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1. lei a ples ay Es re Member of table parer kins nrin deuce p dae cable dierbare pd Bee ioe olene Bema pen pp LA ladheg Peto roa bejer an dee Sep karin Figure 5 Offline VLF cable PD mapping with the Cable Data Collector 18 l Electricity Control October 13 The instrument detects and quantifies PD activity in cables by measur ing radio frequency currents and works with most types of single and three phase insulated cables at distribution voltages up to several miles in length The process of capturing PD data with the Cable Data Collector is quick and simple with expert analysis of the results which include cable condition reports and recommendations for action provided by the author s company The company also provides an offline cable PD mapping service which is non invasive and effective on underground cables up to 66 kV The technique involves energising the cables at very low frequen cies This allows the measurement of cable length by time of flight measurements as well as identifying any PD activity in the reflected waveforms The company s software then analyses these results to produce a comprehensive report on the health of the cable and identify any areas that may require further investigation or repair Both the online and offline testing techniques offer many benefits compared with extensive and costly physical excavations to inspect the conditi
2. MultiPlus SOOVA 5kVA Input voltage range V DC 9 5 17V 19 33V 38 66V AC Input Input voltage range 187 265 VAC Input frequency 45 65 Hz Power factor 1 Quattro 3kVA 5kVA 8kVA 10kVA Input voltage range V DC 9 5 17V 19 33V 38 66V integrated transfer switch A NELTA Telecom Power backup inverters amp static transfer switch Delta s inverters and static switches combined with our DC power systems provide a modular UPS for AC power backup MidD APS 1500A 230 6 SSW MidD APS 1500A 230 6 SSW Is ideal AC power system for space critical applications with high power density The system includes up to six inverters with DC and AC connections An integrated modular system allows flexible and API 1500A Series The Delta API 1500A Series inverter is high efficient modular single phase inverter SSW Series static switch The Delta SSW Series static switch adaptable installations MidD APS 1500A provides uninterruptible AC power by 230 6 SSW is available with five or six acting as an electronic switch between Delta API 1500A inverters and SSW 7500A 230 static switch The the AC mains and the Delta API 1500A applications are modular UPS configurations either in indoor or series modular inverters J outdoor containers JHB KZN CapeTown Bo Tel 010 591 1713 Tel 031 569 2854 Tel 021 300 1727 te a O Fax 011 462 0420 Fax 031 569 2864 Fax 021 300 1728 e g
3. a gt ZE Lo j lt L gt em ma Lo Z Lo he became area manager for the Overberg region where he promoted the concept of automated irrigation In 1989 in Malawi he worked on large scale irrigation projects for coffee and tea plantations Returning to South Africa in 1991 Alister joined forces with Eppie Steyn and the late Pieter Fouche and together they grew and developed Agriplas which was later sold to the WPK group In 2003 Alister and Martin Giles formed Irri Gator Products with the focus on providing automated irriga tion control solutions Enquiries Tel 082 490 5922 or email alisterc Irrigator co za JA bout the author Flow Full VSD Full Rate Speed Speed Speed m3 Hr Full VSD Speed Speed Full VSD Speed Speed NEEN OEE oo 20m ase so wa Ec EEEN Table 1 Comparisons and potential power savings October 13 Electricity Control III 59 ay Project management for Cape Town solar plants ES an ISO 9000 certified company which provides management engineering and technical auditing solutions has embarked on a contract in the renewable energy sector applying its engineering project manage ment techniques to two solar Photovoltaic PV plants in the Cape These plants form a significant part of the extensive solar energy developments currently being undertaken in South Africa South Africa a country beset by dire power capacity challenges is increasi
4. k Lu Lu ze 7A 1 Lu Lu gt Au am A lt L Lu eS Y ee Lu as as erly monitored A simple faulty fuel gauge can fail to alert e Scalability to your needs operators that fuel storage is being filled to an alarming e Suitability for manual and automated operated facilities high level causing large quantities of petrol to overflow e UptoSIL3 As a consequence vapor clouds are formed leading to e Display of detailed warning and alarm messages on explosions and fire that can last for days Overfill preven both text display and operating panel tion systems are a must for obvious reasons but they can e Possibility of FailSafe high warnings and high high be costly tedious to implement and difficult to maintain if alarms custom built Endress Hauser s pre configured solution e Integrated automated proof test procedure patent package reduces project costs by up to 20 and lowers im pending plementation risk as it is based on a standard approach with e Automatic recording of all events for better transparency repeatable designs that have been tested and documented and traceability The system was developed with Rockwell Automation e UPS for 30 minutes operation and resulted in a complete and integrated solution able to e Free tank selection by the user to simplify alarm assign address the entire safety loop from measuring and moni ment toring to correcting elements Devices are pre integrated which means t
5. 264 5 V 48 V 41 V 63 V SUNNY ISLAND 8 0H 230 V 202 V 253 V 26A 120A 48 V 41V 63V SUNNY ISLAND 5048 230 V 202 V 253 V 21 7A 4A8V 41V 63V SUNNY ISLAND 2224 230 V 202 V 253 V 24 V 16 8 V 31 5 V 93 6 kaco Battery Inverters new energy The intelligent energy manager Modular and flexible The ET optimal upgrade for existing photovoltaic systems A special ga highlight is the capacity to switch virtually without interruption to backup power in the event the public grid fails Product Name Power GRIDSAVE ECO Rated output and charging current 5 kW 104 A 25 C Peak output power lt 30 s 12 kW Max recommended power of AC 10 kW coupled solar inverter Max recommended PV power 7 7kW z Open circuit voltage 800V DC input voltage range 40 V 68 V Battery Voltage 48V MW MEAN WELL Your Relinbia ower Partner Product Name Watt Input Voltage Output Voltage Efficie TS 200 212B TS 200 224B 500 Eon TS 200 248B o 90 87 TS 400 212B TS 400 224B 400W 89 TS 400 248B o 90 TS 700 212B TS 700 224B 700 B TS 700 248B 230Vac 3 200 240Vac 91 TS 1000 212B TS 1000 224B ae vere 90 l p i 1000W by front panel 91 TS 1000 248B 10 5 15Vdc 02 21 30Vdc TS 1500 212B TS 1500 224B Pea 42 60Vdc a TS 1500 248B 10 88 TS 3000 212B TS 3000 224B anol 90 TS 3000 248B 93 87 TN 1500 212B TN 1500 224B enol 89 TN 1500 248B 200 220 2
6. Causes of electrical fires The three main groups of fire causes are accidental natural and in cendiary Of the accidental fire causes electricity often plays a major part Electricity can also be involved in incendiary and natural causes Three elements must be present in order for a fire to initiate oxygen fuel and heat Electricity can play an important role in this process by providing the heat source One example of an electrical heat source is a short circuit There exist two main types of short circuits a dead short circuit and a limited short circuit A dead short occurs when a live wire comes into contact with acommon or ground wire or the positive and negative wires are connected in a de circuit and the circuit is subsequently energised In properly fused circuits this will cause the fuse to blow and the circuit to de energise This type of situation does not create sufficient heat to ignite combustibles However if the circuit is not fused properly the current can continue to pass through the wires causing them to significantly overheat This type of situation can ignite surrounding combustibles causing a fire The other type of short circuit is a limited short circuit In this case wires come into contact such that the volume of material through which the current flows is smaller than the fusible link This will create a spark or flash and result in the melting of the wiring This situation can also cause ignition of combust
7. Outback FX2012ET Outback FX2024ET Outback FX2348ET Outback VFX2612E Outback VFX3024E Outback VFX3048E Outback GFX1312E Outback GFX1424E Outback GFX1448E Fully integrated solution compatible in both Off Grid and grid interactive applications the Radian delivers 7 000 watts of pure sinewave continuous power with unsurpassed surge capacity 50 60Hz and 220 240V www rectifier co za www solar solutions co za www power solutions co za Cotek Inverters Cotek Pure Sine Wave Inverter Thermo Fan True Sinewave Tri colour indicators display e Advance microprocessor control Power ON amp OFF remote control S SERIES SK SERIES ST SERIES With Transfer switch rm F1 L eed L a d S Series Inverters 150 SK Series Inverters 200 ST Series Inverters 600 1500Watt up to up to 94 3000Watt up to up to 94 2500Watt up to up to 94 efficiency efficiency efficiency i MA victron energy Chargers amp Inverters Oy BLUE POWER Pure sinewave output high peak power and high efficiency Combined high frequency and line frequency technologies ensure the best of both worlds Phoenix Inverter 12 24 48 Volt Phoenix Inverter Compact 12 24 Volt Input voltage range V DC 9 5 17V 19 33V 38 66V Output Output voltage 230 VAC 2 Frequency 50 Hz 0 1 1 __ VE Bus communication port Yes ml el Ea a Ea zl Sa Ea Ea Ea a a Sa he nel SS Si Ea nn a
8. material quality and manufacturing processes With development progress in manufacturing techniques and processes XLPE cable 16 ll Electricity Control October 13 has become the globally preferred cable for both transmission and distribution underground networks Failure modes for XLPE cables include insulation deterioration due to natural ageing water treeing electric treeing and outer metallic sheath arcing Table 1 shows the link between cable type failure mode and root cause in different phases in the cable lifecycle Cable Failure mode Root cause Lifecycle type PILC Insulation Partial discharge Natural Cables deterioration ageing over long term Thermal runaway Local heating Mutual heating from neighbouring cables Cable surrounding material with high thermal resistivity Overloading incorrect design rating Moisture ingress Outer sheath damage Installation Operation Oil Oil leak Oil pipe corrosion due to outer Manufacture filled sheath damage defect Cables Installation Thermal runaway As for PILC cable type Installation Operation XLPE Insulation Cables deterioration Natural ageing mainly due to Natural cyclic thermal ageing Mechanical aggression Manufacture Manufacture defects Manufacture Installation Water treeing Moisture ingression Outer sheath damage Without water barrier Outer metallic sheath corrosion Fault joint Manufacture Installation Opera
9. Andrew Evans Exhibition Sales Africa Phone 27 21 913 5255 Email andrewe pennwell com Tom Marler Exhibition Sales Renewable Hydro International Phone 44 0 1992 656 608 Email tomm pennwell com FOR FURTHER INFORMATION AND TO REGISTER PLEASE VISIT WWW POWERGENAFRICA COM Owned and Produced by Haat Utility Eskom Presented by ETL ETI Ei Supported by RENEWABLE ENERGY W RLD ROUND UP Transparency in compressed air networks he number one choice for measuring compressed air and technical gases in the bulk solids processing industry is the Endress Hauser s t mass 150 thermal mass flowmeter specially designed for use in compressed air and supply networks Compressed air networks with leak rates of 30 and more are normal in many plants around the world Quite startling considering that energy conservation and reduction is top of nearly every company s agenda For this reason more and more attention is being focused on compressed air and supply networks A detailed insight into a system is needed to locate and minimise leaks in the network By using several low cost measuring systems in one line instead of one more accurate and more expensive main measurement users can get a far clearer picture of their compressed air network Endress Hauser has the instruments to make this possible While small leaks in the overall gas flow go unnoticed when a primary meas urement system is used measuremen
10. Lo MO TE lt L gt s nan LL Ze Li Goto Products Daryn Chalmers darync goter co za enter Product aj Cel 072 601 0433 Tet O21 982 7551 WAAN GON CO 20 ENERGY AND ENVIROFICIENCY Copper in aquaculture M uch has been written about the depletion of natural fish stocks in rivers estuaries and the oceans because of overfishing Aq uaculture an industry that has emerged only in recent decades has become one of the fastest growing sectors of the world food economy Aquaculture already supplies more than half of the world s demand for fish a percentage that is predicted to increase dramatically over the next few decades In March of this year South Africa s Department of Trade and In dustry DTI launched a R800 M incentive programme for marine and freshwater fishing projects aimed at growing the country s fledgling aquaculture industry The Aquaculture Development and Enhancement Programme launched by Trade and Industry Minister Rob Davies intends to stimulate investment in this relatively untapped sector But this industry is not without its challenges According to Cop per Development Association Africa s CDAA centre director Evert Swanepoel the damage inflicted by predatory species can lead to both fish and economic losses The principal predators include aquatic mammals for example otters and seals reptiles like crocodiles in vertebrates such as crabs and
11. Z I T D Z TE nan lt LLI a copper joint Corrosion is another major risk of using other metals and alloys in wiring Commonly called a noble metal copper is not susceptible to galvanic corrosion when connected to non copper metals It effectively resists moisture and humidity driven corrosion that can destroy other wiring systems reducing the risk of power outages system failures and fires Copper wiring typically does not require the use of conductive greases at its connections and torque is not critical The unique combination of strength and ductility allows copper electrical wiring to be bent further twisted tighter and pulled harder all without stretching creeping nicking or breaking Such exceptional strength ensures that copper is the safest and most preferred wiring material available to electricians Avoiding electrical fires Steps can be taken to prevent electrical fires which will help keep buildings safe from this potential threat The first is to avoid over loading the building s electrical circuits This is the easiest step in reducing the risk of electrical fires and it is also one of the most effective Each circuit is only designed to deliver so much electricity and stressing these circuits by drawing too much power can cause the wires to spark or deteriorate The simplest way to avoid overloading circuits is by minimising the amount of electrical equipment plugged into each
12. play feature users can directly integrate and manage the switches in existing SCADA systems without the need for additional configurations and modifications Fast network recovery under 20 ms at a 250 switch load and 10 s fast booting time ensures high network availability and reliability The EDS 405A 408A EIP series and EDS 405A 408A PN series provide advanced efficiency for PLC networks These plug n play Ether Net IP and PROFINET enabled switches can be directly installed into existing PLC networks to reduce deploy ment time Switches can also be visibly managed and monitored on existing SCADA systems The EDS 405A 408A EIP series and EDS 405A 408A PN series redundancy technologies When a connection failure occurs they enable fast network recovery under 20ms with 250 switches loads for high network reliability These switches also come with fast booting time in under 10s to ensure system availability and reduce maintenance costs All of Moxa industrial managed switches support EtherNet IP communication for industrial automation applications including 10GbE industrial core switches ICS series industrial high port density Ethernet switches IKS series EDS 700 series and industrial compact Ethernet switches EDS 600 500 400 series which allow users to choose devices that are best suited for each application requirement with the benefit of seamless interoperability for industrial EtherNet IP systems Enquiries Tel 011
13. programmes to not leave that experience a better informed and a highly impressed person This is the nature of engineering education and a spin off of the desire to scrutinise ourselves and each other and to allow that process to take place South Africa may face many challenges but we continue to graduate world class engineers lan Jandrell Pr Eng BSc Eng GDE PhD FSAIEE SMIEEE Tan ee o lan Jandrell Copper Development Cu Assoctation Africa Copper Allie The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the publisher the editor SAAEs SAEE CESA IESSA or Copper Development Association Africa October 13 Electricity Control i 1 Improved technology and specifications A solution for almost every application Magnetic inductive capacitive photo electric and ultrasonic technologies Photo Electric Laser distance fibre optic contrast retroflex amp background suppression vision sensors amp safety curtains E FNA Fis zm an p en WF UU UL E i l or os F J a Pii E S ee od kr JOHANNESBURG CAPE TOWN PINETOWN GERMISTON RIVERHORSE Lren 1 if UULU Tel 010 202 3300 Tel 021 510 0710 Tel 031 700 4215 Te 011 418 9600 Opening 2013 kk AT Contents Features Analytical instrumentation 4 Preventative role of PAT testing By J Wallace Seaward Group 9 Round UP Cables and accessories 16 Reducing failure in underground
14. three phase LV motors N ewElec s KE KD range of motor protection relays are designed to protect low voltage 3 phase motors with an accent on pumps The relays self record every setting alteration every event 2 000 off in a rotating buffer and the last 60 faults The current value at the time of the fault occurring the minimum voltage present at the time the circuit interruption time as well as date and time of occurrence are also recorded KE KD relays will also record the running hours of the motor the number of starts and trips apparent and real power usage and thermal utilisation of the motor for the last 10 start sequences Protec tion features are embedded into the relay and the free accompanying software permits selective activation of each protection attribute so that the user may choose what is appropriate for the ap plication The relays require no additional current transformers right up to 50 A but are available for use up to 400 A with the use of separately installed interposing current transformers Enquiries Contact Luc Dutrieux Tel 012 327 1729 or email sales newelec co za with a resolution of 0 1 with no need for calculation or interpolation The second instrument in the range the PAM420 provides phase angle measuring functionality identical to that of the PAM410 but adds facilities for two channel voltage current and frequency measurement It also has a high accuracy timing function that c
15. 6 DCS Con troller Faceplate The DCS interface must under no cir cumstances influ ence the safety in tegrity of the SIS The operational state of the SIS needs to be monitored for po tential problems also the interface can perform vital system trouble shooting and maintenance activities such as MOS control A number of display formats exist and a typical SIS interface Graphic example is shown in Figure 7 if selected prevents a spurious trip for a short period and much embarrassment from occurring when a MOS is initiated and the technician starts to work on the wrong transmitter of a voted input Another feature which prevents a spurious trip due to technician error is that the MOS will not be allowed to be removed if the trip input is still in a tripped state or has a fault as this will also trip the SIF Operator Interface In the past little attention has been given to SIS operator in terface and associated DCS Graphic display design although recently this is being acknowledged as a very important aspect of process control and functional safety management The operator SIS display with associated response needs to be well defined as a subsection of the SIS Software SRS All SIS analogue input values together with trip setting values should be transmitted to the DCS over the communications link The trip setting value should be displayed on the associated DCS controller so if a MOS is applied on a 1001 SI
16. Four assignable CT inputs are provided for HBA including three phase Numerous alarms choices include loop break alarm heater break alarm and alarm interlock CT modules and DIO modules may be used to provide expanded options Additional func tions include auto tuning and start up tuning eight memory areas which can be used for ramp soak applications peak current limit Output distribution function feed forward differential setpoint and an auto temperature rise learning function so all channels reach setpoint at the same time eliminating partial burns or thermal swelling Available from Temperature Controls the SRZ is designed for mounting on the inside of an instrument panel to save space and to replace banks of discrete temperature controllers Addition or removal of individual modules can be easily done without cycling power to the unit It is an excellent solution for adding multi zone PID temperature con trol to new equipment or retrofit existing control panels This controller may also be Digital measurement made simple uilt for logging and recording measurement data the Lorenz LCV USB2 digital amplifier from Elexsys allows users to easily monitor and record measurement values from sensors such as load cells force and torque transducers The LCV USB2 is available with strain voltage or current input and includes free PC software for data analysis The Lorenz LCV USB2 digital amplifier may be coupled with virtually an
17. H elukabel has developed a wide range of cables for different applications and diverse operating conditions These range from extreme tempera ture applications to high vibration or corrosive environment applications amongst others Similarly its range of electro magnetic current EMC cables and accessories has also been developed to withstand tough conditions with the addition of advanced EMC shielding to ensure the integrity of high speed data regardless of outside interference According to Helukabel South Africa managing director Doug Gun newegh cable failures are a primary cause of stoppages on plants Likewise EMC interference is a primary cause of corrupted data that can slow a plant down Our carefully researched and developed cable solutions ensure that there is no interference and are also designed to be easier to install and more durable than traditionally used cabling For example our advanced EMC glands do not require the cable to be stripped to connect and are simply clipped on to make a perfect connec tion This eliminates errors on high value installations and once in place provides a strong connection that is completely shielded from the environ ment moisture gases as well as from EMC interference says Doug The EMC glands provide a fast and safe means of connecting cables for plant and machine construction robot construction and automation technology They are quick and simple to assemble and can be mounted clo
18. IEC 61511 2 provides few practical examples Prior to 1998 there were few standards dedicated to functional safety management as applied to programmable instrumentation systems and initially there was a reluctance to use software in safety applications due to issues with reliability and systematic bugs A typical electromechanical trip relay system as shown in Figure 1 was the standard design of the day but although reliable with well defined failure modes it suffered from many drawbacks such as system modification and lack of intelligent communications PROCESS AH THIF SOL ENC TH MECH RESET RELAY CIRCUIT SHOWN ENERGISED HEALTHY Le Figure 1 Trip relay One of the earlier functional safety publications in 1987 was the UK Health amp Safety Executive 2 part guideline on Programmable Elec tronic Systems in Safety Related Applications 3 and in 1989 the German DIN 19250 4 In 1996 ANSI ISA published 84 01 Applica tion of Safety Related Systems for the Process Industries 5 probably driven by their impatience of the time being taken by the IEC body in developing an international approved standard However at the end of 1998 the seven part IEC 61508 1 Functional Safety of Electrical Electronic Programmable Electronic Safety Related Systems started to be released This was followed in 2003 by the three part IEC 61511 2 These IEC standards addressed all aspects of functional sa
19. Local Authority A 8713 to perform periodic inspection and testing because without such ac tions the duty holder will be unable to establish the potential dangers posed by faulty or unsafe appliances soe mm fe u oo emn mw om Existing guidance and practices To clarify the issue of in service periodic inspection and testing of electrical appliances both the Health and Safety Executive and the IET formerly IEE have produced guidance documents based on the advice and experience provided by experts in the various sectors Using a process of risk assessment a duty holder is able to refer to these guidance documents to determine whether inspection and testing is appropriate and if so how often this should be taken stat O Tota Tests Total Fae vraie This rationale is generally regarded as sound and realistic by the majority However there are some situations where misinformation and an over zealous interpretation of the requirements have led to claims of over compliance oo ee oe DOn Total Tats Total aie Fale furthers colg te o a ooo ae o a Who performs PAT An analysis of the data associated with the purchase of PAT in strumentation shows that the type of users is broken down into two groups Around 45 of users are individual organisations or companies who perform their own in house testing and 55 are electrical contractors and specialist PAT companies providing a test service on a sub contract
20. a comprehensive energy solutions offering SUNCybernetics culminates a combination of German quality know how and extensive renewable energy project experience which resides in SUNfarming with the energy management expertise within Energy Cybernetics Clients enjoy maximum ROI on renew able energy investments as sizing can be appropriated according to actual requirements once energy management is under control which means less renewable energy needs to be acquired to supplement or replace grid tied energy This sets the offering of SUNCybernetics apart from it fellow PV solar suppliers as a more holistic approach to renewable energy as part of an overall energy solution is the core of Energy Cybernetics business SUNCybernetics is able to offer competitively priced world leading solar PV typically ranging in size 62 ll Electricity Control October 13 including design feasibility material strength cost and corrosion resistance explains Swanepoel He continues Recently copper al loys have become important netting materials in aquaculture What sets copper alloys apart from the other materials used in fish farm ing is that they have strong structural properties Attacks on nets by predators are not uncommon and to prevent damage to holding nets made from traditional materials additional predator nets often have to be installed Globally in fish farms where fish have been secured in copper cages it has been found that the
21. are also available This is not only significant for cables with larger core cross sections Elaborately shielded data cables frequently also have outer diam eters that push conventional connectors to their limits Particularly in view of modern data transmission the Han Yellock 10 offers another innovation The seal between the bulkhead mounted housing and the switch cabinet device is countersunk into the bulkhead mounted housing The user benefits from the simplified assembly the seal does not have to be held separately Once the bulkhead mounted housing has been screwed to the panel and held securely by four screws there is a direct electrical connection between the connector and the panel This guarantees good EMC properties In keeping with the demand for such properties the hood slides over the bulkhead mounted housing during the insertion process This nesting supplies a further aspect for good EMC properties Enquiries Errol Mann Tel 011 575 0017 or email errol mann HARTING com en xx N g fed NN S WNN SS ORL YE RO AX Test and inspection products FL has appointed Comtest Technologies as its sole distributor in South Africa and selected countries in southern Africa for its test and inspection products AFL manufactures engineers and installs the fibre optic products and equipment that communications providers need to provide quad play solutions to their cus tomers AFLs test and inspection products cons
22. around South Africa make use of conventional centrifugal end suction type pumps to circu late water through their production cooling systems Often these pumps are either running unnecessarily at full soeed while the production plant is operating well under maximum production capac ity or regulating valves are employed to throttle back the system s Operating pressure in an oversized pumping system resulting in a huge wastage of power consumed By replacing conventional ac motor starter equipment with vari able speed drives VSDs and a simple control system it may well be possible to unlock substantial energy savings in the production plant s energy bill End suction centrifugal pumps deliver a fixed performance curve at a constant operating speed when fitted with a specific impeller diameter An example of this is shown in a typical pump curve as illustrated in Figure 1 where the pump is operating at a constant speed of 2 900 RPM using a normal 2 pole motor at standard 50 Hz frequency and fitted with a 259 mm impeller Performance H ASE ETA 2 200 at 2900 RPM with Mmm imprim Peron Prag mn amar Day Pran 10 i aj Bi a 4 a d a0 4 a an E pe E p i en iwi 4 i 20 4 Pan TE en T L o 4 fi Sa Hi iz Figure 1 By altering the pump s motor speed it is possible to change this performance curve and thus meet the required system s operating pressure or flow Figures 2 and 3show how the same pump s perfor mance
23. associated communications both internal and external Where a physically separate SIS logic solver is used with a dedicated basic process control system such as a DCS one should not underestimate the amount of inter communications data Hide PUTS Hide CAL z ol al Fl Pe h FY bees PERSE a Er E EaR OOS PERSEE md 7 pF r SS Figure 3 Typical SIF schematic ANSI American National Standards Institute DCS Distribution Control System DIN Deutsches Institut f r Normung eV German Institute for Standardisation ESD Electrostatic Discharge FAT Factory Appliance Testing FB Function Block FMC Fixed Mobile Convergence I O Input Output IEC International Electrotechnical Commission ISA International Standards Authority LVL limited variability language MOC Management of change MOS Maintenance override switch OOS Operational override switch SIF Safety Integrity Function SIL Safety Integrity Level SIS Safety Integrity System SRS Safety Requirements Specification Abbreviations required and the integration testing time this can be up to double that of a combined DCS SIS equipment package The software SRS as aminimum needs to cover the following functions as applicable e How a safe process state is achieved and maintained e Safety related communications e Capacity and response ti
