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MaDCAT manual

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1. 59 DEEINE EXTRA IX YER EADBLDE ntn petu ded den sioe sos 50 SHOW EXTRA LAYER TABLE quete PR Est un E dre E unu e 59 QUERY EXIRALAYERTABLE poa tobdeu goes qubs risate 59 GONS dq 59 EXTRA LA VERS VYVIBOMOG 59 SE STROKED T E 59 SE UNIQUE VALUES HLEED SYMBOLOGY 59 SET RAMP FILLE D S VM BOB OG Y oni srein senta pe e Dude du oviuanesienarevesasaneueadaoqadasasuasenoneseys 60 DELLCCS SYMBOLOGY iti niet tituli eee eo 60 Exporting eau Un 61 SAVESECGMENITA TION NS e CC 61 SAMVBTRAINENCI AREAS e eiim Ta 61 SAVE EXIRA LAYER uti 61 SAVE DOTS S aurcm un adiu SO Ul A 61 SHOW CHANGES BASIC RE PORT ii itis dest A 61 SHOW CHANGES EX TENDED REPORT acies xmas erui uen mista Des uuo eee eae 61
2. ee On RASTER SUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION Actions tree SEGMENTATION Raster supervised classification Multivariate supervised classification of raster pixels Signatures are obtained from vector polygons having the class name as an attribute User can choose the distance measure between Minimum Euclidean distance or Maximum Likelihood distance In output the function can produce a raster coverage and a set of polygon labelled with the assigned class This tool allows you to create a supervised classification of your image The algorithms are based on training areas To create training areas please see the Training Areas action tree The algorithms use the average of the pixel values per land cover class per training area and then look for similar pixel values for that class throughout your image load signature from the polygons of training area layer classify selected rasters and save result in a new layer named by the user convert classified raster to polygons and save in segmentation layer deleting all previous polygons 9 Please note that this process will delete all previous polygons your existing segmentation layer When you press OK the Settings menu will be shown 29 Multivariate pixel based raster classification All OK List of raster bands Raster bands to use in the v 432 Ban
3. oeste 62 Meni 62 INEWNEROVBC Usa AE EEN EE AE M eu tpe RONEN 62 OPEN PROJECT CONTROLS 62 SAVE PROJBECT CONTISOLDAS 46a 4 141 2 1 toe 62 OS Suet seat tat desde OR 62 SG ON iui A A Ou AM E 62 SETUP 40 40 4 AE sca det ceti A de OEE 63 PRINT CON TROLAP niente UU M D Muf 63 SHOW CHANGES BASIC RBPOR etes ber b Dee ES 63 SHOW CHANGES EXTENDED REPORT e o eroe pede nep Ev bee bcn ergo ue ace ce oa ve aue 63 E ie a E Li MR e AER 63 Ment PI 64 INDIO coviennepan 64 REDO CONTROLA4W 64 CUT CONTROLAHX esee tette tette tette tret terret tette tette tete 64 COPY 64 INUNA ONUN LO DAA 64 DEEEETBEQ CONIROLTDELELDE 552 2 1 1 229232 29928 A SA 64 DEFAULT STATUS SHIFT 4D 64 MOVE TO PREVIOUS POLYGON CAL EP Fete Coe ao daa boast der rae et eot deoa cs 64 MOVE TO NEXT POLY
4. redemit wearers 4 AID POLYGO NS Me E M hec E Lu UE 41 MAGIC WAND mM UL d 43 ADVERTE 5 a un 45 REMOVE VERTEX FROM POL YGOIN 45 ne UM EIU DM LEUR NILUS 45 MERGE POLYGONS cen es 46 DELETEPOLYGON cC 47 TOL YGONS S ite UN 0 ou eoque RISE Ext dE I UE UH 47 ELIMINATE SMALLFOLY GONS nia iR OO 47 DISSOLVE POL XGONS 0 nectit odi buried Reset ot Deo cl aati 47 ATTRIBUTES TABCE 3256 ue IER es Bono se UU Rc CE 48 COPY SELECTED FEATURES 5 4 5 55 A 48 MOVE SBELEBCTEBDEBEATURES oi 1 lence tone ec ance reas 49 JA uut NUR 50 CLASSIFY POLYGONS BY PIXEL 50 CLASSIFY POLYGONS BY OBJECTE sieben 52 UNSUPERVISED CLUSTER OFE POLYGONS etae eee a te 53 SMART CABELCING ie ut tue tiec dcc mii acte
5. TrainingareasPOL shp SHP File TrainingareasPOL shx 1 SHX These are automatically created ready for you to begin working with MadCat These are needed by MadCat for shapefile topology Terranova has decided to use ESRI shapefiles for easy integration with ArcView GIS software m SAVE PROJECT AS Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Save project as Open a dialog box to select the file name to save current project RASTER MANAGER Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Raster manager Let the user manage raster layers to load save and unload raster images or RaDEx data The Raster Manager allows you to control the raster data that is loaded in the project TOO1ETMb432 RASTER C Craig FAO MADCAT_Demo T001ETMb432 tif T026MSSb421 RASTER C Craig FAO MADCAT Demo T026MSSb421 tif Load raster Save selected raster Unload selected raster Load RDE Save all raster Unload all raster The Load raster button allows users to import raster TIF BMP JPG PNG TNI BIL BIP BSQ files to the MadCat project You are able to import the whole image quarter sub scenes or even smaller sub scenes depending on the area being updated If you know the pixel parameters for your area you can even customise the area being imported by typing in the pixel values Load raster file Raster D Temp Laura_ugaLC lmages TIFF4p171r59_20010127_pan Select Tae Whole 4 5 6 a
6. 43 Settings for Magic Wand tool Pixels selection Topological acquisition Vector detail Threshold v Apply Antialias Acquire Apply Feather to selection Feather radius Max number of pixels processed 000000 Tolerance for automatic classification _Original data Stetched data Seedpinet 1 5 9 13 Once you are happy with the result you can press enter and the polygons will be saved to the active polygon layer Remember you can use the SHIFT key to add areas to the selected polygons or use the CTRL key to remove polygons from the selection To capture the polygon press Acquire or press No Holes The No Holes option will eliminate sliver polygons with the polygon and create a larger polygon that has no island polygons or gaps Settings for Magic Wand tool Pixels selection Topological acquisition Vector detail Threshold v Apply Antialias Acquire IV Apply Feather to selection Holes Feather radius Heset number of pixels processed 000000 Tolerance for automatic classification Original data Stretched data Seed pixel 5 3 33 You will notice two other tabs on the Settings interface for the magic wand Topological Acquisition tab allows you to setup how the polygons are captured when you click Acquire or No Holes and you can setup how they are captured when there are existing polygons on the active polygon layer Setting for Magic tool T Pixels sel
7. 800318 1792360395 0 21499 25973 8151476011 0 21499 19480 3613607213 0 21499 110388 7143772394 0 21499 88836 8519734815 0 21499 111200 3961003383 at e 35 QUERY SEGMENTATION TABLE Actions tree SEGMENTATION Query segmentation table Select polygons with a query on the related attributes Opens the Query Definition dialogue box and enable you to create simple queries on your attribute data using and or statements Not the OR statement is entered by clicking below the first query and the AND statement is added to the right of the first query Define quey x List of attributes Values list 5 EDIT POLYGONS Actions tree SEGMENTATION Edit polygons Show polygons editing functions See section under Add Training Areas ADD SELECTED POLYGONS TO TRAINING AREAS Actions tree SEGMENTATION Add selected polygons to training areas Add selected polygons to training areas Copies a selected polygon to the Training Areas layer 5 EDIT SEGMENTATION SYMBOLOGY Actions tree SEGMENTATION Edit segmentation symbology Customize the representation of the polygons by setting the attribute of thematic visualization the interval of classification and the symbol type You can customize the representation of the polygons by setting the attribute of thematic visualization the interval of classification and the symbol type 36
8. If you click on one of the classes you will see the LCCS code the classifiers used for that class the LCCS user label and the user description for that class All this information was created when defining the legend in LCCS You can label the polygons by clicking the tick box next to labels M babel Size labels by using the slide bar and you can control the size of the You can assign symbology to the polygons by double clicking in the square between the tick box and the label or to quickly assign colours to all the classes you can use the Random Colour button Random Color E M Artificial Waterbodies Snow and Ice CREATE USER DEFINED LEGEND Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Create user defined legend Create a user defined legend in LCCS style You can create your own user defined legend by saving a new LCCS style database You can create your own classes within this database Please note that this is advanced and is not recommended When you double click the tool you will be prompted for the name of your new database Once saved you will be prompted to enter your classes 10 List of classes 1 Legend UserDefinedLegend Trees Closed User information User label Trees Closed New class Delete class 4 gt Save changes Cance hh EDIT USER DEFINED LEGEND Actions tree PROJ ECT MANAGEMENT Edit user defined legend Modify a le
9. 54 Change detection qnse tease hones ats 57 DETECTCHANGE BY PIXEL VALUES odios 57 APPLY PATTERN RECOGNITON FILTER ot e bare nt nao dva ete ee voee 57 CROSS CORRELATION ANALISY eet Rye te RES RR VEI Eee ne te EU o PR YF Id E eth toe 57 CODING te a a diate ee dates a uiuit diac 57 SEI DUNGEON edite oret a inan ties 57 SETTING ates ted 57 SE TEIN Ga ha Sante ccc teas eroe ibi ta duda tud tee 57 ENABIEBSEITINGO ate at i Na sa dude fud urbe fotu 57 SET ECCS CHANGESYMBOLOGY niue toni ib tovt be O 57 Breuer re treet rinse ee hte ater 58 Ib LY ADO I GRD rw 58 DECEETEALEDOL p 58 SMOWTIDE DOTS c n 58 CLASSIFY SEGMENTATION BY CODED 58 CODING SEL TINGS NT m 58 SE FING p 58 stn rset ete dees was eem 58 58 ENABLE SETIHNG 58 A
10. ABOUT MADCAT Menu item About MadCat Show ABOUT dialog box GLCN MadCat MApping Device Change Analysis Tool MApping Device Change Analysis Tool 74 SHORTCUTS This section lists shortcuts to commonly used tools ALE CONTROL 0 Open project CONTROL S Save project CONTROL P Print ALT F4 Exit EDIT CONTROL Z Undo CONTROL W Redo CONTROL 4X Cut CONTROL4C Copy CONTROL V Paste CONTROL DELETE Delete CONTROL SHIFT D Default status CONTROL SHIFT N Select none CONTROL SHIFTH Invert selection CONTROL SHIFT W Select by rectangle CONTROL SHIFT R Select by rubber ALT4P Move to previous polygon ALT N Move to next polygon VIEW ALT E Zoom all extents ALT4S Zoom selected features Zoom in from center ALT 0 Zoom out from center ALT BACK Zoom to previous extents ALT W Zoom window out ALT 4H Pan view out F9 Redraw screen TOOLS F8 Show themes window F11 Toggle actions tree ALT M Open macro editor F1 Help contents 75
11. Set parameter for change coding by polygon ENABLE SETTING 1 Actions tree DOT GRID Enable setting 1 Enable coding setting 1 ENABLE SETTING 2 Actions tree DOT GRID Enable setting 2 Enable coding setting 2 ENABLE SETTI NG 3 Actions tree DOT GRID Enable setting 3 Enable coding setting 3 ENABLE SETTING 4 Actions tree DOT GRID Enable setting 4 Enable coding setting 4 56 Extra layer Extra layer E Define extra layer table Show extra layer table Query extra layer table Edit polygons Set extra layer symbology Ez Set stroked symbology Set unique values filled symbology Set ramp filled symbology Em Set LECS symbology DEFINE EXTRA LAYER TABLE Actions tree EXTRA LAYER Define extra layer table Edit attributes structure of current feature See section under Define Segmentation table SHOW EXTRA LAYER TABLE Actions tree EXTRA LAYER Show extra layer table Display the attribute table of active polygon theme See section under Show Segmentation table QUERY EXTRA LAYER TABLE Actions tree EXTRA LAYER Query extra layer table Select polygons with a query on the related attributes See section under Query Segmentation table pra EDIT POLYGONS Actions tree EXTRA LAYER Edit polygons Show polygons editing functions See section under Add Training Areas SET EXTRA LAYER SYMBOLOGY Actio
12. and Value 2 7182818 0 000000 3 1415926 Remember you added a field to a polygon vector table earlier in this process In the next tool you will learn how to assign the NDVI value to a polygon AVERAGE RASTER DATA BY POLYGON Actions tree RASTER TOOLS Average raster data by polygon Calculate the average of all pixel values inside each polygon of current layer for a selected raster band This tool calculates the average raster value per polygon and assigns it to a field in the attribute table In the previous step we created an NDVI raster and we created an NDVI field in the attribute table When you double click the Average Raster by Polygon tool you will be asked which raster band to use In this case choose NDVI The calculation created a 3 band image for the NDVI calculation RGB but the value for the NDVI will be the same for all bands Select one of the NDVI bands 17 Select raster band The attribute table In the same way you can add any number of attributes to a polygon layer 18 Cursor Region of interest Load CURSOR polygon ID list Reset curent CURSOR Save selection as CURSOR Ml ta first polygon gt Move ta next polygon Move to previous polygon Move to last polygon Remove item from CURSOR EM Show curent ROI The Cursor Region of Interest tools are extremely useful for searching and saving a selection of polygons
