Home

Z88 AURORA BENUTZERHANDBUCH - ftp @ uni

1. File View Preprocessor Solver Postprocessor Help Advanced U ser InteR face fOr Reliable workspace A FREE Finite Elements m with Pos essi in ANSI C and Gtk erc pnl scd MAC 0 Pero Composed and Copyn Professor Dr Ing Fra l University of Bayreuth Germany Developed by Professor Dr Ing Frank Ren Or Ing Bettina Albor OE gine Ang Painia rd Hackenschmidt Dipl Math Martin Neid g Flarian Nuetze Dipl Ing Berr epi op Ing ee Ti all Dipl Ing Christoph Wehmann Dipl Ing jochen Zapf Dipl Ing Markus Zimmermann Dr Ing Martin Zimmermann FE Solver Z88R V14 0 Pre and Postprocessing 288 Aurora V1 Release 28 05 2010 12 00 Create new project Open existing project status display quickstart help with video function Project directory C test Project loaded Figure 1 User interface of Z88 Aurora 2 MENU BARS Several menu bars are of importance for operation The icon menu bar provides quick access to all functions of Z88 Aurora The main functions of the icon menu bar such as preproces sor E open additional side menus The text menu bar contains all functionalities of the icon menu bar and the side menus the correspondent icons precede the text commands Depending on the current procedure there are several tabs on the tab bar such as the sta tistics function in the postprocessor or the material cards in the material menu between which you can switch 10 User
2. DVD RW Laufwerk D ll BD ROM Laufwerk F DVD RW Laufwerk 5 name si Add eit Remove Convert to the following element type conversion of DXF FE Mesh and constraints to i txt conversion of DXF superstructure mesh to z88ni txt conversion of DXF superstructure mesh to z88il txt Figure 29 Import alternatives DXF structure Exporting The export is done by selecting the desired export option Figure 30 A For the export of an FE structure a complete FE model must be present export geometry fe structure stl l export STL FI Abaqus export inp dxf export DXF Figure 30 Export options 34 m av 56 Aurora User Manual Import Export in the Text Menu Bar import in the text menu bar export in the text menu bar File View Preprocessor Solver Postprocessor t egetitt tit DN Open project kaj Save project as 3j Close project Zis View Preprocessor Solver Postprocessor Help 3 New L Open project 4 Save project as 3j close project B Remove FE structure B Remove FE structure d Geometry stp step sti files stl DXF files dxf 4h NASTRAN files bdf nas F ABAQUS files inp Import gt ak Geometry stl DXF dxf F5 ABAQUS inp Image bmp ANSYS files ans 2 COSMOS files cos 7 Z88 files txt Figure 31 Import Expo
3. all relevant data about the project folder are shown Click OK to confirm The project is displayed in the work area choose existing project show information about the chosen project creatora ay projectintormaton CAtest Analysis Linear strength determination 3 netgen log 21 06 2010 Number of nodes W parti stp 21 06 2010 Number of elements ig Z88Geocon stl 22 06 2010 Material DVD RW Laufwerk p 2882 sti txt 22 06 2010 Results i BD ROM Laufwerk F z8312 txt 22 06 2010 8 DVD RW Laufwerk 3 z88i5 tmp 22 06 2010 7 a z88manage txt 18 58 p name 48 z88mat tx 18 58 433 z880 log 21 06 2010 1 available data in the project Figure 6 Opening an existing project folder 14 66 Aurora Z User Manual 4 3 BilClosing a Project Folder With this button the presently open project folder is closed A You must always close the current project folder before creating a new one or opening another project 4 4 Project Folder Management in the Text Menu Bar In addition to the icon menu bar Z88 Aurora possesses a text menu bar above the icon menu bar This either contains further functionalities or you can access the same functions as in the icon menu bar The text menu bar with its respective functions is described in the corresponding chapters View Preprocessor 5 New Open project A Save project as Close project 4 Remo
4. Residuum 1e 007 Sum of error to analytic result alpha SIC 0 000 1 Shift factor for partial Cholesky decomposition recommended 0 0001 0 000001 omega SOR 1i Factor for successive overrelaxation SOR recommended 0 8 1 2 Direct solver Pardiso J OOC memory MB 1000 Memory used in out of core mode Swap directory amp Main C v Directory for swap file used in out of core mode em Figure 58 Solver menu or extended options with Cuthill McKee algorithm After setting all required parameters the calculation is started by pushing the button de A9 RUN An information window opens which displays the duration of the calculation Start the calculation by confirming the message 57 LOB reixore User Manual Start calculation by pushing the OK button The window shuts down after the calculation has finished Figure 59 Information window calculation The Solver in the Text menu bar The solver can also be accessed via the text menu bar File View Preprocessor Postprocessor Help Mo so gm dD Solve b fi t Figure 60 Solver access the text menu bar 58 LOR ss User Manual 6 4 n After the calculation has been carried out the results can be displayed in the Z88 Aurora postprocessor by clicking the button d Figure 61 FEET File View Preprocessor Solver ZE CE Help DOA 98 SZCH RAKE 3D view Statistics magnifications 4 Mesh Ran
5. picking Elements Element Selection For the selection of elements adjacent to the selected nodes the following options are available in the Element Selection area Element selection rule A or With rule A or all elements directly adjoining the picked node s are selected The re maining nodes belonging to the elements are not selected With Node growth rule A all these can be added later see Node growth 24 66 Aurora Hii User Manual si a 0 one node c 1 Select one node 2 Flement selection rule A or 3 Nodesgrowing rule A all Figure 20 Element selection rule A or Element selection rule B and In contrast to rule A or when applying rule B and all nodes included in the ele ment must be selected in order to mark the element completely Figure 21 Select all edge nodes of a element DU UN D 1 Select all edge nodes of a element 2 Element selection rule B and Figure 21 Element selection Rule B and Element selection rule C area Using this function the nodes adjoining an area must be selected in order to select the area completely Figure 22 25 56 Aurora User Manual v s Select all edge nodes on a surface 1 Select all edge nodes on a surface 2 Element selection rule C surface Figure 22 Element selection Rule C area Hiding Hide Selected elements Hide Not selected elements With this functionality
6. User Manual 788 Aurora V1 File View Preprocessor Solver Postprocessor Heb DOAJ SEEE OCGCGLRL Cet KA VO 9 ved ROernre SEF RR FF 4 00E 001 46 58 001 koua jue o 16 58E 001 741 318 4002 badcae 1 coset 1 SIEM 1 97 E 002 1 STEAD w42 52E X12 62E 3002 3 27E 4002 43 27E 40 43 93E 002 43 93E 002 4 58E 002 unidofiectod 44 58E 4002 5 24E 002 defiected 45 24E 4002 45 B8E 002 asi 5 89E 002 16 54E 002 100 0 45 E4002 47 20E 02 a v Mitis srissts Mar scaling factor in SOU Gauss p ints Caplacamanta X Displacements Y Dipli Z Mia of desgibcaciommernits Eres at corner nodes Siructure FE Sess per element Wiew Solid all elemaris Version Vla Yodo An easily operated user interface for Z88 for all Windows and Mac OS X Computers for 32 and 64 bit This Freeware Version is the literary property of the Chair for Engineering Design and CAD University of Bayreuth Germany composed and edited by Professor Dr Ing Frank Rieg with the aid of Dr Ing Bettina Alber Laukant Dipl Wirtsch Ing Reinhard Hackenschmidt Dipl Math Martin Neidnicht Dipl Ing Florian Niitzel Dr Ing Bernd Roith Dipl Ing Alexander Troll Dipl Ing Christoph Weh mann Dipl Ing Jochen Zapf Dipl Ing Markus Zimmermann Dr Ing Martin Zimmermann All rights reserved by the editor Version I December 2010 Yi is a registered trademark No
7. 30 2009 064 238 of Professor Dr Ing Frank Rieg INSTALLATION AND OPERATION OF Z88 AURORA Z88 is a software package for solving structural mechanical static problems with the aid of the Finite Element Method FEM which is available under GNU GPL as free software with source code The software originally created by Professor Frank Rieg in 1986 is currently being further developed by a team of ten under the supervision of Professor Rieg at the Uni versity of Bayreuth In addition to the present compact Z88 which is currently available in the 13 version an extended program Z88 Aurora is on the market since 2009 Z88 Aurora is based on Z88 and is available for Windows 32 BIT and 64 BIT for free download as executable file In addition to the efficient solvers contained in Z88 Z88 Aurora offers a graphic user interface A com pletely new preprocessor and an extension of the approved postprocessor Z880 Developing Z88 Aurora great importance was attached to intuitive operation The present version Z88 Aurora 1 offers in addition to static strength analyses a material database containing more than 50 established construction materials Further modules such as non linear strength calculations natural frequency analysis contact and thermal analyses are under development THE Z88 PHILOSOPHY IS ALSO VALID FOR Z88 AURORA Fast and compact Developed for PC no ported mainframe system full 64 BIT support for Windows and Mac nat
8. Figure 25 Size of boundary conditions Size of Gauss Points co W 200m Figure 25 Display of boundary conditions and Gauss points SE Size of Pick Points The function Size of Picking effects that the shown pick points are displayed at a larger or smaller scale in the menu boundary conditions Toolbar Views In the menu Help under Options you find the tab View where the possibility to display the toolbar Views SZ e ka Rayi LI p jid A SS is offered 30 6 SSE CONTEXT SENSITIVE SIDE MENUS User Manual When you have started a project you can perform different actions On the one hand you can display and alter an existing project on the other hand you can import a structure from a CAD program as well as from an FE program 61S Import and Export of CAD and FE Data After creating a new project folder it is possible to import geometry data as well as FE struc tures and to continue using them in Z88Aurora You will find an overview of the available formats in Figure 26 import geometry FE structure stp gt F STEP File ag Nastran File stl S STL File F Abaqus File ga dxf D DXF File Ansys File ans mn 2 2 Cosmos File ea V Z88 File export nas bdf inp z88i1 txt 1 geometry fe structure sti I export STL FI Abaqus export inp dxf D export DXF Figure 26 Impo
