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R2V User`s Manual

1. 72 3 6 DELETE POINTS COMMAND EDIT 0 72 3 7 POINT ATTRIBUTES COMMAND EDIT 4 4 4 4 73 3 8 CONTROL POINT EDITOR EDIT 2 0 41 4 1 74 3 8 1 NEW COMMAND CONTROL POINT EDITOR 80 1 2 0 0 3 0000 000000000000 74 3 8 2 MOVE COMMAND CONTROL POINT EDITOR 81 21 4 0 2 011000 5 008008 75 3 8 3 MODIFY COMMAND CONTROL POINT EDITOR SUBMENU 75 3 8 4 DELETE COMMAND CONTROL POINT EDITOR SUBMENU 2 75 3 8 5 CHECK COMMAND CONTROL POINT EDITOR 5 76 3 8 6 PICK POINT COMMAND CONTROL POINT EDITOR 80 76 3 8 7 CONTROL POINT DIALOG BOX c cccccssscecesssececesseeceseeeeceesaececnscaecesueeecseasececeeseeeesseeecsesaeeeeseeaeenees 77 3 8 8 DELETE ALL CONTROL POINTS COMMAND CONTROL POINT EDITOR SUBMENU 77 3 8 9 DELETE TFW DATA COMMAND CONTROL POINT EDITOR 580 77 3 9 CONTROL POINT STATISTICS COMMAND EDIT 212444 0000 78 3 10 GEO COORDINATE CONVERT EDIT 78 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 10 1 UTM AND
2. 5 24 Fusion command Image Menu This command is used to fuse 3 grayscale images together by using each image as a color band to create a 24 bit RGB color image Images such as multi spectral satellite imagery aerial photo images and computer generated images can be used as input to create color image fusion Before using this command each image band should be registered properly and cropped against each other to avoid any shifting or alignment problem Each color band must be stored in a separate file but they do not have to be exactly the same size After the Fusion command is started a Color Fusion Dialog box appears to allow you to enter the file names of the three color source images Red Band Image Green Band Image Blue Band Image See Figure 130 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS Color Fusion Dialog 2 Red Band Image Prowse Green Band Image Browse Blue Band Image PO Browse Cancel The order of the colors can be arranged differently to create pseudo color images Click the button to start the fusion process The resulting color image will be displayed in the current IMAGE WINDOW Use the File Save Image As command to save the image to a file 5 25 Segmentation command Image Menu This command segments a grayscale image such as a satellite image or an aerial photo and vectorizes the boundary lines of homogenous r
3. 24240 24 24000200010000000000000000000000000 8 101 4 6 7 USER COLOR FOR ENDS COMMAND OVERLAY 8 22 0 00000 101 4 6 8 LINE IDS COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU ccssssscecesseececeeseeceessececsenaececseseeceesaeeecneaeeeseneaeenens 101 TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 6 9 LINE WIDTH COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU 102 4 6 10 POINTS COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU c cccsssssceessseececenscecesaeeecsesaececseceeceeseeecseaeeesseeeeenens 102 4 6 11 POINT IDS COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU 22 2 20000000020 000000000000000000 00 000000000000 102 4 6 12 CONTROL POINTS COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU 102 4 6 13 CONTROL POINT IDS COMMAND OVERLAY 8 2 22 4 42 40404000000 000000000000 103 4 6 14 TRIANGULATION COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU 2 2 22 222 2 000000 00000000000000000000000000001 103 4 6 15 TEXT BLOCKS COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU 2 24 0 40 201000000000000000000000000000000000001 103 4 6 16 TEXT NOTES COMMAND OVERLAY 5 2 4 42 04 0 000000000000000000000000000000000000001 103 4 6 17 TEXT NOTE BOXES COMMAND OVERLAY 8 2 2 420200 0 104 4 6 18 INTERSECTION SYMBOLS COMMAND OVERLAY 8 1 102 200000000000 104 4 7 RESIZE WORKSPACE
4. 88 3 15 TEXT NOTES EDITOR EDIT 4122 89 3 15 1 ADD COMMAND TEXT NOTES EDITOR 80 404120 40022000000001000000000000000000000000002 89 3 15 2 DELETE COMMAND TEXT NOTES EDITOR SUBMENU ccsscseceessececsessececsnscececseeecsesaeeeensseeenees 90 3 15 3 MODIFY COMMAND TEXT NOTES EDITOR SUBMENU 90 3 15 4 MOVE COMMAND TEXT NOTES EDITOR SUBMENU cccsssseceeseseeceeeeeeceeseecessneeeceesaeeeesssaeenees 91 3 15 5 ROTATE COMMAND TEXT NOTES EDITOR SUBMENU 0 ccsssseceessececeenececssseecesseeeeceeaeeeeseeaeenens 91 3 15 6 SET LAYER COMMAND TEXT NOTES EDITOR SUBMENU scssssceceessececesccecessnseecsesaeeeeeeeeeeeees 91 3 16 ATTRIBUTE FILE SDL COMMAND EDIT 92 3 17 UNDO CAN T UNDO COMMAND EDIT 0 92 3 18 IMAGE EDITOR EDIT 0 11 93 CHAPTER 4 VIEW MENU 8 0200 94 4 1 TOOLBARS VIEW 9 4 1 1 VIEW BAR COMMAND TOOLBARS 65 8 96 4 1 2 TOOL BAR COMM
5. Col 142 Row 126 You must have a line data layer present in your current display Quad name field BOSTONE window to be able to use this command The line IDs will be ised Unites codefground planametric coordinates 2 as the height when creating the 3D Units code elevation coordinates 3 data Ground coordinates of 4 corners of DEM The DEM Setting dialog box appears to allow you to specify the x parameters See Figure poa If you want to change the default file name use the Browse button to Cancel specify a new file name The Cell 41 FILE MENU COMMANDS Size determines how many Rows and Columns will be used in the grid data A larger cell size will result in a smaller grid file but coarser 3D data and display A smaller cell size will result in a larger grid file size longer processing time to create and a finer 3D display Other DEM parameters can be entered The Quad name field refers to the name of the area The Units code ground planametric coordinates refers to the unit defined by USGS The Units code elevation coordinates refers to the elevation unit defined by USGS You can also specify the Ground coordinates of the 4 corners of the DEM The DEM file can be displayed in 3D using the File Open 3D File command 3D DEM data can be used for 3D visualization of your vector data and accuracy verification of the labeled IDs 2 13 4 Image Dr
6. 00000000000000000000000000000050 46 2 15 2 PRINT WINDOW COMMAND FILE 46 2 16 SCAN COMMANDS wisscissiceasssssescsscssccssosssesesaesssesse sess snos vapsvos voss vosso sets sudsanesdeoasecssossebaseesosasesssous 00s 46 2 16 1 SELECT SCANNER COMMAND FILE 46 2 16 2 SCAN IMAGE COMMAND FILE 1 104 2202022 000000000000000000000000000000000000 4 46 2 17 1 2 3 4 COMMAND FILE 47 2 18 EXIT COMMAND FILE 47 CHAPTER 3 EDIT MENU COMMANDS ccscssscssscscsceccsecesccsscsssssscsssscsssssssssecssecsnecseessocssesscsssessses 48 3 1 LAYER DEFINE COMMAND EDIT 2 0 101 49 3 2 LAYER MANIPULATE COMMAND EDIT 8 52 3 3 LINE EDITOR EDIT MENU ssssisssrssssesisrosisssosssvos ssrosvososorosssssesiorssossvosssro so issssossssss sssroroesissss os ssss 53 3 3 1 LINE TRACING COMMANDS LINE EDITOR 80 2 41 2 2 02 0000000000000000000000000000000 55 3 3 1 1 New Line Editor submenu 55 3 3 1 2 Auto Trace command Line Editor
7. m Vector File Name NOTE The control points or TFW file should be created in the From Image Coordinate to Geo Coded Coordinate System direction That is the source or From side of X Y should be in image pixel coordinates and the destination side Cancel 34 FILE MENU COMMANDS of X Y should be in the geo coded coordinate system If they are specified reversed you won t get the correct mapping between the two coordinate systems See Section 3 8 Control Point Editor Edit Menu The import vector file formats currently supported by R2V are GEN gen ARC arc MIF mif SHP shp PNT pnt SDL sdl and XYZ xyz Step 3 Once the file is imported all lines and points are actually projected to the image pixel coordinate system using the control points or TFW file provided You can now use R2V s functions to edit or process your data the same way as you normally do Step 4 When processing is done you can export your data using the File Export Vector command You should apply your control points or the TFW data if exporting the data back to a geo coded coordinate system is desired If more editing needs to be done later use the File Save Project command to save all your data layers 2 11 3 Export Vector command File Menu Use this command to save the extracted vector data to a vector data file including lines points and text
8. 440020222 0000002 0 000000080 126 5 19 REMOVE BACKGROUND COMMAND IMAGE 2 1 126 5 20 EDGE DETECTION IMAGE 127 5 20 1 SOBEL EDGE COMMAND EDGE DETECTION SUBMENU 127 5 20 2 GRADIENT MAGNITUDE COMMAND EDGE DETECTION 50 127 5 20 3 EDGE PROPAGATE COMMAND EDGE DETECTION 5 127 5 21 SET IMAGE THRESHOLD COMMAND IMAGE MEND cscssscssssssscesscscssscssecsscsessssesenes 128 5 22 CLASSIFICATION COMMAND IMAGE 128 5 23 COLORIZE COMMAND IMAGE MENU esssesessesseseosoesessossesoessesoesoesessossessossesoessesoesoesessose 129 5 24 FUSION COMMAND IMAGE sseessesessossessessesoosoeseosoesessossesoesoeseosossessossesosssesoessesessosses 130 5 25 SEGMENTATION COMMAND IMAGE cssscssssssssscsssccsssscssscessesssssssssessssscssescsess 131 5 26 CONVERSION IMAGE MENU cscssscssscssscecssscssccsscscscssscsssscsssssssessscnecsseesscsssceseessessessscsssessees 132 5 26 1 CONVERT 24 BIT RGB PALETTE CONVERSION 60 132 5 26 2 CONVERT 24 BIT RGB GRAY SCALE CONVERSION 50 132 5 26 3 CONVERT 8 BIT PALETTE 24 BIT RGB CONVERSION 8 0 132 5 26 4 CONVERT 8 BIT PALETTE GRA
9. 56 3 3 1 3 Multi Line Trace command Line Editor 57 3 3 1 4 Free Trace command Line Editor 57 3 3 1 5 New Rectangle command Line Editor 58 3 3 1 6 New Circle command Line Editor 58 3 3 2 LINE SMOOTHING COMMANDS LINE EDITOR 8 2 2 4 14 200040400000000000000000000000000 58 3 3 2 1 Line command Line Editor SUBMENU scsccecesecesesseesecssesecnsesecseescesecaeesecuceeecaeeaeeaeeaeeeeneeees 58 3 3 2 2 B Spline Line command Line Editor 59 3 3 2 3 Set Smoothing command Line Editor 59 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 3 3 NODE EDITING COMMANDS LINE EDITOR SUBMENU cccsssseceessececeeseeecseceecessneeeceeaeeeenseeeenees 60 3 3 3 1 Node command Line Editor SUBMeNU ccscccsscssesscsseeeceseesceseceesecueeesceseeseesecaseseeneeees 60 3 3 3 2 Move Node command Line Editor 60 3 3 3 3 Delete Node command Line Editor 61 3 3 4 LINE EDITING COMMANDS LINE EDITOR SUBMENU ssscccsesseeeessececsesececseseecesseeeecnesaeeeesseeeenens 61 3 3 4 1 Split Line command Line Editor submenu csccccssecssessceseseceeescesecaeesecceeeceseeseeseeaeeeeneeees 61 3 3 4 2 Jo
10. R2V FOR WINDOWS 2000 XP VISTA User s Manual QSC Able Software Corp 5 Appletree Lane Lexington MA 02420 2406 USA Phone 781 862 2804 Fax 781 862 2640 Email support ablesw com Web http www ablesw com r2v Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent commitment on the part of Able Software Corp The Software described in this document is furnished under the Software License Agreement set forth in the back of this document The Software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the License This User s Manual may not be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying and recording for any purpose other than the purchaser s personal use without the prior written permission of Able Software Corp c Copyright 1994 2008 Able Software Corp All rights reserved ASC R2V BN 070904 The following trade names are referenced throughout this manual Able Software Able Software R2V R2V R2V for Windows R2V for Windows NT and R2V for Windows 9X are trademarks owned by Able Software Corp MSDOS Windows Windows NT Microsoft Windows NT Windows 2K Windows 2000 Windows XP Windows 95 and 98 Windows XP Vista are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Pentium is a trademark of Intel Corp Arc Info ArcView are trademarks of ESRI MapInfo is a trademark of MapInfo Corp AutoCAD MapGui
11. 18 158 TOOLBARS SE a RR Ribs 18 1 6 STARTING TO USE R2V IN 30 8 19 1 6 T BASIC CONCERTS 19 13622 R2 TUTORIAL Y OME OO REARS RAR BR 21 CHAPTER 2 FILE MENU COMMAND ccsssscssssssscsssseccsssscccssssccscssssccecssseccsssececessnaccsessseccesasecessnees 24 2 1 OPEN IMAGE OR PROJECT COMMAND FILE ccsccsssscsssscssscsssscssscssscssssssssssces 26 2 11 FILE OPEN DIALOG BOX veto Sater ke 26 2 2 RELOAD IMAGE COMMAND FILE MENU ssccccssssscssssscccsssscccessscccscssscscssseccccssssecesssseeceses 28 2 3 NEW WORKSPACE COMMAND FILE 42411411 10 1 0 04 4100 44 44 40444044440 4 4 0 444004024 28 2 4 IMPORT RAW IMAGE COMMAND FILE MENU sccccssssscssssscccssssccsssscccssssccccssssccecssseseeses 28 2 5 SAVE PROJECT COMMAND FILE MENU cssssccsssssccssssscccssssccccsssecsesssscscssssccccsssesceessceeceses 30 2 6 CLOSE COMMAND FILE MENU csssscssssscccsssscssssscccssssssccsssccsscsscessssssscssssesssssssessssssseseses 30 2 7 SAVE IMAGE AS COMMAND FILE MENU sccccssssscsssssccsssscccessscccscssscscssseccccssseccecsceeceses 31 2 8 FILE SAVE AS DIALOG sotsansseesscosvscessesss 31 2 9 SAVE WORLD FILE
12. Modify Modify the text of an existing text note Move text note to a new location Rotate text note to a new angle dd odif yer Put a text note into the current layer Exit from the Text Block Editor 3 15 1 Add command Text Notes Editor submenu This command switches to the Add editing mode that allows you to add new text notes The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor during this editing session Point the cursor at the upper left corner where you want to place a text note press and hold down the left mouse button and move to the lower right corner Once you reach the correct size for the text note release the left mouse button The cursor or window focus is moved to the Note Dialog box to allow you to enter the text Click the Apply button to confirm the text note The added text note will be displayed in the IMAGE WINDOW Repeat this process to add more text notes or text labels Use the Delete option under the Text Notes Editor to delete an existing text note You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 89 EDIT MENU COMMANDS You can terminate the Text Notes Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 15 2 Delete command Text Notes Editor submenu This command switches to the Delete editi
13. image will look similar to the original black and white image but more image processing functions can be applied such as smoothing despeckle and connecting broken lines 133 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS Vector Menu Commands Vectonzation of raster images vector data post processing select control points for image and vector geo reerenang create polygon layer text and symbol detection The Vector menu offers the following commands Auto Vectorize Automatically extracts all the lines from the opened image It is fully automatic for bi level and grayscale images For 8 bit palette color images draw a selection rectangle to indicate the color features to be extracted and then choose this option Creates and runs a batch job to vectorize a list of raster images Batch Script Creates and edits a batch script to be use by the Batch Vectorize command Shows information of the extracted line data Decimal IDs Toggles the use of decimal IDs on and off Converts line and point IDs to different values Adjust Orientation Adjusts vector data orientation including flip vertically flip horizontally or rotate 90 degrees Smooth Lines Automatically generalizes lines and removes extra nodes using a specified threshold and a search angle B Spline Smooth Smoothes lines using the B Spline interpolation method p Lines Automatically connects lines using a specified threshold Snap Ends Automatically snaps line ends together using user
14. 152 Window Arrange Icons 153 Window menu 152 Workspace new 28 Workspace resize 28 world coordinate system 32 world file 34 WRL VRML format 43 X XYZ 43 Zoom In 94 98 Zoom Out 98
15. Deletes a node from an line Delete Line Deletes an existing line Delete All Lines Deletes all lines within a selected region or the entire image 53 EDIT MENU COMMANDS Snap to Node Toggles the snap to node mode on and off for the Move Node and New Line functions Snap to End Toggles the snap to end mode on and off for the Move Node and New Line functions Snap to Line Toggles the snap to line mode on and off for the Move Node and New Line functions Snap Distance Allows you to interactively set the distance for the snap function Undo previous editings Set ID Value Sets current ID value for line labeling Assign Line ID Line ID Assigns the current ID to a line the current ID to a line Highlight Line 2 ht Line 22422 highlights a selected line and shows its area and length Label Contours Labels contour lines Intersection Symbol Shrinks identified intersection symbols using existing markers or a selection rectangle Set Layer Puts selected lines into the current layer Form Polygon Creates polygons from existing line segments When editing is finished select the Done option or select the Edit Line Editor Line Editor On Off command again to exit the tool R2V uses shortcut keys for quick access to some of the frequently used functions The following is a list of keys used frequently with the Line Editor F1
16. command OCR and Text submenu Use this command to save trained OCR signatures to an OCR signature file OCR signatures are used to convert detected text blocks to editable text strings or number strings OCR signatures can be loaded from a file using the File OCR OCR File command OCR signatures are generated interactively using the Edit Text Block Editor Train OCR command OCR signatures generated from a map can be applied to other similar types of maps with text of the same fonts and styles You should generate different sets of OCR signatures if there are texts that are in different fonts and styles within a map Once a set of OCR signatures is trained use the File OCR and Text Save OCR File command or Edit OCR Signatures to save to a file 2 14 5 Load Notes command OCR and Text submenu Use this command to load text notes from a text note file Text notes are used for vector labeling and annotation purpose Text notes are saved to a file using the File OCR and Text Save Notes command Text notes can be generated in two ways One way is automatic conversion by recognizing text from the scanned image using R2V s OCR engine Vector Convert to Text Notes OCR Another way is to use R2V s Text Notes Editor under the Edit menu The Text Notes Editor allows you to generate text notes interactively Text notes can only be loaded from R2V s text note
17. current layer For vector files that have multiple layers dxf the layer information is maintained and all vector data items are kept in their separate layers in R2V MapGuide SDL files sdl can be imported for editing however the attribute data saved to an attribute file with the same file name but with an sda extension See Section 3 16 Attribute File SDL command Edit Menu for information on the format of an SDL SDA file The vector data items lines polygons points are associated with the attribute data by their ID values When exporting vector data to an SDL file the attributes in an SDA attribute file can be merged into the SDL file Vector data with the same ID value will be linked to a name and a URL with the same ID The IMAGE WINDOW can have an image or just an empty window created using the File New Workspace command for vector manipulation If there exists vector data in the current window you will be asked whether you want to delete the current data set If 33 FILE MENU COMMANDS your answer is Yes only the vectors imported from the file are kept for future processing If your answer is the imported vectors will be appended to the current data The two data sets are merged into one dataset By using this command repeatedly you can merge any number of vector files into one set This is often used when the original map or drawing is too large to scan into one image Y
18. hdr Drives Select the drive in which R2V for Windows stores the file that you want to open Directories Select the directory in which R2V for Windows stores the file that you want to open Network Choose this button to connect to a network location assigning it a new drive letter 27 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 2 Reload Image command File Menu Use this command to reload the original image to undo all the changes made to the image For example if you have converted your color image to grayscale for vectorization you can reload the image using this command after the image is vectorized You can then perform the line editing using the original color image as the backdrop 2 3 New Workspace command File Menu Use this command to create a new workspace in R2V for vector editing and merging when no image is available for the dataset This new document does not contain an image Use the File Import Vector command to open one or more vector files for display or editing The New Workspace function can also be used to merge multiple vector files into one vector file using the File Import Vector When merging vector data sets together use the View Resize Workspace option to change the size of the current workspace You can open an existing image or R2V project file with the File Open Image or Project command Shortcuts Keys CTRL N 2 4 Import Raw Image command File Menu Use this command
19. option Only snap lines with same ID This connects snapping pixels lines with the same ID value The distance threshold is a distance in pixels between any two lines When the distance between two lines is less than the threshold and the IDs are the same if that OK Cancel option is selected the two lines are joined together The default value for the distance threshold is 1 If this is your first time using the Snap Lines command click the Apply button to try it Snapped lines are displayed on the screen when the processing is done If more snapping is desired enter a larger distance threshold and then click the Apply button again Be careful not to use too big of a threshold to avoid incorrect snapping operations Only snap lines with same ID When the processing is done click the OK button to confirm the snapping operation If you want to recover your original data without any changes select the Cancel button 6 9 Snap Ends command Vector Menu This command snaps line ends that are within a user defined distance tolerance to a same location When the Snap Ends command is selected a Snap Line Ends dialog box appears for you to enter the tolerance value The default value for the tolerance is 1 If this is your first time using the Snap Ends command click the Apply button to try it Snapped lines are displayed on the screen when the processing is done If more snapping is needed enter a larger tolerance v
20. shp a MapInfo mif file a 3D points file xyz DXF dxf file an IGES igs and MapGuide SDL sdl file When exporting to a certain vector file format you will be prompted with options depending on what format you are exporting your data to including whether you want to apply the control points to the vector data and what transformation method you want to use Select the Apply Control Points box and the transformation method for example Bi Linear method and then export your data See Section 2 13 Export Vector command File Menu Now you have extracted the vector data from the scanned image and saved the data to a file that other mapping or GIS software can use If you are still not confident with the basic procedure repeat the above steps and get more information on certain commands using R2V s online help or the user manual 23 FILE MENU COMMANDS File Menu Commands Open and save all files mcluding images vector knes pohgons points control pants LFW The File menu offers the following commands Image or Project Image or Project Opens an existing image or a project Reload Image Reload the image to undo all changes made to pams New Workspace Creates a new workspace for vector data editing and Import Raw Image Imports raw or non standard binary images Often used to read satellite imagery ge Starts the scanning process to obtain a new ima
21. COMMAND VIEW MENU cssscsssssssssccssscssscsssessssscsssesessscssessoess 104 4 8 GEO CODED COORDINATES COMMAND VIEW 104 4 9 PAPER SPACE COORDINATES COMMAND VIEW cscssscssssssscscscscssscsscssscsssessees 105 4 10 IMAGE CONTRAST COMMAND VIEW ccsccsssssssssscssscsssssssssessscsssesscessessssssessees 105 4 11 IMAGE PALETTE COMMAND VIEW 22 3 107 4 12 SET IMAGE COLOR COMMAND VIEW 2 107 4 13 LINE COLORS VIEW MENU scscssscssscssosssosssosssoscseasonssonsssssvessvessnesssosseessoessosssosssonesoasonsoons 108 4 13 1 USE LAYER COLOR COMMAND LINE COLORS 8 4 44 202 000 0004000 00000000000 108 4 13 2 SET LINE COLOR By ID COMMAND LINE COLORS 5 109 4 13 3 SET NODE COLOR COMMAND LINE COLORS 8 240102 22002000000000 000000 109 4 13 4 SET END COLOR COMMAND LINE COLORS 8 1 24240 0 2 0 020000000000000000000000 109 4 14 FILL POLYGON COMMAND VIEW MENU essesseseessescosoesessossesoosoesoosossessossesosssesosssesessossee 109 4 15 SET POINT COLOR BY ID COMMAND VIEW MENU scscssscssssssssssscsssscesecsscsesssseseees 110 4 16 FONTS VIEW ssss
22. Overlay Image ROI 100 165 Overlay Line Ends 94 99 101 Overlay Line Nodes 94 99 100 Overlay Lines 94 99 100 Overlay Text Blocks 103 Overlay Text Notes 103 Overlay Triangulation 103 P palette color 26 palette color image 132 palette image 132 Palette to RGB 132 Paper space coordinates 105 Parcel map fill color 118 Parcel map vectorization 118 PBK project backup file 30 pick point control point 76 Pixel Tool 112 116 Pixel Tool draw line 117 Pixel tool fill color 118 PNG image file 26 Point ID 147 150 Point ID Display 102 Point add 70 point color 110 Point delete 70 Point move 70 Point show ID 71 polygon edit 67 polygon fill hatch 50 polygon generation 147 Polygon fill 109 polygon hatch pattern 50 Polygon snap 148 Polygons 144 polygons create manually 67 popup menu 146 Popup Menu 16 Print 25 Print Preview 25 Print Screen 46 Print Setup 25 Print Window 46 Project 24 project backup pbk 30 Project file 26 30 INDEX R R2V for Windows 13 R2V tutorial 19 2 1 mailing list 14 range of gray scale levels 137 Raster image editing 116 117 Raster to vecotr conversion 134 Raster to vector conversion 136 rectangles add 57 58 reference ellipsoids 79 Region of Interest 114 Region of Interest ROI 112 register the image to a projection system 32 registrati
23. be selected Open Ends Lines Closed Polygons OK This command is often used to make vector line layers with only closed polygons or open ends lines Polygons can be created using the Vector Create Polygon Layer Within Selected Rectangle Only command See Section 6 16 Create Polygon Layer command Vector Menu Duplicates Cancel 6 13 Detect Intersection Symbols command Vector Menu This command detects irregular intersection symbols such as bubbles circles and squares that are vectorized as a pattern instead of a simple node intersection These intersections should be corrected to a one node intersection before further processing can be properly done To detect intersection symbols first draw a selection rectangle as a training area around a typical intersection symbol and select the Detect Intersection Symbols command to start the process When intersection symbols are identified they are marked by blue rectangles The selected rectangle or training area should be slightly bigger than the full symbol pattern 144 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS You can then use the Vector Shrink Intersection Symbols command to convert the marked intersection symbols to one node intersections This command can be applied to a selected region or the entire image If you want to correct the symbols one by one you can use the Line Editor option Intersection Symbol for the task If the command
24. command is selected a Color dialog box will appear so you can specify the desired node color Setting the node color different than the line color is especially useful when editing lines 4 13 4 Set End Color command Line Colors submenu This command allows you to select a user defined color for the line ends display By default line ends are displayed with the same color as the lines This command defines a different color so ends can be viewed more easily When the Set End Color command is selected a Color dialog box will appear so you can specify the desired end color Setting the end color different than the line color is especially useful when editing lines 4 14 Fill Polygon command View Menu This command toggles the polygon filling mode on and off When the polygon fill mode is on all polygons in the active layers will be displayed with their interior filled with a color and hatch pattern The color will be the same as the line color and the hatch pattern can be defined using the Edit Layer Define command The Fill Polygon command is often used when editing polygons 109 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 15 Set Point Color by ID command View Menu This command is used to define a color for displaying x points within a certain ID range Multiple colors can be defined by specifying groups of point ID values Total number of colors 1 Range When the Set Point Color by ID command is selected a S
25. defined tolerance Delete Lines by Length Automatically deletes lines that are within a specified threshold range Delete Lines by ID Deletes lines by a specified ID range Delete Lines by Type Deletes lines by line type including open ends lines and closed polygon lines 134 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS Detect Intersection Detects intersection symbols for editing and processing Symbols Shrink Intersection Shrinks identified intersection symbols to one node Symbols intersections Can be used within a selected region or the entire image Remove Intersection Detects intersection symbols for editing and processing Markers Select Control Points Selects control points for vector data registration More than 4 control points should be provided for registration Vector data registration is done when data are exported to a file Use the right mouse button to select all of the editing options Create Polygon Layer Creates closed polygons from extracted lines Splits intersecting lines for creating a polygon layer Label Polygon with Labels closed polygons or all lines using ID values from Points the point data layer Snap Polygons Snaps polygons to merge common polygon boundaries Detect Text Blocks Automatically detects text blocks and marks them for editing and OCR applications Convert to Text Notes Automatically detects text strings from text blocks using OCR the current set of OCR
26. p Region Crops a selected image region for processing M Resize Resizes the image with a specified down sampling or up sampling factor Wap Warps or registers the image using selected control points Creates an image mosaic from multiple image files ar erge Merges another image into the current image to create an image overlay or mosaic Negate Reverses the image Despeckle Despeckles and removes noise from a monochrome or binary image Smooth Median Filter Smoothes the image using a median filter 112 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS Smooth Average Filter Smoothes the image using a 3x3 average filter Remove Background Removes grayscale image background Edge Detection Sobel Filter Image edge detection using a Sobel filter Edge Detection Gradient Image edge detection using a gradient magnitude Magnitude Edge Detection Edge Propagates image edges Propagate Set Image Threshold Sets image threshold interactively for thresholding of grayscale images when extracting vectors Classification Automatic image classification for color or multi spectral satellite images Colorize Colorize a grayscale image using color or multi spectral images This function is proprietary and often used to create high resolution color images using high resolution grayscale images and low resolution multi spectral images representing the red green and blue bands vectorization Often used
27. stored Enter the file name exactly the way it appears as it is used by R2V to find the image data Number of Columns This is the number of pixels in the X or column direction in one image plane or slice Number of Rows This is the number of pixels in the Y or row direction in one image plane or slice Number of Image Planes or Slices This is the number of image planes or slices in the file Number of Bits Per Pixel This tells the size of each image pixel If the number of bits is 8 then each pixel is one byte in size and can store up to 256 levels The currently supported number of bits per pixel is 8 Number of Bytes to Skip Before the Image Data Array Some image files have a fixed length header that stores vendor specific information The length or the size of this header must be provided so the Bytes To Skip Planes Z software knows to skip it in order to read the image data correctly If this value is 29 FILE MENU COMMANDS unknown then enter 1 to let the software estimate it automatically using the image size and file size Header File Name Use this field to enter a header file name to save the configuration parameters and use it later to read your image If you want to copy or edit all the information from an existing header file use the Browse button to open the existing header file All parameters will be read in for you to modify Click the OK button to save all the information to th
28. triangle based DXF file or a 3D XYZ file Image Drape Drapes the entire image or a selected region to the 3D dataset currently being displayed in the 3D window OCR and Text Load Text Blocks Loads text blocks from a text block file OCR and Text Save Text Blocks Saves detected text blocks to a text block file OCR and Text Load OCR File Loads OCR signatures from an OCR file OCR and Text Save OCR File Saves trained OCR signatures to an OCR file OCR and Text Load Notes Loads text note items from a text note file OCR and Text Save Notes Saves generated text note items to a text note file Print Preview Displays the document on the screen as it would appear printed Print Setu Selects a printer and printer connection Print Window Prints the current active IMAGE WINDOW Exit Exits R2V for Windows 25 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 1 Open Image or Project command File Menu Use this command to open an existing image in a new IMAGE WINDOW or to open an R2V project which may include all your previously created line data point data control points and other data You can open multiple R2V projects at once Use the Window menu to switch among the multiple open documents The raster image file formats supported are tagged image file format tif GeoTIFF TIFF file with geo referencing extension Windows Bitmap bmp JPEG jpg GIF gif PNG p
29. 51 8 67 3 3 8 UNDO COMMAND LINE EDITOR 5 2 42 2 1241 440200000000000000000000005050500 67 3 3 9 DONE COMMAND LINE EDITOR SUBMENU s sccesssscecsessececsenceceesececseaaececeeseecessaeeecnesaeeesneeeeenes 68 3 3 10 AUTO LINE IDS COMMAND EDIT 22 2 2 10 1000000000000000000000000000000 68 3 4 LINE ATTRIBUTES COMMAND EDIT 0 0 68 3 5 POINT EDITOR EDIT MENU sssesesssesessessescosoesessossesoessesoesosseosoesessossesoessesoesoesessossessossesoessesessosseses 69 3 5 1 NEW COMMAND POINT EDITOR SUBMENU ccssssceceessececsssceceesencecsesaececeeeaeeessseecseaeeeeessaeenees 70 3 5 2 DELETE POINT COMMAND POINT EDITOR SUBMENU ccsssssecessesceceesseeeceeseecessneeecsesaeeeeseeeeenees 70 3 5 3 MOVE POINT COMMAND POINT EDITOR SUBMENU 70 3 5 4 SET ID VALUE COMMAND POINT EDITOR 8 2 24 1 200000104000000000000000000000000 70 3 5 5 ASSIGN ID COMMAND POINT EDITOR 8 1 4224 1 00440600000066000000000400000000000000 000 71 3 5 6 SHOW ID VALUE COMMAND POINT EDITOR SUBMENU 71 3 5 7 SET LAYER COMMAND POINT EDITOR 8 2 2 41401 000000000000050000000000000000000000000 72 3 5 8 AUTO POINT IDS COMMAND EDIT