13. 72 Meni WINDOW eet ec tN EE C M CDL nce 72 ea ae at a ee OL a cue 73 TWO HORIZONTAL WINDOWS cre cdita Etre o e acai caine lean ce iS DNE 73 TW O NER etis o eed ambe etel neh were ede 73 FOUR WINDOW S ai vt tacos LM cp a e suits 73 SIYENCRONIZE MULTIPLE WINDOWS cetus 73 N OE S 74 HELPCONTENTS 74 CHECK UPGRADES 74 etree ei UE 74 SHORTCUT 75 ACTION TREE TOOLS The Action Tree groups all MadCat tools together in a logical sequence under group headings for easy access and look up Each tool in the Actions Tree will now be described in detail Project management M on This is where you control your project You can save and open projects and add and X delete layers from your project When you save a MadCat project it is saved in a file Wl Open project called Geovis MadCat Project mee Save project S New project Save project as Raster manager Load segmentation Coding settings Code current theme with LCCS Show LCCS legend Hide LCCS legend NEW PROJ Actions tree PROJ ECT MANAGEME
14. Punt csedagum Pend geniuses song free wt Print Hoth symbol Prank w Punt cumari ate Ford egere Print Polygons legend Sese Prat cumeni Video m Lage C MPR GRATTSTERRANTTT SG eT ens Pont idola peri Thacker og cher pollegors Center map over cipping PRINTER SETUP Menu item FILE Printer setup Set the printer options Set the printer options These are the normal print options for a Windows Printer Print Setup Printer Mame WAFRISERVERSHP D esigndet 2500 by Properties Status Ready Type HP Designdet 2 by HP Where _ plotter Comment Orientation Portrait ncn Source T Landscape Network PRINT Menu item FILE Print Print with the page setup previously defined Print with the page set up previously defined This immediately sends your map to the printer selected above Unfortunately in MadCat there is no option where you can Preview your map before printing SHOW CHANGES BASIC REPORT Menu item FILE Show changes basic report Generate a short report of code changes SHOW CHANGES EXTENDED REPORT Menu item FILE Show changes extended report Generate a report of code changes EXIT ALT F4 Menu item FILE Exit ALT F4 Close the application 63 Menu EDIT
15. TOGGLE VISUALIZATION MODE xor tenants 70 SHOW DC C S BBLS Gia 55 3850 nS DN ML p DE cr SP 71 HIDE CCS LEGEN 03 cossvisacandtantesnaeiosdassnodevenensoaderseossuabackoadausendivabseiettovdtnanvabestesdonseeteusbessmcet 71 KERH 7 CODE CURRENT THEME WITH 71 ENABLER SE ETING E ASEET 71 ENABLE SE ETING 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 71 BNADISE SE EINGO ce mss Bede tok be 71 5 FNABEE SETEN A 71 SET ECCS CHANGE S Y MBOLOG Ye eee 71 MIEWSEABEBCTOOBDBJAJE 71 VIEW CLIPBOARD TOOLBAR EN 71 VIEW MEASURE TOOD Ao k t edet av mile n don 71 TOOD AE bd n ds 2 VIEW MULTIPLE WINDOWS TOOLBAR rmm n mnn nnnm nnnm nenne 72 T RPCORDINGE 72 SO REC ORDING ERROR 72 Menu APPLICA TIONS 2 MADCATF TOOLS E vtm dou Sce
16. View Tools Applications Wine Undo Redo Cti Cut ga Paste Delete Ctri Dal Default status Select none Cti Shit N Invert selection Cti Shitt Select polygons M polygi AH UNDO CONTROL 4Z Menu item EDIT Undo CONTROL Z Delete the last action REDO CONTROL W Menu item EDIT Redo CONTROL W Redo the last action X CUT CONTROL 4X Menu item EDIT Cut CONTROL X Allows to eliminate the graphic elements points arcs or polygons belonging to the active theme and currently selected and to copy them into the clipboard See under Drawing By Polygons Action Tree Bal COPY CONTROL C Menu item EDIT Copy CONTROL C Allows to copy in the clipboard the graphic elements points arcs or polygons belonging to the active theme and currently selected See under Drawing By Polygons Action Tree PASTE CONTROL V Menu item EDIT Paste CONTROL V Allows to paste on the active theme or on a new project the graphic elements points arcs or polygons saved in the clipboard See under Drawing By Polygons Action Tree DELETE CONTROL DELETE Menu item EDIT Delete CONTROL DELETE Delete current feature Deletes the selected features rd DEFAULT STATUS SHIFT D Menu item EDIT Default status SHIFT D Return to default status This is an important tool that is also av
17. Yalues interval Advanced visalization options X ya Theme MainLayer POLYGONS visualization mode Theme MainLayer Attribute CLASS Preview Attribute of thematic visualization cLass Initial value 2 Final value 2 Thickness Size E E Full color Take into account capital small letters in attribute values Minimum and maximun value Representation Add interval 2HC HR133H4 a Dect EXCESS Edit interval ceased oHC HR13344 2HC70 Edine 2HC78 2HC78 HR133H4 Delete interval Keep linked description and values Description 2HC 2HC78 HR133H4 2HC78 H 2HC78 HR133H4 2TPM18 2HC78 HR133H4 SR23H47 Delete all 2HC78 HR14 2HC78 HR1y ERR pedea SEE 2HC78 HR1Y 2 2 2HC78 HR233H4 2HC78 H 2HC78 HR24 2HC78 SR1 ig zl Unique Values Define variable parameters of Edit smi Save as Make default OK Load from Reset default Remember that you can also change symbology of a polygon or class by clicking on the square next to the label in the LCCS legend Select symbol Managen Click to change symbology 5 SET STROKED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree SEGMENTATION Set stroked symbology Set a single stroked not filled symbol for current layer C
18. test Band 5 B test Band B f Dri m Saee Preserve codified polygons All None Scatter plot analizus Again you are asked to select the input imagery for the classification process The tolerance level is the standard deviation of the average of the pixel with in a polygon segment The higher the tolerance the more flexible the search for polygons with similar pixel values The radius defines how far the algorithm should search for polygons with similar pixel values in this case it is 5 km the distance units are based on the projection of the input imagery in this case UTM Once you have the settings you can now interactively select polygons that are the same land cover class You can use any one of the selection tools described previously in this manual select rectangle select polygon select by rubber or select by density slicing Keep the above menu open when you are selecting as you will use it later List of bands to use in the classification Classification tolerance process for smart labeling Raster bands times the standard deviation TODIETMb432 Band 432 Band G v 432 Band Radius 5000 Foot Pand O ue teat Band A Expand classification test Band G test Band B kir mdr Iv Preserve codified polygons All Mone Scatter plot analisys Once you have a Selection of polyg
19. use Show LCCS Legend 11 Raster tools Raster tools Set RGB combination Raster stretch Ea Capture RGE combination as raste Calculate raster arithmetic verse raster data by polygon SET RGB COMBINATION Actions tree RASTER TOOLS Set RGB combination Combine the bands of all images loaded in the project and set the raster visualization of main window You must have existing raster already loaded in to the MadCat project using the Raster Manager In the example below an existing RGB composite is loaded and you can dynamically change the band combinations with this tool Multi raster RGB combination Show RGB conbination between raster loaded in project Raster to show in R band ETMb432 Band B Raster to show in G band root ETMb432 Band G Raster ta show in B band Cancel Below you see a standard band 432 RGB combination and the result of changing the bands and allocating the bands to different RGB combinations in this case band combination 324 RGB Please note you cannot dynamically Stretch the new band combinations using the Raster Stretch you would have to export new band combination to raster and then add to the project again using the Raster Manager aN RASTER STRETCH Actions tree RASTER TOOLS Raster stretch Set the options of visualization of raster theme by specifying the parameters for
20. AST POLYGON 20 REMOVETTEM FROM CURSOR 21 SHOW Bite 21 LOAD ROLCPOLYGONS SELEC TION E Aa vae 21 RESET CURREN ROD EE bee 21 DAVESEDBECTIHONCAS TI OL dote cose ape 21 SHOW CURRENT ROM una 21 NPT Te 22 SECOUNIENTADO RAIDER rent cesi M LS 22 SELECT BY RECTANGLE SHIFT W 25 DEEECT BY POE Y OON qu eumd 29 SELECT BY RUBBER SHIP TR idiot ess aste aon V Ebr ehe RN een 26 SELECT BY DENSIEY diae eta gestu Lap 26 SEEECTAONOINE GSHITETSEIN ue eese A Eun tu SUUS be 27 INVERT SELECTION E 21 1 Bo 27 CODING OF POLYGONS FROM LEES LEGEND arstist a ennt ru uo vastus 21 RASTER SUPERVISED CLASSIFICA TION 29 DEFINE SEGMENTATION DABIJE tatum satu nee 3l SHOW SEGNIENTATION TABLE ae a 35 SEGMEBENLT
21. E AT Text fal ee 30 Updatable Yeg Fixed length field Automatic increment Accepts null values Tes Field Calculator allows you to calculate the values of a field based on a formula that you define All the tools described above are available in the menu drop down lists as well Fields Calculator E3 Attribute Operators CODE1 CODE2 Reset Values to Zero this tool sets the selected records back to zero WARNING Be careful with this tool as you cannot undo the operation Make sure that you have the correct records when using this tool 5 SHOW SEGMENTATION TABLE Actions tree SEGMENTATION Show segmentation table Display the attribute table of active polygon theme Shows the attribute table of the segmentation layer EH Polygons Segmentation Table Attribute Record sasang e 294 Code LOCSCode UserLabel LCCSPerc Area SOIL TYPE 0 21499 34090 6323812008 0 21499 36525 6775512621 0 21499 409899 2702988237 0 21499 271913 3773266301 0 21499 55194 3571886644 0 21499 72239 6733794138 0 21499 16233 6344672963 0 21499 1822874 0026468858 0 21499 35713 9958278984 0 21499 163148 0263960585 0 21499 47889 2216784880 0 21499 110388 7143772766 0 21499 401782 4530645832 0 21499
22. SELECTED FEATURES ALT S Menu item VIEW Zoom selected features ALT S Zoom to selected features in map window ZOOM IN FROM CENTER ALT I1 Menu item VIEW Zoom in from center ALT I Zoom in from the centre of map window ZOOM OUT FROM CENTER ALT 0O Menu item VIEW Zoom out from center Zoom out from the centre of map window ZOOM AT SCALE Menu item VIEW Zoom at scale Zoom at a specified scale This is an extremely useful zoom tool to have especially when you doing land cover mapping at a certain 65 scale Click the tool and complete the scale you wish to zoom to When you click OK MadCat will automatically zoom to that scale Select the scale x Video scale factor Scale 1 50000 OK 1000 2 000 5000 10 000 25 000 50 000 100000 ZOOM TO PREVIOUS EXTENTS ALT BACK Menu item VIEW Zoom to previous extents ALT BACK Return to previous map window ZOOM WINDOW OUT ALT W Menu item VIEW Zoom window out ALT W Zoom window out PAN VIEW OUT ALT H Menu item VIEW Pan view out ALT H Pan view moving the hand ZOOM IN OUT Menu item VIEW Zoom in out Zoom in and out using mouse click REDRAW SCREEN F9 Menu item VIEW Redraw screen F9 Redraw map window 66 Menu TOOLS GENERAL INFORMATION Menu item PROJECT SETTINGS General information Show general information about current project
23. current layer The Drawing by Polygons tools allow you to add edit and modify existing polygons on the current layer When you double click the Action Tree you will be asked which polygon layer you would like to edit Add polygons PF Magic wand Add vertex to polygon Remove vertex from polygon Split polygan lt Merge polygons X Delete polygons X Delete all polygons Eliminate small polygons Dissolve polygons Empty attributes table gt Copy selected fetaures to fe Move selected fetaures to ADD POLYGONS Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Add polygons Add polygons into active polygon theme Add polygons into active polygon theme Click on the Add Polygons button and click the starting point for your polygon Move your cursor around the polygon clicking every time you would like to add a vertex When you are finished digitising right click to complete the polygon The polygons get added to the active layer the main layer by default To disable the Add Polygon tool right click again or use the Esc key You have a few options when creating new adjacent polygons by using the Shift and Ctrl keys For example you would like to add a polygon as shown below The polygon on the left was added first and the one on the right is to be added to the layer 4 NORMAL The option above illustrates what happens when no button is pressed J ust left clicking a
24. especially when checking land cover polygon codes and when assessing changes in a selection of polygons LOAD CURSOR POLYGON ID LIST Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Load CURSOR polygon ID list Load CURSOR list from a file CUR This tool loads a saved polygon selection Click the tool and browse to the saved cur file See below for details on how to save the selection RESET CURRENT CURSOR Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Reset current CURSOR Empty the CURSOR list the list of polygon IDs used for CURSOR tools This tool resets the cursor selections back to the default status SAVE SELECTION AS CURSOR Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Save selection as CURSOR Save the list of IDs of selected polygons as CURSOR list in a file CUR and activate CURSOR tools The first step to use this tool is to select the poylgons you would like to save for checking at a later stage There are various methods of selection and these will be covered later in the manual For now select a few polygons at various locations in your view 19 Once you have selected the polygons click Save Selection as Cursor tool Documents Desktop FN mot My Documents I lu e My Computer My Network Places This will enable you to load the selection to the project at anytime Once saved the tool will zoom to the first polygon in the selection You can then use the tools below to br
