Design Document – Team Gamma
Contents
1. pressing the options button takes you to the option menu of the ground station In the options you can change various things about how the ground station behaves For more information on the options see gt A 3 A 1 Livestream The live stream serves as general communicator between the CanSat the ground station and the smartphone devices When starting the live stream the ground station starts expecting data eventually forwards the data and logs the data The GUI of the live stream consists of a graph to display the received data a scrollable text field for direct display of the received values a menu bar offering the ability to adjust the axes of the graph a stop button which stops CanSat Groundstation X Axis Y Axis Stream of data 1 748907478E9 5 3496309E8 a 1 40981301E9 1 51904672E8 2 146628413E9 1 152443954E 1 931179344E9 7 05415284E8 1 403624536E9 1 839843654E 2 5321977E7 1 771001028E9 9 88949088E8 7 53179693E8 f 9 25606537E8 1 286208944E9 1 627833828E9 1 868353499E 1 277498475E9 1 080957736E5 1 81301478E9 2 076631119E9 2 99527762E8 2 00637146E9 1 575473775E9 1 291742559E 1 78326052E8 8 42565275E8 8 91758138E8 1 285147912E9 Altitude m Livestream the receival of data a pause button which pauses only the display of data and a back button which takes the user back to the main menu and ends the live2. Facebook was chosen because nearly everybody has a Facebook account and can like and spread the word for our Apollo 12 and YouTube because it s freely available and can be watched by everybody whenever they want 4 2 Blog Over at our blog everyone can follow our process of building the CanSat getting a general overview over Our mission and also to see if anything fancy happened like sponsor partners and or completing various task Team Gamma CURRENT PROJECTS EUROPEAN CANSAT 2014 FEDERAL COMPETITION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE Home Aboutus Projects Download Contact Home CanSat 2014 High frequency testing Helix Antenna Hello followers a little follow up on our last post which was about our antenna The Antenna now got tested in the high frequency labor of the University Bremen and fulfilled all requirements that are needed 432 9 MHz Very good news for all of us Have a good one Till Schlechtweg on behalf of Team Gamma Read More Fig 34 Example Post Picture Team Gamma Paged 6 4 3 Logo Idea AN We designed the logo with one of our main ideas in our back heads simplicity we wanted to create something that is simple and good looking at the same time that is how we got the idea for our simple but still good looking logo Also our team name which is related to the canceled idea of measuring radioactivity was also why we choose the gamma symbol for our logo GamMmh Team Gamma 4 4 Other A presentat
3. al nd 9 aE T eee en N PI o o E E eee 33 5 1 Tune Schedule of the CanSat Preparation mevescionanda anidaci n 33 92 RESOUrCS ESUMAON pa ai dei csi si ici eci siaa 34 Dik Bad SCE o OMNI ONC IS mesas cee mane 34 e E UID POU cc castors E A E E E R E R 34 o A o O 35 Be VCS A AN A A E E E E E E 35 O E E 35 ZOU aca PrO OTI oca 36 A sue E A E E A E E 36 Aa BIO aee T 36 Team Gamma CURRENT PROJECTS EUROPEAN CANSAT 2014 FEDERAL COMPETITION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE Home Aboutus Projects Download Contact Home CanSat 2014 High frequency testing Helix Antenna Hello followers a little follow up on our last post which was about our antenna The Antenna now got tested in the high frequency labor of the University Bremen and fulfilled all requirements that are needed 432 9 MHz Very good news for all of us Have a good one Till Schlechtweg on behalf of Team Gamma Read More pones 36 AS A o ova feaseasesaanensenetood osastemen sence sce T 37 AB A INCL rondar dd 37 gt Mie ma Guide Ines nens ooo 38 Page 3 Dl AeA CU AG Cs aie haranharh esl eta a sheaths cared ciedomaleaiedoseteath a 38 AAA e A A 38 Appendix A Ground Station User Manualen a 40 AMAN oir bo 40 ALEDO si 40 Al EXPO IO de E 40 AER PO TOE E E E T E ca db al 41 ALO EPO 6 Be oN A O 41 AL DOOR E a 41 IA AP aa ussancsesaetiataomanisaoen awsaaucsnetesiaseni ew 41 A ane daa E S 41 SIONES ASES ALA Ae 42 Appendix B Android Application User
4. 20 2 C 65 5 RH Circuit conditions Ve 5 020 05V DC VH 5 040 05V DC RL 10 0k0Q 1 Preheating period 7 days or more under standard circuit conditions Fig 28 TGS 2600 BO0 Specifications not CO Picture TGS 2600 B00 Datasheet These figures show that we could first of all only measure once in perfect conditions and also we would need about 7 days of preheating which on battery is nearly impossible Response time 90 gt 10sec Resume time 90 gt 30sec Fig 29 MD62 CO Gas Sensor Specifications Picture MD62 Datasheet You could try and preheat the heating element yourself but you re in risk of destroying parts that don t compensate for that heat We could have used other gas sensors but all in all the searching of a suitable sensor was too time consuming That s why the idea was completely abandoned 2 5 4 Changing the Plan amp Time Schedule Because of many issues which came to us while we were finished with the planning phase we lost time and were in need to change our general Apollo 12 measuring plan The components were ordered but they did arrive a week later than expected which did throw us back again Most of the components were tested fast and the plan for our construction was already completed after placing everything were it should have been belonged it didn t fit Neither in the Can nor on the boards itself We needed to change our plan again The Arduino Software was complete
5. Freitag 28 Marz 2014 16 46 10 Attribute E Schreibgeschitzt betrifft nur Dateien im Ordner Ubemehmen Fig 36 Dropbox Folder Picture Team Gamma Page 8 Our Dropbox is organized as follows 1 Ground station a Planning b Libraries 2 Construction and technic a Antenna b Arduino code c Parachute d GPS e JSON f Sensors 3 Organization a Pictures b General documents 1 Meetings ii CanSat Kit documents c General planning d Documentation 4 Android Application a Code b Data transfer c Planning d Other 5 Issues This is of course very general and in the Fig above you can see much more folders and files Everything is documented in our Dropbox and can be seen upon request Page 39 Appendix A Ground Station User Manual After starting the program a graphical user EEE interface opens displaying the main menu of the ground station The main menu offers three options and an exit button to close the application Livestream Pressing the live stream button takes you to the live stream of the ground station The live stream is used for processing the received data For more information on the live stream see A Export CanSat Groundstation pressing the export button takes you to the exporting options of the ground station These options give you the ability to process the data that 1s logged by the live stream For more information on exporting see gt 4 2 Options
6. xml layout file A XYPlot is able to show a coordinate system and to show values on these With this features we are able to create a corresponding line chart in the application 2 3 1 3 2 Options Menu When we talk about options we mean everything the user can adjust in our application to his likings For example this includes the number of shown values when the user watches the live stream or as another example the color in which the chart will be drawn To make these options adjustable every time we created a number of classes which include the different options As one example for these options there is a ConnectionOptions java class which includes a number of Strings and every option has its dedicated String There is one for the IP address on for the Port and so on The ConnectionOptions java implements our own options interface An interface has different functions which must be available in the class which implements the interface This 1s important for our Options java which creates an object of each options class ConnectionOptions java is only one example out of several classes which works with the same principle like the ConnectionsOptions java The Options java has a singleton pattern which allows us to create only one object of this class This very important because 1f there are more objects of this class we would not have the same information in each object But with the singleton pattern which basically just has a function to get
