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spindlepro guide pdf - MAL Manufacturing Automation Laboratories

1. Disc Sleeve Delete x Modify Disc Data Disc Number Add New 1st node N1 18 v Insert New end node N2 19 Material f2 Aluminum Mass i i Assembly View Options Inside Diameter Di 467 men Outside Diameter Do 30 mm Y Elements Elements numbers IV Nodes numbers Y Bearings FARE E 50 Bearings numbers UN an E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel 1 node amp 2 node These combo lists display the list of available anchor nodes First and second node can be switched without any consequence The program allows entering two nodes whatever their coordinates are provided that their number is not the same Material This combo list allows choosing a material from those recorded material database Inside and outside diameter Dimensions of the element One should be aware that the program authorizes any values provided that outside diameter is greater than inside diameter AO The length of this type of element is automatically set by the program and is equal to the distance between the 1 and 2 nodes entered by the user MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 22 67 I Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Nodel Node2 Material LD mm Sees F 90 T Disc Sleeve q PK Delete ES Modify 19 2 Aluminum Mass Add
2. lejos in 15 x 3 Model Properties 9 Y t MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 10 67 In the Assembly View Options the Check Boxes allow selecting drawing options such as displaying node element or bearing numbering The Full Screen button enlarges the model view to a size more suitable for smaller parts All the options described before are still available in full screen mode The Add Graph to Report function is later explained in the Project Report section of the Post processing section Even without pressing the OK button of the Model Properties Window new data are written into the matrices so a simulation can be run without closing the window Nevertheless pressing the Cancel button erases the modifications made since the window was first opened The following sections describe the various interfaces used to make modifications or enter new data All these modifications are secure that is to say that the program will not allow the user to enter an erroneous value and will display a message specifying the type of error 1 Preprocessor 1 1 Material Properties The material properties of the spindle and housing are defined in this step 3 Add New Material es Material Data Material Number Description Stainless Steel Young s Modulus E 2610 Nim Poisson s Ratio p 03 Density p 7800 Kg m Shear Coefficient
3. 1 Radial in Y Modify Add New i 2E Insert New i Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers IV Nodes numbers V Bearings Bearings numbers s Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel 2 Processor Nonlinear Static Analysis In the Nonlinear Static Analysis the aim is to predict the bearing stiffness under given static loading for a desired spindle speed The static forces can be preload or any other static force The user can run the nonlinear static analysis using either of the following ways Nonlinear Static Analysis Nonlinear Static Analysis Linear Dynamic Response Linear Dynamic Response Nonlinear Dynamic Response Nonlinear Dynamic Response Linear Dynamic Response It is used to predict the time response of the model under dynamic forces using linear bearing model 1 e constant bearing stiffness The user can run the analysis using either of the following ways MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 53 67 amp Static Analysis Undamped Modal Analysis Run Damped Modal Analysis Static Analysis Modal Analysis FRE Analysis FRE Analysis gt FRE Analysis WIth Modal Damping Nonlinear Static Analysis Nonlinear Static Analysis Linear Dynamic Response Linear Dynamic Response Nonlinear Dynamic Response Nonlinear Dynamic Response In the linear dynamic response analysis the user has to provide the bearing stiff
4. Clicking on this button opens four windows one window for displaying the natural frequencies for each mode and three windows for displaying the displacements for each mode 1 e axial torsional and bending Down arrow next to the icon allows the user to open the natural frequencies or undamped modes windows separately p Undamped Modes Natural Frequencies One can get a graphic interpretation of a mode shape by selecting the chosen column and clicking the Graph Selected Mode button located at the right bottom of the window The mode shape is then displayed in a window which is similar to the graphic window in the static analysis results MEE vraunved enana mode shane 1727040 NERE a Upbors Mode 2 3 _ Elements Numbers Freq 278 88 Hz 733 59 Hz 1056 59 Hz 7 Nodes Number pala sp Slope Disp Slope Disp Slope D FF Noder Node 1 1 03 02 7 06E 02 265E 00 316E 01 205E 01 348E 00 44 Node2 8506 03 6 93E 02 1 86E 00 2 94E 01 1186 01 313E 00 13 Node3 6826 03 6 11E 02 121E 00 158E 01 5356 02 1 10E 00 57 Node 4 4846 03 5 96E 02 7 01E 01 1 35E 01 1 86E 02 812E 01 68 Node5 2926 03 5 53E 02 297E 01 7 86E 00 252E 03 181E 01 42 Node 6 1538 03 5 45E 02 930E 02 6 89E 00 7 21E 03 865E 02 15 Node 7 103E 03 535E 02 233E 02 S65E 00 829E 03 2406 02 48 Node 8 310E 03 155E 01 394E 02 180E 00 3 34E 02 140E 00 41 Node 9 2 06E 03 467E 01 1 03E 02 457E 01 224E 02 455E 00
5. 1 1 Node 10 491E 03 5 14E 01 1 24E 02 447E 01 524E 02 499E 00 1 Node 11 5 15E 02 8 12E 01 315E 02 237E 01 5 03E 01 6 71E 00 1 C Node 12 954E 02 424E 01 3 65E 02 398E 02 8 00E 01 169E 00 13 Node 13 1 03E 01 6 11E 01 267E 02 2586 01 693E 01 5 08E 00 26 Node 14 448E 02 224E 00 866E 03 3 01E 01 251E 01 7 87E 00 1 1 Node 15 6466 03 3 75E 00 1 30E 03 212E 01 3796 02 6 22E 00 1 2 Node 16 533E 02 454E 00 1 33E 04 1496 01 1 08E 02 479E 00 1 C Al n 1 9 FQE_n1 Ge e1eann 2 22E_NA 1 Q QE_n 7 FAE_ND eon naen 2 4 Es Graph Selected Mode Example of list of bending modes 1 mode shape 278 88Hz le fF Deter Shape Node Data Node 20 Noda Duplacemert 11 g HUS pas Peover Zoom Reset 3 4 Damped Modes The use of this function is quite similar to the Undamped Modes except that the results are now expressed in complex numbers The graphic display of mode shapes shows only the magnitude of displacement Fel a Damped Modes Natural Frequencies MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 28 67 Another difference from the undamped case 1s that the damping ratio for each mode is also displayed in the Natural Frequencies window Natural Frequencies and Damping Ratios AS Mode Frequency Hz Damping ratio a FREE LES ONE 1 25E 07 2 2397 96 3 47E 07 3 3000 29 1 35E 07 4 4898 12 0 00E 00 5 5243 09 3 24E 0 6 6469 86 1 91E 07 2917 81 2
6. 3247E 03 kry O 3724E O0O1 0 3018E 07 0 1797E 01 3247E 03 0 5452E 05 krz Bearing stifness for bearing 4 Kx Ky K2 Kry Krz 0 1038E 09 0 2164E4 01 3811E 00 O 6634E 02 0 3768E 01 kx 0 2164E 01 O 1833E 09 0 1091E 01 1823E 01 0 23061E 07 ky 3811E 00 O LOSIEtOL 0 1833E 09 3061Et07 0 1823E 01 kz 0 6634E 02 1823E 01 3061E 07 O S5S552Et05 3306E 03 kry 0 3768E 01 0 3061E 07 0 1823E 01 3306E 03 0 5552E 05 krz F jna results Load Step 2 No of Iteration for this step Bearing stifness for bearing 1 KX Ky KZ Kry Krz 0 11438E 09 2446E 01 0 387 38E 00 O 7923E 02 0 4996E 01 kx 2446E 01 O 2093E 09 0 11122E 01 0 2208E 01 4120E 07 ky O 3S87SE O00 0 1122E 01 0 2093E 09 O 4120E 07 2208E 01 kz O 7923E 02 0 2208E 01 0 4120E 07 0 8722E 05 4674E 03 kry 0 4996E 01 4120E tO07 2208E O1 4674E 03 O 8722E 05 krz Bearing stifness for bearing 2 Kx Ky Kz Kry Krz 0 11110E 09 2380E 01 0 3766E 00 0 7658E 02 0 4838E 01 kx 2380E 01 O 2044E 09 O 1TO9SE 01 O 2148E 01 4008E 07 ky 0 37666E 00 0 1095E 01 0 2044E 09 0 4008E 07 2148E 01 kz O 7658E 02 0 2148E 01 0 4008E 07 0 38427E 05 4516E 03 kry 0 43838E 01 4008E 07 2148E 01 4516E 03 0 8427E 05 krz Bearing stifness for bearing 3 Kx Ky Kz Kry Krz v results can be viewed by using the Results option from the menu MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 56 67 dodal solution numeric Reaction forces numeric Axial Gehection grapric Racial Genection gr
7. Bearing Number It indicates the bearing number Bearing Ring It indicates which side of the bearing is desired to be controlled 1 e Inner Ring or Outer Ring Control The user can fix the ring to spindle shaft or housing by selecting Fixed or make it movable along spindle shaft or housing by selecting Sliding The ring control is shown with full green box for Fixed and empty green circle for Sliding rings in the display window MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 47 67 113 Model Properties DE Bearing Inner Outer Ring 1 Inner Ring Outer Ring Inner Ring Outer Ring Inner Ring Outer Ring Inner Ring Outer Ring COP Mim oe oro tH af Oo POR a Necccsccccesssscnsccetescesesccnscssosssecesreceses Fixed Moveable Fixed sliding sliding Fixed Sliding Sliding Fixed Sliding C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Bearing Ring Delete Ed Modify Add New i Insert New i Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers IV Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Fixed When the ring of the bearing is fixed to the spindle shaft or housing they do not have a relative motion between each other Sliding When the ring of the bearing is fixed to the spindle shaft or housing they have a relative motion between each other In the Parame
