User Manuals
Contents
1. eee 10 4 1 2 Value Impedance Setting 27 10 4 1 3 Auto Fault Location and Manual 10 4 1 4 11 4 1 5 E SN 11 5 CONNECTING TDR 410 TO A CABLE TO BE TESTED 11 6 CABLE FAULT LOCATION ci 12 6 1 SCAN HOLD AND CONTINUOUS SCANNING 5 13 6 2 ACCURACY Zee a ES 13 7 TONE GENERATOR 13 8 POWER SUPPLY 14 9 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE 222002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 14 10 STORAGE iiss eek 14 11 DISMANTLING AND UTILIZATION 2200000020000000000000000000000020000000000000 0000022000 14 12 TYPICAL FAULT DISPLAYS 15 13 TYPICAL CABLE Vp AND IMPEDANCE 16 14 TECHNICAL 15 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 3 15 16 NANO AAA MANUFACTURER TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 1 Introduction A time domain reflectometer TDR is an electronic instrument used to characterize and locate faults in metallic cables The TDR 410 is a hand held Time Domain Reflectometer with 11 range scale covering the range 0 4000 meters with a 7 meter first range scale and a 0 5 me2. OPERATING MANUAL TDR CABLE FAULT LOCATOR TDR 410 ner OPERATING MANUAL TDR 410 TDR CABLE FAULT LOCATOR CE SONEL A Wokulskiego 11 58 100 widnica Poland Version 1 01 05 03 2014 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 We appreciate your having purchased our measuring instrument TDR 410 is a modern measuring device which is easy and safe to use Please acquaint yourself with the present manual in order to avoid measuring errors and prevent possible problems related to operation of the meter 2 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 5 2 WORKING PRINCIPLES sissies sssssnosdaescicsdessssssenesesssstevsnnscdeseccdcsessusscssssccesessescsevses 6 3 PREPARING THE TDR 410 FOR USE occcconcnccoonnccconncccnonnonccnonnocconancccncnnocccnonos 6 3 1 SET UNIT OF MEASURE FROM MENU 7 3 2 SET AUTO SHUTDOWN FROM MENU 18 7 3 3 SET CONTRAST FROM MENU 18 aaa aaa aaa aaa aaa aaa aaa nawe 8 3 4 BACKLIGHT 8 3 5 SET VELOCITY OF PROPAGATION FROM MENU 8 3 6 HOW TO DETERMINE Vp SETTINGS seeeea aaa aaa aa aaa 8 4 USING THE TDR 410 9 4 1 SETTING THE FAULT LOCATION coiir aaa aaa aaa aa aaa aaa aaa aa 9 4 1 1 Setting Velocity of Propagation
3. event Position the cursor at the beginning of the event and read off the distance at the bottom left corner 12 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 Example Vp 72 Z 1000 129m 180m On the fault display shown above a low impedance fault occurs at 64 meters shown by a negative spike and a high impedance at 129 meters The open end of the cable is shown as a large positive spike this is used to determine the end of the cable run and the overall length of the cable being 180 meters 6 1 Scan hold and Continuous Scanning Modes This function only operates in manual fault location mode When the TDR 410 is first switched on it is set to Continuous scan mode In this mode the TDR 410 fires pulses into the cable under test thus enabling intermittent faults to be identified Scan hold allows the user to hold a trace for closer exami nation and to disconnect from test cable whilst leaving the trace displayed To select unselect scan hold press key START HOLD for approximately 1 second then release scan hold icon is displayed at the bottom right hand corner 9 Vp 67 Z 500 MFL I 6 2 Accuracy The TDR 410 is able to measure distances to faults and cable lengths to an accuracy of 1 This measurement accuracy is based on the correct value of Vp being used for the cable under test and homogeneity of the Vp along the cable length If the Vp is set incorrectly by the operator or the Vp varies along the length of th
4. in the identification of faults using the TDR 410 OPEN WET SPLICE CONDUCTOR WATER SHORTED FRAYED CONDUCTOR CABLE WATER 4 e 4 SPLIT 4 o TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 15 13 Typical Cable Vp and Impedance Values Cable type Insulation type Vp paper saturated with oil 0 50 0 56 Cross linked Polyethylene 0 52 0 58 paraffin 0 64 a polyethylene 0 67 Electricity PTFE 0 71 paper 0 72 0 88 polyethylene foam 0 82 air 0 94 0 98 polyethylene outer diameter 0 912 mm 0 69 polyethylene outer diameter 0 643 mm 0 68 polyethylene outer diameter 0 511 mm 0 66 polyethylene outer diameter 0 404 mm 0 65 gel outer diameter 0 912 mm 0 68 Phone gel outer diameter 0 643 mm 0 65 gel outer diameter 0 511 mm 0 64 gel outer diameter 0 404 mm 0 63 paper outer diameter 0 643 m 0 69 paper outer diameter 0 511 mm 0 68 paper outer diameter 0 404 mm 0 66 QR PARA III 0 88 PARA 0 82 T TR 0 87 CCTV TX TX10 0 89 RG6 RG11 RG59 0 82 Times Fiber RG 59 0 93 Dynafoam 0 90 RG58 0 78 RG58U 0 76 UTP 26 0 64 Thinnet 0 66 0 70 Ethernet 0 77 Token Ring 0 78 Data transmission Twinaxial Alr 0 80 Twinaxial 0 71 Thicknet 0 77 RG58 0 78 RG58 U 0 66 Twisted Pair 0 64 0 66 U UTP cat 5e 0 67 U UTP cat 6 0 67 Note TDR 410 measures the distance to a fault in a cable or the cable length with an accuracy specified in the technical specifications The current accuracy of the mea