7. Don 03 04 14 2 3 2 5 forwarding via database Fre 04 04 14 Don 24 04 14 2 3 2 2 transmitting and recieving data Don 30 01 14 Don 13 02 14 4 2 3 1 datahandling amp GUI Don 23 01 14 Don 24 04 14 2 3 1 1 research Don 23 01 14 Mit 29 01 14 2 3 1 2 specific structure plan Don 30 01 14 Mit 05 02 14 2 3 1 3 main menu and main threads Don06 02 14 Mon 10 02 14 2 3 1 4 add options Die 11 02 14 Don 13 02 14 2 3 1 5 visualize the data Fre 14 02 14 Don 20 03 14 2 3 1 6 export of data Fre 21 03 14 Don 17 04 14 2 3 1 7 optional features Fre 18 04 14 Don 24 04 14 2 3 3 testing phase Fre 25 04 14 Don 08 05 14 4 2 2 construction of the CanSat Fre 31 01 14 Don 08 05 14 2 2 2 JSON Fre 07 02 14 Mit 12 02 14 4 2 2 3 parachute Fre 07 02 14 Don 13 03 14 2 2 3 1 planing and construction Fre 07 02 14 Mit 19 02 14 2 2 3 2 building and testing Don 20 02 14 Don 13 03 14 2 2 1 general planning Fre 31 01 14 Don 06 02 14 4 2 2 4 hardware Fre 07 02 14 Mit 09 04 14 2 2 4 1 board layout Fre 07 02 14 Mit 26 03 14 2 2 4 2 board soldering Don 27 03 14 Mit 09 04 14 Fig 31 Time plan v start v end y 2 2 4 2 board soldering Don 27 03 14 Mit 09 04 14 2 2 5 develop Arduino Fre 07 02 14 Don 24 04 14 3 completed CanSat Don 08 05 14 Don 08 05 14 4 4 testing the whole system Fre 09 05 14 Don 29 05 14 Fre 09 05 14 Don 29 05 14 Fre 09 05 14 Don 29 05 14 4 3 testing App Fre 09 05 14 Don 29 05 14 task name 4 1 testing hardware 4 2 testing groundstation
8. I AAN E 23 A A nn E E E A E E E A 23 Zde L ODO e E E E ES 23 Po A Po NAE 100 O A E E A E E E A E A 23 PA A Bo Mh Ze SOC CU A o Cn 23 EA EA E A E E A EAEE T 23 ARAN A A 23 PAE SEAN SS T RO eo E acecelctse abana ten totssevanesacenclosaasatees 23 Dr WIC A en E E 23 IS SS O A A oo A 23 Zoa EQU CUPO pico iodo aba 23 21 2 SOMW ae EXPOS Osio stos ippo etico 24 Page 2 DO Di Del PACA li 24 LES BOLAS NA o TEE IO sccm o O II O 24 IA SUM M AL AEA AS IEEE D EPP e e o O tases eet EAT ENTE 24 Didi e T ONO A 24 e POIS AE T OOO NO PPPOo U U 070 0 o e NU seioucione Sunde vaceeces 24 PS IN A eee eee eee a eee 24 NS eNO OOS sce A E o 24 Ds uD relic SCE CM yaa snes yee tb AN S E 24 bs Oo OS MAS AA SSR E E Ce E E 24 Zi DoD O o A 25 Pe Dir E AAI S oases cae OO o O nn 25 IES OPE E ISSO EOE EN A A A ANE E EN E 26 E AA E E E R A 21 SN SAP nn E 27 A 27 DE E A SN A OS E N E A a 28 A A o En 5 OO 29 2 5 1 Hardware Error UART to USD DUO sc sicssssacosccestwasensnntancnextwanaseacaiacestwasmaseadeadeostwaeadonnees 29 De WOU SEIS ONS scp asec dee tag stcvea e o HO A 29 A PP A een E E 30 2 5 4 Changing the Plan amp Time Schedule oocccccccoooonnnncnnnnnncnononocnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnonncnnnnnnnnnnnninnnnss 31 200 Arduino Crash Soltware senal less irreal 31 EOS AA nies snesindiedteabeeasaablageuconesiadite 32 2 6 6 Arduino Memory leak Issue JSON ooooooccnnccccccnnonocnccnnnnnnonononocnnnnnnonononnnornncnnnnnononaninenoss 32
9. Paged3 3 2 Resource Estimation 3 2 1 Budget amp Components Budget 1s a very big factor for our project so this is estimated very carefully One of the bigger problems was to get financial support for the flight From Germany there is no easy way to get to Andones Norway our travel is were the most money lies The Fig 21 shows everything we estimated for sensors Number Sensortyp Description Notes Price Articlenumber Website Quantity 1 Infrarot Temperatur TMP006 13 60 ADA1296 Watterott 1 2 GPS Modul Venus GPS 41 49 GPS 11058 Watterott 1 3 GPS Antenne VTorch 10 54 GPS 00177 Watterott 1 4 Infrarot Temperatur MLX90614 17 21 SEN 09570 Watterott 2 5 3 Achsen Gyro L3aG4200D 46 76 SEN 10612 Watterott 1 6 Temperatur amp Feuchtigkeit DHT 2 11 62 ADA365 Watterott 1 T Feinstaub Sensor GP2Y10104U0F 13 50 COM 09689 Watterott 1 8 OneWire Bus OneWire X1 7 14 GHI452 Watterott 1 4 Infrarot Temperatur MLx90614 AAA 13 60 647454 Distrelec 1 9 Feuchtesensor HIH 4000 001 21 00 240583 Distrelec 1 10 GPS Modul EM 408 33V 34 90 667724 Distrelec 1 11 GPS Modul EM 411 45 65YVW 26 90 667723 Distrelec 1 12 Temperatur Modul SMTIRMODOSSTD 52 20 562209 Distrelec 1 13 1x7 Pol Buchsenleiste 90 216602 8 137 127298 Distrelec 1 14 1x6 Pol Buchsenleiste 215297 8 100 122378 Distrelec 2 15 1x8 Pol Female to Male 201695 6 1 00 127520 Distrelec 2 Fig 32 Spreadsheet for Sensors Picture Te
10. amp Components Page 34 3 2 3 Time 3 3 Test Plan The whole system will be tested within the range of 09 05 2014 to 29 05 14 Everything will be already tested to that point in it on respect everything together will be tested within these 20 days as well as fixed and polished It s a pretty tuff schedule but for us this 1s totally fine because we had enough time to probably build our Apollo 12 and all 1ts software 3 4 Test Results As first test we did test the transmitter for the 1000m range and tried to send data which in an open field is no problem without a hull As a second test we tried it with our Yagi Uda Antenna which was also successful over an even bigger distance without the can Page dD 4 Outreach Program The outreach program of our Apollo 12 project contains a few aspects 1 Social Facebook YouTube 2 Blog team gamma de 3 Newspaper of Bremen Weser Kurier 4 1 Social Everything we do will be recorded and then posted on our blog but the videos will be uploaded to YouTube and a little status update with a link to our blog post will be posted on Facebook 26 Januar 4 Ay Cansat 2014 Team Gamma hat einen Link geteilt Today we were featured in one of our local newspapers gt read more http team gamma de weser kurier Team Gamma Weser Kurier team gamma de Weser KurierHello followers today we Gefallt mir Kommentieren Teilen 9 Fig 33 Example post Picture Team Gamma
11. error and fix which consists of just turning RTS off 2 5 2 Sloth Sensors In our guidelines it s stated that the CanSat needs to send data every second and ongoing Still we had a little discussion on either we send data as soon as it s available but having more problems working with it Because it s like a MySQL database with a whole table full of nulls with the exception of the time field We illustrated the two solutions and got with the first Solution PageZ 9 Sensor Solution 1 fastest Sensor Start aa lt A Sensor 1 gt CanSat l a 1 2 Seconds A recieves recieves sends Fig 26 Solution 1 Picture Team Gamma Sensor Solution 2 slowest Sensor Start 3 recieves recieves gt updates Ende Fig 27 Solution 2 Picture Team Gamma Of course there would have been much more solutions to this problem saving the data and then sending it and much more but for our Apollo 12 these two were the best and we got with the first Solution 2 5 3 CO Because of the sloth sensors described in 2 5 2 we had many issues finding fast sensors for measuring CO and CO we cancelled these objectives to focus on the other issues we had The CO are sloth Page 30 because of their heating element which in some cases needs a horrendous amount of time to heat up before good measurements can be made Standard test conditions Temperature and humidity
12. our work to their liking also no one has the right to use our documents and code commercially The progress reports feedbacks design document code as well as pictures can be found under team gamma de download Page 2 CanSat Description 2 1 Apollo 12 Requirements To fulfill our mission the following requirements need to be completed 1 CanSat a Landing without destroying of the whole system b Saving and logging the data to SD 2 Ground station a Flawless receiving of data b Exporting to the various formatting 1 to txt 11 to csv 111 to xls iv to bmp v to printer c Display of data 1 1n realtime li without errors 3 Android Application a Flawless receiving of data 1 per database 11 per ground station server 11 per file import b Flawless exporting of data 1 to teamgamma c Displaying of data 4 Antenna a Can be deconstructed b Works in the right frequency The following requirements are optional 1 CanSat amp Antenna a Receiving data while the CanSat is in air b Making photos 2 Ground station a Easy to use and user friendly 1 Other languages 11 Simple menu b Exporting of data 1 to kml 3 Android Application a Sidebar b Easy to user and user friendly 1 no random crashes li graphs can be modulated on their axises 4 Website a Working live stream b Displaying of values while the CanSat is in Air Page 2 2 Mechanical Structural Electrical Design 2 2 1 An
13. rating We did choose a resistor with 300mW just to be safe Fig 9 Middle board top Picture Team Gamma Page 14 Fig 10 Middle Board bottom Picture Team Gamma At the top there is the EM 411 mounted on one of the back plates then the SD humidity and temperature board after comes the pressure acceleration board Then the main uC Board Fig 11 uC Board Picture Team Gamma The next board is the transceiver Fig 12 Transceiver Picture Team Gamma The whole construction from top to bottom looks like this Page LD gt Z A Z E z Z E Fig 13 Apollo 12 Picture Team Gamma For the pin out of sensors see gt Appendix C The infrared temperature sensor is focused on the Can because the Can 1s very thin aluminum the Can will adapt the outer temperature very fast Everything will be glued together with hot glue not the boards but rather the components to give them a snug hold when the rocket starts 2 2 2 2 Outer Hull The outer hull will be mostly held together by the long screws and nuts As seen in this figure Fig 1 Outer Hull of Apollo 12 Picture Team Gamma Page 16 This construction was tested under heavy G forces and withstood all tests The tests were made possible by ATLAS ELEKTRONIK GmbH and their shaker With the next figure we want to show you what we planned exactly The screws will almost the whole force that will be present on our CanSat a
