FMCW Radar User Manual and Installation Guide
Contents
1. nos PD300 FMCW Radar User Manual and Installation Guide K Band FMCW Ranging Radar Built Type PD300 DFT PD300 OFD Rev 1 0 August 2011 le a ni ger D D D D LR K H KL Li PD300 in Weatherproof Enclosure PD300 Open Frame Version PD300 DFT PD300 OFD Houston Radar LLC 13814 Sherburn Manor Dr Cypress TX Http www Houston Radar com Email sales Houston Radar com Contact 1 888 602 3111 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment Any modification or use other than specified in this manual will strictly void the certification to operate the device This device carries FCC modular approval and as such is labeled with FCC ID TIAPD300 If this label is not visible when the module is installed inside another device then the outside of the device into which the module is installed must also display a label referring to the enclosed PD300 module This exterior label can use wording such as the following Contains Transmitter Module FCC ID TIAPD300 or2. na Genoa Age sath Ee ah t ee etre Select the Active Low checkbox if you want the output to go low on trigger deselect to invert the logic Mx 20x E N 120 dori Ck ter Comoaneareian z Time constant of automatic background clutter adjustment After connecting to the radar click on Stationary targets will fade into the background and the PD300 Setup tab The GUI will a a ee read the current radar configuration and allow you to edit and save it EES Minutes 0 Seconds Set Background Clutter Now Initialize Clutter Click on Save Click button to force instantaneous reset of background Changes to save the clutter level Level will then automatically track settings to the PD300 clutter changes per above time constant 1 Connected Via Serial on COM20 Ok Cancel 2 Connected Via Disconnected Packet Rate ms STEP 2 Initialize clutter to correct startup value The PD300 continuously adjusts clutter to changes in the background with the time constant specified above However to facilitate immediate view of real time targets and lane setup it s advantageous to set the initial clutter level to eliminate fixed targets when no real targets are present in the radar s view To do this ensure radar is securely mounted in desired position wait for the field in front of the radar to clear of any real targets vehicles you wish to detect and then click on the Initialize Clutter button
3. Chart Recorder Width This road has three lanes seein ela mmm 1 amp 2 lanes are already placed gray bars Now place third lane stop boundary avoiding the background clutter beyond it Background clutter due to step curb 104 You may place up to 6 lanes with any beyond 3 lane Easily avoided by Se start stop boundaries in this manner defining 3 lane to stop before 88 clutter is reached Gaps are allowed between lanes not shown 80 72 Sa 48 4337 a 4 32 24 ujejejujis wl or orz 1 Connected Via Disconnected Ok Cancel 2 Connected Via Disconnected Packet Rate ms Example of placing three lanes 3 Jane has clutter beyond it due to a curb reflecting back Real time range plot easily allows user to place 3 Jane boundary thin red line visually based on real time plot of targets PD300 SPECIFICATIONS General Operating Band Occupied Bandwidth RF Power Output Antenna Beam Pattern Max Range Range Resolution Polarization Supply Voltage Reverse Battery Power Consumption Nominal Current 12V Operating Temp Weatherproof IR Remote Programmable Approvals Approvals Data Interfaces Serial Communication Data Rate Data amp Pwr Connector Mechanical Weight Dimensions Cable Exit Mounting K Band 24 020 GHz to 24 230 GHz SmW 45deg x 38 deg 120 feet in Highway mode 80 feet in Intersection Mode 0 375 inch in Highway Mode 0 25 inch in Int
4. Examples are vehicle sides front and rear ends Flat metal surfaces at angles other then 90 degrees tend to reflect the radar signal away mirror effect and reduce the target strength Metal surfaces joined at 90 degree angle e g pickup truck bed create perfect reflector and result in a very strong return signal The radar beam diverges with distance thus the detection zone is considerably wider at the farthest end of the radar detection zone This can be used to a great advantage if you need to widen the detection area In this case move the radar away from the target location This may involve for example mounting the radar on the opposite side of the road or increasing setback and or height This kind of a setup is often used in a loop replacement intersection application Also note that the radar beam is wider in one direction and the operation of the radar is not affect by the mounting orientation This may also be used to either widen or narrow the detection zone Page 11 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR For a wider horizontal detection zone mount the radar with the wider beam in the horizontal direction This is achieved when the radar is mounted such that the connector or the cable exit is either on top or bottom side of the radar For a narrower horizontal detection zone mount the radar with the narrower beam in the horizontal direction This is achieved when the radar is mounted such that th