24. automatic restore in the event of a fault guarantee high system availability and data security Up to five monitors can be connected for control centres and multi monitoring applications The new industrial PC is particularly suitable for use as a compact workstation or server for the fast acquisition and processing of large data volumes for example in industrial image processing and process visualisation The new rack PC Simatic IPC547E is compatible with its predecessor model in terms of installation interfacing and software The minimal housing depth of 446 mm allows for space saving installation in 19 inch control cabinets with depths from 500 millimetres A version with a housing depth of 356 mm will be available soon for control cabinets from 400 mm Enquiries Keshin Govender Email Keshin govender siemens com October 13 Electricity Control I 67 St John s College first in 2013 Siemens Junior Cyber Junk Yard Challenge St John s College Johannesburg received top honours on Tuesday 10 September 2013 in the final round of one of South Africa s most popular science and engineering competitions the Siemens Junior Cyber Junk Yard Challenge Learners were required to design build and programme a fully func tional home energy management system They had to implement principles of load balancing power usage calculations basic logic control and cost management St John s College was one of five limi s
25. backfill material thermal resistivity The purpose of installing backfill around the cable is to help cable heat dissipation Good cable backfill material should comprise well graded particles and have stable low thermal resistivity when it loses its moisture content and at fully dried state its thermal resistivity can be expected not to exceed 1 2 Km W Unfortunately an inappropriate material has been used as cable backfill in Figure 2 as the fine sand contains the opposite physical and thermal properties of a suitable cable backfill It was found that the cable backfill thermal resistivity varied from 3 0 to 7 0 Km W thus exposing the cable to the risk of overheating Figure 3 Mutual heating in multiple cables in parallel A feeder cable connecting two substations is always joined by other feeder cables at various locations along its route Due to space limitation and the number of cables involved the location where the multiple parallel cables share the trench can be a hotspot In these hot spots a PILC cable usually will suffer more derat ing if it has XLPE neighbouring cables as the maximum operating temperature is usually limited to 70 C at the conductor compared with an operating temperature of 90 C for XLPE cable Cable asset management The goal for utility cable asset management is to achieve highly reliable performance while keeping the cables in service as long as possible This can only be achiev
26. basis Further investigation of the differ Table 1 Within different sectors the results also confirmed the presence of different levels of risk associated with the type of equipment being used their patterns of use and the working environment actual company and organisation names have been withheld 4 l Electricity Control October 13 e In service testing of portable electric devices is important e Unsafe electric devices pose many risks e Often equipment is not tested at all These results see Table 1 not only demonstrate the value of the inspection and test process but also confirm that the general advice and guidance provided by the IEE Code of Practice is an appropriate and realistic approach to this subject Nature of faults Examination of the reasons for test failure show that there was a high proportion which failed visual inspection due to defects in the cable appliance enclosure or the mains plug However approximately a third of those items which failed had defective protective conductors or insulation and these faults could only be detected by carrying out specialist electrical testing or check ing using an appropriate test instrument Initial and repeat inspections The nature of portable appliance inspection and testing regimes means that the number of failed appliances recorded is always likely to be higher during an initial test programme simply because items may have been in use for an ext
27. can handle and a certified electrician must be called to inspect the wiring Older homes may contain aluminium wiring which poses a more significant risk of degrading and causing fires than copper wiring It is essential to insist on copper wiring for all electrical needs when wiring or rewiring buildings Having an electrician replace all or most of a building s wiring can be a costly upgrade but will provide a virtual guarantee against electrical fires for decades Conclusion Finally it is critical that sub standard imports are avoided and that only SABS compliant electrical components and appliances are installed and used Reference 1 SABS 0400 Part T 1990 Fire protection and fire installation About the Copper Development Association Africa The Copper Development Association Africa CDAA has represented the local copper industry in southern Africa since 1962 and now promotes copper usage throughout Africa The CDAA s head office is based in Johannesburg and on behalf of its members the organisation is committed to promoting and expanding the use of copper and copper alloys throughout Africa Visit www copperalliance org za Evert Swanepoel is centre director for the Copper Develop ment Association Africa CDAA responsible for promoting and expanding the use of copper in Africa His vast experi ence In managing large businesses has provided him with the skill and knowledge to promote both current and new cop
28. con nection of all live systems via lightning current arresters Lightning equipotential bonding should be performed preferably near the en trance of the structure in order to prevent partial lightning currents from penetrating the building Surge protection measures in the PV array In order to reduce the load on the isolation inside the solar modules ata lightning strike into the isolated air termination system thermally monitored surge protective devices are installed in a generator junc tion box as loosely as possible to the PV generator On the dc side a surge protective device is installed in each generator junction box The surge protective devices in the genera tor junction boxes assume the protection for the PV modules locally and ensure that no spark overs caused by conducted or field related interferences come up at the PV modules e PV systems are being deployed rapidly in South Africa e PV systems require lightning protection e Comprehensive solutions are required for the protection of PV systems 42 ll Electricity Control October 13 Surge protection measures for IT systems The operation building provides a remote diagnostics system which is used for the quick and easy function check of the PV systems permitting the operator to recognise and remedy any malfunctions at an early stage The remote supervisory control system provides the performance data of the PV generator constantly in order to optimise
29. curve changes with a change in motor speed The same flow is capable of being delivered at the reduced speed yet the system s operating pressure is reduced accordingly 58 Itt Electricity Control October 13 Feriae H KSA ETA 30 200 ad 2407 APM with 209mm impel ber adr Pod Baden Ace Girmi E es 5 x a ge laf 5 i a fed ats io s i a FEEN PE EET a g w 0 i Bf iia ii i 100 Beta p Wei Performance of KSB ETA Mirit al 2308 RPM with Sem impaier Parma Saar Cures Gay Park B r i r rre So dj 4 ry Pees ir Figures 2 and 3 The important factor to note is that that the power consumed by the pump has reduced substantially with the reduction in motor speed as is evident in the red curves as shown in Figures 2 and 3 This principle of operation is known as the Affinity Law is briefly described as follows Laws of Affinity with a constant impeller diameter Change in flow rate proportional to change in impeller speed Change in head proportional to the square of change in impeller speed Change in kilowatt proportional to the cube of change in impeller speed By providing real time system pressure feedback to a VSD you are able to make use of a PID proportional integral derivative controller control loop This allows the pump s motors speed to be regulated based on the actual pressure in the system versus that which is re quired refere
30. d gt Ref te A 9 5 Bloemfontein ne Tel 051011 0158 Fax 086 657 9836 ven ow meam e de products e online m 3 www rectifier co za www solar solutions co za www power solutions co za ROUND UP Machine operation with smart phone convenience ox of Germany s most renowned controls and automation technology companies Schleicher Electronic is revo lutionising the operation of machine tools handling devices and industrial robots with the ProNumeric OP 50 M hand held operating device This is the first time that a machine can be controlled with smart phone convenience We are excited about being able to offer this game changing operating device to our customers says Karin Visser managing di rector of Johannesburg based Anglo Allied Engineering the sole supplier of Schleicher control devices in South Africa The large touch display of the handy device visualises the individual user inter face which is communicated by the device controller via a web browser Traditional op erating elements such as the high resolution hand wheel that eases real time interaction between the operator and the controller are provided at the same time Best of all and unique at that compared to conventional operating devices the ProNumeric OP 50 M not only enables optimised handling but also supports problem free interfacing with the leading machine networks EtherCAT and sercos Ill A ProfiNet version is c
31. distances Typical applications are e Manufacturing repair and maintenance of motors pumps with data logging e Electrical HVAC installation repair and maintenance of panels fuses circuit breakers compressors ducts and re mote access vents e Power utility measurement of nodes between power transmission and dis tribution e Metals maintenance and quality control Miniature sensor for accurate distance measurement aumer has made yet another move towards miniaturisation with the IWFM 05U9701 S05 inductive linear sensor Thanks to its unique com pact design 5 x 5 x 32 mm it can be installed in the most confined spaces The IWFM 05U9701 S05 is the smallest rectangular inductive sensor with linear output measurement available on the market Taken together with its cylindrical counterpart the IWRM 04 Baumer now has the smallest distance measuring inductive sensors in the world for both types The small size of the sensor makes it possible to measure distances in applications that has not been possible until now That means anywhere where a sensor with a cylindrical housing would be too long At the same time this rectangular baby version gives an impressive performance With a high resolution of 1 micron at a measuring distance of 1 millimetre very small movements can be measured even at different temperatures With a response time of only 0 5 milliseconds measurements can be made in very fast applica tion
32. flow is diverted to the low wine and feints receiver The distillation carries on until the spirit strength reaches approximately 1 ABV at this point the still is switched off Traditionally the samples are measured in the spirit safe by turn ing a control handle on the front of the safe which opens an internal valve and fills a glass test tube with liquid The glass tube contains a hydrometer and thermometer which are read by the operator The alcohol measurement is corrected back to 20 C using alcohol tables The safe contains two hydrometers for each spirit still and one for the wash still The Canongate DensiCheck TX can be used in conjunction with a control system to ensure consistent and efficient operation of both spirit and wash stills The system uses high frequency ultrasonics and temperature to calculate the concentration of the liquid The instrument is connected via a flange into a flooded section of the 30 ll Electricity Control October 13 distillate pipeline The stainless steel sensing element has a large measurement window and is unlikely to be blocked with verdigris deposits from the still or condenser The strength indication from the instrument is typically read by the distillery s control system PLC using the Modbus serial communications link The control system will either divert the liquid flow automatically by using a combination of valves or by turning the spout in the spirit safe Conclusion Th
33. in every sector e Integrated Microsoft SOL server for data archiving and user developed databases e High performance long term archive SIMATIC Process Historian e Plant transparency with Plant Intelligence e SIMATIC Information Server for comprehensive web based analyses and reports e Efficient and user friendly engineering and operation e Full scalability including web solutions centralised historians and MES systems e Maximum availability and security e Open standards for easy integration e Integral part of Totally Integrated Automation SIMATIC Process Historian The historian functionality of WinCC is built into each server archiv ing data into the built in MS SQL Server Historical data from various WinCC servers can optionally be forwarded to a central historian to ease data access and extreme long term storage requirements SIMATIC Process Historian acquires and archives data from any number of lower level WinCC systems in real time It is scalable and can be adapted to the required data volume at any time without interrupting production This supports rapid decisions on the basis of secure data and is therefore the first step to greater productivity Highlights e Plant wide long term archive for any number of WinCC systems e Archiving of process values and messages in real time e Easy step by step configuration COVER STORY SEAS FEATURES Analytical instrumentation e Cables and accessories e Control
34. or emailmike oenenterprises co za ROUND UP eee Pressure reduction and noise control in process plant team is normally produced in industrial boilers at Se pressures and temperatures since in this su perheated condition it carries more energy and results in more efficient production of power in the turbine This high pressure also allows the steam to be transported around the plant in smaller lines with less heat loss For use in a process plant both the pressure and the tem perature have to be reduced A letdown station solves this problem It comprises a pressure reducing valve and the temperature reducing apparatus The solution is to use a valve with a special trim that is engineered to solve the complex requirement of both pressure reduc tion and noise control A PSV Mitech energy dissipating disk stack that fits into the company s range of standard Globe valves is one of the best methods to achieve this The pressure is dropped across many stages The disk stack combines the concept of many restrictions in series along each passageway with multiple paths in parallel several passageways in each disk and many disks in a stack This enables the valve to handle low flow rates as well as the maximum flows One or more diffuser plates may be installed downstream of the valve to create back pressure to enable a smaller valve to be used Reducing the pressure of the superheated steam does very little to reduce the temp
35. safety professionals Conclusion There is indisputable evidence that the periodic in service inspection and testing of portable electrical equipment saves lives and prevents fires that may otherwise have caused injuries loss of life and serious damage to work premises In this respect the Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 HSE Memorandum of Guidance and the IEE Code of Practice provide sound advice based on industry experience and quantifiable evidence The process of electrical inspection and testing has therefore made a significant contribution to improving and maintaining safety in the workplace although it is clear that there is a continuing need to both educate the contractors who provide this service and better inform those organisations who carry out inspection and testing on their own behalf Clearly a problem rests with the actions of unethical contractors and in this respect the industry needs to consider how higher levels of responsibility and professionalism among PAT contractors can be encouraged This is an area where a number of the electrical trade organisations could play a significant role in helping to raise standards within the industry Energy management has never been easier Smart Panel is simple to install and helps deliver the real savings your customers demand Today efficient energy use is a must Increasingly energy conscious M E AS R E citizens are seeking cost effective user friendly and requilsto
36. systems and automation e Earthing and lightning protection Pressure and level measurement 5 e Energy and enviroFiciency SIMATIC Wintec The Sf ded niseerd SL AA plee le Marans Tar e Retrospective scalability without interrupting production e Easy access to historical data through standard interfaces SIMATIC Information Server The SIMATIC Information Server is the easy way to create and man age reports and analyses and make them available via web based interfaces Based on the Microsoft Reporting Services transparent access to all data archived in WinCC or SIMATIC Process Historian is possible without the need for any programming knowledge Depend ing on the task management quality assurance service the relevant plant metrics can be summarised in target group specific reports and evaluations It is also possible to carry out evaluations in the familiar Microsoft Office environment in Word and Excel using add ons The SIMATIC Information Server can be implemented independently of the SIMATIC Process Historian Highlights e Easily generated reports based on Microsoft SOL Reporting Services e Web based management and data provision e Transparent access to all historical plant data WinCC Archive and SIMATIC Process Historian e Integration in MS Word and Excel e Automatic report distribution by email e Easily combine standard SCADA type data trends and alarms with custom data from user defined databases implemented on
37. than copper electrical wiring From generators and motors to electric lights copper is recognised as the industry standard and is the only wiring mate rial to be approved by all electrical codes worldwide It is resilient reliable and most importantly safe Copper electrical wiring is used commercially and residentially because it is easy to work with and can be easily securely and safely connected to outlets and other electrical equipment It requires less maintenance and its connections are much less likely to loosen and corrode over time It is these advantages not to mention copper s su perior conductivity that make this metal the preferred choice among professional contractors working on a building s wiring systems Electrical wiring is everywhere nestled just behind every wall of your home or office It is just not worth the risk to rely on non copper wiring materials that can corrode or give under pressure It is hard to find a material better suited than copper to prevent electrical fires and keep building occupants safe Copper wiring is known for withstanding an overload better than other materials because of its significantly higher melting point 1 984 F or 1 084 C compared with aluminium s melting point of 1 221 F or 661 C Additionally repeated cycling is less likely to loosen October 13 Electricity Control I 39 EARTHING AND LIGHTNING PROTECTION Z Ke LLJ aan am de
38. the embedded MS SOL Server WinCC in the South African context The winning combination of WinCC together with the SIMATIC 7 controller has been applied to all fields in the South African automa tion industry Today this powerful combination can be found in the local mining automotive food amp beverage building automation most of the major airfields and airports manufacturing energy nuclear pharmaceutical harbours and materials management sec tors to name a few Enquiries Keshin Govender Email keshin govender siemens com October 13 Electricity Control I 31 CONTROL SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION ROUND UP Full range photoelectric sensors and new security curtains CDC Dynamics sole distributors of the Datalogic product range of sensors and safety products in South Africa and Africa has introduced their full range of safety light curtains and the new 15 line of Universal photoelectric sensors Datalogic offers a complete line of type 2 and type 4 safety light curtains for machine safeguarding and access control in dangerous areas with basic and advanced functions such as integrated muting override blanking cascadable configurable models The new range of safety light curtains is a fully integrated series that perfectly combines the SAFEasy concept with applicative flex ibility reliability and performance Offering the totally zero dead zone as a distinctive characteristic of all the models from 300 mm
39. the output of the PV system Measurements of wind velocity module temperature and ambient temperature are performed via external sensors at the PV system and can be read directly from the acquisition unit The data acquisition unit provides an Ethernet interface which a PC or modems are connected to for remote enquiry and maintenance Thus the service engineers can determine the cause of a malfunction by tele diagnosis and then directly eliminate it Conclusion In order to provide a reliable trouble free and continuous transmission of the measured data to the measuring unit it is necessary to lead the sensor cables entering the building via surge protective devices When choosing the protective devices it has to be ensured that the measurements cannot be impaired Safety in the forwarding of the measured data via the telecom munication network per ISDN modem must be given as well in order to provide a continuous monitoring and optimisation of the perfor mance of the installation Alexis Barwise is the managing director of DEHN PRO TECTION SOUTH AFRICA a subsidiary of DEHN SOHNE GmbH Co KG Prior to spearheading this new operation in Johannesburg he filled the role as key vertical account manager at Schneider Electric Barwise has an in depth knowledge of electrical design and systems engineering and project management in the engineering procurement construction and infor mation technology fields He holds a Bachelors Degr
40. with the objective of moving the project into front end engineering design FEED in 2014 The project is likely to include a subsea gathering system an offshore process ing facility a subsea pipeline approximately 400 km in length and an onshore plant Sunbird Energy executed an agreement to acquire a 76 stake in the Ibhubesi gas field in 2012 The Ibhubesi gas project has multiple development opportunities to supply the high value South African energy market Sunbird s joint venture partner in the project is PetroSA 24 the national oil company of South Africa Enquiries Email bobbie ireland woodgroup com Medupi boiler supports steel the show The main frame and boiler grid supports project at Medupi Power Station is the Mining and Industrial cat egory winner as well as overall winner for Steel Awards 2013 The judges said The boiler support structures re ally exhibit excellence in the use of structural steel It is a classic heavy engineering project of spectacular propor tions It is heavy engineering at its best The structures look so clean and simple especially before all the rest of the steelwork platforms boiler casings and piping bundles and other equipment enclose them These four legged braced monsters soar 105 metres into the sky Enquiries Renee Pretorius Tel 726 6111 or email info saisc co za October 13 Electricity Control 65 Light 04 Current amp Product News Partnership b
41. 11 262 806 infa za endress com www Za endress cam This amazing training opportunity will kick off at the world renowned Hannover Messe previously known as Interkama The nonstop learning and networking continues south visiting various Endress Hauser production centres in Germany France and Switzerland ending at Base University Topics of discussion will include nanotechnology developments in liquid and solid level measurement various flow principles fieldbus technology as well as advances in analytical sensors and transmitters Date 7 April to I7 April 2014 including travel ttime Register For more information and to register visit Peas CTI Book your place today to take advantage of this beneficial learning and networking experience of a life time Branches Johannesburg Cape Town Durban eMalahleni Part Elizabeth Satellite offices Klerksdorp Northern Kwa Zulu Natal Pretoria Richards Hay Sasolburg ed ed Endress Hauser 44 People for Process Automation Gissipatian INNOVATIVE amp COMPACT Unique identification tag Electromagnetic coils for an aes raping A silver movable copper contact to reduce Dual DIN clips loensure amp greater insulation flexibility Arc chute chamber with 14 dejon splitter plates to reduce specific power Double connection b inlets for wiring with A wire of lugs h A EI aye a Sliding plastic insulation a J sheath fo
42. 30 230VAC 90 selected by setting gt TN 3000 212B TN 3000 224B SO button S W dn TN 3000 248B 90 www rectifier co za www solar solutions co za www power solutions co za Fe En E TAT SN 7 wie he Be A te et www rectifier co za www solar solutions co za www power solutions co za EP P a The Steca AJ inverter series stands out with its wide range of available power classes and DC input voltages This enables the optimal inverter to be used for any application 275 12 350 24 400 48 700 48 1000 12 2100 12 2400 24 Characterisation of the operating performance 2 000 VA 2 000 VA 200 VA 300 VA 300 VA 500 VA 800 VA power Battery voltage 10 5 V 16 V 21V 32V 42V 64V 42V 64V 10 5V 16V 10 5V 16V 21V 32V Also Available Cip6s Steca PLI 300 Steca SOLARIX PI Steca XPC Steca XPC Steca XPC Steca XPC 300W 550 4400W 1400 2200W 1000 12 600W 1500 3600W 3000 72 000W 12V 12 24V 12 24 48V 12 24 48V 12 24 48V 12 24 48V AA _ 19 Telecom Back up Inverters amp we ELTEK Static Transfer Switch wi STS118 Static STS207 Static Switch IBF DC AC INV Inverter mn UPC4 Master 19 1U Switch 1 4x19 2U Compact design and simple Extensive battery Hot plug in design CAN Bus interface installation management with backplane Hot plug in design with House up to 3 Inverter DIN Rail mounting connection backplane connection modules NEW NEW
43. 704 sales tempcon co za OVER 60 YEARS IN THE PROCESS MEASUREMENT amp CONTROL INDUSTRY ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ROUND UP New ultra compact multi function touch screen oscilloscope est Instruments Africa TIA has intro duced the brand new simple to handle compact and lightweight METRIX OX 6000 Il models which combine the functions of a digital oscilloscope a multimeter a recorder and an FFT harmonic analyser With only 32 keys for direct access to the different modes and parameters a universal Windows like menu is available in five languages The keyboard on the front panel can be used for selection or immediate adjustments time base printing etc The touch screen and magnetic stylus allows users to modify set tings directly on the screen using graphic elements that are moveable such as the position of the traces the trigger level the cursors or the zoom In performance terms the OX 6000 II models offer fast sampling and high resolution with their 10 bit 1 GS s converter 50 GS s sampling on periodic signals and 2 ns transient capture function to avoid undersampling In oscilloscope mode the OX 6000 II models offer a wide range of triggering possibilities edge pulse width delay count Equipped with two 4 000 count TRMS mul timeters the OX 6000 II models can be used for traditional voltage resistance continuity capacitance and frequency mea
44. 781 0777 or email info rjconnect ei Lee 6 ANT PEREN support Moxa s Turbo Ring and Turbo Chain network co za Decentralised drive system reduces CO footprint According to Bailey SEW Eurodrive delivered the Movigear drive solution on time and within budget and has provided excellent after sales service and technical support Enquiries Rene Rose Tel 011 248 7131 or email rrose sew co za bes glass bottle manufacturer Consol has managed to signifi cantly reduce its CO footprint at its flint glass manufacturing plant in Nigel Gauteng by adopting the Movi gear decentralised drive system developed and by supplied by specialist drive engineering company SEW Eurodrive The glass manufacturing process requires a considerable amount of energy and Consol which has an estimated capacity to produce more than one million glass containers per year introduced a number of environmentally friendly measures in its production process in 2011 to reduce its power consumption and the Movigear drive system is among these energy saving solutions The SEW Eurodrive Movigear mechatronic drive system offers ad vantages over traditional drive solutions as it combines the gear unit motor and drive electronics into one single housing The integration and coordination of these drive components leads to an extended and reliable service life Consol manufacturing services manager Grant Bailey explains that the Movigear drive
45. About the author ROUND UP Counters with no moving parts A a long term user of mechanical sensors such as positive dis placement meters or turbines for flowmetering applications who better than you knows the serious disadvantages of these moving parts they cause drift overtime they are subject to wear and there fore require all too frequent maintenance in order to avoid the risk of breakdown even the filters require attention Endress Hauser can assist to reduce periodic maintenance of your instrumentation without influencing process availability The solution is to use counters with no moving parts offering better performance and reducing the Total Cost of Ownership TCO compared to their mechanical counterparts How would you like a sensor that you could easily install in your existing application that would offer reliable event diagnosis according to NAMUR This Coriolis flowmeter simultaneously measures mass volume density and temperature you do not need to combine several device technologies Measuring either volume or direct mass the device offers linear accuracy and higher repeatability Hydraulic losses are reduced The high resonance frequency enables total immunity to pro cess vibrations The detection of build up increases process reliability The measuring principle is completely applicable to homogeneous single phase fluids viscosity lt 20000cP solutions that include dis solved substances and batch applicat