14. s necessary to recode library s or formats that are already available to the public and work like a charm There is no point in doing a similar thing that has the worse properties than what we can t even do It shows that we can adapt on things and are willing to use the work of others to help us complete our tasks Paged 2 4 Recovery System Description Diameter Area Symbol Values Unit ravit 2A y 2em oes Y e id nass d 2sqrt F P cy o p 12235 gim density of air ne sin gt g C ej or airresistens O eo m s final speed A AS number of tiles d 32 9307921 Ap 922 751323 Each Tile Al oe area dj 32 93079209 cm__ diameter At 115 2439153 cm2 larea of one tile At 115 343915 Fig 22 Excel Spreadsheet for calculating parachute diameter and area Picture Team Gamma One idea to recover our CanSat was to cushion it via a CO gt Cartridge which would blast a little airbag out of our CanSat but that idea was abandoned because of missing knowledge missing resources it s dangerous and it needs space too much space Now we have made some research on the topic of parachutes how to build and calculate them We have made an excel spreadsheet Fig 1 to calculate how big our parachute needs to be to brake our falling CanSat to the guideline speed Fig 23 CAD of our Parachute Picture Team Gamma The next equation is for calculating the minimum needed area of our parachu
15. stream A 2 Export The export menu allows for several options to process the data logged by the live stream Selecting each of these options will open up file browser asking for input mostly csl format and sometimes even output locations for the data that 1s supposed to get exported Pressing the back button takes you back to the main menu A 2 1 Export to kml CanSat Groundstation Exporting Selecting this option will allow for an export to the kml format This format is used by Google Earth to display routes In our ground station exporting to kml exports the GPS data that 1s logged by the Page HO ground station to something that can be processed by Google Earth to display the route of the satellite A 2 2 Export to xls Selecting this option will export the selected data to the xls format xls is a format used by Microsoft Excel and in this case used to display the data in Microsoft Excel using a table and a graph A 2 3 Export to csv The csv export is a simplified version of the xls format csv is a really simple table format and can be imported by every table editor or even databases In our csv export the first line 1s used for column names each column is separated by a comma and each row is separated by a new line A 2 4 Export to txt The txt export serves as a really basic export of the collected data to the text format txt txt 1s the most basic text format In the exported txt document on
16. to view them 2 3 1 5 1 6 fragments Contains a class for each displaying fragment without the androidplot fragments 2 3 1 5 1 7 fragments_androidplot Contains a class which can display values in real time and a class which can display imported values or values from our database PageZ 2 Lalo SON In this package all messages will converted to their right data types All messages received from the Socket package will be forwarded as a String to this Json package Json creates a JSONObject which allows us to translate the data into a useable data format Za LS Man Contains the MainActivity which is called when the program starts 2 3 Ove LO options Contains a class for each kind of options a class which can handle with the different kind of options and an enum within the names as keys for the different types of options Additional there is a class for the reading and writing in and out of the options txt and a class which generates a new options txt when the app starts its first time 2 3 1 5 1 11 sensors The Sensor package saves data to a Sensor object This Sensor object contains 20 values and timestamps from one Sensor For each new value the oldest value will deleted and the new value will appended to the last index The Sensor object will be transmitted to the graph to show the data 2 3 1 5 1 12 socket The Socket package provides the connection to the ground station The Android Smartphone works as a Socket Client an
17. website not connected to a CanSat This option also turns off the automatic FPS calculation for the exporting option View logged pictures SO peon you can test this option with pictures that 77 sssssues weren t generated by the camera on our CanSat v Save received data Save received data determines if the received data should be logged into a csl file or not Stream data to smartphone determines if the received data is being forwarded to the smartphone application Stream data to website determines if the received data is being forwarded to the database and with that to the website stream Language allows you to select the language of the ground station API key gives you the ability to change the API key used when communicating with the database that is connected to the website Location of log files determines the output location of the csl files logged by the live stream You can alter this option by clicking on the field that contains the file path Page4 2 Appendix B Android Application User Manual B 1 General info When you start our application the first time you have to generate a new options txt by clicking on the displayed button If you already have an existing options txt you can select and open it It is quite easy to use our android application The main navigation is handled by the navigation drawer slide menu which can be open by a slide from the
18. will be casted to a JSONObject for easier analysis and the names of all sensor values will be given to the Sensornames class The DatabaseCoordination gives the response from our database to the Sensordata class which takes the values from the JSONObject and writes these to a ValuesList The ValueList returns an ArrayList which will be transmitted to a chart 2 3 1 5 Software exposition The Javadoc is located at team gamma de docs app 2 3 1 5 1 Packages 2 3 1 5 1 1 widget Contains only one class which gives us the option to add a vertical seek bar to a fragment 2 3 1 5 1 2 data This package contains static and constant variables It also coordinate the data from the real time communication The data will get from the Socket package as a String All Strings will convert with the Json package to the right data types The data will be transmitted to a class inside the Sensors package and then to the graph Parallel will the data saved to files with help of the Fileoperations package 2 3 1 5 1 3 database The Database package is used to connect the app to our own database and get values of sensors from it The values will transmitted to the graph 2 3 1 5 1 4 filebrowser Contains only one class which allows us to display the smartphone folder structure 2 3 1 5 1 5 fileoperations Here are all file operations executed This packet is used to generate a separate file for each measurement and each sensor Moreover the data is read back here
19. Manual ooonnnnnncccncnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnononnnnnnnncnnnnnnnnnnnos 43 AECA A RO O 43 RN 43 B2 LTO ea T FO RE a Re 43 B2 2 SCNSOR THAMES o Sii 43 B o IAS EOS A Oo A 43 074 E Orme nett 43 B23 OPIO Sinai 43 APpendix C Sensor Pills sais asas 44 Page4 1 Introduction 1 1 The Idea of Apollo 12 One of our early ideas was to measure radioactivity of the surrounding area with our CanSat after some research on the topic of radioactivity we let the idea fall down because the tubes that measure these kinds of radioactivity need hundreds of volts and are not really suitable for a can Now our idea 1s to make a fully open sourced CanSat where we will publish all information for hobbyists or people that are just interested in the topic Not only the hardware part of the CanSat which mostly contains sensors and the CanSat kit are important but also the software which is essential to get an overview of what is happening with the CanSat and the surroundings So the idea was to make a fast and easy way to see data in real time so we would not have to hold a laptop in our hands at all times So we thought a little about it and asked ourselves what is tiny and can be carried around easily of course one item that most people already have available the smartphone That leads us to our android application which has three ways for receiving data Nonetheless our laptop will not be left behind it will have its own applicatio
