Participatory Carbon Monitoring: Manual for Local People
Contents
1. Co O 006 N O amp 1 oO 066 4 O NO B H N es CO po ees 27 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Form 3 Data Sheet for measuring DBH 6 cm and H 1 3 m in 1 m radius sub plot Plot no No Species Number Comment No Species Number Comment of tree of tree Local Common Local Common N gt 01 00 co CO eed pris end CO N O O1 LANES HEELS 78 EE EE T SE SS E RSS EE Yo j ej ER SUELE ERIS 2o EE 2 _ oS SS EA SSS SSS a 22 SS 22 o 48 j EE EE EN 25 j j 28 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Form 4 Data Sheet form for bamboo inventory Plot No Forest status on map VN2000 Coordinates X Y Location Village Commune District Province Forest type Forest stratum status Forest owner Contractor Forest compartment Altitude m Forest sub compartment Canopy cover 96 Forest block Slope degree Recorded by Date Picture Yes No Circle Yes if pictures were taken Circle No if pictures were not taken For special bamboo opecies Average height m Number of tree Average DBH cm2. Five forest carbon pools can be measured using PCM Figure 1 These are i above ground ii below ground iii litter iv dead wood v soil Figure 1 Carbon sinks in the forest PCM based monitoring of change in forest carbon includes the following two primary activities Measuring changes in the forest area and forest status Measuring forest carbon pools and other attributes in sample plots This manual provides guidelines for measuring changes in forest area and forest status as well as for measuring forest attributes and carbon pools in forest However the scope of this manual is limited to the measurement of above ground pools i e manual does not include guidelines for measuring below ground dead wood litter and soil pools 1 An additional carbon pool wood product HWP is not measured in the forest and therefore related procedures are not included in this manual 5 SNV REDD www snvworld org redd Monitoring the change in forest area and forest status Mareen yellow blue TEN 279 Werbe dl Sm x4 Sets Notte rope Figure 2 Necessary tools and materials for PCM activity 6 SNV REDD www snvworld org redd If the forest boundary or forest status is found to be different from that which is indicated on the forest map the forest boundary must be delineated using the GPS tracking function Upon delineating the boundary update the boundary and forest status information Expected outcome
3. The permanent marker on the field will be useful for locating plots for repeated measurements Take a picture of the plot centre with plot marker and iron board with plot information clearly visible v 5 2 x eo 9 o 7 3 3 E 12 SNV REDD Figure 3 Locating position of a random plot by using GPS 13 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Sef up permanent sample 5 The shape of the plots can be rectangular square or circular In this document circular sample plots are recommended for use as they are relatively easy to establish in the field Additionally a plot is convenient for household and the community in locating plots in the field Within the sample plot trees of different sizes are measured in different sized sub plots larger trees are measured in larger sub plots and smaller trees are measured in smaller sub plots Expected outcome Nested circular plots are established in the field Materials required Suunto clinometer Four ropes with a range of coloured knots at specified intervals equivalent to the radius of the sub plots Form for additional distances at different radius for plots located on slope Digital camera optional F Sope SLOPE CORRECTION Fatma SHEET F E ui 14 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Procedure 5 1 Design circular sample and sub plot for different forest types Nested circular plot consisting of four concentric cir
4. Ask one field crew member to stand on the slope With the clinometer aim at the head of the person standing above or below the slope to create the line of sight Figure The line of sight must be parallel to the slope surface The indicator on the left of the clinometer shows the slope angle which must be recorded e A table with slope corrected horizontal distances can be taken to the field see Appendix The knots representing the radius for the plot must be corrected For example if a plot is located at slope of 20 degrees then using the slope corrected distance the green knot should be placed at 1 06 m yellow knot at 6 m blue knot at 13 43 m and red knot at placed at 18 98 m Use linear tape to adjust the position of the knots in the field 17 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd 18 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Sheet of slope correction factors Slope level degree Radius of cycle plot m 8 10 040 028 03 12 14 16 18 ow 0 36 22 24 26 0 64 142 20L 28 30 32 EE 34 36 38 40 42 T 46 044 248 sss 78A 48 50 9 91 First stretch one rope from the centre BAC iNi towards the north Stretch another rope 1 to the east Stretch a third rope at 45 N UU rA l 1 117 gt l between the first and second ropes As a A AW e result two segments are established from north to east Measurement is carried out from the left to the right
