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1. sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssssssssssssssssssassssssssesssssssssssssssssesessssesesesee Optical Mechanical and Thermal Considerations 4 1 Mechanical Interface seessccssssssssscsscssssssssssccssssessssscssssesscessssesscssssssssesssssessssssecssesssssesssesssssesecessrssssessessesssseseesssees CCD Handling Instructions 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 4 Spyder2 User s Manual 5 1 Electrostatic Discharge and the CCD Sensor 5 2 Protecting Against Dust Oil and Serate hes sssini 5 3 Cleaning the Sensor WindOW sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssissssssssissssissssistsnisssnssssssssassssssssssssssssses 46 Troubleshooting 47 b Common Solti nsise i E Ea 47 6 2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interfoce eccsssssssssssssssssscsssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssssssssssssssssessssssssssssesssssesssessste 48 6 3 Specific Solutions seessssssssssssscssscscssssssssssssssessessssssesesessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssasssesessessseesseessaseessseessessesseseseesst 50 6 4 Product Support Camera Link Reference 53 Al Camera Link Configuration Tihle sssi 54 Networking Mode Error Handling and Command List 57 B1 Networking Mode u csscssssssssssssssssssssssssssccssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessessssssssssessssesssssessssssssesesssssee 57 BR Error Hand ling ss rel esses e 59 B3 C
2. 30 Spyder2 User s Manual To calibrate the analog gain Syntax cag t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable values are 1 for one tap or 0 for all taps Since the Spyder2 is a one tap camera the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable Line average in a range dependent on the current camera data mode setting 8 bit 64 to 251 DN 10 bit 256 to 1007 DN See section 3 11 Returning Video Information for more information on line averages Notes e This function requires constant light input while executing e This command sets gain in uncalibrated mode Related Commands gla gl Example cag 1 156 3 14How to Calibrate the Camera 03 32 10091 04 Calibration Overview This camera has the ability to calibrate itself in order to remove non uniformity in the image This video correction operates on a pixel by pixel basis and implements a two point correction for each pixel This correction can reduce or eliminate image distortion caused by the following factors e Fixed Pattern Noise FPN e Photo Response Non Uniformity PRNU e Lens and light source non uniformity The two point correction is implemented such that for each pixel V output Vinpue 7 FPN pixel digital offset PRNU pixel where Laren digital output pixel value Vipi E digital input pixel value from the CCD PRNU pixel PRNU correction coefficient for this pixel FPN pixel FPN correction coefficient for this pixel The calibratio
3. This command requires a constant light input and only works in uncalibrated mode Calibrates the analog offset The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps The second parameter is a line average in a range from 1 to 100DN for 8 bit mode and 4 to 400 for 10 bit This command only works in uncalibrated mode DALSA 66 03 32 10091 04 Code Command 2 correction_calibrate_fpn 3 correction_calibrate_prnu 4 correction_set_sample 5 display_pixel_coeffs 6 endof_line_sequence 7 get_camera_id 8 get_camera_model 9 get_camera_parameters 10 get_camera_serial 11 get_camera_version 12 get_fpn_coeff 14 get_line 15 get_line_average Short Form ccf ccp css dpc els gci gcm gcp gcs gcv gfc gl gla Parameters i i i i i i i i Spyder2 User s Manual Description Start FPN coefficient calibration Use css to set sample size Values range from 1 to 100DN for 8 bit mode and 4 to 400 for 10 bit Start PRNU coefficient calibration Use css to set sample size Values range from 64 to 251DN for 8 bit mode and 256 to 1007DN for 10 bit Set number of line samples averaged for pixel coefficient calculations or for output of gla command Values 16 32 64 default Display the pixel coefficients in the order FPN PRNU FPN PRNU Optional pixel start and end values in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count Set the end of
4. camera mounts heat sinks host computers optics encoders and so on 2 2 Input Output Connectors and LED The camera uses a e Diagnostic LED for monitoring the camera See LED Status Indicator section below for details e High density 26 pin MDR26 connector for Camera Link control signals data signals and serial communications Refer to Figure 4 MDR26 Connector for pin descriptions e 6 pin Hirose connector for power Refer to page 14 for pin descriptions 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 12 Spyder2 User s Manual Figure 3 Camera Inputs Outputs Camera Link CONTROL DATA 1 Diagnostic LED O STATUS 12 to 15V and Ground 3 POWER WARNING It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera Incorrect voltages will damage the camera See section 2 2 3 Power Connector for details 2 2 1 LED Status Indicator Table 1 Status LED LED state Priority Camera Condition Status Blinking RED 1 Error Fatal hardware failure Steady RED 2 Warning Monitoring task failure Blinking GREEN 3 Progress Lengthy operation in progress Steady GREEN 4 OK Healthy 2 2 2 Camera Link Data Connector The Camera Link interface is implemented as a Base Configuration in the Spyder2 cameras A Base Configuration uses 1 MDR26 connector and 1 Channel Link chip The main characteristics of the Base Configuration are e Ports supported A B C Serializer bit width 2
5. zZ Oz Parallelism Tilt Die Surface Flatness Lens Mount Camera Thread Mechanical Interface Camera Size Mass Connectors data connector power connector Electrical Interface Input Voltage Power Dissipation Operating Temperature Camera Performance Line Rate Data Rate Data Format Nominal Gain Range Dynamic Range Pixel Response Non Uniformity PRNU uncorrected corrected ECD ECE FPN uncorrected corrected 03 32 10091 04 Units um um um Units Kg Units Volts SE Units kHz MHz dB DN DN DN DN p p Spyder2 User s Manual Notes 180 17 52 0 25 C Mount 46 50 0 25 F Mount 0 6 lt 175 100 C or F mount M42x1 Notes 50x85x50 lt 450g MDR26 female Hirose 6 pin male Min Nom Max Notes 12 to 15 lt 5 10 50 Measured at the front plate Min Nom Max Notes 1 65 512 35 1024 18 2048 40 40 8 bit 10 bit 8 or 10 bit user selectable 10 10 330 1 500 1 5 23 1 2 1 5 6 8 1 3 5 8 1 3 DALSA Spyder2 User s Manual Camera Units Min Nom Max Notes Performance Random Noise DN rms 0 5 10dB gain 0 75 12 0dB gain 2 2 4 10dB gain Calibrated DC Offset DN 3 10dB gain 5 0dB gain 17 10dB gain Antiblooming 100x Responsivity DN nJ 13 642 10dB gain cm 42 845 0dB gain 136 0 16 10dB gain Power Up Duration sec 15 SEE nJ cm2 5 79 530nm 0dB NEE pJ cm2 37 3 530nm 0dB Regulatory Regulatory Compliance CE Shock and
6. 100 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 29 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 13 Setting Gains Optimizing gain in the analog domain allows you to achieve a better signal to noise ratio dynamic range than you would achieve by trying to optimize the gain in the digital domain To set the analog gain mode use the command Syntax sg t f Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable values are 1 for one tap or 0 for all taps Since the Spyder2 is a one tap camera the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable f Gain setting A gain value of 0 sets the camera to its nominal gain 0dB The allowable gain value range is from 10 to 10dB Example sg 0 5 2 To set the digital gain following a background subtraction use the command Syntax ssg t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable values are 1 for one tap or 0 for all taps Since the Spyder2 is a one tap camera the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable i Gain setting The gain ranges are 0 to 511 equal to a gain from 1 to 1 999 Use this command in conjunction with the ssb command Related Commands ssb Example ssg 1 15 Calibrating Gains Instead of setting the analog gain to a specific value you can have the camera determine the gain value by providing the camera with an average output level to use Note This function requires a constant light input while it executes This feature is beneficial for achieving a common output level for multiple cameras in a system 03 32 10091 04 DALSA
7. D E F ports dual processor Subtracts the input value from the video signal prior to the PRNU correction The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps The second parameter is the offset in a range from 0 to 511 Use in calibrated mode only Set the exposure mode 1 Internal SYNC and PRIN max line rate and exposure time factory setting 2 Internal SYNC and PRIN programmable line rate and exposure time using commands ssf and set 3 External SYNC internal PRIN maximum exposure time 4 Smart EXSYNC 5 External SYNC and PRIN 6 External SYNC internal PRIN programmable exposure time Set the exposure time in exposure mode 2 or 6 Value will be a floating point number in psecs For allowable range see the camera help screen h command Set the FPN coefficient The first parameter is the pixel number within the range of 1 to the sensor pixel count The second value is a specified value within the range 0 to 127 DALSA 69 03 32 10091 04 Code 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 Command set_gain set_lower_threshold set_netmessage_mode set_pretrigger set_prnu_coeff set_subtract_background set_sync_frequency set_system_gain set_upper_threshold set_video_mode Short Form sg slt snm sp spc ssb ssf ssg sut svm Parameters Spyder2 User s Manual Description Set the analog gain The first paramete
8. ID get_camera_ID gci Reads camera ID set netmessage mode snm 0 disable default messages enabled 1 enable messages disabled Camera ID The camera ID is a single case insensitive ASCII alphanumeric character A to Z or 0 to 9 To change the network ID for a camera use the command sci i i Where the first parameter is an ID of A to Z or 0 to 9 and the second optional parameter is the camera s serial number To read current camera ID use the gep command 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 58 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual Changing Network ID of a Camera To change the ID of a networked camera even if some or all of the cameras share the same camera ID provide the serial number of the camera as the second parameter when sending the broadcast version of the sci command Example change network ID of camera with serial number abcd to 1 sci 1 abcd Note each camera must be polled following use of a broadcast command The Network Commands The network command is an ordinary camera command prefixed by a network prefix Network prefixes always start with the colon character and are followed immediately by the camera ID addressing a single camera on the network or space addressing all cameras on the network or a Broadcast command The camera replies to the network command only if it is addressed directly The last line of the camera reply error or OK message to the network command is prefixed with the ID of t
9. MHz gt Camera Standard lt NTSC PAL VS VW MW gt Number of Camera Configurations lt 1 2 3 gt Configuration Definition Cx HDW Number of Output Taps Bit Width Number of Processing Nodes where Cx is the configuration ID x is lt 1 2 3 gt HDW is lt Base Medium Full gt Number of Output Taps is lt 1 2 3 gt Bit width is lt 8 10 12 gt Number Processing Nodes is lt 1 or 2 gt Tap Reconstruction In some configurations the reconstruction may change CO is the default output format and must be listed Output configurations that don t conform are listed separately lt Cx Tn Column Start Column End Column Increment Row Start Row End Row Increment gt Camera Color lt Hybrid Mono Pattern Solid gt RGB Pattern Size lt T1 Columns Rows T2 Columns Rows T3 Columns Rows gt Color Definition Column Row Color Where color is R G B Row Color Offset lt 0 1 2 3 gt Column Color Offset lt 0 1 2 3 gt Row Binning Factor lt 1 2 3 or 1 2 3 gt Column Binning Factor lt 1 2 3 or 1 2 3 gt Pretrigger Pixels lt 0 1 2 or 0 15 gt Pretrigger Lines lt 0 1 2 or 0 15 gt Line Time Minimum lt xx us gt Spyder2 User s Manual S 2 1x xK40 512 1024 2048 1 40 VS 2 C1 Base 1 8 1 C2 Base 1 10 1 512 CO 1 512 1 1 1 1 1024 C0 1 1024 1 1 1 1 2048 CO 1 2048 1 1 1 1 Mono T1 1 1 T1 1 1 M 1 0 0 15 512 15 38 1024 28
10. Spyder2 User s Manual Appendix D Revision History Revision Number 00 01 02 03 04 Change Description Manual release Removed Pending from the EMC declaration of conformance Appendix C Changed power dissipation spec on page 7 from lt 7 5W to 5W Added Revision History Removed Preliminary from front cover Updated EMC Declaration of Conformity with new codes In the Spec table on page 7 Updated Nom Dynamic Range from 830 1 to 330 1 and added Max Dynamic Range of 500 1 Is now referenced to 8 bits rather than 10 bits Updated Random Noise rms from 1 6 to 0 75 and 6 4 to 2 2 Updated corrected ECD ECE from Max 3 8 to Max 6 8 Updated corrected FPN from Max 2 to Max 3 DALSA 74 Spyder2 User s Manual 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 75 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual Index A about DALSA 2 analog processing 20 antiblooming 8 applications 6 base configuration 12 13 baud rate 22 bright lines 50 C calibrating the camera 30 calibration dark 31 errors 33 overview 30 results 33 steps 31 time 31 white light 32 camera controls 14 54 Camera Link 53 signals 14 CE 8 command format 20 list 65 reference 57 compliance 8 connector Camera Link 13 data 13 pinout 13 power 15 cooling 39 D dark calibration 31 current 40 patches 50 data bus 14 mode 22 64 rate 7 video 26 53 DC offset 8 debugging 47 digital data 14 digital processing