20. Minus Board doesn t have a 3 3V Regulator build in we needed a Z Diode 3 3V and for current limitation an resistor in front of it The resistor needs the resistance of Uall Uz Tall At first we need Izmax which is the maximal current the Zenerdiode can handle this is calculated with the help of Ptot which is the power loss of the Z Diode in this case we used a 3 3V Z Diode which has 5 00mW power loss I B Ptot zmax U7 E 0 5W zmax SV Izmax 100mA Now we need the minimum current flow for which in this case we will consult the datasheet of the Zenerdiode Izmin 1mA Now we can calculate the whole current which in this case is Izmax plus the gyrp current Tall Izmax IL Iall 100m4 6 1mA Tall 106 1mA Now we can calculate the resistor which is there for protecting the Z Diode as follows 5V 3 3V Page 13 For the actual power loss on the Z Didoe we will calculate Pz Uz lall Pz 3 3V 106 1mA Pz 350 13mW With this calculation you can see that the Z Diode with 500mW maximum power loss is more thatn enough to handle this situation Now let s see what resistor we need the resistor boosts our current a little bit lali Uges UZ Rv lan 5V 3 3V tt 16 Ohm Tall 106 25mA The resistor needs a specific maximum power loss rating Prv Uall Uz x Iall Prv 5V 3 3V 106 25mA Prv 180 625mW For the resistor we need a minimum of circa 200mW power loss
21. am Gamma The travel expense is about 2500 The material cost for the antenna and some other equipment are not listed because these were sponsored by ourselves estimated about 500 3 2 2 External Support We did talk to many external companies and public media Most of them did respond kindly Rheinmetal Defense that they would really like to sponsor this project because the love the idea but they are currently in a not so good state for a company At OHB Systems GmbH we got an immediate response because we had a contact person Frank Ellmers from the external spokesperson that is Mr Stade he would arrange a meeting with Dr Fritz Merkle that is a member of the executive board of OHB Systems GmbH and also a professor of nature sciences After this meeting OHB Systems GmbH or more to say Mr Merkle agreed to sponsor and help Team Gamma with the financial and other resources Financially with 2500 two thousand five hundred with other resources we mean that for example there is a shaker at the OHB Systems GmbH which can simulate high G forces on our Can for testing purposes Watterott also agreed to sponsor us with their components we can order 75 seventy five worth of sensors free of charge Distrelect is one of the late sponsors which agreed to sponsor us our needed components from their warehouse Our contact person was Erik Gravenius he and his company did sponsor us all the parts listed in the Figure in 3 2 1 Budget
22. between our MySQL database and the laptop which will get all the measurement data from our CanSat The MySQL connection is essential for our CanSat because the live team gamma de website needs a quick and easy way to obtain measured information He generally takes care of the back end part of our laptop application that will handle everything connection related and also will handle the data format Mr Ciupka s workload 1s quite high because no one has real experience with frequency and antennas so we get external help from our University Bremen located nearby Marc Huisinga 17 1s the second member of the ground station group He will help with building our antenna with specific requirements The front end part of our laptop application 1s also developed by Mr Huisinga The front end part will contain the graphs with measurement data and everything related to our measurements as well as options to save and export data in various formats He needs to research for the knowledge of the GUI Graphical User Interface library in Java which will be Swing The workload of Mr Huisinga is high because GUI development is not easy lots of fiddling and building an antenna with no prior knowledge is a big task to do Alexander Feldmann 17 is pending between our ground station and hardware group because he has the task of building the antenna with Mr Ciupka and to design and construct a prototype parachute The parachute will be designed to give th
23. cansats IN europe IMA 11010 EM 2014 european competition gamma team Design Document Team Gamma Bremen Germany TEAM GA mM Page 1 Table of Contents AA O MI II II eae oaeee ese saee J Me AMS OA o 12 e E E gicoci cs a My We Aa a AAPP II A A 5 LSSI DO sc toi 7 A A o E A 8 Dh POG 12 TREC WIT CTC US a ates peepee E nye neta tuese E 8 2 2 Mechanical Structural Electrical Destin x ccsicsvaresecoesseuesnasieneensereiasuarienacoucrwunsnedeenacesensensuereenacds 9 Die PRM Ve UG OOOO POP OPC o EE E AE A A E A E E 9 ARAS e o A E A sesauensiees 12 REPRESA 12 AER OSEA OI ee ee 16 2L SD O 18 ESA E E E E E UA 18 Di eZ IMG TE ETE O E AIT TEE ATE 18 LSO DE e E E E 19 2 3 1 Android Application Design occcccccccnonnonccnnnnnnnnnonnnnnnnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnncnnnnnnonnnaninnnss 19 PRAA Ee aiei TE A on O 19 Lo LEFT AA 19 23 A ASA E ROI 19 Dhl Data C OOrd NaNO dd is 19 2 ala iaa o AAA A RA 20 1 SA AA A e O O nc E eae 20 e AAA o A 21 PLEDD TES O e PE ORAR PO PO A E E O S 21 SE AAA o E 21 2 EA Recieval Tom Pile eesse an EE E aE E 22 23s kA Recievyal from Datahase ARI ee II TE ENTENEN EEEE 22 PU o OM ale EDOS O e E A 22 e N Mea cdl PC Ae 8 ae ange sone ance nace E E A E E E E AE E 22 EN A A 22 DNs DMZ AVA AAA E E E E 22 Did SA A oo E O Ze 2 Merce UN DO Wy SU iii ori 22 PAs A SO T E AEE AAA E E E A 22 Do og yO Wil CUM IN a A acute AE A E E E 22 ZAS Wil Cie MES adro a E 22 SEA PA o
24. d by print was directly used as an argument for Serial printin and so there was no reallocation of reserved memory we changed our code so that the pointer was first stored in a local variable and was freed using free void after printing our JSON to the screen so the memory leaks were fixed Page 3 2 3 Project Planning 3 1 Time Schedule of the CanSat Preparation task name start end 4 1 planning Mon 20 01 14 Don 30 01 14 1 1 specific definition of the project Mon 20 01 14 Sam 25 01 14 1 2 find sponsoring partners Don 23 01 14 Don 30 01 14 1 3 creating of PSP PFP MSP Don 23 01 14 Don 30 01 14 4 2 general work Fre 31 01 14 Don 08 05 14 a 2 1 develop Android App Fre 31 01 14 Don 08 05 14 4 7 1 1 planning Fre 31 01 14 Don 13 07 14 2 1 1 1 general planning Fre 31 01 14 Don 06 02 14 2 1 1 2 specific defination and design Fre 31 01 14 Don 06 02 14 2 1 1 3 UML and structure of the app Fre 07 02 14 Don 13 02 14 a 2 1 2 develop Fre 14 02 14 Don 01 05 14 2 1 2 2 GUI easy display of data Fre 14 02 14 Don 13 03 14 2 1 2 1 transmitting and recieving Fre 14 02 14 Don 20 03 14 2 1 2 3 graphical display of data Fre 14 03 14 Mit 09 04 14 2 1 3 testing the app Fre 02 05 14 Don 08 05 14 4 2 3 developing of the ground station Don 23 01 14 Don 08 05 14 4 2 3 2 datamanagment Don 23 01 14 Don 24 04 14 2 3 2 1 research Don 23 01 14 Mit 29 01 14 2 3 2 3 processing data Fre 14 02 14 Don 13 03 14 2 3 2 4 forwarding via hotspot Fre 14 03 14
25. d during launch and or arrival Page 18 2 3 Software Design 2 3 1 Android Application Design 2 3 1 1 Structural Design 2 3 1 1 1 Task The main task of our android application is the visualization of every value we get from our Apollo 12 There are various different ways to obtain information The values can be obtained from the database a file or the server running on our laptop The application also shows the position from Apollo 12 and uses Google Maps to show exactly where it 1s located near us The last task 1s to show our website team gamma de when you start the application 2 3 1 1 2 Required Equipment You only need a smartphone running Google Android with at least the version 2 3 Some devices with a too little screen will not or not probably show the application because there is no time to develop the application for all screen sizes 2 3 1 2 Data Coordination Socket Database reads data Fig 17 DataCoordination Picture Team Gamma The general design idea was to split the GUI and receiver parts as we did in our ground station that will be mentioned in the next section Page LO The DataCoordination as seen in the figure above is mainly to as the name says coordinate data to each different checkpoint We have three ways of getting data 1 Socket Send from our laptop 2 Database MySQL 3 Read Data saved in files These can be selected directly in our android application The DataCoordina