9. Mg3 3 3535 Brass Cuzna7 thermal conductivity 140 0 thermal paramters Calon ikid sic N thermal exptension coefficent 23 9E 06 applied material case hardened ste cue inm properties Cast iron EN GJS 500 7 0 7050 predefined Cast iron EN G S 700 7 material Cast steel GE240 1 0446 database Cast zinc alloy G ZnAKCu3 Concrete Copper Alloy CuNi2Si 2 0855 Diamond c a add delete 4 plot Engineering stee E295 1 0050 Heat resisting steel P250GH 1 0460 nonlinear parameters Heat treatable steel 58CrV4 1 8161 Heat treatable steel 20Mn5 1 1133 M High temperature resisting steel X6CrNi18 11 1 4948 PEERS s n parameter value o Natural rubber NR Nitriding steel 15CrMov5 9 1 8521 Polyamide glass fibre reinforced PA65 GF30 Polyamide 66 Polycarbonate Polyetheretherketane Polyetheretherketone carbon fibre reinforced PEEK CF30 add ree lj input Polyetheretherketone glass fibre reinforced PEEK GF30 Polyethylen HD Polyethylen LO l Mes yi sSaveandclose Polyethwlentherephthalate a database All labeled parameters are necessary for this calculation Figure 43 Z88 Aurora Material database 44 66 Aurora Z7 User Manual If the required material is not contained you have the possibility to define new materials in the database For this click add in the left menu and the context menu Material Pa rameters is opened Figure 44 In the first input array you can define the material type by
10. Vista or Windows 79 32 and 64 BIT respectively MAC OS X Snow Leopard e Graphics requirements Open GL driver e Main memory for 32 BIT 512 MB minimum for 64 BIT 1 GB minimum e Documentary and videos require PDF Reader Videoplayer Browser INSTALLATION For more information see the installation guide which comes with the installation of the Z88 Aurora package DOCUMENTATION The Z88 Aurora documentation consists of e User manual containing a detailed overview of GUI Graphical User Interface e Theory manual with an elaborate description of the embedded modules e Examples for the most common applications in mechanical analyses e Element library of the integrated element types in Z88 Aurora e Video manual containing some topics of special interest 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS AN OVERVIEW OF THE USER INTERFACE MENU BARS KEYBOARD LAYOUT Li gt i PROJECT FOLDER MANAGEMENT D Launching a New Project Folder Opening a Project Folder BlClosing a Project Folder Project Folder Management in the Text Menu Bar VIEW Toolbars Te 2 Camera Settings k l Colours Ceca Displays 2 Picking t t Views and View Options I2 08 Y Labels R Labelling Picking nodes amp Labelling Nodes User Manual 10 10 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 18 27 29 29 29 User Manual 5 7 vi Labelling Eleme
11. by the size of the component If you do not see applied boundary conditions please change the size via the tool bar View or the sub item Size of boundary conditions in the View menu 53 66 Aurora User Manual Lu 6 3 E Solver The solver is the heart of the program system It calculates the element stiffness matrices compiles the total stiffness matrix scales the system of equations solves the huge system of equations and stores the displacements the nodal forces and stresses 488 features three different solvers e A Cholesky solver without fill in It is easy to handle and very fast for small and me dium structures However like any direct solver Z88F reacts badly on ill numbered nodes but you may improve the situation with the Cuthill McKee program Z88H Z88F is your choice for small and medium structures up to 20 000 30 000 degrees of freedom e A direct sparse matrix solver with fill in It uses the so called PARDISO solver This solver is very fast but uses very much dynamic memory It is your choice for medium structures up to 150 000 degrees of freedom e A sparse matrix iteration solver It solves the system of equations by the method of conjugate gradients featuring SOR preconditioning or preconditioning by an incom plete Cholesky decomposition depending on your choice This solver deals with struc tures with more than 100 000 DOF at nearly the same speed as the solvers of the large and expensive
12. calculation of trus ses are explained Plane elements Example fork wrench As an example a DXF file from AutoCAD was chosen a fork wrench as plane stress ele ment By means of this component the export procedure of the structure from the CAD pro gram as well as the import of DXF files into Z88 Aurora is demonstrated Furthermore the creation and finer meshing of super structures is illustrated as well as the execution and evaluation of a linear strength analysis Importing geometry Example piston rod On the basis of this example it is explained how you can import geometry data from an STL file into Z88 Aurora The object in question is a piston rod which was constructed in Pro ENGINEER WF4 0 and exported as STL file surface mesh STL files can be created with practically every CAD system These files only contain geometry data but no ready to calculate FE mesh With the integrated meshing algorithms of Z88 Aurora these meshes can be created Volume elements Example engine piston As already described in previous chapters you can import data from 2D and 3D CAD and FE systems in 288 Aurora The example cited here is an engine piston it was designed in PTC Pro MECHANICA and saved as a NASTRAN file By means of this component the import of the NASTRAN format and the calculation of tetrahedron meshes in Z88 Aurora are demon strated 64 66 Aurora Z User Manual Shell elements Example square p
13. depends on the quality of the given data Incomplete or damaged STEP or STL data lead to incorrect displays and faulty meshing in Z88 Aurora 32 m av USE Aurora User Manual Z83 input file Name Modified Yesterday at 18 58 z88il stl txt 10 37 z88i2 txt 22 06 2010 z88manage txt 11 19 ii DVD RW Laufwerk D z88mat txt 11 19 BD ROM Laufwerk F DVD RW Laufwerk Ill name choose Z88 input file Structural information z88il txt Meshing file z88ni txt Boundary conditions z88i2 txt M Stress parameters 28813 txt Surface pressure loads z88i5 txt Figure 28 Import function for existing Z88 files All import features are described in detail in chapter 4 1 of the Theory Manual Table 1 offers an overview of the model data which can be transferred from FE structure data Table 1 Model data which can be transferred from FE structure data Z88V13 DXF ABAQUS ANSYS COSMOS NASTRAN zit at Q amp Material laws Ji v 1 material Surface loads v only import 33 an JA as ANN User Manual DXF files can be imported as four different file types Figure 29 DOA S eBAs SOSer Ceres TOU import ge geometry FE structure gt menu import export gt STEP File Nastran File 4 STL File F Abaqus File Ansys File V Z88 File Recently Used Pi Yesterday at 18 58 Tom gt Desktop amp Main C
14. exactly specify the material allocation to the computation model Figure 46 The parameter ntegration order determines the accuracy of display of the used meshing elements for tetrahedron and hexahedron meshes a value of 3 to 4 has proved practical in 46 66 Aurora Z User Manual case of heavily distorted elements the order must be increased for further information see Theory Manual The allocation parameters determine to which areas of the current computation model the selected material properties are selected If you want to apply the material to the whole part keep the check marks at all Elements If not you can assign different materials to the single elements from element to element for example in order to model a bimetal An a future version of Z88 Aurora it will be possible to simulate different components in a model the respective pushbutton will remain inactive until then mapping accuracy Order of integration 2 apply parameters 7 All parts Elements From Through All elements Constitutive law Hooke material w apply material to model BAR 4 9Rme ad remove applied material save material in model sve Rose 0 407 close dialog Figure 46 Allocation options To allocate the selected material to the component click add to remove it click Remove The properties of the respective material are displayed in the middle area un der allocated material propert
15. marks pictures documentation e g without naming LCAD 3 Other restrictions You may not rent or lease the Software but you may transfer your rights under this LCAD license agreement on a perma nent basis provided you transfer all copies of the Software and all written materials and the recipient agrees to the terms of this agreement You may not reverse engineer decompile or disassemble the Software Any transfer must include the most recent update and all prior versions The Software is for calculation Finite Element Structures there is no warranty for accuracy of the given results 4 Warranties LCAD gives no warrants the Software will perform substantially in accordance with the accompanying documentation Any implied warranties on the Software are not given 5 No liability for consequential damages In no event shall LCAD be liable for any other damages whatsoever including without limitation damages for loss of busi ness profits business interruption loss of business information or other pecuniary loss personal damage arising out of the use of or inability to use this Software product even if LCAD has been advised of the possibility of such damages 7 Governing Law This Agreement shall be governed exclusively by and be construed in accordance with the laws of Germany without giving effect to conflict of laws 56 Aurora User Manual Z SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS e Operating systems Microsoft Windows XP Windows