11. Vibration MIL STD 810E DN Digital Numbers 0 255 also known as gray levels it ECD Exposure control disabled When operating the camera in exposure mode 2 see section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details exposure control is disabled until the set command is sent All other exposure modes operate with ECE or exposure control enabled Test conditions unless otherwise noted 03 32 10091 04 All measurements taken in 8 bit mode Data Rate 40 MHz Line Rate maximum FPN and PRNU measured at minimum line rate DC Offset to be characterized over different line rates Nominal Gain setting unless specified Light Source Broadband Quartz Halogen 3250K with 750nm cutoff filter installed Ambient test temperature 25 C De rating specifications for temperature range from 0 C to 50 C DALSA 03 32 10091 04 Figure 2 Spyder2 Responsivity Spyder2 Responsivity 10dB 14um pixels 12154 2128 202 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Wavelength nm Spyder2 User s Manual DALSA 10 Spyder2 User s Manual 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 11 Spyder2 User s Manual Camera Hardware Interface 2 1 Installation Overview In order to set up your camera you should take these steps 1 Connect Camera Link cables from camera to framegrabber 2 Connect power You must also set up the other components of your system including light sources frame grabbers
12. i e line rate exposure gain etc 3 Make sure there are suitable calibration targets The target to calibrate should be a flat field e g plastic or ceramic for white calibration 4 Set the calibration sample size using the command css see Returning Multiple Lines of Video page 26 5 Perform Dark FPN calibration see Dark Calibration on page 31 6 Perform White PRNU calibration see White Light Calibration on page 32 7 Save settings and pixel coefficients using the commands wus and wpc Note It is important to do the FPN calibration first Results of the FPN calibration are used in the PRNU procedure We recommend that you repeat the calibration when a temperature change greater than 10 C occurs Dark Calibration Dark calibration is used to remove the fixed analog offset from the video path It is recommended you repeat the calibration when a temperature change greater than 10 C occurs To perform dark calibration 1 Stop all light from entering the camera Tip cover lens with a lens cap DALSA 32 Note If your illumination or white reference does not extend the full field of view of the camera calibration will not be successful The camera will send a warning 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual 2 Verify that output signal level is within range by issuing the command gl or gla a valid range is 1 127 If the signal level is too low adjust the analog offset sao If t
13. number Display the online help Set the pixel range for reading end of line statistic and for the region of pixels used in the cag cao gl gla ccf and ccp commands Pixel start and end values in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count Reset the entire camera reboot Reset the pixel coefficients to 0 Restore the camera s factory settings FPN and PRNU coefficients reset to 0 Restore the camera s last saved user settings and FPN and PRNU coefficients Set the analog offset The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps The second parameter controls the digital analog convertor DAC in a range from 0 to 1023 which sets analog offset Offset increases with higher values Set speed of serial communication port Baud rates 9600 default 19200 57600 and 115200 Set camera ID The first parameter is a character A to Z or 0 to 9 The second optional parameter is the serial number of the addressed camera DALSA 68 Code 27 28 29 30 31 03 32 10091 04 Command set data mode set digital offset set exposure mode set exposure time set_fpn_coeff Short Form sdm sdo sem set sfc Parameters Spyder2 User s Manual Description Set the data mode of camera output to 0 8 bit A B C D ports single processor 1 10 bit A B C and D E F ports single processor 2 8 bit A B and D E ports dual processor 3 10 bit A B C and
14. the camera can return all available commands and parameters through the serial interface To generate this list send the command h to the camera Retrieving Camera Settings To read current camera settings send the command gep For an explanation of the camera parameter screen see section B3 Camera Parameter Screen on page 63 DALSA 20 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 2 Command Format The serial interface uses a simple ASCII based protocol e carriage return CR ends each command e Values in square brackets are optional e There are two methods for entering the commands In long form each command is written in its entirety In short form only a predefined abbreviation is required The manual uses the short form e The camera will answer each command with either OK gt or Error x Error Message gt The gt is always the last character sent by the camera e The following parameters are used in the manual i integer f float s string t tap x1 x2 pixel start and stop values 3 3 Processing Chain The following figure is a simplified block diagram of the camera s processing chain The analog processing chain contains two elements a gain stage and an offset stage The digital processing chain contains the FPN correction PRNU correction background subtract and a system gain stage The software commands allow you to set and change all the elements of the processing chain This enables maximum processing flexib
15. 1 04 DALSA 34 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 16 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients You can set or read an individual pixel s PRNU coefficient To set the PRNU coefficient use the command Syntax spc i i Syntax Elements i The pixel number from 1 to the pixel count Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 511 Example spc 10 50 To read the PRNU coefficient use the command Syntax gpc i Syntax Elements i The pixel number to read Example gpc 10 3 17 Test Patterns and End of Line Sequence 03 32 10091 04 End of line Sequence To alleviate post processing Spyder2 offers an end of line sequence that provides basic calculations including line counter line average pixels above threshold pixels below threshold and derivative line sum These basic calculations are the center of most automatic gain control AGC algorithms To activate the end of line sequence use the command els 1 To disable the end of line sequence use the command els 0 Use the sut and slt commands to set threshold values between 0 and 255 for 8 bit data modes or 0 to 1023 for 10 bit data modes To further aid in debugging and cable data path integrity the first six bits of the output of the end of line sequence are aa 55 aa Refer to the table below Location Value Description 1 A s By ensuring these values consistently toggle between aa and 55 you can verify cabling 2 5 s i e no stuck bits 3 A s 4 4 b
16. 2 User s Manual Optical Mechanical and Thermal Considerations 4 1 Mechanical Interface 03 32 10091 04 The camera s electronics are housed in a ruggedized lightweight aluminum case See Figure 9 Mounting The camera can be mounted using the M3 holes metric threaded on its base or top and on its front plate at the corners Environment The camera and cables should be shielded from environmental noise sources for best operation The camera should also be kept as cool as possible The specified operating temperature is 10 50 C measured at the front plate the corresponding ambient temperature range with still air is 0 C to 37 C Mounting holes refer above allow you to attach heat sinking Thermal Management For any CCD camera optimal performance is achieved by transferring heat away from the sensor Keeping a sensor cool reduces the amount of dark current generated Dark current is the leading contributor to FPN PRNU dark offset random noise and other performance specifications especially when a camera is significantly gained i e 10db Generally dark current doubles for every 7 C increase in temperature at the sensor and increases linearly with integration time Further variations in dark current cannot be compensated for with our flat field correction algorithms For this reason at high gains 10dB high temperatures 40 C front plate and low line rates it is recommended that you recalibrate the fl
17. 20 dynamic range 7 EIA 644 Reference 53 electrical specifications 7 EMC Declaration of Conformity 71 end of line sequence 34 environmental considerations 39 error handling 59 error messages 35 exposure mode setting 23 exposure time 23 24 EXRCLK 14 EXSYNC 15 setting 8 18 23 64 troubleshooting 47 F fiber optic light sources 42 filters 42 FPN 7 30 31 33 frame rate 7 framegrabber parameters 55 G gain analog 29 calibrating 29 digital 29 range 7 setting 29 H halogen light sources 42 help 19 hot mirror 42 DALSA 76 03 32 10091 04 illumination 41 image sensor See sensor incorrect line rate 50 input output 11 inputs exteranl sync 15 PRIN 14 interface electrical 7 mechanical 7 39 optical 6 41 parameters 55 serial 19 software 19 L LED 12 35 lens modeling 42 mounts 41 light sources 42 line dropout 50 line rate 8 18 23 24 64 setting 8 18 23 64 line statistics 25 LVDS 53 M magnification 42 MDR26 12 MDR26 connector 11 mechanical specifications 7 mechanical interface 7 39 41 MIL STD 810E 8 mode data 22 exposure 23 networking 57 operating 23 video 22 monitoring tasks 35 mounting 39 N NEE 8 network commands 58 networking 57 noisy output 50 Spyder2 User s Manual O offset analog 27 calibrating 28 optimizing 27 63 64 subtracting 27 online help 19 operational status of came
18. 57 2048 55 56 DALSA 56 03 32 10091 04 Item when programmable configuration the options are separated with a Line Time Maximum lt xx us gt Internal Line Frame Time Resolution lt xx ns gt 0 if not applicable Pixel Reset Pulse Minimum Width lt xx ns gt 0 if not applicable Internal Pixel Reset Time Resolution lt xx ns gt 0 if not applicable Pixel Reset to Exsync Hold time lt xx ns gt BAUD Rate lt 9600 gt CC1 lt Exsync gt CC2 lt Spare gt CC3 lt Forward Spare gt CC4 lt Spare gt DVAL out lt Strobe Valid Alternate gt LVAL out lt Frame Valid Alternate gt Spare out lt Spare gt FVAL out Spyder2 User s Manual S2 1x xK40 512 1000 1024 1000 2048 1000 50 50 2000 5 9600 19200 57600 115200 EXSYNC PRIN Spare Spare High LVAL Spare High DALSA 57 Spyder2 User s Manual Appendix B Networking Mode Error Handling and Command List This appendix describes how to configure your camera for networking mode and provides a list of error messages and a complete list of camera commands B1 Networking Mode The camera s network feature provides the capability to connect and control multiple cameras over a multi drop RS485 link The network feature consists of three commands and a set of definitions describing the behavior of the camera when the commands are sent in network mode Command Short Description Form set_camera_ID sci Sets camera network
19. 8 e Number of chips 1 e Number of MDR26 connectors 1 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 03 32 10091 04 Data Connector Figure 4 MDR26 Connector MDR26 Female 13 Mating Part 3M 334 31 series Cable 3M 14X26 SZLB XXX 0LC 26 14 Table 2 Camera Link Base Configuration Base Configuration One Channel Link Chip Camera Control Serial Communication Camera Connector Right Angle Channel Link Frame Grabber Signal 1 1 inner shield 14 14 inner shield 2 25 X0 15 12 X0 3 24 X1 16 11 X1 4 23 X2 17 10 X2 5 22 Xclk 18 9 Xclk 6 21 X3 19 8 X3 Z 20 SerTC 20 7 SerTC 8 19 SerTFG 21 6 SerTFG 9 18 CC1 22 5 CC1 10 17 CC2 23 4 CC2 11 16 CC3 24 3 CO3 12 15 CC4 25 2 CC4 13 13 inner shield 26 26 inner shield Unused pairs should be terminated in 100 ohms at both ends of the cable Spyder2 User s Manual DALSA 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual Table 3 DALSA Camera Control Configuration Signal Configuration Pin CC1 EXSYNC JD CC2 PRIN 10 23 CC3 Spare 11 24 CC4 Spare 12 25 See Appendix B for the complete DALSA Camera Link configuration table and refer to the DALSA Web site vfm dalsa com for the official Camera Link documents Digital Data The camera digitizes internally to 10 bits and outputs either all 10 bits or the most significant 8 bits in LVDS format on the Camera Link connector Note Due to flat field correction calculations certain di
20. D Sensor Cameras contain charge coupled device CCD image sensors which are metal oxide semiconductor MOS devices and are susceptible to damage from electrostatic discharge ESD Electrostatic charge introduced to the sensor window surface can induce charge buildup on the underside of the window that cannot be readily dissipated by the dry nitrogen gas in the sensor package cavity When charge buildup occurs surface gated photodiodes SGPDs may exhibit higher image lag Some SGPD sensors such as the IL P3 used in the Spyder2 cameras may also exhibit a highly non uniform response when affected by charge buildup with some pixels displaying a much higher response when the sensor is exposed to uniform illumination The charge normally dissipates within 24 hours and the sensor returns to normal operation WARNING Charge buildup will affect the camera s flat field correction calibration To avoid an erroneous calibration ensure that you perform flat field correction only after a charge buildup has dissipated over 24 hours 5 2 Protecting Against Dust Oil and Scratches 03 32 10091 04 The CCD window is part of the optical path and should be handled like other optical components with extreme care Dust can obscure pixels producing dark patches on the sensor response Dust is most visible when the illumination is collimated The dark patches shift position as the angle of illumination changes Dust is normally not visible when the sen