26. d fast and was built to be able to change the PINs very fast and easy The only problem was to engineer our CanSat the way we planned In the end we have invested a horrendous amount of time in the building of our CanSat but we also planned enough time for this that s why everything can still be finished as planned 2 5 5 Arduino Crash SoftwareSerial As we were beginning to code our Arduino or so to say the T Minus main board There was a problem that if we would use the this fix for our code and then try to access the Software Serial object we created to communicate with our GPS module But after trying to see if data is available the Arduino crashes and reboots We did not find any fix or the actual problem No one seems to have this kind of problem because Arduino s IDE 1s not the best for bigger projects like this one Paged 1 2 5 6 Internal Guidelines We have very strict internal guidelines and planning for everything there is between groups Like code style database structure but not every member does fulfill these guidelines all the time that s why sometimes we had issues that shouldn t have been there in the first place In the end the making of these guidelines was very good and helped us a great amount in completing our Apollo 12 faster and without more problems than needed 2 6 6 Arduino Memory leak Issue JSON The Arduino never printed more than 12 JSON objects to the screen and then just stopped for a unknow
27. d gets data from the ground station which works as a Socket Server The Server sends the message as a String to the Client Android Application The Socket Package forwards the String message to the Data Package 2 3 1 5 1 13 value This package works as a data type The Value package contains the classes Value and ValueList The Value class contains an Array of Double with two indexes The first consists of a timestamp of a Value from a Sensor and the second consist of this respective Value The ValueList is a class who append easily timestamps and Values to a Value Object and add this to a ArrayList 2 3 1 5 1 14 webView Contains one class which allows us to display our website into the application 2 3 2 Ground Station Design 2 3 2 1 Structure 2 3 2 1 1 Task The ground station is supposed to be the central point of communication It is supposed to receive the data transmitted by the CanSat transmit it to the smartphone application for our CanSat log the data in a database log the data in a local file visualize the data and provide several options for visualizing the logged data 2 3 2 1 2 Required equipment The ground station was written in the interpreted programming language Java To run the ground station you only need a computer that is capable of running Java and the interpreter JRE7 Paged 3 2 3 2 3 Software Exposition The Javadoc is located at team gamma de docs ground 2 3 2 3 1 Packages 2 Sed Aad COMEFO The con
28. d to be quite power efficient because the battery needs to last one hour They need to run on five Volts if possible So Mr Neumeyer and Mr Schlechtweg as the hardware group have quite a workload which is constantly helped with by the whole team Mr Neumeyer 1s also our specialist for developing web applications so he will also develop the live team gamma de website which will display a live graph of the measured data received Robin Bley 18 is our android application developer As well as Mr Brennecke he has to fiddle with all the Android SDK related stuff and 1s responsible for the back end part of the android application This contains all data handling as well as making a solid connection between the ground station and the android application This will be made possible with a Java socket connection through a WLAN Hotspot started with our laptop He needs to obtain the knowledge to complete the task of transmitting and receiving data with the Java socket he also needs to know the format and how to get specific information needed from it His interest lies in the topic of software developing and planning he also would like a job in that general direction Alexander Ciupka 16 1s part of our ground station group which will build the antenna needed for our specified frequency and also the software needed to see all the data in real time and to get a good overview of the CanSat and its flight Mr Ciupka specific task is to develop the connection
29. e CanSat a safe way to land and to be in the requirements of falling speed of 8 to 11m s and the fall period with a maximum of 120 seconds His workload is basic Mr Feldmann is more of a basic helper with all the tasks and he is boosting the team morale Still the building of an antenna as well as a parachute is not an all day task as stated in Mr Huisinga s and Mr Ciupka s paragraph The time dedicated by Marc Huisinga Till Schlechtweg Alexander Feldmann Alexander Ciupka Robin Bley and Kevin Neumeyer is exactly the same as Mr Brennecke s time management The time we can offer at school and the time we dedicate specifically to CanSat at one of our school labors which is less than or more than seven hours depending on the week and private dates Pageb 1 3 Mission Objectives Our secondary mission is to make a really easy to use plug and play ground station that 1s available to all people even with no prior knowledge This means everyone can operate our CanSat after a brief instruction which includes android application and windows application We will also write a user handbook for our ground station and the android application This means everyone can use these softwares without requiring an instruction from us We want to measure various values these being Temperature Humidity Pressure Acceleration X Y Z and also collect data for easy position tracking using GPS We will also use the pressure collected from the pr
30. hart The Connection options give you the possibility to enter a port and an IP address of one of our java socket servers and connect to them Last but not least the Export options gives you the possibility to change the director of automatically saved files Page4 3 L3642000 L3642000 13642000 13642000 13642000 13642000 13642000 L3642000 1M1Px41154 11Px41154 11Px41154 11Px41154 1M1Px41154 1M1Px41154 VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs VenusGPs TMP006 TMP006 TMP006 TMP006 Appendix C Sensor Pin Out VCC Resistor with Diode 3 3 V VCC see L364200D0 gt VCC GND VBAT see VCC MOSI PIO9 MISO PIDO SPI CLK SPI CSN GND 3V bY GND AQ DP26 DP25 DP24 DP27 DPO DP1 GND DP50 A0 BV GND NC NC NC 3 3V GND 3 3 NC NC NC NC NC DP 15 NC NC DP 33 NC NC DP 32 NC 5V GND DP 5 DP 25 DP 24 DP 26 5V GND NC NC BV GND AG Page44
31. he top means everything will be reflected This is mostly driven by the wire being at the exact bottom 1f the wire is too high from the reflector it will reflect more of the energy it receives and 1f you press it more towards the reflector plate without touching you receive more of the energy While the first antenna was built by gluing foam pads together and had a pure 69cm by 69cm metal reflector plate the second antenna was constructed from aluminum pipes and plastic tubing for the holders of the actual copper wire The bottom plate is pressure wood with aluminum foil 2 2 2 The Can 2 2 2 1 Sensor Placement We have to get many sensors in place and on our boards the TMPO006 the L3G4200D the HIH 4000 001 a Micro SD Breakout MPX4115A and the EM 411 The EM 411 which is a GPS sensor will be placed on one of the blank boards and then the antenna will look out the front of our Apollo 12 that way it gets the optimal connectivity to them GPS satellites Fig 7 EM 411 looking through the top Picture Team Gamma Page 12 The Micro SD Breakout will be placed on one of the through hole boards together with the HIH 4000 001 Humidity Sensor and the TMP006 infrared temperature sensor There is just enough room for these three to fit without interfering themselves Fig 8 Top board Picture Team Gamma The L3G4200D a gyroscope and the MPX4115A a pressure senor have their own board because the L3G4200D needs 3 3V and the T