30. Blocks command and train the OCR signatures using these text blocks Save the OCR signatures to a file File OCR Text Save OCR File as they can be used with other scanned images with a similar type of text Text notes are treated as annotations and can be used to label vector lines Text notes can also be exported along with vector data to some vector files that support text attributes such as MapInfo s MIF and DXF Text notes can be edited using the Text Notes Editor under the Edit menu The display of text notes can be toggled on and off using the View Overlay Text Notes command 149 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS 6 23 Apply Notes to Lines command Vector Menu This command automatically applies existing text notes to label line ID values Because vector lines can only have numerical ID values only numerical text notes such as 23500 are used in the labeling process R2V uses a distance rule to apply text notes to vector lines A text note is applied to a line when the rectangle of the text note intersects with the bounding rectangle of the line Line ID values can be edited using the Line Editor options and can be displayed in the IMAGE WINDOW using the View Overlay Line IDs 6 24 Apply Notes to Points command Vector Menu This command automatically applies existing text notes to label point ID values Because points can only have numerical IDs only numerical text notes such as 23
31. COMMAND FILE MENU sssssccsssssscsssscccessscccesssscccssssccccsssecsesssceeceses 32 2 10 LAYER FILE MENU siscsscssiscssssessessstshscsssscvsevevsceseccssestescoschiessdscesivesssvecsdbendesesbabicestisssdseseessessntenseess 33 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 10 1 SAVE LAYERS COMMAND LAYER SUBMENU 33 2 10 2 LOAD LAYERS COMMAND LAYER 0 33 2 11 VECTOR COMMANDS we visessisssssssssscessessscvssassaseseasoseessoasesasvasosssecasoas eons ons 33 2 11 1 IMPORT VECTOR COMMAND FILE 33 2 11 2 IMPORT GEO CODED VECTOR COMMAND FILE 34 2 11 3 EXPORT VECTOR COMMAND FILE 2 2 4 440004 04000000000000000000000000050500 35 2 11 4 SAVE VECTOR AS IMAGE COMMAND FILE MENU 39 2 12 CONTROL POINT FILE COMMANDS ssseseessesessossessossesoessesessoesessossesoesoesoesossessossesosssesoesseseesosseses 39 2 12 1 SAVE CONTROL POINTS COMMAND FILE 39 2 12 2 LOAD CONTROL POINTS TFW COMMAND FILE 02 20022402000000000000000000000000000 39 2 133D DATA FILE MENU icssssssesssssasaieeesesssenscesstncssvessosisncssocesvessenseasssesoaseodesaessudsensdopsesneaseaasesdsadesdoeasoes 40
32. Color By ID again 108 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 13 2 Set Line Color By ID command Line Colors submenu This command defines a color for lines within the specified ID range This command can be used to display vector layers using different colors when lines are labeled by different ID values Lines can be labeled using the Line Editor under the Edit menu This command only changes the colors of lines within the current layer To change colors for other layers simply set a layer as current and then apply this command again This command is often used to make vector data more visible when manipulating lines using a color image as the backdrop This command is useful to help identify if lines or contours are labeled correctly Before you start the labeling process use this command to define the color scheme based on the ID range you want to apply to the lines Once the colors are defined you can start the labeling process using the Edit Line Editor Assign Line ID command When a line is labeled or has an ID value the color will update to the color specified the line must be in the current layer 4 13 3 Set Node Color command Line Colors submenu This command allows you to select a user defined color for the line nodes display By default line nodes are displayed with the same color as the lines This command defines a different color so nodes be viewed more easily When the Set Node Color
33. Help Use the Context Help tool button to obtain help on some portion of R2V for Windows When you choose the Context Help button from the View Bar the mouse pointer will change to an arrow and question mark Then click somewhere in the R2V for Windows window such as a Toolbar button The Help topic will be shown for the item you clicked Shortcut Keys SHIFT F1 156 HELP MENU 157 LICENSE AGREEMENT Software License Agreement Able Software Corp R2V for Windows Please read this license carefully before use You are purchasing a license to use the R2V for Windows Software The Software is owned by and remains the property of Able Software Corp is protected by international copyrights and is transferred to the original purchaser and any subsequent owner of the Software media for their use only on the license terms set below Opening the packaging and or using R2V for Windows Software indicates your acceptance of these terms If you do not agree to all of the terms and conditions or if after use you are dissatisfied with your R2V for Windows Software return the software manuals and any partial or whole copies within thirty days of purchase to the party from whom you received it for a refund subject to our restocking fee Use of the Software 1 Able Software Corp Able Software grants the original purchaser Licensee the limited rights to possess and use the Able Software Corp Software
34. LATITUDE LONGITUDE COMMAND GEO COORD CONVERT 0 79 3 10 2 STATE PLANE AND LATITUDE LONGITUDE COMMAND GEO COORD CONVERT 0 81 3 11 DELAUNAY TRIANGULATION COMMAND EDIT 0 2 0 9 50 0 82 3 12 TEXT BLOCK EDITOR EDIT 0 83 3 12 1 DELETE TEXT LINES COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR 51 2 83 3 12 2 DELETE ALL COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR 0 84 3 12 3 UNDELETE COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR 50 0 1 1 84 3 12 4 ADD BLOCK COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR 80 2 84 3 12 5 REMOVE BLOCK COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR 8 47 85 3 12 6 GROUP COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR 85 3 12 7 UNGROUP COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR SUBMENU cssssccesssececsetececseseecesseeeecneaeeeesneeeenes 86 3 12 8 TRAIN OCR COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR SUBMENU ssscceceeseececeeseeeeeseeecnesaeeeeneeeeenens 86 3 12 9 TEST OCR COMMAND TEXT BLOCK EDITOR SUBMENU ccsessceceessececeeseecessneeecnesaeeeeseeeeenees 87 3 13 SIGNATURES COMMAND EDIT MEND ssssssssssssscssssssccsceseccsssssessssssesssessssesssssesees 88 3 14 DELETE TEXT BLOCKS COMMAND EDIT 0 2 44 44 70 0 41
35. MENU COMMANDS You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Notes Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 16 Attribute File SDL command Edit Menu This command starts a text editor to edit an SDA SDL attribute file A MapGuide SDL file is an ASCII type file that has attribute data such as Name ID and Internet URL associated with each vector data item lines points polygons When opening an SDL file in R2V the attribute data are saved to an attribute file with the same file name but with an SDA extension sda This file keeps the Name ID and URL for each spatial data item The vector data items lines polygons and points and their ID values can be edited directly using R2V s vector editors The attribute data are edited separately using a text editor and merged back when exporting the vector data to an SDL file format The SDA file is a simple ASCII text file which can be created easily using a text editor The following example describes the format comments in the brackets are not included in the file ABLE SOFTWARE ATTRIBUTE FILE tag to validate the file type IDI numerical ID for vector data items text string for name URLI Internet URL ID2 NAME2 URL2 ID3 NAME3 URL3 I
36. Menu The Delete Points command will delete all points in the IMAGE WINDOW When this command is selected an R2V for Windows dialog box will appear 2 E E asking to confirm the operation See Figure You can cancel this operation by selecting the No button in the confirmation dialog box Cancel Caution The Delete Points command will delete all the points within the selected region or the entire image and all the vector data will be lost if they are not saved to a file You should save the points to a file using the File Export Vector command in case you want to get the data back after deleting 72 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 7 Point Attributes command Edit Menu Use this command to add new and edit existing attributes to points Line Attributes Number Location ID Add Column 1 39 722 0 1382 2 776 40 0 1382 _Del Column 3 679 620 0 1438 aaa 4 703 606 0 1466 5 677 703 0 1438 Find 6 688 692 0 1466 7 690 516 0 1429 Replace 8 1047 730 0 1354 9 921 11 o 1410 10 935 539 0 1429 Print 11 1066 865 0 1438 12 1043854 0 1547 13 1018 780 0 1573 14 835811 0 1382 The Number and Location columns are derived from the points and cannot be changed The ID column can be edited by entering new values in the table This column is the default attribute of points that cannot be deleted The Add Column button adds a new col
37. Remove Intersection Markers command to remove the markers Redraw a different training area and use the Vector Detect Intersection Symbols command to detect irregular intersections again 145 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS 6 15 Remove Intersection Markers command Vector Menu This command removes all detected irregular intersection symbol markers The Remove Intersection Markers command only removes the intersection markers but no other data is 22 Delete all bubble intersection markers affected When the command is selected an R2V for Windows dialog box will appear confirming the operation See Figure __ The intersection symbols are detected using the Vector Detect Intersection Symbols command 6 16 Select Control Points command Vector Menu This command is used to start the Control Point Editor to select control points for vector data registration Once the Control Point Editor is started the cursor will change according to the editing function used The initial editing function is New Use the right mouse button to get the pop up menu for the editing options See Section 3 8 Control Point Editor for specific information on the Control Point Editor functions 6 17 Create Polygon Layer command Vector Menu This command creates closed polygons from the existing lines in the current layer A new layer is created to hold the polygon data Existing lines in the
38. Value 0 To label a group of contour lines point at 1 1 starting point hold down the left Increment Value 0 mouse and drag to an ending point to select a group of lines During the mouse dragging process a rubber band line is displayed to show the trace After the left mouse button is released the selected lines are displayed with reversed color and the Enter Contour Values dialog box appears to take the Starting Value and Increment Value for the labeling The starting value is applied to the first line in the group and the next line has a value added by the increment value This applies to all the lines selected If negative increment value is selected the increment value is then subtracted from the previous one and assigned to a line The assigned ID numbers are saved when exporting using the Arc file format ArcView Shape files and MIF MID files For the DXF file format there is an option to save the ID value as the Z value the third dimension The ID value is saved as the Z value for the IGES file format You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 6 2 Highlight Line command Line Editor submenu Use this command to highlight a line The cursor wi
39. When the command is selected a Smooth Lines dialog box appears See Figure The Smoothing Threshold is a distance in pixel between a node and its line When the distance between a node and its line is less than the threshold the node is removed from Lines in the selected region the line If the threshold is set as 0 then only the Appl Hel OK 2 Aoo 1 duplicate redundant nodes removed no further smoothing is performed When a selection rectangle is set in the image you will have the option of applying this operation to the Lines in the selected region only The default value for the threshold is 1 If this is the first smoothing click the Apply button to try it Smoothed lines are displayed on the screen when the processing is done If more thinning is desired enter a larger value for the Smoothing Threshold Value and click the Apply button Adding increments of to the Smoothing Threshold Value can cause significant thinning to the vector data Be careful not to use too big of a threshold to avoid over thinning When the thinning is done click the OK button to confirm the smoothing operation If you want to recover your original data without the thinning select the Cancel button 6 7 B Spline Smooth command Vector Menu This command does a global smoothing of lines using a B Spline interpolation method When the B Spline Smoo
40. across the group of lines to be traced See Figure The Multi Line Trace command selects all the lines between the two points and traces the lines when the left mouse button is released R2V will automatically trace all the lines selected and the tracing will stop when it encounters one of the following cases 1 A multiple line intersection 2 A broken point 3 The end of line B 4 A closed polygon Repeat the above steps to trace a new group of lines The traced lines are always put into the current layer To create lines for a different layer you need to set the new layer as current by selecting the layer from the toolbar or using the Edit Layer Define command Smoothing is automatically performed for each traced line Use the Line Editor Set Smoothing command to change the smoothing threshold Note Even of a line is traced it can still be traced again and this will cause the software to have duplicate copies of a line When tracing a group of lines be careful to not trace lines that have already been traced Use the Line Editor to delete redundant lines if a line is traced more than one time 3 3 1 4 Free Trace command Line Editor submenu 4lUse this command to switch to the free hand tracing mode to manually trace line The cursor will change to a hand drawing cursor Point the cursor at an image location where you want to start a line hold down the left mouse button to draw or trace along
41. adds the tif extension in the Save As Type box 31 FILE MENU COMMANDS Drives Select the drive in which you want to store the document Directories Select the directory in which you want to store the document Network Choose this button to connect to a network location assigning it a new drive letter 2 9 Save World File command File Menu Use this command to create and save an Image World File TFW or TAB file These files can be used to register an image to a projection system using selected control points The Image World File is used to overlay a raster image with geo referenced vector data in a GIS package The TAB file is supported by MapInfo software This file can only be created when the control points are selected Use the Vector Select Control Points command to select new control points or use the File Load Control Points TEW command to read control points from a control point file The world file format is currently supported by several GIS software packages including ESRI s Arc Info and ArcView Although world files could have different file extensions depending on the image file R2V uses only the tfw extension for all world files You can change your world file to the tfw extension so it can get loaded automatically The world file consists of a six parameter affine transformation Where are calculated coordinates of pixel in the wo
42. angle 119 Image Segmentation 131 Image Smooth 125 126 Image Source 136 Image Threshold 113 128 133 INDEX Image Windows 15 Image World File TFW 24 32 Image check angle 119 image merge 124 image reload 28 Image resolution 105 Image scan 46 image warp 121 import image 28 Import Raw Image 28 Import Vector 24 28 33 Import geo coded vector file 34 Installation 11 integer IDs 150 interactive tracing 22 56 Intersection symbol markers overlay 95 100 Intersection symbols shrink correct 145 Intersection Symbols detect 144 Intersection symbols edit 64 J Join Line 61 Join Lines 53 K Keyboard 18 L label a point 69 Label Contours 54 66 Label points 150 Label polygons 147 latitude longitude 78 latitude longitude UTM 80 Layer color 108 text notes 91 Layer define 48 49 Layer file load 33 Layer file save 33 Layer manipulate 48 52 layer status 53 Layer add 49 layer color 50 164 layer current 50 52 layer current and locked 67 Layer default 49 Layer define update or set status 33 layer lines 67 layer lock unlock 50 Layer move data between 33 layer new 49 layer off 51 layer on 50 Length Distance 16 License Agreement 158 Line Color 109 Line Color ends 109 Line Color nodes 109 Line editing functions 48 line editing tool 53 line editor circles and ellipses 58 line editor move li
43. be the same type for example 1 bit black and white or a 24 bit RGB image All image types are supported by this command If the images are already geo referenced by a control point file or world file with the same file name or saved as a GEOTIFF file then they can be put together based on their real world coordinates Check the box Images are geo referenced to do this When this option is checked the overlap option will not be used If your images have overlapped regions then you can check the Has Overlap box and define the amount of overlap The amount of overlap is entered as a percentage to the sub image to be used for the mosaic The overlapped image areas will be used to calculate image correlation and find the best location for stitching If images are not stitched at the correct location you may need to make the numbers larger for the Left Overlap and or the Top Overlap Image Image 2 Image 3 If the sub images don t have any border overlap simply uncheck the Has Overlap box so the images will be stitched together according to the layout matrix without any image matching Image 4 Image 5 Image 6 123 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS The final image mosaic will look like this See Figure If there are distortions in the sub images you can use the Image Warp command to correct them first and then use the Mosaic command Once the mosaic image is successfully created use the File Save Image As comman
44. command This command is often used to fill in gaps caused by high frequency noise or other artifacts before performing vectorization The way the propagation works very much depends on the image itself and you may need to repeat this function several times to get the gaps filled This command works only with grayscale images Other image types such as color images must be converted to grayscale before this command can be used 127 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS If the edge enhanced image is going to be auto vectorized it is highly recommended to first set the image threshold using the Image Set Image Threshold command See Section 5 21 Set Image Threshold command Image Menu When the threshold is set properly make sure the box Use Existing Threshold is checked in the Vectorize dialog box when using the Vector Auto Vectorize command The Edge Propagate command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 21 Set Image Threshold command Image Menu This command is used to interactively select a grayscale threshold range low and high thresholds to be used by the Vector Auto Vectorize command The image threshold is used for grayscale images and other functions such as tracing and image conversions When the Set Image Threshold command is selected a Set Image Threshold dialog box appears with two scroll bars showing the
45. command Toolbars submenu Use this command to display and hide the Tool Bar The Tool Bar includes buttons for some of the most common commands for editing vector lines points control points and other data layers Move your mouse to a toolbar button and stay there for few seconds to see the tool tip The tool tip tells what command is associated with the button See Figure A check mark appears next to the menu item when the Tool Bar is displayed View Bar v Tool Status Bar 96 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 1 3 Status Bar command Toolbars submenu Use this command to display and hide the Status Bar The Status Bar describes the action to be executed by the selected menu item or pressed toolbar button and the keyboard latch state A check mark appears next to the menu item when the Status Bar is displayed View Bar Tool Bar v Status Bar The current image coordinates of the cursor location are displayed in the Status Bar Status Bar For Help press 1 015 70 The Status Bar is displayed at the bottom of the R2V IMAGE WINDOW To display or hide the Status Bar use the Toolbars Status Bar command in the View menu The left area of the Status Bar describes actions of menu items as you navigate through menu commands This area similarly shows messages that describe the actions of toolbar buttons as you depress them before releasing them If after viewing the description of the toolbar button
46. command if you need have a specific type of nent display for an image 8 24 EERE E 4 13 Line Colors View Menu Custom colors 4 13 1 Use Layer Color command ip S ip if ip 5 ip Line Colors submenu Use this command to apply the colors defined for each layer to display vector data within those layers The color of a layer can be defined using the Edit Layer Define command When the Use Layer Color command is selected the Set Vector Display Colors By Layer dialog box appears See Figure Define Custom Colors gt gt If you need to apply colors to all active data items then make sure the data types are all selected Set Vector Display Colors By Layer Select the Current Layer Only option if you only want to apply color to the data items in the current layer Select Layers Current Layer Only Select the All Layers Except Current All Layers Except the Current Layer Layer option to apply colors to all other All Layers layers except the current layer Select the All Layers option to apply colors to all layers If vectors are displayed with colors defined using other command such as View Line Colors Set Line Color By ID the use of this command will reset the color of the lines based on their layer color definitions If the colors need to be changed to another scheme then use the corresponding command such as View Line Colors Set Line
47. current layer used by the polygons will stay unchanged in the process When the Create Polygon Layer command is selected a Create Closed Polygons dialog box appears See Figure user specified distance threshold Maximum Create Closed Polygons xj Gap Tolerance for Polygon Closing is used to check whether a line can be Enter Maximum Gap Tolerance for connected as part of a polygon The threshold value should be selected Split Intersections carefully because too large of a value can generate fake polygons and too M No Overlap Outlines small of a value may leave many polygons not closed Apply Cancel If lines are traced manually or semi automatically using the Auto Tracing function under the Line Editor you may want to apply the Split Intersections option to ensure the correct closing of polygons This processing will take some time if you have a large data set If you have used R2V s 146 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS automatic vectorization function Vector Auto Vectorize then you do not need to apply this processing step because the automatic vectorization function generates most line intersections correctly The option No Overlap Outlines is checked on by default This option will remove the outlines that are the outermost boundaries and overlap with other polygons within If you need to keep these polygons uncheck this box Overlap Outlines can be removed later using the Li
48. example converting from State Plane NAD27 to State Plane NAD83 you can convert the coordinates to an intermediate system first and then convert to the target system For this example you can convert NAD27 to latitude and longitude first and then convert from latitude and longitude back to NAD83 system 78 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 10 1 UTM and Latitude Longitude command Geo Coord Convert submenu This command converts coordinates between UTM and geography coordinate system UTM Latitude Longitude Conversion dialog box appears when this command is selected See Figure UTM Latitude Longitude Conversion Datum 05 84 83 OK UTM Latitude Longitude Northing 3862067 5753 Latitude and Longitude are in decimal degrees Easting 545681 46743 UTMZone 135 Longtude 1045 Help UTM Convert Control Points to LL UTM to uf Help LL Convert Control Points to The following table lists the names and parameters for the geodetic datums used by R2V for Windows Reference Ellipsoid Equatorial Reciprocal Delta a Delta f 10 4 Radius Flattening 1 f Airy 6377563 396 299 3249646 573 604 0 11960023 Australian National 6378160 0 298 25 23 0 0 00081204 Bessel 1841 6377397 155 299 1528128 739 845 0 10037483 Bessel 1841 6377483 865 299 1528128 653 135 0 10037483 Namb
49. failed to detect most of the symbols use the Vector Remove Intersection Markers command to remove the markers Redraw a different training area and use the Detect Intersection Symbols command to detect irregular intersections again 6 14 Shrink Intersection Symbols command Vector Menu This command shrinks detected irregular intersection symbols to simple one node intersections Irregular intersection symbols such as circles bubbles and squares are vectorized as a group of lines in the vectorization process These intersections should be corrected to one node intersections before further processing can be properly done The Shrink Intersection Symbols command physically changes the line data and cannot be recovered if you have not saved your data It is highly recommended to save your vector data to a line file gen first and then use the Shrink Intersection Symbols command to correct for irregular intersections If you want to apply this command to a specific region hold down the left mouse button to draw a selection rectangle for the region and select the Shrink Intersection Symbols command to correct the symbols If you want to correct the symbols individually you can use the Line Editor option Intersection Symbol for the task The intersection symbols are detected using the Vector Detect_ Intersection Symbols command If the command failed to detect most of the symbols use the Vector
50. images together Click Cancel if you want to stop the process Step 5 The newly merged image is displayed in the current IMAGE WINDOW Use the File Save Image As command to save it to a new file If you need to merge more images repeat Steps 2 to 4 124 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 16 Negate command Image Menu This command is used to reverse the image pixel intensity values For example if the image is a 1 bit bi level image pixels with a value of 1 will become 0 and pixels with a value of 0 will become 1 after the Negate operation This command is only needed when somehow an image is scanned in reverse It is necessary to negate an image if it is reversed because R2V for Windows will only extract black lines The Negate command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 17 Despeckle command Image Menu This command is used to despeckle and remove white and black noise pixels from a monochrome or binary image If the Vector Auto Vectorize command is going to be used to vectorize a monochrome image it is highly recommended to run the Despeckle command at least once to remove noise and speckle from the image Images with less speckle or noise points will generate higher quality vector data in the automatic vectorization process which will result in less editing The Despeckle command works only with binary or monochrome
51. labeling Assign ID Assigns the current ID to a point Show ID Value Displays the ID of a selected point yer Puts a point into the current layer 69 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 5 1 New command Point Editor submenu Use this command to add new points to the current layer The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Point the cursor at an image location and click the left mouse button A new point will be added to the current point layer Repeat this step to add more points to the point layer You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 5 2 Delete Point command Point Editor submenu Use this command to delete a point in the current point layer The cursor will change to a Delete Cursor Point the cursor at a point and click the left mouse button to remove it The system will always remove the closest point to the location clicked When deleting a point try to be as close as possible to the point to be removed You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Point Editor by selecting the Done option from
52. menu item is checked when a user defined color is used The menu item is grayed out if the image is not yet vectorized or no line data is available in the current session 4 6 6 Line Ends command Overlay submenu This command toggles the display of end point markers for all of the existing lines This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing The ends display the order of the nodes going from a circle to an arrow The menu item is selected when line end point markers are displayed The menu item is grayed out if the image is not yet vectorized or no line data is available in the current session 4 6 7 User Color for Ends command Overlay submenu This command toggles a user defined color for line ends on and off This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing By default line ends are displayed using the line color The menu item is checked when a user defined color is used The menu item is grayed out if the image is not yet vectorized or no line data is available in the current session 4 6 8 Line IDs command Overlay submenu This command toggles on and off the display of line ID values for all of the existing lines This option is often used during the line labeling process Use the View Fonts Fonts for Line IDs command to change the font type and size The menu item is checked when the line ID values are displayed 101 VIEW MENU COMMANDS The men
53. new location You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 4 5 Move Line command Line Editor submenu NX Use this command to switch to the Move Line mode The cursor will change to a Move Cursor Point the cursor at a line and hold the left mouse button to move When the line is moved to the desired location release the left mouse button to confirm it Repeat this process to move another line To move a group of lines hold down SHIFT key and drag the left mouse button within the image to draw a selection rectangle to include the lines to be moved Release the SHIFT key Hold down the left mouse button inside the rectangle and drag the mouse to move the lines Release the left mouse button to confirm You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 62 EDIT MENU COMMANDS You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 4 6 Delete Line command Line Editor submenu Use this command to delete an existing line The cursor will change to a Delete Cursor Point the cursor at a node that be
54. of closed windows Window 1 2 Goes to specified window 152 WINDOW MENU COMMANDS 7 1 New Window command Window Menu Use this command to open a new IMAGE WINDOW with the same contents as the active IMAGE WINDOW You can open multiple document windows to display different parts or views of a document at the same time If you change the contents in one window all other windows containing the same document reflect those changes When you open a new window it becomes the active window and is displayed on top of all other open windows 7 2 Cascade command Window Menu Use this command to arrange multiple opened windows in an overlapping fashion 7 3 Tile command Window Menu Use this command to arrange multiple opened windows in a non overlapping fashion 7 4 Arrange Icons command Window Menu Use this command to arrange the icons for minimized windows at the bottom of the main window If there is an open document window at the bottom of the main window then some or all of the icons may not be visible because they will be underneath this document window 7 5 1 2 command Window Menu R2V for Windows displays a list of currently open document windows at the bottom of the Window menu A check mark appears in front of the document name of the active IMAGE WINDOW Choose a document from this list to make its window active 153 HELP MENU Help Menu Commands The Help menu offers the following c
55. option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button or by using the Edit Line Editor Line Editor On Off command 55 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 3 1 2 Auto Trace command Line Editor submenu z Use this command to toggle the interactive line tracing mode on and off Auto Tracing is used to control the New Line editing mode Auto Tracing should be used when a line is drawn interactively This function is designed to effectively trace raster images which are either in poor quality or too complex to use automatic vectorization function The Auto Tracing option can also be used when only portions of an image need to be vectorized When in the New Line editing mode and the Auto Tracing option is on the command is checked you can trace a line interactively by giving directions to R2V and letting R2V do the hard part To start a line move the mouse to a line and click the left mouse button within the line to get the starting point Then move the mouse a short distance away from the first point and click the left mouse button again for the next point This point is used to lead the direction of the line tracing Once the next point is clicked R2V will trace the line until it encounters the end of the line a broken point or a multi line intersection To continue the
56. process to modify other text notes or text labels Use the Delete option under the Text Notes Editor to delete an existing text note or use the Add option under the Text Notes Editor to add a new text note You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Notes Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 90 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 15 4 Move command Text Notes Editor submenu This command switches to the Move editing mode that allows you to move a text note to a new location The cursor will change to a Move Cursor during this editing session Point the cursor close to the center of a text note press down the left mouse button and drag the text note to a new location Repeat this process to move other text notes or text labels Use the Delete option under the Text Notes Editor to delete an existing text note or use the Add option under the Text Notes Editor to add a new text note To adjust the orientation switch to the Rotate mode under the Text Notes Editor You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Notes Editor by selecting the Done option from t
57. selected region or the entire image and all the vector data will be lost if they are not saved to a file You should save the lines to a file using the File Export Vector command in case you want to get the data back after deleting You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 63 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 3 4 8 Intersection Symbol command Line Editor submenu Use this command to change to the Intersection Symbol editing mode The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor When intersection symbols are detected and displayed using the Vector Detect Intersection Symbols command point the cursor within a rectangle symbol marker and click the left mouse button to shrink the symbol If no intersection symbol marker is present around an intersection symbol you can first draw a selection rectangle for the symbol by holding down both the SHIFT key and the left mouse button and then select the Intersection Symbol command again to shrink the symbol If a mistake is made use the Edit Undo command or CONTROL Z to recover You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You c
