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1. pm wavecall See your net work wavesight User Manual For Marconi Planet EV lt 1 1 gt REF RP WAVECALL 24 03 2004 KR Abstract This document describes the installation and usage of the propagation model Wave Sight inside Marconi Planet EV It is providing technical information about the data and parameters required by Wave Sight WaveSight User Manual Planet EV Company Information Address Lausanne Contact Email Web Wavecall SA Science Park of the Swiss Institute of Technology PSE B EPFL 1015 Lausanne Phone 41 21 693 84 05 Fax 41 21 693 84 06 Karim Rizk info wavecall com http Awww wavecall com Document History wavecall Version Revision Date 0 9 Karim Rizk October 16 2003 0 9 1 Karim Rizk October 19 2003 0 9 2 Karim Rizk October 20 2003 1 0 Karim Rizk November 20 2003 1 2 Odeh Ghawi February 02 2004 1 3 J rgen Eitle March 10 2004 1 4 Jiirgen Eitle March 11 2004 1 5 J rgen Eitle March 24 2004 1 6 Jiirgen Eitle May 17 2004 1 7 J rgen Eitle June 2 2004 1 8 J rgen Eitle June 3 2004 1 9 J rgen Eitle July 28 2004 Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 2 2 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV REF BPRAWAVECALLOA O3 200DAIKD A 1 Company Information EE 2 Document History as III 2 New Features of Wave Sight for version 4 0 of Planet EN 4 1 Introduction nee 4 2 Inst2. Identical polygons are not The data set must not contain the same accepted building twice This is the very idea of a set Polygons must be closed The first Open polygons are not accepted and the last point in each polygon must be identical At least 3 distinct vertices per The dataset must not contain one or two polygon Also the three vertices coordinate buildings must not be on a straight line One vertex must belong to This requirement means that exactly two walls Spikes the building outline contains a vertex which comes back on a previous vertex are not permitted in the outline Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 14 14 WaveSight User Manual Planet EV wavecall 8 shaped buildings the building outline actually contains two buildings touching each other at one coordinate are not permitted oon Each two walls can only intersect if they are successive walls belonging to the same polygons In such a case the intersection forms the vertex This means that Self intersecting polygons are not allowed pp Confidential O 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 15 15 WaveSight User Manual Planet EV wavecall OoOo Overlapping polygons are not allowed E an All heights must be above local ground It is not permitted to model holes as buildings below the terrain height level An accuracy 1 m in building corner p
3. Bibliography 1 Karim Rizk Propagation in micro cellular and small cell urban environment Thesis 1710 1997 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne 2 K Rizk J F Wagen F Gardiol Influence of database accuracy on two dimensional ray tracing based prediction in urban microcells IEEE Trans Veh Technol vol 49 no 2 March 2000 pp 631 642 3 Planet EV RF Planning Software user manual Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 32 32
4. WaveSight User Manual Planet EV Site Properties GE File Edit Editing site Fsosxcoo7 DI 1 listed Site Sectors User Data Property Sector ID Power EIRP dB Ww Link Budget Azimuth Tilt Down Up Twist Clockwise Color Symbol Propagation Model Number OF Radials Distance km Elevation m Enable SPT Add Sector Delete Sector Find Site Figure 6 Sector editor Confidential 52 6309 52 6309 RR90 17 04 RR90 17 04 Disabled Disabled 250 0 0 FLAG 1 Phas FLAG_1 Phas Hm ee WS2 dpm WSZ2 dpm 720 1 26 8224 Auto Disable O 2003 Wavecall SA wavecall See your net work Jul 04 Page 13 13 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV 2 5 Vector data buildings and vegetation 2 5 1 Configuring the data Vector data is stored in ASCII format and requires three types of input files a vector data file an attributes file and an index file The index file has to be named index txt Each line is containing a vector data file name an attribute file name Easting Northing co ordinates representing a bounding box around that feature and the feature name itself 7 items Lines containing features without an attribute file are not accepted 2 5 2 Data requirements The building data used by WaveSight is modeling the buildings footprint and the buildings height The building data should comply with the following requirements Requirement Explanation