16. 88N The mesh generator can produce 2 dimensional and 3 dimensional Finite Element meshes from super structures A mesh generation is sensible and permitted only for continuum ele ments Table 2 Offers an overview of the possible Finite Element structures Table 2 Overview of possible super structures in Z88 Aurora I Prove Mesh As an additional function the text menu bar offers the feature prove mesh for the quality check of imported or self created meshes Please keep in mind that the results of the FE cal culation are only plausible when you have a sufficiently good mesh Therefore please always conduct a quality check at the end of the meshing sentes Solver Postprocessor E Create Rods Beams gt Mesh Tetrahedrons amp Mesh Superelements Mesh check Meshoptions results of the mesh check El save gt number of nodes 45560 number of bad elements 0 J typ of element 16 percent 0 00 X cancel number of elements 26511 Apply parameters of elements TII Material database select material JA Constraints amp Input data Figure 41 Prove mesh in the text menu bar 42 User Manual Element parameters You can allocate element parameters for the element types plate shell truss beam and cam element If these have previously been compiled via the truss beam menu elements they can be edited here Data from existing Z88 V13 files imported into Z88 Aurora can al
17. CPUs 4 Number of CPUs to be used during calculation Iterative solvers Max iterations 10000 Important for huge FE structures Residuum 1e 007 Sum of error to analytic result j alpha SIC 0 0001 Shift factor for partial Cholesky decomposition recommended 0 0001 0 000001 omega SOR fi Factor for successive overrelaxaton SOR recommended 0 8 1 2 Direct solver Pardiso OOC memory MB 1000 Memory used in out of core mode Swap directory a Main C w Directory for swap fle used in out of core mode T Figure 57 Extended options of the solver menu e The local settings for CPU and memory selected here are independent from the global settings in the options menu which are used at every start Table 3 Overview of the integrated solvers and their efficiency Solver Type Number of DOF Memory Speed Multi Notes needs CPU Z88R t c Cholesky Solver up to 30 000 kana unl running Z88H choly without Fill In first is recommended Z88R t c direct Solver with up to 150 000 for very unl very ui yes useful with parao Fill In 32 BIT PCs several CPUs and very much memory Z88R t c Conjugated no limits up to 12 an absolute medium a very stable Siccg or gradients solver mio DOF wererun minimum and reliable sorcg with pre on an ordinary PC solver for very conditioning large structures 56 66 Aurora Z User Manual Option Cuthill McKee Algorithm in Extended Options in the
18. Manual The icon menu bar is separated into different areas the project folder management the pushbuttons which access the context sensitive side menus the display options the views and the view options the scaling and the support L9 S SES 4816 CSS Bb e te A L0 a project management h new project open project close project views thy xy view tix ZK VICW 5 r zy view context sensitive side menu Ss import export CAD FE data E preprocessor view options ki show coordinate system A show constraints W777 scaling autoscale L reset graphics Figure 2 Pushbuttons of the icon menu bar display mw shaded surface mesh Bg EI mesh Xl picking support sf X Information help close program 8 A Please always note the status display at the lower left edge of the user interface Here you find references to the next steps and information about operation 11 A LO Aurora seaJe epou jeuonippe jo UONJIajas 3 seale jepou uolajas jouonoe es pou ajBuis seaJe jepou jo uo1pajasaq un iws esnegJ uajioy xyorug ajebso jne b y w e a a 40ssa20Jd1sod juausa pasn uo puadap anAjiSUas 1x91u02 nuaur Bunya1d Janjos JOssadosdaud KEYBOARD LAYOUT User Manual 3 Figure 3 Keyboard layout 12 66 Aurora Z7 User Manual 4 L gt PROJECT FOLDER MANAGEMENT Depending on the status of the project it is
19. Solver Menu The choice of the nodal numbers is extremely important for the compilation of the stiffness matrix Bad nodal numbering may result in huge memory needs which are not really neces sary However Z88H may reduce the memory needs for the direct Cholesky Solver Z88F greatly the sparse matrix iteration solver Z8811 28812 may also gain some advantages from a Z88H run but the iteration solver is a priori very stable regarding node numbering because of storing the non zero elements only The Cuthill McKee program Z88H integrated in Z88 Aurora was originally designed for finite element meshes generated by 3D converter Z88G However Z88H can deal with all 788 meshes The Cuthill McKee program Z88H may sometimes compute counterproductive re sults i e a worse nodal numbering than the original mesh You should have some experi ments because the Cuthill McKee algorithm may not always improve a given mesh further information in chapter 4 2 4 of the Theory Manual HH menusolver gt Solvertype SICCG sparse iterative _ Stress parameters von Mises stresses v Compute 2x2 x2 Gauss points y No results RUN Cuthill McKee Z88H a Solr options e General C Node sort Number of node sorts n Warning Repeated node sorts may produce worse numbering CPUs E Number of CPUs to be used during calculation Iterative solvers Max iterations 10000 Important for huge FE structures
20. ces you have to choose between a distribution of the force according to FE rules for further information see Theory Manual chapter 3 1 3 boundary conditions file Z8812 TXT and an even distribution each node gets the given force In order to apply a boundary condition proceed as follows c Select boundary condition type e g Displacement FG 1 x direction Add gt Enter value e g 50 Select distribution of force e g even distribution distribution ac cording to FE rules only active in case of forces Select nodes either via angle selection or by entering the number of the respective node for further information please consult chapter a Picking 49 m at 56 Aurora User Manual c S Apply applies the current boundary condition Save If the constraint is correct you can either save the loadcase by clicking Or you can add further boundary conditions e In order to apply additional boundary conditions you must always first remove the presently selected nodes from the active selection Unselect After that you can proceed as usual The different boundary conditions are displayed in a colour scale U1 Ux 0 Plates UZ 0 U2 UY 0 Plates RotX 0 U3 UZ 0 Plates Rot Y O U4 Rotx 0 U5 RotY 0 U6 RotZ 0 Displacements given Surface Pressure Loads Forces X Forces Y Forces Z esasda Figure 50 Display type Boundary conditions To view single boundary conditions se
21. commercial FEA programs as our tests showed In addition a minimum of storage is needed This solver is your choice for large structures with more than 150 000 200 000 DOF FE structures with 5 million DOF degrees of freedom are no problem for it if you use a 64 BIT operation system Windows or LINUX or Mac OS X along with the 64 BIT version of Z88 and about 6 GByte of mem ory This very stable and approved solver works always thus you may use it as your standard solver Further information and theoretical backgrounds about the integrated solvers can be found in chapter 4 2 of the Theory Manual In Z88 Aurora the solver types are selected via the solver menu 54 OO aroze E menu solver gt Solvertype SICCG sparse iterative v Stress parameters von Mises stresses w A No results A RUN Figure 55 Solver menu User Manual No calculation of reduced stresses von Mises stresses Principal stresses Rakine Tresca stresses In the corner nodes 1 Gauss point 2x2 x2 Gauss points 3x3 x3 Gauss points 4x4 x4 Gauss points 3 Gauss points 4 Gauss points 5 Gauss points 7 Gauss points 13 Gauss points In the sector Stress Parameters the following equivalent stresses can be selected but only one at a time depending on the previous computation run Distortion Energy Theory DET i e von Mises Principal stress hypothesis PSH i e Rankine Shear stress hypothesis SH i
22. created the elements can be defined For this you have to switch H elements to the menu possible element types elements changes back to Truss No 9 2D menu Truss No 4 3D Beam No 13 2D amp nodes Beam No 2 3D Shaft No 5 W nodes Choose Element Type Nodes selection Edit element list Y R select create Kes dur VAE delete Figure 37 Truss beam creation menu Elements gt create new element gt determine element type Truss No 9 Truss No 4 Beam No 13 Beam No 2 Cam No 5 for further information please see Theory Manual chapter 5 e enter node 1 by direct selection of the node via mouse e enter node 2 or by entering the node number lect c click RUE c click add 86 Aurore Structure 22 View Solid all elements nodes X close Edit Element Type Nodes selektion Edit Element List truss 2D Typ 9 v R select P create 2 9 1 2 node 1 amp clear edit 3 9 2 4 node 2 Figure 38 Truss Beam creation creating an element list 39 66 Aurora User Manual v s After the elements have been entered they can still be edited or deleted The selection is done via the element table The compilation of the entry file is now completed You can save the data and close the sub menu create Z88i1 txt return to submenu determination of submenu Figure 39 Exiting the submenu In the ne
23. ctive nodes and element numbers of selected objects and contains the following sub items ja Labelling Picking nodes Nodes selected by picking are provided with their corresponding node numbers see Picking gt Label gt picking nodes amp Labelling Nodes A window appears in which the numbers of the desired nodes must be entered in order to display them The dialog is ended with OK vi Labelling Elements Analogously to Labels gt nodes here too the desired element numbers must be en tered in order to display them 4 Labelling Nodes and Elements This function displays the labels of all nodes and elements A Please keep in mind that this function might make the display of big structures with many elements and nodes confusing and apart from that may influence the speed of the program negatively depending on the hardware used Labelling Nothing Nodes and Elements This function hides the labels of all nodes and elements 29 6 Aurora User Manual Z 5 7 RAAF size of Boundary Conditions Gauss Points Pick Points amp BF size of boundary conditions The function Size of boundary conditions effects that the shown boundary conditions are displayed at a larger or smaller scale in the preprocessor menu a Resize of Gauss Points With the menu item Size of Gauss points the size of the calculated Gauss points depicted here in the Z88 Aurora postprocessor is defined