5. 1 7 3 minutes then press ESC to store setting to memory 3 3 Set Contrast from menu display Press SET to move to Contrast Press to decrease contrast press to increase contrast then press ESC to store setting to memory TDR 2 m us 100m us Metres Contrast Shutdown 2minutes 3 4 Backlight The LCD display is fitted with an electro luminescent backlight to enable easy viewing under a variety of different lighting conditions The backlight is switched on and off with the key QD Note When switched on the backlight will significantly shorten the battery life 3 5 Set Velocity of Propagation from menu display Velocity of propagation Vp may be set as or speed in micro seconds us The unit of measure the speed is displayed in feet or meters will be determined by the setting selected in section 3 1 Press SET to move to displayed unit press to scroll between V 2 m us or Vp Vc TDR V 2 100m us Metres Contrast Shutdown 2minutes To change the value of the V 2 or Vp factor go one level down press SET button y so that the indicator points to the m us or Vp Pressing the cursor or lt to increase decrease the value of the Vp Press ESC to store selected setting to memory Note Setting the correct Velocity of Propagation value is also possible from Trace Display 3 6 How to determine V Settings If the TDR
6. 410 is to be used with a cable type for which the Vp is unknown this must first be deter mined by the setting selected in section 3 5 1 Take a sample of the cable at least 10m or 30 ft long as long as possible 2 Measure the actual length of cable using a rule or tape measure or some other reliable method 3 Connect the TDR 410 and adjust the Vp setting such that the tester gives a correct reading of the sample length refer to section 4 1 Setting cable parameters 8 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 Note After disconnecting the TDR 410 the current parameter settings are stored including the recently selected values Vp propagation factor and impedance Z This feature of the device is particularly advantageous in situations where multiple tests are per formed on the same type of cables 4 Using the TDR 410 Upon completion of the set up procedures in section 3 press ESC to return to start up display and select TDR pressing the cursor or press START The following screen will be displayed Vp 67 Z 500 Vp setting Impedance setting Z Manual Auto Fault Location Range scale Battery condition indicator Scan hold icon User variable gain by user or auto Cursor distance reading Cursor Output pulse 5 4 1 Setting the fault location You can set all the necessary parameters of the cable fault location from Trace Display Vp 67 Z 500 MFL l e Veloci
7. Temp Dimensions Weight EMC Water Dust Proof 14 Technical data 7 15 30 60 120 250 500 1km 2km 3km 4km 20 45 90 180 360 750 1500 3000 6000 10000 14000 Manual range control Auto range 1 of selected range Approx 1 of range 14ft Min 3 pixel return at 4km on 0 6mm Y PE TP Adjustable from 1 to 99 5 volts peak to peak into open circuit Selectable 25 50 75 amp 100 Q Width 3 ns to 3 us Automatic with range 2 scans second or scan held pre set for each range scale 810 1100Hz 30 hours continuous scanning 6 volts 4 x 1 5 AA Alkaline cells on screen low voltage indicator 1 2 3 5 minutes or disabled 128 x 64 pixel 10 50 C 20 70 C 165 x 90 x 37 mm 6 5 x 3 5 x 1 5 ins 350 g 1207 BS EN 61326 1 IP54 Symbol complies with the current EU directives Measurement accuracy of lt 1 assumes the instrument setting for velocity of propagation Vp of the cable under test to be accurately set homogeneity of the Vp along the cable length and accu rate cursor positioning 18 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 15 Accessories The standard set provided by the manufacturer includes the following components e Time domain reflektometer TDR 410 WMGBTDR410 e 0 6 m double wire lead WAPRZOX6DZBB red crocodile clip WAKRORE20K02 e black crocodile clip WAKROBL20K01 e cover M 2 WAFUTM2 e alkaline batteries 1 5V AA 4 pieces e user manual It is possible to a