5. antenna pattern specified in transmitter WSERR8 An antenna file name must be provided The AntPtrn key word in the transmitter file indicates a pattern but infiles txt does not contain the path to the file where this pattern can be found WSERR9 Buildings elevation is relative to ground and there is no terrain file WSERR10 No frame file is given It is mandatory to indicate in the infiles txt a frame file with the key word FrameFile WSERR11 Error in frame file east x gt west x The frame file indicated by the key word FrameFile in infiles txt must contains the x of the south east corner the y ofthe south east corner then the x of north west and then the y ofthe north west corner WSERR12 Error in frame file south y gt north y The frame file indicated by the key word FrmFile in infiles txt must contain the x of southeast corner the y ofthe southeast 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 30 30 WaveSight User Manual Planet EV wavecall corner then the x of northwest and then the y of the northwest corner WSERR13 Error in the index file east x gt west x The index file of terrain heights of specific format indicated by the key word IndexTerrDir must contain the x of south east corner the y of the south east corner then the x of north west and then the y of the north west corner WSERR14 Error in the index file south y gt upper y The index fil
6. is a key word in infiles txt that IndexTerrDir and a TerrainFile indicates the directory of a specific type of Please check infiles txt terrain format Confidential O 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 29 29 WaveSight User Manual Planet EV wavecall TerrainFile is a key word in infiles txt that indicates the path for the file WaveSight type of terrain Therefore it is not possible to have both keywords in infiles txt WSERR2 You cannot have an IndexBldgDir and a BldgFile Please check the inputs txt file IndexBldgDir is a key word in infiles txt that indicates the directory of specific type of building format BldgFile is a key word in infiles txt that indicates the path for the file WaveSight format of buildings Therefore it is not possible to have both keywords in infiles txt WSERR3 hori directory not found In the WaveSight directory a sub directory named hori must exist On PC platform this directory is created automatically On UNIX platform this directory must be created manually WSERR4 Insufficient memory WSERRB This version cannot handle full 3D The CompType in comp txt is set to 2 WSERRE The antenna pattern is given with a resolution higher than half degree WSERR7 The pattern of the specified antenna is not listed in the antenna file The file which contains all antenna patterns it is specified via the keyword AntFile in infiles txt does not contains the
7. of the tuning process Figure 10 Do not use the Cancel button in this window to stop the tuning process It will close the window but not actually stop the tuning process See the next paragraph on how to properly abort tuning In the other window you will see print outs of WaveTune progressing Figure 11 On each iteration WaveTune indicates the current error value and the last best error value If a new best error value is found then this will be indicated In order to abort the tuning process press the STOP button Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 25 25 wavecall See your net work WaveSight User Manual Planet EN WW Model Tuning Process started at 04 05 2004 11 39 18 Tuning model murks_tuned Figure 10 Tuning progress conte LO zOcaWavecaNSAN NNN vut 04 Page 26 26 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV WaveTuneGUI WaveTune process report First run initialising the algorithmO Calling WaveSight O WaveSight Call terminated O New best error val found 22 211493 O iterationno 1 started O Calling WaveSight O WaveSight Call terminated O Current error val is 25 875628 best is 22 211493 O iterationno 2 started O Calling WaveSight O WaveSight Call terminated O Current error val is 25 844411 best is 22 211493 O iteration no 3 started O Calling WaveSight O WaveSight Progress Figure 11 WaveTune progress In order to abort the tunin
8. sectors i e sites where the sector antennas are not all at the same location See section 2 4 2 for more information WaveSight can now directly read the the grid file from the project directory As a result a set of DTM files is obtained See section 2 6 for more information G WaveSight works without the user having selected a clutter See section 2 4 1 WaveSight can read shape data building files See section 2 5 4 for more information Wave une is now available as a tuning model for Wave Sight See section 3 for more information 1 Introduction Wave Sight is a wave propagation prediction tool for wireless networks It is specifically used to predict radio wave propagation for mobile communication networks in urban and suburban environments The deployment of a cellular network is subject to tight schedules that must ensure high quality service with optimal infrastructure expenditure Wave Sight is instrumental in reducing costs and planning time and in improving network quality as it meets prediction accuracy requirements To achieve high prediction accuracy Wave Sight uses new methods of calculation that were validated as part of thesis research conducted at the Swiss Institute of Technology in Lausanne EPFL Swisscom Dutch Telecom and at Bell Laboratories of Lucent Technologies Crawford Hill New Jersey USA The inputs for WaveSight 3 6 are 1 the vector of buildings and vegetation in case available terr
