Tektronix AFG300 Series Guide
Contents
1. Offset 0 V f 2 2 _ Pulse Width 100 0 1 ms 100 5 Pulse Period S Buttons to push Type FUNC MB or until PULS appears on the LCD CB ENTER CB FREQ MB 0 5 NB kHz ms mV UB SHIFT FUNC MB 5 NB ENTER CB AMPL MB 5 NB Hz s V UB OFFSET MB 0 NB Hz s V UB Note The AFG300 series does not allow the user to specify edge transition times for pulses Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University Example 3 for AFG320 For Channel 1 define a sine waveform with the following properties Frequency 10 Mhz Amplitude 2 V Offset 0 5 V Phase 0 For Channel 2 define a sine waveform with the following properties Period 0 1 us High 1 5 V Low 0 5 V Phase 45 1 1 Period O 1us Amplitude High Low 1 5 0 5 2 V 10 MHz Frequency pera EE N 2 2 Setup for Channel 1 Setup for Channel 2 Buttons to push Type Buttons to push Type CH BOTH MB CH BOTH MB FUNC MB FUNC MB or until SINE appears CB or until SINE appears CB on the LCD on the LCD ENTER CB ENTER CB FREQ MB FREQ MB 10 NB 10 NB MHZz us UB MHZz us UB AMPL MB AMPL MB 2 NB 2 NB Hz s V UB Hz s V UB OFFSET MB OFFSET MB 0 5 NB 0 5 NB Hz s V UB Hz s V UB PHASE MB lf necessary push the CH BOTH button 45 NB ENTER CB until Channel 1 is selected2. tif necessary push the CH BOTH button until Channel 2 is selected As it turns out these two signals are identical except the Channel 2 waveform is shifted in phase with respect to the Channel 1 waveform 10 Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University 8 Output Voltage Amplitude Suppose a load R is connected to an output channel on the function generator The signal source has amplitude Ve The generator s output impedance is Ro Let Vo be the voltage present at the output terminals of the generator AFG3000 series Ro Ro 50 Q Function Generator Figure 9 Load connected to output channel of the function generator Let Vser be the amplitude value that the user sets on the front panel of the function generator By default the instrument assumes an impedance match i e Ri is equal to Ro so it automatically produces a Ve that is twice the value of Vser i e Ve 2Vser The value of Vo can be calculated by realizing that Ro and R form a voltage divider General solution for any value of Ri when Ve 2Vser R R 2R Vo K van F Vser where F g R R o R Ro R Ro The output voltage Vo is a scaled version of Vser The scale factor F is between 0 and 2 inclusive Special case 1 R Ro impedance is actually matched i e R 50 Q gt F 1 so Vo Vser Implication The voltage present at the generator s output termina
3. 1000 1 9047 1 9047 1 9004 10K 1 9900 1 9899 1 9850 100K 1 9998 1 9998 1 9948 12 Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University Appendix 1 Specifications AFG310 amp AFG320 Table 2 Manufacturer s instrument specifications Channels 1 AFG310 or 2 AFG320 Sine Square Ramp Triangle Pulse DC Noise Standatrd Waveforms Sin x x Double seb ike ahaa Sine Wave NRZ Random Signal Sine Wave 0 01 Hz to 16 MHz Square Wave 0 01 Hz to 16 MHz Rise Fall Time lt 20ns Overshoot lt lt 2 Ramp Wave 0 01 Hz to 100 kHz Pulse Wave 0 01 Hz to 100 kHz Pulse Duty 1 to 99 of period Edge Transition Time lt lt 100 ns Jitter 2 ns at 100 kHz Other Waveforms 0 01 Hz to 100 kHz Noise Bandwidth 3 dB 8 MHz White Gaussian DC into 50 Q 5 V to 5 V Arbitrary Waveforms 0 01 Hz to 1 6 MHz Sample Rate 16 MS s Vertical Resolution 12 bits Jitter 2 ns at 100 kHz Amplitude 50 Q load 50 MVp p to 10 Vp p Accuracy 1 of setting 5 mV 1 kHz sine wave no offset Resolution 5 mV Output Impedance 50 Q Appendix 2 References 1 Tektronix AFG300 Series Data Sheet Tektronix Inc 2 Tektronix AFG310 and AFG320 Arbitrary Function Generator User Manual 071 0175 50 Tektronix Inc 13
4. FUNCTION GENERATOR GUIDE Tektronix AFG300 Series Department of Electrical amp Computer Engineering Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University 1 Introduction This guide provides instructions for operating the Tektronix AFG310 and AFG320 Arbitrary Function Generators Features e Standard waveforms sine square ramp triangle and pulse e Arbitrary waveforms e Burst sweep and modulation AM FM FSK e Single channel AFG310 or dual channels AFG320 e GPIB interface 2 Waveform Shapes The AFG310 and AFG320 output these standard waveforms Sine Ramp Square Pulse Triangle L GZ Figure 1 Idealized waveform shapes In addition the function generator supports user defined waveforms of arbitrary shape Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University 3 Waveform Characteristics Voltage V ee ee eee ere eee See ee eee ee eee High Armpit i ee Time t E A ET E Do A etna eae aces tale O A ole ee NA NA ee Low lt Period gt Phase Figure 2 Characteristics of a periodic waveform Tektronix terminology The amplitude of the waveform is the peak to peak variation in voltage The horizontal shift can be specified as a phase angle degrees The waveform s vertical characteristics i e voltage can be specified as an amplitude and offset or as high and low levels Some useful conversion