5. LLC HOUSTON TX USA Page 27 of 29 Appendix C Keeping Time With an External Clock Backup Battery The In Radar traffic statistics option generates time stamped historical records that are saved in the on board FLASH memory Hence the PD300 radar needs to keep calendar date and time once it is set from a device typically a PC running our configuration or stats analyzer software If the PD300 is used in a configuration that may disrupt power an external clock backup battery must be connected as suggested below Note Alternatively the clock may be manually reset from an external controller to the correct time once power is restored Step 1 Set the Enable Low Power Sleep mode bit in the MD variable this is factory default so no operation is required if you have not changed it The radar will now enter low power sleep mode where it will maintain the clock once the external VCC supply voltage enters the sleep region as shown in the provided diagram The radar will resume normal operation once the input VCC voltage returns to the Run region Step 2 Setup an arrangement to switch in a 4 5V to 6 8V clock backup battery into the VCC line once main power is removed This may be done two ways Method 1 Wire OR the backup source and the main VCC through two low drop diodes as shown on the next page Diode voltage drop must be taken into account when determining backup voltage For example if the diode voltage drop is
6. Ranging Radar PD300 This state of the art 24GHz K band microwave frequency modulated continuous wave FMCW radar is specifically designed for the license free battery and solar operated presence detection market Unlike regular Doppler radars FMCW radars are capable of measuring range and detecting stationary targets Typical applications include ground loop replacement multi lane traffic counters mid block detectors vehicle actuated signals and intrusion detectors Utilizing high performance ultra low power DSP Digital Signal Processing technology and microwave components based on a planar patch array antenna with integrated low power PHEMT oscillator you will find that this high quality product meets your exacting standards for performance and reliability Some of the highlights of this product include gt Words smallest and lowest power usage ranging FMCW radar At 0 18 Watts it requires 10X to 20X less power than competing products Up to 120ft 37m detection range Simultaneously detects and tracks up to six individual targets 6 user configurable lanes allow assignment of targets to specific lanes Unmatched range resolution down to 0 25 inch 0 63cm Highway and intersection optimized modes allow wide variety of applications Six hardware trigger outputs can be mapped to any combination of lanes VV VV VV WV Companion Windows application provides intuitive GUI to set all configuration parameters and display real
7. horizontal This orientation is typically used in the Highway mode where you are measuring per lane count and occupancy while the radar is mounted at the side of the road and fires across the lanes at 90 angle side firing configuration The unit may be rotated 90 degrees if you desire maximum width coverage This would be the preferred orientation for example in Intersection Mode application where you may be trying to get as much width coverage as possible Application Optimized Operating Modes The PD300 features two different operating modes that should be selected by the user depending on their intended application Highway and Intersection Highway mode is used for occupancy measurements vehicle detection and counting at typical city and highway traffic speeds It can easily distinguish between closely following individual vehicles in the different lanes Intersection mode is used for presence detection of stopped or slow moving vehicles It is optimized to continuously track such targets with minimal signal dropouts and also features reduced setback requirement Page 6 of 29 For optimal performance v Radar should be mounted as suggested in the section titled Mounting earlier v Radar should be pointed across the direction of traffic side firing so that the side of the vehicle is visible to the radar This returns the strongest signal from the target v Radar should be
8. not suffer from autoranging during measurements Otherwise you will get current readings that fluctuate from 8 mA to 22 mA Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR Note when the under voltage lockout UVL feature is activated the operating voltage range is reduced to 8 5V 18V and dropping the input voltage to 4 5V 6 5V will put the radar into a sleep mode where it will update the internal clock UVL mode is the default from the factory but may be disabled by a bit in MD variable see later section Your power supply to the radar must be capable of supplying up to 40mA of current for up to 5 seconds at a time startup current is higher as the radar is initializing its internal systems Serial Connection The PD300 features an RS232 interface that is used to output presence detection information access statistics data available in the future with a firmware update and configure the unit as explained later in this document The RS232 interface is factory set to default to cable detect mode and will power the interface chip down to save power if the radar RS232 RX receive line is not connected Cable detect mode may be disabled and the interface may be forced ON via a bit in the MD variable Note 1 All settings are written to FLASH memory and are non volatile DO NOT update settings on a periodic basis e g every second or every minute Only change settings when the user needs i