21. NC pulse when in SMART EXSYNC modes to guarantee the photosites are reset The minimum width of the high pulse when the SMART EXSYNC feature is turned off Is the integration time when the SMART EXSYNC feature is available and turned on Note that the minimum time is necessary to guarantee proper operation The minimum and maximun line times made up of tTransfer tREADOUT plus tOVERHEAD to meet specifications The time from the reception of the falling edge of EXSYNC to the rising edge of LVAL when pretrigger is set to zero Pretrigger reduces the number of clocks to the rising edge of LVAL but doesn t change the time to the first valid pixel If the fixed integration time mode of operation is available and selected then the integration time is added to the specified value Fixed Integration Time mode of operation for variable exsync frequency Is the number of pixels per tap times the readout clock period Pretrigger 0 Is the number of pixels that must elapse after the falling edge of LVAL before the EXSYNC signal can be asserted This time is used to clamp the internal analog electronics Applies when the PRIN exposure control feature is enabled The PRIN signal must be held a minimum time after the EXSYNC falling edge to avoid losing the integrated charge Minimum Low time to assure complete photosite reset The nominal time that the photo sites are integrating Clock synchronization will lead to inte
22. See B1 Networking Mode for details Firmware design revision number DSP design revision number Analog gain value set with the sg and cao commands Available only in uncalibrated mode svm 0 See section 3 13 Setting Gains for details Analog offset value set with the sao and cag command The cag command is available only in uncalibrated mode svm 1 See section 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance for details Analog gain value set with the sg or ccp command The ccp command is available only in calibrated mode svm 1 See sections 3 13 Setting Gains and White Light Calibration page 32 for details Analog offset value set with the sao or ccf command The ccf command is available only in DALSA 64 03 32 10091 04 GCP Screen Digital Offset 0 Calibration Status PRNU uncalibrated SETTINGS COMMON TO CALIBRATED AND UNCALIBRAT System Gain 0 Background Subtract 0 Pretrigger 0 Number of Line 64 Samples FPN uncalibrated Spyder2 User s Manual Desctiption calibrated mode svm 1 See section 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance and Dark Calibration page 31 for details Digital offset value set with the sdo command Available only in calibrated mode svm 0 See section 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance for details Calibration status will change to calibrated after a ccf or ccp command has been issued after a power up Calibration status will return to unca
23. Spyder2 Camera User s Manual 2 1x xx40 Line Scan CCD Camera technology with vision 11 May 05 03 32 10091 04 www dalsa com 2 Spyder2 User s Manual O 2005 DALSA All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable No responsibility is assumed by DALSA for its use DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part by any means is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA About DALSA DALSA is an international high performance semiconductor and electronics company that designs develops manufactures and markets digital imaging products and solutions in addition to providing wafer foundry services DALSA s core competencies are in specialized integrated circuit and electronics technology and highly engineered semiconductor wafer processing Products include image sensor components electronic digital cameras and semiconductor wafer foundry services for use in MEMS power semiconductors image sensors and mixed signal CMOS chips DALSA is a public company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol DSA Based in Waterloo On Canada the company has operations in Bromont PQ Colorado Springs CO Woodland Hills CA Eindhoven NL Munich Germany and Tokyo Japan All DALSA products are manufactured using the latest state of the art equipment to ensure product reliability All
24. Value Function 0 Disable selected task 1 Enable selected task Note by default all monitoring tasks are enabled except voltage monitoring Example enable all monitoring tasks wed 0 1 Example disable EXSYNC presence wed 3 0 Temperature Measurement The temperature of the camera can be determined by using the vt command This command will return the temperature inside the cover in degrees Celsius For proper operation this value should not exceed 75 C Voltage Measurement The command vv checks the camera s input voltage and internal voltages during power up If they are within the proper range the camera returns OK gt Otherwise the camera returns an error message Note that the voltage measurement feature of the camera provides only approximate results typically within 10 They should not be used to set DALSA 37 Spyder2 User s Manual the applied voltage to the camera The purpose of this test is to isolate gross problems with the supply voltages 3 19 Rebooting the Camera The command rc reboots the camera The camera starts up with the last saved settings Previously saved pixel coefficients are also restored 3 20 Setting the Pre trigger A pre trigger may be required for some frame grabbers To set the pre trigger use the command Syntax sp i Syntax Elements i Pretrigger value from 0 to 15 Example sp 10 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 38 Spyder2 User s Manual 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 39 Spyder
25. ame Customer phone number fax number Complete Product Model Number e g S2 11 0xK40 Complete Serial Number Your DALSA Agent or Dealer Acquisition System hardware frame grabber host computer light sources etc Acquisition System software version OS etc Power supplies and current draw Data rate used Control signals used in your application and their frequency or state if applicable Results when you run the get camera parameter command Detailed description of problem encountered Q EXSYNC Q MCLK Q PRIN Q Other please attach description with as much detail as appropriate In addition to your local DALSA representative you may need to call DALSA Technical Sales Support North America Europe Voice 519 886 6000 49 8142 46770 Fax 519 886 8023 49 8142 467746 03 32 10091 04 Asia 519 886 6000 519 886 8023 DALSA 53 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual Appendix A Camera Link Reference Camera Link is a communication interface for vision applications For years the scientific and industrial digital video market has lacked a standard method of communication Both frame grabbers and camera manufacturers developed products with different connectors making cable production difficult for manufacturers and very confusing for consumers A connectivity standard between digital cameras and frame grabbers is long overdue and will become even more necessary as data rates c
26. amera Parameter Screen EEES ONERE SEESINANE 63 B4 All Available Commands ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssscessscccccccccccecccccccccecccecceeceeees 65 EMC Declaration of Conformity 71 Revision History 73 Index 75 03 32 10091 04 DALSA Spyder2 User s Manual Introduction to the Spyder2 Line Scan Camera 1 1 Camera Highlights 03 32 10091 04 Features 40MHz data rate Resolutions from 512 to 2k High responsivity Exposure control and antiblooming Programmable integration time line rate gain offset bit depth test pattern and diagnostics Flat field correction minimizes sensor FPN and PRNU lens vignetting and non uniform lighting Camera Link interface Single 12V to 15V power supply Compact design 8 or 10 bit output from 10 bit digitization 512 1024 or 2048 pixels 14um x 144m 100 fill factor Line rates up to 65kHz Description The Spyder2 is a small fast and cost effective camera boasting a full feature set and a Camera Link interface Available in 512 to 2k resolutions Spyder is small light and uses a single voltage power supply Cabling and interface are simplified with the Camera Link high speed serial standard The camera is sensitive but still provides quiet uniform output thanks to CDS correlated double sampling and embedded flat field correction algorithms Gain and offset are fully programmable and the camera can output tes
27. are several restrictions that must be met in order for the calibration to succeed 1 The camera is sufficiently sensitive to detect 60 Hz ambient light flicker which may affect camera performance and calibration results 2 The light level must be set so that all pixels are between 64DN and 254DN otherwise a warning will be sent stating that the camera could not calibrate all pixels to the same level Use the g1 command to determine input level If the signal level is too low or too high adjust analog gain using the command sg 3 The variance in light intensity across the target must not be more than 4 to 1 Because the maximum per pixel digital gain is 2x the camera will not be able to compensate for extremely non uniform light These restrictions are all tested within the calibration algorithm and the camera will report an informal message code if any of these conditions could not be met To perform a white light calibration 1 Place a white reference in front of the camera 2 Verify that output signal level is within range by issuing the command gl or gla valid range is 128 254 If signal level is too low or too high adjust the gain using the command sg DALSA 33 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 Instruct the camera to perform a white light calibration using the command ccp The camera will respond with OK gt if no error occurs To perform a white light calibration with an analog gain value Use the cep i
28. at field coefficients when the temperature shifts by 10 C Note Upon initial power up the front plate camera temperature is near ambient It is recommended to perform flat field correction once the camera gets within 10 C of its DALSA 40 C MOUNT F MOUNT 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual steady state temperature For Spyder2 at an ambient temperature of 25 C and with no airflow the camera takes 90 minutes to achieve steady state and 20 minutes to reach within 10 C of steady state If your system cannot perform flat field correction after warm up consider the recommended methods of reducing dark current and overall camera temperatures see below Reducing Dark Current The Spyder2 mechanicals have been optimized to transfer heat from the sensor to the front plate Therefore to reduce dark current the front plate is the ideal place to mount heat sinks The heat fins on Spyder2 improve conduction and provide a greater surface area for convection airflow Mount fans away from the camera to avoid vibration and direct the airflow on the heat fins to decrease the temperature delta between ambient and front plate temperatures Convection is the ideal method to minimize camera warm up times and reduce dark current generation Both methods either conduction through heat sinking or convection through air flow greatly reduce dark current and will improve your system performance Figure 9 Spyder2 Mechanical In
29. back focal distance Mount Back Focal Distance sensor die to adapter C Mount 17 52 0 25mm F Mount 46 5 0 25mm Detailed mechanicals including front plate opening sizes and the distance from the sensor die to the opening can be found in section 4 1 Mechanical Interface Illumination The amount and wavelengths of light required to capture useful images depend on the particular application Factors include the nature speed and spectral characteristics of objects being imaged exposure times light source characteristics environmental and acquisition system specifics and more DALSA s web site vfm dalsa com provides an introduction to this potentially complicated issue See Radiometry and Photo Responsivity and Sensitivities in Photometric Units in the CCD Technology Primer found under the Application Support link It is often more important to consider exposure than illumination The total amount of energy which is related to the total number of photons reaching the sensor is more important than the rate at which it arrives For example 5pJ cm can be achieved by exposing 5mW cm for 1ms just the same as exposing an intensity of 5W cm for 1ps DALSA 42 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual Light Sources Keep these guidelines in mind when setting up your light source e LED light sources are relatively inexpensive provide a uniform field and longer life span compared to other light sources How