5. and 90 amplitude points as references If t and tre are a significant fraction of the total tle lt gt te width then the 50 amplitude point is a better reference for specifying the pulse width Figure 5 Edge transition widths for a realistic non ideal pulse Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University 4 Instrument Front Panel Channel Indicators AFG320 only LCD Display Delete Button Main Buttons T ARBITRARY dekironiy AFG320 FUNCTION GENERATOR kael ee FREQUENCY Hz2 PARAMETER SAVE f LSHIFT OFFSET V MODE P S ee 3 FUNC MODE woput RECALL OUTPUT TRIGGER Ce Power Switch Numeric Unit Control CH1 Output CH2 Output Connector Buttons Buttons Buttons Connector AFG320 only Figure 6 Tektronix AFG300 series front panel Copyright Tektronix Inc Power Switch This turns the function generator either on or off LCD Display The LCD shows waveform parameters selection and editing and status messages on a two line display Channel Indicators This indicates which channel is currently selected for display and editing Not installed on AFG310 CH1 Output Connector This connector outputs the Channel 1 waveform signal CH2 Output Connector This connector outputs the Channel 2 waveform signal Not installed on AFG310 Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Gener
6. ator Guide v1 0 gt Main Buttons SHIFT CH BOTH FREQ AMPL OFFSET EDIT PHASE SYSTEM FUNC PARAMETER MODE MODUL RECALL SAVE CH1 CH2 MANUAL Portland State University Some buttons have an alternate function that is printed in blue above the button Pushing SHIFT before pressing the button will choose the alternate function The CH button toggles between either Channel 1 or Channel 2 as the currently selected channel for display and editing Not installed on AFG310 This selects the frequency parameter for editing This selects the amplitude parameter for editing This selects the offset parameter for editing The alternate function activates the arbitrary waveform editing menu This selects the phase parameter for editing The alternate function activates the system menu This activates the waveform selection menu SINE SQUA TRIA RAMP PULS DC NOIS USR1 USR2 USR3 USR4 EDIT The alternate function selects the pulse duty parameter for editing This activates the run mode menu CONT TRIG BRST This activates the modulation menu OFF SWP FM FSK AM This activates a menu for recalling waveform settings from internal memory The alternate function activates a menu for saving waveform settings to memory This button turns the Channel 1 signal output either on or off When the output is in the on state the LED above the button is illuminated This button turns the Channel 2 signal out
7. d to use a Select the channel if needed b Select the desired function e g sine square etc c Adjust the waveform parameters using the front panel buttons d Verify the parameter values to ensure the voltages and frequencies are within safety limits 3 Enable the channel outputs 7 Examples The Type codes are CB Control Button MB Main Button NB Numeric Button UB Unit Button In Examples 1 and 2 assume the currently selected channel is Channel 1 both AFG310 amp AFG320 Example 1 Define a square waveform with the following properties Frequency 1 MHz High 5 V Low 0 V The AFG300 series only supports amplitude and offset parameters so conversions are needed Amplitude High Low 5 0 5 V High Low 5 0 Offset 2 5 V H 2 2 Buttons to push Type FUNC MB or until SQUA appears on the LCD CB ENTER CB FREQ MB 1 NB MHz us UB AMPL MB 5 NB Hz s V UB OFFSET MB 2 5 NB Hz s V UB Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Example 2 Define a pulse waveform with the following properties Pulse period 2 ms Pulse width 0 1 ms High 2 5 V Low 2 5 V Portland State University The AFG300 series only supports frequency and duty parameters so conversions are needed 1 Period 2ms Frequency 0 5 kHz Amplitude High Low 2 5 2 5 5 High Low _ 2 5 2 5
