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1. Connection STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK 2 Refresh All ER Language GENERAL m emeen eneee Tx Rx solecon Current Network Ethernet Mode DHCP O OOVLO O Coding 6722 IP Address 10 0 20 71 dB SAS On Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 6 Tests None Gateway 10 020 254 SMS On DNS Server 1 100203 r Aux FONGTIONS eer ere ee ee Ee i Link Mode 100baseT HD r1 r1 9 mnm 1 Data Channel Not available Baud Rate Nokeveiebies Dic EE EE DES Relays om Active Interface wij HHS HH r AOP 1 SIP Registration o H 12 H H SIP Registrar i SIP User SIP Status Registration Disabled 18 p CONNECTION STATE reer eer ee Status idle f bd bd 24 had hd Network Ethernet ERG HE PA i Headroom 10 dB If needed select another language by clicking the appropriate flag The home page displayed above is the STATUS page which provides an overview of the unit status but allows no action on it This is the only free access page with no limitation or access control To access the other pages you must log in and get for the control device an exclusive access Any connection request from another device will remove this access To log in enter the password and click the connection button The initial password is blank click directly on the button To set the password and enable protection go to the MAINTENANCE page cf further To release cont
2. pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 1 1 Install and connect SCOOP 5 IP e Plug on a power source the SCOOP 5 IP automatically starts up To put it on stand by or restart it press the key top left corner on the front panel for at least 3 seconds e Connect the necessary audio interfaces details page 19 e Connect SCOOP 5 IP on the transmission network details page 19 and following e Connect SCOOP 5 IP to the local Ethernet IP network if not already done and pick its IP address details in page 24 Initial setup of the Ethernet interface e From a computer with network access and capable to communicate with the SCOOP 5 IP open a web browser and enter the IP address of the SCOOP 5 IP to access its embedded html pages To change the language if desired click the appropriate flag on the top right corner e For entering pages other than the home page which is open access you must enter the login password In the factory setting it is blank 7 2 Audio settings e With factory settings the active inputs are the analog ones and clipping level is set at 16 dBu for both inputs and outputs e n the SCOOP 5 IP html pages go to the Audio tab and configure the interfaces as required for the installation 7 3 Select and set up network to be used e Select network NETWORK tab then select page CHANGE NETWORK In the proposed choice select the desired network Ethernet LL Click Save to perform the possible
3. For a 48 kHz sampling rate Frequency range Tolerance 0 Hz 20 Hz 00 O dB 20 Hz 40 Hz 0 2 dB 0 1 dB 40 Hz 20 000 Hz 0 1 dB 0 1 dB For a 32 kHz sampling rate Frequency range Tolerance O Hz 20 Hz 00 O dB 20 Hz 40 Hz 0 2 dB 0 1 dB 40 Hz 15 000 Hz 0 1 dB 0 1 dB 5 2 3 Group delay distortion Taking the minimum group delay as reference the group delay distortion on the AD DA path is always less than 1 ms 5 2 4 Idle channel noise Background noise is measured with no audio modulation idle channel with maximum input and output level set at 16 dBu through the whole encoder decoder chain wide band coding with 48 or 32 kHz coding frequency Maximum noise level 56 dBm quasi peak detection CCIR weighting or 62 dBaOps This result in a signal to noise ratio SNR of more than 72 dB When the maximum input and output level is set at another level both the signal and noise levels are shifted but the SNR remains in the same range 1 Worst case for all types of algorithms MPEG performs better than the others SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 67 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 2 5 Total distortion vs freguency and level Total distortion relative to maximum level or THD N is less than 82 dB over the whole audio bandwidth 20 20 000 Hz This performance holds for audio signals from 80 dB to 1 dB relative to the maximum level 16 dBu 5 2 6 C
4. G722 H22 Mono J 64 4SBADPCM Mono 128 St r o 256 M S M S M S Stereo Stere o o Ex ololololo SE iN i Stereo s i Stereo E E dd EM 6 1 MEEN 06 ME 16 gt 56 ee Possible audio bandwidth EE sk te SN 15 kHz N o Table 3 Available coding depending on network HE AAC Stere HE AAC v2 Stere HE AAC v2 Stereo Ex o o o Jul The following chapters bring some precisions about the important features of the various algorithms and protocols available SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 9 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 2 1 G711 coding Application telephony coordination Low latency G711 is the standard coding used for voice transmission on public telephone networks and features 300 to 3400 Hz audio bandwidth This algorithm is typically used for links over IP networks with IP telephones or VoIP gateways Via ISDN G711 is used for links with telephones or hybrid devices G711 is available only for IP transmission 2 2 2 CELP coding Application commentaries coordination Low capacity transmission channels This algorithm operates in mono for a net nominal bit rate of 24 kbit s and provides 7 kHz bandwidth and a quality close to G722 for a much lower bit rate CELP is available only for IP transmission 2 2 3 G722 coding Application commentaries coordination Low latency This mono coding algorit
5. aera AUDIO SYSTEMS superior sound since 1978 SOOOA SI Stereo audio codec for real time audio transmission User Manual AATA AUDIO SYSTEMS Table of contents 1 Presentation Getting started sesse RR RR RR AR RE RR AR RE RR AR RE RR AR RE RR AR RE RR AR RE 1 Vel Install and connect SCOOPS IF Tr 3 T2 Avdio Seting NOTTE E E O NEES d 1 3 Select and set up network to be used oio cett ide Ei depen oxi ix b et EM UE 3 LEN DID S 5 2 1 Transmission Interface AO Ib Sd as OE AO HE EE 6 2 2 Audio encoding and dec ding Leser eet epa GO EP DH inni e I RW RR e 9 2 3 BIO TOMBE EE oo ig di tisuta ea be cupa mika axis i e Ge ipM 12 2A Auxiliary WOMENS AREE 13 2 5 Supervision and control IMNEROEES oie EE N Ge RR ek EG DR ee ek tnt 15 3 CP CIIM EI I UU MT 17 3 1 General principles Control m dtibsio ie averi cite ris esti rid uie diovral edu vii eise ba Kids 17 3 2 Physical description of the equipment Sagie de erint epp dura ue coU DIG 18 2 3 MNS AUN ond SE AE A UO LA el 22 3 4 Initial setup of the Ethernet interface tr ara EG GR RE RS tir tad 24 2o AIAG IA NES i oma maed sn N E NE 27 35 First level manteng EE Ee N ER Ee SE se Re Re Se EUROS 31 4 Detailed operating mode Embedded HTML pages 34 4 Eguipment SP NERO t T E 34 2 2 Accessing the SCOOP 5 IP html BOBER GE deb ERN MERERI RU pU RU On d 35 4 3 Principles of operation wit
6. 4 4 8 Maintenance tab This tab leads to a selection between several pages dedicated to maintenance aspects Login data page This page is for setting the password for logging in the html pages In a classic way to set up a password you must first enter the current one and then enter the new one and confirm it Remember to save the change clicking the Save button Tests page This page allows to activate the various test loops as described in 2 5 7 Test functions D Do not forget to disable the test loops setting None to come back to normal operation System update page This page allows to upload a system update file into the unit and update the unit s firmware For an update the file must be provided to you by AETA or possibly your distributor dealer The procedure is rather simple From this page click Browse find and select the update file Click the Update button The process begins and a warning message is also displayed on the SCOOP 5 IP front panel Wait for the completion of the update The process takes a few minutes Normally the unit should reboot by itself at the end of the process Once the unit has restarted perform a complete Factory reset This procedure requires maximum care because such update always implies some risk Please note these additional recommendations 50 Beforehand backup export the recorded profiles and snapshots if you w
7. e The other method is to use the AetaScan utility on the computer this tool scans the local area network detects AETA codecs and displays a list of the devices with their respective IP and MAC addresses See further xxx xxx how to use this tool Once you know the unit s IP address you can enter it in the address bar of the web browser and access the html pages of the SCOOP 5 IP If this LAN is the final operational environment the Ethernet configuration is complete Conversely if the final setup has to be static without using a DHCP server the address parameters must be edited via the ETHERNET PARAMETER of the NETWORK tab See further in page 42 Ethernet Parameters how to do that Warning this should be done as the last step after setting the other parameters for the unit if this would make the unit unreachable from the computer 24 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 4 2 No available DHCP server D Note you get the same situation even if a DHCP server is present if the current setting in the SCOOP 5 IP is for static addressing and it is incompatible with the current LAN In such case the connection between the SCOOP 5 IP and the computer is a priori not possible First you must get the current IP address of the codec either this is a previously set static setting or a link local address that SCOOP 5 IP has auto configured because it found no DHCP server The AetaScan tool will allow yo
8. factory settings SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 25 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 4 3 Using the AetaScan tool This software can be downloaded from AETA s web site www aeta audio com see the page dedicated to the SCOOP 5 IP When launching the tool the following window is displayed L AetaScan Refresh Connect Settings 7 Info Name Device Type IP Address Serial Number MAC Address Firmware Version Click the Refresh icon the tool scans the local network detects the AETA codecs and lists them with their IP and MAC address S AetaScan Refresh Connect JA Settings ij info Device Type IP Address MAC Address Firmware Version Scoop 5 10 0 20 78 J00 15 97 00 05 39 3 0 alpha D At this stage you can click select a codec in the list and click the Connect icon or double click the codec s row to open directly the html interface of the selected device using the computer s default browser By default the tool scans only the LAN It is possible to search devices on another sub network given of course that it is reachable through an authorized network path changing the settings behind the Settings icon Settings V Search the local network V Bearch in a remote TP address 10 0 34 0 Warning the result is not guaranteed because such scan can only work if the involved routers can relay messages to the broadcast address of the remote su
9. D Reminder the SIP protocol always used by AETA codecs does not impose the use of a SIP server Codecs can set up point to point links using this protocol in the above described conditions When no SIP registrar is involved the identifiers are simply the IP addresses of the codecs 78 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 6 4 V35 interface adaptation This annex indicates the proper connections to use when interfacing the SCOOP 5 IP codec to DCE equipment using a V35 interface In the connection table below the three leftmost columns show the pin allocation on the 15 pin connector of the codec The two columns on the right indicate the pinout on a 34 pin V35 connector or a 37 pin sub D connector Consult the DCE documentation for other connector types Only the bold indicated signals need be connected leave other pins unconnected However the frame ground pin 1 may be used for connecting the shield of the connection cord Pin number ga Pin Signal Function V35 signal 34 pin 37 pin Signals direction connector connector G 8 Signal ground 102 SG B 19 115a RETA Data clock 115b RETB 104a RDA T104b RDB MEE 103b TDB EEG Frame ground SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 79 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 6 5 Notice regarding open source code The software of this product includes programs and libraries that are covered by the GNU General
10. HLTP type and provides a voice grade channel 300 3400 Hz pass band This feature is only usable for some algorithms on leased lines see above tables With G722 or ADPCM the coordination channel cannot be used along with other auxiliary functions i e data channel or relay transmission On a SCOOP 5 IP with this option one of the sockets on the rear panel of the device includes one isolated balanced input and one isolated balanced output An adapter cable included with the option provides an easy connection on XLR plugs 14 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 5 Supervision and control interface The control and supervision of the eguipment configuration communication management status monitoring is carried out using various remote control interfaces 2 5 1 Embedded html server web pages SCOOP 5 IP provides html pages that enable full control using a web browser via port 80 default port for the HTTP protocol See on chapter 4 the detailed operation mode This control mode can be used from any computer regardless of its OS or a mobile device with a web browser and the embedded pages are compatible with all current browsers No software installation is needed on the control device 2 5 2 Remote control via a serial port or TCP IP Another remote control mode makes use of a dedicated protocol AARC via a TCP IP connection on TCP port 6000 This command line mode is used by codec pool
11. Input Relays fon the unit You can also use SUR EHE ut Relays gt i MESSAGES 2 Status of the To Local Unit M Relays To Damota I Init ER OE CUPIT EE i nnection State block allows to monitor and or manage links For direct dialing the codec has to be set beforehand for the right interface see NETWORK tab and the suitable coding contiguration CODING tab Enter the number or numbers or SIP URI then click Dial You can also use one of the last called numbers click the arrow on the right of the Number field and pick a number in the dropdown list For using a remote profile select the profile in the list on the left and click the Dial button Alternatively you can click Load The codec loads the profile settings but does not dial this is useful for quickly setting the coding parameters Indicators show the status of the relays when the Relay transmission feature is active For auxiliary functions see the CODING tab 38 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 4 3 Profiles tab Profiles are configuration memories that can be recorded and later recalled at will see their description in 2 5 6 above and more details further in xxx xxx This Profile tab proposes one page for each profile category with a list of the profiles already recorded in the SCOOP 5 IP memory each with its index and name The page allows you to manage these profiles w
12. NAT You can use AETA s server stun aeta audio com STUN Interval interval between two queries to the server usually you can keep the default setting of 15 s SIP Registration enable or disable the registration on a SIP server The following menus SIP xxx are used to enter the parameters of the account on this server when using such service These parameters should be provided by the administrator of the SIP server The SIP User field usually corresponds to a number that a remote party can call to initiate a link with the codec when it is registered on the server With this SIP Registration parameter you can disable the registration and hence stop using a SIP server without having to erase account parameters they stay ready for later use Keepalive Interval sets the interval between two re registrations on the SIP server This setting can be used to make the registration renewal more frequent but the server always imposes a maximal period for this reason the default setting Server Preset is recommended except for specitic cases SIP Port the default port for SIP signalling is 5060 UDP you can enter a different value here RTP Port the default port for RTP SIP audio streams is 5004 UDP but you can enter a custom value here if desired RTP TOS if the transmission network supports DiffServ to manage the media priority you can set here the type of service which is assigned to the stream transmitted by the codec SCOO
13. Overload on an audio input Fault on AES EBU audio input Decoder synchronisation error Network clock fault Table 6 List and classification of alarm conditions Excluding the case when an internal failure disables the management micro controller or the Ethernet interface alarm indicators describe the anomaly on the ALARM html page Minor alarms are readable on the display but do not trigger alarms contacts and LEDs 2 Fault of the network clock source currently used for synchronisation X21 X24 main port or secondary port SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 31 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 6 3 Using the test loops The test loops accessible from the MAINTENANCE TAB TESTS page can help in the analysis of a problem e n order to check if the audio part functions correctly use the Audio loop and check if the audio is OK at the output e To check if the coding part functions correctly activate Loop 3 and check if the alarm disappears and the decoding indicators come back to normal and if the audio is present at the output e Loop 272 sends back to the remote codec the compressed data received from the network see the description of test loops in 2 5 7 Test functions In this way it is possible to test the integrity of the transmitted data and or check that the remote codec works properly e The decoder out to encoder in loop Audio feedback loop can be used for overall functional check and also
14. a safer operation at the cost of a high latency On a LAN and or private network with a controlled quality the HIGH quality setting is recommended as it yields minimum latency On the contrary it should be avoided for a link via the Internet as it can only tolerate a low jitter One solution can be to start with a Middle setting and switch to the Low setting if too much audio disturbance is heard 4 5 6 Quick redialing Once a remote device has already been called it is easy to recall it click the icon at the right of the Number field a drop down list shows the last called numbers addresses Select the desired number and click the Call button SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 55 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 5 7 Releasing Hanging up To stop a link on the CONNECTIONS page click the Release button 4 5 8 Links with IP phones SCOOP 5 IP is compatible with IP phones that use the SIP protocol many on the market do The algorithm used in this case is commonly G711 but a few IP phones also accept G722 Note that IP phones include software SIP phones implemented on computers also called softphones or smartphones 4 5 9 Multicast mode transmission On a network that can support it the multicast mode can optimise the resource usage when an audio stream has to be distributed simultaneously to several destinations Contrary to the normal bidirectional unicast mode this mode is unidirectional one sender encoder