32. imary mission to get an accurate value calculated physically to confirm the GPS location and the height of our CanSat and also to have a reference value for further analysis Also measured data will be available to the public via our website and can be easily exported to various formats these being CSV A simple table format just with commas TXT Default notepad file BMP Windows Bitmap image format XLS Microsoft Excel Format KML Google Earth 3D Path Format Print the data formatted on DIN A4 Cd Rae at a This makes analysis of the data very easy For example you could look on your excel spread sheet you see some interesting values you want to investigate look up the position in 3D and you have everything you need We want to get people involved in seeing data and us being transparent so everything we will do is open source and will be uploaded when finished because of competition purposes Our data will be available online if Andoya has a solid connection to the internet If not the data will be uploaded after the arrival of the CanSat when an internet connection is available The location values are essential to determine where we measured the values because it is always important that you can filter and analyze the data for false positives values Everything is licensed under the General Public License version 3 0 so we do not lose any rights on our code and documents but still everyone can use and modulate
33. ing with the Android SDK Source Development Kit Til Schlechtweg 17 the second team leader has the responsibility is to keep the team communicating between groups and to also develop and construct the CanSat This means doing the Electrical Layout and the programming of the Atmel ATMEGA2560 which is the Arduino s Microprocessor He has to fiddle with a lot of C for the programming and also has to handle the flood of datasheets for every component we need His time dedicated is similar as Mr Brennecke s He will take as much time as possible within school and more than seven hours a week in the reserved labor at school His interests lie in the field of engineering hardware and computer science His workload 1s quite high because all members lack the experience to develop the hardware components So a lot of research needs to be done by him and his partner Kevin Neumeyer 17 is the second member of the developing and constructing group at Team Page D Gamma He is as Mr Schlechtweg responsible for getting the CanSat up and running which means that the CanSat translates all data to a format which 1s chosen by us and also getting the data from all sensors in the first place Mr Neumeyer also has to search for the right components needed for our CanSat They need to be fast as the CanSat will be falling at a speed more than 8m s and less than 11m s which means milliseconds of response time are needed Also most of the components nee
34. ion in our class also gave everyone an idea what we are doing and why The whole class shared our Facebook fan page and is neatly following our progress as well as spreading the word The local newspaper here in Bremen Germany is called the Weser Kurier which already published a news article about us and will publish one after or before the competition in Norway The internal newspaper of the OHB System AG will also have an article about us and how the OHB System AG interacts with us We are also in contact with a few more alternatives which are the local television and some other newspapers sites Fig 35 Logo Picture Page gt 5 Internal Guidelines 5 1 Language Because our team is German we needed a way of separating German and English and that s why we made a little table to see when to use German and when English English 1 Code a Comments b Javadoc 2 Documents a Progress Report b Design Document 3 Social a Facebook b Blog c YouTube German 1 Meetings 2 Dropbox a Folder b Files 3 Internal documents 5 2 Data Management Data management is a very important factor for us we need to overlook all the data we have because at the moment of 280 May 2014 we have a Eigenschaften von CANSAT CANSAT Ort DA Dropboxt5chule Gr e 1 47 GB 1 583 779 020 Bytes Grobe auf Datentr ger Inhalt 734 Dateien 227 Ordner 1 47 GB 1 585 434 644 Bytes Erstellt
35. left to the right or by pressing the button in the upper left corner of your screen When the navigation drawer opens you can choose your favorite element out of a number of displaying elements I hope this little information will help you to understand how to use the different elements we developed for you B 2 Button B 2 1 Home Shows the home screen with our website B 2 2 Sensor names If you are connected to one of our java socket server you can watch a real time stream of the chosen sensor values here B 2 3 Last position This little point gives you the option to watch the latest GPS position of our satellite in google maps if it is installed on your phone This is also only available if you are connected to one of our java socket servers If you want to watch the landing position of our last flight pleas go to the import interface B 2 4 Import Here you have two options you can connect to our database or you can import values from a file If you want to import from a file click on the browse button A new interface will open on which you can select the file you want to open But if you decide to connect to our database there will be a list of buttons displaying the possible sensors B 2 5 Options If you chose options you have to decide between three different types of option The Chart view options gives you the possibility to change the color of the displaying plot and the number of shown values in a real time c
36. ly the transmitted data will be found in an easily readable format A 2 5 View logged pictures The view logged pictures option is used to visualize the pictures taken by the camera on our CanSat It displays the selected pictures with the speed the pictures were taken with Pressing the Pause button will pause the video and pressing the Back button will take you back to the exporting menu A 2 6 Visualize data Visualize data will visualize the selected data in a graph You can zoom in on the graph 2000000000 by selecting an area you want to zoom onto 1750 000 000 Right clicking onto the graph will give you 1500001 00 several more options for the configuration Of i gt sao00 1 1 the graph and also the exporting of the graph 1000000 CanSat Groundstation i 750 000 000 These options mainly consist of an options menu to configure the displayed graph a function to copy the graph to your cache a 250 000 000 function to export the graph to png svg o A and pdf and an option to print the graph E a a E E pressure temperature C humidity Page4 1 A 3 Options Options will provide you several options to alo xi configure the live stream Options y Activate debug mode Activate debug mode activates a debug live stream where random data is generated instead EA of received to test the ground station while it is Stream data to
37. n reason Our idea was that this was caused by a memory leak so we used a library which is used for memory diagnostics https github com sudar MemoryFree which offered a function to determine the remaining available memory First we stopped printing the JSON to the screen to make sure that we could track every possible error source We saw that the free memory was decreasing a lot after reading while reading the values the Arduino creates aJsonObjects After searching and trying to free the memory using the C delete operator we found the function aJson deleteltem aJsonObject to free memory used from aJsonObjects after this we diagnosed that no more memory was leaked while reading the values chart aJsonClass print faJsonObject item i char outBuf char malloc 256 XXX Dynamic size if outBuf NULL i return NULL aJsonStringStream stringStream NULL outBuf Print item amp stringStream return outButf Fig 30 The memory leak causing function Picture Team Gamma After this we started printing again and traced the memory after each dataset after running the diagnostics we were sure there was another memory leak We inspected the aJson library s print function we searched for the implementation of the print function in the source files of aJson As you can see in the screenshot the function allocates 256 bytes of memory used to store the JSON byte wise Our problem was that the pointer returne
38. n to see data in real time and also save the data for later analysis The application will transmit data to a database to make the data available for everyone that sees our website Some ideas came a little later than others for example the GPS tracking to see where our CanSat 1s located and to have a near spot on reference value for our pressure sensor which calculates the height The android application will show the Apollo 12 location if there is Wi Fi or mobile broadband available 1 2 Team Structure Our Team contains seven students each one of them has got a task assigned to them as follows Alexander Brennecke 18 is one of our team leader and the main spokesperson for our outreach program To also give him some work with the CanSat he will develop the Android Application front end which means that he will develop everything UI User Interface related At school Mr Brennecke dedicates as much time as possible depends on our teachers and school workload and more than seven hours a week in one of our school labors which is reserved for us His interests lie in the topic of software which will be one of the main factors in his future work life Mr Brennecke loves to develop and debug software so the work given to him is very interesting for himself He has one of the biggest but not hardest workloads he is the one talking directly to sponsors and giving the blog part of the outreach program new posts and information as well as fiddl
