Real Time Tracking and Health Monitoring of Soldiers
Contents
1. Figure 9 Panic Button 5 1 10 Buzzer A buzzer is used to generate sound signal when panic button is pressed to get help from another fellow soldier in panic situation Copyright to IJIRSET DOI 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407100 5571 ISSN Online 2319 8753 ISSN Print 2347 6710 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 Figure 10 Buzzer 5 1 11 Power Supply In every electronic circuit power supply is the most important part An appropriate power supply is needed for proper working of components The power supply must have capability to provide the necessary power for each component and also the protection from excess voltage supply In this project the following voltage regulators are used to provide necessary power supply e Aconstant voltage regulator LM7805 is used to supply 5V to all the peripherals except the main microcontroller which works on 3 3V The LM7805 can add with adequate heat sink to deliver output current in excess of 1A It has internal thermal overload protection and internal short circuit current limiting with output transistor safe operating area protection e A constant voltage regulator LM1117 is used to supply 3 3V for LPC2148 microcontroller It is a low dropout regulator with a dropout of 1 2V at 800mA of load current It offers current limiting and thermal protection OUTPUT INPUT V2. Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TE International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 Real Time Tracking and Health Monitoring of Soldiers using ZigBee Technology a Survey Dineshkumar Jaiswar Sanjna S Repal P G Student Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering MCT s RGIT College Andheri W Mumbai Maharashtra India Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering MCT s RGIT College Andheri W Mumbai Maharashtra India ABSTRACT Soldiers are very essential part of any nation s security system During wars and search operations soldiers get injured and many of them become lost As soldiers health is important because they are the savior of our country who protects us from enemy attacks terrorist activities and from many suspicious activities which can harm us as well as our nation too This project gives an ability to track the location and monitor health of the soldiers in real time who become lost and get injured in the battlefield It helps to minimize the time search and rescue operation efforts of army control unit This system enables to army base station to track the location and monitor health of soldiers using GPS module and wireless body area sensor networks WBASNs such as temperature sensor heart beat sensor etc
3. 2 In military operations one of the fundamental challenges is that the soldiers are not able to communicate with control room and sometimes not even with the other fellow soldiers Once a troop or a soldier become lost during fight in battlefield due to some unfavorable environment or adverse fight conditions then it becomes more difficult to search them and bring back to the army base station In addition every defence organization needs to design and develop some advance small portable and robust system to provide safety measures to their soldiers There are many problems which are faced by soldiers during wars in battlefield like 1 Sometimes soldiers want to know their location when they become lost but they are not able to do so 2 Sometimes soldiers need some help during panic situations but they are not able to ask for help 3 Sometimes soldiers are not able to get help when they get injured during war Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 JIRSET 2015 0407 100 5560 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TT International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 The system proposed by us is composed of two parts one is small n portable unit for soldiers and other is for army control unit The soldiers unit consists of an ARM 7 advanced RISC machine microprocessor GPS tracking device ZigBee transc
4. The data coming from sensors and GPS receiver is transmitted wirelessly using ZigBee module Also a soldier can ask for help from control room and can communicate with other fellow soldier present within the wireless transmission and reception range KEYWORDS ZigBee GPS Temperature sensor Heart beat sensor ARM 7 microprocessor I INTRODUCTION In today s word the science and technology is growing rapidly with new inventions innovations and with advance level of their implementations These immerging advance technologies are firmly adopted by defense services to provide some safety systems to our soldiers There are many parameters by which defense services can provide safety to the soldiers In our project we are trying to provide an embedded wireless system by which the Army base stations can monitor the heart beat count and body temperature of soldiers using wireless body area sensor networks WBASNSs such as temperature sensor heart beat sensor etc 1 Base stations can also know the location of soldiers by tacking them through Global positioning system GPS and can guide them to any safe area Also the soldier can ask for his location from army control unit in case if he feels that he is lost or to plan any new strategies against enemies In this project all the processes are in real time because of the use of ARM 7 microprocessor The sensed data and the tracked location of soldiers will be transmitted wirelessly using ZigBee module