9. time delay between these signals and thus is proportional to range In case of a moving target we also take into account Doppler shift of the return signal PD300 uses a double linear ramp modulation first increasing and then decreasing the frequency of the signal Additional information derived from both ramps allows the radar to measure both the range to target and target velocity The PD300 utilizes advanced target tracking technique based on a proprietary algorithm that allows it to detect measure and track multiple targets simultaneously It also features advanced application filters pre configured to optimize performance for a variety of applications The PD300 radar may be deployed as a complete product without any further requirements for signal processing For a more detailed theoretical description of the principles of FMCW radar operation please see this article on the Internet Radar Detection Zone The radar detection zone has a conical shape and is defined by its beam width of 38x45 degrees Note that the beam does not cutoff sharply outside this angle but rather taper off in a smooth fashion Thus weak targets near the angular boundaries may be missed while strong targets outside may still get detected The strength of the target is determined by its radar cross section and depends on the target material area shape and angle Large metallic shapes positioned at 90 degrees to the incident radar beam make the best targets
10. 0 6V the backup supply voltage must be between 5 1 and 7 4 volt We recommend a low drop lt 0 3V low leakage diode particularly for the clock battery when using a lithium battery that cannot tolerate any significant reverse charging current Method 2 If the main supply will not be removed but rather switched off install a Zener diode across the power switch such that the radar continues to receive between 4 5 and 6 8VDC when the power is turned off via the switch with the rest dropped by the zenner The power consumed by the radar in low power sleep mode is as follows Installed Configuration Micro Amps Sleep Mode Sleep Mode Consumed in sleep Enter Voltage Exit Voltage Stand Alone PD300 Radar 165 uA 15 WA 7V nominal 8V nominal 6 5V min 8 7V max Note 1 Connecting a RS232 cable to the radar or forcing the RS232 interface to ON does not affect the sleep power usage Note 2 The radar power usage is approximately constant regardless of the input supply voltage in the sleep region This is different when the radar is in the operational region where is behaves as a constant power device current goes down with increasing voltage Houston Radar PD300 User Manual G HOUSTON Method 1 to provide clock backup power Wired OR with two supplies Low Drop voltage diodes to Wire OR the batteries D2 Main Battery 8 6V to 18 V Clock Backup Battery 4 7V to 6 7V assuming 0 2v di
11. 5 to 3 7mm 0 137 to 0 146 thick a Alternatively a thin window of any plastic material may be used The maximum thickness in this case should be no more than 1 mm 40 mils b Standard 0 25 thick Lexan should be avoided as it has particularly high reflection coefficient due to this specific thickness 6 Other plastic materials may be used as a front window but the optimum thickness will wary with the material s dielectric constant Please contact us for details Alternatively you may consider weatherproof potted version PD300 DFT that is available from Houston Radar that may be mounted directly outside Hookup Power Input The PD300 radar features wide operating input voltage range of 5 5V 18V In a typical application it may be powered from a nominal 12V DC source and will feature best in class operational power consumption of 15mA average There is no other FMCW ranging radar in the world that even comes close to this ultra low power usage Competing products may consume up to 20 times more power This ultra low operational power translates directly into a longer battery life or gives you an option to power the unit from smaller batteries and smaller solar panels Note The radar employs aggressive power saving measures that include turning off parts of the circuit that are not being used at any instant To get a true measure of the power usage of the circuit use a multi meter that has an averaging function and does
12. Contains FCC ID TIAPD300 Any similar wording that expresses the same meaning may be used Page 2 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual G HOUSTON Warning PD300 OFD radar is supplied in an open frame format with exposed antenna and electronics and thus is a static sensitive device Please use static precautions when handling Warranty does not cover damage caused by inadequate ESD procedures and practices Note Specifications may change without notice Note Not liable for typographical errors or omissions Page 3 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR Table Of Contents INTRODUCTION BE 5 INSTALLATION ssccesicccccesicccccsssccoscssscocsccsscoasccsssosscassossscacsocsscassesssccesesssesssesssssescesseaseess 6 MOUNTING onramen naa i e e E ENEE ENEE ed 6 APPLICATION OPTIMIZED OPERATING MODES cseccseccescceccccccscccccncccuseesceseeucs 6 RECOMMENDED ENCLOSURE FOR THE PD300 OFD 0 c cece ceecccceeccceeccceeeccceceeeeeceseesees 8 THO OKUR 32555 A A dade EEE A TEE EE TET EE E AE TE E EE E E E E E 8 Power EENEG amp Serial EE 9 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION cccccccssscccscccuscccusscccuecesusececuccesssccseueceuseeceuecsuuecesueeceusess 11 RADAR DETECTION ZONE 11 RADAR RESOLUTIONS ec cccsbcattuteicedees savchans e HE e ege get bead wcusncadeoeebve ands ucaleuebecebece sees 12 INITIAL ONE TIME SETUP cccsccccsssscccccssssccccsscsscccsscsccsecccsccscsscsscsscs