25. that are intersected by the selection polygon will be selected 25 SELECT BY RUBBER 5 Menu item SELECT POLYGONS Select by rubber SHIFT R Select polygon features in map window passing over with the mouse This feature allows very fast selection of polygons Click the select by rubber tool and then hold down the left moue button and move over the polygons you would like to select Everything that is touched by the rubber will be selected To stop selecting simply stop holding the left mouse button down While the rubber selection is still active you could move to another part of the image and continue selection by holding down the left mouse button again To de activate the rubber tool press Esc or press the green arrow Default Status button on the toolbar Note You can use the default status button to de activate any tool that is active and leave the cursor in a neutral status SELECT BY DENSITY SLICING Menu item SELECT POLYGONS Select by density slicing Open a dialog box to set lower and upper limit of a range to be used to select features Select by density slicing can be extremely useful as it use the lower and upper limit of a range of values to make the selection The tool use the values that are available in the polygon attribute table In the below example the NDVI field we added previously will be used as the selection criteria Select an attribute x You can then set the
26. the three bands The Stretching Options button allows a professional job to be done on visually enhancing the image by manipulating the distribution of the pixels values relative to the dynamic range of colour distribution 12 Hereafter the basic principles of stretching are explained without going into detail For more information this vast subject professional literature will have to be searched While MadCat allows easy manipulation of colour ranges so that the un experienced user can experiment without problem experience in satellite image processing is required to obtain professional results The satellite will see the earth through the atmosphere and from a high distance some 850 km above the earth surface Due to this the image looks quite dull as can be seen below BEFORE STRETCH In fact when looking at the pixel value range or histogram obtained when double clicking the Stretching Options button it can be seen that all values that make up the image are squeezed together this sense these values use only a very limited part of the colour range available This squeezed histogram can be stretched to use the complete dynamic range NB Each pixel in each of the three bands gets one byte 8 bits assigned to show its grey tone This means that in one band a pixel can have a value ranging from O to 256 the binary combination of 8 bits in that byte So the plane can be expressed as going from value 0 to v
27. 49002 process Smoothing factor for input raster bands o 10 pele Meas t 50 small zones Standard dimension of zones in pixel 200 200 medium zones unit 800 big zones Minimum number of pixels for each Er homogenous zone a Dutput polygons theme Segmentation Smoothing factor for polygons 0 NM dione borders 1 one time raster cellsize Minimum polygons area 20 in number of pixel Cancel The extent of area section allows you to segment only portion of the imagery The default settings will segment the whole image The smoothing factor for each input raster will affect the outcome and precision of your output polygons It is recommended to leave as 0 for standardized results but users can experiment with other settings The standard dimensions zones will affect the size of your output segments This is based on the pixels of the image A value of 800 will create large polygons while a value of 50 will create small polygons There is no standard choice for these settings The choice of which values to use are based on experience of the operator the number of possible classes in the area input imagery time available accuracy required and the available RAM on your computer To experiment 200 is a good starting point The minimum number of pixels per zone indicates that only homogenous areas of 20 pixels or more will be grouped into a polygon Smoothing factor for polygon borders
28. ALDION TABLE n 36 EDEL cc E 36 ADD SELECTED POLYGONS TO TRAINING AREAS 36 EDIT SEGMENTATION S YSIBOLOG EIA runes 36 SELSTROKED SYMBOLOGY onisu sonveren ninatan EEE EAEE ES 37 SET UNIQUE VALUES HLEED SYMBOLOGY 37 SET RAMP FILLE D S VM BOP OG 37 SECC Vis OLOGY Mtt i HOS 38 Trnine area RIT DL TIU TEES 30 DEFINE TRAINING AREAS TABLE Vo tue E 39 SHOW TRAINING AREAS TABLE gai Someta tats ease Bate RU eode 39 TRAINING AREAS TABLE 1 ancien eee eee 39 EDLEEPOLY GONS vonin mes rarest 39 SET OLRAJNINCHAREAS SYMBOLGOCHY eR Pu 40 SETSTROKEDSYMBOLOGY eet 40 SET UNIQUE VALUES FILLED YXMBOLDOG Y ue t Deuce ute ead 40 SET RAMP EIBEED SYMBOLOGY etta nam Saved 40 SE TBC CS 55 5 5 2 0 ON obe 40 Drawing by poly sOns ioca eri
29. ASSIFY POLYGONS BY PIXEL Actions tree AUTOMATIC CLUSTERING Classify polygons by pixel Classification of existing polygons using spectral signatures over multiple raster bands The pixels belonging to each input polygon are classified using the signatures and the results are summed at polygon level giving the first second and third most probable class for each polygon together with the respecting probability This tool uses the training areas layer as input for classification of your segmentation polygons Your training areas should be added as under the Training Areas section The training areas should be coded with an LCCS code The training areas look for pixels in the input imagery that are similar to each other The classes in the training areas are then assigned to each segmentation polygon based on their pixel values 152008 This function signature from the polygons of training area layer classify polygons of segmentation layer using a by pixel approach add CLASS1 PERC1 CLASS2 PERCA CLASS3 PERC zin attributes ta segmentation polygons 9 m You need to specify the input imagery to use and the algorithm to use in the classification Note that you can also view the scatter plot of the pixel values in your training areas to ensure that the classes created are distinct from each other 50 List of raster bands to use in the M TOOIETMb432 Band classification v TODIETMb432 Band G
30. CS LEGEND Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Hide LCCS legend Hide current LCCS legend window See under Project Management Action tree CODING SETTINGS Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Coding settings Set parameter for change coding by polygon See under Project Management Action tree CODE CURRENT THEME WITH LCCS Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Code current theme with LCCS Use LCCS Coding tools to code the features of current layer See under Project Management Action tree ENABLE SETTING 1 Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Enable setting 1 Enable coding setting 1 ENABLE SETTING 2 Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Enable setting 2 Enable coding setting 2 ENABLE SETTING 3 Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Enable setting 3 Enable coding setting 3 ENABLE SETTING 4 Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Enable setting 4 Enable coding setting 4 SET LCCS CHANGE SYMBOLOGY Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Set LCCS CHANGE symbology Set a visualization legend highlighting polygon with different code between active and reference set of atributes VIEW TABLE TOOLBAR Menu item MAIN TOOLBAR View table toolbar Show hide table toolbar VIEW CLIPBOARD TOOLBAR Menu item MAIN TOOLBAR View clipboard toolbar Show hide copy paste cut toolbar VIEW MEASURE TOOLBAR Menu item MAIN TOOLBAR View measure toolbar Show hide measure toolbar 71 VI
31. Ctri S A Save project as Page setup Printer setup BS Print E Show changes extended report C Craig FAO MADCAT_Demo manual geovis FAOXMADCAT Training Testing geovis Exit Alt F4 NEW Menu item FILE New project Closes current project and open an empty new one If current project has not been saved the program asks confirm to save changes C3 OPEN PROJECT CONTROL Menu item FILE Open project CONTROL 4O Ask for an existing project and close current project If current project has not been saved the program asks confirm to save changes m SAVE PROJECT CONTROL S Menu item FILE Save project CONTROL S Save changes of current project If user has not yet defined the path name of the project a dialog box will be opened to select the destination file m SAVE PROJECT AS Menu item FILE Save project as Open a dialog box to select the file name to save current project PAGE SETUP Menu item FILE Page setup Set the printing options as scale legend title Set the printing options for your maps Features that you can include are Title North Arrow Legend and Logo The Page set up form is shown below Note that you cannot preview the print setup The printing will go directly to the specified printer 62 Printed page Tike Tert Pace Sub le Fan Amere
32. EW LCCS SETTINGS TOOLBAR LEES Menu item MAIN TOOLBAR View LCCS settings toolbar Show hide LCCS coding toolbar VIEW MULTIPLE WINDOWS TOOLBAR Menu item MAIN TOOLBAR View multiple windows toolbar Show hide multi windows toolbar START RECORDI NG Menu item MACRO Start recording Start the storage of MACRO statements STOP RECORDING Menu item MACRO Stop recording Stop the storage of MACRO statements and ask the user to save as file OPEN MACRO EDITOR ALT M Menu item MACRO Open macro editor ALT M Open the MACRO Editor where the user can edit procedure and run MACROs Menu APPLICATIONS MADCAT TOOLS Menu item APPLICATIONS MadCat tools Launch MadCat Application Interface This is where external application that use the MadCat interface will be loaded At the moment this is not functional Menu WINDOW Via the Window Menu you can access the multiple window functionality in MadCat You can load up to 4 windows at the same time coama aaa Activate and edit this view egmentation POLYGONS 718 objects Training areas POLYGONS 5 objects Exralayer POLYGONS 0 objects 432 RASTER C Craig FAO MADC RASTER C Craig FAO MADC RASTER CACraig FAO MADC 12 You will notice a small tool bar at the top right of each window This toolbar allows you to activate that specific window by clicking on the Pencil tool Y
33. Enable setting 1 Enable coding setting 1 ENABLE SETTING 2 Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON Enable setting 2 Enable coding setting 2 ENABLE SETTING 3 Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON Enable setting 3 Enable coding setting 3 ENABLE SETTING 4 Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON Enable setting 4 Enable coding setting 4 SET LCCS CHANGE SYMBOLOGY Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON Set LCCS CHANGE symbology Set a visualization legend highlighting polygon with different code between active and reference set of attributes 57 Dot grid Label by dot grid Delete all dots Be Show Hide dots S Classity segmentation by coded dc Coding settings Enable setting 1 Enable setting 2 Enable setting 3 LECS m Enable setting 4 LABEL BY DOT GRID Actions tree DOT GRID Label by dot grid The function lets the user to define a dot grid to select grid detail to label dots and interpolate polygons around labelled dots DELETE ALL DOTS Actions tree DOT GRID Delete all dots Permanently erase all points of the grid SHOW HIDE DOTS Actions tree DOT GRID Show Hide dots Toggle the visualization of dot grid CLASSIFY SEGMENTATI ON BY CODED DOTS Actions tree DOT GRID Classify segmentation by coded dots Classify existing polygons by codified dots CODING SETTINGS Actions tree DOT GRID Coding settings
34. GON ALD ETIN 64 Meni s M RM Lu M Die 65 ZOOM ALL EXTENTS ALT B 65 ZOOM SELECTED FEATURES 65 ZOOM IN FROM CENTER eere tette tette tret 65 ZOOM OUT FROM CENTER CAL LEO 1 5 5 55 65 ZOOM EAT SCALE 65 ZOOM TO PREVIOUS EXTENTS AL LEE BAC J cssscnnasshonsandcnsaanscsneedeacouansacohssdoreaswsseesaccuees 66 ZOOM WINDOW OUT CAE DT 66 PAN VIEW OUT ALT H 66 74 UH or 66 REDRAW SCREEN 66 Meni s TOOLS OPER NEC aad 67 Gre NERA INFORMA TIO Nes a EE 67 DER AWC ODORS A EA TR RI 68 DRAWING AND BDITINCHOPTIOJNS 14 3 5 3 NEI 68 MAGIC WAND OPTIONS 11 3 E OE S LM DA 68 BACK Cr OUND 5 LAT Poder 69 PA DRE CURE 69 SET SELECTION TRANSPARENT SOLID oe 69 SHOW THEMES WINDOW EFES eese tuta aud 69 TOGGLE ACTIONS TREE F11 eerte teet 70
35. HS 6BR 25 0 2504 255 2554 El 2TCObe 2TCOne 2TCOne 2TCObe 2TSbe 2TSne 2TSne 2TSbe LaunchLCCS Refresh Random Color Borders is Code 20058 12293 Classifiers 2 1 4 13 LCCS Label Sparse Short Herbaceous Vegetation User Description Sparse 1 15 short Herbaceous Vegetation ST E STE STE 28 You can also code a polygon or a selection of polygons with more than one LCCS code This is normally used for the mixed unit To do this you need to select the first code in the LCCS legend and then while pressing the Control key you can select the second and or third code Double click still holding the control key on the last LCCS code and your polygons will be coded with a mixed coding alaf 77 2HCO 1H 2HS 2HS 6BR 4 e Launch Lecs Refresh Random Borders Code 200531 2293 20510 12050 20223 Classifiers 2 1 4B4 B13 LCCS Label Sparse Short Herbaceous Vegetation User Description Sparse 1 15 short Herbaceous Vegetation If you now open the Segmentation table under the Segmentation tree Show Segmentation table you can see the attributes that have been added to the table by coding with the LCCS legend Polygons Segmentation O x Table Attribute Record 12982 suec BT Se E