8. Spindle Pro Spindlpro exe User Manual 2829 Highbury Street Vancouver B C V6R 3T7 manufacturing Canada automation Tel 604 998 4686 laboratories eFax 604 608 3265 E mail sales malinc com URL http www malinc com This document is a work in progress If you find any errors or omissions please bring them to the attention of The Manufacturing Automation Laboratory at the University of British Columbia Important Notice Manufacturing Automation Laboratories Inc MAL reserves the right to modify or discontinue the software or the software specification identified in this document without notice MAL advises its customers to obtain the latest version of the software specifications to verify before placing orders that the information being relied upon by the customer is current MAL makes no warranties expressed or implied including without limitation the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose regarding the software MAL does not warrant guarantee or make any representations regarding the use or the results of the use of the software in terms of its correctness accuracy reliability currentness or otherwise You assume the entire risk as to the results and performance of the software In no event will MAL and its directors officers employees or agents be liable to you for any consequential incidental or indirect damages including damages for loss of business profits business
9. Divided Equally If the model has successive elements with same material properties and dimensions these elements can be created by dividing one element into multiple equal length elements MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 13 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Material Uz Add New Element x Element Data Element Number Material i Stainless Steel Stationary Rotating Rotating v Inside Diameter Di E Outside Diameter Do 20 Length L Modify Insert New i Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Divided Equally Y Bearings Starting Coordinate X for mm new section cot Bearings numbers Full Screen Add Graph to Report ii 2101 x Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing m Element Material S R LD mm O D fmm Length mm Origin mm ES 12 1 Stainless Steel Rotating 33 15 57 6 49 175 321 25 Eg Delete 13 1 Stainless Steel Rotating 33415 57 6 49 175 370 425 14 1 Stainless Steel Rotatina 33 15 50 19 419 5999 i 15 1 Stainless Steel x EL Modify 16 1 Stainless Steel 17 1 Stainless Steel Rete pene ele 7 16 1 Stainless Steel Element Number ys 19 1 Stainless Steel
10. the modal analysis is performed by the Undamped Eigensolver Module and natural frequencies and mode shapes of the system are obtained Once the eigenvectors are determined the module normalizes them with respect to the mass matrix The natural frequencies and modes shapes are separated into axial torsional and bending categories and are sorted in ascending order If damping properties are defined for bearings the Damped Eigensolver Module is evoked to find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the spindle system This solver is a double precision complex arithmetic eigensolver which returns the eigenvalues in real and imaginary parts from which the damped natural frequencies and damping ratios are extracted The solution involves the re arrangement of system matrices in the state space form and uses LAPACK s general complex QR algorithm to obtain all eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the system The modes are separated into axial torsional and bending categories and are sorted in ascending order 2 3 Frequency Response Function FRF Analysis The capabilities of this analysis are detailed below a Frequency response of the system at any required point b Frequency range and resolution of analysis are specified by user c Damping may be introduced in two ways general damping from bearings or modal damping d In the case of general damping damping properties of bearings are defined and a full solution method is used which solves the damped
11. veere Nodal Force 1 Axial 1 Radial in Y 1 Radial in Z 1 1 Modify Add New 1 Insert New i m Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers a Full Screen Add Graph to Report ii OK Cancel MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 40 67 The required nodal force data are different from the linear analysis The user has to provide a force file which can be preload static or dynamic force depending on the analysis a Nonlinear Static Analysis In the nonlinear static analysis the applied forces have to be static Generally only the preload is applied in the nonlinear static analysis The preload is applied to the bearings so node number of the bearing is specified in the Nodal Force Data The name of the force file is also specified in this step Since this force is not an impact force Impact Force for FRF should be set to No in this analysis The example project file for nonlinear static analysis is ManualExample_NSA spr xi Nodal Force Data Nodal Force Node 40 y Direction Axial v Force Function Name ePro Preload Tim Browse Start Time for Force 0 Function s Impact Force for FRF No cot The force file has to be created by the user The required file format is given below First line includes a text which can be any text Second line
12. 27E 07 8 9131 50 5 29E 08 9 10370 28 7 89E 08 Axial 10 10419 19 9 63E 08 11 10590 06 2 59E 07 12 11214 05 0 00E 00 13 12162 39 4 03E 08 14 13239 87 1 61E 08 15 15455 23 2 14E 07 16 17369 86 2 66E 07 17 18492 33 0 00E 00 18 20713 16 8 23E 08 19 21787 24 2 46E 07 E Add to sc laa 3 5 Frequency Response Function This module allows getting the Frequency Response Function for every node and degree of freedom The graphic output looks like the following example lg Frequency Response Real Part miN 3 83E02 7 57E02 1 13E03 1 5003 1 88E03 2 25E03 2 62E03 3 00E03 Frequency Hz Point Coordinates 19997 05 Hz Y 2 138481E 07 m lt gt Imaginary Part m N wane 3 83E02 7 67E02 1 13E03 1 50E03 1 88E03 2 25E03 262E03 3 00E03 5 00E 10 1 00E 09 1 50E 09 2 00E 09 Frequency Hz el Bl xj C Radial Torsionnal Slope i RAE POS ques Cursor Zoom Reset dd Graph to Report Create frf File Point Coordinates X Hz Y m lt gt OK MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 29 67 One can choose the degree of freedom and node at which the Frequency response should be displayed by selecting the appropriate options in the upper right D O F frame Degree Of Freedom Two graphs plot the real and imaginary part or the magnitude and phase of the frequency response according to the selected button Real Im or M Ph1 in this frame
13. 474E02 829602 1 18603 1 54603 1 89E03 2 25603 260E03 2 96E03 5 00E 07 1 00E 06 1 50E 06 2 00E 06 2 50E 06 Frequency Hz 1340 868 Hz Y 56158E 07 Ea MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 67 67
14. 6 6 6 7 7 8 3 8 9 3 J 1 d FRF from Nonlinear Dynamic Response FRF of the model can also be calculated from nonlinear dynamic response First the nonlinear dynamic response module should be run and then the FRF from time response module Similar to other analysis static forces can also be used in this analysis Since the force is an impact force Impact Force for FRF should be set to Yes in this analysis The project file for nonlinear dynamic analysis and FRF is ManualExample FRF NDR spr Spacer is used to transfer the forces between the bearings MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 44 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal is 3 rer ne prs z C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Spacer Bearing Inner Oute Spacer Data Spacer Number PH Delete t i v 1st Bearing fi al ER 2nd Bearing 2 w Bearing Ring Inner Ring Add New Material Stainless Steel SE earl New Inside Diameter Di 60 gt mm Outside Diameter Do 70 v mm Assembly View Options Iv Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Spacer data are 1 Bearing First bearing attached to the spacer 2 Bearing Second bearing attached to the spacer Bearing Ring The location of the spacer attached to the bearings 1 e Inner Ring or Outer Ring Material
15. Assembly View Options V Elements Elements numbers IV Nodes numbers IV Bearings Bearings numbers I Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel ii The constraint representation in nonlinear modeling is shown in the figure All the DOF are constrained for the desired nodes similar to linear modeling MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 39 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Force Moment 1 1 Radial 1 1 Torque 1 Another part that has to be modified 1s the Nodal Force In the linear modeling only the direction and the magnitude of the force moment are required However in the nonlinear model the following data are required Force Function The force should be defined in a text file with an extension of Tim so that the software recognizes it i e Preload Tim Start time It shows the time when the user wants to start applying the force This option is used when there is a dynamic force in the model Generally dynamic forces are applied when the vibrations due to the static forces die out For FRF This option is used for frequency response analysis If the force is an impulse force the user has to select Yes Otherwise 1t should be set as No 13 Model Properties i Oj x Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Output C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing
16. Node 28 345 06 E Full Screen AN Material 1 Stainless Steel S R Stationary Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Clicking the left mouse button on any element in the plot of the model automatically switches to the corresponding tab in the upper frame selects this element in the grid and displays a summary of the related data in the plot MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 9 67 i Model Properties ioj x Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve f Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Element Material Length mm Origin mm 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 41 78 PK Delete 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 78 345 06 _ 1 Stainless Steel stationary 79 63 114 3 41 76 306 04 i E 7 E Modify 1 Stainless Steel stationary 09 9 114 3 9 98 426 62 1 Stainless Steel stationary 09 97 114 3 10 438 6 1 Stainless Steel stationary 09 97 114 3 22 32 445 6 Add New ET Insert New y Assembly View Options Iv Elements Elements numbers J Nodes numbers Delete Element Modify Element Add New Element Bearings numbers Insert New Element E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Clicking the right mouse button on any element displays a pop up menu that allows making modifications to this element a Spindle Dynamics New Project _ x File Model Run Results Windows Help Es Y Bearings