24. e Tresca Number determines the location of the stress calculation in the corner nodes or Gauss points Depending on the element type the number of Gauss points differs Further infor mation in the Theory Manual chapter 5 E menu solver Solvertype SICCG sparse iterative v Stress parameters von Mises stresses v gt amp Options No results A RUN A No calculation of reduced stresses von Mises stresses Principal stresses Rakine Tresca stresses In the corner nodes 1 Gauss point 2x2 x2 Gauss points 3x3 x3 Gauss points Figure 56 Stress parameters in the solver menu In addition you must supply several parameters This is done via extended options in the menu Solver e termination criterion maximum count of iterations for example 10000 reached e termination criterion residual vector lt limit Epsilon for example 1e 7 55 56 Aurora User Manual eu e parameter for the SIC convergence acceleration Shift factor Alpha from 0 to 1 good values may vary from 0 0001 to 0 1 For further information consult the literature e parameter for the SOR convergence acceleration Relaxation factor Omega from O to 2 good values may vary from 0 8 to 1 2 e Number of CPUs e COC Incore memory in Megabyte HH menu solver mm d options l Ben on General D Node sort Number of node sorts fi Waming Repeated node sorts may produce worse numbering
25. e same colour screen as in the 3D display is used for visualisation You can also output this statistic as a file X To do so you click SSesv Export and enter a file name 61 m av Zos Aurora User Manual A We suggest you open the saved CSV file with a normal text editor since some spread sheet programs interpret this data format for example as date type and do not read them out as numerical values 3D view Statistics ba rel frequency yon Misas stresses calculated in corner nodes 233 33 47 29 75 1 select statistics tab 26 03 22 31 18 60 14 86 2 selecttype of statistic relative frequency v 7 8 9 10 11 Group Loadcase Name loadcase 1 case 1 2 653E 001 bis 8 455E 000 15 94 Divisions 11 3 apply 8 455E 000 bis 1 664E 001 33 47 4 statistical values CE 1 664E 001 bis 2483E4001 27 89 4 k 37 cu dub d 2 483E 001 bis 3 302E 001 13 3 3 302E 001 bis 4 121E 001 5 47 csv export 4 121E 001 bis 4 940E 001 2 30 5 export Figure 65 Statistics function 6 5 A Y UD F Help Support and Option settings Help Z88 Aurora offers you several different help functions which can be used separately The following is an overview of the single help components The icon in the icon menu bar opens the popup menu for the selection of the single help modules Figure 66 Help options 62 56 Aurora Z7 User Manual E Video Tut
26. ed To find the appropriate settings for your designated area you may have to try several values before you achieve the desired result The following settings serve as reference values Figure 15 e Plane area 0 0 e A double row of nodes on a large curvature radius 1 2 e Lateral surface partial or complete of a large curvature radius ca 5 10 e Inside surface of drill hole ca 10 20 21 User Manual Picked node ona apn surtace Ss oe x IRR UHR esi Ni on othe see p Ea tz Frer TERM Siret pai SOULI e Mo i DU Ode ae a Fa TTE s Seb e bene go ct Ss c E a CE Se Le mn EA ees e ices te iet t EFR t J ane ns S m Io r i LS a DIU arn asi A aaraa y s 4 La e d f RON AA LX PET aN at Node growth toy i ma tee Ma weg Aene T TENOR tate MAK SY B XS mon n a a n re n eee ar a Fat aa LAES a poz a M IA A A UY n ge ponn Sy oa GAD DA an nou ta m Y vies Sati ui i net St d aes ta anye a VK ygi ur a a a H hi SAREM waa aM TATEN Figure 15 Angle settings av Zos Aurora AAA a TDD dine k ki odyo asi a4 iit KON Y n 4 ETAT AC A aay ki avni A LU av SS Kr The node growth algorithm calculates the nodes which are adjacent to selected ele ments see Element selection e Node growth rule A all With Node growth ru
27. eed support z88aurora uni bayreuth de Forum The homepage owns a forum with needful discussion about Z88 Aurora Let s discuss 1g Option Settings Changes to the user interface can be made in the options menu Here the language the sin gle file paths the memory settings and the view settings are modified Options General Memory 1 Memory 2 Pathe View Programs for Z88Aurcra STEP converter L Please choose subdirectory z88auroravljaddonsyasotan gecon v of installation directory Language English hd Number of CPUs 4 Tetgen Please choose subdirectory z38auroraviaddonsitetgen tetgen v Out of core Memory MB 2000 ee sardehtag ctt y itetgi Netgen Please choose subdirectory z88auroravliaddonsinetgen netgen v of instalation directory FE Solver ann fa A External software En l m gt General Memory 1 Memory 2 Paths view Media Player Path is selected dw mj Browser Path is selected None Acrobat Reader Path is selected None Structure Analysis of a FE structure Number of nodes maxx 500000 Cen ee Number of elements MAXE PBB00000 iNone Coincidence MAXKOXO 0000 Read General Memory 1 Memory 2 Paths C Picking with middle nodes Start with surface calculation Creation MAXSTRUGEOELE ooo Mapped mesher MAXMMREG hoo Geometry import MAXSTLK no Faces of faces of elements MAXOTE 300000 Number of b
28. ge of Results 4 node information Displacements gt Stresses 1 selectloadcase gt 43 30E 001 44 12E4001 Force 4 12E 001 44 94E 4001 4 94E 001 5 76E 001 2 set type of view 5 76E 001 46 58E4001 and scaling factor 2 65E 001 8 45E 000 8 45E 000 1 65E 4101 1 BREHIO1 2 48F 4101 Node information 4248E 001 4330400 L F Output data calculate loadcases all 435 58E4001 7 4DE 001 7 AOE HUO1 48 22F001 5 22E 001 9 03E 001 Max scaling factor 1000 apply magnifications v Mises stresses in comer nodes 3 select display of results Displacements X Displacements Y Displacements Z Magnitude of displacements Stress at comer nodes Stress per element Stress at Gauss points Nodal forces X S 2 4 s 58 Aurora Structure FE tea View Solid all elements Figure 61 Z88 Aurora Postprocessor On the right side of the screen a context menu appears Here you must first select the load case furthermore it is possible to have the component displayed in the results window deflected undeflected or both conditions at the same time Below this is the results menu here the displacements component by component and as value as well as the stresses at the corner nodes averaged by elements and at the Gauss points can be shown the Gauss point display however is only shown in an undeformed condition These option
29. gure 11 Switching to the display option Picking d Picking One of the main innovations of Z88 Aurora is the possibility to apply boundary conditions such as forces pressures and fixations on the new graphic user interface with one mouse click Hereafter this functionality will be referred to as Picking For the Picking there is a separate view which you can display in the main window by clicking the button ve or by pressing the key u Short Cuts By means of the mouse and a few shortcuts it is possible to pick single or several nodes in order to define the designated boundary conditions Strg ic click Selection of single nodes EN ie Eu hold Selection of several nodes in a rectangular window while maintaining the previous selection Alt sE hota New Selection of several nodes in an area while discarding the previ ous selection FF ic hold Opening a rectangular window to deselect several nodes in an area 18 56 Aurora Z7 User Manual Picking Menu F6 Pushing the button opens the Picking menu Depending on the current element type different possibilities are offered to select single or several nodes Figure 12 The respective picking menus are divided into five parts Deselecting Node selection Element selection Hiding Numbering 4 tetrahedron T truss AY plane stress surface elements i beam m shell 4 tetrahedron pla
30. heel whose centre is pressed on a shaft is examined The interference fit assem bly s groove pressure is 100 N mm Crucial point is the deformation transmitted by the cen tre s expansion to the gear teeth which are left out for model simplification Plate element Example circular plate This sample is intended as introduction for plate calculation Z88 contains plate elements Reissner Mindlin approach with 6 node Serendipity elements type 18 8 node Serendipity elements type 20 and 16 node Lagrange elements type 19 Nevertheless the plate is a 2D element With plates thus being 2D elements the calculation requires some skills to map this paradox in FE software Plane stress elements Example dedendum loading The bearing capacity calculation of spur gears is very high sophisticated This example shows a qualitatively way for estimate calculation A complete calculation of the bearing capacity using DIN 3990 is very complex in this example there are static forces and ideal geometries no misalignments no crowning and so on The stiffness of dedendum of a geometric cor rect tooth is observed Creating a FE structure and element parameters Example crane In Z88 Aurora an editor for creating beam and truss elements is included The necessary no des for creating the structure can be done by using coordinates For the element parameters Z88Aurora is used 66 X Information V Project information Project info
31. ies when the corresponding material is selected on the ld Save X close right With the material will be transferred into the model and closes the dialog window An you close the dialog without saving the material it will not be transferred for the computation model 47 m Zos Aurora User Manual Applying Boundary Conditions Z88 Aurora offers the possibility to define all boundary conditions within the preprocessor there do not have to be any conditions available in advance Imported structures can either be calculated with the existing boundary conditions in Z88 Aurora or new entries can be ap plied A set of boundary conditions is assigned to a load case At the moment only one load case is available in Version 1 of Z88 Aurora Clicking the Apply constraints icon opens the dialog window where you can edit the name of the loadcase For the application of the boundary conditions the loadcase must be active Create FE structure fF beams trusses Mesh generation free mesher mapped mesher de tetrahedron super elements Parameters of elements Define Material If Database define loadcase name I Define Constraints amp Add loadcase A Apply constraints Name Loadcases gp Add mm Remove HM Cancel oadcase Name For adding constraints the loadcase has to be activated marked loadcase 1 LCl calculate loadcases all Figure 47 Creating boundary condi
