then be taken e f the damage is covered under the terms of the warranty the instrument will be repaired at no cost to the owner and returned e If GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc determines that the damage is not covered under the terms of the warranty or if the warranty has expired an estimate for the cost of the repairs at
42. press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 7 11 below Log Manager MEVA Sort Details o AAA LOG ate Finished Spreadsheet 03 01 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 03 01 01 13 23 21 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 7 11 The View Menu 7 18 Logging Data March 2005 Displaying Log Details To view details of a given log be sure the log is highlighted in the left window of the Log Manager Then scroll to the View menu and press ENTER Scroll to the Details option and press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 7 12 below State Finished 03 01 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 Precision 8 Error No Basic Velocity Meters sec Figure 7 12 The Log Details Display Window with List of Measurements in the Log Press F2 Cancel or F3 OK to return to the Log Manager Logging Data 7 19 March 2005 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form To view a log in graphical form be sure the log is highlighted in the left window of the Log Manager Then scroll to the View menu and press ENTER Scroll to the Graph option and press ENTER AAA LOG Velocity ft s 2001 03 01 2001 03 01 13 23 41 PM 13 53 41 PM Figure 7 13 The Log Graph Display Window The Select Measurement window opens and lists the log measurement parameters If
43. press F2 Cancel or the ESC key In either case the PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To return to the Pipe tab and scroll to other windows press the A key 3 10 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Pipe Lining Parameters To enter the Lining option scroll to the Lining entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER From the Pipe window you can scroll back up to the Pipe tab and press the P arrow key to reach the Lining window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 4 below To step through each parameter press the W key While programming refer to Figure A 8 on page A 8 of Appendix A Menu Maps Note The Lining option is only available for clamp on transducers Transducer Pipe Transducer Pipe Fluid Path Material MEW Sound Speed 2000 m s Thickness 0 mm Figure 3 4 The Pipe Lining Window 1 The PT878 first prompts you to select the pipe lining material a Press ENTER to open the drop down list of lining materials b Scroll to the appropriate material If you do not see your lining material on the list select Other c Press ENTER to confirm your choice Programming Site Data 3 11 March 2005 Entering Pipe Lining Parameters cont Note Jf your pipe lining is not on the drop down list consult GE Infrastructure Sensing for further information 2 The menu now follows one of two paths e If
44. prompt press the V key to reach the Frequency prompt and press ENTER b A drop down list of five frequencies opens ranging from 0 50 to 4 00 MHz Scroll to the desired frequency and press ENTER 4 The next prompt asks for Tw the time delay This parameter is actually the time the transducer signal spends travelling through the transducer and cable The PT878 calculates the flow rate from the upstream and downstream transit times in the fluid so the Tw time delay must be subtracted out for an accurate measurement GE Infrastructure Sensing supplies the time delay on a sheet of paper inside the transducer case a From the Frequency prompt press the P key to reach the Tw prompt and press ENTER b Use the numeric keys to enter the GE Infrastructure Sensing supplied time delay and press ENTER The program now varies depending on whether you have selected a wetted or a clamp on transducer e Ifyou have selected a special wetted transducer proceed to Confirming Entries on the next page e Special clamp on transducers require three more inputs wedge angle wedge temperature and wedge sound speed 5 When calculating the flow rate the PT878 must take into account the wedge angle the angle of the ultrasonic transmission a From the Tw prompt press the V key to reach the Wedge Angle prompt and press ENTER Programming Site Data 3 5 March 2005 Parameters for Special Transducers cont b Use t
45. reposition it for each measurement not to slide it along Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation D 3 March 2005 Factors Affecting Performance and Accuracy cont Remember that an ultrasonic test measures thickness at only one point within the beam of the transducer and that in corrosion situations wall thicknesses often vary considerably Test procedures usually call for making a number of measurements within a defined area and establishing a minimum and or average thickness Ideally data should be taken at increments no greater than half the diameter of the transducer to insure that no pits or other local variations in wall thickness are missed It is up to the user to define a pattern of data collection appropriate to the needs of a given application It is possible that on some severely corroded or pitted materials there will be spots where readings cannot be obtained This can happen when the inside surface of the material is so irregular that the sound energy is scattered rather than being reflected back to the transducer The lack of a reading may also indicate a thickness outside the range of the transducer and instrument being used Generally an inability to obtain a valid thickness reading at a particular point on a test specimen could be a sign of a seriously degraded wall which may warrant investigation by other means C Calibration The accuracy of measurements are only as good as the accuracy and care with w
46. shown in Figure 4 18 below Press ENTER The Site Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in alphabetical order STIMU Earle v File Site Ej DEFAULT Rae ULT SIT By Date 09 04 02 14 51 10 5111 bytes 118272 bytes free Figure 4 18 The Sort Submenu Listing Files in Chronological Order If you prefer to list your files chronologically by time of creation within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key twice to scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu and scroll to the By Date option Press ENTER The Site Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in chronological order from the most recent to the earliest 4 18 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data The PT878 allows you to view from one to four different measurement parameters simultaneously The screen can show these parameters not only in numeric format but as line or bar graphs as well You can configure any given measurement for your particular requirements To configure an individual measurement press SEL from the Operate Mode window shown in Figure 2 4 on page 2 8 A cursor appears next to the parameter closest to the upper left corner Continuing to press SEL enables the cursor to scroll through the other displayed measurements Once you have reached a particular window pressing the ENTER button opens the menu for
47. standard which allows more straightforward use and faster file transfers while tolerating IR interruptions better e IrCOMM an infrared standard supported by certain Microsoft operating systems GE Infrastructure Sensing recommends updating software via the IrOBEX standard however the IrCOMM standard is available for users who have problems with IrOBEX This section covers procedures for both standards 8 42 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Updating Software Via IrOBEX To begin updating software via IrOBEX scroll down to the Flash Update entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 26 below Update Flash WARNING This will erase the instrumentation coding Choose Cancel to exit or OK to continue Figure 8 26 The Flash Update Window e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without erasing the program Press F3 OK to confirm that you wish to erase the program 4 The meter asks for confirmation Repeat the options shown in Step 1 above After the PT878 reboots the screen appears similar to Figure 8 27 below Panametrics PCI Loader v3 0 2 26 02 HW Rev3 Backup Battery OK Firmware CRC Valid Reload Flash via Infrared Yes No TrOBEX IrCOMM Figure 8 27 Flash Reloading Window Servicing the PT878 8 43 March 2005 Updating Software Via IrOBEX cont 5 The meter now asks if y
48. standard rates will be provided Upon receipt of the owner s approval to proceed the instrument will be repaired and returned March 2005 Table of Contents Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities AO A AN 1 1 System Description nnns usanne eee eens 1 3 a 052 e a E E A e 1 3 Electronics PACKAGE vs il til anne ade 1 4 A coer ceva wreuee mee 1 5 Chapter 2 Initial Setup Making Electrical Connections ooooooooo 2 2 Power Connections sa 2 3 Transducer Connections 0 cece eee 2 3 Input Output Connections s sasssa eneas 2 3 The Infrared Wireless Interface 2 4 Charging and or Replacing Batteries 2 5 Charging the Batteries o ooooooooo o 2 5 Replacing the Batteries a a o kas 2 6 Powering ON and OR ota aula cis 2 7 Using the Screen and Keypad most 2 10 A da co o ra de dd Mee ad 2 10 A A et oe eee 2 12 Obtaining On Line Help 0 cece eee ee eee 2 14 March 2005 Table of Contents cont Chapter 3 Programming Site Data Entering the Program Menu vs res 3 2 Entering Transducer Parameters o oooo o 3 3 Parameters for Special Transducers 3 5 Confirming FATES ies 3 6 Entering Pipe Parameters vastas 3 7 Entering Pipe Lining Parameters 045 3 11 Entering Fluid Types and Speeds 3 13 Entering the Signal Path Parameters 3 16 Path Parameters for Clamp On
49. the PT878 keypad The Main Menu replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Press the P gt arrow key twice to scroll from the Site Menu to the Meter Menu At the Meter Menu press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 6 1 below While programming refer to Figure A 4 on page A 4 of Appendix A Menu Maps Site Program Logging Service Velocity Units Signal dB Battery Date Time 32 0 Locale 4 Contrast Backlight Language DEMIAN Communication MAME NE Totals User Tables 0 0 0 Snapshot EO No Errors t Figure 6 1 The Meter Menu To scroll to a particular option press the V or A arrow keys until you reach the option Then press ENTER to open the option window When entering parameters in an option press The V key to step through the available parameters e The A key to scroll back to a previously entered parameter The F2 key Cancel or the ESC key to exit an option at any time and return to Operate Mode without changing the parameters 6 2 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Selecting Measurement Units The first option Units enables you to select either English or Metric units as global measurement units for the PT878 The selected units then become the default settings for every measurement that has the option for metric English units To select the units scroll to the Units entry on the Meter menu and press ENTER The Meter
50. the strap is wrapped around the pipe the flat surface of the RTD sits against the pipe 6 Secure the feeder buckle to the other end of the strap by placing the strap through the buckle and folding the strap the folded section should be approximately 1 2 inch 7 Crimp the strap closed to secure the feeder buckle in place Repeat steps 1 through 7 for the remaining RTD and clamping fixture When you have completed assembly proceed to the next section to fasten the RTD to the pipe Mounting the RTD to the Pipe Use the steps below to fasten the RTD to the pipe 1 Prepare the pipe where you intend to place the RTD The area should be clean and free of loose material 2 Apply couplant GE Infrastructure Sensing part number 401 001 to the copper face of the RTD Use enough couplant to cover the face of the RTD but not so much that the couplant oozes out from underneath 3 Position the RTD on the pipe and wrap the clamping fixture around the pipe 4 To secure the RTD you place the feeder buckle into the screw buckle and use a screwdriver to tighten Turn the screw clockwise until the strap is set securely against the RTD Proceed to the following section to make electrical connections Temperature Transmitter Installation C 3 March 2005 Making Electrical Connections The PT878 will not accept a signal directly from the RTD therefore you must have some type of 4 to 20 mA transmitter GE Infrastructure Sensing suppli
51. the threshold method you must also enter the minimum and maximum threshold percentage available from 0 to 100 used to measure transit time 2 To enter the minimum threshold a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired percentage c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 3 Repeat step 2 to enter the maximum threshold 4 The final prompt asks for the percent of peak a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys and the key for negative numbers to enter the desired percentage c Press ENTER to confirm your entry You have completed entering data for Peak Detection To leave this window e Press the A key to return to the Peak Detection tab and the d arrow key to move to the Signal Parameter tab e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data and return to Operate Mode Servicing the PT878 8 29 March 2005 Selecting the Transmit Code The Pulse Code tab allows users to select the transmit code used by the PT878 to make measurements The default option Auto directs the meter to select the optimal code based on the pipe size From the Signal Parameter tab press the P arrow key twice to move to the Pulse Code tab as shown in Figure 8 17 below Signal Setup Signal Para Peak Detect Pulse Code Transmit Code Figure 8 17 The Pulse Co
52. thickness To enter the Thickness Gauge Display option scroll to the T Gauge Display entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 4 below Thickness Gauge Measure Display Graph Velocity Zero Material Other Sound Speed Figure 8 4 The Material Window 1 From the Thickness Gauge Display option press the P arrow key four times to enter the Material window 2 The first prompt asks you to select the material for the pipe wall you wish to measure from a drop down list a Press ENTER to open the list b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired material c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 8 6 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Entering the Material and Sound Speed cont If you have selected a preprogrammed material you have completed entering data in this window Pressing the V key returns the program to the Material tab But if you selected Other you can also enter a specific sound speed 3 To enter the sound speed a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired sound speed from the brochure Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 914 004 c Press ENTER to confirm your entry To leave the Material window Press the 4 or gt arrow key to move to another tab to take readings or perform a velocity calibration e Press F2 Cancel to r
53. velocity of sound in the test material and computes the wall thickness from the simple formula Distance Velocity x Time Single element transducers use one element as both transmitter and receiver Dual element transducers incorporate separate transmitting and receiving elements These elements are mounted on delay lines that are usually cut at an angle to the horizontal plane the roof angle so that the transmitting and receiving beam paths cross beneath the surface of the test piece This crossed beam design of duals provides a pseudo focussing effect that optimizes measurement of minimum wall thickness in corrosion applications Duals will be more sensitive than single element transducers to echoes from the base of pits that represent minimum remaining wall thickness Also duals may often be used more effectively on rough outside surfaces Couplant trapped in pockets on rough sound entry surfaces can produce long ringing interface echoes that interfere with the near surface resolution of single element transducers With a dual the receiver element is unlikely to pick up this false echo Finally duals may be designed for high temperature measurements that would damage single element contact transducers Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation D 1 March 2005 Factors Affecting Performance and Accuracy A Surface Condition Loose or flaking scale rust corrosion or dirt on the outside surface of a test piece will interfe
54. 08 3 43 March 2005 Index cont L Language Option 0 2 0 02 eee eee eee eee 6 14 Language Changing 0 0 0 0 eee eee eee 6 14 Limits Option eii See Secs Hie eee Nhe ee eA eee by 5 5 Line Graph Display E c eee R eee 5 4 Lining Option Menu Maps s t ccthe pe A natu wage a anes A 8 Lining Parameters Entering 0000000008 3 11 Listing Files BY Date sect eee A le bea y 4 18 by Date ii eens Gene Slee Shonen eed 5 21 By Name sah e ii 4 18 by N men cnet ade e 5 20 Listing Logs Dye Dates ts At ee 7 24 by Naineyc4 adi een 7 24 Locale Optom ias A Hb 6 8 Lor ii tt it ds da Ed Gale ant 7 19 COPY A A Cea E 7 10 PAIN O 7 11 Ending Aroa Gare o e a eg ele Y 7 16 in Graph Form d ieor eee eee eee 7 20 7 21 7 22 in Spreadsheet Format 0 00 00 ce eee eee 7 23 A thee Eh eg Ge a hae onda one er ed 7 13 Remamin 8 a tai lt peau irrita 7 11 Restarting ostes sissies a Ase Ses Mew eee ee ees 7 16 Stopping A yoke A ees pO A ee Sees cae es 7 16 Transferring to PC 2 0 eee eee 7 14 Log Mia sen dete bets Paar estrada cating 7 3 SO MENU rd eR hates Phew RS HERB la 7 24 Log Menu NE AA pales odes Be bee Dae E EADS 7 15 Eog Creating dica ey ee oe eke ee eee 7 5 Logging Menu Menu Mapia eren ick ied can ti is at A 5 Logging Menu Entering 0 cece ee eee eee 7 2 Logs Deleting Alva nt saree ee ong eae the BRAS 7 12 Ending Alle aci baked px bts pe dak od oe ed
55. 1 75 e mounting angle MA 45 The P dimension would be 48 2 3 8 1 0 7071 2 2 0 1 75 69 4 Measuring P and L Dimensions B 3 March 2005 Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation The PT878 requires a supply and return temperature input to measure energy rate and consumption You must connect the temperature sensors to a 4 to 20 mA transmitter powered by the PT878 or externally and then from the transmitter to the PT878 a special GE Infrastructure Sensing cable is required to make transmitter to PT878 connections GE Infrastructure Sensing can supply the Resistive Temperature Device RTD and a Dual Transmitter DTR or you may supply your own If you supply your own equipment you will need to order a special GE Infrastructure Sensing cable with a LEMO connector to make connections from the transmitter to the PT878 To install the RTDs you need to do the following e find a suitable installation site mount RTDs on the pipe e make electrical connections Use the instructions that follow to install the RTDs Temperature Transmitter Installation C 1 March 2005 Guidelines for RTD Installation You should have discussed possible installation sites with an applications engineer or field sales person by the time you receive the RTDs However you should follow these guidelines to ensure accurate temperature measurement Do not install the RTD on a pipe seam e Clean the pipe at the install
56. 11 March 2005 Index cont D Data Acquisition 0 0 0 cece cee eee eee teenies 1 4 Data Sources Changing 0 00 00 co 5 7 5 8 Date and Time Options urren rrene eee eee 6 8 Date Entering ssc ante eae sialic dalton EE 6 6 Date Time Format Changing 0 00 0 02 urren 6 8 Defaults Resetting t ri crenn ee eee eee 8 41 Delta TOS cri AA ae bo eee ah 8 26 G 1 Description Electro CS ria ee id BER GES 1 4 Error Messages essa ees Sea tees Base ees bw 9 2 Blowcell 0004 bi scien a he ka 1 3 KeGy pads seot iene e tyhncusters ta 2 12 RES A len ORL eee Rae oe A 2 12 SCLC aen ern Sis A ban Bey PO hy Di ea nN bein 2 10 SYSteM pi A ahh os SE dd Gg eth it 1 3 Detection Threshold 0 0 0 0 eee eee eee eee ee 8 19 Diagnostic Parameters Displaying 00 8 20 Diagnosis Gs Se ree 9 1 9 5 Error Messages dra ie 9 2 Diagnostics Option 0 0 cee eee eee eee 8 20 Digital Output Option 00 eee eee eee 3 34 Ment Map iris is 05 than mavntetis dates geting oat nals aaa ss A 14 Display NU seid ais das teed Se ST teed St Salad eas Sa eatin 2 10 Display OPTIONS cito Sse Ss Aiwa See ee eee e 6 8 Display Screen Configuring 0 00 00 eee eee 5 9 Displaying Data as Graph 2 0 0 eee eee 5 4 Displaying Details nas ossos e e ee ee eee 7 19 Drive Manager cosilla AS ERE RE Reels C8 5 14 March 2005 Index cont E Electrical
57. 4 When you have finished press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries or F3 OK to confirm the entries and change the graph Logging Data 7 21 March 2005 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form cont If you wish to alter the time scale press F2 Time The Enter Time window appears similar to Figure 7 15 below AAA LOG Velocity ft s DC gt _ U Enter Time Start Date Start Time 2003 03 01 13 23 41 PM End Date End Time 2003 03 01 13 53 41 PM Figure 7 15 The Enter Time Window 1 Use the arrow keys to scroll to the desired text box Press ENTER to open the box 2 Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted date or time e Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number e Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the text box displays 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the month from 01 to 31 for the day depending on the number you have selected for the month and from 0 to 59 for minutes and seconds In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 Repeat step 2 for any other entries you wish to change When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entries and close the window or press F2 Cancel to leave the window without changing the entries 7 22 Logging Data March 2005 Displaying Log Data in
58. 8 6 Measuring Thickness in Numeric Format 8 8 Displaying the Receive Signal in Graphical Format 8 9 Calibrating the Thickness Gauge Transducer 8 11 Calculating Velocity Pipe Material Sound Speed 8 14 Programming the Thickness Gauge 8 17 Displaying Diagnostic Parameters 8 20 Calibrating the Analog Output and Inputs 8 21 Calibrating the Analog Output 8 21 Calbratinglaputs tc eo el eu sla ces eh 8 23 Setting up Signal Parameters ooooo ooooo o 8 25 Setting up Signal Parameters 8 26 Setting up Peak Detection 8 28 Selecting the Transmit Code 8 30 Setting Error LIS oortes cee E e Gees 8 31 The Test Op O E Os et ee ts 8 34 Testing the SE vara Rade O No 8 35 T sting The KEYS od Snes e tos 8 36 Testing the Watchdog Timer Circuit 8 37 Setting Impulse Response 2 020 00s 8 38 Taking Wave Samples for Diagnosis 8 39 Applying a Stored Signal for Diagnosis 8 39 Testing the BARS iits tM td Men tite 8 40 Resetting to Factory Default Parameters 8 41 Updating PIS 1S Software e eee sak 8 42 Updating Software Via IrOBEX 8 43 Updating Software Via ICOMM 8 45 March 2005 Table of Contents cont Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Error Code Messages ranita 9 2 Displaying D
59. CERT DOC H5 August 2004 USA 1100 Technology Park Drive Billerica MA 01821 4111 Web www gesensing com Ireland Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland
60. CONNECLONS tierce o a ee alae an 2 3 Ent ring Data fonrenn 6403654 RRA CROC 3 3 Installation Angle 0 0 0 cece cece teens B 1 Path Lengths fox o ceck tai ol rieles B 1 Problem sic an ri eS Hee BR ees 9 11 NA eis ashi deck es tas a eee a deb ices 3 5 Wetted or clamp on 1 0 ee eee 3 3 Transfer TOS SoG ak Gio Be ate cee ae a a le wt eRe 7 14 Transit Time Theory of 0 0 eee ee eee eee 1 5 G 4 Transmit Signal Generator 0 0 00 ce eee eee eee 1 4 TRAN SOME eibar a a 1 4 Transmitter Sample Size 0 0 2 eee eee o 8 26 G 3 Traverses Entering Number 0 0 00 00 008 3 17 Troubleshooting 0 0 0 eee eee eee 9 1 Error Messages eg 9 2 Turning On Off sio o eas SR ta 2 7 Tw time delay eiii a eee eid ee Cac 3 5 U Units Optone ni 2405 8 Go Ai 6 3 User Functions Option 0 0 0 3 38 Menu Mapa a o A tty A A 15 User Functions Entering 0 0 0 0 00 ee eee 3 38 User Table Option 0 0 0 eee eee eee eee 6 20 User Tables Creating ii otis cha tees Ra R aia ee 6 20 V Velocity Averaging 2 0 cee eee eee 8 27 Velocity LIMA oia 8 32 View All Sites Option o anrs ona teira E ER EER eee 7 17 View Menu in Log Manager css3 cts nan Sau ele E ARES 7 18 View Option io ie AEN 5 4 March 2005 Index cont W Watchdog Test 20 26 sc hae ii peda cd bee eee 8 37 Wave Sampling wos coed ta Seek Sow eed eae bees 8 39 Wave Snapshot Option
61. CURRENT SITE 09 04 00 14 51 10 5111 bytes 118272 bytes free Figure 4 2 The Site Manager Window Note Each PT878 comes preprogrammed with a basic site Default which serves as a basis for saving data and creating other sites The right section of the screen supplies information for the site highlighted in the list on the left its date time and size as well as the remaining amount of free memory You can use the V and A arrow keys to scroll to a particular site and display information pertaining to that site To open the Site Manager menu press MENU and then ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 4 3 on page 4 3 4 2 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 The Site Manager cont Site Manager micmmcite Sort New EFAULT SIT Open ite Save Save As Refresh Rename Delete 4 00 14 51 10 bytes 118272 bytes free Figure 4 3 The Site Manager Menu Depending on the choice made above proceed as follows e To create a new site go to page 4 4 To open an existing site thus replacing the current site go to page 4 6 e To save a current site go to page 4 7 e To refresh site information go to page 4 9 e To rename a site go to page 4 8 e To delete a site go to page 4 10 You can access five additional functions from the Site submenu shown in Figure 4 11 on page 4 11 e To add a site message go to page 4 11
62. EXCESSIVELY The TransPort will tolerate relatively wide but slow changes in fluid sound speed due to changes in fluid composition and temperature However if you are measuring a fluid that is considerably different from the fluid programmed into the TransPort you may have to adjust the meter for the new fluid Refer to Chapter 3 Programming Site Data on page 3 13 Pipe Problems Improper pipe conditions and or flowcell installation can cause problems with measurement of the fluid flow Check the items below if you suspect this class of problem Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing if you cannot solve pipe related problems 1 THE INSIDE OF THE PIPE OR FLOWCELL MUST BE RELATIVELY CLEAN Excessive build up of scale rust or debris will interfere with flow measurement Generally a thin coating or a solid well adhered buildup on the pipe wall will not cause problems Loose scale and thick coatings such as tar or oil will interfere with ultrasound transmission and may result in incorrect or unreliable measurements 2 THE FLOWCELL ORIENTATION MUST NOT ALLOW SEDIMENT OR GAS ENTRAPMENT AT THE TRANSDUCER LOCATIONS Sediment or gas trapped in the transducer ports for wetted transducers or at the transducer locations for clamp on transducers will interfere with flow measurement Realignment of the flowcell or transducers often cures these problems In some cases different transducers may be used that protrude into the flow stream Diagnost
63. F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 15 The User Functions Option Menu Maps A 15 March 2005 Menu Correction Factors Reynolds Correction Reynolds Correction Off K V Factor Calibration Factor Calibration Factor i On Off K Factor el Table Single Table Data Source Edit Table Meter Data Source K Factor Edit Table Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 16 The Correction Factors Option Menu Maps March 2005 Menu Meter Communications Node ID Comm Interface IR 232 Baud Rate 600 19 2K 38 4K Parity Space Even Stop Bits 2 Data Bits 7 8 A Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 17 The Communications Option Menu Maps A 17 March 2005 Appendix B Measuring P and