30. ber representing sum of all pending warning values from all monitoring tasks Example value returned following a ccf command gps 2 0 192 33 The returned value 2 0 192 33 reads as follows Returned value 2 0 192 33 Description Command code correction_calibrate_fpn Error code successful Informal message code 64 code 128 Monitoring task message code 1 code 32 The following tables list the codes for errors informal messages and monitoring task messages Refer to section E7 for a list of all available commands Error Codes Cod e 0 10 11 12 13 Description Command executed successfully Internal camera error PIXEL INDEX Internal camera error RESULT CODE Invalid command Command parameters incorrect or out of range Command not available in current exposure mode Command available in CALIBRATED mode only Command available in UNCALIBRATED mode only Command not available in VIDEO TEST mode Start value must be an odd number less than the even numbered end value Camera memory check failure Unable to configure DSP DSP configuration reset failure Get line process command timed out check for the presence of external signals Suggested Cause Command executed without major error detected Internal software error trap Internal software error trap Command not recognized Command parameters are invalid or out of range ssf and set are allowed only in
31. ccompanied by corresponding messages further describing current camera status Monitoring Tasks The camera enters a warning state when any of the camera s continuously running monitoring tasks detects a failure Use the wed command to display the status of all the defined monitory tasks if no parameter is passed and or to enable disable specific monitoring tasks DALSA 50 Spyder2 User s Manual 6 3 Specific Solutions 03 32 10091 04 No Output or Erratic Behavior If your camera provides no output or behaves erratically it may be picking up random noise from long cables acting as antennae Do not attach wires to unused pins Verify that the camera is not receiving spurious inputs e g EXSYNC or PRIN if camera is in exposure mode that regulates external signals Line Dropout Bright Lines or Incorrect Line Rate Verify that the frequency of the internal sync is set correctly or when the camera is set to external sync that the EXSYNC signal supplied to the camera does not exceed the camera s maximum specified line rate Noisy Output Check your power supply voltage outputs for noise Noise present on these lines can result in poor video quality Low quality or non twisted pair cable can also add noise to the video output Dark Patches If dark patches appear in your output the optics path may have become contaminated Clean your lenses and sensor windows with extreme care 1 Take standard ESD precautions Wear lat
32. command When the optional parameter is provided the analog gain is adjusted to produce an average white pixel level that is equivalent to the parameter This command sets the analog gain first to i before calculating the PRNU coefficients range from 64 to 251DN for 8 bit data mode and 256 to 1007DN for 10 bit data mode If value is left blank current gain values are used 4 After the calibration is complete you can save these settings to non volatile memory so they will be remembered after power down To do so issue the command wpc Returning Calibration Results and Errors After calibration you can retrieve the results using the command dpe This function returns all the pixel coefficients in the order FPN PRNU FPN PRNU The camera also returns the pixel number with each coefficient To set a range for the returned coefficients provide an optional pixel start and end value Example display pixel coefficient from pixel 10 to 20 dpc 10 20 The command gep returns all other settings 3 15 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients You can set or read an individual pixel s FPN coefficient To set the FPN coefficient use the command Syntax sfc i i Syntax Elements i The pixel number from 1 to the pixel count Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 127 Example sfc 10 50 To read the FPN coefficient use the command Syntax gfc i Syntax Elements i The pixel number to read Example gfc 10 03 32 1009
33. e Monitoring task failure Lengthy operation in progress Healthy Note When more than one condition is active the LED indicates the condition with the highest priority Error and warning states are accompanied by corresponding messages further describing the current camera status DALSA 36 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual Monitoring Tasks The camera enters a warning state when any of camera s continuously running monitoring tasks detects a failure Use the wed i i command where the first parameter is the monitoring task and the second parameter is the enable or disable value to display the status of all the defined monitory tasks if no parameter is passed and or to enable disable specific monitoring tasks Note If you are performing defect detection down to a single pixel enabling monitoring tasks is not advisable because monitoring can occur during active video and could potentially provide erroneous data The following table lists the monitoring tasks Monitoring Cod MONITORING TASK DESCRIPTION task number e 0 All Enable disable all monitoring tasks 1 1 Voltage Monitoring Monitors all camera voltages 2 2 Temperature Monitoring Monitors camera temperature 3 4 External SYNC presence Monitors presence of external SYNC 4 8 External PRIN presence Monitors presence of external PRIN 5 16 Gain Out Of Spec Monitors current setting of analog Monitoring gain 6 32 Line Rate Bellow 1 Khz Monitors current line rate
34. electronic modules and cameras are subjected to a 24 hour burn in test For further information not included in this manual or for information on DALSA s extensive line of image sensing products please call DALSA Sales Offices Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific 605 McMurray Rd Breslauer Str 34 Space G1 Building 4F Waterloo ON N2V2E9 D 82194 Gr benzell 2 40 2 Ikebukuro Canada Munich Toshima ku Tokyo 171 0014 Tel 519 886 6000 Germany Japan Fax 519 886 8023 Tel 49 8142 46770 81 3 5960 6353 phone www dalsa com Fax 49 8142 467746 81 3 5960 6354 fax sales dalsa com www dalsa com www dalsa com europe dalsa com asia dalsa com DALSA Worldwide Operations Waterloo Colorado Springs Europe Asia Pacific 605 McMurray Rd 4820 Centennial Blvd Suite 115 Breslauer Str 34 Space G1 Building 4F Waterloo ON N2V2E9 Colorado Springs CO 80919 D 82194 Gr benzell Munich 2 40 2 Ikebukuro Canada USA Germany Toshima ku Tokyo 171 0014 Tel 519 886 6000 Tel 719 599 7700 Tel 49 8142 46770 Japan Fax 519 886 8023 Fax 719 599 7775 Fax 49 8142 467746 81 3 5960 6353 phone www dalsa com www dalsa com www dalsa com 81 3 5960 6354 fax sales dalsa com sales americas dalsa com europe dalsa com www dalsa com asia dalsa com Camera Link is a trademark registered by PULNiX America Inc as chair of a committee of industry members including DALSA 03 32 10091 04 DALSA Spyder2 User s Manual Conten
35. en discovered 3 5 Saving and Restoring Settings The camera provides a number of commands for restoring storing and saving settings 03 32 10091 04 To restore the original factory settings use the command rfs The FPN and PRNU coefficients are reset to 0 To save all current settings to EEROM use the command wus The camera will automatically restore the saved user settings when powered up To save all current pixel coefficients to EEROM use the command wpc To restore the last saved user settings and the FPN and PRNU coefficients use the command rus Figure 8 Saving and Restoring Settings FACTORY USER SETTINGS SETTINGS rfs command wus rus wpe commands CURRENT SESSION DALSA 22 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 6 Setting Baud Rate To set the speed of the camera serial communication port use the command Syntax sbr i Syntax Elements i Baud rate Available baud rates are 9600 Default 19200 57600 and 115200 Notes e Power on rate is always 9600 baud e There reset camera command will not reset the camera to the power on baud rate Example sbr 57600 3 7 Setting the Data Mode To select the camera output mode use the command Syntax sdm i Syntax Elements i 0 8 bit using port A for single processor configuration 1 10 bit using ports A and B for single processor configuration Notes e To obtain the current data mode use the command gep Example sdm 0 3 8 Setting the V
36. er s Manual Desctiption Current exposure time setting Value is set with the set command See section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details States whether an end of line sequence is turned on or off Set using the eol command See section 3 17 Test Patterns for details Upper threshold value set with the sut command Lower threshold value set with the slt command Region of interest size set with the roi command See section 3 10 Setting a Region of Interest for details The first column of the table lists command codes returned as first code from gps Note Even though the Spyder2 camera has only one output tap you must enter a value for the tap parameter either a 1 to indicate one tap or a 0 to indicate all taps These two values are interchangeable and mean the same thing This parameter has been included in the Spdyer2 software to keep the software compatible with other DALSA cameras Table 7 All Available Commands Code Command 0 calibrate_analog_gain Parameters i integer float t tap selector s string x1 pixel start number x2 pixel end number optional parameter 1 calibrate analog offset 03 32 10091 04 Short Parameters Form cag CHI cao ti Description Calibrates the analog gain The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps The second parameter is a line average in a range from 64 to 251DN for 8 bit mode and 256 to 1007DN for 10 bit
37. erial interface PRIN is an optional input signal used for exposure control PRIN DALSA 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual PRIN Indicates High Integration Low Pixel reset EXSYNC Triggers Line Readout EXSYNC is an optional input signal that can be used to trigger the line readout rate This camera uses the falling edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout Note EXSYNC should not be clocked faster than the camera s specified maximum line rate The camera ignores the EXSYNC pulse until it has completed reading the last line out 2 2 3 Power Connector Hirose 6 pin Circular Male 6 J 3 4 Mating Part HIRO SE HRIOA 7P 6S Pin Description Pin Description 1 12V to 15V 4 GND 2 12V to 15V 5 GND 3 12V to 15V 6 GND The camera requires a single voltage input 12V to 15V The camera meets all performance specifications using standard switching power supplies although well regulated linear supplies provide optimum performance See the Performance Specifications for current requirements When setting up the camera s power supplies follow these guidelines e Protect the camera with a fast blow fuse between power supply and camera e Do not use the shield on a multi conductor cable for ground e Keep leads as short as possible to reduce voltage drop Note Performance specifications are not guaranteed if your power supply does not meet these requirements WARNING It is extremely important that you apply
38. ever they also require a camera with excellent sensitivity such as DALSA s Spyder2 camera e Halogen light sources generally provide very little blue relative to IR e Fiber optic light distribution systems generally transmit very little blue relative to IR e Some light sources age over their life span they produce less light This aging may not be uniform a light source may produce progressively less light in some areas of the spectrum but not others Filters CCD cameras are extremely responsive to infrared IR wavelengths of light To prevent infrared from distorting the images you scan use a hot mirror or IR cutoff filter that transmits visible wavelengths but does not transmit wavelengths over 750nm Examples are the Schneider Optics B W 489 which includes a mounting ring the CORION LS 750 which does not include a mounting ring and the CORION HR 750 series hot mirror Lens Modeling Any lens surrounded by air can be modeled for camera purposes using three primary points the first and second principal points and the second focal point The primary points for a lens should be available from the lens data sheet or from the lens manufacturer Primed quantities denote characteristics of the image side of the lens That is h is the object height and h is the image height The focal point is the point at which the image of an infinitely distant object is brought to focus The effective focal length f is the d
39. ex gloves or finger cots Blow off dust using a filtered blow bottle or dry filtered compressed air a o Fold a piece of optical lens cleaning tissue approx 3 x 5 to make a square pad that is approximately one finger width 5 Moisten the pad on one edge with 2 3 drops of clean solvent either alcohol or acetone Do not saturate the entire pad with solvent 6 Wipe across the length of the window in one direction with the moistened end first followed by the rest of the pad The dry part of the pad should follow the moistened end The goal is to prevent solvent from evaporating from the window surface as this will end up leaving residue and streaking behind 7 Repeat steps 2 4 using a clean tissue until the entire window has been cleaned 8 Blow off any adhering fibers or particles using dry filtered compressed air Stuck Bits If data bits seem to be stuck or do not change check that the camera is not saturated by preventing light from entering To verify the data path integrity check the levels of the 2 test pattern pixels first 2 pixels following the last End of line pixel You may need to turn DALSA 51 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual the End of line sequence on by sending the command els 1 Any deviation from a consistent value of these pixels 170DN 85DN could be an indication of the following e shorted bits e stuck bits e digital noise pickup on the I O cable e open connection To ac