8. dditionally purchase from the manufacturer and distributors the following elements which are not included within the standard accessories e voltage separator AS 2 WAADAAS2 16 Manufacturer The manufacturer of the device which also provides guarantee and post guarantee service is the fol lowing company SONEL S A Wokulskiego 11 58 100 Swidnica POLAND 48 74 858 38 60 fax 48 74 858 38 09 e mail export sonel pl Homepage www sonel pl Attention Service repairs must be realised solely by the manufacturer Made in UE TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 19 20 NOTES TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 SONEL S A Ul Wokulskiego 11 58 100 Swidnica Poland wey 48 74 85 83 860 fax 48 74 85 83 809 http www sonel pl e mail export sonel pl
9. e cable then addi tional errors will be incurred and the measurement accuracywill be affected Note The Vp is less well defined with unshielded multicore cable including power cable and is lower when a cable is tightly wound on a drum than when installed 7 Tone Generator The TDR 410 may also be used as a tone generator to trace and identify cables and wires The user will need a conventional inductive tone probe within the range 810Hz to 1110Hz To select tone generator from menu display press SET to move to TDR Press to scross between TDR and warble Press the ESC button to exit Warble Tone on screen mesage is displayed after pressing ESC and TDR generate the tone TDR mode is switched back if ESC is pressed once again TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 13 Warble ON Shutdown 1 minute Shutdown 1 minute Note The auto off function is disabled in tone generator mode so that the tone can be injected into a cable for extended periods while tracing takes place 8 Power supply Reflectometer TDR 410 is powered by four 1 5 V AA batteries Use alkaline batteries to ensure proper functioning of the device Low battery is signaled by the appearance of the symbol on the screen of the reflectometer To replace the batteries disconnect the instrument from any cable or network link turn the instrument off loosen the two black screws and remove the battery compartment cover replace the batteries
10. following screen will be displayed fine TDR 410 1 2 Software version programmed into tester 3 Battery condition indicator all black battery fully charged as charge decreases symbol changes to white Battery condition indicator is permanently displayed To select a menu display press the left button 4 as indicated on the TDR 410 front panel 6 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 Prior to use the following parameters will need to be set V velocity of propagation see part 3 5 i 3 6 Z impedance see part 4 1 2 dB gain see part 4 1 5 3 1 Set Unit of Measure from menu display Press SET to move to unit of measure feet or meters TDR m us 100m us Metres Contrast Shutdown 2minutes Press or 4 to scroll between feet and meters Press ESC to store selected setting in memory Note When unit of measure has been selected this will automatically change the V 2 figure which will also be displayed in the selected unit of measure 3 2 Set Auto Shutdown from menu display To preserve battery life the TDR 410 is fitted with an auto shutdown feature Shutdown time is select able between disabled 1 2 3 and 5 minutes TDR 100m us Shutdown 2minutes To change settings press SET to move to Shutdown use or to select setting Disabled or 1 minute or 2 minutes or TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 0
11. in 1 dB steps To use this function use navigation key SET y to scroll to dB setting press to decrease gain to increase gain press ESC to store set ting Note The Def means the default settings 5 Connecting TDR 410 to a cable to be tested Attach the test lead set to the TDR 410 via the 2 safety sockets located at the top of the unit 1 Ensure that no power supply or equipment is attached to the cable to be tested 2 Ensure that the far end of the cable under test is open or shorted not fittedwith a resistive termina tion 3 Attach theTDR 410 to one end of the cable to be tested TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 11 COAXIAL CABLE N SHIELDED CABLE gt TWISTED PAIR MULTI CONDUCTOR CABLE Coaxial Cable Connect the red clip to the centre wire and the black clip to the shield screen Shielded Cable Connect the red clip to a wire adjacent to the shield and the black clip to the shield Twisted Pair Separate out one pair and connect the red and black clips to the two wires of the pair MulticoreCable Connect the clips to any two wires 6 Cable Fault Location Having followed the set up procedures in the preceding sections a typical display showing imped ance anomalies is shown below Further examples are shown in section 12 Vp 67 2 500 MFL The vertical cursor line is moved left or right along the line of the trace by pressing or buttons to determine the distance to the