64. Fwd Totalizer Fwd Gallons Units Pulse 10 gal Pulse Width 10 us Polarity Low to High Figure 3 17 The Digital Output Window 1 The first prompt enables you to select the output function from five choices e Off e Pulse Totalizer e Frequency e Test Points e Gate Input 3 34 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering the Digital Output cont a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired function c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Note Ifyou select Off you will not be able to access any other parameters in this option If you select Test Points or Gate Input the program goes at once to Step 4 2 The next prompt asks you to select the data source for the digital output The choices vary with the function For Pulse Totalizer shown in Figure 3 17 on the previous page the available choices include e Forward Totalizer Reverse Totalizer Forward Energy Reverse Energy Press ENTER to open the data source selection window shown in Figure 3 16 on page 3 32 Scroll to the desired source Press SEL to confirm your selection The prompt then moves to a list of unit types The available units depend on the selection made at the Data Source prompt Scroll to the desired output unit Press F3 OK to confirm your selection 3 The last set of parameters that appears depend
65. GE Infrastructure Sensing TransPort Model PT878 Panametrics Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual GE Infrastructure Sensing TransPort Model PT878 Panametrics Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 910 219C March 2005 TransPort is a GE Panametrics product GE Panametrics has joined other GE high technology sensing businesses under a new name GE Infrastructure Sensing March 2005 Warranty Each instrument manufactured by GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship Liability under this warranty is limited to restoring the instrument to normal operation or replacing the instrument at the sole discretion of GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc Fuses and batteries are specifically excluded from any liability This warranty is effective from the date of delivery to the original purchaser If GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc determines that the equipment was defective the warranty period is e one year from delivery for electronic or mechanical failures e one year from delivery for sensor shelf life If GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc determines that the equipment was damaged by misuse improper installation the use of unauthorized replacement parts or operating conditions outside the guidelines specified by GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc the repairs are not covered under this warranty The warranties set forth herein are exclusive and are in lieu of all
66. Infrastructure Sensing Note The power key does not appear 8 36 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Testing the Watchdog Timer Circuit The PT878 includes a watchdog timer circuit If a software error causes the meter to stop responding this circuit automatically resets the meter A properly functioning PT878 restarts if you run the Watchdog Test To start the Watchdog Test scroll to the Watchdog Test option in the Test Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 22 below WARNING This test should automatically restart your meter Press Yes to start the test Press No to cancel the test Figure 8 22 The Watchdog Test Screen Press F2 No to cancel the test and return to the Menu screen or press F3 Yes to start the test The PT878 should go blank for a few seconds and then restart If it does not follow this sequence consult GE Infrastructure Sensing Servicing the PT878 8 37 March 2005 Setting Impulse Response The Impulse Response option enables you to force the meter to transmit in one direction only without changing the AGC setting You can then diagnose problems with transducer pipe or fluid configurations To enter the option scroll down to the Impulse Response entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 23 below Impulse Response Direction Upstream Percent Gain 20 Stopped
67. L Dimensions If you are using wetted transducers the PT878 requires you to enter the path length P and the axial dimension L P is the transducer face to face distance and L is the axial projection of P in the flow stream To determine L physically measure the distance between the center of the transducer ports at the inside wall as shown in Figure B 1 below if possible If not consult the factory Y oN E rea Ap Dy D A gt Figure B 1 Top View of 180 Transducer Installation Measuring P and L Dimensions B 1 March 2005 Measuring P and L Dimensions cont To determine P you need the following the pipe inside diameter ID the wall thickness WT the installed pipe coupling length CL the transducers face depth FD the mounting angle MA Use Figure B 2 below to properly measure the coupling length Typically the transducer face is positioned just outside the inside diameter ID of the pipe or slightly retracted inside the coupling Figure B 2 Determining the Pipe Coupling Length B 2 Measuring P and L Dimensions March 2005 Measuring P and L Dimensions cont Use the following formula to determine the P dimension ID 2 WT cos MA 2 CL FD P dimension For example given the following inside diameter ID 48 wall thickness WT 3 8 e installed coupling length CL 2 0 e a transducer face depth FD
68. March 2005 Index cont S Sampling Waves 0 cece eee cee ee eee 8 39 Schedule for Pipe Dimensions 00 0 00005 3 9 Screen Descrptlo edo ii heh dea ae leeis 2 10 OnLine Help tua a pios pele 2 14 Service Menu Menu Maps craro riaan IU IIA Tio A 6 Service Menu Entering 0 0 0 eee eee eee eee 8 2 Setting up PC for Flash Update ooooooooooocococoo o 8 45 Signal Inversion 0 0 0 eee eee 8 18 G 2 Signal Parameters Setting up 0 0 0 0 00 ee eee 8 25 Signal Path Entering 00 0 0c ee eee eee 3 16 Signal Setup Option 00 0 eee eee eee eee 8 25 Signal Applying a Stored 0 0 0 0 eee 8 39 Signals Capturing 2 00 6 seek eth eee wba ee 8 39 Simulate Option ayee p eee ee ee eens 8 39 Site Creating a Message 22 eee eee 4 11 Deleting Vivo dede Soa aS 4 10 5 19 5 20 PHINUN A os e ay 4 13 Refreshing Ai e oueibeere Whats 4 9 Renaming a i sis ssa oat A See es ta 4 9 SAVING Bb enc hve oieie cee Wie Goede a beck ges de 4 7 Saving with Different Name 0 000 000 4 8 Transferring to PC 0 0 0 eee eee 4 13 4 14 Site Manager ici os betas a et AR o da 4 2 Sort Men A ce whe etree e ae wend 4 18 Site Menu aame veiw tai E a a AA 4 1 Site Creating a NEW cia a AA SN eo tote CES 4 4 Site OPEN igs levi ace wisest e pce ates it 4 6 Softkey Clearing ao 0 ee ee 5 13 Softkeys Cus
69. March 2005 Table of Contents cont Chapter 7 Logging Data Entering the Logging Menu s cucsssecsa eeu tess 7 2 TheLlog Manager tay et ct da oie 7 3 A ecu onue aes cee a 7 4 Setting Up a New LOG 6 6 7 5 Copying Cloning a Selected Log 7 10 Renaming ALOG 6 cece eee eee 7 11 Dels nadas tw ht Bend Pat oe 7 11 Deleting AINMOGS 20ccncc2caedeceness desaunee hoes 7 12 Refreshing the Log Manager Screen 7 12 Printing A EA 7 13 Transferring a Logo ar do ot 7 14 The WOGIMON A A way bt 7 15 Stopping Pausing a Log ck wae cen fas O 7 16 Restarting A LOG cece ccc cence 7 16 Ending aio ta o E ee eee eres 7 16 Stopping AIMLOGS cencc2 iria iekd ede eeelex 7 17 Restarting All LogS cos once roer pza 7 17 Ending Alles eae Ree Oe ketene Rion eRe 7 17 VIEW ASMA 7 17 THE View A A ono caine nhs 7 18 Displaying Log DERG Si icon tai 7 19 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form 7 20 Displaying Log Data in Spreadsheet Form 7 23 The Sort MENUS rea ee tce wae Pele Rete Dees 7 24 Listing Logs by NaMe emos rociar 7 24 Listing Logs in Chronological Order 7 24 March 2005 Table of Contents cont Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 Entering the Service Menu 2 2ee eee ee es 8 2 Printing REPO St a 8 3 Setting up the Thickness GUUYge ooooooooooo oo 8 5 Measuring Pipe Wall Thickness o o o 8 6 Entering the Material and Sound Speed
70. Menu Commands All Reports Figure 8 2 The Reports Window Press ENTER to open the drop down list of available reports as shown in Figure 8 2 above Press the V Jor A arrow keys to scroll to the desired reports and press ENTER Then press F2 Print to print out the desired reports or press F3 Exit to leave the option and return to Operate Mode Figure 8 3 on the next page shows a typical printout of a drive report Servicing the PT878 8 3 Ma rch 2005 Printing Reports cont Bytes Free 797695 filename Site Files DEFAULT SIT 01 09 17 MINILOOP SIT 7016 01 09 19 WETTED SIT 7003 01 09 25 STC_2MHZ SIT 6973 01 08 20 BINEX SIT 6372 01 09 20 BINST SIT 6368 01 08 20 8 4 2MHZWET SIT 6982 01 08 26 SOOKCWET SIT 6255 01 08 26 SVIEW SIT 6226 01 09 28 1MHZWET SIT 6181 01 09 26 AMHZCLMP SIT 6209 01 09 26 Log Files LOGO1 LOG 161792 01 09 26 Meter Configuration Files SYSLOG MET 5506 01 08 26 GLOBAL MET 1500 01 09 25 1 Figure 8 3 Printout of a Typical Drive Report Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Setting up the Thickness Gauge For greatest accuracy in flow applications the PT878 can measure pipe wall thickness using an optional thickness gauge transducer instead of relying on the nominal pipe wall thickness In Thickness Gauge mode the PT878 does not measure flow but it can determine the thickness of most standard metal and plastic pipe mat
71. OG State Finished S 03 01 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Pause All Logs Interval 10 Seconds Start All Logs ene End All Logs View All Sites 03 01 01 13 23 21 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 7 10 The Log Menu in the Log Manager Logging Data 7 15 March 2005 Stopping Pausing a Log To stop a log that is currently pending or running 1 First select the log you wish to pause in the Log Manager shown in Figure 7 2 on page 7 3 2 Then open the Log Menu scroll to the Pause option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the highlighted log with Paused in the State line Restarting a Log To restart a paused log 1 First select the log you wish to restart in the Log Manager shown in Figure 7 2 on page 7 3 2 Then open the Log Menu scroll to the Start option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the highlighted log with a status of Pending or Running Ending a Log To end a log 1 First select the log you wish to end in the Log Manager shown in Figure 7 2 on page 7 3 2 Then open the Log Menu scroll to the End option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the highlighted log with a status of Finished The space not used by the finished log is freed for reuse Note You cannot restart a finished log You must create a new log with t
72. Output Function 0 20 mA 4 20 mA Data Source Zero Span On Error Hold Last Value Force Low Force High Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 13 The Analog Output Option Menu Maps A 13 March 2005 Menu Digital Output Function Pulse Frequency Test Points Input Totalizer Signal Gate Active Data Source Transmit Receive Closed Pulse Totalizer Frequency Units Pulse Min Pulse Widtl Frequency Polarity Max Automatic Frequency High Low Duty Cycle Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 14 The Digital Output Option A 14 Menu Maps March 2005 Menu Program User Functions Function ser5 Label Units Symbol Decimal Places e Equation Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press
73. Press the W key to step through these parameters 1 The first prompt asks for the zero input value a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 2 The final prompt asks for the span input value a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry You have completed entering parameters in the Analog Inputs option e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 3 30 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering the Analog Output The Analog Output option enables you to enter information to set up output parameters To enter the option scroll to the Analog Output entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 15 below To step through each parameter press the V key Refer to Figure A 13 on page A 13 of Appendix A Menu Maps Analog Output Function 0 20 mA Data Source Velocity Meters sec Zero pe m s Span 25 5 m s On Error Hold Last Value Figure 3 15 The Analog Output Window 1 The first prompt enables you to select a range to send a current signal to a recording device
74. Press the d or gt arrow key to move to another tab e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the sound speed value Press F3 OK to confirm the new value and return to Operate Mode 8 16 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Programming the Thickness Gauge While the T Gauge Display option allows you to program the appropriate material and sound speed the Thickness Gauge Setup option enables you to view or change five parameters e Low Signal Threshold e Transducer Delay e Signal Inversion e Noise Threshold e Detection Threshold Note The thickness gauge programming settings are entered at the factory You should not change them unless instructed by GE Infrastructure Sensing The Programming window appears similar to Figure 8 11 below Thickness Gauge Setup Low Signal Thresh 0 Transducer Delay 0 us Signal Inversion On Off Noise Threshold 0 Detection Threshold 0 Figure 8 11 The Thickness Gauge Programming Window Servicing the PT878 8 17 March 2005 Programming the Thickness Gauge cont 1 Press the W arrow key to enter the window 2 The first prompt asks for the low signal threshold If the signal strength falls below this value a Low Signal message appears on the screen To change this value a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c
75. Special Frequency e l Time Del Wetted S e8 Clamp on Wedge Angle Wedge Temperature Wedge Sound Speed Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 7 The Transducer Option Menu Maps A 7 March 2005 Menu Lining Material Asbestos Mortar Cement Thickness Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 8 The Lining Option A 8 Menu Maps Menu Fluid Tracking Windows March 2005 Energy ption Enabled Glycol Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 9 The Fluid Option Menu Maps March 2005 Wetted Clamp on Path Length Axial Length Traverses Spacing Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the e
76. Transducers 3 17 Path Parameters for Wetted Transducers 3 18 Entering the Energy Option Parameters 3 19 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option 3 21 Entering Custom Cp Data in the Energy Option 3 24 Entering Analog INputS n a eee ee 3 27 Entering General Purpose Analog Inputs 3 27 Entering Analog Inputs in the Energy Option 3 29 Entering the Analog Output a6 s s56sseepeoeesae se 3 31 Entering the Digital Output oooooooooo o 3 34 Entering User FUNCHAL is 3 38 Entering Correction Factors ooooooccocccoccco 3 42 Entering Reynolds Correction 3 42 Entering a Calibration Factor 3 44 vi March 2005 Table of Contents cont Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites THE Site MONG OR ur ree 4 2 Creating a New Site 2 cece eee ee eee 4 4 Opening an Existing SO dada 4 6 Saving SA A ete OE 4 7 Saving a Site with a Different Name 4 8 REMESHIMNO OSI Stele at a ad eek SE 4 9 Renaming Ate As 4 9 BERTA 4 10 Creating a Site Message o oooooooooo 4 11 Printing a Current Site oooooooooocoooooo 4 13 Transferring a Site File to a PC 4 13 Transferring a Site File in Text Format to a PC 4 14 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 4 15 Listing Files by NaMe nc rs 4 18 Listing Files in Chronological Order 4 18 Chapter 5 Displaying and Con
77. When you have finished Press F2 Cancel to erase the entry or e Press F3 OK to confirm the entry The Save Site window then appears e Press F2 No to cancel saving the site or e Press F3 Yes to save the site The PT878 remains in Site Manager with the current site saved under both the old and new names 4 8 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 Refreshing a Site You can refresh a site updating the display with the most current information in one of two ways e Press F2 Refresh to refresh the highlighted file From the File Menu scroll to the Refresh option and press ENTER The updated information on the highlighted file appears in the window on the right However to save the file you must use the Save option Renaming a Site If you want to rename a site first be sure the site has been highlighted in the left window of the Site Manager Then press MENU to enter the File Menu scroll to the Rename option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 4 9 below DEFAULT B C D E K L M S T U 0 8 1 2 9 Figure 4 9 The Rename Site Window Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or number and press ENTER Repeat this procedure until you have created the desired site name Press F1 Delete to remove any unwanted letters or numbers When you have finished Press F2 Cancel
78. a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired output from three choices Off 0 20 mA and 4 20 mA c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Note Jf you select Off you will not be able to access any other parameters in this option Programming Site Data 3 31 March 2005 Entering the Analog Output cont 2 The next prompt asks you to select the analog output type from a list of choices as shown in Figure 3 16 below Select Measurement Diagnostics Meters sec Velocity Feet sec Temperature Volume UserFunction Aux Input A Aux Input B Power Test Figure 3 16 Data Source Selection Window a Press ENTER to open the window b Scroll to the desired output type c Press SEL to confirm your selection d The prompt then moves to a list of unit types The available units depend on the selection made at the Data Source prompt Scroll to the desired output unit e Press F3 OK to confirm your selection 3 32 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering the Analog Output cont 3 The next prompt asks you to enter the zero base value for the analog output This value represents the 0 4 mA output in flow units a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 4 The next prompt asks you to enter the span full scale value for the analog output Th
79. a log contains more than one measurement you must select which measurement to plot from the list displayed Once you have chosen the measurement parameter press F3 View The screen now appears similar to Figure 7 13 above Press F2 Cancel to leave the window without viewing the graph If you wish to alter the graph scale press F1 Scale and go to the next page If you wish to alter the time scale press F2 Time and go to page 7 22 To leave the window press F3 Exit 7 20 Logging Data March 2005 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form cont Limits 0 Max Rane Set Minimum 52 Maximum 52 2003 03 01 2003 03 01 13 23 41 PM 13 53 41 PM Figure 7 14 The Y Axis Window The Y Axis window shown in Figure 7 14 above allows you to specify whether the Y axis on the graph extends to the maximum value Max over the entire range Range or between certain specified values Set 1 Use the lt 4 and P keys to scroll to the desired limit type Press ENTER to confirm the entry If you select Max or Range for limits you have finished entering data in this form But if you select Set the PT878 asks for minimum and maximum limits 2 Press the W key to reach the Minimum text box a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 Repeat step 2 to enter the Maximum value
80. a specified time that the PT878 backlight will remain on before turning itself off Automatic turnoff enables the PT878 to conserve battery power To set the backlight timeout 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Backlight entry and press ENTER The Display Options window opens on the Display tab as shown in Figure 6 5 on page 6 11 Press the V key three times to reach the Backlight Off text box Then press ENTER to enter the box Use the numeric keys to enter the number of minutes that the backlight remains on from 0 to 99 Press ENTER to confirm the entry To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Note You can turn the backlight on or off at any time by pressing the power switch for I second Programming Meter Settings 6 13 March 2005 Changing the Display Language IMPORTANT To use this option you must have previously loaded a language translation file into the PT878 The PT878 offers the selection of several languages for its display To change the display language 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Language entry and press ENTER The Display Options window opens on the Display tab as shown in Figure 6 5 on page 6 11 2 Press the V key four times to reach the Language prompt 3 Then
81. adio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Note Jf you disable Reynolds Correction you will not be able to enter any other values in this window 2 If you enable Reynolds Correction you will also need to enter the Kinematic Viscosity of the fluid available in the brochure Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 914 004 The prompt asks for a kinematic viscosity value a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value from Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data c Press ENTER to confirm your selection You have completed entering data for a single Kinematic Viscosity factor Proceed to Entering a Calibration Factor on the next page e To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key Programming Site Data 3 43 March 2005 Entering a Calibration Factor The Calibration Factor is used to calibrate or adjust the readings of the PT878 to another flow reference To enter a Calibration Factor return to the Reynolds Correction tab at the top of the Correction Factors option Press the P arrow key to reach the Calibration Factor window The window appears similar to Figure 3 22 below To step through each parameter press the V key Correction Factors Reynolds Correctio KO Uler tioli sre t00 Calibration Factor On O Off K
82. ager press MENU to open the File Menu Then scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu shown in Figure 7 17 above Press ENTER The Log Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in alphabetical order Listing Logs in Chronological Order If you prefer to list your logs chronologically by time of creation within the Log Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu and scroll to the By Date option Press ENTER The Log Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in chronological order from the most recent to the earliest 7 24 Logging Data March 2005 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 For user convenience the PT878 offers a Service Menu This menu enables users to perform a variety of functions that they might occasionally require print out reports set up and view the thickness gauge measurements calibrate the PT878 run diagnostics set up signal parameters and peak detection define error limits test the PT878 screen and keys diagnose setup problems with the impulse response check test points return to factory default parameters load updated versions of the meter program into the PT878 Servicing the PT878 8 1 March 2005 Entering the Service Menu To enter the Service Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT878 keypad The Menu Bar replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Press the P arrow key four times to scroll from the S
83. ak is identified as the point where the signal crosses a threshold that is a percentage of the maximum signal detected Receive Window A window of time during which the PT878 tries to detect the ultrasonic signal It is determined by using the fluid sound speed and the signal path length to estimate when the signal will arrive at the receiving transducer Reynolds Correction Correction factor based on the Kinematic Viscosity and flow rate of the fluid Signal Inversion Option that enables a thickness gauge user to invert the transducer signal Signal Path Path the ultrasonic signal travels from one transducer to the other Simulate Option in the Service Menu that allows users to simulate measurements based on a waveform stored in the PT878 Site A location on a pipe where measurements are made The site includes the transducers pipe fluid type pipe material and other parameters Site File Instrument program that combines all the necessary parameters transducer pipe fluid etc for a particular measurement location G 2 Glossary March 2005 Snapshot Option in the Meter Menu to take screen captures in bitmap format of a given screen display Sound Speed Speed at which a sound wave travels through a given material Thickness Gauge Option that allows the PT878 with an optional thickness gauge transducer to determine the thickness of most standard metal and plastic pipe materials
84. ake all connections to the top of the PT 878 unit as shown in Figure 2 2 below Please note that you only need to make the proper power and transducer connections The other connections are required for particular functions but are not necessary for basic operation Input Output XDCR See Table 2 1 Upstream Downstream on page 2 4 Infrared Transceiver O Figure 2 2 Connection Locations 2 2 Initial Setup March 2005 Power Connections The PT878 is powered by either a 100 120 200 260 VAC wall mount plug in module or by 5 internal C size NiCad high energy rechargeable batteries or by a pack of 3 0 Ahr NiMH batteries An optional power supplement part 703 1283 uses 6 AA alkaline batteries When you receive the PT878 the batteries are not charged therefore to make remote measurements using the batteries follow the instructions on page 2 5 to charge the batteries In either case you must connect the power cord to the appropriate terminal as shown in Figure 2 2 on the previous page IWARNING To ensure the safe operation of the PT878 you must install and operate it as described in this manual In addition be sure to follow all applicable safety codes and regulations for installing electrical equipment in your area Transducer Connections The transducer cables connect to the PT878 with LEMO coaxial type connectors Each col
85. an take screen cap tures see page 6 23 The bottom of the screen displays the three function key options F1 F2 and F3 These keys have different functions depending on the task you are performing Initial Setup 2 11 March 2005 Keypad The PT878 keypad has 25 keys The functions for each key are as follows see Figure 2 7 on the next page 3 function keys F1 F2 F3 enable you to select the special functions which appear at the bottom of the screen e 12 numeric keys including and enable you to enter numeric data e 4 arrow keys d P gt A W enable you to move through the menu options e Help key enables you to access on line help discussed on page 2 13 e MENU Menu key enables you to access the Main Menu e ENTER enables you to enter a particular menu and enters selected values into the PT878 memory e SEL enables you to move between data measurements on the screen e ESC enables you to exit menus or menu options at any time cancels a numeric entry Red key O turns the power on or off and toggles the backlight on or off 2 12 Initial Setup Keypad cont March 2005 ooo OS OA A OOO Figure 2 7 The PT878 Keypad Initial Setup 2 13 March 2005 Obtaining On Line Help
