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Learning with Etoys: Imagine Invent Inspire (I3)

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1. Halo Icons The colored icons that surround an object allow for manipulation and change to that object Every object has a set of Halo Icons Right click on any thing to reveal its icons Each icon is supplied with a balloon describing its function Halo is also a category in the Quick Guides Menu PickUp Move Trash X E O E L Copy Collapse Viewer Make a tile Rotate g Resize Car 76 Objects can be sent messages and instructions by combining tiles and running them in a Scriptor It is good practice to name scripts as you create them Remove script from A menu of useful com screen mands Object s name A supply of useful tiles Script s name _ e When the script runs Run the script once Test for yes or no Script Tiles Etoys Scripting The Viewer shows categories of properties and instructions for the object represented by the tiles Click the yellow exclamation point to run a particular instruction one time Drag a tile and drop it on the screen to form a script Values of properties such as X Y and heading are also in the Viewer There are many categories of tiles click on a category name such as basic to open a menu of categories Help balloons are available for tiles and icons Object name Remove category pane Search for methods tile Script Run command once _ Script tiles for commands and properties Menu with simple and de tailed watchers and to change the numb
2. This will executes each tile in the script one at a time It forces the user to slow down and look at the results of each step One can use this in combination with reading the code out loud One reads the line that is about to be executed then click the step button Click here to execute the script once Click here 4 times MyBot4 squar 1 I gt paused This will allow them to see what happens when the whole script runs 64 Click here to start stop script 0 Jicking You may want to change the script speed it can open new insights and help visualize what the script is doing To change the speed in of ticks per second or of times the script runs each second simply click on clock in the script and hold the mouse down p Jomi E MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBot4 turn by 5 A pop up will appear and you can select your speed MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBotd turn by 5 65 When a child asks a question What would happen if changed the turn from 5 to 360 I m stuck what should do or what should change If change the turn to 90 will that work I m stuck here what should do 66 Questions for reflection 1 2 3 4 5 6 Find one or more people who created a script to draw a Square that did it differently from you 1 What was different 2 What was the same Look at the scripts you used to create a Square
3. named string of lights The Paint Tools are also used to paint a set of small dots to represent the lights of homes named homes 26 The string of lights on the bridge has the script below to make them travel x andy are tiles in the Basic category Drag both tiles and put them in one script Click the small black arrow in each tile to open a menu of options that includes increase by Experiment with the numbers that make your drawing move at the best angle for your project s photograph Name the script Open the Tests Category for the string of lights and put a test in your script This project uses the x location to control when the car lights stop moving They stop when x is greater than 1165 Open the homes viewer to find the homes show tile This tile is located in the miscellaneous category strings of lights s x increase by 24 strings of lights s y increase by 48 gt Test strings of lights s x gt 1165 strings of lights stop script travel homes show No The lights of the homes Hide and Show tiles are in the same script for the car s lights There is no need for a separate script The reset script will position the car s string of lights at a starting location that uses the x and y tiles The reset script also is used to hide the home s lights Since this project now has two scripts you should name each script to indicate what they control In this case travel and reset yf light re
4. Imagine a fraction Does it raise the hair on the back of your neck Visualizing fractions makes them easier to understand Invent visualizations of fractions and Inspire others to understand fractions more deeply 1 e f 3 4 Enter any number into the numerators and denominators of the fractions above to see the visualization of addition Keep sum of the fractions less than 1 Why Open a Viewer on the sector to drag out my script Try to understand it Compare my method to yours If you have a group of students discuss each other s approaches In this project we use text sector viewer Sector s angle Sector s radius Text s numeric value variable The Project Begin by downloading the project from http etoysillinois org library sl 2143 70 The focus of this project is visualizing fractions The sector object allows creation of a slice of pie that represents any fraction of the pie desired On page 2 of the book you click the sector tool at the upper left to create a slice of pie Then check the sector category in the sector s viewer to change the angle and radius of the slice see help at the upper left to review the Viewer under Halo After visualizing fractions with the sector tool students move on to page 3 for the invention part of the project They should create fractions using the text tool from the supplies bin They may just write the fractions in a single text box but they will realize later
5. and Contributors Copyright c 2010 2012 Squeak Community Contributors Permission is hereby granted free of charge to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files the Software to deal in the Software without restriction including without limitation the nights to use copy modify merge publish distribute sublicense and or sell copies of the Software and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do 0 subject to the following conditions The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EXPRESS OF IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT l NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT TORT OF OTHERWISE ARISING FROM OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OF OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE You may obtain a copy of the Apache License at hitpsiwww apache orgflicenses LICENSE 2 0 PA E E Copyright c 1996 Apple Computer Inc All Rights Reserved a For additional help to download the software you may go to the Etoys Reference Manual at http www gosargon com EtoysReferenceManualV0 8 pdf The information starts on page 10
6. buttons test Start Script Stop Script turn by color sees Project Begin by downloading the project from http etoysillinois org library sl 2141 Ratios are important in studying gears The teeth of one gear fit into the teeth of another gear When one gear turns the other gear turns as well Your students can explore what happens when the gears have different numbers of teeth Ratios are often used to make comparisons 29 To start they should 1 click on the purple Gears flap at the bottom of the project to open it 2 click on any gear and drag it into the yellow Gear Test Area then click again to droo it into the yellow Gear Test Area 3 repeat for a second gear 4 put a tooth on one gear into a space between teeth on the other gear 5 count the teeth in each gear and record in their notebook To change the speed of the gears they click on the Gear Speed number at the upper right of the Gear Test Area It will be highlighted in darker green Then type the new speed and press enter You can also use the up and down arrows to change the gear speed Have students set up a ratio to compare the number of teeth on the smaller gear to the number on the larger gear Then they should record the ratio in their notebook predict which gear will move faster record their prediction explain why they think this click start and count how many times the smaller gear turns when the other gear turns one complete turn click s
7. Contrast Illusion script paused E Rectangle1 s x increase by 41 gt script paused E WT Rectangle2 s x increase by 1 gt In this project we use supplies bin rectangle coloring writing a script increase by heading composting tiles Project In this project we use ready made Etoys objects which you can find in the supplies bin change their color and write a script to move them So let s start with the supplies 11 How to use the Supplies Bin First find the Supplies icon on the Navigation Bar and click it This will open the Supplies bin which provides you with a variety of ready made objects to use in your projects Also there is the Object Catalog in the Supplies which you can drag out to find many more objects to use For this project we ll use the rectangle which you can find directly in the Supplies Drag it out on your screen a x O0O0 0 E GB Rectangle amp llipse Star Book Holder Joystick Playfield g concoct aD utom TER Text z aa poss Srna E Object Catalog All Scripts Players Trash Text Sound Recorde Flap Button Slider Grab patch Lasso We want to change the color of the rectangle to be a neutral gray How to use the rectangle To change the color of your rectangle bring up the halo of the rectangle You might notice that you get a purple icon here It is only available for certain objects and can be used to change the co
8. Inspiration Have your students 1 think of some other uses of ratios ratios are used by engineers and scientists 2 look in their text books or on the Internet for ratio applications 3 best of all think of some applications where they their family or friends find ratios useful 4 think up an idea for an application of gears 5 search the Internet for information about their idea someone may have thought of it 6 make a presentation to the class using their data observations ideas and thoughts 31 Geoboards and Puzzling Polygons Imagine kids constructing their own games not just for themselves but for others Invent different shapes and use them to create puzzles Inspire yourself to come up with new ways to engage with computer generated geometric puzzles a nas L J paa we Se a bon e Hay In this project we use Polygon Gridded Playfield color transparency alpha Halo color icon w transparency The Project A Construct a Playfield with Gridding B Create various shapes using an Etoys Polygon C Use the Playfield and Polygons to build games and lessons To begin this project Open Etoys and click on the cloud that says Make a Project A Construct a Playfield with Gridding 32 1 Get a playfield from the Supplies C mDpdD amp n f Text Object Catalog All Scripts Players Trash Text Sound Recorder Rectangle Ellipse Star Book Hold