9. 03 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 5 5 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV B When clicking on Edit in the window Propagation Model Editor a window named WaveSight Parameters appears Figure 2 The following parameters can be set Indoor Attenuation Factor dB A penetration loss factor from outdoor to indoor For indoor calculations WaveSight Computes the average field on the circumference of the building and then applies a constant penetration loss In general we recommend the following values for penetration loss concrete walls with windows 10 15 dB wooden walls 7 dB metallic shielded glass 20 40 dB Resolution m The computation resolution Corr Factor Vertical dB WaveSight translates this factor to a Medium Loss using the following formula o Medium Loss 10 Corr Factor Vertical 10 The Medium Loss represents an attenuation associated with a ray propagating in the vertical plane over buildings This attenuation acts as the real part of the wave number The higher the real part of the wave number the higher is the Medium Loss 7herefore according to the equation above the smaller the Corr Factor Vertical the higher is the Medium Loss This factor can be used to account for loss due to objects not represented in or missing from the geographical database Corr Factor Horizontal dB WaveSight translates this factor to a Medium Loss using the following formula o Medium Loss 10 Cor Factor Horizontal 10 Th
10. Sight User Manual Planet EV Clutter Property Assignment WaveSight new clutter resolution50 cpa File Options Property Editor Clutter Assignment Marsh Swamp_map Open_Area_map Forest_map ES Semi open Areas Scrub map Culivated Areas map Water map TownVillage map I Orchard Plantation map E Seasonal Water map Ice Field Glacier map BR Dense Forest map Add Remove Edit Clutter file clutter resolution DI Open Open_Area_map Forest_map Semi_open_Areas Scrub_map Cultivated_Areas_map Water map Town Village_map Orchard Plantation_map Seasonal Water map Ice Field Glacier map Dense Forest map Reference list Clutter list ES new clutter resolution50 cpa lt lt Assign ES clutter resolution50 gre dBP Unknown unclassified sat RB unclassified sat Unassign inland_water_sat E inland_water_sat Tre forest sat BR forest sat _Unassigned 2 open_sat m open sat lt lt Search dense_urban_sat E dense_urban_sat urban sat urban sat residential suburban sat residential suburban sat industrial sat ES industrial sat open in urban sat ES open in urban sat village sat fl village sat dense urban high sat ES dense urban high sat Suburban map ES Suburban map Urban map RB Urban map Airport map ES Airport_map Marsh Swamp_map g E T KAAS AA AASAS ASA SAAS AS AS ASA FH HH Ge Ge ra da A ra da da Figure 4 Clutter Assignme
11. Tune Parameters window the initial values for the vertical horizontal and terrain correction factors can be entered The increments have a fixed value and cannot be edited by the user You can choose which value to include in tuning by simply checking or un checking the corresponding box in the Select column If you want to include clutter in the tuning process you have to check the Use Clutter Tuning check box Then press the Edit Clutter button This opens the Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 24 24 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV Clutter Tuning Parameters Window This window looks like this Clutter Tuning Parameters x Corr Factor dB 30 000000 15 000000 25 000000 30 000000 20 000000 30 000000 30 000000 30 000000 30 000000 Reference Name ii unclassified sat inland_water_sat forest_sat open_sat dense_urban_sat urban_sat residential_suburban_sat industrial_sat open_in_urban_sat en Figure 9 Clutter Tuning Parameters After setting the clutter parameters press OK to close the clutter window then press OK to close the WaveTune parameters window and finally press OK to start the tuning process mportant Do not use the unclassified_sat clutter it will be ignored 5 At this point two windows will open and WaveTune will start to run One window is just indicating which model is being tuned and the total time elapsed since the the start
12. User Manual Planet EV 00001 buildings 010 00 00002 buildings 007 00 00003 buildings 011 00 00004 buildings 010 00 00005 buildings 006 00 00006 buildings 006 00 2 5 4 Shape data format The data should be available in ESRI Shape file format There can be multiple Shape building vector layers which are referenced by an index txt file in the following way Eastmax Maximum Easting value meters Northmax Maximum Northing value meters Note Please note that the sequence of the frame area of the buildings in the index file is different from the one in vector file format Every Shape data set shp shx and dbf files take one line in the index txt line The first entry specifies the name of the Shape file the second entry contains the name of the attribute inside the DBF file containing the height of the building The following entries contain the bounding frame xmin ymin xmax ymax coordinates Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 19 19 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV 2 6 Terrain data There are two ways to specify input files for terrain data If you leave blank the Elevation grid file line in the Analyisis gt Project Settings window then a set of DTM files will automatically be created Otherwise the specified elevation file will be used 2 6 1 Digital Terrain Height Data DTM The digital terrain height data DTM needed is stored in a binary format where each element o