58. selectively To start interactive tracing you need to get into the Line Editor by selecting the Edit Line Editor option Once you are in the Line Editor stay in the New Line editing mode by selecting the option from the Line Editor submenu the toolbar button 4 or the floating pop up menu Make sure the Auto Trace option is selected Simply click a starting point using the left mouse button and select the next point the same way within a line for the tracing function to follow Use the BACKSPACE lt key to remove the last point When the line is completed press the SPACEBAR or any key to finish Repeat the above steps to trace other lines If you need to trace lines for another layer simply select the layer as current and then start the tracing process again 22 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL If you want to trace lines as a group for example contour lines the Multi Line Trace option under the Line Editor is for this Select the Multi Line Trace mode under the Line Editor submenu the toolbar button or the floating pop up menu Draw line using the left mouse button across the lines to be traced The selected lines will be traced automatically by R2V Repeat this step for other lines Step 5 Edit the detected lines using the Edit Line Editor submenu options You can also use the right mouse button to bring up the pop up menu of the editing options Clicking on the toolbar buttons can also access the
59. signatures for the same character are recommended when fonts and styles vary in a scanned image Use the Train OCR command to generate signatures for all the characters and digits to be recognized cursor is changed to a Cross Cursor during the training session Point the cursor at a text pied pp for the block that includes a clear and typical character ee image and click the left mouse button The OCR Training Dialog box appears to allow the OK entering of the code of the symbol Repeat this process to train other characters To view and edit the current set of OCR signatures use the Edit OCR_ Signatures command 86 EDIT MENU COMMANDS To see how the generated OCR signatures perform switch to the Test OCR mode under the Text Block Editor One single map or drawing may have text in different sizes fonts and styles It is best to generate separate sets of OCR signatures for each type of text style and perform OCR functions on each type of text separately If numerical text will be used to label the vectorized lines these numbers should be grouped with number digits No other characters or symbols should be grouped with them because numbers are converted from text string to numerical value directly Signatures can be saved to an OCR signature file ocr using the OCR and Text Save OCR File command or the Edit OCR Signatures command Signatures can be read back
60. text and other symbols that do not need to be vectorized You can also convert the image to a grayscale image using the Image Conversion 1 bit Bi level to Grayscale command and use the Fill Color command to change parcel boundaries to a color that is different from the background and the other lines Use the Image Set Image Thresholds command to define the thresholds and then use the Vector Auto Vectorize command to vectorize only the boundaries lines Other lines will not be processed and a significant amount of editing can be saved when doing 50 Use the floating pop up menu or Image Pixel Tool submenu to change to different pixel tool Select the Done option to exit from the Image Pixel Tool 5 5 5 Undo command Image Pixel Tool submenu This command reverses the last operation using Image Pixel Tool such as Draw Pixel Draw Line and Fill Color and restores the affected pixels to their previous colors 118 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 6 Vertical Flip command Image Menu This command is used to flip the image vertically The Vertical Flip command changes the raw image data You should save the image first if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 7 Horizontal Flip command Image Menu This command is used to flip the image horizontally The Horizontal Flip command changes the raw image data You should save the image first if you plan
61. the View Geo Coded Coordinates command 39 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 13 3D Data File Menu 2 13 1 Open 3D File command 3D Data submenu Use this command to open an existing grid file or DEM digital elevation model file for 3D display The 3D DEM file is compatible with USGS DEM file format This commands requires the OpenGL graphics library which is provided by Windows m 4 The grid data will be displayed in a 3D VIEW WINDOW See Figure You Azimuth ooo 33 Degree can use the View 3D Setting command within the 3D VIEW WINDOW to aa D J A Degree change the parameters used for the display This command brings up the Animation Apply 3D Setting dialog box See Figure Zoom Drape Set The parameters include Zoom This parameter adjusts the zoom factor Azimuth Angle This is the viewing azimuth angle in degrees which adjusts the viewer position to the left or the right Apex Angle This is the apex angle in degrees which adjusts the viewer position up or down If image draping is applied use the Drape Set button to choose how the draping can be done Use the Animation button to let the 3D VIEW rotate continuously Press the Animation button again to stop You can use the File Print Window command to create a hard copy of the 3D display To save the 3D display to a bitmap file use the File Save Window to File command A grid file can be created using th
62. to import raw or non standard format binary images R2V supports various image file formats directly including TIFF GEOTIFF BMP JPEG GIF RLC and other raw image formats For other image file formats such as 8 bit raw binary files used to store satellite imagery R2V can import these images by creating an image header file for an image data file with its image parameters defined Once the header file is created you can use it to open the image which is treated the same way as a directly support file format like TIFF or BMP When the File Import Raw Image command is selected the Import Image Dialog box appears See Figure All parameters listed in the dialog box must be correctly entered in order for the software to read the image data If you do not know the parameters you should contact the image vendor about those parameters 28 FILE MENU COMMANDS Import Image Dialog Header File Name Browse OK Cancel Image Data File Name Browse Save Header Image Configuration of Columns 5 fos 024 Number of Bytes To Photometric Display Skip Before Image 1 iF Mic Whis of Rows Y fi 024 Data enter 1 if not sure Min is Black of Planes i i of Planes no Bits Per Pixel Must Be 8 1 Byte Color Enter the following parameters Image Data File Name Use the Browse button or enter directly the file name where the image data is
63. to segment aerial photo images color image image image image 8 bit Palette 1 bit Bi level Converts 8 bit palette color image to a 1 bit bi level monochrome image GrayScale 24 bit RGB Converts a grayscale image to a 24 bit RGB color image GrayScale 1 bit Bi Level Converts an 8 bit grayscale image to a 1 bit bi level image using an automatically estimated optimal threshold or a user selected threshold 1 bit Bi Level GrayScale Converts 1 bit Bi Level image to 8 bit grayscale image 113 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 1 Information command Image Menu This command displays the parameters associated with the image displayed When the Image Information command is selected the Image Attributes dialog box will appear See Figure The parameters include Number of Columns Width Number of Columns Width 557 Number of Rows Height Bits Per Pixel Number of Planes Number of Rows Height Cancel f Image Type Scanning Resolution Bits Per Pixel 8 and Resolution Unit Number of Planes f The Scanning Resolution Dots per inch dpi and Resolution Unit inch centimeter can be changed Scanning Resolution 300 and adjusted using the Image Information command The Resolution Unit Inch Scanning Resolution the Apply Updated Resolution
64. tracing on the same line move the mouse along the line and click the left mouse button to give R2V the next point and direction Repeat the above steps to trace a complete line If a line is not traced correctly you can use the BACKSPACE lt key to delete a point from the end of the line and then use the mouse to select a new point to lead the tracing on the correct course Use the BACKSPACE lt key repeatedly to remove multiple incorrectly traced points from the line To finish the tracing of a line simply press any key except BACKSPACE key key S s keys BACKSPACE lt key is used only for deleting a point from the end of the currently traced line The or key will close the currently traced line to make a closed polygon If the currently traced line is closed R2V will automatically close the line and finish the session The S or s key will snap the current line to another line that is the closest Smoothing is automatically performed for each traced line Use the Line Editor Set Smoothing command to change the smoothing threshold 56 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 3 1 3 Multi Line Trace command Line Editor submenu gt This function is used to trace a group of lines in a single step After you are in the Multi Line Trace mode you can start the process by holding down the left mouse button and drawing a line rubber band line
65. undo the last operation use the Edit Undo command 116 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 5 3 Draw Line command Image Pixel Tool submenu The Draw Line command is used to paint straight lines into a raster image When this command is selected a Define Pixel Value To Draw dialog box appears See Figure The dialog box allows you to define the Pen Size in pixels and the Current Pixel Value The pen will be used for drawing lines in the image To draw a line move the cursor to the starting location and hold down the left mouse button to draw A rubber band line will appear when you move the mouse Once you reach the ending location of the line release the left mouse button to confirm The image display will be updated with the new line Repeat this step to draw more lines To undo the last operation use the Edit Undo command 5 5 4 Map Pixel Values command Image Pixel Tool submenu This command maps all pixels within the defined Define Pixel Value D pixel value range to a new value When the Map Pixel Values command is selected the Map Pixel The image type is 1 bit monochrome 1 0 Values dialog box appears See Figure The dialog box allows you to specify the Pixel Values Pen Size in pixels ce to be Mapped defined by the Minimum Min and Maximum Max value and the New Value to be assigned Value 0 Define For grayscale images you draw selection rectangle wit
66. using color information from multi spectral or color images of different scales or resolutions This command uses a patent pending algorithm developed by Able Software to create high resolution color images using high resolution grayscale images and low resolution multi spectral images Before using this command each color band of the multi spectral image should be registered properly and cropped against the grayscale image Each color band should be stored in a separate file but they do not have to be exactly the same size as the grayscale image After the Colorize command is started a Colorize Image Dialog box appears to allow you to enter the file names of the three color source images the Red Source Image the Green Source Image and the Blue Source Image See Figure 129 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS n The order of eee er Red Source Image differently to create pseudo color images Click the OK button to start the process j Green Source Image The final color image Browse will be displayed in the current IMAGE WINDOW Use the amma File Save Image Browse command to save the image to a file Cancel One application of this function is to create a true color image from high resolution satellite images For example the Russian SPIN 2 2 meter resolution grayscale image can be colorized with low resolution multi spectral satellite imagery such as LANDSAT TM or SPOT images
67. vectorized automatically Down sampling can degrade the image quality greatly and can affect the quality of vector data generated When up sampling an image you need to watch the new image size as it can grow significantly Large images require more computer memory to process and disk space to store while the vectorization quality may not be improved at all The Resize command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 13 Warp command Image Menu This command is used to register or warp an image using the currently specified control points based on a target image When the Warp command is selected the Image Warp Dialog box appears See Figure x Cancel With the Delaunay Triangulation method 275 Note Use bi Linear method if only pixels more close to control points are email number of contral points mapped with a higher accuracy level If available one area does not appear to be registered correctly you may want to add more control points in that area The image space is first triangulated into many triangles and then each triangle provides a linear The mathematical transform is generated using either the Bi Linear Transform or the Delaunay Triangulation Transform 6 Use Bi Linear Transform Use Triangulation Transform 121 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS transform using the three vertex control poi
68. within the color But vector based mapping or CAD systems may require the boundaries be snapped together When the Snap Polygons command is selected a Snap Distance dialog box appears See Figure This command snaps the polygons using a user defined Snap Distance in Pixels threshold to determine if two boundaries are close enough Enter Snap Distance Pixels fi If the two boundaries are within the defined snap distance they will be snapped together Normally a threshold of 1 works well for Ean polygons generated using the Vector Auto Vectorize command A larger snap distance will result in more snapping but can also snap lines incorrectly 6 21 Detect Text Blocks command Vector Menu This command automatically detects text blocks where text characters are vectorized as lines during the vectorization process Use the mouse to draw a box around a single character so the system can use the information in the detection process If you have text of different fonts and sizes use the Detect Text Blocks command multiple times with the selection rectangle drawn properly around the target character 148 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS If layers are defined this command should only be applied to one layer at a time Before starting this command use the Edit Layer Define command to set the working layer as current and turn all other layers off Text blocks are used to identify the size and location
69. 0 118 5 6 VERTICAL FLIP COMMAND IMAGE MENU 119 5 7 HORIZONTAL FLIP COMMAND IMAGE 119 5 8 TRANSPOSE COMMAND IMAGE 2 2 119 5 9 CHECK ANGLE COMMAND IMAGE 1 21 119 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 10 ROTATE COMMAND IMAGE MENU ccsccsssscssscssssscssscsssesssssssssessssssesescssccsssessssscsssaseoess 120 5 11 CROP REGION COMMAND IMAGE MENU e sessescosseseesossesoossesoesoeseosossessossesosssesossoesessose 120 5 12 RESIZE COMMAND IMAGE 4 4 121 5 13 WARP COMMAND IMAGE 2 121 5 14 MOSAIC COMMAND IMAGE 123 5 15 MERGE COMMAND IMAGE 2 2 1 124 5 16 NEGATE COMMAND IMAGE 125 5 17 DESPECKLE COMMAND IMAGE 41 125 5 18 SMOOTH IMAGE 4 125 5 18 1 AVERAGE FILTER COMMAND SMOOTH 50 125 5 18 2 MEDIAN FILTER COMMAND SMOOTH SUBMENU
70. 2 13 1 OPEN 3D FILE COMMAND 3D DATA 8 00 0 1 40 2 13 2 CREATE 3D GRID FILE COMMAND 3D DATA 6 41 2 13 3 CREATE 3D DEM FILE COMMAND 3D DATA SUBMENU c scceseececeessececseeececseeeecesseeecnesaeees 41 2 13 4 IMAGE DRAPE COMMAND 3D DATA 0 42 2 13 5 EXPORT 3D MODEL COMMAND 43 2 14 OCR AND TEXT FILE MENU eseessesessossesoossesoesosseosossesoossesoossosoososseosossesoossesosssssoesossessossesosssssosss 44 2 14 1 LOAD TEXT BLOCKS COMMAND OCR AND TEXT 8 44 2 14 2 SAVE TEXT BLOCKS COMMAND OCR AND TEXT SUBMENU 10 0 00 0 00000000000 44 2 14 3 LOAD OCR FILE COMMAND OCR AND TEXT SUBMENU 44 2 14 4 SAVE OCR FILE COMMAND OCR AND TEXT 0 45 2 14 5 LOAD NOTES COMMAND OCR AND TEXT 0 45 2 14 6 SAVE NOTES COMMAND OCR AND TEXT SUBMENU 45 2 15 PRINT FILE 46 2 15 1 PRINT SCREEN COMMAND PRINT 8 4 4 44040244 4 0
71. 500 are used in the labeling process R2V uses the closest distance to apply text notes to points A text note is applied to a point when the center point of the text rectangle is the closest to the point Text notes are created automatically using the Vector Convert to Text Notes OCR function or manually using the Edit Text Notes Editor options Point ID values can be edited using the Point Editor options and can be displayed in the IMAGE WINDOW using the View Overlay Point IDs command 6 25 Separate Text Lines command Vector Menu This command separates text lines labeled by text blocks into a new layer You can use the Edit Layer Define command to turn the layer on and off for import export and other processing This command is available only when text blocks exist Use the Detect_Text Blocks command to detect and label text lines 6 26 Decimal IDs command Vector Menu This command turns on and off the use of decimal IDs for line and point labeling When this command is checked decimal points are used for the IDs in labeling and exporting If the option is turned off then only integer numbers are used in ID labeling and vector file exporting 150 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS 6 27 Convert IDs command Vector Menu This command converts the IDs of lines and points to different values It is often used to convert between units for example from English unit to metric unit feet to meters When
72. AND TOOLBARS 50 8 96 4 1 3 STATUS BAR COMMAND TOOLBARS 50 97 4 2 BIRDS EYE WINDOW COMMAND VIEW 1 98 4 3 ZOOM COMMANDS VIEW 0 2 2 98 4 3 1 ZOOM IN COMMAND VIEW 98 4 3 2 ZOOM OUT COMMAND VIEW 4 98 4 4 PAN TOOL COMMAND VIEW MENU scsssscsssscscsscscsccsccesscssesseesssssesceesssssescesssssscsceesnsses 99 4 5 FULL VIEW AND PREVIOUS VIEW COMMANDS VIEW 0 99 4 6 OVERLAY VIEW ccscssscssccsscscscscssccsscssscssscscssssssssssssecssessneesseesecssesscssscssscsssssessessesesens 99 4 6 1 IMAGE COMMAND OVERLAY 8 412 14002002 0000000000000000000000000000000005000000 100 4 6 2 IMAGE ROI COMMAND OVERLAY 80 2 2 2 0000001000000000000000000000000000000 100 4 6 3 LINES COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU 22 2 00 00000 00020000000000000000000000000000000000000000 100 4 6 4 LINE NODES COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU 100 4 6 5 USER COLOR FOR NODES COMMAND OVERLAY SUBMENU 101 4 6 6 LINE ENDS COMMAND OVERLAY 50
73. CTION TO JURISDICTION SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF WARRANTIES SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS OR EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU Term This License is effective as of the time Licensee receives the Software and shall continue in effect until Licensee ceases all use of the Software and returns or destroys all copies thereof or until automatically terminated upon the failure of Licensee to comply with any of the terms of this License 159 LICENSE AGREEMENT General This License is the complete and exclusive statement of the parties agreement Should any provision of this License be held to be invalid by any court of competent jurisdiction that provision will be enforced to the maximum extent permissible and the remainder of the License shall nonetheless remain in full force and effect This License shall be controlled by the laws of State of Massachusetts and the United States of America Rider For U S Governmental Entity Users This is a Rider to the R2V for Windows SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT License and shall take precedence over the License where a conflict occurs 1 The Software was developed at private expense no portion was developed with government funds is a trade secret of Able Software and its licenser for all purposes of the Freedom of Information Act is commercial computer software subject to limited utilization as provided in any contract between the vendor and the governme
74. Dn NAMEn URLn END indicates the end of the file 3 17 Undo Can t Undo command Edit Menu The Undo command is only supported by a limited number of operations such as the Line Editor and the Point Editor operations 92 EDIT MENU COMMANDS Use this command to reverse the last editing action if supported Shortcuts Keys CTRL Z or ALT BACKSPACE lt 3 18 Image Editor Edit Menu This is the same as the Image Pixel Tool under the Image menu See Section 5 5 Image Pixel Tool Image Menu for specific command information 93 VIEW MENU COMMANDS View Menu Commands Control the display of data layers zoom in and out in an IMAGE WINDOW toggle on and of graphics adjust image contrast and switch the display in geo coded coordinate system on and off The View menu offers the following commands Shows or hides the BIRDS EYE WINDOW Zoom In Zooms in a selected image region Hold the left mouse button to drag a selection rectangle and then use this command to zoom in Zooms out a level to see a larger portion of the image Moves around the image window Full View Zooms out to fit the image into the current display window Switches back to the previous view location Toggles and off the display of all available data layers Overlay Image ROI Toggles the display of selected image region of interest ROD Overlay Lines Toggles the display of extracted lines Overlay Line Nod
75. ECTOR 04400 142 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 9 SNAP ENDS COMMAND VECTOR 2 2 1 142 6 10 DELETE LINES BY LENGTH COMMAND VECTOR 143 6 11 DELETE LINES BY ID COMMAND VECTOR 144 6 12 DELETE LINES BY TYPE COMMAND VECTOR 0 4 44 4 4 144 6 13 DETECT INTERSECTION SYMBOLS COMMAND VECTOR 144 6 14 SHRINK INTERSECTION SYMBOLS COMMAND VECTOR 145 6 15 REMOVE INTERSECTION MARKERS COMMAND VECTOR 146 6 16 SELECT CONTROL POINTS COMMAND VECTOR 146 6 17 CREATE POLYGON LAYER COMMAND VECTOR 146 6 18 SPLIT LINES COMMAND VECTOR 1 2 147 6 19 LABEL POLYGONS WITH POINTS COMMAND VECTOR 4 4 147 6 20 SNAP POLYGONS COMMAND VECTOR 148 6 21 DETECT TEXT BLOCKS COMMAND VECTOR 148 6 22 CONVERT TO TEXT NOTES OCR COMMAND VECTOR 149 6 23 APPLY NOTES TO LINES COMMAND VECTOR 150 6 24 APPLY NOTES POINTS COMMAND VECTOR 150 6 25 SEPARATE TEXT LINES COMMAND VECTOR 2 150 6 26 DECIMAL IDS CO
76. GB Gray Scale Conversion submenu This command is used to convert a 24 bit true color image or multi spectral satellite image to an 8 bit grayscale image This command changes the image from a three band RGB color image to a single band grayscale image The color information is lost in this conversion 5 26 3 Convert 8 bit Palette 24 bit RGB Conversion submenu This command converts an 8 bit palette color image to a 24 bit RGB color image Instead of using a color coded palette the new image uses RGB values for each pixel but looks very similar to the previous image The new image is 3 times larger than the palette image Use the File Save Image As command to save the image to a new file 5 26 4 Convert 8 bit Palette Gray Scale Conversion submenu This command is used to convert an 8 bit palette color image to an 8 bit grayscale image The color information is lost in this conversion 5 26 5 Convert 8 bit Palette 1 bit Bi level Conversion submenu This command is used to convert an 8 bit palette color image to a 1 bit bi level monochrome image A selection rectangle should be defined before using this command The selection rectangle is used to indicate the color to be extracted 5 26 6 Convert Gray Scale 24 bit RGB Conversion submenu This command converts an 8 bit grayscale image to a 24 bit RGB color image Instead of using a coded color palette the new image uses RGB values for each pixel but looks v
77. Help function F2 Zoom in This can be used with a selection rectangle drawn using the left mouse button or move the cursor to a specific area to zoom F3 Zoom out 4 Opens the Image Contrast dialog box for grayscale images 5 Shows the image in full view or fits the entire image in the window F6 Goes back to the previous view CONTROL Left Mouse Button Gets the distance measurement to show in the Status Bar at the bottom of the IMAGE WINDOW SHIFT Left Mouse Button Draws a selection rectangle under any editing mode SPACEBAR Finishes a line while using the New Line command t under Line Editor New Line Toggles the Auto Tracing mode on and off under Line Editor New Line Finishes the current line by connecting it to the starting point to make a closed polygon S or 8 under Line Editor New Line Finishes the current line and connects it to another line end that is the closest 54 EDIT MENU COMMANDS CONTROL Z Undo the last editing under the Line Editor BACKSPACE Undo the last addition under the Line Editor New Line 3 3 1 Line Tracing Commands Line Editor submenu 3 3 1 1 New Line command Line Editor submenu VA Use this command to start a new line either manually or semi automatically when the Auto Tracing option is on The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Point the cursor at an image location and click the left mouse button A n
78. ILE MENU COMMANDS The two methods are different in how the projection is done If you are going to use the vector data together with a raster image registered by a TFW image world file and you do not have many control points for example less than 7 the bi linear method may work better for you If you have a lot of control points available and intend to stitch maps together you may want to try the Delaunay triangulation method first as they maintain high accuracy level in areas close to control points If TFW data is available to the image you can use the parameters to geo reference your vector data in a way similar to using control points With TFW a linear transformation is generated and its 6 parameters are saved in an ASCII file Whatever transformation method used to import geo coded vector data you should use the same method to export the data to maintain the alignment of both raster image and vector data layer The ArcView Shape File Export Arc iew Shape File generates three files for a set of vector data with the extensions Apply Control Points p Select Layer shp main shape file shx 4 7 Lines index file and dbf attribute Points file in DBase format Point and BiLinear Notes line data need to be saved to Triangulation separate files using the Shape Use TEW File format Labeled ID values Use Polygon for Closed Lines Vert
79. Line Editor functions Within the Line Editor you can add new lines New Line add nodes Add Node move nodes Move Node delete nodes Delete Node split lines Split Line delete lines Delete Line and delete all lines Delete Lines within a selected region or an entire image Lines can be labeled using the Assign ID option after you set the ID value Set ID Value Various vector data post processing and display functions are available under the Vector menu Step 6 To convert the generated vector data to a certain projection system such as UTM select control points by using the Vector Select Control Points command Select 4 or more control points and specify the destination coordinates NOTE The control points will not be applied to the vector data until the vector data is exported to a vector file The registration is applied only when exporting vector data to a file The raster image can be geo referenced by creating an Image World File using the selected control points Raster images can also be registered or geometrically corrected based on selected control points using the Image Warp command Step 7 Use the File Save Project command to save all your data to an R2V project file If you have done all the processing and editing you can save your vector data by selecting the File Export Vector command The generated vector data can be saved to an Arc Info generate file gen an ArcView Shapefile
80. Low and High image grayscale thresholds See Figure Set Image Thresholds Image pixels with grayscale values between the low and high threshold are displayed as red the rest of the image Low 4 67 is displayed as white Use the scroll bar to High 2 adjust both the low and high threshold values so only those pixels to be Cancel vectorized are displayed in red color If broken lines appear you can make the threshold range wider However it will take a longer time to vectorize if the lines are too thick or merged into other lines because of too wide of a grayscale threshold range After the thresholds are adjusted to the desired range select the OK button to confirm When the Vector Auto Vectorize function is invoked the system will show the option Use Existing Thresholds that allows you to use the defined thresholds This function does not change the image instead it keeps the threshold range for the use of other functions such as the Auto Vectorize command the Line Editor commands and the Conversion commands 5 22 Classification command Image Menu The Classification command is used to classify a color 8 bit and 24 bit or multi spectral satellite image using a clustering algorithm When the Classification command is selected a Color Classification dialog box appears See Figure 128 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS You can specify the Number of Colors and the x
81. MMAND VECTOR 150 6 27 CONVERT IDS COMMAND VECTOR 151 6 28 SELECT LINES BY WIDTH VECTOR 151 CHAPTER 7 WINDOW MENU COMMAND ccssssssssssssssssrsessessesessessssessessssessessssessessssessessssesserers 152 7 1 NEW WINDOW COMMAND WINDOW MENU csssssssssssesssssssessessssessessssessessesesscssssessesees 153 7 2 CASCADE COMMAND WINDOW 153 7 3 TILE COMMAND WINDOW 153 7 4 ARRANGE ICONS COMMAND WINDOW 2 1 153 7 5 1 2 COMMAND WINDOW 153 CHAPTER 8 HELP MENU COMMAND csssssssrsessessrsessessrsessessssessessssessesessessessssessesessessesenseseesers 154 8 1 HELP TOPICS COMMAND HELP MENU cssssssssrssrssssreerssssrsessssssessccerssscssseessesessessesenees 155 8 2 ABOUT R2V COMMAND HELP MENU scssssssssssrssssssssssesscesesssresessnssecsesssesessssesessnesecseses 156 8 3 CONTEXT HELP 1 156 APPENDIX SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT 2 2 1 21 2 158 1 2 E EET T L E 161 10 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL Introduction to R2V and A 30 Minute Tutorial R2V basic concepts data structure and data types layer defin
82. Number of Iterations to run the algorithm Number of Colors 5 In the current version of R2V for Windows the maximum number of classes to be used is limited to 255 and there is no limit on the number of iterations More iterations will increase computation time but may improve the Cancel classification quality To get the boundary from one class simply draw a selection rectangle within the class and then use the Vector Auto Vectorize function with the Boundary Line mode selected in the Vectorize dialog box Use the Center Line mode in the Vectorize dialog box if the line center will be traced Note To avoid excessive fragmentation in the final region map the number of classes should not be specified too big If the image is a scanned map with color lines and you want to extract the lines use the Classification command to classify the image into color classes and then save it to a TIFF file using the File Save Image As command You can then read the file back into R2V and apply the Vector Auto Vectorize command to vectorize one color layer at a time by selecting a color feature region The Classification command changes the image to a single band image It should be saved to an image file if it is going to be used later The classified image is saved as an 8 bit palette color image 5 23 Colorize command Image Menu This command is used to colorize a grayscale image
83. Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 12 5 Remove Block command Text Block Editor submenu This command switches to the Remove Block editing mode that allows you to remove existing text blocks This command removes only the text block markers and has no effect on the vectorized lines or other data The cursor will change to a Delete Cursor Point the cursor within a red box text area marker and click the left mouse button The marker will disappear from the display window Repeat this step to delete other text lines You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 12 6 Group command Text Block Editor submenu This command switches to the Group editing mode that allows you to link individual text blocks into a word or text string group Text blocks within the same group are displayed with a line connecting the centers of the text blocks Grouping indicates that individual characters belong to a word or individual number digits belong to a number and is important for the accuracy of the OCR functions such as Vector Convert to Text Notes OCR When using the Vecto
84. The Status Bar can be toggled on and off by using the View Toolbars Status Bar command 5 5 2 Draw Pixel Value command Image Pixel Tool submenu The Draw Pixel Value command is used for raster image editing and repairing When this command is selected a Define Pixel Value To Draw dialog box appears See Figure The dialog box allows you to define the Pen Size in pixels and the Current Pixel Value Define Pixel Value To Draw Use the Show Pixel Value command to determine a pixel color value if you are not sure what color to use The pen size determines how Pen Size pixels large of an area is to be painted p Current Pixel Value The image type is 1 bit monochrome 1 0 Once all of the parameters are set properly you Value 0 are ready to draw the selected color into the image The Paint Cursor appears in the Define IMAGE WINDOW Move the cursor to a location where you want to start drawing and _ Cancel hold down the left mouse button to draw Release the left mouse button to stop Repeat this process to draw a different image area If you need to change the color and pen size select the Draw Pixel Value command again from the Image Pixel Tool submenu or the floating pop up menu brought up by clicking the right mouse button The Define Pixel Value To Draw dialog box appears and you can change the parameters and draw with a new color and pen size To
85. The estimated data is calculated based on x a least square bi linear transformation Select a control point 0 from the currently selected control points If a control point s specified coordinate is Pixel Coordinate From New Coordinate significantly different from the calculated x 580 x 38242938 coordinate you should check this control point and redefine its location to reduce Y 1747 Y 174 66144 the error r Estimated E 3 4 Use the View Overlay Control Point IDs command to turn on the display of se 0 58236 38301174 control point IDs so you can see which control point is which in the statistics Y 1060 173 60049 dialog box The menu item is grayed out if no control point is present for the current image 3 10 Geo Coordinate Convert Edit Menu The geo coordinate conversion commands are used to convert points in one projection coordinate system to another For example you can convert from a UTM coordinate system to the geography coordinate system latitude longitude or vice versa You can also convert coordinates between the state plane system and the geography coordinate system If you have defined your control points in one coordinate system you can use the conversion commands to convert them to another projection system If conversion between two projection systems cannot be done directly using the commands provided for
