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Reverse Osmosis hyd-RO-dose

1. FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs ISAS AA Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS VA PH ee Edit Coefficients n Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile Brause Comainn COS Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Input Product module in the ANTISCALANTS pull down menu is used to create a product PRD file Inhibitor Formulation Input Form Fa WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Input Product module to create a a Description new product file or modify an existing product file s Product Name Description or Formulation NOTE Inhibitors should be re loaded into a Product File Name hedppd 5 1 1 Y formulation sheet when an inhibitor file is updated Product files load a copy of the inhibitor file when they are created They DO NOT Inhibitor 1 automatically re load a new file when the inhibitor data is updated inhibitor 2 LS d WHAT DOES IT DO The module accepts input data for a product file mg C_D x loads the math
2. BEL575D COR CA COR f hydro cor EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Description Bayhib AM CaCO3 Inhib BAYHIB INH Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types C03 Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen RAW LAB DATA FILE BROWSE amp DELETE Ea f hydro cor cor LOAD DELETE Cancel Page Q 31 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs nput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS VA PH eee Edit Coefficients P Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Came C03 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All TOWSB vorretations Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE Use the Ghoose Graphs module in the CHOOSE GRAPHS PREFERENCES pull down menu to select the indicators of scale and corrosivity potential for graphing in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS modules SATURA
3. pH Prediction Method C Default Curve User Curve Translate Source pH C Caplan Curve Page Q 20 Cancel hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate aL LE LAC Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs nput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS VA PH ER E Edit Coefficients n Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile Bises Comia C03 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Print Raw Water module in the REPORTS pull down menu outputs the tables generated in the Raw Water Analysis module the system diagram from SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications module spec sheet to the currently selected printer WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Print Raw Water module whenever a hard copy of the water source and calculated indicators of scale potential and corrosivity is desired WHAT DOES IT DO The module adds the date sample ID and analysis description in
4. Description Ba Ca Si Upper Limit 150 00 A 2 oe 12 00 80 00 99 00 BEEE 120 0 500 99 00 HE 2 50 2 80 Calcite Saturation Level Gypsum Saturation Level Celestite Saturation Level Barite Saturation Level Amorphous Silica Saturation Magnesium Silicate Saturation Fluorite Saturation Level mg L Iron as Fe mg L Aluminum as Al Langelier Saturation Index Ryznar Stability Index Limit Active C CaCO3 C CaCO3 C Ca3 PO4 2 C HAPA CaS04 C MgCO3 C FeCO3 C FePO4 C Fe OH 3 CaCO3 Scan Inhibitors ProductFile PAAI00 PRD Lower Upper Limit Limit 990 990 Puckarius Index 89 00 39 00 Stiff Davis Index 90 90 TCP Saturation 990 990 Hydroxylapatite Sat 90 40 Anhydrite Saturation 99 00 39 00 Magnesite Saturation 99 00 990 Siderite Saturation 99 00 90 Strengite Saturation 99 00 99 00 Ferric hydroxide Sat 99 00 150 00 Aragonite Sat Cancel Activate a limit by clicking the radio button by an index or ion Input the upper or lower limit The program will flag dosages as out of range if they are above the upper limit set in this form or below the lower limit If no values are input or active in this form limits in the inhibitor files loaded to make the product will be used You can populate this form by pressing the SCAN INHIBITORS button It fills in the limits from the inhibitor models loaded You can ov
5. What if Scenarios pH Prediction hyd RO dose User Manual 39 hyd RO dose User Manual 40 WHAT IF SCENARIO MODELING What if scenario modeling provides one of the greatest benefits from using hyd RO dose The WHAT IF SCENARIO modules allow you to visualize what will happen to the scale potential and corrosivity of a water as environmental parameters and water chemistry change The What If scenarios allow you to evaluate the impact of bringing a water to the surface or of mixing waters under varying conditions to find the safe ratios for mixing The What If s also provide a predictor for use in anticipating problems in new or proposed wells The What If scenarios allow you to evaluate the scale potential of a water over the recovery range expected and the pH range encountered Input parameters for selecting the What If scenario rangescan be run with and without acid feed for pH control All of the What if Scenario modules can be run versus pH SCALES MODELED BY hyd RO dose SIMPLE INDICES Calcite CaCO3 Stiff Davis Aragonite CaCO3 Ryznar Witherite BaCO3 Puckorius Magnesite MgCO3 Larson Skold Siderite FeCO3 Barite BaSO4 Anhydrite CaSO4 Gypsum CaSO4 2H20 Celestite SrSO4 Fluorite CaF2 Amorphous Iron Fe OH 3 Amorphous Silica SiO2 Brucite Mg OH 2 Strengite FePO4 2H2O Tricalcium phosphate Ca3 PO4 2 Hydroxyapatite Ca5 PO4 3 OH Thenardite Na2SO4 Halite NaCl Iron sulfide FeS CONVENIENCE GROUPS Three CONVE
6. bbs PAA 30 Description Ba Ca Sr Antiscalant Product File Name PAA30 PRD E Inhibitor 1 mon Inhibitor 2 mon Inhibitor 3 30 000 Inhibitor 4 mon Inhibitor 5 mon Inhibitor 6 000 g Inhibitor 0 000 7 a 2 000 ae 150 000 Dosage mg L Actives Password Water Eu Calc SetLimits Delete File Help Cancel ENTER THE IN THE FORMULATION BASED UPON 100 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS e g if you are using a material which is 5096 active AMP and you wish to have the product be 10 active you would enter 20 on a manufacturing batch sheet for the material on an as hyd RO dose User Manual 52 is basis Enter 10 on the hyd RO dose Rx formulation sheet for the material on an active basis hyd RO dose will total the active ingredients and balance the formula with water Pressing the OK button saves the formulation and inhibitor information in the product PRD file named in the File Name field Copies of this file can be distributed to users of the hyd RO dose Rx Field Engineer Edition program NOTE Inhibitors should be re loaded into a formulation sheet when an inhibitor file is updated Product files load a copy of the inhibitor file when they are created They DO NOT automatically re load a new file when the inhibitor data is updated NOTE If models for more than one scale are loaded for a given inhibitor each model should be entered at the a
7. User Manual 14 Calcium sulfate Treatment is recommended when the saturation level for gypsum exceeds 1 0 In higher temperature systems gt gt 130 F treatment is required normally when anhydrite saturation level exceeds 1 0 Silica Most cooling waters can carry a silica saturation level of 1 1 to 1 2 hyd RO dose silica saturation levels are calculated using the solubility product for amorphous silica A saturation level in this range equates to a cooling water silica level of around 150 ppm as SiO2 at an acid to neutral pH and 180 ppm or above in waters with a pH above 8 0 This is comparable to the old guidelines for acid chromate programs 150 ppm as SiO2 used by most water treatment companies when such treatments were acceptable and for the guidelines for the new All Organic programs 180 to 200 ppm operating in the pH range of 8 0 to 9 0 It is of particular importance to evaluate silica saturation level in systems with borderline solubility as cooling water temperature or pH decrease seasonally Magnesium silicate Mag silicate compounds do not necessarily form due to a stoichiometric reaction The author believes that magnesium silicate forms through the adsorption of silica onto precipitated magnesium hydroxide Brucite saturation level was added to hyd RO dose calculated indices as a measure of the potential for magnesium silicate to form in a system based upon this philosophy If a water is supersaturated with magnesiu
8. 3D graphs Sl S a YOU COPIED THE WATER ANALYSIS at pH 8 60 and 80 recovery pecu hyd RO dose User Manual 44 Raw water can be copied or pasted using the COPY and PASTE buttons on the Input Form SempleDate 17 09 2010 Time 1604 D o RepotDate 17092000 Sample Description hyd RO dose tm Example Calcium 11 00 Iron 0 00 Hydrogen sulfide 0 00 as Ca as Fe as H25 Magnesium 0 00 Ammonia 0 00 Silica 0 00 as Mg as NH3 as SiO2 Barium 0 00 Aluminum 0 00 Phosphate 0 00 as Ba as Al as PO4 Strontium 0 00 Boron 0 00 Fluoride 0 00 as Sr as B as F Sodium 0 00 Chloride fi 31 91 Nitrate 0 00 as Na as Cl as NO3 s Potassium 0 00 Sulfate 0 00 Temperature 25 00 as K as 504 as C Lithium 0 00 Dissolved COZ 20 35 Density oo fas Li as CO2 g mL pH raw 7 00 Bicarbonate fi 11 00 Pressure 1 00 pH Units as HCO3 Bars Residence i500 Carbonate 0 00 Silt Density Index 0 00 time as CO3 seconds Comments Balance TDS mg L 374 26 EPM Cations 5 54 EPM Anions 5 5 ni o Cancel Copy Change Units U Paste hyd RO dose User Manual 45 hyd RO dose R Compares The Safe Operating Range For a Treated versus Untreated System Calcite 350 300 250 200 150 100 Degree of Supersaturation d 00 22 1e Hd posa SA 311d0ud 39NV3 SNILV33dO Recovery a C K or F Choose the
9. ANTISCALANTS pull down menu prior to concentrating the water if dosage recommendations are desired HINT The ALT P hot key combo prints a displayed graph The ALT F hot key combo exports the graph to your choice of PCX BMP or TIF graphical files Use the menus at the top of the graph for other options such as Gray Scle or Color display Gray Scale or Color Prints Page Q 17 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS ge nai RSA HN Edit Coefficients P Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile Bowes Camelo C03 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Graph vs pH module in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS pulldown menu models and plots the impact of varying pH upon indicators of scale and corrosivity potential The Graph vs pH module will use the results of the Vary pH module Results are displayed on the screen as a t
10. Color Prints Page Q 16 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Jnput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS E Hd Edit Coefficients n Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Comainn COS Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All TOWSB LOMSLON Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Vary pH module in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS pulldown menu models and plots the impact of varying pH upon indicators of scale and corrosivity potential The Vary pH moduledisplays the results of the Vary pH module Results are displayed on the screen in two overlapping tables One table outlines the water chemistry as pH varies The second table outlines the calculated indices saturation levels and other indicators of scale potential and corrosivity versus pH THE pH POINTS WILL REFLFLECT THE pH AT THE MEASUREMENT POINT SELECTED IN THE Select Parameters MODULE EITHER pH AS MEASURED IN THE FEED WATER OR pH AS MEA
11. Comia COS Calc s What s Stored Membrane 3D Profile Print All Constant Values Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Output Size On Screen module in Select Printout Size ES the PREFERENCES pull down menu allows you to change the size of the output windows which display water chemistry and 8 calculated values 4 gt HINTS 55 lines allows all windows to be displayed This dialog determines how many lines of an output will fit CAUTION This option only works if the appropriate fonts are on e GR ed pcb will installed on your computer You may see the size of windows 3 change from small to very large with few increments Cancel Page Q 38 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS VA PH eee Edit Coefficients P Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile mr CO3 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All Constant Values embrane gut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size O
12. File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit Coefficients 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Camal COS Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All rowse Vorrelallons Constant Values embrane Bout hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen Input pH Alkalinity Relationship M Alkalinity Actual SELECTION PURPOSE The Input pH Curve module in the INPUT CHEMISTRY pulldown menu accepts a user defined pH Alkalinity relationship for use in predicting the pH of concentrated water from alkalinity in other modules Values entered are converted to a mathematical model which can be selected as the pH Alkalinity prediction method WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Input pH Curve to replace the default pH Alkalinity curve with an empirical relationship you feel is more applicable to the system under study NOTE Once input you must select the User Defined Curve method for pH prediction in the Select Parameters module WHAT DOES IT DO The Input pH Curve module accepts pH M Alkalinity pairs and converts them to a formula for use by other modules which predict chemistry and pH Simple curve fit statistics are displayed as well as a simple Actual Predicted comparison You can aslo display a pH Alkalinity graph by pressing the Graph button WHAT DO YOU NEED A minimum of five b pH M Alkalinity pairs should be on hand for entry The input form will accept a max
13. Modeling of Cooling Water Chemistry Proceedings of the 45th International Water Conference 1984 12 Ferguson R J A Kinetic Model for Calcium Carbonate Deposition Materials Performance November 1984 13 Caplan Gary Cooling Water Computer Calculations Do They Compare Corrosion 90 Paper 100 14 Ferguson R J Computerized Ion Association Model Profiles Complete Range of System Parameters Proceedings of the 52nd International Water Conference 1991 15 Gill J S Anderson C D and Varsanik R G Mechanism of Scale Inhibition by Phosphonates Proceedings of the 44th International Water Conference 1983 16Boffardi B P Schweitzer G W Advances in the Chemistry of Alkaline Cooling Water Treatment Corrosion 85 Paper 132 17 Ashcroft R H Scale Inhibition Under Harsh Conditions By 2 Phosphonobutane 1 2 4 Tricarboxylic Acid Corrosion 85 Paper 123 18 Hann W M Natoli J Acrylic Acid Polymers and Copolymers as Deposit Control Agents in Alkaline Cooling Water Systems Corrosion 84 Paper 315 19 Amjad Z Masler W F III The Inhibition of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate Crystal Growth by Polyacrylates and the Influence of Molecular Weight Corrosion 85 Paper 357 hyd RO dose User Manual 63 20 Oddo J E Tomson M B Scale Control Prediction And Treatment Or How Companies Evaluate A Scaling Problem And What They Do Wrong Corrosion 92 Paper 34 21 Ferguson R J Weintritt D J De
14. Print pH Profile Printer Setup Specifications Print All What s Stored Membrane Qut 7777 Browse Correlations WORK FILE BROWESE amp DELETE f hydro hyd Date 97 09 02 Time 1648 ID NEWTSTHYD Sample Description TESTFEED HYD hyd RO dose French Creek Softwa Example File Kimberton PA 19442 fAhydro LOAD DELETE Cancel SELECTION PURPOSE The What s Stored selection in the FILES pulldown menu allows you to quickly scan the work files previously saved by the program The ID analysis description fields comments and file type are displayed for each filename selected WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select What s Stored when you can t quite remember the name of a file in which you saved some critical work or when you are about to perform housekeeping by deleting old never to be used again files and aren t sure What s Stored WHAT DOES IT DO The What s Stored module displays the names of all files HYD which were previously saved using the Save File or Save File As module Filenames are displayed in a scrolling vertical menu for selection The What s Stored module opens each file selected and quickly displays descriptive information about the file Page Q 7 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate P
15. Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print Raw Water Print System Specs Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Save File selection in the FILES pulldown menu allows you to save a water analysis and all calculations completed in a hard or floppy disk file All program flags are saved in their current state so that modules with prerequisites will be aware of what work has been completed e g a a raw water analysis must be entered prior to running the Concentrate module or there would be nothing but garbage numbers to concentrate WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Save File when you wish to save work completed in the current HYD file for later use or review Save an analysis in this manner also allows you to make minor modifications to input analysis without having to totally re enter all parameters It can also save time and date re entery if you wish to prepare further graphs or evaluate further parameters using the WHAT IF SC
16. Specifications PRESS THE MEMBRANE BUTTON TO SELECT THE SPECIFIC ION REJECTION PROFILE FOR A STANDARD MEMBRANE Feedwater Product SELECT MEMBRANE Flowrate Flowrate gpm gpm DEFAULT VALUES Desal 1 BE Desal 3 SC Desal 3 SE Brine Desal 3 SG x teem noms dee Desal CA CD gpm Desal CA CE Desal CALP CG SYSTEM OPERATING PARAMETERS MEMBRANE SELECTION DuPont B 10 DuPont B 9 Press the MEMBRANE button to select a n membrane appropriate to your system 7 Cancel MEMBRANE DEFAULT VALUES Hours per Day Days per Week Weeks per Year TLE SELECTION PURPOSE The Specifications selection provides the Flow and Recovery data used by the Concentrate module You can also select membrane specific ion rejection profiles from those on file PRINT RECALCULATE COPY CANCEL HINTS 1 If the membrane profile you need is not on file enter the spec s yourself using the Membrane module in the INPUT pulldown menu 2 Change flow units in the Input Units module Load Factor 0 100 Page Q 12 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs nput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Inp
17. Temperature 99 00 99 00 J Variable 3 Time 99 00 99 00 Variable 4 99 00 99 00 Variable 5 99 00 99 00 RH Tull 89 00 99 00 Variable 6 Cancel After this preliminary data is entered and the Correlate button is pressed to signify completion the module accepts input of water analysis data through almost the same analytical input form that is used in the Once Through Source Analysis module and Cooling Tower Make up Analysis modules The Input Lab Data form adds two 2 significant fields to the water analysis forms dosage and time The input form differs in another way operation The Lab Data Input Form replaces itself with a fresh form every time OK is pressed The Next Page and Last Page buttons allow you to browse through the analysis that have been input and make changes The program will sound a warning when the first analysis on hyd RO dose User Manual 59 file is reached The program will ask if you wish to add another analysis when the last analysis is reached Once all data has been entered press Correlate to invoke the statistical analysis of the data and generation of an inhibitor file A table of predicted versus input dosages will be displayed Use this table to determine crudely how well the data was modeled A correlation coefficient is also output Typical coefficients for usable models will range from 0 9 to 1 00 Pressing the Graph button will present further information o
18. Treated or The RED color code Untreated color coding indicates potential trouble option from the Options Pop up Menu Calcite Degree of Supersaturation 3 0072 38 Hd p994 SA 3114d0ud 39NV3 ONILVHIdO The BLUE color code indicates a safe zone for operation OPTIMIZING TREATMENTS Selecting A Product Inputting A Product Formulation Developing Inhibitor Models hyd RO dose User Manual 47 hyd RO dose User Manual 48 SELECTING A PRODUCT Products can be selected using the Select Product module in the ANTISCALANT pull down menu SELECT PRODUCT 10 Acitve PCA CaS 04 Inhib 10 Active ATMP CaCO3 Inhib 10 Active HEDP CaCO3 Inhib 10 Active PAA CaCO3 Inhib 10 Active PBTC CaCO3 Inhib 100 ACTIVE PMA Caco3 100 ACUMER 1000 CaCO3 Inhib 100 ACUMER 2000 Ca P04 Inhib 100 ACUMER 3100 Ca P04 Inhib 100 ACUMER 5000 SiO2 Inhibitor 100 AMP CaCO03 INHIBITOR 100 Belclene 283 Stressed 100 BULABS 7034 Ca PO4 Control Cancel hyd RO dose User Manual 49 Each product listed represents a product file PRD located in the HYDRO INHIB directory This module can also be accessed from the menu bar atop the graphic window when a graph is displayed CHECKING PRODUCT LIMITS You can compare the limits for a product to the actual conditions and chemistry by clicking the CHECK LIMTTS selection This is helpful if you need to find out why a dosage profile is not BLUE or is in brackets It describes what sc