46. Business School This tertiary education stood him in good stead for the continued devel opment and success of the multinational and JSE listed Spescom Group which he founded in 1977 Prior to the founding of Spescom Tony was an executive director at Hubert Davies Electrical Engineering from 1974 to 1977 During the period 1988 to 1992 Tony served as vice president of the Electronics Industry Federation From 2001 to 2007 he served on the Presidential National Commission for Information and Development as well as Public Administration and Defence 50 years in business o mark the celebration of its 50 anniversary this year ACTOM Power Transformers held a cocktail party at its Wadeville Germiston premises on 28 August to which it CIE ml FATA AS In 1997 Tony was nominated Lebanese World Businessman of the year by the Lebanese Cultural Union OnTony s retirement after 30 years at the helm of Spescom this popular and highly respected en trepreneur reminded an interviewer that the group had developed and patented many technologies over the years including tokenless prepaid metering a technology that is now successfully marketed internationally But during the latter years of his leadership as Executive Chairman and Group CEO Tony admitted that he found particularly over those last few years that the added administration and red tape required by more and more strict corporate governance rules made it much more difficult to re
47. F ie no safety protection available the pre trip alarm automatically gets a e Software is ubiquitous in modern control systems e Plant safety can be affected by software on the plant e Safety requirement specifications can be implemented but guidelines must be followed In 1 a k a note ake note Rittal The System Faster better worldwide RidPower Distribution and Motor Control Solutions IEC 60439 1 and IEC 61439 1 2 Compliant CONTROL SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION pee DG POMER BUPFLY FAULT Toh MAIN GAS MAM RIDE A0 SUPPLY LINE ae OK i HBF XALL 10 Taj HOSA Hi H TELKANH 102 pecs TE Mod En REN ED Tat ene GOT Corian rek eres nce on eet ae ry Prenen men i5 TAR TE Deef sk H 1B PKALL MOS T WA Pa H IFALL TIHTI MS eo TIE SSS dend i Figure 7 Typical DCS SIS display The basic display page takes the form of a flat cause and effect dia gram which helps the operator to clearly understand the SIS Group I O functional relationship At the top of the page is some general information and common SIS alarms The display is divided into the different unit ESD or SIS Groups and the Groups contain the applicable SIF information split into the five sections The first on the left gives the SIS Group identification followed by the applicable Permissives and then we have the functional Trip Inputs thi
48. Facek Dok s data ol ter to power the ne okt t genera ation i of social nets cing cn E teN Fowerng Business Worldwide eaton eu followthecharge m8 CONTROL SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION In whisky production it is crucial that spirit cuts are done at the correct strength An instrument has been developed that provides accurate and consistent process control points to ensure the quality of the spirit The instrument can be used in conjunction with a control system to ensure efficient operation of spirit and wash stills IEZ note Measuring malt spirit strength By N Moffat Rototherm Canongate Technology One of the crucial points in the production of malt whisky is ensuring the spirit cuts are done at the correct strength Since controls were introduced to discourage the production of illicit spirit in 1823 this has been done using a combination of hydrometers and thermometers in a spirit safe he first liquid to emerge from the spirit condenser is known as foreshots which contains undesirable methanol or other unwanted low molecular weight compounds Once the spirit strength reaches the predetermined strength typically 72 74 ABV the liquid flow is diverted from the foreshots to the spirit receiver The spirit runs to the spirit receiver until the strength drops below a typical value of 62 64 ABV the precise switch point will vary depending on the distillery Once this switch point has been reached the liquid
49. KQ sensor from ifm electronic allows easy parameter setting via lO Link before installation The sensors are ideal for position and level detection and the IO Link allows versatile data processing The sensor features a clearly visible display of the switching status with a freely selectable NO NC function Mounting adapters as well as cable ties guarantee easy and fast installation Capacitive sensors detect bulk materials or liquids through non me tallic vessel walls Typical applications for the detection of these prod ucts can be found in the semiconductor paper and wood industries The parameters can either be set via the buttons on the sensor or via the IO Link interface This can be done using a USB interface or a memory plug A standard M12 cable transmits process data param eters and diagnostic information to a connected IO Link master When IO Link is not in use the sensor works with one switching output ifm s existing capaci tive sensor range was enhanced with the l0 Linkfeature and data as well as the order numbers remain the same Enquiries Chris Cronje Tel 012 450 0370 or email chris cronje ifm com WIKA Instruments Pty Ltd PO Box 75225 Gardenview 2047 Tel 011 621 0000 Fax 011 621 0060 sales wika co za Modular sweep angle control valves Geen Angle Control valves from PSV Mitech are ideally configured for service with highly erosive liquids where pressures and or temperatures are too hig
50. MA S oc Lj GROUP PQZIP Compression Technology POZIP allows The unique i patented POZIP storage of compression technology complete and enables you to store up to precise data 1000 fimes more information over extended Hian typical file formats periods of tine x En et an eto ee e ls pes ln seen ean Sele ESPEC T G4K Fixed amp Portable Q hard act to follow The Future of Power Quality in High Definition Continuous Waveform Recordings No Missed Events Superior Accuracy Quick and Simple Setup hreshold Free Setup Remote Connectivity The innovative design of the G4400 BLACKBOX device series is a technological breakthrough providing the perfect PQ Analysis solution It s enhanced capabilities are uniquely adaptable to address the individual needs and requirements for almost any business and or application ay ecpec D hr ESP EC in Southem Africa 29 Hopson Avenue Davenport 4000 a fefephane 03T 201 7191 3 Fax 085 031 201 7191 email als pec cfimpac clenar Co Za pe Energy AG vative Power Quality Solutions mn www impactenergy co za
51. ND UP Level control in the wood chip silo for cellulose production M onitoring and control of levels are part of all production industries whether the product being monitored is a liquid or a solid The pulp industry is no exception and is one of the many industries to which Temperature transmitter with display and lO link he newTD temperature transmitter from ifm electronic is the first transmitter with display and IO Link for food applications With its bright 4 digit LED display for optimum readability the transmitter has a fast response time ofT05 09 1 3 s and is available in various probe lengths from 30 to150 mm The integrated clamp and G1 2 process adapters allow quick and VEGA a leading manufacturer of level instru mentation supplies precise and innovative measuring sensors Wood chips are the raw material for pro ducing cellulose and mechanical pulp Made from debarked logs they are shredded on chippers or bought in as sawmill waste The chips are fed via conveyor belts into silos up to 25 m high After that they are sorted by size and quality and transported to the pulp digester or the TMP Thermo Mechanical Pulp system The wood chip silos are filled and emptied in batch quantities which create material cones large amounts of dust and bridges that can collapse during emptying The optimal solution for level measure ment is the radar sensor VEGAPULS 68 designed for continuous measurement of bulk s
52. O ATTEND REGISTER NOW AND SAVE WITH THE EARLY BIRD POWER GEN Africa co located with DistribuTECH Africa will once again provide comprehensive coverage of the power needs resources and issues facing the electricity generation industries across sub Saharan Africa A three day event POWER GEN Africa serves the industry s information and networking needs with a dedicated trade show floor featuring the prime movers in the conventional power and renewable energy industries Additionally a multi track conference covering strategic technical and renewable topics will feature commercial and practical solutions and experiences for power industry businesses POWER GEN Africa has quickly established itself as sub Saharan Africa s premier and leading event dedicated to the power generation industry focusing on the current and future trends as well as the needs and resources within this region of the world Nowhere else provides you with the opportunity to reach and meet over 2 000 high level industry professionals in one place allowing networking business and sales opportunities with key industry buyers and influencers from around the continent MAKE SURE YOU DO NOT MISS OUT ON AFRICA S PREMIER POWER EVENT SAVE OVER 10 WITH OUR EARLY BIRD OFFER BY REGISTERING BEFORE 18 FEBRUARY 2014 For exhibition and sponsorship opportunities contact Leon Stone Exhibition Sales International Phone 44 0 1992 654 671 Email leons pennwell com
53. Tel 011 254 6400 or email belinda aslett schneider electric com POWER GEN Africa and DistribuTECH March 2014 The co located POWER GEN Africa and DistribuTECH Africa exhibition and con ferences will take place from 17 19 March 2014 at the Cape Town International Convention Centre South Africa Free seats PennWell Corporation the organiser of these events is offering two free three day conference seats at both POWER GEN AFRICA and DistribuTECH Africa 2014 For updated news and opportunities in Africa s energy and distribution sectors and to stand a chance to receive one of the FREE three day conference seats Like the POWER GEN Africa and DistribuTECH Africa Facebook pages by 15 October 2013 and email your name to Stephanie tradeprojects co za Visit www powergenafrica com and www distributechafrica com for more information Fit for a King he DuraLabel 9000 label and sign printer in conjunction with the MPS 150T print station were crowned the 2013 winner of the American New Equipment Digest King Awards in the packaging equipment and supplies category The King Awards competition named after long time chief editor Bob King was established to honour superior industrial product innovations The print and digital readers of the New Equipment Digest determine the winners by voting for the best products in 10 specific industrial categories More than 2 100 votes were cast The readers were proud to bestow these awar
54. act quickly to market conditions and hindered his entrepreneurial expertise but in his words it s all been a great journey He was MSAIEE until the time he resigned from Spescom On his retirement to Cape Town Tony established a new Farah investment company New Investment Creation This new entrepreneurship involved advising and investing in new innovative ventures as well as a host of financial marketing strategic planning and business advice activities Finally he was investor and advisor on a new venture at Zulustar a new Farah family growth company the activities of which became very close to his heart The late Tony Farah is survived by Judy five adult children and families Tony s legacy and spirit lives on By Ken Baker CompSAIEE HonFSAIMC LtCdr SANR Rtd invited a number of its customers including Eskom municipalities consulting engineering companies and project management contractors Other guests who attended the function included Willi Felber of Felber Engineering of Austria an internationally renowned company of power transformer design consultants that ACTOM Power Transformers uses regularly to assist with designing new products as well as Ben Jansen a high voltage test expert who is a director of an international electrical and industrial management consultancy and assists in the design of ACTOM Power Transformers advanced test facilities The 50 anniversary function coincided with the official op
55. al and renewable topics will feature commercial and practical solutions including case studies for power industry businesses Enquiries Visit www powergenafrica com INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Aberdare Cables ACDC Dynamics Datalogic ACDC Dynamics Gewiss Applied Energy Solutions Beckhoff CBI electric african cables Countapulse Controls Cummins Power Generation Current Automation Denver Technical Products Eaton GmBH Eaton South Africa Impact Energy Instrotech Krohne LAPP Group Marthinusen amp Coutts i A ZEN p WE E men Ee el Em kk tt add led S FA a gt PrE Be Fd TF FT IVANA k a A L3 in oT Trei Data amp Bus copper and fibre Control cables Instrumentation cables Power cables Thermocouple cables We supply products in full compliance with our customers technical specifications to meet applications whenever durability quality and reliability are mandatory KNOW HOW and INNOVATION are our drivers to move from engineering to the cable CUSTOMERS and our TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT create solutions together Our LABORATORY CENTRE executes tests during every step of the production process We can design and manufacture the AL HDPE PA technology as an alternative to the lead jacket cable We develop cables of high RELIABILITY QUALITY and DURABILITY We are able to manufacture tailor made cables in SHORT LENGTHS and in a very SHORT TIME LA
56. al pressure gauge Figure 4 Analogue pressure gauge Abbreviations e Process calibration tools enable calibration of industrial instruments e No instrument can be used without being calibrated and maintained e Properly calibrated equipment can save money Conclusion Accuracy is also important because when accurate standards are used most of the time downtime only needs to be long enough to verify that the instruments are still in tolerance However with inaccurate calibration standards more borderline and out of tolerance indica tions are found This means that a routine verification turns into an additional adjustment procedure and a final verification at each of the test points to prove the as left condition is in tolerance This more than doubles the downtime and the technician time involved in completing the calibration This is because inaccurate standards tend to not be consistent with each other causing us to make more adjustments to correct phantom errors ld 3 m veler Transmitter Pressure gauge Figure 6 Pressure transmitters convert signals from pressure sensors Gavin van Rooy has sold Fluke products for the past 18 years and has been with Comtest for the last 10 years Aside from looking after the local Fluke dealers he has travelled extensively in Africa assisting new Fluke dealers with set up and on site training For the last two years Gavin was assigned to the Western Cape region offerin
57. an be triggered by voltage signals or volt free contacts and can measure times up to 999 999 s with a resolution of 1 ms The PAM420 has a built in rechargeable battery allowing it to be used in almost any location Supplied complete with a carrying case test lead set and in the case of the PAM420 a mains operated battery charger Megger s new compact phase angle meters feature robust construction to ensure long life even in tough operating conditions They have Lightning and Surge Protection a CAT Ill 500 V CAT IV 300 V safety rating except for the timer inputs on the PAM420 which are rated CAT II 250 V Both models can be calibrated locally full instructions are given in the user manual which eliminates the inconvenience and cost of having to send them to a specialist calibration facility Megger is represented locally by Surgetek Enquiries Stuart Ashton Tel 011 792 1303 4 5 or email info surgetek co za Protect electrical systems photovoltaic systems instrumentation and more Surgelek s product range provides raliable lightning and surge protection lor low voltage and high voltage applications As well as protecting expensive and sensitive equipment against the effects of lightning Surgeleak offers high voltage deteciors earthing and short circuiting devices live cleaning tools cable fault locators high valage testers and test and measurement equipment Surgetek s HV product range co
58. ance between sensor and transmitter can be up to 2 000 m Start up and Calibration is simple quick and cost effective by using a notebook with the MF SMART software For the calibration process either one or multiple reference flow amounts are required Twenty four different products can be calibrated and stored in the system An ATEX version for Ex applications is available for zones 20 and 2 In addition to the MF3000 Mutec Instru ments offers a wide range of sensors for flow monitoring and moisture measurement for solids Mecosa is the sole agent for Mutec Instru ments GmbH in South Africa Enquiries Tel 011 257 6100 or email mail measure mecosa co za innovation is what drives best practice And this is exactly what you will get with a sensor solution from Countapulse Controls All products are manufactured in accordance with ISO 9001 2000 quality standards and offer accurate reliable performance even in the harsh African conditions COUNTAPULSE CONTROLS ero uro your sensor solution T011 615 7556 F011 615 7513 E cliveldcountapulse co za W Wwww counta Pu lse co za av HENGSTLER EGE DEUTAWERKE SECATEC POWER GEN AFRICA Conference amp Exhibition 17 19 March 2014 Cape Town International Convention Centre Cape Town Republic of South Africa www powergenafrica com Co located with DISTRIBU TECH AFRICA SOLUTIONS FOR AFRICA S ENERGY FUTURE INVITATION T
59. and models to a minimum To ensure that at least the mechanics fit it makes sense 48 ll Electricity Control October 13 to define a factory standard that specifies uniform process connec tions lengths and communication protocols Standardised spare parts such as electronic inserts and display units make for short repair times The electronic insert is always the same regardless of whether you are measuring pressure Cerabar hydrostatics Deltapilot or differ ential pressure Delta bar or if you are working in an Ex or SIL appli cation Therefore all you need are just a few spare electronic units Enquiries Natlee Chetty Tel 011 262 8000 or email info za endress com A D converter as well as the EtherCAT connection and additional digital I Os integration into the control system is particularly efficient In addition to control or regulation analysis and diagnostics are indispensable wherever pneumatic systems are used For example the operating pressure can be monitored using the EP3744 EtherCAT Box and an altogether better transparency of the machine is achieved Enquiries Email K MCPherson beckhoff com Digital valve controller with stainless steel housing merson Process Management s Fisher Fieldvue DVC6200 digital valve controller family gains added capability with its all stainless steel housing that withstands the corrosive atmospheres often experienced in chemical plants pulp and
60. and pump or comparison test pump can be used in conjunction with a reference calibrator these normally provide sufficient control for field applications On the bench for higher pressures and where a greater degree of control or automation is required a gas bottle or shop air can be used with a controller Deadweight testers and the related electronic deadweight tester are portable systems that provide all three functions generation control and measurement in a single unit and are suitable for both field and bench use oe x fre ee Figures 1 and 1a A pressure calibration system needs to accurately measure pressure and may also need to measure pressure transmitters 46 ll Electricity Control October 13 Applications Analogue and digital pressure gauges are often used to monitor pressures in processes Gauges have an internal mechanical or electro mechanical mechanism to convert input pressure to a reading Sensors and transmitters comprise both a sensor assembly to detect and measure the pressure and a transmitter which converts the pressure into an electrical signal typically a 4 20 milliamp signal that can be transmitted to a control panel PLC or other readout In this case there are two items to be calibrated The first and most important step is to calibrate the pressure to resistance or pressure to voltage relationship of the sensor and the second step is to calibrate and verify the linearity and
61. andard norms or rules formulated by bod ies such as VDE UL and others igus has also created testing and manufacturing standards for the chainflex cables which meet the actual requirements of cables for the continuously moving area igus considers different tests and reviews Material tests New materials for conductors insulation or jackets are developed according to customers requirements Structural inspections New superstructures manufacturing processes and the related impacts on the service life are assessed sys tematically In process quality tests After the end of production and the standard tests custom ary for cable production random cables are subjected to special igus tests according to certain selection algorithms Long term service life tests These test pro jects that need to run for up to four years examine the actual maximum service life of the selected cables The focus on continuous monitoring of the parameters occurs particu larly to detect failure promptly Customer specific applications These tests based on the customer specific movement sequences of the application and in particular on critical operations provide the significant advantage of defining the limits resulting from the tests The chainflex lab In order to implement these tests usefully systematically and reproduc ibly various conditions have to be met Enquiries Ryan Hancock Tel 011 312 1848 or email mailing igus de Tai
62. arter energy use Download our FREE White Paper Designing a metering system for small and medium sized Sch neide r buildings Enter for a chance to WIN an iPad mini ES 3 Visit www SEreply com KeyCode38960p Phone 27 11254 6400 ectric of Thain mapagi Gertie veg mtr hera com Sh 1 VIE ZA Torre and condi npt Aegean hee Schotes Ect Sain Aloo Pry id Raman baant ELA 0 _ gt Multi purpose all round ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION The clarification on PAT recommended by the Lofstedt Review is therefore very welcome and should help to encourage a better and more widespread understanding of this vitally important area of health and safety Bibliography 1 Lofstedt Review 2011 Reclaiming health and safety for all Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 Health and Safety Executive Local Authorities Enforcement Liaison Com mittee HELA Market figures derived from analysis of Seaward Group customer database Analysis of test records supplied by Hawkesworth Appli ance Testing and from instruments returned to Seaward for calibration and repair ESC Product Safety Conference October 2011 Fire Sta tistics Great Britain from 2010 2011 RiskFix Newsletter 2011 Risk Management ESC Product Safety Conference 2011 BEAMA Anti Coun terfeit Presentation 2 3 4 5 mmm 6 7 KROHNE b achieve more mmm gt Are you looking for a tru
63. birds Predators may cause damage to livestock or farm facilities either directly indirectly or both Direct damage results when the fish or other cultured organism is killed or seriously maimed by the predator and is therefore lost from production Indirect damage is highly variable and includes non lethal wounding of fish chronic stress with a con sequent reduction in feeding efficiency or health transfer of harmful disease causing organisms and sometimes even physical damage to the animal enclosure system leading to escapement Often the indirect damage caused by a predator can result in a greater economic loss than that caused by direct damage For example a crocodile that tears a hole in a net cage and eats a few fish is a small loss compared to the pending escape of potentially large numbers of the remaining fish says Swanepoel Various materials including nylon polyester polypropylene poly ethylene plastic coated welded wire rubber and galvanised steel are commonly used for netting in aquaculture fish enclosures around the world All of these materials are selected for a variety of reasons Solar solutions partnership a logical step to offer turn key energy management and engi neering solutions to its clients 14 year old South African energy management specialist company Energy Cybernetics has embarked on including PV solar as an option to further expand the energy savings possibilities for clients as part of
64. bulk solids have to be measured downstream of mechanical conveyor systems There is no upper limit to the flow rate Maxxflow HTC is ideal for mass flow measurement for flows in excess of 20 t h and Is pressure resistant up to 10 bar in temperatures of up to 120 C The instrument can be installed on round pipes or ducts and Operates according to the latest microproces sor technology The instrument is dust proof and can be installed at an angle if required The mass flow measurement is independent of flow characteristics and with no mov ing parts in the system no maintenance is required SWR Engineering is represented locally by OEN Enterprises Enquiries Mike Andrews Tel 011 675 4447 or email mike oenenterprises co za ROUND UP HD modular control system KC Instrument has introduced the new SRZ DIN rail mounted high density modular system with a sample cycle time of 250 ms providing an accuracy 0 2 Con trol method is selectable between position proportional control and cascade control in addition to the typical heat only and heat cool methods The Brilliant PID Il algorithm with enhanced tuning achieves a quick rise drop to setpoint and with greater protection from overshoot undershoot caused by external disturbances True universal input includes 10 thermocouples types RTD voltage or current A single module may provide up to four channels of heat only or two heat cool of which up to 16 modules may be connected
65. cables By Y Wang EA Technology Group 19 Round UP Control systems and automation 24 Logic solver application software and operator interface By RJ Perry control systems consultant 30 Measuring malt spirit strength By N Moffat Rototherm Canongate Technology 32 Round UP Earthing and lightning protection 38 Copper electrical wiring for safety By E Swanepoel Copper Development Association Africa CDAA 41 Lightning and surge protection for PV systems on solar plants By A Barwise DEHN Protection South Africa 43 Round UP Pressure and level measurement 46 Process calibration tools for pressure By G van Rooy Comtest 48 Round UP Energy and enviroFiciency 58 VSDs power saving in cooling pump systems By A Chalmers Irri Gator Products 60 Round UP Publisher Advertising Managers Jenny Warwick Helen Couvaras and Heidi Jandrell Editor Circulation Wendy Izgorsek Karen Smith Editorial Technical Director Reader Enquiries lan Jandrell Radha Naidoo Design amp Layout Adel JvR Bothma Quarter 2 April June 2013 Paid circulation 57 Free circulation 4696 Total circulation 4753 Cover _ FEATURES Analytical instrumentation e Cables and accessories e Control systems and automation e Earthing and lightning protection e Pressure and level measurement e Energy and enviroFiciency de SIMATIC W mAy rany i WinGC I SIMATIC WinCC from Siemens is a scalable process visua
66. cation were introduced Suppliers end users engineers and contractors enjoyed hands on practical demonstrations and participated in actual working scenarios Enquiries Email AdriVogel Eaton com Rockwell Automation brought top local and international management associates and colleagues together for two days 14 and 15 August 2013 at Emperors Palace This impressive manufacturing exhibition gave delegates the opportunity to experience Rockwell Automation solutions through hands on labs live demonstrations seminars and industry sessions Rockwell Automation s technology partners participated in a large central exhibition area where visitors could see products and technologies come to life During a special presentation executives provided insight on the automation industry from a leading edge and global perspective ae i if Rockwell Automation executives John McDermott senior vice president global sales and marketing Urs Marti regional sales director South region EMEA Hedwig Maes president Europe Middle East and Africa Barry Elliott managing director sub Saharan Africa Hein Hiestermann business manager New uniforms for Kingsway School Choir VEGA Instruments SA a sponsor at Kingsway School has been actively involved for many years in helping the children who attend this primary school and recently sponsored uniforms for the school choir The Kingsway School caters for disadvantaged children fro
67. communication Concor Engineering managing director Mil Sofijanic was also recently appointed managing director of Wade Walker and re gards this development as being expedient to the shared objectives of both companies Enquiries Anishca de Beer Tel 011 372 8558 or email anishca wadewalker co za Eight Next generation fire suppressant M s Novec 1230 Fire Protection Fluid has distin Do itself as the only sustainable fire extin guishing fluid that will not damage the materials it is sprayed on and has the greatest margin of safety with no adverse effect on humans and zero ozone depletion potential Novec 1230 is a remarkable fire extinguish ing fluid and is the epitome of sustainable technology as it has the largest margin of safety among chemical clean agents for use in occupied spaces saysYemi Fa tunla electronics and energy business group country leader 3M South Africa Novec is a fluoro ketonea proprietary 3M technol ogy that offers a number of important advantages over conventional halocarbon based suppressants It works as a gas yet is a liquid at room temperature and extinguishes fires via its cooling effect A unique and world first feature is that Novec 1230 will not damage the materials it is sprayed on making it particularly beneficial for spaces which house high value electronic equipment as well as environments such as libraries document warehouses government departments and cultu