39. rything up and running in a controlled way We just showed the Controller here because there 1s now good way to show everything GUI related The GUI is also controlled by the LiveStream Controller Page 2 O 2 3 3 General Design 2 3 3 1 MySQL Database Spalte Typ Kollation Attribute Null Standard Extra 1 id int 10 Nein keinfe AUTO INCREMENT 2 time timestamp Nein CURRENT TIMESTAMP 3 longitude double Nein keinfe 4 latitude double Nein keine 5 altitude double Nein keme 6 acceleration x double Nein keinfe 7 acceleration y double Nein keme 8 acceleration z double Nein keme 9 pressure double Nein keine 10 temperature double Nein keine 11 humidity double Nein keinte Fig 20 Table sensor_values 2 3 3 2 JSON JSON is a format for transmitting data very easy it has a ti a temp 17 6 ready to go library for Java We have no problems to get WL wi awk eli AAF the data analyze it and then save and or work with them height 1100 time 1293483427 JSON has to main components these being an Object declared by these and arrays that are declared with Fig 21 JSON format Picture Team Gamma JSON makes it very easy to get the data just by as example typing a little function call like this jJsonobject getDouble temp this would get the value of temp as double in this case 17 6 which then can be worked with We did chose JSON because we don t think it
40. specific number that is the position from the pressed element in the slide menu it calls needed functions in the case of pressing the right button In this case statement an object which implements fragment will be created and shown on the display When a class implements fragment it gives the programmer the opportunity to display this class on the screen A class which implements fragment has a onViewCreate method which is called when an new object of this class is created and returns a View The View includes a layout file which is saved in an xml file In this layout file are text fields buttons and any other kind of representable objects defined The onViewCreate method is also able to change the text of text fields and nearly every other representable object in the layout These two things allow us to easily change the displaying content by pressing one of the Navigation Drawer s elements Page2 0 Takes the layout Can work with the text elds buttons etc Change text Addons on pressad Fig 18 GUI workings Picture Team Gamma But this allows us only to display standard objects buttons etc which we need not mainly Our main aim was to have a live chart which displays the actual data the satellite collects For this we implemented the Androidplot library which allows us exactly that but with much less expenditure The Androidplot library is a free open source library which allows us to add a XYPlot to the
41. t that s why Mr Schneider did help us with the adjustment of it Fig 2 Helix Antenna Picture Team Gamma The Antenna seen above was tested in the high frequency labor of the University Bremen the antenna was also measured with a spectrum analyzer to see if it would fulfil our requirements of the wanted frequency Page LO AI A ee eee Fig 4 Spectrum Analysis of our Antenna Picture Team Gamma As you can see the frequency is nearly spot on 432 9 MHz is a pretty good reading that we need to get a good connection to our Apollo 12 Because of the flight we can t really transport the Antenna you see in Fig 2 we needed a portable solution That s why we build a second antenna which can be deconstructed Fig 5 Constructing the second antenna Picture Team Gamma Page 1 1 This antenna is ideal for transport and can be deconstructed to almost the tiniest bit Martin Schneider present in the background was the one to explain us how we can measure the antenna to see if it fulfilled our requirements of the wanted frequency and the easy transportation Fig 6 Reflection of our antenna Picture Team Gamma E In Fig 6 you can see that at the wanted frequency nearly everything will be received and on the other frequencies nearly everything will be reflected from our antenna these are ideal environments for us to work with The bottom of the network analyzer means that everything will be received and t
42. t the time of starting the rocket If we want to open the CanSat we need to open four screw nuts then we can lift of the top half and the battery and power switch will be revealed Also we can lift out the entire Apollo 12 for inspection and or repair long Screws Fig 14 Hull Picture Team Gamma Page 1 2 2 3 Battery 2 2 3 1 Battery Placement The battery will be placed between the EM 411 and the SD Card board as you can see in this picture Fig 15 Battery Placement Picture Team Gamma 2 2 3 2 Runtime sensor mA mv mul TMPOO6 10 5 50 EMI 411 60 5 300 L3G4200D 6 10 3 3 20 13 HIH 4000 001 0 5 5 2 5 MicrosD 150 5 750 MPx41154 10 5 50 AtMega328 0 2 5 1 1173 63 mw Fig 16 Power Picture Team Gamma As you can see our Apollo 12 needs a total of 1173 63mW to operate this will be 236 8mA at different voltages Our battery has a voltage of 9V to calculate our mA usage at this level we will divide the total Watts through the battery voltage 1173 63mW 130 43mA OV 30 43m so we have 130 43mA at 9V We need a minimum of 130 43mA 3h 391 31mAh to operate our Apollo 12 for three continuous hours The AGFAPHOTO Extreme Power has a capacity of 550mAh and is enough to drive our Apollo 12 for 500mAh 13043mA 0 The battery has enough capacity to power the Apollo 12 to the wanted requirements of three hours and a little puffer because this is under ideal circumstances which will not be presente
43. ta and tell the Transmitter class what to do 2 3 2 4 Libraries The ground station uses several external libraries so we do not have to reinvent the wheel for every single feature we wanted to implement These libraries are the following huisinga libs Utility library developed by Marc Huisinga a member of Team Gamma to provide with easy to use language and options components which were used in the ground station to easily implement multiple languages and options saving JChart2D Library for the display of very fast graphs that can be updated in real time used for the live stream display JChart2D was developed by Achim Westermann and can be found under http jchart2d sourceforge net JFreeChart Library for the display of very good looking graphs with multiple extra features and full configuration We used this library in the ground station for the display of the logged data as a graph to visualize a neat looking time graph with several built in features such as pdf svg and png export JFreeChart was developed by Object Refinery Limited and is being maintained by David Gilbert JFreeChart can be found under http www jfree org jfreechart Jssc Java Simple Serial Connector Library for the serial port connection We used this library to create the connection to a serial port JSSC can be found under https github com scream3r java simple serial connector releases Apache POI We used this libraries for the xls exporter Wi
44. te this originates from the book Model Rocket Design and Construction 2 Edition from Tim Van Milligan 2gm p pCa y Fig 24 Formula for calculating the minimum area needed for a certain speed You can then see that every tile has the area originating from the parachute area divided by the number of tiles The final product looks like this Page2 8 Fig 25 The Final Product 2 5 Issues In this Chapter we will list all major problems we came across and were stopping us develop our satellite We think that this is a good way to step into our minds 2 5 1 Hardware Error UART to USB Bridge There is a hardware error on the UART to USB Bridge where when you code your own program to communicate with the bridge automatically turns RTS on so the receiver goes in sleep mode If you turn the RTS back off it goes back to sending data normally RTS stands for Request To Send CTS on the other hand means Clear To Send The RTS signal is to indicate that the DTE requests the DCE to prepare for accepting data DTE stands for Data Terminal Equipment which is in this case our Laptop the DCE Data Communication Equipment is the APC220 when you set RTS on it will not send anything because it is now prepared to get data not to send it We were really intrigued by this and spent a lot of time finding the fix for a not known problem but after many hours we finally did manage to find a customer recession of the product which states the