32. iew gt Toolbars toolbar import QIIi rm qgu ge toolbar view S27 i EB v S SFSRARE toolbar preprocessor PA eeli A Figure 9 Toolbars 16 LO sso 5 2 S Camera Settings User Manual Auto scale SE offers the possibility to fit the model into the Open GL window With Rota tions 3D E a rotated condition can be clearly set Z limit towards the user 2 is a clipping option By setting a defined Z plane the component can be viewed from inside 5 3 colours The legend colour as well as the background colour of the Open GL window can be changed arbitrarily For this you can resort to defined standards black white white black default or manually set a certain colour 5 4 BEEIX Displays There are four possibilities of view display These can be accessed via the icons in the icon menu bar or with the keys F1 F4 Figure 10 Display options in Z88 Aurora The display modes shaded surface mesh and mesh can be applied by the user according to his needs the Picking display is used for the selection of nodes and elements It is used in the boundary conditions menu in addition it can execute further functions via the button F6 see next chapter 17 m Zos Aurora User Manual A The Picking display depends on the previously selected display mode Thus you can either select all nodes or only surface nodes OSS e icking of surface nodes F1 gt F4 oder F2 gt F4 Fi
33. ipe a To display thin walled structures such as bent sheet metal parts or profiles shell models can be used The component employed here is a square profile which was designed as a shell model with an external FE program and saved as NASTRAN file together with the boundary conditions By means of this component the import and the calculation of shell models in Z88 Aurora are demonstrated Truss elements Example crane girder A simple example with 20 nodes and 54 trusses forming a spatial framework These struc tures can easily be entered manually CAD programs won t help much Just try it for yourself Hexahedron elements Example plate segment A three dimensional plate segment with curvilinear hexahedrons is calculated Though seeming simple this example can barely be solved analytically It s a valuable sample for ex periments with the mapped masher Hexahedron elements Example RINGSPANN pad This example contains a so called RINGSPANN pad used as force transmitter similar to a sli ced disc spring Springs operating according to Hooke s law can be mapped as FEA structures Tetrahedron elements Example motorcycle crankshaft Applying a piston load of 5 000 N a single cylinder motorcycle crankshaft is to be calculated In this case the constraints have to be considered in a special way which is kind of tricky 65 66 Aurora User Manual v s Plane stress element Example gearwheel A gearw
34. ive Windows and Mac OS X programs no emulations Windows and Mac OS X versions use the same computing kernels full data exchange from and to CAD systems FE structure import COS NAS and new BDF ANS INP context sensitive online help and video tutorials simplest installation with Microsoft Installer MSI Z88 Aurora ist voll kompatibel zu Z88 V13 Bestehende Z88 V13 Dateien k nnen ein fach importiert werden Note Always compare FE calculations with analytical rough calculations results of experiments plausibility considerations and other tests without exception Keep in mind that sign definitions of Z88 and also other FEA programs differ from the usual definitions of the analytical technical mechanics from time to time A Unit conventions are independently managed by the user The material database inte grated in Z88 Aurora uses the units mm t N Z88 Aurora is a powerful complex computer program which is still in the development phase Please note that currently not all the functions are implemented therefore certain functions cannot be selected and the modification of parameters in the user interface to some extent show no effect How Z88 deals with other programs and utilities etc is not predictable It is the aim of this research version to give you an understanding of the fundamental operating concept The developers of Z88 Aurora are interested in constantly improving this sof
35. k d wy hi 3 An L1 M ce y La T y rt T LL 3 Element growing 4 a Supress 4 b Supress rule A or chosen elements not chosen elements 4 Maske Select elements Maske Select elements Maske Not selerted elements 4 Maske Not selected elements Figure 23 Hiding elements The menu Hide is only activated if you have already selected some elements Numbering The Numbering menue includes the following sub items Number nodes S Node numbers of selected nodes are shown hidden Number elements V Label elements Element numbers of selected nodes are shown hidden 5 5 tts A views and View Options Several predefined views with standard orientations are available in Z88 Aurora see Figure 24 The boundary conditions as well as the coordinate system can be shown or hidden at your choice For further information about showing the boundary conditions see chapter Applying Boundary Conditions 27 Aurora User Manual zx view w coordin A how constrain show coordinate system show constraints autoscale ENA YON x MINOUA LU ans Va eseo emna Figure 24 View options in Z88 Aurora A Double clicking the respective icon or further clicking after the first orientation will ro tate the view by 180 28 66 Aurora Z User Manual 5 6 R amp G E G Labels The menu item Labels is used to indicate the respe
36. le A all for example contact surfaces of bolts adjacent to the drill hole can be comfortably selected by means of a suitable combination of Node chain Node growth and Element selection Figure 16 A If you do not achieve the desired result please note the information in the status dis play below the work area 22 User Manual 3 Elementselection Rule A all 4 Nodes growing Rule A all Figure 16 Node selection Rule A all Node growth Rule B area With this function a range of nodes on an area can be selected This option too can be combined with others thus selecting the respective surface elements Figure 17 1 Select one node 2 Elementselection Rule A or 3 Nodes growing Rule B surface A Elementselection Rule C surface Figure 17 Node growth rule B surface 23 56 Aurora User Manual v s Selecting all surface nodes The option Selecting all surface nodes selects all nodes on the surface this way hydro Static pressures for example can be applied to a component Figure 18 1 No selection 2 Select all surface nodes Figure 18 Selecting all surface nodes Labels The functions Label gt picking nodes and Label gt picking elements effect the corre sponding node element numbers of the selected objects to be displayed e Label gt picking Nodes 1 Select nodes 2 Label picking nodes Figure 19 Labelling of nodes e Label
37. means of Material Name Identifier and Material Number In the second input array the material properties such as Young s Modulus Poisson s ratio and density A Unit den sity t mm are entered ai Paramter of material lt sort of material Material name short name ASTM BS Young s Modulus material properties Poisson Ratio density Figure 44 Context menu material parameters In the case of unalloyed construction steel according to DIN EN 10025 2 this would look as follows e Material name construction steel common name e Identifier S235JR e Material number 1 0038 e Young s Modulus 210 000 N mm e Poisson s Ratio 0 29 e Density 7 85 E 9 t mm A Please note that you have to enter a dot as decimal point and that the material name must be clear e g construction steel1 construction steel2 etc With OK the mate rial is transferred into the database 4 edit With the pushbutton you can edit already entered materials and remove m delete close them again if necessary with Via the database is saved and the tab closes 45 56 Aurora User Manual v A For modules which are still in development such as non linear strength calculations natural frequency analysis contact and thermal analyses input masks thermal and non linear properties already exist they will not be accessible however before the above mentioned modules are implemented in a late
38. ning along the edge of an FE model By means of this picking option it is possible to select edges of drill holes or circumferential edges of a profile The following options are possible e Node chain Start Starts a node chain along the edge circumferentially or between two selected points e Node chain Alter Switches between the different alternatives of the edge connection between two se lected points successively The single possibilities are illustrated in Figure 13 Select a node 1 Select a node 2 String of nodes Start Select two nodes m 1 Select two nodes 2 String of nodes Start 3 String of nodes Change Figure 13 Node chain Nodes on an area If you want to select for example the inside surface of a drill hole for the application of boundary conditions you can use the function Nodes on an area Figure 14 20 2s Prscor User Manual Angle 00 A Angle 20 0 X Ahhrechen Angle 40 0 Te 1 Select node 2 Choose option nodes onto a surface 3 Choose angle Figure 14 Nodes on an area Pick a node with _ click Now select the function mentioned above an input mask appears where you have to enter an angle and confirm the dialog with OK This value describes the angle between the element containing the selected node and the ad jacent elements If the value is less than or equal to the one you entered the nodes of the respected elements are select