12. splay presented in this operating manual Warning This instrument meets the safety requirements of IEC61010 1 1995 TheTX2003 is designed for use on de energized circuits only Connection to line voltages will damage the instrument and could be hazardous to the operator This instrument is protected against connection to telecom network voltages according to EN61326 1 Safety is the responsibility of the operator TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 5 2 Working principles TDR 410 measures the time course of the signal the probe pulse in a pair from connecting the cable to the cable end or the nearest damage and back Probe pulses in the cable run at a speed Vp the speed of propagation which depends on the elec trical parameters of the cable in particular the material from which the insulation is made A reflectometer calculates the distance to the disturbance of wave impedance path and displays the cable s diagram showing any impedance discontinuity in the studied area based on Vp values se lected by a user and and measured the course time of the pulse Output via2x4mm safety sockets LCD display Cursor right key increase selected value START fault location scan hold for MFL Cursor left key decrease selected value Navigation button Back light on off Ener Escape Return TDR 410 Power on off 3 Preparing the TDR 410 for use Press button to power the tester the
13. st event To start the scan press START key if the scan stops within the first meter 3 feet it will identified the connection between the TDR 410 and the cable under test as an event press the key START to continue the scan The end of the cable run would normally be identi fied as an open or short refer to section 12 for typical fault displays Small events identified in the cable run may be enlarged by increasing the gain thereby making the fault more obvious refer to section 4 1 5 Gain Settings 10 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 Manual Fault Location Vp 67 Z 500 MFL When the manual fault location MFL is set the operator selects the range manually and then he needs to scan the displayed trace and align the cursor manually to the identified event Note see chapter 6 1 Scan hold and continuous scan mode 4 1 4 Selecting range scales The TDR 410 has 11 range scales covering the range of 0 to 4 000 meters 7m 15m 30m 60m 120m 250m 500m 1000m 2000m 3000m and 4000m To select a range scale or scan the cable run press SET button scroll to range scale then press to decrease range or press to increase range To save and exit press ESC Vp 67 Z 500 MFL Note Manual measurement range change is just for MFL mode 4 1 5 Gain settings The TDR 410 has pre set gain for each of its 11 range scales there is in addition to this a user con trollable gain to a maximum of 64 dB
14. surement depends on how the the propagation factor Vp was determined its stability on the whole lenght of the tested cable 16 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 The measurement has an additional fault if you set an incorrect value of Vp this ratio is not constant over the measured distance Please note that the value of the Vp factor is smaller for cable wound on the drum s than cable uncoiled unwound and installed Furthermore it may also change with the cable aging The above examples of Vp factor for different cable types are only an indication for the user to make swift and calculate the measurement with reasonable accuracy The use of Vp allows the highest measurement accuracy calculated by the user with a known length of the tested cable section as described in detail in section 3 6 Typical values of impedance Z Cable type Cat 5 STP 100 Cat 5 UTP 100 Coaxial air 50 75 Coaxial drive 50 75 Coaxial PE foam 50 75 Coaxial full PE 50 75 Symmetrical PE gel 100 Symmetrical dry PE 100 Symmetrical PTFE 100 Symmetrical PVC 100 Paper 72nF 100 Paper 83nF 100 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 17 Ranges Meters Ranges Feet Range Selection Accuracy Resolution Minimum cable lenght Sensitivity Velocity Factor Output Pulse Output Impedance Output Pulse Scan Rate Tone Generator Battery Life Power Supply Power Down Selectable Back Lit Display Operating Temp Storage