13. ain and clutter given in raster format Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 4 4 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV 2 Installation and configuration 2 1 Version Component Version information WaveSight 3 6 algorithm Interface 1 1 9 0 with Planet EV 4 0 1 Licensing of this release is integrated in Planet EV s licensing scheme 2 2 Prerequisites Wave Sight requires the following environment 1 Planet EV 4 0 or higher on Windows 2000 or higher 2 Upto 500 MB of disk space for temporary files and gt 500 MB of RAM 1 GB is recommended 2 3 Installation 2 3 1 Installation procedure Wave Sight comes pre installed with Planet EV contact Planet EV support for details To check if Wave Sight is installed correctly the following paragraphs give a brief overview over the installed Wave Sight files The Wave Sight installation directory is by default Planet EV install directory It contains the files wavesight exe ant db dat 2 4 Parameters used by WaveSight 2 4 1 Parameters to be set for WaveSight You can add a Wave Sight model from Planet EV from the menu 7oo s gt Propagation Model Editor by selecting Wave Sight in the Model Type choice list The Wave Sight parameters are A In the window Propagation Model Editor you can set the following parameters Figure 1 e Frequency MHz The frequency e Receiver Height m The receiver height above the ground Confidential O 20
14. allation and configuratton eis na a a Aa EEE EA EEA a EE ENNE EEE 5 27 VES 5 2 2 Preequskes E 5 23 Installation EE 5 2 3 1 Installation procedures tiia innia enap a i aa edia ei maare baaie idea dniae ia 5 2 4 Parameters used by Waveight 5 2 4 1 Parameters to be set for WaveSight uuensssssnennennnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnsnnnnnnnnnnnn 5 2 4 2 Parameters read by WaveSight from the transmitter settings sssssssssrnssssrnssssenn 11 2 5 Vector data buildings and vegetaton EE 14 2 5 1 Configuring the data 14 2 5 2 Data requirements EE 14 2 5 3 gt Vector d t tonmat 2 s iat eee ekle ee EEN 17 2 54 Shape data lg EE 19 2 6 Terrain data esa a E EE a E a EE E be E eta 20 2 6 1 Digital Terrain Height Data DTM 20 Sr SE Helene WE e LU 20 3 VW veTUne ni daud stek a EEE HFERLEECRTTRIL emne den enes 22 3 1 Introduetioniussunsauvttrnsmnnuanumatekgemlfuntugnnmmliteualtluntsnnt 22 3 2 Runnirig CRT 22 3 3 Different optimization goals can be achieved with Wave Tune E 28 4 Frequently asked questions for Planet EN 29 4 PAP GMCS WEE 29 WaveSight error messages mrsrrrnrnnnvvvnnnrnnvvvensnnvrvensnnvrvessnavsenssnnvneessnnvnenessnnvneesennvveesennvneessnnvveeennen 29 5 Bibliography prsne e e a De De I eee 32 Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 3 3 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV New Features of WaveS ght for version 4 0 of Planet EV WaveSightis now supporting non co located
15. ally there are no more than about 10 different clutter types in the area you want to tune This limit is also there to guide the user to a sensitive approach to tuning 4 In dense urban areas do not use clutter tuning i e uncheck the Clutter Tuning checkbox cf Figure 8 In open non urban areas just use clutter tuning and do not select the Corr factors In a transition zone you would have to use both Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer Frequently asked questions for Planet EV Is there a way to specify a specific index file in the Planet EV propagation model editor edit browse for index file path WaveSight will only read the index txt file and not care about the others Is the DTM format identical to the Planet format i e the first element in the file corresponds the Northwest corner and the last element to the Southeast corner and the elements are ordered west to east Yes What value should I use for the rain attenuation WaveSight do not use this parameter in Planet EV What is the advantage of using Planet DMS format for the terrain data and not Planet EV format The Planet EV format for the terrain data allow a maximum of two different terrain resolutions while using the DMS format for WaveSight allows to use unlimited number of different resolutions 4 Appendix I WaveSight error messages Errors Explanations WSERR You cannot have an IndexTerrDir
16. amiliar with the basic functionalities of Planet EV concerning model tuning Follwing is a step by step description of how to set up a WaveTune session from within Planet EV Before you start using the tuning capabilities make sure to create a C temp directory i e a directory named temp on the C drive WaveTune needs this directory being present otherwise it won t run 1 In the project explorer open two windows In one window chose the category Sites and in the other chose the category Operational Data Inthe Sites window expand the sites you want to apply tuning to and in the other expand the Surveys under Survey Manager and the Surveys RSSI entry or whatever surveys you are using At the end of this step your Project explorer should look like in Figure 7 In our example let s tune sector 1 of site 1001 using survey survey 1001 1 ptp Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 22 22 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV EV Project Explorer x te fn Category Sites DI Flags ES Groups sa Sites at KI en i 203 gt 3 1002 A 1003 A 1004 A 1005 21 1006 zl 1007 a 1008 a 1009 a 1010 at A 1011 vi Category Operational Data ht B Network Data EI Survey Manager ke Surveys RSSI demo surveyl survey 1001 1 pip g survey_1164_ptp Surveys RSSI Invalid Header Surveys Delta ap Surveys Other Figure 7 Project explorer 2 Right c