39. nts a Labelling Nodes and Elements amp Labelling Nothing Nodes and Elements Gar A AL UE Size of Boundary Conditions Gauss Points Pick Points Sie of boundary conditions S Rise of Gauss Points FE size of Pick Points Toolbar Views 6 es 5 BE CONTEXT SENSITIVE SIDE MENUS 6 1 6 2 S Import and Export of CAD and FE Data Importing Exporting Import Export in the Text Menu Bar Toolbar Import Export e Exporting an Image p Preprocessor Preprocessor in the text menu bar Toolbar preprocessor B Creating FE Structures Trusses Beams eS Meshing A Prove Mesh G clement parameters 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 34 35 35 35 36 37 37 37 40 42 43 6 3 6 4 6 5 66 Aurora Z User Manual i fe Material 44 A we Applying Boundary Conditions 48 Eg Solver 54 Option Cuthill McKee Algorithm in Extended Options in the Solver Menu 57 The Solver in the Text menu bar 58 Postprocessor 59 ry A Xx ta FT Help Support and Option settings 62 Help 62 A Examples 63 Y Information 67 ei Support 68 F Option Settings 68 User Manual 1 AN OVERVIEW OF THE USER INTERFACE Z88 Aurora is characterised by an intuitive operation of the pre and postprocessor The pro ject data management is carried out by means of a project folder management A status dis play provides better ease of use text bar at Z88 Aurora Version Vi
40. odies MAXPRTI i Material Number of materials MAXMAT 1000 Number of material laws MAXNEG zo Pairs of temperature MAXXEPTHEk ho 285 5 Slow 3 Fast Pairs of materialinl MAxxEPMAT TO SS tJ Material model ni MAXMAPAR 100 repann Speed of scaling wth mouse wheel Sori za Fast General Memory 1 Memory 2 Paths view iy ER vo Constraint Speed of rotating Number of loadcase MAXLASTF DENT p M Fast Se Speed of translation Number of Gauss points MAXGP 200000 Parts of histogram MAXSTAT 50 Display resolution 1280 x 1024 Number of trequencies MAXFREQ Subprograms Degrees of freedom MAXNFG fiB00000 ists Number of constraints MAXRBD fisooo Number of pressure oads MAXPRI na Figure 70 Option settings A The global settings for CPU and memory selected here are independent from the local settings in the solver options menu A The changes only take effect after rebooting Z88 Aurora 68
41. orial To increase clarity video sequences dealing with some special topics are available The sin gle videos are accessed via the menu Video help These are e Picking e Views e Node information 9 Hp enn uu Movies with examples to introduce special functionalities are Ways to choose nodes Picking for applying boundary conditions Compendium and flythrough concerning EE DNE the different views ga Movie views Nodal information Display information about g Movie nodal information chosen nodes X Cancel Movie picking Figure 67 Video help in Z88 Aurora e User Manual In the User Manual all functions available in Z88 Aurora are explained 3 Theory Manual The Theory Manual addresses the issue of the computation bases of Z88 Aurora For experi enced Z88 V13 users the differences between Z88 V13 and Z88 Aurora are presented Fur thermore all input and output files as well as the element types are illustrated in detail The modules which are accessed from the user interface are explained here ff Element Library A short description of the element types integrated in Z88 Aurora A Examples By means of five different examples the basic functions are explained 63 LOO roa User Manual i Tit et n ao yon Mr a i d y rai ma an Src Analytic elements Example electrical tower On the basis of this example the data import from Z88 V13 files and the
42. orresponding submenus permit the display of components or values of the respective selection You can have the nodal force of a single or several nodes For this switch to pick ing display via the key F4 and select the respective nodes with 5 EY E hD Switch to the Postprocessor gt Nodal forces display When you click Forces gt Calculate from selection now the nodal forces of the selected nodes are added up component by component and displayed as value in the main window without scaling m stress view e with scaling w Range of Results Range of Results 2 55E 001 8 45E 000 9 45E 4100 1 65E 001 1 66E 001 2 48E 001 2 48E 001 3 30E 001 3 30E 001 4 12E 001 ee ene AE ay d 112E 001 4 S4E 001 4 94E 001 5 76E 001 5 76E 001 6 59E 001 46 58E 001 7 40E 001 7 ADE 001 5 22E 001 8 22E 001 9 03E 001 SA e Bud ENEMIES ON Se s m PZN UN v Mises stresses in corner nodes Figure 63 Scaling the colour plot 60 66 Aurora Z User Manual Furthermore it is also possible to select single or several nodes directly in the 3D model in order to have their displacements and stresses displayed Via the menu Postprocessor 2 Node information a context menu opens and the view display switches to Picking With sug n you can select single nodes if you want to select several nodes at the same time you can create an enveloping box by means of Shif
43. parately the respective constraint can be selected via View gt Constraint gt Only 50 User Manual File MWETM Preprocessor Solver Postprocessor Help Toolbars d Autoscale s at btt gt FF RR S 1 Rotations 3D FF Z limit towards viewer 3D Color Shaded Surface mesh O Mesh 1f Picking Surface Solid view Default views 1 Coordinate system Constraints Labels Size constraints Size Gauss points Size pick points All BCs v Only U1 UX 0 Only U2 UY 0 Only U3 UZ 0 Only U4 RotX 0 Only U5 RotY 0 Only U6 RotZ 0 Only U given Only surface loads Only forces X vv wo iba Forces Z Only forces Y Only forces Z Figure 51 View display separate boundary condition Defined boundary conditions can be displayed or hidden via in the icon menu bar at any time show constraints icon menu bar DSHS 410 Om bbe 0 925 U1 Ux 0 Plates UZ 0 U2 UY D Plates Rotx 0 U3 UZ 0 Plates Rot Y 0 U4 Rotx 0 U RotrY n we Ub RotZ 0 E Displacements given loadcase 1 case_1 calculate loadcases all Surface Pressure Loads Forces X Forces Y Forces Z LES Anurora Structure FE Vas View Solid all elements Figure 52 Accessing the boundary condition display via the boundary conditions icon in the icon menu bar 51 User Manual Removing boundary conditions There are two possibilities to remove applied boundary condi
44. possible to launch a new project folder or to open an existing project In the first version of Z88 Aurora one kind of simulation is possible the linear strength analysis shows or hides location create new folder Co e A 4 Tom gt Desktop Aurora test o3 Create Folder Location ee 5 selection of directo LII CENE in which the new folder should be created amp DVD RW Laufwerk D BD ROM Laufwerk F S DVD RW Laufwerk ole Add Linear strength determination v lj Figure 4 Project folder management of Z88 Aurora 4 1 Launching a New Project Folder c Create a new folder gt Enter folder name Name gt Confirm T Return and double click i left mouse button to activate folder Click OK to confirm The input mask disappears you can start the compilation of the computation model A For further use the project folder can be put into the quick access gt Add 13 User Manual create new folder DVD RW Laufwerk D lt BD ROM Laufwerk F 8 DVD RW Laufwerk DVD RW Laufwerk D BD ROM Laufwerk F f 8 DVD RW Laufwerk new folder name E to activate folder double click put folder to quick access es Add Remove Figure 5 Launching a new project folder 4 2 Opening a Project Folder Select a project folder to open XV Project information c Select L
45. processor are introduced separately below Create FE structure create truss and Fb a Je eamsj trusses beam structures Ebeamsrusses Mesh generation free mesher mapped mesher i create tetrahedron generation of tetrahedron super elements mesh super elements Parameters of elements define parameters of elements gt Define Material 85 Aurora MI Database material database J Define 4 define material Constraints apply constraints Apply constraints Loadcases es Add um Remove now 1 define loadcases and associate various constraints In Z88 Aurora 1 calculate loadcases all A only one loadcase is currently possible Figure 33 Side menu Preprocessor 36 2s Prscor User Manual Preprocessor in the text menu bar All functions of the preprocessor can be accessed via the text menu bar spei Solver Postprocessor E Create Rods Beams gt Mesh Tetrahedrons Si Mesh Superelements Mesh check Apply parameters of elements JI Material database Select material A Constraints Input data Figure 34 Text menu bar Preprocessor As an additional function the text menu bar offers the function prove mesh for quality checks of imported or created meshes and the function input data where the Z8811 TXT Z8815 TXT entries can be viewed Toolbar preprocessor In the menu Help under O
46. ptions you find the tab View where the possibility to display the toolbar Preprocessor B ER a l A is offered B Creating FE Structures Trusses Beams Like in Z88 V13 it is possible in Z88 Aurora to create and calculate truss and beam struc tures amp nodes elements X close amp select clear Figure 35 Creation truss beam menu Nodes creating new node coordinates 37 56 Aurora User Manual Vu Wood e enter x W d4 e enter y nn 7 e enter z gt click add After entering the data the nodes can be edited or deleted The selection of the nodes to be changed can be done by means of the mouse or via the se lection from the list Selection via mouse An gt the node to be edited gt the node turns red gt with R the node is selected in the table for further editing A For further information about the selection of nodes see chapter a Picking Selection from the list gt a select the node to be edited from the list gt the node turns red WT TM W ai elements x mm 3000 4 add node y mm 5000 4 edit node X close 3 0 0 X cose 5000 0 z mm o R select select node 00 S000 0 Knoten 4 delete node 4 1500 8000 0 amp clear clear selection Figure 36 Selected node in the truss beam menu 38 Afterwards the selected node can be Q edited or mm deleted User Manual When all nodes have been
47. r version of Z88 Aurora I gt Allocating Material The materials defined in the material database can be allocated to the imported or created FE models Via B you access the preprocessor menu there you click the pushbutton Select material to open the Allocate Material tab alternatively Preprocessor gt Allocate Material The allocation menu is divided into several parts Figure 45 In the left window materials saved in the material database are displayed which can be allocated to the model via the middle pushbutton right sector 3D view Apply material 6 1 Alloyed case hardening steel 15NiCr13 1 5752 Alumina L 2 0 N Elements Alloyed temperature resisting steel 24CrMo5 1 7258 Alloyed temperature resisting steel l1iCrMo9 10 1 7383 Alloyed tough at subzero steel 26CrMo4 1 7219 applied material Alumina Aluminium alloy EN_AW Al Mg3 3 3535 Brass Cuzn37 2 0321 Constitutive law Hooke material c Add predefined material database apply options 4a Remove d Save X close Maternal characteristics Young s Modulus 380000 Poi s Ratio 0 25 properties of the p yiii 4056 00 properties of the selected material in the material database vo applied material Figure 45 Allocate Material tab When you select a material from the list on the left its properties are displayed in the mid dle area under Material properties There you will find the allocation options where you can