36. Here you can view a summary of your project including how many polygon layers are in the project how many raster layers how much memory is being used etc Project state TMPgv You can also view detailed information about each and every polygon layer and raster image that is loaded in the project by clicking the tab corresponding to that specific layer Project state TMPgv tnp r File Erens Colors 67 DEFAULT COLORS Menu item PROJECT SETTINGS Default colors Let the user change the colour and the symbols used to show geographical data Here you can setup the defaults display of all layers in the project You can change symbols colours polygon fills outlines and line thickness Visualization mode DRAWING AND EDITING OPTIONS Menu item PROJECT SETTINGS Drawing and editing options Show editing environment options This Menu allows the user to setup options for manual digitising of polygons You do not have to worry about these settings keeping the default settings is recommended Settings under tabs for Processing History Snapping and ToolTips have been disabled and no longer function Setting options for Training areas _ MAGIC WAND OPTIONS Menu item PROJECT SETTINGS Magic wand options Show Magic Wand tool configuration Here you can set the defaults setting for the Magic Wand environment Please see the Magic Wand settings under the Drawing by Polygons Acti
37. MadCat MApping Device Change Analysis Tool USER MANUAL DRAFT MARCH 2009 T FOIM FOPE FRA FRA 2010 Remote sensing component MADCAT Manual MadCat_Manual_Draft3 doc 28 March 2009 7 11 PM INTRODUCING GLCN MadCat MadCat MApping Device Change Analysis Tool is software mainly devoted to optimizing the production of vector polygon based maps It is part of the GEOvis set of tools developed by FAO For more information see http www glcn org index_en jsp The software also includes a module for change assessment and analysis This manual is compiled using MadCat version 3 1 0 Release 12 02 2009 Subsequent releases might have Slightly different tools and functionality For updates please visit http www geovis net After downloading MadCat run the executable file to install the software Run the software by clicking the MadCat Icon After the first run of the software you will be given a unique PC code This code needs to be sent to activation terranova it If your agency qualifies you will receive an activation code Paste this activation code in the text box and your MadCat will activate and run Users who are familiar with the other GLCN tools MadCat and MAP will notice that the interface is exactly the same It is only the tools and functionality that differs This was done to ensure a seamless transition between the GLCN suite of tools MadCat functions on Windows XP Professional and Window Vista As yet Ma
38. MadCat project Many of the tools are similar to the ones used to manage the segmentation and extra layer polygons Training areas Define training areas table Show training areas table IH 3 Query training areas table Set training areas symbology Set straked symbology Set unique values filled symbology Set ramp filled symbology Set LOCS symbology DEFINE TRAINING AREAS TABLE Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Define training areas table Edit attributes structure of current feature See section under Define Segmentation table SHOW TRAINING AREAS TABLE Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Show training areas table Display the attribute table of active polygon theme See section under Show Segmentation table QUERY TRAINING AREAS TABLE Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Query training areas table Select polygons with a query on the related attributes See section under Query Segmentation table pras EDIT POLYGONS Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Edit polygons Show polygons editing functions To add training areas you need to create a polygon layer contain the polygons to be used as training areas in supervised classification You can create the training areas directly in MadCat or add a shapefile of training areas Double clicking the Edit Polygons tool will activate the polygon editing functions See below section on Drawing By Polygons Current Layer for detai
39. NT New project Closes current project and opens an empty new one If current project has not been saved the program asks confirm to save changes OPEN PROJECT Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Open project Ask for an existing project and close current project If current project has not been saved the program asks confirm to save changes m SAVE PROJECT Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Save project Save changes of current project If user has not yet defined the path name of the project a dialog box will be opened to select the destination file File Folder 62 Testing geovis 1KB GeoViS Project In the above example a project called testing has been saved in the directory Note that when you save the project MadCat also creates a folder with the same name as the project Inside this folder you will find three shapefile layers ExtralayerPOL shp SegmentationPOL shp TrainingareasPOL shp ExtralayerPOL Shortcut into a docu ExtralayerPOL dbf 1KB DBF File 9 ExtralayerPOL sho 1KB SHO File ExtralayerPOL shp 1KB SHP File E ExtralayerPOL shx 1KB SHX File b SegmentationPOL 1KB Shortcut into a docu E SegmentationPOL dbf 1KB DBF File SegmentationPOL sho 1KB SHO File SegmentationPOL 1KB SHP File E Segmentation POL shx 1 SHXFie b TrainingareasPOL 1KB Shortcut into a docu 8 TrainingareasPOL dbf 1KB DBF File TrainingareasPOL sho 1KB SHO
40. POLYGONS T18 objects B v Training areas POLYGONS 5 objects Edra layer POLYGONS Dobiects TOMETMb432 RASTER C Craig FAG MADC test RASTER C Craig FAONMADC RASTER EODEM TAE TOGGLE ACTIONS TREE F11 Menu item INTERFACE SETTINGS Toggle actions tree F11 Show Hide Actions Tree window You can remove the Action Tree from the left hand side of the MadCat project so that you can have a larger area to work in it is recommended to do this once you are familiar with the tools and you can access them directly from the toolbar Use F11 to toggle the Action tree Window on and off Below shows the MadCat interface with the Action Tree removed from the project 1 arci Managed Tames irae and Sem Tovaris 4 Augustis oc Floodesd Vi H 5 Aiia Guiada and Atiina aa IE E Hawn m 8 dde MA re TOGGLE VISUALIZATION MODE Menu item INTERFACE SETTINGS Toggle visualization mode Toggle between normal and advanced visualization This tool does not function in the current version 3 1 1 70 SHOW 5 LEGEND Menu item LCCS LEGEND SETTINGS Show LCCS legend Show current LCCS legend window See under Project Management Action tree HIDE LC
41. STYLELEGEND Sail epus uisu 11 CODING 11 CODE CURRENT THEME WIE 11 CCS MT 11 HDE MCCS LEGEND OTO EOR TASES 11 12 ro od Be TION Ga dett ier ee mises sid SM rec ee er E 12 RASTER M M M ere LE 12 CAPTURE RGB COMBINATION AS RASTER THEME eere 14 CALCULATE RASTER ARITHMETIC 15 AVERAGE RASTER DATA BY POLYGON 17 LOAD CURSOR POLYGON TD LIST ce tot eee aoro ao eaae e Eos epus 19 KESEICURRENTCURSO BR ce eit este Ou ctum Duos 19 SAVE SER BC TION AS Pavo eau OE Fre 19 MOVE TO FIRST POEY GON der Eom potentes esum ease ret eae ETE Etna dicm ies 20 babet o anm dd enun 20 MOVE TO PREVIOUS POLYGON 20 MOVE TOI
42. You can specify which field you would like search checking the tick boxes next to the relevant field and you can also specify if you would like your search to be case sensitive by checking or un checking the Capital small letters tick box Find information All attributes None Restart fom Iw Capital small letters Cancel Select All I Selects all the records the table Unselect All Unselects all the records in the table m Switch the Selection switches the current selection in the table If nothing is selected in the table and this button is clicked it will select all the records in the table Promote Selection promotes the current selection to the top of the table for easy viewing Original Order if the table is sorted according to an attribute this button will put the table order back to its original un sorted state Sort Ascending sorts the table in an ascending order based on an attribute First make the field active by clicking on the column headings in the segmentation table to make it go bold and then sort by clicking on the Sort Ascending button Sort Descending sorts the table in a descending order based on an attribute First make the field active by clicking on it and then sort by clicking on the Sort Descending button 34 Field Properties 2 shows the field properties of the active field Tera Nova 5 Hame ne CLASS
43. ailable on the toolbar next to the zoom tools If you have a current function active always use the Default Status tool to remove the functionality of the current command and return to default status MOVE TO PREVIOUS POLYGON Menu item EDIT Move to previous polygon ALT P Move to previous item of CURSOR list See under Cursor Region of Interest Action Tree MOVE TO NEXT POLYGON ALT N Menu item EDIT Move to next polygon ALT N Move to next item of CURSOR list See under Cursor Region of Interest Action Tree 64 Menu VIEW View Tools Applications Window 7 e Zoom all extents Zoom selected features 5 Zoom in from center Alt l e Zoom out from center Zoom at scale Zoom to previous extents Alt Back a Zoom window out ARAW 2n Pan view out Ty Zoom in out Ey Redraw screen FS All the View tools are available as Menu items under the View Menu or as tool buttons on the tool bar These are self explanatory and you can experiment with them to get used to them Also note the many shortcuts that are available for each tool and they can be used to save time while working on a project Zoom Tools Redraw Zoom all Zoom to extents selected Zoom out to scale Zoom previous Zoom csl MC EU Zoom In left Window click Zoom out right click 44 ZOOM EXTENTS ALT E Menu item VIEW Zoom all extents ALT E Zoom at all map window ZOOM
44. alue 256 The histogram below shows the corresponding shade of red for any pixel value It can be seen that the red values are all clustered in a small part of the spectrum only a part of the range is consumed Colour Streiching tor REED Auto stretch 255 pes Auto stretch Green Auto stretch Blue pin jo display Automatic update Max 25 T Histogram matching Load from file 0 lt Save to file 255 E Cancel To make the image more clear in the red band that range should be increased This is done by dragging the maximum and minimum lines closer to the range of values Having done this it can now be understood that the same pixel values are assigned a more complete range of the shades of red This stretching needs to be done for all three bands Choose another band and look at the result on the screen 13 AFTER STRETCH The above explained very briefly the principle of linear stretching MadCat provides the Auto Stretch options which is a fairly good compromise to enhance the image so the less experienced user can immediately see a better image Auto stretch Red Auto stretch Green If you are familiar with the MadCat version of the GLCN tools you will notice some extra additions to the Histogram Stretch interface You are now able to save your stretch setting to a str file You can load this again a
45. aster images You can generate a segmentation based on N number of satellite images and or raster bands for the same area Once generated you can start to code the polygons with land cover classes from the LCCS legend This greatly speeds up the land cover mapping process as polygons do not have to be manually created Below is the step by step process to create segments from a Landsat ETM 432 composite 24 Image before segmentation Double click the Segment to Raster tool to activate the interface Note that you will get a message box stating that the process will delete all other polygons on the segmentation layer so make sure you do not have any polygons in the project In this example segmentation will be created on the 3 bands of the Landsat ETM scene In theory you cold create a segmentation based on all bands bands of multi temporal scenes or even on arithmetic raster e g NDVI that you can generate in the Arithmetic calculator Make sure to select the bands you would like to use by ticking the check boxes 23 List of raster bands Raster bands All to use In TOOIETMb432 Band rebos V T DIETMb432 Band G None v 001 432 Band B test Band test Band G test Band B NDVI Band 4 Estents of area where segmentation is to be applied X Y Minimum 490000 1 225979 4332 Maximum 51 0000 1 205979 4332 Cellsize to use in segmentation 28 490028
46. c wand tool Holding CTRL button remove from current selection Holding SHIFT button it adds to current selection With this tool you can automatically create polygons and then add them to an existing polygon layer The polygon layer that is updated will be the one chosen when you activate the Drawing by Polygons Tree To use this tool you will need to adjust the settings in the Settings window that will activate when you click the Magic Wand Tool Settings for Magic Wand tool x Pixels selection Topological acquisition Vector detail Threshold iy RS EL IV Apply Antialias Apply Feather to selection Feather radius ay ee eee E Max number of pixels processed 000000 Tolerance for automatic classification 20 Add Puta Original data Stretched data Seed pixel 1 5 1 The tool works in the following way when you click in an area on the image once magic wand 15 active the algorithm search for pixels similar to the one that was clicked Depending on the settings above the search for similar pixels can be very narrow or very wide It is better to start off with lower threshold settings and you can view the results If you are not happy with results you can adjust the threshold settings You are also able to run the algorithm on the orginal data or the stretched data It is recommended to use the original data Below figure shows the result when clicking an area in an image