40. f interest only e Values returned are in DN Example gl 10 20 Returning Multiple Lines of Video You can also return the average for multiple lines of video data The number of lines to sample is set and adjusted by the ess command The camera displays the Min Max and Mean statistics If you are using a region of interest the camera displays the statistics for the region of interest only To set the number of lines to sample use the command Syntax css i Syntax Elements i Number of lines to sample Allowable values are 16 32 or 64 factory setting Notes e To return the current setting use the gcp command Example css 32 To return the average of multiple lines of video use the command Syntax gla x1 x2 Syntax Elements x1 Optional parameter This sets the start pixel to display on screen Allowable range is 1 to sensor pixel count This value does not affect the Min Max and Mean statistics generated at the end of the line output x2 Optional parameter This sets the end pixel to display on screen Allowable range is x1 1 to sensor pixel count This value does not affect the Min Max and Mean statistics generated at the end of the line output Notes e If you do not specify a pixel range to display the line output will display all sensor pixels on screen e Ifa region of interest has been set using the roi command the Min Max and Mean statistics at the end of the line output include stat
41. fined as e FVAL Frame Valid FVAL is defined HIGH for valid lines e LVAL Line Valid LVAL is defined HIGH for valid pixels DALSA 54 Spyder2 User s Manual e DVAL Data Valid DVAL is defined HIGH when data is valid e Spare A spare has been defined for future use All four enable signals must be provided by the camera on each Channel Link chip All unused data bits must be tied to a known value by the camera For more information on image data bit allocations refer to the official Camera Link specification on the vfm dalsa com web site Camera Control Signals Four LVDS pairs are reserved for general purpose camera control They are defined as camera inputs and frame grabber outputs Camera manufacturers can define these signals to meet their needs for a particular product The signals are Camera Control 1 CC1 e Camera Control 2 CC2 Camera Control 3 CC3 CC4 e Camera Control 4 CC4 Communication Two LVDS pairs have been allocated for asynchronous serial communication to and from the camera and frame grabber Cameras and frame grabbers should support at least 9600 baud These signals are e SerTFG Differential pair with serial communications to the frame grabber e SerTC Differential pair with serial communications to the camera The serial interface will have the following characteristics one start bit one stop bit no parity and no handshaking It is recommended that frame grabber
42. gital numbers will be unavailable when outputting 10 bits with flat field correction enabled i e you will experience missing codes Data Clocking Signals These signals indicate when data is valid allowing you to clock the data from the camera to your acquisition system These signals are part of the Camera Link configuration and you should refer to the DALSA Camera Link Implementation Road Map available at http vfm dalsa com docs appnotes 00450 00_03 32 DALSA Camera Link Road Map pdf for the standard location of these signals Clocking Signal Indicates LVAL high Outputting valid line DVAL high Valid data STROBE rising edge Valid data IMPORTANT This camera s data should be sampled on the rising edge of STROBE See Appendix A for the complete Camera Link timing DALSA Camera Link configuration table and refer to the DALSA Web site http vfm dalsa com docs appnotes 00450 00_03 32 DALSA Camera Link Road Map pdf for the official Camera Link document Input Signals The camera accepts control inputs through the Camera Link MDR26F connector All inputs are optional The camera ships in exposure mode 2 programmable line rate and exposure time All Camera Control CCx signals are in a logic HIGH state Line rate can be set internally using the serial interface Power on rate is always 9600 baud Data rate is always 40MHz The external control signals EXSYNC and PRIN are optional and enabled through the s
43. gration time jitter which is shown in the specification as values The user should command times greater than these to ensure proper charge Spyder2 User s Manual Min ns Typ Max ns ns 100 2 000 100 2 000 54 054 2K 28 248 1K 106 15 313 512 1 420 50 800 tP 2 000 51 200 2K 25 600 1K 12 800 512 540 50 2 000 200 2 000 200 DALSA Spyder2 User s Manual Symbol Definition Min ns Typ Max ns ns transfer from the photosites Failure to meet this requirement may result in blooming in the Horizontal Shift Register SMART EXSYNC refers to exposure mode 4 Refer to section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for further information on exposure modes 03 32 10091 04 DALSA Spyder2 User s Manual Software Interface How to Control the Camera 3 1 Overview All camera features can be controlled through the serial interface The camera can also be used without the serial interface after it has been set up correctly Functions available include ao This chapter details the most commonly used commands See Appendix B for the complete command list error handling and networking instructions 03 32 10091 04 Controlling basic camera functions such as gain and sync signal source Performing flat field correction Camera calibration Measuring internal temperature and voltages Capturing video Generating a test pattern for debugging For quick help
44. gt Example query command followed by a READY reply a CR lt CR gt lt LF gt a 1 gt After all cameras return the READY status use the gps to poll each camera for the return codes of the sent broadcast command Note the QUERY BUSY mode is active only after a broadcast command normally the camera does not support this mode of operation The controlling software must wait for a reply from the camera before sending the next command Camera will not reply to the Broadcast command To read the status of the last command executed major error code coded value of informal messages and coded value for all pending monitoring task warnings poll each camera by using network version of the gps command Example reading status from camera ID a a gps Enabling Disabling Non Command Messages in the Network Environment To enable disable camera messages unrelated to the executed command such as initialization and monitoring task messages use the command snm i Value Function 0 Enable messages default Disable messages Use the gps command to read the status of the last command executed Return values come in the following order e Decimal number representing the code of the last command e Decimal number representing the error code for last command executed DALSA 60 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual e Decimal value representing sum of all informal message codes caused by last command executed e Decimal num
45. he camera Example return camera ID for camera a ta gci camera id a a OK gt Special Case Empty Network Command The empty network command is a special case of network commands If the last command issued was not a Broadcast command the empty network command will cause the addressed camera to output an OK message followed by the gt prompt and prefixed by the network ID If the last command issued was a broadcast command the empty network command is used to query each camera for its READY BUSY status Example empty network command issued a CR a OK gt Broadcast Commands and READY BUSY Status Broadcast commands are commands sent to all cameras on the network at the same time After a broadcast command is sent and before issuing the next command each camera on the link must be polled until a READY status is returned A BUSY status indicates that the camera is not ready to receive the next command DALSA 59 B2 Error Handling 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual To poll the status of a networked camera send an empty network command to each camera until they each return the READY reply Both the READY and BUSY reply consist of six characters Carriage Return CR Line Feed LF and the network ID of the queried camera followed by a space and either the BUSY code 0 or the READY code 1 and the prompt character gt Example query command followed by a BUSY reply a CR lt CR gt lt LF gt a 0
46. he signal level is too high ensure that no light is entering the camera reduce the analog offset or reduce the gain level sg 3 Issue the command ccf The camera will respond with OK gt if no error occurs Dark calibration automatically calibrates FPN coefficients and digital offset To perform a dark calibration with an analog offset value Use the ccf i command where i is the analog offset DN When the optional parameter is provided this command sets the analog offset first to i before calculating the FPN coefficients range from 1 to 100DN for 8 bit data mode and 4 to 400DN for 10 bit data mode for the specified region of interest If value is left blank current offset values are used 4 After the calibration is complete you can save these settings and the PRNU coefficients to non volatile memory so they will be remembered after power down To do so issue the command wpc White Light Calibration White light calibration is more complex than dark calibration because the camera attempts to create a flat white image This calibration corrects PRNU effects as well as non uniform lighting and lens vignetting affects White light calibration requires a clean white reference The quality of this reference is important for proper calibration White paper is often not sufficient because the grain in the white paper will distort the correction White plastic or white ceramic will lead to better balancing There
47. ibration may be out of specification PRNU coefficient clipped INFO Calibration may be out of specification FPN coefficient clipped INFO Calibration may be out of specification DO FPN gt 511 INFO Changing analog settings of calibration mode voids pixel calibration INFO For better calibration results run FPN calibration first INFO Coefficient may be inaccurate A D clipping has occured Monitoring Task Message Codes Code 1 16 32 03 32 10091 04 Description WARNING One or more voltages out of specification WARNING Camera temperature exceeds specified limit WARN not det WARN not det NG External SYNC cted NG External PRIN cted oO 0 WARNING Analog gain is over under the specification WARNING Line rate is set below 1000 Hz Spyder2 User s Manual Suggested Cause Reported from boot process only if DSP configuration fails possible cause communication error with serial flash memory Reported from boot process only if DSP configuration fails possible cause Reported from boot process if communication verification fails with external ADC chip camera voltage measurement SPI ccp several coefficients were clipped during the cep command process ccf several coefficients were clipped during the cef command process ccf at least one pixel gt digital offset FPN coefficient gt 511 sao sg in calibration mode af
48. ideo Mode The video mode sets whether the camera is running in calibrated or uncalibrated mode or if it is generating a test pattern To set the video mode use the command Syntax svm i Syntax Elements i Video mode to use Allowable values are 0 Uncalibrated video deactivated video correction 1 Calibrated video activated video correction 2 Test pattern right Notes e To obtain the current video mode use the command gcp Example svm 1 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 23 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode 03 32 10091 04 The camera s line rate synchronization is generated internally or input from a frame grabber host system With six different exposure mode settings the Spyder2 delivers many possibilities for flexible camera timing Table 5 outlines each of these six exposure modes and is followed by a full explanation on how to set the camera s frame rate and exposure time Table 5 Spyder2 Exposure Modes Programmable Line Rate Programmable Exposure Time Mode SYNC PRIN i Description 1 Internal Internal No No Maximum line rate and exposure time factory setting 2 Internal Internal Yes Yes Exposure control OFF until a set command is sent 3 External Internal No No Maximum exposure time 4 External Internal No No Smart EXSYNC 5 External External No No External line rate and external pixel reset 6 External Internal No Yes Fixed integration time e To obtain the current value of the exp
49. ility depending on your requirements Figure 7 Camera Processing Chain Analog Processing Digital Processing gt 9 gt 09 09 gt 09 09 0 analog video digital video analog analog PRNU background system gain offset coefficients subtract gain digital FPN 5 coefficients In addition the two elements of the analog processing chain analog gain and analog offset can be adjusted to separate values in the calibrated and uncalibrated modes For example the analog gain value can be set to 5db in calibrated mode and 6dB in uncalibrated mode When switching between calibrated and uncalibrated modes the camera automatically uses the corresponding value 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 21 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 4 Startup When the camera is first started it must perform several actions before it is ready for imaging This startup routine takes approximately 15 seconds and follows this sequence 1 2 3 4 Initializes the camera and all internal hardware Loads the last settings saved to non volatile memory including the last set of video correction coefficients if previously saved Restores user settings if previously saved otherwise factory settings Performs a memory test and voltage test and reports an error if any occurred After this startup sequence is complete the camera will return either the prompt OK gt if no error occurred or an error code if a problem has be