19. and Marais 4 The Ryznar Stability Index The Ryznar stability index attempts to correlate an empirical data base of scale thickness observed in municipal water systems to the water chemistry Like the Langelier saturation index the Ryznar stability index has its basis in the concept of saturation level Ryznar attempted to quantify the relationship between calcium carbonate saturation state and scale formation The Ryznar index takes the form Ryznar stability index 2 pH pH The empirical correlation of the Ryznar stability index can be summarized as follows RSI lt lt 6 scale tendency increases as the index decreases RSI gt gt 7 calcium carbonate formation will probably not lead to a protective corrosion inhibitor film RSI gt gt 8 mild steel corrosion becomes an increasing problem hyd RO dose uses the pH calculated by the rigorous iterative method for RSI estimation hyd RO dose User Manual 7 The Stiff Davis Saturation Index The Stiff Davis index attempts to overcome the shortcomings of the Langelier Index with respect to high TDS waters and the impact of common ion effects on the driving force for scale formation Like the Langelier saturation index the Stiff Davis index has its basis in the concept of saturation level The solubility product used to predict the pH of saturation pHs for a water is empirically modified in the Stiff Davis index Stiff Davis indices will predict that a water is less scale for
20. be run to input a user defined pH Alkalinity relationship if you do not wish to use the default method The Select Parameters module should be run to customize the evaluation with respect to pH control options to select the pH estimation method and to specify a minimum and maximum pH control point and the desired increment between evaluations A printer should be active for the ALT and P hot key combo A product should be selected in the Select Product module of the ANTISCALANTS pull down menu prior to concentrating the water if dosage recommendations are desired HINT The ALT P hot key combo prints a displayed graph The ALT F hot key combo exports the graph to your choice of PCX BMP or TIF graphical files Use the menus at the top of the graph for other options such as Gray Scle or Color display Gray Scale or Color Prints Page Q 18 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit Coefficients 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Comainn C03 Cal
21. is equal to the solubility product Ksp when the water is in equilibrium Ca aCa CO a CO Ksp A saturation level is defined as the ratio of the ion activity product to the solubility product Saturation level aCa Ca a CO CO Ksp If a water is under saturated with respect to calcium carbonate the saturation level will be less than 1 0 When a water is at equilibrium the saturation level will be 1 0 by definition although our estimation of the ion activity product or solubility product might be in error A water which is supersaturated with calcium carbonate will have a saturation level greater than 1 0 Saturation level is the driving force for crystal formation and crystal growth As the saturation level increases beyond 1 0 the driving force for calcium carbonate crystal formation or crystal growth increases It can be shown that the Langelier saturation index approximates the base 10 logarithm of calcite saturation level The Langelier saturation level approaches the concept of saturation using pH as a master variable 1 The Langelier saturation index can be interpreted as the pH change required to bring a water to equilibrium A water with a Langelier saturation index of 1 0 is one pH unit above saturation Reducing the pH by 1 unit will bring the water into equilibrium This occurs because the portion of total alkalinity present as CO the bad actor decreases as the pH decreases A pH decrease of 1 unit will decrease th
22. oa au M Calculated values are displayed after entry is complete 2 li Potassium fi gute Temperature PREREQUISITES There are no prerequisites for the Raw Water PUN b Analysis module You might wish to run the Input Units module from Lithium qup a ma i n the PREFERENCES pulldown menu or by clicking on the Change Units D button at the bottom of the form if analytical units other than mg l or ai ae E rc n_ alkalinities in a form other than M and P are to be entered You Pesid P Alkalinit au should make sure that a printer is selected prior to printing the Une as CaC03 Silt Density Iridex calculated values Seconds HINTS Don t know the date Press the button to the right of either date input field to display a calendar Need to change the analytical Change Units Recalculate Cancel units e g from Ca as Ca to Ca as CaCO3 Press the Change Units button Page Q 10 Press the Change Units button to access the analytical units form hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save
23. receive a full refund of related license and initial maintenance fees exclusive of travel living and out of pocket expenses if the System fails to operate substantially in accordance with the System documentation EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE STATED HEREIN FRENCH CREEK MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY EXPRESS IMPLIED OR STATUTORY CONCERNING THE SYSTEM OR SERVICES PROVIDED HEREUNDER FRENCH CREEK SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FOR SUCH SYSTEM OR SERVICE CUSTOMER UNDERSTANDS AND AGREES THAT THE SYSTEM IS LICENSED STRICTLY ON AN AS IS BASIS The terms and conditions of this section shall survive any termination of this Agreement 6 INDEMNITY French Creek warrants that it has all necessary rights to license the System to Customer French Creek agrees to indemnify defend and hold Customer harmless for breach of such warranty provided that Customer gives French Creek prompt notice of a claim alleging such breach and provided further that French Creek shall have full authority to defend settle or compromise such claim If the use of the System provided hereunder is prohibited based on a claim of infringement of another party s rights then French Creek shall either a procure the right for Customer to use such licensed System b modify such portion of the System to become non infringing provided that such modification does not adversely affect Customer s i
24. run successively with different products by alternating between the Select Product and 3D Profile modules A pH control method and acid and or alkali must have been selected in the Select Parameters module Page Q 19 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP Print Raw Water Print System Specs Print Summary Print pH Profile Print All ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Select Product Input Product Print Recovery Profile SELECTION PURPOSE The Select Parameters module in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS pulldown menu is used to specify the parameters for pre treating and concentrating water in the Vary Recovery Vary pH and 3D Profile modules WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Select Parameters module to specify the minimum and maximum recovery rates and the increment between evaluation points in the Vary Recovery module Use Select Parameters to specify whether or not pH control should be used If pH control is selected as an option the pH control point is entered in this module The water where the control pH is measured is also specified Chemists might prefer to specify pH control to the target pH in the concentrate while an operator might specify pH control as measured in the feed water The method for estimating pH default or user defined pH Alkalinity relationship is also specified in the Select Parameters module The Typical Temperature ent
25. this Agreement or the rights granted hereunder to any person whether by operation of law or otherwise without the other party s prior written consent which consent shall not be unreasonably denied PROVIDED HOWEVER that no consent shall be required for any assignment or transfer Pursuant to any merger consolidation or reorganization to which either Customer or French Creek is a party This Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of any such successor or assign The license granted hereunder shall not be assigned or assignable in any proceeding involving the liquidation of Customer c RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES It is clearly understood between the parties that at all times during this Agreement that the relationship between French Creek and Customer is solely as independent contractors and in no other capacity The parties agree that there are no intended or incidental third party beneficiaries of this Agreement d COST OF ENFORCEMENT If either party is required to engage in legal proceedings to enforce the obligations of the other in law or in equity the prevailing party shall be entitled to reasonable attorneys fees and all related necessary and reasonable costs and expenses e SEVERABILITY In the event that any one or more of the provisions of this Agreement shall for any reason be held to be invalid illegal or unenforceable the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall be unimpaired and the invalid illegal or unenfo
26. to Equilibrium INTERPRETING hyd RO dose INDICES hyd RO dose Color Coding hyd RO dose User Manual 1 hyd RO doset User Manual WHY USE hyd RO dose hyd RO dose allows a water treatment chemist to evaluate the scale potential for common scalants over the range of water chemistry temperature pressure pH and recovery anticipated in membrane system hyd RO dose can evaluate the scale potential over a broad range of recovery and pH control options hyd RO dose was developed to allow a water treater to readily evaluate the scale potential for common scalants over the broadest of parameter ranges without the necessity for tedious manual calculations for the Stiff Davis Langelier saturation index Ryznar stability index or other indices Even when all of these common indices are available conflicting results can cloud interpretation of what they are foretelling These indices are also limited to calcium carbonate scale prediction hyd RO dose allows a water treater to review popular and some less known indicators relatively painlessly to develop a more complete picture of problems and potential problems anticipated from a water hyd RO dose also provides portable indices in the form of saturation levels The saturation levels calculated by the program account for common ion effects through a procedure called speciation or ion pairing This method allows indices to be based upon free ions present rather than total analytical values
27. to provide meaningful common denominators for comparing the scale potential of vastly different water chemistries on as close to an apples to apples basis as possible The use of ion pairing also allows calculations at very high ionic strength where the association of ions become as important or more important than the method used to estimate activity coefficients In summary hyd RO dose is used to e To develop an overall profile of scale potential for common scalants over the entire range of critical parameters anticipated e To evaluate the impact of acid feed on scale potential and scale inhibitor requirements e To evaluate the impact of recovery on acid and or inhibitor requirements e To quickly review these indicators as water quality changes or environmental constraints force operation with reduced water quality and increased scale potential e To learn more about the interaction of water chemistry and operating conditions pH temperature recovery pressure by using the program as a system simulator e To save time hyd RO dose can calculate and save the indices you currently calculate by hand and store the water analyses and calculated indices In many cases hyd RO dose allows you to prepare presentation quality graphical profiles in about the same time it would take to manually calculate the Langelier and Stiff Davis indices hyd RO dose provides a complete profile for the manpower cost of calculating a few indices using a no
28. 03 Calc s module in the PREFERENCES pull down menu allows the user to determine how the program will handle calculations involving carbon dioxide equilibrium with the atmosphere The user can elect to conserve molar carbon in calculations or conserve alkalinity WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED The 03 Calc s module should rarely be used The default method is to conserve molar carbon Ct This would be the case in a closed system which does not exchange CO2 with the atmosphere The other option is to conserve alkalinity in calculations This would be expected for a an open system which freely exchanges CO2 with the atmosphere In many cases only minor differences in calculated values will be observed between methods Page Q 36 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS VA PH i M Edit Coefficients P Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Camel C03 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All rowse Lorrelalions ramener embrane h Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameter
29. 1 11 10 72 Bicarbonate as HCO3 138 14 138 14 9 23 556 79 Carbonate as CO3 0 394 0 394 lt 0 001 21 04 Silica as 102 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Phosphate as PO4 0 100 0 100 0 00667 0 380 H28 as H28 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fluoride as F 1 00 1 00 0 0667 3 80 Nitrate as NO3 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 PARAMETERS pH 7 20 7 20 5 52 8 06 Temperature Deg F 77 00 77 00 77 00 77 00 Calculated T D s 845 37 845 37 56 36 3211 Calculated Cond 1167 1167 98 31 3473 DOSAGE PAA mg L L 30 1 119 9 Pd v hyd RO dose User Manual 51 INPUTTING A PRODUCT FORMULATION The Input Product module in the FORMULARY pull down menu is used to create a product PRD file The Input Product module is available only in the hyd RO dose Rx Formulator and Laboratory Editions Use the Input Product module to create a new product file or modify an existing product file s Product Name Description or Formulation All entries are made in the form reproduced on the next page The Product Name and Description information entered are stored in the product file and used as the Product Name and Description list in the Select Product module pop up menu Inhibitors MUST be selected from the pop up menu list of available inhibitors on file Move the cursor to the Inhibitor Field Press F2 to pop up the list of available inhibitors Select the inhibitor of interest The inhibitor file will be loaded for the ingredient selected Inhibitor Formulation Input Form j E x
30. CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations SELECTION PURPOSE The Print AM module in the REPORTS pull down menu outputs all of the tables available WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Print All module whenever a hard copy of the all work completed is desired WHAT DOES IT DO The module adds the date sample ID and analysis description information to the tables generated in module and prints them Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen PREREQUISITES The Print All module only runs available reports For example the Vary pH module must have been run for the pH Profile tables to be printed by Print All A printer should be active see Printer Setup under the FILES pull down menu Page Q 26 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Sta a ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Jnput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS VA PH eee Edit Coefficients n Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile Brace Canela lone C03 Ca
31. Coefficients 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Camelattcm C03 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All rowse LOMCIANONS Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen WARNING 3D plots will be in BAR GRAPH format Switch to CONTOUR PLOTS Y N SELECTION PURPOSE The 3D Graph Type module in the PREFERENCES pull down menu sets the initial graph type for 3D graphs as either the Bar or Contour type PREREQUISITES None Page Q 35 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit Coefficients 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH FINE Di POI Browse Correlations What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All onstant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen WARNING Total Carbon Will Be Conserved in Calculations Switch to Alkalinity Y N SELECTION PURPOSE The
32. ENARIOS e g further recovery rates or a broader pH WHAT DOES IT DO The Save File module saves all input and calculated values to a the current HYD disk file Parameters in effect when the work was saved are also saved including graph choices Each file saved should have the HYD extension e g EXAMPLE HYD and will require between 56K and 60K bytes of available disk space WHAT DO YOU NEED You need to previously have saved the workspace to a file The program automatically saves files on the disk drive and directory from which the program was executed PREREQUISITES This selection will not be active unless you have previously saved the workspace using the Save File As module Page Q 4 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Jnput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode s EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit Coefficients 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Comainn C03 Calc s What s Stored E 3D Profile Print All TOWSB LOMSLON Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Si
33. ES BETWEEN hyd RO sat and the hyd RO dose R Series The hyd RO dose Rx series adds one or two pull down menus to the main hyd RO dose menu The Field Engineer s Edition has one selection on the additional menu FORMULARY and one additional selection SELECT PRODUCT This module displays a list of the products on file and their description The Product Names and Descriptions listed are derived from the Product PRD files Printouts contain one additional line for the recommended dosage for the current product selected An additional graph selection is available for Product dosage profiles Although the Field Engineer s Edition of the program allows the use of the mathematical models and formulation data in the product file the original data cannot be accessed Someone with a product file cannot determine the active ingredients or their percentage in the formulated product The Formulator s Edition adds a second additional selection to the FORMULARY menu INPUT PRODUCT The product s name description and formulation are entered in this menu to create a Product PRD file Only inhibitors for which you have Inhibitor INH files can be included in the formulations The Laboratory Edition adds a second additional pull down menu which is appropriately labeled LABORATORY Water chemistry data dosage temperature and the time period during which the water was stable are entered into the RAW DATA INPUT module Once data is entered multiple r
34. Mode i EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS A PH ME Edit Coefficients n Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Comainn C03 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All TOWSB LOMSLON Constant Values embrane Bout hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Graph vs Recovery module in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS pulldown menu models and plots the impact of concentrating a makeup water upon indicators of scale and corrosivity potential The Graph vs Recovery module will use the results of the Vary Recovery module or it will concentrate a feed water with or without pH control Results are displayed on the screen as a two dimensional graph Each graph plots one line fromn the tables created by the Vary Recovery module One table outlines the water chemistry as it concentrates to the target maximum recovery rate The second table outlines the calculated indices saturation levels and other indicators of scale potential and corrosivity versus Recovery WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Graph vs Recovery to evaluate and plot indicators of scale and corrosivity potential over the expected operating recovery range for the system and to profile the dosage requirements for inhibitor s over this operating range The Graph vs Recovery module can also be used to evaluate the impact of pH control points on
35. NIENCE GROUPS have been programmed into hyd RO dose to allow multiple graph selection of common groups e The Common Foulants Group includes Calcite CaCO3 Barite BaSO4 Witherite BaCO3 and Anhydrite CaSO4 saturation levels e The Common Indices Group includes the Langelier Stiff Davis Oddo Tomson and Ryznar e The Calcium Carbonate Group includes Calcite saturation level Langelier saturation index the Stiff Davis index and the Oddo Tomson index hyd RO dose User Manual 41 What if Scenarios Three scenario types can be run for membrane systems The scenarios calculate the indicators of scale potential and corrosivity versus pH recovery or both The modules are called VARY RECOVERY VARY pH and 3D PROFILE for these scenarios Prior to running any of these modules setup the profiles and what if parameters in the Select Parameters module This module requests information on the minimum and maximum pH minimum and maximum recovery acid feed options and pH prediction methods for the scenario calculations What if Scenario Specifications pH Range Selection Low pH 6 00 High pH 7 20 Increment 0 20 Recovery Range Selection Low 75 00 High 90 00 Increment 2 50 pH Control Method Alkalies Control pH of Acid Caustic soda NaOH EE s eedwater C 93 H2504 C Caustic potash KOH 98 H2504 C Soda ash Na2C03 Brine C 35 HCl