47. d R M 001 4 2 G Cancel Iv TODTETMb432 Band B Scatter plot analisys E band Theme containing polygons to Training areas be used as Spectral Signatures 1129 areas Attribute of spectral signatures polygons LCCSCode containing the class name Extents where classification is to be calculated 1 Cl assification type A Y Minimum Distance Maximum Likelihood Minimum 490000 225979 4332 Tolerance for pixel assigment to a Maximum 51 0000 1 205973 4332 class expressed in multiples of 2 0 211111 standard deviaton Cellsize to use in classification 28 49002849002 Appia filter to the 2 times process Output polygons theme Smoothing factor for polygons io es a borders 1 one time raster cellsize Minimum polygons area 20 in number of pixel The raster bands you would like to use in the classification must be selected There is no restriction on the number of bands that can be used To check the scatter plot of the distribution of pixels within your training areas can be seen by clicking the Scatter plot Analysis button Your training areas should have a concentrated grouping of pixels and the training area classes should be easily distinguishable from each other i e there should be no overlap of classes otherwise your classification will not be a good one See below three land cover classes that have been assi
48. dCat does not function on Windows Vista Business 64 bit operating system but this will be fixed in subsequent releases GLEN MApping Device Chan MAnnping Device Change Analysis Toot Application date 26 03 09 ee Version 3 1 MadCat Device Change Analisi Tool ts software mainly devoted to aptimazing the production of vector polygon based maps The software includes a module for change assessment and analysis Copyright 2008 72012 a Table of contents ATION EREE TOOL S saat cata vacant as 7 Project qmandose mie HE censum e Magura A 7 er en mente ere Mente Serre ML M nee rte M MP 7 OPE WEROJEC TG 7 SAVE PROJE TA N A E 7 SAVE PROJECTA S T T EN OTEN A E 8 RASTER MANAGER c odo tit tato qtue ean Pu stam beue 8 LOAD SEGMENTATION T 9 EOADOLRAININGE AREAS A 9 EOAD nup dii p mas ree eee ee ene 9 OPEN ECCS STYLE CEGEND a cis ronis Ups Usi 10 CREATE USE RADE PIN ED EEGENDS a 10 USERSDEPINED LIEGE ru atus 11 CLOSE LCES
49. e NDVI GeoVISpro Then choose the bands to use in the calculation in this case bands 4 and 3 R IR and specify the formula in the calculation field B A Raster bands arithmetic M 001 432 Band v 001 432 Band G TOO1ETMb432 Band GBR GBR GBR 490000 1225979 4332 510000 1205979 4332 28 43002843002 Once you are happy with the formula click ok and the NDVI raster will be created as below 16 TOOIETMb432 72 If you would like to see how other formulas can be calculated press the Help for Formulas button when you have the tool open Operator Function and Constant Index Description Unary minus operator Minus operator Not logical operator Returns 1 if x is 0 else returns 1 Not equal logical operator Returns 1 if true 0 if false Modulo find remainder of the division of by v And logical operator Returns 1 if true 0 false UF es ees eee isFinite value isN an value Returns 1 if the number is a NaN value Natural logarithm log Of Base 10 logarithm Returns larger of a set of values max x y 2 Returns larger of three values max x y Returns larger of two values min v1 3 Returns smaller of a set of values minix yz Returns smaller of three values min x y Returns smaller of two values rand min max Random value between min and max Random value hehiieen
50. ection Topological acquisition Vector detail Settings for conversion to polygons Topological Over Non T opological Griginal data Stretched data Seedpixet 1 5 3 13 It is recommended to capture polygons with full topology otherwise you will have the problem of overlapping polygons You have three options for topological acquisition Over Under and Intersect Please see the previous section Adding polygons The last tab is Vector Detail Here you can specify how complex the captured polygons should be 44 Settings for Magic Wand tool tolerante apine aot detai En mener Tin Erates It is recommended to keep the default level at Medium Too many vertices High can cause problems when working with large datasets ADD VERTEX TO POLYGON Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Add vertex to polygon Add a new vertex to selected polygon Add a new vertex to selected polygon and edit the existing ones If your polygon is not quite right and you need to slightly adjust the borders you can move vertices to new positions Click on the Add Vertex button click inside the polygon to highlight the existing vertices and then move a vertex by clicking on it and dragging to the new position REMOVE VERTEX FROM POLYGON Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Remove vertex from polygon Remove vertex from selected polygon Remove vertex fr
51. egmentation TA Save training areas Save extra layer AE Seve dots Show changes basic report Show changes extended report SAVE SEGMENTATION Actions tree EXPORTING DATA Save segmentation Save the segmentation as an external shapefile Save the polygon theme with a new name E SAVE TRAINING AREAS Actions tree EXPORTING DATA Save training areas Save the training areas as an external shapefile Save the polygon theme with a new name SAVE EXTRA LAYER Actions tree EXPORTING DATA Save extra layer Save the extra layer as an external shapefile Save the polygon theme with a new name SAVE DOTS Actions tree EXPORTING DATA Save dots Save dots of extra layer as an external point shapefile Save the point theme with a new name SHOW CHANGES BASIC REPORT Actions tree EXPORTING DATA Show changes basic report Generate a short report of code changes SHOW CHANGES EXTENDED REPORT Actions tree EXPORTING DATA Show changes extended report Generate a report of code changes 61 MENU ITEMS This section lists all menu items Most MadCat tools are available as menu items consequently only the functions that are not covered previously under the Action Tree Tools are explained here Menu FILE Show changes basic report File Edt View Tools Applications Window 7 SS project Open project Ctd O m Save project
52. elected polygons will be merged together If no polygon is selected the application shows a specific window to define dissolving criteria Dissolve adjacent polygons specifying joining criteria If polygons with the same code are adjacent to each other they will be dissolved to form one polygon This helps reduce the size of the dataset and is useful when aggregating data Click the Dissolve tool and mark the dissolve criteria in the dialog box that appears MadCat will the process and will notify you on the progress of the operation BEFORE DI SSOLVE 47 Dissolving polygons Ea MainLayer dissolving of Dissolve procedure Do not take inta account code and attribute Dissolve if code is equal Dissolve if all attributes have the same values Dissolve if code and all attributes have the same values Dissolve on attribute CODE Dissolve on a subset of attributes Select attributes gt SUBCOD SUBCOD3 CODE Code UserLabel Fuzzy tolerance 0 001 Dissolying polygons Calculating boundary arcs 1 70 of 2483 71 00 DISSOLVE EMPTY ATTRIBUTES TABLE Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Empty attributes table Delete all attributes of all features COPY SELECTED FEATURES TO Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Copy selected fetaures to Copy selected features to a different la
53. eset current ROI Reset Region Of Interest SAVE SELECTION AS ROI Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Save selection as ROI Save current Region Of Interest SHOW CURRENT ROI Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Show current ROI Zoom and show current ROI 21 Segmentation These tools allow you to create segments or polygons based on the pixel values in the images loaded in the MadCat project Segmentatidn Segment to raster Raster supervised classification gt Define segmentation table BER Show segmentation table pa Query segmentation table um Edit polygons 5 Fas Add selected polygons to training Edit segmentation symbology aa Set stroked symbology Set unique values filled symbology 29 Set ramp filled symbology Set LECS symbology SEGMENT RASTER Actions tree SEGMENTATION Segment to raster This function uses N raster bands as input and produces an output raster that contains different colours for each homogeneous zone The input parameters control 1 the smoothing that has to be applied to input images in order to smooth the sharp radiometric changes 2 the average dimension of zones in term of number of pixels 3 the minimum dimension of output zones Segment to Raster allows the user to automatically generate polygons from a satellite images The 150 clustering algorithm creates homogenous polygons from similar pixel values of the underlying r
54. est Band Scalter plot analisys test Band G Cellsize to use in classification process k 28 490028490028489 Theme containing polygons to be used as Spectral Signatures Training aea Attribute of spectral signatures polygons containing the class name test Band HD vI Band bares nm Z1 1 1 1 185I8IRI Classification type Tolerance for pixel assigment to pp 20 class expressed multiples of Minimum Distance Maximum Likelihood standard deviaton Theme containing polygons to be classified Seamentation Below is an example of the result with each polygon being assigned a land cover code based on the class assigned to the training areas 92 8H Polygons Segmentation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 UNSUPERVISED CLUSTER OF POLYGONS Actions tree AUTOMATIC CLUSTERING Unsupervised cluster of polygons The function implements an ISODATA clustering algorithm that automatically subdivides polygons in a number of classes based spectral values of their pixels in a number of input raster User can specify the desired number of classes the maximum number of iteration of the algorithm and the desired convergence threshold The clusterization is object based in the sense that each polygon is represented by a tuple containing the Mean Standard Deviation of its pixels in the input raster bands This tool does not need train
55. fed Herbaceous Two Crop Combination of Rainfed Herbaceous Cro Herbaceous Crop Two Crop Herbaceous Crop Two Crop Shrub Plantation Undifferentiated Herbaceous Crop Two Crop Combination of Shrub Plantation and Combination of Shrub Plantation and Hainfed Herbaceous Twa Crop re Hainfed Herbaceous Twa Crop re Shrub Plantation Undifferentiated Combination of Shrub Plantation and Rainfed Herbaceous Crop Two Crop re Combination of Shrub Plantation and Shrub Plantation Undifferentiated The table toolbar looks like the one in the diagram below A brief explanation of each tool from left to right follows Print eb makes a print out of the table to the selected printer Print Printer Name WANNETTESHP Lasenet 1200 Series Properties Status Ready Type HP LaserJet 1200 Series PCL Where LPT1 Comment Print range Copies Number of copies E Rages fram ta C Selection Query define a query by clicking on the attributes and operators The Query button in MadCat is very similar to the Query builder of ArcView 33 SUBCOD3 Add to selection Unselect 1 2HR You can create a New Selection Add to a selection or Unselect using a query Find find a record based on an attribute
56. gend in LCCS style Once you have created your user defined legend in the previous step you can open and edit your legend Please note only user defined legends can be edited in this way and not legends that are created using LCCS The legend has to be opened before it can be edited CLOSE LCCS STYLE LEGEND Actions tree PROJ ECT MANAGEMENT Close LCCS Style legend Close the LCCS style legend Close and remove the LCCS legend from the MadCat project E CODING SETTINGS Actions tree PROJ ECT MANAGEMENT Coding settings Set parameter for change coding by polygon E CODE CURRENT THEME WITH LCCS Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Code current theme with LCCS Use LCCS Coding tools to code the features of current layer This tool adds the LCCS fields UserLabel and LCCSCode to an existing vector layer This is to prepare the layer for polygon code via the LCCS legend SHOW LCCS LEGEND Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Show LCCS legend Show current LCCS legend window Activates and displays the LCCS legend in the MadCat project The legend has to be previously loaded with Open LCCS Style Legend HIDE 5 LEGEND Actions tree PROJ ECT MANAGEMENT Hide LCCS legend Hide current 5 legend window This tool hides the LCCS legend in the MadCat project This does not remove the legend but only makes it invisible in the project so as the create space for the user To activate and display