86. The image is zoomed to its proper aspect ratio Now you can Zoom In F2 key Zoom F3 key The ARROW keys and the PAGE UP and PAGE DOWN keys can be used to move the zoom window to a different portion of the image If the image is a 1 bit black and white image you can change the display colors using the View Set Image Color If the image is a grayscale image use the View Image Contrast command to change the contrast display Image processing functions can be applied now to improve the quality of the vectorization results Chapter 5 Image Menu Commands explains in detail the specific processing functions under the Image menu Image smoothing Image Smooth can be applied to grayscale images and the despeckle Image Despeckle function can be applied to monochrome images to remove image noise To change image orientation you can use the Vertical Flip Horizontal Flip Rotate for a specified angle Transpose for 90 degree rotations and Resize to change the spatial resolution options under the Image menu If you want to process only a portion of an image you can use the Image Crop Region command to keep only the selected image region and remove the rest or use the Image Region of Interest command If your image is scanned at a very high resolution you can use the Image Resize command to down sample the image and make it smaller for faster processing If image processing functions have been applied to the image you may want
87. Unit Resolution Unit are used for exporting vector data to DXF format when the Paper Space option is selected 5 2 Region of Interest ROI command Image Menu The Region of Interest ROI command includes 3 tools for drawing ROIs You can draw circular rectangular and free form polygon regions for vectorization and image cropping Select one of the drawing tools to start Rectangle Circle and Polygon R2V supports multiple regions so you can define ROIs as separate areas or area with islands or holes When multiple region boundaries are defined caution must be taken to assure a region is to be included or excluded The parity rule is used to determine if an area is inside the ROI or outside the ROI It works like this count the number of boundaries you encounter from the inside area to the outside area If the number is odd then the area is inside the ROI if the number is even the area is outside the ROI Once you are in the ROI editing mode you can use the right mouse button to display the floating pop up menu to switch to a different drawing mode The currently selected drawing mode is shown with a check mark 114 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS When in the polygon drawing mode move the cursor to a position and click the left mouse button to start drawing Move to the next position and click the left mouse button again to confirm the line segment Repeat this to draw the region BACKSPACE lt key will un
88. Y SCALE CONVERSION SUBMENU 0 132 5 26 5 CONVERT 8 BIT PALETTE 1 BI LEVEL CONVERSION SUBMENU cccsssscceceesceceessseecessees 132 5 26 6 CONVERT GRAY SCALE 24 BIT RGB CONVERSION 6 0 132 5 26 7 CONVERT GRAY SCALE 1 BIT BI LEVEL CONVERSION 5 133 5 26 8 CONVERT 1 BI LEVEL 8 GRAY SCALE CONVERSION 0 133 CHAPTER 6 VECTOR MENU 8 2 1 134 6 1 AUTO VECTORIZE COMMAND VECTOR 136 6 1 1 WECTORIZING COLOR IMAGES cccssccessssceceessececsssaececsceecessaececseaaececseseecessaeeeceesaececnuseecseseeeenenaes 137 6 1 2 VECTORIZING GRAYSCALE 5 22 2 2 1 002 0000000000000000000000000080500000 137 6 2 BATCH VECTORIZE COMMAND VECTOR MENU cssscssssssssscsssssssscssscsssssssssssnesssssees 138 6 3 BATCH SCRIPTS COMMAND VECTOR u cccscsssssssssscscscsscscsssscssscssscncssecsncessesseees 139 6 4 INFORMATION COMMAND VECTOR 24 140 6 5 ADJUST ORIENTATION COMMAND VECTOR 0 140 6 6 SMOOTH LINES COMMAND VECTOR 140 6 7 B SPLINE SMOOTH COMMAND VECTOR 141 6 8 SNAP LINES COMMAND V
89. all different Gait items into one file including lines polygons points and text strings Use the DXF Export Options dialog box to select layers for export See Figure The control points must be selected in order to map the vector data into the desired projection system When scanning information is available you can also use the scale of the original paper source as the coordinate system 37 FILE MENU COMMANDS SDL file is supported by MapGuide software and is K used to publish a map on the Lines Don t Apply Internet The SDL Export gt Points Bilinear Cancel Options dialog box appears to allow you to set the necessary Include Layers 4 Apply Control Points Text Triangulation parameters See Figure C Use TFW Find SDA File SDA Path M Merge with Attribute File 3D XYZ File Options x The XYZ file is an ASCII file format where all lines and points are saved as XYZ Points From Apply Control Points 3D points with the labeled ID value as Z value This format is supported by many of the 3D mapping visualization software packages When Triangulation exporting to the XYZ file format the 3D Use TFW XYZ File Options dialog box appears and allows you to set the necessary parameters See Figure Paints Bi Linear If you want to apply registration when exporting you need to select prope
90. alue and then click the Apply button again Be careful not to use too big of a value to avoid incorrect snapping operations When the processing is done click the OK button to confirm the snapping operation If you want to recover your original data without any changes select the Cancel button 142 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS 6 10 Delete Lines By Length command Vector Menu This command removes lines that are shorter than a user specified length threshold Enter Thresholds Apply When the Delete Lines By Length command is Min Max selected a Remove Lines dialog box appears 0 4 See Figure By Length The Threshold is the length in pixels By Number of Nodes Cancel When a selection rectangle is set in the image Lines in selected region you will have the option of applying the command only to the Lines in selected region This command removes lines that are within a user specified threshold range The Min and Max threshold values can be the length of an entire line or the number of nodes on a line The default Threshold values are set for both the Min and Max thresholds Make a selection on whether the threshold values are By Length or By Number of Nodes If this is your first time using the Delete Lines by Length command click the Apply button to try it Removed lines will disappear from the screen when the processing is done Note For maps or drawings with dotted lines a lot of sma
91. an terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 4 9 Reverse command Line Editor submenu Use this command to reverse the direction or order of nodes for a line The cursor will change to a Reverse Tool cursor If a mistake is made use the Edit Undo command or CONTROL Z to recover You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 5 Node Snapping Commands Line Editor submenu 3 3 5 1 Snap To Node command Line Editor submenu Use this command to toggle the Snap To Node mode on and off for the Move Node and New Line functions When the Snap To Node mode is it is checked in both the main menu and the floating pop up menu When using the New Line function and the Snap To Node mode is the last node will snap to the closest node of a line that is next to it when the line is finished When using the Move Node function and the Snap To Node mode is the moved node will snap to the closest node of a line that is next to it when the line is finished 64 EDIT MENU COMMANDS You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floatin
92. and User Manual Software for its intended purposes Licensee agrees that at any one time the Software will be installed on a single computer only If the software is installed on a networked system or on a computer connected to a file server or other system that physically allows shared access to the Software Licensee agrees to provide technical or procedural methods to prevent use of the Software by more than one user 2 One machine readable copy of the Software may be made for BACK UP PURPOSES ONLY and the copy shall display all proprietary notices and be labeled externally to show that the back up copy is the property of Able Software and that use is subject to this License Documentation may not be copied in whole or part 3 Use of the Software by any department agency or other entity of the U S Federal Government is limited by the terms of the below Rider for Governmental Entity Users 158 LICENSE AGREEMENT 4 Licensee may transfer its rights under this license PROVIDED that the party to whom such rights are transferred agrees to the terms and conditions of this License and written notice is provided to Able Software Upon such transfer Licensee must transfer or destroy all copies of the Software 5 Except as expressly provided in this License Licensee may not modify reverse engineer decompile disassemble distribute sub license sell rent lease give or in any other way transfer by any means or in any medium i
93. and how they disappear after being joined Use the Edit Undo command or CONTROL Z to undo the last operation 61 EDIT MENU COMMANDS You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 4 3 Close Line command Line Editor submenu o Use this command to create a closed line or polygon The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor when the Line Editor is in the Close Line editing mode To close a line point the cursor at a line and then click the left mouse button to close it The closed line is then displayed Repeat this step if more lines are to be closed You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 4 4 Copy Line command Line Editor submenu Use this command to copy an existing line and move it to a new location The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor when the Line Editor is in the Copy Line editing mode To copy a line point the cursor at a line Click and hold down the left mouse button to copy and drag the mouse to move it to a
94. anged to a Delete Cursor in this mode To delete an existing control point point at the mark and click the left mouse button The control point mark will disappear after it is deleted You can switch to a different editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Control Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 75 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 8 5 Check command Control Point Editor submenu Use this command to switch to the Check control points mode This option checks a x control point by comparing its entered destination coordinate to the calculated values based on all of the defined control points The residual error is displayed in an R2V for Windows dialog box See Figure Higher residual error indicates the poor quality of the control point selection Destination X 382 429382 Y 174 661438 Source 9898 000000 174 61438 Residual Error X 0 0 0 0 To check a control point point at the control point and click the left mouse button to show the residual error You can switch to a different editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Control Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu b
95. ape command 3D Data submenu Use the File 3D Data Image Drape command to drape the currently displayed image to the currently displayed 3D dataset The image will be used as the surface in the 3D display Use the xl View 3D Setting command in the 3D VIEW WINDOW to choose how the draping should be M Drape On Off done once the image has been draped onto the 3D Mixture On Off Cancel display Drape Setting dialog box appears re ae when you click the Drape Set button in the 3D Setting dialog box See Figure Color GrayScale x If a selection rectangle is present R2V will display a Drape The Selected Image Region Dialog box with the selected Cancel region parameters You confirm modify the 513 859 parameters to adjust region to match the 3D nee tt er dataset If selection 147 rectangle is present the entire image will be used to cover the 3D dataset Any image that can be displayed Drape The Entire Image in R2V can be draped onto the 3D data Before you drape the image make sure the image orientation matches the orientation of the 3D data Use the image orientation adjustment functions under the Image menu if necessary A 3D dataset must be currently present to use this command 42 FILE MENU COMMANDS 3D data file DEM or Grid can be displayed 3D using the File Open 3D File command 2 13 5 Export 3D Model comma
96. be affected by commands you want to apply only to the current layer Use the File Layer Save Layers command to save defined layer data to a layer file Other maps or drawings can share layer data when they have the same layer definition Use the File Layer Load Layers command to load layer data from a layer file 51 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 2 Layer Manipulate command Edit Menu Use this command to copy or move vector data between layers When the Edit Layer Manipulate command is selected the Layer Manipulate dialog box appears See Figure Layers can then be defined and updated using the Edit Layer Define command Layer Manipulate Data Items From To Line Point Text Operation Copy Move Select layers in the FROM list as the source and layers in the list as the destination to move copy Cancel OK When more layers are turned using the On Off button all data within those layers will be active to the display control commands View Overlay editing commands and vector processing commands When a layer is turned off all data within the layer will not be visible and will not be affected by the editing and processing commands When working on a certain layer it is highly recommended to turn the rest of the layers off so they won t be affected by commands you want to apply only to the current lay
97. ble data layers including image data vector data points text control points and other data items The controls affect the display only A data layer for example the image is not removed or changed when its display is turned off using the View Overlay Image option When an overlay item is checked under the menu it means the display is on whether there is data or not The Overlay options are Toggles the display of the background image Image ROI Toggles the display of selected image region of interest ROD Toggles the display of extracted lines Line Nodes Tine Nodes SSCS Toggles the display of line node markers User SS for Nodes Toggles the user specified color for line nodes display on and off Toggles the display of line end point markers User User Color for Ends Toggles the user specified color for line ends display on and off Toggles the display of line IDs 99 VIEW MENU COMMANDS Text Blocks Toggles the display of text block markers Toggles the display of text notes Text TextNoteBoxes Boxes Toggles the display of text note boxes the display of text note boxes Intersection E the display of detected intersection symbol markers 4 6 1 Image command Overlay submenu This command toggles the display of the background image This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing The menu item is checked when
98. button 3 3 2 Line Smoothing Commands Line Editor submenu 3 3 2 1 Line command Line Editor submenu This mode is used to smooth individual lines with the smoothing threshold set using the Set Smoothing command See Section 3 3 8 Set Smooth command The threshold value is in pixels and is similar to the threshold used by the Vector Smooth Lines command The value can be a floating point but must be equal or larger than 0 0 A smaller threshold will result in less smoothing and leave more nodes or vertices for the traced line On the other hand a larger threshold value will result in more smoothing and leave fewer nodes for the line Once in the Smooth Line mode move the cursor to a line and click the left mouse button to smooth This function uses the same smoothing algorithm as the Vector Smooth Lines function but only smoothes selected lines You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 58 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 3 2 2 B Spline Line command Line Editor submenu This mode is used to smooth individual lines using the B Spline method The smoothed line normally has more nodes then the original because of the B Spline interpolation Once in the B Spline Line mode move t
99. cked the node to be moved will snap to the closest end of a line that is next to it You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 60 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 3 3 3 Delete Node command Line Editor submenu Use this command to delete a node of an existing line The cursor will change to Delete Cursor To delete one node point the cursor at a node and click the left mouse button to remove it The system will always remove the closest node to the location clicked When deleting a node try to be as close as possible to the node to be removed To delete nodes within a region hold down both the SHIFT key and the left mouse button to drag and draw a selection rectangle that includes the nodes to be removed Once the rectangle is in place release the SHIFT key and left mouse button Select the Delete Node option again and you will be asked to confirm the removal If the answer is YES all nodes and ends within the selected rectangle will be removed Lines will not be split if both ends are outside the region You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Edito
100. command Control Point Editor submenu Use this command to switch to the mode for adding new control points The cursor is changed to a Cross Cursor in this mode add new control point point at location in the IMAGE WINDOW and then click the left mouse button The X 254 7862396 254 786239624 Control Point dialog box will appear for 4 you to enter the destination coordinates See Figure The current image location is displayed in the dialog box and cannot be changed change the source location you can switch to the Move option under the Control Point Editor to move the control point to the correct location When a new control point is added a control point mark red circle with a cross is displayed at its location m From 1 160 3400573 Y 160 340057373 You can switch to a different editing session by selecting different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 74 EDIT MENU COMMANDS You can terminate the Control Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 8 2 Move command Control Point Editor submenu Use this command to switch to the Move mode for changing the location of an existing control point The cursor is changed to a Move Cursor in this mode To move an existing control point point at t
101. command you wish not to execute the command then release the mouse button while the pointer is off the toolbar button The right area of the Status Bar indicates which of the following keys are latched down Indicator Description CAP The Caps Lock key is latched down NUM The Num Lock key is latched down SCRL The Scroll Lock key is latched down 97 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 2 Birds Eye Window command View Menu Use this command to show or hide the BIRDS EYE WINDOW The BIRDS EYE WINDOW helps you to view the entire raster image and the current display location visible in the IMAGE WINDOW Each raster IMAGE WINDOW has one BIRDS EYE WINDOW where a rectangle is shown to indicate the position and size of the IMAGE WINDOW relative to the entire image See Figure When the raster image is scrolled zoomed in or zoomed out in the IMAGE WINDOW the position and size of the rectangle in the BIRDS EYE WINDOW will update accordingly To scroll the raster image to a desired position using the BIRDS EYE WINDOW quickly you can move the mouse to the BIRDS EYE WINDOW and drag the rectangle to the desired position The IMAGE WINDOW will scroll to the specified location automatically When image data is changed by some image processing functions toggling the BIRDS EYE WINDOW off and on again can refresh the display 4 3 Zoom commands View Menu 4 3 1 Zoom In command View Menu To zoom in on an image area hold the left mouse butto
102. d Image Menu on how to get a subregion for processing Extracted lines can be edited using the Line Editor under the Edit menu and processed using the vector post processing functions under the Vector menu Lines and vector data can be saved to a vector file using the File Export Vector command If registration is needed the Vector Select Control Points command and the Control Point Editor can be used to specify some control points for the mapping 6 2 Batch Vectorize command Vector Menu This command creates and runs a batch job to vectorize a list of raster images This command is suitable for processing large images unattended See Section 6 1 Auto Vectorize command Vector Menu for details on how a single image is vectorized When the Batch Vectorize command is selected a Batch Vectorization dialog box appears See Figure add one or more x image files the Imag Images to be vectorized Source Type to be vectorized list use the Add button When Maps 21 the file Open dialog box Edit Script appears select one file or hold down the CONTROL Delete key to select multiple files H Only binary grayscale Vector for Save Vector File As and color classified Center Line images allowed in the oi batch operation because Boundary Line DXF they normally be MIF MapInfo a
103. d to save the new image to a file 5 15 Merge command Image Menu The commands under the Merge submenu are used to interactively merge another image stored in a file to the current image This creates an image overlay or mosaic The process can be repeated to merge multiple images If your images are in different scales you can define control points using the commands under the Control Point Editor You can then use the Image Warp command to register the image first and finally use the Image Crop Region command to remove unneeded regions before merging them The following are the steps used to merge two images together Step 1 Open the first image using the File Open Image command Step 2 Select Image Merge Open Image command Use the file Open dialog box to open the image you want to merge with the current image Step 3 Once the image is opened it is displayed on top of the current image The image and the overlapped area may look different from the normal display because the second image is inverted to show the overlap Hold down the left mouse button to move the second image to the intended location for the new image and release the left mouse button to confirm the location Step 4 Click the right mouse button to show the Merge options Select the Paste option to paste the second image into the first image If you want to show both images in transparent mode select the Fuse option to combine the two
104. de are trademarks of Autodesk Corp Other brands or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO R2V AND A 30 MINUTE TUTORIAL 4 242 11 1 0 INSTALLATION GUID Bisse 11 INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR R2V LICENSE USING A HARDWARE 00 00 11 1 1 MINIMUM SYSTEM 12 L2 ABOUT RZV cesssscccsscsssscciicscsssstusecsissvecsssseveessusececssbessessnsessessvucbsesstecisuvonscedbscssossescescueasdscsiedesseovecssbeacesss 13 1 3 TECHNICAL 02504855 aaas eS Esos ake 14 L A UPGRADES iesecsisssescsscscctsisesiscesiessodesiesssavseeesesedivessevsscb asessoesascisoessbesdendoessscosebesteeiaassecosededieainossecdsadeeaeese 14 15 1 5 1 IMAGE WINDOWS Sc I ee RE 15 MENUSBAR eared sec Sees SE re I IE 15 15 3 THE FLOATING POP UP MENU 16 TS AHEM QUSEB 16 1 5 5 DRAW A SELECTION RECTANGLE AND MEASURE DISTANCE 16 1526 MOUSE POINTER 17 1527 THE KEYBOARD
105. der Line Editor New Line Finishes the current line and connects it to another line end that is the closest CONTROL Z Undo the last editing under the Line Editor BACKSPACE lt Undo the last addition under the Line Editor New Line 1 5 8 Toolbars At the top of the IMAGE WINDOW there are a number of toolbars for those frequently used R2V functions such as viewing controls editing tools and other functions Moving your mouse over to a tool button for a short moment will bring up a short description of the command Edit 2 View Bar 212 r 18 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL 1 6 Starting to Use R2V in 30 Minutes 1 6 1 Basic Concepts The principle behind the development of R2V for Windows software is to implement a system for you to use quickly The system is very straightforward and intuitive and anyone should be able to get started within 30 minutes Of course the best way to learn R2V is to use it We suggest that you follow this section and go through all the steps with a demo image or your own image We assume the software has already been installed on your hard drive If you have not done so you should do it now R2V is developed using object oriented structure that makes the software highly efficient to process and manipulate both raster and vector data It is important to have a good understanding of how different types of data such as images vector lines p
106. do one step Hit any key keyboard key to close the region When in the rectangle drawing mode move the cursor to a position for the upper left comer of the rectangle Hold down the left mouse button and drag the cursor to a position where the lower right corner of the rectangle is Release the left mouse button and a rectangle boundary will be created Repeat this step to add more rectangles The circle drawing mode is similar to the rectangle drawing mode You need to draw the enclosing rectangle to define the circle Move the cursor to a position for the upper left comer of the rectangle Hold down the left mouse button and drag the cursor to a position where the lower right corner of the rectangle is Release the left mouse button and a circle or ellipse boundary will be created based on the bounding rectangle Repeat this step to add more circles When you are finished select the Done option from the floating pop up menu to exit the Region of Interest ROI command The newly defined region of interest ROI can be removed using the Image Clear All ROIs command Use the View Overlay Image ROI command to toggle the ROI display on and off Once the region of interest is used by the vectorization command it is removed You can set a new region of interest by repeating the above steps 5 3 Crop Image by ROI command Image Menu This command is used to crop an image using defined regions of interest ROD All image
107. e command Text Block Editor submenu Use this command to recover deleted text lines during the same editing session Repeat this command to recover more lines if available You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 12 4 Add Block command Text Block Editor submenu This command switches to the Add Block editing mode that allows you to add new text blocks Text blocks are used for vectorized text line editing OCR signature training and OCR text recognition functions The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor during this editing session Point the cursor at the upper left corner where you want to place a text block click and hold down the left mouse button and move to the lower right corner Once you reach the correct size for the text block release the left mouse button A red box text block marker will be displayed Repeat this process to add more text blocks Use the Remove Block command under the Text Block Editor to delete an existing text block You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 84 EDIT MENU COMMANDS You can terminate the
108. e Move Line 64 Sobel filter 113 Sobel Filter 127 Software License Agreement 158 Split line 147 Split Line 53 61 Split line intersection 146 State Plane 78 State Plane latitude longitude conversion 81 Status Bar 94 97 INDEX T TAB file 39 Technical Support 14 Test OCR 87 text block 88 Text blocks 44 84 Text Notes Editor 89 Text notes Add 89 Text notes delete 90 Text notes modify 90 Text notes move 91 Text notes rotate 91 TFW parameters 36 Tile 152 153 tool bars 18 Toolbar 96 tracing multiple lines 23 53 tracing interactively 56 tracing lines as a group 57 tracing interactive 22 Train OCR 86 Transpose 112 119 triangulation 121 true color 26 tutorial 19 image processing functions 21 TWAIN scanner 46 U Undelete Lines 84 Undelete text lines 84 Undo 67 92 Undo fill color 118 Ungroup text blocks 86 Upgrades 14 Up sampling 121 Use Existing Threshold 136 137 Use Layer Color 108 User Interface 15 USGS DEM 41 UTM 78 UTM Latitude longitude conversion 79 flip and transpose 140 Vector orientation 140 Vector data registration 146 Vector Generalize 140 Vector Information 140 vector labeling 150 Vector menu 134 Vectorize a region 136 Vertical Flip 112 119 View menu 94 Virtual Reality Modeling Language 43 VRML export 43 warp image 121 129 Warp Image 103 Window 1 2
109. e Editor submenu Use this command to add a node to an existing line The cursor will change to Cross Cursor Point the cursor at an image location where you want to add a node to a line and click to add The node should be close to a line so the system knows which line to add the node to If you need to add a node that is not close to the line you should add a node close to the line first and then use the Move Node option to move it to the desired location You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 3 2 Move Node command Line Editor submenu Use this command to move a node of an existing line The cursor will change to a Move Cursor Point the cursor at a node and hold the left mouse button to move When the node is moved to the desired location release the left the mouse button to confirm the new location Repeat this process to move another node If a location on a line does not have a node you need to add a node first using the Add Node option and then move the node to the desired location using the Move Node command If the Snap to Node mode is on checked the node to be moved will snap to the closest node of a line that is next to it If the Snap to End mode is on che
110. e Figure R2 Script Edit Dialog Functions Function Script ImageSetROl ImageFlip ImageT transpose ImageE gradient ImageS mooth Average Save As ImageNegate ImageRotate ImageDespeckle gt gt Open ImageCrop Run on Image ImageResample ImageRemoveB ImageE dge ImagePropagate Edit Command Add Insert Remove Images mooth Average OK Syntax ImageSmooth Median Average Cancel il Click on a function to put the function into the Edit Command box where the exact format and parameters are typed in or modified The syntax of the function is displayed under the box The format of each function must be entered exactly the same way as the 139 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS syntax requires otherwise R2V may be unable to recognize the command and fail to run it during the batch processing When the function is typed correctly in the Edit Command box click the Add button to add the function to the Function Script Use the Insert button to add a command before a selected function in the Function Script list Use the Remove button to remove a function from the Function Script It is highly recommended to have a typical image displayed when defining your batch script so you test the functions you put in Click the Run On Image button to test the functions and their sequence on the current image Use the Save As button to save the function script
111. e File Create 3D Grid File command or imported from other packages that support the grid file format 40 x FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 13 2 Create 3D Grid File command 3D Data submenu Use this command to create a grid file from the labeled line data You must have a line data layer present in your current display window to be able to use this command The line IDs will be used as the height when creating the 3D grid file A Grid Cell Size dialog box appears to allow you to specify the parameters See Figure If you want to change the default grid file name use the Browse button to specify a new file name The Cell Size determines how Rows and Columns will be used ses Browse in the grid data larger cell size will result in a smaller grid file but coarser 3D data and display A smaller cell size will result in a larger grid file size longer Col 143 Row 127 processing time to create and a finer 3D display Cancel The grid file can be displayed 3D using the File Open 3D File command 3D grid data can be used for 3D visualization of your vector data and accuracy verification of the labeled IDs 2 13 3 Create 3D DEM File command 3D Data submenu Use this command to create a DEM digital elevation model file from TE hl the labeled line data 3D DEM file is compatible with the USGS Browse DEM file format oO CellSize
112. e data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 19 Remove Background command Image Menu This command is used to remove or clean up grayscale image background caused by old or dark paper or other factors When this command is ARS selected a Remove Background dialog box appears where you can enter the Thickness of Foreground Thickness of Foreground Features F Fi 1 eatures See Figure fo In Pixels This command enhances the lines and foreground linear features and improves the vectorization accuracy when a dark background exists in an image Cancel The Remove Background command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 126 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 20 Edge Detection Image Menu 5 20 1 Sobel Edge command Edge Detection submenu This command creates an edge enhanced image from the original image using a Sobel edge detector This command works only with grayscale images Other image types such as color images must be converted to grayscale before this command can be used If the edge enhanced image is going to be auto vectorized it is highly recommended to first set the image threshold using the Image Set Image Threshold command See Section 5 21 Set Image Threshold command Image Menu When the thresho
113. e header file You are now able to work with your image data by using the File Open command and selecting the header file type hdr 2 5 Save Project command File Menu Use this command to save an R2V project file prj which includes all the data layers excluding the image you have created using R2V s processing functions As a backup the existing project file is kept with file extension pbk In case you need to go back to a previous project you can change the backup file extension pbk to the project extension prj and then open the file Project files can be opened using the File Open Image or Project command Project files are in binary format and are only used internally by R2V To use data generated in R2V such as lines points or text notes you should use the File Export Vector command 2 6 Close command File Menu Use this command to close all windows containing the active document R2V for Windows suggests that you save changes to your document before you close it If you close a document without saving you lose all changes made since the last time you saved it You can use the File Save Image As command to save the modified image to a new file while the original image is kept the same You can also close a document by using the Close icon on the document s window See Figure 30 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 7 Save Image As command File Menu Use this command to save the current image t