5. e Forest boundaries demarcated changed area quantified and map prepared Status of forest change e g past forest exploitation resulted in change of status from average to poor indicated and deforestation rate in the forest management unit quantified Any change in area boundary or status over a period annual to period recorded Materials required Forest map showing the boundaries of forest owners e GPS for delineating forest boundary of forest owners and estimating forest area e Suunto clinometer and compass Digital or other camera optional Data sheets to record forest area and status change Form 1 DATA SHEET Dota sheet 4 Meosurement gaug m zorest Oreo porest status and 00051 vaner Forest type and status on map indi plat jm is VN 2000 e Forest type obsarved Forest sidus observed Location Village Commune District Provinet Forest cumpeo umen Swlo compastment Block Meoawement recorded bye Dole sores ETE i 2 The illustration contained in this manual is based on GPS 60CSx For other model of GPS refer to user s manual 7 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Procedure Step 1 Boundary delineation using GPS 60CSx Power on and press Menu twice to access Tracks then press Enter Press Clear button to delete all old tracks Press Menu and select Area Calculation press Enter two times to start track function Walk around
6. No DBH cm Age Comment No DBH cm Age Comment A 1 e a T o Pae SS ee Se NIN BRIBR lB lO 3 NNO 60 1 6 060 40 gt I CO 060 N O 5 50 29 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Appendix Il Tools and equipment needed for PCM PFM for a technical group Actual forest map with No ltem Unit Purpose demarcation of boundaries of forest owner household Monitor area of forest plot forest owner contracted to protect forest Map with location of random Position sample plots on M plots the field Unit Define boundaries change area location of sample plots c our pu camera T NN CN Take pictures Data sheet for measuring Form o0 Record of area change forest area Form 1 Rope for sub plot with coloured Rope 4 Establish circular sample knots for different sub plot radii plot Compass Sunnto clinometer Equipment 1 Orientation measuring tree height and slope angles sign number sign Paint E To write plot number sign To write plot number sign Data sheet form for measuring Form 50 Record data of sample timber forest bamboo forest plot Form 2 3 4 30 SNV REDD www snvworld org redd Appendix Ill Slope correction factors No ltem Unit Qual Purpose ity of forest owner household Map 1 M
7. radius of 12 62 m Within 1m radius sub plot green measure all trees with DBH 2 6 cm and count 16 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd regeneration trees with DBH 6 cm and H 2 1 3 m within 1 m 5 54 m radius sub plot yellow measure all trees with DBH 2 6 cm within 5 64 m 12 62 m radius sub plot blue measures trees with DBH 2 22 cm and within 12 62 m 17 84 m radius sub plot red measure trees DBH 2 42 cm Figure 5 5 2 Establish circular plot and sub plots in the forest Prepare a rope with several knots Use different colours for individual knots Put knots at intervals equivalent to the radius of the sub plots For example make a green knot at 1 m a yellow knot 5 64 m blue knot at 12 62 m and a red knot at 17 84 m Error Reference source not found Figure An additional rope may be needed for plots located on slopes The length of rope should be about 30 m Four ropes with colour knots need to be prepared On each rope at each colour knot add another same coloured knot that is movable along the rope to adjust for the radius of sub plots on slope Length 50m r A oi et 1 V Bene TER Lir c dm 5m D 3 E 4 Figure 6 Making knots of different colours corresponding to radius of concentric sub plot Measure slope of the ground every time the rope is laid out on the ground along the plot radius eight times using the clinometer Figure
8. the area while the GPS is still on When measurement is complete press Enter twice to end the tracking Save and name the result then press OK to finish the area delineation If a digital camera is available take few pictures of the area The name of the picture files must be similar to the name of the track for easy identification 8 SNV REDD www snvworld org redd Record wv rormodiow Make sure that the GPS is turned on while track function is active Turn off the GPS upon completion of delineation of one area or forest parcel If the GPS is on and track mode is active while moving to next forest parcel the delineated areas could get connected together in the map making the editing process time consuming and cumbersome Technical staff must lead the team and instruct local people about using the GPS When local people feel comfortable about using the GPS local people can lead this task Step 2 Record forest area change Use Form 1 see Appendix to record the following information on forest area change in the field Location forest owners date time and person or team leader recording data leader e VN2000 coordinates X Y in four corners of the forest Description of changes and underlying causes 9 SNV REDD www snvworld org redd Locate sample plot The random sample plots are shown on the map The location of plots is pre installed in the GPS by a technician The locations of plots are identified in the f