57. gned to various training areas Scatter plot visualization from spectral signatures Band axis 2 band Band on 7 axis TOWMETMb432bandG Classes to show on the scatter plot 11498 2145042374 21499 Use the LCCSCode or Userlabel for the attribute in the training areas polygons that will be used to assign the land cover class to the output of the supervised classification Choose the area extent where the supervised classification is to be done The default is the whole image The cell size to use in the classification is the resolution of the input image It is recommended to use this default setting You can choose the algorithm to use in the classification process Either Minimum Distance or Maximum Likelihood Please consult the image interpretation literature for more information on these algorithms The tolerance setting applies a standard deviation to the distribution of pixel values and searches for pixels within the number of standard deviations you specify The lower the number the more robust the classification Specify the number of times to run a Majority filter in the classification process 30 Apply smoothing factor to the output polygons It is recommended to keep this as zero as you can always run a smoothing process at the end of your classification Specify the size of the smallest polygo
58. he F8 key This allows you to control what later is currently being viewed and to see what layers are loaded in the project Segmentation POLYGONS 0 objects Training areas POLYGONS 0 objects il Extra layer POLYGONS D objects TOQIETMb432 RASTER C Craig FAONMADC 0 RASTER GBR RASTER Newly created raster CALCULATE RASTER ARITHMETIC ese Actions tree RASTER TOOLS Calculate raster arithmetic Build new bands by applying complex mathematical formulas to existing raster bands This function can be used to produce for instance NDVI User has the choice to normalize the result of raster arithmetic so that output values will always be in the 0 255 range This tool allow the user to create new raster based on arithmetic operation on using the exisiting bands in the loaded images The example we will use is to create an NDVI raster The formula for NDVI is R IR The first step is to create a field in the polygon vector table where the values will be recorded You will then have a polygon file with associated NDVI values for each polygon To create a numeric field in the table of attributes of the vector file go to Segmentation Define Segmentation Table New field 15 The next step is to apply the formula for NDVI analysis or other mathematic operators go to Raster Tool Calculate raster arithmetic and complete a name for the new raster In this cas
59. ine the type character numeric and the width of the field List of POLYGONS attributes NAME DESCRIP LECSCode 100 0 UserLabel C 255 0 LOCSPetc C 100 0 Area STD 25 1 area Attribute properties setting E 3 x soi Character Numeric width 100 Decimals Description Mew Delete Move Down Move Up Delete all Save attribute list as Load attribute list from Cancel You also have the option to Modify existing fields Delete fields and adjust the order of the fields in table using Move Up Move Down The attribute list will be saved in a file and can the be loaded as attributes to other tables without having to re create each field again LCCSCode E 100 UserLabel E 255 0 LCCSPerc C 100 0 0 New Modify STD 25 10 Polygonarea Delete SOIL_TYPE E 100 0 Select attributes file Move Down Save in 3 Demo v E3 Move Delete all Save attribute list as Load attribute list from K File name Segements sis Cancel Save astype avbuestie Ca H 4 A nice feature of MadCat is the Add Look Up attribute button This allows you to select attributes from existing table In the example below we have linked to an external tab
60. ing areas as input It divides the segmentation polygons into a number of classes without an LCCS class assigned The tool uses the ISODATA algorithm 152008 b _ This function cluster polygons of segmentation layer without using signature the user can specify the number of classes add CLASS attribute to segmentation polygons Unsupervised clusterization of polygons using ISODATA algorithm List of raster bands Ar touse in the v TDOTETMb432 Band Classification v 2 Band G Noe Cancel process v 432 Band B test Band test Band test Band B Cellsize to use in classification 4 process 28 490028490028489 Number of classes ta generate for polygos subdivision 0 Maximun number of iterations of ISODATA algorithm 20 95 0 If from an iteration ta the other the percentage of polygons for which class is not changed exceeds this value then the procedure will terminate before reching the masimum number of iterations Theme containing polygons p be clusterized Segmentation Convergence threshold expressed in percentage of unchanged polygos between iterations Again the user should specify the input imagery to use The user can set the number of classes to be created as well us the number of iterations of the algorithm The convergence threshold can also be set In
61. le that has values for aggregated agriculture It contains a description and an id field Select the look up field This is the field where you will be able to choose values available in the external table You can also set computed fields where a field in the polygon table will be calculated according to what you choose in another field this example the field ID will be calculated according to what is chosen in the AGNAME field This is a nice option because the description and its associated 10 field will be automatically calculated just by specifying the value of one field 32 Look up attribute setup External table D sshared T raining 4fricovertemp Geovis_traininglag_geldBA Select external table Name of selected Look Up field Y Computed attributes d i Delete mM Attribute VALORE AGG 10 AGG ID Value AGIB Record selection Allow selection among all records Selection attribute for Show only records selected by WHERE operator Selection attribute for LIKE Show only records selected by LIKE operator AGID Once you have specified all the conditions press OK To view the options available to you in when assigning attributes double click the applicable field in the Polygon attribute table and the available options will appear in a drop down list Set attribute value Attribute Value Hain
62. ls on how to add and edit polygons When defining training areas it is important to carefully define the training areas Training areas should be as uniform as possible and should be coded with a land cover class from the LCCS legend for proper results See below for an example of coded training areas for a forested area and an agricultural area E E 39 SET TRAINING AREAS SYMBOLOGY Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Set training areas symbology Customize the representation of the polygons by setting the attribute of thematic visualization the interval of classification and the symbol type See under Set Segmentation Symbology section TA SET STROKED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Set stroked symbology Set a single stroked not filled symbol for current layer See under Set Segmentation Symbology section SET UNIQUE VALUES FILLED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Set unique values filled symbology E Create a UNIQUE VALUE filled legend for current layer See under Set Segmentation Symbology section SET RAMP FILLED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Set ramp filled symbology E Create a COLOR RAMP filled legend for current layer See under Set Segmentation Symbology section T SET LCCS SYMBOLOGY Actions tree TRAINING AREAS Set LCCS symbology Use LCCS symbology See under Set Segmentation Symbology section 40 Drawing by polygons
63. n EH Clipping parameters Clipped portion X T Upper Left 51 19 4738 Lower Right fi 0239 9476 Size clipped portion 72775680 Automatically translate raster to current exter Rows 14214 Columns 5359 Optimize raster loading with TN RaDEx Bits number x pixel 4 Raster information C Do not optimize raster loading Uncompressed size 654895836 Taster reduced time You can load as many images as you like and you can also add single band imagery here for doing band composites shown under Raster tools action tree Load RDE loads Terranova Radex raster files to the project Open an existing RDE file from a connection with a TN RaDEx server RaDEx is a compression algorithm that optimises the display of raster datasets When you import a raster dataset using the reduced time or reduced space options MadCat automatically creates an rde file for allowing quick viewing of images when zooming in or out It is based on pyramids which record the original data in decreasing levels of resolution The coarsest level of resolution is used to quickly draw the entire dataset As you zoom in layers with finer resolutions are drawn performance is maintained because you re drawing successively smaller areas Save selected raster and Save all raster allows user to export the raster files to different format with various options for different com
64. n in your output dataset This will depend on the scale of your classification and the selected minimum mappable area When you are satisfied with your settings press OK to begin the classification process Below are the results a Classified polygon layer coded with LCCS land cover classes 5 DEFINE SEGMENTATION TABLE Actions tree SEGMENTATION Define segmentation table Edit attributes structure of current feature This allows the user to add user defined attributes and standard attributes to the segmentation table The procedures shown here will be the same for Define Training Areas Table and for Define Extra Layer table except that the operation will be performed on different polygon layers Therefore the procedures will not be repeated under those action tools m Ez Attribute definition Code UserLabel 5 Perimeter save attribute list as The attribute fields for LCCSCode Userlabel and LCCSPerc are automatically created in the table when you code the polygons with LCCS codes 3l To add standard attributes click the Add Standard Attribute button You can add fields for Area and coordinates 105 and Perimeter When these are added the table will automatically be populated with the values To add new attributes to the table click on the New button You will be prompted to give a name def
65. nd then right clicking to end the polygon The polygon added first takes preference and the new polygon is added under the first one The result is two polygons In topology terms this is called the Under option Existing polygons are given preference and the new polygons are added Under the existing ones No overlaps will occur SHIFT KEY The option above illustrates what happens when the Shift button is pressed Before starting to add the polygon press the Shift key and hold it in while left clicking to add the polygon Right click as normal to end the polygon while still holding the Shift key in The result is three polygons with the third one being the area of overlap between the two polygons This is called the Intersect option In the overlapping area a new polygon is created 42 CTRL KEY The option above illustrates what happens when the Ctrl button is pressed Before starting to add the polygon press the Ctrl key and hold it in while left clicking to add the polygon Right click as normal to end the polygon while still holding the Ctrl key in The result is two polygons but this time the one added second takes preference and is added over the first polygon This is called the Over option in topology terms The new polygons added are given preference and overwrites the existing polygons MAGIC WAND Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Magic wand Add polygons into active polygon theme using a magi
66. ns tree EXTRA LAYER Set extra layer symbology Customize the representation of the polygons by setting the attribute of thematic visualization the interval of classification and the symbol type See under Set Segmentation Symbology section SET STROKED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree EXTRA LAYER Set stroked symbology Set a single stroked not filled symbol for current layer See under Set Segmentation Symbology section SET UNIQUE VALUES FILLED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree EXTRA LAYER Set unique values filled symbology Create a UNIQUE VALUE filled legend for current layer See under Set Segmentation Symbology section 59 SET RAMP FILLED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree EXTRA LAYER Set ramp filled symbology Create e COLOR RAMP filled legend for current layer See under Set Segmentation Symbology section SET LCCS SYMBOLOGY Actions tree EXTRA LAYER Set LCCS symbology Use LCCS symbology See under Set Segmentation Symbology section 60 Exporting data The Exporting data Action tree allows the user to save any layer to an external shapefile You can rename the shapefiles and choose a location on your hard drive to save your products Shapefile layers segmentation training areas extra layer and dot grid are all saved when you save your project This step can be used for extra backup of your work or if you would like to export your data to open in another GIS software Save s
67. oding of polygons The result can be seen below Coding of polygons will be dealt with later in this manual File Edit View Tools Applications Window 6600605 QUE mp mm LCCSL d TL d egend TLegen Project management f A Raster manager 3 Load segmentation TRA Load training areas Load extra layer Open LCCS Style legend 1 Cultivated and Managed Terrestie 1BAN 1FLPL 1GA THClmis Data from 1HClmis inter LCCS 1HCsis database 1HCspf Edit user defined legend SE Close 105 Style legend Set LCCS attributes 8 current theme with LCC _ _ FM 4 m anch LC andom Cc 3orders 2 T t rangg k Code 11445 Classifiers ASB2XKKXXD1 LCCS Label Small Sized Field s Of Rainfed He User Description Rainfed Herbaceous Sma Raster tools ROI segmentation selection You will notice eight numbered buttons at the top of the legend i2 o These correspond to the eight major classes of LCCS You can display all the classes at once or only one at a time The example above shows all of the eight classes ticked and therefore visible in MadCat and class 7 Artificial waterbodies snow and ice is expanded All 1 2 3 4 5 eff to show all the classes that fall under that major class