48. rmation can be viewed in two different places C Users Tom Desktop Aurora_test haus Analysis Linear strength determination Number of nodes 5 Number of elements 6 Matenal Einsatzstahl Results B DVD RW Laufwerk L User Manual Figure 68 Project information at opening a project folder left and via the icon in the icon menu bar right The analysis type the number of nodes the number of elements the material and possibly existing results are listed s About Z88 Aurora U ser InteR face fOr Reliable FEA A FREE Finite Elements Analysis Program with Pre and Postprozessing in ANSI C and Gtk for the MS Wd amp MAC 0S X Composed and copyright by Professor Dr Ing Frank Rieg University of Bayreuth Germany Developed by Professor Dr Ing Frank Rieg Dr Ing Bettina Alber Laukant Dipl Wrtsch Ing Reinhard Hackenschmidt Dipl Math Martin Neidnicht Dipl Ing Florian Nuetzel Dipl Ing Bernd Roith Dipl Ing Alexander Troll Dipl Ing Christoph Wehmann Dipl Ing Jochen Zapf Dipl Ing Markus Zimmermann Dr Ing Martin Zimmermann Solver Z88R V14 0 Pre and Postprozessing Z88 AuroraV1 Floats 8 Bytes Integers 4 Bytes Pointers 8 Bytes Compiled with FR GLEXT Release 28 05 2010 12 00 Figure 69 Version information Z88 Aurora 67 User Manual IN Support A Homepage See www z88 de for further information P4 Email If you n
49. rora this mesher can be used for tetrahedrons with 4 nodes Possibility of in fluence on the meshing within Z88 Aurora Input of the maximum element size and the refinement factor Create FE structure E beams trusses Mesh generation Meshparameter Max edgelength 10 E mesh create 9 Linear tetrahedrons No 17 F3 delete mesh Q Quadratic tetrahedrons No 16 d cancel Meshparameter Freemesher Tetgen free mesher agped mesher tetrahedron super elements Parameters of elements e Define Max Element Size 1000 EJ mesh create Netgen Material Fineness Factor 0 0 1 0 0 5 F8 delete mesh Vl Database Linear Tetrahedrons No 17 H cancel J Define Constraints AA constraints TI pply Loadcases Start meshing uj Add mm Remove by pushing the OK button The window shuts down after the meshing has finished calculate loadcases all Figure 40 Creating tetrahedron meshes and options TetGen NETGEN c Select TetGen or NETGEN gt determine mesh parameter and element type gt click mesh create gt afterwards either Fi delete mesh and change parameter or lq Save and leave the tetrahedron menu AA Depending on the selected mesher the mesh creation may take some time Please note the information window meshing and the status display 41 56 Aurora User Manual Ze ES Generating Super Elements Mesh Generator Z
50. rt and export options in Z88 Aurora Importing As an example the import procedure of a STEP file is demonstrated Figure 27 Select Import Export Click S STEP file a selection window is opened gt Select file c Click OK to confirm Hal 31 User Manual DVD RW Laufwerk D 5 BD ROM Laufwerk F DVD RW Laufwerk A name m Zos Aurora select step import a eometry FE structure a selection NE window opens QZ STEP File amp Nastran File amp STL File f Abaqus File QE DXF File Ansys File 42 Cosmos File Yesterday at 18 58 7 21 06 2010 74 Z88 File export geometry fe structure amp export STL f Abaqus export DE export DXF select step file stp v file filter ies confirm Figure 27 Import of a STEP file For users who have already worked with Z88 there is the possibility to import existing Z88 input files into Aurora In the process the definition files required by 288 Aurora are created automatically A more profound insight into the file structure of Z88 Aurora is offered by chapter 3 of the Theory Manual The input files Z8811 TXT Z8812 TXT Z8813 TXT Z8815 TXT and the mesh generator file Z88NI TXT can be imported The file Z88l4 TXT is not required any longer in Z88 Aurora A The default setting which input file is supposed to be imported is defined by the user Figure 28 A The import procedure
51. rt in the text menu bar Toolbar Import Export In the menu Help under Options you find the tab View where the possibility to display the toolbar mport m d pa a a eq 7 ake is offered e Exporting an Image A plot within Z88 Aurora can be exported as an image bmp at any time For this either click the icon in the Import Export toolbar or in the file menu see Figure 32 Jf View Preprocessor Solver Postprocessor H wise eeam tu Open project kaj Save project as 3 Close project B Remove FE structure Import A i Geometry stl QE DXF dxf Fe ABAQUS inp LOB Image bmp Figure 32 Exporting a picture A For the export ofa picture the side menu must always be closed This is done by click ing the respective symbol of the icon menu bar again 35 56 Aurora User Manual Z2 6 2 ES Preprocessor Clicking the preprocessor icon opens the context sensitive side menu Preprocessor Figure 33 You can either create an FE structure or mesh an imported geometry Afterwards it is possible to select a material from the database or to edit your own material In addition all mechanical boundary conditions can be applied In later versions of Z88 Aurora it will be possible to allocate different boundary conditions to certain load cases and to display them separately in the postprocessor At the moment Z88 Aurora is limited to one load case All possibilities of the pre
52. s can also be accessed via the menu bar Postprocessor Figure 62 Apart from the Displaced view you can also change the single factors of the displacement display here by adjusting the factors FUX FUY and FUZ accordingly Thus displacements can be displayed at a larger or smaller scale as you wish With Mesh the surface mesh of the calculated structure is shown and hidden 59 m av 56 Aurora User Manual X Dhrechan Y Direction Z Direction Magnitude displacement components value Postprocessor Deflected Stresses at comer nodes Magnifications Stresses per element lt Mesh Stresses in Gauss points Range of Results stress plot Displacements r Nodal forces X Stresses La Nodal forces Y Force Pry Nodal forces Z Magnitude of nodal forces amp Node information W Calculate from selected F Output data b nodal forces input data checked Z882oD txt Constraints checked ZBBol xt Displacements ZBHO2 txt Stresses 78803 t Nodal forces ZBB804 txt created output data Figure 62 Postprocessor menu bar Scaling opens a context menu where you can enter the limits of the displayed stresses deformations and nodal forces Depending on the given interval only the values between the MIN and the MAX value are displayed in different colours Figure 63 This way ex cessive stresses can be hidden or only critical stresses shown The options Displacements Stresses and Forces with c
53. so be edited here Depending on the selected element type the respective geometry data can be entered now all elements In the process you can allocate one geometry for all elements or step by step different geometry gt from to for single elements enter parameters according to element type 3D view Apply parameters of elements iement Typ 4 elements Edittable for parameters of elements 1 4 fom 4 Crass Section Value QPARA or a 4 mut Second Moment of eria lyy a Apply sou an ee ee n use precasted element geometry amp parameters 5 PIE TER Second Momerit of Reria lez of elements 4 Z Edk emy Table 60 Max distance trom neutral axis zmax Second Moment of Area itt r second soda we O n fel Calculate Parameter of Elements gen A apply d ati d ur sire B Iby 0 existing elements b TE f Delete A save X Close renmen a e g da Rectangular profile calculate va 0 f orimported I profile Z8811 TXT apply of parameters from element X gt to element Y afterwards more specifications are following according to element type ox KM cancel geometry values are calculated automatically and are undertaken according to the used element type Circle v apply D d A B Ls bz h It calculate D M ee Figure 42 Element parameters menu The element parameters can be en
54. t key pressed and left mouse button for k ak show further information see chapter Picking If you clic a list of selected nodes is ai Cxport gt Csv displayed which you can also export as CSV file via The node information contains node number current coordinates and the displacement component by X close deletes the selection ends the dialog Figure amp clear component and value 64 546 23 5051 44 1306 35 0688 0 0181927 0 0155904 0 0344173 0 0419355 fo 547 20 7219 45 5039 30 3791 0 0136213 0 0159075 0 0387924 0 0440845 NAN A n nn amp A NVOTINI N NASOS X export csv sao NA FISS AS SANFST7 22402 n MIA vi Figure 64 Node information Under Postprocessor gt Output files you can access the single output files of the calcula tion in order to get the exact numerical values there for further information see Z88 Aurora Theory Manual e 78800 TXT prepared input data e 78801 TXT prepared boundary conditions e 78802 TXT calculated displacements e 78803 TXT calculated stresses e 78804 TXT calculated nodal forces With the integrated statistics function tab menu the relative as well as the absolute statis tic frequency of the calculated stress values here according to v Mises can be displayed Figure 65 In order to use this function a stress output must be selected in the 3D view If you leave the partition of the bar diagram at exactly 11 standard value th