13. a screen snapshot below 10 Lane configuration is done via PD300 Plot tab See a screen snapshot below 11 To configure any advanced options click on Advanced gt Radar Configuration In the window that comes up enter the two letter variable name in the Variable field Enter its value in the Value field and click on Set Variable button Get EE Ge Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON PD300 Basic Application Setup STEP 1 Select Application Mode and back clutter adjustment time constant See the section on Clutter earlier for a detailed explanation on this setting Connect to Radar 8 loj x Advanced Radar Limits Connection PNL10 Display Config Tool PD300 PD300 Piq m Operating Mode Highway Sidefiring Use this mode for free flowing traffic at city or highway speeds Radar must be mounted to look across the road Lanes must be configured during initial setup Access the lane setup dialog by selecting the PD300 Plot tab and right clicking on the graph Int ti Use this mode for stopped traffic detection or very slow traffic for example at intersections to Trigger Output Mapping Lane Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 and stop signs ger Output 1 M vw IV lv iv IV Active Low Detection Sensitivity of Nominal Trigger Outpt 2 M IVT M iV M MV Active Low Check above that you want to activate trigger output
14. an output device that is rated to draw no more than 150mA at your supply voltage Vhead This device can be powered up to 28VDC For example this can be a 12 or 24VDC relay coil rated at more than 150 mA coil current or 2 Connect an external resistor in series with the output load and the O P1 or O P2 pins The value of this external resistor should be calculated as follows ohms law R in K Ohms Vhead Vload drop 150 Load Load Load rated to draw Load Method 2 Method 1 max of 150mA at SS Vhead max pi Gate From Radar Radar CPU Page 25 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual G FOUSTON Appendix B Optional Breakout IO Board Connections Non Isolated Mosfet version with PWM Brightness Control May be used with PD300 or SS300 radars TO PC COM RS232 PORT SPEED SWITCH 1 FULL AUTO AMBIENT j ce LIGHT SENSE 2 LDR Available S as option 2 TO S8300 RADAR Ss cy ea aa 9y m iiL VCC G E 9 5 TO NM 4Dppy oysr 16VDC i 7 Ki 4 oa FOR RAD amp LOAD HIGH POWER LOAD TRIGGER OUTPUT 2 TRIGGER OUTPUT 1 GA DCGYOG MAX 135mA DC VCC MAX 135mA DC VCC max FUSE FOR HIGH POWER LOAD NOTES 1 Switch can be enabled in software to change the effective low speed cutoff below which radar will not pickup targets See MO amp SI variables in user manual for more information 2 Automatic brightness adjustment of LED loads can be enabled via PWM of the load outpu
15. ated at different linear distances from the radar Since the radar tracks individual targets all these are merged together into a single reading for that target As the vehicle is traveling across the radar detection zone these combined calculations will result in a range reading that will vary materially more than the specified resolution of the radar That said the range resolution enhancement algorithm is able to achieve significantly better effective range measurement as compared to competing products in many cases as much as 5 to 10x better performance Initial One Time Setup You should initially configure the radar for your intended application at the installation site to ensure proper operation To configure the radar you must provide DC power within the specified requirements connect the radar s RS232 interface to a MS Windows PC RS232 COM port or a USB to serial adapter and install Houston Radar Configuration tool or Houston Radar Stats Analyzer Note only newer versions support PD300 Please contact Houston Radar for the latest version if a disk was not shipped with your radar or you have misplaced it GGUGUU Green LED flashes when radar is running giving a visual indication of the system status In the PD300 OFD version green LED may be installed on the front or the back depending on the requested build option Page 13 of 29 User Selected Operating Modes The PD300 features two different operati
16. cssseseeees 13 USER SELECTED OPERATING MODES ccccccssecccecccusecccuscccusccceueceeuscccuscsseuecesueecensess 14 Highway mode side firing ET 14 Intersection mode side or front firing ssissssceacaisiassesantasioadsieiacsiveassendaserieedsbasboasicens 14 Highway mode front firing only essssssseeesesssssssseessesssssssesereesssssssseeereessssssssereees 14 USER CONFIGURED DETECTION LAN 14 BACKGROUND CLUTTER COMPENSATION 15 Choosing a CTC TE 16 BEE E LOCK EE 17 USING THE SUPPLIED WINDOWS PROGRAM TO CONFIGURE THE RADAR cseeeeeeeeees 17 PD300 Basic Application Setup eesssssseeeeeeeesesesseeeeeerssssssserresssssssssereeesssssseerrees 18 PD30 0 Lane Setup resorin E ERENER 19 PD300 SPECIFICATIONS sssccssccccscsscscsscdssascscsescbesceescnsecsaccpbaccascesaccaccdencccssossccossnssecee 24 EIERE Ebbe eebe E EAE ee 24 APPROVALS EE 24 DATA INTERFACES EE 24 MECHANICA EE 24 APPENDIX A HOOKING UP TO THE TRIGGER OUTPUTS ON THE RADAR SuasbesocsedsdesensstusvecessoecessstesdoacsedeuececcteuscesSdesecestgacosescdeceuscdcecoecodeceencdenvesedsdesesondesesascbbavesesss 25 APPENDIX B OPTIONAL BREAKOUT IO BOARD CONNECTIONS 26 OPTIONAL BREAKOUT IO BOARD CONNECTIONS cccsssscccssssssccccsscceees 27 APPENDIX C KEEPING TIME WITH AN EXTERNAL CLOCK BACKUP BATTERY EN 28 Page 4 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR INTRODUCTION Congratulations on your purchase of the Houston Radar