5. This data 1s received wirelessly using Zigbee from the Soldier s side Data consists of location Body Temperature and Heart rate information which will be continuously logged for the analysis and tracking Visual Basics will provide a platform to design a customized graphical environment for the user VII CONCLUSION From above proposed system we can conclude that we are able to transmit data which is sensed from remote soldier to army control room using ZigBee transceiver as a wireless transmission technology The system is completely integrated and can track the location of soldier at anytime from anywhere on the earth using GPS receiver This system helps to monitor health parameters of soldier using heart beat sensor to measure heart beats and temperature sensor to measure body temperature of soldier This system helps the soldier to get help from army base station and or from another fellow soldier in panic situation This system provides the location information and health parameters of soldier in real time to the army control room This system is very useful to military forces during war as it can be used in battlefield without any network restriction Thus this system provides security and safety to our soldiers Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407 100 5573 ISSN Online 2319 8753 ISSN Print 2347 6710 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certif
6. the analog output of sensors will be converted into strong electrical signal As the processing is carried out on digital data so these analog data will be converted into digital data by using ADC which is inbuilt in LPC2148 microcontroller Therefore the output of the signal conditioning circuit will directly connected to the microcontroller 5 1 1 LPC2148 Microcontroller The LPC2148 microcontrollers are based on a 32 16 bit ARM7TDMI S CPU with real time emulation and embedded trace support that combines the microcontroller with embedded high speed flash memory ranging from 32 kB to 512 kB A 128 bit wide memory interface and unique accelerator architecture enable 32 bit code execution at the maximum clock rate For critical code size applications the alternative 16 bit Thumb mode reduces code by more than 30 with minimal performance penalty Due to their tiny size and low power consumption LPC2148 are ideal for applications where miniaturization is a key requirement such as access control and point of sale A blend of serial communications interfaces ranging from a USB 2 0 Full Speed device multiple UARTs SPI SSP to I C Bus and on chip SRAM of 8 kB up to 40 kB make these devices very well suited for communication gateways and protocol converters soft modems voice recognition and low end imaging providing both large buffer size and high processing power Various 32 bit timers single or dual 10 bit ADC s 10 bit DAC PWM channels and 45 fa
7. Kalbarczyk Ravishankar K Iyer Kenneth L Watkin 1 had discussed on recent advances in growing technology and on various wearable portable light weighted and small sized sensors that have been developed for monitoring of the human physiological parameters The Body Sensor Network BSN consists of many biomedical and physiological sensors such as blood pressure sensor electrocardiogram ECG sensor electro dermal activity EDA sensor which can be placed on human body for health monitoring in real time In this paper we describe an idea to develop a system for real time health monitoring of soldiers consisting of interconnected BSNs We describe the basic prototype of the system and present a blast source localization application In this paper we have completed only an initial design of individual sensor nodes and developed a basic prototype of the system to collect the sensed data In future we will try to develop an integrated data management system and a web portal which will enable users to have easy access of data P S Kurhe S S Agrawal 4 had introduced a system that gives ability to track the soldiers at any moment Additionally the soldiers will be able to communicate with control room using GPS coordinate information in their distress The location tracking has great importance since World War II when military forces realized its usefulness for navigation positioning targeting and fleet management This system is reliable ener
8. LPC2148 is embedded with ARM7TDMI S microprocessor The TDMI S stands for 16 bit Thumb JTAG Debug fast Multiplier enhanced ICE Synthesizable core Where T supports both ARM 32 bit and Thumb 16 bit instruction sets D Contains Joint Test Action Group JTAG Debug extensions M Enhanced 32x8 Multiplier block I Embedded In Circuit Emulator ICE macro cell S Synthesizable i e distributed as Register Transfer Level RTL rather than a hardened layout The ARM7TDMI S is a general purpose 32 bit microprocessor which offers high performance and very low power consumption 15 The ARM architecture 1s based on Reduced Instruction Set Computer RISC principles and the instruction set and related decode mechanism are much simpler than those of micro programmed Complex Instruction Set Computers CISC This simplicity results in a high instruction throughput and impressive real time interrupt response from a small and cost effective processor core Pipeline techniques are employed so that all parts of the processing and memory systems can operate continuously Typically while one instruction is being executed its successor is being decoded and a third instruction is being fetched from memory The ARM7TDML S processor also employs a unique architectural strategy known as THUMB which makes it ideally suited to high volume applications with memory restrictions or applications where code density is an issue The key idea behind THUMB 1s that
9. capability to transmit the sensed data over a long distance wirelessly using ZigBee mesh technology As the GSM technology is not useful according to security aspects we will use ZigBee transceiver module for wireless data transmission and reception A ZigBee module is a high level communication device use to create wireless personal area networks WPANS which is built from small and low power digital radios and requires very low power to operate ZigBee devices can transmit data over long distances by passing data through a mesh network of intermediate ZigBee devices to reach up to more distant ones As ZigBee networks are secured by 128 bit symmetric encryption key so the hacking of ZigBee modules is not possible for enemies and hackers as in GSM modules 12 13 14 In some of projects keypads have been provided to input some numerical data by soldiers which are not so useful and make the system large in size To overcome this part we will use a panic button by which a soldier can request for help from control room or from another fellow soldier within the wireless transmission and reception range IV PROPOSED SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE The Architecture of our proposed system is composed of two parts 4 1 Soldier s Unit This unit consists of body area sensor networks such as temperature sensor and heart beat sensor These sensors are used to sense the health parameters of soldiers Temperature sensor will sense the body temperature of soldie