50. is information is also used for collecting line statistics for calibrating the camera Returning a Single Line of Video The gl command returns a complete line of video without digital processing or test pattern displaying one pixel value after another It also displays the minimum maximum and mean value of the line sampled If a region of interest has been set the statistics are generated for the region of interest only Use this command or the following gla command to ensure the proper video input range into the processing chain before executing any pixel calibration commands To return a single line of video use the command Syntax gl x1 x2 Syntax Elements x1 Optional parameter This sets the start pixel to display on screen Allowable range is 1 to sensor pixel count This parameter does not affect the Min Max and Mean statistics generated at the end of the line output x2 Optional parameter This sets the end pixel to display on screen Allowable range is x1 1 to sensor pixel count This parameter does not affect the Min Max and Mean statistics generated at the end of the line output Notes e If you do not specify a pixel range to display the line output will display all sensor pixels on screen 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 26 Spyder2 User s Manual e Ifa region of interest has been set using the roi command the Min Max and Mean statistics at the end of the line output include statistics for the region o
51. istance from the second principal point to the second focal point The back focal length BFL is the distance from the image side of the lens surface to the second focal point The object distance OD is the distance from the first principal point to the object Figure 10 Primary Points in a Lens System SECOND PRINCIPAL POINT SECOND FOCAL POINT LIGHT RAYS FROM LEFT gt gt OBJECT HEIGHT h SAINT OBJECT DISTANCE OD Magnification and Resolution The magnification of a lens is the ratio of the image size to the object size oh where m is the magnification h is the image height pixel size E h and h is the object height desired object resolution size By similar triangles the magnification is alternatively given by DALSA 43 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual f m OD These equations can be combined to give their most useful form h f This is the governing equation for many object and image plane h OD parameters Example An acquisition system has a 512 x 512 element 10um pixel pitch area scan camera a lens with an effective focal length of 45mm and requires that 100um in the object space correspond to each pixel in the image sensor Using the preceding equation the object distance must be 450mm 0 450m DALSA 44 Spyder2 User s Manual 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 45 Spyder2 User s Manual CCD Handling Instructions 5 1 Electrostatic Discharge and the CC
52. istics for the region of interest only e Values returned are in DN Example gl 10 20 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 27 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance Optimizing offset performance in the analog domain allows you to achieve a better signal to noise ratio dynamic range than you would achieve by trying to optimize the offset in the digital domain Setting Analog Offset To set the analog offset of the camera use the command Syntax sao t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable values are 1 for one tap or 0 for all taps Since the Spyder2 is a one tap camera the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable Analog offset value Allowable range is 0 to 1023 Notes e The offset increases linearly with higher values A value of 100 does not equal an offset of 100DN e The resulting analog offset value depends on other camera parameters such as temperature line rate and gain e The offset for calibrated and uncalibrated video is set and saved separately Example sao 0 200 Subtracting Offset or Background To subtract the video scene offset or any other background from the output video signal use the command Syntax ssb t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable values are 1 for one tap or 0 for all taps Since the Spyder2 is a one tap camera the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable i Subtracted value in a range from 0 to 511 Notes e When subtracting a digital value from the digital
53. it counter LSB justified Counter increments by 1 Use this value to verify that every line is output DALSA 35 3 18 Monitoring the Camera 03 32 10091 04 Location Value 5 Line sum LSB 6 Line sum MID H Line sum MSB 8 0 9 Pixels above threshold LSB 10 Pixels above threshold MSB 11 Pixels below threshold LSB 12 Pixels below threshold MSB 13 Derivative line sum LSB 14 Derivative line sum Mid 15 Derivative line sum MSB 16 0 Test Pattern Spyder2 User s Manual Description Use these values to help calculate line average Monitor these values either above or below threshold and adjust camera gain to keep these values relatively constant This provides a basis for automatic gain control AGC Use these values to focus the camera Generally the greater the sum the greater the image contrast The camera can generate a test pattern to aid in system debugging Use the command svm 2 to activate the test pattern The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN then starts at 0 again Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber The camera is equipped with a red green LED used to display the operational status of the camera The following table summarizes the operating states of the camera and the corresponding LED states LED state Priority Camera Blinking RED 1 Steady RED 2 Blinking GREEN 3 Steady GREEN 4 Condition Fatal hardware failur
54. librated after camera reboot ora rpc or svm 0 command had been issued ED MODES Video Mode calibrated Data Mode 0 Exposure Mode 2 SYNC Frequency 5000 4998 51 Hz Digital gain value set with the ssg command See section 3 13 Setting Gains for details Background subtract value set with the ssb command See section 3 12 Optimizing Offset Performance for details Pretrigger value set with the sp command See section 3 20 Setting the Pre trigger for details Number of lines samples set with the css command See section 3 11 Returning Video Information for details Current video mode value set with the svm command See section 3 8 Setting the Video Mode for details Current data mode value set with the sdm command See section 3 7 Setting the Data Mode for details Current exposure mode value set with the sem command See section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details Current line rate Value is set with the ss command See section 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details DALSA 65 GCP Screen Exposure Time End Of Line Sequenc Upper Threshold Lower Region Threshold of Interest 197 950 uSec on 240 15 0001 512 B4 All Available Commands As a quick reference the following table lists all of the commands available to the camera user For detailed information on using these commands refer to Chapter 3 Spyder2 Us
55. line sequence 0 Off 1 On default value Read the camera ID Read the camera model number Read camera parameters Read the camera serial number Read the firmware version and FPGA version Read the FPN coefficient for the pixel indicated by the parameter in a range from 1 to the sensor pixel count Get a line of raw video no digital processing or test pattern displaying one pixel value after another and the minimum maximum and mean value of the sampled line Optional pixel start and end values in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count Read the average of line samples Use css to set sample size Optional pixel start and end values in a range DALSA 67 Code 13 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 03 32 10091 04 Command get_prnu_coeff get_processing_status get_sensor_serial help region_of_interest reset_camera reset_pixel_coeffs restore_factory_settings restore_user_settings set_analog_offset set_baud_rate set_camera_id Short Form Parameters gpc i gps gss roi i i rc rpc rfs rus sao ti sbr i sci s s Spyder2 User s Manual Description from 1 to sensor pixel count Read the PRNU coefficient for the pixel indicated by the parameter in a range from 1 to the sensor pixel count Read the status of last executed command and coded value for all pending monitoring task warnings Read the sensor serial
56. mand See section B3 Camera Parameter Screen for a complete explanation of the camera parameters screen Verify Factory Calibrated Settings To restore the camera s factory settings and reset the FPN and PRNU coefficients to 0 send the rfs command After executing this command send the gcp command to verify the factory settings Verify Timing and Digital Video Path Use the test pattern feature to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber and verify the proper output along the digital processing chain See below Generating Test Patterns The camera can generate a test pattern to aid in system debugging Use the command svm 2 to activate the test pattern The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN then starts at 0 again Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber DALSA 49 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual e No test pattern or bad test pattern May indicate a problem with the camera e g missing bit or a system setup problem e g frame grabber or timing Verify the presence of the LVAL and STROBE signals e Test pattern successful Run the svm 0 command to deactivate video correction Then run the gl command under both dark and light conditions to retrieve a line of raw video no digital processing Under dark conditions with factory settings the analog offset value should be within the specified range refer
57. manufacturers supply both a user interface and a software application programmming interface API for using the asynchronous serial communication port The user interface will consist of a terminal program with minimal capabilities of sending and receiving a character string and sending a file of bytes The software API will provide functions to enumerate boards and send or receive a character string See Appendix B in the Official Camera Link specification on the vfm dalsa com web site Power will not be provided on the Camera Link connector The camera will receive power through a separate cable Camera manufacturers define their own power connector current and voltage requirements Al Camera Link Configuration Table 03 32 10091 04 The following table provides tap reconstruction information DALSA is working with the machine vision industry to use this table as the basis for auto configuration Visit the http vfm dalsa com Web site and view the DALSA Camera Link Implementation Road Map document 03 32 00450 for further details DALSA 55 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 Interface Parameters Table 6 Framegrabber Interface Parameters Item when programmable configuration the options are separated with a Imager Dimension lt 1 2 or 1 2 gt Imager Columns lt number of active columns X gt Imager Rows lt number of active rows Y gt Line Scan TDI are defined as 1 Number of Imager Taps lt 1 2 3 gt Tap Clock Rate lt xx
58. mode 2 ssf and set and in mode 6 set ccf ccp cao cag sao Sg roi invalid starting or ending pixel index Memory test of external RAM failed DSP FPGA configuration failure DSP FPGA could not be placed in configuration mode gl gla cao cag ccf ccp timed out Current exposure mode requires external SYNC however SYNC signal not present DALSA 61 03 32 10091 04 Error Codes Cod Description e 14 DSP echo test error 15 Invalid sensor configuration DSP 16 Invalid sensor configuration ADC 17 Sensor configuration mismatch 18 One or more of the supply voltages is out of specification 19 The camera s temperature is outside the specified operating range 20 Not Used 21 Analog offset calibration failure 22 Analog gain calibration failure 23 CRC check failure while attempting to restore the camera settings 24 Camera settings not saved 25 Pixel coefficients write failure 26 I2C communication fault while accessing temperature sensor 27 Timeout waiting for DISC SYNC to go LOW 28 Unable to calibrate gain Tap number outside ROI 29 Unable to calibrate offset Tap number outside ROI Informal Message Codes Code Description 1 INFO CRC check failure while attempting to restore calibration status 2 INFO CRC check failure while attempting to restore pixel coefficients Spyder2 User s Manual Suggested Cause DISC bus communication test failure Invalid sensor configuration read fr