68. om selected polygon To remove a vertex click on the Remove Vertex button and then click on the vertex you would like to remove SPLIT POLYGON Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Split polygon Split the selected polygon 45 Split the selected polygon Click the Split Polygon tool select the polygon you would like to split by clicking on it It will then be highlighted in green Now click the starting point of the line where the split should be making sure to start outside the polygon Click along the line to split until you get to the end where you will right click to end the line again making sure to finish outside the polygon The polygon will be split along this line and the overshoots you made at the beginning and end of the line will be deleted to preserve topology NB You cannot Undo while editing in MadCat so make sure you make no mistakes If you do you will have to begin again Start point End by right clicking Merge two adjacent polygons Merge two adjacent polygons Click the Merge Polygon tool and then select the first polygon to merge It will be highlighted in green as shown below i Select first Select second polygon to b polygon to merge lt merge b Select the other polygon you would like to merge and the two separate polygons will be merged to form one Right click or Esc to disable the merge operation Be sure you know which polygons to merge befo
69. on Tree 68 BACKGROUND COLOR Menu item PROJECT SETTINGS Background color Set the background of the view Change the background colour for the MadCat Project The default colour is white Color 2 Basic colors NI MISI BEI RUBBER SIZE Menu item PROJECT SETTINGS Rubber size Set the size of rubber selection tool Change the size of the selection rubber when using the rubber selection tool You can enter a number from 1 10 The smaller the number the smaller the selection area of the rubber tool It is recommended to keep the default setting is 1 As the rubber size increases it becomes difficult to control the interactive selection Rubber size 1 10 _ SET SELECTION TRANSPARENT SOLID Menu item PROJECT SETTINGS Set selection transparent solid Toggle selection between transparent and solid state Sets the selected polygons to be transparent or solid fills SHOW THEMES WINDOW F8 Menu item INTERFACE SETTINGS Show themes window F8 Show hide theme window Tools Window Applications Project settings LOCS legend settings Toggle actions tree Main nm Toggle visualization mode Macro This tool allows you to toggle between the Themes Window The Themes Window shows which layers are loaded in the project and allows you to switch layers on and off The shortcut to access this tool is the F8 key 69 Segmentation
70. ons that you believe are the same class you can check on the scatter plot distribution of the pixel values within that polygon Scatter plot visualization from spectral signatures Band on X axis 432 band Band on Y axis In the case above the scatter plot shows that the distribution of pixels with the selected polygons has almost no relation to each other This could mean to your polygons should be separate classes You will need to make another selection of different polygons In most cases your scatter plot should look similar to the one below with a concentration of simlar pixel values 55 Scatter plot visualization from spectral signatures Band on axis TOO1ETMb432 band Band on Y axis Once you are happy with the scatter plot go back to the Smart Label interface and click the Expand Classification button The algorithm will now look for polygons with similar pixel values to your selection within the search radius you specified Smart labeling x List of bands to use in the classification Classification tolerance process for smart labeling Es Raster bands times the standard deviation TOOIETMb432 Band v TOOIETMb432 Band G Radius 5000 Expand classification v 2 Band Undo gt v Preserve codified polygons test Band pe 1 Scatter plot analisys test Band G te
71. ou can use the Themes Manage F8 to control what is displayed in each window Note that now the theme window had View UL Upper Left View UR Upper Right View LL Lower Left and View LR Lower Right By clicking each of these tabs you can control what layers can be view in each window UNIQUE WINDOW Menu item WINDOW Unique window Shows all geographical data in an unique window TWO HORIZONTAL WINDOWS Menu item WINDOW Two horizontal windows Shows all geographical data in two windows horizontally arranged TWO VERTICAL WINDOWS Menu item WINDOW Two vertical windows Shows all geographical data in two windows vertically arranged FOUR WINDOWS Menu item WINDOW Four windows Shows all geographical data in four windows SYNCRONI ZE MULTI PLE WINDOWS Menu item WINDOW Syncronize multiple windows Open a dialog box to set the syncronization between all additional windows 1 2 and 3 and the Main window To synchronise all the windows so that you can zoom in and out and pan on the various windows and all the other windows will automatically zoom to the same area simply click this tool 48735505363 1213352 031233 18 1 73 Menu Help contents F1 Check upgrades About GeoVIS HELP CONTENTS F1 Menu item Help contents F1 Show user manual CHECK UPGRADES Menu item Check upgrades Check on line if a new version is available
72. owse and move back and forth between the selected polygons MOVE TO FIRST POLYGON Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Move to first polygon Move to first item of CURSOR list MOVE TO NEXT POLYGON Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Move to next polygon Move to next item of CURSOR list MOVE TO PREVIOUS POLYGON Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Move to previous polygon Move to previous item of CURSOR list MOVE TO LAST POLYGON Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Move to last polygon Move to last item of CURSOR list 20 REMOVE ITEM FROM CURSOR Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Remove item from CURSOR Remove current item from CURSOR list This tool will remove the active polygon from the cursor list SHOW CURRENT ROI Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Show current ROI Select and show all polygons contained in CURSOR list This will zoom out to the extent of all the selected polygons in the cursor list LOAD ROI POLYGONS SELECTION Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST Load ROI polygons selection Load a Region Of Interest roi selection of polygons shp shapefile The ROI tools have a very similar function as the above Cursor tools but only save the region of interest with the selected polygons When loaded it also shows a summary of how many polygons are selected RESET CURRENT ROI Actions tree CURSOR REGION OF INTEREST R
73. pixels are summed for each polygon and a probability of change is assigned to the polygon in the range 0 100 For each polygon the procedure also calculates the total area of changed pixels APPLY PATTERN RECOGNITION FILTER Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON Apply pattern recognition filter This function uses a pattern recognition filter on each polygon to highlight differences on raster texture For each polygon one or more textural index are calculated considering two sets of raster bands then to each polygon a new attribute TextDiff is added with the higher index difference found At the end a polygon selection is performed on the basis of n user defined threshold CROSS CORRELATION ANALISYS Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON Cross correlation analisys This function generates a new raster with highly probable changed pixels comparing each pixel with a spectral signature extracted from all pixels inside all polygons of same class All pixels inside the polygons of same class are compared with the spectral signature automatically calculated for that class and the pixels outside the tolerance are defined as CHANGED The user can set raster bands to use and the tolerance At the end a new raster is generated CODING SETTINGS Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON Coding settings Set parameter for change coding by polygon ENABLE SETTING 1 Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON
74. pression types Unload selected raster and Unload all raster removes the raster layers from the project This does not delete the raster from the hard drive 1 LOAD SEGMENTATION Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Load segmentation Open an existing shapefile with polygon features This tool allows the user to add a polygon shapefile to the project Normally the polygons are the segments that result from the automatic segmentation of raster imagery Below is an example of a segmentation layer overlaid with a satellite image ga GLCN MadCat MApping Device Change Analysis Tool File Edit View Tools Applications Window 680000596 x8 Project management Nome Data acquisizione Tag 450 105 S shp Collegamenti preferiti S Risorse recenti Desktop Altro Open LCCS Style legend Raster tools ROI segmentation selection Segmentation Cartelle v Jj ETHIOPIA2 INTERPRETERS 4 TO DANIELA Training areas 4 Pr Do 450 Drawing by polygons current layer J IMG Automatic clustering d SEG Gene detection by polygon Nome JET Load Vector layers Segmentation Training Area Extra layer Choose Shapefile TRA LOAD TRAINING AREAS Actions tree PROJECT MANAGEMENT Load training areas Open an existing shapefile with polygon feature
75. process v TOD1ETMb432 Band test Band Theme containing polygons to Training areas be used as Spectral Signatures I ining areas Attribute of spectral signatures polygons lose M containing the class name LCCSCode Classification type Minimum Distance Maximum Likelihood Theme containing polygons to be classified Segmentation Scatter plot visualization from spectral signatures Band on X axis 432 Band on Y axis band G Classes to show on the scatter plot Tolerance for pixel assigment to a class expressed in multiples of OK Scatter plot analisys Cellsize to use in classification 26 430028430028483 Once you are happy with the setting press ok and process will begin Below is an example of the segmentation polygons now all classified with an LCCS code based on the training areas and the pixel values within the training areas LOCS Logani 12 Emand AB 3 2 2 s 6 1 Cultreatend and Managed Fuels 1 2 and Semi Terrestial Vegetation 4 Natal and aud a Flooded Vi 5 Anhicil Sutaces and Associated L B s Naaa Seow and Ice Now open the segmentation table under Segmentation Action T
76. re you begin as the Merge operation cannot be Undone re 46 DELETE POLYGONS Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Delete polygons Delete the selected polygons Delete the selected polygons Click on the Delete Polygons tool and then click on the polygon to be deleted The operation cannot be Undone DELETE ALL POLYGONS Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Delete all polygons Delete all polygons of current layer ELIMINATE SMALL POLYGONS Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Eliminate small polygons Delete polygons with area less than a specified value The small polygon become part of the nearest one Delete polygons with area less than a specified value The small polygons become part of the nearest one Click on the Eliminate Small Polygons button Type in the value MadCat will eliminate all polygons with an area smaller than the one you specify MadCat uses the map units of your data Make sure then that your data is in metres Tolerance setting Deleting polygons of area lesser After the task is complete MadCat will tell you how many polygons were deleted and there fore below the specified area tolerance Tera Nova 5 Polygon deletion completed M 4 polygons deleted DISSOLVE POLYGONS Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Dissolve polygons If current theme contains selected polygons all s
77. reates a random single stroked hatching to the polygons Um SET UNIQUE VALUES FILLED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree SEGMENTATION Set unique values filled symbology Create a UNIQUE VALUE filled legend for current layer Generates a random colour and assigns it to a unique polygon code based on the values in the attribute table All that is required is to select which field to use as the unique polygon fill 8 SET RAMP FILLED SYMBOLOGY Actions tree SEGMENTATION Set ramp filled symbology Create a COLOUR filled legend for current layer Creates a colour ramp based on a field specified by the user Once you have selected the field to use choose the appropriate begin and end colour of the colour ramp oJ zix Select color ramp E E 27 Bi Fi EESTE 5 SET 5 SYMBOLOGY Actions tree SEGMENTATION Set 5 symbology Use LCCS symbology Sets the polygon colours to be the same as the colours in the LCCS legend Only polygons that have an LCCS code will be assigned a colour LECS Legend Himalaya_12 Expand At af 5 2 None T Lobos Display ANT 2 Ned E Natural and Semi Natural Terrestial Vegetation 2HCO 2HCO 1H 2HS 2HS 6BR 25 0 2504 255 2554 2TCObe 2TSbe 2TSne 2TSne 72TSbe 38 Training areas Training areas are a polygon layer that you can use to do supervised classifications of the imagery loaded in the