10. JIRSET 2015 0407 100 5561 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 cr International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 GPS module can be used to log the longitude and the latitude by which directions and location can be traceable easily RF module can be used for high speed short range data transmission for wireless communications between soldier to soldier that will help to provide soldiers health status and location data to control room So by using these devices and modules we are trying to implement the basic health observing system for soldier in low cost with high efficiency and high reliability The GPS module tracks the position of soldiers anywhere on the globe and the bio sensors monitor the vital health parameters of soldiers that provide safety and security to soldiers By the use of ARM processor and low power hardware peripherals overall power consumption of system will get reduced And due to use of small sized modules the system will be lightweight and can be carried out anywhere Prof Pravin Wararkar Sawan Mahajan Ashu Mahajan Arijit Banerjee Anchal Madankar Ashish Sontakke 6 had proposed an idea of tracking the position of soldier as well as to give the health status of the soldier which enables the army base station to plan the strategies according to current situation during war Us
11. OLTAGE REGULATOR 3 3 5V LM 1117 LM 7805 Figure 11 C V R LM7805 and LM1117 Pin out Diagram 5 2 Software Description Software is a basic building block for the every system which designs the processing and operations Following are the software s used in designing of the proposed system For programming of ARM7 microprocessor embedded c language using Keil uVision4 software is used The new Keil uVision4 IDE has been designed to enhance developer s productivity also enabling faster and more efficient program development uVision4 introduces a flexible window management system enables us to drag and drop individual windows anywhere on the visual surface including support for Multiple Monitors The Graphical user interface GUI coding needs VB Net language Visual Basic is a legacy third generation event driven programming language and integrated development environment IDE Microsoft Microsoft intended Visual Basic to be relatively easy to learn and use Visual Basic was derived from BASIC Beginner s All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code and enables the rapid application development RAD of graphical user interface GUI applications access to databases using Data Access Objects Remote Data Objects or ActiveX Data Objects and creation of ActiveX controls and objects To display the data received by ZigBee on servers PC a PL 2303 driver for Usb to Serial adapter has installed on that PC This driver helps to access the data
12. Riaz Ahamed The Role of ZigBee Technology in Future Data Communication System Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology ISSN 1817 3195 Volume 5 No 2 February 2009 pp 129 135 13 Nisha Ashok Somani Yask Patel ZigBee A Low Power Wireless Technology for Industrial Applications International Journal of Control Theory and Computer Modeling ISSN 2249 1155 Volume 2 No 3 May 2012 DOI 10 5121 ijctem 2012 2303 pp 27 33 14 P Rohitha P Ranjeet Kumar Prof N Adinarayana Prof T Venkat Narayana Rao Wireless Networking through ZigBee Technology International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ISSN 2277 128X Volume 2 Issue 7 July 2012 pp 49 54 15 NXP Semiconductors UM10139 LPC 214X User Manual Rev 4 23 April 2012 pp 1 354 16 Texas Instruments Inc LM 35 Datasheet SNISI59E August 1999 Revised January 2015 pp 1 31 17 SIMCom Wireless Solutions Ltd SIM28M Hardware Design V1 00 January 2014 pp 1 29 18 Nordic Semiconductor nRF24L01 Single Chip 2 4GHz Transceiver Product Specification V1 0 September 2008 pp 1 78 Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407 100 5574
13. aintained with legacy registers appearing at the original addresses on the APB bus Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 JIRSET 2015 0407 100 5565 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TT International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 e Separate control of output set and clear 2 10 Bit ADC The LPC2148 contain two analog to digital converters These converters are single 10 bit successive approximation analog to digital converters While ADCO has six channels ADC1 has eight channels Therefore total number of available ADC inputs for LPC2148 is 14 Basic clocking for the A D converters is provided by the APB clock A programmable divider is included in each converter to scale this clock to the 4 5 MHz max clock needed by the successive approximation process A fully accurate conversion requires 11 of these clocks Features of ADC 10 bit successive approximation analog to digital converter i e two in LPC2148 Input multiplexing among 6 or 8 pins ADCO and ADC1 Power down mode Measurement ranges OV to Vrgr typically 3V not to exceed Vppa voltage level 10 bit conversion time gt 2 44 us Burst conversion mode for single or multiple inputs Optional conversion on transition on input pin or Timer Match signal Global Start command for both converters 5 1 2 ARM7 Microprocessor The