36. O dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print Raw Water Print System Specs Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Quit selection in the FILES pulldown menu does just that It exits the program and returns control to the Windows Operating System WARNING Make sure all files are saved before you Quit Once you exit the program all unsaved data is lost Page Q 9 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File LEVA ELM EISE Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS A PH IUE Edit Coefficients n Grap
37. O dose and is hereby incorporated by reference Customer should specify on the Order Form the number of copies of the System to be licensed under this Agreement 2 DELIVERY AND SUPPORT French Creek will ship the number of copies of hyd RO dose as indicated on the Order Form as well as System documentation upon French Creek s receipt and acceptance of an executed Order Form and accompanying fees Delivery will be made at a mutually agreeable time but no later than thirty 30 days after French Creek has accepted the Order Form Payment of applicable fees 1s due upon execution of the Order Form hyd RO dose is capable of being installed by Customer by following the installation instructions in the documentation As part of the license fee French Creek provides 30 days of technical support Technical support refers to assisting Customer to learn how to operate hyd RO dose but does not include technical assistance in the interpretation of the various indices calculated by hyd RO dose If additional assistance is required French Creek will use its best efforts to assist Customer and will charge Customer for such services at its then current consulting charges 3 PAYMENT The fees and payment terms for the System and services are set forth in the Order Form Customer shall be responsible for the payment of any and all taxes or amounts paid in lieu thereof however designated levied or based on the System license granted hereunder or upon the ser
38. POSE The Print Recovery Profile module in the REPORTS pull down menu outputs the tables generated in the module Vary Recovery WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Print Recovery module whenever a hard copy of the projected water chemistry and indicators of scale and corrosivity versus recovery is desired WHAT DOES IT DO The module adds the date sample ID and analysis description information to the tables generated in the Vary Recovery module and prints them PREREQUISITES The Vary Recovery module must be run prior to the Print Recovery Profile module A printer should be active see Printer Setup under the FILES pull down menu Page Q 24 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print Raw Water Print System Specs Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Pr
39. Red signifies a definite problem prediction The treatment will not work regardless of dosage level The system is out of range e g too high a saturation level for the treatment selected hyd RO dose User Manual TT MAGENTA Magenta purple signifies that a problem is approaching or highly likely In the case of calcium carbonate inhibitors MAGENTA signifies that the system is within ten 10 percent of the limit for the inhibitor e g 135 calcite saturation level to 149 calcite saturation level for an inhibitor that fails at 150 or above In the case of blended orthophosphate copolymer products MAGENTA signifies that insufficient polymer is present for calcium phosphate scale control when the product is dosed at the level required for adequate corrosion protection The corrective action is to increase the ratio of copolymer to phosphate BLUE Blue signifies a safe operating range where the treatment will prevent deposition of the scale evaluated hyd RO dose User Manual 18 itm Fuzzy Chemistry Profiles Predict Problems Over A Broad Kange of Operating Conditions Calcite 40 0 30 0 20 0 10 0 Degree of Supersaturation 0 0 d 00 ZZ 1e Hd p994 SA JTTHOMNd JONVY ONILVHIdO Color coding identifies the severity of the problem Blue signifies a safe range Green indicates a mild problem potential if conditions change slightly Yellow warns you to check measurements trouble is near Magenta i
40. S VA PH i M Edit Coefficients n Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile Bises Comia C03 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen Navigate through hyd RO dose using the familar Windows menu interface HOT KEY COMBINATIONS The program was designed to flow in the same order that you might evaluate HOT KEY COMBINATIONS a system The FILES pulldown menus handle housekkeping chores such as F1 Module level Help storing and retrieving files clearing the workspace with the New command and exiting with the Quit command ALTH Field level Help The INPUT pulidown handles the input of Raw Water Chemistry and i E R 0 System Specifications including Membrane selection ALTF Save graph displayed Once you have completed inputting the basic survey information move on to to PCX BMP or TIF file What if modelling in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS pulldown menu Use ALTE Export displayed 3D the Select Parameters input form to specify the Recovery Rate range you graph data as an ASCII file wish to model to select pH control agents and the Control point Feed Water pH or Concentrate Inhibitors can be modelled by selecting in the ANTISCALANT ALTO Selget Graphs Select Product module ALTU Select Input Units Advanced users with Formulator or Laboratory Editions can create their own scale ALTT Sl a inhibitor p
41. SURED IN THE CONCENTRATE CAN BE SELECTED WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Vary pH to evaluate the impact of pH control on indicators of scale and corrosivity potential at the typical recovery rate for the system and to profile the dosage requirements for inhibitor s over this pH range WHAT DOES IT DO The Vary pH modules evaluate the water chemistry at up to seven 7 pH points from the minimum selected to the maximum Default values are a minimum pH of 6 0 maximum of 7 2 and a 0 2 pH unit increment Other recovery rates and pH control ranges can be selected using the Select Parameters module in the same pulldown menu The Typical Temperature entered in the Select Parameters menu is used for calculations as is the Typical Recovery Rate in the System Specification form PREREQUISITES The Raw Water Analysis module must be run prior to Vary pH A pH control method MUST be selected in the Select Parameters module including an Acid and or Alkali for pH control The Input pH Curve module should be run to input a user defined pH Alkalinity relationship if you do not wish to use the default method The Select Parameters module should be run to customize the evaluation with respect to pH control options to select the pH estimation method and to specify a minimum and maximum pH control point and the desired increment between evaluations A printer should be active for the ALT and P hot key combo A product should be selected in the Select Product module of the
42. Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 C A Es C Lime Ca 0H 2 BEEN 7 NONE EIE ELM E02 Exchange pH Prediction Method Totally Closed s Contra CO2 Mfgr s Method c Translate User g Default Caplan Total Carbon Conserve SoucepH Curve Curve Curve Vented Conserve C02 Alkalinity The first graph selected for a series of profiles takes the longest All indices are calculated during the first run of the What If scenario Once they are calculated recalculation is not required until you change either the pH recovery temperature or water chemistry Once a graph is displayed it can be printed or saved as a graphics file A menu bar at the top of the graph window provides options for working with graph Options include Printing Displaying and Exporting the graph as a color or gray scale format hyd RO dose User Manual 42 The CHOOSE GRAPHS module should be used to select the graphs desired Once a graph is displayed on the screen it can be saved as a PCX BMP or TIF file for use in other programs such as word processing programs or printed Like the other modules the ALT and G hot key combo will pop up the CHOOSE GRAPHS menu The ALT and F hot key combo will pop up the SAVE FILE menu for saving a graph as a PCX file and the ALT P combo will print the graph to the selected printer Calculated values used to plot the 3Dgraphs can be exported as quotation mark comma delimited ASCII files These DAT files can b
43. TION LEVEL WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Choose Graphs prior to Aragonite CaC03 running any of the graph presentation modules You can also Witherite BaC03 access Choose Graphs from the menu at the top of displayed Sirontianite SrCO3 graphs Magnesite MgC03 WHAT DOES IT DO The Choose Graphs module allows you Anhydrite Caso4 to select individual graphs or re defined groups of four 4 Gypsum CaS04x2H20 graphs for presentation by the appropriate modules in the Barite BaS0 4 WHAT IF SCENARIO group The graphs are selected by the Celestite Srso4 vertical scrolling menu shown at the right Tricalcium phosphate Ca3 P04 2 Hydroxyapatite Ca5 P04 3 0H Fluorite CaF2 PREREQUISITES None The Choose Graphs menu can be run at any time from the main menu or when appropriate using the ALT and G hot key combo Page Q 32 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference REPORTS HELP FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS oe Printer Setup Specifications lapi vS p What s Stored Membrane 3D Profile Apgut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Print All SELECTION PURPOSE The Input Units module in the PREFERENCES pull down menu allows you to select the units of measure for the water analyses input Water chemistry units are mg l by default The units ppm parts p
44. Version 7 Suite Compatible French Creek Software yd RO dose hyd RO dose User Manual Copyright O 2011 French Creek Software Inc All Rights Reserved The following are trademarks of French Creek Software Inc and may only be used with permission French Creek French Creek Software WaterCycle WaterCycle Rx hyd RO dose hyd RO sat DownHole SAT WatSIM and MineSAT The absence of a name or logo in this list does not constitute a waiver of any and all intellectual property rights that French Creek Software has established in any product feature or logos hyd RO dose Copyright 1998 French Creek Software Inc Kimberton PA 19442 All rights reserved Why Use hyd RO dose Indices calculated by hyd RO dose The hyd RO dose Series Getting Started Installation amp System Requirements Selecting Analytical Units Choosing the pH Control Point System amp Membrane Spec s What if Modeling Optimizing Treatments Selecting A Product Inputting A Product Formulation Developing Inhibitor Model Quick Reference Appendices and Bibliography WHY USE hyd RO dose WHAT INDICATORS DOES hyd RO dose CALCULATE SIMPLE INDICES The Langelier Saturation Index Ryznar Stability Index Stiff Davis Saturation Index Practical Puckorius Scaling Index Larson Skold Corrosivity Index MORE INVOLVED CALCULATIONS Ion Association Model Saturation Level Momentary Precipitation
45. acid consumption and indicators of scale potential WHAT DOES IT DO The Graph vs Recovery and Vary Recovery modules evaluate the water chemistry at up to seven 7 recovery rates from the minimum selected to the maximum Default values are a minimum recovery of 75 096 maximum of 90 096 and a 2 596 increment Other ranges and operating conditions such as pH control point can be selected using the Select Parameters module in the same pulldown menu The Typical Temperature entered in the Select Parameters menu is used for calculations PREREQUISITES The Raw Water Analysis module must be run prior to Vary Recovery The Input pH Curve module should be run to input a user defined pH Alkalinity relationship if you do not wish to use the default method The Select Parameters module should be run to customize the evaluation with respect to pH control options to select the pH estimation method and to specify a minimum and maximum Recovery Rate and the desired increment between evaluations A printer should be active for the ALT and P hot key combo A product should be selected in the Select Product module of the ANTISCALANTS pull down menu prior to concentrating the water if dosage recommendations are desired HINT The ALT P hot key combo prints a displayed graph The ALT F hot key combo exports the graph to your choice of PCX BMP or TIF graphical files Use the menus at the top of the graph for other options such as Gray Scle or Color display Gray Scale or
46. ale index or ion is out of limit Treatment Limits Summary 4 x Product PAA Ca Ba 5r Antiscalan Parameter Current Value Lower Limit Upper Limit Status Calcite CaCO3 29 282 N A 150 OK Gypsum 0 89954 N A 4 OK Celestite 51504 0 33585 N A 12 OK Barite BaSO4 142 2 N A 80 ABOVE LIMIT Amorphous Silica 0 N il OK Fluorite CaF2 8 8019e 002 N A 120 OK Iron 5e 002 N A 0 2 OK Aluminum D N A 0 2 OK Langelier Index 1 6804 N A 2 5 OK Ryznar Index 47 B N A OK Puckorius Index 4 2954 3 3 N A OK Aragonite CaCO3 25 212 N A 135 OK Cancel The CHECK LIMITS form can be accessed from the SYSTEM CHEMISTRY summary displayed when you CONCENTRATE from the WHAT IF menu hyd RO dose User Manual 50 SYSTEM CHEMISTRY AT 75 0 90 RECOVERY OPTIONS NEW TREATMENT CHECK LIMITS Sample ID 0 Report Date 17 09 2004 Sampled 17 09 2004 at 1246 CATIONS Raw water Feedwater Product Brine Calcium as Ca 111 00 111 00 7 40 421 80 Magnesium as Mg 11 00 11 00 0 733 41 80 Barium as Ba 0 500 0 500 0 0333 1 90 Strontium as Sr 2 00 2 00 0 133 7 60 Sodium as Na 133 08 133 08 8 87 505 69 Potassium as EK 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Lithium as Li 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Iron as Fe 0 0200 0 0200 0 00133 0 0760 Ammonia as NH3 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Aluminum as Al 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Boron as B 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 ANIONS Chloride as Cl 131 46 131 46 8 76 499 55 Sulfate as SO4 300 00 300 00 20 00 1140 Dissolved CO2 as CO2 16 65 16 65
47. an or the Peoples Republic of China without further compliance with the Validated License requirements of the Office of Export Administration United States Department of Commerce Customer agrees to use this technical data only at authorized destinations and Customer will not knowingly permit exportation or transshipment in violation of the above law and regulations thereunder Customer agrees to indemnify and hold French Creek harmless from any and all costs damages fines or other expenses incurred by French Creek by reason of Customer s violation of these representations of Customer b Each copy of the System may only be used by Customer on one equipment work station as defined in the System documentation at any one time Customer may not use or allow use of the System in any time sharing or service bureau arrangement or with any interactive cable system or local area network Customer may only use the System for its own internal business or in servicing the business requirements of its clients for whom Customer performs services c Customer shall not release or allow the release of the System or its related documentation in any form to any third party except to Customer s employees who are directly concerned with the licensed use of the System except as otherwise specifically stated herein d Customer shall not copy the System except for purposes of normal backup and testing without the prior written consent of French Cre
48. anual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Open File selection in the FILES pulldown menu allows you to restore a previously evaluated water analysis and all calculations completed prior to the work being saved ina file All program flags are reset to the state when the work was saved WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Open File when you wish to review the results of a previously completed water evaluation Restore previously saved work when you wish to prepare further graphs or evaluate further parameters using the WHAT IF SCENARIOS e g further recovery rate for a water or a broader pH range WHAT DOES IT DO The Open File module loads all input and calculated values from a previously saved disk file Parameters in effect when the work was saved are also loaded including graph choices WHAT DO YOU NEED You need the name of the file where previous work was stored as well as the disk drive and directory and or subdirectory information Unless you specify otherwise the program automatically saves files on the disk drive and directory from which the program was executed Page Q 3 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY
49. apacity of the water for continued scaling A water can have a high saturation level with no visible scale formation The driving force might be present but there is insufficient mass for gross precipitation Saturation levels should be viewed as another tool for developing an overall picture of a water s scale potential They can point out what scales won t form under the conditions evaluated but they can not predict that deposits of an economically significant quantity will form The next index covered incorporated the properties of quantity as well as driving force to round out the hyd RO dose indicators of scale potential Momentary Excess Precipitation To Equilibrium This index is adapted from a little used calculation of Momentary Excess This index describes the quantity of scalant which would have to precipitate instantaneously to bring a water to equilibrium In the case of calcium carbonate Ca CO Ksp at equilibrium If a water is supersaturated Ca CO gt gt Ksp hyd RO dose User Manual 12 Precipitation to equilibrium assumes that one 1 mole of calcium will precipitate for every mole of carbonate that precipitates On this basis we can estimate a quantity X the precipitation required to restore a water to equilibrium as follows Ca X CO X Ksp X is a quantitative indicator of precipitation reserve for a water X will be a small value when either calcium is high and carbonate low or when carbo
50. avis Freevs Total Ba Free vs Total 504 Puckorus S D Free vs Total CO3 Select All i hyd RO dose User Manual 33 CHOOSING DISPLAY SIZE The Output Size On Screen form allows you to select the number of lines form a printout that will be display on the screen This allows you to size the output window so that an entire printout can be displayed on the screen This form is also accessed through the Preferences menu Select Printout Size PRINT MODE The final setup form is rarely needed It allows the selection of either directly printing to a printer or printing indirectly by preparing the printout in the computer s memory prior to transmitting to the printer Choose Direct Print initially Change your selection to Indirect Print if problems are encountered printing graphs Choose Print Mode hyd RO dose User Manual 34 SYSTEM amp MEMBRANE SPECIFICATIONS System Specifications Selecting Membrane Type Creating A New Membrane File hyd RO dose User Manual 35 hyd RO dose User Manual 36 System Specifications The hyd RO dose program series uses the specifications entered into the SYSTEM PARAMETERS modules for calculations of concentrate and product chemistry Flow units can be changed in the Input Units module The Recovery entered in this module will be used by other modules as a basis for calculations System Specifications Feedwater Product Flowrate Flowrate 10000 7500 gp
51. c s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All rowse LOMCIANONS Constant Values embrane l Bout hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The 3D Profile module in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS pull down menu models the impact of pH and Recovery upon indicators of scale and corrosivity potential and dosage requirement Indicator or dosage trends are presented versus both pH and Recovery to provide an in depth profile of the system WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select 3D Profile to evaluate indicators of scale and corrosivity potential or dosage requirements over the expected operating pH and recovery range for the system Include the minimum and maximum expected pH values and recovery to assure that foulants are evaluated under the harshest expected conditions The module is also useful for comparing product dosages over the operating range expected for a system to assure that a treatment can handle the system conditions over its entire pH recovery range WHAT DOES IT DO The 3D Profile module evaluates the water chemistry in a seven 7 by seven 7 matrix of pH values and recovery at the Typical Temperature entered in the Operating Range Specifications section of the Select Parameters module Recovery and pH are evenly spaced from the minimum to the maximum Default values are a 6 0 minimum and 7 2 maximum for pH and 75 to 90 for recovery The 3D graphs