17. ct for mounting height This is usually not a problem as the supplied configuration program displays all targets in real time regardless of lane setup and the user simply draws the lane boundaries around the displayed targets No manual calculations are required Once lanes are configured you may map one or more of them to a hardware output When the radar detects a target presence within a configured lane s it will assert the associated hardware output If you have a controller board connected to the serial port of the radar you may also obtain lane by lane target information on a real time basis Background Clutter Compensation Since the radar can detect stationary targets things like fences road curbs lane separators traffic signs and other unwanted targets need to be processed and eliminated from the output In order to do so the radar maintains a clutter map where it stores all these unwanted targets The clutter map is subtracted from the signal leaving only true targets to report The radar continuously adjusts the clutter map to account for changing conditions The rate of the adjustment is called clutter time constant CTC CTC specifies how long does it take for an average target to fade away into the background become part of the clutter map and no longer reported as a true target CTC is a user programmable value and can be set from 1 second to 28 minutes For a fast moving traffic CTC may be set to a lower value whereas
18. e connector or cable exist is either on the left or right side of the radar Important things to remember about radar detection zone 1 The radar beam angle The radar beam does not end abruptly at the listed angle of 38x45 degrees Per convention the specified angles are half power angles where the energy in the beam falls off to half the value from the center of the beam Thus it is possible for the radar to detect further out from simply a trigonometric calculation based on the beam angle 2 The radar cross section of the target Every target has different radar energy reflective characteristics This is called the radar cross section and is a measure of how much radar energy the target returns back to the radar This is one of the most important factors in reliable detection Simple rules of thumb are a Vehicle sides have larger cross section than the vehicle front b Vehicle rear typically have larger cross section than vehicle front c Larger target area has larger cross section than smaller targets d Metal targets have larger cross section than non metallic targets like humans animals plastics etc Surfaces joined at a 90 degree angle create perfect reflector f Perfectly flat metal surface at an angle other then 90 degrees may reflect the radar beam away 3 Unlike a Doppler radar there is a fixed internal design limit to the maximum range the radar may detect and measure This is specified in the datasheet and i
19. ersection Mode Linear 5 5V DC to 18V DC Protected 0 18 Watts 15mA typ average 22 F to 185 F 30 C to 85 C Electronics designed and tested to 40C Yes PD300 DFT build option Open frame also available No FCC TIAPD300 CE Mark RS232 Baud Rates from 1200 to 230400 baud PD300 OFD Molex C Grid SL male shrouded 12 pin RA part 70553 0011 PD300 DFT Molex C Grid SL female 12 pin mate to above approx 33 grams 1 16 oz 2 1 x1 75 x0 6 LxWxD 52 x 46 x 16mm PD300 OFD Side via right angle connector PD300 DFT Encapsulated cable from back Four 2 56 standoff s embedded on module Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR Appendix A Hooking up to the trigger outputs on the radar The PD300 radar features two open drain outputs The device used for this purpose is the On Semiconductor relay driver NUD3124 The output configuration of this device is shown below from the On Semi datasheet The two outputs O P1 and O P2 are brought out on the radar connector pins see IO connector pin out in manual for connector pin numbers This device can sink 150mA of DC current at up to 28VDC However these are low impedance outputs which means that you must externally limit the maximum current that will flow into these outputs to 150mA at the worst case head voltage They may be parallel together to increase this value to 300mA There are two ways to ensure this 1 Connect
20. et Rate ms 6 355453 Page 21 of 29 PD300 Live Lane Setup Step By Step Example it connect to Radar E Advanced Rader Limits Connection PNL10 Display Config Tool PD200 D300 Piot PD300 Setup Chan Recorder Width 10 0 seconds PD300 Real Time Range Chart Recorder PD 300 Targets __ Right click on chart background to access lane setup context menu Then select either Define new Lane if no lanes present or Edit Lane s if lanes are already defined and you need to adjust the start end positions Real targets are streaming by Setting up lanes is as easy as drawing around them on this chart 1 Connected Via Disconnected Ok Cancel 2 Connected Via Disconnected Packet Rate ms Connect to Radar ll x Advanced Radar Limits Connection PNL10 Display Config Tool PO300 PD300 Piot PD300 Setup Chat Recorder Width 100 seconds PD300 Real Time Range Chart Recorder PD 300 Targets Place first boundary by left clicking the mouse button then place second boundary Lane is now defined between these two boundaries a 8 Once stop boundary is defined lane will fill with gray SR SS SS d BBR SE 1 Connected Vis Disconnected Ok Cancel 2 Connected Via Disconnected Packet Rate ms PD300 Live Lane Setup Step By Step Example Continued ixi Advanced Radar Limits Connection PNL10 Display Config Tool PD300 PD300 Plot PD300 Setup
21. for a stopped traffic it is beneficial to be set it to a higher value Besides automatic continuous adjustment the user can issue a command to take a snapshot of the current clutter map and use it as a new basis for further adjustment Typical use case is to issue this command during setup when road is clear of the vehicles so you do not have to wait for an automatic adjustment to take place The adjustment rate is asymmetric the clutter is adjusted up slowly targets fade away slowly but is adjusted down fast This facilitates improved clutter map maintenance in situations where traffic density is high Page 15 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR Choosing a CTC value Typically you would set the CTC value to be at least 10 times longer than the maximum expected presence time of real targets Settings the CTC to too short a value may result in real targets fading into the background resulting in poor detection This area left intentionally blank Page 16 of 29 Internal Clock The radar has a built in clock calendar function This is used to keep the time to date time stamp the historical archive records saved by the Advanced In Radar traffic statistics collection feature that will be available as an option in the radar in the future g Y es The radar does not feature a clock backup battery The power must remain a kb connected to the radar for the clock to keep time Howe