14. andard device The low cost allows this technology to be widely accepted in wireless control and monitoring applications The low power consumption provides longer life with smaller batteries and the mesh networking provides high reliability and larger range of data transmission ZigBee technology has been developed to fulfill the need of advanced wireless networking between various low power devices sensors and modules 12 13 14 In our system ZigBee module nRF24L01 of Nordic Semiconductors is used The nRF24L01 is a single chip 2 4GHz transceiver with an embedded baseband protocol engine Enhanced ShockBust suitable for ultra low power wireless applications The nRF24L01 is designed for operation in the world wide ISM frequency band at 2 400 2 4835GHz To design radio system with the nRF24L01 we simply need an MCU and a few external passive components We can operate and configure the nRF24L01 through a Serial Peripheral Interface SPI The register map which is accessible through SPI contains all configuration registers in the nRF24L01 and is accessible in all operation modes of the chip The embedded baseband protocol engine Enhanced ShockBust is based on packet communication and support various modes from manual operation to advanced autonomous protocol operation Internal FIFOs ensure a smooth data flow between the radio front end and the system s MCU Enhanced ShockBust reduces system cost by handling all the high speed li
15. ations Industry Association Electronic Industries Alliance 232 F which is more popularly referred to RS 232 where RS stands for Recommended Standard Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 JIRSET 2015 0407 100 5570 ISSN Online 2319 8753 Xe IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 Geipp il I i 5 ii Ae 5 i ri ad j MAX232 Board kii Figure 7 MAX232 Board 5 1 8 Alphanumeric LCD Display Alphanumeric displays are used in a wide range of applications including palmtop computers word processors photocopiers point of sale terminals medical instruments cellular phones calculators etc The 16 x 2 intelligent alphanumeric dot matrix display is capable of displaying 224 different characters and symbols We are using this LCD to display the health parameters measured by different sensors used and location information given by GPS module Figure 8 Alphanumeric LCD Display 5 1 9 Panic Button A panic button or a switch will be providing in this system so that a soldier can request for his help in panic situation by pressing it As a soldier will press the panic button the buzzer provided in the system will sound of another fellow soldier s unit and he will able to get help of that fellow soldier which is present within the ZigBee range
16. dankar Ashish Sontakke Soldier Tracking and Health Monitoring System The International Journal of Computer Science amp Applications ISSN 2278 1080 Volume 2 No 02 April 2013 pp 81 86 7 Govindaraj A Dr S Sindhuja Banu GPS Based Soldier Tracking and Health Indication System with Environmental Analysis International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science Technology amp Engineering ISSN 2319 7463 Volume 2 Issue 12 December 2013 pp 46 52 8 Palve Pramod GPS Based Advanced Soldier Tracking With Emergency Messages amp Communication System International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies ISSN 2321 7782 Volume 2 Issue 6 June 2014 pp 25 32 9 Mr Rajdeep Limbu Prof V V Kale GPS Based Soldier Tracking and Health Monitoring System International Journal for Technological Research in Engineering ISSN 2347 4718 Volume 1 Issue 12 August 2014 pp 1485 1488 10 Rubina A Shaikh Real Time Health Monitoring System of Remote Patient Using Arm7 International Journal of Instrumentation Control and Automation ISSN 2231 1890 Volume 1 Issue 3 4 April 2012 pp 102 105 11 Ekta Madhyan Mahesh Kadam A Unique Health Care Monitoring System Using Sensors and ZigBee Technology International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ISSN 2277 128X Volume 4 Issue 6 June 2014 pp 501 509 12 Dr S S
17. e of GPS tracking device and RF transceiver module provide the wireless system to monitor the health parameters and location tracking of soldiers By using this system the army base station will come to know the position of soldier and the health parameters such as body temperature and blood pressure of soldiers The health monitoring and tracking system can be implemented by using RF module and GPS tracking system By using GPS device we will able to give proper location of soldier and also can monitor the heath parameters by temperature sensor and heart beat sensor Thus we can help the soldiers in panic condition from army control room by communicating with them during war Rubina A Shaikh 10 had investigated for the care of critically ill patients Considering in India everyday many people get affected by heart attack and many of them become more serious because they did not get proper and timely help of doctors This paper is based on monitoring the health of remote patients when they get discharged from hospital I have tried to design and develop an energy efficient and reliable health monitoring system which is able to send the parameters of patients in real time because of the use of ARM 7 microprocessor This system enables the doctors to monitor health parameters like body temperature heartbeat and ECG of patients from their clinic or hospital The health parameters of patient are measured continuously and transmitted wirelessly through Z
18. eiver heart beat sensor temperature sensor etc Where GPS device is use to track the location of the soldiers with the help of satellite communication system The heart beat sensor also called pulse rate sensor is use to sense the pulses or heart beats of human heart and temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of human body All the processed and sensed data are transmitted through a ZIGBEE module which is a low power low data rate transceiver used to transmit and receive the data wirelessly 1 2 3 In this project our main aim to improve the communication between soldiers and army control room by using advance and highly efficient powerful systems This project helps in to solve above mentioned problems as follows 1 By using GPS device it is possible to provide proper information about the location of soldiers when it is needed 2 It will become possible to help the soldiers in panic situations when it is ask by communicating with them using ZigBee technology 3 It will become easy to provide medical assistance to soldiers when they get injured Il LITERATURE REVIEW During wars and military search operations soldiers get injured and sometimes become lost To find soldiers and provide health monitoring army base stations need GPS device for locating soldiers WBASWNSs to sense health related parameters of soldiers and a wireless transceiver to transmit the data wirelessly Hock Beng Lim Di Ma Bang Wang Zbigniew