52. cator of corrosivity towards mild steel or other metals of construction The LSI describes only the corrosivity of a water towards an existing calcium carbonate scale or other calcium carbonate bearing structure The LSI does describe the tendency of a water to dissolve corrode calcite scale It has also been used to control the corrosion of asbestos concrete board ACB fill which uses calcium carbonate as part of the binder Water is hyd RO doset User Manual 6 LSI But the interpretation of corrosivity towards metals is not explicit in the LSI It has been postulated that a supersaturated water will form an eggshell like film of calcium carbonate scale which will act as an inhibitor film for corrosion of mild steel This can occur in highly buffered waters The LSI or other saturation based indices do not guarantee this inhibitory behavior Calcium carbonate film formation is typically observed in highly buffered waters Researchers Stumm 3 Lowenthal and Marais 4 have shown that waters supersaturated with calcium carbonate often develop tubercular deposit which do not inhibit corrosion on mild steel This behavior is typically associated with waters of low buffer capacity Puckorius 5 also warned against using saturation level derived indices as the basis for foretelling corrosion problems in systems The Langelier saturation index is elegantly derived in the original published form 2 It is also thoroughly explained by Lowenthal
53. cite saturation level temperature as it affects reaction rates pH as it affects the dissociation state of the inhibitor and time hyd RO dose Rx allows you to develop mathematical models for the minimum effective scale inhibitor dosage as a function of these parameters driving force temperature pH and time Mathematical models for inhibitors can be developed using the Laboratory version of hyd RO dose by editing water chemistry temperature and time data developed in the laboratory through field experience or both The hyd RO dose Rx series is composed of the following programs hyd RO dose Rx Field Engineer s Edition This version of the program allows a user to select a product and obtain a dosage or dosage profile Product PRD files must be supplied for each product the Field Engineer s version can model The program can also perform all functions of the basic hyd RO dose program Dosage recommendations are incorporated into the basic hyd RO dose system as an additional line of output on the tables output and as an additional graph selection in the What if modules hyd RO dose Rx Formulator s Edition This version allows a user to input a product formulation and create a Product PRD file The program must have access to Inhibitor INH files for an inhibitor to be incorporated into a formulation The Formulator s version incorporates all functions and printouts available in the basic hyd RO dose program and in the Field Engi
54. ctive percentage e g if a product is 30 PAA and you load the BaSO4 inhibitor model the CaCO3 inhibitor model and the SrSO4 model each should be given the value of 30 Your total may exceed 100 The program will treat the product as the appropriate percent active 30 in this case NOTE The minimum dosage is the minimum dosage the program will recommend in the brine The module accepts input data for a product file loads the mathematical correlations for the individual inhibitors in the formulation and outputs the new or updated product file An inhibitor file INH must be in the WATER INHIB sub directory for each inhibitor which is an active ingredient Inhibitor files are created in the Input Lab Data module of the LABORATORY pull down menu in the hyd RO dose Rx Laboratory Editions They can be created from in house laboratory and or field data or obtained from raw material suppliers who use the hyd RO dose Rx series a s a technical support tool SETTING PRODUCT LIMITS Press the SET LIMITS button in the INHBITOR FORMULATION INPUT FORM to access the PRODUCT LIMITS INPUT FORM This is available in Formulator and Laboratory Editions hyd RO dose User Manual 53 Product Limits Input Form Formulation PAA 100 Limit Lower Active Limit CaCO3 99 00 CaSO4 2H2O 99 00 SrS04 99 00 Baso4 99 00 Sid2 99 00 C Mg SiO2 99 00 CaF2 99 00 C Fe 99 00 C AJ 99 00 CaCO3 99 00 CaCO3 99 00
55. ctual waters the reactive species are present in many forms Not all of the ion measured analytically is available to react For example calcium can be bound with hydroxide sulfate carbonate and bicarbonate and unavailable for other reactions This binding or reduced availability of the reactants decreases the effective ion activity product for a saturation level calculation hyd RO dose uses an ion association model to estimate the available or free ions present in the water The ion association method is well described in the literature hya RO dose uses the free ion concentrations estimated by the ion association method in saturation level calculations The resultant saturation levels calculated are significantly lower than those based upon total analytical values The ion association model saturation levels have been in use by the major water treatment companies since the early 70 s The indices tend to give a more accurate indication of the driving force for scale formation They have not been in general use however due to the difficulty of calculating them The iterative approach required for the calculations mandates the use of a computer One of the purposes of hyd RO dose is to make the ion association method for saturation levels available to all Water Treaters Saturation levels no matter how refined are still an equilibrium based index They provide a measure of the driving force for a scalant to form but do not incorporate the c
56. d given and received when delivered by hand or placed in the mails addressed to the other party first class registered mail postage prepaid at the addresses indicated following the signatures of the parties on the Order Form or such other addresses as may be specified in writing j ENTIRE AGREEMENT The terms and conditions stated herein constitute the entire and exclusive agreement between the parties for the System and no other statements unless agreed to in writing shall be binding upon the parties No statement of any marketing representative shall be binding on French Creek unless set forth in writing and agreed to by French Creek This Agreement shall be effective only after its acceptance by French Creek at its offices in Pennsylvania k GOVERNING LAW This Agreement shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hyd RO dose User Manual 71 hyd RO dose User Manual 72 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Jnput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETER
57. e CO concentration of the water about ten fold This impacts saturation level directly by also decreasing the ion activity product tenfold So a 1 pH unit decrease will decrease the Langelier saturation index by 1 unit A 1 pH unit decrease will also decrease the saturation level IAP K ten fold A negative Langelier saturation index indicates that a water is under saturated with respect to calcium carbonate calcite If the LSI is 1 0 raising the pH of the water 1 unit will increase the calcium carbonate calcite saturation level to equilibrium The 1 pH unit increase does this by increasing the CO3 portion of the carbonate alkalinity present ten fold The calcite saturation level increases accordingly ten times hyd RO doset User Manual 5 The Langelier saturation index is probably the most widely used indicator of cooling water scale potential It is purely an equilibrium index and deals only with the driving force for calcium carbonate scale formation and growth It provides no indication of how much scale CaCO3 will precipitate to bring a water to equilibrium It simply indicates the driving force for scale formation and growth in terms of pH as a master variable The Langelier saturation index is defined as Langelier saturation index pH pHs e pH is the measured water pH e pHs is the pH where the water will be saturated at equilibrium with respect to CaCO3 In the cooling water pH range of 6 5 to 9 5 the pH calculat
58. e impact of pH control points on acid consumption and indicators of scale potential WHAT DOES IT DO The Concentrate module evaluates the reject chemistry at the target recovery rate entered in or calculated in the System Specification module Other operating conditions such as pH control point can be selected using the Select Parameters module in the same pulldown menu PREREQUISITES The Raw Water Analysis module must be run prior to Concentrate The Input pH Curve module should be run to input a user defined pH Alkalinity relationship if you do not wish to use one of the default methods The Select Parameters module should be run to customize the evaluation with respect to pH control options acid and alkali type to select the pH estimation method and to specify whether the pH control point for the target pH is in the Feed Water feed water pH or the concentrate brine pH An inhibitor product can be selected in the Select Product module of the FORMULARY pull down menu prior to concentrating if dosage recommendations are desired Page Q 14 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis ALW HO 21 Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Pri
59. e imported into most spreadsheet and graphics programs and used to recreate graphs or further manipulate the data pH PREDICTION Predicting pH as the water concentrates is one of the more difficult aspects of computer modeling hyd RO dose provides several options chosen from the SELECT PARAMETERS menu form e The MANUFACTURER S METHOD uses pH Alkalinity predicting pH in a totally closed system and assumes no CO exchange with the atmosphere This method is recommended when totally closed is selected for the CO exchange type e The TRANSLATE SOURCE pH is recommended when vented is selected for the CO exchange type e The DEFAULT curve is a pH Alkalinity curve which is used by several of the major water treatment companies for predicting pH from alkalinity This is included for compatibility with previous versions and should only be selected for vented systems e The USER DEFINED curve uses data input in the INPUT pH ALKALINITY module to predict pH from alkalinity The Caplan curve is similar to the default curve It is derived from a paper published by Gary Caplan at Corrosion 90 NACE This is included for compatibility with previous versions and should only be selected for vented systems The pH control point selected will depend on your perspective Chemists will typically be interested in the pH of the brine concentrate and would select the Brine as the pH control point An operator would be more interested in the pH of his
60. e the minimum and maximum driving force where the model will be used If a calcium carbonate inhibitor is being evaluated the range of calcium and hardness levels anticipated should be bracketed as well as the range of calcite saturation levels RUN SUPPLEMENTAL TESTS WHERE APPROPRIATE Some inhibitors are known to lose activity in the presence of iron Tests run in the presence and absence of iron can help to expand the accuracy of models by allowing an Iron Factor to be input using the Edit Coefficients module hyd RO dose User Manual 61 Several papers are referenced in the Appendix of this manual which outline test methods which have been used effectively to characterize the performance of inhibitors Successful correlations can also be developed based upon the field experience of water treatment personnel have worked with an inhibitor over a broad range of conditions Example hyd RO dose Models The following provide a guideline for developing basic models 1 Dosage f DF 1 time The first model develops a correlation of dosage as a function of driving force temperature and time The driving force selected for this or other models should be appropriate for the scale forming species under study For example calcite saturation level is a common driving force used to model calcium carbonate scale inhibitors Tricalcium phosphate saturation level is a recommended driving force for use in modeling the effectiveness of calctum phosphate c
61. eate product PRD files Tt can also access inhibitor INH files The Formulator Edition can create modify and display product information files PRD The INPUT FORMULATION module is used to access or create a PRD file Active ingredients information is added to the PRD files through the loading of the inhibitor file for the active ingredient being added The appropriate percentage s for active ingredients thus loaded are entered into the form The inhibitor INH files contain the mathematical inhibitor model coefficients to calculate dosage recommendations The Formulator Edition can use the information in the INH files but is not capable of displaying this sometimes proprietary information or the laboratory data which was used to generate the inhibitor correlations The Formulator Edition has full access to the formulation information such as active ingredients and their percentages The Formulator Edition can also create membrane specification files MBR Membrane Specification files are created by entering the specific ion rejection coefficients for a membrane type into the INPUT SPECS form and saving as a MBR file hyd RO dose R Laboratory Edition Files The Laboratory Edition creates the same files that are created by the original hyd RO dose program The Laboratory Edition has all of the capabilities of the Formulator Edition It can create product PRD files Additionally the Laboratory Edition can be used to direc
62. egression is used to develop a model and determine the goodness of fit between your data and the model This module generates Inhibitor files for use by the Formulator version of the program or the related modules in the Laboratory version Note the Laboratory version can perform any function done by the Field Engineer s or Formulator Versions hyd RO dose User Manual 24 hyd RO dose R Files The hyd RO dose series uses three 3 file types in addition to those used and generated by the original hyd RO sat program The original files included the HYD work files and the PCX BMP and TIF graphic output files and the MBR membrane specification files The hyd RO dose Rx series adds the PRD product information file the INH inhibitor correlation file and the COR laboratory data for correlation file hyd RO dose Files Workspace Files HYD files store water analysis entered into hyd RO dose units information What if parameters and any indices which were calculated prior to being stored in HYD file format HYD files are hyd RO dose work files which allow you to stop work save what you have completed and return at another time A HYD file returns the hyd RO dose program analysis and values to the same condition they were when the file was saved Membrane Files MBR files store the ion rejection specifications for membranes A separate MBR file is required for each membrane type Graphic Files PCX files are a standa
63. ek In the event that Customer copies the System or its accompanying documentation as stated herein Customer agrees to also copy French Creek s copyright notices and or other proprietary notices in the same manner location and method of presentation as existed in the materials supplied by French Creek to Customer e Other than as stated in this Agreement Customer understands and agrees that it has no right title or interest in the System and agrees that it shall not attempt at any time to transfer its rights to use the System without the prior written consent of French Creek Customer agrees that it will not use System except as stated herein Customer further agrees that it will not modify decompile or hyd RO dose User Manual 66 disassemble the System nor shall Customer incorporate the System into any updated or derivative work without the prior written consent of French Creek For purposes of this Agreement the term updated or derivative work is intended to refer to the use of the System either in whole or in part in the development of some other system of work whether or not such other system or work is operated by computer or otherwise The term updated or derivative work is not intended to refer to any interfaces or other methods of access to the System 5 WARRANTY For a period of thirty days following Customer s receipt of the System French Creek warrants that Customer shall have the right to return the System and to
64. ematical correlations for the individual inhibitors in the ll formulation and outputs the new or updated product file Inhibitor 4 TI PA PREREQUISITES An inhibitor file INH must be in the HYDRO INHIB Inhibitor 5 _ dH x sub directory for each inhibitor which is an active ingredient m Inhibitor files are created in the Input Lab Data module of the LABORATORY pull down menu in the Laboratory Editions They can be nhe TE created from in house laboratory and or field data or obtained from raw Minumum mr x material suppliers who use the French Creek Software Rx series Dosage mes A hotivos programs as a technical support tool Passsord _ OE Water P NOTES 1 The product file name MUST end with the PRD extension e g EXAMPLE PRD OK Calc Delete File Help Cancel 2 Enter on an active solids basis e g If you are adding 10 of a 50 active PAA enter 5 3 Push the button next to each ingredient for a list of Raw Materials INH on file Page Q 28 WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP FILES INPUT New CHEMISTRY Open File Raw Water Analysis Save File Input pH Curve Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Printer Setup Specifications What s Stored Membrane aqui hyd RO dose Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Prin
65. ench Creek provide other future modifications and enhancements under a separate agreement for such services The terms and conditions of this section state French Creek s entire responsibility to provide maintenance services hereunder 9 UNINTENDED USE Customer agrees that it will use the System as supplied by French Creek only for the purposes and in the manner set forth in this Agreement and accompanying documentation In the event that Customer breaches its responsibility under this section or if Customer is not using the System in accordance with its documentation then French Creek will have no further obligation to provide technical support or maintenance services hereunder and Customer shall not be entitled to a refund of any amount paid to French Creek In certain circumstances French Creek may also have the right to terminate this Agreement 10 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY French Creek s liability during the 30 day period following delivery of the System shall be limited to attempting to repair any System error condition or to accept return of the System and refund to Customer all related license and initial maintenance fees exclusive of travel living and out of pocket expenses paid to French Creek on account of this Agreement Thereafter French Creek s liability to Customer shall not exceed the amount of license fees paid to French Creek on account of the System French Creek shall have no liability to Customer for damages resultin
66. er million as the ion or ppm as CaCO3 or epm equivalents per million as the ion can be selected in this module for input units Alkalinity units can be specified as M and P alkalinity as CaCO3 corrected or uncorrected HCO3 and COS in mg l as the ions or as milliliters of N 30 sulfuric acid M and P alkalinity input are the default For example you can select from Ca as Ca or Ca as CaC03 on this form Other notable types are Fe as Fe Fe as CaCOa or Fe as Fe203 When this form is displayed Buttons can be used to select preset analytical units as reported by major water treatment companies WHAT DOES IT DO The nput Units module accepts the desired units for analyses entry via a user friendly entry form French creek Software programs perform conversions of input data to its internal format based upon the input units selected in this module Input unit preferences are stored in workspace save files HYD PREREQUISITES None NOTE The Input Units module can also be accessed by pressing the CHANGE UNITS button on the Raw Water Chenistry input form ANALYTICAL UNITS SELECTION Print Raw Water Print System Specs Print Summary Print pH Profile a Calcium z Magnesium asMa Barium Strontium Sodium Potassium ask Lithium x pH Residence a time Date MM DD YR REPORTED AS ppm O mg l epm Page Q 33 Iron Ammonia Aluminum Bor