17. attenuation associated with a ray propagating in the vertical plane in open area above certain clutter N In this version of the interface The feature Use Single Clutter Property is not supported The two tabs Rain Attenuation and Advanced in Model Editor Window Figure 1 are not considered WaveSight does not consider the first row of the clutter which is usually named dBP Unknown The higher the Corr Factors Vertical Horizontal Terrain and in the clutter properties the lower is the resulting attenuation Confidential O 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 7 7 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV Propagation Model Editor WaveSight SF2 dpm File Edit Propagation model type WaweSight WS Settings Clutter Properties Rain Attenuation Advanced Frequency Receiver height MHz 2 0000 m Polarization Horizontal Y Model parameters Indoor Attenuation 20 dB Resolution 5 m Corr Factor Vertical 30 000000 dB Corr Factor Horizontal 30 000000 dB Corr Factor Terrain 30 000000 dB Height relative to ground Yes Terrain File Path C projects SanFrancisco4Plane Building File Path C projects SanFrancisco4Plane Figure 1 WaveSight propagation model main menu WaveSight Parameters P Computation Parameters Indoor attenuation dB Resolution 5 m Corr Factor Vertical aa dB Corr Factor Terrain 30 dB Corr Factor Horizontal 30 dB Height relative to
18. e This gives you the possibility to literally fine tune your model If you are new to model tuning with WaveTune then here are some recommendations 1 Use RMS as the tuning option cf Figure 8 Tuning options explained On every iteration WaveTune is comparing the prediction with the measured values The error is characterized by two numbers the arithmetic mean of the error and the standard deviation sta of the error These two numbers can be combined to form the root mean square rms of the error The following relation holds rms sta mean For the tuning process this means e Use the RMS minimizing option to take into account the mean of the error and the standard deviation of the error This is the recommended option e Use the MEAN option if you just want to minimize the mean of the error Using this option WaveTune disregards the standard deviation e Use the STD option if you just want to minimize the standard deviation of the error Using this option WaveTune disregards the mean 2 Chose all the correction factors cf Figure 8 Chose either the default values to obtain fast convergence or the values that correspond to the model you start with The correction factors have the following meaning e Corr Factor Vertical represents an attenuation associated with a ray propagating in the vertical plane over buildings It significantly influences propagation in built up areas e Corr Factor Horizontal represen
19. e Medium Loss represents an attenuation associated with a ray propagating in the horizontal plane around buildings This attenuation acts as the real part of the wave number The higher the real part of the wave number the higher is the Medium Loss Therefore according to the equation above the smaller the Corr Factor Horizontal the higher is the Medium Loss This factor can be used to account for loss due to objects not represented in or missing from the geographical database Corr Factor Terrain dB WaveSight translates this factor to a Medium Loss using the following formula o Medium Loss 10 Cor Factor Terrain 10 The Medium Loss represents an attenuation associated with a ray propagating in the vertical plane after diffraction from terrain typically in open areas This factor is only taken into account if there is no clutter associated with the point of diffraction This attenuation acts as the real part of the wave number The higher the real part of the wave number the higher is the Medium Loss 7herefore according to the equation above the smaller the Corr Factor Terrain the higher is the Medium Loss This factor can be used to account for terrain occupation when no clutter values are available Terrain file path It contains the path for the terrain directory that contains the terrain data in format explained in section 2 6 Click on the Browse button adjacent to this field and select the index txt files associated with the t