114. e system If your vector data is geo referenced using the Delaunay Triangulation method you need to make corrections to your image as well so it will match the vector data on the target system The Warp command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 122 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 14 Mosaic command Image Menu This command is used to create an image mosaic from multiple images After the Mosaic Mosaic Matrix Layout Image Overlap command is started an Image Has Overlay 8 Number of Images Row 45 Mosaic Dialog box appears to Letea ho allow the entering of mosaic Number of Rows parameters and image file names Top 10 y Images are geo referenced See Figure Number of Images Added 4 The Numbers of Images in a Row and the Number of Rows defines the layout of the image mosaic For example if you have 6 images to be merged together you plan to have 3 images for each row and have 2 rows then the number of images per column is 3 and the number per row is 2 Use the Add Images button to add image files to the list The order of an image in the list determines its location in the final mosaic DA IMAGES A1 tif DA IMAGES A2 tif D IMAGES A3 tif DA IMAGES A4 tif emove Add Images Help Create T Cancel The images different sizes but they must
115. eate Polygon Layer 146 Crop image by ROI 112 115 Crop Region 112 120 138 cross cursor 61 Cross Cursor 17 current layer 50 162 Dash lines 143 decimal IDs 150 Default Layer 49 Delaunay Triangulation 35 82 103 delete cursor 61 63 delete a point 69 70 Delete All Lines 53 63 delete all points within a selected region 69 Delete all text blocks 88 Delete all text lines 84 Delete control point 75 Delete Cursor 17 Delete Line 53 63 Delete Lines By ID 144 Delete Lines By Length 143 Delete Lines By Type 144 Delete Node 53 61 delete nodes in a region 61 Delete Text Block 85 Delete text blocks 86 Delete Text Lines 83 DEM format 41 Deskew 120 despeckle 125 Despeckle 112 De speckle 125 Detect Intersection Symbols 144 Detect text blocks 148 150 Directories 27 32 Dotted lines 143 Down sampling 121 DPI dots per inch 105 draw circles 58 Draw image pixel values 116 draw line image editing 117 draw rectangles 57 58 Drives 27 32 Duplicate Nodes 141 DXF 3D surface 43 E Edge Detection 127 Edge Propagation 127 Edit Attribute File 92 INDEX Edit image pixels 116 117 Edit menu 48 Edit OCR Signatures 88 ellipses 58 Ends color 101 enhance quality of old map 133 Exit 25 47 exit line editor 68 export 3d model 43 export 3D XYZ 43 Export Vector 25 35 63 72 F File GeoTIFF 26 file format
116. ected the OCR Signature dialog box appears See Figure The dialog box shows the list of current OCR signatures and provides options to remove save and load other OCR signatures Some description about the current signature set can be entered in the notes area The notes are kept when the signatures are saved to an OCR file ocr 3 14 Delete Text Blocks command Edit Menu Use this command to remove all text block markers red boxes in the entire image or a selected region if a selection rectangle exists This command removes only the markers and has no effect on the vectorized lines or other data OCR Signature Characters Notes Lo Delete Load EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 15 Text Notes Editor Edit Menu Use the Text Notes Editor On Off command to start the Text Notes Editor With the Text Note Editor you add new text note items delete text note items or modify Draw rectangle in image window Enter Text below existing ones When the tool starts a Note and then press Apply button Dialog box appears for entering modifying text Closing the Text Note Editor or changing to a different editing Use right mouse button to tool will automatically close this dialog PEY change editing modes box The Text Notes Editor options A Add new text notes into the current layer M Delete Delete existing text notes and delete notes in a region if selected
117. ectorizing a predefined region of interest ROI The region has to be selected before you start the Auto Vectorize command To define a region of interest use the Image Region of Interest ROD command You can vectorize a different region by using the vectorization command repeatedly on a different ROI Image Source Select an image source type such as a map or a CAD drawing The vectorization uses optimized methods to process each image type For black and white and most grayscale images use the above options to get the image vectorized However for some grayscale and color images you may need to use some of the advanced features in R2V for Windows to get the optimal vectorization result and therefore reduce the amount of editing required For example you may need to adjust the image threshold value Image Set Image Threshold rather than use the system estimated threshold or you may only need to extract lines from a certain range of gray level values Note The Vector Auto Vectorize function will use some temporary disk space for data swapping so please make sure you have enough space more than the current image file size on the disk drive where your current image is stored If your image is stored on a 136 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS removable disk or on a Read Only drive like a CD ROM you should copy your image to a hard disk drive and then vectorize the image from there If not enough space is available R2V
118. egions One example of this function is the detection and mapping of building roofs within an aerial photo The Segmentation command creates a region segmented image and lines for the region boundaries The vector lines are not yet closed polygons If you need to create a polygon layer from the data it is recommended to clean up the data using the Line Editor options and then use the Vector Create Polygon Layer function to close the lines The Segmentation command works only with grayscale images Other image types such as color images must be converted to grayscale before this command can be used If you want to use the original image as the backdrop when editing vector lines with the Line Editor options you can save your line data to a GEN ARC file gen close the current IMAGE WINDOW open the original image and then import the GEN ARC file gen you just saved The Segmentation command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 131 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 26 Conversion Image Menu 5 26 1 Convert 24 bit RGB Palette Conversion submenu This command is used to convert a 24 bit true color image or multi spectral satellite image to an 8 bit palette image This command changes the image from a three band RGB color image to a single band palette image The color information is kept using a color palette 5 26 2 Convert 24 bit R
119. enu Use this command to save existing text blocks to a text block file Text blocks are regional markers that indicate the extracted lines within each block are from a text character Text blocks should be saved to a file when text editing and OCR functions will be used Text blocks can be generated automatically by using the Vector Detect_Text Blocks command or manually using the Edit Text Block Editor functions Text blocks are used for OCR signature training and converting extracted lines to text strings Vector lines within each text block can be edited using the Edit Text Block Editor options 2 14 3 Load OCR File command OCR and Text submenu Use this command to load OCR signatures from an OCR signature file OCR signatures are used to convert detected text blocks to editable text strings or number strings OCR signatures are saved to a file using the File OCR and Text Save OCR File command OCR signatures are generated interactively using the Edit Text Block Editor Train OCR command OCR signatures generated from a map can be applied to other similar types of maps with text of the same fonts and styles You should generate different sets of OCR signatures if there are texts that are in different fonts and styles within a map Use the File OCR and Text Load OCR File command or Edit OCR Signatures to load different OCR signatures 44 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 14 4 Save OCR File
120. er Use the File Layer Save Layers command to save defined layer data to a layer file Other maps or drawings can share layer data when they have the same layer definition Use the File Layer Load Layers command to load layer data from a layer file 52 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 3 Line Editor Edit Menu Use the Edit Line Editor Line Editor On Off command to start the Line Editor With the Line Editor you can add new lines add a node move a node delete a node assign an ID to one or a group of lines label contour lines highlight a line put a line into a layer delete a line and delete all lines When the tool is started the cursor will change according to the editing mode Use the right mouse button to get the editing pop up menu for options select the editing options from the Edit Line Editor submenu or from the toolbars An option is checked if the corresponding editing mode is currently active When layers are defined it is highly suggested to leave only the layer you are working with on and turn the rest of the layers off If all of the layers are left on then all lines will be available to all the editing options The Line Editor options are Draws circles or ellipses B Spline Line Smoothes individual lines using B Spline Smoothes individual lines Set Smoothing Sets smoothing threshold for auto tracing and multi line tracing Add Node Adds a node to an existing line
121. erlay options to turn it on and off Text Block Editor Starts or stops the Text Block Editor Use the right mouse button to select editing options OCR Signatures Text vector editing functions Delete Text Blocks Deletes all text blocks 48 EDIT MENU COMMANDS Starts the interactive Text Notes Editor Use the right mouse button to select specific text note editing functions Attribute file SDL Undo Ctrl Z Undo the last edit Copy Ctrl C Copies data from the document to the clipboard 3 1 Layer Define command Edit Menu Layer Management Flag Line On Off All On Off Current Lock Unlock Color LineType FillHatch Delete Rename Add Layer Use this command to define new layers update existing layers or set the status of existing layers After the Edit Layer Define command is selected the Layer Management dialog appears See Figure R2V always has a default layer with the name 0 zero This layer will always exist and can t be deleted or changed When adding a new layer to the current layer list type the name of the new layer in the edit box and then select the Layer button to confirm The new layer will be added to the layer list 49 EDIT MENU COMMANDS To define a color for a layer first select a layer by highlighting it in the layer lis
122. ery similar to the previous image The new image is 3 times larger than the palette image You can use the Edit Image Editor to put colors into the image Use the File Save Image As command to save the image to a new file 132 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 26 7 Convert Gray Scale 1 bit Bi level Conversion submenu This command is used to convert 8 bit grayscale image to a 1 bit bi level image If no threshold is selected an optimal threshold is estimated based on the grayscale image histogram and then applied to convert the image to 1 bit bi level 0 and 1 If a threshold is selected by using the Image Set Image Threshold you will be asked whether you want to apply the existing threshold or let the system estimate the optimal threshold Select the Yes button if you want to use the selected threshold If a selection rectangle exists you will have the option to use the area as a training area for the conversion The pixels within the selected region will be used to generate a grayscale range and all values within the range will be mapped as black in the final binary image This command can be applied as an enhancement tool to improve the quality of some old documents or maps where the scanner fails to do a good job when scanning as 1 bit bi level image 5 26 8 Convert 1 bit Bi level 8 bit Gray Scale Conversion submenu This command is used to convert a 1 bit bi level image to 8 bit gray scale image The
123. es Toggles the display of line node markers Overlay User__Color for Toggles the user color for line nodes display on and off Nodes Overlay Line Ends Toggles the display of line end point markers 94 VIEW MENU COMMANDS Overlay User Color for Toggles the user color for line ends display on and off Ends Toggles the display of line IDs Toggles the display of point IDs Toggles the display of control point IDs Toggles the display of Delaunay Triangulation Overlay Intersection Toggles the display of detected intersection symbol Symbols markers Resize Workspace Changes the size of a workspace for vector data display editing and merging It is only available when no image is present in the IMAGE WINDOW Geo Coded Coordinates Switches the current cursor position display between the image pixel coordinate system and the geo coded image coordinate system It is enabled when control points are specified or TFW parameters are available Paper Space Coordinates Turns on paper space coordinate display It is available when image resolution dpi parameters are defined Image Contrast Adjusts the display contrast of the current image This function is used for grayscale images only Image Palette Displays and modifies the current image palette Set Image Color Defines the foreground and background display colors for a binary ima
124. essed image files using the File Import Raw Image command A header file hdr is created for reading a raw image file The project file prj is in a binary format that stores all vector data and parameters generated in R2V The raster image itself is not saved in the project file only the file path to the image is saved Once a project is saved you should keep the image at the same location so when the project is opened the image will be found and displayed Shortcuts Keys CTRL O directly brings up the Open dialog box 2 1 1 File Open dialog box The File Open dialog box will appear when certain commands are selected It allows you to specify which file to open 26 FILE MENU COMMANDS Look in Gj DEMOIMGS e Ee AIRBNS TIF VW 860 TIF gas ti WASHCOMP TIF UNCLASSE TIF File name Files of type Image Files x Cancel Image Files 2 TIFF Files Project Files prj BMP Files JPEG Files jpa GIF Files aif RLC Files PNG Files Raw Images All Files 55 File Name Type or select the filename you want to open This box lists files with the extension you select in the Files of Type box List Files of Type Select the type of file you want to open The currently supported image file formats are TIFF tif Windows BMP bmp JPEG jpg GIF gif rlc PNG png and other raw image formats
125. ession will not be interrupted To measure length or distance hold down the CONTROL key and press the left mouse button and drag to draw a line The length of the line is displayed in real time in the Status Bar at the bottom of the IMAGE WINDOW 16 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL 1 5 6 Mouse Pointer Tools Arrow Cursor The Arrow Cursor allows you to select items and draw a selection rectangle on the screen The Arrow Cursor is the default mouse pointer for R2V for Windows Cross Cursor The editing tools such as the Line Editor and the Control Point Editor use the Cross Cursor The Cross Cursor normally indicates the session of adding or modifying Move Cursor The Move Cursor is used by the editing tools such as the Line Editor and the Control Point Editor When the Move Cursor appears it normally indicates that you can drag an editing object and move it To drag an object hold down the left mouse button move the object to the desired location and release the mouse button to confirm Delete Cursor 2 4 The Delete Cursor is used by the editing tools such as the Line Editor and the Control Point Editor When the Delete Cursor appears it normally indicates that you can delete an editing object by pointing at the object and clicking the left mouse button ID Cursor is used by the Line Editor to assign or label generated lines When the ID Cursor appears it indicates tha
126. et ID Display Color dialog box will appear See From 0 gt gt Figure This command only changes the colors of To points within the current layer change colors 2 for other layers simply set a layer as current and Color then apply this command again Define The color be saved for later use or used for other data sets Cancel Open Save As ik ELE 4 16 Fonts View Menu 4 16 1 Font for Line IDs command Fonts submenu This command defines the font and size used for displaying line IDs The font information is saved to the project file if one is created The font is used in later session when the project file is opened When the Font for Line IDs command is selected a Font dialog box appears See Figure Font Font style The menu item is grayed out if no Regular ondensed lines have been O Arial Cancel Italic vectorized O Arial Black Bold O Arial Narrow Bold Italic Arioso Blippo Blk BT O Book Antiqua Effects Sample Strikeout Underline Color Black v Script 110 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 16 2 Font for Point IDs command Fonts submenu This command defines the font and size used for displaying point IDs The font information is saved to the project file if one is created The font is used in later session when the project file is opened When the Font for Poin
127. ew segment will be added to the current line and a rubber band line will follow the current cursor location to indicate the line segment to be selected Repeat this step to draw the entire line until all the segments are drawn When the line is completed hit any key except the C key and the S key or select the New Line command again to finish If the C key is used the line is finished as a closed polygon If the S key is used the line will snap to another line that is closest to it Repeat the process to add another line For semi automatic interactive line tracing use the Auto Tracing command The traced line is always put into the current layer To create lines for a different layer you need to set the new layer as current by selecting the layer from the toolbar or using the Edit Layer Define command While tracing a line you can use the ARROW KEYS or the PAGE UP and PAGE DOWN keys to scroll within the image or move to a different image area If the Snap to Node mode is on checked then the first and last point of the currently added line will snap to the closest node of a line that is closest to it If the Snap to End mode is on checked then the first and last point of the currently added line will snap to the closest end of a line that s next to it Use the Edit Undo or CONTROL Z to undo the current operation You can switch to a different editing session by selecting a different
128. ference aerial photos or satellite imagery and update your existing vector data sets using the latest aerial photos or other images R2V for Windows is very easy to use The basic conversion and editing functions can be learned quickly for users of any level of technical background After the installation please follow the steps in Section 1 6 Learn R2V for Windows in 30 Minutes to see how easy a scanned image can be converted to vectors using R2V for Windows software 13 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL 1 3 Technical Support Able Software provides unlimited technical support to users of its products within one year of purchase at no additional charge For information on extended technical support and upgrades please contact Able Software s sales department For technical support or to submit comments and suggestions please contact us by email support ablesw com Fax 781 862 2640 Phone 781 862 2804 or by regular mail Customer Support Dept Able Software Corp 5 Appletree Lane Lexington MA 02420 2406 USA On Able Software s Website http www ablesw com we have pages dedicated to technical support and upgrade information Please visit our site to get the latest information on new releases and availability of new upgrades You can also contact the distributor from whom you purchased the software for both technical and non technical information 1 4 Upgrades The latest R2V upgrades and new updates are available by d
129. file nts Text notes can be exported to some of the supported vector file formats such as DXF dxf and MIF mif 2 14 6 Save Notes command OCR and Text submenu Use this command to save text notes to a text note file Text notes are used for vector labeling and annotation purpose Text notes can be read back into R2V using the File OCR and Text Load Notes command Text notes can be generated in two ways One way is automatic conversion by recognizing text from the scanned image using R2V s OCR engine Vector Convert to Text Notes OCR Another way is to use R2V s Text Notes Editor under the Edit menu The Text Notes Editor allows you to generate text notes interactively Text notes can only be loaded from R2V s text note file nts Text notes can be exported to some of the supported vector file formats such as DXF dxf and MIF mif 45 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 15 Print File Menu Under the File Print menu a number of options are available You can print your images or data files Print you can adjust your print setup Print Setup you can preview an image or other data file Print Preview you can print an entire R2V screen Print Screen and print an R2V window Print Window 2 15 1 Print Screen command Print submenu Use this command to print a screen dump on your default printer Make sure the printer is turned on and set up properly before usin
130. file dialog box appears so you can enter an image filename to store the output image When the command is done use the File Open Image command to display 2 12 Control Point File Commands 2 12 1 Save Control Points command File Menu Use this command to save the currently selected control points to a control point file The control point file is in ASCII format with a file extension cpt and can be edited using a text editor if needed Normally you should use the Vector Select Control Points option to select control points and make modifications A control point is displayed as a circle in red 2 12 2 Load Control Points TFW command File Menu Use this command to load a control point file cpt a world file tfw or a MapInfo TAB file for geo referencing the current vector set or raster image The control point file is in ASCII format with a file extension cpt The TFW file is in ASCII format which includes the geometric transformation parameters After the control points are loaded they are displayed as circles in red and can be modified using the Vector Select Control Points option The control points or TFW data can then be used to register the vector data when exporting to a vector file When control points or TFW data exist for the current IMAGE WINDOW the display of the mouse location at the bottom in the Status Bar can be switched between image pixel coordinate and geo coded coordinate using
131. from an OCR file using the File OCR and Text Load OCR File command the Edit OCR Signatures command You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 12 9 Test OCR command Text Block Editor submenu This command switches to the Test OCR mode that helps to check the accuracy of the current OCR signatures The cursor is changed to a Cross Cursor during the testing session Point the cursor at a text block and click the left mouse button The detected symbol code such as A B or 0 1 2 is displayed in the Status Bar at the bottom of the IMAGE WINDOW If some characters cannot be identified correctly you should remove the existing signatures for this character and retrain it Multiple signatures for the character may be needed You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 87 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 13 OCR Signatures command Edit Menu When the OCR Signatures command is sel
132. g pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 5 2 Snap To End command Line Editor submenu Use this command to toggle the Snap To End mode on and off for the Move Node and New Line functions When the Snap To End mode is it is checked in both the main menu and the floating pop up menu When using the New Line function and the Snap To End mode is the first and last node will snap to the end of a line that is next to it When using the Move Node function and the Snap To End mode is the moved node will snap to the closest end of a line that is next to it when the line is finished You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 5 3 Snap To Line command Line Editor submenu Use this command to toggle the Snap To Line mode on and off for the Move Node and New Line functions When the Snap To Line mode is it is checked in both the main menu and the floating pop up menu When using the New Line function and the Snap To Line mode is the first and last node will snap to the closest l
133. g Windows NT 2000 or XP you need to login to the system as a system administrator or with all the ADMINISTRATOR permissions to install device drivers before you start the following steps The license key driver is normally installed automatically If not please install it using the following steps 1 You can use Start Programs R2V Install Hardware Key Driver to install the driver automatically Or you can run hdd32 exe from R2V program folder directly 2 Plug the hardware key to the USB port on your PC 1 1 Minimum System Requirements Operating Systems Windows 2000 XP Vista or later RAM Minimum 128 MB 512 or more is highly recommended if large size images are processed e HARD DISK 30 MB for the software and extra space to store your scanned images e DISPLAY 16 bit color SVGA or better 12 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL 1 2 About R2V R2V for Windows is an advanced raster to vector conversion software system The system combines the power of intelligent automatic digitizing technology with an easy to use menu driven graphical user interface in the Microsoft Windows environment The software provides fully automatic raster to vector conversion to handle several types of images as well as a powerful and flexible vector editor using the scanned image as a backdrop Because of its flexibility and high accuracy the software is well suited for applications in Geographic Information Systems GIS Mapping C
134. g this function 2 15 2 Print Window command File Menu Use this command to print the currently active IMAGE WINDOW on your default printer Make sure the printer is turned on and set up properly before using this function 2 16 Scan Commands 2 16 1 Select Scanner command File Menu R2V supports the standard TWAIN interface If a scanner is TWAIN compatible it can be used to scan images into R2V for vectorization and other processing To select a scanning device 1 On the File menu click Select Scanner 2 Click the scanner you want to use and confirm 2 16 2 Scan Image command File Menu R2V supports the standard TWAIN interface and can use any scanner that s compatible with the standard To acquire a new image document 1 Under the File menu click Scan Image 2 Follow the instructions on the screen See your scanner or camera documentation for more scanner specific information 3 The scanned image will be displayed in an IMAGE WINDOW for vectorization and processing You should save the image to a file if you need to keep a copy 46 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 17 1 2 3 4 command File Menu Use the numbers and filenames listed at the bottom of the File menu to open the last four images you closed Choose the number that corresponds with the image you want to open 2 18 Exit command File Menu Use this command to end your R2V for Windows session You can also use the Close command on the application Con
135. ge Use Layer Color Applies the layer colors to all data items within the layer Set Line Color by ID Sets the display colors for all lines in the current layer using ID values Set Node Color Sets a user specified color for the display of line nodes Set End Color Sets a user specified color for the display of line ends Fill Polygons Toggles the polygon fill mode on and off Set Point Color by ID Sets the display colors for all points in the current layer using ID values 95 VIEW MENU COMMANDS Font for Line IDs Defines the font and size for the line ID display Font for Point IDs Defines the font and size for the point ID display Font for Text Notes Defines the font and size for the text note display 4 1 Toolbars View Menu 4 1 1 View Bar command Toolbars submenu Use this command to display and hide the View Bar The View Bar includes buttons for some of the most common commands for opening and saving files displaying layer controls and image zoom in and zoom out Move your mouse to a toolbar button and stay there for a few seconds to see the tool tip The tool tip tells what command is associated with the button See Figure AAY Blas RE A check mark appears next to the menu item when the View Bar is displayed v View Bar Tool Bar Status Bar 4 1 2 Tool Bar
136. ge Save Project Saves the current project Save Image As Saves an opened image to a specified file name Save World File Saves an Image World File TFW or TAB file using the selected control points for an image It is used to geo reference the image Saves the currently active window Send Mail Opens up an Outlook Express window to send an email Saves defined layers to a layer file Loads layers from a layer file Import Vector Opens an existing line or point file for display or editing An existing vector file can be merged to the currently displayed vector data set using this command 24 FILE MENU COMMANDS Import Geo Coded Vector Opens a geo coded line or point file for display and editing Can be used to update an existing dataset using a new raster image source Export Vector Saves the currently generated line and or point data to a vector file If control points are selected registration can be applied when exporting Saves the currently generated vector data to a raster image file for geo referencing Save Control Points Saves selected control points to a file Open 3D File Opens a grid or DEM file for 3D display Create 3D Grid File Creates a 3D grid dataset from the labeled line data and save to a grid file Create 3D DEM File Creates a 3D DEM file from the labeled line data Export 3D Model Exports the surface of a 3D model to a polygon or
137. he cursor to a line and click the left mouse button to smooth This function uses the same smoothing algorithm as the Vector B Spline Smooth function but only smoothes selected lines Use the Edit Undo command or CONTROL Z to undo the smoothing operation You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 2 3 Set Smoothing command Line Editor submenu This option is used to set the smoothing threshold value used by the Auto Tracing Multi Line Trace and Smooth Line Smoothing Threshold pixels Cancel commands under Line _ Editor r submenu When the Set Smoothing command is selected an Auto Tracing Parameters dialog box appears See Figure The threshold value is in pixels and is similar to the threshold used by the Vector Smooth Lines command The value can be a floating point but must be equal or larger than 0 0 A smaller threshold will result in less smoothing and leave more nodes or vertices for the traced line On the other hand a larger threshold value will result in more smoothing and leave fewer nodes for the line 59 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 3 3 Node Editing Commands Line Editor submenu 3 3 3 1 Add Node command Lin
138. he floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 15 5 Rotate command Text Notes Editor submenu This command switches to the Rotate editing mode that allows you to adjust the orientation of a text note The cursor will change to a Move Cursor during this editing session Point the cursor close to a text note press down the left mouse button and drag to set the orientation Repeat this process to adjust other text notes or text labels Use the Delete option under the Text Notes Editor to delete an existing text note or use the Add option under the Text Notes Editor to add a new text note To adjust the orientation switch to the Move mode under the Text Notes Editor You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Notes Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 15 6 Set Layer command Text Notes Editor submenu This command switches to the Set Layer editing mode that allows you to put a text note into the current layer First set the current layer to the correct layer you want to put data into Then move the mouse cursor to a text note and click the left mouse button within the rectangle to select it into the current layer 91 EDIT
139. he mark hold down the left mouse button and drag to the desired location This operation only changes the source location but the specified destination coordinates are not changed Use the Modify option under the Control Point Editor to change the destination coordinates You can switch to a different editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Control Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 8 3 Modify command Control Point Editor submenu Use this command to switch to the Modify mode for changing the destination coordinates of existing control points The cursor is changed to a Cross Cursor in this mode To modify an existing control point point at the mark and click the left mouse button The Control Point dialog box will appear to allow changing the coordinate value You can switch to a different editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Control Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 8 4 Delete command Control Point Editor submenu Use this command to switch to the Delete mode for deleting existing control points The cursor is ch
140. hin an image area to let R2V find the grayscale range automatically The values will be Cancel displayed the Min box and be modified if needed Current Pixel Value The Map Pixel Value command is often used for global image pixel editing and removing undesired colors or pixel values Map Pixel Pixel Values to be Mapped r Value Min Max 117 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 5 5 Fill Color command Image Pixel Tool submenu This command changes the Image Editor to the fill area mode which will flood fill a selected image area with a Pixel Value user defined color When the Fill Cancel Color command is selected a Define Pixel Value dialog box appears to define the pixel value or color to be used for the area flood fill See Figure The cursor will be changed to the Area Fill Cursor To fill an area move the cursor to a pixel within the area and click the left mouse button to start the process All pixels with the same color in the area will have a new color when it is done To undo the process use the Edit Undo command CONTROL Z or select the Undo command from the floating pop up menu This function is useful for the processing of certain raster images such as parcel maps or images with a lot of connected polygons For example if you have a 1 bit monochrome parcel map you can use the fill area to remove