67. er ride these inhibitor file limits by entering values in this form and activiating them with the radio button hyd RO dose User Manual 54 DOSAGE MODULATION The section describes the basis for the models used by and developed using hyd RO dose Rx Models are discussed by parameter DRIVING FORCE The basic parameter to which scale inhibitor dosages have been correlated historically is the driving force for crystal formation and crystal growth Early models attempted to develop models based upon the Langelier Saturation Index or the Ryznar Stability Index More recently correlations have been published to the Practical Stability Index on the back of the Puckorius and Associates slide rule Most water treaters are in agreement that dosage requirements increase with the driving force for scale formation They differ in which driving force is used Calcite saturation level provides an excellent driving force for calcium carbonate scale inhibitor models gypsum saturation level for calcium sulfate in the cooling water temperature range and tricalcium phosphate saturation level for calcium phosphate scale prevention The Momentary Excess indices can also be used effectively to model dosage requirements hyd RO dose Rx allows the water treatment chemist to develop models using any of the indices calculated by hyd RO dose TIME A second critical factor in determining an effective dosage or developing a model for an inhibitor is time Time is
68. ered in this module is used for the calculations in the Vary Recovery and Vary pH modules The Operating Range Specifications entered in this module are used by the 3D PROFILE module which calculates indices at the Typical Recovery Rate entered and over the Low to High pH ranges entered in this module PREREQUISITES The Input pH Curve module should be run to input a user defined pH Alkalinity relationship if you wish to use a custom curve for pH prediction FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS V2 PH Printer Setup nati Graph vs pH Specifications What s Stored Membrane 3D Profile aqui hyd RO dose Select Parameters EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations What if Scenario Specifications pH Range Selection Low pH Choose Graphs Input Units Print Mode 9D Graph Types CO3 Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen Technical Manual r Recovery Range Selection Low High Increment 2 5 r pH Control Method m Alkalies Control pH of Acids C 93 H2SO4 C 98 H2504 35 HCI coz NONE C Caustic soda NaOH C Caustic potash KOH C Soda ash Na2CO3 C Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 C Lime Ca OH 2 NONE Feedwater C Brine pH Target
69. feed water and would choose Feedwater as the pH control measurement point In either case acid requirements projected will be mg L of acid feed to the Raw Water When the control point is the brine the acid feed or alkali feed projected is the feed to the raw water required to control the pH in the brine When the control point is the Feedwater the projected acid or alkali requirement is the feed required to adjust the raw water pH to the desired feedwater pH hyd RO dose User Manual 43 Please note that pH profiles can not be run unless an acid and or alkali is selected COPY and PASTE BETWEEN PROGRAMS If you right click on the top of a 3D graph bar or a 2D graph bar the water analysis for that poiint will be copied to the Windows clipboard and can be pasted into other French Creek programs For example you can right click on the top of the 3D bar for your expected Recoverey and pH copy the analysis for this concentrate to the Windows clipboard and paste it into the mixing input forms of a French Creek program like DownHole SAT MineSAT or WatSIM Paste into DownHole SAT for deep injection well disposal to check compatibility with the aquifer You can also right click on a column in any table to copy the analysis to the Windows clipboard hyd RO dose will acknowledge that the copy was successful Analysis copied to the Windows clipboard x o Concentrate Analysis at 75 00 Recovery Copied Wm aed or from
70. fications used for calculations is desired WHAT DOES IT DO The module adds the date sample ID and analysis description information to the system diagram and table generated in the Specifications module and prints them PREREQUISITES The Specifications module must be run prior to the Print System Specs module Default values will be used if no other values have been entered A printer should be active see Printer Setup under the FILES pull down menu Page Q 22 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print All Print Raw Water Print System Specs Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Print Summary module in the REPORTS pull down menu outputs the tables ge
71. formation to the tables generated in the Raw Water Analysis module and prints them PREREQUISITES The Raw Water Analysis module must be run prior to the Print Raw Water module A printer should be active see Printer Setup under the FILES pull down menu Page Q 21 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print Raw Water Print System Specs Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Print System Specs module in the REPORTS pull down menu outputs the system diagram from SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications module spec sheet to the currently selected printer WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Print System Specs module whenever a hard copy of the speci
72. g from causes beyond French Creek s reasonable control IN NO EVENT WILL FRENCH CREEK BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING LOSS OF PROFITS OR GOODWILL ARISING FROM OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SYSTEM OR SERVICES PROVIDED UNDER THIS AGREEMENT EVEN IF FRENCH CREEK IS ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES THIS SECTION STATES CUSTOMER S EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES UNDER THIS AGREEMENT THIS SECTION SHALL SURVIVE ANY TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT 11 TERM AND TERMINATION The license granted in this Agreement is for a term of twenty 20 years or until sooner terminated as stated herein Upon termination Customer shall return to French Creek the original and all copies of the licensed System and related documentation or certify in writing to French Creek the hyd RO dose User Manual 69 destruction of such materials French Creek reserves the right to terminate any service provided hereunder as stated herein or in the Order Form 12 GENERAL a AMENDMENT No amendment or supplement to this Agreement shall be binding unless consented to in writing and signed by both parties provided that such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld The party requesting any consent under this Agreement shall reimburse the other party for any expenses including attorneys fees which result from the request for consent b ASSIGNMENT Neither party may assign sub license sub lease lend rent or otherwise transfer
73. generated are color coded from blue least cause for concern to red highest problem potential Gray scale screens are used for monochrome systems and printers Display and output options can be selected from the menus at the top of the graph screen Hot key combinations can also be used to select display and output options The ALT and P hot key combo will print the displayed graph to the currently selected printer The ALT and F key combo allows you to save a graph being displayed to a PCX BMP or TIF file for use in other programs The ALT and E key combo or Export Date menu selection exports the calculated values used to prepare the graph in ASCII format When Bar Graphs are displayed the ALT C key combo switches the display to contour plots When contour plots are displayed ALT and B switches to the bar graph format PREREQUISITES A Raw Water Analysis must be entered prior to running the 3D Profile module Operating Range Specifications should have been entered in the Select Parameters module The module will ask you to select graphs from a scrolling vertical menu if none are selected You can change the graph selection using the Select Graphs option from the PREFERENCES pull down menu or by depressing the ALT and G hot key combo The ALT G combo is active when the main menu is waiting for input A printer should be active A product should be selected in the Select Product module of the ANTISCALANT pull down menu prior to graphing Graphs can be
74. h Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Camin COS Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All rowse Lorrelalions Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen u Press the button by either date input field to display a calander to pick the date SELECTION PURPOSE The Raw Water Analysis module in the INPUT pulldown menu generates a form on the screen for input of raw a Sample Date 95 02 1997 Time IDit Report Date 09 02 1937 water analyses Other relevant modules can be called from this input dus D ne form such as the Input Units module for changing analytical reporting p Sample Description units and the Set Constant Values module for setting a constant DROS DIAL OD Sica Ama WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Raw Water Analysis to enter a raw water analysis and calculate the indicators of scale and corrosivity Calcium mo Iron Hydrogen sulfide potential This module is also a prerequisite for running the WHAT IF fas Core gas air as H25 SCENARIOS including Concentrate Profile vs Recovery Profile vs spi p ppc ar AN pH and 3D Graph MA aan raids SPA rcs dum dem Mae The Raw Water Analysis module accepts water chemistry input via a user friendly form and runs simple validation yd ye diria tests on the values entered to assure that they are in a reasonable i i range e g a pH of 1 is unacceptable to the validation routines rie p
75. he evaluation of a water saved the results if desired and are ready to enter a new water analysis for evaluation The New selection assures that the new analysis is entered on a clean slate WHAT DOES IT DO The New module reinitializes all values to the startup default values When the New module is executed it resets all flags in the program For example when a raw water is entered into the program a flag is set that tells other modules that a valid raw water analysis has been entered This allows the other modules that require a raw water analysis that this prerequisite has been completed All data for an unsaved analysis is lost when the New option is executed Page Q 2 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print Raw Water Print System Specs Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Technical M
76. imum of ten 10 pairs Select pairs that cover the alkalinity range expected Extrapolate if you must Unusual results may be encountered if your model was developed from data in an alkalinity range of 20 to 100 mg l as CaCO3 and you attempt to evaluate a pH at an alkalinity of 400 If your data does not cover a broad enough range to encompass your WHAT IF s please use the default pH Alkalinity curves TRICK the program will accept a single point If you enter a single pH Alkalinity pair the model will use the slope of the Default Kunz curve and translate the intercept based upon the value entered PREREQUISITES There are no prerequisites for the Input pH Curve module Page Q 11 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs nput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile e a 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile Brace Comia COS Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen System
77. increase dosages The INH file is updated to include the rules entered PREREQUISITES An inhibitor file must exist Output Size On Screen SAFETY FACTOR 1 1 increases by 10 1 2 by 20 etc IRON FACTOR 0 000000 Organic phosphate as PO4 nom Cancel Increase inhibitor dosage by ppm for every ppm Fe above PHOSPHATE FACTORS Orthophosphate as PO4 0 000000 OK Page Q 30 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane SELECTION PURPOSE The Browse Correlations module in the LABORATORY pull down menu to see what inhibitor names and descriptions are available WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Browse Correlation module to see what inhibitors are available with raw laboratory data WHAT DOES IT DO The module lists the inhibitors for which you have raw data PREREQUISITES Correlation files must exist Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print Raw Water Print System Specs Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data
78. int Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Print pH Profile module in the REPORTS pull down menu outputs the tables generated in the module Vary pH WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Print pH Profile module whenever a hard copy of the projected water chemistry and indicators of scale and corrosivity versus pH is desired at the target recovery rate entered in the Specifications module WHAT DOES IT DO The module adds the date sample ID and analysis description information to the tables generated in the Vary pH module and prints them PREREQUISITES The Vary pH module must be run prior to the Print pH Profile module A printer should be active see Printer Setup under the FILES pull down menu Page Q 25 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print Raw Water Print System Specs Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile EDIT
79. ion constitute valuable and proprietary property of French Creek Customer understands and agrees that French Creek may suffer irreparable harm in the event of any unauthorized disclosure of any portion of the System and or its accompanying documentation which may substantially diminish the value of such System and documentation to French Creek Therefore Customer agrees not to disclose any portion of the System or accompanying documentation without the prior written consent of French Creek except that Customer may disclose such materials a to employees of Customer who have a need to be familiar with the operation of the System or its accompanying documentation b to any governmental agency with supervisory authority over Customer or pursuant to compulsory legal process or c to others in a strict confidential relationship with Customer In this regard Customer shall take all steps as are necessary or appropriate to fulfill this obligation In the event that Customer materially breaches its obligations under this section Customer understands and agrees that French Creek has the right to terminate this Agreement upon written notification to Customer Customer further agrees upon such termination to return to French Creek the original and all copies of the licensed System and related documentation Furthermore Customer acknowledges that French Creek shall be entitled to an injunction prohibiting the use and further disclosure of such licensed Syste
80. ion simplifies to pHs pK pKs pCa pAlk e pK is the negative logio of the second dissociation e constant for carbonic acid e pK is the negative logio of the solubility product for calcite e pCa is the negative logio of calcium measured in the water e pAlk is the negative log 1 of the total alkalinity measured for the water being evaluated hyd RO dose uses the full iterative method for estimating the pH of saturation for calcite for calculating the Langelier saturation index The LSI is analogous to voltage for those who are electrically minded A voltage is the driving force for moving electrons across a resistance As voltage potential difference increases there is a higher driving force for current electron flow Voltage however indicates nothing of the current being moved The LSI and other saturation level based indices describe the driving force for scale formation and growth but say little of the amount of scale which will form or be dissolved in order to bring a water to equilibrium Although they are very useful a second factor must be considered in interpreting saturation level based indices Saturation level based indices indicate the potential for scale formation if a water is unperturbed for an infinite period of time Most cooling water systems have a substantially shorter holding time index A final point on the Langelier index deals with the concept of corrosivity The LSI was not intended as an indi
81. ium Boron as B Fluoride As CaCO3 Sodium Chloride asch Nitrate Potassium Sulfate as SO4 Temperature Combination Lithium Acidity as CO2 H Pressure Atm pH M Alkalinity fas HCO3 DCO2 m epm Resid T cw 2 Une nce P Alkalinity as CO3 Densitu mg L md Date MM DD YR Flow Rates apm Corrosion rate my 12 REPORTED AS BALANCING IONS r CATIONS ANIONS 1 ppm O Sodium Chloride c mgl Sulfate io epm Potassium Nitrate C Analytical units are available for almost any reporting method in use Date format can also be changed in this module You might also wish to select the ions which will be used to balance incomplete water analyses Selecting Windows To Display hyd RO dose displays an enormous amount of information At times a total display is useful At other times two much information is confusing or a nuisance You can determine which informational output windows will be displayed after inputting analysese or running a What if Scenario These forms allow you to customize the display of these output windows hyd RO dose User Manual 31 Select Windows To Display And When To Display Them It is recommended that new users set all windows to display They can be deactivated and reactivated as desired using these forms hyd RO dose User Manual 32 CHOOSING DATA TO PRINT You can also determine what analytical values and indices will be included in pri
82. lc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Select Product module in the ANTISCALANT pull down menu lists the products on file and a description of their purpose and allows you to select or change the product for which dosages will be calculated by the WHAT IF SCENARIO modules WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Select Preduct module to select a product for calculations or switch between products for calculations WHAT DOES IT DO The module loads a product file including the mathematical correlations for the product which are used to calculate dosages from indices and operating parameters PREREQUISITES A product file PRD must be in the HYDRO INHIB sub directory before it can be selected Product files are created in the Input Product module of the ANTISCALANTS pull down menu in the Formulator or Laboratory Editions SELECT PRODUCT 10 Acitve PCA 10 Active ATMP 10 Active HEDP 10 Active PAA 10 Active PBTC 100 ACTIVE PMA 100 ACUMER 1000 100 ACUMER 2000 100 ACUMER 3100 100 ACUMER 5000 100 AMP 100 Belclene 283 100 BULABS 7034 Page Q 27 CaS 04 Inhib CaCO3 Inhib CaCO3 Inhib CaCO3 Inhib CaCO03 Inhib CaCOo3 CaCO03 Inhib Ca P 04 Inhib Ca P 04 Inhib SiO2 Inhibitor CaCO3 INHIBITOR Stressed Ca P04 Control hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference
83. lues Output Size On Screen Raw Data File PAA INH D Output File Calcite CaCO3 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Print Summary EDIT CORRELATION Print Mode Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All Edit Coefficients 3D Graph Types C03 Calc s Constant Values FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Save FIG As SYSTEM PARAMETERS V2 PH Printer Setup nati Graph vs pH Specifications What s Stored Membrane 3D Profile Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters SELECTION PURPOSE The Edit Coefficients module in the LABORATORY pull down menu is used to add safety factors iron factors and other customizing values to inhibitor INH files WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Edit Coefficients module when you wish to add a 10 20 30 or other safety factor to dosages prodicted by the inhibitor model Use the module to define a rule for dealing with iron e g add 1 ppm of inhibitor for every ppm of iron above 1 8 WHAT DOES IT DO The module accepts values that are used in the inhibitor models to
84. lve or precipitate the compound until an IAP Ksp ratio of 1 0 is achieved This will occur if the water is left undisturbed for an infinite period of time under the same conditions A water with a saturation level of 1 0 is at equilibrium with the solid phase It will not tend to dissolve or precipitate the scale 3 As the saturation level LAP Ksp increases above 1 0 the tendency to precipitate the compound increases Most waters can carry a moderate level of supersaturation before precipitation occurs in a finite period of time such as the seconds to minutes a water is present in a once through system or the hours to days a water is present in a cooling tower system Most systems can carry a small degree of supersaturation The degree of supersaturation acceptable for a system varies with parameters such as residence time the order of the scale reaction and the amount of solid phase scale present in the system To be on the safe side it is recommended that an appropriate inhibitor be fed to a system if the saturation level is above 1 0 The acceptable degree of saturation for a given system should be based upon your experience The author has found the following guidelines useful Calcium carbonate In once through systems treatment is necessary when the saturation level at the highest temperature and pH in the system is above 1 2 to 1 5 A slightly higher degree of supersaturation can be carried in some cooling towers hyd RO dose