9. User Information Help The Etoys Quick Start Guide below shows the names of many commonly used objects and tools 74 yr moys r Quick Start Guide Every thing is an object Authoring is always on Sketch A source of tools oe Any painted ob to move be Pa ject before it is tween projects pi named is a to publish and _ Sketch to paint pa i Pe A It is good prac Supplies con 2 tice to name tains an assort oe a sketches after ment of objects Tsu tamam st comer painting and and tools pe ESEE keeping them Car Para y i Tarma far beeen he Project A project is the hyper document in Etoys Projects are created published saved and projects are shared and exchanged In word processing we create documents in Etoys projects are created that can be published and opened again Navigator Bar Help Languages Project Name Full Screen Toggle Previous Project Find Projects Next Project Publish Paint Tools Quit Supplies Hide Navigator Bar Using the Help button on the left of the navigation bar you can access the Quick Guides 75 Etoys Help The Quick Guides introduce seventy six common Etoys tools tiles menus commands and techniques Each four page book is interactive and invites experimentation T Etoys Quick Guides j Co M TO S Halo Handles d Supplies p fi E The Quick Guides will further explain all of the topics below
10. and to create a Rectangle and identify 1 What is different 2 What is the same 3 For those things that are different does that difference matter How does it matter Look at the chart you filled in Shape Sides Vertices Angle aka turn by and lt Sides lt Angle gt What patterns do you see Look at all your scripts and after identifying what s different that matters can you create One Script to Rule them all In other words can you create one script that creates all the shapes 1 Hint1 Use a variable 2 Hint2 Look at the patterns you noticed in your completed chart square paused amp E MyBot4 turn by 90 MyBot4 forward by 100 gt Look at the following square i paused MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBot4 turn by 90 1 What s the same 2 What s different 3 Do the differences matter Look at the following square b paused E MyBot4 turn by 90 MyBot4 forwa rd by 100 MyBot4 forward by 100 gt MyBot4 turn by 90 MyBot4 turn by 490 MyBot4 forwa rd by 100 MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBot4 turn by 90 MyBot4 turn by 490 MyBot4 forward by 4100 gt MyBot4 forward by 4100 MyBot4 turn by 90 MyBot4 turn by 90 MyBot4 forwa rd by 100 MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBot4 turn by 90 1 What s the same 2 What s different 3 Doe
11. filled the manual with a huge amount of valuable written and graphical material However we didn t completely finish both the content and the organization So we were elated about our selection to come to the doc sprint at Google Now that we have participated in writing a book Learning with Etoys Imagine Invent Inspire we see the value of being in the same physical space Google provided a fantastic physical space Adam Hyde from booki Floss Manuals was brilliant in focusing the participants on the process and monitoring our project Allen Gunn directed an sizzling unconference where we wrote up topics we thought were needed to be successful in the doc sprint and magically organized breakout sessions for the afternoon fun fun fun Thank you to Carol Smith for the great organization The total experience was great In the photograph from left to right Stephen Thomas Kathleen Smith Rita Freudenberg Avigail Snir Randall Caton and Kathleen Harness 83 84 Made with Booki Visit http software booki cc
12. that to program they must really have two text boxes one for the numerator and one for the denominator On page 4 the students are asked to create a script that shows a visualization for any fraction they enter into a numerator and denominator of the fractions shown There are many ways to do this They should work on page 5 There is a solution on page 6 but don t have your students look until they have made a good attempt They may struggle with this but they will be learning On page 6 there is one solution to the task Enter any numbers into the numerator and denominator of the fraction to see its visualization Keep the fraction less than 1 Why Discuss with them why the fraction must be less than 1 The maximum fraction the sector object can visualize is the whole circle and that represents 1 After students have written their own scripts they should compare them Finally your students should open a Viewer on the sector object and drag out my script Have your students group and try to understand my solution Then they should compare their solutions with mine Se ctor s angle 360 numerator s numeric value denominator s numeric value o NOTES The numerator and denominator are text objects They can have variables of type numeric The script gets the numerator and denominator needed to create a fraction The fraction of 360 degrees value 1 for the whole of the pie is visualized by the sector object The sector is a
13. visualization of the fraction Now pages 7 and 8 have your learners create a script to show a visualization of adding two fractions Work in groups Listening to and learning from each others views is a valuable skill They should be reminded of this as they work After a fair attempt they can look at my solution on page 9 71 On page 9 students should enter any number into the numerators and denominators of the fractions for a the visualization of addition They should keep sum of the fractions less than 1 Why Again discuss this point with your learners Again you should have your students open Viewers to analyze my scripts Have your students group and try to understand my solution Then they should compare their solutions with mine More Inspiration Write scripts to visualize mixed fractions that are greater than 1 Write scripts to visualize subtraction multiplication and division 72 APPENDIX 73 Getting Help To begin using Etoys you will need to go to http squeakland org and download the software If your school does not allow a direct download to the machines there is an option to download Etoys to Go and have it on a USB drive It is a free and open source application A copy of the license to use the software is provided below for you to show the technology person in your school Licensed under the MIT License with paris under the Apache License Copyright 1996 2009 Viewpoints Research Institute
14. want to do now over and over again is rotate the left track the opposite direction but same amount as the right track To change the angle of an object in Etoys we can change its heading 15 How to use heading Open the viewer for one of the tracks In the basic category youcan see the tile with the heading set to 0 by default Go and change that number in the viewer and see what happens to your object Try setting the heading to 90 and watch your object You can also do it the other way around Turn around your object and watch the number in the heading tile Drag the blue spiral on the halo around to turn the track around This will give you an idea what heading means T Did you discover that the number for heading is in degrees As you can see from the explanation above the direction of one track depends on the direction of the other Here we need to composite an assignment using tiles from more than one object B track2 s heading How to composite tiles Open a viewer for all the objects you need tiles from For our example we need the viewer for track1 and track2 We want the heading for track1 being always the opposite angle of track2 Start assembling the script by dragging the track1 s heading tile onto the Etoys world Now instead of setting the heading to zero you want to set the heading to track2 s heading In order to do this go to the viewer for track2 and drag out a tile with track2 s heading No
15. you to create visualizations for other events for which we know the probability of change This type of event could include dice throwing events simulations of infection disease spread and other questions of chance such as the probability of pulling a pair of matching socks out of a drawer Here is a project that uses a holder and a random number generator to simulate a Number Cube throw and added games Coins and Dice Games http etoysillinois org library sl 1531 Here is a project to illustrate and solve a probability question Tale of Two Sons http etoysillinois org library sl 19 52 amp viewProject 52 Decorate your Tree Another Way to Animate Exercise your aesthetic sense Imagine decorating a tree and even designing your own animated decorations You can start by picking existing ornaments to decorate a tree Next Invent your own animated ornaments Finally Inspire your friends to create their own ornaments Look at others scripts and work together to improve your ornaments and create new ones i CZJ dq D u oM w w B Click the flag above for German and Spanish Here is my tree Go to the next page to learn how to decorate your own In this project we use text book flap object catalog test color border color color sees color forward by turn by arithmetic random animation paint tool 53 Project Begin by downloading the project from http etoysillinois org library sl 2140 The project can b
16. 8 where they will find the following the directions Take tiles from the holder on the right and drop them into the Script Editor at the left to make the bee move like it did on pages 3 and 4 You may need more than one tile in some cases There are several ways that work Find as many as you can Check out Script Tiles in help at the upper left Enable pen trails to better see the path of the bee NewBee s x NewBee s v NewBee st Mle More Inspirations Next your learners should create another script to make the bee follow their plot line They can think out of the pink box above Give them an opportunity to explore each others scripts suggest improvements and provide inspiration Let them imagine invent and bee inspired from the task above to create new scripts to fly the bee differently 44 Animation Workout This project shows one way to animate and object in Etoys Imagine you would like to teach a stick figure to do a jumping jack You will Invent a sequence of images to create the illusion of movement This may Inspire you to create an entire workout routine Come i Cn Holders cursor increase by 2 Sam book like Holder s player at cursor In this project we use A set of painted objects Holder Holder s cursor Holder s player at cursor create a composite tile object look like dot Project The animation effect is created by iterating through a collection of images The first ima
17. A cycle has parts that go round and round and repeat themselves Did they come up with that If any of your groups came up with water cycle they are good Have them look at the drawing and write down things that are actions involving water They can go to page 4 if they are stuck where they will find that water forming clouds is a water action Ask them to find more water actions and record their answer Water forms clouds when it evaporates from bodies of water When the clouds produce rain or snow the water is returned That s part of the water cycle Have the learners discuss how the actions they identified are part of the water cycle Here are some of the parts of the water cycle evaporation condensation precipitation runoff infiltration ground water flow evapotranspiration snow and ground water storage It is a good exercise for learners to look up names they don t know How many of these did your students identify 58 Evaporation occurs when hotter molecules near the water s surface gain enough energy to break free from the liquid and enter the air as water vapor Heat provides the energy needed The dots represent water vapor but they are way too big You can t see water vapor in the air Have your students play with the script on page 7 to view the animation and understand how the script works so they can invent their own and develop an even deeper understanding of the water cycle HEAT They should try an animatio