8. equations are 1 Preguency Period Amplitude High Low High Offset ga Ie erio High Low 1 Period Offset lows Ope Amplitude Frequency 7 lt 1 0ms _ Ampl 1 00V Phase 90 E A PE i Offset 0 25 V Period 1 0 ms alae High 0 75 V Freq 1 kHz Low 0 25V Figure 3 Example sinusoidal waveform with numeric values 1 Math textbooks often define the amplitude as half the peak to peak variation However Tektronix assumes the amplitude is the full peak to peak value 2 Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University Pulse Width l Pulse Period For a pulse train the duty cycle in is defined as Duty 100 V Pulse Width 0 9ms Duty 90 e a i t ms a 1 2 J Delay Pulse Period 1 0 ms 0 3 ms Pulse Freq 1 kHz V Pulse Width 0 5 ms Duty 50 5 1 1 VA 0 t ms 0 1 2 3 _ gt A Delay Pulse Period 1 0 ms 0 3 ms Pulse Freq 1 kHz V Pulse Width 0 1 ms Duty 10 5 I Li 0 t ms 0 1 i 2 3 e a H Delay Pulse Period 1 0 ms 0 3 ms Pulse Freq 1 kHz Figure 4 Examples of ideal pulse trains Ampl 5 V Offset 2 5 V High 5V Low 0 V Depending on the situation a pulse s leading and trailing edge transition times may be relevant tic is the leading edge transition time tre is the trailing edge transition time The transition times are specified using the 10
9. ls is equal to the set voltage Special case 2 R open circuit i e no load attached gt F 2 so Vo 2Vser Implication The voltage present at the generator s output terminals is twice the set voltage 11 Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University Example You connect a function generator with output impedance Ro 50 Q to a test circuit which has a load resistance of R You configure the generator to output a sinusoid of amplitude Vser 1 Vp p at frequency fser The voltage V across the load is monitored with an oscilloscope using a 1x probe The oscilloscope has an input resistance of Rin 1M Q in parallel with an input capacitance of Cj 15 pF Function Function Test Generator Generator Circuit Oscilloscope Test L Circuit ER Ground Figure 10 Example test circuit with oscilloscope The function generator sees the load in parallel with the oscilloscope s input impedance R R 2Z o 1 1 1 Z R R IZ joc t 5 V y PO COREE E Ci f a J R R j C R R E EZ eR I L in Table 1 Calculated load voltage V versus load resistance R at specific signal frequencies fser Given Vser 1 Vp p Rin 1M Q Cin 15 pF V volts Ri 2 fser O Hz DC fser 1 MHz fser 15 MHz 10 0 3333 0 3333 0 3333 50 1 0000 1 0000 0 9994 100 1 3333 1 3333 1 3318 500 1 8181 1 8181 1 8144
10. put either on or off When the output is in the on state the LED above the button is illuminated Not installed on AFG310 When pressed a trigger signal is generated gt Control Buttons CANCEL EXIT ENTER SELECT Cancels a selected item or pending input value and restores the previous value 1 Confirms the selected item 2 Confirms numeric value using current unit PREV and NEXT buttons 1 Changes items 2 Moves the cursor during input INC and DEC buttons 1 Changes selections 2 Increases or decreases a value Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University gt Numeric Input 0 9 These digit and decimal point buttons are used for numeric input The button toggles the sign of a number from positive to negative or from negative to positive MHz us The unit buttons assign a unit to the numeric input This also completes the input kHz ms mV Hz s V x This deletes a single character digit decimal point sign to the left of the cursor gt Output Connectors The output signals from the function generator are available at the BNC connectors on the front panel If a channel is currently disabled the output signal is turned off at the corresponding BNC connector Note The output impedance Ro of each channel is 50 Q Female BNC AFG320 Male BNC Cable Figure 7 BNC connections Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State Unive
11. rsity 5 Screen Interface Selection and Numeric Input CH1 Indicator Type of Waveform light up selected Frequency Value Prefix of Unit FUNC FREQUENCY Hz AMPL V cHt1 SINE 100 0000k 1 000 Ampitude Value BOTH CH2 0 000 CONT OFF Ps lt Phase Value z y JI se Cursor Offset Value Operating Mode Modulation Type selected selected Figure 8 Default screen interface Copyright Tektronix Inc A waveform has several numeric parameters that define its characteristics If a parameter is selected via a Main button then pushing any Number button will activate the numeric input mode The standard digits from 0 through 9 the decimal point and are available When entering a number an underscore cursor indicates the currently selected digit The and buttons move the cursor The and buttons can increment or decrement a digit If needed x will erase digits and the CANCEL button will cancel pending changes and restore the previous value In numeric input mode pressing a Unit button causes the chosen unit to be attached to the number which completes the input The ENTER button can also be used for completing numeric input In this case the currently displayed unit is automatically attached to the number Tektronix AFG300 Series Function Generator Guide v1 0 Portland State University 6 Standard Setup Procedure 1 Disable the channel outputs 2 For each channel you inten
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