19. g 16mA SIM28M supports various location and navigation applications including autonomous GPS QZSS SBAS ranging EGNOS GAGAN MSAS and WAAS DGPS and A GPS 17 Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407 100 5568 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TT International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 Key features of SIM28M 22 tracking and 66 acquisition channels up to 210 PRN channels Small footprint 10 1 9 7 2 5 mm 18 pin LCC package 12 multi tone active interference cancellers and jamming elimination Indoor and outdoor multi path detection and compensation Max NMEA update rate up to 10 Hz Advanced software features 1 EASY self generated orbit prediction 2 EPO HotStill orbit prediction 3 Always locate advanced location awareness technology 4 Supports logger function 5 Supports Active Interference Cancellation AIC e Pulse per second PPS GPS time reference 1 Adjustable duty cycle 2 Typical accuracy 10 ns Interface UARTO UART1 Operating temperature 40 C 85 C Accuracy 2 5m CEP Circular Error Probable RoHS Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive compliant The SIM28M module provides complete signal processing from antenna input to host port in NMEA messages format It requires 2 8V 4 3V power supply The host port is conf
20. gy efficient for remote soldier health monitoring and their location tracking It is able to send the sensed and processed parameters of soldier in real time It enables to army control room to monitor health parameters of soldiers like heart beat body temperature etc using body sensor networks The parameters of soldiers are measured continuously and wirelessly transmitted using GSM In this paper it is possible to transmit the data which is sensed from remote soldier to the base station s PC by using wireless transmission device like GSM The accuracy of this system may affected by some factors such as weather environmental conditions around the soldier s unit and GPS receiver The future works in this system may include the optimization of the hardware components by choosing a suitable and more accurate GPS receiver By improving the routing algorithm can be make this system more powerful and energy efficient Upgrading this system is easy which makes it open to an advanced future Shruti Nikam Supriya Patil Prajkta Powar V S Bendre 5 had presented an idea for the safety of soldiers There are many instruments which can be used to view the health status of soldiers as well as ammunitions on them The Bio sensor which consists of various types of small physiological sensors transmission modules have great processing capabilities and can facilitates the low cost wearable solutions for health monitoring Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 I
21. icantly fewer transistors than typical complex instruction set computing CISC based processors 4 5 8 This makes them cost efficient energy efficient and less heat emitting device These reductions are desirable properties for light portable and battery powered devices such as smart phones laptops tablets notepads and other embedded systems A ZigBee transceiver is used to transmit the data coming from sensors and GPS receiver through microcontroller to the army control room wirelessly 10 11 A ZigBee is low cost low power wireless mesh network standard Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407 100 5563 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TT International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 especially designed and developed for long battery life devices in wireless controlling and monitoring applications ZigBee devices have low latency which can further reduce the average current Additionally an alphanumeric LCD display is used to display the health parameters 1 e body temperature and heart beats and location information of soldier Also a buzzer and a panic switch are provided A soldier can press the panic switch to ask for help in panic situation from army control room and from another fellow soldier within the wireless range The buzzer of other fellow soldier will sound
22. icrocontroller which is embedded with ARM 7 microprocessor to process all the received data through sensors and GPS receiver in real time A ZigBee module will be use for wireless transmitting and receiving of data The data received from GPS modem is a RS 232 level data therefore we have to use IC MAX232 which convert the RS 232 voltage level data to 5V TTL CMOS level An alphanumeric LCD display is used to display the data sensed from BSNs and coming from GPS modem To implement this hardware design we will require software like Keil uVision4 Cadsoft Eagle and VB net To write program using language embedded c in ARM 7 microprocessor for LM 35 temperature sensor IC LM358 heart beat sensor GPS modem and ZigBee module we will use Keil uVision4 software which is an Integrated Development Environment IDE for ARM microprocessors To design the circuit we will require Cadsoft Eagle i e Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor software which easy to understand and user friendly It is the latest and advance software for schematic electrical circuit designing and PCB layout This is a flexible expandable and scriptable EDA Electronic Design Automation ECAD Electronic Computer Aided design application with schematic capture editor PCB layout editor auto router and CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing and BOM Bill of Material tools developed by CadSoft Computer The graphical user interface GUI provides easy understanding of the string data