22. in the screen shown above If you now click over the PD300 Plot window no new targets should be streaming from the x 0 right most side Of course you may still have older targets showing on the plot but they will scroll off eventually off the left side of the chart You should re initialize clutter if you make any changes to the radar mounting height or angle Page 18 of 29 PD300 Lane Setup STEP 3 Setup lanes per your requirement within the radar s detection zone After selecting the application Highway or Intersection click on the PD300 Plot tab This will bring up a real time chart recorder type plot of tracked targets as shown below Connect to Radar Advanced Radar Limits Select the PD300 Plot window ae o Connection PNL10 Display Config Tool PD30 q PD300 Plot p Chart Recorder Width 10 0 seconds PD300 Real Time Range Chart Recorder PD 300 Targets L Lanes in the PD300 are shown as gray bars The start end distance is shown next to the lane name on the left inside the lane boundaries Targets are plotted in real time as red lines and scroll from the right to the left E l 1 Connected Via Serial on COM20 Ok Cancel 2 Connected Via Disconnected Packet Rate ms 6 355453 Typical Real Time Chart Recorder View of Intersection Mode 3 targets are shown and are stationary in this view h
23. mounted high enough to see over the top of the highest expected target At least 17 feet of height is recommended in case of truck traffic This requirement increases as you try to detect far lanes v Current versions of the radar firmware do not support high speed front firing modes This will be supported in the future via a firmware update Avoid installing the radar where it will see the vehicles either approaching or receding directly at from the radar at speeds exceeding 14 mph v Select the recommended operating mode via the accompanying Windows setup GUI program depending on your application Illustration of PD300 in side firing intersection Illustration of rotated PD300 in side firing mode with maximum depth of view intersection mode with maximum width of view Recommended Enclosure for the PD300 OFD The PD300 OFD radar needs to be enclosed in a weatherproof enclosure for outside use The following needs to be observed for optimal performance 1 The front face of the radar with the golden pads is the antenna and is the face that must point into traffic 2 Any cover or window in front of the unit MUST be at least 4 away from the face 3 Do NOT spray any conformal or other coating paint or other substance on the antenna 4 The optimum material to use as a front window is Lexan Polycarbonate plastic 5 The optimum thickness of the polycarbonate window is half wavelength at 24 125Ghz or about 3
24. ng modes that should be selected by the user depending on their intended application Highway and Intersection Highway mode side firing only Highway mode in a side firing application is used for occupancy measurements vehicle detection and counting at typical city and highway traffic speeds It can easily distinguish between closely following individual vehicles in the multiple lanes Traffic is expected to be moving most of the time If traffic does slow down and come to an occasional stop it is acceptable that the radar may experience brief dropouts as the vehicle moves across the detection zone The radar must be mounted so that it looks across the road and NOT directly into incoming or receding traffic Intersection mode side or front firing Intersection mode is used for presence detection of stopped or slow moving lt 14mph vehicles It is optimized to continuously track targets with minimal signal dropouts as the vehicle slowly moves through the radar detection zone or comes to a complete stop for significant amount of time This mode may be used in a side firing configuration or a front firing configuration where the vehicle directly approaches or recedes from the radar at a low speed Highway mode front firing only This mode is expected to be supported in the future via a firmware upgrade In this mode the radar may be mounted such that traffic approaches or recedes from the radar at considerable s
25. ode drop May be removed Backup battery will provide power to maintain clock Ensure it cannot be removed or disconnected Note Please use low forward voltage drop diodes to maintain efficiency Also carefully consider the reverse leakage currents if using a lithium backup battery which is very intolerant of such currents D1 could be a signal diode that has very low reverse currents D2 needs to be rated for gt 1A Method 2 to provide clock backup power main supply switched off but not removed Zener diode to drop enough voltage from main battery to supply between 4 5V and 6 5V to PD300 See Note 1 Main Battery 8 6V to 18 NV Main power ON OFF switch puts PD300 PNL10 into low power sleep mode when turned OFF Zenner still provides enough voltage and current to allow PD300 to keep time with minimal power usage May NOT be removed if time is to be maintained when switch is in OFF position Note 1 The zenner value should be X and satisfy the following two equations Eq1 fully charged battery Bmax X 6 5 to 4 5 Eq fully discharged battery Bmin X 6 5 to 4 5 Page 29 of 29