15. e The IP address of the other unit is known To set the link first set the unit in IP mode Network tab CHANGE NETWORK page select Ethernet and set the desired encoding format CODING tab Go to the CoNNECTIONS tab and in the Number field enter the IP address to call Click the Call button You can monitor the link status in the LINK STATUS frame either in the CONNECTIONS page or the STATUS page D When operating in this way it is recommended to disable the SIP registration SIP Registration parameter in the AOIP PARAMETER page see on page 44 54 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 5 3 Calling via a SIP server This is the technique when both units are registered on a SIP proxy server In this case each unit is identified by its SIP URI in the form username sipservername like an email address There is no need to know any IP address and hence there is no problem if the IP address of a unit changes for whatever reason To set the link first set the unit in IP mode Network tab CHANGE NETWORK page select Ethernet and set the desired encoding format CODING tab Go to the CONNECTIONS tab and in the Number field enter the SIP URI of the device to call Click the Call button D It is often possible to dial the short form username omitting the sipservername when the device is itself registered onto the same sipservername server You can
16. edit the parameters to delete a profile edit the parameters and click this button and click this button fo create a profile to update a profile Parameters that are not relevant in a given context are shaded and inactive SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 39 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Local profiles page STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AuDIO CODING Misc MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 p7 LOCAL PROFILES reer eer eer LOCAL PROFILES Control room Station 6 Click this button to create a profile memorizing Select a profile and click this button A local profile includes the settings for the local network access conditions You can save the current settings in a new profile or load an existing profile for a quick to delete a profile setup the current network settings Delete Load Snapshots Snapshots are in fact managed on the Audio page and this Snapshots choice on the Profiles tab just redirects to the Audio page See further the description of the audio page 40 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 4 4 Network tab This tab leads to several pages which correspond to the network interfaces Change Network page default interface selection This page is used for selecting the default interface LL or IP Besides the settings done in the CODING page are applicable to this interface STATU
17. exist in three variations e Stereo coding of each channel stays independent e Dual mono coding is similar to the previous case but this choice applies to channel with no acoustic relationship e g two languages for commentaries e Joint stereo applies to stereo programme but here the encoder exploits the interchannel correlation for improved coding To be used only for a stereo programme The 16 and 24 kHz sampling rates feature a moderate bandwidth respectively 7 kHz and 10 kHz and are rather useful for commentaries QD The latency is rather high with these sampling rates MPEG 12 is available for LL or IP networks In leased line mode an optional protection against transmission errors FEC is also available of Reed Solomon type 2 2 6 MPEG AAC algorithms Application mono or stereo music Low capacity transmission channels These optional algorithms feature a very high compression ratio for a given audio quality compared to Layer 2 They can operate at a sampling rate of 32 or 48 kHz and several bit rates 16 20 24 32 40 48 56 64 96 128 192 256 kbit s Three coding variations are available e MPEG AAC LC Low Complexity lower compression than other variations but lower latency e MPEG HE AAC High Efficiency AAC higher compression and the bit rate is limited to 128 kbit s for this variation e MPEG HE AAC v2 High Efficiency AAC version 2 compared to the above this coding further enhan
18. for aligning the overall chain Note not all test loops are available for all the network interfaces 3 6 4 External alarms In leased line mode a clock fault is one typical cause of an external alarm This can be due to e complete loss of the X24 V11 interface due to a failure of the transmission line e a failure of the transmission device connected to the codec e an incorrect clock frequency i e incompatible with the codec configuration On the other hand in case of a decoder alarm with no clock error possible causes are e lack of signal received from the X24 V1 1 interface due to a failure of the transmission device connected to the codec or a transmission failure in the network e a fault in the remote codec or else the remote codec has an incompatible configuration e transmission errors causing erratic alarms Errors such as AES error and AES sync loss can frequently be seen even when the unit is configured to use the analog inputs This is because the AES output is always active and by default genlocked to the AES input To avoid such undesired alarms D When not using digital audio interfaces set the digital audio sync in Master mode AUDIO page AES Synchro parameter 1 Note this loop is only available for LL transmission 2 This loop is not only available for LL transmission 32 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 6 5 Backup reset is impossible to ac
19. ground External alarm Common The bold text refers to the alarm contacts Both are form C type The NO terminal is open when the alarm is set otherwise it is connected to the Common terminal The NC terminal is connected to the Common terminal when the alarm is set otherwise it is open The current and voltage handling capabilities of the relays static type are Maximum output current 120 mA Maximum output voltage 350 V peak Resistance of output loop 350 Isolation 1500 Vas The codec does not transmit a C signal and the signal has no effect The codec can also be connected to a V35 interface a specific adaptation cable is needed in such case The connection is described in Annex 6 4 V35 interface adaptation 60 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 1 7 Serial remote control interface This interface uses a 9 pin female Sub D connector on the rear panel This is a V24 RS 232 type interface with only Tx and Rx signals no flow control The following table indicates its pinout DCE type pinout m Rem s Se ome Re emsg The interface is configured as follows 4800 bauds 8 bits no parity one stop bit 5 1 8 Serial data interface Data This V24 interface uses a 9 pin female Sub D connector on the rear panel Like for the remote control interface only Tx and Rx are used there is no flow control and the pinout is of D
20. lOBaseT half duplex Network Quality select here the expected quality of the transmission via the Ethernet interface The unit switches to internal settings suitable for this quality level For instance if you select Low the codec sets a large size for the reception buffer in order to stand a higher jitter As a counterpart the latency will be higher as well Conversely if you select High the buffer is smaller and the latency is lower but the system is more vulnerable to possible jitter fluctuations of the network transmission latency Remember to save the changes clicking the Save button Settings regarding the Ethernet interface and IP addressing are especially critical because this is just the interface you are controlling SCOOP 5 IP through You can lose control because of a mistake in the settings it might even be the normal expected consequence for a configuration change So be very careful with the settings on this page In case control is lost after an error you must perform the initial Ethernet setup as described in 3 4 Initial setup of the Ethernet interface D Note if a secondary Ethernet interface is available it is also shown in this page in an Ethernet 1 frame This frame is organized in the same way as for the main interface SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 43 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS AolP Parameter page This page groups the settings related to the Audio over IP AolP tran
21. management systems such as Codec Live MDC net etc This interface can also be operated using AETA s TeleScoop software Instead of TCP IP over the Ethernet interface it is possible to use the RS 232 serial remote control port available on the unit 2 5 3 Additional Ethernet IP interface It is possible to get a second Ethernet IP interface by plugging a USB Ethernet adapter on the USB socket This interface can be used as a remote control port html pages via port 80 or command line mode via port 6000 as an alternative to the normal integrated interface It should not be used for other functions audio over IP 2 5 4 Loop control and status In addition the equipment features a Loop control function call set up and release can be remote controlled with current loops and relays instead of using for this the html pages Relay contacts provide a status idle on line of the unit QD This is only applicable to transmission over IP because links in LL mode are permanent However the status relays are relevant in all cases 2 5 5 Alarm contacts Besides configuring the equipment operating mode this module supervises its status detection of alarm conditions On detecting operation or transmission faults the equipment switches on indicators and relay contacts Two alarm classes are defined e Internal alarm corresponds to a major fault internal to the equipment e External alarm corresponds to a fault whose origin
22. may change depending on the location or time with dynamic addressing e The two codecs must have open access to the Internet or otherwise the link must be made possible by unlocking if necessary the appropriate routes and ports conversely when using a proxy such allowances can be restricted to the server connection for a better control on the access security e Most often the gateways perform address translation NAT which is an a priori issue for UDP protocols such as implemented for real time audio links Proxies can help dealing with this issue but without such servers it may be rather difficult to work around such obstacle The following chapter provides some recommendations about this SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 73 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 6 3 Some methods to deal with NAT routers and firewalls Problems arise when the desired connection has to go through a NAT router and or a firewall that blocks a direct IP communication This is a very common issue especially if one needs to set up a transfer via the Internet It is impossible here to describe in details the possible ways to deal with this problem but the following just shortly discusses some typical solutions Most probably a network administrator should be consulted for support and for granting adequate network authorisations and or privileges The most classical issues are related to e The presence of a NAT router on the network path between the codecs e The p
23. regarding the automatic switchover Note that when switching from LL to backup mode a separate set of parameters is recalled As a consequence the coding configuration can be made if desired totally different in the back up mode Of course both units should be configured in an adequate configuration for each transmission mode and then each codec can be set in the LL mode to start the normal operation 30 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 6 First level maintenance 3 6 1 Internal configuration D All the configuration is done in the factory and or it can be changed by means of the control interface html pages without having to open the unit However a few settings can be done internally by setting jumpers e t is possible to prevent one alarm type to light on the red alarm LED on the back of the equipment e lt is possible to disable the standby mode in which case the device is always in operation as long as the mains power is present AN Please consult us for such operation We remind that unduly opening the unit can void the warranty In any case opening the unit may expose live parts and is hazardous Never open or maintain the internal parts without first disconnecting the AC supply 3 6 2 Analysis of malfunctions The following table indicates the detected alarm conditions and their classification Power or fuse fault Bad start up of a microprocessor or interface fault detected on start up
24. socket The unit starts up as soon as power is applied See details in 5 1 13 and 5 4 Power supply DC 12V power socket 12 This 4 pin male XLR is optional See details in 5 1 14 DC power supply option Audio inputs outputs e Analog inputs outputs 5 at the input plug the audio cables into the female XLR sockets At the output plug the audio cables into the male XLR sockets In mono mode only A channel is used e Digital inputs outputs 1 a digital input mono or stereo in AES EBU format or SPDIF can be connected on the female XLR socket and a digital output in AES EBU format is available on a male XLR socket e t is possible to select which input analog inputs or digital input is fed to the encoder for transmission On the receiving side the decoded signals are output both on the analog and digital outputs Ethernet interface 9 This socket is a 1OOBaseT lOBaseT port used for audio transmission over IP and or for remote controlling the unit This RJ45 socket is devised for a normal straight cable to an Ethernet hub or switch The two integrated LEDs show the presence and activity of the network green LED and the interface mode half duplex yellow LED off or full duplex yellow LED on The configuration of the interface is described in 3 4 Initial setup of the Ethernet interface Main LL interface marked X24 V1 1 V35 6 This socket is used for the connection to data transmission equipment in the le
25. such case exceptions to the firewall security rules must be created that will allow this connection this has to be done by the person in charge of the network management Most often on one access if not both the codec accesses the Internet via a NAT router This router shares Internet access with one or a few public addresses among the equipment on the LAN On this LAN the devices get local private addresses and the router carries out an IP address translation Note that e As an example a consumer ADSL modem router is almost always a NAT router sharing a single public IP address between the devices connected to the router e t is just the same on a 3G 3G mobile IP access the terminals phones or computers access the Internet via NAT routing e NAT routing is often included in the firewall features in fact NAT routing somewhat participates to the protection against direct attacks from the outside 74 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS NAT routing is an obstacle to transmission with UDP mainly for two reasons e t does not allow unsolicited data to come in from the outside network In other words data input is accepted on a port as an answer to a request from the local network but an external agent cannot directly initiate the transmission of a packet e The terminal units on the LAN only know their private local address On the other hand agents implementing the SIP protocol have to communicate to each oth
26. such stream coming from a sender device The audio coding algorithm can be selected with just the same capability as for the unicast mode described above SIP and SDP protocols The SIP protocol is a signalling protocol used for IP connections which allows the SCOOP 5 IP to interoperate with IP phones and other SIP compatible audio codecs in a way similar to ISDN or POTS connections Details about the SIP protocols can be found in the annex refer to 6 2 Overview of the SIP protocol One significant advantage is the inclusion of SDP a protocol which allows the connecting devices to automatically negotiate and agree on the coding profile to use Thanks to this system it is not necessary to set the units in the same way before setting up a connection Moreover the calling party needs not know how the remote unit is configured before initiating a link D Note the SIP protocol does not mandatorily imply the use of a server Codecs can set up point to point links using this protocol and benefit from some its advantages Packet replication SCOOP 5 IP also proposes an RTP transmission mode with enhanced reliability using packet replication When enabling this mode every packet is transmitted twice with such system a lost packet has no effect since the receiver still gets the other copy of the packet In this way stable links can be obtained even with a high packet loss rate Of course as a disadvantage the bit rate is double you
27. switch as well to the backup network interface and accept the call The audio transmission in then provided over the backup link Later on when the leased line comes back to normol the backup connection can be released and both codecs have to switch back to LL mode and normal operation We designate as caller the codec which switches first and initiates the call over the backup network and receiver the codec which switches on receiving such a backup call Caller codec setup and operation For the switch to backup following a failure on the leased line two methods can be used e Either the switchover is manual an operator on the studio side can switch the studio codec to backup mode and launch a call to the other site via the backup medium For this method no special preliminary setting is needed e The other method is to use the loop control feature as described above in section 3 5 3 In this case the whole switchover sequence can be executed by simply activating the input loop mode switch for the backup network access backup call Conversely releasing the input loop brings the unit back to normal operation in LL mode For this latter method the best situation is when the leased line status is monitored by an alarm contact that closes when the line is down This alarm can be used for activating the control loop so that the studio codec quickly and automatically switches over to backup mode and also comes back to norma