55. te surface solid view po z que Deselect Nodes Deselect Nodes Deselect Nodes Deselect Elements Deselect Elements Neselect Flements Deselect All Deselect All Deselect All String of nodes Start Nodesgrowing Rule A ali String of nodes Start String of nodes Change Label gt picking node String of nodes Change Nudes onlo a surlaue Label gt picking elements Nodosqrowinq Rule A fall AYE ae en Elementselection Rule A or Label gt picking node MEE A ERE E ano Elementzalection Rule B Label gt picking elements Choose all surface nodes ma m aa Label gt picking node ementseiection Rule C surtace Elementselection Rule A or Label gt picking elements Label nodes Elementselection Rule B and M HERE AA A LAN Label elements Elemneritsetection Rule C surface t ementsetection Kile B and Labe nodes Elementselection Rule C surface Label elements Label nodes Label elements Figure 12 Picking menu Deselecting The Deselecting area includes the following sub items Deselect Nodes selected nodes are deselected Deselect Elements selected elements are deselected Deselect All selected nodes and elements are deselected Node Selection The Node Selection area contains the following functions Node chain 19 66 Aurora User Manual Z2 A node chain is a group of adjacent nodes run
56. tered manually Additionally it is possible to have ele ment shapes such as circle pipe rectangle square profile l profile or cross profile com puted automatically This is done via 43 m Zos Aurora User Manual 5 amp Calculate Parameter of Elements ly 5 Select element shape and b shape and input parameters appear 5 Enter input parameters calculate gt OK c F add Depending on the selected element type only the required data are context sensitively cho sen and used for calculation il Ie Material In order to carry out static strength analyses the present version of Z88 Aurora offers a ma terial database containing more than 50 established construction materials i Z88 Aurora Material Database The Z88 Aurora material database is selected in the preprocessor menu E via the button aM or via Preprocessor gt Material Database To facilitate your work with Z88 Aurora several materials such as miscellaneous types of steel and aluminium have already been predefined When you select a material from the list on the left its allocated properties will be displayed on the right side Figure 43 Material law Hooke material linear parameters edit materials Young s Modul Porsson Rabo 0 33 density 2 66E 09 Alloyed temperature resisting stee 24CrMo5 1 7258 Alloyed tough at subzero steel 26CrMo4 1 7218 Alumina A 203 Aluminium alloy EN AWA
57. tions A Next time a loadcase is to be created an alert window opens because this function will be avialable in future Versions of Z88 Aurora 5 warning de Unfortunately only one loadcase can be added at this time Figure 48 Warning Number of load cases exceeded 48 User Manual de add m delete 0 With the load case can also be created deletes all existing load Cases After the creation of the load case and its activation the dialog window Constraints can be Apply constraints opened with Adding boundary conditions Tvpes of constraints varying with element type Pressure Force HG 1 Richtung Constraints view Picking view Force FG 2 y Richtung rorce DOF 1 x direction Force FG 3 z Richtung Aum van Canne DOC J y directinn Constraint fall direchons Constraint FG 1 x directian Constraint FG 2 y directian Curedrainl FG 2 2 direi Consitaint all directions Constraint OOF I direction Constraint DOF 2 y direcbon Pree Constraint Type Set current constraint Save current constraint set Value 2 gt d Pave Leave dialog constraints torce allocation Calculation with Ht rules Selection of nodes Same value far every node x m entire surface or individual Figure 49 Dialog box Constraints Figure 49 shows the possibilities of the application of boundary conditions Displacements pressures and forces can be applied With respect to for
58. tions On the one hand the number of nodes where the boundary condition is applied can be modified command Re move on the other hand all displacements forces or pressures can be removed command Clean The selection of the nodes is done via Picking again Delete erases the marked nodes from the current constraint Constraint Nodeselection View Type Switch c Apply Angle o selection 4 H Save Value Calculat Gi Calculate Node x Purge L force allocation Same value for every NE Constraint Purge erases completely all existing Force constraints from the respective type Pressure Figure 53 Removing boundary conditions e BE size of boundary conditions The function Size of boundary conditions effects that the shown boundary conditions are displayed at a larger or smaller scale in the preprocessor menu Postprocessor YETI Preprocessor Solver Toolbars Autoscale amp Rotations 3D FF Z limit towards viewer Color b Shaded Surface mesh amp 3J Mesh t Picking 3 Surface Solid view Default views v i Coordinate system Constraints Labels Size constraints Size Gauss points Size pick points Te ae wa S7 9l ROV dq ad N FE Figure 54 Changing the size of boundary conditions 52 66 Aurora Hii User Manual A The labelling of the boundary conditions is not scaled
59. tware Proposals suggestions and remarks can be sent to z88aurora uni bayreuth de In addition FAQs are available on the homepage www z88 de User Manual LICENSE Software Products Z88 Aurora Software as delivered Software Licensor Chair for Engineering Design and CAD LCAD This is a legal agreement between you the end user and Chair for Engineering Design and CAD Universitaetsstr 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany By installing by downloading or by agreeing to the integrated conditions of this End User License Agreement you are agreeing to be bound by the terms of this agreement If you do not agree to the terms of this agreement promptly return the Software and the accompanying items including written materials and binders or other containers to the place you obtained them for a full refund 1 Grant of license This LCAD license agreement license permits you to use a copy of the Software acquired with this license on any computer in multiple number of installations The Software is in use on a computer when it is loaded into the temporary memory or installed into the permanent memory e g hard disk CD ROM or other storage device of that computer 2 Copyright The Software is owned by LCAD and is protected by copyright laws international treaty provisions and other national laws Therefore you must treat the Software like any other copyrighted material e g a book There is no right to use trade
60. ve project data Figure 7 Project folder management in the text menu bar 15 56 Aurora User Manual 5 VIEW The view display can be edited in many ways in Z88 Aurora In addition to the functionalities of Z88 V13 it is possible to display often required tool bars to change the background and legend colour or to switch miscellaneous additional view options on and off View Preprocessor Solver Toolbars b ISTP STL DXF a Ee e 2255 STL PEs DXF CO Autoscale eee ka BOM a View cz BRey seme SS Preprocessor amp X Rotations 3D gt Z limit towards viewer E Fi S aae MI l A Color gt Legend color e Shaded Ed Background color Surface mesh O Mesh v All BCs f2 Picking Only U1 UX 0 EI Surface Solid view t X Y View Only U2 UY 0 Default views p amp XZView Only U3 UZ 0 ti Y Z View No labels Only U4 Rotx 0 iz Coordinate system Pick nodes Only U5 RotY 0 Constraints k Nodes Only U6 RotZ 0 Elements Only U given labis Zoom Label al Only surface loads Size constraints b Zoom Only forces X Size Gauss points E fi Zoom Only forces Y Zoom Size pick points d amp Zoom 8 Zoom Only forces Z ho Zoom Figure 8 View options 5 1 Toolbars For import export view and preprocessor it is possible to show additional toolbars This can be done permanently via the settings in the options menu View Toolbars or session oriented via the menu V
61. xt steps element parameters geometry cross section etc material and boundary conditions must be allocated For this please consult the help for Element parameters ill i Material or KI Z88 Aurora Material Database ep E Meshing You have two possibilities of meshing parts in 288 Aurora On the one hand a continuum can be meshed to miscellaneous FE structures with the mesh generator Z88N via the inter mediate step of super element creation On the other hand two Open Source meshers Tet Gen and NETGEN for the creation of tetrahedron meshes are integrated in 288 Aurora e Creating a tetrahedron mesh After import of geometry via STEP or STL the part can be meshed by tetrahedrons Two Open Source meshers are available e TetGen was developed by Dr Hang Si of the research group Numerical Mathematics and Scientific Computing at the Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Sto chastics in Berlin In Z88 Aurora this mesher can be used for tetrahedrons with 4 or 10 nodes Possibility of influence on the meshing within Z88 Aurora Input of the maximum edge length 40 56 Aurora Z User Manual e NETGEN was mainly developed by Professor Joachim Sch berl Institute of Analysis and Scientific Computing at the Vienna University of Technology research group Computational Mathematics in Engineering within the framework of the projects Numerical and Symbolic Scientific Computing and the Start Project hp FEM In Z88 Au
62. you can hide and show elements of the FE mesh in pre as well as with postprocessor This can be especially helpful when applying boundary conditions to hidden edges and recesses furthermore it can facilitate the evaluation of the displace ments stresses etc in the postprocessor For example you can create a half section as follows Figure 23 e Switch to the picking view with TI by pressing the key J There you open a window e st with ii hold in order to select the desired node area 6 e With you access the picking menu and select the item Element selection rule A or Thus all elements adjoining the selected points are selected e Now access the Picking menu again with to find the Hide menu activated there Use Hide Selected elements to suppress the selected elements Hide Not selected elements hides all other elements e f you want to show the elements again you have to remove the check mark in front of the previously selected option in the picking menu To access the selection again you can mark the option once more 26 User Manual o NERETI El Fou Lu Fip hae a fb te Pe Re ate Ce DE RAP p a A ga verit CL ees ae kha ict d Tori E LN APPEL rp ae ak Se ee Ze a MET kok ae Z s a TS ki a 0 Plot amm e Tr M CER de i RL L Phil ay a TE Vd x zi mari Re oe ud tH i viti Ha e Ag a ma LK LE Bd Li

Z88 AURORA BENUTZERHANDBUCH - ftp @ uni

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents