User Manual for the CALL courseware development Template
Contents
1. gt lt text gt lt english gt Bonjour lt english gt lt text gt lt answer gt lt answer id 1 gt lt text gt lt english gt Salut lt english gt lt text gt lt answer gt lt question record gt lt questions gt Adding a new entry In the current implementation there is a limit of 3 questions in the end of lesson exercise Deleting an unwanted question If you want to remove a question you simply have to remove all the text of the question including the start lt question record gt and end lt question record gt tags However as each endo of lesson exercise generally has only 3 questions reducing it might make it a bit too easy of the learner Save the file You should then save the end of lesson exercise file once you have made all the changes It should be saved with its original name 2 8 2 How to generate an end of lesson exercise web page Once the end of lesson exercise file has been prepared you will be able generate the web page To do this you should run or execute the exercise file in the generate directory This will put the resulting end of lesson exercise file into the html directory Here are the steps to follow 1 Go to the generate directory for the current lesson 2 Double click on the file called exercise bat 3 This will automatically put the end of lesson exercise web pages into the html directory 2 8 3 Checking an end of lesson exercise web page You can check2. 0 lt correct gt lt feedback gt lt english gt Comment t appelle tu lt english gt lt feedback gt lt answer gt lt answer id 2 gt lt text gt lt english gt How are you lt english gt lt text gt lt correct gt 0 lt correct gt lt feedback gt lt english gt Comment allez vous lt english gt lt feedback gt lt answer gt lt question record gt Figure 2 9 Sample XML data file for multiple choice activity file Adding a new entry In the current implementation there is a limit of 3 questions in the multiple choice activity Deleting an unwanted question If you want to remove a question you simply have to remove all the text of a question including the start lt question record gt and end lt question record gt tags However as each multiple choice activity generally has only 3 questions reducing it to two might make it a bit too easy of the learner and we wouldn t want that now would we Save the file You should then save the multiple choice activity file once you have made all the changes It should be saved with its original name 278 2 6 2 How to generate a multiple choice activity web page Now that the multiple choice activity file has been prepared you will want to generate the web page To do this you should run or execute the activitySelect file in the generate directory This will put the resulting multiple choice activity file s into the html directory Here
3. 2 1 How to prepare the alphabet page This section tells you how to prepare the alphabet file The alphabet file is in the source directory of the alphabet directory It is called lettera xml Figure 3 1 shows an example of an alphabet file lt letter gt lt character gt a lt character gt lt example gt word beginning with a lt example gt lt meaning gt lt english gt Meaning lt english gt lt meaning gt lt letter gt lt letter gt lt character gt b lt character gt lt example gt word beginning with b lt example gt lt meaning gt lt english gt Meaning lt english gt lt meaning gt lt note gt lt english gt Often confused with v lt english gt lt note gt lt letter gt Figure 3 1 Sample alphabet file The lines that you fill in are highlighted in grey You will replace these highlighted areas with the appropriate information in English and the target language The source file that you will be working with has blanks instead of the highlighted parts The entry for the letter v might look something like this lt letter gt lt character gt v lt character gt lt example gt vin lt example gt lt meaning gt lt english gt wine lt english gt lt meaning gt lt letter gt You will fill in an entry for each letter in the alphabet 288 Remove a letter You can remove sample entries by deleting all the text from the starting lt letter gt tag to the end lt let
4. are the steps to follow 1 Go to the generate directory for the current lesson 2 Double click on the file called activitySelect bat 3 This will automatically put the individual multiple choice activity web pages into the html directory 2 6 3 Checking a multiple choice activity web page You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the html directory for the current lesson 2 Each multiple choice activity file name is made up of the information e lesson number e g 101 for lesson 01 a for activity a number usually 1 2 to indicate section 1 or 2 a for all _eng to indicate that the courseware is being taught through English html as the web page file extension For example 101a2a_eng html is the multiple choice activity page for section 2 of lesson 1 3 Double click on the multiple choice activity file that you wish to check 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the multiple choice activity file again see How to prepare a multiple choice activity file and repeat the process 2 7 Pair match activity information 2 7 1 How to prepare a pair match activity page This section tells you how to prepare a pair match activity file All the pair match activity files have the same structure so once you know how to prepare one you ll be able to prepare any number of t
5. bat 7 This will automatically put the language learning tips web page into the html directory 3 5 3 Checking the language learning tips web page You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 8 Go to the html directory for the general directory 9 The language learning tips file is called tips_eng html 10 Double click on a tips file 11 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information 293 If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the language learning tips file again see How to prepare the language learning tips page and repeat the process 3 6 How to change the format of a page Changing the format of a page is not as straightforward as changing the contents of a page The format information is stored in the XSL files To be able to change these files you need to have an understanding of XSL files The Reference Manual contains technical information about these files It is recommended that you do not attempt to change the XSL files without XSL knowledge Once you have made the changes you will have to regenerate all the files of that type in the system 294
6. changing the text between the lt english gt lt english gt tags You can add a fuller explanation by putting text in the lt full gt lt english gt lt english gt lt full gt part of the entry Deleting an unwanted explanation If there is an explanation in the explanation file that you do not need you can simply delete all that part of the file You must take care to delete from the starting tag lt explanation gt up to and including the end tag lt explanation gt Save the file You should then save the explanation file once you have made all the changes It should be saved with its original name 2 4 2 How to generate an explanation web page Now that the explanation file has been prepared you will want to generate the web page To do this you should run or execute the grammar and grammarAll files in the generate directory This will put the resulting grammar explanation file s into the html directory Here are the steps to follow 1 Go to the generate directory for the current lesson 271 2 Double click on the file called grammar bat 3 This will automatically put the individual grammar explanation web pages into the html directory 4 Double click on the file called grammarAll bat 5 This will automatically put the combined grammar explanation page into the html directory 2 4 3 Checking an explanation web page You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the h
7. click on the section file that you wish to check 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the section conversation file again see How to prepare a section file and repeat the process 2 4 Explanation information 2 4 1 How to prepare an explanation page This section tells you how to prepare an explanation file All the explanation files have the same structure so once you know how to prepare one you ll be able to prepare any number of them A sample of an explanation page is shown in figure 2 3 Figure 2 4 shows an example of an XML explanation file The lines that you have to fill in are highlighted in grey English words and phrases have been used in the highlighted parts but you will replace them with the words and phrases in the target language In the blank source file that you will be working with there are blank spaces instead of highlighted grey parts You can leave the English words and phrases that are not highlighted as they are you do not have to change them However if an explanation is not required for your language you can delete the explanation You can also add a new item if required This will be explained further on in this section Explanation file names All the explanation files have the following naming convention L lesson number g section number xml For example the explanation file for less
8. english gt ten lt english gt lt meaning gt lt grammar_info gt lt type gt noun lt type gt lt category gt number lt category gt lt grammar_info gt lt link gt lt link gt lt audio gt dix lt audio gt lt wordm gt lt word gt 3 3 2 How to generate the dictionary web pages When the dictionary files have been prepared you will be able generate the web pages To do this you should run or execute the dict file in the generate directory This will put the resulting dictionary files into the html directory Note that the dict command produces several web pages including a wordlist a basic dictionary and a full dictionary Here are the steps to follow 1 Go to the generate directory for the dict directory 2 Double click on the file called dict bat 3 This will automatically put the dictionary web pages into the html directory 290 3 3 3 Checking the dictionary web pages You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the html directory for the dictionary 2 The dictionary file names all begin with dict_ 3 Double click on a dictionary file 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the dictionary files again see How to prepare the dictionary pages and repeat the process 3 4 Culture information 3 4 1 How to prepare the culture page This
9. lt english gt lt right gt lt item gt lt words gt Adding a new entry In the current implementation there is a limit of 5 words or phrases in the pair match activity 281 Deleting an unwanted pair match If you want to remove a pair match item you simply have to remove all the text of an item including the start lt item gt and end lt item gt tags However as each pair match activity generally has 5 questions reducing it might make it a bit too easy of the learner Save the file You should then save the pair match activity file once you have made all the changes It should be saved with its original name 2 7 2 How to generate a pair match activity web page Now that the pair match activity file has been prepared you will want to generate the web page To do this you should run or execute the activityMatch file in the generate directory This will put the resulting pair match activity file s into the html directory Here are the steps to follow 1 Go to the generate directory for the current lesson 2 Double click on the file called activityMatch bat 3 This will automatically put the individual pair match activity web pages into the html directory 2 7 3 Checking a pair match activity web page You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the html directory for the current lesson 2 Each pair match activity file name is made up of the information e lesson
10. mp3 lt sound gt lt image gt hello vt gif lt image gt lt question gt lt must select all gt 0 lt must select all gt lt answer id 0 gt lt text gt lt english gt yehyek tunal lt english gt lt text gt lt correct gt 1 lt correct gt lt feedback gt lt english gt Hello lt english gt lt feedback gt lt answer gt other answers will have the same structure lt question record gt lt questions gt Figure 2 13 Sample XML end of lesson exercise file End of lesson exercise file explanation The end of lesson file is made up 3 questions Most questions have 3 answers of which more than one may be correct Each question is made up of a lt question gt and two or three lt answer gt sections Each question record has the following information e id the number of the question either 1 2 or 3 e the question which may either be in English or the target language e an audio file with a correct answer e an image file related to the question Each answer record has a possible correct answer A sample for a French language end of lesson exercise might be as follows lt question record id 0 gt lt question gt lt english gt What would your response be to amp quot Bonjour amp quot lt english gt lt sound gt bonjour mpg lt sound gt lt image gt hello vt gif lt image gt lt question gt lt must select all gt 0 lt must select all gt 284 lt answer id 0
11. section shows how to prepare the culture information The culture information is stored in the culture1 xml file in the general directory There is no limit to the number of entries in the file Figure 3 4 shows an example of a culture file The areas to be filled in are highlighted in grey although they are actually blank in the real file lt text gt lt subtext lang 0 tid 1 gt lt name gt name lt name gt lt stitle gt Tiele lt stitle gt lt stext gt lt main gt Text information lt main gt lt stext gt lt subtext gt lt subtext lang 0 tid 2 gt lt name gt name lt name gt lt stitle gt mieie lt stitle gt lt stext gt lt main gt Text information lt main gt lt stext gt lt subtext gt lt text gt Figure 3 4 Sample culture file 291 The lt subtext gt tag contains a lang element which you can ingore and a tid element The tid element is the number of the element Make sure that each entry in your file has a different tid The lt name gt is an internal for the entry For example If you are talking about people you might use the word people Make sure that it s a single word with no spaces Next is the lt stitle gt which is the title of the information The text part of the information is written between the lt main gt and lt main gt tags A sample entry for the culture file is shown below lt subtext lang 0 tid
12. 1 gt lt name gt where lt name gt lt stitle gt Places that speak French lt stitle gt lt stext gt lt main gt French is spoken in Europe France Belgium Africa many countries especially in West Africa several island in the Caribbean and around the Pacific lt main gt lt stext gt lt subtext gt 3 4 2 How to generate the culture web page When the culture file has been prepared you will be able generate the web pages To do this you should run or execute the culture file in the generate directory This will put the resulting culture file into the html directory Here are the steps to follow 1 Go to the generate directory in the general directory Double click on the file called culture bat 3 This will automatically put the culture web page into the html directory 3 4 3 Checking the culture web page You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the html directory for the general directory 2 The culture file is called culture_eng html 3 Double click on a culture file 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the culture file again see How to prepare the culture page and repeat the process 3 5 Language learning tips 3 5 1 How to add language learning tips This section shows how to add language learning tips The language learning tips a
13. Appendix K User Manual User Manual for the CALL courseware development Template CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 0 0 0 0 0 cence eee ence ene eneeeeneneneneeaenens 1 1 Introduction a nee teats aeaa casas olen pats Rea TEP eats E TE TT ELORO 1 2 Who are the Users enei pnn anaa i eaa ET goatee a T ER a a ASE 1 3 What this manual provides 1 0 0 0 0 ri eieae erer ii imi Tana CEE DEE n 1 4 Courseware Organisation 3 ce cs descents as riara e ied EEEE EA E AT S aED ERANS CHAPTER2 Creating lessons zon ias ienna e o aeae TE RE TERA anaa 2 1 How to install a blank language learning course cc eee eee eee ee ence eee eeeee enone 22 How to create a language lesson 00 cece eee e cece ence eee ee eee eee eneea eee eeaeennenaente 2 3 Sechon Norman sieves cevceesa wee eave olin Vag dawns eks Ad eg Te ee eve eee eevee 2 3 1 How to prepare a section file sgir inaia cece cece cence cence eens eee e ene eaaes 2 3 2 How to generate a section web page cece cece cece cent eee ene eaeneenes 2 3 3 Checking a section Web page cece cece eee ce eee e eiir nauri i ence encase 2 4 Explanation information cce eee neria KEE EE SE VETE TE 2 4 1 How to prepare an explanation file 2 0 0 0 cece cee ec cece cece eee ee ee eneeeee ea eee 2 4 2 How to generate an explanation web page ecceeceeeeeneee cence eeeeeenees 2 4 3 Checking a explanation web page cece cece eee
14. NE ETS 3 5 Language learning information sssserssssrrsssrrrrsreresssrrrsrrrerrerrerseresrerreet 3 3 1 How to prepare a language learning file 0 e eee een e teens 3 3 2 How to generate a language web page 0 cece cece eee ee nee ne tence nena ena ee 3 3 3 Checking a language page o cro ienai cece cece cece cence nent ne ene ee ene ene AAEREN 3 6 How to change the format of a page cece cece cece nett neta e teens tae naenens 262 NOR Re ee ONAINANANAVA HAW WwW WW Chapter 1 1 Introduction This manual shows you how to use the CALL Computer Assisted Language Learning template It tells you how to install the template on your own computer and how to edit and prepare the courseware to create a language learning program for the language you wish to teach This manual has not been written with technical experts in mind it is aimed at potential users who are not assumed to have much technical knowledge although a basic understanding of computers is required e g what a file is 1 1 What the system provides The system provides a CALL template which can be used to develop a language learning program for a given language The system provides 12 sample lessons which in turn have 3 sections each Each section has a conversation file as well as an explanation vocabulary and an activity file You the user will enter your target language information into the system and run a simple prog
15. ared one section conversation file Note Saving a file from wordpad To save a file from wordpad select File then Save This will save the file with the new information All the section files have the exact same structure the only thing that varies is the contents You will now be able to prepare all the section conversations in the courseware 2 3 2 How to generate a section web page Now that the section file has been prepared you will want to generate the web page To do this you should run or execute the section file in the generate directory This will put the resulting section file s into the html directory Here are the steps to follow 268 1 Go to the generate directory for the current lesson 2 Double click on the file called section bat 3 This will automatically put the section web pages into the html directory 2 3 3 Checking a section web page You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the html directory for the current lesson 2 Each section file name is made up of the information e lesson number e g 101 for lesson 01 s for section a number either 1 2 or 3 to indicate which section a for all optionally a t for the translation version of the page _eng to indicate that the courseware is being taught through English html as the web page file extension For example 101s2a_eng html is the section page for section 2 of lesson 1 3 Double
16. ays appear first There is no fixed format for the questions One suggestion is to put the answer in English if the question is in the target language or visa versa Examples 1 and 2 provide two possible options There are other possible options also Example 1 Question What is the meaning of Comment vous appellez vous Answer 0 What is your name formal Correct Answer 1 What is your name informal Incorrect Answer 2 How are you Incorrect Example 2 Question How do you say What is your name Answer 0 Comment vous appellez vous Correct Answer 1 Comment t appelle tu Correct Answer 2 Comment allez vous Incorrect 277 Suppose we wanted to put the first example into our multiple choice activity file The result would look something like this lt question record id 0 gt lt question gt lt english gt What is the meaning of amp quot Comment vous allez vous quot lt english gt lt image gt hello vt gif lt image gt lt question gt lt must select all gt 0 lt must select all gt lt answer id 0 gt lt text gt lt english gt What is your name formal lt english gt lt text gt lt correct gt 1 lt correct gt lt feedback gt lt english gt Comment vous allez vous lt english gt lt feedback gt lt answer gt lt answer id 1 gt lt text gt lt english gt What is your name informal lt english gt lt text gt lt correct gt
17. ce ee ene eens eens ee eneeas 2 5 Vocabulary informations sorie ees vide ya E NERE ACN ek ok de ee A a des 2 5 1 How to prepare a vocabulary file 0 0 0 0 cece cence ene nsec nena ones 2 5 2 How to generate a vocabulary web page cece cece eee ce ee ene eee ne eee e eae 2 5 3 Checking a vocabulary page cece cece cece cece eee e ee eee ee ea eae taenennes 2 6 Multiple choice activity information cece cee cence ences ee ne eneeeeneeneenens 2 6 1 How to prepare a multiple choice activity file cece ee ee 2 6 2 How to generate a multiple choice activity web page cece eee 2 6 3 Checking a multiple choice activity page cece eee cence nent eae 2 7 Pair match activity information c cece cee cece ence ence nee e ce eee eee eeaeeeeenaenaeeneee 2 7 1 How to prepare a pair match activity file 0 00 00 ccc e cece ence eee ee eee eeneee 2 7 2 How to generate a pair match activity web page cscs eeeeeeeneeeeeeeeees 2 7 3 Checking a pair match activity page 0 cece eect eee ee eae ee eae eas 2 8 End of lesson exercise information cece eee eee e eee eee ne eee ee tetas teens naees 2 8 1 How to prepare an end of lesson exercise file 2 00 0 0 e cece eee eee 2 8 2 How to generate an end of lesson web page ce cece sees eeeneeeeneeaes 2 8 3 Checking an end of lesson page 0 ccc cece cece eee teen eee tee
18. hem Figure 2 10 shows a sample pair match activity page Figure 2 11 shows an example of a pair match activity file The lines that you have to fill in are highlighted in grey English words and phrases have been used in the highlighted parts but you will replace them with the words and phrases in the target language In the blank source file that you will be working with there are blank spaces instead of highlighted grey parts Pair match activity files provide the learners with a list of words on the right hand side of the page which must be paired with their matching words or phrases on the left hand side of the page 279 T Family Members Micrasalt internet Explorer sed Si BIB CtomcaNekerletomcat a2 webappricocconmhei LI Hmi a eng Hn z ec Move the words on the right to their corresponding word on the left to be to live Hello good moming z g Figure 2 10 Sample pair match activity page lt words gt lt item id 0 gt lt left gt lt english gt Word for I here lt english gt lt left gt lt right gt lt english gt I lt english gt lt right gt lt item gt lt item id 1 gt lt left gt lt english gt Word for you Her lt english gt lt left gt lt right gt lt english gt you lt english gt lt right gt lt item gt Items 2 3 4 have a similar structure lt words gt Figure 2 11 Sample XML pair match activity file 280 Pa
19. hen you are using the system you will only edit files in the source directories A language lesson is made up of 3 sections an explanation a vocabulary list for the lesson and an end of lesson exercise All the files for a given lesson are stored in the source directory Each filename will start with the number of the lesson e g 102 for lesson 2 Each lesson source directory contains the following files e 3 section files e g 102s 1 xml for section 1 of lesson 2 e 3 grammar explanation files e g 102g3 xml for grammar explanations of section 3 of lesson 2 3 vocabulary files e g 102v2 xml for vocabulary file for section 2 of lesson 2 3 activity files e g 102a1 xml for activity file for section 1 of lesson 2 1 exercise file e g 102e xml for end of lesson exercise for lesson 2 1 title file e g title2 xml for the title file of lesson 2 The general process is to edit the file you wish to change generate the web page and then check to see if it s correct Figure 2 1 shows how a HTML web page is generated from an XML source file 265 XML System file source file to generate html page Figure 2 1 Converting an XML source file into a web page This section explains how to prepare each of the different files types section explanation vocabulary activity exercise and title Each of these files is a simple text file so you must use a simple text editor to edit the file wordpad is good editor to use You ca
20. hich section or 0 to indicate the combined explanation for the lesson e a for all _eng to indicate that the courseware is being taught through English html as the web page file extension For example 101v2a_eng html is the vocabulary page for section 2 of lesson 1 3 Double click on the vocabulary file that you wish to check 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the vocabulary file again see How to prepare a vocabulary file and repeat the process 2 6 Multiple choice activity information 2 6 1 How to prepare a multiple choice activity page This section tells you how to prepare a multiple choice activity file All the multiple choice activity files have the same structure so once you know how to prepare one you ll be able to prepare any number of them Figure 2 7 shows a sample multiple choice activity page Figure 2 8 shows an example of a multiple choice activity file The lines that you have to fill in are highlighted in grey English words and phrases have been used in the highlighted parts but you will replace them with the words and phrases in the target language In the blank source file that you will be working with there are blank spaces instead of highlighted grey parts Multiple choice activity files provide the learners with questions and a selection of answers The learners have to select the correct a
21. highlighted grey parts You can leave the English words and phrases that are not highlighted as they are you do not have to change them lt xml version 1 0 gt lt section id 1 gt lt title gt The title in the target language lt title gt lt theme gt lt english gt Hi how are you lt english gt lt theme gt lt text gt lt content gt lt pl gt lt who gt Speaker lt who gt lt what gt Phrase lt what gt lt english gt Hello lt english gt lt pl gt lt p2 gt lt who gt Speaker lt who gt lt what gt Phrase lt what gt lt english gt Hello lt english gt lt p2 gt lt pl gt and lt p2 gt information can be repeated as required lt content gt lt text gt lt section gt Figure 2 2 Sample XML section conversation file Section file names All the section files have the following naming convention 1 lesson number s section number xml For example the section file for lesson 2 section 1 will be 102s1 xml All the section files are in the source directory of each lesson Section file explanation You can ignore the first line as it s internal information for the system lt xml version 1 0 gt The next part is the section id information lt section id 1 gt tells the system that this is section 1 This tells the system the section number You do not have to change this 267 Next is the title information Each secti
22. ing items e the item to explain lt item gt e the meaning of the item lt meaning gt lt english gt e an optional full explanation lt full gt lt english gt The item which you want to explain is written between the lt item gt tags Suppose you wished to explain Bonjour to the learner The result would look something like this lt explanation lang english gt lt item gt Salut lt item gt lt text gt lt meaning gt lt english gt Hello lt english gt lt meaning gt lt full gt lt english gt Salut is an informal way of saying hello in French Bonjour is more formal There are also different words for saying hello depending on the time of day lt english gt lt full gt lt text gt lt explanation gt Some items will only need a meaning explanation while others will need a more detailed explanation You can leave the lt full gt lt english gt section blank if you only want to provide a brief explanation to the learner You can use the lt full gt lt english gt section for providing more information to the user Adding a new entry If you need to add a new explanation you can simply copy all of the text from another entry including the start lt explanation gt and end lt explanation gt tags Paste the copied text into the desired location in the file You can now change the item by changing the text between the lt item gt and lt item gt tags You can change the meaning by
23. ir match activity file names All the pair match activity files have the following naming convention 1 lesson number a section number xml For example the pair match activity file for lesson 2 section 3 will be 102a3 xml All the pair match activity files are in the source directory of each lesson Generally the pair match activity is used for section 3 of each lesson Pair match activity file explanation The pair match activity file is made up 5 items Each item has the following information e left hand side word or phrase e right hand side word or phrase Figure 5 6 shows a sample of a pair match activity file The words or phrases on the left hand side will always appear in the same order but the order of the words or phrases on the right hand side will vary It is recommended that you do not mix words and phrases from the target language with English e g put all the English words and phrases on one side and all the target language matches on the other side This is to minimise learner confusion especially at the ab initio stage An example for a French language pair match activity might look something like this lt words gt lt item id 0 gt lt left gt lt english gt je lt english gt lt left gt lt right gt lt english gt I lt english gt lt right gt lt item gt lt item id 1 gt lt left gt lt english gt Tu vous lt english gt lt left gt lt right gt lt english gt you
24. lary file 273 Vocabulary file explanation The vocabulary file is made up of several words and phrases Each vocabulary item is contained within lt explanation gt lt explanation gt tags Each vocabulary item has the following items e the item to explain lt item gt e the meaning of the item lt meaning gt lt english gt The item which you want to explain is written between the lt item gt tags The vocabulary item just contains the meaning of the item it does not contain an explanation of it this information goes in the explanation file The purpose of the vocabulary file is to provide a quick checklist to the user of the new vocabulary encountered in the section The vocabulary entry for Salut would look something like this lt explanation lang english gt lt text gt lt item gt Salut lt item gt lt text gt lt meaning gt lt english gt Hello lt english gt lt meaning gt lt text gt lt explanation gt Adding a new entry If you need to add a new vocabulary item you can simply copy all of the text from another entry including the start lt explanation gt and end lt explanation gt tags Paste the copied text into the desired location in the file You can now change the item by changing the text between the lt item gt and lt item gt tags You can change the meaning by changing the text between the lt english gt lt english gt tags Deleting an unwanted vocabulary item The
25. lessions directory Within this directory there is a separate directory for each lesson as well as a directory for the dictionary entries and general audio files For example LO1 contains all the sound files for lesson 1 Sound files are stored in mp3 format wav format is another option although the files tend to be much larger than the corresponding mp3 files Each lesson directory contains the follow files e the sound files for each section conversation e an individual sound file for each phrase of each conversation within the lesson e possible extra sound files for edited answers to end of lesson questions Sound file names All the sound files for the full conversions have the following naming convention L lesson number a 1 mp3 For example the sound file for lesson 2 section 1 will be L2a2 mp3 All the sound files for the phrase of the conversions have the following naming convention L lesson number a 1 phrase number mp3 For example the sound file for phrase 3 of lesson 2 section 1 will be LO2a103 mp3 286 Some lesson may have extra edited sound files for the audio answers to the end of lesson exercise These files have the following naming convention L lesson number a 1 phrase number letter mp3 For example the edited sound file for phrase 3 of lesson 2 section 1 will be L02a103a mp3 Adding sound files to the system If you want to add a sound file to the system it must be placed in
26. llow to create a web page explained in detail in the rest of this manual but just to give you a brief overview they are listed here for reference Find the file you wish to edit Open the file and add change the information Save the file Generate the web page for the file using a system program sanoi tad am The language must have an alphabet that can be written with Unicode if the language uses letters of the English alphabet or another Unicode type alphabet there should be no problems 263 5 Check that the web page is what you expected 6 Repeat from step 1 if more changes are required 1 4 Courseware organisation The courseware consists of the following directories 12 lesson directories an alphabet directory a dictionary directory a grammar revision directory a general directory with common system files an image directory with images provided by the system a scan directory for the culturally specific images a tools directory with internal system tools an xsl directory with internal system tools Don t be put off by the apparently large number of directories that exist You will not use all the directories some of them are just internal system directories The directories you will work with are e LOI L12 the lesson directories alphabet the alphabet directory dict the dictionary directory lessions the sound directory scans the cultural image directory The structure of each of these direc
27. n start wordpad by clicking on the Start button selection Programs then Accessories and finally wordpad Note Using wordpad You can start wordpad by clicking on the Start button selection Programs then Accessories and finally wordpad 2 3 Section information 2 3 1 How to prepare a section file This section tells you how to prepare a section file All the section files have the same structure so once you know how to prepare one you ll be able to prepare any number of them Figure 2 1 shows an example of a section page s hite wew compapn deu ses award nowet LOT him 101s1 a_eeg hind Miceosedt Internet Explore Ble Edt View Fawet Took Heb Ka und r ix A a a sd Back FU 5p Alekesh Seach Favie res hip Jann Compape deuia ra Nawat language program ye OS Section 1 Emplanation Vocabules Hele Lesson 1 yehyek tunal Greetings Section yehyek tunal yek tunel of Ti how are you Genaro yehyek tunal Padia yehyel tonal Genaro ken tinem Paix naha niemi yek wan taba Genaro nusan yek padnu Figure 2 1 Sample section page Figure 2 2 shows an example of an XML data file for a section file The lines that you have to fill in are highlighted in grey English words and phrases have been used in the 266 highlighted parts but you will replace them with the words and phrases in the target language In the blank source file that you will be working with there are blank spaces instead of
28. ne na ene nae ens 2 9 Imagesnformation seeds 6 i ean teed enearev leuk cea ev eeeo emetic sheesh edanaead tne ge AERE 2 10 Sound itormation Tasis mnei neer ate sees eee ante iei Secededensece ds cde sae anes sy CHAPTER 3 Creating other courseware pages c cece ee eeeeneee tenet eneeenenees 3 1 Introd cton en en n es veeuties Soeur ea Sete E EA EE R Ea 3 2 Alphabet nformaton 2 deo c deci educate nee pewee te eg cab eee didepanes see tasoecuamtes teonevesteees 3 2 1 How to prepare an alphabet file 0 c ee eee eee ee eee eaees 3 2 2 How to generate an alphabet web page cece cece cence nce e cette teenies 3 2 3 Checking an alphabet page 0 cece cece nce e eee e ence eens ene ee en een ens 3 3 Dictionary mtormation 2 20002 ele aaa E A E E E E E E EE REAS 3 3 1 How to prepare a dictionary file 0 cece eee c een ene ne ee ee ea ens 3 3 2 How to generate a dictionary web page cece eee eee ce cence eee e ene teen eens 3 3 3 Checking a dictionary page 0c cece cece eee e neces ee tenet e neta anaes 3 4 Culture information 3s erakar Eara ae rE EACEA cache eg lig aag estes dats ORRERA ELSE ocebecs 3 3 1 How to prepare a culture filess ois ccr riris cece cece veriri irinari rerasan 3 3 2 How to generate a culture web page sssssesssresssrrssssrrsesrerrsrreerereesee 3 3 3 Ch cking a c lt r page srei seini reee gh sve cedees pone tal EEn ES TESI ER IESE
29. nswer from the options There may be more than one correct answer There is also the possibility to provide the learner with feedback One suggestion for the initial version of the courseware is to use the feedback to provide a translation of the question if it is appropriate Later versions can focus more on providing better feedback Multiple choice activity files are a little bit more complex than other file types They do however follow a similar convention so don t worry if it looks a bit more confusing that the other file types 275 Questions for this Section Multiple choce exercise Figure 2 7 Sample multiple choice activity page lt questions gt lt question record id 0 gt lt question gt lt english gt How would you Say quot Good Mornings quot lt english gt lt image gt hello vt gif lt image gt lt question gt lt must select all gt 0 lt must select all gt lt answer id 0 gt lt text gt lt english gt Answer 0 here lt english gt lt text gt lt correct gt 1if Correct otherwise 0 lt correct gt lt feedback gt lt eng i sh gt PESGBEEK IES IaNSWEEIONHGEE lt english gt lt feedback gt lt answer gt answers 1 and 2 have the same structure lt question gt lt questions gt Figure 2 8 Sample XML multiple choice activity file 276 Multiple choice activity file names All the multiple choice activity files have the following naming conventi
30. number e g 101 for lesson 01 a for activity a number usually 3 to indicate section 3 a for all _eng to indicate that the courseware is being taught through English html as the web page file extension For example 101a3a_eng html is the pair match activity page for section 3 of lesson 3 Double click on the pair match activity file that you wish to check 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the pair match activity file again see How to prepare a pair match activity file and repeat the process 2 8 End of lesson exercise information 2 8 1 How to prepare an end of lesson exercise page This section tells you how to prepare an end of lesson exercise file All the end of lesson exercise files have the same structure so once you know how to prepare one you ll be able to prepare any number of them Figure 2 12 shows a sample of an end of lesson exercise page Figure 2 13 shows an example of an end of lesson exercise file The lines that you have to fill in are highlighted in grey English words and phrases 282 have been used in the highlighted parts but you will replace them with the words and phrases in the target language In the blank source file that you will be working with there are blank spaces instead of highlighted grey parts End of lesson exercise files provide the learners with questions and they ha
31. o prepare the dictionary This section shows how to prepare the dictionary information The dictionary entries for each letter are stored in the source directory under the dictionary directory There is a separate XML file for each letter in the alphabet of the target language Figure 3 2 shows an example of a dictionary file The areas to be filled in are highlighted in grey although they are actually blank in the real file To add a new word to the dictionary simply copy the information for an already existing word including both starting lt word gt and ending lt word gt tags and change the information Each letter in the alphabet will have its own XML file which will be the letter of the alphabet with a xml extension For example the dictionary entry for dix will be in the d xml file 289 lt word gt lt base gt word in target language lt base gt lt wordm gt lt pron gt pronunciation lt pron gt lt meaning gt lt english gt English meaning lt english gt lt meaning gt lt grammar_info gt lt type gt noun verb etc lt type gt lt category gt semantic category lt category gt lt grammar_info gt lt link gt lt link gt lt audio gt word name lt audio gt lt wordm gt lt word gt Figure 3 2 Sample dictionary file The sample entry for dix would be lt word gt lt base gt dix lt base gt lt wordm gt lt pron gt dees lt pron gt lt meaning gt lt
32. on 1 lesson number a section number xml For example the multiple choice activity file for lesson 2 section 1 will be 102a1 xml All the multiple choice activity files are in the source directory of each lesson Generally there are two multiple choice activity files in each lesson one for section 1 and the other for section 2 Multiple choice activity file explanation The multiple choice activity file is made up 3 questions Most questions have 3 answers of which more than one may be correct Each question is made up of a lt question gt and two or three lt answer gt sections Each question record has the following information e id the number of the question either 1 2 or 3 e the question which may either be in English or the target language e an image file related to the question Each answer record has the following information e the text of the answer which may either be in English or the target language e an indication if it is the correct answer or not lt correct gt 1 lt correct gt means that the answer is correct otherwise it is incorrect e a feedback section to provide some feedback information to the learner Figure 2 9 shows a sample of a multiple choice activity file It is a good idea to put the correct answer s at the start of the answers just to make it easier to remember where they are The questions and answers are displayed in random order so don t worry that the correct answer s will alw
33. on 2 section 1 will be 102g1 xml All the explanation files are in the source directory of each lesson 269 TJ hitp wrew compapp deu ia el meweot 701 hbal A0 gl a_eng himi Microsoft Intervet Explorer ahi ey A fij ee s Fa Toate Hone 1 whe HE hrpa companp dew w naadi atA Ol iilingta_eng hint Emlanakos l Vocabulary Help Lesson 1 yehyek tunal Greetings yehyek tunal Key Language yehyek tunal Good moming tis used between dawn and midday ken tinemi Hoes are you Kan means how Question words like how usually appear at the start of a sentance nemi is like the verb to be in English The person doing the action gets added to the start of the verb Inthis case ti meaning you gets acded to nemi to give us tnemi which means you ara Figure 2 3 Sample explanation page lt grammar gt lt explanation lang english gt lt item gt W6Ed Om BhEASE for HEWG lt iten gt lt text gt lt meaning gt lt english gt Hello lt english gt lt meaning gt lt full gt lt english gt lt english gt lt full gt lt text gt lt explanation gt explanations can be added as required lt grammar gt Figure 2 4 Sample XML explanation file 270 Explanation file explanation The explanation file is made up of several explanations Each explanation is contained within lt explanation gt lt explanation gt tags Each explanation has the follow
34. on has its own title You should put the title of the section in the target language here For example if this were a French learning course you might put Bonjour as the title lt title gt Bonjour lt title gt Note XML tags In xml files all tags e g lt title gt must have a closing tag e g lt title gt The closing tag is almost the same as the opening tag except that it has a leading slash Then there is the theme information This tells the learner what this section is about You can leave this unchanged Next is the text part of the file This is where the conversation of the section is written The text is made up of a content part This content part is made up of e which speaker usually person 1 lt p1 gt or person 2 lt p2 gt e who the name of the speaker lt who gt e what what the person says lt what gt e a translation in English lt english gt There is no limit to the number of conversation phrases but for now it is best to stick with the phrases provided by the system Suppose that you wanted to fill in the information for a French learning system The result would look something like this lt pl gt lt who gt Pierre lt who gt lt what gt Salut lt what gt lt english gt Hello lt english gt lt pl gt You should fill in all the highlighted areas which are actually blank in the real file You should then save the file with its original name You have now prep
35. ram to convert that information into a web page The system aims to make the creation of language learning courseware for your target language a lot easier than if you had to start from scratch You do not have to develop all the lessons at once you can work on them one lesson at a time The system is flexible for example you can initially create lessons with just the text of each lesson and then add the images and sound files as they become available The system does not assume that you are a computer expert and that you know anything about programming It does not even assume that you know how to write a web page It only assumes that you can use the keyboard and the mouse It helps to have some knowledge of moving files around the system but this is explained in the text so don t worry if you have not done this before 1 2 Who are the users The users are people who want to be able to develop CALL applications for a given language but who may not have any technical or language teaching experience The system was developed with Endangered Languages in mind but it can be used for other languages also 1 3 What this manual provides This manual provides an introduction to the CALL template and how to use it It shows you how to create your own courseware from scratch It tells you the steps to follow to edit the text files with your own language data and also how to add image and sound files to the system The steps you will usually fo
36. re stored in the tip xml file in the general directory Each tip is grouped by type subtype and group within subtype Figure 3 5 shows an extract from the language learning tips file 292 To add a language learning tip first determine what type subtype and group it belongs to you can add your own type subtype and group if required Copy an already defined tip and change the tip information accordingly lt type gt lt title gt Direct lt title gt lt showtitle gt lt english gt Direct lt english gt lt showtitle gt lt subtype gt lt title gt memory lt title gt lt group gt lt name gt mentalimage lt name gt lt showtitle gt lt english gt Creating mental images lt english gt lt showtitle gt lt info id 1 gt lt english gt Group words together based on type topic or similar grouping Example you can group together all the words to do with food lt english gt lt info gt lt group gt lt subtype gt lt type gt Figure 3 5 Sample learning tip 3 5 2 How to generate the language learning tips web page When the language learning tips file has been prepared you will be able generate the web pages To do this you should run or execute the tips file in the generate directory This will put the resulting tips file into the html directory Here are the steps to follow 5 Go to the generate directory in the general directory 6 Double click on the file called tip
37. s You can leave the English words and phrases that are not highlighted as they are if you need to explain that word or phrase in the target language However if a vocabulary item is not required for your language you can delete the entry You can also add a new item if required This will be explained further on in this section Vocabulary file names All the vocabulary files have the following naming convention 1 lesson number v section number xml For example the vocabulary file for lesson 2 section 1 will be 102v1 xml All the vocabulary files are in the source directory of each lesson 272 TI hitp wew compapp dcu ie myvared neawal L01 hbel ill vl a_ong heel Microsoft Intermet Explorer tar 2 4 F z La ection l Activity 1 Lesson 1 yehyek tunal Greetings yehyek tunal Greetings Key Words Section 1 yehyek tunal Good moming yehyek netiutak Good afternoon yehyek netayuwa Good evening Figure 2 5 Sample vocabulary page lt vocab gt lt vsection id 1 gt lt explanation gt lt text gt lt item gt Bonjour lt item gt lt meaning gt lt english gt Good day lt english gt lt meaning gt lt text gt lt explanation gt lt explanation gt lt text gt lt item gt Salut lt item gt lt meaning gt lt english gt Hello lt english gt lt meaning gt lt text gt lt explanation gt lt vsection gt lt vocab gt Figure 2 6 Sample XML vocabu
38. ter gt tag You will also have to remove the entry from the driver file for alphabet This file is in the driver directory see the Reference Manual for more details Add a letter You can add a new letter by copying the information for another letter and changing the text accordingly You will have to add an entry in the driver file for alphabet This file is in the driver directory see the Reference Manual for more details 3 2 2 How to generate the alphabet web page When the alphabet file has been prepared you will be able generate the web page To do this you should run or execute the alphabet file in the generate directory This will put the resulting alphabet file into the html directory Here are the steps to follow 4 Go to the generate directory for the alphabet directory 5 Double click on the file called alphabet bat 6 This will automatically put the alphabet web page into the html directory 3 2 3 Checking the alphabet web page You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the html directory for the alphabet 2 The alphabet file name is alphabet_eng html 3 Double click on the alphabet file 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the alphabet file again see How to prepare the alphabet page and repeat the process 3 3 Dictionary information 3 3 1 How t
39. that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the html directory for the current lesson 2 The end of lesson exercise file name is made up of the information lesson number e g 101 for lesson 01 e for exercise a number usually O for the entire lesson a for all _eng to indicate that the courseware is being taught through English html as the web page file extension 285 For example 101e0a_eng html is the end of lesson exercise page for lesson 1 3 Double click on the end of lesson exercise file that you wish to check 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the end of lesson exercise file again see How to prepare an end of lesson exercise file and repeat the process 2 9 Image information All the scanned image files are stored in the scans directory There will be 3 files for each lesson one for each section Files are stored in gif format Scanned image file names All the scanned image files have the following naming convention L lesson number a section number gif For example the scanned image file for lesson 2 section 1 will be LO2a1 gif Adding scanned image files to the system If you want to add a scanned image file to the system it must be correctly named according to the convention outlined above 2 10 Sound information All the sound files are stored in the