28. the O dBFS maximum level For instance a headroom of 10 dB means that the reference is set at 10 dBFS D On the display the OVL clipping indicator shows that the absolute maximum level is reached 0 dBFS regardless of this headroom setting This is not necessarily the top of the bargraph scale which is 6 dBr relative and whose absolute level depends on the Headroom setting Example if the headroom is set at 10 dB then the reference is 10 dBFS The bargraph can go up to 6 dBr which is 4 dBFS At this stage the OVL indicator does not yet trigger as it reacts at 0 dBFS A Beware of the differences between the three level measurements e Absolute digital levels in dBFS for the AES input and output internally encoder decoder and for transmission e Displayed levels in dBr relative to an adjustable O reference The relationship between the display and the dBFS level is controlled by the Headroom setting e Absolute analog levels in dBu for the analog inputs and outputs The relationship between the absolute analog and digital levels is controlled by the Input Level and Output Level settings After changes on the audio parameters make sure to save the changes clicking the Save button This page includes the management of snapshots memorizing the parameters controlled in this page To create a snapshot based on the current settings click the Create new button and enter a name for the snapsh
29. to the input of the output conversion functional block This loop redirects the audio input to the audio outputs Loop 3 or Codec loop compressed audio data are looped just before the network interface Loop 2 or Network loop this loop sends the received data back to the network for the remote codec the effect is the same as a loop 3 when the transmission works correctly Audio feedback loop audio output to audio input this allows the codec to send back to the remote codec the signal it receives after decoding and re encoding SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 Operation 3 7 General principles Control means The equipment control and supervision configuration status monitoring is possible in remote control mode thanks to an asynchronous serial port or an Ethernet interface As a general rule the configuration parameters are saved in non volatile memory and restored when the unit is powered on Remote control operation using a computer and a web browser thanks to the embedded HTML server is detailed in chapter 4 Detailed operating mode SCOOP 5 IP can also be controlled by the optional TeleScoop software installed on a Windows PC which can control the other AETA codecs of the Hifiscoop Scoop 3 Hifiscoop 3 and SCOOP 4 ranges Details about this supervision software can be found in the documentation and user manual of the TeleScoop software The SCOOP 5 IP can also be r
30. typical application is the transmission of on air signals a contact closure can be used for instance to light up an indicator or switch on other equipment 2 4 2 Transmission of GPIO For IP transmission SCOOP 5 IP also allows in the same way as the two isolated relays to transmit 6 additional binary signals routed to GPIO interfaces which are not isolated This feature is available whatever the coding algorithm 2 4 3 Data channel This function is not available in IP transmission mode In leased line mode a bi directional data channel can be transmitted along with the compressed audio signals by reserving a fraction of the transmitted bit rate The equipment includes a serial asynchronous port for this purpose The data are transparently transmitted end to end hardware signalling is not available Availability depends on the coding algorithm as well as the max possible baud rate see above tables With G722 or 4SB ADPCM this data channel cannot be used at the same time as another auxiliary function see tables A typical application is the transmission of data related to the RDS 2 4 4 Coordination channel This function is not available in IP transmission mode This function is available as an option It enables the transmission of an auxiliary audio channel or coordination channel along with the compressed audio by reserving 8 kbit s from the transmitted bit rate This channel uses a compression algorithm of CELP
31. A AUDIO SYSTEMS L Loop Loop control 15 17 21 28 49 63 Test loop ee ee ee ee Re ee ee ee ee 16 M Master AES interface mode 59 MPEG AA a EE 11 70 MPEG Audio Layer 2 ee ee ee ee ee ee 11 Multicast OE N 7 45 56 N NAT ER EE ER 44 74 P Packet replication 7 45 Password seeitesesetetetese tette tete tet ette 22 58 Port forwarding eie ee ee ee ee 76 Pori s TCP UDP sege eerte 44 69 Power supply 21 Profile ioc Ee eve Ee RE es 16 39 58 Ae ee ee ee ee ee ee ee 69 Bo RR RE EE EE 73 R Redial auto Re ee ee 27 49 Relays transmission Lee ee ee ee ee ee 14 21 62 71 Remote control 7 17 21 24 61 70 Replication packet ee 7 45 S ER RA een AE EE UR us 7 Server e e herren 77 SIP 11311212 6 7 72 regi SOON prne 72 SENE e AE RR E EA 73 um 55 72 SNR Signal to Noise Ratio ie ee 67 juge 10 SSro faro o EO ER EE 18 31 34 NU 44 69 75 Supervision ee ee ee ee ee ee 15 17 21 Synchronisation 23 T Tech 3326 N ACIP ee ee ee ee 69 72 TeleScoop ie ee ee ee ee ee 17 70 N sel AAR ER ER ER 70 Is sis gee oe Ge ge cena 32 HEID TA DA NE odit Ret GE RA oe 68 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 81 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS U AE 74 MAR ER ER EE EE RE N 6 W WEB PP 21 e N 70 Y X UI HH 72 X21 X24 cs 8 60 NOTES 82 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual AETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 9 superior sound since 1978 AETA A
32. A proprietary format to MPEG However the frame structure remains compliant 6 1 2 Reed Solomon encoding In order to cope with possible transmission errors in the network Reed Solomon error correction coding can be added compliant with J52 recommendation Four correction modes are available in the SCOOP 5 IP e Mode 0 no error correction Reed Solomon coding disabled e Mode 1 protection of only the control information and scale factors in the MPEG frame low redundancy e Mode 2 protection of the whole frame moderate 2 5 96 redundancy e Mode 3 protection of the whole frame high 10 96 redundancy Higher redundancy increases the protection against errors but slightly degrades the audio quality as redundancy takes up part of the bit rate that could be allocated to audio coding Most often for a normal quality transmission link mode 1 is sufficient and it consumes little bit rate from the compressed data so it hardly impacts the audio quality Although J52 does not apply to leased line connections this error protection technique is also implemented in the SCOOP 5 IP in leased line mode 6 1 3 H221 framing H221 defines a framing structure that allows byte synchronisation recovery in leased lines and the transmission of control data along with the main data SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 7 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 6 2 Overview of the SIP protocol 6 2 1 What is SIP SIP is for Session Initiation Protocol a prot
33. AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 5 4 Setting up a backup link The SCOOP 5 IP has the capability for backing up a permanent leased line audio link thanks to a switched link IP A typical example of this application is shown in the following diagram where a permanent leased line is used for transmitting a radio programme from a studio to a transmitter A codec is installed on each side of the link and each codec is also connected to a backup link IP In this way transmission via this line can be used as a temporary back up in case the normal permanent link fails Once the problem on the normal line is solved the backup connection can be released and normal operation in LL mode is resumed Backup network e Audio rogramme PIER Permanent link Studio Transmitter Figure 4 Backup link The SCOOP 5 IP makes such back up easy because both transmission interfaces normal leased line and backup interface are available in the same unit Moreover the SCOOP 5 IP helps to automate the switchover process especially on the transmitter side where most often quick human intervention is not possible The following describes one way of configuring such a system and details the resulting backup process Basic principles When a failure of the leased line is detected one of the two codecs has to switch to backup mode and then call the other unit over the backup network access On receiving this call the remote codec will have to
34. CE type s e S os Re emsg The data interface is configured as follows 8 bits no parity one stop bit no flow control It is possible see menu TooLs Misc AUX FUNCTIONS to activate the interface and to configure its baud rate 300 to 9600 bauds However the maximum allowed baud rate depends on the audio coding used see 2 4 Auxiliary functions SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 61 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 1 9 Relay transmission interface AUX socket The relay transmission interface refer to 2 4 1 Transmission of isolated relays is available on the 25 pin female sub D AUX Socket It includes two isolated current loop inputs and two dry contact outputs The following table shows the pinout of the socket for this function EL Rae Output loop n Output loop n 5V of internally supplied power supply OV of power supply All loops are isolated and bi directional free polarity The characteristics of the input loops are Input loop control current 6 mA max 100 mA Resistance of input loop 5600 current limiting series resistor Input loop isolation gt 1500 Vus A 45V to 12V source may be connected directly on an input loop because the internal series resistor is dimensioned for this purpose For a higher voltage source it may be necessary to limit the input current The characteristics of the output loops are Maximum switching voltage 350 V peak Maximum switching curr
35. INTENANCE tab RESET page and select Factory Reset or Reset Settings the latter does not delete the memorized profiles and snapshots D Warning this cannot be cancelled if you have lost the login password of course this page cannot be reached You should in such case apply the backup reset procedure as described in 3 6 5 Backup reset and bring the unit back to its default factory settings including a blank password 58 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 Technical characteristics 5 7 Characteristics of interfaces 5 1 1 Analogue audio inputs Audio characteristics are measured over a 20 to 20 000 Hz bandwidth except when differently stated The inputs are balanced type using 3 pin female XLR sockets Maximum input level adjustable from 0 to 22 dBu 0 3 dB Nominal input impedance 600 Q or 10 kQ setting AUDIO page 5 1 2 Analogue audio outputs Audio characteristics are measured over a 20 to 20 000 Hz bandwidth except when differently stated The outputs are balanced type using 3 pin male XLR sockets Maximum output level adjustable from O to 22 dBu 0 3 dB Nominal load impedance 600 Q or 10 kQ Output impedance 500 Symmetry gt 40 dB ZL 150 0 5 1 3 Digital audio input and output These interfaces comply with recommendations e AES3 1992 e EBU Tech 3250 E e CCIR Rec 647 They support in genlock mode a sampling rate from 28 to 96 kHz In master mode
36. K AUDIO CODING MISC MAINTENANCE ALARM 2 r TRANSMISSION NETWORK 777070700073 TE Aupio BEER EG RE EE ee E BE 5 PLL 1 unlocked E do die ad http help alarms PLL 2 uniocked Pod AES sync loss E Clock 1 fault 1 Pod AES invalid Clock 2 fault NE AES error Ei Clock 1 slip Ld Clock 2 slip o r HARDWARE 222722 22m mmmm a ee ECC CC ccc c c MN High temperature H p TRANSMISSION CONFIGURATION d 12V fault Decoder 1 error 1 EER EA RE EE ER EES Encoder 1 fallback Decoder 1 fallback Clicking the tab you reach this Alarm page showing all the alarm conditions All possible issues are listed but only those actually detected are highlighted with the icon The issues are grouped in three areas e Alarms related to Transmission essentially issues related to the decoder synchronization In addition for ISDN links there may be encoder or decoder fallback cases fallback is the situation when the encoder or decoder configuration actually set on the link differs from the one which was initially programmed or expected e Alarms related to the audio interfaces audio clipping minor alarm AES input errors e Hardware alarms internal alarms excess temperature power failure SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 53 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 5 Setting up an IP link The transmission in leased line mode is permanent and is set up as soon as t
37. P 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Packet Replication see also 2 1 1 and page 7 regarding this feature you can select here the setting for packet replication 0 gt standard mode without replication default setting gt packet replication without interleaving 2 gt packet replication with interleaving the second packet is delayed robustness is improved but latency is increased If you select in the AOIP MODE frame the multicast mode see above in 2 1 1 IP multicast mode the page is different STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING MISC MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 N EE RE EE ed 2 STUN MODE a P4 i Tx i STUN Mode H LO Multicast Mode Allows auto discovery of STUN Server stun aeta audio com Po Multicast Control 6000 actual public addressing STUN Interval 15s ed ae Port STUN SERVER Multicast Audio Port 6001 Save i Multicast TTL 254 i You can use stun aeta Pod ulticas audio com for example EMT MODE BEE EE DE Save SIP REGISTRATION i J z ro 4 oo N Uncheck to disable Transmission Mode MC T j registration without having to H clear the SIP parameters KEEPALIVE INTERVAL EE EE EE EE 202020220220 Renew registration at NOTES Multicast Mode if the selected mode is Multicast the transmission is unidirectional Select with this menu if the codec must be sender of a multicast stream or rather receiver of such stream Mul
38. Public License or GPL available for example at following address http www gnu org licenses gpl txt Under this license the source code for concerned elements is available on our Internet site Download page otherwise it can be obtained on request by e mailing AETA AUDIO SYSTEMS open source aeta audio com The software also includes the sipX stack covered by the LGPL license 80 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 7 Index 4 ASB ADPCM sies ree terne deret YR 10 14 A AAC ese ese E ee GE We Gee eek eek ee 11 70 ADPCM ee ee ee ee ee ee 10 14 AES ed RR Ee Sa 12 19 23 59 Alarm ee 15 18 19 21 31 32 60 AUTO eli AR OR N RR NN 49 Auxiliary functions 48 B BOCK o RE E EE EE ee ee 8 C CELP ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee 14 enu EER EE EE ER N 8 12 Consumption pOWer ee ee 66 70 Coordination channel 14 21 48 64 70 Crosstalk is ese a 68 D Data channel sss 14 21 61 71 DC power ssssse ee 66 70 DCE DIE EE RSG ie E RENE 61 79 Dimensions ee ee ee ee eee 70 DiSIOMOM TOT DE IAT 68 E EMG EMS EE T EU 70 Environment N 70 F Factory settings 22 58 Eie vall E ER AA EE LE 74 G eri m 10 CoD 10 14 72 Genlock eet re reta rr e PET 12 23 46 59 GPIO ee ee eee nennen nen 14 65 eie MEER EE ER ER N 80 Group address ee ee eree 7 56 H A22 RR RE EE EE EE EER EN N 10 71 HTML server ee sede se ee ee RH 35 l Impedance 59 J J52 RR 71 pa AAET
39. RS BE GE SCT Gg SSCS FV cir pied poner oly GPI 8 GPO 7 GPO 8 5V of internally supplied power supply Note the GPIO index starts at 3 because indexes 1 and 2 are allocated to the relays see above in 0 The GPIO signals do not have galvanic isolation as the relays They feature the following characteristics Characteristics Min Nominal Max Notes GPI voltage low level active 0 5 V OV 1V GPI current O V 110 uA GPI voltage high level inactive 3V 5V 7V 1 GPO voltage low level active OV OV 0 55 V GPO current low level active 32 mA GPO voltage high level inactive 5V 6 5 V 2 1 An input pull up ensures a high level if the GPI are open not connected 2 The GPO are open drain and must be pulled up to 5 V nominal for the high level but an internal pull up ensures a 5 v voltage when they are inactive even with no external polarization SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 65 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 1 13 AC power supply The unit is connected to mains via an IEC 3 pin socket and accepts a 85 263Vac 47 63 Hz AC source Protection is provided by a resettable fuse 5 1 14 DC power supply option When the 12V DC option is installed the unit features in addition to the mains socket a 4 pin male XLR socket for connecting a 12 V DC supply non isolated The unit includes overvoltage and overcurrent protection resettable fuse on th
40. S CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING Misc MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 gCHANGENETWORK S c i i CHANGE NETWORK Ethernet e Select the network that will LL be chosen for an outgoing 1 Remote Profiles will not be Save affected Select the desired interface and click Save LL Parameter page STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING Misc MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 ACTIVE INTERFACE Select the connected interface You can select here the X24 V11 interface used for transmission the default interface is LL Remember to save the changes clicking the Save button 1 Remind that the algorithm settings are memorized separately for each network interface When switching the default interface the codec settings for this interface are recalled SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 4 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Ethernet Parameters This page is for configuring the Ethernet interface and IP addressing and shows up as follows STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING Misc MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 Mode Integration with a BGAN terminal using the streaming s EET dass service Option ubnet Mask Gateway BGAN DETECTION 100203 j Check if a BGAN terminal is DNS Server 1 DEINDE PA ER DNS Server 2 ethernet cable Link Mode Auto negotiation z PPPoE Username i PPPoE Password PPPoE Service Name The main setting is the Mode with DHCP most of the other settings are aut
41. UDIO SYSTEMS S A S IMMEUBLE KEPLER 4 PARC TECHNOLOGIQUE 18 22 AVENUE EDOUARD HERRIOT 92350 LE PLESSIS ROBINSON FRANCE TEL 3314136 12 00 FAX 33 1 41 36 12 69 http www aeta audio com Specifications subject to change All rights reserved by AETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 55 000 079 A February 2013