26. orizontal target lines means distance to target is not changing over time You may enable histogram to show all observed targets stacked up on the left This will provide better statistical data for lane configuration PD300 Lane Setup Continued Connect to Radar Advanced Radar Limits Connection PNL10 Display Config Tool PD300 PD300 Pict PD300 Setup Chart Recorder Ve 10 0 seconds PD300 Real Time Range Chart Recorder PD 300 Targets e Select how much history in seconds is shown on the chart Past t 10 seconds Present t 0 seconds This is what the radar saw This is what the radar is 10 seconds ago You may seeing at this instant in time change this in the box above 1 Connected Via Serial on COM20 Ok Cancel 2 Connected Via Disconnected Packet Rate ms 6 355453 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR PD300 Lane Setup Continued Connect to Radar lol xl Advanced Radar Limits Connection PNL10 Display Config Tool PD300 PD300 Piot PD300 Setup Chart Recorder Width 10 0 seconds PD300 Real Time Range Chart Recorder Real time view of hardware trigger outputs of the radar Map lane s to trigger output s Real time view of detection in Wine EDSO Serup tab user configured lanes Lane button stays green as long as a target remains in the lane 1 Connected Via Serial on COM20 Ok Cancel 2 Connected Via Disconnected Pack
27. peed and both range and speed are measured Contact us if you have a requirement for this mode User Configured Detection Lanes A lane is a user configurable range slot within the radar s detection zone When a vehicle is present within this slot the lane gets activated Lane activations are used for presence indication whereas vehicle tracking is used for counting For example if a vehicle has crossed from lane to lane it will be counted once and both lanes will get activated sequentially If a lane is mapped to a hardware trigger output the radar asserts that trigger and keeps it asserted for as long as the vehicle remains in that lane Multiple lanes can be mapped to the same hardware trigger output In this case the output will be asserted for as long as there vehicles in any of the mapped lanes Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR Target presence information in each lane is also available in real time to an attached controller via the serial port This requires the external controller to communicate with the radar via the Houston Radar Binary protocol The protocol is the same as the one used with our Doppler radars Please contact us for SDK software development kit if you wish to utilize this feature Typically you would configure one or more detection lanes during initial setup Please note that the radar measures distance along the linear line of view from the radar to the target It does not corre
28. s different in various modes of operation see later section 4 Moving targets produce Doppler shift in the reflected signal that needs to be taken into account Excessive radial speeds produce a large Doppler shift and the radar will filter such targets out On the other hand a high tangential speed is not a problem Thus at the moment Highway Mode may only be used in a side firing application where the radar looks across the carriageway and the Doppler shift produced is minimal In Intersection Mode the radar may be deployed in either side firing or front firing setup since the vehicles are moving at a slow speed or stopped and Doppler effect is within acceptable range Radar Resolution The PD300 radar features an unmatched internal range measurement resolution down to 0 25 inches 0 64cm This is achieved by utilizing a proprietary resolution enhancement algorithm However there are several factors that must be considered to achieve this resolution Page 12 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual k HOUSTON ADAR 1 Signal strength Very weak targets may not be able to achieve this resolution A target strength of at least 100 counts or 3 out of 5 RSS bars is required to achieve this resolution 2 Multiple return signals from same target A large target with complex shape such a vehicle has many contours that return the radar energy back to the radar with different signal strengths Additionally these contours are loc
29. t The FLASH memory has a limited number of write cycles and will wear out with excessive gt 10 000 number of writes On the other hand setting the variable to the same value repeatedly is OK because the radar recognizes that the variable has not changed and does not update it in FLASH Page 9 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON Wire Signal Descriptions DAR Connector Signal Direction Description Pin Name wrt Radar 1 GND PWR Radar GND battery terminal 2 N C N C Do not connect 3 Trig O P 6 Output Open Drain Output 6 See Note 1 2 4 Trig O P 5 Output Open Drain Output 5 See Note 1 2 5 Trig O P 4 Output Open Drain Output 4 See Note 1 2 6 Trig O P 3 Output Open Drain Output 3 See Note 1 2 7 Trig O P 1 Output Open Drain Output 1 See Note 1 8 Trig O P 2 Output Open Drain Output 2 See Note 1 9 RS232 TX Output RS232 Transmit Signal from radar 10 RS232 RX Input RS232 Receive Signal into radar 11 VCC PWR 5 5 to 18VDC Power Supply 12 GND PWR Radar GND battery terminal Note 1 See Appendix A for detailed description on how to hookup an external device to be triggered when radar detects presence in a user configured lane Incorrect hookup may result in the output devices being destroyed and will not be covered under warranty The PD300 features six low impedance outputs tha