20. e of terrain heights of specific format indicated by the key word IndexTerrDir must contain the x of south east corner the y of the south east corner then the x of north west and then the y of the north west corner WSERR15 No index directory for terrain is given The index file of terrain heights of specific format indicated by the key word IndexTerrDir must be given in infiles txt Buildings are by default assumed to be given relative to ground level except if the flag Is2Ground is set to 1 in comp txt WSERR16 This version can only handle Profile or Horizontal propagation In comp txt CompType was set to a value different from 1 horizontal computation or 3 combination of vertical and horizontal plane computation WSERR17 No Tx file is given For propagation prediction a transmitter file must be given in infiles txt using the key word TxFile WSERR18 No index directory for buildings is given When running with a specific type of buildings the directory that contains the index txt file must be given in infiles txt via the key word IndexBldgDir WSERR19 Null sized segment It indicates that a null sized segment was encountered in the course of the execution For instance this message occurs when reading the building files and a null sized wall exists in the building file Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 31 31 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV 5
21. errain data Building data path It contains the path for the building directory that contains the building and the vegetation data in format explained in section 2 5 Click on the Browse Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 6 6 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV button adjacent to this field and select the index txt files associated with the vector data e Height Relative to Ground Check this box to indicate that vector elevation data pointed to by Vector data path is relative to ground level otherwise they will be considered as relative to sea level C If the user has chosen to use clutter then under the tab Clutter Properties in the Model Editor the user must select Depend on Projects Settings A Clutter Property Assignment cpa file which is compatible with the clutter file must be selected in the field Clutter Property Assignment File Click on the Edit CPA button to adjust the value of the clutter as follows Figure 3 e Permittivity Is the relative permittivity assigned to the clutter The permittivity is taken into account in the diffraction formula over the terrain The higher the permittivity is the more energy is diffracted from the terrain e Conductivity S m Is the conductivity assigned to the clutter The conductivity is taken into account in the diffraction formula over the terrain The higher the conductivity is the more energy is diffracted from the terrain e Corr Factor dB represents
22. f the data represents the height above sea level in meters for a square area of for example 50m x 50m Each element is two bytes in size and the most significant byte is stored first The elements are stored in one continuous array such that the size of the array in the following example would be 500 wide x 500 high x 2 bytes per element 500 000 bytes If there are pixels within the file that are outside the limits of the map the value 9999 is stored at that location An ASCII text file called index txt contains positional information about each binary height file This file must be in the same directory as the height data The file contains one row describing each height file Each row contains the following variables separated by a space Filename Filename of DTM Height file Eastmin Minimum Easting value meters For example file1 bin 100000 125000 50000 75000 50 file2 bin 125000 150000 50000 75000 50 The final row is terminated by a carriage return In certain cases the Terrain data is available in several resolutions typically a A resolution of 20 for an entire state or nation and 5m for built up areas In such areas the resolution that will be considered by WaveSight is the one associated with the entry that comes last in the index file Therefore it is recommended in the index file to first list the lower resolution data and then the higher resolution ones 2 7 Running WaveSight Running WaveSight is follo
23. fidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 17 17 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV The final row is terminated by a carriage return Vector Index File An ASCII text file called index txt contains positional information about the vector file This file must be in the same directory as the vector data Each row contains the following variables separated by a space Data filename Filename of vector data file Attribute filename Filename of building attributes heights file Eastmin Minimum Easting value meters Eastmax Maximum Easting value meters Northmin Minimum Northing value meters Maximum Northing value meters Feature Name Name of the feature stored in the vector data file for WaveSight this name must contain a string called either building or A vegetation For example buildings_vec txt buildings_atr txt 1627764 1630022 6579401 6582574 buildings The final row is terminated by a carriage return Vector Attributes File An ASCII text file named in the index file contains height information about the building segments contained in the vector data file Each row contains a record as follows sr Record Identifier used to identify building segment in vector data file 12 Character vector segment description not used 21 26 Vector segment height floating point two decimal places Confidential O 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 18 18 wavecall WaveSight