42. alarm relays can be found in chapter 5 1 6 Alarm 4 X24 X21 interface p 60 USB socket 3 This host socket allows the connection of a peripheral device D As a specitic use a memory stick can be plugged here for the backup reset procedure see further 3 6 5 Backup reset As another use an Ethernet adapter can be plugged for providing a secondary Ethernet IP remote control intertace see chapter 2 5 3 for this topic Remote control serial port Remote 8 This 9 pin female sub D socket is an asynchronous serial interface port usable for remote controlling the equipment thanks to a control and supervision PC For this capability refer to 2 5 2 Remote control via a serial port or TCP IP Auxiliary data serial port Data 4 This 9 pin female sub D socket is an asynchronous serial interface port usable for transmission of a bi directional data channel refer to 2 4 3 above Data channel AUX socket 11 This 25 pin female sub D socket groups the interfaces for the relay transmission function described in 2 4 1 and the optional coordination audio channel optional cf 2 4 4 It also includes loop interfaces for the loop control function cf 2 5 3 as well as a 5 V power supply that can be used to provide current for the loop and relay interfaces Digital I O socket 10 This 15 pin male sub D socket is the interface for the GPIO transmission function as described in 2 4 2 lts wiring is
43. all the address data they need for the link then the actual audio streams can be exchanged between both units As a very important feature the end devices now can exchange data directly the proxies do not have to be on the path they are only involved in the setting and later the ending of the session The codecs will automatically exchange their coding capabilities and agree on a coding mode with no further user intervention Alternatively the call can be done from the station to the reporter in a way very similar to the above In contrast with ISDN links the operators at the station do not even need to know where the reporter is located This is because the registrar deals with this issue Note that it is also possible to set a link with a SIP compliant VoIP phone instead of another codec This is one of the numerous advantages of using a standard 6 2 3 Setting a link without a SIP server Contrary to a commonplace but wrong idea the SIP protocol does not impose using a SIP server The SIP protocol can be used without a SIP server i e it is possible to set peer to peer links without involving one or more SIP registrars or proxies In such a case the process is more direct and the codec contacts the remote destination with no intermediate entity However there are some drawbacks with such type of session e Without a registrar the identification of the destination is its IP address this is not as stable as a SIP URI as it
44. als decoder shown as bargraphs with a O dB reference Refer to chapter 4 4 5 Audio for more details on the setting for this reference The Headroom setting is adjustable using the Audio tab D Note the goal of these bargraphs is to provide an indication on the presence and level of the audio modulation The measurement has a good precision for stationary signals 1 dB accuracy and resolution but the update rate is rather slow As a consequence these bargraphs are not appropriate for precisely monitoring a dynamic program and they should not be considered an alternative to real program meters SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 37 pa AAETA AUDIO SY This tab call set u STEMS 4 4 2 Connections tab leads to the CONNECTIONS tab allowing to remote control the links monitoring outgoing p and call releasing The Co STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING Misc MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 PENOIE PROMES EER Gie EE EEN TE GE EA REMO Link monitoring Profil LL EN Status Released I1 REA Vell fle came a Taneman tor e les an e 1 Use a profile Network Ethernet Dial button to set up a i or i connection emote Number H 2 Dial directly Im aekHzigokpys Manaae Profiles then Stereo MESSAGES MPEG L2 48kHz 192kbi s rithm Rx i With the Info Box field 3 Launch the call pom SECR Y 7 fesd tia Est bod ya Deselec message that was displayed
45. ansmission of one or two audio signals with bit rate reduction over digital leased lines or IP protocol networks The codec includes an Ethernet interface for IP transmission and X24 X21 interfaces for transmission over digital leased lines The unit can be complemented with options providing additional coding algorithms or a DC power input In IP mode the codec features easy operation thanks to the use of the SIP and SDP protocols This chapter gives basic instructions for a quick start It obviously does not provide all the information for full control For comprehensive information one can refer to the rest of this manual e Chapter 2 describes all the functions and features of the SCOOP 5 IP but not necessarily with all the operating modes e Chapter 3 gives a physical description of the unit shows its setting up and operation principles e Chapter 4 details the html server embedded in SCOOP 5 IP and detailed operating modes e Chapter 5 provides all the technical characteristics of the SCOOP 5 IP e The annexes bring miscellaneous additional information including an index you can use to look for a given information topic The following table shows the main features of the product Functions marked with in this table are available as options SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Characteristics Optional Operation modes Single wide band codec mono or stereo 2 channel IP transmission int
46. ased line mode The connector is 15 point male Sub D type It is possible if needed to select the other LL port Details on this interface refer to 5 1 4 Ethernet Secondary LL interface and alarms marked ALARM X24 V11 2 The 15 point male Sub D type connector includes two form C relays signalling alarm conditions e Internal alarm contact e External alarm contact This port can be used as an alternative interface for connecting the codec to transmission equipment in leased line mode See the wiring in 5 1 6 Alarm X24 X21 interface SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 19 dg 4920S onl sewed jeuieui3 Il uoydo AZL 2a i7 F ma a JojDoipur uup v LL UIN m geuuuouogpupio0 ti o leu Joxuo5 dooq fou 8 Hod jonas e ppejut Jamod SUIDIN skojoy Oldo 044002 ejouiey T UIDW sjndjno oipno Is sjndui oipnp 3 5 x 2 a l 0 leg D 1 4ndino pup iL 4920s gsn indui S3y v z pod pyop swojo ipipixny pup esppayul T1 Aibppuo es AETA AUDIO SYSTEMS SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 20 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Alarm indicator 7 A red LED indicator also indicates that an alarm relay is activated In the factory setup every alarm cause sets the LED on but by setting jumpers on the motherboard it is possible to program the indicator to react to only one type internal or external alarm The pin out of the socket and the detailed characteristics of the
47. b leads to the STATUS page which is also the home page It provides an overview of the essential settings and parameters sufficient for basic monitoring STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING MISC MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 Refresh All GENERAL GEE RE GEE EE EG SEE TX Rx Current Network Ethernet z DHCP O OOV O O MPEG L2 48kHz 192kbits 10 0 20 71 Codi dB ng Stereo 255 255 255 0 6 SAS On 10 0 20 254 Tests None 10 0 20 3 SMS On ee EG aen 100baseT HD 0 BEREG Data Channel Notavailable Baud Rate Not available Active Interface ui 6 Relays OR MEE eer soeben TU MMR renee Nhe Suey EC ee NE ie Active transmission i SIP Registration or interface highlighted SIP Registrar myserver SIP User 123456 SIP Status Registration Disabled 18 EORWECTION STATE EE EE 24 Established N Status Headroom 10 dB Network Ethernet s 1 Remote Address 200 10 0 20 40 Link Coding Algortnm Tx MPEG L2 48k 1950S monitoring MPEG L2 48kHz 192kbit s Program level Stereo Coding Algorithm Rx This page is accessible without a log in and without a password The link status is monitored dynamically e g you can see call reception and releasing It is also possible to monitor calls that an operator is managing using the front panel The page displays the audio level of the two transmitted signals encoder and the two received sign
48. b network 3 4 4 Configuration of the secondary Ethernet interface In case an external USB Ethernet adapter is used to provide an additional interface see 2 5 3 an initial setup is also required for this interface The procedure is similar to that for the main integrated Ethernet interface e First plug the adapter on the USB Interface e Connect the Ethernet interface to the network using CAT5 wiring Normally the adapter s LED should blink depending on the network activity The additional interface is designated ETHERNET 1 in the unit s html pages e Apply the same steps as described above 3 4 1 to 3 4 3 the settings for the secondary Ethernet interface can be found in a dedicated Ethernet 1 frame on the ETHERNET PARAMETERS page NETWORK tab D As soon as you get access to the html pages via an Ethernet interface either main or secondary you can set the parameters for both interfaces 26 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 5 Managing links 3 5 1 Setting up and releasing links Generally speaking once the codec is set up and the transmission interface s to be used is are configured it is possible to manage audio links with remote devices In the case of a leased line the link sets up as soon as the physical connection is made and all parameters are suitably configured this is a permanent link In the case of an IP link transmission links sessions have to be set which can be do
49. bed in 3 6 5 Backup reset and bring the unit back to its default factory settings including a blank password The page also allows you to reboot the unit by remote clicking the Reboot button The device is actually reboot when you confirm by clicking OK in the dialog box which then shows up This is equivalent for SCOOP 5 IP to an off on power cycle Of course you must wait for the return to the normal operative state before regaining control via the html pages Event log page This page displays a history if the system events which can be useful for operational records or for investigating operation issues etc Events are logged by the codec in its internal memory card they are recorded in plain text unformatted ASCII and the web page displays the 200 last lines of this log with a scroll bar You can select the detail level for this history depending on the target application e Coarse only essential events are logged such as reboots link set up alarms This type of history can be useful as a link record and gives a very synthetic overview e Normal gives more details and this is the default setting suitable for most operation needs e Debug absolutely all events are logged this makes a very verbose and technical history reserved for testing and fixing issues SCOOP 5 IP can also send event messages to a SYSLOG server is such server is available on the network en
50. ces the performance for a stereo program not available for mono The bit rate is limited to 128 kbit s for this variation AAC codecs are available as an option for IP networks only SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 11 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 3 Audio interfaces 2 3 1 Analog interfaces The analogue inputs and outputs are balanced and the input and output gains are adjustable The input to the encoder is selectable between the digital audio input and the stereo analogue input The output from the decoder is always provided on the stereo analogue output The sampling frequency of the analogue amp digital converters is automatically set depending on the coding algorithm used for transmission 2 3 2 Digital interfaces The equipment also provides digital audio inputs outputs in AES EBU format The input to the encoder is selectable between the digital audio input and the stereo analogue input The output from the decoder is always provided both on the digital output and the stereo analogue output The digital audio interfaces are usually locked to the digital audio input genlock mode but alternatively they can be synchronised to the internal clock reference of the codec mode called Master Sampling rate conversion is automatically performed whenever needed depending on the coding algorithm used for transmission D As an important consequence the selection or value of the sampling frequency of the AES EBU input ou
51. cess the html page which is normally used to perform the configuration reset After this reset the SCOOP 5 IP will be brought back to its factory configuration with all parameters in their default value especially blank password Ethernet interface set for auto link mode DHCP client enabled Go through the following steps e Get the reset scoop bin file to be downloaded from our www aeta audio com web site a link can be found on the page dedicated to SCOOP 5 IP e Copy this file without changing its name on a USB memory stick e Plug this stick into the USB socket on the rear panel of the unit while it is off e Power on the SCOOP 5 IP e After the initialization phase SCOOP 5 IP will go back to its factory settings e Remove the USB stick no matter with or without power on before restarting the SCOOP 5 IP otherwise all your possible new settings will be deleted again D Note existing profiles are not deleted by this procedure SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 33 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 Detailed operating mode Embedded HTML pages The embedded html server in SCOOP 5 IP provides a comfortable and efficient means to control and monitor the unit It just needs the SCOOP 5 IP to be connected to an IP network and to be reachable from a computer or another device with an html browser tablet smartphone In the most common case the two devices are connected on the same local network LAN But it is also poss
52. change e Select the audio coding CODING tab make settings and click Save D The available choice depends on the transmission network LL or IP For more details on coding see page 9 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 3 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 1 3 1 Set up an IP link AN Over a public IP network and especially when no SIP server is used it is highly recommended to use a STUN server The address of a STUN server can be set in the html page AOIP PARAMETER via the NETWORK tab In the STUN Server field enter the address of a STUN server we propose our server stun aeta audio com look also the support pages on our web site www aeta audio com Enable or disable STUN with the STUN Mode checkbox More details see page 75 e Goto the CONNECTIONS tab e n the Connection State area Remote Number field enter the remote number to call numeric IP address or SIP URI if a SIP server is used then click the Dial button e Hang up release the link using this same button it becomes Release while the link is established e When using a SIP server some data must be entered beforehand using the AOIP PARAMETER page for more details refer to page 44 1 3 2 Set up a leased line LL No connection procedure is involved with such link as it is automatically set or reset as soon as the needed connections are done and the settings are correct on both sides of the link See in this manua
53. described in 5 1 12 Digital VO interface SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 21 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 3 Installation and set up 3 3 1 Mounting and connections Natural convection cools the equipment Avoid obstructing the openings on the flanges To operate the codec the minimum necessary connections to set up are see details in the rear panel description e Power supply mains and or DC e Audio inputs and outputs XLR sockets e Network interface depending on the networks used Ethernet interface X24 V11 V35 interface D The Ethernet connection is needed at least for the initial set up of the unit Whenever needed the ALARM X24 V11 socket must be connected to an external supervision system alarm relay contacts The pin out of the connectors is indicated in chapter 5 1 Characteristics of interfaces 3 3 2 Initial set up Before the first use the Ethernet interface must be configured and the equipment must be configured according to the desired operation mode audio input output format local conditions network interface parameters Then to set up links you must select the coding type and parameters A computer with a web browser linked to the SCOOP 5 IP via the local area network is required to perform this initial set up It is also useful to have on this computer the AetaScan utility software see further xxx xxx D In some cases this initial setup can be done off line before putting t
54. e DC input The DC supply is redundant with mains power with priority to mains whenever it is present 1 Characteristics Min Nominal Max Notes Supply voltage 10V 12V 17V 1 Supply current 0 5A 2A 2 1 Beyond 15 V the DC supply takes precedence and provides power to the unit even if AC power is available 2 The power consumption may vary in a wide range depending on the input voltage the installed options and the operating mode Connections on the XLR socket Ground is connected on pin 1 and pin 4 must provide the 12 V voltage 66 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 5 2 Audio performance pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS The audio performance in this part applies to the system without coding decoding and excluding the coordination channel The additional effect of the audio encoding and decoding on audio performance depends on the coding algorithm used and its parameters Except when differently stated the following measurements are done at a 6 dBu input level and on the AD DA path with maximum input and output level set at 16 dBu 5 2 1 Transmission gain The drift in time of the gain from the input to the output of the codec is less than 0 3 dB 5 2 2 Amplitude frequency response All measurements are done with a 6 dBu input signal and a reference frequency of 1020 Hz The measurements are done with a loopback before coding decoding so the possible effect of compression has no influence
55. ed in the control computer Before doing the export you can select which type of data is to be included in this backup export check the desired categories multiple choice allowed and click Export The rest is carried out like a typical download Depending on the browser and its settings you can possibly select the file destination name 52 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS The right side is for importing the device configuration click Browse to select the file to be imported and launch the process by clicking Update The file must be a file previously exported from a SCOOP 5 IP same unit or another The settings or memories included in the file are respectively applied to the codec or recorded in its memory of profiles snapshots Warning the export files can be imported into a device with the same firmware version but there is no guarantee of portability of the configuration files from one firmware version to another In other terms the outcome is not guaranteed when importing into a unit files which were exported from a unit with a different firmware version We recommend to carefully check the settings in such case after importing the file 4 4 9 Alarm tab The Alarm tab switches to red as soon as at least one anomaly is detected In addition the number of abnormal conditions is shown like in the example below with two alarm conditions detected STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWOR
56. emote controlled by third party codec management software and systems Please consult us for more information on the available offer in this field For controlling IP connections it is also possible to use the Loop control function When this special connection mode is selected one can trigger a call by activating an input current loop optically isolated and release the line by de activating this loop In such case an outgoing connection is established or released only by this way and no more from the front panel or the remote control interface however all other parameters are still controlled from these interfaces as in the normal mode If loop control is not activated it is always possible to use the loop to release a running connection a pulse on the loop will release the line The loop control interfaces are described in 3 5 3 and 5 1 10 Besides whatever the connection mode normal or loop control a dry loop is closed when a connection is active SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 17 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 2 Physical description of the eguipment The SCOOP 5 IP codec is housed in a 19 inches chassis of 1U height 44 mm or 1 75 It includes a universal mains power supply There is an option for powering from a 12V DC source which can be used in parallel with the mains input with priority to the latter 3 2 1 Front panel The front panel includes on its left end an on off button and a few indicators Firs
57. ent 120 mA Resistance of output loop lt 35Q Output loop isolation gt 1500 Vus The 5V power supply is available from the unit to power a low consumption device maximum 300 mA current consumption e g to power the input loops or LED indicators connected to the output loops 62 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 1 10 Loop control interface AUX socket The 25 pin female sub D Aux socket includes isolated current loop inputs and dry contact outputs that can be used to remotely control the calls and indicate the link status e The input loops have an effect only if the loop control function is enabled see 3 5 3 Loop control The output loops are always operative e Activating the input loop 1 triggers an IP call on the codec de activating the loop releases the line e Output loop 1 is closed while the codec is connected and synchronized The following table shows the wiring of the socket for this function m ee Input loop n Input loop n Output loop n Output loop n OV of power supply 5V of internally supplied power supply All loops are isolated and bi directional free polarity The characteristics of the input loops are Input loop control current 6 mA max 100 mA Resistance of input loop 5600 current limiting series resistor Input loop isolation gt 1500 Vs A 5V to 12V source may be connected directly on an input loop because the internal series resi
58. er the addresses and ports to be used for the media exchanges Because of the NAT routing agents do not get the real public addresses which leads to failure of the session setup attempts We are now looking at various methods used to overcome these obstacles NAT and use of a STUN server The STUN protocol is a method which is often successful in helping the agents to discover their public address even when they are hidden behind a NAT router Here is the operation principle e ASTUN server is used which is accessible over the Internet e The address of this server is programmed into the agent i e the audio codec in our topic e The agent queries the server and discovers its public IP address and port number as seen from outside of the NAT router and LAN e This addressing information is then used by the agent for negotiating and setting up a media session The STUN server address is programmable in the menu or the html pages of a SCOOP 5 IP or Scoopy Besides there is also in the menu keypad and display on the front of the unit an enable disable on off selection without having to clear the server address There are many public STUN servers available on the Internet here are a few examples valid at the time of writing Domain name Numeric address stun aeta audio com 85 214 134 163 stun ekiga net 77 72 174 163 stun sipgate net 217 10 68 152 Examples of STUN servers lt is recommended to check tha
59. erface Ethernet Interface 1OBaseT 100BaseT TCP IP UDP IP RTP protocols Audio transmission in unicast mode SIP signalling protocol SDP RTP streaming Audio transmission in multicast mode RTP streaming Net bit rate 16 to 256 kbit s depending on coding algorithm Leased line transmission interfaces Two X24 X21 V11 V35 interfaces 64 128 192 256 or 384 kbit s over one interface selectable Audio coding algorithms audio modes G71 1 standard telephone Mono G722 SRT H221 Mono CELP 7 kHz Mono MPEG Audio Layer Il Mono Stereo Double mono Joint stereo MPEG AAC LC HE AAC HE AAC v2 Mono Stereo 4 sub band ADPCM low latency Mono Stereo Audio interfaces Two analog inputs and two analog outputs with adjustable gain Digital input and output AES EBU format Level display for encoder inputs and ecoder outputs Auxiliary functions available depending on transmission interface Relay transmission 2 isolated inputs and 2 isolated outputs 6 non isolated inputs and outputs Data channel with RS232 serial port 300 to 9600 bauds Audio coordination channel bandwidth 300 3400 Hz Control and supervision Status LEDs on front panel Embedded html server Programmable set up dial memories Ethernet IP remote control Remote control serial port Isolated control and status loops Secondary Ethernet interface for remote control Table 1 Main features of the SCOOP 5 IP 2 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual
60. h html DOGES EE ee ee 36 4 4 Detailed presentation of the html pages 37 4 5 Setting vp dn IP nke TEE E T 54 4 6 Setting up a link over a leased Ee GR GE OE ei annua 57 4 7 Management of the configuration protiles issie se ese SG Ri ee ee ke pe 58 PE Clearing all setings ve EET E 58 5 Technical characteristics i s rna na ER ENE N ac NE N Ge GE c o rie 59 5 T Characteristics or Iafeb 65S oie RO ER GE Ge EG EG 59 5 2 Judi DEENSE ie uitis ee ee ui ri ema HM UE 67 5 3 Network protocols and ports Se ee RR End ER data vn a P RR RD AN ada e iA 69 SA Power GOED DE De ee ee 70 5 5 Dimensions and Welglil eui doc RE e OG Muse eee eG 70 5 6 Environmental Characteristics ianei dre el RO Nel iiie a tei 70 RAS ie Erro c 70 5 8 Accessories and related DOGUENS esse Ge ee ee es ed Ee in 70 MES nC RR OR ER ER RE DE ET 71 6 1 Additional information on the algorithms and protocols used 71 6 2 Overview of the SIP protocol sid cti ues ip perdis Red fo dui bum quais iau adeb ao utt qu asiut 72 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual LAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 6 3 Some methods to deal with NAT routers and firewalls ee 74 51 VAR Ieee ASTON N Ee t o opens tus eui pi e pietas een Ge E 79 6 5 Notice regarding open source code eset c tn tte et d 1 eet a t TR i tU 80 pM AE EE 81 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 1 Presentation Getting started The SCOOP 5 IP codec allows the bi directional tr
61. he physical connections are done and all parameters are configured adequately For an IP link a link session must be set 4 5 1 Preliminary settings If a SIP server is used the SCOOP 5 IP must be registered on this server Use the Network tab AOIP PARAMETER page see above on page 44 for entering the SIP account data and activate the SIP registration Check that the codec is successfully registered thanks to the STATUS page AOIP frame SIP Status field Besides for links over the Internet most often the link passes through a NAT router which hides to the codec the characteristics of the public access public IP address and RTP ports actually used This can make the SIP transactions fail or get a non optimal route through the network To avoid this a STUN server is often used the corresponding settings are also found in the AOIP PARAMETER page Check that the public address discovery has succeeded ETHERNET frame Public IP information its mere presence shows the discovery has succeeded D You can find in annex 6 3 Some methods to deal with NAT routers and firewalls some additional information on the use of STUN 4 5 2 Directly call an IP address This is the most basic way of setting the link It is suitable only if e The other unit is directly reachable i e there is no NAT Router or firewall blocking the connectivity The simplest case is when both units are on the same LAN or private network
62. he unit into service on its operational location Configuring the Ethernet interface is described further in 3 4 Initial setup of the Ethernet interface For access to the configuration html pages a login password may have to be entered After factory setting or after a complete configuration erasure the password is blank no password and the access is unrestricted Afterwards if needed a password can be programmed by the user For more details about the codec configuration see chapter 4 Detailed operating mode 22 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 3 3 Notes about the use of AES EBU interfaces When using digital audio interfaces it must be decided whether the codec is master or slave regarding audio sampling clock synchronisation In the first case the codec derives the sampling clock from the network clock or an internal source and the device s connected to the codec must synchronise to the same clock source The most common choice is rather the slave mode to be used when it is not possible or not desired to synchronise the external equipment onto the clock of the transmission link or the codec In this case the AES EBU interfaces should be set in the so called genlock mode When in this mode the codec derives the sampling clock of the digital audio interfaces from its AES input in other words is gen locked onto the incoming AES signal and sampling rate conversion SRC is used for in
63. he waiting time before redialing It is often worth leaving such a pause so that the cause of the link loss is possibly cured or the remote unit gets back to its normal state etc e Loop Control for activating the loop control feature cf 2 5 3 Loop control and status Warning this feature is incompatible with controlling links using the CONNECTIONS embedded html pages Select Backup for the codec that will be Caller on a backed up LL link see above 3 5 4 Setting up a backup link e LL Backup in this section you can enable Backup receive for the codec that will be Receiver on a backed up LL link see above 3 5 4 Setting up a backup link It is also possible to configure an NTP server this kind of server provides a time reference from the Internet or a server on the local network useful and recommended for the absolute time stamping of the events in the log see further 4 4 8 Event log page If such a server is available and accessible via the Ethernet interface enter its address in the NTP Server field A few public servers are also proposed in the dropdown list D A reboot is needed for this setting to become effectivel Remember to save the changes clicking the Save button 1 Note to be able to use these servers 1 access to the Internet from the codec must not be restricted 2 a DNS must be set so the symbolic names can be resolved SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 49 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS
64. hm at a 64 kbit s bit rate is a reference for commentaries and features a 50 7000 Hz bandwidth It is available for LL or IP networks For leased lines three synchronisation modes are possible e Statistical recovery byte synchronisation method alias SRT e H221 synchronisation in this case 1 6 kbit s from the compressed data are used for this H221 synchronisation is highly recommended when possible as it features higher reliability and faster recovery time while degradation because of the bit rate used for framing is minimal No specific synchronisation is required for the IP mode 2 2 4 4SB ADPCM coding Application commentaries mono or stereo music Low latency 4SB ADPCM operates either in mono at a 128 kbit s rate or in stereo at 256 kbit s for a 15 kHz bandwidth It features a very low latency which makes it very interesting for live duplex transmission It also has the advantage to be very little sensitive to tandem coding 4SB ADPCM is available for LL or IP However it is not recommended for low quality IP networks because it requires a high bit rate and it is highly sensitive to packet losses 10 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 2 5 MPEG Audio Layer 2 coding Application mono or stereo music high quality As shown on Table 3 this coding algorithm features a maximum flexibility with many variations for bit rate mono or stereo channel mode sampling rates The two channel modes
65. ible to control the SCOOP 5 IP by remote provided that the control device can reach it TCP IP port 80 HTTP protocol If you also have a secondary Ethernet interface using a USB Ethernet adapter each of the two interfaces can be used for this remote control access This control mode is usable regardless of the OS of the control unit and the embedded pages are compatible with all common browsers No software installation is needed on the control position 4 1 Equipment start up When the unit is powered but in standby blue LED on press the key for at least 3 seconds to start up the unit The initialisation phase lasts around 30 seconds and afterwards the unit can be controlled and receive IP calls D Reminder if the unit is connected to a power source mains or DC it starts automatically whenever the source is switched on without having to use the on off button 34 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 2 Accessing the SCOOP 5 IP html pages Once the SCOOP 5 IP is connected on an IP network the first step is to get its IP address following the procedure described above in 3 4 Initial setup of the Ethernet interface Then on the control device launch the html browser and enter the IP address of the SCOOP 5 IP in the address or URL field This gives access to the html server integrated in SCOOP 5 IP The page which is displayed is similar to the following picture
66. interfaces X24 V1 1 2 1 1 Ethernet IP interface The IP interface is a lOBaseT 1OOBaseT Ethernet interface allowing transmission of the audio programmes in a wide range of possible bit rates The audio stream is always transported under the RTP UDP protocol IP unicast mode The most classical transmission mode is unicast audio connection with one distant device generally bidirectional This mode can be used on all types of networks links LAN or WAN including links via Internet The SCOOP 5 IP implements the SIP protocol which allows it to interoperate with IP phones and other SIP compatible audio codecs in a way similar to ISDN or POTS connections Links can be set up in two ways e Peer to peer connection between two compatible units e Use of a SIP proxy server to set up the link or a SIP PBX Details about the SIP protocols can be found in the annex see 6 2 Overview of the SIP protocol The audio coding algorithm can be selected depending on the required quality and the available network bandwidth The following algorithms are currently available Codec Bit rate Bit rate Audio Typical use main features coding total bandwidth G711 64 kbit s 86 kbit s 3 kHz Voice telephony Compatible with IP phones CELP 24 kbit s 28 5 kbit s 7 kHz Suitable for high quality speech Low network bandwidth consumption G722 64 kbit s 86 kbit s 7 kHz High quality speech Compatible with so
67. is deemed external to the equipment for example transmission fault 1 Reference Logilink UAO144 or other device shown on our web site support pages SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 15 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS To ease 2 5 6 Configuration and dialling memories the operation it is possible to store configuration memories called profiles These belong to three categories Remote profiles including the parameters for calling a given destination dial numbers coding algorithm etc A remote profile is like a directory entry but can also memorize coding parameters Recalling such a profile directly reconfigures the codec and or sets an outgoing call with the parameters that were memorized in this profile Local profiles which memorise the network access characteristics Recalling a local profile is a quick way to recover the configuration needed for connecting on a given line network y Snapshots which memorise all the settings for the audio interfaces These various profiles can be used locally and also through the web pages and they can be imported exported from to a computer 2 5 7 Test functions For maintenance purposes some test loops can be activated The following drawing schematically shows these test loops Audi inputs EER Audio Audio Audio AN loop BE EO mo an outputs Figure 2 Test loops e Audio loop uncompressed audio data are looped from the input of the encoder
68. ith following capabilities Create a New profile which will memorize all the current network settings and assign it a name For a remote profile you can beforehand edit the settings shown in the PARAMETERS frame This is useful for instance if you want to create a profile that will not affect the coding setup or conversely add an address or SIP URI to be recalled with this profile Delete a profile previously recorded Update a profile previously recorded either for renaming it or change its content not proposed for a snapshot Load a profile or snapshot the codec then restores the settings included in the profile except for a remote profile loading these is possible from the CONNECTIONS tab Remote profiles page STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING MISC MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 REMOTE PROFILES lt 0 cc0 ceneeneenee in REMOTE PROFILES Profil LL A Pod Ethernet vii stadiums i i irapa You can manage the remote i Coding MPEGL2 v profiles used for setting up i outgoing calls Click on a Channel Mode Stree profile and you can read its Sampling Rate 48 kHz i corresponding settings You Bit Rate 192 kBit s vi can create edit delete FEC Profiles and snapshots can beimported exported from to Remote Number 113 i your computer Go to si i Maintenance Setup transfer Select a profile and click this button Selecta profile