141. his command toggles the display of text block markers red boxes on and off Text block markers are detected using the Vector Detect Text Blocks command This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing Text blocks can also be generated or edited using the Text Block Editor The menu item is checked when text block markers are displayed The menu item is grayed out if no text blocks are available for the current session 4 6 16 Text Notes command Overlay submenu This command toggles on and off the display of text notes detected using the Vector Convert to Text Notes OCR command This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing Text notes can also be generated using the Text Notes Editor The menu item is checked when text notes are displayed The menu item is grayed out if no text notes are available in the current session 103 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 6 17 Text Note Boxes command Overlay submenu This command toggles on and off the display of text note boxes This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing Text note boxes can be edited using the Text Notes Editor The menu item is checked when text note boxes are displayed The menu item is grayed out if no text note boxes are available in the current session 4 6 18 Intersection Symbols command Overlay submenu This command toggles on and off the display of detected i
142. ht size When selecting the region try to select a region that is homogeneous and representative of the color feature you want to extract Do some experiments on a sub region to find a region that works well and then apply it when working with the entire image Note You need to select the Use Existing Threshold check box in the Vectorize dialog box The Vector Auto Vectorize option is normally disabled when lines are generated for the safety of existing data To enable the function you need to remove all the lines Use the Vector Delete Lines commands the Delete All Lines function under the Line Editor for this purpose If many lines are connected when they are actually separate you can follow the above steps with a lower image threshold 6 1 2 Vectorizing Grayscale Images For a grayscale image if you need to get the center lines or boundary lines extracted from a certain range of grayscale levels you can treat the grayscale image the same as a color image by selecting a rectangle in the image to indicate the training area The image pixels in the selected area are used to estimate the grayscale range and only image pixels within the range are vectorized If you see many broken lines after vectorization you may need to raise the threshold higher and then vectorize the image using the new threshold 137 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS Note This feature does not apply to bi level images See Section 5 11 Crop Region comman
143. ia Clarke 1866 6378206 4 294 9786982 69 4 0 37264639 Clarke 1880 6378249 145 293 465 112 145 0 54750714 Everest 6377276 345 300 8017 860 655 0 28361368 Fischer 1960 6378166 0 298 3 29 0 0 00480795 Mercury Fischer 1968 6378150 0 298 3 13 0 0 00480795 GRS 1967 6378160 0 298 247167427 23 0 0 00113048 GRS 1980 6378137 298 257222101 0 0 0 00000016 Helmert 1906 6378200 0 298 3 63 0 0 00480795 Hough 6378270 0 297 0 133 0 0 14192702 International 6378388 0 297 0 251 0 0 0 14192702 Krassovsky 6378245 0 298 3 108 0 0 00480795 Modified Airy 6377340 189 299 3249646 796 811 0 11960023 Modified Everest 6377304 063 300 8017 832 937 0 28361368 Modified Fischer 6378155 0 298 3 18 0 0 00480795 1960 South American 6378160 0 298 25 23 0 0 00081204 79 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 1969 WGS 60 6378165 0 298 3 28 0 0 00480795 WGS 66 6378145 0 298 25 8 0 0 00081204 WGS 72 6378135 0 298 26 2 0 0 0003121057 WGS 84 6378137 0 298 257223563 0 0 0 0 The following steps are used to convert a point from latitude longitude to a UTM coordinate Step 1 Select the reference ellipsoid from the geodetic datum list Step 2 Enter the Latitude and Longitude values in the edit boxes The latitude and longitude are in decimal degrees East Longitudes are positive and west longitudes are negative North latitudes are positive and south latitudes are negative Step 3 Click the LL to UTM button to do the co
144. ical Fli are kept and saved the er Cancel corresponding attribute file dbf Text notes are exported as a point layer with the text stored in the database table Check the Text Notes option if you need to export the text notes If you have created a polygon layer you should use Edit Layer Define to turn off all layers except the polygon layer and then export Otherwise all layers will be exported to the same shapefile x The Arc Info generate file is an ASCH file and used for both import and export by R2V Points and lines are saved in separate r Apply Control Points C Don t Apply files The point file has an extension pnt Bi Linear Text data is not supported by this format Triangulation The MapInfo mif file save all FO Use TW different items into one file including Vertical Flip tance lines polygons points and text strings Use the MIF File Parameters dialog box to select layers for export Because MIF supports many projection systems make sure the projection system parameters are set properly When in doubt you can try to export your vector data to a Latitude Longitude 36 FILE MENU COMMANDS projection system which does not need the projection parameters The control points must be selected in order to map the vector data to latitude and longitude coordinate system MIF File Parameters Mercator 10 62 0 The DXF file can save
145. images Other image types must be converted to binary or monochrome first if despeckle or noise removal needs to be done The Despeckle command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 18 Smooth Image Menu 5 18 1 Average Filter command Smooth submenu This command is used to smooth the raw image when the image is so noisy that the automatic vector extraction function is greatly affected The smoothing function uses an average filter 3x3 and it can be applied multiple times if needed The Smooth Average Filter command works only with grayscale images If an image is in color you can convert it to grayscale first and then use this command The Smooth Average Filter command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 125 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 18 2 Median Filter command Smooth submenu This command is used to smooth the raw image when the image is so noisy that the automatic vector extraction function is greatly affected The smoothing function uses a median filter and it can be applied multiple times if needed The Smooth Median Filter command works only with grayscale images If an image 15 in color you can convert it to grayscale first and then use this command The Smooth Median Filter command changes the raw imag
146. in Lines command Line Editor SUBMENU 61 3 3 4 3 Close Line command Line Editor submenu 62 3 3 4 4 Copy Line command Line Editor SUBMENU 62 3 3 4 5 Move Line command Line Editor 62 3 3 4 6 Delete Line command Line Editor 63 3 3 4 7 Delete All Lines command Line Editor 63 3 3 4 8 Intersection Symbol command Line Editor 64 3 3 4 9 Reverse command Line Editor 64 3 3 5 NODE SNAPPING COMMANDS LINE EDITOR SUBMENU cccsssseceessececeensececeeseececseeecsesaesessseaeenens 64 3 3 5 1 Snap Node command Line Editor submenu 64 3 3 5 2 Snap To Line Editor 65 3 3 5 3 Snap To Line command Line Editor 65 3 3 5 4 Snap Distance command Line Editor submenu 65 3 3 6 LINE LABELING COMMANDS LINE EDITOR SUBMENU 66 3 3 6 1 Label Contours command Line Editor 66 3 3 6 2 Highlight Line command Line Editor 66 3 3 6 3 Set Layer command Line Editor 67 3 3 7 FORM POLYGON COMMAND LINE EDITOR
147. ine that is next to it When using the Move Node function and the Snap To End mode is the moved node will snap to the closest line that is next to it when the line is finished You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 5 4 Snap Distance command Line Editor submenu Use the Snap Distance command to interactively set the desired distance for line snapping When this command is selected Enter Snap Distance in Pixels 20 the Snap Distance dialog box will appear See Figure The snap distance is measured in pixel units 65 EDIT MENU COMMANDS You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 6 Line Labeling Commands Line Editor submenu 3 3 6 1 Label Contours command Line Editor submenu Use this command to start the contour labeling session The values x assigned to the lines are stored as their IDs The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Total of selected lines 1 Starting
148. ingle unit of a polygon boundary For lines that cannot be split by the Split Lines command under the Vector menu use the Line Editor Split Line command 6 19 Label Polygons with Points command Vector Menu This command labels closed polygons or all lines with the ID values derived from the current point data layer When the Label Polygons with Points command is selected a Label Polygons with Points dialog box appears See Figure 147 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS The default setting in the dialog box is to label the Closed Polygons Only Select the All Lines option if you want to label all of the lines in the line layer If a point is located inside a closed polygon then its ID value is assigned to the polygon If no point exists inside the polygon then the closest point is used to supply the ID value For an open end line the closes point is used to get the ID value for jee labeling Closed Polygon Only Cancel If multiple points exist polygon the first point found in the point data layer is used for labeling If this happens check the polygon ID values using the Highlight Line option under the Line Editor 6 20 Snap Polygons command Vector Menu When polygons are created using the Vector Auto Vectorize command with the Boundary Line mode highlighted there may be a one pixel gap between common polygon boundaries This is correct because the tracing algorithm used by R2V traces
149. intensive editing 3 3 9 Done command Line Editor submenu Use this command to exit the Line Editor 3 3 10 Auto Line IDs command Edit Menu Use this command to assign a unique ID to each line When the Auto Line IDs command is selected x the ID Range Dialog box appears See Figure The Starting ID and the Increment Value can be Starting ID 0 specified in the ID Range Dialog box The IDs be changed using the Line Editor increment ake This function works in a random fashion and M Assign IDs to unlabeled items only should not be used when specific IDs need to be Cancel assigned to specific lines 3 4 Line Attributes command Edit Menu Use this command to add new and edit existing attributes to lines EN Number Location ID al Add Column 1 739 722 0 1382 2 776 740 0 1382 _Del Column 3 679620 0 1438 ae 4 703 606 0 1466 5 677 03 0 1438 Find 6 688 692 0 1466 7 690 516 0 1429 Replace 8 1047 730 0 1354 as 9 921 511 01410 a 10 935 539 0 1429 print 11 1066 865 0 1438 12 1043854 0 1547 13 1018 780 0 1573 14 835 811 0 1382 68 EDIT MENU COMMANDS The Number and Location columns are derived from the lines and cannot be changed The ID column can be edited by entering new values in the table This column is the default attribute of lines that cannot be deleted The Add Column button adds a new column to the table f
150. ion dialog box appears to allow you to fine tune or update the selected region Four parameters Left and Right in the horizontal or column direction Top and Bottom in the vertical or row direction are used in this operation The values are in pixel coordinate Click the OK button to confirm the cropped region The original image file is not affected by the Crop Region command The subregion should be saved to a separate image file if vector data is generated using the subregion This command is often used to cut off the extra portions from an image to avoid editing any lines generated from those areas 120 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 12 Resize command Image Menu This command resizes the image by using an increasing or decreasing resampling factor When the Resize command is selected an Image Resampling dialog box appears See Figure Image Resampling The image size is either reduced enlarged by the specified Re Sampling Current Size Re Sampling Factor Factor in both the column and row Cols 1185 gt dimensions The image type bi level Rows 738 grayscale or color remains the same but Down Sample the size is different Size 109962 Up Sample Although down sampling an image New Size i reduce the total image size significantly 424 you should examine the image quality Rows 369 carefully if the image is going to be Size 27306 Poa
151. itions user interface and simple steps to get started 1 0 Installation Guide If the PC has multiple user set up please logon as the user who will use R2V on this PC R2V license works only with the user profile who has validated the license If you have a software installation CD please insert the CD to start the installation process You can also download the installation file from this link skip this step if you already have the trial version installed http www ablesw com r2v r2vsetup exe Run r2vsetup exe and follow the on screen instructions to install The first time you run R2V a License Validation dialog box will appear Please use the Validate License button to email the user key file located in the R2V program folder to license ablesw com to receive a license key file Save the license key to your R2V program folder to complete the license validation process You can also access the License Validation dialog box using the Help License Validate License command Please note without a validated license R2V will run in demo mode and the file exporting functions will be limited to the demo images or images smaller than 256 by 256 in pixels Installation Guide for R2V License Using a Hardware Key The following steps are required to install the USB hardware key Label RQMOQ and its device driver to enable the software 11 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL NOTE If you are usin
152. kup project file 30 Batch Job 134 138 batch script 134 139 batch script create 139 batch script use 139 Batch Vectorize 134 138 bi level 26 bi linear 35 bi linear transform 121 Birds Eye 98 black white 136 Boundary Line 136 B Spline smooth line 59 B Spline smoothing 53 B Spline smooth 141 key to close 56 57 Cascade 152 153 cell size 3D grid 41 Center Line 136 change image color 108 change monochrome display color 108 circles 58 Classification 128 INDEX classified color image 137 classify 128 Clear ROI 115 Close 30 Close Line 53 62 Closed Polygons 109 clustering 128 Color layer 108 color combination 131 color image 137 color image fusion 131 color image 24 bit 8 bit 137 color lines 129 Color separation 132 color layer 50 Color line ends 101 Color line nodes 101 Color lines 109 Color points 110 colorize grayscale image 129 Context Help 156 Contrast 95 Contrast Adjustment Dialog Box 105 control point 146 Control Point Dialog Box 77 Control Point Editor 48 74 Control Point Statistics 78 control point check 76 control point check residual error 76 control point pick point 76 control point state plane 81 control points 32 34 121 135 control points UTM 80 Convert 8 bit Palette to 1 bit bilevel 132 convert IDs 151 Convert to Text Notes 149 coordinate system paper space 105 Copy 49 Copy Line 53 62 Cr
153. l point markers for all user selected control points This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing The menu item is checked when control point markers are displayed The menu item is grayed out if control point data is not available in the current session 102 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 6 13 Control Point IDs command Overlay submenu This command toggles the display of control point IDs on and off This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing The menu item is checked when control point IDs are displayed The menu item is grayed out if control point data is not available in the current session 4 6 14 Triangulation command Overlay submenu This command toggles the display of Delaunay Triangulation on and off The display shows how Delaunay Triangulation is calculated using the currently defined control points Delaunay Triangulation is used to generate the mathematical transformation for exporting vector data to a user specified projection system and for image warping or registration Delaunay Triangulation is calculated using the Edit Delaunay Triangulate command The Overlay Triangulation option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing The menu item is checked when triangulation is displayed The menu item is grayed out if triangulation has not been calculated for the current session 4 6 15 Text Blocks command Overlay submenu T
154. layed the ARROW KEYS PAGE UP and PAGE DOWN HOME and END keys can be used to scroll the image 1 5 2 Menu Bar The menu bar contains all the command options supported by R2V for Windows me cisel Meal chek sibel Most of the options provided by the Line Editor Point Editor and Control Point Editor can also be invoked from the floating pop up menus brought up by using the right mouse button See the following section for details You can display menu options by clicking on the ge menu heading with the mouse or by holding pata down the ALT key and typing the underlined letter i of the menu heading You can also select a menu option with the function keys called HOT KEYS for example F1 to get on line help F2 to zoom in 3 to zoom out and F6 to go back to the previous view Some menu options initiate commands directly while others include a submenu of commands Submenu commands are also available as floating pop up menus brought up by clicking the right mouse button Other menu options open a dialog box to initiate 15 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL commands An ellipsis mark next to a menu heading indicates a dialog box for that option 1 5 3 The Floating Pop up Menu In the R2V for Windows system all the editing SMERA E View inog Vacio Window tools use a pop
155. ld is set properly make sure the box Use Existing Threshold is checked in the Vectorize dialog box when using the Vector Auto Vectorize command The Sobel Edge command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 20 2 Gradient Magnitude command Edge Detection submenu This command creates an edge enhanced image from the original image by calculating the gradient magnitude image This command works only with grayscale images Other image types such as color images must be converted to grayscale before this command can be used If the edge enhanced image is going to be auto vectorized it is highly recommended to first set the image threshold using the Image Set Image Threshold command See Section 5 21 Set Image Threshold command Image Menu When the threshold is set properly make sure the box Use Existing Threshold is checked in the Vectorize dialog box when using the Vector Auto Vectorize command The Gradient Magnitude command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 20 3 Edge Propagate command Edge Detection submenu This command propagates the edges in an edge enhanced image to make them thicker Edge enhanced images are created using either the Sobel Edge command or the Gradient Magnitude
156. le provides a linear transformation based on the control points on its three vertexes The Delaunay Triangulation method is used in the Image Warp command when mapping vector data to a user specified projection system such as UTM or Latitude Longitude and when exporting vector data using the File Export Vector command The display of triangulation can be toggled on and using the View Overlay Triangulation command 82 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 12 Text Block Editor Edit Menu Use the Text Block Editor On Off command to start the Text Block Editor With the text block and OCR editor you can quickly remove vectorized text from the vector data set add and remove text block markers group and ungroup text blocks for words and train and test the OCR engine The OCR engine can be trained only when text blocks exist Text blocks can be automatically detected using the Vector Detect Text Blocks command or manually using the Add Block function under the Text Block Editor The Text Block Editor options are Lines entire image or a selected region Undelete or recover deleted lines Add Block Add new text blocks Remove existing text blocks Link individual text blocks into a word or string group Test OCR Test current OCR signatures Exit from the Text Block Editor 3 12 1 Delete Text Lines command Text Block Editor submenu This command switches to the Delete Te
157. lected click the Pick Color button to pick a new color that will be assigned to all of the selected colors Open Palette Save Palette Reset EEE Image Grayscale Range 0 255 Click the Apply button to use the defined palette for the current image display Click the Save Palette button to save the palette entries to a file and click the Open Palette button to read palette entries from a file Click the Reset button to change the palette to the original image palette 4 12 Set Image Color command View Menu This command is used to change both the foreground xj and the background colors used to display a binary or monochrome image After this command is selected the Set Image Colors dialog box will appear to allow you Foreground to specify the colors for the image display See Figure If you click on the Foreground or the Background Background buttons a Color dialog box will appear where you select the desired color for the display See Figure 107 VIEW MENU COMMANDS This command only works with binary or monochrome images and will only affect the Color 2 x display The image data is not changed Basic colors For other image types such as grayscale and color you can convert them to binary image type first and then apply View Set Image Color
158. ll change to an Arrow Cursor Point and hold down the left mouse button at a line to see the display change Release the left mouse button to restore the display of the selected line 66 EDIT MENU COMMANDS The layer name and ID value of the selected line are displayed in the Status Bar at the bottom of the IMAGE WINDOW If the line is a closed polygon its area and length are also calculated and displayed in the Status Bar If the line is not a closed polygon only the length is calculated and displayed in the Status Bar You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 6 3 Set Layer command Line Editor submenu Use this command get into the Set Layer mode Once the Set Layer editing mode lines selected will be put into the current layer Use this command to assign a line to a desired layer You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 7 Form Polygon command Line Editor submenu Use this command to create polygons fro
159. ll lines may be detected and may need to be removed To ensure the best result the Snap Lines operation can be used to merge broken lines to keep them from being removed while dotted lines will not be snapped when the thresholds are properly selected Then apply the Delete Lines by Length command to remove the dotted lines automatically When the processing is done click the OK button to confirm the operation If you want to recover your original data without any change select the Cancel button 143 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS 6 11 Delete Lines By ID command Vector Menu This command removes lines within the specified xi ID range When the Delete Lines by ID command 10 is selected the Delete Lines in ID Range dialog 9 box appears See Figure 0 This command can be used to create vector layers is Cancel when lines labeled by different ID values Lines can be labeled using the Line Editor under the Edit menu 6 12 Delete Lines By Type command Vector Menu This command removes lines using the user specified type or duplicated lines When the Delete Lines by Type command is selected a Delete Lines by Type dialog box appears See Figure Currently supported line types include Closed Polygons Open Ends Lines and Duplicates If a selection rectangle exists when this command is started an option to apply Within Selected Rectangle Only can Line Types To Delete pray
160. longs to the line to be deleted and click the left mouse button to remove the line The system will always remove the closest line to the location clicked When deleting a line try to be as close as possible to avoid deleting the wrong line Use the Edit Undo command or CONTROL Z to recover a line mistakenly deleted You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 4 7 Delete All Lines command Line Editor submenu This command can only be accessed from the main menu by selecting Edit Line Editor Delete All Lines It is not available from the right mouse floating pop up menu to avoid accidental loss of data Use this command to delete all existing lines or all the lines within a selected region if a selection rectangle exists in the IMAGE WINDOW To get a selection rectangle hold down the SHIFT key and then drag the left mouse button to 2 draw the selection rectangle R2V for oO Windows dialog box will appear to confirm this operation See Figure You can cancel this operation by selecting the No button in the confirmation dialog box 2 Delete all lines within the selected region Caution The Delete Lines command will delete all the lines within the
161. lue is displayed in the Status Bar at the bottom of the IMAGE WINDOW You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 71 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 5 7 Set Layer command Point Editor submenu Use this command to select points to add to the current layer First set the layer you want to get the points into as the current layer then move the mouse to a point and click the left mouse button to put it into the layer You can switch to a different editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 5 8 Auto Point IDs command Edit Menu Use this command to assign a unique ID to each point The ID range can be specified in the ID x Range Dialog box The IDs can be changed using the Point Editor commands Starting ID 0 This function works in a random fashion Increment Value should not be used when specific IDs need to be assigned to specific points Assign IDs to unlabeled items only Cancel 3 6 Delete Points command Edit
162. m existing line segments Before you start creating polygons you should set a layer which does not contain the line segments to be used as current to hold the polygon data Make sure the polygon layer is locked so new polygons will not interfere with this process Once in the Form Polygon editing mode select lines that will be used as the new polygon boundary with the left mouse button Selected lines are displayed with inverted color To deselect the last line simply press the BACKSPACE lt key or the Esc key When all lines are selected press any key to form the closed polygon The newly created polygon is put in the current layer and the existing line segments stay unchanged You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 8 Undo command Line Editor submenu Use this command to undo a previous editing operation The Undo command is available for a certain number of steps during the editing session from the start to end Once the 67 EDIT MENU COMMANDS editing session is turned off or switched to another editor the undo data buffer is refreshed Note You should save the vector data to a file frequently by using the File Export Vector command if you are doing
163. mages To increase or decrease the bright range image pixels adjust the scroll bar for the High bright range Adjust the dark range scroll bar if the dark range pixels need to be adjusted The pixel gray levels 0 28 between the lower threshold dark and the upper threshold bright will be displayed using the full dynamic range of the display device The Image Contrast dialog box allows the user to interactively adjust the contrast of the image display You 255 5 Cancel can adjust the gray level thresholds for both the lower and upper limits The gray levels between the two thresholds are displayed using the full display dynamic range for example 256 levels on an 8 bit display device Note This command does not change the raw image pixel values it only affects the display 105 VIEW MENU COMMANDS Shortcuts Keys F4 106 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 11 Image Palette command View Menu the currently used image palette The Image Palette Draw rectangle to select entries and Pick Color to change command allows you to modify the colors and use different palettes for display This command affects only the display and not the image data x Cancel Apply Pick Color When the Define Color Palette dialog box appears the color palette is displayed Hold down the left mouse button and drag to draw rectangle to select colors for change Once the color entries are se
164. mand Geo Coord Convert submenu This command converts coordinates between a State Plane coordinate system and the geography coordinate system latitude longitude The State Plane Coordinate Conversion dialog box appears when this command is selected See Figure State Plane Coordinate Conversion Ed Select State Plane OK COLORADO CENTRAL 502 State Plane in meters Latitude Longitude Latitude and Longitude are in NAD27 NAD83 decimal degrees Northing 51 2190 488874871 Latitude 39 7 Easting 355850 794001 405 gt Longitude 1 04 9 Help SPL SPL to LL Help LL Convert Control Points to LL Convert Control Points to SPL The following steps are used to convert a point from latitude longitude to a State Plane coordinate Step 1 Select the correct State Plane and the zone number The state plane name is displayed in the list with the zone number following the name Check NAD27 if you are using NAD1927 or NADS3 if you are using NAD1983 Step 2 Enter the Latitude and Longitude values in the edit boxes The latitude and longitude are in decimal degrees East Longitudes are positive and west longitudes are negative North latitudes are positive and south latitudes are negative Step 3 Click the LL to SPL button to do the conversion The calculated State Plane coordinates are displayed in the Northing and Easting edit boxes Step 4 If your control p
165. n to drag a selection rectangle in the IMAGE WINDOW and then use the Zoom In command to display the zoomed region When the cursor is not an arrow the selection is not directly available because it is currently in an editing session such as the Line Editor or the Point Editor To get a selection rectangle during an editing session hold the SHIFT key down and use the left mouse button to drag a selection rectangle in the IMAGE WINDOW If no selection rectangle is present the area around the current cursor location is zoomed When in the Zoom In mode you can use the ARROW keys to move around the image Shortcuts Keys F2 4 3 2 Zoom Out command View Menu This command will zoom out the current IMAGE WINDOW to a lower level to display a larger image area Shortcuts Keys F3 98 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 4 4 Pan Tool command View Menu Use the Pan Tool to move around within the image window Once the tool is selected you can hold down the left mouse button to move the image within the window 4 5 Full View and Previous View commands View Menu Use Full View command to display the entire image in the IMAGE WINDOW The IMAGE WINDOW will be resized to adjust to the image aspect ratio Shortcuts Keys FS Use Previous View command to display the previous view location in the IMAGE WINDOW Shortcuts Keys F6 4 6 Overlay View Menu The View Overlay submenu provides controls to toggle the display on and off for all availa
166. ncluding telecommunications the Software Licensee will use its best efforts and take all reasonable steps to protect the Software from unauthorized use copying or dissemination and will maintain all proprietary notices intact LIMITED WARRANTY Able Software warrants the Software media to be free of defects in workmanship for a period of ninety days from purchase During this period Able Software will replace at no cost any such media returned to Able Software postage prepaid This service is Able Software s sole liability under this warranty DISCLAIMER LICENSE FEES FOR THE SOFTWARE DO NOT INCLUDE ANY CONSIDERATION FOR ASSUMPTION OF RISK BY ABLE SOFTWARE AND ABLE SOFTWARE DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR OPERATION OR INABILITY TO USE THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF ANY OF THESE PARTIES HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES FURTHERMORE LICENSEE INDEMNIFIES AND AGREES TO HOLD ABLE SOFTWARE HARMLESS FROM SUCH CLAIMS THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE RESULTS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS ASSUMED BY THE LICENSEE THE WARRANTIES EXPRESSED IN THIS LICENSE ARE THE ONLY WARRANTIES MADE BY ABLE SOFTWARE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIED LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM JURISDI
167. nction individual text blocks are grouped automatically based on their locations Careful examination and correcting of errors are necessary before you can apply the Vector Convert to Text Notes command to get text notes The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Point the cursor within the first text block to be ungrouped press and hold down the left mouse button drag the cursor to the last text block and then release the left mouse button The text blocks will then be displayed as individuals without the red lines connecting them from center to center Repeat this process to ungroup other text blocks You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 12 8 Train OCR command Text Block Editor submenu This command switches to the Train OCR interactive training mode that allows you to generate OCR symbol signatures to be used to recognize text in the scanned image Text blocks must exist before the training starts Text blocks are generated automatically using the Vector Detect_Text Blocks function For each character to z A to Z etc or number digit 0 9 or symbols from another language you need to train it at least once to have a signature Multiple
168. nd File Menu Use this command within the 3D VIEW WINDOW to save the current 3D model data to a DXF WRL VRML STL or XYZ file The DXF file contains the surface polygons and triangles generated from the 3D dataset The binary STL file can be used on a rapid prototyping machine to create 3D physical models The VRML Virtual Reality Modeling Language is a standard 3D graphics format widely used over the Internet for 3D visualization You can simply download a VRML plug in for your web browser and use it to display your 3D models The XYZ file contains 3D points of the 3D dataset The grid file can be displayed in 3D using the File Open 3D File command in the 3D VIEW WINDOW 43 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 14 OCR and Text File Menu This section has functions to load and save text and OCR related files 2 14 1 Load Text Blocks command OCR and Text submenu Use this command to load text blocks from a text block file Text blocks are region markers that indicate the extracted lines within each block are from a text character Text blocks can be generated automatically using the Vector Detect_ Text Blocks command or manually using the Edit Text Block Editor functions Text blocks are used for OCR signature training and converting extracted lines to text strings Vector lines within each text block can be edited using the Edit Text Block Editor options 2 14 2 Save Text Blocks command OCR and Text subm
169. ne 62 line editor rectangle 57 58 Line ID Display 101 102 Line ID rescale 151 Line labeling 150 Line labeling for 3D grid 41 Line Labeling color 109 line type 50 line move 62 Line split 147 lines smooth 141 List Files of Type 27 Load Control Points 25 39 Load layer 51 Load Layers 24 Load notes 45 Load OCR Signatures 44 Load text blocks 44 M MapGuide SDL 92 MapGuide SDL 38 Measure Distance 16 Median Filter 112 126 Menu Bar 15 Merge image fuse 124 Merge image paste 124 Merge images 124 INDEX Modify control point 75 mosaic 123 Mouse 16 Mouse Pointer Tools 17 move cursor 60 move a point 69 70 Move control point 75 Move Cursor 17 move data between layers 52 move line 62 Move Node 53 60 multi line tracing 23 multiple line tracing 53 57 N NAD1927 81 NAD 1983 81 NAD27 State Plane 78 NAD83 State Plane 78 Negate 112 125 Network 27 32 New 24 28 New control point 74 new layer 49 New Window 152 153 node 53 nodes thinning 141 Nodes color 101 Nodes delete in group 61 O OCR 149 OCR signature file 87 OCR signatures 44 86 OCR Signatures 45 88 OCR Training 45 Open GEOTIFF file 26 Open Image 24 26 Open project 26 optimal threshold 133 outlines overlap 147 Overlay intersection symbols 104 Overlay Control Point IDs 95 100 Overlay Control Points 95 100 102 Overlay Image 99 100