17. Ratios Display the natural frequencies and damping ratios of the spindle design for each degree of freedom Damped Mode Shapes Display the damped mode shapes for bending torsional and axial modes in a tabulated form FRF Display frequency response of the model with damping matrix for each degree of freedom FRF with Modal Damping Display frequency response of the model with modal damping for each degree of freedom Time Response Not available for linear analysis Bearing Stiffness Not available for linear analysis Bearing Contact Force Not available for linear analysis FRF from Time Response Not available for linear analysis Windows shows the active windows in the program Help opens the help file Toolbar has short cuts for the menu options 2 0 40 4 87 Polo dalla 9 The buttons related to results are disabled before program is run once E SENER BH pojer E l o canica ocn o pe mato or np a o Pai dpi E won MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 6 67 File Model Run Results Windows Help jela 18 Je li Model Properties t Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Designation The form is divided in two frames pisser Material I D mm O D mm Length mm Origin mm a 0 20 25 0 1 1 Stainless Steel Rotating 2 1 Stainless Steel _ Rotating 3 1 Stainless Steel Rotating d 1 Stainless Steel Rotating 5 1 Sta
18. data input previously because the bearing model is changed to nonlinear model MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 33 67 C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Material Description E N m Poisson D Kg m Shearcf Th cf 1C CO4 m C a 1 Stainless Steel 2E 10 0 3 7800 1 1 0 1 0 1 Pt Delete Modify Add New HER 53 Insert New i Warning message AN Bearing Data has to be changed due to the change of bearing model Assembly View Options Please modify the bearing parameters 4 Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers V Bearings Bearings numbers El Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Another warning message appears after clicking OK for the bearing data warning message This message reminds the user to modify the nodal force because the DOF of the model has been changed due to the nonlinear bearing model xi AN Nodal Force has to be changed due to the change of bearing model When the analysis 1s switched to nonlinear bearing model inner and outer rings of the bearings are also counted in the node numbering different than the linear bearing model in which they are not counted in the node numbering The numbering is done automatically by the software The numbers above the centerline represents the node numbers for the inner and outer bearing rings as shown
19. equation of motion is solved for the given range of frequency e In the case of modal damping first an undamped eigenvalue analysis is performed then the user is prompted to enter damping ratios for all or individual modes and finally the FRF analysis is performed using the mode superposition method The user can also specify which modes will be included in the solution The process of FRF calculation depends on the type of damping included in the model If the user supplies damping properties for the bearings the program will use the MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 24 67 full solution method to solve the set of system equations for the given range of frequency For this purpose at each frequency the system matrices are formed boundary conditions are applied and the solution is obtained using a complex arithmetic equation solver which returns the real and imaginary parts of nodal displacements in all directions The equation solver is also adopted from LAPACK library Alternatively the user may like to introduce modal damping for all or some individual modes e g from experimental results If this option is selected the program first performs an undamped eigenvalue analysis to determine natural modes of the system Then the user will be asked to enter modal damping ratios and specify which modes should be included in the solution Uz Modal Damping Ratios x Options P Axial Modes Common Damping Ratio v
20. extension is out is always created which allows the user to review the results of the analysis Nonlinear Analysis in SpindlePro Linear Analysis Only 4 DOF are considered in the model which are x axial y radial Ox twist and Oy slope y Nonlinear Analysis In nonlinear model 5 DOF of the spindle are included in the analysis x axial y radial in y z radial in z 0z slope in xy plane and Oy slope in xz plane MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 31 67 The capabilities of nonlinear analysis in SpindlePro Nonlinear Static Analysis It is used to predict the bearing stiffness under a given preload or any other static force at a desired spindle speed The outputs of this analysis are displacement contact angle contact forces and bearing stiffness matrix file which has the Same name as the input file with an extension sti The file includes all the stiffness matrices for all bearing under each preload if the preload is changing Linear Dynamic Response It is used to predict the time history response under dynamic forces using linear bearing model The bearing stiffness is assumed to be constant during the analysis The bearing stiffness data can be obtained from Nonlinear Static Analysis or supplied by the user Nonlinear Dynamic Response It is used to predict the bearing stiffness contact force contact angles displacement velocity and acceleration using nonlinear bearing model The b
21. in the display frame The bearing parameters for nonlinear analysis are different than the ones in linear case The user first has to modify the bearing parameters in order to continue the analysis MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 34 67 Model Properties HE 7 22 2 24 mam 15 32 AAA 60 60 50 Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Output 95 95 80 N1 N2 Di rim Do mm Dbimm 10 10 10 Eb Posion bj Er Posion Theta Nball 4 6 1E 08 3 05E 09 1 0 05 0 05 0 05 6 1E 08 3 01E 09 1 0 05 0 05 0 05 5 8E 08 2 9E 09 1 0 05 0 05 0 05 C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Bearing P Delete iil Modify Add New Insert New th Assembly View Options 4 Elements Elements numbers IV Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers Full Screen Add Graph to Report li OK Cancel Double clicking on any row for the bearing data pops up the Modify Bearing window The user can also use the Modify button from the menu on the right Some of the data are same as the data for linear modeling However the user needs to input the data for the bearing ball and rings and the contact angle The rule of thumb for the sign of contact angle is illustrated in the figures below MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 35 67 E Modify Bearing Material Element Bea
22. of the list Insert Calls an interface for inserting an item before the selected 1tem Double clicking on a row also allows modifying it if it contains an item or to add a new row at the end of the list m Assembly View Options iv Elements Elements numbers iv Nodes numbers A a a a a a a a a AAA hata 4 Bearings o 2 Bearings numbers EII i me AAA E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel The lower Frame contains the Model View that is drawn and updated as the elements are entered or changed MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 8 67 113 Model Properties z G x Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve f Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Element LD mm O D mm Length mm Origin mm 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 78 303 28 PH Delete 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 78 345 06 mM 1 Stainless Steel stationary 79 63 114 3 41 78 306 04 vee 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 89 97 1143 9 98 428 62 E Modify 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 89 97 114 3 10 435 6 1 Stainless Steel stationary 09 97 114 3 22 32 445 6 Add New Insert New Assembly View Options iv Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings MENT 27 RENE Bearings numbers RE 1D 79 63 mm OD 114 3 mm Length 41 78 mm Pa SE Coordinate for Node 27 303 28 wy Coordinate for
23. E 10 1 76E 09 3 33E 01 8 92E 09 12 3 24E 10 1 78E 09 3 33E 01 4 47E 09 13 2 43E 10 1 25E 09 3 33E 01 1 32E 08 14 1 62E 10 4 02E 10 3 33E 01 1 73E 08 15 1 12E 10 1 91E 11 3 33E 01 1 80E 08 16 1 12E 10 1 61E 10 3 33E 01 1 80E 08 17 1126 10 7 62E 10 3 33E 01 1 80E 08 18 1 12E 10 1 37E 09 3 33E 01 1 80E 08 19 1 12E 10 1 97E 09 3 33E 01 1 80E 08 iv Nodes Numbers Y Nodes Iv JV Deformed Shape mNodal Data Node 1 Displacement m 1 168436E 08 RE ROS Jus Pointer Zoom Reset Add Graph to Report OK The above figure shows an example of one of these plots The undeformed shape of the model is drawn in white the deformed shape with loads in red For each node the deviation from undeformed shape is proportional to the displacement for the chosen degree of freedom on this example Axial deflection The options menu on the right of the form allows changing the drawing settings such as elements numbering nodes numbering nodes display undeformed shape display and deformed shape display When Pointer button is activated moving the mouse over a node makes the Nodal Data frame displaying the value of the deflection or rotation at this node Activating the Zoom gt MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 27 67 button allows to zoom on a specific area of the drawing The zoom is reset to its default initial value by clicking on the Reset Button NS 3 3 Undamped Modes