59. n algorithm is performed in two steps The fixed offset FPN is determined first by performing a calibration without any light This calibration determines exactly how much offset to subtract per pixel in order to obtain flat output when the CCD is not exposed DALSA 31 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual The white light calibration is performed next to determine the multiplication factors required to bring each pixel to the required value balance target for flat white output Video output is set slightly above the brightest pixel depending on offset subtracted For FPN dark light the value of all pixels must be between 1DN and 127DN For PRNU white light the value must be between 128DN and 254DN Use the gl command to ensure the proper input to the digital processing V input White light calibration will gain up to maximum white light pixel plus the maximum FPN subtract pixel When performing any camera calibration random noise is minimized by averaging out up to 64 lines of valid data To adjust the sample line size use the css i command where i is 16 32 64 factory setting A lower value reduces the camera s calibration time at the expense of increased coefficient error Calibration time Typical 512 6 sec 1024 10 sec 2048 19 sec LED blinks green while calibrating Calibration Steps Overview 1 Change camera video mode to calibrated using the command svm 1 2 Set up the camera operating environment
60. ng product support 6 1 Common Solutions 03 32 10091 04 Connections The first step in troubleshooting is to verify that your camera has all the correct connections Power Supply Voltages Check for the presence of all voltages at the camera power connector Verify that all grounds are connected EXSYNC When the camera is powered on for the first time it defaults no external input required to exposure mode 2 5kHz line rate and internal Sync to trigger readout After a user has saved settings the camera powers up with the saved settings Note a warning appears when switching to exposure mode requiring external signals if external signals are not present EXSYNC or PRIN DALSA 48 Spyder2 User s Manual PRIN is an optional input signal used to control exposure control PRIN PRIN Indicates High Integration Low Pixel reset Data Clocking Output Signals To validate cable integrity have the camera send out a test pattern and verify it is being properly received Refer to section 3 17 Test Patterns for further information 6 2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface 03 32 10091 04 The following commands can aid in debugging Communications To quickly verify serial communications send the help command The h command returns the online help menu If further problems persist review Appendix C for more information on communications Verify Parameters To verify the camera parameters send the gcp com
61. om DSP FPGA Invalid sensor configuration encoding on the board Sensor configuration read from DSP is different than one encoded on the board vv command result vt command result Not Used Analog offset calibration failure could not tune the analog offset to obtain targeted video level Analog gain calibration failure could not tune the analog gain to obtain targeted video level Camera setting will initialize to default settings since restore of USER FACTORY settings failed internal micro EE memory failure rus rfs attempted but settings were not saved Failure while writing pixel coefficients to EEROM I2C EEROM external to micro Serial communication fault I2C while accessing temperature sensor Internal communication protocol error Analog gain could not be calibrated because tap number specified in cag command is outside region of interest Analog offset could not be calibrated because tap number specified in cao command is outside region of interest Suggested Cause Pixel calibration status will be set to NOT CALIBRATED internal micro EEROM failure All pixel coefficients will be reset to zero external EEROM I2C failure DALSA 62 Error Codes Cod e 4 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 Description INFO Flash memory ID error INFO DSP configuration file missing or corrupt INFO Serial communication failure while accessing external ADC chip INFO Cal
62. ontinue to increase Increasingly diverse cameras and advanced signal and data transmissions have made a connectivity standard like Camera Link a necessity The Camera Link interface will reduce support time as well as the cost of that support The standard cable will be able to handle the increased signal speeds and the cable assembly will allow customers to reduce their costs through volume pricing LVDS Technical Description Low Voltage Differential Signaling LVDS is a high speed low power general purpose interface standard The standard known as ANSI TIA EIA 644 was approved in March 1996 LVDS uses differential signaling with a nominal signal swing of 350mV differential The low signal swing decreases rise and fall times to achieve a theoretical maximum transmission rate of 1 923 Gbps into a loss less medium The low signal swing also means that the standard is not dependent on a particular supply voltage LVDS uses current mode drivers which limit power consumption The differential signals are immune to 1 V common volt noise Camera Signal Requirements This section provides definitions for the signals used in the Camera Link interface The standard Camera Link cable provides camera control signals serial communication and video data Video Data The Channel Link technology is integral to the transmission of video data Image data and image enable signals are transmitted on the Channel Link bus Four enable signals are de
63. osure mode use the command gcp e When setting the camera to external signal modes EXSYNC and or PRIN must be supplied Overview Setting Line Rate and Exposure Time The camera s line rate synchronization can be generated internally through software commands or input externally from a frame grabber host system To select how you want the camera s line rate to be generated 1 You must first set the camera mode using the sem command Refer to Setting the Exposure Mode on the following page for details 2 Then when applicable use the commands ssf mode 2 only to set the line rate and or set mode 2 or 6 to set the exposure time Refer to Setting Line Rate and Setting Exposure Time below for details DALSA 24 Camera must be operating in exposure mode 2 Camera must be operating in exposure mode 2 or 6 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual Setting the Exposure Mode To select an exposure mode use the command Syntax sem i Syntax Elements i Exposure mode to use Factory setting is 1 Refer to Table 5 on page 23 for a list of available modes Notes e To obtain the current value of the exposure mode use the command gep Related Commands ssf set Example sem 3 Setting Line Rate To set the line rate use the command Syntax ssf i Syntax Elements i Desired line rate in Hz Allowable range is 1000Hz to the camera s maximum line rate Notes e To read the current line rate frequency
64. r is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps The second parameter is a gain value specified from 10 to 10 A gain value of 0 sets the camera to its nominal gain Set the lower threshold to a value from 0 to 255 for 8 bit data modes and 0 to 1023 for 10 bit Enable disable camera messages unrelated to the executed network command 0 Enable messages default 1 Disable messages Set the pretrigger to a value from 0 to 15 Set the PRNU coefficient The first parameter is the pixel number within the range 1 to the sensor pixel count The second parameter is a specified value within the range 0 to 511 Subtracts the input value from the output signal The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps The second parameter is the subtracted value in a range from 0 to 511 Sets the line rate in exposure mode 2 to a value from 1000Hz to camera s maximum line rate Value rounded up down as required Set the digital gain The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps The second parameter is a gain value is specified from 0 to 511 Set upper threshold to a value from 0 to 255 in 8 bit data modes and 0 to 1023 in 10 bit Switch between calibrated and uncalibrated modes 0 Uncalibrated video DALSA 70 03 32 10091 04 Code 42 43 44 45 46 Command verify temperature verify voltage warning enable disable write pixel coeffs wri
65. ra 35 optical specifications 6 optical interface 6 output mode 22 P perfomance specifications 7 pixel coefficients 33 correction 30 non uniformity 7 30 reset 14 size 6 statistics 25 threshold 35 pretrigger 37 PRIN 14 PRNU 7 30 32 34 random noise 7 rebooting 37 region of interest 25 regulatory cmpliance 8 resolution 6 responsivity 8 graph 9 roi See Region of Interest S SEE 8 sensor 6 alignment 7 cleaning 45 serial interface 19 settings gain 29 offset 27 pretrigger 37 restoring 21 saving 21 startup 21 statistics 25 STROBE DALSA 71 03 32 10091 04 troubleshooting 49 stuck bits 50 T tap reconstruction 54 Technical Sales Support 52 temperature 39 measurement 36 recommendations 35 test patterns generating 48 timing fixed programmed 16 input and output 16 troubleshooting 47 Spyder2 User s Manual V video correction 30 data 26 data 53 data 53 voltage measurement 36 W warning messages 35 white light calibration 32 DALSA
66. s usually sufficient to clean the sensor window If further cleaning is required use a lens wiper moistened with alcohol or acetone We recommend using lint free ESD safe cloth wipers that do not contain particles that can scratch the window The Anticon Gold 9 x 9 wiper made by Milliken is both ESD safe and suitable for class 100 environments Another ESD acceptable wiper is the TX4025 from Texwipe An alternative to ESD safe cloth wipers is Transplex swabs that have desirable ESD properties There are several varieties available from Texwipe Do not use regular cotton swabs since these can introduce charge to the window surface Wipe the window carefully and slowly When cleaning long linear sensors it may be easier to wipe along the width i e as opposed to the length of the sensor DALSA 47 Spyder2 User s Manual Troubleshooting The information in this chapter can help you solve problems that may occur during the setup of your camera Remember that the camera is part of the entire acquisition system You may have to troubleshoot any or all of the following e power supplies e cabling e frame grabber hardware amp software e host computer e light sources e optics e operating environment e encoder Your steps in dealing with a technical problem should be 1 Try the general and specific solutions listed in sections 6 1 6 2 and 6 3 2 If these solutions do not resolve your problem see section 6 4 on getti
67. sor is positioned at the exit port of an integrating sphere where the illumination is diffuse Dust can normally be removed by blowing the window surface using a compressed air blower unless the dust particles are being held by an electrostatic charge in which case either an ionized air blower or wet cleaning is necessary Oil is usually introduced during handling Touching the surface of the window barehanded will leave oily residues Using rubber fingercots and rubber gloves can prevent oil contamination However the friction between the rubber and the window may produce electrostatic charge that may damage the sensor To avoid ESD damage and DALSA 46 Spyder2 User s Manual to avoid introducing oily residues only hold the sensor from the edges of the ceramic package and avoid touching the sensor pins and the window Improper handling cleaning or storage of the sensor can cause scratches Vacuum picking tools should not come in contact with the window surface CCDs should not be stored in containers where they are not properly secured and can slide against the container Scratches diffract incident illumination When exposed to uniform illumination a sensor with a scratched window will normally have brighter pixels adjacent to darker pixels The location of these pixels changes with the angle of illumination 5 3 Cleaning the Sensor Window 03 32 10091 04 T Use compressed air to blow off loose particles This step alone i
68. sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesssssssssssssssssessessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssse SIG Sehinga Region of nero i a 3 11 Returning Video Information cccssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssassesssessessessssessesesssssessssses 312 Optimizing OPS eb P erion orascic E 3 13 S6tting Gaid sscsccssssscecccessesssecccccsstescecxecsscozasssvcesinssstsssbssssssscesdeasssssscesceasssssccsdeasssssscccseantusscesdcassussscccssaszsssseeseasazsastcsiea 3 14 How to Calibrate the Comerd sssssssssssssssssssesssssssssssssssssssssssusssssssssssssessccssssussssssusssssssssssssseeesessusussssssssesseseeceesses 3 15 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients ssssssssssssssssssseessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesssesessessessssssssessssssse 3 16 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients sssssssssssscssssssssssscssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssse 3 17 Test Patterns and End of Line Sequence ccsssssssscssssssssssssssssssssssesssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessessessssssssssssessssessst 3 18 Monitoring the Camera a sccccsssssssssssssssscsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesessssssssssssessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessss S19 Rebooting the Cameres ii zsssscccccccccsccecccccccsececeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeesossssssssessssssesssssssesoosbsnisstttuuuuuuuummmnmmiadh 3 20 Setting the Pre trigger