15. ter dead zone close and far faults are clearly displayed on its 128x64 pixel back light LiquidCrystalDisplay The Auto Fault Location key will move the cursor directly to the first event or fault thus it eliminates the need to interpret visiually the form of wave When set in manual mode the wave form may be scanned visually as on conventional TDRs In both modes the user gains variably coverage of the range of default to 64 db s used to magnify small events identified on the waveform The scan lock feature will allow the user to hold the trace for closer examination Designed for identifying and locating faults on all metallic cables with two or more insulated conduc tors The TDR 410 has impedance matched circuits for 25 50 75 and 100 ohms and with velocity of propagation settings from 1 99 or the equivalent in feet ormeters micro second will cover the range of power data communication and CCTV cables Housed in a rugged IP54 rated ABS enclosure and weighs only 350 grams 12 ounces the TDR 410 is suitable for outside use NOTE Only standard and additional accessories for a given device should be used as listed in the Equipment section Use of different accessories can lead to errors in the test connection and can introduce additional measurement uncertainties Note Due to continuous development of the meter s software the actual appearance of the display in case of some of the functions may slightly differ from the di
16. ty of Propagation e Impedance value Z e Auto or Manual location mode AFL MFL e Range Scale e Gain To set a parameter press the SET button y Until the parameter is highlighted use or gt to change the value or the option TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 9 Press ESC to store selected setting to the memory of the device Note Current parameter settings are stored after disconnecting the TDR 410 4 1 1 Setting Velocity of Propagation Vp Use SET button to scroll to Vp when parameter is highlighted use or to change values Press SET button to move to next parameter when set up is completed press ESC to store set tings If Vp cable is unknown refer to section 3 6 TDR 410 will display the values last used after the start up 4 1 2 Value Impedance Setting Z Use SET button y to scroll to Z when parameter is highlighted use or to change values Press SET button to move to next parameter when set up is completed press ESC to store set tings 4 1 3 Auto Fault Location and Manual Fault Location The TDR 410 may be used in auto or manual fault location modes Use SET button to scroll to displayed setting AFL or MFL use key or to change setting Press ESC to store settings Auto Fault Location Vp 67 Z 500 When set in auto fault location AFL the TDR 410 will scan the cable run and the cursor will auto matically stop at the fir
17. with 4 x 1 5 volt Alkaline batteries observing the polarities refit the battery compartment cover and refit the two screws 9 Cleaning and maintenance NOTE Apply solely the maintenance methods specified by the manufacturer in this manual The casing of the meter may be cleaned with a soft damp cloth using all purpose detergents Do not use any solvents or cleaning agents which might scratch the casing powders pastes etc The electronic system of the meter does not require maintenance 10 Storage In the case of storage of the device the following recommendations must be observed e Disconnect all the test leads from the meter Clean the meter and all its accessories thoroughly In the case the meter is to be stored for a prolonged period of time the batteries must be removed from the device 11 Dismantling and utilization Worn out electric and electronic equipment should be gathered selectively i e it must not be placed with waste of another kind 14 TDR 410 OPERATING MANUAL version 1 01 Worn out electronic equipment should be sent to a collection point in accordance with the law of worn out electric and electronic equipment Before the equipment is sent to a collection point do not dismantle any elements Observe the local regulations concerning disposal of packages worn out batteries and accumulators 12Typical Fault Displays The following diagrams show typical fault traces to assist you
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