23. ied Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 REFERENCES 1 Hock Beng Lim Di Ma Bang Wang Zbigniew Kalbarczyk Ravishankar K Iyer Kenneth L Watkin A Soldier Health Monitoring System for Military Applications 2010 International Conference on Body Sensor Networks 978 0 7695 4065 8 10 26 00 2010 IEEE DOI 10 1109 BSN 2010 58 pp 246 249 2 William Walker A L Praveen Aroul Dinesh Bhatia Mobile Health Monitoring Systems 31st Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS Minneapolis Minnesota USA September 2 6 2009 978 1 4244 3296 7 09 25 00 2009 IEEE pp 5199 5202 3 M Pranav Sailesh C Vimal Kumar B Cecil B M Mangal Deep P Sivraj Smart Soldier Assistance using WSN International Conference on Embedded Systems ICES 2014 978 1 4799 5026 3 14 31 00 2014 IEEE pp 244 249 4 P S Kurhe S S Agrawal Real Time Tracking and Health Monitoring System of Remote Soldier Using ARM 7 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology ISSN 2231 5381 Volume 4 Issue 3 No 1 March 2013 pp 311 315 5 Shruti Nikam Supriya Patil Prajkta Powar V S Bendre GPS Based Soldier Tracking and Health Indication System International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering ISSN 2278 8875 Volume 2 Issue 3 March 2013 pp 1082 1088 6 Prof Pravin Wararkar Sawan Mahajan Ashu Mahajan Arijit Banerjee Anchal Ma
24. igBee transceiver In this project we will able to transmit and display the health data which is sensed from remote patients on the doctor s PC using ZigBee module as a wireless transmission device Additionally if doctor will not present in clinic or hospital then too they will able to receive SMS on their mobile phone in case of any health parameter increases beyond the normal range using GSM technology But to get the more accurate and correct ECG readings the leads of the ECG sensor should be stick properly on the body of patient fails to do so ECG readings will not be accurate HI PROBLEM STATEMENT In army search operations and wars soldiers become lost and get injured There are many developments which give ability to track the location of soldiers at any moment at any place The aim of these projects is to provide medical monitoring for soldiers in real time In these existing developments or systems Bluetooth technology radio frequency RF technology GSM technology etc have been used for wireless transmission of position information and bio sensor s data of soldiers There are many shortcomings are present in these existing systems Some of these existing systems use GSM technology to transmit data wirelessly 4 8 9 The use of GSM technology is restricted in battlefield Since GSM protocol stack can be hacked easily by any professional hacker So it becomes very easy for enemies to take out the information which wi
25. igurable to UART The host data and I O signal levels are 2 85V CMOS compatible GPS Receiver O 7 ok m o ro Le Mahi ea Atl geageote a ile aa dtoe cr gt D E ee Le UD Figure 5 GPS Module SIM28M 5 1 6 ZigBee Module NORDIC nRF24L01 ZigBee is based on an IEEE 802 15 4 standard which is a packet based radio protocol It is use to provide the communication which needs wireless applications that have low data rates and requires low power consumption ZigBee has a defined rate of 250 Kbit s which 1s best suited for intermittent data transmissions from a sensor or input device This module has worldwide 2 4GHz ISM The industrial scientific and medical radio bands bands and ultra low power operation The ZigBee standard provides wireless networking security and application support services that operate on the basis of IEEE 802 15 4 Medium Access Control MAC and Physical Layer PHY wireless standard It uses a suite of technologies which enable the self organizing self healing and scalable networks that is efficient enough to manage various data traffic patterns Copyright to JIRSET DOI 10 15680 IIRSET 2015 0407 100 5569 ISSN Online 2319 8753 ISSN Print 2347 6710 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 ZigBee is a low cost low power and wireless mesh networking st
26. ll be communicating through GSM module Therefore for nation s security purpose we have to keep our army control room s communications and information confidential private and safe from enemies and hackers And to achieve this Network Jammers CDMA GSM AND GPRS Jammers are used in the battlefields When military war held in hilly area or in mountain region or in desserts then usually GSM technology have no network access and it become useless for data transmission which is a very serious drawback of GSM technology Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407 100 5562 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TT International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 So for security safety and communication without any network interruption GSM technology is not safe enough to use in battlefield and in military search operations In many of existing systems Bluetooth devices and RF modules have been used to transmit the data wirelessly 5 6 7 But these devices and modules have certain limitations and drawbacks They are not cost efficient not energy efficient as they consume more power to operate and have very short transmission and reception range To overcome these drawbacks and shortcomings of existing health monitoring and location tracking systems we have proposed a new system which has