9. Participatory Carbon Monitoring Manual for Local People Bao Huy Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong Benktesh D Sharma Nguyen Vinh Quang August 2013 Acknowledgements This manual is an output of the project Delivering Multiple Benefits from REDD in Southeast Asia MB REDD implemented by SNV Netherlands Development Organisation The MB REDD project is part of the International Climate Initiative The German Federal Ministry for the Environment Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety supports this initiative on the basis of a decision adopted by the German Bundestag The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to those providing the comments and inputs that made the manual possible Mr Steven Swan SNV and colleagues from the Department of Forest Resources amp Environment Management FREM University of Tay Nguyen Vietnam including Dr Vo Hung Dr Cao Thi Ly Mr Nguyen Duc Dinh Mr Nguyen Cong Tai Anh Mr Pham Doan Phu Quoc Mr Nguyen The Hien and Mr Pham Tuan Anh Special thanks are extended to Mr Nguyen Anh Ha and Mr Nguyen Duc Luan the painters for providing illustrations for the manual The authors would also like to thank leaders technical staff and local people in Lam Dong province who supported the testing and provided valuable comments on the manual Authors Bao Huy PhD Professor of Forest Sciences at the University of Tay Nguyen Buon Ma Thuot Vietnam Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong PhD Lecturer at the
10. University of Tay Nguyen Buon Ma Thuot Vietnam Benkesh D Sharma PhD Participatory Forest Monitoring PFM Advisor SNV Netherlands Development Organisation Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Nguyen Vinh Quang PhD REDD Advisor SNV Netherlands Development Organisation Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam 2 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Table of Contents Page 1 Introduction to participatory carbon monitoring PCM sass 4 2 Parameters measured in participatory carbon monitoring PCM 5 3 Monitoring the change in forest area and forest status pp 6 Zocate sample plot sec 10 5 Setup permanent sample plots pp 14 6 Measure within sample plotsub plot pp 21 AbppendbelskieldiEormseseese tee T 26 Appendix Il Tools and equipment needed for PCM PFM for a technical group 30 Appendix III Slope correction 186015 00 31 List of Figures Foure C ineo Cia S nithe forest e LE ete ne eee ao ene ee ee 5 Figure 2 Necessary tools and materials for PCM activity pp 6 Figure 3 Locating position of a random plot by using GPS pp 13 Figure 4 Layout of circular nested plot with four concentric sub plots 15 Figure 5 Measure diameter class according to radius of sample plot pp 15 Figure 6 Making knots of different colours corresponding to radius of
11. cles or sub plots are used Large trees are measured in larger circular plots while small trees are measured in smaller circular plots The plot design also varies by forest types e For evergreen semi deciduous dipterocarp and pine forest pM o Sub plot 1 radius 1 m area 3 64 m 12 62m measure regeneration with DBH 6 cm and H gt 1 3 m EN e Sub plot 2 radius 5 64 m area 100 m7 jim measure tree 6 cm lt DBH lt 22 cm or z bamboo e Sub plot 3 radius 12 62 m area 500 m measure tree 22 cm gt DBH lt 42 cm e Sub plot 4 Radius 17 84 m area 1000 m to measure tree 2 42 cm DBH Figure 4 Layout of circular nested plot with four concentric sub plots Morth 17 34m Measure all timber trae with DBH 42cm Measure all timber tree with DOBH 22cm Measure all imber tree with DBH bcm Measure all timber tree with DBH 6cm and count regeneration tree with DBH lt amp cm and H 1 3m Figure 5 Measure diameter class according to radius of sample plot 15 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd For bamboo forest the size of sample plot is 100 m 5 e For mixed woody bamboo forest measure trees as in the case of evergreen forest in four concentric sub plots and measure bamboo only in sub plot 2 e For plantation forest the maximum diameter in plantation forest rarely exceeds 42 cm Therefore the measurement of the tree is conducted in sub plot 3 i e in 500 m2 circular plot with a