86. and other stored data It is also computer programmable via GE Infrastructure Sensing s PanaView software To assist you the PT878 is fully equipped with context sensitive on line help which is accessible at any time by simply pressing the Help key Internal diagnostic and troubleshooting features help isolate and remedy common flowcell and transducer problems The PT878 operates with all standard GE Infrastructure Sensing transducers wetted clamp on hybrids Pan Adapta plug and buffered styles A built in ultrasonic thickness gauge capability measures the pipe wall thickness when used with the optional thickness transducer 1 2 Features and Capabilities March 2005 System Description The PT878 is one part of the flowmeter system The flowmeter system consists of two essential subsystems the flowcell and the electronics package the PT878 The Flowcell The flowcell is that part of the system that uses ultrasonic pulses to interrogate the flow It consists of the flowcell pipe and the transducers A FLOWCELL PIPE The flowcell can either be created in the existing piping for example by inserting wetted transducers into the pipe or clamping non wetted transducers onto the pipe or inserted as a substitute pipe section spoolpiece The flowcell must provide mechanical support for the transducers and assure stable fluid conditions for accurate flow measurement B TRANSDUCERS The transducers c
87. ansducer to the other without undue attenuation Be sure to exactly follow the instructions that came with your transducers and clamping fixtures Also be sure that the transducer spacing agrees with the calculated spacing S 3 INTERNAL DAMAGE Ultrasonic transducers consist of a ceramic crystal bonded to the transducer case The bond between the crystal and the case may be damaged by extreme shock and by temperature extremes The crystal itself can also be damaged by the same conditions The internal wiring can be corroded or shorted if contaminants enter the transducer housing 4 PHYSICAL DAMAGE Transducers may be physically damaged by dropping them onto a hard surface or striking them against another object Usually the connector on the transducer is the part that is damaged as it is the most fragile Minor damage may be repaired by carefully bending the connector back into shape If the connector cannot be repaired replace the transducers Note that transducers must be replaced in pairs and that after replacement the flowmeter parameters should be checked see Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 5 CYCLE SKIP CONDITION A cycle skip is usually caused by a distorted or altered signal due to poor couplant bad wall or unusual fluid disturbances To resolve a cycle skip recouple both transducers with proper couplant Try standard CPL 1 couplant that is good to 212 F 100 C or CPL 2 for up to 500 F 260 C In addition
88. ap iiron errn 44 eet sie oda Bee eee ees A 10 PC File Transfer epe ccc E eee 4 15 5 17 5 18 Peak Detecta data 8 28 Pipe Diameter Entering osuo stesti nnen ie E eee eee eee eee 3 9 Pipe Lining Entering 00 ee eee eee eee 3 11 Pipe Material ccoo rr in pte 3 8 Pipe Option Ment Map ea ta Goats es Sakae Sle Es A 3 Pipe Problems coi be Sashes sites oe bios E ohh eet Sd 9 9 Power CONNECUOOS greenies See ecg eae Roe aS 2 3 Turn Oncand Olinda Ree eee id AE 2 7 Power Connections 00 cece eee eee eee eee 2 3 Powers O O eeey aee nao ee tone ee Rae fb nee Sakae ea 2 7 Printing a Eog oir nee ea Oey eee SW Can pee ta Bers 7 13 Problems Elowceli iii Phd Aa eed teh a 9 8 Fluid 332 che da i eh ih EE an o ir 9 8 PAPO horae eee Pe T Ses ey cous EEN 9 9 Transducers ii Paria SSN Sat Nee eae RE AS 9 11 AAA da a e a e e is 3 1 Menu Marta ra anion EEE ba A 3 PT878 Keypad neta da dd a 2 12 Powering On Off 0 0 eee ce eee 2 7 Sereen A A vata galiy paket 2 10 PT878 Software Updating 00 0 8 42 PT 878 Features Of vico occa de ee ees eee eee Ha eee ek 1 1 Pulse Potalizer aen ai renta 3 35 R ROCA A ae OOE 1 4 Refreshing A SILC AE BEAD TAO A Oh 4 9 Reports Option oi ada e ee eee 8 3 8 4 Reports Printing ico og tds chan chee eee abe ewe og 8 3 8 4 Reverse Total Resetting 00 eee eee eee eee 6 19 Reynolds Correction Entering 00 0 000020005 3 42
89. as been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program Files QuickBeam Suite is running 2 You can send the file in one of two ways For Windows NT 4 0 e Click on the desired file and drag it onto the rocket button in the QuickBeam window as shown in Figure 5 14 below or QuickBeam File Send Options Help Figure 5 14 The QuickBeam Window Displaying and Configuring Data 5 17 March 2005 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 cont Open the Send menu in the QuickBeam window enter the Files or Files on Clipboard option scroll to the desired file and click Send QuickBeam opens a window indicating that it is downloading the file When the download is complete the meter returns to the Drive Manager If you close and reopen the Drive Manager the file appears as one of the listed sites For Windows 95 98 2000 e Click on the Infrared icon in the System Tray of your PC as shown in Figure 5 15 below Figure 5 15 Infrared Icon in System Tray The Wireless Link window for Windows 2000 shown in Figure 5 16 below or the Infrared Transfer Application for Windows 95 98 appears Select the desired file and click Send or eN Cy Select the files or folders you want to send to another wireless device and click Eoi Send You ca
90. ata 0000000 8 17 Low Signal Threshold 0 0 00 c cece eee eee 8 18 SOUP ae iti cence Reg ee aR Eso eaten 8 5 Sound Speed jic da 4 pene dae peg ee Bea ewey Ske Meg 8 14 8 15 Specifications se eae tN sche es 10 9 Theory of Operation 0 0 00 eee eee eee D 1 Thickness Gauge Setup 0 0 eee eee eee eee 8 18 Detection Threshold 0 00 0 0 cee eee ee eee 8 19 Signal Inversion oriol ee ee vga ee els 8 18 G 2 Transducer Delay 0 0 0 eee ee eee 8 18 Time Delay Entering 0 0 3 5 Time Entei peues pu eat oe Sond St soe Pe eee ao eden 6 6 Timing CCU aia a uA es 1 4 Totals Resetting inr cine od ay eck dba 6 19 Tracking Windows 0 0 cece eee eee nee 3 13 TIAS UC rot ais a as 10 7 Transducer Connections 0 0 00 cece eee eee 2 3 Transducer Delay cita tuck rr RAR RA Se RE 8 18 Transducer Number Entering 00000002 ee 3 4 Transducer Option s ssns 0 0 0 cece eee eee eee 3 3 Menu Map ccs acicssnas cartier oA tt ey A 7 Transducer Signal Limits 0 00 0 002 e eee 8 31 March 2005 Index cont T cont Transducer Spacing Entering 0 00 00 0000 3 17 TRANSDUCERS 0000004 Sine ena oth eee en eee sg 1 3 G 3 Transduc rS sap seer ste E E gee eae AY 1 3 G 3 Axial Dimension 0 0 0 0 cece eee ee eee B 1 Bias 90 Installation 0 0 00 eee eee eee B 1
91. ate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To scroll to other windows press the d or P key 3 18 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering the Energy Option Parameters The Energy Option enables you to calculate the energy of a system based on the temperature at a supply point the temperature at a return point and the flow of fluid through the system To enter the Energy Option scroll to the Energy entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 7 below To step through each parameter press the V key While programming refer to Figure A 11 on page A 11 of Appendix A Menu Maps Energy Options Energy Option Inputs Custom Cp Energy O Disabled 0 Enabled System 6 Heating O Cooling Flow Measurement at e Supply O Return Calculation Method _ Standard 6 Custom Cp Figure 3 7 The Energy Option Window 1 The first prompt asks if you want to disable or enable the Energy Option a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Note Jf you select Disabled you cannot select any other prompt in this window Programming Site Data 3 19 March 2005 Entering the Energy Option Parameters cont 2 The next prompt asks
92. ation location Do not install the RTD on the top or the bottom of the pipe e Apply thermal couplant to the RTD before mounting it to the pipe e Insulate the pipe and RTD after installation If you have a GE Infrastructure Sensing RTD use the instructions in the next section to properly mount the RTD on the pipe Mounting RTDs on the Pipe GE Infrastructure Sensing supplies a clamping fixture to mount the RTDs to the pipe however you must assemble the clamping fixture before you can mount the RTDs to the pipe Use the following instructions below to mount the RTDs Assembling the Clamping Fixture The clamping fixture consists of the following parts one strap length depends on the pipe size e ascrew buckle e a feeder buckle To assemble the clamping fixture 1 Cut the strap equal to the circumference of the pipe 2 Fold 1 2 inch of one end of the strap into a hook shape C 2 Temperature Transmitter Installation March 2005 Assembling the Clamping Fixture cont 3 Secure the screw buckle to one end of the strap by placing the strap through the buckle and folding the strap 4 Crimp the strap closed to secure the screw buckle in place 5 Each RTD has a securing post located on the rounded portion of the RTD that secures the RTD in place when it is mounted on the pipe Place the RTD on the strap by sliding the strap under the securing post IMPORTANT Make sure you place the RTD on the strap so when
93. aying and Configuring Data March 2005 Managing Files The Drive Manager cont File Manager Transfer Info SYSLOG MET Refresh T Delete TABLE MET FUNCTIO AAA LOG BBB LOG 03 15 01 10 39 20 CCC LOG 6402 bytes Q LOG 91136 bytes free Figure 5 12 The File Manager Menu To transfer refresh or delete a file first be sure the file is highlighted in the window on the left Then press MENU to open the File Menu and scroll to the appropriate option as shown in Figure 5 12 above Press ENTER The PT878 then performs the desired action with the file Displaying and Configuring Data 5 15 March 2005 Transferring a File to a PC To upload a log meter bitmap or site file to a PC 1 Check that the Communications option on the PT878 see page 6 16 has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program Files QuickBeam Suite is running 2 Highlight the desired site in the left window of the Drive Manager 3 Press MENU scroll to the Transfer option and press ENTER The screen shows a message indicating that the PT878 is searching for an infrared device If the scanner spots no device a window appears with this message and asks if you want to try again If it finds a device it sends another message indi
94. below Site Program Bail ogging Service Velocity f Units Signal dB Battery Date Time 32 0 Locale eN Contrast Backlight Language DEMAS Communication KUUGA 0 User Taca Snapsho Reset Rev Total E0 No Errors TE JE Figure 6 9 The Resetting Totals Menu 2 Use the V or A arrow keys to choose the total to be reset 3 Press ENTER to reset the total s The meter resets the selected total s to 0 0 and returns to Operate Mode Programming Meter Settings 6 19 March 2005 Setting Up User Tables When you program user functions see page 3 38 you can also support them with up to six user tables of non linear or empirical data To program one or more user tables 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the User Tables entry and press ENTER The window now appears similar to Figure 6 10 below User Function Tables Table Table 1 Table ID UserTable1 Data Points Max Points Edit Tables Figure 6 10 The User Tables Window 2 The first prompt asks you to select the table to be programmed a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the table you wish to program c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 6 20 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Setting up User Tables cont 3 The next step is to create a Table ID a Pre
95. boot 238 x 138 x 38 mm 9 4 x 5 5 x 1 5 inches Weight with boot 1 36 kg 3 Ib Enclosure Submersible IP67 Flow Accuracy Velocity of reading Clamp on Transducers Pipe Diameter gt 150 mm 6 in 1 to 2 of reading typical Pipe Diameter lt 150 mm 6 in 2 to 5 of reading typical Note Accuracy depends on pipe size and whether measurement is one path or two path Accuracy to 0 5 of reading may be achievable with process calibration Range 12 2 to 12 2 m s 40 to 40 ft s Rangeability 400 1 Repeatability 0 1 to 0 3 of reading Note Specifications assume a fully developed flow profile typically 10 diameters upstream and 5 diameters downstream of straight pipe run and flow velocity greater than I ft s 0 3 m s Energy Accuracy The accuracy of the energy measurement of reading is a combination of the accuracy of the flow and temperature measurement Accuracy of 1 is typical for calibrated systems 10 2 Specifications March 2005 Overall cont Low Voltage This unit complies with European Directive Standard EN61010 1 Installation Compliance Category II Pollution Degree 2 EMC This unit complies with EN61326 1998 Directive CL A Annex C For continuous Compliance unmonitored operation follow provisions of the 89 336 EMC Compliance Specifications 10 3 March 2005 Electrical Internal Batteries Type Battery Life Battery Charger Input Memory Environmenta
96. cating that it is uploading the site The meter also displays a message if the upload fails When the upload is complete the meter returns to the Drive Manager The PC holds the transferred file in the C VIR_Inbox folder C My Received Files for Windows 98 or Desktop for Windows 2000 as shown in Figure 5 13 below You can open the file on the PC using any text editor C lr_Inbox oj xi File Edit View Help Default2 sit Figure 5 13 The IR_Inbox Folder with Transferred File 5 16 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 Once you have stored site or meter files to a PC you can then transfer them back to the PT878 over the IR interface The PT878 only accepts files with a sit site or met meter extension If you try renaming another type of file with a sit or met extension and transfer it it will be transferred but it will not function if you open it Also if you are transferring a file and the meter already has a file with the identical name the meter will overwrite its current file with the transferred file If the transferred file has a name longer than eight characters the meter will shorten the name to eight characters and replace any spaces in the name with underbars Note tis not possible to download log files back to the PT878 To download a site or meter file from a PC to a PT878 1 Check that the Communications option on the PT878 see page 6 16 h
97. ck that the OuickBeam software available through the path C Program Files QuickBeam Suite is running 2 Highlight the desired log in the left window of the Log Manager 3 Press MENU scroll to the Transfer option and press ENTER The screen shows a message indicating that the PT878 is searching for an infrared device If the sensor spots no device a window appears with this message and asks if you want to try again If it finds a device it sends another message indicating that it is uploading the log The meter also displays a message if the upload fails When the upload is complete the meter returns to the Site Manager The PC holds the transferred log in a CMr_Inbox folder C Ir_Inbox for Windows NT C My Received Files for Windows 98 or Desktop for Windows 2000 You can open the file on the PC using the PanaLog Viewer available at www gesensing com or PanaView software and export it in Microsoft Excel format Note You cannot download log files back to the PT878 7 14 Logging Data March 2005 The Log Menu The Log Menu allows you to pause restart or end any or all logs that are currently pending or running However you cannot restart any finished logs even if they were finished before the programmed end time To open the Log Menu in the Log Manager press MENU Scroll to the Log option and press ENTER The window appears similar to Figure 7 10 below Log Manager View Sort Info AAA L
98. corroded or shorted if contaminants enter the transducer housing 4 PHYSICAL DAMAGE Transducers may be physically damaged by dropping them onto a hard surface or striking them against another object Usually the connector on the transducer is the part that is damaged as it is the most fragile Minor damage may be repaired by carefully bending the connector back into shape If the connector cannot be repaired replace the transducers Note that transducers must be replaced in pairs Before replacement make sure that the transducer number in the programmed parameters is the one engraved on the new transducers see Chapter 3 Programming Site Data Clamp on Transducer Problems 1 POOR COUPLING TO PIPE Clamp on transducers must be in intimate contact with the pipe The pipe wall must be smooth and generally free of paint The couplant material must fill voids between the transducer and the pipe and must be firmly coupled or bonded to both the pipe and the transducer The pipe and transducer must be clean and dry for permanent couplant such as grease or epoxy to adhere properly Enough pressure must be applied to the transducer by its clamp to hold it firmly against the pipe 9 12 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting March 2005 Clamp on Transducer Problems cont 2 MISALIGNMENT The transducer transmits relatively narrow beams of ultrasound and therefore transducer alignment is critical to assure that the beam can travel from one tr
99. ction additional prompts may appear as specified in Table 3 2 above c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 3 14 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Fluid Types and Speeds cont At the end of any sequence pressing the V key returns you to the Tracking Windows prompt e To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To scroll to other windows press the d or gt key Programming Site Data 3 15 March 2005 Entering the Signal Path Parameters To enter the Path option scroll to the Path entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER From the Lining window you can scroll back up to the Lining tab and press the P arrow key to reach the Path window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 6 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure A 10 on page A 10 of Appendix A Menu Maps Transducer Pipe Transducer Pipe Lining Fluid Path Length 248 92 Axial Length 203 2 Traverses 1 Spacing Figure 3 6 The Signal Path Window The prompts available for the Path option depend on whether you have selected clamp on or wetted transducers in the Transducer menu If the PT878 does not scroll to a particular para
100. de Window in the Signal Setup Option 1 Press the W arrow key to reach the Transmit Code prompt and press ENTER to open the drop down menu 2 Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired number of pulses 1 2 4 11 or to Auto for automatic code selection You have completed entering the Transmit Code To leave this window e Press the A key to return to the Pulse Code tab and the 4 arrow key to move to the Signal Parameter tab e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data and return to Operate Mode 8 30 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Setting Error Limits The Error Limits option enables you to set limits for an incoming signal When the signal falls outside the programmed limits an error indication appears To enter this option scroll to the Error Limits entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 18 below Signal Error Limits Min Max Signal 40 85 Velocity 12 12 Amplitude 10 34 Sound Speed Acceleration Figure 8 18 The Signal Error Limits Option 1 The first prompt asks for the minimum and maximum limits for the transducer signal received by the PT878 The default values are 40 for the minimum and 85 for the maximum The El LOW SIGNAL error message appears if the signal strength falls below the limit p
101. dow appears If you press 2 Views the parameters shown in the two top windows appear The view for 3 Views adds the window in the lower left and that for 4 Views adds the window in the lower right 5 10 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 Customizing Softkeys When the screen is in Operate Mode you might wish to access a particular submenu frequently without the trouble of scrolling through menus Customizing the softkeys F1 F2 and F3 allows you to access up to three submenus by pressing the associated softkey You can customize a softkey from the Site Menu or from within a particular menu e To customize a softkey from within the Site Menu 1 From the Site Menu shown in Figure 5 6 on page 5 9 use the V or A arrow keys to move to the FKeys entry on the menu Press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 5 8 below SIN Program Meter Logging Service Manager Signal dB Save Now 1 View 32 2 Views PE 3 Views 4 Views Drive Manager Volume l s E F1 About F2 0 0 F3 Clear F1 E0 No Errors Clear F2 Clear F3 Figure 5 8 The FKeys Menu 2 Use the V or A arrow keys to move to the desired FKey 1 2 or 3 entry on the menu Press ENTER The Configure FKey window opens as shown in Figure 5 9 on the next page Displaying and Configuring Data 5 11 March 2005 Customizing Softkeys cont Configure FKey Selec
102. e I s Z Error Messages System Tray Function Keys Figure 2 6 The PT878 Screen in Operate Mode The top line of the screen is the status bar which normally displays the time and date However when you press MENU the menu key the Menu Bar replaces the status line 2 10 Initial Setup March 2005 Screen cont The middle of the screen shown in Figure 2 6 on page 2 10 is the work area which displays the measured parameters numeric measurements and both bar and line graphs When you enter a selection on the Menu Bar discussed in Chapter 3 Programming Site Data this area displays menu prompts A line at the bottom of the area also displays error code messages which are described in more detail in Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting The system tray displays icons that indicate meter operations not otherwise shown Table 2 3 below lists the icons and their meanings Table 2 3 Icons in the System Tray Function Meaning IR Transfer IR data transfer in progress Alert Indicates the meter encoun tered an error in operation Log Indicates a log is pending no marks or running marks Heating Indicates heating or cooling cooling energy mode Stopwatch Calibration Gate Operation Watch is stopped when the gate is closed or runs when it is open Snapshot Indicates that the Snapshot To file function has been activated To Printer so users c
103. e Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu A 3 March 2005 Menu Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Contrast Backlight Language r Tables Backlight Off Battery Date Condition I Lighter English Date Separator Communications See Figure A 17 1 Time Separator cimal Data Points Max Points Edit Tables Date Format MM DD DD MM Time Format 24 Hour Figure A 4 The Meter Menu Menu Maps A 4 Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Menu Log Manager View New Log Name Format Lin
104. e Mode 6 10 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Adjusting the Contrast For more comfortable viewing in a particular environment the PT878 enables you to adjust the screen contrast To adjust the screen contrast 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Contrast entry and press ENTER The Display Options window opens on the Display tab as shown in Figure 6 5 below From the Format tab press the 4 key to move to the Display tab To step through each parameter press the V key Display Options META Format Darker Lighter Backlight Off 3 Min Language English Figure 6 5 Display Tab in the Display Options Window 2 Scroll to the Darker or Lighter box as desired 3 Press the ENTER button repeatedly until the screen has the desired contrast Note Jf you find the screen has become too light or too dark scroll to the other box and press ENTER until you have adjusted the screen to your satisfaction Programming Meter Settings 6 11 March 2005 Adjusting the Contrast cont e To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 6 12 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Setting Backlight Timeout By using the Backlight Timeout option you can set
105. e To print out a site go to page 4 13 e To transfer a site to a PC go to page 4 13 To transfer a site in text format go to page 4 14 e To transfer a site from a PC to the PT878 go to page 4 15 You can arrange files from the Sort submenu shown in Figure 4 18 on page 4 18 e To sort files by name go to page 4 18 e To sort files by date go to page 4 18 Creating and Managing Sites 4 3 March 2005 Creating a New Site Note Be sure you have entered the necessary setup data discussed in Chapter 3 Programming Site Data before creating and saving a new Site To create a new site within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Be sure the option New is highlighted and then press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 4 4 below Site 01 A B D H L P T X 5 Figure 4 4 Name Entry Window for a New Site 1 Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or number and press ENTER 2 Repeat this procedure until you have created the desired site name of up to eight characters Press F1 Delete to remove any unwanted letters or numbers 3 When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entry or F2 Cancel to leave the window without creating a site A second screen appears as shown in Figure 4 5 on the next page asking if you want to use the currently highlighted site as a template with t
106. e meter and other IR devices particularly the IR ports or dongles IR to RS232 adapters of Windows based PCs Users can send and receive site and log data they can also program the meter via the optional PanaView software interface The PT878 was designed for use with products that comply to the IrDA protocol For more information on establishing IR communications between the PT878 and your PC refer to Appendix F e To transfer files between the PT878 and PC see Managing Files the Drive Manager on page 5 14 e To transfer a log from the PT878 to a PC see page 7 14 2 4 Initial Setup March 2005 Charging and or Replacing Batteries The PT878 comes with self contained built in rechargeable batteries to support portable operation For optimum performance these batteries require a minimum of maintenance Charging the Batteries When you receive the PT878 you will need to initially charge the batteries The batteries must be charged up to 8 hours to receive the maximum charge When fully charged the batteries provide 8 to 10 hours of continuous operation An internal battery gauge indicates the remaining power in the batteries To charge the batteries simply plug the AC power module cord into the power jack shown in Figure 2 2 on page 2 2 and be sure the battery pack is installed When the PT878 is plugged into line voltage the internal battery charger automatically charges the batteries whether the PT878 is on or off
107. e of the listed sites For Windows 95 98 2000 e Click on the Infrared icon in the System Tray of your PC as shown in Figure 4 15 below Figure 4 15 Infrared Icon in System Tray The Wireless Link window for Windows 2000 shown in Figure 4 16 below or the Infrared Transfer Application for Windows 95 98 appears Select the desired file and click Send or ae amp Select the files or folders you want to send to another wireless device and click al Send You can also drag the files or folders to Wireless Link on the desktop r Send Files Look in y My Documents rv e c E File name Help Properties Figure 4 16 Wireless Link Window 4 16 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 cont e From Windows Explorer right click on the selected file Select Send To Infrared Recipient or Nearby Computer For Windows 2000 you can also drag the selected file to the Wireless Link icon shown in Figure 4 17 below Wireless Link Figure 4 17 The Wireless Link Icon Note While sending or receiving files the PT878 continues to perform measurements but at a slower rate than normal Creating and Managing Sites 4 17 March 2005 Listing Files by Name If you want to list your files alphabetically by site name within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the gt arrow key twice to scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu
108. eam trans ducer PEAK Displays the Percent of Peak N A N A Set to 40 by default To change see Chapter 8 page 8 25 Qup Displays the signal quality for 300 or between the upstream transducer higher 100 Qdown Displays the signal quality for 300 or between the downstream transducer higher 100 NFup Displays the normalization 0 85 lt 0 85 factor for the upstream trans 1 0 ducer NFdn Displays the normalization 0 85 lt 0 85 factor for the downstream 1 0 transducer 9 6 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting March 2005 Table 9 2 Diagnostic Parameters Continued Diagnostic Parameter Displays TEMPs Displays the temperature for the supply input energy mea surement Displays the temperature for the return input energy mea surement Displays the difference between the temperature for the supply input and the tem perature for the return input energy measurement Displays the density for the supply input Energy mea surement Displays the density for the return input Energy measure ment Displays the delta enthalpy or difference between the supply and return enthalpy enthalpy is a measure of energy con tained in the fluid Energy measurement Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 7 March 2005 Flowcell Problems Flowcell problems fall into two categories fluid problems and pipe problems Read the following sections carefully to de
109. ear Circular Details Graph Spreadsheet rt All New Clo Delete All Print Print All Name Format Circular Type Standard Error Start End Interval Measurement Name Menu Maps Figure A 5 The Logging Menu Type Standard Error Start End Interval Measurement March 2005 A 5 March 2005 Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm entries and return to Menu Diagnostics Calibrate Signal Setup Error Limits Factory a Min Signal Max Signal Min Velocity Satpal aad Signal Parameter Peak Detection Pulse Code n upu me Delta T Offset Method Max Velocity Set Point Low Transmit Peak Threshold Min Actual High Sample Size Min Amplitude 16 Max Max i Peak Amplitude Zero Cutoff Transmit Sound Speed Velocity Averaging TAa Acceleration I I I I uto MARA Programming 0 2550 100 Stat
110. ed parameter The F2 key Cancel or the ESC key to exit an option at any time and return to Operate Mode without changing the parameters Note Ifyou enter an incorrect numeric value press the key to erase the last digit entered 3 2 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Transducer Parameters To enter the Transducer option scroll to the Transducer entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 2 below To step through each parameter press the V key Refer to Figure A 7 on page A 7 of Appendix A Menu Maps Note Refer to the Liquid Transducer Installation Guide 916 055 for additional information about transducers and configurations Transducer Pipe Pipe Lining Fluid Path Type Wetted O Clamp on Transducer Frequency MHz Tw HS Wedge Ang 50 Wedge Tmp 25 Wedge SS 1219 2 Figure 3 2 The Transducer Option Window 1 The first prompt asks you to select whether you are using a wetted or a clamp on transducer a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll between the two types b Press ENTER to confirm the choice Programming Site Data 3 3 March 2005 Entering Transducer Parameters cont Note The choices made early in the Transducer and Pipe options determine the prompts available later If the PT878 does not scroll to a particular parameter it is not necessary for that transducer
111. ee eee 7 17 Stopping All wis icc sl ea Se RRR le Re me 7 17 Low Signal Threshold 0 0 0 0 eee eee eee eee 8 18 March 2005 Index cont M Main Menu Menu Map iad ois ate i Glad Ghd ORA A A 1 Material in Thickness Gauge Setup Option o ooo oocoocoocoocoo ooo 8 6 Measurement Option 0 0 e eee eee 5 7 5 8 Measurement Parameters Changing 5 7 5 8 Measurement Units Selecting 0 0 00 eee ee ee 6 3 Meter Menu Ment Maps sis AS it A 4 Meter Menu Entering 0 0 00 eee eee eee 6 2 Meter Settings Window 0 0 0 c cece ee eee 6 3 Metric Units cid dal ad 6 3 Microcomputer id A Ds 1 4 Model numberis c 25 2 onstrates e N 5 22 N Node ID for Communications 000000005 6 16 Noise Threshold cios it eS eA each setae CAS wads 8 18 N merie Keys ienis cueir i tee ae Seer eee ee ee ae 2 12 O On Eine HelDi iii E 2 14 Ci tame a e E ba Gee oa eee beens ake at seat yy 2 14 Output Analog Entering iris idas Ss aoe BASS 3 31 Digital Entering oo ic ton ed eens ates 3 34 Outputs Analog OuUtputS o ooocoocococoocooo eee ee 2 3 March 2005 Index cont P Parameters Displayed 0 0 e eee eee eee 5 10 Path A ees bee eee See ee Sees 3 17 Path for Wetted Transducers 0 ce cence eee eee 3 18 Path Length Entering 0 0 00 cece eee eee 3 18 Path Option asic fet ee ote de A wae 3 16 Menu M
112. erglass do not support acoustic signals To open the Graph window and display the receive signal graphically press the lt 4 or gt gt arrow key until you reach the Graph tab and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 6 below Thickness Gauge Measure Display EREIN Velocity Zero Material Figure 8 6 The Thickness Gauge Graph Window Press F2 Cancel or F3 OK to return to Operate Mode or press the D gt arrow key to move to another window in the option However if you wish to adjust the graph press the V key The screen now appears similar to Figure 8 7 on the next page Servicing the PT878 8 9 March 2005 Displaying the Receive Signal in Graphical Format cont Thickness Gauge Measure Display Velocity Zero Material Display Figure 8 7 The Graph Window in Zoom Format Press F1 In to zoom in to magnify screen details Press F2 Out to zoom out fully e Press F3 to toggle between the left and right cursors e Press 4 and P to move the selected cursor left and right e Press V to select the graph e Press A to return to tab navigation e Press ESC to return to Operate Mode without saving the calibration changes 8 10 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Calibrating the Thickness Gauge Transducer To zero the transducer offsets go to the Zero tab Press the d or gt arrow key until you reach the Zero tab and
113. erials over a range from 0 05 to 3 in 1 3 to 76 2 mm The PT878 offers two basic thickness gauge functions using the gauge to measure thickness after entering the pipe material and calibrating the gauge For the highest possible accuracy you can also calibrate the velocity of the pipe material Using the thickness gauge involves three steps 1 Entering the material and sound speed in the Material window on the next page 2 Measuring the pipe wall thickness in the Display window on page 8 8 and 3 If the measurement seems unreasonable examining the acoustic signal to diagnose the problem in the Graph window on page 8 9 Calibrating the thickness gauge involves up to two additional steps 4 Calibrating the thickness gauge itself in the Zero window on page 8 11 and 5 Calibrating the velocity of the pipe material in the Velocity window on page 8 14 if possible and if the pipe material is not the material entered in the Zero window This step requires a trustworthy reference either a section of pipe such as a flange or open pipe section that can be measured with calipers or another measurement device or a thickness calibration block from the same pipe material Servicing the PT878 8 5 March 2005 Measuring Pipe Wall Thickness Entering the Material and Sound Speed IMPORTANT GE Infrastructure Sensing recommends calibrating the thickness gauge periodically as discussed on page 8 11 before measuring
114. ery part number 200 081 Scroll to the battery type you have installed and press ENTER 2 To condition the batteries press the ENTER key The Condition Battery window should now read Stop The status line should change to Discharging Updating the status could take up to 30 seconds 3 To stop the discharge cycle press the ENTER key and the Condition Battery window reappears The status now changes to On Charger 4 Press F3 OK to return to Operate Mode 8 40 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Resetting to Factory Default Parameters For various reasons you might wish to return the PT 878 to its original settings The Factory Defaults option enables you to return the meter to its preprogrammed default settings To enter the option scroll down to the Factory Defaults entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen will appear similar to Figure 8 25 below Note All sites and logs will be lost if you use the Factory Defaults option Be sure to transfer or print all sites and logs before resetting Factory Defaults WARNING You will LOSE all changes by pressing OK Choose CANCEL to exit or OK to proceed Figure 8 25 The Factory Defaults Option 1 To restore Factory Default settings e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without changing the current settings Press F3 OK to confirm that you wish to restore the factory default setting
115. es a dual transmitter DTR with a special LEMO connector that attaches to the PT878 The PT878 supplies power to the DTR using an internal 16 V supply If you decide to supply your own transmitter you can use the 16 V supply to power your transmitter however you will need to order the special LEMO connector cable to connect your transmitter to the PT878 To make electrical connections you must connect the RTD sensor to the 4 to 20 mA transmitter and then connect the DTR to the PT878 Use the following sections to make electrical connections Connecting the RTD to the 4 to 20 mA Transmitter RTDs should have two common leads and one signal lead If you are using a GE Infrastructure Sensing RTD the wire colors may vary however two of the RTD wires will be the same color The wires that are the same color are the common leads and the remaining wire is the signal lead If you are using your own transmitter make the necessary connections If you are using the GE Infrastructure Sensing DTR connect the RTD wires to the terminal block labeled RTD Inputs Connect the common and signal wires to the appropriate pins as designated on the terminal block label IMPORTANT The supply and return RTD cables must be the same length in order to make accurate temperature measurements When you have completed supply and return connections proceed to the next section C 4 Temperature Transmitter Installation March 2005 Connecting the Trans
116. eturn to Operate Mode without confirming the sound speed value e Press F3 OK to confirm the new value The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Servicing the PT878 8 7 March 2005 Measuring Thickness in Numeric Format To measure the actual thickness of a pipe hold the calibrated transducer steady press the lt 4 or P arrow key until you reach the Display tab and press ENTER The T Gauge Display option shows the thickness measurement in numeric format displayed in Figure 8 5 below Note Refer to Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation page D 3 to learn how to position and align the transducer Thickness Gauge Measure Display Velocity Material Thickness mm 42 71 Figure 8 5 The Thickness Gauge Display Window Be sure the Noise or Los loss of signal boxes do not appear Press F2 Cancel or F3 OK to return to Operate Mode or press the P gt arrow key to move to another window in the option 8 8 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Displaying the Receive Signal in Graphical Format Used chiefly for diagnostic purposes the Graph option helps to determine why the thickness gauge is not working if you suspect a problem The graph shows an image of the acoustic signal If the display does not show a signal image similar to Figure 8 6 you may have a problem with the transducer couplant or the programmed values Also some materials such as Teflon or fib
117. ey returns the prompt to the Traverses box and then to the Path tab at the top of the screen Programming Site Data 3 17 March 2005 Path Parameters for Wetted Transducers If you are using wetted transducers the PT878 path menu includes the following set of parameters e Path Length e Axial Length 1 The meter first prompts for the path length P of the ultrasonic signal GE Infrastructure Sensing has calculated the path length based on the transducer configuration for your particular application Find the path length on the flowcell or on other supplied documentation a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the appropriate number c Press ENTER to confirm the entry Note Jf the documentation does not supply the path or axial lengths refer to Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions to measure these lengths 2 The next prompt asks for the axial dimension L of the ultrasonic signal Again GE Infrastructure Sensing has calculated the axial dimension based on the transducer configuration for your particular application Find the axial dimension on the flowcell or from other supplied documentation a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the appropriate number c Press ENTER to confirm the entry After you enter the axial length press the A key to return to the main Path tab at the top of the screen e To confirm the entries and return to Oper
118. ey to scroll back to a previously entered parameter The F2 key Cancel or the ESC key to exit an option at any time and return to Operate Mode without changing the parameters 7 2 Logging Data March 2005 The Log Manager The Log Manager offers users a way to check the status and memory size of all the logs currently pending running or finished To select Log Manager scroll to the Manager entry on the Logging Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 7 2 below The right section of the screen supplies information for the log highlighted in the list on the left You can use the V and A arrow keys to scroll to a particular log and display information pertaining to that log Log Manager File Log View Sort Info AAA LOG BBB State Finished CCC 03 01 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 03 01 01 13 23 21 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 7 2 The Log Manager Window To access the menu for the Log Manager press the MENU key The cursor highlights the File Menu in the upper left corner Use the lt and P keys to scroll to the desired menu and press ENTER to open the menu Logging Data 7 3 March 2005 The File Menu The File menu allows you not only to create new logs but also to copy rename or delete logs as well as to print them or transfer them to a PC To open the File Menu from the Log Manager press the MENU key and t
119. figuring Data liso AAA Ss ial NA 5 2 Ns A nid Bote ani aia toe eat 5 4 The Limits Option icosisororitacis ria ti tv 5 5 The Measurement OptiON oooocoococccccoccroo 5 7 Customizing the Display Screen oooooooooo o 5 9 Specifying the Number of Displayed Parameters 5 10 CUSTOMIZINGSOMKCUS ul dll 5 11 Managing Files The Drive Manager 5 14 Transferring a File toa PC oooooooo oo 5 16 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 5 17 Refreshing a File 0 cece cece cece eee eee 5 19 PE A eas smclne pote ceased 5 19 Listing Files by Name 0 00 cece eee 5 20 Listing Files in Chronological Order 5 21 Accessing Meter Data The About Option 5 22 vil March 2005 Table of Contents cont Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings Entering the Meter Menu 2 cece eee ees 6 2 Selecting Measurement Units 0 0 ee eee 6 3 The Battery Charger A a alee ree 6 4 Entering Date and iMe dio 6 6 Changing Date and Time Appearance 6 8 Adjusting the Contrast e ce aan 6 11 Setting Backlight iMesh 6 13 Changing the Display Language 5 6 14 Changing Communications Parameters 6 16 Resetting Forward and Reverse Totals 6 19 Setting Up User Tables ned wan ence en Meena 6 20 Taking a Bitmap Capture of a Current Screen cee cece eee eeeeeees 6 24 vill
120. ge grain size and the anisotropy of sound velocity with respect to grain orientation Other materials show a rapid change in sound velocity with temperature This is characteristic of plastic materials where temperature must be controlled in order to obtain maximum precision in the measurement 3 Sound Attenuation or Absorption In many organic materials such as low density plastics and rubber sound is attenuated very rapidly at the frequencies used in normal ultrasonic thickness gaging Therefore the maximum thickness that can be measured in these materials is often limited by sound attenuation Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation D 5 March 2005 Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant E 1 March 2005 Material Safety Data Sheet To comply with 29 CFR 1910 1200 Effective Date 4 1 98 Note N A not applicable or not available Section 1 Product Identification Product Name SOUNDSAFE Generic Name Ultrasonic Couplant Manufacturer Sonotech Inc 774 Marine Dr Bellingham WA 98225 360 671 9121 FAX 360 671 9024 E mail sonotech Onas com http www sonotech inc com NFPA Hazardous Materials Identification System est Health uniendo 0 Flammability 0 Reactivity 0 Section 2 Hazardous Ingredients This material does not contain any ingredients having known health hazards in concentrations greater than 1 This material does not c
121. ge if the upload fails When the upload is complete the meter returns to the Site Manager The PC holds the transferred file in the QuickBeam Inbox folder for Windows NT 4 0 as shown in Figure 4 13 below If you are using other Windows operating systems the transferred file appears in C My Received Files You can open the file on the PC using any text editor C lr_Inbox File Edit View Help Default2 sit Figure 4 13 The IR_Inbox Folder with Transferred Site File Transferring a Site File in Text Format to a PC To transfer a site file in text format from the PT878 to a PC be sure the PC is equipped with an infrared sensor as discussed on the previous page 1 Highlight the desired site in the left window of the Site Manager 2 Press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key once to scroll from the File Menu to the Site Menu Scroll to the Transfer as Text option and press ENTER The PT878 uploads the file in the same manner as a site file but with a prt suffix You can then open the file on the PC using any text editor 4 14 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 Once you have stored site or meter files to a PC you can then transfer them back to the PT878 over an IR sensor connected to the PC through the PT878 IR interface The PT878 only accepts files with a sit site or met meter extension If you rename another type of file with one of
122. h opens the text creation window shown in Figure 4 12 on the next page Creating and Managing Sites 4 11 March 2005 Creating a Site Message cont Cancel Figure 4 12 The Text Creation Window 3 Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or symbol and press ENTER to add the letter to the message Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to alternate between a set of upper case capital letters a set of lower case letters and a set of symbols Use all three screens to create a desired message 4 Repeat this procedure for each letter or symbol you wish to add to the message If you wish to delete a letter press F1 Delete to erase each letter or symbol from right to left on the label When you have completed the message press F3 OK to confirm the message or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the message 4 12 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 Printing a Current Site To print the current site from within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the gt arrow key once to scroll from the File Menu to the Site Menu Scroll to the Print option and press ENTER The PT878 shows a message indicating that its infrared sensor is looking for a receiving printer If the sensor spots no printer a window appears indicating that it cannot find a device If it spots more than one compatible inf
123. have entered this data you can save it in files and recall these files for later use The PT878 can store up to 1 MB or 32 site files of data in the meter at any one time But through the infrared link users can store an unlimited number of sites in a PC and then upload the sites they will actually use This chapter covers entering Transducer pipe and fluid parameters e Input output and other setup parameters e User functions Programming Site Data 3 1 March 2005 Entering the Program Menu To enter the Program Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT878 keypad The Menu Bar replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Press the P arrow key once to scroll from the Site Menu to the Program Menu At the Program Menu press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 1 below While following the programming instructions refer to Figure A 3 on page A 3 of Appendix A Menu Maps el Meter Logging Service Signal dB BI Analog Input Volume l s Analog Output Digital Output User Functions Correction Factors EO No Errors Figure 3 1 The Program Menu To scroll to a particular option press the V Jor A arrow keys until you reach the option Then press ENTER to open the option window When entering parameters in an option press e The V key to step through the available parameters e The A key to scroll back to a previously enter
124. he left column displays the five measurement data sources while the right column displays English and metric measurement units or with the Diagnostics source shown a list of diagnostics parameters 5 Use the V and A arrow keys to reach the desired data source and press SEL 6 Then use the W or A arrow keys to select the desired measurement unit or diagnostic parameter Press F3 OK to confirm the entry 7 The screen returns to Operate Mode and displays any changes Displaying and Configuring Data 5 7 March 2005 The Measurement Option cont Select Measurement Diagnostics Delta T Velocity Amplitude Up Volume Amplitude Down Fwd Totalizer T Up Rev Totalizer Power T Down Energy Temperature Gain Soundspeed Soundspeed f P Up Figure 5 5 The Measurement Menu Window 5 8 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 Customizing the Display Screen You might wish to display one or two parameters or customize the soft keys to quickly access particular menus The Site Menu enables you to make more comprehensive changes in your display screen To enter the Site Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT 878 keypad The Menu Bar replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen The Site Menu will be highlighted in the upper left corner Press ENTER or the V arrow key The screen now appears similar to Figure 5 6 below While follow
125. he New Connection Properties window is set to your virtual infrared port Note You can determine which virtual port your infrared is using by opening Infrared Monitor in the Control Panel and clicking on the Options tab It displays the message Providing Application Support on and then lists the virtual infrared port as shown in Figure 8 28 on the next page Servicing the PT878 8 45 March 2005 Setting up the PC cont Infrared Monitor Status Options Preferences Identification M Enable infrared communication on coma Providing application support on cOoM4 IV Search for and provide status for devices within range Search every EME seconds Limit connection speed to seconds if communication A A 40 a A Disconnect in is interrupted Restore Defaults OK Cancel Epp Help Figure 8 28 Port Settings for COMM 4 Installing New Software To begin the loading procedure scroll down to the Flash Update entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 29 below Update Flash WARNING This will erase the instrumentation coding Choose Cancel to exit or OK to continue Figure 8 29 The Flash Update Option 8 46 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Installing New Software cont 1 As shown in Figure 8 29 on the previous page the Flash Update option erases all instrument coding e Press F2 Cancel to retu
126. he current display windows measurements and programmed data To modify the display and measurements refer to Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data To alter programming data see Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 4 4 Creating and Managing Sites March 2005 Creating a New Site cont Press F2 No if you do not want to use it or e Press F3 Yes if you do want to use it as a template Use the selected site DEFAULT SIT as a template Figure 4 5 Template Confirmation Window The meter returns to Operate Mode with the new site name displayed in the upper left corner of the screen Creating and Managing Sites 4 5 March 2005 Opening an Existing Site If you want to return to a site you have previously saved first highlight the replacement site in the left window of the Site Manager Then press MENU to open the File Menu Scroll to the Open option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 4 6 below EME Open Confirmation Open File DEFAULT Are You Sure Figure 4 6 The Open Site Confirmation Window Press F2 No to cancel opening the site and return to the current site or e Press F3 Yes to open the site If you have changed the current site the PT878 asks if you want to save the changes to the previously opened site e Press F2 No to cancel the changes or e Press F3 Yes to confirm
127. he numeric keys to enter the GE Infrastructure Sensing supplied wedge angle in degrees and press ENTER 6 The PT878 must also take into account the wedge temperature a From the Wedge Angle prompt press the V key to reach the Wedge Temperature prompt and press ENTER b Use the numeric keys to enter the wedge temperature in degrees F or C and press ENTER 7 Finally the PT878 requires the wedge sound speed a From the Wedge Temp prompt press the V key to reach the Wedge SS prompt and press ENTER b Use the numeric keys to enter the GE Infrastructure Sensing supplied wedge sound speed in ft sec or m sec and press ENTER Pressing the W key returns the meter to the Transducer tab at the top Confirming Entries e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key In either case the PT878 returns to Operate Mode 3 6 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Pipe Parameters To enter the Pipe option scroll to the Pipe entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER From the Transducer window you can scroll back up to the Transducer tab and press the P arrow key to reach the Pipe window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 3 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure A 3 on page A 3 of Appendix A Menu Maps Note Refer to the
128. he same parameters 7 16 Logging Data March 2005 Stopping All Logs To stop all log that are currently pending or running open the Log Menu scroll to the Pause All Logs option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays all log programmed to run now or in the future with a status of Paused Restarting All Logs To restart all paused logs open the Log Menu scroll to the Start All Logs option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the logs with a status of Pending or Running Ending All Logs To end all currently pending or running logs open the Log Menu scroll to the End All Logs option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the running logs with a status of Finished View All Sites To check on all logs open the Log Menu scroll to the View All Sites option and press ENTER Logs are associated with the site in use at the time the log is created Thus when another site is in use the PT878 automatically starts different logs By default the Log Manager only displays the logs created with the current site View All Sites allows the Manager to list logs for all sites Logging Data 7 17 March 2005 The View Menu Through the View menu you can view the data of individual logs in graphical or spreadsheet formats To open the View menu from the Log Manager press MENU Scroll to the View menu and
129. hen ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 7 3 below Log Manager New Info AAA LOG Clone Selected Log State Finished Rename S 03 01 01 13 13 41 Delete E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Delete All Logs Interval 10 Seconds Refresh Records 51 Print 03 01 01 13 23 21 Transfer 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 7 3 File Menu in the Log Manager 7 4 Logging Data March 2005 Setting up a New Log The New Log option enables you to create and set up parameters for a new log You can access this option in two ways by scrolling to the New Log option in the Logging Menu as shown in Figure 7 1 on page 7 2 and pressing ENTER or e by scrolling to the New option in the File Menu of the Log Manager as shown in Figure 7 3 on page 7 4 and pressing ENTER In either case the Create New Log screen appears similar to Figure 7 4 below Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or number and press ENTER Repeat this procedure until you have created the desired log name Press F1 Delete to remove any unwanted letters or numbers When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entry Create New Log G O W 4 Figure 7 4 The New Log Window The PT878 now asks for log formatting and measurements The screen appears similar to Figure 7 5 on page 7 6 Logging Data 7 5 March 2005 Setting
130. hich the gauge has been calibrated It is essential that the thickness gauge be calibrated as shown on page 8 5 whenever the transducer is changed or you have a reason to doubt the accuracy of the readings Periodic checks with samples of known thicknesses are recommended to verify that the gauge is operating properly D 4 Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation March 2005 Factors Affecting Performance and Accuracy cont D Taper or Eccentricity If the contact surface and the back surface are tapered or eccentric with respect to each other the return echo again becomes distorted and the accuracy of measurement is diminished E Acoustic Properties of the Material There are several conditions found in engineering materials that can severely limit the accuracy and thickness range that can be measured 1 Sound Scattering In some materials notably certain types of cast stainless steel cast irons and composites the sound energy is scattered from individual crystallites in the casting or from dissimilar materials within the composite This effect reduces the ability to discriminate a valid return echo from the back side of the material and limits the ability to gauge the material ultrasonically 2 Velocity Variations A number of materials exhibit significant variations in sound velocity from point to point within the material Certain types of cast stainless steels and brass exhibit this effect due to a relatively lar
131. iagnostic Parameters o 9 5 Flowcell Problems stony ON 9 8 FIDA Problems eienen eerie paved sannee live ve 9 8 Pibe PO ene dencia di At aid 9 9 Transducer Problem or okey han 9 11 Wetted Transducer Problems 9 11 Clamp on Transducer Problems 9 12 Relocating Transducers cx aasereredecics dayne 9 14 Chapter 10 Specifications A A ee eee ee en E ae ee ee 10 2 Hardware Configuration cece 10 2 Su ie MNES Ree eT CL PRS ROE Ee eee ee 10 2 EMGIOSUhG aia 10 2 Flow Accuracy Velocity of reading 10 2 Electrical sen ene Are 5 wre hs vipa acim ated oe Serna oR ant 10 4 Operational Specifications o oooooooooo 10 6 a A caer GA BA he Og 10 7 Clamp On Ultrasonic Flow Transducers 10 7 Temperature Transducers 0 0c eee eee 10 7 Pipe Size and Material ca didas 10 8 Clamp On Transducers aces tea Rieti 10 8 Available Options ii OS 10 9 Appendix A Menu Maps Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation Guidelines for RTD Installation C 2 Mounting RTDs on the Pipe sas is C 2 Assembling the Clamping Fixture C 2 Mounting the RTD to the Pipe C 3 Making Electrical ConnectionS o o o C 4 Connecting the RTD to the 4 to 20 mA Transmitter C 4 Connecting the Transmitter to the PT878 C 5
132. ic keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Servicing the PT878 8 23 March 2005 Calibrating Inputs cont 4 Press the P arrow key to move to the Read box and then press ENTER to read the low input The next prompt asks for the value to which you want to set the high input 20 mA a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Press the gt arrow key to move to the Read box and then press ENTER to read the high input Press the W key to move to the Calibrate box and press ENTER to calibrate the inputs At this point you have two options a If you are unsatisfied with the calibration you can reset the inputs to factory defaults Press the P gt arrow key to move to the Reset box and then press ENTER to undo the calibration b If you are satisfied with the calibration press the W key to return to the Input prompt and repeat steps 2 through 8 for the other input You have completed calibrating the inputs To leave the Inputs window e Press the A key to return to the Inputs tab and the lt arrow key to move to the Outputs tab e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 8 24 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Setting up Signal Parameter
133. ich appears in the right corner of the window above the table d Press ENTER to confirm the data which then appears in the appropriate slot in the table 6 22 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Setting up User Tables cont e Repeat steps b c and d on the previous page until you have completed entering data for the table f When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entries or F2 Cancel to leave the window without confirming the table The program returns to the Edit Tables window e To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Programming Meter Settings 6 23 March 2005 Taking a Bitmap Capture of a Current Screen The Snapshot option enables you to take a screen capture of the current screen in bitmap format bmp for printing or display or storage in a Windows based PC To take a snapshot of the screen 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Snapshot entry and press ENTER 2 Another menu opens with three entries Off To Printer and To File Scroll to the desired entry and press ENTER Note An icon of a printer for printing capture or a camera for file capture see page 2 11 appears at the far right of the status tray indicating that you have activated the Snapshot option Figure 6 1 o
134. ics and Troubleshooting 9 9 March 2005 Pipe Problems cont 3 THE PIPE OR FLOWCELL DIMENSIONS MUST BE ACCURATE The accuracy of your flow measurements will be no better than the accuracy of your programmed pipe or flowcell dimensions If GE Infrastructure Sensing did not supply your flow cell the dimensions you program must be consistent with the required flow accuracy Check your pipe for wall thickness diameter dents eccentricity weld deformity and straightness THE PIPE SURFACES SHOULD BE SMOOTH FOR CLAMP ON When using clamp on transducers both the inside and the outside of the pipe at the transducer locations must be smooth If the pipe is extremely rough the ultrasonic signal will be scattered by the rough surface and will not be received by the flowmeter preventing flow measurement THE PIPE MUST ALLOW ULTRASOUND TO PASS THROUGH FOR CLAMP ON Some pipe materials or linings such as Fiberglass or generic fiber reinforced pipe Teflon and polyethylene absorb ultrasound and may cause problems in clamp on applications Pipes with extremely thick walls or high OD to ID ratios may also present difficulties 9 10 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting March 2005 Transducer Problems Ultrasonic transducers are rugged However they are subject to physical damage due to mishandling and chemical attack Clamp on transducers are also subject to installation variables such as physical misalignment and faulty cou
135. ified the cloned log always begins at the current date and time and ends after the period of time used by the original log 5 If you wish scroll to the Measurements window shown in Figure 7 6 on page 7 8 and follow the procedure discussed on pages 7 8 and 7 9 to modify any parameters 6 When you have completed modifying the log parameters press F2 Cancel to cancel the log or F3 Activate to confirm and start the new log The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which now displays the status of the cloned log 7 10 Logging Data March 2005 Renaming a Log To rename a log 1 First select the log you wish to rename in the Log Manager shown in Figure 7 2 on page 7 3 Then open the File Menu scroll to the Rename option and press ENTER The Rename Log window opens Except for the heading the window is identical to the Create New Log window shown in Figure 7 4 on page 7 5 Follow the procedure discussed on page 7 5 to create a log name and press F3 OK to confirm the name The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which highlights the renamed log Deleting a Log To delete a log 1 First select the log you wish to delete in the Log Manager shown in Figure 7 2 on page 7 3 Then open the File Menu scroll to the Delete option and press ENTER A delete confirmation window opens as shown in Figure 7 8 on the next page Press F2 No to stop the deletion or F3 Yes
136. imits Option Once you have configured a parameter as a line or bar graph you might need to change its presentation or values The Limits option replacing the Format option for line and bar graphs enables you to program the minimum or maximum values displayed the time interval and the display of the average value To enter the Limits option 1 Press SEL from the Operate Mode window until you have reached the desired measurement 2 Press ENTER to open the Display Menu 3 Be sure the Limits option is highlighted and press ENTER 4 A drop down menu entry Change appears Press ENTER again The screen appears similar to Figure 5 4 below Set Line Graph Parameters Velocity Minimum 12 2 Maximum 12 2 Seconds Use Lines Plot Average Value Show Minimum and Maximum Figure 5 4 The Line or Bar Graph Parameters Window Displaying and Configuring Data 5 5 March 2005 The Limits Option cont 5 The first prompt asks for the minimum value shown in the graph a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the value 6 Repeat the procedure in step 5 to enter the maximum value A line graph involves two more prompts 7 The next prompt asks for the display interval a Press ENTER to open the text box Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number
137. inal prompt asks for the acceleration limit for detecting cycle skipping The E6 ACCELERATION ERROR message appears if the velocity changes by more than this limit from one reading to the next a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired speed c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 8 32 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Setting Error Limits cont Note n the velocity and acceleration boxes if the PT878 currently displays metric measurements the F1 softkey displays the word English If it displays English measurements the Fl softkey displays Metric Press F1 to display the measurement in the alternate format You have completed entering signal error limits e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the error limits or Press F3 OK to confirm the new limits and return to Operate Mode Servicing the PT878 8 33 March 2005 The Test Option Within the Service Menu the Test option includes seven tests to ensure that the PT878 is performing properly Test Screen Test Keys Watchdog Test Impulse Response Wave Snapshot Simulate and Battery Test To enter this option scroll to the Test entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 19 below Site Program Meter Logging SAM Velocity ft s Reports Calibrate Diagnostics g Signal Setup Error Limits Delta T ns Test Screen Test Keys
138. ing the programming instructions refer to Figure A 2 on page A 2 of Appendix A Menu Maps SIN Program Meter Logging Service Manager Signal dB Save Now 1 View 32 2 View ME tC S 3 View 4 View Volume l s FKeys About 0 0 Drive Manager E0 No Errors Figure 5 6 The Site Menu e To specify the number of parameters displayed go to page 5 10 e To customize or clear softkeys FKeys go to page 5 11 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 9 March 2005 Specifying the Number of Displayed Parameters As mentioned earlier the PT878 can display one to four different measurement parameters simultaneously However sometimes you might wish to display only one or two parameters To change the number of open display windows from within the Site Menu shown in Figure 5 6 on the previous page use the W Jor A arrow keys to move to the desired number of views 1 View 2 Views etc Press ENTER The screen displays the designated number of windows For example Figure 5 7 below shows the screen displayed in Figure 5 3 on page 5 4 reconfigured for a single view ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM Velocity ft s 12 2 0 6014 10 Seconds E0 No Errors Figure 5 7 Display Screen Configured for Single View Note The PT878 opens display windows clockwise from the upper left that is ifyou press 1 View the parameter displayed in the upper left win
139. is set to 8 by default Glossary G 3 March 2005 Transit Time Flow measurement technique based on the principle that when ultrasonic pulses are transmitted through a moving liquid the pulses that travel in the same direction as the fluid flow downstream travel slightly faster than the pulses that travel against the flow upstream When the liquid in the pipe is not flowing the transit time downstream equals the transit time upstream When the liquid is flowing the transit time downstream is less than the transit time upstream The difference between the downstream and upstream transit times is proportional to the velocity of the flowing liquid and its sign indicates the direction of flow Traverses Number of times the ultrasonic signal crosses the pipe User Functions User defined mathematical equations for use with any measurement User Tables User defined tables of data for use with user functions Velocity Averaging Parameter that averages a desired number of velocity measurements to smooth out or dampen noise in the system Watchdog Test Option in the Service Menu that tests the watchdog timer circuit If a software error causes the meter to stop responding this circuit automatically resets the meter Wave Snapshot Option in the Service Menu that enables users to capture waveforms for downloading to a PC for analysis or for simulating a flow measurement Wedge Angle Angle of the transd
140. is value represents the 20 mA output in flow units a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 5 The last prompt On Error asks you to select how the PT878 will handle the analog outputs in the event of a fault condition The meter offers three alternatives e Hold Last Value hold the last good reading e Force Low force the reading to O or 4 mA e Force High force the reading to 20 mA a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired selection c Press ENTER to confirm your selection You have completed entering data in the Analog Output option e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Programming Site Data 3 33 March 2005 Entering the Digital Output While resembling the Analog Output option the Digital Output option enables you to set up parameters necessary for a digital output To enter the option scroll to the Digital Output entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 17 below To step through each parameter press the V key While programming refer to Figure A 14 on page A 14 of Appendix A Menu Maps Digital Output Function Pulse Totalizer Data Source
141. ite Menu to the Service Menu At the Service Menu press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 1 below When programming refer to Figure A 6 on page A 6 of Appendix A Menu Maps Site Program Meter Logging Service J Velocity ft s Reports T Gauge Display T Gauge Setup Calibrate 0 00 E Diagnostics Signal Setup Error Limits Delta T ns Test gt Factory Defaults Flash Update 0 10 VU E0 No Errors rs ee 7 Figure 8 1 The Service Menu To scroll to a particular option press the V or A arrow keys until you reach the option Then press ENTER to open the option window When entering parameters in an option press e The V key to step through the available parameters e The A key to scroll back to a previously entered parameter The F2 key Cancel or the ESC key to exit an option at any time and return to Operate Mode without changing the parameters 8 2 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Printing Reports When used with an IR compatible printer the PT878 can print out a variety of data current site logs drive contents and user functions tables and settings in the Reports option To enter the Reports option scroll to the Reports entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 2 below Reports Drive Contents Current Site Global Settings User Functions User Tables All User Settings
142. l Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Rechargeable batteries Optional NiCad 6p nonrechargeable alkaline available 9 11 hours of continuous operation is typical 100 250 VAC 50 60 Hz 0 38 A 1 MB datalog site battery backed RAM 1 MB program FLASH memory 20 to 55 C 4 to 131 F 40 to 70 C 40 to 158 F Note To ensure maximum battery life storage do not exceed 35 C 95 F for long periods Operating Modes Flow Measurement Energy 10 4 Transit Time mode with clamp on or wetted transducers To calculate energy flow rate use the external loop powered RTD transmitter Part 2CHRT Specifications Electrical cont Input Output Keypad Display Printer Terminal Analog Output Digital Output Analog Input Acoustic Cable and length Specifications March 2005 25 key rubberized tactile membrane keypad 240 x 200 pixel LCD graphic display with EL backlight Infrared communications port One 4 20 mA or 0 20 mA current output One user selectable pulse solid state 5 V maximum or frequency 5 V square wave 100 to 10 000 Hz Two 4 20 mA analog inputs with switchable 16 V supply for loop powered temperature transmitters One pair of LEMO coaxial transducer connectors Cable length 8 m 25 ft standard Up to 305 m 1000 ft optional with extension cables March 2005 Operational Specifications Site Parameter Programming Data
143. lems 0 0 c eee eee eee 9 8 Fluid Speeds Entering 00 0 ee eee eee eee 3 13 Fluid Types Entering 0 00 ee eee eee eee 3 13 Format Open coto oe pol 5 2 Forward Total Resetting 0 0 0 e eee eee eee 6 19 French Language Display 0 00 00 eee eee eee 6 14 Frequency o oo ites vee tel oe ean a ord 3 36 G Gate Input A Ra BI a A a 3 37 Graph Displays se0y aces tine shes Skee be estes bowl ee 5 4 H Help oo 2 14 Hyperterminal for Software Update ooooocoocococoocorc eee 8 45 March 2005 Index cont Impulse Response Option 0 0 0 2 e eee eee eee 8 38 Infrared Wireless Interface 0 0 00 cece eee eee 2 4 Initial Setup uta oI pe yee AA ee eee 2 1 Input Output erro ad tt aon cee ci 1 4 Input Output Connections 0 0 0 2 3 2 4 Inputs Analog Inputs v2c s scree Ads hate 2 3 Analog Entering 0 0 eee cee eee 3 27 in Energy Option 0 3 21 3 24 3 25 3 26 IR Communications Changing Parameters 0 0 0 0 cece eee eee 6 16 Establishing with PT878 0 00 0c eee eee F 1 File Tr nsfer in pei n AAA A E 5 16 Using Drive Manager 0 0 0 eee eee eee eee 5 14 K Keypad DeSCIIPUOM tii diia BRN 2 12 Key Description 0 0 cee eee eee teens 2 12 Keys DESCIIPtOM is wo hee 2 Rak eg BV eS RS hob A es 2 12 Kinematic Viscosity Entering 0 0000
144. les codes de bonne fabrication pour l ing nierie du son Shannon June 1 2002 yeas Hide Mr James Gibson DIRECTEUR G N RAL nsal UY LS ENISO902 T V ESSEN Shannon ISO 9001 US CERT DOC H5 August 2004 Sensing KONFORMITATS ERKLARUNG Wir Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland erkl ren in alleiniger Verantwortung da die Produkte TransPort PT878 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT878GC Clamp On Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort 2PT868 2 Channel Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 L Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 R Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter with TransFlection Mode folgende Normen erf llen e EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex C Continuous Unmonitored Operation gem den Europ ischen Richtlinien Niederspannungsrichtlinie EMV Richtlinie Nr 89 336 EG Die oben aufgef hrten Ger te und zugeh rige mitgelieferte Schallwandler Messrohre werden in einer separaten Konformit tserkl rung behandelt tragen keine CE Kennzeichnung gem der Druckger te Richtlinie da sie in bereinstimmung mit Artikel 3 Absatz 3 gute Ingenieurpraxis der Druckger te Richtlinie 97 23 EG fur DN lt 25 geliefert werden Shannon June 1 2002 aes Lhe Mr James Gibson GENERALDIREKTOR nsal UY LS ENISO902 T V ESSEN Shannon ISO 9001 US
145. lkaline batteries 2 6 Initial Setup March 2005 Powering ON and OFF To operate the PT878 the power cord must be plugged into line voltage or the battery must be charged as described previously IMPORTANT For CE compliance the PT878 is classified as a battery powered device not to be used with the AC adapter To comply with CE certification do not operate the meter with the charger plugged in To turn the PT878 on press the red button in the upper right hand corner of the keypad Immediately upon power up the PT878 emits a short beep and displays a PCI Loader message It then validates the instrument programming and then displays the GE Infrastructure Sensing logo and the software version and emits a long beep If the meter fails any of these tests contact GE Infrastructure Sensing IWARNING If the meter fails the backup battery test you must send the unit back to the factory for a battery replacement Make sure you keep the batteries charged until you are ready to ship the unit back to the factory Before shipping print out all the log and site data or transfer it to your PC Initial Setup 2 7 March 2005 Powering ON and OFF cont After the meter conducts all the self checks the screen then appears similar to the one shown in Figure 2 4 below ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM E Velocity ft s Signal dB 32 0 00 A Delta T ns Volume l s 0 10 0 0 E0 No Errors
146. lock 1 surface and hold the transducer against the block When you have the transducer firmly pressed against the block and the Ready button appears press ENTER again to perform the calibration Note For single point calibration skip to step 9 6 The next prompt asks you to enter the length of Block 2 a Use the arrow keys to move to the Block 2 text box b Press ENTER to open the text box c Use the numeric keys to enter the length d Press ENTER to confirm the entry Press gt to move to the Calibrate button and press ENTER to prepare for calibration Then apply couplant B to the block surface and hold the transducer against the block When you have the transducer firmly pressed against the block press ENTER Ready button again to perform the calibration Hold the transducer steady until the Set button appears Press ENTER to store the calibration 8 12 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Dual Point Calibration cont IMPORTANT Be sure to hold the transducer steady until the GE Infrastructure Sensing wait cursor disappears 10 Use the A key to return to the Zero tab and then scroll to the Display tab page 8 8 to confirm the block length within 0 002 If the measurement is not within this limit recalibrate the transducer offsets Once you have completed calibration the transducer should remain calibrated until the meter memory is cleared or a dramatic shift in a
147. lock length here the thickness of the sample as measured with a caliper or calibrated sample press the V arrow key and then press ENTER to open the Block Length text box Use the numeric keys to enter the desired block length Press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 Prepare the sample for calibration by applying couplant B to its surface and press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 8 10 below 4 Hold the transducer steady against the sample and wait for the Set button to appear 5 To calibrate the gauge press the V arrow key to move to the Set button 6 Press ENTER Set button to start the calibration sequence Thickness Gauge Measure Display Graph WMATA Zero Y Material Block Length 1 Set Press Set to Commit Value Calculated 22129 Current 74733 Figure 8 10 The Velocity Window Displaying the Calculated and Current Values Servicing the PT878 8 15 March 2005 Calculating Velocity Pipe Material Sound Speed cont 7 The Calculated box shows the thickness value measured The PT878 asks for confirmation of the calculated and current values Press ENTER to commit the calculated value or to recalculate the value Note Ifyou commit the calculated value the settings in the Material window also change from the previous material to Other with the new sound speed To leave the Velocity window e
148. m the new data The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Servicing the PT878 8 27 March 2005 Setting up Peak Detection The PT878 can use two different methods to identify the peak of the received signal In the Peak method the peak is identified by testing a derivative of the signal In the Threshold method the peak is identified as the point where the signal crosses a threshold that is a percentage of the maximum signal detected The peak method is more reliable in identifying the signal in dynamic conditions while the threshold method is more reliable in marginal signal conditions Note Do not change the peak detection method or values unless recommended by GE Infrastructure Sensing From the Signal Parameter tab press the P arrow key to move to the Peak Detection tab The window appears similar to Figure 8 16 below Signal Setup Signal Para Peak Detect Pulse Code Peak Detect Method O Peak Threshold Min Threshold Max Threshold Percent Peak Figure 8 16 The Peak Detection Window in the Signal Setup Option 8 28 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Setting up Peak Detection cont 1 The first prompt asks for the peak detection method Use the lt 4 and P gt arrow keys to move to the appropriate radio button and press ENTER If you have selected the peak detection method you have completed entering data in this window But if you have selected
149. make sure the pipe wall is free of paint and rust Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing if you cannot solve a transducer related problem Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 13 March 2005 Relocating Transducers If the coupling or pipe wall are not the problem try relocating the transducers using the following method However before beginning make sure the transducers are not located on or near pipe welds or seams Move one transducer about 1 2 inch 12 7 mm closer to the other transducer If this resolves the problem you must modify the S dimension programmed into the PT878 by using the following steps 1 Press MENU 2 Scroll to the Program menu and press ENTER 3 Scroll to the Path option and press ENTER Then scroll down to the Spacing box and press ENTER 4 Use the numeric keys to enter the transducer spacing Subtract 0 5 in 12 7 mm from the original S and enter the new S dimension 5 Press F3 OK If this method does not resolve the problem contact GE Infrastructure Sensing 9 14 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting March 2005 Chapter 10 Specifications This section contains specifications for the following e Overall e Electrical e Transducer e Fluid Types Pipe Size and Materials e Available Options Specifications 10 1 March 2005 Overall Hardware Configuration Channel Options Single channel Mode Options Transit time Size Weight Size without