18. Etoys projects Today s learners need this kind of experience to be prepared for the future Etoys is supported by a large group of volunteers from all around the globe If you would like to volunteer or would like to reach one of the current volunteers there are two websites you can visit http www squeakland org resources community which contains links to Etoys groups around the globe and lt htto www squeakland org contact where you can join the Etoys user mailing list Please do join us How to Use this Book This book is designed to lead the teacher on a learning path to Etoys To begin you will need to go to http squeakland org and download Etoys If you need help in downloading the software you can find further directions in the chapter tited Getting Help When you open Etoys you will see the following window 1 860 0 oys Home Brome I lt gt MAKE A PROJECT Test Carilicolor sees color Yes No Carturn by 160 random 440 J o Car forward by 5 gt Car turn byl Car bounce silence This book s chapters are arranged in a sequential way so that the Etoys knowledge needed builds from one chapter to the next Idea tools tiles and techniques used in each chapter are listed at the beginning of the chapter If when looking through a chapter you find things listed that are not explained in that chapter you should look back over previous chapters to find when they were first introduced A
19. Learning with Etoys Imagine Invent Inspire Published 2012 12 14 License GPLv2 Table of Contents Learning With Etoys 1 Dedication Introduction Camouflage Illusions Inspired by Calder s Mobiles Inventing Poetry in Motion Ratios Geoboards and Puzzling Polygons Motion Follow the Bee Animation Workout Tossing The Coin Decorate your Tree Another Way to Animate Water Cycle Training Your Robot Fractions O oN On AU N e e e e a e va Aa Ww N me O Appendix 16 Getting Help 17 Quick Tips 18 Book Sprint Experience 11 19 24 29 32 42 45 49 57 60 70 74 79 83 LEARNING WITH ETOYS Dedication We would like to dedicate this book to those who started Etoys on the way to being an exciting and stimulating environment where children of all ages can create Alan Kay Scott Wallace Dan Ingalls Ted Kaehler John Maloney Andreas Raab We would like to thank Viewpoints Research Institute and the Office of Math Science and Technology Education MST E at the University of Illinois Urbana Champaign for their support of Etoys We would like to thank Google and Flossmanuals for making it possible for our group to meet and create this book Our deepest thanks goes to our community of developers translaters educators supporters and teachers who are the lifeblood of the ongoing journey of Etoys Introduction Etoys is a tile based programming environment for children that was built on Squeak by a te
20. am headed by Alan Kay The child friendly design of the interface was influenced by the education theorist Seymour Papert who many consider the driving force behind the use of computers in education If you can use a mouse you can use Etoys A vision of Alan Kay and Seymour Papert is that all students should have the Opportunity to imagine the future by exploring with the computer today In many parts of the world that is now a reality Their vision took on a global perspective in 2006 when Etoys was included on the XO machines in the OLPC project that now number over 2 4 million around the world All school children should have the opportunity to engage with computers in the most meaningful way Learning to think and using the computer to discover and work with powerful ideas is the knowledge of true value The community of Etoys users is working toward the dream of having all students become computer literate This book only covers a small portion of those items As you and your Students learn some of the basic techniques you will find more and more uses for them The process of learning Etoys is just that a process the learning is on going even though projects are begun and finished Students will enjoy becoming experts and sharing their knowledge with others in the classroom Imagine this A group of learners want to visualize what they Imagine so they go to Etoys to Invent their dreams and Inspire each other by building on their various
21. arners should click on the bee to start it moving and click on the green background below the text to pause the bee Next they should change the velocity in the bee s v watcher to explore different velocities They should try negative ones By using the two watchers on this page challenge them to get the bee back when she gets to the edge On page 4 they should record the data time position in and two column chart as the bee moves across the page They should not change the velocity They again click the bee to start and click the green below the text to pause and record data click the bee to continue Each pair of data points should be a time from the Bee4 s t watcher and the position from Bee4 s x watcher They should record at least 10 points To start over and record new data set the time and position to zero On page 5 students will plot their data Once they have completed the plot you should put them in small groups to discuss the following questions 1 What should your horizontal and vertical axes represent to get all of your data points on the graph 43 2 Describe the pattern of the data plotted on the graph 3 What is special about the pattern of the data plotted on your graph 4 Why do you think the data have the pattern you observed Here is where your students invent Have them create a script to have the bee move similar to the way she moved on pages 3 and 4 To get them started have them go to page
22. can do so by opening Etoys and clicking on the lilac cloud that says Make a new project Now you have the whole Etoys world at your disposal Let s start with painting some grass and then a grasshopper using the same shade of green for both How to paint To paint objects in Etoys there is the painting tool in the navigation bar at the top of your window Click on the icon shown above and you will get a new sheet of paper and the tools to paint on it a wat Every time you click on the icon you will open a new sheet and start a new painting You need to make two paintings here one for the grasshopper and one for the grass Make sure you quit the painting tool when you finish a drawing You can find out how to use all the elements of the painting tool in the Etoys Quick Guides Paint Tools and get an overview in the Getting Help chapter of this book The drawings you made are in fact objects you can pick up and move around They will be called sketch until you give it another name How to bring up the Halo and namea sketch To give your drawing another name you need to bring up the Halo for this object You can do this by right clicking on this object cmd click on a Mac Now you see a number of colored icons around the object and the name of the object on the bottom Click on sketch and type the name you want Grasshopper Now put the grasshopper in the grass and youcan see right away why its g
23. com user sthomastt feature mhee Etoys Users Manual http www gosargon com EtoysReferenceM anualV0 8 pdf This is a 108 page pdf file of the full user s manual 78 Quick Tips Loading Saving Quitting When you open Etoys three clouds suggest places to start Gallery of Projects will take you to a selection of twenty two projects that you can view and explore to learn some of the many things youcan do with Etoys Tutorials and Demos will take you to three projects that will help you get started with learning Etoys Make a Project will bring you to a blank Etoys project page where you can create and manipulate your own objects Loading To load an existing project into your Etoys application click the find icon in the navigation bar If youclick and hold the mouse button for several seconds there will be a menu with more options for loading projects These options differ in the places where you will look for the project and in the kind of files you can open The first option find a project is the same that happens if you just click on the icon It will open the default Etoys folder on your computer or the folder on your USB drive if you are using Etoys T 0 Go to load your project Here you can also choose My Squeakland and Squeakland Showcase to open a project directly from the Squeakland website Keep in mind that you need internet access to do this The second option find a project more places lets you
24. d grow scripts This example uses a test statement to cause one script to work if the mobile is under the mouse and if it is not under the mouse the other script will be ticking The test is found in the Test category in the Viewer There are no Quick Guides for the Scripting tiles but they are useful for this project and many other projects In the Scripting category find tiles with start and pause The tile ends with the words empty script but if you have been naming your scripts as you created them clicking on the words empty script will opena menu that lists all of your scripts by name The finished script looks like this Name this script too mobile motion Ib normal B Test mobile sis under mouse mobile start script grow es mobile pause script 4shrink mobile start script 4shrink mobile pause script grow The last script for this project is one that controls when the motion script starts Click on the white menu in the top of the motion script and choose button to fire a script Make the new button look like your Reset button and change its label using its white menu Now let s give the project a title Open Supplies in the Navigator Bar and drag out a copy of the Text Text is a box that you type into and fill with the information or directions for your project Just like in word documents the text s font color and style can be changed There are three special icons in the Halo for Text pale g
25. d so far in your Etoys folder Select the one you want and click Ok The new project will open in Etoys To get back to the previous project use the white arrows in the navigator bar For more information about loading and saving from different locations etc look at the Quick Guides Navigator Bar Keep Find Projects More Inspiration If a creature like a grasshopper lived in a desert environment what color would you expect it to be Can youcreate a project for that With the things you learned in this chapter you can do many wonderful paintings with moving objects in it Or you can Create a puzzle as you can see here in Avigail Snir s projects for students from 1st grade and up http etoysillinois org library sl 760 10 Illusions Can you Imagine that what you see is not what is there Illusions furnish many examples of the world is not as it seems and many of them are quite startling when done dynamically When we look at a scene we think we are seeing the lights and shades and colors accurately but in fact both our lower level and higher level mental mechanisms are reformulating what our retina senses For example the apparent brightness of a gray tone is quite conditioned by the brightness of the background around it We can show this both statically and dynamically Invent some illusions using the computer in this chapter and let them Inspire you to challenge your senses in different ways TT ee LJ