12. concentric SUDE 1 O O E aT 17 Figure 7 Compass and Clinometer Figure pp 18 Figure 8 Obtaining slope using clinometer pp 18 Figure 9 North east section Of plot T m aAa e N SS 19 RIGUIE 1O a aa 20 Figure 11 South west section of plot ss 20 Figure 12 North west section of plot 4 20 Figure 13 Measuring DBH tree of irregular stems or trees on slope 25 The implementation of incentive based forestry programs such as Payment for Ecosystem Services PES Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation REDD and forestland allocation management and protection under commitment contract with households communities and forest owners needs a monitoring system to quantify the change in forest biomass and carbon for allocating incentives based on performance The monitoring system must involve local households and forest owners to ensure that local stakeholders actively participate in forest management and assist in gathering or providing qualitative and quantitative information on the forests allocated to them or managed under the contract with the forest owner The participating households may receive a direct payment for labour invested during monitoring as well as other benefits such as payment goods or services that accrue from the emissions reductions or emission removals achieved through the incentive based forestry activities such as from REDD A monitorin
13. ed to follow the identification number of delineated area Column 1 Identification number of delineated area Numbers in serial order such as 1 2 3 can be used Use separate form for each forest boundary This identification number must be used to name the track in the GPS Column 2 3 4 and 5 Record X Y coordinates of the four corners from the GPS On the GPS coordinates page the value for the x coordinate is located at the top and the y coordinate is at the bottom Column 6 Description of change either i Forest loss or ii Reduced quality of forest e g selected logging exploitation Column 7 Underlying causes or reason for change e g logging forest for cropping exploited as planned in 2013 etc 26 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Form 2 Data Sheet form for forest inventory Plot No Forest status on map Coordinates X Y Forest type Forest stratum status Forest owner Contractor Location Village Commune District Province Forest compartment Altitude m Forest sub compartment Canopy cover 96 Forest block Slope degree Recorded by Date Picture Yes No Circle Yes if pictures were taken Circle No if pictures were not taken Measuring trees with DBH 2 6 cm in all sub plots No ND gt 00 oo Species DBH Comment No Species DBH Comment cm cm Local Common name name Local Common name name h2 NINN
14. g system that involves stakeholders in various steps of monitoring of forest carbon is called participatory carbon monitoring PCM In order for local households and communities to undertake monitoring activities the monitoring method must be simple and suitable for community and forest owner alike Local stakeholders must be able to implement the monitoring activities with support of forestry staff to produce reliable data that meets the national and international expectations as well as quality standards This PCM manual Manual for Local People is one of the three individual manuals designed to facilitate stakeholders participation in carbon monitoring and is designed for use by local households and communities for collecting and monitoring field data In this manual a quick review of forest parameters i e carbon pools measured in the field using PCM is covered This manual provides detailed step wise procedures to measure changes in the forest area forest status and forest carbon in the field using existing forest maps the GPS and predetermined plot locations The Manual for Local Technical Staff is for use by local forestry staff for designing and implementing PCM activities in the field and analysing PCM data A third in the series the Manual for Field Reference is to be used in the field for quick reference 4 SNV REDD www snvworld org redd Parameters measured in participatory carbon monitoring PCM
15. g redd Measure within sample plot sub plot In each sample plot measure tree and other information Expected outcome Validated data about trees and bamboo and forest resources Materials required Diameter measurement tape i e D tape lron board or tree tag for marking trees 21 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Hammer and nails to affix tree tag Spreadsheet for recording inventory factor BEJA mau HH Li Hassua 4 PPM i peu reda s p casar lu NINE Ro Y Fam nasi i e 22 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Digital camera for taking picture optional Procedure Measurement in sample plot to estimate forest biomass and carbon e For woody tree identify species measure DHB if trees DBH is greater than 6 cm For trees with DBH lt 6 cm and height gt 1 3 m count the number within the sub plot 1 23 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd e Use tree tags to mark the trees e Bamboo is measured in a 5 64 m radius plot Age and individual DBH are measured In the case of certain species of bamboo such as neohouzeaua the number of trees average DBH and average height must also be estimated iae pr ae i Use Figure 13 to determine the position of DBH on tree during DBH measurement for irregular stems or for trees standing on slopes y Ifa tree falls on the plot boundary and over 50 of the stem i