27. nk layer operations The radio front end uses GSFK modulation It has over configurable parameters like frequency channel output power and air data rate The nRF24L01 supports an air data rate of 250 kbps 1 Mbps and 2 Mbps The high air data rate combined with two powers saving modes make the nRF24L01 very suitable for ultra low power designs The nRF24L01 is drop in compatible with nRF24L01 and on air compatible with nRF2401A nRF2402 nRF24E1 and nRF24E2 Intermodulation and wideband blocking values in nRF24L01 are much improved in comparison to the nRF24L01 and the addition of the internal filtering to nRF24L01 has improved the margins for meeting RF regulatory standards Internal voltage regulators ensure a high Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR and a wide power supply 18 Figure 6 NORDIC nRF24L01 Plugin 5 1 7 IC MAX232 The MAX232 is a Maxim Integrated Product designed in 1987 It converts signal from RS 232 level to signal suitable for use in TTL CMOS compatible logic circuits and vice versa The MAX232 IC is a dual driver receiver that includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply TIA EIA 232 F RS 232 voltage levels from a single 5V supply Each receiver converts TIA EIA 232 F inputs to 5V TTL CMOS levels These receivers have a typical threshold of 1 3V a typical hysteresis of 0 5V and can accept 30V inputs Each driver converts 5V TTL CMOS input levels into TIA EIA 232 F levels The TIA EIA 232 F stands for Telecommunic
28. of a super reduced instruction set Essentially the ARM7TDMI S processor has two instruction sets e The standard 32 bit ARM instruction set e A 16 bit THUMB instruction set The THUMB set s 16 bit instruction length allows it to approach twice the density of standard ARM code while retaining most of the ARM s performance advantage over a traditional 16 bit processor using 16 bit registers This is possible because THUMB code operates on the same 32 bit register set as ARM code THUMB code is able to provide up to 65 of the code size of ARM and 160 of the performance of an equivalent ARM processor connected to a 16 bit memory system Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 JIRSET 2015 0407 100 5566 gt x ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TT International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 5 1 3 Temperature Sensor LM35 The LM35 series devices are precision integrated circuit temperature sensors with an output voltage linearly proportional to the Centigrade temperature The LM35 device has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from the output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling The LM35 device does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of 1 4 C at room tem
29. on PC through Usb adapter of ZigBee transceiver Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407 100 5572 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TT International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 To designing the schematic circuit diagram and PCB Layout Cadsoft EAGLE software is used This software is less complex easy to learn and helps to design circuit diagram in professional manner 5 3 Advantages of Proposed System It will provide high level safety to Soldiers life This system will be suitable for all environmental conditions Continuous data logging can provide the analysis for different soldiers It is low cost compact and less complex system which can be easily adopted by any military force Due to use of advanced technology and advanced equipments this system will fulfill all the requirements of growing technologies VI METHODOLOGY In this project our aim is to track the location of soldiers in the battle field military search operations and to provide real time health monitoring to soldiers So in order to implement this project we will use the GPS receiver to track the location of the soldiers through satellite LM 35 which is a temperature sensor senses the body temperature of the soldiers An IC LM358 will be use to sense the heart beat of the solders We will use LPC2148 m
30. perature and C over a full 55 C to 150 C temperature range Lower cost is assured by trimming and calibration at the wafer level The low output impedance linear output and precise inherent calibration of the LM35 device makes interfacing to readout or control circuitry especially easy The device is used with single power supplies or with plus and minus supplies As the LM35 device draws only 60 uA from the supply it has very low self heating of less than 0 1 C in still air The LM35 device is rated to operate over a 55 C to 150 C temperature range while the LM35C device is rated for a 40 C to 110 C range 16 Choose Ry W 50 UA Mour 1500 mv at 150 C Mour 250 m at 25 C Wout 550 mv at 55 C Figure 3 Full Range Centigrade Temperature Sensor LM35 5 1 4 Heart Beat Sensor IC LM358 Heart beat sensor is designed to give digital output of heart beat when a finger is placed on it This digital output will be interfaced to LPC2148 microcontroller directly to measure the heartbeats in Beats per Minute BPM rate It works on the principle of light modulation by blood flow through finger at each pulse The comparator IC LM358 is used in Heart Beat Sensor prototype The LM358 consists of two independent high gain internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed specifically to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages The low power dual operational amplifier
31. r and give that sensed data to microcontroller The heart beat sensor will sense the pulse rate or heart beats of soldiers in beats per minute BPM and give it to the microcontroller to process These sensed analog signals will be converted into digital signals using analog to digital converter and then compared with the normal condition signals And if any discrepancy occurs between sensed signals and defined normal signals then it will be considered as an emergency 4 10 11 There will be a GPS modem is used to trace the location of soldiers at any moment from anywhere The GPS receivers are space based satellite navigation systems that provide location and time information in all weather conditions from anywhere on or near the earth The data coming from GPS receiver will pass to microcontroller through IC MAX 232 which converts RS 232 voltage level data to TTL voltage level data and vice versa The IC MAX 232 is a dual driver receiver which converts typically Rx Tx CTS and RTS signals All the data coming from sensors and GPS modem are processed by ARM 7 microprocessor embedded in LPC 2148 microcontroller A microprocessor is a single integrated circuit IC which is a multipurpose programmable device that takes digital data as input processes it according to the instructions stored in its memory and provide results as output The ARM Advanced RISC machine processors are based on reduced instruction set computing RISC which requires signif