170. ne Editor commands Click the Apply button to experiment with the parameters The Cancel button will undo the process and recover your original data set The OK button will confirm the process The Undo option is not available once the Create Polygon Layer command is confirmed Lines must be prepared and inspected carefully before this command is used to generate polygons For each line only its two end points ends are used as potential candidates to be connected to other lines to form a closed polygon You may need to split a line to create an intersection This can be done using the Split Line option under the Line Editor submenu or the Vector Split Lines command Use the View Fill Polygon command to toggle the polygon fill mode for display For some images with noise you may find some small line segments vectorized at the corners and intersections They should be removed before polygons are created Vector Delete_Lines By Length or the Line Editor commands can be used for this purpose 6 18 Split Lines command Vector Menu This command automatically splits lines that intersect with other lines without intersections This command is often used as a preprocessing step before using the Vector Create Polygon Layer command or the Form Polygon command under the Line Editor submenu Line segments must end at intersections when used to create closed polygons because each line is used as a s
171. ng RLC rlc and raw image files hdr The currently supported image types include 1 bit bi level 8 bit grayscale 4 bit palette 8 bit palette color and 24 bit true color 16 bit grayscale images are not supported in the current version If an image is saved as a FF file with raster image geo referencing information the geo referencing parameters will be read into R2V and can be used for vector geo referencing If geo referencing parameters are available you can use the View Geo Coded Coordinates command to toggle on the display of geo coded coordinates in the Status Bar Depending on the geo referencing scheme used in the GeoTIFF image R2V will use either control points when the points exist or TFW when transformation parameters exist Windows BMP files bmp save most image types 1 bit monochrome 4 bit grayscale 8 bit grayscale 8 bit color as palette type images R2V automatically converts 1 bit and 4 bit images to black and white image types For 8 bit grayscale images that are saved as palette color image types you should convert the image type from 8 bit palette color to 8 bit grayscale before vectorization is done This ensures the image will be processed and vectorized correctly Use the Image Information option to check the image type The PNG png format is an open source standard format that uses loss less compression to maintain the original quality of the image R2V can import raw uncompr
172. ng mode that allows you to remove existing text notes The cursor will change to a Delete Cursor To remove a single text note point the cursor within a text note and click the left mouse button The text note will disappear from the display window Repeat this step to delete other text notes To remove all text notes within a rectangle region hold down the SHIFT key and the left mouse button and drag the mouse to draw a rectangle When the region is selected release both the SHIFT key and the left mouse button Select the Delete option again from the floating pop up menu using the right mouse button or from Text Notes Editor submenu You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Notes Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 15 3 Modify command Text Notes Editor submenu This command switches to the Modify editing mode that allows changing the text of an existing text note The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor during this editing session Point the cursor within a text note and click the left mouse button The cursor or window focus is moved to the Note Dialog box to allow you to modify the text Click the Apply button to confirm The updated text note will be displayed in the IMAGE WINDOW Repeat this
173. notes for some formats The currently supported formats include Arc Info Generate file format gen arc Shape File format for ArcView shp MapInfo vector format mif CAD drawing exchange file format dxf IGES igs MapGuide file sdl and 3D XYZ formats xyz When layers are defined only data in the layers that are set as can be exported To include layers in the output file you need to turn the layer on before you export To exclude a layer from the output file simply turn the layer off before you export The layer status is set using the Edit Layer Define command However there is an exception when exporting to DXF which supports multiple layer structure In this case all data layers both on and are included When exporting vector data use the export options in the corresponding dialog box to set the configuration of the output vector file Common to all the option dialog boxes for all supported vector file formats the transformation parameters need to be set The transformation method is used to map the vector data to a required projection system One option is the Bi linear method using least squares to estimate a set of transformation formulae for the entire data set The other method is Delaunay Triangulation which divides the entire space into individual triangles and each triangle provides a set of linear transforms for all the points within itself 35 F
174. nt entity and in all respects is proprietary data belonging solely to Able Software and its licenser 2 Government personnel using the Software are hereby on notice that use of the Software is subject to restrictions that are the same or similar to those specified above 160 INDEX INDEX 1 1 bit Bi Level to 8 bit Gray Scale Image 133 1 bit monochrome 132 2 24 bit RGB gt Gray Scale 132 24 bit RGB gt Palette 132 24 bit true color 132 3 3D display 25 3D display animate 40 3D display apex angle 40 3D display azimuth angle 40 3D export 43 3D grid 41 3D grid file open 25 3D grid file cell size 41 3D grid file create 25 41 3D Image draping 42 3D model export VRML 43 3D settings 40 8 8 bit Gray Scale Image to 1 bit Bi Level 133 8 bit palette 132 About 154 156 Add a node 53 Add block 84 add new control points 74 add new line 53 Add new line 55 add new points 69 70 Add Node 60 Add Text Block 84 adjust the image threshold 136 161 Adjust vector orientation 140 Aerial Photo processing 131 affine transformation 32 angle measure 119 Angle rotation 119 Animate 3D display 40 Apply Notes to Lines 150 Arrange Icons 152 Arrow Cursor 17 Arrow keys for image scrolling 55 Assign Line ID 54 Auto Trace 22 Auto Tracing 53 55 56 Auto Vectorize 134 136 automatic vector extraction 136 Average Filter 113 125 B bac
175. ntersection symbol markers Intersection symbol markers are detected using the Vector Detect Intersection Symbols command This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing Intersection symbols can be physically removed using the Vector Remove Intersection Markers command The menu item is checked when intersection symbol markers are displayed The menu item is grayed out if no intersection symbols are available in the current session 4 7 Resize Workspace command View Menu Use this command to change the size of the current workspace This command is Define Vector Data Window only available when no image is present Enter new location values Default in the IMAGE WINDOW workspace is normally created using the Lett 0 97 0 File New Workspace command Top 0 Bottom 2047 When using a non image workspace for vector editing and merging you can cae change the four size parameters left top right and bottom to adjust the display area of the current workspace See Figure 4 8 Geo Coded Coordinates command View Menu This command is used to switch the display of the current mouse pointer coordinates between geo coded coordinates with control points or TFW data applied and image pixel coordinates without using control point or TFW data This function makes it convenient when editing geo coded data or viewing images under a real world coordina
176. ntil you reset the value to a differ value to a different value Increase ID every time by 0 You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up Cancel menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 5 5 Assign ID command Point Editor submenu Use this command to assign the current specified ID number to an existing point The cursor will change to ID Cursor Point and click the left mouse button at a point to set the value Use the Show ID option to verify the ID value The assigned ID numbers are saved when exporting to Point files pnt ArcView files shp and MapInfo files mif They are saved as the Z value when exporting to DXF files dxf and IGES files igs You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 5 6 Show ID Value command Point Editor submenu Use this command show the ID value and layer name of a selected point cursor will change to an Arrow Cursor Point at a point and click the left mouse button The ID va
177. nto the current layer Vector data Forward Diagonal can be copied or moved between layers using the Edit Layer Manipulate command Back Diagonal Cross When one or more layers are turned on using the On Off button all data within those layers will be active to the display control commands Solid View Overlay editing commands if not locked and vector processing commands DiagCross The All On Off button is used to turn all layers on or off the same time When a layer is turned on and locked by using the Lock Unlock button the lines in the layer will be visible but not available to the Line Editor This is very useful when using an existing layer as the basis to create data for the current layer for example creating polygons with existing line segments using the Edit Line Editor Form Polygon command In this case you need to first create a new layer for the polygons or use a layer created by the Vector Create Polygon Layer command Lock this layer and make it the 50 EDIT MENU COMMANDS current layer Once it is locked it can accept data and be displayed but not be edited by the Line Editor When a layer is turned off all data within the layer will not be visible and will not be affected by the editing and processing commands When working on a specific layer it is highly recommended to turn the rest of the layers off so they
178. nts The Warp command is often used to correct image distortion and transform one image to the coordinate system of another for example to register a map and an air photo of the same area With the Bi Linear method a bi linear transform derived from the control points is applied to register the image To register an image against a target image you should first define 4 or more control points from the target image in the image pixel coordinate system You can use the Pick Point command under the Control Point Editor submenu option to pick a location from the target image and then use the New option under the Control Point Editor to define the control point for the image to be warped Because image warping is performed in the digital image domain and coordinates are calculated in integer and floating point projection systems the Latitude Longitude coordinate system is not suitable for this operation You may simply register the image using the Image World File TFW rather than physically change the image pixels The entire operation is done in memory so make sure the projected image is not too big and you have sufficient memory and swap space for the processing The image warping process is normally performed before geo referencing Image geo referencing is done through generating a world file TFW supported by Arc Info or ArcView or a TAB file supported by MapInfo that maps image pixel coordinates to a real world coordinat
179. nversion The calculated UTM coordinates are displayed in the Northing and Easting edit boxes The UTM Zone number is also displayed Step 4 If your control points are defined using latitude and longitude and need to be converted to a UTM coordinate system then click the Convert Control Points to UTM button to convert Once the control points are converted you can apply them when exporting your vector data The following steps are used to convert a point from a UTM coordinate to latitude longitude Step 1 Select the reference ellipsoid from the geodetic datum list Step 2 Enter the UTM coordinate in the Northing and Easting edit box UTM coordinates are in meters Step 3 Enter the UTM Zone number If you are not sure about the UTM Zone one simple way to generate it is to enter an approximate latitude and longitude value and click the LL to UTM button to calculate Step 4 Click the UTM to LL button to do the conversion The calculated geography coordinates are displayed in the Latitude and Longitude edit boxes Latitude and longitude are in decimal degrees Step 5 If your control points are defined using a UTM coordinate system and need to be converted to latitude and longitude then click the Convert Control Points to LL button to convert Once the control points are converted you can apply them when exporting your vector data 80 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 10 2 State Plane and Latitude Longitude com
180. o a TIFF GeoTIFF or JPEG file R2V displays the Save As dialog box so you can name your image See Figure The JPEG format supports grayscale and 24 bit RGB image types only and is a compressed format Other image types should use the TIFF format If control points have been selected more than 4 required or a TFW file is read into the program R2V will ask you whether to save the TIFF image with or without the GeoTIFF extension The GeoTIFF format is an industry standard designed to handle geo referencing information in TIFF format GeoTIFF image files are the same as a general TIFF file but with more fields to save geo referencing information GeoTIFF is currently supported by many other software packages as a way to geo reference raster images 2 8 File Save As dialog box The File Save As dialog box will appear when certain commands are selected It allows you to specify the name and location of the file you re about to save Save in Images gt amp EJ geomax mining spain Its L norway SPOT keckwood pagenet tei Parcels 1246 TIF larson Pond 22a tif Maps sedona 45068H8 gt File name soil Save as type TIFF Files Cancel 2 TIFF Files PNG Files JPEG Files lt File Name Type a new filename to save a document with a different name A filename can contain up to eight characters and an extension of up to three characters R2V for Windows
181. ocsscescvssecasessssssscossessasesanessessoocssoassanvecosensdinsses cosseusecucsseddevesonsasoansensses 110 4 16 1 FONT FOR LINE IDS COMMAND FONTS SUBMENU 110 4 16 2 FONT FOR POINT IDS COMMAND FONTS 6 0 2 204000420000001000000000000000 111 4 16 3 FONT FOR TEXT NOTES COMMAND FONTS SUBMENU 111 CHAPTER 5 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS ccscssscssscssscssesscscscssccsscssscssscsssssssscssscsesssessscesneessessoess 112 5 1 INFORMATION COMMAND IMAGE 1 114 5 2 REGION OF INTEREST ROI COMMAND IMAGE 0 4 0 114 5 3 CROP IMAGE BY ROIL COMMAND IMAGE 0 115 5 4 CLEAR ALL ROIS IMAGE MENU ssessesseseosoesessossesoossesoosoeseosoesesoossesoesoesoesossessossesosssesoessesessossee 115 5 5 IMAGE PIXEL TOOL IMAGE 116 5 5 1 SHOW PIXEL VALUE COMMAND IMAGE PIXEL TOOL 5 116 5 5 2 DRAW PIXEL VALUE COMMAND IMAGE PIXEL TOOL SUBMENU 2 116 5 5 3 DRAW LINE COMMAND IMAGE PIXEL 8 2 117 5 5 4 MAP PIXEL VALUES COMMAND IMAGE PIXEL TOOL 6 08 117 5 5 5 FILL COLOR COMMAND IMAGE PIXEL TOOL 50 118 5 5 5 UNDO COMMAND IMAGE PIXEL 80 0
182. of a text character train OCR signatures and further text recognition Text blocks that possibly belong to a word group are linked as a group The group information is used by the OCR or text recognition functions Text blocks and groups can be edited using the Text Block Editor under the Edit menu To remove all of the text block markers permanently use the Edit Delete Text Blocks command The display of text blocks can be toggled on and off using the View Overlay Text Blocks command 6 22 Convert to Text Notes OCR command Vector Menu This command automatically identifies text from text blocks and the current set of OCR signatures and stores the text in the form of text notes Text blocks and OCR signatures must exist before you can use this command Text blocks are generated using the Vector Detect_Text Blocks command and OCR signatures are trained using the Train OCR command under the Text Block Editor or read into R2V from an OCR file If layers are defined this command should only be applied to one layer at a time Before starting this command use the Edit Layer Define to set the working layer as current and turn all other layers off If there are text symbols in different fonts and styles in the image you should convert them separately by using their own set of text blocks and OCR signatures Detect the text blocks using the proper selection area for the Vector Detect Text
183. oints control points and text are handled by the software and how they are generated displayed and saved to files Each type of data such as raster images lines points and text are treated differently and each has their own set of processing editing functions Each data type can be stored in a separate file with a different file format For example images are stored in TIFF tif or BMP bmp format and vector lines are stored in GEN gen and other vector file formats Each data layer is also displayed as a graphical display layer which can be toggled on and off using the functions under the View Overlay submenu In R2V each vector data type is editable using its own editing functions under the Edit menu For example use the Edit Line Editor commands to edit lines and polygons and use the Edit Point Editor commands to edit points Once an editor for a data type is started you are in that particular editing mode and are allowed to do certain types of editing related to the data layer until you exit or switch to another editor Raster images can be edited using the Image Pixel Tool under the Image menu or the Image Editor under the Edit menu R2V supports the concept of layers which is similar to the layer concept used by some GIS and CAD software packages such as AutoCAD The use of layers makes data creation and editing more flexible and is a powerful way to get your data organized the same way a
184. oints are defined using latitude and longitude and need to be converted to a State Plane coordinate system then click the Convert Control Points to SPL button to convert Once the control points are converted you can apply them when exporting your vector data The following steps are used to convert a point from a State Plane coordinate system to latitude longitude 81 EDIT MENU COMMANDS Step 1 Select the correct State Plane and the zone number The state plane name is displayed in the list with the zone number following the name Check NAD27 if you are using NAD1927 or NADS3 if you are using NAD1983 Step 2 Enter your State Plane coordinates in the Northing and Easting boxes State Plane coordinates are in meters Step 3 Click the SPL to LL button to do the conversion The calculated geography coordinates are displayed in the Latitude and Longitude edit boxes Latitude and longitude are in decimal degrees Step 4 If your control points are defined using a state plane coordinate system and need to be converted to latitude and longitude then click the Convert Control Points to LL button to convert Once the control points are converted you can apply them when exporting your vector data 3 11 Delaunay Triangulation command Edit Menu This command calculates the Delaunay Triangulation using currently specified control points The entire image or vector space is divided into individual triangles and each triang
185. ommands which provide you assistance with this R2V for Windows Help Topics Offers you an index to topics on which you can get help Displays the version number of this application 154 HELP MENU 8 1 Help Topics command Help Menu Use this command to display the opening screen of the Help Topics R2V Help System window See Figure Help Topics R2 Help System 2 Contents Index Find Click a book and then click Open Or click another tab such as Index gt Getting Started gt Frequently Asked Questions Menu and commands Print From the opening screen you can jump to step by step instructions for using R2V for Windows and various types of reference information Once you open the Help Topics you can click the Contents button whenever you want to return to the opening screen 155 HELP MENU 8 2 About R2V command Help Menu Use this command to display the copyright notice and version number of your copy of CT xi R2V for Windows R2 for Windows 9 lt 7 2000 5 5 020408 Copyright 1994 2002 Able Software Corp All rights reserved http www ablesw com r2v Waring This software is protected by copyright laws and international treaties Unauthorized reproduction or distribution may result in severe civil and criminal penalties and will be prosecuted to the maximum extent possible under law 8 3 Context
186. omputer Automated Design CAD and scientific computing R2V provides an easy and complete solution to digitize vector data from image sources such as scanned maps and drawings aerial photos and satellite imagery The entire raster to vector conversion process is fully automatic and needs no human intervention You display the scanned image on the screen and you select the vectorization command That is all it takes All the lines are extracted in seconds and displayed right on top of the image for you to verify and edit Powerful editing and processing functions are provided to edit geo reference and label your data R2V has all the tools to get a perfect set of vector data faster and easier than any other method With R2V you can forget about slow and inaccurate hand tracing on a digitizing tablet simply scan your map or drawing and let R2V vectorize it automatically at a high accuracy level A typical contour or parcel map scanned at 200 dpi dots inch as a black and white or grayscale image can be vectorized in seconds or minutes on a Pentium PC We know editing for both raster images and vector data is extremely important to you so we have made every effort to build easy to use and intelligent editors to handle all data types in one display window Data types include lines points polygons text labels image pixels and control points With R2V you can automatically vectorize maps or drawings perform quick heads up digitizing geore
187. on image 121 reload image 28 Remove background 126 Remove Block 84 85 Remove Duplicate Nodes 141 Remove intersection symbol markers 146 Resample 112 121 residual error control point 76 Resize workspace 28 104 resolution 114 resolution unit 114 ROL circle 115 ROI crop image 112 115 ROL polygon 115 ROI rectangle 115 ROI remove 115 Roof detection 131 Rotate 120 rotation angle 119 S satellite image 128 Save As dialog box 30 Save Control Points 25 39 Save Image As 24 31 Save Layer 51 Save Layers 24 Save notes 45 Save OCR signatures 45 Save Project 30 Save text blocks 44 166 Save World File 24 32 Scan image 46 Scanner scan 46 Scanner select 46 Scanner TWAIN 46 scanning resolution 114 SDA Format 92 SDL Attribute 92 SDL MapGuide 38 Segmentation 113 131 Select a rectangle 137 Select Control Points 135 146 selection rectangle 63 Selection Rectangle 16 Set End Color 109 Set Line Color by ID 109 Set Line Layer 67 Set Node Color 109 Set Point Color 110 Set Smoothing 56 57 59 Shortcut keys 18 54 show point ID 71 Shrink intersection symbols 145 Smooth line 58 Smooth lines 141 Smooth Lines 59 140 Smooth B Spline 59 141 Smoothing 56 57 Snap Ends 142 Snap Lines 134 142 Snap Polygons 148 Snap to end 55 Snap to node 54 55 Snap to Node Line edit 64 Snap To Nod
188. or adding new attributes to the lines The Delete Column button deletes a selected column from the attribute table The Rename Column changes the name of a selected column To edit or enter attributes for a line you can click on a line in the Image Window The corresponding row in the attribute table will be highlighted You can also select a row in the table to highlight the corresponding line in the image window Click the OK button to finish 3 5 Point Editor Edit Menu Use this command to start the Point Editor With the Point Editor you can add new points move a point delete a point and delete all points within a selected region You can also label the points with a specified ID value When the Point Editor is started the cursor will change according to the editing mode Use the right mouse button to get the editing pop up menu or use the toolbars for editing options An option is checked if the corresponding editing mode is currently active When layers are defined it s highly suggested to leave only the layer you are working with and turn the rest of the layers off When layers are turned all point data in these layers will be available to the editing functions The Point Editor options are Delete Deletes a selected point or points within a selected region Move Moves Moves a point to anew location to a new location ID Value Lh Le current ID value for point
189. or the image It is recommended to leave only the layer you are using as the current on layer and set all other layers off so only the data in the current layer will be affected by the editing and processing functions If the scanned image is in good quality you can use the fully automatic vectorization function by selecting the Vector Auto Vectorize command The Vectorize dialog box appears to allow selections of vectorization parameters See Figure Select the Start button to start the vectorization process The cursor becomes an hourglass when x processing and returns to an arrow when 5 5 mage source vectorization is finished The extracted lines will be displayed in the IMAGE WINDOW Map as green lines Use the View Overlay options to turn on and off display items such as ete ess Cancel Line Nodes Line Ends and Line IDs if you Center Line intend to assign values to the lines Boundary Line The color of lines can be changed based on their layer definition using the View Line Colors Use_Layer Color option or on their Use Selected Image Region RO IDs using the View Line Colors Set Line Color By ID option if lines are labeled Use Existing Image Threshold If the image is a complex one with many graphic layers or items mixed together you may want to use R2V s interactive tracing functions to vectorize the image
190. ou can split images into portions by performing several scans process the portions using R2V to get the vector data and then merge the portions together by selecting the proper control points for each scanned portion 2 11 2 Import Geo Coded Vector command File Menu This function allows the import of a geo referenced vector file to display on top of a geo referenced image so you can use all the editing and processing tools provided by R2V to update or edit the data This function is very similar to the File Import Vector command The only difference is that control points are applied to map the vector data to the image coordinate system when they are read into R2V This function is normally used in the following sequence Step 1 Open an image you want to use as the backdrop using the File Open Image or Project command Step 2 Import the geo coded vector file by using the File Import Geo Coded Vector command If your image is already geo referenced with control points or saved as a GeoTIFF file simply specify the vector file name and open it If the image is not geo referenced an Import Geo Coded Vector File dialog box will appear See Figure x You need to provide two file names one is the Control Point TFW File To Be Applied which was used to create the eo coded vector data from the image 22 system and the other is the a Browse BiLinear Triangulate be imported Vector File Name
191. ouse button 76 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 8 7 Control Point Dialog Box The Control Point dialog box allows you to specify the destination coordinates To of a From selected control point See Figure The selected control point location is displayed and can be modified The X is equivalent to the row Y 1160 3400573 Y 160 340057373 direction and Y is the column direction The cae 254 7862396 254 7856239624 destination coordinates to be entered and used when generating a geometric transform for vector data registration 3 8 8 Delete All Control Points command Control Point Editor submenu The Delete Control Points command will automatically erase all of the existing control points in the IMAGE WINDOW 3 8 9 Delete TFW Data command Control Point Editor submenu This command removes the geo referencing information loaded from a world file from the IMAGE WINDOW When you need to use a different set of control points or world file for the image you should use this command to delete the current world file data and then open the new world file 77 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 9 Control Point Statistics command Edit Menu This command shows the statistics of currently selected control points When the Control Point Statistics command is selected the Control Point Statistics dialog box appears See Figure Control Point Statistics
192. ownload from our website http www ablesw com r2v We have set up a technical support mailing list for R2V users We regularly post news release notes new upgrades and bug fixes to this mailing list Join the list in order to get the latest information about the availability of new upgrades and new features added to the latest release To register for the mailing list please send an email to r2v ablesw com with your contact information Please note the information you provided to us is for product support purposes only and will not be used by any others 14 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL 1 5 User Interface R2V for Windows software is written in the Microsoft Windows environment It has a graphical user interface that includes icons a menu bar tool buttons floating popup menus and interactive on line help The menu options can be selected with either a mouse or with keyboard shortcuts Please refer to Windows documentation about using Windows tools dialog boxes menus icons etc 1 5 1 Image Windows Scanned images and generated vector data are displayed in IMAGE WINDOWS During operation only the currently active window is under the control of the menus Several IMAGE WINDOWS can be open at one time but only one can be active at one time The active window has a darkened title bar To make a window active click anywhere on it with the left mouse button When the IMAGE WINDOW is in the zooming mode scroll bars will be disp
193. pixels within the regions of interest ROI will remain the same in the cropped image while the rest of the pixels will be set as the background value normally white color You should save the image to a different file if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 4 Clear All ROIs Image Menu Use this command to remove the currently defined regions of interest ROIs Use the Image Region of Interest ROI command to define a new region of interest for image segmentation 115 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 5 Image Pixel Tool Image Menu The Image Pixel Tool On Off command starts the Image Pixel Tool The Image Pixel Tool supports the following options Show Pixel Value Draw Pixel Value Map Pixel Value and Fill Color The options can be selected by using the main drop down menu or the floating pop up v Image Pixel Tool On Off menu brought up by clicking the right mouse button See Show Pixel Value Figure Draw Pixel Value Map Pixel Values 5 5 1 Show Pixel Value command Image Fill Color Undo Fill Color Pixel Tool submenu When this command is selected you can see pixel values by holding down the left mouse button and moving the cursor to various pixel locations The image pixel value of the current cursor position is displayed in the Status Bar at the bottom of the IMAGE WINDOW Make sure the Status Bar is visible when using the Image Pixel Tool
194. png 26 File menu 24 File Name 27 31 File Open dialog box 27 File Save As dialog box 31 Fill area pixel tool 118 fill polygon 50 Fill Polygon 109 flip vector data 140 Font line IDs 110 Font point IDs 111 Font text notes 111 Form Polygon 67 G Geo Coded Coordinates 104 Geo coded vector import 34 geo coordinate conversion 78 Geodetic datum 79 geo reference 32 geo reference the image 24 geo referencing 122 GeoTIFF 26 GeoTIFF file 26 31 GeoTIFF format 31 GeoTIFF save 31 Gradient Magnitude 113 127 gray scale 26 132 gray scale image 136 grid file 25 Grid file 41 163 Group text blocks 85 H hardware key 11 Help index 155 Help Index 154 Help menu 154 Highlight Line 54 66 Horizontal Flip 112 119 hot keys 15 I ID labeling decimal 150 IDs change 151 IGES 33 35 66 71 Image background removal 126 image color change 108 image color bands 131 image contrast 95 Image Contrast 105 image despeckle 125 Image drape 42 Image draping 25 Image Draping 40 42 Image Edge Propagation 113 Image Editor 93 image fusion 129 131 Image Information 112 114 Image menu 112 image mosaic 123 image noise removal 125 image palette 95 Image Palette 95 107 Image panning using Arrow keys 55 Image Pixel Tool 93 image pixel value 116 image processing 21 image registration 121 129 Image ROI 136 Image Rotate 120 image rotation measure
195. r Detect Text Blocks function individual text blocks are grouped automatically based on their locations Careful examination and correcting of errors are necessary before you can apply the Vector Convert to Text Notes command to get text notes The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Point the cursor within the first text block to be grouped press and hold down the left mouse button drag the cursor to the last text block and then release the left mouse button The grouped text blocks will then be linked with a red line from center to center Repeat this process to group other text blocks You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 85 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 12 7 Ungroup command Text Block Editor submenu This command switches to the Ungroup editing mode that allows you to unlink grouped text blocks Text blocks within the same group are displayed with a line connecting the centers of the text blocks Grouping indicates that individual characters belong to a word or individual number digits belong to a number and is important for the accuracy of the OCR functions such as Vector Convert to Text Notes OCR When using the Vector Detect Text Blocks fu