69. l on page 45 for configuration details 4 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 Functions The following synoptic diagram shows the basic functions of the equipment Control Interfaces Conversion inputs it lt J Supervision gt Transmission 4 Network Interfaces V outputs RS 232 Relays GPIO Coordination Auxiliary Functions Figure 1 Functional diagram of the equipment The audio signals to be transmitted are converted when needed to digital format then the encoding function reduces the bit rate using a selectable algorithm the resulting bit flow is sent to one of the available transmission interfaces Ethernet interface permanent link data interfaces X21 X24 V35 The transmission interface functional block also extracts compressed data coming from the network and sends them to a decoding block that reproduces uncompressed audio data Last the audio signals are output to both digital and analogue outputs In addition to the main task of transmitting an audio programme the SCOOP 5 IP can also transmit auxiliary information usually by embedding them inside the transmitted audio streams Supervision and controlling the unit is performed using various remote control interfaces SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 5 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 1 Transmission interfaces The SCOOP 5 IP features an Ethernet interface for IP protocol networks and leased line transmission
70. l when the leased line recovers no manual intervention is needed in such case SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 29 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS In order to use this operating mode settings have to be done on the caller codec to enable the backup with loop control Misc page see more details in 4 4 7 select Backup for the Loop Control parameter D Important notice when switching to backup mode the number called is the last dialled For this reason it is important to dial and call the backup destination in the desired mode at least once before setting the unit in its normal LL mode Receiver codec setup and operation The setup is easy on the receive side of the backup link as it is somewhat passive The backup receive mode must be activated using the Misc page see 4 4 7 Once this is done when the codec is operating in LL mode on receiving a call on the backup interface the codec switches to the IP network mode answers the call and the connection is established with the remote codec Later when the temporary connection is released by the calling party the receiver codec automatically switches back to LL mode and normal operation is resumed D Reminder in LL mode the codec accepts no incoming call whatever the network interface unless this backup receive mode is active D Thanks to the automatic coding algorithm detection SIP SDP in IP mode the coding setup is not critical on this receiver side Notes
71. link e The codec can also redial if the link is already established and the link is lost for any reason else than local release e g the remote unit mistakenly dropped the line e After a power failure after rebooting the codec will automatically redial and set up the link back D Note that while auto redial is active an established link can be definitively stopped only by releasing the line on the calling codec side Otherwise every time the called party will hang up the calling codec will redial and reset the link It is possible to program the time period that the unit will wait before redialling after a failed trial and it is also possible to program the maximum number of times the codec will redial before giving up The activation of this function and the configuration of its parameters can be done using the Misc page SCOOP 5 IP User Manual Dy pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 5 3 Loop control In normal operation outgoing calls are sent or released using the menus and or the remote control interface When the loop control function is selected outgoing calls are controlled by activating or not optically isolated input loops When the input loop is activated i e current is flowing the corresponding codec establishes a link by calling the last number IP address or SIP URI previously dialled by the unit When the loop is de activated the codec releases the line and stays idle as long as the loop is no
72. lticast stream transmission channel Ports shown in bold can be changed from the default values shown in the table SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 69 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 4 Power supply The codec operates from mains 85 263Vac 47 63 Hz As an option the product can also be powered from 12V DC source The maximum power consumption is 15 W depending on version and installed options 5 5 Dimensions and weight The unit is a 19 inches frame of 1U height 44 mm or 1 75 and 265 mm overall depth 12 5 Its maximum weight is about 3 3 kg depends on installed options 5 6 Environmental characteristics The equipment operates over a O C to 45 C ambient temperature range 32 F to 113 F and a 5 to 9096 humidity ratio range The SCOOP 5 IP complies with CE directives regarding safety and EMC e Safety compliance with EN60950 e EMI radiated emissions complying with EN55103 1 e Susceptibility compliance with EN55103 2 5 7 Options The SCOOP 5 IP includes digital leased line interfaces X24 V11 V35 and an Ethernet interface for IP transmission Options can be added to complement the capabilities of the SCOOP 5 IP Ordering code Option Description 80 00 192 51 AAC Addition of AAC coding algorithms AAC LC HE AAC and HE AAC v2 80 00 194 01 12V DC power Additional 12V DC power supply input 80 00 196 01 Coordination channel Auxiliary coordination channel 5 8 Accessories and related p
73. ly with their traversal If a SIP server is available and once the codecs are registered on this server e Any registered codec can call another registered codec regardless whether there is or not a NAT router on the path e The identifier SIP URI is stable and does not depend on the location of the called agent mobility feature It is possible either to use a public server on the Internet or to install a private server accessible via the Internet Advantages Drawbacks Each codec can initiate a session Installation may not be easy private Each codec can receive calls server Identification is simple and location time wise Reliability of server questionable public stable server Security a private proxy can be linked with a firewall Also works with symmetric NAT routers Interoperation with telephony over IP Method suitable for mobile network access D For a fast implementation you can use SIP accounts on AETA s SIP server sip aeta audio com This server is dedicated to a professional broadcast usage and housed in a safe site available 24 7 Contact AETA for subscribing SIP accounts 1 Depending on the access control policy a server may accept outgoing calls to third party domains or accept incoming calls from non registered agents SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 77 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS The table below sums up the situations where a link can be set up not
74. me IP phones MPEG Layer ll 64 to 256 73 to 275 Up to Highest quality suitable for speech and kbit s kbit s 20 kHz music MPEG AAC LC 16 to 256 30 to 277 Up to Low bit rate suitable for speech and kbit s kbit s 20 kHz music MPEG HE AAC 16 to 128 23 to 139 Up to Very low bit rate suitable for speech and and HE AAC v2 kbit s kbit s 20 kHz music 4SB ADPCM 128 or 173 or 15 kHz Low latency suitable for speech and 256 kbit s 301 kbit s music Table 2 Overview of algorithms available in IP mode Informative value higher than the net encoded audio bit rate because of the protocol overhead SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS IP multicast mode The multicast mode allows an encoder device to transmit an audio programme to several decoders by sending a single encoded stream to a multicast group address The link is unidirectional by nature This mode can be used on a local area network and on larger private networks that can manage the multicast mode On the other hand Internet cannot support this routing mode In this mode the SCOOP 5 IP uses the RTP protocol to manage the audio stream like in the unicast mode but the SIP protocol is not applicable here instead a proprietary signalling system is used As the link is unidirectional the unit has to be set either as a sender in order to encode and transmit the audio stream to the selected group address or as a receiver to receive and decode
75. monitor the link status in the LINK STATUS frame either in the CONNECTIONS page or the STATUS page 4 5 4 Receiving calls This is very simple in both cases direct peer to peer link or SIP server There is nothing to do When a call is received the units negotiate automatically a commonly acceptable coding algorithm and set the link automatically On the receiving side SCOOP 5 IP will follow the calling unit The receiving and processing of an incoming call is visible in the LINK STATUS frame either in the CONNECTIONS page or the STATUS page Qo Important notice the unit can receive and accept incoming IP calls only if it is running in LL mode except if the Backup receive mode is active for details see above 3 5 4 Setting up a backup link 4 5 5 Network quality setting Depending on the quality of service provided on the network especially its jitter performance it is possible to change the stability latency compromise used by the SCOOP 5 IP For this purpose a setting is available in the ETHERNET PARAMETER of the NETWORK tab Three choices are proposed e High suitable for a good quality and low jitter network latency is minimal but the codec will have little tolerance to possible jitter e Middle intermediate and default setting suitable for a moderate transmission jitter e Low to be preferred when the network has low QoS especially for residential ADSL lines This setting ensures
76. must make sure this stays compatible with the transmission medium Remote control via IP In addition the Ethernet interface can be used for configuring or remote controlling the unit with two control methods e SCOOP 5 IP provides html pages which allow to get complete control over the unit using a web browser via port 80 default port for http protocol See in chapter 4 the detailed operating mode e CP port 6000 can be used for command line control suitable for codec supervision software such as Codec Live MDC net etc SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 7 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 1 2 Leased line interfaces For transmission over leased lines the codec includes two X24 V11 ports which can run af 64 kbit s 128 kbit s 192 kbit s 256 kbit s and 384 kbit s bit rates Only one X24 V11 port is used selectable among the two physical interfaces The other however send the same data as the active one and it can be used e g for a redundant link For leased line transmission the codec synchronises on the network clock provided by the X24 V11 interface If no suitable clock is present the system folds back to an internal clock 2 1 3 Managing calls One of the transmission interfaces is selected as the default interface on the SCOOP 5 IP If this is the LL interface leased line this is a permanent connection Otherwise for the Ethernet IP interface the audio transmission implies a link session setup phase e Either the li
77. ndeed very similar to an e mail address To call the unit the reporter has to select the preferred audio coding mode on the Scoopy e g mono G722 then call the remote unit simply using this SIP address SIP URI IP telephone SIP proxy server Gateway Gateway Gateway SIP registrar Scoopy Figure 5 Setting up an SIP session with server s Scoopy is a portable audio codec from AETA the description here applies to both Scoopy and the SCOOP 5 IP as they are both SIP compliant and mutually compatible 72 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS What happens then on the network the Scoopy sends the request INVITE in SIP protocol to a proxy server often the same device is also the registrar To make things simple this proxy then relays and routes the request to its destination Resolving the SIP URI to a physical network and address uses mechanisms similar to those used for resolving URLs Several proxys may be involved in cascade to finally reach the desired destination but this does not have to be known or dealt with by the end devices The following is like the initiation of a phone call the IP codec rings if it accepts the call this is notified to the Scoopy At this stage the proxy s provide the Scoopy and the IP codec with
78. ne in two ways e Outgoing call launched towards a remote device the procedure is to select a transmission interface a coding configuration dial the destination to call and then set the call to the remote unit The detailed operating mode is described further for the various transmission media in 4 5 Setting up an IP link e Incoming call received from a remote device on receiving a call on one of the connected and active interfaces the codec switches to this interface and processes the call In a similar way ending releasing a link is either initiated by the remote unit remote release or by the operator of the SCOOP 5 IP local release 3 5 2 Auto redial feature In LL mode the unit is always supposed to be linked and it will transmit and look for a reception signal as long as it is on In contrast the IP mode is a dial up mode where a link can be set up and released at will When it is necessary to hold the link on permanently outgoing calls may be backed up by using the auto redial function When it is active and the codec is the initiator of the link the codec automatically tries to re set the link in case of an initial failure or if an established link is dropped for another reason than a local release i e hanging up by the user The redial capability applies in the following situations e f the initial call fails for any reason e g called party is busy the codec then redials and retries to establish the
79. nformation and adjustable parameters with various selection or entry modes for these parameters grouped in blocks each surrounded with a frame On the right side a text area provides additional help and hints As a general rule the displayed parameters are read when accessing the page and are not refreshed automatically To force a refresh click the icon the data in the area or frame are read and refreshed Exception some data on some pages is however periodically and automatically refreshed This makes a modest bit rate but you should exit the html pages if you want no traffic at all on the path between SCOOP 5 IP and the control device Two tabs have a specific behavior e STATUS is accessible without a login and some data are updated automatically e ALARMS is also updated automatically and switches to red when an alarm triggers showing the number of issues detected You can then check for details by clicking the tab Access to the tabs other than STATUS requires logging in beforehand If you click a tab without being logged in the login dialog box opens to allow you to enter the connection password If it is blank just click the Login button 1 This is on purpose in order to avoid a permanent high rate of queries to the unit which may be questionable in some situations 36 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual LAETA 4 4 Detailed presentation of the html pages 4 4 1 Status tab This ta
80. nk is initiated by the unit itself or rather the operator of the SCOOP 5 IP call to a remote destination e Or the link results from a request from a remote unit Such call can be received and processed as long as the Ethernet interface is connected and is the default interface 2 1 4 Securing a link with a backup connection When a fixed link LL is used it is possible to use another network access in order to set a temporary backup link in case the nominal LL link fails The unit will then switch to a backup mode IP and provide the audio transmission via the backup network access More precisely on one end of the link the codec will switch to the backup mode and call its counterpart via the IP network On the other end the unit will switch to the backup mode when it receives the call on its IP interface The operating mode and configuration for this backup feature are detailed further in following sections 3 5 4 Setting up a backup link 8 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 2 Audio encoding and decoding SCOOP 5 IP features a wide range of coding algorithms Their availability depends on the transmisison network used Besides the MPEG family algorithms feature a large configuration flexibility The table below synthetically describes the capabilities with the various transmission media channels 16 24 32 48 kbit s Gzl Meo 64 J CELP Mono 2 6722 Moof 6
81. ocol specified by the IETF for establishing media transmission sessions SIP is considered the communication protocol of the future by most vendors and as such it has deep influence on the VoIP applications As a signalling protocol SIP brings methods and techniques to solve the issues related to the establishing of an audio link Almost as important it is a recognised standard implemented on many network devices and systems Using SIP helps you build modular and really evolutive systems not being tied to a single vendor The SIP protocol is an essential requirement in the EBU Tech 3326 recommendation a k a N ACIP recommendation from the name of the EBU workgroup who elaborated it 6 2 2 Setting a link with SIP Let us look at an example diagram below a reporter on the move with a Scoopy wants to make a call to a SIP compliant codec located in the main station The reporter may be at home or at another location not necessarily known in advance Once the Scoopy is on and connected to the network it will register itself to a SIP registrar This registrar can be located on the LAN of the radio house but it may as well be elsewhere in the network Then the registrar knows where the Scoopy is what its IP address is On the radio house side a similar process takes place 6 To call the codec of the radio house e g a SCOOP 5 IP the reporter just needs to know its SIP address which can be like studio 2cod radiomcr com i
82. omatically provided to the unit by the DHCP server When there is no such server you have to enter the settings manually select Manual for the Mode The IP address must be available i e not already assigned to other equipment Ask support from the network administrator s as needed Afterwards enter the following parameters Parameter Notes Local IP Must be unique on the network Subnet Mask A typical value is 255 255 255 0 Gateway DNS Server 1 Domain Name Server main DNS Server 2 Domain Name Server secondary All addresses are in dot decimal format such as e g 192 168 0 12 10 0 54 123 D Note in contrast to the configuration with DHCP the static setting has to be reviewed each time you move the unit to a new physical site network as the previous IP addressing is probably not valid for the new location 42 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS You can also configure the Link Mode in its factory settings the Ethernet interface is set for an auto negotiation of the link mode speed 10 or 100 Mbit s and half duplex or full duplex D This setting is suitable for almost all situations and usually you don t need to change it However in the rare cases where this is needed it is possible to set the desired mode manually The available choices are e Auto negotiation standard setting e 100BaseT full duplex e lO0BaseT half duplex e 10BaseT full duplex e