68. consistent database he latest Version 2 3 of the EPLAN Platform available soon is characterised by standardised and largely automated engineering across a consistent database There is comprehensive support for new standard compliant designations based on ISO IEC 81346 and the safety values focused VDMA 66413 exchange format The central administration of phased out items and a new search function for system settings are additional new features of the CAE software to allow interdisciplinary cooperation and configuration For example macros Version 2 3 offers extensive options for handling macros typical circuits and their variations What is new is the fact that these macros can be edited and if needed be updated across the entire project within an incredibly clear table view This means that com prehensive changes can be made within the project with just a few clicks of a mouse potential error sources are reduced by means of central data storage Secure in accordance with standards ISO IEC 81346 and VDMA 66413 The definition of mechatronic solu tions and the appropriate designations in the documen tation are typical everyday designing tasks The standard IEC 81346 Industrial Systems Plants and Equipment and Industrial Products Structuring Principles and Reference designations is widely accepted on an inter national level The EPLAN Platform 2 3 allows project structures and project designations to be implemented on a user fri
69. continue to eliminate power islands creating energy reserves and allowing us to more efficiently use a greater supply of energy Enquiries Thulisile Phiri Email Thulisile phiri ge com For engineers designing with open source hardware S Components RS the trading brand of Electrocomponents plc has launched its Open Source Design Centre a comprehensive free guide to open source electronics design hosted on designspark com the company s online resource for electronics design engineers The Open Source Design Centre brings together all of the elements involved in open source design in a single easy to access reference point It provides reliable information on matters ranging from open source licensing guidelines to advice on hardware and software management Its aim is to educate engineers in open source design and to aid and encourage their active participation in open source design projects RS has developed the Open Source Design Centre in cooperation with Andrew Back a leading industry expert in open source hardware and founding member of the Open Source Hardware User Group OSHUG the UK s leading open source hardware group established in 2010 While open source hardware has until recently been at the low end of the electronics design spectrum it is steadily increasing in inter Businesses move forward est as the opportunities for industry education and experimentation become apparent commented Bac
70. controls system The company was also responsible for commissioning the power plant We are proud to have built the most modern and most efficient combined cycle plant in Asia said Roland Fischer chief executive officer of Siemens Energy s Fossil Power Generation Division Thanks to our advanced H class technology our customer saves both fuel costs and the cost of maintenance and repairs So far eight of the 24 H class gas turbines we have sold to date have been sold to South Korea At the moment Korea s biggest challenge is to even out the imbal ance between power consumption and demand emphasised WK Lee chief executive officer of GS EPS Our Dangjin 3 power plant uses Siemens technology for maximum flexibility It is the best available on the market Thanks to Siemens H class technology our plant operates safely efficiently and economically Enquiries Hulisani Nemaxwi Email hulisani nemaxwi siemens com Is your current DRIVE manufacturer leaving you feeling inverted SWITCH TO SENLAN INVERTERS NOW _ AND UNLOCK SAVINGS TODAY Gator Products is a company dedicated to providing efficient reliable economical AC electric motor controls to general industry National distributors of SENLAN variable speed drives to suit any application From O 4kW 400kW in the low voltage range 230 525VAC Fram 180kW 10000kW in the medium voltage range 3 11kVAC GS Ze we S Re gt Ze
71. ction for driving the Trip Output FB 08 it may be combined with other SIS Group trips via an amp element The Trip Status is the SIF alarm to the DCS if a voting block is not incorporated The MOS Alarm and OOS Alarm provides associated SIF status to the DCS these alarms are automatically re initiated after two hours if still in operation as an operator jog FB 08 a Trip Reset is normally manually initiated this will reset the Group Trip Output if all Permissives and Trip Inputs are healthy Permissive Input allows the Trip Output to be reset if all are healthy The Trip Input is the combined Group safety functions which trip the output The Trip Output trips the final element to bring the process to a safe state a Group Trip alarm is also taken to the DCS A Ready to Reset indication if not automatic is provided on the DCS so that the operator is aware that the SIS Group can be reset The First Out is connected to all associated Group Trip input blocks to hold the first out trip alarm for operator acknowledgement A SIS Trip Group connection is also provided to trip other designated SIS Groups this is taken via a 1 second time delay to hold First SIS Group trip and may also incorporate a Mono element if any SIS Group is not required to be permanently tripped until the initiating SIS Group is reset FB Oe TRIP OUTPUT FINAL ELEWENT l Trip Output Ready to Reset First Cel StS np Group Trip Reset 5 Perm
72. d 500 delegates and annually brings together stakeholders in the energy efficiency sector including equipment suppliers consulting engineers energy service companies end users of energy utilities and researchers Topics to be covered range from mining and industrial energy optimisation tax rebates carbon incentives business case studies technical case studies energy management in buildings alternative energies to standards 72 lv Electricity Control October 13 and government requirements Enquiries Erika Kruger Tel 018 290 5130 or email convention saee org za Energy Training Foundation 14 18 October 2013 Johannesburg Certified Energy Manager CEM an AEE course 5 CPD credits 16 18 October 2013 Johannesburg Certified Measurement and Verification Profes sional CMVP an AEE course 3 CPD credits 16 17 October 2013 Johannesburg Energy Management System Implementation Course EnMSI ISO 50001 2 CPD credits 18 21 November 2013 Johannesburg Certified Renewable Energy Professional REP and AEE course Enquiries Email info entf co za Power Gen Africa amp Distributech Africa 17 19 March 2014 Solutions for Africa s Energy Future A three day event Power Gen Africa serves the industry s information and networking needs with a trade show floor featuring the prime movers in the conventional power and renewable energy industries A multi track conference covering strategic technic
73. damage of the original the IO Link master recognises it is a blank replacement and automatically copies the stored setup into the newly connected sensor The need for complex re parameterisation is eliminated Enquiries Chris Cronj Tel 012 450 0370 or email chris cronje ifm com Contactless Level Control Level Switch LB 471 Contactless Level Control for ALL Branches of Industry Compact Design of Evaluation Unit Maximum of 19 Modules in a 19 rack Permanent self monitoring by Watch Dog Timer Intrinsically safe detector connection available ATEX II 2G EEx ibd IIC T6 alternatively ATEX II 2G EEx de IIC T6 Power Supply 18 30 V DC or 115 230 V AC GM detector for standard applications Very sensitive Scintillator for special applications Extremely sensitive Super Sens Scintillator for very special applications Ex stock availability from MECOSAT 4 Tel 011 257 6100 Fax 011 257 6123 PO Box 651240 Benmore 2010 E mail measure mecosa co za Web www mecosa co za October 13 Electricity Control I 49 PRESSURE AND LEVEL MEASUREMENT ROUND UP Preventing storage tank overfill ing but the whole solution itself is modular and can be easily extended Endress Hauser delivers market standard compliance and ensures Se tanks in the oil and gas industry are used for environmentally damaging liquids which could cause serious incidents including personnel injuries if not prop
74. ding sys tems anytime anywhere According to Artur Socha Buildings Division product manager at Schneider Electric South Africa with the introduction of SmartStruxure Lite solution small to medium sized commercial buildings now have an affordable building management solution to meet their needs By providing anytime anywhere access to building infor mation on a simple user interface Smart Struxure Lite solution lowers energy costs without compromising on comfort he says As a simple web based solution delivering one click access to building system informa tion the product provides a single interface to connect HVAC lighting and metering It is cus tomisable to fit the specific needs of the user s facility and is a scalable high performance system based on open protocols Up to 60 of energy costs in a building are related to lighting and HVAC Socha explains This so lution helps reduce energy costs and increase building performance while simplifying daily operations It also provides users with remote access to their systems via a mobile device or the cloud Aside from reducing installation time labour and cost it is a suitable retrofit solu tion for HVAC lighting and metering ap plications Optimal environmental comfort also increases employee productivity The product s ecosystem delivers open system functionality from basic control up to the cloud It consists of a wireless site manager gate
75. disrupt the normal operation of other devices and increase operating costs Symptoms of problematic harmonic levels include overheating of transformers motors and cables thermal tripping of protective de vices logic faults of digital devices and drives Harmonics can also cause vibrations and noise in electrical machines motors transform ers and reactors The lifespan of many devices can be reduced by elevated operating temperature Plus rapid reactive power changes demand timely reactive power VAR compensation An active harmonic filter AHF provides an effective means to mitigate harmonics reduce process related voltage fluctuations and improve equipment operating life and system capacity It can be part of a power factor correction and harmonic filtering system Low voltage capacitor compensation systems can provide the 44 ll Electricity Control October 13 similar benefit of a centralised solution at an attractive cost for most mid and small industrial commercial and institutional users Global specialist in energy efficiency Schneider Electric provides a comprehensive power quality solutions portfolio namely ReactiVar and AccuSine to help companies improve their energy efficiency ReactiVar a power factor correction fixed capacitor PFCD is ideally suited for power factor correction in applications where the load does not change or where the capacitor is switched with the load such as the load side of a motor sta
76. ds on significant and inventive products that enable all involved in manufacturing to do their jobs more efficiently and effectively DuraLabel is repre sented locally by Aspercon Enquiries Gavin Pletschke Tel 011 918 8340 or email sales aspercon co za Current amp Product News Bizz Buzz LEM has a new catalogue LEM has released a new 100 page catalogue describing its industrial voltage and current transducers The cata logue provides an outline on applications technologies and specific industry sectors The first section outlines transducers optimsed for drives welding renewable en ergy and power supplies The next section is for railway traction and trackside applications ie onboard current transducers for locomotive propulsion systems as well as for substation and signalling equipment There is a section dedicated to the high precision industry with very high accuracy transducers ranging in current from 12 5 A up to 24 kA and a section describing transducers manufactured specifically for the automotive industry Enquiries Denver Technical Products Email denvertech pixie co za Australian company assists in Ibhubesi gas project Wood Group Kenny WGK Australia has been awarded a contract to provide engineering and project management services to Sunbird Energy for the Ibhubesi gas project off the west coast of South Africa The initial phase of WGK s work involves the concept and definition phases
77. due to fast flowing and high water levels The engi neering team met and exceeded the client s objectives of the project The footbridge had to be an economic suspension bridge and incorporate e Involvement of local community par ticipation and serve to transfer skills to emerging local contractors e Be acceptable by the local community usable and safe e Aesthetically and environmentally ac ceptable e Durable and easy to maintain The HA Mofutho Pedestrian Bridge pro vides an important link between the villages of Tsoelike Auplus in HA Makhaola and HA Mofutho improving the quality of life of the local residents and livestock and will also save lives of future generations that no long er have to cross the dangerous Senqu River by boat The bridge has been appreciated by the local travelling public and is well used Enquiries Hillary Erasmus Tel 011 798 6511 or email hillarye rhdhv co za Industrial rack PC with performance boost he Siemens Industry Automation Division has equipped its new 19 inch industrial rack PC Simatic IPC547E with powerful fourth generation Intel Core processors and the latest PC technology Core i7 four core processor HD onboard graphics and fast work memory reduce the power loss by one third as compared to the previous ver sion and offer 30 higher computing performance and almost three times better graphics performance Raid hard disk configuration with additional hot spare hard disk and
78. e PV modules and inverters leading to both high repair costs and considerable profit cuts for the operator of the plant related to system failure For a complex PV installation such as a solar power plant the aim is to protect both the operation building and the PV array against damage by fire direct lightning strike and the electrical and electronic systems inverter remote diagnostics system generator main line against the effects of lightning electromagnetic impulses LEMP Air termination system and down conductor system For the protection of the PV array against direct lightning strikes it is necessary to arrange the solar modules in the protection zone of an isolated air termination system According to the class of lightning protection system the height and the quality of the air termination rods required is determined by means of the rolling sphere method Furthermore it has to be ensured that the separation distance is kept between the PV supporting frames and the air termination rods Also the operation building must be equipped with external lightning protection Down conductors must be connected with the earth termination system by using terminal lugs Due to the corro sion risk at the point where the terminal lugs come out of the soil or concrete they have to be made out of corrosion resistant material or be protected by corresponding measures applying sealing tape or heat shrinkable sleeve for example Earth term
79. e River as a primary source of water Climatic changes added to the pressure on water resources leading to a challenging project where these different environmental components had to be merged in a sustainable way Wastewater is also used in the process of photovoltaic PV power generation and will be treated at an on site wastewater treatment plant and then returned to the CSP system Enquiries Hillary Erasmus Tel 011 798 6511or email hillarye rhdhv co za Efficient fossil fired power iemens Energy and its partner GS Engineering amp Construction GS E amp C handed over the most efficient fossil fired power plant in Asia to the South Korean power utility GS EPS Co The handover of Dangjin 3 formerly Bugok 3 combined cycle power plant took place twelve days ahead of schedule Thanks to the main components Siemens world record breaking H class gas turbine and the special steam cycle the power plant has a gross efficiency of almost 61 percent and an electrical capacity of 415 MW The Dangjin 3 power plant is located in Dangjin City Chungchong Nam do Province approximately 120 km south of Seoul As the head of a consortium Siemens built the plant as a turnkey project together with GS E amp C and supplied a SGT6 8000H gas turbine a SST6 5000 steam turbine an SGen6 2000H hydrogen cooled generator a Benson heat recovery steam generator as well as parts of the electrical equipment and the SPPA T3000 instrumenta tion and
80. e being generated by the pump is throttled back to 4 0 Bar using a regulating valve on the delivery side of the pump In order to provide realistic power calculations with which to carry out comparisons between full speed pumping versus VSD controlled pumping five different flow rates were selected that could represent the changes in the plant s flow requirements as and when produc tion machines were utilised Table 1 provides a summary of the comparisons and the potential power savings that can be unlocked by pumping with a VSD Motor Speed Motor Fre RPM quency Hz Operating Pressure Bar Power Absorbed kW PID Proportional Integral Derivative RPM Revolutions Per Minute VSD Variable Speed Drive bbreviations e f correctly applied VSDs can provide substantial power savings e Pumps are commonly used and combining them with a VSD may result In savings e No VSD should be installed without a proper investigation If a flow rate of 100 m Hr was used as the average flow rate required by the plant and pumping took place over 6 480 hours annually six days per week x 24 hours per day x 45 weeks per year a potential saving on the running of the pump would be R 26 114 40 based on an electricity tariff cost of R0 65 per kW Hr As one can deduce from Table 1 the potential savings are substantial if the plant production output was reduced beyond the 100 m2 Hr flow requirement which is evidently the curren
81. e calibration certificates and free PC data logging software Founded in 1985 Lorenz Messtechnik GmbH operates as a family run company in Afldorf Germany specialising in the manufacture of torque and force transducers as well as signal conditioning equipment The Lorenz product range includes sensors for a wide variety of applications in cluding static and rotating torque transducers with various mounting options such as flange shaft and hub type sensors The Lorenz range of measurement equipment is German engineered accurate reliable and affordable in comparison with other competing manufacturers Uses for torque measurement span across a number of industries from analys ing motor torque efficiency in test beds monitoring assembly forces in automated processes to measuring viscosity in quality monitoring applications The DR 3000 is the first of its kind in torque measurement Lorenz has taken out the hassle of additional amplifiers indicators and data logging systems by providing an elegant digital solution Elexsys supplies the entire range of Lorenz sensors and amplifiers and is the sole repre sentative for Lor enz Messtechnik in j Africa Enquiries George Chapman Tel 021 930 0214 or email sales elexsys co za Join Endress Hauser on a comprehensive training tour kicking off at Hannover Messe HANNOVER MESSE Endress Hauser Pty Ltd Fel 27 0 11 262 8000 Fax 277 0
82. e instrument provides accurate and consistent process control points to ensure the quality of the spirit There is a reduction in the labour cost as the spirit safe does not need tending With the current cost of energy it is important that the stills are switched off before any benefits of spirit collection are out weighed by the cost of the energy used to produce it Installed successfully in over 100 malt whisky stills over the last 15 years the Canongate DensiCheck TX has proven to be the ideal instrument for online alcohol concentration measurement Neil Moffat has 28 years experience working with non contact ultrasonic technology and inline CO meas urement with an in depth knowledge and expertise of their application within the Beverage and LPG sector He is currently responsible for the new product design development and support of the Canongate Technology Instrument range Enquiries Scott Hunter Instrotech Tel 011 462 1920 or email sales instrotech co za About the author SIMATIC WinCC from Siemens scalable process visualisation IMATIC WinCC from Siemens is a scalable process visualisation Sa with powerful functions for monitoring automated pro cesses WinCC offers complete SCADA functionality for all industrial sectors from single user stations to distributed multi user systems with redundant servers as well as for multi site web solutions WinCC V7 2 Highlights e SCADA system for global deployment
83. e is a soft Manual ESD double click con firmation action then there is a warning if the Group is about to trip following a time out function an actual Group Tripped indication is displayed followed by a First Out Reset command indication when a Local Reset has been initiated if applicable and finally the Group Reset which will flash when ready to reset The final section covers the trip outputs including the tripping of associated SIS Groups and any DCS controller FMC actions via the Help button and the final element status Some outputs may require an additional sequential 28 ll Electricity Control October 13 UOS B 100 wal CTO l kharu ESC dtrag the EFC sumone bo ard ned COP eet af TE ds 16C picked bo Auto and SP ramped bo MI C a rate of rvan ref MAMLIAL ESD GAF THP Alem ROLF TARPFED ERST OUT RESET Ten Te KS IM En TESTI H OCSACIONS OR TRE O GROUP RES zer MANUAL GROUP TRIP z GROHE TAPFED FIRST CMT RESET LOCAL RESET LH De GROUP RESET T tm Reset which has been catered for and any valve fault will flash the respective Tag A final element Test is available which allows for operating the valve during commissioning or following a Group trip under permit conditions also any Manual valve partial stroke test can be performed when online Conclusion It is hoped that this article although only being a basic introduction to SIS logic so
84. ed service life with the flexibility to meet a wide range of common applications Suitable for systems up to 690 V the entire range is rated for Ics Icu Icw 50 and 65 kA at 440 V for 1 s A selection of electronic trip units enhance protection while a fast 25 ms break time helps further reduce the stress on electrical networks Locking safety shutters and various key lock and padlock options ensure safety for installers and technicians A number of cost saving features include copper and aluminium conductor compat ibility and convenient hori zontal or vertical terminal Orientation Enquiries Belinda Aslett Tel 011 254 6400 or email belinda aslett schneider electric com Payme ee TI A division of ACTOM Peys Lud Motor management programme CUSTOMISED ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL DESIGN Ahly emgprovementstenhancarmtnmis Efficiency improvements Performance upgrades Pier savings GE Marthinusen amp Coutts Fel 27 ON GOT W700 www mandeecora commercial Emand om za ON SITE SERVICES Removal repair and re installatkan On site testing and breakdown repair Haat cause analysis Comimn matter Preventative and predictive maintenance zZ Ke LLJ aan am de Z I T D Z TE nan lt LU ROUND UP Programming and display unit for relays ewElec s MA RDU 216 is a panel mounted keypad entry display unit that can be used as a handheld
85. ed with dedicated asset management throughout the cable lifecycle including the stages of procurement installation operation maintenance and replacement Cables are reliable and offer a secure supply option Cables must be managed over their lifecycle Monitoring devices for cables offer a reliable way of condition manage ment October 13 Electricity Control I 17 N ae S N N LLI S lt am EE lt L N LLI co lt d5 N EE ep N N LLI O lt L Sl lt L N LLI l aa lt L d5 Existing Cable s Understand manufacturing process best and frequency of test installa ian Dedicated management in installation ETE Existing Cable Routing inspection of cable route Cable installation condition assessment Verify cable operational rating Testing Assess cable condition b Assess consequence of in service failure Replacement criteria Figure 4 Cable lifecycle management Finding fault before failure Launched by EA Technology in 2013 the Cable Data Collector is a new type of test instrument which measures PD activity in live dis tribution voltage cables without the need to de energise them This is a major advantage compared with offline testing which inevitably causes disruption ALPE Cable Circuit 1 4 J E gt 4 I f i ELBE I p joi j f E S Eii i
86. ee in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from the North West University Enquiries Email alexis barwise dehn africa com About the author New standard set in motor control and power switching he introduction of the new AF range of contactors completes the ABB portfolio of motor protection and control which in cludes thermal and electronic overload relays and manual motor starters By combining ac and dc with surge suppression in a single contactor and additionally controlling the coil electronically ABB brings a product to the marketplace which offers multiple benefits over the conventional alternatives Meeting the requirements of all major national and international standards ABB contactors provide unquestioned quality and an extensive range These motor control con tactors cover applications from 9 Ato 1050 A in all popularly installed sizes Furthermore ABB s AF range enables a single contactor coil to handle 100 V 250 V for both ac and dc applications Flexibility of this nature enables these contactors to be included in designs destined not only for South Africa but throughout Africa Asia Europe and North America Coil energy consumption is reduced by 80 which allows for the build ing of smaller panels and the use of more compact transformer designs Design and as sembly planning to take advantage of these improvements is assisted by easy access to ABB CAD drawings and coordination tables Advantages o
87. ended period before testing has been introduced Clearly the rate of test failures is likely to decline during subse quent reviews as more potentially defective equipment is routinely identified and rectified This is best illustrated by recent sequences of tests undertaken by trading standards officers in a programme funded by the Electrical Safety Council In this programme the average proportion of defects discovered during first time appliance testing of a range of electrical equipment was 12 Consequences of electrical faults There is considerable evidence that faulty electrical appliances con tinue to pose a real threat to people and property In the opening remarks on electrical safety included in the Lofstedt Review reference is made to the 1 000 workplace accidents and 30 fatalities involving electric shock and burns that are reported to the Health and Safety Executive each year However electric shock and electrocution represent only part of the problem associated with faulty electrical items and full considera tion also needs to be made of the contributory role of faulty electrical appliances in property fires which are also a major cause of deaths injuries and considerable costs to businesses In particular successive annual Fire Statistics show that faulty ap pliances and leads continue to pose the single most common problem as the main cause of accidental fires in other buildings non dwellings In 2011 faulty a
88. endly basis in compliance with this current standard There is also the issue of fail safety of compo Central administration of phased out devices Phased out items are generally replaced by a newer model but are still used in existing projects and must be administered transparently In Version 2 3 the EPLAN Platform makes the central administration of phased out articles easier by allowing marking in the article administration sys tem There are also new check runs to give users even more safety in designing Easier searches quicker results The new Version 2 3 also incorpo rates a high performance search function which makes it easy to find and adjust the system settings by means of keywords For the project data navigators available in EPLAN users can now define whether and which additional information is displayed in the tree view Enquiries Gerhard Badenhorst BLM Software amp Service Email gerhard b eplan co za nents and safety function in line with machinery directive 2006 42 EU EPLAN supports a consistent electronic data exchange format for the relevant safety related values for automation components in accordance with VDMA 66413 32 ll Electricity Control October 13 Power Quality Energy Efficient Data Centres e Highly reliable e Expandable amp redundant Extremely flexible amp scalable e Cost efficient Environmentally sustainable e Compatible with third party pr
89. ening of the company s re cently upgraded test facility following the latest expansion of its plant capacity to include production of 315 MVA generation and transmission transformers for Eskom The new test facility established at a cost of over R30 M as an addition to the company s existing test facility is the most advanced facility of its kind in Africa and one of the best in the world Addressing guests at the 50 anniversary function ACTOM s Group executive director Andries Tshabalala said During the 12 year period since being acquired by ACTOM the company s turnover has increased 5 8 times or 600 The company has long been rec ognised as one of the leading local manufacturers of power transformers It has greatly enhanced its status in this respect through the technological advances and production capacity expansions it has achieved especially within the past six years Ronnie Russell ACTOM PowerTransformers Divisional CEO is by far the longest serving of the three CEOs who have headed up the company since its inception having served for 28 years in this capacity He has also been with the company for almost as long as it has existed 47 years Tshabalala commented Enquiries Tel 011 824 2810 or email ron russell actom co za ACTOM Power Transformers Divisional CEO Ronnie Russell right and quality manager Mohamed Alli stand beside the 2 4 MV impulse generator in the company s new world class test
90. erature To reduce the temperature of the steam a desuperheater is utilised to add water to the superheated steam Io vaporise the water a large amount of energy is required to overcome the latent heat The high temperature steam provides this The result is an increased flow of steam at a reduced temperature By varying the amount of water added the temperature can be controlled Enquiries Greg Walker Tel 011 657 6000 or email sales mitech co za Detect limit level of dry bulk solids WR s Pro Gap microwave barrier is designed to detect the limit level of all types of dry bulk solids or to position objects Pro Gap assures simple and uncomplicated retrofitting and reliable fill and limit level detection With its process adapter up to 220 C and 20 bar pressure can be realised and with ceramic mounting temperatures up to 1 100 C is possible The microwave barrier uses a contactless measuring procedure It can be installed in containers pipelines shafts or free fall sec tions The range depending on the model is either 0 4m or 0 18 m and if required larger ranges can be supplied 56 I Electricity Control October 13 During the detection process when container walls housings or pipelines are not metal it is possible to measure the object from the outside This makes it possible to completely uncouple the measurement from the process through suitable windows made of non me tallic materials This i