40. the correct sub directory in the lessions directory The file must also be correctly named How to change a language lesson You can change the contents of a lesson by adding or removing conversation elements from the section file and modifying the explanation vocabulary and activity files appropriately How to add a new lesson The process of adding a new lesson is not a trivial one and should not be attempted until you have some experience with the system It is probably easier to create a whole new course instead of just one lesson You can add a new lesson to the system by copying an already existing lesson and renaming it e g copy lesson 12 L12 and rename it to lesson 13 L13 You will then modify the contents of each file to reflect the new lesson content You will also have to modify the sidebar file in the general directory see the Reference Manual for more details How to delete a lesson Deleting a lesson is easier than adding a lesson but it should still be attempted with caution You will have to modify the sidebar file in the general directory see the Reference Manual for more details 287 Chapter 3 3 1 Introduction This chapter explains how to prepare the other elements of the courseware namely e the alphabet page e the dictionary e the culture page It also explains how to add language learning tips and discusses the issues involved in changing the format of a page 3 2 Alphabet information 3
41. tml directory for the current lesson 2 Each explanation file name is made up of the information e lesson number e g 101 for lesson 01 e g for grammar explanation e anumber either 1 2 or 3 to indicate which section or 0 to indicate the combined explanation for the lesson e a for all _eng to indicate that the courseware is being taught through English html as the web page file extension For example 101g2a_eng html is the explanation page for section 2 of lesson 1 3 Double click on the explanation file that you wish to check 4 You should be able to see the web page with your target language information If there is something that you want to change you can simply edit the explanation file again see How to prepare an explanation file and repeat the process 2 5 Vocabulary information 2 5 1 How to prepare a vocabulary page This section tells you how to prepare a vocabulary file All the vocabulary files have the same structure so once you know how to prepare one you ll be able to prepare any number of them Figure 2 5 shows a sample vocabulary page Figure 2 6 shows an example of an XML vocabulary file The lines that you have to fill in are highlighted in grey English words and phrases have been used in the highlighted parts but you will replace them with the words and phrases in the target language In the blank source file that you will be working with there are blank spaces instead of highlighted grey part
42. tories will be explained in turn You can go to a particular section at any stage during the development of the courseware you do not have to follow the manual in a particular order although it might be easier to do so the first time you use the system 264 Chapter 2 Creating lessons The first thing you will need to do is to install the CALL template in a new directory on your own computer The next section explains how to do this 2 1 How to install a blank language learning course 1 Open the CD and find the lang directory 2 Open the lang directory and copy the lang_eng directory to a directory on your own machine 3 Rename lang_eng to the name of the target language e g irish You have now installed a blank language learning template You will now be able to prepare the courseware for your target language The instructions for preparing the language lessons and the other parts of the system e g the alphabet are described in the following pages Feel free to go the part that you are most interested in 2 2 How to create a language lesson A lesson directory is made up of 4 directories e source e html e generate e driver The source directory is where all the files with the text of the lessons are stored The generated html files are in the html directory The generate directory contains the programs to convert the source files into html files The driver directory contains internal files that are used by the system W
43. ve to type in the correct answer As learners generally find writing more difficult than just selecting from a list of multiple answers or matching pairs an audio file with a correct answer is generally provided to the learner There may be more than one correct answer End of lesson exercise files are similar to multiple choice activity files They have questions with a list of possible correct answers Most questions usually have an image file and an audio file associated with them End of lesson exercise file names All the end of lesson exercise files have the following naming convention 1 lesson number e 1 xml For example the end of lesson exercise file for lesson 2 will be 102e xml The end of lesson exercise files is in the source directory of each lesson T Overall Exercise Microsoft Internet Explorer Bia Edt View Factos Took Hab a mw 3 2 3 v Sligo Raih Hane Sawch Famila Heoy Ma Pim Edt Type your enswar then press Chack If you nead help you can cick on the Hint bution to get afres lattar Overall Exercise Match the pairs What would your response be to yehyek tunal A 2 What would your response be to ken tineri Probar Pista Figure 2 12 Sample end of lesson exercise page 283 lt questions gt lt question record id 0 gt lt question gt lt english gt What would your response be to amp quot yehyek tunal quot lt english gt lt sound gt L01al102
44. words and phrases suggested in the vocabulary files are just suggestions You can delete an item if it is not relevant to your language To do this you must delete the entry from the vocabulary file You must take care to delete from the starting tag lt explanation gt up to and including the end tag lt explanation gt Save the file You should then save the explanation file once you have made all the changes It should be saved with its original name 2 5 2 How to generate a vocabulary web page Now that the vocabulary file has been prepared you will want to generate the web page To do this you should run or execute the vocab and vocabAll files in the generate directory This will put the resulting vocabulary file s into the html directory Here are the steps to follow 1 Go to the generate directory for the current lesson Double click on the file called vocab bat 3 This will automatically put the individual vocabulary web pages into the html directory 4 Double click on the file called vocabAll bat 5 This will automatically put the combined vocabulary page into the html directory 274 2 5 3 Checking a vocabulary web page You can check that the web page has successfully been generated as follows 1 Go to the html directory for the current lesson 2 Each explanation file name is made up of the information e lesson number e g 101 for lesson 01 e v for vocabulary e anumber either 1 2 or 3 to indicate w
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