83. ot The other buttons can be used after selecting an existing snapshot Click a snapshot its parameters are recalled in the fields of the page but yet no change is done the Save buttons warn of this Then you can e Click the Cancel button to simply come back to the previous situation also possible using the icons but one frame at a time e Click the Load button and directly apply the snapshot also possible using the Save buttons but one frame at a time e Click Delete to remove the selected snapshot from the list of snapshots SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 47 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 4 6 Coding tab This page allows to select the desired configuration for the LL link or an outgoing IP call depending on the current transmission interface The Coding tab groups the selection of the algorithm and its parameters as well as the auxiliary functions STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING MISC MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 Sg AGORA de Ee Ee jpAnc FUNCTIONS ss c EE mE ithm MPEGL2 Sie 1 Algorithm i i Data Channel ay depends on Channel Mode Stereo d EE Baud Rate 300 it peus and coding a i algorithm Sampling Rate 48kHz hd i Relays V i Bit Rate 192 kBit s x i i SS i FEC L a a Save The available coding algorithms depend on the current network interface and the installed options such as e g the AAC codecs The coding parameters depend on the algorithm and the netwo
84. ould like to use them again afterwards Make sure the link between the control computer and the SCOOP 5 IP is stable no undesirable interruption during the process Make sure the SCOOP 5 IP is not powered off and its Ethernet interface is not disconnected during the process Re import your profiles and snapshots after the update But be aware that although we always try to keep a maximum upward compatibility AETA cannot guarantee the re usability and consistency of these memories after a firmware update SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Reset page This page provides two functions clearing the settings and or memories profiles recorded in the unit and rebooting the unit You can reset the unit completely or only clear a category of data the available options are e Factory reset all parameters are brought back to their default setting and all memories profiles snapshots are deleted e Reset settings all parameters are brought back to their default setting but all memories are kept profiles and snapshots e Reset snapshots all snapshots are cleared form the memory e Reset profiles all profiles remote and local are cleared form the memory After selecting an option click the Reset button D Warning this cannot be cancelled if you have lost the login password of course this page cannot be reached You should in such case apply the backup reset procedure as descri
85. p in this way on a LAN direct public access A is exposed to external attacks The DMZ may be already reserved for other network equipment Method not possible for a mobile network access NAT router with port forwarding Situation codec A behind a NAT router and configuration of the router to forward to A the necessary ports We also assume that the other codec B is accessible with a public address Port forwarding to be set on the router e UDP 5060 SIP port e UDP 5004 RTP port and 5005 RTCP port Except with symmetric NAT which is often met for mobile network access 2 If needed you can change these numbers on the SCOOP 5 IP 76 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Once codec A is configured for using a STUN server e codec A can initiate a connection to call codec B e codec B can call codec A using the public address of the NAT router Advantages Drawbacks Each codec can set up a session Need to configure the router A is nearly equivalent to a codec with a direct Only one codec can be set up in this public access way on a LAN Method not possible for a mobile network access Use of a SIP server In addition to the numerous features it brings along using a SIP proxy server is a very powerful method to solve the issues related to NAT routers because most SIP proxies are capable to detect the presence of NAT routers and or deal appropriate
86. plied at the input produces a transmitted signal at O dBFS For an output this is the maximum output level produced when receiving a signal at maximum level i e O dBFS Input Impedance configuration of the analog inputs by default high impedance You can switch to 600 Ohm input impedance instead Input Source select the audio source to be used by the encoder either the analog inputs or the AES input Even if you use the analog inputs the AES input can still be connected in order to synchronize the AES output AES Synchro the default choice is Genlock digital interfaces input and output locked onto the digital audio input This choice is suitable for most cases when the codec should slave to the system clock However it is possible if required to rather synchronize these input output from the internal clock of the codec so called Master mode see also in 3 3 3 about the installation AES Sampling Rate sampling rate to be used in the Master mode In the Genlock mode this setting has no direct influence because the codec follows whatever sampling frequency is set by the AES input SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS e Headroom this setting defines the reference level for the program level display This display is relative to a O dBr reference which can be set here The Headroom parameter is the available headroom for a signal displayed as O dBr i e the difference between the reference and
87. r to a directory entry but in addition it can memorize the coding parameters e Local profiles memorize the network access parameters These are the settings found in the NETWORK tab Recalling a local profile is a quick way to restore the configuration needed for a given line or network e Snapshots memorize the settings for the audio interfaces These are settings found in the AUDIO page These various memories are usable through the embedded html pages and also using these pages they can be imported exported from to a computer Each remote profile includes the following elements e Name assigned to the profile e Number s number or SIP URI IP address e Coding configuration associated with the profile A remote profile may have no number included in such case it is used for quick and safe recall of a given coding configuration Conversely a remote profile may have no associated coding configuration included in such case it is just like a directory entry used for instant dialling a known destination The profiles are managed and used via the PROFILES tab see 4 4 3 Profiles tab Besides remote profiles can be used directly from the CONNECTIONS page where they ease up the link management 4 8 Clearing all settings In some cases it can be necessary to come back to the factory configuration To clear the whole configuration and come back to the factory settings normally you should go to the MA
88. resence of a firewall on this path It is always important to have available the information regarding the network organization and to be allowed to access the devices which need to be configured Hence we highly recommend to involve the persons empowered for such tasks 6 3 1 Links via a private network No special problem should be met within a LAN The operation is also possible with codecs from other manufacturers provided that they comply with the Tech3326 EBU recommendation also known as N ACIP recommendation However you should check for specific settings or preparation possibly needed on such devices A wide area network covers a wider geographic range and the network topology most probably includes routers on the path between the codecs to be linked However usually there is not much difference with a local area network Note using a VPN leads to just the same case the operation is identical as far as the codecs are concerned 6 3 2 Links through a public network Internet If each of the units has got a direct access to Internet with a public address we are in the same situation as the previous one functionally speaking private WAN The addressing scheme is normally static as DHCP can rarely be used on a public access In fact this situation is very seldom met in the field First the Internet access is usually protected by a firewall which will as a principle block a priori the desired connection In
89. rk interface This is also true for the auxiliary functions Atter selecting the coding algorithm for some of these you must select additional parameters such as channel mode for stereo capable coding sampling frequency and bit rate for MPEG L2 and AAC coding protection mode only for MPEG L2 in LL mode Remember to save the changes clicking the Save button 48 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 4 7 Misc tab This Misc tab groups several settings auto redialing configuration and activation loop control activation STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING MISC MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 4l en E E EEE gg AUTO REDIAL 2 socccsecsses sess coscocaaostasas costae NTP SERVER Auto Redial Codec1 O B8 Auto Redial Codec2 M Reboot Redial Attempts infinite Jn LOOP CONTROL 4 7 H Time before dial 4 zj Loop Control Of JE LL BACKUP Z Backup Call Ethernet E i Backup Receive On NTP Server Poolntp org Other NTP Server Notes for the parameters on this page e Auto Redial this sub menu deals with the auto redial feature whose operation is described in 3 5 2 above e Redial Attempts you can adjust from 1 to 20 the number of attempts to reset the link in case of a drop or even Infinite for redialing indefinitely e Time before dial in seconds adjust between 1 and 30 seconds after a link loss t
90. roducts The SCOOP 5 IPis delivered with a mains cord and a CAT5 Ethernet cable Along with the coordination channel option a specific cable is delivered which provides XLR plugs for the coordination channel input and output input on a female plug output on a male plug For remote controlling SCOOP 5 IP units from a PC the TeleScoop configuration and supervision software is available for a Windows computer The TeleScoop software also allows to control the other rackmount codecs of the Hifiscoop Scoop 3 Hifiscoop 3 and Scoop 4 ranges SCOOP 5 IP can also be controlled by several third party software tools such as Codec Live MDC Net It is possible to get an additional Ethernet interface that can be used for remote control from a separate sub network by connecting on the USB socket a USB Ethernet adapter such as the LogiLink UAOT44 D Other compatible devices may be available later in which case you can find them on our web pages consult our site www aeta audio com 70 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 6 Annexes 6 1 Additional information on the algorithms and protocols used 6 1 1 Auxiliary data in the MPEG frames The auxiliary data are used for the following purposes e Reed Solomon error detection and correction J52 standard e Data channel e Other auxiliary information relay transmission and or auxiliary audio channel The insertion of this auxiliary information is an extension AET
91. rol click on Logout also in the connection area You are also logged out automatically after a long period of time with no action on the pages QI you have lost the login password you should apply the backup reset procedure as described in 3 6 5 Backup reset and bring the unit back to its default factory settings including a blank password SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 35 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 3 Principles of operation with html pages The picture below shows a typical page STATUS Rer cro bis CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING Misc MAINTENANCE ALARM MODERN MEE I RO Vir CIE M EE E ME STUN MODE STUN Mode egistration Allows auto discovery of STUN Server stun aeta audio com SIP User 123456 actual public addressing EE EF STUN Interval 15s Fjo SIP Display Name Scoop5 STUN SERVER Sa SIP Registrar myserver YOU Con DENTES SIP Auth User 123456 audio com for example ERE Refresh SIP Auth Password eeeeeeee SIP REGISTRATION z SIP Proxy i Transmission Mode SIP vee Keepalive Interval Server Preset X Help area On top you find a bar of tabs corresponding to the various categories of functions and parameters for the SCOOP 5 IP Clicking a tab you access either a page or a drop down list for selecting a secondary page These tabs and pages are detailed in the following chapters Under the bar can be found the i
92. rosstalk Crosstalk is less than 80 dB over the whole bandwidth 5 2 7 Gain and phase difference between channels The gain difference between channels is less than 0 3 dB over the whole bandwidth for any sampling frequency The phase difference between channels is less than 3 degrees over the whole bandwidth for any sampling frequency 68 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 5 3 Network protocols and ports pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS The SCOOP 5 IP implements or complies with the following protocols non exhaustive list e Physical and link layers Ethernet 100BaseT 10BaseT e Network Transpor layers IPv4 TCP IP UDP IP RTP IP e Application HTTP Telnet DHCP STUN NTP SYSLOG e Audio transmission SIP signalling SDP RTP RTCP RFC3550 3551 RFC3640 e Compliant with EBU recommendation Tech 3326 interoperability of audio codecs for contribution The ports used by the device are the following Type Port Designation Dir Notes 80 HTTP 5 Embedded html server TCP 6000 Control S Remote control command line mode used by Scoop4Man and TeleScoop 123 NTP S For querying an NTP server 514 SYSLOG For sending messages to a SYSLOG server 3478 STUN S For querying a STUN server Ups 5004 RTP 5 For audio streaming 5005 RTCP S For audio streaming 5060 SIP S SIP signalling 6000 Multicast description S Multicast stream description channel 6001 Multicast audio S Mu
93. sends a stream towards a multicast group address and one or several decoders receiving the stream pick up the packets sent to this group address and decode the audio stream On the SCOOP 5 IP the operating mode stays quite similar to the normal differences in the multicast mode mode with mainly two e A codec must be set as sender or receiver device e SIP is not used and hence the SIP configuration is not relevant For the operation it is assumed the network statically supports UDP multicast i e routers of the network recognise and deal with routing the packets with multicast group addresses For obvious reasons the coding setup is entirely decided at the source On the codec on the audio source side hence sender of the encoded stream the procedure for setting up a multicast stream is the following e Set the codec in multicast send mode To do this refer to the AOIP PARAMETER page see page 44 e Select on this codec the desired audio coding parameters e Start the streaming as for setting up a call in normal mode CONNECTIONS tab enter as Number the IP group address then click the Call button D Note that the codec decodes its own stream on its audio output this can be useful for audio monitoring For each codec that has to decode the stream the procedure is simple e Set the codec in multicast receive mode To do this refer to the AOIP PARAMETER page see page 44 e Start
94. smission It is relevant for the Ethernet interface The main setting is the transmission mode SIP unicast or multicast For SIP the settings are as follows Notes 44 LOGOUT STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING MISC MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 STUN MODE b isiration STUN Mode V i SIP Registration FI Dow Ee ae cf STUN Server stun aeta audio com H SIP User 123456 actual public addressing STUN Interval 15s ad SIP Display Name Scoop5 STUN SERVER SIP Registrar myserver com You can use stun aeta SIP Auth User 123456 audio com for example l SIP Auth Password eeeeeeee SIP REGISTRATION AOIP MODE 4 Mm TN j f ee sp m 14 SIP Proxy Uncheckto disable Transmission Mode 1 Keepalive Interval Server Preset registration without having to z r i Clear the SIP parameters e SIP Port 5060 RTP Port 5004 KEEPALIVE INTERVAL Packet Replication 0 Renew registration at specified period Save PACKET REPLICATION 0 normal mode without replication 1 packet replication with short delay 2 packet replication with interleaving STUN Mode enable or disable STUN In this way you can disable STUN without erasing the STUN server address STUN Server enter the address of the STUN server either in numeric form or with a symbolic name This kind of server allows SCOOP 5 IP to discover its public IP address when it accesses the Internet through a router with
95. stor is dimensioned for this purpose For a higher voltage source it may be necessary to limit the input current The characteristics of the output loops are Maximum switching voltage 350 V peak Maximum switching current 120 mA Resistance of output loop 535 Q Output loop isolation gt 1500 Vis The 5V power supply is available from the unit to power a low consumption device maximum 300 mA current consumption e g to power the input loops or LED indicators connected to the output loops SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 63 LAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 1 11 Coordination channel interface AUX socket In addition to the loop control and relay transmission interfaces the optional coordination channel input and output are available on the 25 pin female sub D connector AUX Socket on the rear panel with pinout as indicated hereunder The input and output are balanced floating signals transformer isolated Maximum level 9 dBm Impedance 600 Q Nominal bandwidth 300 3400 Hz m Rem Coordination channel output 14 Coordination channel output Coordination channel input e Frome round HET Coordination channel input 16 64 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 5 1 12 Digital VO interface pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS This 15 pin female sub D socket provides the GPIO signals described in 2 4 2 Transmission of GPIO The pinout is shown in the following table om 00 fedem ME ed
96. t completely on the left is located the on off key and just besides the standby indicator blue LED When the unit is powered but in standby blue LED on keep the key pressed for at least 3 seconds to switch on the unit When it is operating keep the key pressed for at least 3 seconds to switch it off In addition to this manual on standby switching the unit automatically switches on when power is applied on its mains socket or its DC input for those units equipped with the DC option u The standby LED next to the key is off in operation but lights on when the unit is in standby with power applied Status LED indicators The LEDs have the following meaning Marking Color Function Alarm Red Shows an alarm example link active but no synchronisation OK Green Green when the link is active connected and the decoder is synchronised Off otherwise or if no link is active connected Line Green On when the link is active connected ON Green On when the units is on and operating 18 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 2 2 Rear panel All connections are done on the rear panel of the codec The characteristics of the interfaces and layout of the sockets are detailed in chapter 5 1 Characteristics of interfaces The following elements are available numbers such as 17 refer to the following Figure 3 Rear panel Mains power socket 13 This is an IEC type power