32. s are connected to a light detector Out of two op amps one will act as an amplifiers and another will be used as comparator for the output of light detector 4 9 10 11 The LED used needs to be super bright as the maximum light must pass spread in finger and detected by light detector Now when the heart pumps a pulse of blood through the blood vessels the finger becomes slightly more opaque and so less light reached to the detector With each heart pulse the detector signal varies This variation is converted to electrical pulse This signal is amplified and triggered through an amplifier which outputs 5V TTL CMOS level signal Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407 100 5567 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 fri International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 LIGHT LE BRIGHT LED DETECTOR Figure 4 Heart Beat Measurement Principle 5 1 5 GPS MODULE SIM28M The concept of GPS is based on time and position Far from North Pole and South Pole a GPS unit can receive signals from 6 to 12 visible satellites at once The satellites contain very stable atomic clocks that are synchronized to ground clocks and to each other also The satellite locations are monitored precisely and any drift from true time which is maintained on the ground is corrected daily The GPS satellites continuou
33. sly transmit their current time and position A GPS receiver monitors multiple satellites and solves equations using trigonometry to determine the exact position of the receiver and its deviation from true time There has to be at least four satellites in view for the GPS receiver to solve the geometric equations A GPS receiver can calculate its position many times in one second A GPS receiver calculates its speed and direction by using its change in position and change in time Generally the messages received by GPS receiver are in NMEA National Marine Electronics Association message format and the most commonly used NMEA protocol is NMEA 0183 protocol NMEA Description Direction Message Prefix GPMSS Signal to noise ratio signal strength frequency and bit rate from a radio Out beacon receiver can ut GPZDA Precise Positioning Service PPS timing message synchronized to PPS Table 1 Format of NMEA Output Messages In this project we are using SIM28M GPS receiver designed by SIMCom which is use to track the location at anytime from anywhere SIM28M is a stand alone or A GPS Assisted Global Positioning System receiver with built in low noise amplifier LNA Therefore SIM28M can relax antenna requirement and don t need for any external LNA The SIM28M can track as low as 165dBm signal even without network assistance The SIM28M has excellent low power consumption characteristics 1 e for acquisition 17mA and for trackin
34. st GPIO lines with up to nine edge or level sensitive external interrupt pins make these microcontrollers particularly suitable for industrial control and medical systems 15 The LPC2148 microcontroller has many features some of which are describe as follows 1 Fast General Purpose Parallel I O GPIO The device pins that are not connected to a specific peripheral function are controlled by the GPIO registers Pins may be dynamically configured as inputs or outputs Separate registers allow setting or clearing any number of outputs simultaneously The value of the output register may be read back as well as the current state of the port pins LPC2148 introduce accelerated GPIO functions over prior LPC2000 devices Every physical GPIO port is accessible via either the group of registers providing an enhanced feature and accelerated port access or the legacy group of registers The Accelerated GPIO functions GPIO registers are relocated to the ARM local bus so that the fastest possible I O timing can be achieved Mask registers allow treating sets of port bits as a group leaving other bits unchanged All registers are byte and half word addressable Entire port value can be written in one instruction Bit level set and clear registers allow a single instruction set or clear of any number of bits in one port Direction control of individual bits All I O default to inputs after reset Backward compatibility with other earlier devices is m
35. when panic button is pressed by the soldier in panic condition TEMP SENSOR HEART BEAT LPC2148 SENSOR ARM 7 ZIGBEE MODULE BUZZER ALARMI G P S PANIC MODULE M E BUTTON Figure 1 Block Diagram of Soldier s Unit 4 2 Control Room s Unit The army base station unit consists of a PC and a ZigBee transceiver The ZigBee module will be connected to PC with the help of PL 2303 USB to Serial driver installed in that PC The data coming from ZigBee module will be displayed on PC screen with the help of graphical user interface GUI coded using visual basic language ZIGBEE MODULE Pe Figure 2 Block Diagram of Control Room s Unit Copyright to JIRSET DOL 10 15680 IJIRSET 2015 0407 100 5564 Q ISSN Online 2319 8753 IJIRSET ISSN Print 2347 6710 TT International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 7 July 2015 V DESIGN DESCRIPTION The design description of our proposed system consists of two main sections 5 1 Hardware Description The microcontroller we are using is the heart of our proposed system It will access and analyze all the data coming from sensors and GPS receiver In our project ARM 7 microprocessor is used to process all the data in real time To measure body temperature and heart beats of soldier there will be a temperature sensor and heart beat sensor is used Using signal conditioning processes
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