91. etween contacts or from the live to ground common Over time the water will accumu late salts which increase its ability to conduct a current This current can eventually develop to a point where it generates a significant quantity of heat which begins to pyrolise and carbonise the com bustibles in the area This can eventually result in a situation where a carbon bridge is formed creating a continuous arc or significant generation of heat Ignition of surrounding combustibles can result in a fire Fires have also been known to initiate this way in electrical boxes which become damp or wet Additionally electrical contacts can fail resulting in uncontrolled heating Each time a contact is opened or closed a small spark is generated This causes degradation of the surface of the contact Contacts can fail open in which case the circuit simply becomes inoperable However they can also fail closed and weld together resulting in uncontrolled heating A simple spark can initiate a fire or devastating explosion if a combustible gas air mixture is located at the position of the spark As discussed previously a spark is usually created whenever a contact is opened or closed For this reason specially designed switches and contacts are required for installation in an environment in which you can reasonably expect combustible gaseous mixtures to be present How can copper help Almost no modern building material is more time tested
92. f the IO Link functionality is not used then the sensor operates as a pressure switch with two switching outputs Values above or below the ideal system pressure are reliably prevented resulting in increased machine uptime and consistent operation The PN7 pressure sensor offers a choice of switchpoints or analogue values and parameter setting diagnosis and transmis sion of process values via O Link The sen sor features high switchpoint accuracy and switching frequency Its overload resistant ceramic measuring cell is designed for more than 100 million switching opera tions Different versions are available with pressure ranges between 1 and 600 bar When connected to an IO Link master the sensors can benefit from additional BERIIOED features For example IO Link allows the process measurement data parameters and diagnostic information to be transmit ted via the standard connection cable This information is then made available to the host PLC allowing for example the trans mission of the pressure as a digital value rather than going through a digital to analogue conversion for transmission and then the opposite conversion on reaching the PLC This allows a more accurate value free from conversion errors on which to base plant control decisions Additionally IO Link masters to specification 1 1 store the setup parameters of the connected sensor If ever a replica sensor is installed eg due to mechanical
93. f the AF range are not re stricted to the technical innovation logistics aspects have also been considered With only four contactor coil sizes across the entire range the number of product vari ants has been reduced by 90 with a direct saving in administration and stock holding requirements In environments where volt age fluctuations occur motor stoppages are commonplace AF range contactors ensure continued operation in unstable networks voltage sags dips and surges can be ab sorbed keeping plants operational Enquiries Sarel Erasmus Tel 010 202 5000 or email LP za abb com New range of power circuit breakers chneider Electric has introduced the South Sia version of the EasyPact MVS range of low voltage power circuit breakers and switch disconnectors for applications from 800 to 4 000 A As part of the EasyPact family of protection and control products the EasyPact MVS range delivers a high current withstand rating Icw and a level of functionality unusual in its price range Preci sion engineered to meet up to 90 of common protection applications in medium and large sized commercial and industrial buildings EasyPact MVS circuit breakers are designed to provide superior value throughout their lifecycle and to make instal lations safer and more reliable says Levy Moholola low voltage product manager at Schneider Electric South Africa The EasyPact MVS range has been designed for reliability and extend
94. facility 64 ll Electricity Control October 13 Eight Centre of excellence llustrating its commitment to being both a solutions and services leader Schneider Electric South Africa has established a Solutions and Services Execution Centre According to Mark Marucchi who heads up the new Execution Centre Schnei der Electric South Africa prides itself on being able to offer holistic solutions to its clients in both the private and public sectors As a global specialist in energy management Schneider Electric has for many years offered a number of products and solutions to its clients Recently it has simplified its organisational structure and now offers its all encompassing solu tions under one Schneider Electric brand across various sectors such as energy industry buildings data centre networks and residential customers he says Of the new execution centre Marucchi says As a one stop solutions shop the Solutions and Services Execution Centre leverages the capabilities skills and com petencies of Schneider Electric South Africa s resources By doing so it expands its portfolio of high value systems and services in order to meet the specific need of its customers in targeted customer segments It is also aimed at strengthening cooperation with the front office and designed to develop key competencies around solutions and services in order to drive growth for the company Enquiries Belinda Aslett
95. fety 24 ll Electricity Control October 13 from developing an overall safety instrumented system SIS safety requirements specification SRS performing a hazard risk analysis to determine the required safety integrity level SIL safety instrumented function SIF hardware and software design realisation through to testing and maintenance In all these cover 16 Phases collectively known as the Safety Lifecycle Model This article explores some key aspects of an application software safety requirements specification which is part of the design realisation Phase 10 together with a typical control room operator SIS graphic display configuration indicating the status and health of the SIS Software requirements IEC 61508 Part 3 1 mainly for safety equipment manufactures and also IEC 61511 Part 1 2 provide the minimum application software framework requirements and functional guidelines they also allude to the need for a good operator interface which is lacking with many current system designs The embedded software which forms an integral operating part of the programmable electronics and also ensures safety certification will not be reviewed Probably one of the first decisions to be made is which programming language to use for the safety approved programmable electronic system appli cation software This will normally be a limited variability language LVL being textual or graphical conforming to IEC 61131 3 6 such a
96. g for you Cummins Diesel Generators We provide your power solution Enclosed Sets BKVA 3000 KVA 50Hz Open sets available on request Cummins South Africa Head Office 27 11 321 8700 Cc t GM Power Generation Commercial i Powe r Cletus Makomb 27 83 649 6124 oa j TF etus Makombe 5 Generation www cumminspower com e AC urrent amp Prod a UIC OBITUARY Tony Farah he death ofTony Farah on 10 August 2013 was a great shock to the electrical engineering and high technology business fraternity The large turnout at a Memorial Service held inWoodmead Johannesburg was a fitting example of the popularity of such a fine gentleman Friends and family who had had the privilege of working and being associated with Tony gathered at an extremely moving service at Our Lady of the Cedars church on 17 August To almost the last minute of chatting with his entire family in his home in Bakoven near Camps Bay in Cape Town he was relentlessly full of humour but he passed away peacefully in his sleep after an uncomfortable period of cancer and bone marrow degeneration Tony was born in Johannesburg of Lebanese parents on 12 No vember 1948 He matriculated at Marist Brothers Observatory and went on to complete a BSc Electrical Engineering degree in 1972 and MBA in 1974 at the University of the Witwatersrand In 1990 he took a sabbatical from Spescom to complete an Ad vanced Management Programme at Harvard
97. g support to the local agent and dealers Always involved in the full Fluke portfolio of electrical process thermal power quality scopemeters on his return to Gauteng he was given the opportunity to focus on the Fluke Process Tool range of instruments Enquiries Tel 011 608 8520 or email gvanrooy comtest co za October 13 Electricity Control I 47 ke Lu Lu Be gt u lt Lu Lu gt Au G zZ lt L Lu BE ee ee LL GE A PRESSURE AND LEVEL MEASUREMENT ROUND UP Most efficient way to measure compressed air Fe efficient machine and plant processes compressed air must be analysed and monitored as thoroughly as possible while being optimally integrated into the control system A compact all in one solution for this is the EP3744 EtherCAT Box The IP 67 rated module combines compressed air measurement EtherCAT connectivity and digital I Os for use directly in the process outside of electrical cabinets In addition to six digital inputs and two digital outputs the EP3744 EtherCAT Box has four pressure inputs with integrated 6 mm fittings The pressure is measured as the difference to the fifth pres sure connection which is fed via a hose into a protective housing for IP 67 conformity The measured data is provided in the form of 16 bit values which are transmitted in an electrically isolated manner to the controller The measuring range is 0 to 1 bar 15 psi with a resolution of 1
98. h for pinch valves or similar slurry valves They are also ideal for applications where severe flashing is expected Modular in design the valves are available in sizes from 1 to 16 and larger sizes are available on request The Sweep Angle Control valve has flange ratings of up to 2500 The plug and seat can be manufactured in hard material up to and including tungsten carbide or other ceramics and the body can be bronzed or coated with high velocity spray coated tungsten carbide in critical areas The Sweep Angle control valve has a flow to close configuration with few components in the flow path eliminating any sharp changes in direc tion The seat ring is clamped between the valve body and the downstream pipe work so there is no need for a traditional retainer or cage Typical applications for the valve in clude those found in mining petrochemi cal food pulp and paper and power generation industries Enquiries Greg Walker Tel 011 657 6000 or email sales mitech co za KSA KUEBLER This simple yet robust and solid design coupled with the use of highly corrosion resistant materials makes it possible to measure and indicate the level of hot aggressive combustible agitated toxic and contaminated liquids The operating principle of the KSR Magnetic Roller Display means that it will indicate level even without external power Level Sensors and Magnetic Switches can also be fitted as optional extras Fo
99. he range is the Advance product line with freely configurable EMC protect ed M23 round plug connec tors for signal transmission with up to 19 connections All new plug connectors are also optionally avail able with the Speedcon quick locking system for quick installation in just POWER BY INNOVATION INNOVATION THROUGH PARTNERSHIPS Tel 27 16 430 6000 Fax 27 16 423 6103 Email africancables chi etectric com half a turn Level 2 B BBEE contributor Enquiries Sean A mimbo of she RELINERT a Hadley Email seanh _ phoenixcontact co za SAAS A October 13 Electricity Control I 23 CONTROL SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION Logic solver application software and operator interface By RJ Perry Control Systems Consultant Correctly implemented and structured functional logic together with operator interface displays can improve overall functional safety management and reduce systematic failures leading to fewer process plant accidents great deal of technical literature exists on sensors with associ Av self diagnostics and final element ESD valves with trip action diagnostics and partial stroke testing However there seem to be far fewer application examples available on the logic solver functional logic structure including process operator graphics indi cating the SIS status and operator maintenance interface IEC 61508 Part 3 1 clearly defines the objectives of safety related application software but as with
100. here is only a need for on site parameteris Enquiries Ivan De Waal Tel 011 262 8000 or email info za endress com Inductive sensors for extremely high ambient temperatures he new high temperature IF6074 range of inductive sensors from ifm electronic is designed for the steel and glass industries They are also suited for other hot environ ments and applications such as industrial furnaces burners and incinerators Standard sensors are not suited for temperatures above 100 C as electronic components and tin solder would be dam aged Thanks to the special mechanical construction and the use of select materials and electronic components the ifm sensors are perfectly suited for temperatures up to 180 C With a compact and sturdy design the new series offers maximum long term Mass flowmeter for bulk materials he MF 3000 is developed for online mass flow measurement in metallic pipes from a few kg h to many t h The system is suitable for on line measurements of powders dust pellets and granular from 1 nm up to more than 2 cm in pneumatic or free fall applica tions Mass flow of a few kg h up to many t h can be measured accurately The measurement principle of the MF 3000 is based on the physical Doppler Effect The sensor generates a uniform microwave inside the pipe These microwaves are be ing reflected by particles passing through the pipe and the reflected waves are picked up by the sensor Calculation
101. i Ni bis b lt _ Ho r Tegniese Skool Technical High School Daniel Pienaar Uitenhage Eastern Cape Tristan Zaaiman Eben van Zyl Omri Jacobsz and deputy principal Sampie Marais George Campbell School of Technology Durban Daniel van Niekerk Timo thy Leask David Kellermann Mfundo Dhlomo 68 ll Electricity Control October 13 technical high schools and further education and training colleges which went head to head in their design and model of an energy saving house The five teams were selected from 25 schools and colleges which participated in the regional round of the Siemens Junior Cyber Junk Yard Challenge in July Enquiries Jos Machado Tel 011 652 2160 or email josemachado siemens com i Mr Winning team St John s College Johannesburg Chris Maree Carl Beekhuizen James Allsop and Mitchell Terblanche oak TA Te Brackenfell High School Western Cape Aldo Siegling Bennie van Eerden Angelique le Roux Joshua Elliott Educator Johann Nieuwoudt Educator D Breitenbach Phillip Greeff Michael Maritz Inie de Lange and Brian Champion Social E Eaton South Africa Product Showcase Open Days An Eaton product showcase event took place over two days 6 and 7 August 2013 at Eaton Electric South Africa in Wadeville Gauteng South Africa The latest developments and innovations of electrical power management for any industrial appli
102. i p j i j gpm fg gm 1 2 1 a 7 ik Bi in Pisun In pm E Sih h f 1 ri er et i tne an ee FEATURES Analytical instrumentation Cables and accessories Control systems and automation Earthing and lightning protection Pressure and level measurement Energy and enviroFiciency _ The open and intelligent SCADA system for maximum transparency WV Lr i MF Bile i mom p lt oe EE Industrial Automation Pal IN r LL IGEN En _ Operating comfort Figh contrast display and three FLUID SENSOR ums RAER TECHNOLOGY e Mounting flexibility A rotatabie sensor body and 180 rotatable display enable all mounting positions e Accuracy 0 5 from upper range value pressure sensor and 0 2 K temperature sensor facilitate a wide range of applications e Equipment reliability The robust stainless steel con struction high EMC stability and degree of protection IP67 ensure Maximum operating satety RET Automation Controls Telephone 011 453 2468 Email infoiretauto co za www retautomation com Comment often have the privilege of visiting other universities some in South Africa and some abroad with the specific objective of scrutinising their engineering education processes and outcomes in order to ensure that we all reach the agreed levels Indeed have had the privilege of visiting a number of national bodies whose job it is to accred
103. ibles provided the mass of the combustibles contacting the heat source is small enough that the heat source can cause it to reach ignition temperatures and initiate a fire It is difficult to ignite concentrated solid combustibles such as wood plastic and even paper with this type of heat source However cotton products sawdust wood chips and combustible gases can be ignited Another electrical heat source can be created when a circuit is over fused Over fusing of a circuit can result in high current flow through the wires overloading the circuit Although electrical wiring is designed to carry current at much higher than its rated capacity increasing current above this rated capacity causes the wire to gener ate excess heat This is not a problem as long as the heat can be dis sipated from the wire However if the wire is enclosed within a small insulated space such as the holes through which wires run through floor joists in a building the heat in these areas may not be able to dissipate as quickly as it is being generated As a result the surround ing combustibles can pyrolise and eventually ignite causing a fire Fires can also be caused electrically through what is called leak age current Leakage current occurs when water is in the presence of electricity Exposed wiring which exists primarily at connectors and switches can come in contact with water Since water conducts electricity a current will flow through the water b
104. ination system The earth termination system of the PV system is designed as a ring earth electrode surface earth electrode whilst the earth termination system of the operation building should be designed as a founda tion earth electrode The metal supporting frames onto which the PV modules are fixed must be connected to the earth termination October 13 Electricity Control I 41 zZ kK LL m am as D Zz k TE D zZ lt L de Z T kK nan LU zZ Ke LLJ aan am de Z Z I T D Z TE nan lt L LLI system approximately every 10 metres The earth termination system of the PV system and the one of the operation building have to be connected to each other via at least one conductor The interconnection of the individual earth termination sys tems reduces considerably the total earthing resistance whilst the intermeshing of the earth termination system creates an equipoten tial surface that considerably reduces the voltage load of lightning effects on the electric connecting cables between the PV array and operation building Lightning equipotential bonding In principle all conductive systems entering the operation building from outside have to be generally included into the lightning equi potential bonding The requirements of lightning equipotential bonding are fulfilled by the direct connection of all metal systems and by the indirect
105. ions lasting more than 10 sec onds Designed according to SILIEC61508 the Promass E 200 fits for SIL2 or SIL3 safety applications Intrinsically safe or explosion proof options meet the major hazardous area application requirements The solution meets the requirements of the chemical oil and gas Ground resistance tester Th Instruments Africa TIA has launched a 600 V rugged safe CAT IV clamp on ground resistance tester Chauvin Arnoux s CA6416 17 is ergonomically designed specifically for ground measurements in urban areas typically with limited ac cess to set up ground stakes The CA6416 17 ground clamps can be used to perform selective measurements on a parallel ground system without disconnecting conductors The CA6416 17 ground clamps can be used in the following applications e Measurement of grounds in parallel on MV LV installations e Ground measurements in urban areas and on buildings with Faraday cages e Measurements on telecommunications lines e Measurements in the railway sector e Ground measurement on buried or surface pipelines High performance magnetic materials are used to limit the unit s weight Minimal effort is required to keep the clamp open due to a new feature a force compensation system installed on the trig ger which optimises the handling of the product while reducing user fatigue A protective guard prevents the user s hand from slipping during measurements be and a moulded silicone rotary switch
106. irements with the DCS SIS operator s graphic page are also defined refer to Figure 3 for a typical schematic Implementing the SIF functional logic using standard function blocks as shown is very quick and also aids factory acceptance testing FAT The functionality within the function blocks contains various options should any option not used be used it will not prevent the correct operation of that block all that may be required is to apply a dummy logic 1 on that option input Figure 4 shows a more detailed function block interconnection for a simplified SIF ie no voting requirements The following is a brief description of those I O connections The smart sensor 4 20 mA input analogue is always preferred is connected to the logic solver analogue input module this then trans mits the digital value in engineering units to the trip value comparator The input module also monitors for a faulty input signal the sensor if a conventional transmitter will use internal diagnostics to detect any malfunction and drive the output signal in a pre determined direc tion using the NAMUR NE43 standard which differentiates between a transmitter under over range and an actual fault refer to Figure 5 FB 01 any input fault raises an alarm and if Fault Tolerance override is selected will initiate an automatic maintenance override switch MOS for a limited time eg four hours to enable corrective action The Group Trip input is used to ca
107. ires caused by large domestic appliances in the period 2008 2011 e Statistics from Essex Fire and Rescue showed that from 2006 2008 there were 438 primary fires as a result of faulty electrical appliances causing 75 casualties e An appliance testing programme carried out by the trading standards office of Suffolk County Council revealed that 26 of electrical items tested were non compliant and 45 were unsafe e A safety campaign carried out by Essex trading standards officers revealed that 5 8 of the electrical items tested were found to be faulty It estimated that if all the faults had led to fires the total costs could have been as high as 88 M October 13 Electricity Control i 5 Z k e LU GS k ica Z 1 k 1 Z lt ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION e As part ofa fire safety campaign run by Bolsover District Council 120 electrical appliances were tested and 47 faulty items had to be replaced Counterfeit electrical goods Portable appliance inspection and testing is also one of the main ways in which dangerous counterfeit electrical equipment is identified BEAMA6 recently summarised the problems related to the in filtration of traditional supply chains by counterfeit electrical equip ment that had not been subject to normal compliance testing and certification Approximately 30 M of counterfeit electrical products entered the United Kingdom market in 2010 Counterfeit electrica
108. is always under tension 100 kg Other components include galvanised or stainless steel cable 5 strands x 19 wires or 7 strands x 19 wires with a cable thimble INRS shock absorbers as well as intermediate and angle supports Becker Mining South Africa s range of Tractel equipment which includes lifting and pulling equipment as well as personal protection systems meets stringent inter national safety and quality specifications The company offers a test repair and main tenance service to ensure all equipment Operates in perfect condition Enquiries Tel 011 617 6300 or email info _ ae Keep your business running smoothly with Mobil Synthetic Lubricants Mobils range of top tier Synthetic Lubricants can lower operating costs by reducing power consumption extending machine life and increasing equipment reliability and productivity i For enquiries please call the Engen Customer Service Centre on 27 21 403 5090 or visit www engenoil cam Cy za becker mining com ENGEN CABLES AND ACCESSORIES Lae SE Bt With us you are Number One Connectors for renewable energy production M odern wind turbines consist of a large number of highly spe cialised individual components They control and regulate the systems and system parts from the wind tracking system to the rotor blade placement equipment and the system for preparing and convert ing the electrical energy The system s efficiency de
109. is can easily be operated even when wearing safety gloves Enquiries Justin Clarkson Tel 011 608 8541 Visit www testinstrumentsafrica com and life sciences industries The measurement is not influenced by the medium s viscosity and the flow profile therefore no inlet run is required Better still no holder and no filtration is required You can use existing HART cabling to connect the sensor to the network PLC remote I O etc Enquiries Frans van den Berg Tel 011 262 8000 or email info za endress com Generating greater process efficiency and reliability Backed by 100 years of rotating machinery expertise SKF has been supporting equipment performance and reliability in power generation facilities for well over two decades Today we offer a single source for a range of integrated solutions that can help plants Increase production Optimize maintenance Extend service life Improve safety Reduce operating costs The Power of Knowledge Engineering SKF South Africa Pty Limited Fel 27 11 821 3500 Fax 27 11 821 3501 Eraik sales raskf com Web wane cota October 13 Electricity Control I 9 ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION New high temperature he Comtest Group Fluke s authorised Test and Measurement distributor has announced the arrival of the new highly ac curate Fluke 572 2 high temperature infra red thermometer for extreme heat conditions over long
110. issive input Trip input Mote WO Status is shown for Healthy Condikons Mah ESD OTHER TRIP INPUTS FB 01 Figure 4 Function Block connections 26 ll Electricity Control October 13 Namur NEA3 Compliant Transmitter Alarms Output Signal Normal Range Saturation Inoperable Fault High 20mA 100 20 5mA gt 24S EN AmA 0 JAMA z 3 EmA a s o Ogs Fault Under Range Namal Range Over Range Fault Figure 5 NAMUR NE43 The limitation to this article prevents a description of the more inter esting voting blocks and others such as 2003 Mid Value to DCS for control purposes but it is suffice to say that all voting function blocks automatically change their voting logic to the next safest state eg 2003 to 1002 following a MOS or faulty sensor input on one leg A MOS or fault on a 2003 Mid Value will change to the Average of the remaining two good inputs They also prevent a MOS being applied to healthy inputs if a fault is present on any input as this would often trip the SIF in addition they only allow one simultaneous MOS to be applied on voted SIF healthy inputs An additional feature 18 FIC 112 Charge to H 1801 SIF MOS FAULT MANUAL ESD Above anly displayed when SF has a MKS AULT amd DCS Pre Tre Alan higher priority and the operators can then clearly see if and when to perform a manual ESD action otherwise how would they know See Figure 6 Figure
111. istently meet and exceed customer needs delivering exceptional fibre optic test equipment and service Nick Cole AFLs regional sales manager for the test and inspection division responsible for South Africa has confidence that Comtest will take AFL sales to new heights and will quickly become a leading force in the test and inspection market in South Africa il AFLs ISO certification and quality practices ensure you receive excellent products and documentation says Cole Gary Casper the Comtest product specialist will spearhead the sales and marketing for the new agency Enquiries Tel 011 608 8520 or email gcasper comtest co za Gary Casper left Comtest product specialist and Nick Cole AFL s regional sales manager SA Connectors for signal data and mw Voli power transmission tedium hoenix Contact has expanded its product line with new M17 M23 and M40 round plug connectors This means a full range of plug connectors from M5 to M58 are now available for signal data and power transmission The three new models M17 M23 and M40 add moulded round plug connectors to the portfolio The straight and angled plug connectors are available for signal transmission with up to 17 pins Six and eight pins are available to transfer power of up to 70 A The new molded angled M23 can be rotated by 240 degrees allowing conductors to flexibly and easily exit any device in various directions Another new addition to t
112. it engineering programmes in their various nations Well what blows my mind is the openness with which these processes are carried out Imagine the scenario you arrive and want to see all the dirty laundry And you are shown it Why Because we are all interested in only one thing improvement Let me be honest none of us is perfect Furthermore especially in South Africa state funding for engineering programmes is not what it should be if we are genuine about our national commitment to science and engineering education But we are coping Improvement is a team sport learned many years ago that the best way to Improve is to surround yourself with the smartest and most outspoken people people who will not hesitate to point out faults and errors Some years after that learned to listen to them Genuine improvements come from two key ingredients the will to achieve excellence and the willingness to listen to criticism Electricity Control is supported by 4ICESA All South African universities have some way to go before they can really claim to be excellent but let me assure you that they are all world class The most rewarding aspect of any visit to other universities is to interact with students even when this interaction requires the services of a translator South Africa is producing excellent engineering graduates defy anyone who speaks to any student in any of the South African