78. ree Show Segmentation Table This tool is very useful as it gives you the probability percentage that a polygon belongs to a certain land cover class based on the classes in the training areas 51 Polygons Segmentation Table Attribute Record gt 2 232072791617 91 42 21450 12374 1 2 45295898 5722 11498 60 16 21450 12374 29 56 21499 3 11498 2113619 20763 11498 95 50 21450 12374 4 08 21499 0 11498 21915 4065307 498 36 30 21490 12374 3 0 0 00 5 0 21499 96590 1250801 21438 58 42 21450 12374 31 58 0 00 6 0 21450 12374 97401 8068034 21450 1 71 22 21499 28 78 0 00 0 66557 9013156 11498 77 42 21450 12374 19 35 21499 3 23 8 0 11498 275160 104220 11498 96 37 21450 12374 3 39 21499 0 24 9 0 11498 25973 8151476 11498 100 00 0 00 0 00 10 0 11498 27597 1785342 11498 100 00 0 00 0 00 11 0 11498 65746 2195923 11498 95 70 21450 12374 4 30 0 00 12 0 11498 28408 8603177 11438 100 00 0 00 0 00 13 0 21450 12374 30032 2237643 21450 1 87 80 11498 12 20 0 00 14 0 11498 228082 564264 11498 96 33 21450 12374 3 33 21499 0 33 15 0 21450 12374 18668 6796373 21450 1 67 86 21499 32 14 0 00 16 0 11498 211848 929797 11498 99 64 21450 12374 0 36 0 00 17 0 43019 1313383 21450 1 50 91 11498 40 00 21499 9 09 18 0 21499 19480 3613607 21438 69 23 21450 12374 30 77 0 00 For example the highlighted polygon above is land co
79. s This tool allows the user to add a polygon shapefile to the project Training areas refer to polygons that have been generated by the user to automatically or semi automatically classify the segment polygons Training areas represent areas of known land cover classes More detail on this will follow under the Automatic clustering action tree See diagram under Load Segmentation LOAD EXTRA LAYER Actions tree PROJ ECT MANAGEMENT Load extra layer Open an existing shapefile with polygon features This tool allows the user to add a polygon shapefile to the project This is normally used when the user has 9 an existing polygon shapefile that can assist in the land cover classification process Example in include vegetation layer or land form layer See diagram under Load Segmentation OPEN LCCS STYLE LEGEND Actions tree PROJ ECT MANAGEMENT Open LCCS Style legend Open a legend in LCCS style To open a legend that has been created in the Land Cover Classification System LCCS one can use Open LCCS Style Legend A legend has be created and saved via the LCCS Software and land cover classes created Please refer to the LCCS version 2 manuals for details regarding LCCS concepts and how to create a legend using LCCS software Once that is done you can browse for the mdb that contains your legend by default LCCS saves this as Lccs20 mdb You can then open this legend in MadCat to allow for easy c
80. section tools The first step in this process would be to make sure that you have a polygon layer either loaded manually or generated using the Segment to Raster function The next step is to load an LCCS legend using Open LCCS Style legend You should have a project that looks similar to below 27 Tur Eesi 2 papse Due MOTTE OST TS TS NT med AHO STH Ed 2H5 GBR 2T Une T CDs 2T5be 2T5ne l AT T pane Son edens Vanna Next you should select the polygons that you would like to code using one of the section methods described in the previous section lenge re Dm PATS TS None 2HCO 2HCO 1H 2HS 2HS 6BR 25 0 2504 255 2554 2TCObe 2TCOne 2TCOne 2TCObe 2TSbe 2TSne 2TSne 2TSbe 4 LaunchLCCS Refresh Random Color Borders IV Code LO V Classifiers LCCS Label Sparse Short Herbaceous Vegetation User Description Sparse 1 15 short Herbaceous Vegetation Once you have the selection you can double click the LCCS code you would like to assign to the polygons and the polygons will be coded You can verify this by activating the Labels tick box and resizing the labels LCCS Legend Himalaya_12 i Expand 1 2 4 5 e None Labels Display ANT 2 None y E M 2 Natural and Semi Natural Terrestial Vegetation POR 2HCO 2HCO 1H 2 5 2
81. st Band x Expanded selection Original selection Once you are happy with your selections you can double click the apporaite code in the LCCS legend and code all the selected polygons at the same time L 2 Natural and Semi Natural T errestial Vegetation 2HCO 2HCO 1H 2HS 2HS 6BR 25 0 2509 255 2554 2TCObe 2TCOne 2TCOne 2TCObe 2TSbe 2TSne 2TSne 2TSbe Launch Lccs Refresh Random Color _Borders s Code DE Fe UAE cu we Classifiers A382080894DIET LCCS Label Broadleaved Evergreen Closed to Open Trees Description Trees Closed to Open 15 100 Broadleaved E vergi s EIE ECTS E E ES E ST T E 56 Change detection by polygon Change detbction by polygon Detect change by pixel values ms Apply pattem recognition filter ao correlation analisys Coding settings Enable setting 1 FAB Enable setting 2 LCC Enable setting 3 Enable setting 4 Set LCCS CHANGE symbology CHANGE DETECT CHANGE BY PIXEL VALUES Actions tree CHANGE DETECTION BY POLYGON Detect change by pixel values This function calculates the probability that polygons are changed between two different dates by considering two sets of raster bands Each pixel is evaluated and considered changed if the difference in spectral value between corresponding bands exceeds a threshold The changed
82. t a later stage You are also able to match the histogram stretch of another raster image Ta CAPTURE RGB COMBINATION AS RASTER THEME Actions tree RASTER TOOLS Capture RGB combination as raster theme Creation of a new raster capturing current raster settings stretching RGB combination etc This tool allows you to save a band combination as created in Set RGB Combination as a new raster that is loaded in the MadCat project 14 In the above screen shot a band combination of 324 has been created Double click Capture RGB combination tool and you will be asked to give and name to the raster layer Not that this tool will also save the image in its stretched format Current rasters capture on a theme x Extents of area where raster is to be captured Minimum 490000 225979 4332 Maximum 51 0000 205373 4332 Dutput image width 702 5 height 702 Cellsize of output raster 26 4900284900284 Memory in MB 1 410 is to be generated Next you will be asked which extent you would like to save You can effectively clip a piece out of the existing raster To keep the full extent accept the default values To ensure capturing the full image extent it is recommended that the capture be done with the raster in a single window view not 2 or 4 windows set to maximum extent The image is now saved in the project To verify that the layer has been created open the Themes manager by hitting t
83. this example the 95 means that if through the algorithm iteration process the class of the polygon is the same 95 of the time then the algorithm will stop before it gets to the 20 iterations specified above The result of this process is shown below 53 If you open the segmentation table you will see that classes have been assigned to all polygons It is now up to the user to apply the appropriate LCCS land cover class to each of these classes Use the Query tool button to select each Class in turn and then calcluate to assign the codes eh GO GO OWN 4 GO GO CO CO CO 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SMART LABELING Actions tree AUTOMATIC CLUSTERING Smart labeling This interactive tool is useful to code the existing polygons of a segmentation layer by comparing their spectral signature with selected polygons This tool is extremely useful and probably the tool that you will use the most in MadCat It allows an interactive supervised classification of segmentation polygons based on LCCS land cover classes 54 Smart labeling List of bands to use in the classification Classification tolerance process for smart labeling Raster bands times the standard deviation M TODIETMb432 Band W T D1ETMb432 Band G RE TDDTETMb432 Band 5000 test Band Expand classification
84. upper and lower limit of the NDVI values as selection criteria Note that if you pass over the polygons with your mouse you will get a tooltip telling you what the values of the underlying raster are This allows you to interactively check the NDVI values and enables you to better calibrate your upper and lower limits 26 TOOIETMb432 70 TOOIETMb432 G 35 TOOIETMb432 44 test 131 test G 96 test B 121 Select by amp density slicing NDVI lowervaue z Upper value 27 E Close Set trasparent Selected features 0 3430 SELECT NONE SHIFT N Menu item EDIT Select none SHIFT N Deselect the selection done Removes the selection from the current layer ma INVERT SELECTION SHIFT 1 Menu item EDIT Invert selection SHIFT 1 Switch the selection done If there are selected features in a layer this button will switch the selection to the items that are not selected SELECT ALL Menu item SELECT POLYGONS Select all Select all polygon features in map window Select all the polygons in the active layer CODING OF POLYGONS FROM LCCS LEGEND At this stage we will look at how to code the selected polygons with land cover code based on LCCS This section will be covered here after the selection tools There are no specific tools for this on the toolbar or in the menu items but it will be covered here as it is a logical follow on from the
85. ver class 11498 Rainfed Herbaceous Crop and the probability based on the pixel values for that to be true is 96 3 9e The probability that this polygon belongs to another land cover class Class 2 Class 21450 12374 Closed to open Shrubland is only 3 796 CLASSIFY POLYGONS BY OBJECT Actions tree AUTOMATIC CLUSTERING Classify polygons by object Classification of existing polygons using spectral signatures over multiple raster bands Polygons are considered as OBJECT Each polygon is represented by a tuple containing Mean and Standard Deviation of the internal pixels in each of the input raster bands This tool also uses training areas to assign land cover classes to segmentation polygons based on the input imagery This time the polygon is treated as an object and the pixel values are averaged over the whole polygon area GeoVIS2008 This function load signature from the polygons of training area layer classify polygons of segmentation layer using a by object approach add to segmentation polygons an attribute with the same name of the attribute of training areas As per the previous tool you are prompted for the input imagery and bands to use and which algorithm to use Polygons classification by object __ Raster bands List of raster bands to use in the 4 32 Band classification TOOIETMb432 Band G Mone process TOOIETMb432 Band B t
86. will reduce the jagged edges that the pixel edges will produce It is recommended to leave this as 0 as this smoothing can be conducted at the end of the mapping process Minimum polygon area allows you to effectively set the minimum mapping unit or the smallest polygon in the dataset This is normally based on the input resolution of the imagery Once you are happy with the settings press ok and the segmentation process will run Below is the result of the segmentation using the settings shown above 24 The next tools are based on various selection and classification methods so next the basic selection tools that cab be found on the MadCat toolbar will be covered TOOLBAR SELECTION TOOLS The select tools work by clicking on the feature Hold the shift key in to select more than one feature Note that shortcuts are given in brackets in the headings below SELECT BY RECTANGLE SHIFT W Menu item SELECT POLYGONS Select by rectangle SHIFT W Select polygon features in map window with a rectangle Select polygons by point and clicking on the polygon or by drawing a box over the polygons All polygons that are intersected by the box will be selected SELECT BY POLYGON Menu item SELECT POLYGONS Select by polygon Select polygon features in map window with a polygon This works the same way as the previous select by rectangle tool but gives you the flexibility to draw a polygon for the selection All polygons
87. yer At any stage you can copy selected polygons from the active layer to any of the other polygons layers You need to have a section active and then double click the Copy Selected Features Tool You will then be prompted to choose the layer to copy the selected polygons to 48 5 i ti 7 Training areas C layer you have chosen the layer to to you will be prompted to specify how the polygons will be pasted in the selected layer Topological Over pet Under Intersect Non topological es It is always recommended to use one of the topological options to paste in order to eliminate overlapping polygons MOVE SELECTED FEATURES TO Actions tree DRAWING BY POLYGONS CURRENT LAYER Move selected fetaures to Move selected features to a different layer This works in the same way as the copy tool above but instead cuts the polygons from the active layer and pastes them in the layer you select 49 Automatic clustering These tools allow the user to create classified polygon layers Segmentation layer based on the pixel values of the input imagery You should have an existing segmentation polygon layer a training areas layer and an existing LCCS legend that has been loaded to your project before using these tools gjustering polygons by pixel Classify polygons by object e Unsupervised cluster of polygons les Smart labeling CL

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