85. m hydroxide Brucite and even low levels of reactive silica are present in the cooling water magnesium silicate formation is possible Magnesium silicate formation is probable when the water is supersaturated with Brucite and silica levels are 40 ppm as SiO2 or above A recent NACE paper reported the formation of stoichiometric magnesium silicate scales in systems A stoichiometric form was added tot he scales evaluated by hyd RO dose as a result of this paper Precipitation might be expected when the magnesium silicate saturation level exceeds 1 2 Calcium fluoride Treatment or operating parameter changes are recommended when the saturation level for Fluorite exceeds 1 0 Tricalcium phosphate Tricalcium phosphate saturation level calculations are a fifth order affair As a consequence small changes in free phosphate concentration or even smaller changes in calcium concentration have a dramatic impact on the calculated saturation level For this reason high saturation levels on the order of 100 000 or above can be observed in cooling waters treated for calcium phosphate scale control The authors experience is as follows Beware when a system is supersaturated with tricalcium phosphate A tricalcium phosphate saturation level below 100 is easily treated Most inhibitor treatments can prevent scale formation even if not specifically directed towards tricalcium phosphate pH decrease can decrease tricalcium phosphate saturation level
86. m and materials and further entitled to money damages resulting from such unauthorized disclosure The rights and remedies set forth herein are not exclusive and are in addition to any other rights and remedies provided by law and the exercise of one right shall not preclude the exercise of any other right stated herein The terms and conditions of this section shall survive any termination of this Agreement 8 MAINTENANCE Customer may elect to have French Creek perform maintenance services for the System by so indicating on the Order Form Maintenance services will commence upon Customer s execution of the Order Form and French Creek s receipt of the appropriate maintenance fee Maintenance services will be provided for an initial term of one year and will renew for additional one year terms unless either party gives 60 days prior written notice of its intention to terminate such services Fees for renewal terms of maintenance services will be calculated as a percentage of the then current license fee for the System at time of renewal Under maintenance French Creek will provide Customer with periodic releases of the System that will include minor enhancements as well as modifications to keep the System operating in accordance with its accompanying documentation Prior releases of the System will be supported for three 3 months after a new release becomes available to Customer Support services under maintenance include telephone consulta
87. m gpm Brine Recovery Flowrate gpm SYSTEM OPERATING PARAMETERS MEMBRANE SELECTION Hours per Day Press the MEMBRANE button to select a membrane appropriate to your system MEMBRANE DEFAULT VALUES Days per Week Weeks per Year If Load Factor 0 100 PRINT RECALCULATE COPY CANCEL Selecting Membrane Type The membrane type can be selected in the Specifications module of the INPUT pulldown menu Press the MEMBRANE button and select the membrane closest to that used in the system under study hyd RO dose User Manual 37 SELECT MEMBRANE DEFAULT VALUES Desal 1 BE Desal 3 SC Desal 3 SE Desal 3 SG Cancel If the membrane in use is not on file a MBR file can be created by accessing the Membrane module in the SYSTEM PARAMETERS section Individual lon Rejection Fraction NOT E Membrane Tune File Name Calcium Iron coz Magnesium Ammonia HCO3 Barium Aluminum co3 Strontium Boron Hydrogen sulfide 0 07 Sodium Chloride Silica Potassium Sulfate Phosphate Lithium Nitrate Fluoride INITIALIZE TO SAME VALUE Enter a value between 0 0 and 1 0 in this box press the MAKE SAME button and all specific o MAKE SAME ion rejections will be initialized to this default value c Choose Membrane Save Membrane Cancel Enter specific ion rejection values as a fraction hyd RO dose User Manual 38 WHAT IF SCENARIO MODELING
88. ming than the Langelier index calculated for the same water chemistry and conditions The deviation between the indices increases with ionic strength Interpretation of the index is by the same scale as for the Langelier Saturation index The Practical Puckorius Scaling Index The Puckorius or Practical scaling index attempts to further quantify the relationship between saturation state and scale formation by incorporating an estimate of buffering capacity of the water into the index The previously discussed saturation derived indices only account for the driving force for calctum carbonate scale formation They do not account for two other critical parameters the buffering capacity of the water and the maximum quantity of precipitate that can form in bringing a water to equilibrium A water high in calcium but low in alkalinity and buffering capacity can have a high calcite saturation level The high calcium level increases the ion activity product A plot of ion activity product versus precipitate for the water would show a rapid decrease in pH as calcium precipitated due to the low buffering capacity Even minuscule decreases in carbonate concentration in the water would drastically decrease the ion activity product of the water due to the small quantity present prior to the initiation of precipitation The water might have a high tendency to form scale due to the driving force but scale formed might be of such a small quantity as to be unobse
89. mograph or water chemistry slide rule hyd RO doset User Manual 3 WHAT hyd RO dose WON T DO hyd RO dose will not recommend a treatment program It will not substitute for experience You will have to provide the interpretation based upon your and your company s knowledge of inhibitor effective limits hyd RO dose programs will provide guidelines for treatment levels and where inhibitor limitations are known warn you of projected inhibitor failure through color coding Dosages tum RED when out of range WHAT INDICATORS DOES hyd RO dose CALCULATE hyd RO dose calculates indicators of scale potential for barium sulfate barite barium carbonate witherite calcium carbonate calcium sulfate anhydrite and gypsum strontium sulfate celestite calctum phosphate hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate amorphous iron hydroxide iron phosphate strengite iron carbonate siderite amorphous silica calcium fluoride fluorite and magnesium hydroxide brucite It also calculates common simple indices for reference Simple indices calculated over the range of conditions specified include e the most common Stiff Davis Langelier and Ryznar e those that have been used by the major water treatment companies but have generally been unavailable to most water treaters Saturation levels based upon an ion association model e and some that the program author has found useful the Larson Skold corrosivity index A detailed revie
90. mpared to the buffer capacity of a water The calculation method is covered in more detail in the literature 12 hyd RO dose User Manual 13 INTERPRETING hyd RO dose INDICES Scale Potential As Indicated By Saturation Level All but one of the indices discussed in this section describe the tendency of a water to form or dissolve a particular scale These indices are derived from the concept of saturation For example saturation level for any of the scalants discussed is described as the ratio of a compounds observed ion activity product IAP to the ion activity product expected if the water were at equilibrium Ksp In hyd RO dose graphically profiles the degree of supersaturation is labeled as this ratio IAP Ksp This ratio has many names and is referred to as Saturation Level Degree of supersaturation and x Saturation This ratio will be referred to as Saturation Level or Degree of supersaturation throughout the manual The following general guidelines can be applied to interpreting the degree of supersaturation 1 If the saturation level is less than 1 0 a water is under saturated with respect to the scalant under study The water will tend to dissolve rather than form scale of the type for which the index was calculated As the saturation level decreases and approaches 0 0 the probability of forming this scale in a finite period of time also approaches 0 2 A water in contact with a solid form of the scale will tend to disso
91. n in the FILES pulldown menu accesses the Windows setup dialog box for your currently selected printer WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Printer Setup when you wish to select a different printer from the list of those currently installed in Windows when you wish to change printer resolution or other properties accessible by Windows WHAT DOES IT DO The Printer Setup module calls the Windows printer setup dialog WHAT DO YOU NEED You need to have a printer installed in Windows NOTE THE DIALOG DISPLAYED WILL BE FOR YOUR CURRENTLY SELECTED DEFAULT PRINTER CHANGING THE PRINTER FROM WITHIN hyd RO dose WILL ONLY AFFECT PRINTING FROM hyd RO dose IT WILL NOT CHANGE YOUR DEFAULT PRINTER The dialog on the left is an example and will vary with each printer and version of the Windows Operating System hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit Coefficients 3D Graph Types C03 Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters
92. n modeling inhibitor performance and requirements hyd RO dose User Manual 62 REFERENCES 1 Stumm Werner and James J Morgan Aquatic Chemistry John Wiley amp Sons 1981 2 Langelier W F The Analytical Control of Anti Corrosion Water Treatment J A W W A 28 1500 1521 1936 3 Stumm Werner Investigations on the Corrosive Behavior of Waters A S C E 86 2657 4 Loewenthal R E and G v R Marais Carbonate Chemistry of Aquatic Systems Ann Arbor Science 1982 5 Puckorius Paul Getting A Better Reading on Scaling Tendency of Cooling Water Power September 1983 6 Larson T E and Skold R V Corrosion 14 1958 7 Truesdell A H and B F Jones WATEQ A Computer Program for Calculating Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters N T I S Publication PB220460 1973 8 Schell Charles J The Use of Computer Modeling in Calguard to Mathematically Simulate Cooling Water Systems and Retrieve Data Proceedings of the 41rst International Water Conference 1980 9 Chow Winston Aronson John T Michletti Wayne C Calculations of Cooling Water Systems Computer Modeling of Recirculating Cooling Water Chemistry Proceedings of the 41rst International Water Conference 1980 10 Johnson Donald A Fulks Kenneth E Computerized Water Modeling in the Design and Operation of Industrial Systems Proceedings of the 41rst International Water Conference 1980 11 Musil R R and H J Nielsen Computer
93. n Screen hyd RO dose Ml xj File Edit Bookmark Help Contents Search Annotate Topic SELECTION PURPOSE The Technical Manual WHY USE hyd RO dose module in the HELP pull down menu displays an WHAT INDICATORS DOES hyd RO dose CALCULATE on line version of this User Manual The Langelier Saturation Index RYZNAR STABILITY INDEX Stiff Davis Saturation Index PUCKORIUS SCALING INDEX MOMENTARY EXCESS PRECIPITATION TO EQUILIBRIUM LARSON SKOLD INDEX SATURATION LEVEL INTERPRETING hyd RO dose INDICES hyd RO dose COLOR CODING WHAT IF SCENARIO MODELING pH PREDICTION hyd RO dose Rx Series hyd RO dose Rx Files DOSAGE MODULATION INPUTTING A PRODUCT FORMULATION DEVELOPING INHIBITOR MODELS REFERENCES Page Q 39
94. n in systems with high iron hydroxide saturation levels Note that iron hydroxide momentary excess values reported will almost always be negligible This ids due to the high order of the reaction Rely upon the saturation level for deposition prediction and ignore the momentary excess in most cases Iron phosphate Strengite the iron phosphate mineral modeled by hyd RO dose should be considered a problem when the saturation level exceeds 1 0 Momentary excess for this scale former will be negligible in most cases due to the low level of free phosphate typically available Rely upon the saturation level for prediction of iron phosphate scale hyd RO dose User Manual 16 CaCO Scale amp Corrosion Potential As Inferred From Simple Indices The Langelier Saturation Index Stiff Davis Ryznar Stability Index and Puckorius or Predictive Scaling Index are well documented Values calculated by hyd RO dose for these indices should be very close to those calculated using normal methods Guidelines for these indices are covered in their respective sections of this manual It should be noted that these indices are limited to calcium carbonate scale potential They are based upon total calcium and total alkalinity present and may be of limited usefulness in high TDS waters for this reason The indices as previously discussed do not account for ion pairing which reduces the free calctum and carbonate concentrations available for scale formation It is
95. n the correlation in graphical format Predicted vs Actual Dosages Error vs Calcium PO4 x Sat Predicted mal Difference Actual Dosage ma i Calcium PDS s Sat Error vs Temperature 2 Error vs pH u a u u E E a a n n z E Temperature C The Input Lab Data module is available only in the hyd RO dose Rx Laboratory Edition The Edit Coefficients module is used to add special rules and safety factors to the inhibitor files The raw laboratory analysis and calculated values are stored in a COR file The data is used to create an inhibitor INH file OPERATION HINTS 1 Enter inhibitor dosages on a 100 ACTIVE BASIS 2 Make backup copies of COR files under another name This will prevent anguish and stressed tempers when a COR file with a thousand or so analysis is over written unintentionally hyd RO dose User Manual 60 3 Always press Graph after completing the correlation to see the graphs of predicted versus observed dosages and graphs of error versus versus the independent parameters 4 The Options Menu Bar allows correlation graphs to be saved as a PCX TIF or BMP file 5 Always enter at least 5 valid analysis DEVELOPING LABORATORY DATA A common question from hyd RO dose Rx users is What should I use for an experimental design French Creek Software recommends that the experimental designs for developing mathematical models for inhibitors include FIVE TEMPERATURES PREFERRED Data sho
96. nate is high and calcium low It will increase to a maximum when equal parts of calcium and carbonate are present As a result this index Precipitation to Equilibrium will provide vastly different values for waters with the same saturation level Although the original Momentary Excess index was applied only to calcium carbonate scale hyd RO dose extends the index to other scale forming species In the case of sulfate momentary excess is calculated by solving for X in the relationship Ca X SO4 X Ksp The solution becomes more complex for tricalcium phosphate Ca 3X PO 2X Ksp The index provides a quantitative indicator of scale potential and has been used to correlate scale formation in a kinetic model 12 The index does not account for two critical factors The pH will change in some cases as precipitate forms by the precipitation of alkalinity contributors such as carbonate or phosphate Secondly the index does not account for changes in driving force as the reactant levels decrease due to precipitation hyd RO dose includes Momentary Excess precipitation to equilibrium as a final indicator of scale potential for the scalants covered by the computer program hyd RO dose expresses the precipitation to equilibrium in parts per million Momentary Excess does not represent a quantitative assessment of the amount of a fouling which will precipitate It is an indicator of the capacity of a water to scale and can be co
97. ndicates a problem is likely Take corrective action Red warns of a problem Treatment or other remedial action is required hyd RO dose User Manual 20 THE hyd RO dose R SERIES hyd RO dose R Series Programs The Field Engineer Edition The Formulator Edition The Laboratory Edition hyd RO dose Files Workspace Files HYD Membrane Specification Files MBR Graphic Files PCX TIF BMP Data Output Files DAT Product Files PRD Inhibitor Files INH hyd RO dose User Manual 21 hyd RO dose User Manual 22 hyd RO dose R Series Programs Most of us use our own system for varying inhibitor treatment levels with water chemistry Over the years we ve developed our own rules of thumb For example Most of use apply higher levels of inhibitors as temperature increases Most of us increase dosage as the driving force for scale formation increases Higher levels of CaCO3 inhibitors are applied as the Langelier Saturation index or calcite saturation level increase Many of us will feed higher inhibitor levels to a 72 hour holding time index system than to a 3 hour residence time system We will definitely feed higher levels to a long holding time system than to a short residence time system And finally most of us will feed a slightly higher dosage in high pH systems All other things being equal dosages for scale inhibitors are applied as a function of a driving force for scale formation and growth e g Cal
98. neer s Edition of the hyd RO dose Rx series hyd RO dose Rx Laboratory Edition This version allows a user to develop mathematical models for scale and corrosion inhibitors in addition to the functions of the other programs in the series Mathematical model templates are available for common inhibitors types Laboratory and or field data can be entered in forms almost identical to the regular hyd RO dose chemistry input forms hyd RO dose User Manual 23 Additional fields in the Laboratory version are time and dosage Mathematical models for an inhibitor are developed by the program using multiple regression The correlations models developed are output in the form of inhibitor INH files The goodness of fit for the data can be presented in table and graphical format The hyd RO dose Rx Laboratory and Formulator s Editions are shipped with inhibitor files for common materials such as AMP HEDP PBTC and PAA to name a basic few Inhibitor files are also available for calcium sulfate control agents calcium phosphate control corrosion inhibitors and modeling corrosion rates on mild steel Additional files are available from inhibitor s manufacturers The hyd RO dose Rx Laboratory Edition includes the raw data for AA AMPS as published by Calgon in a NACE paper Correlations can be developed for dosages versus any of the hyd RO dose indices any of the data input and some internal calculated values such as buffer capacity DIFFERENC
99. nerated in the Concentrate WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Print Summary module whenever a hard copy of the projected water chemistry and indicators of scale and corrosivity is desired at the target recovery rate WHAT DOES IT DO The module adds the date sample ID and analysis description information to the tables generated in the Concentrate module and prints them PREREQUISITES The Concentrate module must be run prior to the Print Summary module A printer should be active see Printer Setup under the FILES pull down menu Page Q 23 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters Print Raw Water Print System Specs Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Print Summar Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen SELECTION PUR
100. nt Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS VA PH al e A Edit Coefficients P Grabh Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile B Comainn COS Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All TOWSB LOMSLON Constant Values embrane Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Vary Recovery module in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS pulldown menu models the impact of concentrating a makeup water upon indicators of scale and corrosivity potential The Vary Recovery module will concentrate a feed water with or without pH control Results are displayed on the screen in two overlapping tables One table outlines the water chemistry as it concentrates to the target maximum recovery rate The second table outlines the calculated indices saturation levels and other indicators of scale potential and corrosivity versus Recovery WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Vary Recovery to evaluate indicators of scale and corrosivity potential over the expected operating recovery range for the system and to profile the dosage requirements for inhibitor s over this operating range The Vary Recovery module can also be used to evaluate the impact of pH control points on acid consumption and indicators of scale potential WHAT DOES IT DO The Vary Recovery module evaluates the water chemistry at up to seven 7 recovery
101. ntended use of the System as contemplated hereunder c replace the infringing portions of the System with equally suitable compatible and functionally equivalent non infringing programs and or other materials at no additional charge to Customer d if none of the above are commercially practicable then Customer shall terminate its use of the licensed System and accept from French Creek as compensation therefor all license fees paid hereunder less an amount equal to such license fees divided by 60 multiplied by the number of months of Customer s use of the System commencing with the date of System delivery This warranty and indemnity shall not apply if Customer is in material breach of this Agreement and such breach gave rise to French Creek s liability hereunder Similarly this warranty and indemnity shall not apply if the basis for the infringement claim is due to the System being used in conjunction with software not supplied by French Creek hereunder or which differs in any way from the software or equipment configuration specified in the documentation for use with the System hyd RO dose User Manual 67 This section states French Creek s entire liability concerning allegations that French Creek lacked the right to license the System hereunder The terms and conditions of this section shall survive any termination of this Agreement 7 CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION Customer acknowledges that the System and accompanying documentat