26. der in Supplies 2 Paint an object a small blue spot will do name it coin 3 Paint an object that will later change its look to mirror those of the images in the holder A simple colored spot will do Give this spot the name of the object it is going to mirror e g coin 4 Open the spot s coin s viewer and open its graphics category To do that hold down the cursor on the word basic in the viewer and then move down the list and click to select graphics from the names that appear 5 Drag the tile coin look like dot out of the viewer and drop it A Script Editor will open 6 Open the holder s viewer 7 Select the collections category see 4 above and find the tile holder s player at cursor Drag and drop it to replace the box in the script where the word dot is A green frame around the word dot will let you know you are in the right place By doing this you have just told the spot of color coin to look like the image in the holder where the cursor is currently located This will be the image in the boxed frame 8 In the Holder s viewer drag the tile by its white assignment arrow and drop in into the script To simulate a tossing randomly assign the holder s cursor a number from the group 1 2 by using random 2 function You can find information about the use of the random function in the Quick Guides under Scripting Tiles Name the script CoinToss1 50 The script for a coin toss wil
27. drop it in an empty part of the window The new box around the tile is called a Script Editor The tile shows us how wide the mobile is but we can make the size change by clicking on the small black arrow to open a menu of options increase by decrease by multiply by Choose decrease by rename the script and experiment with the number to see how different numbers work Click the exclamation mark to run the script one time Use the same set of steps to make a script that increases the width Give each script a meaningful name You will have two scripts that look like these but you might have different numbers The green circle with the clock is a button that starts and stops the script Now let s make a reset script Drag out the width tile and the length tile and put them in one script Remember what your mobile looked like before you started experimenting with it and adjust the width and length in the tiles to resize it When it looks right change the name of the script to Reset 21 One last thing to do with the reset script is to select its white Menu option button to fire a script The little button is smaller but does the same work as the script It will look like this small aqua one but youcan change the size the label and the letter style Experiment with the options in the button s white menu My finished button looks like this big orange one The next step is to make a script that will start and stop the shrink an
28. e Calder s mobiles We will use many of the Halo Handles useful tools Click on the small aqua color dot that looks like an eye to open a set of script tiles in a new pane mobile make sound croak mobile forward by 5 mobile turn by 5 gt BS mobile s x Gess7 B mobile s y e523 9 S mobile s heading Gio Test Yes No mobile s Mcolor sees Mcolor mobile s is over color color S mobile sis under mouse false E mobile s obtrudes false g mobile s overlaps dot mobile mobile s overlaps any dot Change the name of your sketch to mobile Look in the new pane the Viewer and you will see all the tiles for the sketch you just named are now called mobile We can make the mobile s dimensions change to make it look like it moves in space The first script will make the mobile shrink the second one will make it grow Click on Basic and select the More Geometry category 20 d soul category scripts 1 mobile forward by variables i basic i mobile turn by 5 geometry BE mobile s more geometry pen use B mobile s tests motion A Es fill amp border scripting sound E mobile slocation observation eae drag amp drop mobile slength miscellaneous E mobile s width graphics graphing B mobile s theta input E mobile s distance SEEEN Senisi E mobile s heading theta C930 B mobile s rotation center x C5617 B mobile s rotation center yE 43 7 Drag out the width tile and
29. e used in classrooms with English Spanish and German speaking students If you are teaching a foreign language you can use this project because you can easily change between languages Click the flag near the middle of the navigation bar at the top for a drop down menu to change languages Learners should look at the already decorated tree on the first page and imagine how they would decorate their tree Send them to the next page to learn how to decorate your own The existing ornaments are in the Decorations flap at the bottom of the project Click on the flap to open it Click on an ornament and it will stick to the cursor Drag the ornament to the desired position and click to let it go New ornaments can be drawn using the Paint Tools If the newly created ornaments are dropped into the open Decorations flap then duplicates can be dragged out as needed A flap is closed by clicking the flap To re size the Decoration bin drag the flap up or down It s time to imagine and decorate the tree on page 4 or draw your own tree on page 5 to decorate As an aside your students might want to create their own flaps it s fun Drag an Object Catalog out of the Supplies x alphabetic find categories s OE Curve Ellipse Joystick Particles a O Playfield Polygon Rectangle RoundRect Scrolling Text Slider Text Text Trash 54 The Object Catalog has a lot of fun things to explore in addition to creating flaps Each of the butt
30. er Cornu 8 Q Joystick Playfield Flap Polygon Slider Grab patch Lasso 2 From the white menu icon in the Playfield Halo select lt playfield options gt xX Playfield send to back bring to front embed fill style 4 border style drop shadow O resist being deleted m resist being picked up O be locked m provide clipping O direction arrow m accept drops round corners siblings extras p pen trail Z playfield options 33 From the playfield options menu check lt grid visible when gridding gt and lt use gridding gt X playfield options O auto line layout O auto phrase expansion O automatic viewing O be id visible when gridding O mouse over halos O origin at center O parts bin O resize to fit how thumbnails lt M use gridding gt round up strays shuffle contents set grid spacing set thumbnail height make detachable use standard texture make graph paper show viewers of all players remove viewers of all players 6 Click on lt set grid spacing gt to specify the lt grid origin gt and lt grid g gt spacin set grid spacing 7 The first dialog box allows you to specify the location of the X playfield options O auto line layout O auto phrase expansion O automatic viewing O behave like a holder m fence enabled m grid visible when gridding O indicate cursor O mouse over halo
31. er artists you are inventing a world where your ideas rule Writing a Haiku takes a little specialized knowledge that you will need to think about before writing a poem You could use a poem written by someone else just be sure to give them credit as the author The project shown uses a digital image from the internet and the photographer s name is part of the project Knowing how to find images on the internet and how to invent an object that connects the poem and the image is part of the fun of this project One of the special features in Haiku is that the words match the image created If you have never written a Haiku here is some basic information Haiku in English is a development of the Japanese haiku poetic form in the English language Contemporary haiku are written in many languages It is impossible to single out any current style format or subject matter as definitive Some of the more common practices in English include Use of three lines of up to 17 syllables Use of a season word kigo Use of a cut or kire sometimes indicated by a punctuation mark to compare two images implicitly You can read more about it here http en wikipedia org wiki Haiku_in_English The poem in this project is San Francisco bridge strides across the bay tonight strings of lights head home 25 Once your poem is finished and edited to look the way you want the next step is to select a Digital Image Use a photograph you took o
32. er of deci mal places Supplies and Tools Add a category pane Menu TN Create a variable Ticking clock state __ Drag from white arrow to obtain an assignment phrase Click the Supplies box in the Navigator Bar to open this flap of objects and tools ot os Bern Object Catalog All Scripts Players Trash Text Sound Recorder Rectangle Ellipse Star Book Holder E mem BF OQ Joystick Playfield Flap Button Slider Grab patch Lasso 71 Object Catalog ready to use objects Paint tools brushes erasers palette alphabetic find categories 7 Just for Fun Mukimacia Scripting Tools Curve Ellipse joystick Particles A LF Playfield Polygon Rectangle C E 5 RoundRect Scrolling Text Slider Text Text Trash KH January 2011 Additional Resources Squeakland http squeakland org This is the home site for Etoys There is a link to download the software at the top of the page Etoys Illinois http etoysillinois org Here you will find sample projects done by students and links to many resources You may want to spend sometime making yourself familiar with all this site has to offer Explore and Learn http www pcs cnu edu rcaton squeak html Here you will find projects created by Randy Caton for grades k 14 How to Videos http www youtube com playlist list PLFDD4D8876FC2E6FC Here you will find 18 short videos on common topics Minute with Mr Steve https www youtube
33. etry and build knowledge about how to program a robot This will Inspire them to use their programed robots to create String art B Draw a Square by clicking onthe icons in the box and changing the numbers in the scripting tiles l MyBot4 forward by 100 l MyBot4 turn by lt 5 MyBot4 reset In this project we use Scripting forward by turn by repeat Optional Pen Size Pen Color Optional Paint Tiles look like Playfield s pen trail graphic Quick Guides Script Tiles gt Playfield Trail The Project Kids programming Kids and parents 60 The following activity can be done having kids program each other and or having them program their parents or teacher An example of how to do this can be found http drtechniko com 2012 04 09 how to train your robot Below is a sample worksheet E DElecuniio fl Q y ROBOT LANGUAGE DICTIONARY De kid name LEFT RIGHT LEG FORWARD fo of LEG BACKWARD e p BODY ROTATE ve ow empty space for inyenting new GRAB 4 commands DROP T TALK BIT BOT Try this with the kids having them program each other to e walk a square e walk a rectangle 61 e go from one part of the room to another and pick up something Notes and observations on how this worked can be found at http mrstevesscience blogspot com 2012 05 how to train your robot html which contains a video of Seymour Papert using this technique wi