24. ICCV 68 sccicssscisssacusenxessvassasavanstessatsenaccusenaeieraseasanaascesionaewonens 19 Dome TOCS OT oreren en aE EE E E 21 BE SALE ARENSE E E A E E E E ninio 22 2 2 Modal ADIS A SENE 22 2 3 Frequency Response Function FRE Anal ySsis ssssssscscccccssssssscsees 22 Jer OSCE OC CSS OF AE E E EE mA 24 Jl PEOSCNTA ON iio 24 SERA E Uno E 24 J E Undamped Modes road 26 3 4 Damped O A II I 26 3 5 Frequency Response BF UNCUIOM s ssceseccssscihsossvesscsraceccsceecsseneraveatocesdessaesaveutusssdese 27 3 6 Frequency Response Function with Modal DampiIng cccccsssssssssees 28 Dal lA E T ENE 28 Nonlinear Analysis in SpindlePro cccccccsssssssccccccsssssssssccccsscsssssssscees 30 ES cuceesssuersenteesesecsssesssctaexctntssesess 31 Zim O 49 I OSCE OC CSS A 5 E 51 MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 3 67 Linear Analysis in SpindlePro Introduction SpindlePro software is a finite element program which analyses the static and dynamic response of a machine tool spindle The current version of the program assumes that the spindle is axi symmetric and models it as a 2 D beam problem and is able to account for axial bending and torsional behaviors of the system The program also allows users to include bearings and spindle housing as part of the FE model SpindlePro is user friendly with the options and features that include Menu and windowing environment Graphical and text capabil
25. New Assembly View Options iv Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings 7 Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Mis 2 Processor There are three different modes of analysis in this program static analysis modal analysis and frequency response function FRE analysis One can run any of these analyses after finishing entering the model by choosing the corresponding option in the Run menu or Icon i i q e Bi Static Analysis Undamped Modal Analysis Damped Modal Analysis ia Static Analysis FRF Analysis Modal Analysis FRF Analysis WIth Modal Damping FRF Analysis gt Nonlinear Dynamic Response lonline Dynamic Resp FRF From Time Response ep ao e Response 2 1 Static Analysis The capabilities of this analysis are detailed below MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 23 67 a Deflection of the beam due to a given load at all positions and in every direction b Reaction forces at support positions 2 2 Modal Analysis The capabilities of this analysis are detailed below a Undamped natural frequencies and mode shapes b Damped natural frequencies damping ratios and mode shapes c General type of damping is used which is input from bearing data d The modes are sorted according to their type bending axial torsional and are reported in ascending order If the model involves no damping
26. S Material 1 Stainless Steel y Ey ti EZ Stationary Rotating Stationary v Inside Diameter Di 95 aw Assembly View Options IV Elements Outside Diameter Do 122 1 e oras Length L 9 ES V Nodes numbers I Divided Equally IV Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen OK Cancel Starting Y Coordinate X for 140 mm new section li MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 14 67 Starting Coordinate X for new section Checking this option disconnects this element from the previous one in the list It allows entering the properties for the housing of the spindle for instance There is no limitation of the number of disconnected elements To specify the position of this type of element enter the absolute coordinate of its first node The absolute coordinate is expressed with respect to the origin of the first node of the first element For the first element with the option Starting Coordinate X for new section Divided Equally cannot be selected which means this element cannot be equally divided Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve fe Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Element E Material S R I D rm O D mm Length mm Origin mm a 24 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 95 177 9 135 216 8 pet Delete 25 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 95 114 3 29 2 232 3 26 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 76 261 5 27 1 Stainless Steel Ste
27. The material of the spacer Inside Diameter Dj Inside diameter of the spacer in mm Outside Diameter D Outside diameter of the spacer in mm MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 45 67 Io Model Properties JE x Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Output Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Inner Outer Ring Material Inner Ring 1 Stainless Steel Outer Ring 1 Stainless Steel Inner Ring 1 Stainless Steel Outer Ring 1 Stainless Insert New Assembly View Options IV Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers IV Bearings 7 Bearings numbers E Full Screen Bearing Ring Control is the section for controlling the preloads on the bearings MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 46 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Dutput Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Bearing Ring Bearing Inner Outer Ring Fixed Moveable P Delete i xl Modify Bearing Ring Control Number Add New Bearing Number fi y Insert New Bearing Ring Inner Ring y ly View Options Control Fre Assembly View Options Iv Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Bearings numbers al s Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel li In the bearing ring control window
28. When Cursor button is activated clicking the left button of the mouse on any point on the graph makes a red marker line appearing at the chosen X coordinate and displays the coordinates of the corresponding point in the text boxes under the graph It is then possible to browse trough the points by using the left and right arrows buttons Activating the Zoom button allows zooming on a specific area of the graph The cursor option stays available after zooming The zoom is reset to its default initial value by clicking on the Reset Button By clicking Create frf File the text file for the selected FRF can be output 3 6 Frequency Response Function with Modal Damping This module is using the exact replica of the previous interface to display the results of the frequency response analysis with Modal Damping 3 7 Project Report Printing the results of a given analysis requires using the Report module of SpindlePro In this report one can add any grids graphics or graphs using the Add To Report button available on every results window Graphs and graphics are saved as they were displayed when the user clicks this button Hence one can save for instance only a specific area of a drawing by zooming it before adding the graph to the report By default the project report initially contains the name of the project date time and the whole batch of data of the spindle computation model One can delete a previously add
29. apmicy Twist angle graphic sope arapnic Natural Frequencies Undamped Mode Shapes Natural Frequencies and Damping Ratios Damped Mode Shapes RE With Modal Damping Acceleration Response FRE trom Time Response Only the displacements of the defined DOFs can be displayed in the results Uz Displacement Response 2 63E 05 1 Radial in Y 2 10E 05 1 58E 05 1 05E 05 25E 06 0 00E00 1 00600 2 75E00 4 50E00 6 25600 8 00E00 975E00 1 15E01 1 33E01 1 50E01 Time s m ef gt MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 57 67 The change in the bearing stiffness for each bearing can also be displayed I Bearing Stiffness 3 1 50E08 ee 1 00E08 5 00E07 0 00E00 1 00E00 275600 4 50E00 625600 8 00E00 9 75E00 1 15E01 1 33601 1 50E01 Time s The change in the bearing contact force for each bearing can be displayed as a result of nonlinear static analysis MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 58 67 lg Bearing Contact Force Be 101 x Maximum Contact Forces Among the Bearing Balls N Bearing Selection Bearing gt Inner Ring Outer Ring 1 00E02 page fell FOS ques Cursor Zoom Reset 00E01 2 00E02 1 50E02 Add Graph to Report Output to Text File 0 00E00 1 00E00 2 75E00 450E00 6 25E00 8 00E00 975E00 1 15E01 1 33E01 1 50E01 Time s OK Point Coordinates X 10 Y 1169 0845 lt gt b Non
30. bending moment Force Moment The magnitude of the force moment N N m 5 Model Properties i Ioj xj Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve fe Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Nodal Force PX Delete 1 Radial 1 1 Torgue 1 q Modify Direction Force Moment d Add New i Insert New Assembly View Options Iv Elements Elements numbers I Nodes numbers V Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel ii 1 6 Defining the Disc Sleeve Discs are a class of elements that are assumed to be rigidly connected to a rotating shaft such as gears bearing sleeve motor pulley The stiffness of these kinds of elements can be adjusted by the modulus of the materials For example 1f stiffness pulley is not considered just set the modulus of material for the pulley to zero or a very small value To do so SpindlePro creates an extra element between two nodes chosen by the user The program deals with this extra element as with a regular one that is to say that all its dynamic properties are included in the calculation This option is particularly useful if the linked object is made of a material different from the shaft MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 21 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing
31. calculation had been carried out in a previous session the results are still available without running once again the simulation for the same model One knows that the results of a given analysis are available if the associated button or menu is enabled F z 3 2 Static Results F Nodal Solution Reaction Forces Axial Deflection Radial Deflection Twist Angle Slope The available choices are Nodal solution displays the list of displacement values in every direction for all nodes including the ones locked by a boundary condition Reaction Forces displays the reaction forces and moments for the node locked by a boundary condition Axial deflection Plots a graph showing the displacement of each node Radial deflection in a given direction Twist angle Slope MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 26 67 ne Add to Report 44051 rar ma om Mi Ka I ma 19 1516 38 42 33 li Nodal solution 11 PES A Mar ma U3 Axial Deflection Node Radial mi Torsional rad Bending rad al TE I B 15E 07 3 34E 01 9 99E 06 2 7 71E 09 2 70E 07 3 34E 01 8 01E 06 3 3 7 38 09 1 25E 07 3 33E 01 2 04E 06 4 2 70E 09 6 41E 08 3 33E 01 1 50E 06 5 1 68E 09 2 46E 08 3 33E 01 7 05E 07 6 1 34E 09 7 21E 09 3 33E 01 6 04E 0 1 11E 09 1 62E 09 3 33E 01 4 91E 07 8 8 03E 10 3 66E 09 3 33E 01 1 50E 0 9 4 92E 10 8 63E 10 3 33E 01 2 84E 08 10 4 86E 10 9 71E 10 3 33E 01 2 69E 08 11 4 05
32. desired to be used the first load step data should be deleted If the preload is constant this procedure can be ignored The sentences in the file are not important since they are put only for information to the user The user can modify anything except the numbers in the file MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 55 67 The a ManualExample_NSA sti Notepad File Edit Format Help Final results Bearing stifness for bearing 1 Load Step 1 No of Iteration for this step First Preload Kx Ky Kz kry Krz 0 1125E 09 240SE 01 0 3813E 00 0 7765E 02 0 4896E 01 kx 240SE 01 O 2064E 09 0 11066E 01 0 2172E 01 4054E 07 ky 0 33813E 00 0 1106E 01 0 2064E 09 0 4054E 07 2172E 01 kz O 776SE 02 O 2172E 01 0 4054E 07 0 89547E 05 4580E 03 kry 0 4896E 01 4054E 07 2172E 01 4580E 03 0 8547E 05 krz Bearing stifness for bearing 2 Kx Ky Kz kry Krz O 108SE 09 2341E 01 0 3704E 00 0 7508E 02 0 4744E 01 kx 2341E 01 0 2015E 09 0 1080E 01 O 2114E 01 3945E 07 ky 0 3704E 00 0 1080E 01 0 2015E 09 O 394SE 07 2114E 01 kz O 7508E 02 0 2114E 01 0 3945E 07 O 8263E 05 4428E 03 kry 0 4744E 01 3945E 07 2114E 01 4428E 03 0 38263E 05 krz Bearing stifness for bearing 3 KX Ky Kz kry Krz O 1020E 09 O 2143E 01l 3782E t00 O 6568E 02 O 3724E 01 kx D 2143IEF01 O ISiietos 0 107 8E 01 1 97E 01 0 3018E 07 ky 3 82E 00 0 1078E 01 0 1811E 09 3018E 07 0 1797E 01 kz O 6566E 02 1797E 01 3016Et07 0 5452ErF05
33. e used to assign required displacement in a given degree of freedom axial radial torsional and slope e g to fix a degree of freedom of a node MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 18 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing m Constraint Start Node Direction End Node Constraint EL Modify E adanew Insert New B C Number Start Node i End Node Increment Assembly View Options Direction V Elements Displacement Elements numbers IV Nodes numbers V Bearings Scie cols A Bearings numbers A E A NA AAA E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Start Node It is the node to which the boundary condition is started to be applied End Node It is the node to which the boundary condition is ended to be applied Increment It defines increment at which the boundary condition is applied between the start node and the end node 1 e Increment 4 means boundary condition is only applied at every 4 nodes after the start node till the end node Direction The direction in which the boundary condition is applied 1 e axial displacement radial displacement twist angle slope Displacement The magnitude of the boundary condition If the direction of the node is fixed zero should be input mm MAL Inc Use
34. earing stiffness is always changing in the analysis due to the dynamic forces The effect of the spindle speed can also be included in the analysis but it might cause convergence problems for very high spindle speeds See the processing section for the alternative way of including the speed effects in nonlinear analysis MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 32 67 FRF from Time Response It is used to extract the Frequency Response Function of the model using either linear or nonlinear dynamic response The user can either start working on nonlinear part of SpindlePro with the previously created linear model or create a new model from the beginning Steps for creating a new model for nonlinear are same as the linear model This part of the manual will explain the differences of the nonlinear and linear applications In this part of the manual the difference between the linear and nonlinear analysis is explained The similar sections will not be repeated in this part During this part of the manual you will be seeing different project file name for each analysis These project files will be provided with the SpindlePro software so that the user can easily follow and understand the program 1 Preprocessor To switch the analysis from linear to the nonlinear bearing model the user has to check Nonlinear Bearing button Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing The software will give a warning message to the user to modify the bearing
35. ed element from the report by double clicking on it for a picture directly on it and for a list on the title The File menu allows setting up the printer and printing the report MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 30 67 a File SpindlePro Project Report Project Name C CutPro Program S pindleProsM anualE sample a Date amp Time January 03 2005 18 26 Summary of Model Properties Materials Description Young s Modulus Poisson Coeff Density Shear Coeff Thermal Coeff 1 Stainless Steel 2E 10 0 3 7800 1 1 0 1 2 Aluminum Mass 1 0 3 2700 1 11 0 Elements H Material S R Inside Diameter Outside Diameter Length 1 1 Rotating 0 20 25 2 1 Rotating 0 20 25 E 1 Rotating 0 45 32 5 4 1 Rotating 0 45 32 5 a 1 Rotating 33 15 76 25 6 1 Rotating 33 15 60 9 7 1 Rotating 33 15 60 34 9 8 1 Rotating 33 15 60 34 9 9 1 Rotating 33 15 60 41 10 1 Rotating 33 15 57 6 49 175 11 1 Rotating 33 15 57 6 49 175 12 1 Rotating 33 15 57 6 49 175 13 1 Rotating 33 15 57 6 49 175 14 1 Rotating 33 15 50 19 15 1 Rotating 33 15 50 10 16 1 Rotating 33 15 50 33 4 NE 1 Rotating 33 15 46 7 33 65 18 1 Rotating 33 15 46 7 33 65 19 1 Rotating 33 15 46 7 33 65 21 1 Stationary 95 127 1 9 22 1 Stationary 95 127 1 34 9 23 1 Stationary 95 127 1 34 9 24 1 Stationary 95 177 9 13 5 25 1 Stationary 95 114 3 29 2 26 1 Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 78 27 1 Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 78 28 1 Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 78 In addition a text output file which
36. file for nonlinear dynamic response is ManualExample NDR spr C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Nodal Force P Delete Add New Insert New M m Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Pal Add Graph to Report OK Cancel MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 42 67 c FRF from Linear Dynamic Response FRF of the model can be calculated from linear dynamic response First the linear dynamic response module should be run and then the FRF from time response module Similar to other analysis static forces can also be used in this analysis Since the force is an impact force Impact Force for FRE should be set to Yes in this analysis The preload for linear analysis is no longer necessary if the dynamic force is not in the same direction as the preload since the bearing stiffness is constant in this analysis 1 e does not change with preload If the impulse force is too big the program cannot run the simulation because the bearing stiffness changes too much ig Model Properties 3 JE xj Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Output C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Nodal Force P Delete Modify Add New KE Insert New Direction Force Function ro Program SpindlePro preload3
37. for Axial Modes 0 03 Common Damping Ratio a Bending Modes 0 03 iv Only include modes in the following frequency range in FRF calculation From fi Hz To 1400000 Hz Torsional Modes 278 88 0 03 733 59 0 03 1056 59 0 03 1750 13 0 03 1798 92 0 03 2703 17 0 03 2708 76 0 03 AR43 54 3595 34 naa hd Frf Frequency Range From lo Hzto 3000 Hz Number of Steps f 000 Ok The upper left Options frame allows to apply a common damping ratio to all the chosen nodes to include only the modes in a given range of frequencies in the FRF Analysis One can also directly enter the damping ratio by double clicking on the grids Before running the analysis one enters the frequency range and steps that will be used by the mode superposition method to calculate FRF when pressing OK 3 Postprocessor 3 1 Presentation When running a simulation the results are automatically saved in binary files that become part of the project The name of these files is the same as the project s and the extension vary depending on the type of analysis MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 25 67 sta for static analysis e1u for undamped modal analysis eid for damped modal analysis frf for frequency response analysis ffm for frequency response analysis with modal damping Each analysis updates a text file named after the name of the project with the out extension So if a
38. ial radial and rotational directions MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 16 67 Some parameters are set to 0 by default Torsional stiffness is most of the time not applicable in bearings since they don t carry torsional forces However if it is available it can be set in this window Bearing Damping data Damping of the bearing in axial radial and rotational directions Damping values are used for Damped Modal Analysis and FRF Analysis with Damping Matrix Normally the damping values for the bearings are not available but if they are available and desired to be used the software allows doing the damped analysis Uz Model Properties z ioj xj Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Stiffness N m or N m rad Damping N s m or N m s rad N1 N2 Di fmm Do mm YY mm Axial Radial Tors Axial Radial Tors a mm 7 22 60 95 10 6 188 3 05E9 1 1 1 1 PK Delete 219 24 60 95 10 6 188 3 05E9 1 1 1 1 3115 31 50 89 97 10 5 8E8 29E9 1 1 1 1 E Mod odify Bearing Add New R Insert New Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers nd i rd f 2 bear ME 3 bearin 1 bearing iv Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel too MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 17 67 1 4 Setting Constraints Boundary conditions ar