97. t active except if receiving an incoming call QD In normal operation it is nevertheless possible to release a running connection by briefly activating pulse the control loop The auto redial feature is implicitly active when loop control is active the codec tries to keep the link and automatically recalls the remote unit if the line drops as long as the input loop is active The time before redial parameter described in the above is also applicable to the loop control mode On the other hand the redial attempts parameter is not applicable here because the unit will always try to recover the link until the loop is left inactive D Note that as an important consequence when using loop control the termination of a link must always be done on the calling party side by de activating the input loop Whenever the line is released by the receiving party the calling unit will redial and re establish the link When loop control is active the input loops are the only means of setting up an outgoing call setting a call from the menu is not allowed Hanging up with the keypad is rejected D Remind that the first step is to set up the link once in normal mode and later activate the loop contro mode afterwards the input loop is used to trigger a redial to the previous number The loop control input can be used in LL mode for setting up a backup link see following chapter 3 5 4 28 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa
98. t the server is operative Moreover numeric addresses may change even if the domain name stays the same A list of servers can also be found on the support page of our web site http www aeta audio com Although not with so called symmetric NAT routers SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 75 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Standard NAT router Situation codec A behind a NAT router with no specific programming a codec accessing Internet via a mobile network is almost always in such situation Besides we assume that the other codec B is accessible with a public address Once codec A is configured for using a STUN server e codec A can initiate a connection to call codec B e codec B cannot call codec A Advantages Drawbacks Configuration is relatively simple B cannot call A No change is needed on the router Several codecs can be set behind the NAT router Method suitable for mobile network access NAT router with DMZ Situation codec A behind a NAT router and placed in DMZ We also assume that the other codec B is accessible with a public address Once codec A is configured for using a STUN server e codec A can initiate a connection to call codec B e codec B can call codec A using the public address of the NAT router Advantages Drawbacks Each codec can set up a session Need to configure the router A is nearly equivalent to a codec with a Only one codec can be set u
99. ter the address or name of this server and click the Apply button From then on SCOOP 5 IP sends the designated server all events regardless of the detail level selected as described above The two histories run in parallel on one hand messages to the SYSLOG server on the other hand the filtered events depending on the detail level selected recorded in the SCOOP 5 IP log file V4 you mistakenly clicked the Reboot button it is still possible to cancel this close the page without clicking OK do not hit the computer s Esc key neither SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 5 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS Events are time stamped date hour minute second from the internal clock of the unit This clock is not backed no battery inside the unit but the unit can synchronize at boot time using the NTP protocol The address of such server must be set in the Misc page see 4 4 7 above D Important notice time stamps are universal time UTC hence they take no account of geographical location neither any DST daylight saving time Remember to add the appropriate time difference when analyzing the logs Under the log window you can find some control buttons e Hold normally the event window scrolls at any time while new events occur Click this button to stop this and freeze the display The button becomes Continue The events are still logged only the page update is interrupted e Continue resumes the au
100. terfacing to the coding parts OR is mandatory in such situation to provide the codec input with an AES signal featuring the same sampling frequency as the external equipment even if the codec is used only as a decoder If this requirement is ignored the unit will actually fall back to master mode In such situation clicks in the audio programme might be heard especially when the resulting sampling rate is very different from that of the external device If on the contrary it is decided to synchronise the external equipment at 32 48 or 96 kHz onto the transmission clock of the network interface the codec must be configured in master mode In this case the output is locked onto this clock and it can be used as a reference to synchronise the equipment connected to the codec output The digital audio signal at the codec input must then come from a device synchronised by this way D When you do not use the digital audio interfaces the master or slave mode has no effect on the actual operation However it is recommended in such case to select the master mode to avoid undesired alarms Otherwise with the genlock setting which is the default factory setting an alarm is raised because of the lack of a suitable signal on the AES input In the master mode the device ignores this error condition SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 23 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 3 4 Initial setup of the Ethernet interface The SCOOP 5 IP incl
101. the streaming as for setting up a call in normal mode CONNECTIONS tab enter as Number the IP group address then click the Call button D You can monitor the link status in the LINK STATUS frame either in the CONNECTIONS page or the STATUS page 1 This does not include the Internet multicast cannot be used over the Internet 56 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual LAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 6 Setting up a link over a leased line There is no specific procedure for establishing or interrupting such link once the physical connections and the coding configuration are done set the unit in LL mode NETWORK tab CHANGE NETWORK page select LL and configure the desired coding setup CODING tab The link is immediately started the encoder transmits the encoded stream and the decoder looks for synchronisation on the received stream In case the link is broken the decoder restarts looking for synchronisation and restarts as soon as the stream comes back without any action needed from an operator This is also true when restarting after a power cycle SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 57 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 4 7 Management of the configuration profiles The configuration profiles ease configuration changes and the setting up of routine links There are three types of profiles e Remote profiles which include call parameters for a given destination number s coding etc Such a profile is simila
102. the unit can be set in one the following sampling rates 32 48 and 96 kHz 5 1 4 Ethernet Interface This RJ45 socket has standard Ethernet pinout for use of a normal straight cable to an Ethernet hub or switch The interface normally operates in 1OOBaseT full duplex mode with auto negotiation but it is possible to force other configurations The installation and operation of this function is detailed in 3 4 Initial setup of the Ethernet interface SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 59 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 5 1 5 Main X24 X21 V11 V35 interface The X24 V11 interface uses a 15 pin male Sub D connector The following table shows the pinout Frame ground Transmitted data Transmitted data Received data Received data Indication Indication Received clock Received clock Electrical ground The codec does not transmit a C signal and the signal has no effect The codec can also be connected to a V35 interface a specific adaptation cable is needed in such case The connection is described in Annex 6 4 V35 interface adaptation 5 1 6 Alarm X24 X21 interface This interface uses a 15 pin male Sub D connector The following table shows the pinout Internal alarm Common Transmitted data Transmitted data Internal alarm NC Internal alarm NO Received data Received data Indication Indication Received clock Received clock External alarm NO External alarm NC Electrical
103. ticast Control Port this port number UDP is used for sending control packets accompanying the multicast stream Default value is 6000 Multicast Audio Port this port number UDP is used for transporting the multicast audio stream Default value is 6001 Note this setting is not related to the RTP Port setting valid for RTP SIP Multicast TTL TTL value applicable to the RTP multicast audio stream Default 254 Remember to save the changes clicking the Save button SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 45 pa AAETA AUDIO SY STEMS 4 4 5 Audio tab Like the STATUS page this page shows the audio level transmitted received to from the network STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING Misc MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 S AUDIO INPUT iese ER EE EE Eg dT cies Input Level 16 dBu 2i Output Level 16 dBu af Input Impedance High bd Decoder Mute Left Input Source Analog Decoder Mute Right AES Sampling Rate 48kHz JE AES Synchro Master T Save pHEADRDOM Qo eee Mp ET Headroom 1048 7 QONAPSHOIS HERE EERS E TERRE Analog inputs Save AESM E SS EES SEE EI SEGE NG SA EE Delete Cancel Load Notes on these parameters 46 Input Level and Output Level gain setting for respectively the inputs and the outputs The parameter is the maximum level absolute level expressed in dBu of the interface For an input this is the clipping level which when ap
104. ties for the various networks D No auxiliary function is available for mobile voice transmission Besides for PSTN POTS only relay transmission 2 loops is possible Cod Relays Data bauds Coordination 22 isoleted GPIO 300 1200 2400 4800 9600 channel G722 SRT G722 H221 4SB ADPCM MPEG L2 X exclusive only one function at a time Table 4 Auxiliary functions over leased lines Relays Daja Baud Isolated GPIO 300 1200 2400 4800 9600 channel EE EE EE ER NEG ENE NE AE Ed EE IE EE ME MEN NN EE NN ENE N N 1 OE N LL Ln d a o 3 EI LJ 1 JL p ee qp Ed Ga eee GENE Ed Ns AT EE Table 5 Auxiliary functions over IP networks SCOOP 5 IP User Manual 13 pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 4 1 Transmission of isolated relays When this function is activated the codec transmits to the remote unit the status of two isolated current loops The remote unit then opens or closes relay contacts according to the transmitted status Conversely as the function is bi directional the codec activates its two relays dry isolated contacts depending on the status of the two current loops on the remote unit For transmission over IP this feature is always available whatever the coding algorithm For the LL mode availability depends on the algorithm see above tables With G722 or 4SB ADPCM relay transmission cannot be used at the same time as another auxiliary function see tables A
105. tomatic updating of the event display e Refresh click this button to update the display and show the most recent events This button is relevant if the display has been frozen with Hold in order to refresh the event display on demand e Save logfile as allows you to download on the control computer the history file This takes place as a typical download Depending on the browser and its settings you can possibly select the file destination name Setup Transfer page This page provides a means to backup all the settings of the unit into a file and reciprocally to restore a complete configuration from a file previously saved in this way Partial exports are also possible selecting the items you wish to include remote profiles local profiles snapshots settings LOGOUT STATUS CONNECTIONS PROFILES NETWORK AUDIO CODING Misc MAINTENANCE ALARM 0 p EXPORT CONFIGURATION eer eer p IMPORT CONFIGURATION 777mm EE File i Remote Profiles a Select the data categories to Local Profiles i i Update be exported and click N F H export to save the data Snapshots po eM MM MM M MMMMeeeeeeee ERES Settings IMPORT CONFIGURATION Export Click the button to import a Men i configuration file previously icd c CI ee eee saved on the computer The left part of the page is dedicated to exporting the device configuration the configuration is then saved in a file download
106. tput is completely independent of the sampling frequency of the compression algorithm One should also be aware that the various audio settings have no relationship with those for the other side of the link the remote codec whatever they are selection of analog or digital source sampling rate of AES interfaces etc This configuration is only relevant for the local installation 2 3 3 Audio monitoring The audio program level is measured at the audio input before encoding and at the audio output atter decoding the received signal These levels are displayed on some html pages of the unit D Note as the audio output is monitored immediately after decoding this monitoring position is not sensitive to the possible activation of the audio test loop see further the chapter about test loops contrarily to the physical audio outputs both analog and digital 12 SCOOP 5 IP User Manual pa AAETA AUDIO SYSTEMS 2 4 Auxiliary functions The main function of the SCOOP 5 IP is the transmission of one or two main audio programmes but it also provides auxiliary functions for transmitting data or additional signals inside the same stream or more generally the same session These features are only compatible with AETA products because they are not inside the scope of independent standards The availability of these functions depends on the coding algorithms and on the transmission network The following tables show these capabili
107. u to detect this address whatever the current settings If this address is reachable from the computer you can enter it in the address bar of the web browser and access the html pages of the SCOOP 5 IP Then you can set up the addressing as required via the ETHERNET PARAMETER of the NETWORK tab see page 42 Ethernet Parameters Warning this should be done as the last step after setting the other parameters for the unit if this would make the unit unreachable from the computer If this address is not reachable from the computer most probable case you should go through the following steps e Change the computer address temporarily so it belongs to the same sub network as the SCOOP 5 IP e Access the SCOOP 5 IP html pages by entering its IP address in the browser s address bar e Setup the addressing of the SCOOP 5 IP as required via the ETHERNET PARAMETER of the NETWORK tab see page 42 Ethernet Parameters This should be done as the last step after setting the other parameters for the unit if this would make the unit unreachable from the computer e Setup the computer back to its original addressing Blocking situation after an invalid setting it may happen that an incompatible or inconsistent setting completely blocks access to the SCOOP 5 IP example unknown login password As a last resort solution you can apply the backup reset procedure as described further xxx xxx and bring the unit back to its default
108. udes a 100BaseT 10Basel Ethernet interface and the audio transmission can take place over an IP network through this interface In addition it is always possible to use the Ethernet interface for accessing the embedded html server or for remote controlling the unit via a TCP IP connection TCP port 6000 An initial set up is often needed and in every case you will need to pick up the unit s IP address in order to configure and manage it For setting into operation first connect the Ethernet interface to the network using CAT5 wiring e Connection to 1OBasel or 100Basel interfaces are both suitable as the SCOOP 5 IP automatically switches to the adequate 10 Mbit s or 100 Mbit s mode e Straightforward patch cables should be used for a connection to a hub or a switch Conversely a crossed cable might be needed for special configurations e g a test connection to a PC The following steps require a computer with a web browser and depend whether a DHCP server is available or not on the LAN the SCOOP 5 IP is connected to 3 4 1 DHCP server available This is usually simpler By default factory setting SCOOP 5 IP is set as a DHCP client Thus at start up it is automatically allocated its IP configuration by the DHCP server The same applies to the computer used for set up Then you must get the IP address of the SCOOP 5 IP e If you have access to the server s address lease table you can get this information there
109. using a SIP proxy server and 6 3 3 Summary and reminder of essential rules reminds the needed specific settings Codec A Possible Codec B Notes access calls access LAN LAN same 2 Private WAN gt Private WAN lt 3 Internet direct gt Internet direct lt NAT gt Internet direct STUN needed for A 5 NAT DMZ 5 Internet direct STUN needed for A 6 NAT port 5 Internet direct STUN needed for A forwarding UDP pors 5004 5005 5060 NAT gt NAT DMZ STUN needed for A and B 8 NAT DMZ gt NAT DMZ STUN needed for A and B lt 9 NAT port gt NAT DMZ STUN needed for A and B forwarding UDP ports 5004 5005 5060 10 NAT NAT forwarding STUN needed for A and B In NAT 4 DMZ NAT forwarding STUN needed for A and B ed 12 NAT port NAT forwarding STUN needed for A and B forwarding e UDP ports 5004 5005 5060 Basic rule Codec behind a NAT router gt use a STUN server This allows the codec to set up outgoing calls This is not sufficient to be accessible to connection requests from the outside Mobile network access without SIP server or VPN gt use a STUN server QD NAT DMZ or NAT forwarding gt incoming calls are possible Incoming calls are not possible behind a NAT router without either such change or a SIP proxy D SIP server gt maximum versatility at the expense of some initial effort for installation

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