16. onitor area of forest plot forest owner contracted to protect forest Map with location of random Position sample plots on the sanee plots field Unit Define boundaries change area location of sample plots Battery for GPS Digital camera Take pictures Data sheet for measuring for Form 50 Record of area change est area Form 1 Rope for sub plot with co Rope 4 Establish circular sample plot loured knots for different sub plot radii Compass Sunnto clinometer Equip 1 Orientation measuring tree ment height and slope angles Diameter Equip 2 Measure tree diameter ment Iron board to write plot num Table 20 Record and fix plot number ber sign sign Paint Box Towrite plot number sign Paintbrush Paint To write plot number sign brush Hammer 00000 Hammer Fix metal tags on tree Nail Kg Placethe tags Data sheet form for measuring Form Record data of sample plot timber forest bamboo forest Form 2 3 4 Actual forest map with demarcation of boundaries 31 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd SNV Netherlands Development Organisation REDD Programme 5 Floor Thien Son Building 5 Nguyen Gia Thieu District 3 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Tel Fax 84 8 39300668 E mail sswanGsnvworld org
17. orest Expected outcome The random permanent plots for collecting data on forest biomass and carbon are located in the forest and the centre of the plot is marked Materials required Map of location of random sample plots Suunto clinometer and compass GPS with coordinates of random sample plots Sheet with recorded code and coordinates of sample plots lron board for placing identification tags for plot and coordinates of sample plots Hammer and nails for affixing tree tags Permanent paint to mark identification tags on sample plots Digital camera optional 10 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Procedure 11 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Press Find then press Enter to access Waypoint From the list of plots select the correct plot to be sampled Press Goto and select Off road Walk to the destination shown on the GPS The GPS will sound an alarm when the destination plot is reached The coordinates of the centre of the defined plot should be checked on the GPS and on the map If a camera is available take a picture of the GPS while the GPS is showing the coordinate position End Goto function by pressing Menu and then selecting Stop Navigation At the centre of permanent sample plots place the plot marker i e concrete or wooden pillar and affix an iron board Write the identification number of sample plots and coordinates i e VN2000 coordinates directly on the iron board with permanent paint or marker
18. s inside the plot consider that tree to fall inside the plot Otherwise exclude boundary tree e Take pictures of trees and crews measuring trees Name picture files beginning with the plot name For example if plot id is 104 then name of picture can be 104_NorthWest 24 SNV REDD www snvworlid org redd Tree with branch de pity weer an per dei breast TE breast hg breast vem ES eE measuring N tasu ing 6 a il i point T point f ai AT i 1 1 3 1 mers t P Battieneck Tree with ede voted root Figure 13 Measuring DBH tree of irregular stems or trees on slope 25 SNV REDD www snvworld org redd Appendix I Field Form Form 1 Measuring change in forest area forest status and forest owner Forest type and forest status on map Coordinate of plot centre in VN2000 X Y Forest type observed Forest status Observed Forest owner Contractor Location village commune district province Forest compartment Sub compartment Block Measurement recorded by Date Time Picture Yes No Circle Yes if pictures were taken Circle No if pictures were not taken VN2000 coordinates of four Description of change i Underlying causes or corners of forest block forest Loss of forest cover ii reasons for change owner Change in forest type XIY Note Information on change in area and status are stored as tracks in the GPS and are nam
19. segment i e clock wise and from the centre towards the sub plot radius indicated by the coloured knots 19 SNV REDD ban 4 12 St P 9 F y Fa 3 n4 n EN i Fi Jp 5 a S L L AmA od 4 A ps DONGLE Figure 9 North east section of plot www snvworlid org redd Second the north and east ropes are fixed while the rope that was in between is moved to the south opposite to north A fourth rope is stretched in between south and east Two segments are created in the south east Measurement is carried out from the left to the right segment and from the centre towards the sub plot radius Third the north and south ropes are fixed while the rope in the east is moved to the west The rope that was between east and south is moved in between south and west Measurement is carried out from the left to the right segment and from the centre towards the sub plot radius Finally the ropes in the north and west are fixed while another rope is placed between west and north Measurement is carried out from the left to the right segment and from the centre towards sub plot radius At the four directions of north east south and west red wooden pillars are positioned 2 ENG TAY wW 2 HAT Si Figure 11 South west section of plot L sa TAY 40 2 Figure 12 North west section of plot 20 SNV REDD www snvworlid or
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