39. includes the number of lines of data Third line shows the name of the columns such as Time s and Force N Fourth and the rest of the lines show the data in the given format A comma or blank space can be used between two numbers The force file format is same for all kinds of forces For a linear force only two data points are enough to express as given in the example file In this example it is assumed that the preload is increasing linearly The user can also set a constant preload in which s he still needs to use 2 data points Linear preload is preferred when the user wants to see the variation of bearing stiffness with respect to preload MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 41 67 fj Preload Tim Notepad 15 x File Edit Format Help Number of Lines for Force Data 2 Time 5 Force N Wy Preload has to be a constant value for the analysis other than Nonlinear Static Analysis b Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis In nonlinear dynamic analysis a dynamic cutting force is applied to the system Static forces can still be applied to the system 1 e Preload but this time it should be a constant force 1 e Preload 3000N as in the example Preload3000N tim Dynamic forces 1 e cutting forces are defined in the same manner as static forces 1 e CuttingForce tim For a dynamic force data more data than static analysis should be provided for more accurate results The example project
40. initial bearing stiffness file MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 49 67 a Nonlinear Static Analysis In the parameters tabstrip for nonlinear static analysis the user can enter a spindle speed to include the speed effect on the bearing stiffness For the initial bearing stiffness the user can either use Using Default or User Defined File xi Solution Parameters Total Number of Time Steps Nstep 15 Output every Nth steps 1 Time Increment DT 1 Spindle Speed 2500 rem Initial Bearing Stiffness f Using Default C User Defined File cot The project file for nonlinear static analysis 1s ManualExample NSA spr b Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis For nonlinear dynamic analysis the user can still run the analysis for a desired spindle speed although for high spindle speeds the convergence is not guaranteed If the iteration does not converge the user can run the nonlinear static analysis for the desired spindle speed and use the output stiffness file in the linear dynamic analysis which will result the same output MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 50 67 The project file for nonlinear static analysis is ManualExample NDR spr c FRF from Linear Dynamic Response In the parameter tabstrip the only difference for linear dynamic response is the Initial Bearing Stiffness The user has to provide the bearing stiffness file to the software fo
41. inless Steel _ Rotating 6 1 Stainless Steel Rotating 1 Stainless Steel _ Rotating 8 1 Stainless Steel Rotating 9 1 Stainless Steel Rotating 1 1 Stainless Steel Antatinri Poisson Shearct Th cf 1 C Cowim C 60 A A lz Spindle Dynamics New Project E 181x Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Material P Delete Modify Add New a Insert New Assembly View Options IV Elements Elements numbers IV Nodes numbers IV Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Control Buttons 25 32 5 32 5 25 34 9 34 9 4 1 49175 25 50 82 5 115 140 149 163 9 216 8 22249 Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Ele lement P Delete EL Modify Ed Add New Insert New The upper one contains cells of data for the model and control buttons to manipulate these data By clicking on the tabs of the tabstrip one can browse through the MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 7 67 data grid of the associated type of element Materials Elements Bearings Boundary Conditions Constraints Nodal Forces and Discs Sleeves The Control Buttons on the right of the window allow to enter new data or to modify the data Delete Deletes the selected item row Modify Calls an interface for modifying properties of the selected item Add Calls an interface for adding an item at the end
42. interruption loss of business information and the like arising out of the use or inability to use the software even if MAL has been advised of the possibility of such damages MAL s liability to you for actual damages from any cause whatsoever and regardless of the form of the action whether in contract tort including negligence product liability or otherwise shall in no case exceed the invoiced amount paid for the right to use the software and the documentation Trademarks Pentium is a trademark of Intel Corporation Microsoft MS DOS are registered trademarks and Windows 3 x Windows 95 Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation IBM and PC AT are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation All other trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners 2014 Manufacturing Automation Laboratories Inc All rights reserved Table of Contents MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 2 67 Linear Analysis in SpindlePro sccccssssssccccccccccssssssssssssscssccccssssseees 4 APP 4 SpindlePro Structure overview cccccrccrrrsssssssssssssccccccccccccssssssssssssssccssssseees 4 UTE d E LE e E E A E O A A 4 A 10 LL Maternal a LE a aT E EEE E EEE S EE E E E 10 1 2 Defining MP E EE E 12 1 3 Setn Bearing EOD NCS 2c aaa 15 L SELLING ONSUGAIIUSS ise taaan 17 LS Denning the Nodal Forces unid Eee shades 18 LO DEMING the DISC S
43. is using either of the following ways MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 54 67 ye static Analysis Undamped Modal Analysis Run 5 ar Damped Modal Analysis Static Analysis Modal Analysis 4 FRE Analysis FRE Analysis 4 FRE Analysis With Modal Damping Nonlinear Static Analysis Nonlinear Static Analysis Linear Dynamic Response Linear Dynamic Response Nonlinear Dynamic Response Nonlinear Dynamic Response The effect of the spindle speed can also be included in the analysis but it might cause convergence problems for very high spindle speeds If the analysis does not converge because of the very high spindle speed the user can Nonlinear Static Analysis first analyze the model statically using the same spindle speed and then run the linear dynamic response using the bearing stiffness file output 3 Postprocessor a Nonlinear Static Analysis The outputs of the nonlinear static analysis are the displacement bearing stiffness and bearing contact force If linearly increasing preload is used in the nonlinear static analysis the output bearing stiffness file should be modified for the other analysis i e in linear dynamic response the user needs to provide the bearing stiffness file Since the program only reads the first set of stiffness values the values before the desired preload should be deleted from the file and the file needs to be saved like this for this analysis 1 e if the second preload is
44. ities Advanced mouse support features Project report management system SpindlePro Structure overview The SpindlePro software consists of three main modules preprocessor processor and postprocessor that interact and exchange data with each other under single environment The capabilities of the program are detailed below Static Analysis Deflection of the beam in every direction reaction forces and moments at support positions Modal Analysis Undamped and damped natural frequencies and mode shapes sorted according to their type axial torsional bending Frequency Response Function FRF Analysis Frequency response of the system at any required point Damping is introduced either using the given damping values which can be input in bearing data or modal damping Interface Menu has five submenus MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 4 67 File Model Run Results Windows Help o File has the following options File New Open Save Project Save Project as New Open a new project Open Open an existing project Save Project Save the current project Exit Save Project as Save the current project under a different project name Model Model ren i GS Properties Show model properties Input File Input File Show the data of the input file text file O Run Run 3 i x Static Analysis Static Analysis Run the project for static case Modal so gt Modal Analy
45. k 1 11 ma MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 11 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Material Designation E N m Poisson D Kg m Shearcf Th cf 1 01 Cl 44m C al Uz Add New Material x Material Data Material Number Description 00 Stainless Steel Young s Modulus E 2E 10 Nim Poisson s Ratio H 03 Density 9 7800 Kg m Shear Coefficient k 1 11 ae Insert New Assembly View Options lv Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen cos pr Add Graph to Report OK Cancel In Add New Material window the user is required to enter the material properties which the spindle housing disk and motor is made of Description Designation of the material It should be less than 30 character long otherwise it will be truncated Young s Modulus N m Young s modulus of the material Poisson s Ratio Poisson s ratio of the material Density kg m Density of the material Shear coefficient It is a factor that accounts for variation of strain over cross sectional area and is dependent on the shape of cross section For a circular beam a value of 10 9 is usually assumed Setting this factor equal to O reduces it to Euler Bernouilli Beam MAL Inc User Man