24. g process press the STOP button At the end of the tuning process the window will stay open You will notice when the program is finished if you see several lines that show values for Airloss etc In the latter press the Close button you will be prompted for viewing the tuning report lt is important that you stick to this sequence as otherwise you will not see the tuning report 6 After tuning a new propagation model file WaveSight_adjusted dpmanda new clutter assignment file WaveSight_adjusted cpa is created You can now use this new model to run predictions To do so inthe Site Editor simply choose the WaveSight Adjusted dpm as new propagation model for the sector you want to use it on Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 27 27 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV 3 3 Different optimization goals can be achieved with WaveTune WaveTune is offering a great deal of flexibility in achieving your tuning goals Basically any one parameter can be included or excluded from the tuning process This way you can reduce calculation time and also include your knowledge of the propagation environment Particularly the user can choose if the tuning should mainly concentrate on reducing the standard deviation or the mean error or both at the same time Clutter can be included or excluded depending on whether you have a clutter file or not Different clutter properties can be included in the tuning or left at their original valu
25. ground IV Input Files Terrain file path C projects SanFranciscodPlanet Terrain Browse Building data path C Aprojects SanFranciscodPlanet Buildings Browse et Figure 2 WaveSight parameters window Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 8 8 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV Clutter Property Assignment WaveSight WaveSight2 cpa KE EI File Options Properties dBP Unknown Dense Urban Commercial Industrial Residential with trees Residential with few trees Grass Agriculture Open Paved Areas Airport Forested Dense Vegetation Marsh Wetland Water Clutter file C projects S anFrancisco4Planet sf_clutter grc Figure 3 Clutter Property Assignments Once you have adjusted your properties you can open the Clutter Assignments tab see the Options menu Here you should check that all clutter properties from the grc file have been assigned This means that all entries in the clutter list left side in Figure 4 are checked At the same time make sure the number of entries in both lists is the same If the reference list has more entries than the clutter list WaveSight and WaveTune may produce unpredictable results or may not run at all This usually is not an issue as any clutter reference list that is automatically generated will have the correct number of entries Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 9 9 wavecall See your net work Wave
26. lick on the survey you want to tune and from the pop up menu choose Model Tuning When you are done you should have the Model Tuning window on the screen In the Model to tune line choose the dpm file corresponding to the WaveSight Model you want to tune Typically this would be the same name that you used to run predictions on the corresponding sector In the Model tuner line WaveTune is automatically chosen as the model tuner In the New Model name enter the name of the model that is defined by the parameters resulting from tuning the model chosen in step a In our example the Model to tune isWaveSight tune and the New Model name is Confidential O 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 23 23 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV WaveSight adjusted The process will create a new model file called WaveSight adjusted dpm and a clutter assignment file called WaveSight adjusted cpa ModelTuning 1 New model name waves ight_adjusted Model to tune WaveSight_Tune hd Model tuner WaveT une Edit Model Edit Tuner cent Press Edit Tuner to open the WaveTune Parameters window 3 In the WaveTune Parameters window Figure 8 WaveTune Parameters E x Tuning parameters Initial value Select Increment Corr Factor Vertical de M Ee Corr Factor Horizontal 30 dB WM a Corr Factor Terrain 30 dB lv ae Tuning Option rms sl I Use Clutter Tuning Figure 8 Wave