150. mbient conditions occurs To leave the Zero window e Press the d or P arrow key to move to another tab to take readings or perform a velocity calibration e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the sound speed value e Press F3 OK to confirm the new value The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Servicing the PT878 8 13 March 2005 Calculating Velocity Pipe Material Sound Speed The nominal sound speed for your pipe material will give thickness measurements of reasonable accuracy However for greater accuracy calibrate pipe material sound velocity IMPORTANT This step is necessary only if the actual pipe material sound speed differs from the sound speed of the material used in the calibration block It is possible only if you have a sample of pipe material with thickness known to a high level of precision To open the Velocity window press the lt or P gt arrow key until you reach the Velocity tab and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 9 below Thickness Gauge Measure Display Graph Velocity Zero Material Block Length 0 Determine the Sound Speed Calculated Current Figure 8 9 The Sound Speed Window 1 Scroll to the Velocity tab as shown in Figure 8 9 above Press ENTER 8 14 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Calculating Velocity Pipe Material Sound Speed cont 2 To enter the b
151. meter it is not necessary for that transducer type 3 16 Programming Site Data March 2005 Path Parameters for Clamp On Transducers Note For wetted transducers go to the next page If you are using clamp on transducers the PT878 path menu includes two parameters e Traverses e Spacing 1 The PT878 first prompts for traverses the number of times the ultrasonic signal crosses the pipe see the Liquid Transducer Installation Guide 916 055 for more details a Press ENTER to open the drop down list of traverse numbers b Scroll to the appropriate number c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 2 The next prompt displays the spacing of the transducers as calculated from the information entered a Record this number and use it to space the transducers Use the Liquid Transducer Installation Guide 916 055 to assist in installing transducers on the pipe Press the V key to scroll to the next parameter b If necessary you can overwrite the spacing to match the actual physical spacing of the transducers Do not change the spacing by more than 10 from that calculated by the meter Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER to confirm the entry If you have entered an invalid entry the PT878 rejects the entry and displays an error message Note t is not recommended that you use a spacing other than the one calculated by the PT878 After you enter the spacing pressing the A k
152. mitter to the PT878 If you are using the GE Infrastructure Sensing DTR simply plug the LEMO connector into the I O connector as shown in Figure C 1 below XDCR Upstream Input Output See Table 2 1 Downstream Infrared Sensor Figure C 1 Connection Locations If you are using your own transmitter you must connect the special GE Infrastructure Sensing cable to your transmitter as shown in Table C 1 below Table C 1 Cable Connections from GE Infrastructure Sensing Cable to Customer Supplied Transmitter Pin Number on GE Infrastructure Sensing Cable Wire Color on GE Infrastructure Sensing Cable Description 2 Red 16 V for unpowered transmitters only White Supply Temperature Yellow Return Temperature Green Ground for both supply and return Once you complete making the above connection plug the LEMO connector into the I O connector as shown in Figure C 1 above You have completed RTD installation Temperature Transmitter Installation C 5 March 2005 Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation All ultrasonic thickness gauging involves timing the round trip of a sound pulse in a test material Because solid metal has an acoustic impedance that differs from that of gasses liquids or corrosion products such as scale or rust the sound pulse will reflect from the far surface of the remaining metal The test instrument is programmed with the
153. mming Site Data 3 37 March 2005 Entering User Functions User functions enable you to program mathematical equations on each measurement You can also use any parameter in the meter to calculate a different parameter To enter the User Functions option scroll to the User Functions entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 18 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure A 15 on page A 15 of Appendix A Menu Maps Set User Function Function Label Units Sym Dec Figure 3 18 The User Functions Window 1 The first prompt asks you to select the function number 1 through 8 a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired function number User F1 User F2 etc c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 38 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering User Functions cont 2 The next prompt asks you to create a label for the function The label corresponds to the measurement type i e velocity or temperature while the units symbol corresponds to the measurement units 1 e feet sec or degrees F a Press ENTER to open the text creation window which appears similar to Figure 3 19 below Figure 3 19 The Text Creation Window b Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or symbol and press
154. n also drag the files or folders to Wireless Link on the desktop r Send Files Look in y My Documents e EK E File name Help Properties Figure 5 16 Wireless Link Window 5 18 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 cont e From Windows Explorer right click on the selected file Select Send To Infrared Recipient or Nearby Computer In Windows 2000 you can also drag the selected file to the Wireless Link icon shown in Figure 5 17 below Wireless Link Figure 5 17 The Wireless Link Icon Note While sending or receiving files the PT878 continues to perform measurements but at a slower rate than normal Refreshing a File To refresh a file so that the PT878 displays the most recent information you have two options Press MENU scroll to the Refresh option and press ENTER e Press F2 Refresh In either case the window on the right of the File Manager displays the most recent file information Deleting a File To delete a file in the File Manager first be sure you have highlighted that file in the left window of the File Manager Then press MENU scroll to the Delete option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 5 18 on the next page Displaying and Configuring Data 5 19 March 2005 Deleting a File cont File Manager Delete Confirmation Delete Site A SIT
155. n page 6 2 shows a screen with the Snapshot option activated 3 To capture a screen press the decimal button in the lower left corner of the keypad twice The meter beeps indicating that it has made a screen capture The program now varies depending on whether you selected printer or file capture e If you selected To Printer the PT878 shows a message indicating that its infrared sensor is looking for a receiving printer If the sensor spots no printer a window appears indicating that it cannot find a device If it spots more than one compatible infrared device within its range it asks you to select the desired device It transmits the capture to the printer once it has made a connection e If you selected To File the captured file appears as Screen 0X bmp in the Drive Manager see page 5 14 To transfer the file to a PC follow the instructions in Transferring a File to a PC on page 5 16 6 24 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Chapter 7 Logging Data A powerful and flexible feature of the PT878 is data logging The meter enables you to choose up to 12 parameters to log You can also select the start time and date end time and date and time interval Logs can run one at a time or simultaneously Error and circular logs are also available The logged data is internally stored in battery backed up memory A fixed amount of memory is assigned to data logging The frequency of the time interval the le
156. n page A 17 of Appendix A Menu Maps To check or change these parameters 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Communications entry and press ENTER The Communications window appears similar to Figure 6 8 below Node ID Comm Interface IrDA e IR 232 Baud Rate 9600 bps Parity None Stop Bits 0 1 O 2 Data Bits O 7 0 8 Figure 6 8 The Communications Window 2 The first prompt asks for the node identification number which can be any number from 1 to 240 Do NOT change the node ID unless instructed by GE Infrastructure Sensing a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the node ID c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 6 16 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Changing Communications Settings cont 3 The next prompt asks you to select the communications interface from two options IrDA Infrared Data Association and the IR232 virtual interface You must use IrDA when using an IR printer or transfer application such as QuickBeam Use the lt d and P keys to scroll to the desired selection and press ENTER Note For more information on loading software updates via IrDA see Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 page 8 42 4 The program now asks for the baud rate The default rate is 9600 bps a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired rate from 300 to 115 2K bps c Press
157. nd is normally set to zero Detection Threshold Percent of peak the PT878 thickness gauge uses to make measurements Energy Option Option that enables flow measurement in a heating or cooling system The option calculates the energy of a system based on the temperature at a supply point the temperature at a return point and the flow of fluid through the system Errors Allowed Parameter that specifies the number of errors the meter can record before displaying an error message The number of errors is N out of 16 where N equals the number of errors allowed Flowcell The part of the flowmeter system consisting of the flowcell pipe and the transducers that uses ultrasonic pulses to interrogate the flow Flowcell Pipe A section of piping that acts as part of the flowcell it is either a section of existing piping with the transducers or inserted as a substitute pipe section spoolpiece Glossary G 1 March 2005 Form Software window that opens when a user enters a given menu Impulse Response Option in the Service Menu that enables you to force the meter to transmit in one direction only without changing the amplifier gain setting Locale Format for displaying the time and date Peak Detection A method for identifying the ultrasonic signature in the received signal In the Peak method the peak is identified by testing a derivative of the signal In the Threshold method the pe
158. ngth of the log run and the number of logs affect the amount of memory required for a particular log For example a log that records every 5 seconds will use up more memory than a log that records every 5 minutes for a given amount of time Once you make your data logging selections the PT878 enables you to view the amount of memory left You may also stop logging or view logged data while or after data is logged This section describes How to enter the Logging Menu How to set up a new log e How to view the data logger memory e How to start stop or pause logging Logging Data 7 1 March 2005 Entering the Logging Menu To enter the Logging Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT878 keypad The Main Menu replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Press the P arrow key three times to scroll from the Site Menu to the Logging Menu At the Logging Menu press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 7 1 below Refer to Figure A 5 on page A 5 of Appendix A Menu Maps Site Program Meter Mefefelintemmpervice Velocity ft s Manager 0 00 Delta T ns Volume I s 0 10 0 0 E0 No Errors Figure 7 1 The Logging Menu To scroll to a particular option press the V or A arrow keys until you reach the option Then press ENTER to open the option window When entering parameters in an option press e The V key to step through the available parameters e The A k
159. nputs 4 In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry Pressing the W or A arrow keys causes the meter to scroll within the Meter Settings options e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Programming Meter Settings 6 7 March 2005 Changing Date and Time Appearance In addition to setting the correct date and time you can also change its presentation to suit local preferences You can select a time display of AM PM or 24 hour time To alter the time and date display 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Locale entry and press ENTER The Display Options window opens on the Format tab as shown in Figure 6 4 below To step through each parameter press the V key DISENO Tol Display Locale Separators Date Time Decimal Date Format MM DD YYYY Time Format 12 Hour Date Time Decimal Formats MM DD YYYY HH MM SS PM 123 45 Figure 6 4 Format Tab in the Display Options Window 6 8 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Changing Date and Time Appearance cont 2 The first series of prompts asks you to select separator symbols for the date time and decimal You can choose from a dash comma and slash for the date from
160. nsducer Each transducer thus functions as a transmitter generating a certain number of acoustic pulses and as a receiver for an identical number of pulses The flowmeter measures the time interval between transmission and reception of the ultrasonic signals in both directions When the liquid in the pipe is not flowing the transit time downstream equals the transit time upstream When the liquid is flowing the transit time downstream is less than the transit time upstream The difference between the downstream and upstream transit times is proportional to the velocity of the flowing liquid and its sign indicates the direction of flow Features and Capabilities 1 5 March 2005 Chapter 2 Initial Setup Before making measurements you must prepare the PT878 for operation This includes the following procedures Making Electrical Connections e Charging and or Replacing Batteries e Powering On and Off e Using the Screen and Keypad e Obtaining On Line Help Figure 2 1 below shows the PT878 in its specially designed case The interior is molded for optimal protection of the PT878 and its accessories Figure 2 1 The PT878 and Accessories Initial Setup 2 1 March 2005 Making Electrical Connections Before making measurements with the PT878 you must make all the necessary connections to the unit This section describes how to connect the following e Power e Transducers e Input Output e Infrared Interface M
161. ntries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 10 The Path Option Menu Maps March 2005 Energy Option Custom Cp Energy Edit Table Disabled Enabled System Density Source Fixed Table Heating Cooling Static Density Edit Table Flow Measurement Return Calculation Custom Cp Supply ixed Acti Temperature Fixed Temperature Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure A 11 The Energy Option Menu Maps A 11 A 12 March 2005 Menu Program Analog Input Po Input A Inp ut B Energy Enabled Energ y Disabled Function General Purpose Label Units Zero Span Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the en Press F3 OK to confirm the entrie Figure A 12 The Analog In tries and return to Menu s and return to Menu put Option Menu Maps March 2005 Menu Program Analog
162. ode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Programming Site Data 3 47 March 2005 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites As mentioned in Chapter 1 the PT878 can store site data in files for current and future access To learn how to program setup data refer to Chapter 3 Programming Site Data After you answer the necessary questions simply save the information to a site file The Site Manager option then enables you to recall rename revert to print transfer or delete site files as needed To open the Site Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT878 keypad The Menu Bar replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Then press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 4 1 below While following the programming instructions refer to Figures A 1 and A 2 on pages A 1 and A 2 of Appendix A Menu Maps Program Meter Logging Service Site Manager Signal dB Save Now 1 View 32 2 View PE SC S 3 View 4 View Volume l s FKeys About E0 No Errors Figure 4 1 The Site Menu Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 March 2005 The Site Manager From the Site Menu press ENTER to open the Site Manager The screen appears similar to Figure 4 2 below Site Manager JGS Site Sort DEFAULT Info DEFAULT SIT New Site
163. on separate inputs Energy Options Energy Option GII Custom Cp Supply O Fixed 0 Active Temp Input HA T Return e Fixed O Active Temp C Input B Figure 3 8 The Inputs Tab in the Energy Option 1 The first prompt asks if the temperature supply is fixed or active a Use the lt 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Programming Site Data 3 21 March 2005 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option cont 2 The next prompt depends on whether you have selected a fixed or an active supply e Ifyou have selected a fixed supply the PT878 asks for the desired temperature Use the numeric keys to enter the desired temperature in degrees C and press ENTER to confirm the entry e Ifyou have selected an active supply the PT878 asks for the desired input a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to Input A or B c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 The next prompt asks if the temperature return is fixed or active a Use the lt 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 4 The next prompt depends on whether you have selected a fixed or an active return e Ifyou have selected a fixed return the PT878 asks for the desired temperature Use the numeric keys to enter the desired temperature in degrees C
164. ontain any known or suspected carcinogens E 2 Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant March 2005 Section 3 Physical Data nominal Boiling Point gt 220 F Freezing Point lt 20 F Vapor Pressure N A Evaporation Rate N A Solubility in Water complete Appearance and Odor water white opaque gel bland odor pH 7 35 7 9 Acoustic Imp 1 726 X 10 Vapor Density N A Specific Gravity 1 05 Section 4 Fire and Explosion Hazard Data Flash Point none Upper Exposure Limit none Lower Exposure Limit none Special Fire Fighting Procedures N A Extinguishing media N A Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards none Section 5 Reactivity Data Stability stable Conditions to Avoid none Incompatibility Materials to Avoid none known Hazardous Polymerization will not occur Hazardous decomposition or Byproducts none known Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant E 3 March 2005 Section 6 Health Hazard and First Aid Data Routes of Entry 1 Skin not likely Eyes not normally Ingestion not normally Inhalation no SOUNDSAFE contains only food grade and cosmetic grade ingredients Effects of Overexposure Acute May cause temporary eye irritation Chronic None expected First Aid Procedures Skin Remove with water if desired Eyes Flush with water for 15 minutes Ingestion For large quantities induce vomiting and call a physician Inhalation N A Section 7 S
165. onvert electrical energy into ultrasonic pulses when in a transmit cycle and convert the ultrasonic pulses back to electrical energy when in a receive cycle In other words they act like loudspeakers when transmitting the signal and microphones when receiving it In the PT878 system each transducer acts as both a receiver and transmitter since a series of ultrasonic pulses are alternately sent upstream and then downstream through the flowcell Features and Capabilities 1 3 March 2005 Electronics Package The PT878 consists of circuits that generate receive and measure the travel time of the ultrasonic pulses It also contains a microcomputer that controls operation and calculates flow measurement parameters Specific circuits function as follows e TRANSMIT SIGNAL GENERATOR The transmit signal generator under control of the microcomputer and timing circuit synthesizes the signal that drives the transmitter TRANSMITTER The transmitter amplifies the signals from the transmit signal generator to a signal that drives the transmit transducer e RECEIVER The receiver amplifies the received signals to a level suitable for the data acquisition circuitry e DATA ACQUISITION The data acquisition circuitry digitizes the received signal and stores it in a buffer for processing by the microcomputer e TIMING CIRCUIT The timing circuit generates the transmitter frequency receive window controls the data acquisition circui
166. or bad trans spacing as pro ducer spacing grammed and as set on pipe See Flow cell Problems on page 9 8 and Trans ducer Problems on page 9 11 Analog Out Under current Check that output Error output load is within speci fication lt 550 ohm Temperature Supply tempera Check cable and Input Supply ture input out of transmitter range Temperature Return tempera Check cable and Input Return ture input out of transmitter range 9 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Displaying Diagnostic Parameters March 2005 As part of its measurement menu the PT878 offers a list of diagnostic parameters to aid in troubleshooting in the event of flowcell transducer or electrical problems You can select any diagnostic parameter for display as a measurement as discussed in Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data on page 5 7 Table 9 2 below shows all the available diagnostic parameters and ranges Table 9 2 Diagnostic Parameters Diagnostic Parameter Displays Good Bad AT Displays Delta T or the differ N A Continuous ence between the upstream large fluctu and downstream transit times ations of 1 micro sec ond or more Amplitude Up Displays the value for the 20 28 lt 20 or gt 28 amplitude discriminator of the upstream transducer Amplitude Displays the value for the 20 28 lt 20 or gt 28 Down amplitude discriminator of the fluctua fluctuations d
167. or coded cable should have a collar labeled UPSTREAM or DOWNSTREAM Make transducer cable connections to the top of the flowmeter as shown in Figure 2 2 on page 2 2 Because there are various types of transducers and installations transducer installation is discussed separately in the Liquid Transducer Installation Guide 916 055 Input Output Connections The PT878 provides one 0 4 20 mA current output and two 4 to 20 mA analog inputs with switchable 16 V supply for loop powered temperature transmitters It also supports digital frequency and totalizer outputs Connect the inputs outputs using a LEMO multi pin connector as shown in Figure 2 2 on page 2 2 The pin numbers for the connector and the color code for the standard input output cable are shown in Table 2 1 on the next page Initial Setup 2 3 March 2005 Input Output Connections cont Table 2 1 Cable Assembly for Analog Inputs Outputs Pin Number Wire Color Description Black Analog Out 1 Red 16 V switched White Supply or Return Temperature Input A Yellow Supply or Return Temperature Input B Green Analog Ground Orange Digital Output frequency output pulse totalizer diagnostic output or calibration gate Blue Digital Ground Violet Receive Monitor The Infrared Wireless Interface The PT878 comes equipped with an internal infrared transceiver shown in Figure 2 2 on page 2 2 that enables communication between th
168. or pipe type For example the Lining window is not available if you select a wetted transducer 2 The next prompt asks you to enter the transducer number printed on the transducer itself or to specify that you are using a special application transducer a From the Type prompt press the V key to reach the Transducer prompt and press ENTER b A drop down list of transducer numbers opens The list varies depending on whether you have selected wetted or clamp on in the previous prompt Press the W or A keys to scroll to the appropriate number or scroll to Special for a special application transducer To speed scrolling you can press the P key to scroll down by a page or the 4 key to scroll up by a page c Press ENTER to confirm your selection The program now varies depending on whether you have selected standard or special transducers e Ifyou have selected a standard wetted or clamp on transducer the PT878 comes programmed with the needed parameters Proceed to Confirming Entries on page 3 6 e However if you have selected a special application transducer go to the next page 3 4 Programming Site Data March 2005 Parameters for Special Transducers Note GE Infrastructure Sensing will supply the information required below with the transducers 3 The prompt asks for the transducer frequency to transmit a signal at a frequency to which the transducer can respond a From the Transducer
169. osis The Simulate option places the PT878 in a mode in which it uses a stored signal instead of the live signal from the transducers to make flow calculations for diagnostic purposes On the PC you must rename a Wavexx met file as Wave met and send it back to the PT878 over the IR link Then on the PT878 scroll down to the Simulate entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The PT878 then applies the simulated signal Note Refer to page 5 17 for information on transferring a file from a PC to the PT878 Servicing the PT878 8 39 March 2005 Testing the Battery The Battery Test option provides additional battery information for service troubleshooting To enter the option scroll down to the Battery Test entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 24 below Service Battery Form Status Fast Charge Run Time 250 Minutes Batt Voltage 5 78 Volts Fast Charge 3 Min Backup Battery OK Batt temp 27 7 C Part Number ERUAN 00075 Condition Battery Figure 8 24 The Battery Test Option The screen displays the current status Fast Charge On Charge Discharging or On Battery the time remaining for the PT878 to run on the battery the time for the Fast Charge and the current condition of the backup battery 1 If you wish to open the Part Number window press ENTER You can choose from a 1 8 Ahr NiCd battery part number 200 058 or a 3 0 Ahr NiMH batt
170. ot be accurate Battery Charger Status Full Charge Run Time Remaining Se PPO Battery Voltage 5 78 Volts Battery Type NiCd Backup Battery OK Part Number 1 8Ahr NiCd 200 058 Condition Battery Figure 6 3 The Battery Charger Window 6 4 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 The Battery Charger cont 3 To condition the batteries press the ENTER key The Condition Battery window should now read Stop The status line should change to Discharging Updating the status could take up to 30 seconds Note Jt is advisable to condition NiCad batteries when their run time is reduced to 50 of their previous run time 4 To stop the discharge cycle press the ENTER key and the Condition Battery window reappears The status now changes to On Charger 5 Press F3 OK to return to Operate Mode Programming Meter Settings 6 5 March 2005 Entering Date and Time In Operate mode the Status Bar displays the current date and time above the measurements in the upper right corner of the screen The Date Time option allows you to set the date or time which are required for correct data logging operation To set the time 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Date Time entry and press ENTER The Meter Settings window reopens as shown in Figure 6 2 on page 6 3 2 From the Units option press the W key once to reach the date text box This box displa