45. tenna The Yagi Uda Antenna is linear polarized that s why when the CanSat and the Yagi Uda Antenna align perfectly with each other nothing will be transmitted or received and it s also the reason why we wanted to change the type of antenna we use After talking to professor doctor engineer Martin Schneider of the University Bremen we came to conclusion of another antenna design not only the Yagi Uda Antenna Mr Schneider did say that the Helix Antenna is one of the best solutions for our project because of the characteristics she offers For calculation of the Helix Antenna we consulted the professor stated above There is CET 3 10 S This states that the wavelength for A i 69 12cm f is the perimeter of our Helix The squared length of our reflector is also the wavelength For the diameter of our Helix there is d 22cm TT with N 8 winds and the step height of NE a ee 17 28cm 4 4 there is the length of our antenna with n E 138 2cm 4 The antenna gain is calculated with 2 G 15 N s 4 qe the step height being A s 4 and N 8 makes 2 Ca 2 4 A which is G 15 30 For the impedance there 1s Z 1400 7 E A With ga TT it will be PageY a Z 1400 2 7 1400 Fig 1 Reflector Picture Team Gamma The Antenna has a length of 138 2cm and the reflector or bottom plate is 69 12cm long The impedance of our antenna needs to be 140Ohm the impendance needs to be very exac
46. th these libraries it s very easy to create Microsoft office files like doc or xls Page2 5 2 3 2 5 Livestream Design CanSat Visualizes data Livestream using graphs also el showing the data Data stream Passes Data DataWriter Creates a file for each measured File I O Fig 19 Livestream Diagram Picture Team Gamma Passes data for app website Reads data for the respective value from the respective file The liv stream of our ground station and of our android application is essential that s why we invest a lot of time just programming and designing this part of our mission The ground station live stream is designed by Mr Husisinga as shown in Fig 19 The CanSat sends its data to the DataReciever coded by Mr Ciupka that will get the data via USB receiver the data received will then be passed on to our LiveStream Controller which will display all the values on graphs and also show the values received in an nearby box The DataWriter is a backup system when you think about how the application saves values As example the LiveStream Controller will save its data in variables and so that we have a redundant system alias crashes don t mean loss of data we thought we need to directly save the values in an easy readable format which will be just a the received JSON object in an txt file The LiveStream Controller is the one of the main components he houses just the logic to get eve
47. the own Object from it getInstance Out of this object we can collect the data we need at the corresponding situations 2 3 1 4 Data Transfer 2 3 1 4 1 Realtime Connection to a server starts via java socket over this connection we receive the JSON String messages The messages are the measured values from Apollo 12 The String will be forwarded to the DataCoordination which forwards the data to the JSON class In this class the message will be casted to a JSONObject With the help of the constant names Array in the Values class the JSONObject will be iterated through and all Values will be written into the respective Sensor Page 2 1 object The object will take 20 values and their respective timestamp Every new value deletes the oldest value The by the user selected sensor will be forwarded to the realtimeGraph class which displays it as a real time graph All values will parallel be written into a file 2 3 1 4 2 Recieval from File The Read class opens a file and saves all values and their timestamp in an ArrayList of the type Values which takes one value and one timestamp The ArrayList will transmit these to a chart 2 3 1 4 3 Recieval from Database The connection with our database will start at the Databasecoordination class This class starts a new thread and takes the response from our database The thread is the run method of the ConnectionRun class which connects the database with the Connection class The response
48. tion looks up which way is selected and respectively gets all the data in this way formats them right makes a sensor bbject for each sensor these will contain data of the sensor selected in the GUI The GUI gets all the updated sensor objects and looks up which the user wants displayed now the GUI gets the sensor bbject needed and displays the data from it The socket 1s just the way of sending sensor values from our laptop to our smartphone The database 1s just the MySQL database created for our website but is implemented here for a more redundant system After the CanSat flight all values are saved in txt files if you still want to view the values that is no problem Everything you need to do is select the read from file option and the data will be displayed 2 3 1 3 Graphical User Interface 2 3 1 3 1 Main Design Our Android App works with the Android Navigation Drawer sidebar The Android Navigation Drawer is located in the standard Android library and allows us to implement a sidebar which can be open by sliding from the left border of the smartphone to the middle The user can also open it by pressing the button in the top left corner When an element of this side menu is pressed a method gets the position of the pressed element based on his position and saves the position as an ordinal This number will be given to a switch statement which is like a filter for determining what to do with the value When the switch is called with the
49. trol package contains the controller for the entire program and the GUI Controller Both as the same suggests control certain parts of the program The controller is the highest level access point of the ground station and serves as communicator and controller for every process in the software The GUI Controller mainly controls the graphical user interface of the software 2 3 2 3 1 2 database The database package is responsible for the connection to the database and the sending of received data to the database 2532 5 1 3 EXDOrt The export package is responsible for everything that is related to the exporting algorithms the exporting menus and the display of the data It contains the exporting panel which displays the exporting options the exporting algorithms for the various file formats and the display panel for the display of the data as graph and the display panel for the pictures logged by the CanSat 2 3 2 3 1 4 livestream The live stream package does everything related to the display and the logging of the received data It consists of the live stream panel which displays the data using a graph and a text field the live stream which logs the data generates random data in debug mode and inserts the received data into the live stream panel and the TransmittedData which contains the values and units that are being recognized by the ground station 22 2252 ME The main package contains the MainFrame which contains all the panels
50. used for GUI display the MainMenuPanel which serves as the display for the main menu and the DefaultPanel which contains several basic GUI configurations that are used in every panel of the GUI 2 3 2 3 1 6 options The options package is responsible for the display of the options using an OptionPanel and the administration of all the options shown on the OptionPanel in OptionKeys Anc bid Sr Ver The server package 1s responsible for the java socket server We need a server like this to send the data to our smartphone application It contains the messages and the Server class In the messages class we can create messages data which will be send to all clients on the Server The Server class cares about the creation of the server and also handles the joined clients 2 2 2 Lo transmitting The transmitting package 1s as 1ts name implies responsible for the transmitting of the received data to all other stations smartphone application website etc It contains the Transmitter class which just coordinate all the transmission work Also 1t contains the TransmitOptions class which tells the Paged 4 Transmitter class where the data should send to 23230 Lo USO The usb package contains the whole serial port connection to read the received data from the antenna It contains the USB class which starts the serial port connection and also read the data from the serial port Also it contains the Receiver class which save the received da
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