69. t DALSA Spyder2 User s Manual patterns for cable system troubleshooting All resolutions provide appropriate readily available standard lens options C mount F mount and M42x1 photography standards All these features combine to make the Spyder2 an industry leader in power and affordability Applications The Spyder2 is an ideal choice for these applications e Web inspection multi cam and narrow web e Pick and place e Document scanning 1 2 Image Sensors The Spyder2 uses the IL P3 image sensor with 14um square pixels and 100 fill factor Figure 1 IL P3 Image Sensor Block Diagram BOSS JER 21 _N Surface Gated Photodiodes 14 pm x 14 pm 21 Y Y Storage Well with Anti blooming and Exposure Control o Alis VPR VDD l yv y y yv yvy y Pils Hi lt CCD Readout Shift Register Km B Light shielded pixel m ight snielded pixels OS oe ER Isolation pixels Vss VBB VOD RST VSET CRLAST N 331 ORT 2048 CRI CR2 TCK i Relative position of package Pin I 1 3 C Perf Specificati oo Lamerda rerrormance speci ications Feature Units Value Notes Specification Sensor Features Resolution pixels 512 1024 2048 Pixel Size um 14 x 14 Output Format of 1 taps Optical Interface Units Notes Back Focal Distance Sensor die to mm 6 78 250um mounting plate 03 32 10091 04 DALSA Optical Interface Sensor Alignmentx y
70. te user settings Short Form Parameters vt wed i i wpc wus Spyder2 User s Manual Description deactivate video correction 1 Calibrated video activated correction 2 Test pattern Check the internal temperature of the camera Check the camera voltages and return OK or fail Read enable disable status of all defined monitoring tasks Optionally the first parameter selects a monitoring task and the second parameter enables disable the selected task Write all current pixel coefficients to EEROM Write all of the user settings to EEROM except pixel coefficients which are written using the wpc command DALSA 71 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual Appendix C EMC Declaration of Conformity We DALSA 605 McMurray Rd Waterloo ON CANADA NAV 2E9 declare under sole responsibility that the product s S2 1x xxx40 fulfill s the requirements of the standard s EMC FCC Part 15 ICES 003 EN 55022 1998 EN 55024 1998 EN 61000 6 1 2001 This product complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC and carries the CE mark accordingly Place of Issue Waterloo ON CANADA Date of Issue March 2005 Name and Signature Hank Helmond of authorized person Quality Manager DALSA Corp f P S This Declaration corresponds to EN 45 014 DALSA 72 Spyder2 User s Manual 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 73 03 32 10091 04
71. ter calibration has been done ccp ccp called before ccf Insufficient analog offset or too much gain for given light Suggested Cause At least one of voltages is out of specification Current camera temperature exceeds specification limit Exposure Mode 3 4 5 6 external SYNC not detected Exposure Mode 2 external PRIN not detected Current analog gain setting is out of specification Exposure mode 2 current line rate is below 1Khz DALSA 63 B3 Camera Parameter Screen See the following section for a complete command list of these settings GCP Screen GENERAL CAMERA SETTINGS Camera Model No S2 XX XXXXX Camera Serial No XXXXXXXXX Sensor Serial No XXXXXXXXX Camera Network ID xX Network Message Mode disabled Firmware Design Rev XX XX XXXXX XX DSP Design Rev XX XX SETTINGS FOR UNCALIBRATED MODE Analog Gain dB 0 0 Analog Offset 308 SETTINGS FOR CALIBRATED MODE Analog Gain dB 0 0 Analog Offset 0 03 32 10091 04 Spyder2 User s Manual You can read current camera settings with the gep command The table below lists the settings displayed on the gcp screen with sample values along with a description of some Desctiption Camera model number Camera serial number Sensor serial number Camera network id set with the sci command Displays whether network messages are enabled or disabled Set with the snm command
72. terface 512 1024 Resolutions 27 0 M3x0 5 6H 4X ED 6 0 DEEP x lt i y M42x1 6H ek ai i R1 6 2x CONTROLIDATA 1 608 54 9 2X 85 0 57 0 2X 1 4 0 2X 42 0 2x al 2048 Resolution ze I 50 0 M3x0 5 6H 4X R4 0 4X 0 2 6 0 DEEP 4 r Ae T M42x1 6H 6 7840 25 OPTICAL DISTANCE 53 8 J w 28 Eg ac 25 N PE oc Ul wa O L oF R16 2x 892 LE ii M3x0 5 6H_ 4X 8 0 2X 5 0 DEEP I w N o B 23 a l 4 0 ool All units in mm 25 0 _ m 40 8 4 CALIBRATION STICKER DALSA 41 Spyder2 User s Manual 4 2 Optical Interface 03 32 10091 04 Depending upon resolution the cameras can be ordered with different lens mounts The following table provides this information Lens Mounts Camera Available Lens Mount Configuration Options 512 1 Tap No mount C mount and F mount 1024 1 Tap No mount C mount and F mount 2048 1 Tap No mount C mount and F mount Order Option Lens Mount Configuration S2 10 0xk40 No mount or adapter S2 11 0xk40 C mount S2 12 0xk40 F mount E g S2 12 02k40 is a 1 tap 2k 40 MHz camera with an F mount All C mount and F mount adapters have the appropriate back focal distance for the lens type being used Ensure that the image circle diameter of the lens to be used is as great as the length of the imaging region The following table provides information regarding the lens mount used and the
73. the appropriate voltages to your camera Incorrect voltages will damage the camera Protect the camera with a fast blow fuse between power supply and camera Visit the www dalsa com Web site for a list of companies that make power supplies that meet the camera s requirements The companies listed should not be considered the only choices DALSA 16 Spyder2 User s Manual 2 3 Timing Figure 5 Spyder2 Overview Timing Showing Input and Output Relationships STROBE Ee EE eee ee tLINE PERIOD gt twSYNC e e wS N gt xsc _ i iT TRANSFER tREADOUT 4 tOVERHEAD gt LINE VALID f f BATA OOO 000000 00000000000000G 00000000 thPR tPR SET gt cee LOW rr PIXEL RESET _ Figure 6 Spyder2 Fixed Programmed Integration Timing with External EXSYNC STROBE TULL UU MIAMI U AAA LINE PERIOD twSYNC WwWSYNC INT exse ff W i L I r g i o twFixed Int ransfer f M o J LINE VALID y RENE DATA 200060000000d000000000000000d 900000000 03 32 10091 04 DALSA Table 4 Spyder2 Timing Fixed Integration Mode Symbol twSYNC twSYNCemarr twSYNC_INT twSYNC_INT SMART tLINE PERIOD tr tTransfer twFixed Int tREADOUT tOVERHEAD thPR twPR_LOW tPR_SET Definition The minimum low width of the EXSYNC pulse when not in SMART EXSYNC mode The minimum low width of the EXSY
74. tivate the test pattern use the command svm 2 Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and frame grabber To receive a complete line of raw video data without digital processing or test pattern through the RS232 port use the command gl The returned data displays one pixel value after another and the minimum maximum and mean value of the sampled line Use this command to ensure the proper video input range Probe the output lines with an oscilloscope Disconnect the digital cable from the camera and check the digital signals at the output of the camera Ensure that the correct values are present Check all cable connections especially right at the connector poor connections or broken wires will cause randomly changing bits or stuck bits Horizontal Lines or Patterns in Image A faulty or irregular encoder signal may result in horizontal lines due to exposure time fluctuations ensure that your exposure time is regular If you have verified that your exposure time is consistent and patterns of low frequency intensity variations still occur ensure that you are using a DC or high frequency light source DALSA 52 6 4 Product Support Spyder2 User s Manual If there is a problem with your camera collect the following data about your application and situation and call your DALSA representative Note You may also want to photocopy this page to fax to DALSA Customer name Organization n
75. to the user specifications Adjust the analog offset using the cao or sao commands Under light conditions you should receive a value Verify Voltage To check the camera s input voltages and internal voltages use the vv command If they are within the proper range the camera returns OK gt Otherwise the camera returns an error message Verify Temperature To check the internal temperature of the camera use the vt command For proper operation this value should not exceed 75 C Verify Pixel Coefficients To activate video correction send the command svm 1 Then use the dpc command to display the pixel coefficients in the order FPN PRNU FPN PRNU The camera also returns the pixel number with each coefficient End of line Sequence To further aid debugging the camera can generate an end of line sequence The end of line sequence outputs aa 55 line counter line average pixels above threshold q P ge P pixels below threshold To activate the end of line sequence use the command els 1 To disable the end of line sequence use the command els 0 Use the sut and slt commands to set threshold values between 0 and 255 for 8 bit data modes or 0 to 1023 for 10 bit data modes LED Status Located on the back of the camera is a red green LED used to display the operational status of the camera Red lights indicate errors or warnings and green lights indicate progress and OKs Error and warning states are a
76. ts Introduction to the Spyder2 Line Scan Camera Lamera Higghili ght ai 1 21 MAGESEN SOS ener OL Un cre 1 3 Camera Performance Specifications sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssscesssssccscecccsscccescesecsececcececessccceeceeceeceeseeees Camera Hardware Interface LNS OVErViGW Assisin lb bb ledede dd leddet el ns 2 2 Input Output Connectors and LEDiu cscssssssssscssssscsssscscsscssessssssssssscsessssesessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesssssessssesees 2 3 Timing Software Interface How to Control the Camera BS Ve VEU VIEW se ae e E E dete 3 2 Command Format ssssssssscsssssssssssssssssssscssscccssesssssssssssssssssscesessessusssssssssssssecccesusussssssssnsssesceceeseususssssssssssseeeecessees TI PROCESSING AAO iocassossssssssssssssesssssssssssssssssssssssstsssosek JA SKOU ssrccecesssssceescecsszsssessccesssssseecetssde E ds 3 5 Saving and Restoring Settings ccssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssesesssssssessssset SETE TET MT NN EEEIEE A E 3 7 Setting the Data Mode n ccsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssassssssssesst 3 8 Setting the Video Mode u sssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssssssssessssessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssssessessssessessseeesessssssessaseesesssesee 3 9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode cccs
77. use the command gcp e Ifyou enter an invalid line rate frequency the valid range of values will be displayed Related Commands sem set Example ssf 3000 Setting Exposure Time To set the camera exposure time use the command Syntax set f Syntax Elements f Floating point number in psecs For allowable range see the camera help screen h command Notes e To read the current exposure time use the command gcp e If you enter an invalid exposure time the valid range of values will be displayed Related Commands sem ssf Example set 2100 DALSA 25 Spyder2 User s Manual 3 10 Setting a Region of Interest The roi command sets the pixel range used to collect the end of line statistic and sets the region of pixels used in the cag cao gl gla ccf and ccp commands To define a region of interest use the command Syntax roi x1 x2 Syntax Elements x1 Pixel start number in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count Must be an odd number and less than the pixel end number x2 Pixel end number in a range from x1 1 to sensor pixel count Must be an even number and greater than the pixel start number Related Commands cag cao gl gla ccf ccp Example roi 10 50 3 11 Returning Video Information The camera s microcontroller has the ability to read video data This functionality can be used to verify camera operation and to perform basic testing without having to connect the camera to a frame grabber Th
78. video signal the output can no longer reach its maximum Use the ssg command to correct for this See section 3 13 Setting Gains for details on the ssg command Example ssb 0 20 03 32 10091 04 DALSA 28 Spyder2 User s Manual Subtracting Offset in Calibrated Mode You can subtract the A D offset from the video signal prior to PRNU correction To subtract the A D use the command Syntax sdo t i Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable values are 1 for one tap or 0 for all taps Since the Spyder2 is a one tap camera the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable Subtracted offset value in a range from 0 to 511 Notes e When subtracting a digital value from the digital video signal the output can no longer reach its maximum Use the ssg command to correct for this See section 3 13 Setting Gains for details on the ssg command e Available in calibrated mode only svm 1 Example sdo 0 100 Calibrating Offset To calibrate the analog offset use the command Syntax cao ti Syntax Elements t Tap selection Allowable values are 1 for one tap or 0 for all taps Since the Spyder2 is a one tap camera the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable The line average in a range dependent on the current camera data mode setting 8 bit 1 to LOODN 10 bit 4 to 400DN See section 3 11 Returning Video Information for more information on line averages Notes e This command sets offset in uncalibrated mode svm 0 Example cao 0

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