30. t can trigger turn on an external display device relay to bring it out of power saving mode or indicate target presence when a vehicle is detected in combination of user defined lanes When a vehicle is detected in a user defined lane and the lane is mapped to an trigger output that pin is pulled down to GND and held low as long as a vehicle is tracked in that lane The pin is released as soon as the radar detects no further target in that lane This logic may be inverted via a bit in the IO variable See later section These are open drain AKA open collector outputs capable of sinking 150 mA each You must limit the current externally to ensure that no more than 150 mA goes into each pin when they turn on They may be connected in parallel to double the sink capacity The device providing this functionality is the ON Semi NUD3124 relay driver Please refer to the datasheet for this device on detailed operating characteristics for these trigger outputs Note 2 Trigger outputs 3 4 5 amp 6 are available in units with serial s starting with 1107xxxx and later where xxxx are don t care which are devices manufactured after July 2011 Page 10 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual E KOSTON Principle of Operation PD300 modulates the frequency of the transmit signal in a linear fashion The difference between the frequencies of the local signal and the return signal is proportional to the
31. time plots of the targets Wide input voltage range and low power consumption facilitates solar and battery operation Firmware boot loader allows for field upgrading of the firmware 100 built in self test for high confidence IO break out board available for quick evaluation Built in statistics storage memory for stand alone data gathering Full industrial temperature range Potted for high reliability VV VV WWW FCC pre approved with CE mark in progress Page 5 of 29 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON RADAR INSTALLATION Mounting PD300 OFD is supplied in an open frame format It requires a weatherproof enclosure before it may be used outdoors Alternatively it may be mounted as a component in another product that already has a weatherproof enclosure For maximum vertical angular coverage for example when simultaneously detecting close by and far away lanes with a minimal set back the PD300 OFD should be mounted such that the connector points left or right as shown in the picture on the front page This orientation utilizes the radar s wider 45 beam for the vertical direction The PD300 DFT is supplied in a weatherproof encapsulated enclosure with a pigtail connection This unit may be mounted outside without any further protection from the environment To achieve wide vertical beam angle the PD300 DFT should be mounted such that the text Houston Radar on the face of the unit is
32. ts See user manual for more information HOUSTON RADAR LLC SS300 IO CONNECTOR BOARD QUICK START DC Mosfet vertical connectors led switch version right angle DB9 switch amp LED s option is also available Isolated high power AC electronic relay option is available Connecting the load to the High power and trigger outputs You may directly connect your high power DC load amp to J5 The load is activated via fuse F1 when the output is triggered You may directly connect a lt 150mA relay coil or other low power load to the J4 amp J6 connectors The load terminals are always wired to VCC The terminals are connected to GND when a vehicle is detected and the output triggered J5 is always triggered at the same time as J6 Houston Radar PD300 User Manual HOUSTON Optional Breakout O Board Connections Isolated Solid State Relay version AC or DC capable May be used with PD300 or SS300 radars 9 5VDC TO 18VDC UP TO 600VAC 1 5A POWER SUPPLY FOR OR 60VDC 8A ISOLATED SS300 RADAR A EOR Me eelere ET LOAD SWITCHING OPTIONAL CONNECTION TO PC FOR CONFIGURATION amp FIRMWARE DOWNLOADS 2X 60VDC RE 130mA d OPEN DRAIN eng OUTPUT FROM we gt SSOBBRK Ti S300 Houston i fir 1 SHARED W TT WW ISOLATED O P ae BUT vio d k DETECTION SPEED 97 10 da i 7 2009 sa THRESHOLD SWITCH CONNECTION TO THE SS300 RADAR SS300 DOPPLER RADAR BREAK OUT AND SWITCH PANEL BOARD C 2009 HOUSTON RADAR
33. ver an external clock battery may be connected to keep time while radar goes into low power sleep mode See Appendix C for more details Set Serial Baud Rate 4 g f ke The supplied Windows configuration program can auto detect the baud rate of the e L radar serial port However if you wish to communicate with the radar from your electronics the radar serial port may be configured to different baud rates Please use the supplied configuration tool to set the baud rate of the radar s serial port Using the Supplied Windows program to configure the radar 1 Install the provided Houston Radar Advanced Stats Analyzer or Houston Radar Configuration Tool program on a Windows 2000 XP Vista or Win 7 computer 32 and 64 bit computers are supported 2 Connect the radar RS232 port to the PC s RS232 serial port If the PC does not have a serial port you may buy a USB to serial converter dongle These dongles are available from BestBuy Radioshack or many Internet stores Power up the radar Ensure the green LED on the front side or back as the case may be flashes Start the Houston Radar Stats Configuration tool program Click on Start gt Connect to Radar Click on Connect button Ensure you see a Radar found on COM message The COM number will depend on your computer configuration Click on OK Now you are ready to configure the radar 9 Use PD300 Setup tab to select and save configuration options See
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