27. nt advanced Confidential O 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 10 10 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV 2 4 2 Parameters read by WaveSight from the transmitter settings From the main page Figure 5 The sector location coordinates X Y for each sector Note that if all the sectors are located at the same place then this is equivalent to site location of earlier editions of the interface The interface now supports non co located sectors It is now possible for one site to have its antennas at different locations From the Edit Sector Figure 6 EIRP dBm The equivalent isotropic radiated power EIRP in dBm Antenna type The antenna pattern Height m The antenna height in meters Azimuth The antenna azimuth in degrees Down tilt The antenna down tilt in degrees Distance Half the size of the square of the prediction frame Propagation Model The Wave Sight propagation model WaveSight is only generating masked propagation predictions Therefore the user must check prediction parameters by sector in the site editor window Figure 5 Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 11 11 wavecall See your net work Site Properties F504XC007 E F504XC007 J Use indexing Start index From M Badials 720 Height 26 8224 m Distances 1 Km DEM IT Enable SPT 549926 197354 4182123 222162 bon Figure 5 Site Editor conti NO ZOCaWavecaNSAN ENN vu04 Page 12 12
28. osition is required The paper 2 contains a discussion of the influence of the database accuracy on prediction results It is available on Wavecall s web site There should not be any repeated vertices This restriction applies to the versions before 2 2 19 of the WaveSight algorithm The index file must contain the string building or vegetation It is important to set the frame coordinates correctly in the file index txt WaveSight is only reading buildings inside these coordinates Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 16 16 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV 2 5 3 Vector data format An example of the buildings or vegetation format with all conditions as indicated above is shown below Vector file Header Record Easting Northing Easting Northing Easting Northing Easting Northing Easting Northing Header Record Easting Northing Easting Northing Easting Northing The final row is terminated by a carriage return The format of the header record is as follows Record Identifier used to identify building segment in attributes file 16 47 32 Character description not used same as feature name field in index file entry 51 55 Record Count 00001 buildings 00005 725777 00 5031472 00 725775 00 5031468 00 725778 00 5031467 00 725780 00 5031471 00 725777 00 5031472 00 00002 buildings 00005 725783 00 5031472 00 725781 00 5031468 00 Con
29. ts an attenuation associated with the ray propagating in the horizontal plane mainly for propagation around buildings e Corr Factor Terrain represents an attenuation associated with the ray propagating in the vertical plane over terrain It significantly influences propagation in open areas 3 Use the minimum number of clutter properties cf Figure 9 This means that you should try to get as much information as you can get on the clutter properties and assign them in the WaveSight_tune dpm file the model file before tuning The more clutter you select for tuning the longer the tuning process will take On a 1 5 GHz Pentium 4 machine a survey route with 1000 points an area of 4 km and a resolution of 50m might run for 5 hours to tune the three correction factors and one clutter property A good way to choose the clutter to tune is to open the survey in the Survey to Grid comparison window Chose only those clutter types that have a nonzero number of points You can further reduce the number of clutter classes to tune by obtaining local knowledge E g water in your area has a known absorption factor so does concrete etc Note WaveTune is directly using the clutter grid of Planet EV Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 28 28 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV Important There is a limit of 14 different clutter properties that are simultaneously tunable This limit is there to keep computation times reasonable Usu
30. wing the same procedures as running any other prediction tool in Planet EV Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 20 20 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV Each time WaveSight is called a log file named wsanalysis err is generated It is located in project directory The main use of this file is to track WaveSight errors whenever they occur This file was particularly designed to run WaveSight over a large number of sites In case WaveSight encounters an error on one sector It will log the error to wsanalysis err Amessage in the Generator window will prompt the user to look at the log file The predictions are carried out on the remaining sectors Confidential 2003 Wavecall SA Jul 04 Page 21 21 wavecall WaveSight User Manual Planet EV 3 WaveTune 3 1 Introduction Planet EV is offering a model tuning feature Here the term model tuning means the process of adjusting the parameters of the WaveSight model in order to produce predictions that are as accurate and realistic as possible The tuning is usually performed using measured signal strength data collected during surveys The parameters adjusted in this way are generally the clutter absorption loss values the Corr Factor Vertical the Corr Factor Horizontal and the Corr Factor Terrain 3 2 Running WaveTune If you are new to model tuning please read the corresponding entries in Planet EV s help system The following lines assume that you are f
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