113. ite delays and rework e Improves commissioning performance and handover e Impact of design changes can easily be assessed by accessing various lists and reports indicating spare capacity of cables cores and terminals Enquiries Justin Alberts Tel 012 644 2974 or email Justin dessoft co za Easy automation handling systems first for customers Bosch Rexroth has developed the innovative EasyHandling system which seamlessly integrates electro mechanical axes pneumatic axes and drives and controls in one pick and place system and is now available in the South Africa market through sole distributor of Bosch Rexroth solutions Tectra Automation Rexroth s EasyHandling makes the automation of handling systems much easier faster and more economical This comprehensive handling system simplifies the automation process by integrating all drive and control technologies with linear systems standardised mechanical and electrical interfaces and new commissioning assistants all of which are perfectly matched Previously separate technologies were required for the automation pro cess Now with the bundling of the technologies and expertise the Easy Handling system can combine pneumatic axes with electro mechanical axes making it more than just a modular set of mechanical components says Kevin Lombard general manager of Tectra Automation EasyHandling is designed to simplify various phases of a project of fer excellent scalabi
114. k By working with RS we are tapping into a vast global base of engineers on designspark com many of whom will be the key players in taking forward open source hardware into mainstream electronics design Enquiries Samantha Swanepoel Email samantha swanepoel rs components com DEMON CENTRI pa Sure ged tarts open source a NSR U BA KT TEA a ee NET DEN oncor Engineering and Wade Walker both wholly owned Murray amp Roberts subsidiary companies operating with the Group s Engineering Africa Platform EAP are poised for growth in sub Saharan Africa as the synergies between these two compa nies are increasingly extracted to meet the individual needs of customers in the region Companies in the EAP business platform are primarily focused on the Group s core competence in industrial engineering which if properly applied in the early design and feasibility phases of projects offers signifi cant value to customers 66 ll Electricity Control October 13 Wade Walker is an integrated electrical instrumentation and control solutions com pany with a focus on the mining and minerals and power generation sectors while Concor Engineering offers integrated structural mechanical platework and piping solutions to the mining and minerals sector Both com panies are housed in same building in the Murray amp Roberts Group precinct in Skeen Boulevard Bedfordview affording personnel easy interaction and open
115. l products include everything from domestic appliances to cables and leads lighting products power tools and wiring accessories 12 9 million counterfeit products have been seized and destroyed in the last 10 years Cost of PAT There is a great deal of recorded evidence that illustrates that electrical inspection and testing has identified many situations where defective equipment could have caused electrocution or fire In the vast number of cases the cost of taking a reasonable ap proach to inspection and testing can be considerably lower than that associated with other forms of assessing health and safety risks and certainly lower than the likely financial cost of any personal injury or fire damage to premises that can result from faulty appliances remaining undetected For example a basic test instrument with a training video and test record book can be purchased for a few hundred pounds Such a system should have a life of up to 10 years A small organisation with 100 appliances should be able to perform the inspection and testing in less than a day each year In such an example the company will therefore have a minimal cost associated with this aspect of its electrical health and safety policy With larger organisations the cost will be proportional to size and type of industry However there are excellent test products software and accessories available which can greatly reduce the time associ ated with the inspection and testi
116. lisation system with powerful functions for monitoring automated pro cesses Read more on page 31 Regulars 1 Comment 31 Cover story 64 Light Current 65 Bizz Buzz 68 Social Engineers 72 Clipboard Published monthly by Crown Publications cc CnrTheunis and Sovereign Sts Bedford Gardens PO Box 140 Bedfordview 2008 Tel 011 622 4770 Fax 011 615 6108 e mail ec crown co za admin crown co za Website www crown co za Printed by Tandym Print October 13 Electricity Control i 3 ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION Preventative role of PAT testing By J Wallace Seaward Group There is an onus on the duty holder to ensure that equipment in the workplace is maintained to prevent danger It is this obligation that introduces an implied requirement to perform periodic inspection and testing because without such actions the duty holder will be unable to establish the potential dangers posed by faulty or unsafe appliances he recommendation of the recent Lofstedt Review that the health and safety executive further clarifies the requirement for portable appliance testing PAT promises to bring some much needed clarity to a situation that has long been the subject of debate and discussion In particular any moves to encourage a sensible and common sense approach to PAT should also help to improve professional standards in the industry for the benefit of all involved in maintaining a safe working environment The
117. lity and optimise the process from engineering right through to the operational phase reducing the strain on resources across the board The system is available in three variants basic comfort and ad vanced which pro vide outstanding solutions for all layers of assembly and handling auto mation Enquiries Kevin Lombard Tel 011 971 9400 Robust and compact The Embedded PC with Intel Atom for PC based control The flexible CX5000 series trom Beckhoft TE LARAN Rai tt Cette PETER ji KANE k ww Ww beck hoff co Yy zalc 5000 7 EE ei T es en serg i Wor TI Bec Ai off ar WN fall MOUNTING a Tr Doty en L je i _ mi reo Fir Ss ana za Co asd FL Dased Conroe _ grate rarr ti je stween 25 and 60 C 13 and 140 F Fanless with vaut rot ting components Compa c Fish os sage dar m B wo interface for Ether T Termi tals and Bus Terminals Optional space for serial or fie idbus inte interface Integrated 1 second UPS welk Beckhoff Automation Pty Ltd Randburg 2194 South Africa Phone 27 0 11 795 2898 info beckhotf co za o BECKHOFF CONTROL SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION Switches optimise PLC network performance and management Mi oxa has introduced EtherNet IP and PROFINET enabled managed switches the EDS 405A 408A EIP series and the EDS 405A 408A PN series for industrial PLC network applications With the plug n
118. ll as Envi ronmental Control and Monitoring during construction is international consulting engineering company Royal HaskoningDHV Compared with most CSP plants which only have a storage capacity of up to three hours this installation at Bokpoort can store eight to ten hours of electricity This technology enhancement of large scale energy storage creates the reality of being able to release the power to the national grid for a period of eight to ten hours after the sun goes down enabling the use of solar electricity even at night Royal HaskoningDHV then SSI was appointed in 2010 for the inception phase of the project to undertake the EIA process for the plant The work also included amendments to the Environmental Authorisation due to the plant s design In addition the company was responsible for the compilation of a Basic Assessment for the pipeline abstraction of water from the Orange River and assisted in applying for the water use licence The availability of water for the power plant was a critical considera tion in terms of securing water allocations and extended to ensuring that the design of the plant s cooling system guaranteed the optimal use of water whilst still achieving the desired generation output and subsequently profitability levels Amendments to the project s water use licence had to be made owing to the importance of the agricultural sector to the economy of the Upington area and their dependence on the Orang
119. lor made cable short lengths and time Gavan Cavi is a Lapp Group Company that manufactures industrial cable and is ISO 9001 2008 certified The factory is located in Edolo in Northern Italy The product range includes control instrumentation and data cables as well as extension compensating thermocouple cables and low voltage control cables Most of the cables are designed and manufactured to fulfil customer needs Cables manufactured are devoted to measurement and control to connect sensors and actuators and to be installed in dangerous areas such as intrinsically safe or explosion proof zones j addo TR N re pan k m Industries served include the petrochemical industry oil refineries and gas plants off shore exploration and drilling the energy industry mining iron and steel shipbuilding and civil engineering Camuna Cavi is able to manufacture tailor made cable in short lengths and also in a very short time Another advantage the company offers is that they can design and manufacture the AL HDPE PA technology as an alternative to the lead jacket cable Enquiries Mark Dilchert Tel 0861 222 537 or email Mark Dilchert lappgroup co za nc ge p ROUND UP single cable lifeline Be Mining South Africa has extended its range of Tractel personal protection equipment to now include the new Travs mart lifeline system which is designed for safe and reliable use by up to five workers at one time Travs
120. lver functionality has provided the reader with a useful insight in developing a practical Software SRS References 1 IEC 61508 2011 Functional safety of electrical electronic pro grammable electronic safety related systems IEC 61511 2003 Functional Safety Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry Sector 3 UK Health and Safety Executive two part guideline on Program mable electronic systems in safety related applications 1987 4 DIN V 19250 1989 Fundamental safety aspects to be considered for measurement and control equipment ANSI ISA 84 01 1996 Application of safety related systems for process industries IEC 61131 3 2013 Programmable logic controllers Part 3 Pro gramming languages 2 5 6 Dick Perry has been in the Measurement and Control profession for 50 years He started his career as an apprentice instrument technician in the chemical industry in the UK He came to South Africa in 1970 He was with Fluor SA for over 20 years and held the position of control systems design director He retired in 2012 He currently consults to a number of companies specialising in safety instrumented systems hazardous area instrumentation and burner management systems He is a Fellow of the SAIMC and a past president He is registered with ECSA as a Professional Technologist Pr Tech Eng Enquiries Email rjperry nashuaisp co za About the author Energizing
121. ly universal flowmeter OPTISONIC 3400 is the answer The unique 3 beam device measures conductive and non conductive low and high viscous liquids from 200 to 250 C 328 to 482 F medium temperature The full bore unobstructed sensor features an all welded construction without moving parts and can measure bi directionally starting at nearly zero flow And the advanced signal converter covers all 1 Os HART 7 FOUNDATION fieldbus PROFIBUS PA and Modbus communication protocols and features enhanced diagnostics and status indications according to NAMUR NE 107 OPTISONIC 3400 is a tough and durable device for just about any environment or application the accurate and ultra reliable flowmeter of choice m Jim Wallace is associate director of the Seaward Group where he heads up the company s product KROHNE Process instrumentation is our world AJ development and new technology programmes He has been with Seaward for approximately 15 years during which as engineering manager and product and technology manager he was instrumental in 8 Bushbuck Close the development and introduction of a range of advanced test Corporate Park South instruments Jim is also chairman of the Gambica Electrical Test Randtjiespark Midrand Instruments Group and an active member of several IEC stand Tel 27 113141391 ard working groups Enquiries Email jimw seaward co uk Fax 27 11391417481 KROHNE South Africa Cell 27 825563934
122. m the Honeydew area in Johannesburg The choir was formed to help many of the musically talented children who attend the school develop their gift The children are between 11 and 13 years of age and meet once a week to practice with the teachers involved Enquiries Chantal Groom Tel 011 795 3249 or email info za vega com VEGA Instruments SA managing director John Groom with Kingsway School choir members Mzwethu Sonjani Thabang Seisa Tsholofelo Mokgatsi and Ayanda Ngwenya global solutions division South Africa October 13 Electricity Control Il 69 Engineers 6th SA Innovation Summit Innovation goes viral catch it for growth The 6 Innovation Summit took place at the Industrial Development Corporation IDC of South Africa from 27 29 August 2013 Those who attended participated in inspiring discussions and received practical tips on how to put their innovative ideas into practice They were given many opportunities to network with successful individuals The inventors garage was fascinating these are some of the exhibitors Enquiries Email info innovationsummit co za zr Eh a Tshepo Thulo and Kenneth Miya of Goll with their mobile security eNotify Chris van Zyl of eChaja with Tiyani Nghonyame Tshwane University of cellphone Enquiries Email kennethmiya1 gmail com Technology Limpopo eChaja is a commercial solar powered cellphone charger eChaja is fully p
123. mage caused by fires In South Africa our informal settlements seem to be most affected by fire due to il legal connections with devastating effects on life shelter livelihood and possessions National fire statistics are unavailable in many countries and where they are available they are at best inaccurate due to infor mal reporting with data availability being worst in Africa and Latin America The following statistics come from the Fire Protection As sociation of Southern Africa and pertain to South Africa In 2011 fires resulted in 410 deaths and damage to property totalling over ZAR 2 085 M Of the total number of fires in buildings 37 721 9 were caused by electrical faults 3 261 however this figure rose dramatically to 35 when looking at the common causes of structural fires in residential properties making it the most com mon cause In the 2009 statistics the breakdown of the causes was given with the main culprits being appliances such as toasters and heaters short circuits and overloaded cables and conductors which accounted for 26 25 and 19 respectively The remaining causes of the electrical fires were faulty devices such as socket outlets switches circuit breakers fuses 7 contacts and connections 38 ll Electricity Control October 13 almost 6 electrical distribution leads and wires just over 3 degradation of insulation 10 with the remainder being classified as causes unknown
124. mart is a single cable lifeline which facilitates automatic travel through inter mediate and turn anchors with no need for manual intervention A user can pass right or left of the lifeline without having to un hook the system when changing sides This is a key feature for enhanced safety during installations cleaning or maintenance says Charlotte Megannon product manager for Becker Mining South Africa The flexibility of this system means it can be easily installed in all configurations with inclinations of up to 15 Travsmart can be mounted on traditional and low strength structures including under ceilings on walls under an inclined surface on the ground or on a post This lifeline cable system which is quick to set up without the need for heavy assembly tools eliminates the risks of an ENGEN sole sup E E liar ai Maki BFI incorrectly crimped cable end Intermediate supports can be easily changed if necessary and in the event of a fall components are replaced without having to disassemble the entire lifeline Travsmart consists of a slider which is an opening type anchor point that slides on the lifeline cable and can be positioned and re moved anywhere along the lifeline For user convenience this device can be opened with one hand only This positive locking safety slider prevents an unintentional release from the lifeline Self blocking end pieces ensure the lifeline cable
125. mbar per digit This all adds up to a compact stand alone device for the direct measurement and monitoring of pressure in the field On the one hand long routes or hose connections from the process to the con trol cabinet are eliminated On the other the frequently stipulated isolation of electrical and pneumatic systems is incredibly simple to achieve Further advantages of this system integrated solution are the short reaction times due to local measurement using only one Trimming the inventory ndress Hauser s standardised instrument platform for pres sure measurement not only helps save costs in production but also in the warehouse Measurement instruments fitted by plant build ers on skids and other pieces of process equipment can often over ly complicate the field instrument installed base and spare parts sup ply system As a result inventory warehouses contain far too many instruments from too many sup pliers This offers the procurement manager considerable cost cutting potential as it costs money to maintain material master data for every storage point and every in strument in storage The following pressure measuring instrument example clearly illustrates how inventories can be significantly slimmed down by adopting the standardised instrument platform from Endress Hauser Regardless of the measurement parameter every company is looking to standardise its instru ments and keep the number of different types
126. me performance e Online software modifications e SIF structure partitioning e Provide guidance as to application software configuration eg required function block FB library needs and FB linking e Internal Tag conventions and notations e Trip Reset requirements including interlock Permissives e Sensor and final element fault handling including field wiring e Online testing of SIF loop components mainly sensors and final elements e Interfaces with other systems specifically the DCS e Operator SIS display graphics with interaction requirements e Invalid or potentially dangerous operator commands e Sequence of events recording Software configuration The application software structure is partitioned into specific Group SIFs using certified or well proven function blocks selected from a library These are interconnected with maybe a few discrete Boolean eel os ee ee ue LOCAL RESET IF RERI LEGEND am EREN m T ALARN GA ECP BESET ET a ERS F BET FRAT Mert Bf eae WIE waat B amp O RPT LEJ T WDS Py PROCESS VALLE Te RA s REACH tp SESET CONTROL ee lia UF ALVE FALLI VI VAL WE STATUS MAM EET a October 13 Electricity Control I 25 CONTROL SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION CONTROL SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION SENSOR pred AD INPUT TRF en CONVERTER WALIE logic elements to form the required functional safety application The connections to other SIS SIF Groups as well as the external commu nication requ
127. mechanical influences from interfering with the locking function On the other hand it pro vides design leeway for the connector s moulding The two housing halves lock together automatically and directly during the insertion process Iwo stainless steel springs keep the connector locked se curely Simply activating the yellow latching button unlocks the con 22 ll Electricity Control October 13 nector The patented mechanism decouples the two housing halves which then can be separated effortlessly The integrated protection against unintentional unlocking is an important feature Rotating the yellow pushbutton by 90 is sufficient to block the unlocking mechanism so that the actuating button can not be pushed The functionally smart design also stands out from existing stand ard solutions The connector is made of high grade metal in two colours The bulkhead mounted housing has a shiny metal surface that is coordinated to the dark powder coating of the hood The con nectors are easy to clean and have no corners or edges that allow dirt to collect In addition to straight models of bulkhead mounted housings and hoods angled versions of both housing types are also available The new connectors make it possible to serve most com mon applications right from the start A further outstanding feature relates to the cable entry In addition to the cable entry for M20 cable clamps common with this size versions with an M25 opening
128. mplies wilh nalional and international WWw Surgetek co za 27 0 11 792 1303 5 standards and many of thesa products have the SABS mark of compliance These products ara used by major industries in South Africa and are specified as preferred equipment by most clients Megger Programma om pELTEC oe Ki Pele it haupa ere Sone B eee or bhi kh SURGETEK Tot 27 001 PSI Shamcal 0960 4 SURGE 78743 ema nlo surgerkiota wrewsutpelekoozs zZ kK LL kK es am de Z ese pa de Z T eS LLU Connect with us PRESSURE AND LEVEL MEASUREMENT Process calibration tools for oressure By G van Rooy Comtest Process Calibration Tools PCT is a family of tools that enables users to calibrate temperature pressure flow and electrical sensors transmitters and gauges in situ and in I amp C and I amp E shops complete pressure calibration system includes components to generate control and measure pressure and normally to log data from some or all of these functions Some systems include two or all of these functions in a single unit A procedure to adjust the unit is also usually required Pressure monitors and references are digital readouts or gauges that convert the pressure into numerical pressure units Pressure sources generate either pneumatic gas or hydraulic oil water or alcohol typically pressure For PCT field applications a h
129. n compiant Lj solutions The Smart Panel is the beginning of savings fin j improvements are only possible with Powerful technologies easy to implement aanbeet reliable informati Measuring is the first step in any energy efficiency initiatves Smart Panel automates WAGES metering at source to consolidate energy data from every buliding floor and zone effectively delivenng the real time metrics of where when and how resources are used Intellgently integrated with Innovative switchboard devices the Smart Panel leverages the acquired skills of technicians for sit deployment UNDERSTAND Consolidate the data for analysis and identifying improvements Continuous savings made sustainable The data gathered by the Smart Panel is centralized by StruxureVVare Energy Operation A secure cloud based energy management service Energy Operation generates tador to audence analyses for timely cost savings actions and investment paybacks In three simple steps Take timely and targeted actions of measure understand and save the Smart Panel maxes you for continuous energy savings the energy management specialist everyone calls 1 Measure and collect gt Integrated communication interfaces gt Embedded metering and control capabilities 4 Understand and save Data driven energy efficiency actions 2 Collect to understand Ready to connect to energy Management plationmns Want sm
130. nce amp W s ACFM 2200 is a fully automatic coal flow monitor which collects pulverised coal samples from pneumatic transport pipes between mills and burners It provides increased combustion performance and fuel savings The measured results are transmitted to the control room for evaluation and control of the coal flow The sampling operation is carried out according to the international ISO 9931standard Typical applications include routine flow measure ments adjustment of fuel distribution sampling of coal monitoring of pulverising distribution settings in connection with low NO burn ers and test firing of new coal types The sampling unit consists of 54 ll Electricity Control October 13 a motorised rotating sampler arm with four coal extraction nozzles The measuring unit separates the coal particles from the extracted gas stream and collects them in a measuring tube where the volume is measured by a fibre optics measuring device The control unit su pervises the function of all components and converts the measuring signals for display on the operator s panel facilities for remote indica tion is available The control unit can operate up to eight sampling and measuring units according to requirement M amp W Asketeknik is represented locally by OEN Enterprises Enquiries Mike Andrews Tel 011 675 4447 or email mike oenenterprises co za ROUND UP O link sensor for position and level detection he new capacitive
131. nce point In layman s terms what this means is that the more production machinery there is in operation requiring higher system flow the faster the electrical motor will run in order to meet the required preset system pressure reference point The opposite is also true that when production demand is lower and less machinery is operational requiring less cooling water the system will reduce speed to meet the required preset system pressure reference point By using the principle of having a preset system pressure it is also now possible to fully open all regulating valves in the system that are being used to throttle back the high operating pressure experienced in the system when flow demand is lower Power is now being used more efficiently by the cooling pumps and it is possible to unlock energy savings Case study Let us look at a typical real life application in the cooling pumping plant of a plastic s conversion factory and understand the level of energy savings that are achievable In our case study an existing Rapid Allweiler 65 250 pump equipped with a 214 mm impeller and coupled to a 30 kW 2 pole 2 900 RPM motor was in operation At best efficiency point 68 5 this pump is capable of providing a flow rate of 110 m Hr to an operating pressure of 5 5 Bar Currently the plant requires considerably less flow due to lower production output and as such the operating pressure increases to as much as 6 1 Bar The additional pressur
132. ncel the Input Fault MOS if in a tripped state The Process Trip is the safety related function input A Time Delay can be included which delays the trip function this is always set to at least one or two seconds if Fault Tolerance is used to allow the sensor to drive to one end but can be set longer if required such as on low flow trips if the process safety time allows The FO first out Reset is used to reset the hold on a Process Trip First Out holds any subsequent Process Trip inputs so that the operator can immediately see on the DCS Graphics what initially tripped the SIS Group within one CPU cycle time FB 01 TRIP INPUT Input Faull Fault Tolerance Eng Units ToDes The MOS Permissive is a master MOS switch controlled by the control room operator following a Work Permit enabling the testing of a SIF MOS is for the activation of the individual SIF to perform testing or maintenance which overrides the process trip but not its alarm OOS is used for an individual SIF operational override switch to enable a SIF to pass through its trip value during process start up mode it is then automatically removed based on a time interval or process value or both An output Fault Alarm is raised on a detected process input fault A 30 minute Trip Warning is given via the DCS if a manual MOS is not initiated within the four hours of an automatic MOS being initiated by an Input Fault The Trip Input is the safety fun
133. ng process Achieving compliance In reality a duty holder can demonstrate compliance with the regula tions by a variety of means of which inspection and testing is one and it is up to the duty holder to determine how this can best be achieved in relation to the risk posed in their own particular environment In doing so adequate electrical safety measures can be and in many cases are already being maintained without the imposition of an overly excessive test regime 6 ll Electricity Control October 13 Compile Asset Register Determine Environment User Construction Type Define Frequency of Test and Inspection Perform Test and Inspection Record Results Lobel Assets eam Figure 2 Demonstrating compliance The existing regulations and guidance notes have proved themselves as the basis of successful preventative maintenance programmes although it is also clear that there are undoubtedly situations where there has been over zealous implementation of the inspection and test regime In an attempt to address this concern two guidance booklets have been produced from within the PAT industry to help put the subject of inspection and test into perspective and to help duty holders act in a reasonable and practical manner A responsible PAT testing business builder is aimed at the PAT testing contractor and a common sense approach to electrical safety is intended for use by in house health and
134. ngly turning towards renewable energy and this new era of renewable energy generation while still in its early stages is nevertheless fast gaining momentum states Bradley Hemphill managing director of EES It is Highly commended agnet has won a best product award highly commended at the 2013 Green Supply Chain Awards held in Johannesburg recently The installation of a 100 locally de signed engineered and manufactured energy efficient lighting control system at Unilever s Distribution Centre DC in Johan nesburg combines two technologies for lighting control passive infrared and radio frequency says Stephan Allen Magnet s technical director This programmable light ing control system has reduced the kilowatt hour volume of the total utility bill by an average of 43 60 ll Electricity Control October 13 also vital that the country moves away from its reliance on coal fired power and reduces its carbon footprint The use of alternative clean energy sources is a natural step in the right direction The Cape where the two PV plants are sit uated and its surrounding areas have some of the highest Direct Normal Irradiance DNI values globally comparing favourably with Brazil a country where multiple solar energy plants have recently been constructed very successfully The projects are an outcome of the first round of the Department of Energy s DoE Renewable Energy Independen