196. r by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 4 Line Editing Commands Line Editor submenu 3 3 4 1 Split Line command Line Editor submenu Use this command split an existing line into two lines The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Point the cursor at a node and click the left mouse button to split the line at the selected location Repeat the process to split another line You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 4 2 Join Lines command Line Editor submenu Use this command to join two lines together The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Only lines within the same layer can be joined To join two lines point the cursor at one end of the first line click and hold down the left mouse button to select the end Hold down and drag the left mouse button from the current position to an end node of the second line and release the left mouse button to join the two lines A rubber band line will appear during the dragging process It is recommended to toggle the display of line ends View Overlay Line Ends on when in the Join Lines mode so you can see easily where line ends are located
197. r control points before you use this command When control points are selected for the current data set the Apply Control Points options will be enabled in the export option dialog box Select the transformation method you intend to use When control points are applied a geometric transformation derived from the specified control points is used to map vector data to the new coordinate system when saving to a file Be careful when applying registration if you plan to do more editing on the data set being exported This can cause a problem if you plan to use the scanned image as the backdrop when doing vector editing because the coordinates of the vector data have been mapped to a different domain specified by the control points and they will not match the image any more The right way to deal with this is to save the vector data to a file without applying the registration and also save the data to a separate file with registration applied Always use the unregistered file for editing with the image and apply registration when needed It is suggested to always save an unregistered vector data file along with the registered one as a back up 38 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 11 4 Save Vector As Image command File Menu This command creates a raster image from the vector data including lines points and text notes You can use the Edit Layer Define command to turn off layers not to be included in the final image After this command is called a
198. rld coordinate system B C D E and F are the transformation parameters 32 FILE MENU COMMANDS 2 10 Layer File Menu 2 10 1 Save Layers command Layer submenu Use this command to save currently defined layer data to a layer file The layer data can be used later when working on a different map or drawing that has the same layer definition Use the Edit Layer Define command to define update and set the status of layers Use the Edit Layer Manipulate command to copy or move vector data between layers 2 10 2 Load Layers command Layer submenu Use this command to load layer data from a layer file Maps or drawings with the same layer definitions can share the same layer data stored in a layer file Use the Edit Layer Define command to define update and set the status of layers Use the Edit Layer Manipulate command to copy or move vector data between layers 2 11 Vector Commands 2 11 1 Import Vector command File Menu Use this command to open an existing vector file and display it in IMAGE WINDOW When the file Open dialog box appears use the File of Type area to specify whether you want to import a Line File gen arc an ArcView Shape file shp an AutoCAD DXF file dxf an IGES File 105 a MapInfo exchange mif mid or a Point File pnt xyz For a vector file that stores only one data layer gen shp mif the vector data is read into the
199. rought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 8 6 Pick Point command Control Point Editor submenu Use this command to switch to the Pick Point mode for picking a location in the target image to be used for adding a new control point into the source image To use this option you need to open both the source image and the target image at the same time Start the Control Point Editor for both images Switch to the Pick Point mode for the target image and the New control point mode for the source image Move the cursor to a location in the target image that is also visible in the source image Click the left mouse button to pick the location A temporary marker is placed in the target image Once a location is picked up for the target image switch back to the source image You should be in the New control point mode now Move the cursor to the location that matches the object location in the target image identical point on the object not coordinates Click the left mouse button to define a new control point The coordinates picked from the target image are used for the To fields in the Control Point dialog box Edit the values if necessary You can switch to a different editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Control Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right m
200. s they are in the original map or drawing A layer is a container for data items such as lines points and text notes In R2V a user can define as many layers as needed Each layer has a name and other properties such as a color Layers can be created and modified using the Edit Layer Define function A layer can be turned off or set as current There must always be one current layer at any time All layers with an on status will be displayed in the IMAGE WINDOW provided the graphical overlay control is also set as See Section 4 6 Overlay View Menu If you do not want some layers to be affected by some global post processing functions you should turn these layers off You can always turn them back to view the data 19 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL Data can be moved or copied between layers using the Edit Layer Manipulate function See Section 3 2 Layer Manipulate command Edit Menu R2V has a default data layer with the name zero 0 If you just need to vectorize some simple one layer maps you do not need to worry about layer definition All data created will be in the default layer If you need to use layers to organize your data you should define the layers before you create your vector data Define the layers using the Edit Layer Define command or the tool button See Section 3 1 Layer Define command Edit Menu Set a layer as c
201. signatures This is an OCR function Apply Notes to Lines Automatically labels extracted lines using existing text notes Only numerical text notes are applied to label line ID values Apply Notes to Points Automatically labels points using existing text notes Only numerical text notes are used 135 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS 6 1 Auto Vectorize command Vector Menu This command performs the automatic vector extraction or vectorization algorithm to detect all of the lines from the image and displays them for verification and editing All vectorized lines are stored in the current layer When the Vectorize dialog box appears select the desired vectorization options if the defaults need to be changed See Figure 2 The parameters in the Vectorize dialog box are as follows Image Source Center Line Extracts lines by tracing the center of all of the line features Borat leech Cancel Center Line Boundary Line Extracts lines by tracing the outer boundary of all of the line Boundary Line features Use Existing Image Threshold Use Selected Image Region ROI Use Existing Image Threshold This is only applicable for a grayscale image when a user specified image threshold exists The threshold can be set using the Image Set Image Threshold option Use Selected Image Region ROI This option allows v
202. t and click the Color button Choose a color from the Color dialog box to apply The color defined for the layer will be applied to all the data within the layer automatically with the exception when lines have been labeled with an ID value In this case the lines will use the color defined by the View Line Colors Set Line Color by ID command To define the line type of a layer first select a layer by highlighting it in the layer list and click the Line Type button Clicking Define Line Types the Line Type button will bring up the Define Line Types dialog box See m Line Style p Line Thickness Figure This will allow you to choose Solid type of line from the list to apply to the C Dash Unit Piel layer Dot For layers with closed polygons the C DashDot polygons can be displayed with a fill hatch pattern using the View Fill Polygons DashDotDot command To define the fill hatch pattern cas first highlight a layer from the list and then click the FillHatch button Clicking the FillHatch button will bring up the Fill Hatch dialog box See Figure Select a pattern from the list to apply to the layer Click the Current button to set a selected layer as the current layer if you are going to work Horizontal within this layer All data created from ee automatic vectorization or interactive tracing Gate Cancel will be put i
203. t IDs command is selected a Font dialog box appears allowing you to interactively set the font parameters The menu item is grayed out if no point data are available 4 16 3 Font for Text Notes command Fonts submenu This command defines the font and size used for displaying text notes The font information is saved to the project file if one is created The font is used in later session when the project file is opened When the Font for Text Notes command is selected a Font dialog box appears allowing you to interactively set the font parameters The menu item is grayed out if no text notes are available 111 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS Image Menu Commands Image processing functions used to dean up images prior to vectonzation The Image menu offers the following commands Information Shows the image parameters such as data type dimensions and image type Region of Interest ROT Defines regions of interest for vectorization and cropping Crop Image by ROI Crops image using defined regions of interest Clear All ROIs Removes all defined regions interest Image Pixel Tool Shows and changes change pixel values It is used for raster editing Vertical Flip Flips the image vertically Horizontal Flip Flips the image horizontally pose Transposes the current image or rotates the image 90 degrees Check Angle Checks image skew angle for image rotation Rotate Rotates the current image to a user defined angle
204. t you can now assign or modify an ID number to an existing line Simply select the line Increase ID every time by fo using the left mouse button and enter the value in the Current ID Value dialog box Cancel See Figure 17 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL 1 5 7 The Keyboard Use the keyboard to enter alphanumeric data and initiate menu options When in the zoom mode use the ARROW keys PAGE UP and PAGE DOWN keys to scroll in the IMAGE WINDOW R2V uses shortcut keys for quick access to some of the frequently used functions The following is a list of hot keys F1 Help function F2 Zoom in This can be used with a selection rectangle drawn using the left mouse button or move the cursor to a specific area to zoom F3 Zoom out 4 Opens the Image Contrast dialog box for grayscale images 5 Shows the image in full view or fits the entire image the window F6 Goes back to the previous view CONTROL Left Mouse Button Gets the distance measurement to show in the Status Bar at the bottom of the IMAGE WINDOW SHIFT Left Mouse Button Draws a selection rectangle under any editing mode SPACEBAR Finishes a line while using the New Line command or t under Line Editor New Line Toggles the Auto Tracing mode on and off c under Line Editor New Line Finishes the current line by connecting it to the starting point to make a closed polygon S or 8 un
205. te system 104 VIEW MENU COMMANDS This command is enabled only when control points are defined or TFW parameters are available To define control points use the Edit Control Point Editor or the Vector Select Control Points commands To read TFW parameters from a TFW file or control points from control point file use the File Load Control Points TFW command Please note the image itself is not physically changed in any way instead only the coordinate display of location is recalculated 4 9 Paper Space Coordinates command View Menu This command is used to turn on the paper space coordinate display While in this display mode cursor locations are calibrated using the image scanning resolution dots per inch or centimeter Distance measurements are also calibrated using the paper unit and vector lines are displayed using their defined line width or thickness This command is enabled when an image and its scanning resolution parameters are available You can use the Image Information to define or change the image resolution parameters Please note the image itself is not physically changed in any way instead only the coordinate display of location is recalculated based on the image resolution 4 10 Image Contrast command View Menu This command will display the Image Contrast dialog box to allow adjustment of the image contrast used for display See Figure This command is only used for grayscale i
206. th command is selected a B Spline Smoothing dialog box appears See Figure The Number of nodes to be added between existing nodes defines how many more nodes will be added between the existing nodes to smooth the line The Number of nodes to be added 2 smoothed lines will have more nodes than the huder original ones OK Cancel The default value for the number of nodes to be added is 2 If this is the first B Spline smoothing click the Apply button to perform the smoothing Smoothed lines are displayed on the screen when the processing is done 141 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS Click the OK button to confirm the B Spline Smoothing operation If you want to recover your original data without the smoothing select the Cancel button The B Spline Smooth command is often used together with the Smooth Lines function You can use the Smooth Lines command first to remove redundant nodes and then use the B Spline Smooth command to smooth the lines The Smooth Lines command can also be applied after the B Spline Smooth command to reduce the number of nodes 6 8 Snap Lines command Vector Menu This command connects lines together using a user specified gap threshold When the Snap Lines command is selected a Snap Lines dialog box appears See Figure The parameters in the dialog box include Distance threshold for snapping pixels and an Enter distance threshold for
207. the line Release the left mouse button to confirm the line segment Repeat this step to continue tracing Press the SPACEBAR to finish 57 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 3 1 5 New Rectangle command Line Editor submenu Use this command to switch to the rectangle drawing mode to add rectangles The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Point the cursor at an image location where you want to start a rectangle and drag the mouse to finish the rectangle Release the left mouse button to confirm the rectangle You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 3 1 6 New Circle command Line Editor submenu Use this command to switch to the circle drawing mode to add circles or ellipses The cursor will change to a Cross Cursor Point the cursor at an image location where you want to start a circle and drag the mouse to draw a bounding rectangle Release the left mouse button to confirm and a circle or ellipse will be created You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Line Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse
208. the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 5 3 Move Point command Point Editor submenu Use this command to move point to a new location The cursor will change to a Move Cursor Point the cursor at a point and hold down the left mouse button to move When the point is moved to the desired location release the left mouse button to confirm the new location You can switch to a different editing session by selecting another option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Point Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 5 4 Set ID Value command Point Editor submenu Use this command to set the current ID value to be used to label a point The Current ID Value dialog box will appear to allow you to enter a number See Figure The value can be either positive or negative After the ID value is set you can start labeling by switching to the Assign ID mode under the Point Editor If the Increase ID every time by option is selected then the current default ID value is increased by the 70 EDIT MENU COMMANDS specified increment value or decreased if the ses Current ID specified value is negative every time you label a point If the option is not selected all the points Get Curent ID Az labeled will have the same ID value u
209. the image is displayed The menu item is grayed out if the image data is not available in the current session 4 6 2 Image ROI command Overlay submenu This command toggles the display of a selected image region of interest This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing The menu item is checked when the image ROI is displayed The menu item is grayed out if the image data is not available in the current session 4 6 3 Lines command Overlay submenu This command toggles the display of extracted lines This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing The menu item is checked when lines are displayed The menu item is grayed out if the image is not yet vectorized or no line data is available in the current session 4 6 4 Line Nodes command Overlay submenu This command toggles the display of node markers for all of the existing lines This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing 100 VIEW MENU COMMANDS The menu item is checked when line node markers are displayed The menu item is grayed out if the image is not yet vectorized or no line data is available in the current session 4 6 5 User Color for Nodes command Overlay submenu This command toggles a user defined color for line nodes on and off This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing By default line nodes are displayed using the line color The
210. this command is called a Convert Line and Point IDs dialog box appears to enter the parameters see Figure Convert Line and Point IDs X m New ID Old ID Scale Offset Scale fi Offset 0 K Cancel Lines Paints The new ID values is calculated using the following formula NewID Scale Offset For example if the Scale is 1 and Offset is 0 then the ID is not changed If the Scale is 2 and the Offset is 0 then the new ID will be twice the value of the original ID 6 28 Select Lines By Width Vector Menu Lines vectorized using the Auto Vectorize command will have a line width attribute detected from the source image The line width is measured in pixel unit This command can select lines with a range of width into a new layer or the current layer Line Width display can be turned on or off using the View Overlay Line Width command Select Lines By Width xj m Line Width Range Min Max Apply Into Layer New Layer River OK Current Layer Cancel 151 WINDOW MENU COMMANDS Window Menu Commands The Window menu offers the following commands which enable you to arrange multiple views of multiple documents in the application window New Window Creates a new IMAGE WINDOW that views the same document Arranges windows in an overlapped fashion Tile Arranges windows in non overlapped tiles ge Icons Arranges icons
211. to a file so it can later be used with the Batch Vectorize command Click the Open button to load a predefined script file 6 4 Information command Vector Menu This command shows the total number of lines and the average number of nodes per line The information can be used to verify the vector data processed by the vector processing functions such as Smooth Lines Snap Lines and Delete Lines Length When the Vector Information command is selected an R2V for Windows dialog box appears with the vector data description See Figure R2 for Windows i Total Number of Lines 2569 Average Number of Nodes 10 6 5 Adjust Orientation command Vector Menu Adjust Data Orientation m Data Types Flip Vertical Lines Flip Horizontal Points Rotate 90 0 Text Notes Rotate 30 Dered Use this command to adjust the vector data orientation When the Adjust Orientation command is selected an Adjust Vector Data Orientation dialog box appears See Figure Operations include Flip Vertical Flip Horizontal and Rotate 90 Degree You can combine the operations to change the orientation of the current vector data The vector data is modified by this command so you should save your vector data 6 6 Smooth Lines command 140 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS Vector Menu This command does a global nodes thinning using a user specified threshold
212. to save your images to a new file so the changes won t be lost For 1 bit monochrome or grayscale images you can go to the next step to start the vectorization process If you are working with a color image you may want to perform a classification first to clean up the color image before vectorization For some color images with noise pixels you can use the options under the Image Image Pixel Tool submenu or the Image Editor under the Edit menu To remove noise pixels use the Map Pixel Values command to change pixel values to the correct color You can clean up unwanted pixels by using the Draw Pixel Value command to redraw the pixels in the image 21 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL Step 4 If your image has the same type of lines for example a map separate with only contour lines or a parcel map with only parcel boundaries then you can vectorize your image using the Vector Auto Vectorize command If you need to create several layers to organize the vector data you have to define the layers to be used Use the Edit Layer Define command for this See Section 3 1 Layer Define command Edit Menu After the layers are defined select one layer as the current layer to store vector data from the automatic vectorization or interactive tracing processes When vectors have been generated for one layer you can select another layer as the current layer to create more vector data f
213. to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 8 Transpose command Image Menu This command is used to transpose or rotate the image 90 degrees The Transpose command changes the raw image data You should save the image first if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 9 Check Angle command Image Menu This command is used to interactively measure image skew angle for image rotation After this command is selected the cursor becomes an Angle Cursor 4 Find a location in the image where rotation is obvious for example a horizontal vertical line that is tilted Click the left mouse button on the line and release it to define the anchor point Move away from the anchor point and click the left mouse button and release to define the first line Move away from the first line and you will see a second rubber band line that will form an angle together with the first line The second line xi should indicate the corrected position of the ch first line if the image is rotated When the cursor is at the right location click the left mouse button and release to confirm the second line The angle 40 168358 degree An R2V for Windows dialog box will appear to display the angle you have measured See Figure The angle is in degree and can be used for image rotation 119 IMAGE MENU COMMANDS 5 10 Rotate command Image Menu This command is
214. trol menu R2V for Windows prompts you to save documents with unsaved changes Shortcuts Mouse Double click the application s Control menu button Keys ALT F4 47 EDIT MENU COMMANDS Edit Menu Commands All data layers can be edited using the editors or editing commands described in this chapter The Edit menu offers the following commands Layer Define Defines updates and sets the status of layers Layer Manipulate Moves or copies data between layers Line Editor Starts the interactive Line Editor tool Use the right mouse button to select the editing functions Auto Line IDs Assigns a unique ID to each line automatically Image Editor Starts the interactive Image Editor tool Use the right mouse button to select editing options Point Editor Starts the interactive Point Editor tool Use the right mouse button to select specific point editing functions Delete Points Deletes all current points Auto Point IDs Assigns a unique ID to each point automatically Control Point Editor Starts the interactive Control Point Editor tool Use the right mouse button to select specific control point editing functions Control Point Displays the statistics of currently selected control points Statistics Performs coordinate conversion between State Plane UTM and Latitude Longitude projection systems Delaunay Calculates and displays Delaunay Triangulation using the Triangulate currently specified control points Use the View Ov
215. u item is grayed out if the image is not yet vectorized or no line data is available in the current session 4 6 9 Line Width command Overlay submenu This command toggles on and off the use of line width detected from the vectorization process If it is checked the detected line width is used in the display If not the width defined by the layer is used for display Lines with different width can be selected into different layers using the Vector Select Lines By Width command The menu item is grayed out if the image is not yet vectorized or no line data is available in the current session 4 6 10 Points command Overlay submenu This command toggles on and off the display of the point feature layer This option is for display only and will not affect any data or processing The menu item is checked when the point data is displayed The menu item is grayed out if the point data is not available in the current session 4 6 11 Point IDs command Overlay submenu This command toggles on and off the display of the ID value of all points This option is often used during the point labeling process Use the View Fonts Font for Point IDs command to change the font type and size The menu item is checked when point IDs are displayed The menu item is grayed out if the point data is not available in the current session 4 6 12 Control Points command Overlay submenu This command toggles on and off the display of contro
216. umn to the table for adding new attributes to the points The Delete Column button deletes a selected column from the attribute table The Rename Column changes the name of a selected column To edit or enter attributes for a point you can click on a point in the Image Window The corresponding row in the attribute table will be highlighted You can also select a row in the table to highlight the corresponding point in the image window Click the OK button to finish 73 EDIT MENU COMMANDS 3 8 Control Point Editor Edit Menu The Control Point Editor On Off command is used to start the Control Point Editor to select or modify control points for vector data registration Once the Control Point Editor is started the cursor will change according to the editing function used The initial editing function is New Use the right mouse button to get the pop up menu for editing options or select the options from the Edit Control Point Editor submenu The Control Point Editor options are Add a new control point Move an existing control point Change the specified control point destination coordinates Delete an existing control point Check control point residual error Pick a point in the target image and use it for the source image with the New control point option Deletes all control points within the IMAGE WINDOW Deletes the world file data for the IMAGE WINDOW 3 8 1 New
217. up menu to initiate commands or 2 6 7 18 d to change the editing mode To select option from the pop up menu first use the right mouse button to bring up the pop up menu and then use the left mouse button to select an option 1 5 4 The Mouse A two button mouse lets you position the cursor and select items on the screen Click the left mouse button to select menu options and screen objects Click the right mouse button to display a pop up menu of available submenu options during an editing session You can also use the mouse to draw a selection rectangle which is a rubber band box that defines an area on the screen 1 5 5 Draw A Selection Rectangle and Measure Distance In R2V for Windows there are many places you need to draw a selection rectangle to indicate the image region of interest The rectangle is used by the zoom commands and some editing functions To get a selection rectangle in the selection mode Arrow Cursor hold the left mouse button to drag a selection rectangle in the IMAGE WINDOW When the cursor is not an Arrow Cursor the selection is not directly available because it is currently in an editing session such as the Line Editor or the Control Point Editor To get a selection rectangle during an editing session you need to hold the SHIFT key down and hold the left mouse button at the same time to drag a selection rectangle in the IMAGE WINDOW The current editing s
218. urrent before putting data into it When doing automatic vectorization or interactive tracing all vector data generated will be put into the current layer When doing editing and vector processing all layers currently turned on will be available to the functions For layer sensitive functions such as line snapping and polygon creation R2V will use layer information to make sure lines and polygons are processed correctly When exporting a vector file all vectors in the on layers will be saved in the output file If you need to export only one layer you should turn all the rest of the layers off and leave only one layer on for the exporting DXF export is an exception because it completely supports layers When saving to a DXF file all layers and are exported 20 INTRODUCTION AND TUTORIAL 1 6 2 R2V Tutorial Follow the steps below to experiment with the software This will enable you to have a better understanding of how data layers are handled and how easily you can get your raster images vectorized Step 1 Start the program by double clicking the R2V for Windows Icon Step 2 Open an image by selecting the File Open Image or Project option Specify the image file name tif or bmp in the file Open dialog box The original image is displayed in the IMAGE WINDOW Step 3 Resize the IMAGE WINDOW by moving the mouse to the display window s border and drag
219. used to rotate or deskew the image to a user defined angle When the Rotate command is selected a Rotate Image dialog box appears See Figure If the Angle to Rotate is unknown use the Image Check Angle function to measure the Angle to rotate 0 0 360 Degrees skew angle The angle is defined in degrees within the range of 0 to 360 No decimal Turm left OK point is used Select the Turn Left option Right when rotating an image counter clockwise and select the Turn Right when rotating an image clockwise The rotation is performed around the image center and the white pixels are filled in if rotated outside the current image range Some pixels will be lost during this process The Rotate command changes the raw image data You should save the image if you plan to use the image and the extracted vector data together in the future 5 11 Crop Region command Image Menu This command is used to crop a subregion Define Image from the current image cropped region can be used for further processing To crop Confirm enter new locations a region an image region needs to be Left 255 Right 833 defined by holding down the left mouse button and drawing a selection rectangle Top 8 7 Bottom 442 After the selection rectangle is defined select the Crop Region command from the Image menu When the command is 2 Cancel selected a Define Image Reg
220. utomatically processed Log File without requiring SHP ArcView user input batch log Cancel The generated vector 138 VECTOR MENU COMMANDS data is saved to a vector file of the same name as the image file but with a file extension corresponding to the selected file type Use the ArcInfo gen file type if you intend to edit the vector data using R2V If image preprocessing and vector post processing functions need to be applied in the batch click the Edit Script button or use the Vector Batch Script command to create and edit a batch script The processing status information is saved to a Log File batch log by default The generated vector data is saved to a vector file of the same name as the image file but with a gen file extension You should verify the vector data using the File Import Vector command after the batch job is finished The created vector file can then be saved to a different vector file format using the File Export Vector command 6 3 Batch Scripts command Vector Menu This command allows you to create and edit a batch script to include high level R2V image processing and vector processing functions for batch processing All functions supported by the batch script can be accessed through R2V s main menu When the R2V Script Edit Dialog box appears you can select a function from the Functions list which lists all functions supported Se
221. will display a message Reload your image after vectorization and after vectorization your IMAGE WINDOW will be black If you see this message save your vector data using the File Export Vector option and close the IMAGE WINDOW Reload your image using the File Open Image or Project command or the file name listed under the File menu and then read in your vector data using the File Import Vector option 6 1 1 Vectorizing Color Images For a color image image classification is suggested as a preprocessing step See Section 5 22 Classification command Image Menu Image Classification command classifies the image into classes and then applies the vectorization function For a classified color image if you want to generate the boundary lines from only one class simply draw a selection rectangle within the class and then use the Vector Auto Vectorize command with the Boundary Line mode selected You can repeat this step to add more class boundaries to the current vector data set Use the Center Line mode if line centers are to be traced For a good quality color image you can try to vectorize it directly by selecting a rectangle training area before you use the Vector Auto Vectorize command The selected rectangle region is used to get color information as a classifier to extract all lines similar to the training area Select a rectangle by holding down the left mouse button and dragging to the rig
222. xt Lines editing mode that allows you to delete all vectorized text lines within a detected text block The cursor will change to a Delete Cursor Point the cursor within a red box text block marker and click the left mouse button All vectorized lines within the box will be deleted Repeat this step to delete other text lines located within text blocks When lines are deleted incorrectly you can use the Undelete command under the Text Block Editor to recover You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 83 EDIT MENU COMMANDS You can terminate the Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 12 2 Delete All command Text Block Editor submenu Use this command to Delete All vectorized text lines located within text blocks in the entire image or within a selected region if a selection rectangle exists When lines are deleted incorrectly you can use the Undelete command under the Text Block Editor to recover You can switch to another editing session by selecting a different option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button You can terminate the Text Block Editor by selecting the Done option from the floating pop up menu brought up by pressing the right mouse button 3 12 3 Undelet

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