34. finishes early 4 The green triangles 4 allow you to create new vertices 5 Play around by moving the vertices C or click and drag to move the vertices 6 Try to create a square 7 Can youcreate a rectangle What other shapes can you make 8 Now try creating a square by picking up the polygon and placing it inside a Gridded Playfield Is it easier to make a Square 9 Try to create a triangle Notice what happens when you position one vertice almost exactly on top of another 10 Click to open the white menu icon in the Polygon s halo Uncheck closed and see what happens X Polygon13 send to back bring to front embed fill style border style 4 drop shadow i O resist being deleted O resist being picked up O be locked O provide clipping O direction arrow LI accept drops siblings O closec ve C Use the Playfield and Polygons you created to build games and lessons 37 This section will describe how you can use the Playfields and Polygons to 1 Build your own Geoboard 2 Build puzzles Build your own Geoboard By placing your Polygons on a Gridded Playfield you have virtual Geoboard for exploring ideas about area and permiter All you need to do is make your polygons transparent This can be done by clicking on the Halo s change color icon 4f then changing the transparency as shown below lt x Cl eeen el 38 You can also change the transparency us
35. ge is the opening state of the movement and each one in the sequence is a step closer to the final state The rapid movement from one image to the next creates the desired illusion of movement Instructions Open Etoys and click on the cloud that says Make a Project 45 1 Create the set of images you need for the change you wish to illustrate Images can be painted imported or a combination of the two Important when painting make each of the images a different object using a different paint window Also the objects in the supply bin do not work for this purpose so do not use them 2 Drag a Holder from Supplies and then drag and drop your images into the holder in the order you wish them to appear ARK 3 Paint a new object that will later change to look like those in the holder A simple colored spot will do Rename this spot to be more descriptive and meaningful to you so that when you look at the scripts you know what they are referring to In this example used Sam which is better than Sketch4 4 Open the spot s Sam s viewer and open its graphics category To do that hold down the cursor on the word basic in the viewer and then move down the list and click to select graphics from the names that appear 5 Drag the tile Sam look like dot out of the viewer and drop it A scriptor will open 6 Open the holder s viewer 46 7 Select the viewer s collections category see 4 above and fi
36. increase by decrease by multiply by Rectangle1 x The value in the tile means how many pixels the rectangle s x will increase in each run of the script Choose 1 to let it move slowly You can change the value by clicking on it and typing in the number you want Start the script and watch how the rectangle moves over from the black to the white side and finally reaches the other gray rectangle You ll see that it has indeed the same color Now let s do another kind of illusion The basic idea is that the same sized object placed on a picture of railroad tracks will look larger when placed higher where the tracks appear narrower The mental calculation is that things of a certain visual angle in a context that whispers farther away are perceived to be larger Here are two rectangles placed on a picture of railroad tracks 14 We can make a dynamic version of this illusion in Etoys and also learn something about angles negative numbers and how much convergence is required to manifest the illusion Get a rectangle out of the supplies and color it Give it roughly the shape as you can see in the picture of the railroad tracks Copy it because we need two rectangles with exactly the same size and shape Now we need to create the tracks Get another rectangle from the supplies Make it tall and skinny using the yellow halo icon and then copy it Arrange the rectangles as seen in the picture below What we
37. ind here http www scientificpsychic com graphics Now that you know how to composite tiles try the Steering The Car project from the Etoys gallery of projects 18 Inspired by Calder s Mobiles Imagine Art in motion It can be found in dance in music and in sculptures that are affected by machines or wind or touch Alexander Calder created many mobiles some were suspended and some that were anchored to the ground The shapes in a mobile are suspended from wire In this project students Invent mobiles by painting shapes that appear to be suspended from wire and using script commands make the mobile move when it is touched Calder may Inspire them to be first computer mobilest Fi ph ins ders higbal j A a i 7 T L LELI wb OR Alexander Calder s Art of the Mobile In this project we use Paint Tools Halo Handles Text Width Length T ests Category Normal Ticking Button Fires a Script The project also uses the Scripting category of tiles and they will be explained in the lesson The Project http etoysillinois org library sl 2137 19 To begin open Etoys and click on the cloud that says Make a Project Be inventive use the Paint Tools to be an artist and paint shapes with your favorite colors Be sure to make them look like they hang from a wire eee 4 To quit the paint tool when you finish drawing click on Keep Now let s make this painting move lik
38. ing the alpha tile in the color category of the Polygon viewer 5 Polygons E Polygons sy More Inspiration Using these two simple tools polygon and gridded playfield you Can Build your own puzzles Pentominoes 39 Create your own Broken Glass Puzzles Sample Broken Glass projects can be found at http etoysillinois org library tags Broken 20Glass see project images below Aalyvia s Pretty Broken Alese and Raven s Alondra and Wyatt s Glass Puzzle Ode to Glass Tt 1 cee TE TT a wam she oS Chase and Phill s Chris and Kole s Hardest Chris and Wilson s Impossible Puzzle Puzzle Broken Glass Puzzle IT ITAIT it Tangram puzzles Sample tangram projects created by kids can be found at http etoysillinois org search q tangram Like the ones below 40 i FL To learn more about certain objects or techniques used in this project check the folowing Quick Guides Halo gt Menu Tools Object Catalog gt Polygon Books gt all items Useful if you want to make a number of puzzles and put them in a book Menus gt Grid and Snap to Grid 41 Motion Follow the Bee Can you Imagine a bee flying in a beeline Try because this is the most simple motion In this project you will eventually Invent a bee who will fly on a line of your own making You may even be Inspired to create other paths your bee might take In this project we use text book watcher variable gra
39. is script works From their thinking and discussions they should be able to inspire one another to create better ways to animate their ornaments Then on page 9 students are led to another way to animate have them continue discussions about the new way and inspire each other Pages 10 and 11 are blank for students to work on their inspirations They can add more pages as needed 56 Water Cycle Have you ever thought about the concept of a cycle I ll bet you can Imagine words that you think represent cycles That s a good way to start understanding a new concept From there go on to the water cycle You could Invent a simulation for parts of the water cycle to deepen your understanding Inspire your classmates by showing them your simulations and critiquing theirs i CZ qd D v S o m w a B 5 Evaporation occurs when hotter molecules near the water s surface gain enough energy to break free from the liquid and enter the air as water vapor Click the clock on the script to see the animation The dots represent water vapor which you can t see in the air evaporation normai B Sketch5 look like Holder s player at cursor Test Holder s cursor lt 6 Yes Holder s cursor increase by 1 Holder stop script evaporation Holder s cursor 1 In this project we use text holder book Holders Cursor Forward by Start Script Stop Script Test Look Like increase by arithmetic animation Pr
40. l look like O coin coinToss1 eolnsHolder lt i cursor ar ira ndom 42 gt F coin look like lcoinsHolder S player at cursor To simulate a visual change between two consecutive tosses especially when there are two or more heads or tails in a row one can add a small rotation to each toss The coin turn by tile is found in the basic category of the coin viewer The improved script looks like this coinsHolder s TII srandom 42 J coin look like coinsHolder s player at cursor coin turn by 60 gt Here are 3 games youcan play Coin Game 1 Two players take turns tossing a coin twice at each turn Player A wins when the result is two heads Player B wins when the result is two tails Coin Game 2 Two players take turns tossing a coin three times in a turn The first player to get three heads in one turn wins Coin Game 3 Two players take turns tossing a coin three times in a turn Player A wins if result of a turn is two tails and one head order is not important Player B wins if the result of a turn is either all heads or all tails Some of the games are not fair They are designed so that one player is more likely to win than the other Have the students discuss this Student s may also create their own games some fair some not 51 This project Coins Toss can be found at http etoysillinois org library sl 2132 More Inspiration This project could enable
41. lor of an object Clicking the purple halo icon transforms your cursor into an eyedropper Move it over the color you want and click to choose this color Choose a neutral gray The rectangle still has a black border for our project we need to remove it You can do this by bringing up the halo for the rectangle clicking on the white menu icon and then changing the border color to the same color as the body of the rectangle 12 X Rectangle send to back bring to front border style solid fill drop shadow gradient fill O resist being deleted bitmap fill O resist being picked up default fill O be locked v v When you have finished this copy the rectangle using the green icon of the halo Now you have two gray rectangles To create the contrast illusion you need to get another rectangle out of the supplies Change it s size to become bigger using the yellow halo icon Click on the yellow icon and hold it while moving the mouse until it is the size you want Color the big rectangle black Then copy it and change the color of the copy to white Now move the two smaller gray rectangles one onto the black rectangle and one onto the white one as you can see in the picture below You can already see that the right hand rectangle on the white background looks darker than the copied rectangle with the same gray color on the black background This is called the Mach Illusion and it serves to help animals to see things