135. o create up to 16 segments of A loader port comes standard to permit communication with a PC using its USB port Win UCI software is provided to make data monitoring logging easy in setting control parameters or copying parameters to another FB series controller via PC Communication capabilities include RS 232C RS 422A RS 485 and Modbus Intercontroller communication is an available option using a second port Other options include up to four event alarms heater break alarm analogue re transmission output remote setpoint power feed forward function and feedback resistance FBR Enquiries Tel 011 791 6000 or email sales iim tempcon co za Kokkedee mmm SS DM FULL U ramp soak control Contactless flow measurement rrr for flow metering of dry bulk solids with high levels of flow perfor mance MaxxFlow HTC replaces complicated or expensive mechanical solutions such as impact plates or measuring chutes With its completely open profile and low installation height MaxxFlow HTC from SWR measures almost all dry solids from the exit of pre feeding devices such as screw conveyors air slides rotary valves bucket elevators and other feeders The Maxxflow HTC works without any mechanical system and requires no expensive additional installation height irrespective of the material to be measured 14 ll Electricity Control October 13 in large mass flows The device is suitable whenever large quantities of
136. oducts What s critical to you is critical to us ELN Powering Business Worldwide Where performance meets efficiency 27 11 824 7400 InfoSouthAfrica Eaton com www eaton co za CONTROL SYSTEMS AND AUTOMATION ROUND UP Minimise plant downtime and cost lants designed in document type applications with deliverables in document format only proved that plant downtime cost in creased over time due to documentation not being kept up to date purely because too many documents have to be updated manually With designs being done within a database application ensures that changes like tag changes only have to be made once in one place and all associated documents list and reports would be updated simultaneously thus minimising plant downtime and cost through out the plant lifecycle The DesSoft application comprises hookups datasheets built in report designer racking and routing cable block diagrams auto generation of loop and termination diagrams tem plate style diagrams in various formats like DWG VSD etc Some benefits of database applications e As there is no duplication of information engineering is more efficient e Information can be accessed edited by all users with administra tive rights from a central database Robust Ethernet I O for hazardous locations oxa has introduced Ethernet I O ioLogik E1200 series with Class Division 2 ATEX Zone 2 certification This robust remote I O meets the demanding
137. of frequency and amplitude changes allows for accurate determination of solid flow Non moving particles like dust accumulation are excluded 50 Itt Electricity Control October 13 from calculations The measurement is very fast and therefore also sudden fluctuations in mass flow are detected The installation is simple and cost effective via a weld in socket i e a robust stainless steel version through which the sensor is screwed flush with the inside of the pipe which enables contactless measuring There are no armatures protrud ing into the pipe and the device is abrasion and maintenance free The sensitivity ad justment makes it possible to measure with the MF3000 in very small or very large pipe diameters The sensor is connected to a gal vanic separated DIN rail mounted transmitter with limit alarm monitoring including alarm contact Measurement values can be output either as analogue 4 20 mA or digital RS 232 and RS485 signal for connection to a process stability and reliability even under the most challenging operating conditions The sensors have a compact design since sensor and evaluation electronics are housed in one unit and they provide greater flexibil ity thanks to their M12 M18 M30 and M50 stainless steel housings In addition their 5m silicone cable allows terminals to be outside the critical area Enquiries Chris Cronj Tel 012 450 0370 or email chris cronje ifm com control system The dist
138. offset of the conversion of electrical signal from the sensor into a 4 20 milliamp signal Calibrating the sensor requires a pressure source such as a handheld pump and a reference calibrator such as a Fluke 700G if the sensor can be removed from the circuit or a reference calibrator placed in circuit adjacent to the sensor Calibrating the transmitter requires a multi function calibrator or documenting process calibrator If the sensor or transmitter is found to be out of tolerance the span and offset have to be adjusted on the transmitter If the transmitter uses a digital communication protocol the span and offset is adjusted through a digital communicator or with a documenting process cali brator capable of digital communication Otherwise trim pots on the transmitter are used to adjust the span and offset in pes Figure 2 Electronic deadweight tester Why calibrate The need to achieve consistent results is one of the most important reasons why we calibrate Accuracy is an important feature of a cali brator You may need a particular level of accuracy to comply with standards that specify a test accuracy ratio TAR or test uncertainty ration TUR For example many standards require a 4 1 ratio between the specified tolerance of the device under test DUT and the accuracy or uncertainty of the calibration equipment Figure 3 Deadweight testers generate and contro pressure in a calibration system Figure 5 Digit
139. olids under difficult process condi tions Compared with conventional radar sensors the instrument has a considerably higher signal sensitivity which ensures that the measurement works reliably even dur ing filling The sensor is not in contact with the product and its function is independent of the dust and noise which are generated during the filling process This continuous monitoring also means dependable logistics planning is possible temperature transmitters are characterised by a compact and hygienic design with integrated adapters as well as a display for local temperature indication Protected to IP 69K standards Further applications for VEGAPULS 68 are in the bark silos as well as the blowing tank following the pulp digester The sensor is a cost effective and reliable measuring instru ment which is easy to install and wear and maintenance free Enquiries VEGA Instruments SA Tel 011 795 3249 or email info za vega com F Ta ie Fea a ae u a i i easy installation No complex set up is required as the transmitters are supplied with a pre scaled measuring range For special applications the temperature range can be conveniently scaled via O Link 1 1 TD and featuring a fully welded high grade stainless steel housing the transmitters are designed to operate in particularly harsh applications Enquiries Chris Cronj Tel 012 450 0370 or email chris cronje ifm com Increased combustion performa
140. on cables visually In addition to identifying the presence of potentially failure causing PD activity they are equally valuable at assuring operators when cables are functioning without PD being present and thus at low risk of failure Conclusion Cable failure rates can be reduced by dedicated lifecycle asset man agement from cable procurement through installation operation maintenance right up to replacement at the end of cable service life In particular they can be reduced by eliminating root causes from the installation phase for new cables and detecting hidden failures on aged cables by VLF and PD testing in maintenance stage Acknowledgement This article is based on a paper presented by Ying Wang at the EEA Electricity Engineers Association Conference and Exhibition New Zealand in June 2013 Following 13 years at AECOM as a principal cable engineer Ying Wang joined EA Technology Australia in March 2012 as principal consultant power systems working on condition based risk management in power systems asset management for Australian and New Zealand clients Based in New Zealand she is an elec trical engineer with 30 years engineering consultancy experience in the electric power and coal mining industries Enquiries Email ying wang eatechnology com au john hartford eatechnology com Tel 011 432 6958 or email fred ipiholdings co za Aout the author ROUND UP Getting process cabling right
141. ortable and may be set up as a small business for instant income Enquiries Tel 084 072 7078 her beth i Mashka Taylor and Crosby Menzies of SunFire Solutions with the SunFire Solar Dish and other fuel efficient appliances Enquiries Email Crosby Pretoria High School for Girls was one of many schools well represented at sunfire co za the Summit Danie Heymans of Hands on Technologies with a robot created Kalaivani Pillay and Naadiera Patel Siemens from Lego Enquiries Visit www handsontech co za 70 ll Electricity Control October 13 6th SA innovation Summit continued amp Gary Murray and David Stratford of Wintec Innovation showing furniture The SABS Design Institute joined the IDC Telkom Sasol and Eskom as an created using StratFlex technology Enquiries Email info wintec co za official design partner in the Summit Designed to fly are Grace Ramadi Pako Magagane Koketso Komane and Ntwanano Mamitwa Sustainable education development Wear control specialist Filter Focus and library resource service provider Qualibooks have teamed up with Love Trust charity to provide underprivileged children in Tembisa with a brighter future through education The company decided to support Nokuphila due to the inspiring work being undertaken at the school Chief operating office Craig FitzGerald said This is a project that is dear to the hearts of many Filter Focus employees and we see tremend
142. ous value in what it is being achieved there Enquiries Email cfitz filterfocus co za z i 7 4 x i m O a zen kl J 3 Wy EN a de qu vi Ns Left Filter Focus Craig FitzGerald and Magada Sly Right Children at Nokuphila School October 13 Electricity Control I 71 DEHN Kirk S Risch sales manager Johannes Oelofse sales engineer Edgar Botes business development manager Alexis Barwise managing director front APPOINTMENTS eeeseesesesee es CLIPBOARD EPLAN BLM Software amp Service Sefie van Schalkwyk technical support consultant Q MUSTS FOR YOUR DIARY Q Syntell Sustainability 2013 Forum 11 13 November 2013 Hyatt Rosebank Hotel Johannesburg The African forum for municipal financial sus tainability designed for African metropolitan district and local municipalities and traffic authorities local and provincial government councils and cities from across the continent This interactive event will showcase the latest technologies and best practices for effective revenue management including revenue col lection and procurement in order to improve service delivery Enquiries Tel 021 700 4300 or email Zayeen daniels hypenica com 8th Southern African Energy Efficiency Convention 2013SAEEC 13 amp 14 November 2013 Emperors Palace Gauteng This two day convention will feature over 70 speakers 50 exhibitors an
143. outlet In particular it is important to minimise the use of power strips as much as possible trying instead to limit the use of each outlet to the two plugs it provides If the building is very old it may have very few plug outlets and circuits as plug in appliances and equipment were not as numerous when the building was erected A costly but effective measure to reduce stress on each circuit is to have an electrician run new wiring and install new circuit breakers on the electrical panel Secondly frayed wiring either in an appliance power cord or in the building s wiring poses a major risk of electrical fires and must be discarded and replaced While electrical tape can be used to provide temporary protection against arcing or melting of exposed conduc tors it should not be used as a permanent solution Thirdly it is important to remember that electrical wiring only has a lifespan of about 30 or 40 years so buildings older than that may be relying on deteriorated wiring In addition older wiring setups Standards are in place to protect the public In 2011 in South Africa 9 of building fires were attributed to electrical faults Faulty electric wiring can be the cause of fires 40 ll Electricity Control October 13 were not typically designed to handle today s large electrical loads Heavy reliance on extension cords or if your circuit breakers trip often means that more power is being drawn than the old wiring
144. paper mills as well as near shore and offshore oil and gas installations All DVC6200 series instruments utilise a patented linkage less non contact feedback design to detect valve position This valve positioning technology eliminates any travel feedback issues caused by corrosion high cycle or high vibration applications In addition to external protection corrosion resistance is found within the stainless steel housing with the digital controller s fully encapsulated printed wiring boards Internal component protection is further enhanced by a separate weather tight field wiring terminal box that isolates the field wiring connection from other areas of the instrument With over one million units installed worldwide Fieldvue digital valve controllers prove highly suited to difficult pro cess environments where they provide unmatched valve operation The DVC6200 series is offered with CSA IECEx ATEX and FM hazardous area approvals as well as other certifications approvals It is also listed in the Lloyd s Register for industrial marine and offshore use Enquiries Email Danielle Aychouh emerson com or mark tapson emerson com ROUND UP Efficient consistent pressure sensors O Link is a simple point to point com munication protocol between an IO Link enabled device typically a sensor or actuator and an IO Link master This tech nology has now been implemented in ifm electronic s PN7 series pressure sensors I
145. pends substantially on the interaction of all the integrated systems In addition a number of safety devices are required and stipulated A few examples of these are the brake system fire and lightning protection equipment and beacon and lighting systems They all have in common concepts for a modular configuration for the turbine as a whole The advantage here is obvious individual components can be manufactured and tested completely in the factory and the transport to the installation site and the assembly are uncomplicated When servicing is required this concept allows simple replacement of in dividual components This approach is complete when the interfaces between the respective components have been unambiguously de fined and allow simple connection using connectors New concepts can consequently follow the current trend which demands a lean and green product design For implementing powerful interfaces Harting has introduced a connector series that is coordinated to the current and future re quirements in the renewable energy production sector The starting point for the new Han Yellock 10 development was formed by the larger Han Yellock 30 and 60 versions that have already established themselves on the market Like these the new series also features a locking mechanism that is integrated into the connector housing The encapsulation that this achieves offers two important advantages On the one hand it keeps dirt and external
146. per projects that are positioned to increase the demand and utilisation of this ductile metal throughout Africa Enquiries Tel 011 824 3916 or email evert swanepoel copperalliance org za About the author ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network IT Information Technology LEMP Lightning electromagnetic impulses PC Personal Computer PV Photovoltaic Abbreviations Lightning and surge protection for PV systems on solar plants By A Barwise DEHN Protection South Africa Measures to protect the sensitive electronic system components from failure due to lightning flashes and surges are essential n recent years photovoltaic PV systems have become a significant sector within the energy market with the International Energy Agency in 2011 saying that The development of affordable inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer term benefits It will increase countries energy security through reliance on an indigenous inexhaustible and mostly import independent resource enhance sustainability reduce pollution lower the costs of mitigat ing climate change and keep fossil fuel prices lower than otherwise These advantages are global Given that these costly plants are frequently subject to cli matic influence measures to protect the sensitive electronic system components from failure due to lightning flashes and surges are essential Lightning surges in the PV system can damag
147. periodic testing of portable electric appliances has been performed in the UK for over three decades and within certain sectors it was common practice before the introduction of the Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 sets out to raise the standards of safety within industry and commerce but nowhere in the documentation is there a specific requirement for the testing of portable appliances There is however an onus on the duty holder to ensure that equipment in the workplace is maintained to prevent danger It is this obligation that introduces an implied requirement ences in testing regimes between different types of user shows that organisations that perform their own tests tend to integrate portable appliance inspection and testing into broader health and safety and asset management policies Rates of test failure The extent of portable appliance test failure is illustrated by an industry analysis of 80 000 portable appliance inspection and test reports that have been performed by both in house test engineers and contract test companies across a wide range of industry sectors Detailed analysis of 43 000 records from organisations in differ ent sectors showed an average electrical appliance failure rate of 1 7 indicating that the presence of over 1 300 potentially danger ous appliances in the full sample would not have been discovered if inspection and testing had not been carried out
148. ppliances and leads were the cause of 25 of all accidental fires in non residential buildings Between 2000 and 2011 excluding 2010 for which no breakdown ESC Electricity Safety Council FPA Fire Protection Association HSE Health amp Safety Executive PAT Portable Appliance Testing WHS Work Health amp Safety Abbreviations is available each year faulty appliances and leads were identified as the cause of between 25 and 32 of accidental fires in non dwell ing type buildings According to statistics collated by the Fire Protection Association FPA between 2000 and 2005 in 346 reported fires that were electri cal in origin in business premises the reported losses totalled over 178 M with an average loss per incident of over 51 000 Feee Foal Feby dpon Mead Chia en Fes Fwy vith Fa Coden cha Seppin k leah iaer edig ie as kiied Cou D Aje gl Fe or Een Hot Silanes Figure 1 Causes of accidental fires in buildings other than dwellings from 1999 2000 to 2010 11 Courtesy Fire Statistics Great Britain Individual experiences Other evidence demonstrating the dangers and hazards associated with the use of unsafe electrical appliances featured strongly at the Electrical Safety Council s 2013 Product Safety Conference where a number of organisations reported on their own experiences Individual presentations included the following facts e London Fire Brigade reported 891 f
149. program ming and display unit for the company s MA range of motor protection relays The MA RDU 216 permits the user to set all protection parameters and monitor the actual values while the motor is in operation It also allows the user to view the fault alarms and real time clock logged faults A dongel connected in line with the serial commu nication cable is required in order to alter any settings eliminating unauthorised alterations If the dongel is not available read only functions are tolerated by the device All values It is also used to prompt the operator as to which key to press in the event of a multiple key stroke sequence The MA RDU 216 accommodates up to eight memory slots that are useful for stor ing information even when the auxiliary power supply is removed to allow the set ting parameters to be downloaded to the appropriate MA motor protection relay This benefits maintenance personnel who no longer require to use excessive time to set the relays up on site functions are accessible via a membrane keypad while the 2 x 16 backlit LCD display is used to indicate the menu driven requested Enquiries Luc Dutrieux Tel 012 327 1729 or email sales newelec co za Insulated tools and equipment AUPA s 1 000 V insulated tools are manu factured and tested in accordance with the latest conditions set out in national and international standards If the additional safety measures are observed the
150. r a solution that is really on the level Talk to us Ez Part of your business October 13 Electricity Control 55 PRESSURE AND LEVEL MEASUREMENT PRESSURE AND LEVEL MEASUREMENT Reliable dust measurement WR Engineering s ProSens dust moni tor operates on the triboelectric prin ciple If the dust to be measured is constant then the generated measuring signal is proportional to the dust concentration even if there are dust deposits on the measuring probe This measuring method provides accurate results with little maintenance The measuring device provides measure ment values for dust concentration either as a trend signal or as absolute values for emission measurement ProSens is used when the dust concentration is to be output as an absolute value in mg m3 or for exact measurements even with large channel diameters as well as for applications in hazardous explosion zones GasEx Zone 1 DustEx Zone 20 The instrument is ideally suited for the measurement of dust con centration even at high temperatures The measuring system consists of a welded cas ing to serve as a sensor receptacle a PMS sensor and the PME 100 transmitter The unit can be supplied in a field housing with touch panel display or as a DIN Rail version In the case of a DIN Rail version software for parameter setting is supplied SWR is represented locally by OEN Enterprises Enquiries Mike Andrews Tel 011 675 4447
151. r the prevention i F of loose connections a gt df JOHANNESBURG Tet O10 202 3300 A l T yy CAPE TOWN Tel 021 510 0710 se PINETOWN Tel 031 700 4215 la No a x I GERMIS TON Tet O71 418 9600 MIGS RIVERHORSE Opening May 2013 Distributors and Franchises throughout Souther Africa Complete solution of quality circuit breakers for all installations Easy installation wire busbar amp quick connect 47CXV Range an elegant and modem designed drstributian board range A full MCS solution from Gewiss the Ist company to develop the Compact Miniature Circuit Breaker occupying only 50 of the space but still providing 100 af the protection The innovative 90 MCB range boasts a breaking capacity from 4 5 to 25kA with nominal currents from TA to 1254 all offered in a DIN rail MCB with SABS Certification on all ranges Residual current devices are available addressing all IEC required sensitivity ratings from TOMA ta S00mA combining overloads and short circuit protection The offer is completed by a full range of Isolators Auxiliaries and all din rail accessories to address any requirement These components are all complimented by a superior GEWISS Range of modern and sophisticated distribution boards A truly world class Italian designed solution offering ROUND UP Point level detection ammapilot FTG20 the latest instrument from Endress Hauser for point level de tection combines all of the streng
152. ral facilities where valuable items such as artworks or documents would usually be damaged by other fire suppressing agents Enquiries Clinton Hodgson Tel 011 806 2069 or email chodgson mmm com HA Mofutho bridge wins SAHDGA Awards e Current amp Product News onsulting engineers Royal Haskoning DHV received accolades for a recently completed project the HA Mofutho Pedes trian Bridge in Lesotho from the SA Hot Dip Galvanizers Association at their awards function held recently at the Montecasino complex in Fourways Johannesburg Not only did the HA Mofutho Bridge win its category Infrastructure and Community development but was awarded the overall prize winning the coveted WGS Barnett Trophy The Kingdom of Lesotho Ministry of Public Works and Transport appointed Royal HaskoningDHV then SSI to carry out engi neering investigations detailed design and preparation of detailed drawings and tender documents and the site supervision of the construction of a pedestrian bridge across the Senqu River near the village of HA Mofutho in Quacha s Nek District a very remote area in Lesotho The footbridge provides ac cess for pedestrians and do mestic animals between the vil lages of Tsoelike also known as Auplus in HA Makhaola and HA Mofutho Previously river cross ing took place by small boats or directly through the river during low flow conditions but access during the rainy season was hazardous
153. re is no need for an additional predator net Copper also demonstrates corrosion resistant properties in marine environments which has made it the material of choice for decades in traditional applications such as condenser tubing water intake screens ship hulls offshore structure and sheathing Additionally in the marine environment the antimicrobial and algaecidal properties of copper alloys actually prevent biofouling making them a viable alternative to chemical biocides It is the combination of all of these properties high strength corro sion resistance and antifouling that has made copper alloys a desir able material for marine applications with the aquaculture industry now actively deploying copper alloy netting and structural materials in commercial large scale fish farming operations around the world and more recently on the African continent too concludes Swanepoel Enquiries Copper Development Association Africa Tel 011 824 3916 or email evert swanepoel copperalliance org za between 3 kW up to around 1 MW directly to customers SUNfarming in Germany ensures quality controlled manufacturing and shipping of its high performance mono and polycrystalline silicon solar cell modules which are all TUV certified Enquiries Yolanda de Lange Tel 041 367 1041 or email y delange suncy com a SUNfarming Headquarters in Germany j elecom Power WN a Our energy workin
154. requirements of a variety of hazardous applications and enhances the safety and reliability for remote monitoring in harsh environments In some hazardous areas fires and explosions could occur when a hazardous gas and energy source combine Automation system components need to be properly designed to be installed in this kind of environment to eliminate the risk of an accidental explosion Moxa s Class Division 2 ATEX Zone 2 Ethernet remote I O products are designed to provide an industrial grade solution to monitor remote devices used in harsh environments Key features e Active communication with patented Active OPC Server e 2 port Ethernet switch for daisy chain topologies e Save time and wiring cost with peer to peer commu nication e User defined Mod bus TCP address ing e UL cUL Class Divi sion 2 ATEX Zone 2 certification Enquiries Tel 011 781 0777 or email info rjconnect co za LELEELEL LEGGE EEaEens 34 ll Electricity Control October 13 e Concurrent license management reduces total license cost e PLC code SCADA graphic can be designed faster with our user tools e Documents lists reports are generated automatically from the database e Data can be imported and exported for re use e Checking and rework limits most traditional documentation to much less accuracy where 100 accuracy is possible within DesSoft applications Thus greater accuracy at less cost e More accurate design means less ons
155. rgy Production amp Consumption Intelligent amp Proactive Load Shadding Monitoring i Energy Control Management _ Intelligent Load Shedding Pradictive Simulation Applicd Energy Solutions Contact us today for information Tel 011 7819513 Fax 086 260 6905 Mobile 083382 1302 www etap sa co za October 13 Electricity Control Il 15 ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION CABLES AND ACCESSORIES Reducing failure in underground cables By Y Wang EA Technology Group Launched in 2013 the cable data collector is a test instrument which measures partial discharge activity in live distribution voltage cables without the need to de energise them hen maintained in good condition underground cable distribution systems provide an exceptionally high security of supply compared with overhead line systems due to a low incidence of failure from external causes such as severe weather or external accidents However underground cables are subject to deterioration from a range of root causes and without dedicated asset management the systems will inevitably under perform As most cable failure root causes can be traced back to the manu facture installation and operation phases it is believed that utility cable asset management should start at an early stage and continue throughout the cable s lifecycle Management involvement is required from the procurement phase through installation and maintenance righ
156. rings HV solutions to Africa frica s economy is growing faster than any other continent and one third of Africa s countries have GDP growth rates of more than 6 annually according to the African Development Bank AfDB With tre mendous economic and population growth comes a greater need to build out reliable safe and efficient electrical infrastructure Building on their commitment to be closer to customers in Africa GE and XD Electric Group today announced the formation of a new partnership that combines GE s intelligent controls with XD Electric s com prehensive portfolio of high voltage equip ment Originally announced in May 2012 the partnership expands GE s capabilities as a leading provider of transmission and distribution T amp D solutions and creates a new global competitor to provide utilities and energy intensive industries with high voltage HV solutions In Africa we re focused on grid expansion projects and greenfield network intercon nections as we continue to create a modern power grid that is stable resilient and energy efficient said Amen Saeed senior product manager for GE s digital energy business Luis Perez general manager for EMEA GE s digital energy business Africa Adding high voltage capabilities will help our utility customers to transmit power with minimal losses over long distances and rough terrains from the generation point to the consumers in large cities We ll also
157. rter Assemblies are available unfused or fused with three fuses and three blown fuse indicators AccuSine PCS active harmonic filter AHF injects harmonic and reactive current to limit harmonic distortion and improve displacement power factor for the electrical distribution system As a full spectrum product AccuSine PCS measures the entire load current removes the fundamental frequency component and injects the inverse of the remaining wave form for nearly complete cancellation of harmonic current Enquiries Belinda Aslett Tel 011 254 6400 or email belinda aslett schneider electric com ROUND UP Phase angle meters easy to use MI egger s PAM400 phase angle meters are compact lightweight fast and easy to use They offer a convenient and cost effective solution for a wide range of applications including checking polyphase metering installations testing protective relays making comparative tests in electri cal substations and verifying phase angle deviation on power transformers The PAM400 range includes two models The PAM410 provides facilities for accurately and quickly measuring the phase angle be tween two voltages two currents or between one current and one voltage Voltages up to 500 V and currents up to 25 A can be con nected directly to the instrument and the current range can be readily extended by using external current transformers The instrument displays phase angle directly Motor protection for