46. l Radialiny ro Program spindlePro HammerFi i i Assembly View Options V Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel The project file for linear dynamic analysis and FRF is ManualExample FRF _LDR spr For a hammer impulse data there is no need to provide every time step for zero force data A typical hammer force file is given below MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 43 67 HammerForce tim Notepad Ioj xj File Edit Format Help Number of Lines for Data rd Time Force 000000e 000 3 939240e 001 000000e 005 1 703693e 001 000000e 005 3 201173e 001 200000e 004 5 461143e 001 600000e 004 2 130744e4 000 000000e 004 7 055125e 000 400000e 004 1 722502e 002 800000e 004 5 105661e 002 200000e 004 7 218106e 002 600000e 004 5 355036e 002 DOOOODe 004 1 588575e 002 400000 004 1 196176e 000 00000e 004 2 875985e 000 200000e 004 7 724265e 001 600000e 004 1 015812e6 001 000000e 004 3 879645e 001 400000e 004 1 908755e 001 00000e 004 3 299503e 003 200000e 004 2 273171e 003 600000e 004 1 083050e 003 DOODODe 004 1 220504e 003 400000e 004 1 739702e 004 00000e 004 3 148144e 005 200000e 004 4 300200e 006 600000e 004 9 864987e 008 000000e 003 0 000000eE 000 O 9 000000e 000 0 4 3 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 5 5
47. linear Dynamic Response The outputs of the nonlinear dynamic response are the bearing stiffness bearing contact force and time response In this example the dynamic force is a cutting force in the radial direction Since the cutting force starts acting after a given time the effect of the cutting force can only be seen after that given time MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 59 67 3 Displacement Response 00E 05 1 Radial in Y 4 00E 05 3 00E 05 2 00E 05 1 00E 05 4 0 00E00 9 60E 05 9 68E 03 1 93E 02 2 89E 02 3 84E 02 4 80E 02 5 76E 02 6 72E 02 7 68E 02 Tirne s 3 Displacement Response 6 00E 04 5 00E 04 4 00E 04 3 00E 04 2 00E 04 1 00E 04 es a 0 00E00 9 68E 03 la 1898402 hE Ld n 2 6 PE 2 po 1 00E 04 2 00E 04 3 00E 04 Time s MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 60 67 3 Bearing Stiffness 2 00E08 1 50E08 1 00E08 5 00E07 0 00E00 9 60E 05 9 68E 03 1 93E 02 2 89E 02 3846 02 4806 02 5766 02 6 72E 02 7 68E 02 Time s 3 Bearing Contact Force 1 00E03 8 00E02 6 00E02 4 00E02 2 00E02 0 00E00 9 60E 05 9 68E 03 1 93E 02 2 89E 02 3846 02 480E 02 5766 02 6 72E 02 7 68E 02 Time s MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 61 67 c FRF from Linear Dynamic Response The outputs of the dynamic linear response are the time response of the model such as displacement velocity and acceleration Depending on the nodal force the resul
48. ne Displacement MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Constraint Insert New il Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel 38 67 After bearing data modification is complete since the modal has now 5 DOF the constraints should be modified accordingly In the nonlinear bearing model the constraint data are same except the number of DOF The definitions are all same as in linear modeling In order to decrease the computation time the user can add some more constraints depending on the applied forces If the applied forces are same in magnitude or only in one direction the user can add constraint to all nodes For instance if there is only one force in radial Y direction radial in Z and slope in XZ plane can be constraint for all nodes since there will not be any change in these directions i 101 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Output C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Constraint Start Node End Node Increment Direction Displacement a i 21 34 4 Axial 0 E BE Delete 2 21 34 d Radial in Y 0 3 21 34 d Radial in Z 0 4 21 34 4 Slope in XZ Plane 0 E Mody 5 3 Slope in XY Plane 0 EI Add New Insert New d
49. ness matrix which can be obtained through the nonlinear static analysis The bearing stiffness is assumed to be constant during the analysis The nodal forces can also be dynamic The preload is no longer necessary for linear dynamic analysis LILI x Axial Modes Common Damping Ratio lor Frequency Damping Ratio iv for Axial Modes 0 1 q z png 655 52 0 1 Common Damping Ratio 1677 68 0 1 iv for Bending Modes fo 03 2031 75 0 1 2978 01 0 1 v Only include modes in the following 412216 01 frequency range in FRF calculation 4635 89 01 From Hz To Hz 4974 52 0 1 ht FARR FA ni zi Bending Modes in X Y Plane Bending Modes in lt 2 Plane Frequency Damping Ratio 580 83 0 03 580 83 704 72 0 03 704 72 0 03 836 09 0 03 836 09 0 03 1399 14 0 03 1399 14 0 03 1441 32 0 03 1441 32 0 03 1731 16 0 03 1731 16 0 03 2172 05 0 03 2172 05 0 03 2529 M7 naa ha 2529 M7 naa ha Frf Frequency Range From 100 Hzto 13990 Hz Number of Steps i 000 Ok After running the Linear Dynamic Response Modal Damping Ratios window appears The modal damping values for axial and bending modes are displayed in this window The user can modify the modal damping values FRF Frequency Range can also be set by the user in this window Nonlinear Dynamic Response It is used to predict the bearing stiffness contact force contact angles displacement velocity and acceleration using nonlinear analysis The user can run the analys
50. osional Damping Ct 1 N m s rad Add Graph to Report ones OK Cancel In Add New Bearing window the user is required to enter the bearing specifications for the spindle design To add a bearing to the model one has to place it between two nodes which have same coordinate e g between a node on spindle and a node on housing A bearing can also be linked to the ground node 0 Y Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers iv Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Inner amp Outer Ring Node No These combo lists display the list of available anchor nodes The program does not allow entering two nodes with different coordinates If a node is defined as 0 the program assumes that the end of bearing is connected rigidly to the ground Note that in such a case no reaction forces will be available at grounded end from Static analysis However it is easy to such reaction forces by multiplying bearing stiffness by its corresponding bearing deflection Inside and Outside Diameter Each of these combo lists displays the possible choices for each diameter Inside Diameter the maximum outside diameter of the elements linked to Inner Ring Node Outside Diameter the minimum inside diameter of the elements linked to Outer Ring Node Length Width of the bearing any value is Ok it s decided automatically by the program and only used for drawing Bearing Stiffness data Stiffness of the bearing in ax
51. r Manual for SpindlePro exe 19 67 Ha Model Properties _ al xj Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve f Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Constraint Start Node End Node Increment Direction Displacement ES 1 21 33 4 Axial i PK Delete 2 21 33 4 Radial 0 3 21 33 4 Twist 0 if 4 21 33 4 Slope i E Modify EJ Add New Insert New Assembly View Options Iv Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers iv Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel 1 5 Defining the Nodal Forces Es Model Properties ann Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing 1 3 Add New Nodal Force E x Nodal Force Data j q ER AddNew Nodal Force WA Node h y Direction axial w Force Moment a N N m Nodal Force Delete i gfi Modify Insert New Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers cmo A Ke 3 Bearings numbers I Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Y Bearings MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 20 67 Nodal forces and moments can be applied at any node as radial load axial load and bending moment and torque Node The node which the force is applied Direction The direction in which the force moment is applied i e Axial force radial force torque
52. r the analysis J lt afzemple NSAsi Browse __ rr The project file for FRF from linear dynamic response is ManualExample FRF LDR spr MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 51 67 d FRF from Nonlinear Dynamic Response The solution parameters are very similar to the ones in nonlinear dynamic response example The user is always recommended to run the nonlinear static analysis and then use the bearing stiffness file as the initial bearing stiffness in nonlinear dynamic analysis The project file for FRF from nonlinear dynamic response is ManualExample FRF NDR spr he outputs are also set by the user The node and the direction are selected for each output 1 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Output C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Dutput Selection Node a xi Output DOF Output Set ie Direction Avil Insert New nl m Assembly View Options V Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers Ey Full Screen Add Graph to Report MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 52 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Output C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Output Selection o Direction a 1 Axial PK Delete
53. re displayed in the software MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 37 67 Material Element Bearing Cons tput C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Bearing Data 7 Bearing Number b Nball B Den y Beating 20 7300 Inner Ring Node No N1 fg z a Pt Delete 18 7800 Outer Ring Node No N2 co oo AE mS Inside Diameter Di 50 so MS ates EI add New Outside Diameter Do 80 mm Ball Diameter Db 5 mm Insert New a Young s Modulus of Balls Eb 2 1E 11 N m2 z Poission Ratio of Balls x 03 PARSONS VIENE IP a Y Elements Young s Modulus of Rings En 1E 11 N m2 Poission Ratio of Rings x Elements numbers 03 iv Nodes numbers 25 Dgree 18 7800 kg m3 OK Cancel OK Cancel The user can also add other bearing to the model by clicking Insert New or double clicking on the data sheet IV Bearings Contact Angle 8 Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report Number of Balls N Density of Balls 5 ii PEPSI A ST E JUI FT ics A we nO ne ant Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Spacer Bearing Ring Control Parameter Output Start Node End Node Displacement 34 4 0 4 Radial 0 1 Twist 0 slope 0 x r Constraint Constraint Number E Start Node End Node Increment Direction Radial in Y Radial in Z Slope in xZ Plane Slope in XY Pla