42. n showing water raining from a cloud precipitation and create it on page 9 of the Etoys project Finally they should make an animation showing another part of the water cycle and create it on page 11 of the Etoys project As they work on these animations they should be able to inspire one another with their great ideas On page 15 of the Etoys project there is a more complete picture of the water cycle Have your students discuss the various actions of water in the water cycle and how this picture represents a cycle More Inspiration Have you ever seen dew on grass in the morning T hat is water vapor condensing out of the air onto the grass because it was cold enough overnight Clouds are made the same way except the water vapor condenses on tiny invisible particles in the cooler air high above As more water vapor condenses on the same drop the droplet finally becomes visible Have your learners work in groups to inspire each other to animate condensation This is harder to do so inspirational ideas from each group member will result in a better project Have them put the project they invent on page 14 of the Etoys Water Cycles project 59 Training Your Robot Imagine kids delighted at the opportunity to program and control each other their parents or a teacher They will use that delight to help them Invent a robot that draws polygons In this chapter we will begin with an exercise completely outside the computer to learn geom
43. n the Quick Guides Script Tiles X and Y Tiles Now run the script by clicking on the clock in the top line of the script editor The script will repeatedly execute the command until you click the clock again to stop it All of a sudden you can see where the grasshopper is and so can most other animals Now you have a little insight into why animal vision is almost always better at detecting motion than in seeing fine details and also why animals might want to keep still when threatened When you are finished you ll want to save your work for later use or to show it to your friends and family Youcan also make different versions based on the ideas you have How to save and load The button you see above is the publish button Find it in the navigation bar and click it A dialogue box will open It asks you to put in a name for your project to make it easier to find it again later Youcan put in your name in the author field a description and other information if you want Click Ok and you will get another dialog box where you can choose the destination for your project The default location is the Etoys folder on your computer It is strongly recommended to save all your projects there because this is the folder which will be presented by default when you are going to load a project To get a project out of your folder click the find button on the navigator bar It will present all the projects you have save
44. nd the tile Holder s player at cursor Drag and drop it to replace the box in the script where the word dot is A green frame around the word dot will let you know you are in the right place By doing this you have just told the spot of color Sam to look like the image in the holder where the cursor is currently located This will be the image in the boxed frame 8 In the Holder s viewer drag the tile by its white assignment arrow and drop in into the script Hold down the cursor on the word cursor in the script and choose increase Make sure the increase numerical value is 1 Change the name of the script to workOut The script looks like this Holder s cursor increase by 1 Sam look like Holder s player at cursor Click on the clock to make your animation run To change the speed of the animation the pace of the script s ticking hold down the cursor on the clock icon and choose a different number of ticks per second To make the holder invisible to collapse it get its halo and click the circle collapse icon on its upper left This project Simple Animation can be found at http etoysillinois org library sl 2131 More Inspiration An animation of flying geese at http etoysillinois org library sl 2133 An animated overhand knot can be found at http etoysillinois org library sl 475 An animated blue guy using still camera shots at http etoysillinois org lib
45. of the skills we are teaching is debugging and persitistence Below are some sample problems kids have run into and suggestions on how you can help them If their robot disspears off the screen which will happen have them click on the button Have them explain their code to someone else Often even with very experienced programmers once they start explaining the problem to someone else they figure out the problem for themselves then thank you for being brilliant and such a great help Its up to you if you want to let them know they really solved it for themselves and they are the brilliant ones Have them read their code out loud EXACTLY AS WRITTEN We often get confused between what we intended the robot to do and exactly what we told it to do To quote an old Chicago politician Print what meant Not what said As they read the code aloud walk through what the robot will do based on that specific instruction AS WRITTEN either in their minds eye on a piece of paper with a pencil or with some other object like a toy car Ask them to step away from the computer and walk the shape Then ask them to say out loud specifically what they are doing at each step using forward by and turn This can help them become more aware of their body knowledge and help them transfer that to their program Also ask them to try the following 63 Click here to execute the tiles one at a time a P normal MyBota forward by 50
46. oject Begin by downloading the project from http etoysillinois org library sl 2139 It is very likely learners will come across the water cycle They can explore the water cycle in an interactive way and animate water raining from a cloud the condensation process and another part of the water cycle 57 To develop a deep understanding of a new concept like cycle it can be helpful to come up with examples of the new concept and look for a common thread Have your students access their imaginations and come up with examples of cycles As they imagine harder and probe their minds they should eventually come up with several parts of the water cycle A picture containing parts of the water cycle with no captions is available for them to look at and extract parts of the water cycle This takes some imagination A cycle is an action that repeats itself Have your learners break up into small groups and brainstorm to come up with words or phrases that contain the word cycle and have them record their phrases in the Etoys project book page 1 After the learners have had time ask them to report what phrases they have Then click on the right arrow at the top of the book to proceed to the next page to see if they came up with phrases words like bicycle tricycle motorcycle recycle life cycle business cycle Have students show their words to other groups and discuss what makes them cycles Have them record a final definition of cycle
47. ons like Basic outlined in red above gets you to a different category of objects To find the flap object click the Scripting button X alphabetic find categories Scratch Press mel stn ea All Scripts Button ButtonDown a My Flap ButtonUp File Dialog Flap ey a ea Holder Players Random Scripting Drag the Flap object out onto the world and it will attach to the bottom edge You can put things into this flap and close it up to get them out of the way but they won t be duplicated To change the flap s property get the flap s Halo and select the white Menu button There are many options like cling to edge to move the flap to the right left or top change tab wording to rename the flap tab and make the flap a parts bin Selecting this box means that any object including an object with scripts put into the flap will be duplicated when you drag it out Note that you can also get a Flap from the Supplies bin Now it s time to invent animated ornaments To create ornaments that flash go to pages 6 and 7 for an overview Start with a Circle Curve Ellipse Polygon Curve Rectangle RoundRect Star or Triangle object from the Graphics category of the Object Catalog The objects mentioned above all have a color category with red green and blue tiles that tell how much of each color is in the object By making the values of red green and blue random the round ornament color flashes Create a script for your objec
48. phing objects Start Script Stop Script forward by turn by mouse down animation arithmetic Project Begin by downloading the project from http etoysillinois org library sl 2142 By following the bee learners can get a basic and kinesthetic sense of constant velocity They can explore further by graphing the motion and writing their own script to move the bee 42 They will start by exploring the motion of an existing bee Bees like all objects have a position in space If they are moving they have a velocity Students will learn about these concepts and understand them more deeply by recording and graphing data regarding the bee s motion After analyzing their graphs they will invent the motion of their imagined bee Finally they will look at each others projects and inspire each other by suggesting improvements T hey can take their project and challenge friends and family to fly their bee straight Vocabulary the students will need Position page 2 is where you are in space In this activity we will be interested in the back and forth position of the bee We often call that the x direction when its horizontal If your students click on the bee the bee will stick to the cursor click again and the cursor let s go They can move the bee back and forth They should notice the x value change in the Bee s x watcher for a kinesthetic and visual input Velocity page 3 is how fast you move through space On page 3 le
49. r one you find on the internet After you find an image you like save it to a folder on your computer and then drag the photo from your folder into the open Etoys window The size of the photo can be adjusted bigger or smaller by using the yellow Halo icon Hold down the Shift key while dragging the yellow handle so the proportions will stay the same Always give credit to the artist author or photographer of materials you use in a project even to yourself Credits for the photo used in this project Golden Gate Bridge Rich Niewiroski Jr http www projectrich com gallery The photo is a layer in the project and it should be the background To make it stay in place use the photo s halo white menu icon top second from left Select all three options be locked resist being picked up resist being deleted x send to back bring to front yembed fill style border style drop shadow E resist being deleted resist being picked up be locked O provide clipping O direction arrow O accept drops O round corners siblings b extras text auto fit text wrap to bounds O translatable LI use pango font for entire text text properties text margins add predecessor add successor code pane menu code pane shift menu fill owner s shape holder for characters h This poem s emphasis on the journey home led to using Paint Tools to make a drawing of little golden dots representing car headlights