158. s Repeatability is 0 01 millimetres This linear sensor can be used in a wide range of applica tions but is especially suited to handling and assembly or in machine tools Enquiries Temperature Controls Tel 011 791 6000 or email sales tempcon co za 10 ll Electricity Control October 13 infrared thermometer where there is monitoring of tempera ture during the process e Petrochemicals maintenance of the exterior of the kiln temperature moni toring the surface temperature of the reformer tubes The Fluke 572 2 measures between 30 C to 900 C with 1 accuracy Measurements from further away are accurate with a 60 1 distance to spot ratio with dual laser sighting for fast accurate targeting It displays current temperature plus MAX MIN DIF and AVG temperature with adjustable emissivity and predefined emissivity tables The unit features a multiple language user select interface and is compatible with ROUND UP standard K type mini connector thermocou ple probe KTC and is shipped with a USB 2 0 computer interface cable Enquiries Comtest Tel 011 608 8520 or email info comtest co za First in torque measurement orenz Messtechnik has developed a digital torque transducer which interfaces directly with PC software to log and record torque speed and angle measure ments The DR 3000 rotating torque transducers are available in capacities from 0 5 to 5 000 Nm and are supplied with traceabl
159. s Ladder Boolean including Function Block Diagrams or Sequen tial Flow Chart also referred to as State Transition Diagrams The author s personal preference is Boolean with Function Blocks which has a high degree of configuration flexibility and is well understood by most control systems practitioners It is good practice to follow the external failsafe principle ie logic 1 or 24 Vdc being the normal healthy state and Logic 0 or 0 Vdc being the safe tripped state right through to the functional logic One of the prime requirements is that the software safety functions together with applicable software sys tematic capabilities are well specified to enable initial design these are defined in the Software SRS The software execution plan should define the strategy for procurement development normally by the SIS Logic Solver vendor integration with other systems verification validation and any required modifications following a management of change MOC procedure As with the overall SIS safety lifecycle a specific software safety lifecycle is also followed refer to Figure 2 Verification and overall software validation testing will use the typical V model where each step is cross checked to ensure compli ance and correctness that the output requirements of the previous step satisfies the input requirements of the next Software is often developed which consists of both safety and non safety related func tions and these sho
160. s especially interesting in the use of aggressive abrasive or coarse materials or in cases of extreme pressures and temperatures The use of microwaves also ensures a high level of insensitivity to any caking on the sensor window Pro Gap is compact in design and no sepa rate electronics are required The Pro Gap S model can also be applied in Ex zones by means of a process adapter Enquiries Mike Andrews Tel 011 675 4447 or email mike oenenterprises co za e Fi I gra os Pr temperatures from 196 to 450 C pressures from 1 to 160 bar all liquids The new patented drive of VEGASWING 66 as well as extremely temperature resistant materials make it possible Point level switch and overfill protection device More reliable than capacitive probes and float Liquid gas vessels boilers and distillation switches columns Double security through second line of defence Quick function test via keypress All approvals and up to SILS www vega com VEGASWING Phone 27 11 795 3249 LOOKING Fo ENERGY AND ENVIROFICIENCY VSDs power saving In cooling pump systems By A Chalmers Irri Gator Products If VSDs are applied correctly substantial power savings can be realised However find the right person suitably qualified to undertake a thorough investigation of any pumping plant before embarking on the capital outlay for this machinery umerous production facilities
161. s is then followed by the actual Group Trip and Resets information and lastly we have the Trip Outputs There are a number of Help buttons which when selected pop up a window to assist the operator with additional information Under the ESD Group description a Help button describes the overall safety function of that SIS Group The Permissives are displayed and need to be satisfied to allow a safe SIS Group Reset following a trip once the Group is reset then the Permissives play no further part Should any Permissive input be faulty there is a short Manual Over ride of 30 seconds under permit conditions to allow the SIS Group to be reset provided all Trip Inputs are healthy All the Group SIF Trip Inputs are shown each with a Help button which describes that specific safety function Should any input be faulty its respective Tag will start flashing Clicking on an input Tag will pop up the respective process value faceplate a good feature when performing loop testing and maintenance Any trip time delay of five seconds or more will be indicated Each SIF will have its own MOS for online periodic input testing and maintenance it will flash on an Automatic MOS initiation from a faulty input if Fault Tolerance is selected and be permanently lit on a Manual MOS initiation If the SIF has a process start up OOS this will also be displayed when in operation The Group Trip and Reset section displays the overall SIS Group state first ther
162. se together with no locknuts required They are also designed to provide optimum strain relief for longer cable runs Cables are available for different applications with unique abilities for dif ferent industries and applications Advanced EMC shielding is provided to ensure high performance of equipment at all times The cables are specially designed in Germany with assistance from representatives from various industries including machinery construction automobile production au tomation engineering and various other suppliers Helukabel products are certified by leading global quality and standards authorities Enquiries Doug Gunnewegh Tel 011 462 8752 or email doug gunnewegh helukabel co za CABLES AND ACCESSORIES SAFE 4 ABERDARE SAFE i OUSE Aa OEE Quality industrial cabling is critical to ensure plant reliability Suppliers you can trust ALTROH wer by Powertech O Current Voltage transducers From OC to 100 kH AC LEM Aye at the heart of power electronics LEM have a current vollage transducer for every power electronic and process automation application Features Galvanic isolation no insertion loss ultra high accuracy up to 0 004 fast response TRMS types wide range TA 20 KA DC and AC types split core de signs current sensing switches and more Technologies Open Loop Closed Loop Hall Rogowski Fluxgate Zero Flux detection Probe Produc
163. surements as well as for diode tests In this mode the bandwidth is 200 kHz In multimeter mode triggering on measurement thresholds is available on both channels Calculated on 2 500 points the FFT analysis can be set au tomatically using the autoset key The 10 bit conversion provides an improved dynamic range of 60 dB The OX 6000 II models can record very slow signals with a recording rate in pt s min or h over long periods Their acquisition interval can be as little as 40 us between two measurements Enquiries Justin Clarkson Tel 011 608 8541 Visit www testinstrumentsafrica com High performance process controller short case KC Instrument has introduced the FB100 high performance tem perature process controller with an accuracy of 0 1 The 1 16 DIN is housed in a panel saving 74 mm short case which has NEMA4X and IP66 waterproof and dustproof protection Sampling time can be selected as 50 ms 100 ms or 250 ms depend ing on the application A special start up tuning feature calculates optimum PID values and eliminates time that conventional autotun ing or a more advanced Brilliant Il autotuning feature which allows selectable PID control Available from Temperature Controls the FB100 has a universal input and three digital outputs A multi memory area function stores up to eight sets of control parameters and may be set easily through front key operation DI or communications The multi memory area may be used t
164. system at the manufacturing plant has over ten stations each of which can be used to form four bottles simultane ously and each station is operated using 18 servomotors The entire system is controlled numerically so that parameters can be accessed and stored quickly and easily Electricity Control Features November 2013 Plant maintenance test and measurement Temperature measurement Energy and EnviroFiciency e Drives motors and switchgear e Control systems and automation e Lighting Send editorial contributions to Wendy Izgorsek editor Email ec crown co za Advertising queries Helen Couvaras Email helencou crown co za Heidi Jandrell Email heidij tiscali co za Tel 011 622 4770 36 ll Electricity Control October 13 Current Automation POWER SOLUTIO PROVIDERS 16 Staal Street Kya Sand Randburg 2162 Gauteng PO Box 2051 North Riding 2162 Email ca rectifier co za www rectifier co za www solar solutions co za Tel 010 591 1713 Fax 011 462 0420 ae Aeca A Je AA meme ff victron energ MW Sk ACO ft COTEK QYETEK Out ack Anena Overen eero The Sunny Islands offer you first class possibilities in the installation of self sufficient energy systems In mn conjunction with a battery pack the devices form a self sufficient AC voltage grid which meets with the highest of quality standards eo z SUNNY ISLAND 6 0H 230 V 172 5 V
165. t Power Pro ducers Programme REIPPP which reached financial close in late 2012 Integral to the This project involved the installation of the control systems for the warehouse lighting occupancy sensors control for outside light ing beneath the canopies and a reduction in the number of luminaires in over lit areas for example the inbound outbound storage and cages areas inside the warehouse Unilever was the winner in the best project category between R1 M and R10 M for this energy saving project Enquiries Tel 031 274 1057 or email sales magnetgroup co za Magnet s Stephan Allen receives the award from Susan Custers Promech Publishing REIPPP is a structured policy framework helping facilitate the country s Integrated Resource Plan IRP which is expected to change the power generation paradigm forever Enquiries Email Bradley hemphill eeslive com CSP plant for Northern Cape onstruction of a 50 MW concentrated solar power CSP plant began on 12 August 2013 on the farm Bokpoort near Upington in the Northern Cape with a projected completion date of 2015 The project will employ up to 600 people from the surrounding communities during construction and 53 people during its operation Of the people employed during construction 30 will be previously disadvantaged people from the area Handling the independent Environmental Impact Assessment which includes an Environmental Management Plan EMP as we
166. t situation Conclusion During this investigation it was concluded that the original pump selection could have been more optimal but after consultation with the plant manager it was understood that the pump was originally oversized to cater for additional plant growth and is thus currently under utilised at the expense of additional power being consumed With the year on year increase in the cost of electricity in South Africa it remains imperative that any quality plant manager would be searching for feasible processes and products to achieve energy savings It goes without saying that a VSD is a fantastic tool and if applied correctly can unlock substantial savings on the power bill but it is imperative that a thorough investigation of any pumping plant is conducted by a suitably qualified person before embarking on the capital outlay for this machinery Where the system flow rate and system operating pressure can change from time to time during operation it is well worth investigating the feasibility of implement ing VSDs as an energy saving measure VSDs offer many other benefits such as enhanced motor protection and if lower operational machinery speeds are achievable less plant maintenance is likely to be required Alister Chalmers joined CL Cameron Planned Irrigation in 1981 where he started out as a system installer later becoming system designer In 1986 he joined Gili Irrigation and in 1987 a eb Z CO TE
167. t up to replacement at the end of the cable s service life Failure modes and root causes Most cable types used for underground cable distribution networks are paper insulated cable oil filled paper insulated cable and XLPE with the trend of increasing the use of XLPE cable Paper insulated cables with a lead sheath and protected on the outside by steel armour tape have in general given very good service as is evidenced in the fact that many of the pre war cables are still giving satisfactory service In New Zealand for example a service life of 70 years is expected for PILC cables Failures on PILC cables are mainly age related as these cables have reached the end of their service lives The main failure mode is deterioration of the paper insulation over a long term due to partial discharge PD Oil filled paper insulated cables are known as PD free in the paper insulation This feature gives the cable insulation almost infinite life However many utilities have experienced oil leak issues and treat oil leaks as the main failure mode It is easy to know if an oil filled cable is leaking oil but it is expensive to locate and repair the leak The oil leak is usually due to metallic sheath corrosion caused by moisture ingression XLPE cables were first installed in the late 1960s the first genera tion of XLPE cable had a poor service record with many having a far shorter service life than expected due to issues in construction design
168. th ie less radiation than in conven tional radiometric point level detectors The Gammapilot FTG20 uses the HistoROM concept which has already been tried and tested in other product lines Factors such as ease of installation and commissioning due to the separate housing concept provide cost savings over its entire lifecycle The HistoROM system provides self moni toring of electronics and all of the data relevant to the operation of the instrument is cyclically stored This makes recalibration in case of the exchange of electronics superfluous Normal decay is compensated for in the software Enquiries Jan Gerritsen Tel 011 262 8000 or email info za endress com Ca Bang Adee SR CAPE TOWN 27 0 21 593 4190 LTH Electronics has developed the new MxD 70 series specifically for the measurement of Conductivity pH Redox ORP and or Dissolved Oxygen It s flexible enough to be installed with a combination of up to three sensor input cards allowing you to control measure and transmit up to three process measurements using a single instrument es MXD73 Compact 96 DIN IP66 Panel mount option MXD75 IP66 Surface Pipe mount version 33 4 QVGA Backlit LCD display provides clear indication as single or multiple measurements e Reduce costs and installation requirements by using a single two or three input controller instead of multiple instruments TEMPERATURE CONTROLS PTY LTD KWAZULU NATAL 27 0 31 705 3
169. ths of the brand uncompromising quality the highest degree of safety for users more efficient pro cesses and substantial cost savings over its entire lifecycle Based on Geiger Muller technology the Gammapilot FTG20 has the highest measure ment sensitivity for the automation industry in its class The Gammapilot FTG20 consists of two separate units A detector which contains one to three Geiger Muller counter tubes and a transmitter The latter first converts the measured value into a switching command and then provides the switching in form of a relay or a 8 16 mA output Both units detector and transmitter are connected via a cable which is available in lengths of 5 10 and 20 m This guarantees the highest degree of flexibility in installation The device features a modular design and can therefore be used with one two or even three Geiger Muller counter tubes with Lim You wished and the penny dropped The New LTH MXD70 Ser Electronics ry rT parence ann Te Fil i bP krk r 4 1 Ld i d E LTF HEAD OFFICE 27 0 11 791 6000 www tempcon co za ies ENE Ik p very high sensitivity In addition the concept permits the device to fit perfectly into any application and to reach very low radiation values even in the shortest switching time of 0 4 seconds The separate transmitter provides additional safety The installation staff can commission the instrument without being exposed to the radiation pa
170. tion Defect in insulation Thermal ageing Electric treeing Corrosion due to outer sheath Installation damage Cable environment Thermal runaway As for PILC cable type Installation Operation Table 1 Cable types failures root causes and phases in cable lifecycle Outer metallic sheath arcing For almost all cable condition related failures the root causes can be traced back to the manufacture installation or operation phases in the cable lifecycle With installation condition becoming more difficult and complex as green field becomes less available cable installation has become the predominant factor in building a reliable underground cable network The following examples are related to cable installation and operation issues Figure 1 Local heating caused by cable installation configuration Substa tion exit cable photo courtesy AECOM In Figure 1 multiple feeder cables are laid over each other without appropriate separation The cables are poorly arranged in the trench with unsuitable material installed as the cable backfill resulting in overheating and accelerated ageing Figure 2 220 kV Transformer cable buried in sand photo courtesy AECOM PD Partial Discharge PILC Paper Insulated Lead Covered Cable VLF Very Low Frequency XLPE Cross Linked Polyethylene Abbreviations Figure 2 was taken from a thermal survey that was conducted to as sess cable trench soil and
171. to 1 800 mm the range also offers high and low resolution for finger hand and body protection and includes presence control With the growing demand for safety in the workplace the 15 line offers the same safety features and sound designs and reliability as the other Datalogic sensors however with its shorter barrel and IP69K protection rating on its protective plastic or stainless steel case it offers a whole lot more Further benefits gained from using the 15 line would include e Trimmer models that can be used instead of the standard tubular sensors S51 S50 S5 series when a shorter housing is needed or better degree of mechanical IP protection is required e Pinout compatibility with S51 series e Space savings as the barrel is much shorter than the standard sensor length e Cost savings basic NPN or PNP output models e tcan be used in harsh environments with its enhanced durability O These environments would include areas such as where there are water jets present as well as where aggressive cleaning agents are required such as in the food industry e The sensors will offer better performance with a greater sensing distance e A better degree of protection being compliant to IP69K IP67 IP65 on all of the new models in the range e A Johnson Diversey certification for use with detergents e Atex Il 3DG certification Enquiries Farrel Sher Tel 010 202 3300 or email info acdc co za Largely automated engineering across
172. ts AC DC current probes 0 7 A 100 kA DC AC Sealed Contactors GIG AVAC day s Expert in High Voltage Contactors and Relays Features Current and voltage sensing options Latching and low power coil options Small size 138 x 70mm footprint Up to 1 000A up to BOOV Rugged EPIC extended performance impervious ceramic seal for harsh and hazardous environments DENVER Far more mtormatan DENVER TECHNICAL PRODUCTS PTY LTD Tel 011 626 2023 Cell 083 601 8438 9 Fax 011 626 2009 Email denvertech pixie co za Website www denvertech co za CABLES AND ACCESSORIES ROUND UP Test laboratory for flexible cables he igus test laboratory has been operating for over 20 years The chainflex laboratory focuses particularly on tests and experiments that are absolutely necessary for determin ing the service life and operation of moving cables but not supported by the relevant standard norms and laboratories There is an almost infinite variety of cable providers today who also sell cables for the so called chain compatible area but the question arises as to how appropriate these cables are for use The commonly used experiments and tests stipulated in the standards meet the special requirements of customers only in the rarest of cases since these specific applications sim ply cannot be described in terms of standards It is these customer requirements that the igus laboratory prescribes Beyond the st
173. ts on a line reliably indicate an increase in the measured value Experience shows that 3 6 line measurements are typically required for one primary meas urement Here reproducibility is often more important than absolute accuracy in order to achieve long term savings in the extensive distribution networks In addition to minimum pressure loss reli able operation is also a decisive factor for successful instrument deployment This is because the measuring point once commissioned can often only be accessed with a great deal of effort The device is supplied as a completely preconfigured device in line with the cli ent s requirements The t mass comes with an integrated gas engine At the device users can directly select air ar gon nitrogen or CO as the gas By using the gas engine no recalibration onsite is required Enquiries Frans van den Berg Tel 011 262 8000 or info za endress com process Comiriahars www eandcspoton co za Read all Electricity Control articles and more i x N EN an ey powered display batching RESSURE AND LEVEL MEASUREMENT Yimin CALOG instrotech customizable faith re Gorrie F r flay stemwsuen unt ht ers head m mm www instrotech co za instrotech DME TEOMEMTATION AND sean EONTEOL Pl er Loy JHB 0114621920 DEN 072 967 6617 PRESSURE AND LEVEL MEASUREMENT ROU
174. uld be segregated within the software structure wherever practical An example would be the trip outputs to ESD isolation valves being safety related and the associated valve status limit switch feedbacks which form no safety function perse but provides the operator with indication of correct trip action Should an ESD trip valve fail to operate on command this would raise an Emergency alarm if it fails with no command say on a trip solenoid coil failure then a High priority alarm is raised It should be noted that unless it can be demonstrated that failures of non safety functions cannot adversely affect the safety related functions then all software should be treated as safety related From Phaaa 5 5 SRS Stare Saleh Raguin Sprite Yiia Flan kee Sede Again of System Salet Seters Dagga Drop bo gap rapt a PE megaton Hardware E Sawari Sobwore penin Miane Pead To Phase H Opinia Maiienance i Repo Towi Aspects of Tyren Saket VHE To Pigi 12 bert adje A Conning Figure 2 Realisation Phase Software Safety Lifecycle The SIS objective is to provide the operational task requirements necessary to implement the safety instrumented functions consistent with the SIS architecture and specified SIL The Logic Solver appli cation software SRS provides the executable software functionality with operating properties and specifies how the inputs condition the outputs together with
175. urrently in the planning stage The powerful real time Ethernet solutions EtherCAT and sercos Ill allow for construc tion of machine control systems with a single network for I O drives and operating devices The ProNumeric OP 50 M is the first hand held operating device of its kind that supports these two common protocol ver sions in an optimised fashion and the first that can therefore be connected to a wide range of controllers provided by well known manufacturers A Schleicher gateway that is compatible with both real time protocols is installed in the network for this purpose The appro Mini controllers for mechanical engineering hoenix Contact has expanded the Easy Automation system to include ILC ME mini controllers designed specifically for mechanical engineering and the compact easy to configure TD 1030T HMI device from the Minitouch line The ILC 191 ME AN and ILC 191 ME INC mini controllers feature Ethernet RS232 and RS485 422 ports as well as connections for pulse and frequency outputs They also offer analogue and digital inputs and outputs high speed meters and incremental encoder inputs This makes them particularly well suited for activating drives by way of step motor drivers or frequency converters TheTD 1030T HMI device features a 2 8 inch multiline screen used to display data in alphanumeric format Users interact with the device using four freely configur able buttons on the display with PC Worx E
176. way a universal controller input output controller and room controller Enquiries Belinda Aslett Tel 011 254 6400 or email belinda aslett schneider electric com October 13 Electricity Control 37 FE lt es lt am ZZ lt ee gt LLI ee gt i es nan Z O dib LLI es AZ OD Z zE 5 am 1 OD Ag es lt LLI Copper electrical wiring for safety By E Swanepoel Copper Development Association Africa CDAA A serious electrical fire can cause the total loss of a building commercial residential or industrial and its contents lectrical fires pose one of the more disastrous dangers in volved in building ownership or property management Fires caused by faulty or malfunctioning wiring can quickly get out of control and can be difficult to extinguish as they often begin hid den behind walls As urbanisation increases and more and more people congregate closer together the risks associated with fire increase Unfortunately this situation is exacerbated when imported sub standard cables and components are installed the use of which the consumer is unaware In the case of formal built up areas the National Building Regulations SABS 0400 1990 Part T 1 first published in 1987 controls fire safety in buildings considerably limiting the incidence and spread of fires in formal areas as well as the da
177. xpress used to programme the device priate com munication system can then simply be selected by flicking a switch The economic viability of a ProfiNet version is currently being investigated The device was equipped with an inte grated web browser to make it possible to disconnect the ProNumeric OP 50 M during Operation from one machine and to recon nect it to another It is therefore possible to program an individual user interface with all standard visualisation functions The visualisation project is not stored on the hand held device but on the mass storage device of each controller The user interface can therefore be called up immediately once a new controller has been connected Problem free updates and even remote services are therefore possible Enquiries Hilda Bouwer Tel 011 766 1180 or email info angloallied co za Because several standard predefined user interfaces are available no visualisation software is required Enquiries Andre Kemp Email andrek phoenixcontact co za Building systems save energy gain efficiency Sree Electric a global specialist in energy management has launched the lite version of its SmartStruxure solution providing a fast way to future fit and retrofit small to medium sized buildings for HVAC control lighting and metering With Smart Struxure Lite users can save energy gain efficiency maintain a healthy and productive environment and access their buil
178. y analogue transducer to produce a digital output and is supplied with traceable calibration certificates and free PC data logging software The LCV USB2 digital amplifier supports a range of applications across industries From press fit monitoring weighing applica tions rope force or pulley measurement capturing motor torque output or measuring ball bearing friction the LCV USB2 in line amplifier works with most measurement sensors to provide detailed measurement information Elexsys supplies the entire range of Lorenz sensors and amplifiers and is the sole representative for Lorenz Messtechnik in Africa Enquiries George Chapman Tel 021 930 0214 or email sales elexsys co za I Thinking Power Monitor and Optimise Your System connected to a PC touch screen or PLC and linked together to operate as one system It may also be connected to a third party machine interface already in operation on the machine The flexibility of the SRZ se ries makes it an ideal instrument for both end users and the OEM market in a wide range of industries including extrusion semiconductor test stands environmental chambers plastics packaging and heat related processes Enquiries Tel 011 791 6000 or email sales tempcon co za ee Ce So Automate Control and Optimise Your Power System with ETAP Real Time Increase Profits and Improve Customer Satisfaction Pradict System Response Based on Operator Actions Manage Ene
179. y offer the greatest possible protection when working with volt ages of up to 1 000 Vac and 1 500 Vdc HAUPA s protective equipment includes 1 000V insulated helmets and visors insulated gloves from 500 V to 26 500 V tested safety suits in accordance with DIN IEC 304 500 V 1 000V insulated boots in accordance with VDE 0680 1 through to insulated mats in accordance with VDE 0303 20 000 V The HAUPA safety handle with sleeve should be used where the insertion and removal of NH safety inserts with disrupted arcs could be expected or when higher currents are to be switched In these instances the HAUPA visor with helmet holder or the electrician s protective visor should also be worn The dip insulated 1 000 V tools have an insulated multiple layer red on the outside yellow on the inside The two colour multiple layer insulation clearly supports the relevant VBG 4 directive The red exterior insulation on the handle makes defects easy to spot HAUPA is represented locally by Surgetek Enquiries Johan van Staden Tel 011 792 1303 4 5 or email info surgetek co za Power factor correction and harmonic filtering por electronic devices that have rapid and frequent load vari ations have become abundant today due to their many process control related and energy saving benefits They also bring a few major drawbacks to electrical distribution systems such as harmonics and rapid change of reactive power requirements Harmonics may

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