102. ntil the water has passed through the system IMPACT OF CALCITE SATURATION LEVEL ON INDUCTION TIME ES INDUCTION TIME seconds Thousands 2 58 4 6 6 47 SATURATION LEVEL Ca CO3 Ksp Figure 3 demonstrates that induction time decreases with saturation level even in the presence of an inhibitor A simple mathematical description of these relationships might be modeled as Induction Time function 1 Saturation Level This models the decrease in induction time as saturation level increases The degree of supersaturation is the driving force which increases the rate at which scale will form Induction Time function Inhibitor Dosage Inhibitors extend the time before scale will form in a system by interfering with the kinetics of crystal formation and growth Rate decreases as inhibitor dosages increase Induction Time function Inhibitor Dosage 1 Saturation Level In systems the inhibitors fight the driving force for scale formation and growth Inhibitors increase the induction time and interfere with reaction rates so that scale formation will not occur until the treated water has passed through the system hyd RO dose User Manual 57 hyd RO dose Rx uses more sophisticated relationships than these to model the dosage requirements for scale inhibition Additional parameters include temperature as it affects the rate of crystal formation and or growth Dosage changes with temperature can be modeled b
103. ntouts by activating or deactivating individual items in the Choose Ions To Print and Choose Scales To Print forms which can be accessed from the Preferences menu Select Chemistry Items To Print CATIONS Calcium Sodium Aluminum Magnesium Potassium Iron Barium Lithium Boron Strontium Ammonia ANIONS Chloride Sulfide Acidity or CO e e sulfate M Alkalinity or HCO3 Phosphate Bromine mie nein EE Fluoride Silica ality Or Nitrate PROPERTIES pH Density Temperature Pressure Dosage Calculated T D S Corrosion Rate SELECT ALL Cancel Deposition Indicators To Print Saturation Levels Calcite Anhydrite Amorphous Silica Aragonite Gypsum amp Brucite Witherite Barite Magnesium Silicate Strontianite Celestite Iron hydroxide Magnesite Fluorite Strengite Tricalcium phosphate Siderite Hydroxyapatite Select All m Momentary Excess Calcite Anhydrite Amorphous Silica Aragonite Gypsum Brucite Witherite Barite Magnesium Silicate Strontianite Celestite Iron hydroxide amp Magnesite Fluorite Strengite Tricalcium phosphate Siderite Hydroxyapatite Select All Simple Indices and Indicators Langelier Larson Skold Freevs Total Ca Free vs Total PO4 Ryznar Stif D
104. on Chloride Sulfate Acidity M Alkalinity P Alkalinity Flow Rates r BALANCING IONS KasFe F asNH3 E asa E fasc fasso 5 as Hicon asco as B lum y Corrosion rate ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Input Product Input Lab Data Print Mode Print Recovery Profile EDIT CORRELATION 3D Graph Types Edit Coefficients B Correlati C03 Calc s rowse vorreiationsS constant Values Output Size On Screen Technical Manual Sulfide Silica Phosphate Fluoride Nitrate Temperature Pressure oCO02 Density as S102 as PO4 MM as C CATIONS ANIONS Sodium ia Chloride Sulfate Potassium Nitrate BEER m Standard Units As The lon As CaCO3 Combination EE Rei EEE epm Cancel FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Graph vs Recovery Print S
105. ontrol agents Gypsum saturation level is recommended for modeling calcium sulfate control at low lt 130 F temperature while anhydrite saturation level might be more appropriate at higher temperatures This model subtracts 1 0 from the saturation levels This accounts for the driving force for scale formation not being present until the test water becomes supersaturated at a saturation level above 1 0 2 Dosage f DF time The second model differs from the first in that the correlation is developed to the raw driving force rather than to the driving force 1 3 Dosage f DF 1 time pH The third model is identical to model 0 with one exception pH is included as a variable to account for the impact of pH upon the form in which an inhibitor exists This is typically the model of choice for developing a correlation for a scale inhibitor DEACTIVATING ANALYSIS FILES There will be times when it is desired to perform a statistical modeling of the data with the results of one or more analysis excluded from the evaluation This can be valuable in eliminating outliers to see their impact Pressing the ACTIVATE or DE ACTIVATE buttons when an analysis is on the screen ACTIVATES or DE ACTIVATIES an analysis De activating does not eliminate the data from the COR file it merely excludes it from statistical evaluation LEARNING THE LABORATORY MODULES The best way to learn these modules is by using them A COR file is included for practice o
106. p will be used for the remainder of the examples hyd RO dose User Manual 10 For Calcium sulfate anhydrite Ca SO amp CaSO Saturation levelcasosy _ Ca SO Ksp caso4 For Silica SiO 2 H 0 H4SiO4 Saturation level SiO H4SiO H2O H2O Ksp Note that the activity of water is included in the calculation For tricalcium phosphate a higher order of reaction is encountered 3 Ca 2 PO amp Cas PO4 Saturation level Ca PO4 Ksp A higher order of reaction is also encountered for calcium fluoride Fluorite Ca 2 F lt CaF Saturation level Ca F Ksp and magnesium hydroxide Brucite Mg 2 OH amp Mg OH Saturation level Mg oH Ksp The method used for estimating activity coefficients is a major target of criticism for most indices hyd RO dose uses the mean salt activities for estimating ion activity coefficients based upon temperature and ionic strength The method is well covered in reference Truesdell and Jones 7 The use of ion pairing expands the usefulness of hyd RO dose calculated saturation levels hyd RO dose User Manual 11 The simple indices previously described are based upon saturation levels calculated using the total ions present For example calcium carbonate indices such as the Langelier saturation index assume that all calcium is present as free calcium ions and that all carbonate is present as the unbound ion In a
107. p were not alkalinity or buffering capacity deficient They were capable of forming an inhibitory calcium carbonate film if no interferences were present The results of the study demonstrate that chlorides and sulfates increase the aggressiveness of a cooling water with adequate buffering capacity and alkalinity to otherwise not be overly aggressive Perhaps the presence of chloride and sulfate interferes with the film formation which otherwise would be expected It must be noted that the Larson Skold relationship is based upon Great Lakes waters Extrapolation to other waters such as those of low alkalinity or extreme alkalinity goes beyond the range of the original data Such extrapolations should be closely scrutinized or weighted lightly Most water treaters will agree however that the aggressiveness of a water increases with increasing chloride and or sulfate levels and that corrosivity also increases with decreasing alkalinity The index has proven a useful tool in predicting the aggressiveness of once through cooling waters It is included in hyd RO dose due to the preponderance of waters of composition similar to the Great Lakes waters and due to its potential usefulness as in indicator of aggressiveness in reviewing the applicability of corrosion inhibition treatment programs which rely heavily on the natural alkalinity and film forming capabilities of a cooling water hyd RO doset User Manual 9 The index might be interpreted by
108. program was executed PREREQUISITES This selection will not be active unless sufficient information has been entered e g a minimum of the Raw Water Analysis must be run for the Save File As selection to be active Page Q 5 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve SYSTEM PARAMETERS Specifications Membrane Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph vs Recovery Vary pH Graph vs pH 3D Profile Print Raw Water Print System Specs Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data Select Parameters Print Setup HE Printer Name Epson Stylus COLOR ESC P 2 Properties Status Ready Type Epson Stylus COLOR ESC P 2 Where LET Comment Paper Orientation Size Letter 3 Portrait ESET Source Automatically Select Y C Landscape Corel Page Q 6 EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Input Units Print Mode 9D Graph Types CO3 Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen Technical Manual SELECTION PURPOSE The Printer Setup selectio
109. rates from the minimum selected to the maximum Default values are a minimum recovery of 75 0 maximum of 90 0 and a 2 5 increment Other ranges and operating conditions such as pH control point can be selected using the Select Parameters module in the same pulldown menu The Typical Temperature entered in the Select Parameters menu is used for calculations PREREQUISITES The Raw Water Analysis module must be run prior to Vary Recovery The Input pH Curve module should be run to input a user defined pH Alkalinity relationship if you do not wish to use the default method The Select Parameters module should be run to customize the evaluation with respect to pH control options to select the pH estimation method and to specify a minimum and maximum Recovery Rate and the desired increment between evaluations A printer should be active for the ALT and P hot key combo A product should be selected in the Select Product module of the ANTISCALANTS pull down menu prior to concentrating the water if dosage recommendations are desired Page Q 15 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recover Print System Specs Jnput Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve EN HA Print Summary Print
110. rceable provisions shall be replaced by a mutually acceptable provisions which being valid and legally enforceable comes closest to the intention of the parties underlying the invalid illegal or unenforceable provision If this Agreement or any provisions hereof are held to be invalid illegal or unenforceable under the laws of a particular jurisdiction it is the intention of the parties that all of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect in all other states and jurisdictions f ATTACHMENTS The terms and conditions of the attachments and Exhibits to this Agreement are incorporated herein by this reference and shall constitute a part of this Agreement as if fully set forth herein g HEADINGS The section headings in this Agreement are for the purposes of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect any of the terms hereof h AUTHORITY Both parties warrant that all approvals necessary for the execution of this Agreement have been obtained and that the individuals signing the Order Form on behalf of their respective parties have full authority to do so hyd RO dose User Manual 70 i NOTICES Unless otherwise provided herein all notices or other communications under this Agreement must be in writing and signed by a duly authorized representative of the party giving such notice or such other persons as either party shall specify in a written notice to the other All such notices shall be deeme
111. rd graphic format used to store pictures on the screen for transfer to other programs hyd RO dose creates a type 5 PCX file with all color palette information stored as well as the graphic information BMP files are standard Windows bitmap files TIF are another standard bitmap format for graphics hyd RO dose R Field Engineer Edition Files The Field Engineer Edition creates the same files that are created by the original hyd RO dose program The Field Engineer Edition HYD file includes any dosage recommendations calculated prior to the file being saved as well as information on the current product Product Files The Field Engineer Edition uses but cannot create modify or display product information files PRD PRD files contain product formulation information such as active ingredients and their percentages This information is used in conjunction with mathematical inhibitor model coefficients to calculate dosage recommendations The Field Engineer Edition can use the information in the files but is not capable of displaying this sometimes proprietary information The active ingredient list and their percentages cannot be obtained by loading a product PRD file into the Field Engineer Edition program hyd RO dose User Manual 25 hyd RO dose R Formulator Edition Files The Formulator Edition creates the same filesthat are created and used by the original hyd RO dose program Additionally the Formulator Edition can cr
112. recommended that these indices be used as points of reference and that the more rigorous saturation level for calcite be adopted especially in high TDS waters hyd RO dose COLOR CODING Graphs produced by hyd RO dose are color coded as an aid in interpreting them This section discusses the meaning of the colors Saturation Level and Simple Scale Indices RED Red signifies a definite problem prediction Corrective action such as treatment pH adjustment or concentration ratio decrease blowdown should be taken to eliminate or alleviate the problem Red signifies loss of control in TREATED SATURATION LEVEL PROFILES MAGENTA Magenta purple signifies that a problem is highly likely Some systems might be able to carry the degree of supersaturation indicated by magenta without deposition occurring Most system will scale if operated in the Magenta range without treatment YELLOW Yellow signifies that a problem will occur with a minimum of change Make sure of your measurements A slight error in pH could mean that you are really operating in a RED zone The system is borderline and should be watched GREEN No problems are likely Significant changes e g a 0 1 pH increase a 10 C increase could result in a problem BLUE Blue signifies a safe operating range where deposition from the scale evaluated would not be expected Blue is also used to signify a successful treatment in TREATED SYSTEM PROFILES Dosage Profiles RED
113. red as a BMP file can take up to 600K of hard drive space hyd RO dose User Manual 29 INSTALLATION BEFORE YOU DO ANYTHING ELSE WHY NOT MAKE A BACKUP COPY OF THE INSTALLATION PROGRAM PUT THE ORIGINAL CD IN A SAFE PLACE IF YOU DOWNLOADED THE INSTALLATION PROGRAM BACK IT UP TO A CD OR OTHER MEDIA The program is installed like most Windows software by running the SETUP EXE file on the installation CD 1 Insert the program CD 2 Use the Windows RUN command to execute SETUP EXE lt press enter gt You can also execute by double clicking on the SETUP EXE program icon from FILE MANAGER FILE EXPLORER or MY COMPUTER depending on your version of Windows 3 The install program will search for an existing installation You must install to the HYDRO directory e g C HYDRO or DAHYDRO 4 Execute the program by clicking on the French Creek Software Icon by using the Windows RUN command or from the Windows START menu hyd RO dose User Manual 30 Selecting Analytical Units The first time hyd RO dose is run it will display a warning that default analytical input units are in affect This is a reminder to run the Input Units module in the preferences menu and choose the analytical reporting units used by your company ANALYTICAL UNITS SELECTION BEER E 2 177 Standard Units 4 Calcium iron lasFe Sulfide Magnesium Ammonia CATE Silica As The lon Barium Aluminum as AI Phosphate Stront
114. rint Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit Coefficients 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile mr CO3 Calc s What s Stored M 3D Profile Print All Constant Values embrane About hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The About hyd RO dose selection in the About hyd RO sat FILES pulldown menu displays the registration and copyright information for the program WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select About hyd RO dose when you wish to verify program registration details This information may be French Creek needed when you call technical support for assistance Copyright 1992 1996 French Creek Software all rights reserved This copy of hydROdose is Registered to hyd RO sat tm Limited Run Demonstration French Creek Software Inc Kimberton Hares Hill Rd Kimberton PA 19442 Serial f 0698HSDEMO Page Q 8 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored About hyd R
115. roducts using the Input Product form in the ANTISCALANT pulldown menu ALTL Toggles 3D Graph Label Display On and Off Researchers with the Laboratory Edition can use the LABORATORY pulldown PgUp Page through 3D graphs when selections to convert their laboratory and field inhibitor performance data PgDn one of the Convenient Groups into mathematical models is selected Page Q 1 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile e a 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile mr COS Calc s What s Stored Membrane 3D Profile Print All Constant Values Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The New selection in the FILES pulldown menu allows you to enter a new analysis without the possibility of carryover values from the previous water evaluated It allows you to start afresh without exiting the program and starting over WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select New when you have completed t
116. rvable The water has the driving force but no capacity and no ability to maintain pH as precipitate forms The Puckorius scaling index is calculated in a manner similar to the Ryznar stability index Puckorius uses an equilibrium pH rather than the actual system pH to account for the buffering effects Puckorius scaling index 2 pHeg pHs hyd RO dose calculates the pH for this index using the rigorous iterative method Puckorius formula for pHeq 5 is used PHeg 1 465 x log4o M Alkalinity 4 54 The Puckorius scaling index provides another tool for evaluating the calcium carbonate scale potential for a water and is included in the hyd RO dose indices of calcium carbonate scale potential hyd RO doset User Manual 8 The Larson Skold Corrosivity Index The Larson Skold index describes the corrosivity of water towards mild steel The index is based upon evaluation of in situ corrosion of mild steel transport lines in systems transporting Great Lakes waters The index is the ratio of equivalents per million epm of sulfate SO4 and chloride Cl to the equivalents per million of alkalinity in the form bicarbonate plus carbonate HCO COs Larson Skold index epm CIl epm SO epm HCO epm CO As outlined in their paper 6 the index correlated closely to observed corrosion rates and to the type of attack in the Great Lakes water study It should be noted that the waters studied in the development of the relationshi
117. s Output Size On Screen Select Constant Recirculating Water Concentrations Constant Phosphate as PO4 Constant Silica as SiO2 Help Cancel SELECTION PURPOSE The Constant Values module in the PREFERENCES pull down menu allows the user to set a constant water phosphate and or silica level This module allows the user to over ride the calculated value which would normally be used WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED The Constant Values module should be used to model a water where the phosphate and or silica levels are maintained at a constant level through periodic testing and chemical feed pump adjustment WHAT IT DOES This module forces the water chemistry calculations to be made using the a constant water phosphate concentration and or constant water silica level Page Q 37 hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit Coefficients 3D Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile Braise
118. s Recovery SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Specifications Membrane Graph vs pH 3D Profile Select Parameters REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP Print Raw Water Print System Specs Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Print All Select Product Input Product ANALYSIS INPUT Input Lab Data EDIT CORRELATION Edit Coefficients Browse Correlations Choose Graphs Technical Manual Input Units Print Mode 3D Graph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Concentrate module in the WHAT IF SCENARIOS pulldown menu models the impact of concentrating a feed water upon indicators of scale and corrosivity potential The Concentrate module will concentrate a raw water with or without pH control Results are displayed on the screen in two overlapping tables One table outlines the water chemistry as it concentrates from the feed water to the target recovery rate The second table outlines the calculated indices saturation levels and other indicators of scale potential and corrosivity WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Goncentrate to evaluate indicators of scale and corrosivity potential at the expected operating recovery rate and to predict the dosage requirements for inhibitor s at the operating recovery rate The Concentrate module can also be used to evaluate th