50. rary sl 2134 A small fantasy for two food cans at http etoysillinois org library sl 2135 47 T he visualize the life cycle of bacteria at http etoysillinois org library sl 1842 48 Tossing The Coin Imagine what it would be like to toss a virtual coin You will need to Invent a way to make your coin act like a real coin It may Inspire you to design games and play u CHD q D S o m w a B B 2 Learn To Create Coins And Play With Them icoin coinToss In this project we use Painted images Holder holder s viewer Holder s player at cursor Holder s cursor compose a composite tile Project In this project as in the Chapter 9 Animation we use one object a coin and change its look to mirror the images stored in an holder We will toss the coin and show how it falls either heads or tails In order for the coin to behave like a real one the chance of falling on tails should be the same as the chance of falling on heads but for any given toss we have no way to determine the exact result Instead of increasing the holder cursor by one to move in a sequential order as we did in Chapter 9 we will use a random number generator available in Etoys and assign its results to the holder s cursor 49 Instructions Open Etoys and click on the cloud that says Make a Project 1 Paint or import images of the 2 sides of a coin Name these objects Head and Tail Put them in a holder you find a hol
51. rast Calder s stationary sculptures are called stabiles He also produced numerous wire figures notably for a vast miniature circus http en wikipedia org wiki Alexander_Calder 23 Inventing Poetry in Motion Imagine poetry illustrated and enriched with motion Haiku is a small poetry form that is fun to use for Etoys projects As you write your poem be Inventive and imagine how your poem can be illustrated and made into a dynamic project A poem that appeals to the eyes the mind and a sense of humor may Inspire your reader to be creative too rs roe Haiku Bridge I ILEEIT In this project we use Paint Tools Halo Handles Text Digital Images X and Y Hide and Show Tests Category Normal Ticking Button Fires a Script The project also uses the Scripting category of tiles and they will be explained in the lesson Project You may want to go to http etoysillinois org library sl 2138 and view this project before beginning your own The twinkling lights make the magic The Haiku is by the author 24 To begin open Etoys and click on the cloud that says Make a Project Click on Supplies in the Navigator Bar and drag out a Text Text color style and size can be modified by using the three icons across the lower edge of the text s halo Try different fonts and sizes choose a color with the magenta eye drop icon in the halo This project exercises your skills as an artist a poet anda programmer Like oth
52. reen color might help it escape from birds and other predators that might want to eat it Now let s write the simplest of scripts for the grasshopper to get it to move sideways in the left right direction the official name for this direction is x The world in Etoys is a two dimensional coordinate system with x being the value of the horizontal position of an object starting with o at the left side How to write a script In Etoys writing a script actually means to compose a script using the tiles available for the objects You find the tiles for each object in it s Viewer Bring up the Viewer for an object by clicking on the blue eye icon on the halo The viewer for the grasshopper will look like this You ll see the Grasshopper s x tile under the heading basic which stands for category basic in the upper half of the viewer Grasshopper s x D 580 Drag the tile onto the Etoys world using the white arrow and it will create a script editor around it the moment you drop it If that doesn t happen try again and make sure you grab it at the white arrow shown in the image above Now you can change the command to let it perform the action you want Clicking on the white arrow in the command tile will bring up a menu of operations where you choose increase by to move the grasshopper from left to right You can change the value for increase by by clicking on the number and typing in another one Find more help i
53. reen pale pink and brown 22 Alex 5 FF FF Text Experiment with your text s options until you like the way it looks and then think about where in your project window is the best place for it Do you want it near the buttons or above the mobile or someplace altogether different Your project shows the results of all the decisions that you have made As the author of an interactive art work you have a responsibility to the people who visit your project to make it ready for them Throw away trash cans and other objects you do not want visitors to see Correctly spelled words make a good impression Click on the little tabs that open Viewer panes and collapse them so they are out of view of visitors If everything looks right Save the project and share it More Inspirations Are you inspired to learn more about Alexander Calder Look at images of his work in books or on the internet Etoys projects inspired by other famous artists are available Here are links to two sets of projects you might enjoy Kandinsky Inspired http etoysillinois org library tags Kandinsky 20Inspired Mir Inspired http etoysillinois org library tags Mir C3 B3 20Inspired Alexander Calder July 22 1898 November 11 1976 was an American sculptor best known as the originator of the mobile a type of kinetic sculpture the delicately balanced or suspended components of which move in response to motor power or air currents by cont
54. s O origin at center O parts bin O resize to fit O show thumbnails m use gridding round up strays shuffle contents se Oona neight make detachable use standard texture make graph paper show viewers of all players remove viewers of all players origin within the playfield for now 0 0 which is the center of the playfield is fine simply click lt Accept s gt Cancel 35 8 The next dialog box allows you to specify the size of the grid in width as measured along the X axis and length as measured along the y axis For now enter 40 40 40 wide and 40 long then click lt Accept s gt B Create various shapes using an Etoys Polygon 1 Get a Polygon from Supplies D CED aD u t mE 7 Text anes __ fe Object ios All Scripts Players Trash Text Sound Recorder Rectangle Ellipse bd Book Holder Em E OQ Joystick Playfield Flap Polygon Slider Grab patch Lasso 2 Youcan see the polygon s handles aka vertices by holding down the shift key while clicking on the polygon d amp 3 The circles or represent veritces you can drag to move nt F 36 1 The blue circle represents the current vertex at cursor don t worry about that for now but if you want to play with it open the viewer and go to the polygon category Then change the x at cursor y at cursor and vertex cursor Watch what happens and see if youcan figure it out This could be good for someone who
55. s the differences matter If so how 67 7 Look at the following MyBot4 MyBot4 MyBot4 MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBot4 turn by 90 MyBot4 forward by 100 1 What s the same 2 What s different 3 Does the differences matter If so how 8 Look at the following MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBot4 turn by 490 MyBot4 turn by 90 MyBot4 forward by 50 square paused 9 E 1 What s the same 2 What s different 3 Does the differences matter If so how 9 Look at the following MyBot4 forward by 100 gt MyBot4 turn by 90 1 What s the same 2 What s different 3 Does the differences matter If so how 10 Look at the following MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBot4 turn by 120 MyBot4 forward by 100 MyBot4 turn by 90 square gt paused amp E 1 What s the same 2 What s different 3 Does the differences matter If so how Inspire Besides regular polygons here are some shapes people have created using pen trails forward turn by repeat and pen color Also see if youcan create the 39 shapes below from Barry Newell s Turtle Confusion http constructingmodernknowledge com tcbook pdf Make a poster of these shapes and hang them in your class 68 69 Fractions
56. search throughout your whole directory structure The third option find any file allows you to load images into your project The currently supported formats are jpg and png 79 Saving Once you have a project you ll want to save it so that you can work On it again and pick up where you left off Saving a project is different on the XO than it is on a Macintosh or Windows computer Saving to an XO If you click the X on the top right corner of the menu bar your XO will automatically save to the Journal You will know it s saving because you ll see a stick figure doing jumping jacks To retrieve a saved file from the XO click on the folder with the arrow pointing up Choose the project you want to work on and it will load into Etoys It s a good idea to name your projects so that when you go back to work on them you can distinguish them from one another Saving to a Macintosh or a Windows computer Near the right corner of your Navigation Bar you ll see the Publish Save icon When you are ready to save a project click on the Publish icon and you will see a screen waiting for you to describe this project You need to fill in a project name and can optionally add a description your name and tags too then click OK The next screen you see shows options where you will be saving the project You have two choices of places to save your project Choose one and then click save to finish saving If you save to E
57. set normal E strings of lights s x 4212 strings of lights s y 464 homes hide As the author of an interactive art work you have a responsibility to the people who visit your project to make it ready for them Throw away trash cans and other objects you do not want visitors to see Correctly spelled words make a good impression Click on the little tabs that open Viewer panes and collapse them so they are out of view of visitors If everything looks right save the project and share it 27 More Inspirations Photographs can be a source of inspiration for more Haiku or sometimes a word or phase will lead to new ways to express yourself Etoyslllinois org has a set of Haiku projects you may enjoy http etoysillinois org library tags Haiku 28 Ratios Can you Imagine the gears turning in your mind as you read this Try to imagine little gear s cogs meshing with a big gear s cogs What does that look like You can Invent your own system of gears Inspire your classmates with your knowledge of gears T LELEL Gear Test Area start istop ireset ie je b tE 1 11 Learn why ratios are important in studying gears The teeth of one gear fit into the teeth of another gear When one gear turns the other gear turns as well Your job is to explore what happens when the gears have different numbers of teeth Ratios are often used to make comparisons In this project we use text book