54. ring Constraint Bearing Data NI Do mm Bearing Number E Inner Ring Node No N1 Py 15 32 50 80 Outer Ring Node No N2 oe gt Inside Diameter Di 60 lim Outside Diameter Do 95 vi mm Ball Diameter Db A mm Young s Modulus of Balls Eb 6 1E 08 uma Poission Ratio of Balls 2 3 05E 09 Young s Modulus of Rings En 1 N m2 Poission Ratio of Rings g 0 05 Contact Angle 8 0 05 Dgree Number of Balls N 0 05 Density of Balls t o kg m3 JEl xj C Linear Bearing Nonlinear Bearing Nball Beating 0 05 0 0 05 0 05 Delete i Modify gi Add New Ai Insert New zi Assembly View Options Y Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers Y Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report ii Contact Angle is the angle between the vertical axis and the contact force line and the sign of the angle is illustrated in the figures below a Positive contact angle b Negative contact angle In the given example the front bearings have positive contact angle and the back bearings have negative contact angle gt MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 36 67 ae Modify Be 21E 11 ung s Modul 21E 11 Si 2 1E 11 E 2 1E 11 Typical bearing data representations for positive and negative contact angles are given in the above Modify Bearing windows The illustrations of the bearings a
55. sis Run for modal analysis for undamped or damped cases FRF Analysis gt A FRF Analysis Calculate the FRF with damping matrix or with modal Linear Dynamic R Beene damping Nonlinear Dynamic Response Results Results Report Noda o ee Report Show project report Reaction Forces numeric Nodal solution numeric Display the nodal solutions for each Axial deflection graphic Radial deflection graphic degree of freedom in a tabulated form TORS ADS SRSA Reaction forces numeric Display the reaction forces and their Slope graphic i i i directions in a tabulated form Natural Frequencies i i i i Undamped Mode Shapes Axial deflection graphic Display the axial deflection results for Natural Frequencies and Damping Ratios static solution ST aphic ally Eee ae Radial deflection graphic Display the radial deflection results for static solution graphically FRF FRF With Modal Damping TS Twist angle graphic Display the twist angle results for static Berna Buttnese solution graphically Bearing Contact Force FRF from Time Response Slope graphic Display the slope results for static solution graphically Natural Frequencies Display the natural frequencies of the spindle design for each degree of freedom Undamped Mode Shapes Display the undamped mode shapes for bending torsional and axial modes in a tabulated form MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 5 67 Natural Frequencies and Damping
56. ter tabstrip the user can set the solution parameters and the initial bearing stiffness for the iteration process MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 48 67 x Solution Parameters Total Number of Time Steps Nstep 15 Output every Nth steps 1 Time Increment DT 1 s Spindle Speed 2500 ram Initial Bearing Stiffness f Using Default C User Defined File Browse mei Total Number of Time Steps Nstep It is the total number of steps used in the solution 1 e total time time increment Output every Nth steps It shows the at which time steps the user wants to display the outputs Time Increment DT It shows the time increment for the analysis It should be at least 5 10 times smaller than the highest frequency mode to be able to capture the data In static case time increment is the time steps at which point the user wants to obtain the results in seconds Spindle Speed The user may also include the speed effect in the analysis by entering the spindle speed in revolution per minute Initial Bearing Stiffness It is the initial bearing stiffness data which is required to start the iteration process The user can define a stiffness matrix file and input 1t using User Defined File or use the default stiffness matrix For nonlinear analysis Nonlinear static and Dynamic analysis user can always use default but for Linear Dynamic analysis user has to define the
57. tionary 79 63 1143 41 78 303 28 E Modi 28 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 78 345 06 29 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 79 63 114 3 41 76 366 64 Add New 30 1 Stainless Steel stationary 09 97 114 3 9 96 428 62 31 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 09 97 114 3 10 430 6 32 1 Stainless Steel Stationary 89 97 114 3 22 32 448 6 Ne Assembly View Options Iv Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers V Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report OK Cancel Note It is recommended that first the shaft with smaller diameter is defined before objects with larger diameter are defined e g first define Spindle then housing Otherwise the plotting of Model View may generate some non critical drawing errors although it does not affect the analysis 1 3 Setting Bearing Properties MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 15 67 Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Bearing P Delete EL Modify N1 N2 Di mm Do mm Wim Bearing Data Bearing Number Inner Ring Node No N1 Outer Ring Node No N2 22 z e CET Inside Diameter Di 60 are mm E Outside Diameter Do 35 7 mm wa Insert New kd Legnth L wmm Assembly View Options Axial Stiffness Ka BITES Nim Radial Stiffness Kr 3 05E3 N m Tosional Stiffness Kt Nm Axial Damping Ca 1 Nisim Radial Damping Cr 1 N s m T
58. ts for linear dynamic response change If the nodal force is an impulse force bearing stiffness bearing contact force and FRF from time response can also be found in the results HER Displacement m D O F Output Set 1 50E 05 1 00E 05 Cursor Zoom Reset 5 00E 06 Add Graph to Report Output to Text File 0 00E00 4 00E 05 5 03E 03 1 00E 02 1 50E 02 2 00E 02 2 50E 02 3 00E 02 3 50E 02 4 00E 02 Time s NA Point Coordinates X Yes el gt MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 62 67 Acceleration Response 2 00E04 1 50E04 1 00E04 5 00E03 0 00E00 pl i 1 Halt AA oe 03E 03 1 00E 02 1 508 ly ued 2 50E 02 3 00E 02 3 50E 02 4 00E 02 5 00E03 1 00E04 1 50E04 Time s Bearing Stiffness 1 50E08 1 00E08 5 00E07 0 00E00 4 00E 05 5 03E 03 1 00E 02 1 50E 02 2 00E 02 2 50E 02 3 00E 02 3 50E 02 4 00E 02 Time s MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 63 67 3 Bearing Contact Force 4 00E02 3 00E02 2 00E02 1 00E02 0 00E00 4 00E 05 5 03E 03 1 00E 02 1 50E 02 2 00E 02 2 50E 02 3 00E 02 3 50E 02 4 00E 02 Time s 3 Frequency Response from Nonlinear Analysis 1 50E 06 1 00E 06 1 Radial in Y 5 00E 07 0 00E00 5 00E 07 1 00E 06 1 50E 06 Frequency HZ rose He Yiee mel gt A ado 474E02 8 29E02 1 18603 1 54603 1 89E03 2 25E03 260E03 2 96E03 00E 07 1 00E 06 1 50E 06 2 00E 06 Frequenc
59. ual for SpindlePro exe 12 67 Material Element Bearing Constraint Nodal Force Disc Sleeve Designation E N m Poisson DiKg m 1 Stainless Steel 2E 10 0 3 2000 1 11 Material Data Material Number Description po Aluminum Mass Young s Modulus E Po 41 Nim Poisson s Ratio 10 0 3 Density 9 Po 2709 Kg m Shear Coefficient k 1 11 Cancel 0 Shearct Th ct 10 Cwm 4 0 Linear Bearing C Nonlinear Bearing Material Assembly View Options iv Elements Elements numbers Y Nodes numbers IV Bearings Bearings numbers E Full Screen Add Graph to Report ii OK Cancel The user is allowed to specify as many materials as desired The materials properties will then be used for the element definitions in the next section 1 2 Defining Elements Material This combo list allows choosing a material from the defined material database Stationary Rotating This combo list allows choosing the state of the elements For example for the elements of the shaft of the spindle rotating elements should be used On the other hand stationary elements should be used for housing In linear analysis the rotation effect is not taken into account Inside Diameter mm Inside diameter of the element Di gt 0 Outside Diameter mm Outside Diameter of the element Do gt Inside Diameter Length mm Length of the element L gt 0
60. y Hz rifes m el gt MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 64 67 d FRF from Nonlinear Dynamic Response The outputs of the nonlinear dynamic response are the bearing stiffness bearing contact force and time response In this example the dynamic force is an impulse force therefore running the nonlinear dynamic response will also output the FRF of the model from nonlinear dynamic response 1 3 Displacement Response i l 1501 x Displacement m D O F Output Set 1 Axial 2 50E 04 2 00E 04 1 50E 04 1 00E 04 00E 05 0 0000 IO V y IFA 5 03E 03 1 00E 02 1 50E ey po 02 ATATA 3 50E 02 4 00E 02 kA E EOS pws Cursor Zoom Reset 5 00E 05 Add Graph to Report Output to Text File Time s FEER Point Coordinates X i el gt 1 00E 04 1 50E 04 MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 65 67 Bearing Stiffness 2 00E08 1 50E08 1 00E08 5 00E07 o 00E00 4 00E 05 5 03E 03 1 00E 02 1 50E 02 2006 02 2506 02 3 00E 02 3 50E 02 4 00E 02 Time s Bearing Stiffness 2 00E08 1 50E08 1 00E08 5 00E07 o 00E00 4 00E 05 5 03E 03 1 00E 02 150E 02 2006 02 2506 02 3 00E 02 3 50E 02 4 00E 02 Time s MAL Inc User Manual for SpindlePro exe 66 67 3 Frequency Response from Nonlinear Analysis 1 50E 06 1 00E 06 1 Radial in Y 5 00E 07 0 00E00 p 5 00E 07 1 00E 06 1 50E 06 Frequency Hz Y esos mel a een

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