119. t All Print Raw Water Print System Specs Print Summary Print Recovery Profile Print pH Profile Select Product SELECTION PURPOSE The Input Lab Data module in the LABORATORY pull down menu is used to create inhibitor INH files WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Use the Input Laboratory Data module to create a new inhibitor file from laboratory and or field dosage and chemistry data to modify an existing inhibitor file s Inhibitor Name Description to to add or delete water chemistry data to modify the correlation WHAT DOES IT DO The module accepts input data for a inhibitor file calculates indices for each analysis dosage entered and uses multiple regression techniques to develop mathematical correlations for the inhibitor and outputs the new or updated inhibitor INH file PREREQUISITES Five data points should be entered at a bare bones minimum HINTS 1 Enter dosages on an active solids basis 2 Simple tends to be better New Inhibitor Data Input Biel Es Inhibitor Name Inhibitor Purpose Molecular Weight Orthophosphate as PO4 ID Property Variable Transform Lower Upper o g Mt CaCO3 Property Modeled gt cale Inhibitor Dosage Page Q 29 Input Product a elnrre Input Units ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual EDIT CORRELATION int Mode Edit Coefficient 3D Graph Types It Loelficients COS Calc s Browse Correlations Constant Va
120. the following guidelines Larson Skold Indication lt lt 0 2 chlorides and sulfate probably will not interfere with natural film formation gt gt 0 2 but lt lt 0 8 chlorides and sulfates may interfere with natural film formation Higher than desired corrosion rates might be anticipated gt gt 0 8 the tendency towards high corrosion rates of a local type should be expected as the index increases MORE INVOLVED CALCULATIONS Ion Association Model Saturation Level Saturation level has been previously discussed as the basis for many of the common indices used by water treaters The saturation level is defined as the ratio of the ion activity product of the reactants to the solubility product Saturation level can be defined as follows for common system scalants based upon their respective solubility products For CaCO calcite and aragonite Ca CO lt CaCO Saturation Level Ca aCa CO3 aCO Ksp where aCa is the activity coefficient for calcium COs is the activity coefficient for carbonate Ca is the molar concentration of calcium CO is the molar carbonate concentration This relationship can be simplified if we incorporate the activity coefficients into the solubility product so that our examples can be expressed in a more readily viewed format The conditional solubility product incorporates the activity coefficients into the solubility product Ksp CaCO Ksp x 1 aCa x 1 aCO3 This notation Ks
121. the residence time of scale forming species in the system you wish to treat The time where scale inhibition can be as short as 4 to 10 seconds in a utility condenser system or extend into days for cooling towers Induction time is a term applied to the period before a water will begin to form scale In high saturation level systems the induction period can be very short In systems where a water is barely supersaturated the induction time can approach infinity Scale inhibitors have been observed to extend the induction time before scale formation or growth on existing scale substrate occurs Gill et al presented a paper at the 1984 International Water Conference which provides excellent examples of the variation of dosage requirements as critical parameters change Figure 1 portrays the impact of HEDP dosage on induction time at constant driving force hyd RO dose User Manual 55 IMPACT OF HEDP CONCENTRATION ON INDUCTION TIME INDUCTION TIME seconds Thousands 0 02 0 04 0 05 HEDP CONCENTRATION mg l Figure 2 presents similar data for AMP IMPACT OF AMP CONCENTRATION ON INDUCTION TIME 25 nm o o INDUCTION TIME seconds Thousands o 0 04 0 08 0 1 AMP CONCENTRATION mg l hyd RO dose User Manual 56 I can be seen from figures 1 and 2 that induction time increases as inhibitor dosages increases In cooling water systems scale inhibitors may function by increasing the induction time u
122. tion and other reasonable services necessary to keep the System as supplied by French Creek performing in accordance with its documentation These services will be performed during French Creek s normal East Coast US business hours Ordinarily French Creek will be able to correct the problem over the telephone However if requested by French Creek Customer will document the circumstances giving rise to such problem and provide such explanation to French Creek in writing If French Creek is unable to hyd RO dose User Manual 68 correct the problem within 48 business hours of receipt of such written explanation and such problem prevents normal operation of the System consistent with its documentation French Creek will provide Customer with another copy of the System to help resolve the problem If it is determined that the problem was caused by Customer or that Customer failed to properly follow French Creek s directions French Creek shall be entitled to be reimbursed for all out of pocket expenses plus consulting time at French Creek s then current billing rates If Customer declines maintenance at time of licensing or fails to continue maintenance services and then elects to begin or resume maintenance coverage Customer shall pay to French Creek all maintenance fees that would have been payable to French Creek if Customer had been or remained on maintenance plus an additional 10 reinstatement fee Customer may also request that Fr
123. tly edit inhibitor INH files The Laboratory Edition has the unique capability of processing COR file data to generate inhibitor INH files The Laboratory Edition can create modify and display product information files PRD The Laboratory Edition has full access to INH files including the capability of displaying the sometimes proprietary information stored in them The Laboratory Edition has full access to laboratory and field data stored in COR files COR files contain water chemistry information dosage required for 100 inhibition and temperature data for laboratory and or field data A series of analysis can be used to statistically model the inhibitor performance and develop a INH file mathematical model A minimum of five 5 analysis are required for a COR file to be used hyd RO dose User Manual 26 GETTING STARTED System Requirements Installation Selecting Analytical Units hyd RO dose User Manual 27 hyd RO dose User Manual 28 System Requirements As a general rule French Creek Software programs will run on the minimum system configuration for a given Windows operating system Performance increases with memory and processor speed Suggested minimums are as follows The program requires approximately 700 mb of hard drive space for a ful installation Please note that each workspace file will consume up to 50K of hard drive space Each graph stored as a PCX file will use around 50K Each graph sto
124. to an acceptable level hyd RO dose User Manual 15 pH reduction and or a tricalcium phosphate specific treatment program is recommended when tricalcium phosphate saturation level rises above the 100 to 1000 range hydroxylapatite Hydroxylapatite saturation level calculations are a ninth order affair even higher than that of tricalcium phosphate As a consequence small changes in free phosphate concentration or even smaller changes in calcium concentration have a dramatic impact on the calculated saturation level For this reason high saturation levels on the order of 100 000 or above can be observed in cooling waters treated for calcium phosphate scale control Saturation level guidelines are similar to those for tricalcium phosphate although a significantly higher hydroxylapatite saturation level can be carried in the presence of a copolymer terpolymer or other calcium phosphate scale control agents Tron carbonate Siderite the mineral name for iron carbonate is usually found in conjunction with calcium carbonate scale in system Iron carbonate scale can be expected when the saturation level exceeds 1 2 Amorphous iron hydroxide Iron hydroxide precipitation can be expected in cooling water when the saturation level exceeds 1 0 a very common situation when iron is present Iron may precipitate in the bulk water as iron hydroxide but not form scale in high flow rate systems Remedial action such as a dispersant should be take
125. uld be run at a minimum of three temperatures to account for variation in dosage due to the effect of temperature on reaction rate When possible an experimental design should include five temperatures The temperature range studied should include the lowest and highest temperatures expected in the field or where the models generated by hyd RO dose Rx THREE TO FIVE pH POINTS PREFERRED Data should be run at a minimum of three different pH to account for variation in dosage due to the effect of pH on the form in which the inhibitor exists see Hann and Bardsley When possible an experimental design should include five pH points The pH range studied should include the lowest and highest expected in the field THREE TO FIVE INDUCTION PERIODS PREFERRED Data should be run at a minimum of three different times to allow for the correlation of induction time versus inhibitor dosage In some test methods the times for each replicate will vary naturally In other methods dosages are evaluated at constant time extensions and the last dosage to provide 100 inhibition is selected as the minimum effective dosage Assure that the time spans covered by the data cover the full range over which you expect to use the model INCLUDE THE MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM FOR CRITICAL PARAMETERS Tests should ideally be run over the range of parameters under which the model will be used for inhibitor dosage recommendations For example the experimental design should includ
126. ummary EDIT CORRELATION Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit Coefficients Graph vs pH 3D Profile Print pH Profile Print All Browse Correlations Select Parameters Choose Print Mode amp Print Directly to Printer Select Direct Print for highest resolution graphs C Indirect Printing Use this option when Direct Printing of graphs results in errors such as incomplete filling of regions with color Cancel SELECTION PURPOSE The Print Mode module in the PREFERENCES pull down menu allows you to overcome the deficiency of some printer drivers The default state is direct print Use direct print unless problems with graph printouts are noted PREREQUISITES None Page Q 34 Choose Graphs Input Units Print Mode raph Types COS Calc s Constant Values Output Size On Screen Technical Manual hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference FILES INPUT WHAT IF SCENARIOS REPORTS ANTISCALANTS LABORATORY PREFERENCES HELP New CHEMISTRY Concentrate Print Raw Water Select Product ANALYSIS INPUT Choose Graphs Technical Manual Open File Raw Water Analysis Vary Recovery Print System Specs Input Product Input Lab Data Input Units Save File Input pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS Vary pH Print Recovery Profile Edit
127. ut pH Curve Graph vs Recovery Print Summary Print Mode EDIT CORRELATION Save File As SYSTEM PARAMETERS VA PH eee Edit Coefficients n Graph Types Printer Setup Specifications Graph vs pH Print pH Profile mr CO3 Calc s What s Stored TT 3D Profile Print All Constant Values Abaut hyd RO dose Select Parameters Output Size On Screen Individual lon Rejection Fraction NOT SELECTION PURPOSE The Membrane Specifications selection Membrane Tune File Name ARMEN allows you to enter custom membrane specific ion rejection profiles Calci 0 985 I CO2 and save them to file POE LL CNN oe HINTS 1 Enter the values on a 0 0 to 1 0 basis M gnasiim a Hes 2 The membrane file name must have the extention MBR Barium Aluminum cos NOTE This module is only available in the Formulator and Strontium Beron Hydrogen sulfide RU Laboratory Editions Potassium Sulfate Phosphate Lithium Nitrate Fluoride INITIALIZE TO SAME YALUE Enter a value between 0 0 and 1 0 in this box press the MAKE SAME button and all specific MAKE SAME ion rejections will be initialized to this default o value Choose Membrane Save Membrane Cancel Page Q 13 FILES INPUT hyd RO dose Menu Quick Reference WHAT IF SCENARIOS New Open File Save File Save File As Printer Setup What s Stored aqui hyd RO dose CHEMISTRY Raw Water Analysis Input pH Curve Concentrate Vary Recovery Graph v
128. veloping Scale Inhibitor Dosage Models For Oil Field Operations Corrosion 94 Paper 46 hyd RO dose User Manual 64 hyd RO dose LICENSE AGREEMENT FRENCH CREEK SOFTWARE INC FRENCH CREEK Kimberton amp Hares Hill Road Box 684 Kimberton PA 19442 French Creek has developed the automated capability to predict certain chemical properties of water samples French Creek refers to this computer software as hyd RO dose sometimes referred to as hyd RO dose or System in this Agreement hyd RO dose is a predictive tool which will enable Customer to obtain a more complete understanding of the chemistry of the water being analyzed hyd RO dose should be used as a supplement to Customer s historical experience and other testing procedures which Customer may utilize hyd RO dose is not intended as a substitute for the exercise of judgment by Customer s employees or consultants These terms and conditions state the legally binding understandings between French Creek and Customer relating to the licensing of the System and the performance of services indicated in the French Creek Software Order Form Order Form The terms of this Agreement are incorporated by reference into the Order Form 1 hyd RO dose Customer desires to license hyd RO dose as indicated by Customer on the Order Form and more fully described in its accompanying documentation The System documentation indicates the equipment configurations which may be used to operate hyd R
129. vices to be rendered or otherwise on account of this Agreement exclusive only of taxes based on French Creek s net income hyd RO dose User Manual 65 French Creek reserves the right to terminate the System license for failure to pay related license fees or taxes and or to terminate any service for failure to pay related service fees or taxes as stated in the Order Form 4 CONDITIONS TO SYSTEM LICENSE French Creek hereby grants Customer a license to operate the System subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement The hyd RO dose license is a non exclusive non transferable right to use the System Failure to abide by any of the conditions stated in this Agreement may result in termination of the license granted in this Agreement The hyd RO dose license is subject to the following conditions a Customer acknowledges that the software and other technical data licensed hereunder are subject to export controls imposed on Customer and French Creek by the provisions of the United States Export Administration Act of 1979 as amended and that the software is exported under a General Export License designation GTDR and that the documentation is exported under a General License designation GTDA Customer certifies to French Creek that neither the technical data in the form of software or manuals nor the direct product thereof is intended to be shipped either directly or indirectly to Country Groups Q S W Y or Z nor Afghanist
130. w of these indices is included in a later section of this manual and in references in the bibliography hyd RO dose calculates indicators of scale potential for calcium carbonate tricalctum phosphate hydroxylapatite silica calcium sulfate calctum fluoride magnesium hydroxide magnesium silicate iron hydroxide iron carbonate and iron phosphate It also calculates a corrosivity index based upon the work of Drs Larson and Skold on the corrosivity of Great Lakes waters towards mild steel SIMPLE INDICES The Langelier Saturation Index The Langelier Saturation index LSI is a purely equilibrium model derived from the theoretical concept of saturation A water is said to be saturated with calcium carbonate when it will neither dissolve or precipitate calcium carbonate scale This equilibrium hyd RO doset User Manual 4 condition is based upon an undisturbed water at constant temperature which is allowed to remain undisturbed for an infinite period of time A water is said to be under saturated 1f it will dissolve an existing calcium carbonate substrate if left at rest for the same infinity A supersaturated water will precipitate calcium and carbonate from a water if allowed to rest The Langelier saturation index provides an indicator of a water s degree of saturation with respect to calcium carbonate Saturation is referenced to the solubility product for a compound By definition the ion activity product of reactants e g Ca and CO3
131. wo dimensional graph Each graph plots one line from the tables created by the Vary pH module One table outlines the water chemistry as pH varies The second table outlines the calculated indices saturation levels and other indicators of scale potential and corrosivity versus pH THE pH POINTS WILL REFLFLECT THE pH AT THE MEASUREMENT POINT SELECTED IN THE Select Parameters MODULE EITHER pH AS MEASURED IN THE FEED WATER OR pH AS MEASURED IN THE CONCENTRATE CAN BE SELECTED WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Graph vs pH to evaluate and plot the impact of pH control on indicators of scale and corrosivity potential at the typical recovery rate for the system and to profile the dosage requirements for inhibitor s over this pH range WHAT DOES IT DO The Graph vs pH and Vary pH modules evaluate the water chemistry at up to seven 7 pH points from the minimum selected to the maximum Default values are a minimum pH of 6 0 maximum of 7 2 and a 0 2 pH unit increment Other recovery rates and pH control ranges can be selected using the Select Parameters module in the same pulldown menu The Typical Temperature entered in the Select Parameters menu is used for calculations as is the Typical Recovery Rate in the System Specification form PREREQUISITES The Raw Water Analysis module must be run prior to Vary pH A pH control method MUST be selected in the Select Parameters module including an Acid and or Alkali for pH control The Input pH Curve module should
132. y the Arrhenius relationship A e EaRT where e Ais a constant e Ea is the activation energy e R is the gas constant e T is absolute temperature pH can also be included in the models pH is an important parameter to include when an inhibitor can exist in two or more forms within the pH range of use and where one of the forms is much more active as a scale inhibitor than the other s pH can also affect the type of scale that forms e g Tricalcium phosphate versus hydroxylapatite hyd RO dose User Manual 58 DEVELOPING INHIBITOR MODELS This section describes the use of the Laboratory Edition Modules for e Inputting laboratory and field data to develop an inhibitor model e Editing inhibitor files to add special rules for handling iron e Editing inhibitor files to include a safety factor The Input Lab Data module in the LABORATORY pull down menu is used to create inhibitor INH file The module accepts initial specifications for the inhibitor e g Name Description Molecular weight and instructions for developing a model e g the Driving Force to use the modeling method New Inhibitor Data Input Inhibitor Name PAY Raw Data File Inhibitor Purpose CaCO3 Output File Molecular Weight 2500 000000 Orthophosphate as PO4 0 000000 ID amp Property Variable Transform Lower Upper Limit Limit Jr 9 a x Dosage E o o Variable 1 Celcite CaCO3 99 00 99 00 o e a Variable 2
133. ze On Screen SELECTION PURPOSE The Save File As selection in the FILES pulldown menu allows you to save a water analysis and all calculations completed in a hard or floppy disk file All program flags are saved in their current state so that modules with prerequisites will be aware of what work has been completed e g a a raw water analysis must be entered prior to running the Concentrate module or there would be nothing but garbage numbers to concentrate WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED Select Save File As when you wish to save work completed for later use or review Save an analysis in this manner also allows you to make minor modifications to input analysis without having to totally re enter all parameters It can also save time and date re entery if you wish to prepare further graphs or evaluate further parameters using the WHAT IF SCENARIOS e g further recovery rates or a broader pH WHAT DOES IT DO The Save File As module saves all input and calculated values to a disk file Parameters in effect when the work was saved are also saved including graph choices Each file saved should have the HYD extension e g EXAMPLE HYD and will require between 56K and 60K bytes of available disk space WHAT DO YOU NEED You need a unique name for the file as well as the disk drive and directory and or subdirectory information Unless you specify otherwise the program automatically saves files on the disk drive and directory from which the

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