171. ou wish to reload the flash memory via the infrared communications port e Press F1 Yes to begin reloading via OBEX or e Press F2 No to stop the reloading procedure Be sure the infrared sensor on the meter has a clear path to the infrared adapter on the PC Now return to the PC 6 You now have two options In Windows Explorer browse to the file you wish to send Select and right click on it Select Send To Infrared Recipient or Nearby Computer or QuickBeam if QuickBeam has been installed Open the Infrared Transfer Application My Computer Infrared Recipient click on Send Files and select the files you wish to send In either case a window displays the status of the file upload 8 44 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Updating Software Via IrCOMM Note While Windows 95 98 98SE and NT with QuickBeam support IrCOMM Windows 2000 and XP do not Refer to Appendix F Before you install new coding you must be sure that the PC has the correct protocols to transmit the software to the meter Setting up the PC Note The use of Hyperterminal is shown here as an example If you are using a different communications software see its manual for detailed instructions 1 From the Start Menu click Programs Accessories Hyperterminal to open the Hyperterminal window 2 If the call is not connected click on Connect from the Call menu in Hyperterminal 3 From the File menu click Properties Be sure t
172. over a range from 0 05 to 3 in 1 3 to 76 2 mm Tw time in wedge Time the transducer signal spends travelling through the transducer and cable This time has to be subtracted from the transit time to determine how much time the signal spent in the fluid Tracking Windows A feature which allows the receive window to move automatically if the ultrasonic signal is lost The PT878 will set up the window in various positions based on a minimum and maximum sound speed range In seek mode the meter will test every position until it detects a receive signal that passes the error tests The first window highest sound speed setting that passes the tests is the detected window The meter will then track the receive signal Transducer Delay Time the ultrasonic signal takes to travel from the meter to the pipe material surface It is a similar measurement to Tw except that the delay is subtracted from the transit time to find out how much time is spent in the wall Transducers Devices that convert electrical energy into ultrasonic pulses when in a transmit cycle and convert the ultrasonic pulses back to electrical energy when in a receive cycle They can be fixed to the outside of the flowcell pipe clamp on or inserted into the pipe to directly measure the fluid wetted Transmitter Sample Size Number of pulses the transmitter emits in one direction upstream or downstream before transmitting in the other direction It
173. ownstream transducer tions T Up Displays the upstream transit N A N A time of the ultrasonic signal in micro seconds T Down Displays the downstream tran N A N A sit time of the ultrasonic signal in micro seconds Gain Up Displays upstream gain in dB N A N A Gain Dn Displays downstream gain in N A N A dB Soundspeed Displays the measured sound Check the sound speed m s or f s speed of the fluid of fluid in Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data P up Displays signal peaks for the 100 lt 100 gt 900 upstream transducer 900 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 5 March 2005 Table 9 2 Diagnostic Parameters Continued Diagnostic Parameter Displays Bad P dn Displays signal peaks for the downstream transducer lt 100 gt 900 Reynolds Displays the Reynolds Num ber N A K RE Displays the K Factor based on the Reynolds Number N A Raw Up Displays raw upstream signal N A N A Raw Down Displays raw downstream N A N A signal Xmit Corr Up Displays raw upstream signal N A N A correlated with transmit signal Xmit Corr Dn Displays raw downstream sig N A N A nal correlated with transmit signal Cross Corr Displays transmit upstream N A N A signal correlated with transmit downstream signal SS up Displays the signal strength 50 80 lt 50 for the upstream transducer SS do Displays the signal strength 50 80 lt 50 for the downstr
174. pling to the pipe on which they are mounted Because transducer problems are largely dependent on the type of transducer used wetted or clamp on the following list of potential problems is grouped according to transducer type Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing if you cannot solve a transducer related problem Wetted Transducer Problems 1 LEAKS Leaks may occur around the transducer and in the fittings of the flow cell Repair as you would any other leak Check the transducer and cables for damage if the leaking fluid is corrosive 2 CORROSION DAMAGE Wetted transducers may be damaged by corrosive fluids if the transducer material does not match the application Most often corrosion damage occurs at the electrical connector To check for damage remove the transducer from the flow cell If the wetted end of the transducer is rough and pitted the transducer may have to be replaced GE Infrastructure Sensing can supply suitable transducer materials for most fluids Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing for information on special transducers Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 11 March 2005 Wetted Transducer Problems cont 3 INTERNAL DAMAGE An ultrasonic transducer consists of a ceramic crystal bonded to the transducer case The bond between the crystal and the case may be damaged by extreme mechanical shock and by temperature extremes The crystal itself can also be damaged by the same conditions The internal wiring can be
175. posite materials and highly corroded or lined pipes Pipe Sizes 12 7 mm to 7 6 m outside OD 0 5 to 300 in Pipe Wall Thickness Up to 75 mm 3 in 10 8 Specifications March 2005 Available Options Thickness Measuring Mode Standard GE Infrastructure Sensing Transducer dual element transducer Pipe Thickness Range 1 3 to 76 2 mm 0 05 to 3 0 in Pipe Materials Most standard metal and plastic pipe materials Accuracy 1 typical or 0 05 mm 0 002 in Display Resolution 0 01 mm 0 001 in Thermal Continuous operation to 37 C 100 F Exposure Intermittent operation to 260 C 500 F for 10 seconds followed by air cooling for 2 minutes Energy Equipment Dual RTD transmitter two 4 to 20 mA transmitters with input for 3 wire RTD 100 Q Pt and terminals for 4 to 20 mA output and 6 ft cable PC Option Infrared adapter plugs into any available serial port to give desktop PCs infrared capability Printer Option Thermal printer with rechargeable battery and 120 to 240 VAC power supply recharger PC Interface Software PanaView Instrument Interface Software Specifications 10 9 March 2005 Appendix A Menu Maps Menu See See See See Figure See Figure Figure A 2 Figures Figures A 6 A 3 A 7 A 4 A 17 to A 16 Figure A 1 The Main Menu Menu Maps A 1 March 2005 Manager
176. press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 8 below Display Graph a Velocity ey Material Single Dual Calibration Block 1 Length 0 mm Calibrate Transducer Delay S Calculated 0 Current Figure 8 8 The Zero Window Dual Point Calibration Note GE Infrastructure Sensing recommends dual calibration Dual point calibration is more reliable but it requires two known thickness levels of the calibration material Use single point calibration only if you know the velocity of the calibration block material to a high degree of accuracy For single point calibration complete the following procedure but skip steps 6 7 and 8 See Appendix D for more information Servicing the PT878 8 11 March 2005 Dual Point Calibration 1 2 Press the V arrow key to enter the window The first prompt asks you to choose between single and dual point calibration Use the lt 4 and P arrow keys to move to the Dual radio button and press ENTER The next prompt asks you to enter the length of Block 1 If you are using a GE supplied test block the length is printed on the block a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the length c Press ENTER to confirm the entry Press gt to move to the Calibrate button and press ENTER to prepare for calibration Then apply couplant B to the B
177. press ENTER to enter the drop down menu 4 Scroll to the desired language on the menu here shown as either English or Francais French 5 Press ENTER to confirm the entry and F3 OK to close the option 6 Since changing the language requires restarting the PT878 a window shown in Figure 6 6 below opens asking that you confirm the change Press F2 to cancel the change or F3 to confirm the change Change Language Changing the meter s language requires a restart Choose CANCEL to exit or OK to proceed Figure 6 6 Confirmation Window for Language Change 6 14 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Changing the Display Language cont The meter restarts in Operate Mode in the desired language Figure 6 7 below illustrates a French version of the display shown in Figure 5 3 on page 5 4 ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53AM jf Vitesse m s Gain dB 1 65 E2 Vitesse saine Figure 6 7 French Version of Typical Display Note The PT878 defaults to US English However one or more alternate languages can be installed at any time Consult your GE Infrastructure Sensing representative or www gesensing com for available languages Programming Meter Settings 6 15 March 2005 Changing Communications Parameters On occasion you might need to change the parameters by which the PT878 communicates with a PC over the wireless infrared interface While programming refer to Figure A 17 o
178. r A arrow keys to scroll to the desired number c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 4 The next prompt asks for the zero cutoff Near zero flow the PT878 may have fluctuating readings due to small offsets caused by factors such as thermal drift in the fluid The zero cutoff causes velocity measurements less than the cutoff to be reported as zero To set the cutoff a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 8 26 Servicing the PT878 March 2005 Setting up Signal Parameters cont 5 The next prompt asks for velocity averaging a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired number of velocity measurements to average together to smooth out noise in the system c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 6 The final prompt errors allowed specifies the number of errors the meter can record before displaying an error message a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry You have finished entering data in the Signal Parameter window To leave this window e Press the V key to return to the Signal Parameter tab and the P arrow key to move to the Peak Detection tab e Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confir
179. r mixtures and liquids with a small percentage of entrained gas bubbles The flowmeter provides one linear 0 4 20 mA analog output of flow velocities or volumetric flow rate of these fluids measuring velocities from 0 03 to 12 m sec 0 1 to 40 ft sec along with one selectable frequency output or pulsed totalizer output The PT878 also provides two 4 to 20 mA analog inputs in order to connect temperature transmitters to measure energy flow rate of liquids Energy flow rate may be calculated for water glycol and water glycol mixtures Features and Capabilities 1 1 March 2005 Overview cont The PT878 has the ability to store site data in files which can be accessed at a later time Within the Main Menu a set of forms windows asks you all the necessary setup information for a particular site Once you complete answering the necessary questions you simply save the information to a file The PT878 stores these files and other data in non volatile memory which retains the information even if power is off The flowmeter itself runs on rechargeable or alkaline batteries for up to 10 hours This small lightweight flowmeter displays measurements in both numeric and graphical form on a EL backlit 240 x 200 pixel LCD graphic screen The PT878 also has the capability of logging over 100 000 flow data points internally Using an infrared communications port the PT878 can transmit or print logged data as well as real time data
180. ral Purpose Analog Inputs cont 3 The next prompt asks you to create a label for the units if desired This label will appear to the right of the zero and span value boxes Press ENTER to reopen the text creation window and follow the same steps covered in Step 2 on the previous page 4 The next prompt asks for the zero input value a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 5 The final prompt asks for the span input value a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry You have completed entering data for general purpose inputs Entering Analog Inputs in the Energy Option If you have enabled the Energy Option the screen displays fewer options as shown in Figure 3 14 below Analog Input Input A Input B Function Supply Temp Label Supply Temp Units C Zero ole Span 100 c Figure 3 14 The Analog Inputs Option Window with the Energy Option Activated Programming Site Data 3 29 March 2005 Entering Analog Inputs in the Energy Option cont The screen displays the function supply or return temperature label supply or return temperature and units selected in the Inputs form of the Energy Option see page 3 21 You cannot change these parameters in this form
181. rared device within its range it asks you to select the desired device If successful the Site Manager window appears Press F2 No to cancel printing or e Press F3 Yes to print the current site The PT878 returns to Operate Mode while the printer prints out the current site Transferring a Site File to a PC To upload a site file to a PC you must have an infrared sensor connected to the PC that can receive data from the PT878 IR beam 1 Check that the Communications option on the PT878 see page 6 16 has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT 4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program Files QuickBeam Suite is running 2 Highlight the desired site in the left window of the Site Manager 3 Press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key once to scroll from the File Menu to the Site Menu Scroll to the Transfer option and press ENTER Creating and Managing Sites 4 13 March 2005 Transferring a Site to a PC cont The screen shows a message indicating that the PT878 is searching for an infrared device If the PT878 cannot detect an infrared device a window appears indicating this problem and asks if you want to try again If it finds a device it sends another message indicating that it is uploading the site The meter also displays a messa
182. re with the coupling of sound energy from the transducer into the test material Thus any loose debris of this sort should be cleaned from the specimen with a wire brush or file before measurements are attempted Generally it is possible to make corrosion measurements through thin layers of rust as long as the rust is smooth and well bonded to the metal below Some very rough cast or corroded surfaces may have to be filed or sanded smooth in order to insure proper sound coupling It may also be necessary to remove paint if it has been applied in thick coats or if it is flaking off the metal While it is often possible to make corrosion measurements through thin coats of paint on the order of a few thousandths of an inch or 0 1 0 2 mm thick paint will attenuate signals or possibly create false echoes causing inaccurate measurements Severe pitting on the outside surface of a pipe or tank can be a problem On some rough surfaces the use of a gel or grease rather than a liquid couplant will help transmit sound energy into the test piece In extreme cases it will be necessary to file or grind the surface sufficiently flat to permit contact with the face of the transducer In applications where deep pitting occurs on the outside of a pipe or tank it is usually necessary to measure remaining metal thickness from the base of the pits to the inside wall There are sophisticated ultrasonic techniques utilizing focussed immersion transducers that can
183. rection factors Reynolds Correction Kinematic Viscosity and Calibration Factor To enter the Correction Factors option scroll to the Correction Factors entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 21 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure A 16 on page A 16 of Appendix A Menu Maps Correction Factors lO cai Calibration Factor Re Correction 8 On O Off K V Factor 0 Singe Table KN v 10 m s Data Source Edit Table Figure 3 21 Reynolds Correction Window Entering Reynolds Correction The default for Reynolds Correction is On This correction factor should be on in most applications including all those that utilize clamp on transducers It makes a small adjustment to the flow rate reported by the PT878 based on the Kinematic Viscosity Reynolds Correction is necessary as the velocity of the fluid measured along a diametrical path must be related to the total area average velocity over the entire pipe cross section 3 42 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Reynolds Correction cont 1 The first prompt asks if you want to enable the Reynolds Correction factor a number based on the Kinematic Viscosity and flow rate of the fluid Note Jf you are using clamp on transducers you should enable Reynolds Correction a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate r
184. ress ENTER to confirm each entry Use the numeric keys to enter numeric values Press F1 Delete to remove any mistaken or unwanted symbols or numbers Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to alternate between a set of symbols and functions and a list of user functions Use both screens to create the desired function 3 40 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering User Functions cont j abs exp MODE tan asin acos tbIC tbID tolE tolF Figure 3 20 The Function Creation Window c To enter a particular measured parameter into the equation click on the MODE symbol in the middle of the third row The Select Measurement window shown in Figure 3 16 on page 3 32 opens Select the desired data source and unit as discussed on page 3 32 and press F3 OK to confirm the entry d When you have completed entering the function press F3 OK to confirm the entry and return to the User Function window 6 GE Infrastructure Sensing recommends pressing F2 Check to test the validity of the function The PT878 displays either OK or a message such as Syntax Error e Press F1 to delete the entire function or Press F3 Done to confirm the function and return to Operate Mode Programming Site Data 3 41 March 2005 Entering Correction Factors The final option in the Program Menu Correction Factors allows you to enter and modify three cor
185. returns to Operate Mode Programming Site Data 3 45 March 2005 Entering a Calibration Factor cont If you entered Table The menu asks first for the data source and then for the entry of values into the Correction Factor table This feature allows the user to curve fit velocity calibration multiple data points from several different data sources or flow variables to the flow rate reported by the PT878 a Press ENTER to open the Data Source window b Press F3 OK to confirm your selection Velocity is the only choice available 4 The prompt then asks if you wish to edit the K factor table a Press ENTER to open the table which appears similar to Figure 3 23 below Edit KFactor Table Data Source KFactor Cancel Figure 3 23 The KFactor Table 3 46 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering a Calibration Factor cont b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value for the data source and press ENTER to confirm the entry c Press the P key to move to the KFactor column Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER to confirm the entry d Repeat steps b and c for the remainder of the table e When you have completed entering values press F3 OK to confirm the table and return to the Correction Factors window You have completed entering data for correction factors e To confirm the entries and return to Operate m
186. riate selection c Press ENTER to confirm your choice 5 2 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 The Format Option cont 2 The second step asks you to choose the number of decimal places to be displayed Available choices range from 0 to 4 places a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Scroll to the appropriate number c Press ENTER to confirm your choice e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key Displaying and Configuring Data 5 3 March 2005 The View Option The second option View allows you to select the presentation of a parameter in one of three formats numeric line graph or bar graph 1 From the Display Menu press the P key once to reach the View option and then press ENTER 2 A drop down menu shows the three formats Scroll to the appropriate selection 3 Press ENTER to confirm your selection The screen immediately displays any changes For example if you have changed the first parameter to a line graph the screen appears similar to Figure 5 3 below ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM F Velocity ft s Signal dB 1227 0 6014 32 LL _ _ 12 2 10 Seconds Delta T ns Volume l s 0 10 0 0 E0 No Errors EA Figure 5 3 Screen After Format Change 5 4 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 The L
187. rn to Operate Mode without erasing the program Press F3 OK to confirm that you wish to erase the program 2 The meter asks for confirmation Repeat the options shown in Step 1 above The screen on both the PC and the PT878 now appears similar to Figure 8 30 below GE Infrastructure Sensing PCI v3 0 2 26 03 HW Rev3 Backup Battery OK Firmware CRC Valid Reload Flash via Infrared Yes No IrOBEX IrCOMM Figure 8 30 Flash Reloading Window 3 The meter now asks if you wish to reload the flash memory via the infrared communications port Press F3 Yes or C on the PC keyboard to begin reloading via IrCOMM or e Press F2 No or ESC on the keyboard to stop the reloading procedure 4 Be sure the infrared sensor on the meter has a clear path to the infrared adapter on the PC and return to the PC Hyperterminal program Servicing the PT878 8 47 March 2005 Installing New Software cont 1 In the Hyperterminal window pull down the Transfer menu and click Send File A window opens similar to Figure 8 31 below Send File Folder CATEMP Filename CATEMPUNSTOD1_E cod i Protocol Xmodem has Send Close Cancel Figure 8 31 The Send File Window in the Transfer Menu 2 Click on the replacement software designated by a cod extension from the folder where it has been stored 3 From the Protocol drop down menu select Xmodem
188. rogrammed here To enter the minimum signal a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Servicing the PT878 8 31 March 2005 Setting Error Limits cont d Press the gt arrow key to move to the maximum signal box and repeat steps a b and c e Press the 4 arrow key to return to the minimum signal box and the V key to move to the next limit 2 The next prompt calls for the low and high velocity limits The E3 VELOCITY RANGE error message appears if the velocity falls outside these limits Repeat Step 1 on the previous page to enter the desired limits 3 The third prompt calls for the low and high limits for the amplitude discriminator The discriminator measures the size of the transducer signal sent from the PT878 If the signal falls outside these limits the E5 AMPLITUDE ERROR message appears Repeat Step 1 on the previous page to enter the desired limits 4 The fourth prompt asks for the acceptable limits for the sound speed based on conditions in your particular system The E2 SOUND SPEED ERROR message appears if the fluid sound speed exceeds that entered in the Pipe option of the Program menu by more than this percentage The default value is 20 of the nominal sound speed a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired percentage c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 5 The f
189. s 2 The program asks for confirmation Are you SURE Repeat the procedure shown in Step 1 above The PT878 replaces the default site file and the global meter settings with the factory default settings and returns to Operate Mode Servicing the PT878 8 41 March 2005 Updating PT878 Software By using a Windows based PC with an infrared adapter PT878 users can update the meter s operating software without the need to change the hardware This software can include the bootloader FPGA software timing software for transit time instrument software the meter string file and the Help string file The updating procedure involves three steps 1 Setting up the PT878 in Flash Update mode 2 Selecting the loading interface 3 Loading the new software from the PC into the PT878 Caution To guard against mishap you should print out download or otherwise record all logs settings and other data you wish to save IMPORTANT When uploading new software the PT878 uses a bootloader program Be sure that the software you are installing is compatible with the installed bootloader version shown in the About option discussed on page 5 20 If you need to replace both programs install the new bootloader first before any other software With the current bootloader software version 3 0 and later two interfaces are available for sending software to the PT878 IrOBEX a recently introduced Microsoft infrared
190. s The Signal Setup option enables you to set parameters that affect the transducer signal e Delta T Offset e Transmit Sample Size e Zero Cutoff e Velocity Averaging e Errors Allowed e Peak Detection Method Peak Thresholds e Transmit Code To enter the option scroll to the Signal Setup entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 15 below Signal Setup Signal Para Peak Detect i Pulse Code Delta T Offset 5 ns Transmit Sample Size Zero Cutoff Velocity Averaging Errors Allowed Figure 8 15 The Signal Parameter Window Servicing the PT878 8 25 March 2005 Setting up Signal Parameters 1 Press the W arrow key to enter the window 2 The first prompt asks for the Delta T offset Delta T is the difference between the upstream and downstream transit time of the transducers The Delta T offset should normally be set to zero Note Consult GE Infrastructure Sensing before performing this step a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 3 The next prompt the transmitter sample size is the number of pulses each transmitter upstream and downstream emits It is set to 8 by default Note Consult GE Infrastructure Sensing before performing this step a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Use the V o
191. s Charee oir cect nce ee taneetn ur T Sais whee ati Ba ulnar 2 5 Charen A te 2 5 Replacing soccer iris 2 6 Battery Charger omic ado ad 6 4 6 5 Battery Options oia a ce 6 4 Battery Test Option oise st e siia aea aa a eee ee 8 40 Battery Testin ci a dhe es Gat i E eee es eee ane Soe 8 40 March 2005 Index cont C Calibration Analog Iput ien Sided a a obs Bak E ERE REES 8 21 Analog Output 2 0 0 0 eee eee 8 21 Calibration Factor Entering a 0 00 eee eee 3 44 Capturing Signals o pess ipne pre mep oere eee eee 8 39 Checks Power UD irra poena TA Ride 2 7 Clamp On Transducers Path Parameters for 0 0 0 0 eee eee ee eee ee 3 17 Clearing Softkey e E EO eee eee 5 13 Communications Option 00 00 e eee eee eee eee 6 16 Ment Maps cece ai ies A 17 Configuring the display 0 0 00 cece eee eee 5 1 COMNECHONS sorrisi i SG heh oe Meds SA dee oe Nees 2 2 Analog Inputs sisi Sg eA Big cack es ate 2 3 Analog Outputs 2 0 ee eee ee eee 2 3 POWER eea edt done EATE Palo OR E EE T et wane 2 3 Transd ceiS a ERE SA See eb Pa ee 2 3 Contrast Options veia edna ee nd reia 6 11 Contrast Adjusting 0 enoei eee eee eee 6 11 Correction Factors Option 0 0 0 0 cece eee ee eee 3 42 Menu Maps iia ees esha des tals aks fas A 16 Correction Factors Entering 0 0 0 0 eee eee eee 3 42 Customizing Softkeys 00 0 0 cee eee eee eee eee 5
192. s e Flowcell which includes the pipe and fluid e Transducers and cables Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 1 March 2005 Error Code Messages Error Code messages appear on the screen while you are displaying measurements When logs appear in graph form errors are indicated by a vertical gray bar at the point of error When they appear in a spreadsheet format errors are indicated by their number in place of the measurement The Error Code messages are only general descriptions of the possible problems Use Table 9 1 on page 9 3 to isolate and remedy the problem If you are unable to remedy the problem contact GE Infrastructure Sensing Note We suggest that in order to isolate the indicated problem more easily you obtain a test flowcell Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing for details 9 2 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting March 2005 Table 9 1 Error Messages Error Message Problem Possible Cause Action EO No error Displays briefly None required after the display Measurement is of another error valid message El Low Signal Broken cable Check transducer Poor ultra Flowcell prob cable See Flowcell sonic signal lem Transducer Problems on strength problem Elec page 9 8 and Trans tronic failure ducer Problems on page 9 11 Check programming and transducer spacing Contact the factory if problem persists E2 Sound Speed Poor flow condi Check sound speed Error Sound tions Incorrect against
193. s on the selection you made at the Function prompt If you selected Pulse Totalizer The prompt asks for the units pulse the pulse width in microseconds and the polarity Figure 3 17 on page 3 34 illustrates a Digital Output window configured for the Pulse Totalizer function For the Units Pulse and Pulse Width parameters Programming Site Data 3 35 March 2005 Entering the Digital Output cont a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your selection For Polarity a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired polarity either Low to High or High to Low c Press ENTER to confirm your selection If you selected Frequency The prompt asks for the minimum and maximum frequencies and the duty cycle percentage For each parameter a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your selection If you entered Test Points The prompt asks for the window trigger type from two choices transmit and receive These two windows can be used to trigger an oscilloscope to look at the receive signal output on another channel a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired signal c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 3 36 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering the Digital Output cont If you entered Gate Input
194. s you to calibrate the analog output and inputs To enter the option scroll to the Calibrate entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 8 13 below Calibrate Test I O TOM Analog Input i Setpoint O 4mA 20mA Actual 4mA Actual 20 mA 4 20 Calibrate Reset Figure 8 13 The Outputs Window in the Calibration Option Calibrating the Analog Output The calibration procedure consists of calibrating the analog output zero point 0 or 4 mA and then calibrating the full scale point 20 mA You enter first the setpoint and then the actual value derived from an ammeter or digital voltmeter The analog outputs have a resolution of 5 0 uA Press the V arrow key to enter the Analog Output window Servicing the PT878 8 21 March 2005 Calibrating the Analog Output cont 1 2 Connect the digital multimeter to the analog output The next prompt asks for the setpoint 4 or 20 mA Use the lt 4 and P gt arrow keys to move to the appropriate radio button and press ENTER The next prompt asks you to enter the actual value shown on the multimeter or ammeter a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the other setpoint Press the W arrow key to move to the Calibrate box and then press ENTER
195. similar to Figure 5 8 on page 5 11 2 Use the W or A arrow keys to move to the desired Clear FKey 1 2 or 3 entry on the menu Press ENTER The softkey window clears You can also clear the softkey through the Configure FKey window by selecting Clear as an entry pressing ENTER and then F3 OK Note Since the customized softkeys are saved globally they will remain even if you change site files Displaying and Configuring Data 5 13 March 2005 Managing Files The Drive Manager On occasion you might want to review print or transfer some or all of the files in the PT878 The Drive Manager allows you to view all the files stored in the meter While following the programming instructions refer to Figure A 2 on page A 2 of Appendix A Menu Maps To open the Drive Manager 1 Press MENU 2 From the Site Menu shown in Figure 5 6 on page 5 9 use the V or A arrow keys to move to the Drive Manager entry on the menu Press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 5 11 below File Manager MIES Sort SYSLOG Info SYSLOG MET DEFAULT GLOBAL TABLE MET FUNCTIO AAA LOG BBB LLOG HI 03 15 01 10 39 20 CCC LOG 6402 bytes Q LOG 91136 bytes free Figure 5 11 The Drive Manager Window The window on the left lists all the meter site and log files in the PT878 while the window on the right displays information on the file highlighted in the left window 5 14 Displ
196. sion of any given PT878 While the window normally appears briefly at startup users might want to access the information for a longer period To open the About window scroll to the About option on the Site Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 5 20 below To access data on your specific PT878 press F2 Next GE Infrastructure Sensing PT878 Portable Flowmeter Copyright 2002 General Electric Co All rights reserved This product is protected by copyright law and international treaties Unauthorized distribution decompilation or reverse engineering may result in severe civil and criminal penalties Figure 5 20 The About Window To return to Operate Mode press ESC or F3 Exit 5 22 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings Along with display formats and site data PT878 users can program global settings for the meter that suit their individual preferences The global settings include English or Metric measurement units e Battery power e Date and time parameters and appearance locale e Screen contrast e Backlight timeout Language settings Infrared communications settings Resetting forward and reverse totals e User tables e Printing a screen e Taking a bitmap capture of a screen Programming Meter Settings 6 1 March 2005 Entering the Meter Menu To enter the Meter Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of
197. ss ENTER to open the window The screen now appears similar to Figure 6 11 below UserTable1 A K U 4 Figure 6 11 The Text Creation Window b Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or symbol and press ENTER to add the letter to the label Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to alternate between a set of upper case capital letters and a set of symbols Use both screens to create the desired label c Repeat this procedure for each letter or symbol you wish to add to the label If you wish to delete a letter press F1 Delete to erase each letter or symbol from right to left on the label d When you have completed the label press F3 OK to confirm the label or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the label Programming Meter Settings 6 21 March 2005 Setting up User Tables cont Note Jt is not necessary to enter the Data Points or Max Points text boxes 4 The final prompt asks you to enter or change data in the user table a Press ENTER to open the window The screen appears similar to Figure 6 12 below Edit User Table 1 UserTable1 Y 1 2 Figure 6 12 The Edit User Table Window b Use the four arrow keys to move to the desired entry in the table c Press ENTER Then use the numeric keys to enter the desired data wh
198. t a menu item Clear Figure 5 9 The Configure FKey Window 3 Press ENTER to open the menu drop down list Then use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired submenu for example Contrast 4 Press ENTER to confirm the entry and press F3 OK to confirm the entry and close the window Press F2 Cancel to close the window without changing the key The screen now appears similar to Figure 5 10 on page 5 13 with the F1 window displaying Contrast Pressing F1 opens the Contrast window e To customize a softkey from a particular menu 1 Open the desired menu on the Menu Bar see Chapters 3 4 6 7 and 8 for details on particular menus and scroll to the desired option 2 Press the desired softkey A window appears with the question Assign current menu command to FKeyX 3 Press F3 Yes to confirm the assignment and close the window Press F2 No to close the window without changing the key 5 12 Displaying and Configuring Data March 2005 Customizing Softkeys cont ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM T Velocity m s Gain dB 1 5121 10 0 4 30 Delta T ns Volume l s 1 65 0 0 E2 Soundspeed AAA ES Figure 5 10 The Display Screen with Modified Softkey e To clear a softkey 1 From the Site Menu shown in Figure 5 6 on page 5 9 use the V or A arrow keys to move to the FKeys entry on the menu Press ENTER The screen now appears
199. t and the direction of the transmission MICROCOMPUTER The microcomputer controls the PT878 flowmeter s operation and calculates flow measurements derived from the transmitted and digitized received signals Also the microcomputer continually checks for faults and allows the use of built in diagnostics for troubleshooting e INPUT OUTPUT The input output circuitry allows the flowmeter to indicate the measured flow with the 0 4 20 mA current loop and to output to a printer or other remote device The digital output supports frequency or pulse output as well as use as a gate input it can also act as a test point for triggering an oscilloscope from the transmit or receive window 1 4 Features and Capabilities March 2005 Theory of Operation The PT878 is a transit time ultrasonic flowmeter When ultrasonic pulses are transmitted through a moving liquid the pulses that travel in the same direction as the fluid flow downstream travel slightly faster than the pulses that travel against the flow upstream The PT878 uses various digital signal processing techniques including cross correlation to determine transit times and then uses the transit times to calculate flow velocity During operation two transducers serve as both ultrasonic signal generators and receivers When mounted on a pipe they are in acoustic communication with each other so that each transducer can receive ultrasonic signals transmitted by the other tra
200. termine if such problems exist Fluid Problems Most fluid related problems can be solved by proper design of the flowmeter installation and the proper choice of transducer frequency Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing if you cannot solve a fluid related problem Certain fluid properties may prevent proper flow measurement Some fluid properties that cause problems are listed below 1 THE FLUID MUST BE HOMOGENOUS SINGLE PHASE RELATIVELY CLEAN and FLOWING STEADILY Solid particles and gas bubbles absorb and disperse ultrasound Although in some cases solids and gases have little effect on the operation of the TransPort excessive amounts will prevent ultrasound transmission through the fluid and interfere with proper flow measurement Temperature gradients may also cause a problem 2 THE FLUID MUST NOT CAVITATE NEAR THE FLOWCELL Fluids with a high vapor pressure may cavitate near or in the flowcell This causes problems resulting from gas bubbles in the fluid Cavitation can usually be controlled through proper installation design 3 THE FLUID MUST NOT ATTENUATE ULTRASOUND EXCESSIVELY Some fluids particularly those that are very viscous absorb ultrasound energy In these cases an E1 will display on the screen to indicate that the ultrasonic signal is not of sufficient strength for reliable measurements 9 8 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting March 2005 Fluid Problems cont 4 THE FLUID SOUND SPEED MUST NOT VARY
201. that window as shown in Figure 5 1 below To learn how to use the display window menu go to pages 5 2 to 5 6 ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53AM i Velocity ft s Signal dB ed View Measurement 32 0 00 A Delta T ns Volume l s E0 No Errors Figure 5 1 Display Screen After Pressing SEL Displaying and Configuring Data 5 1 March 2005 The Format Option The first option on the menu Format allows you to specify the type of notation and the number of decimal places for the measurement in that window Press ENTER and the submenu shows two options Decimal Place and Notation Press the V or A arrow keys to select either entry and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 5 2 below To scroll to a particular parameter or menu entry press the W or A key Note Jf the window displays a line or bar graph the Limits option appears instead of Format in the menu Number Format Format Fixed Decimal Decimal Places 2 Figure 5 2 The Number Format Window 1 The first entry Format asks you to select the numeric format from three choices default fixed decimal and scientific Default provides the default resolution while Fixed Decimal allows users to override the standard resolution Scientific format displays the value in mantissa and exponent format a Press ENTER to open the drop down list of format choices b Scroll to the approp
202. these extensions and transfer it it will be transferred but will not function if you open it Also if you are transferring a file and the meter already has a file with the identical name the meter will overwrite its current file with the transferred file If the transferred file has a name longer than eight characters the meter will shorten the name to eight characters and replace any spaces in the name with underbars To download a site or meter file from a PC to a PT878 1 Check that the Communications option on the PT878 see page 6 16 has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT 4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program Files QuickBeam Suite is running 2 You can send the file in one of two ways For Windows NT 4 0 e Click on the desired file and drag it onto the rocket button in the QuickBeam window as shown in Figure 4 14 below or QuickBeam File Send Options Help Figure 4 14 The QuickBeam Window Creating and Managing Sites 4 15 March 2005 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 cont e Open the Send menu in the QuickBeam window enter the Files or Files on Clipboard option scroll to the desired file and click Send QuickBeam opens a window indicating that it is downloading the file If you close and reopen the Site Manager the file appears as on
203. to delete the log The Log Manager reappears with the specified log deleted Logging Data 7 11 March 2005 Deleting a Log cont Log Manager Delete Delete Log 555 LOG Figure 7 8 The Delete Confirmation Window Deleting All Logs To clear the Log Manager and memory of all logs open the File menu scroll to the Delete All Logs option and press ENTER A window opens asking Delete All Logs Press F2 No to stop the deletion or F3 Yes to delete the logs A blank Log Manager appears All logs have been deleted Refreshing the Log Manager Screen To refresh the Log Manager screen and view the most recent information on a given log select the log you wish to view in the Log Manager Then open the File Menu scroll to the Refresh option and press ENTER The screen momentarily blanks and then reappears with the most current information on the highlighted log 7 12 Logging Data March 2005 Printing a Log To print a file from the Log Manager 1 Highlight the desired log in the window on the left of the Log Manager 2 Press MENU scroll to the Print option and press ENTER 3 The Enter Time window opens as shown in Figure 7 9 below To determine the exact time period for which you wish to print the log Enter Time Start Date Start Time 2003 03 01 13 23 41 PM End Date End Time 2003 03 01 13 53 41 PM Figure 7
204. tom Cp Data in the Energy Option cont Edit Density Kelvin Figure 3 11 The Fluid Density Table a Press ENTER to open the Edit Density table shown in Figure 3 11 above b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired temperature in degrees Kelvin and press ENTER c Press the P key to move to the kg m 3 column density in Kilogram cubic meters Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER d Repeat steps b and c for the remainder of the table e When you have completed entering up to 20 values press F3 OK to confirm the table and return to the Custom Cp window e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 3 26 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Analog Inputs The Analog Input option enables you to specify parameters for general purpose or energy inputs To enter the Inputs option scroll to the Analog Input entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER If you have not enabled the Energy Option see page 3 19 the screen appears similar to Figure 3 12 below To step through each parameter press the V key Refer to Figure A 12 on page A 12 of Appendix A Menu Maps Entering General Purpose Analog Inputs Input A Y Input B Function General
205. tomizing 0 0 0 eee eee ee eee 5 11 Software Version oia deity Coe ees BRS eb Shee ts 5 22 Sort Menu in File Manager ici sods aes da oe aS 5 20 IN bos Managera pret eee ee SN we eee See Ras 7 24 in Site Manager 08a aside ee wide ehh salts 4 18 Sound Speed Limits 0 0 0 eee eee eee 8 32 Sound Speed Calculating 0 0008 8 14 8 15 Span Full Scale Value for Analog Output 0 0 00 0 eee eee ee 3 33 Special Transducers Entering Data trepa iia 3 5 Specifications Oyer allian MS tek E RET a 10 2 10 March 2005 Index cont S cont Pipe Size and Material 0 0 00 000000004 10 8 Thickness Gauges o icosik dca kiss ERA boa eases 10 9 Transduction seb 5 Aye PEs yee eV ee Genes eee oop 10 7 Stopwatch Totalizer 0 0 eee eee eee 3 37 System Description vit dey ctyu ive a Oi 1 3 T Task Keys SA AA ok a8 2 12 Temperature Transmitter Installation 0 00 0 002 eee eee C 1 Test O ote es hal Sane Rhee ogo tee ane es 8 36 TES PPM Sa A bad atte RAA 3 36 Test SCENE eee Ee eee ee EELS 8 35 Testing Timer Circuit vii da ea das 8 37 Theory of Operation o ooooooocoococor eee eee 1 5 Thickness Calibrating sete th heats sate ete eA oe ees 8 11 Displaying in Graphical Format 04 8 9 8 10 Displaying in Numeric Format 0 0 0 0 000000 8 8 Thickness Gauge Calibrating titi is SoA alee 8 11 Entering Programming D
206. torage and Handling Information Precaution to be taken in handling and storage Store between 20 F and 120 F Spills are slippery and should be cleaned up immediately Steps to be taken in case material is released or spilled Pick up excess for disposal Clean with water Waste disposal method Dispose of in accordance with federal state and local regulations E 4 Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant March 2005 Section 8 Control Measures Respiratory Protection not required Ventilation not required Protective Gloves on individuals demonstrating sensitivity to SOUNDSAFE Eye Protection as required by working conditions Other Protective Equipment not required Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant E 5 March 2005 Appendix F Establishing IR Communications with the PT878 As discussed in Chapter 2 the PT878 includes an infrared transceiver for communication with IR products that comply with the IrDA protocol However you must also be sure that the operating system of your personal computer offers IrDA compatibility and either a built in IR port available on most laptops or an IR dongle IR to RS232 adapter for PCs without a built in IR port If your PC does not have an IR dongle GE Infrastructure Sensing recommends the ActiSys ACT IR220L infrared to RS 232 adapter which has been tested for compatibility with the PT878 Be sure to position the interface in a way that permits transmission bet
207. ts also require adding an IR dongle While laptops with a built in IR port normally do not require a dongle its addition might be necessary in some cases Windows Me 98SE 98 95 The Windows 98SE and Me operating systems include IR drivers However in most cases the IR port has not been installed or configured From the Control Panel click on Add New Hardware and select Choose Device From List Select Infrared from the list and then select the appropriate infrared port whether built in or external Note In some instances the infrared port must be enabled in the BIOS of your PC Consult your computer documentation manufacturer or MIS department Assistance is also available from the Microsoft Support Knowledge Base at http support microsoft com F 2 Establishing IR Communications with the PT878 March 2005 Appendix G Glossary AGC Automatic gain control which sets the receive amplifier based on measured signal strength This electronic circuit automatically adjusts the gain of the receive amplifier to maintain the correct receive signal amplitude Calibration Factor Correction factor used as a reference for the flowmeter electronics to ensure accurate readings and available either as a single number or as a table Delta T Offset A programmed value of which half is added to the upstream transit time and half is subtracted from the downstream transit time It can be used to offset the flow velocity reading a
208. ucer s ultrasonic transmission in the transducer wedge Zero Cutoff Parameter that causes velocity measurements less than the absolute value of the cutoff either positive or negative values to be reported as zero G 4 Glossary March 2005 Index A About Option 0 000 ee eens 5 22 Acceleration Limit momia sk kee eee ne eae eee 8 32 ACTiSYS ACT IR interface 0 0 eee eee eee 2 4 ActiSys ACT IR220L infrared adapter 04 F 1 Amplitude Discriminator LiMitS oo oooooooooooooooo 8 32 Analog Input Calibration 0 0 00 eee ee eee 8 21 Analog Input Option Ment Map isc cra thks Bad oh ae le RS dios A 12 Analog Inputs Connections cami ee ae eed eee bem Oe 2 3 in Energy Option 00 0 0 e eee eee 3 29 3 30 Analog Inputs Entering 0 0 00 eee 3 27 Analog Output Calibration 0 00 0 eee eee 8 21 Analog Output Option 0 0 2 3 31 Menu Maps seit tte thw ta dts aig cS ats A 13 Analog Output Entering 00 0 eee eee 3 31 Analog Outputs Connechons 2 ta ld o Re 2 3 ANSI Schedule Applying 00 0000 ee eee 3 10 TTOWLK YS eco sige a dt nds 2 12 Axial Length Entering 0 00 00 2c e eee eee 3 18 B Backlight Options aio Gaines Co beta Pee wanes BE ede eae 6 13 Backlight Timeout for 0 0 eee eee eee 6 13 Bar Graph Display 00 0 0 eee eee ee eee 5 4 Batterie
209. up a New Log cont f General Measurements Log Name 10SEC LOG Format Linear Circular Type e Standard _ Error Start Date Time 2000 11 01 01 38 08 End Date Time 2000 11 01 09 38 08 Logging Interval secs Figure 7 5 The General Log Format Window To step through each parameter press the W key 1 The first prompt asks you to choose between a linear or circular format for the log a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 2 The next prompt asks you to choose whether the log is to be a standard or error log a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 7 6 Logging Data March 2005 Setting up a New Log cont 3 The next prompt asks for the starting date and time a Press ENTER to enter the text box The meter highlights the first number Use the lt d and P keys to scroll to any number you wish to change or the P key to scroll to the time box b Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted number Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the text box displays 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the month and from 01 to
210. ween the interface and the infrared sensor on the PT878 shown in Figure 2 2 on page 2 2 Table F 1 below lists IrDA compatibility for various past and current Microsoft Windows operating systems IrCOMM is an infrared standard supported by Microsoft while OBEX is a newer infrared standard which allows more straightforward use and faster file transfers while tolerating IR interruptions better Table F 1 IrDA Compatibility of Windows Operating Systems Operating System IrcOMM OBEX Windows XP Yes Windows 2000 Yes Windows NT 4 0 QuickBeam Windows Me Windows 98 SE Windows 98 Windows 95 Windows 3 1 DOS 6 22 Establishing IR Communications with the PT878 F 1 March 2005 May require QuickBeam installation under some circumstances when Windows built in support fails QuickBeam is a recom mended infrared file software transfer utility from Extended Sys tems Inc Since Windows NT4 0 does not provide built in support for IR file transfer QuickBeam is necessary with this operating sys tem Windows 2000 XP Both Windows 2000 and XP include infrared drivers in their operating systems From the Control Panel click on Add New Hardware and select the appropriate IR port whether built in or using an external dongle Windows NT4 0 For IR use Windows NT4 0 requires installation of QuickBeam software from Extended Systems www extendedsystems com Desktop PCs and laptops without built in IR por
211. you have selected a preprogrammed material the PT878 automatically supplies the correct sound speed and you can proceed to step 3 e If you have selected Other the meter prompts you to enter the sound speed Use the numeric keys to type the desired sound speed in the text box and press ENTER to confirm the choice 3 The meter now asks for the lining thickness Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value in the text box and press ENTER to confirm your entry Pressing the V key returns the meter to the Lining tab e To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To scroll to other windows press the d or P key Your changes will remain until you select OK or Cancel from one of the tabbed windows in the Transducer Pipe form 3 12 Programming Site Data March 2005 Entering Fluid Types and Speeds To access the Fluid option scroll to the Fluid entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER If you are already in the Transducer Pipe form press the gt arrow key to reach the Fluid window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 3 5 below To step through each parameter press the V key Refer to Figure A 9 on page A 9 of Appendix A Menu Maps Transducer Pipe Transducer Pipe A Path Tracking Windows No
212. ys the current meter date 3 Press ENTER to enter the text window The meter highlights the center number Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to any number you wish to change 4 Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted number e Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number e Use the VW or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the text box highlights 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the month and from 01 to 31 for the day depending on the number you have selected for the month In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry 6 6 Programming Meter Settings March 2005 Entering Date and Time cont To enter or change the time 1 From the time text box press the V key once to scroll to the time text box This box displays the current meter time 2 Press ENTER to enter the text box The meter highlights the first number Use the lt d and P keys to scroll to any number you wish to change 3 Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted number e Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number e Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the text box highlights 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the hour and from 01 to 59 for the minute and second i

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