58. t and go to the color category in the viewer Drag out a tile for each color and the border Be sure the red box surrounds the color and the number at the right In a similar fashion drag out a tile for the border color from the fill amp border category Your Script Editor should be similar to the image below 55 2 flashing ticking red ED Ornament s green 75 a Ornament2 s blue 474 Ornament2 s border are Micolor Ornament2 s To make the red tiles value random click on the gold box icon second from the right at the top of the Script Editor and drag a random tile on top of the number value in the red tile Change the number in the random function to see the effect Do the same for the green and blue tiles Ornament1 as ebra ndom 100 IC Ornamentl1 s green tra ndom 100 Orna ment1 s blue random 100 Ornament1 s border color Sta rl s color If you make the border color the color of the flashing star the border flashes You can get a tile for the star s color from its viewer or it s halo to drop on the border color tile s color value Look under Halo Handles and Script Tiles in Help to reinforce and learn more More Inspiration Go to page 8 to see another way to animate your ornament The tiles used have been covered previously Have your students work in groups to figure out how th
59. t the end of each chapter there will be a section called More Inspirations which includes ways to enhance the project in the chapter and or links to similar projects you might want to explore Throughout the chapters there will be references to the built in Quick Guide help The Quick Guides are accessed by clicking the question mark icon on the far left side of the Navigation Bar at the top of all Etoys windows In Appendix A Getting Help there is more information on vocabulary and user tools which you may find helpful as you navigate through the book Here you will also find links to online sites that have a wealth of information and sample projects In Appendix B Quick Tips you will find helpful information on loading and saving projects and other useful general knowledge Camouflage Camouflage is found everywhere in nature as it is the tendency for many animals to stop still when alarmed This project will help students to see a plausible explanation of why animals freeze when threatened Can you Imagine how animals behave when in danger To get an understanding of this you will Invent an animal and it s environment so that it can camouflage and describe it s behavior and watch Let this project Inspire you to create puzzles or moving illustrations Camouflage In this project we use Halo Naming Painting Tool Scripting increase by Project original idea by Alan Kay First open a new project You
60. te here you need only the value for the heading not an assignment tile So you need to grab the tile on the left corner and NOT on the white arrow Move the track2 s heading over the number 0 in the script and let it drop once you see a green frame around the number Now the tile will replace the number and will look like this track1 S ras track2 s hea ding be 16 This would cause the heading of track1 be exactly the same as track2 whenever you turn track2 around We want it to be in the opposite direction but same angle so we need to make some additions to the assignment You can achieve this by multiplying the direction of track2 by 1 and so get as a result the number of the Opposite direction but same angle Click on the green arrow at the end of the assignment to extend the assignment Now it looks like this Liv es ams Click on the to change the operation to and then click on the 1 and change it to 1 The final script should look like this gt teng ae a eee Click on the clock to set the script ticking and then use the blue spiral on the halo of track2 to turn track2 around Watch how track1 changes it s direction accordingly 17 We see that the enlarge effect is similar to that in the picture of the railroad tracks and that there is very little effect when the Etoys tracks are rotated outwards More Inspiration Try out more illusions like the ones you can f
61. th kids From Programming each other to Programming Etoys Once the kids have programmed each other now we will try and transfer some of that knowledge to programming a Robot to constructing Polygons in Etoys This project will begin with a pre built template which should be downloaded at http etoysillinois org library sl 2144 The project can be used in classrooms with English and Spanish speaking students Open the project in Etoys In this project kids are provided with just three scripting tiles with which they can create all the shapes MyBotd turn by 5 On the first page the kids are asked to draw a square by e clicking on the L icons and changing the numeric values in the forward by and turn by tiles Kids can reset their drawings by clicking on the MyBot8 reset at the bottom of each page On the rest of the pages we will ask them to draw the polygons by creating scripts To create the scripts they click on the scripting tiles in the box and drag them into the empty script on each page While they do this have them fill in a chart like the one below or the one in the project 62 Some kids will be able to start quickly on their own and others will get stuck The following are some tips to help kids when they get stuck Learning to Debug The goal is to get kids to Just Do It and start trying things on their own They inevitably will get stuck and have to debug their programs This is good one
62. that are almost the same color because it makes the difference more apparent When clicking on the big rectangles it can happen that they stick to your mouse and suddenly are in front of the smaller ones To find the smaller rectangles again just move the bigger one away to find the rectangle underneath We can also make a dynamic version that seems to change colors and also proves that the two squares are the same color To do that we write a script that moves the rectangle from the black background over to the one on the white background 13 Get the halo for the gray Rectangle on the black background named Rectanglel in the example project and click on the blue eye to open the Viewer In the viewer you ll see the tile Rectanglel s x Rectangle1 s x Misso Drag the tile onto the Etoys world using the white arrow and it will create a Script Editor around it the moment you drop it If that doesn t happen try again and make sure you grab it at the white arrow Now you can change the command to let it perform the action you want The world in Etoys is a two dimensional coordinate system with x being the value of the horizontal position of an object starting with 0 at the left side In order to move the left gray rectangle towards the right one we need to increase it s x value Clicking on the arrow in the command tile will bring up a menu of operations where you choose increase by script normal ae
63. the precise point of contact between the cursor arrow and any object in the Etoys world This is useful when opening Halos and dragging tiles into their proper place in the script If you are trying to place a tile somewhere and you cannot get the bright green insertion place to appear it is probably because the tip of the cursor arrow is not positioned in the correct place The best way to drag non assignment tiles is by their upper left corner 81 Trash Can Drag objects into the Trash Can to discard them Double click on the Trash Can to open it and retrieve discarded objects from its inventory If you don t make the Trash Can disappear and don t explicitly empty the trash you will be able to recover accidentally discarded objects Retrieving lost objects When you can not find an object one easy place to get information about it is in the Players object in the Supplies Drag the Players object from the Supplies into the world It will open a list of all objects and a menu icon at the left of each items on the list Click the menu icon of the lost object to get the needed information 82 Book Sprint Experience The Squeakland Education team has been in existence since 2005 and we have established very strong bonds through our weekly online meetings and annual conferences We started our own book sprint to write a reference manual and devoted a week of intense writing by several people from the Squeakland community We
64. top and reset when through calculate the ratio of the number of turns for the smaller gear to the number for the larger 8 record the ratio in their notebook VPWN SID They should repeat their experiment with other sets of two gears There are six possibilities Have them can list them To do this methodically they should start with the blue gear and list all combinations with it then green and then red You can give them this hint if they are stuck Then they should record your results for the other five sets of gears Have them organize their data in a table to help them see relationships between the data for different gear sets Ask them to ponder the following questions 1 What relationship can you find between the two ratios teeth and turns for each set 2 Does the smaller or larger gear turn faster 3 Can you explain your data 30 Have your students try three gears they will notice that one of the gears may turn the wrong way Note that there are four different combinations of three gears Have them try to write them down the combinations and test all the possibilities Have them see if the can fix the problem by looking at my script They can see my script by clicking the bottom yellow viewer tab at the upper right and dragging the TestArea run tile out onto the workspace Challenge them to struggle to redesign the script to make all the gears always turn the correct direction T his will require more tests More
65. toys you are saving to your local computer or to your USB drive if using Etoys to Go It s a good idea to save locally until you feel you are ready to share your project If you save to My Squeakland you will be saving to the Squeakland website where you can choose to make your project public so that others can view it You will need to create a Squeakland account if you want to save to My Squeakland Login and click Save to upload your project to the Squeakland website Don t worry Squeakland doesn t sell or rent your information 80 Whether you choose to save to My Squeakland or to Etoys you will be able to retrieve and edit your project to make changes Quitting Altogether To quit Etoys simply click on the X on the top right of the navigation bar You will be prompted with Are you sure you want to quit Etoys Select Yes and your Etoys window will disappear Caution clicking on the X does not automatically save your work Using Viewers To open a viewer for an object Open the halo for this object and click the Open a Viewer for me eye like icon Each viewer has a small tab with the object image on its left side A click on the tab will change the flap of the viewer status from open to close from close to open The tab stays visible most of the times If youlost sight of the Viewer s tab go back to this object s halo and reopen the Viewer from there Adding atile to a Script The tip of the cursor is

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