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About DMDE 3.0 Help

1. Retry Retry volume locking Dismount the volume Warning All used volume handles will be lost e g unsaved data in opened files will Ponce be lost Try RAW writing without locking the volume Warning File system may be damaged or RAW write access Ignore may be denied by operating system Cancel Cancel the operation Warning You should not lock or dismount the volume from where DMDE software runs from You may not lock or dismount system volume DMDE unlocks volumes when closing the device currently used Additionally you may manually manage volume locking using menu Lock Volumes for Write 42 Menu Tools TOC Work Menu Menu Tools e Recover e Search in found by name e Reconstruct File System e Full Scan e Cluster Map e Update Cluster Map e Clear Directory Tree e NTFS Tools e Copy Sectors e Fill Sectors e Search for Special Sector e Search String in Object e Search again 43 Volume Commands TOC Work Menu Tools Volume Commands Search in found by name List files matching the specified pattern See Data Recovery for options Search is performed over already found volume files Reconstruct file system to list deleted and other found files too Update Cluster Map Update file allocation information Clear Directory Tree Reset reconstructed virtual directory tree View directory structure without the results of NTFS FAT Search and file system
2. DOS ATA Interface or BIOS Services Then select and open the volume in the dialog box Partitions If it is not possible to open the volume in such a way or data is still not properly recoverable try using the next method for the most complicated cases 3 Run Full Scan and open one of the found volume variants Read the section Full Scan for more efficient recovery in this case Use the command Open volume parameters in the context menu to manually change some parameters before opening the volume If the initial storage is a RAID you probably need to Construct RAID instead of opening single physical device Also the volume may be opened from the Editor Window when view the volume boot sector or boot sector copy in a Boot sector mode 18 Data Recovery TOC Work Menu Tools Data Recovery Attention If files are recovered incorrectly or there are other problems make sure you are using a legal software copy Attention Do not recover to the same partition which contains source data to recover It is highly recommended to recover data to another physical device You may recover to another partition of the same device only if you are sure that source and destination partitions don t overlap and device has no physical problems Do not load system or run program from the partition where data to recover is located Before data recovery you should find and open volume The recovery results depend on results of the volume search
3. NTFS and exFAT volumes 24 Device Selection TOC Work Menu Drive Select drive Device Selection Select disk for further work If device size is detected incorrectly refer to System Requirements issues Options Physical Devices Interfaces Logical disks and DOS Services Preferable access type depends on the problem e g for data recovery see volume opening DOS Options Use direct device access for IDE and SATA devices in IDE mode ATA Interface The preferable way to access devices with bad sectors BIOS Services Use BIOS functions to access devices DOS Services Use DOS functions to access logical disks DOS ASPI Access to SCSI USB and other devices via ASPI drivers if any Other Disk Images click or the topmost list item to add new image for further work RAID option forwards to RAID constructor Show partitions option causes express searching and displaying partitions just after opening device Parameters button allows manually setting device I O parameters Devices in Linux If some specific devices are not listed you may use the option Disk Images and manually enter required device path e g dev mmcb1k0 or dev mapper truecryptl1 25 Device I O Parameters TOC Work Menu Drive Device I O Dialog Box Device I O Handler Script Device I O Parameters Interface A way to access disk volume may be set when selecting device OS Windows IO FILE Use ReadFile WriteFile functions to acc
4. as invalid cluster or sector numbers are silently ignored Parameters Log file contains a report on the copied sectors and errors If a is selected as a source then sector numbers are relative to the beginning of the disk not the partition The option use log to continue copying allows skipping already copied sectors the option is available in Professional Edition only In particular if copy settings and parameters are not changed then copying will continue from the last position when started The option may also be used for multi pass copying with decreasing jumps on bad sectors preliminary copying of important areas copying in different directions Changing some device I O parameters decreasing jump over sectors increasing auto retries number from 0 decreasing I O buffer size if there are 0 retries on a new pass will cause copying sectors previously skipped due to jumps after bad sectors The option Retry copying bad sectors from log is to copy bad sectors again when all skipped sectors are already copied Professional Edition only On each pass bad sectors are being copied from the beginning continuation is not possible Flush log when number of sectors copied flush buffer log to disk update log file regularly when number of sectors is copied The button Parameters allows setting device I O parameters to handle errors such as retries jumps through bads etc Reverse copy copy backward from the end to the beginnin
5. is supported by OS during recovery regardless of the selected code page By default OS code pages are used if applicable Code pages from Ini file if defined override them Code pages from the selected Ing file Lng override everything if Apply Codepages option is checked in the dialog box Select Language Lng file string 107 is for ANSI Ing file string 108 is for OEM codepage l INI file settings usecodepage ANSI code page oemcodepage OEM code page translitenable Translit viewtranslit Translit 13 Settings TOC Installation and Run Settings Settings are stored in the file dmde ini in the software directory See the file for the parameter descriptions Device I O Parameters can be changed at runtime 14 Issues and Limitations TOC Installation and Run Known Issues and Other Limitations Data Recovery e DOS Win9x ME unicode symbols in file names outside the selected code page are replaced with _ or transliterated according to the loaded translit tables e DOS Win9x ME or FAT unable to recover file greater then 4GB as a single file due to a FAT limitation e NTFS alternate streams can be recovered to NTFS volumes only e One file hard link per NTFS directory is recoverable e One alt stream hard link per NTFS file is recoverable e NTFS symbolic links are not supported e NTFS encrypted files are not supported e NTFS permissions and owners are not supported e Ext
6. scanning a logical disk The software may read beyond the selected area if it is necessary Open volume Open volume selected in the list Save Save search log to a file Load Load search log from a file to continue previous search or to use previous search results Start Stop Start stop scan If the scan area is not changed the scan will continue from the last point Scan range Select the area to scan Is is possible to select one of the partitions or any drive extent Menu Besides allows changing volume sorting order The special search method allows detecting volumes without prior complete scan of the selected area Scan is not continuous but l discrete with increasing of the sampling frequency Volumes with the most number of files are being found first NTFS exFAT ext2 3 4 The columns and Check allow estimating data recovery quality of a found volume variant the percentage and number of successful reference matchings Min Size is the minimum size containing all files in the best volume FS blocks FAT The column Indicators shows the absence damage or presence of the corresponding FS structures B boot sector copy F FAT table copy R root directory The column Check shows the number of found directories corresponding to the volume variant RAW File Search File signatures are used to find lost files if FS cannot be used Additionally file signatures are used as reference points to calculate
7. up may worsen the problem or cause complete inability to recover data If device size is detected incorrectly Attention Do not load operating system install or run the program on a partition where lost or damaged data is located data to recovery otherwise it may be erased irrevocably To prevent writing to the problem disk it is highly recommended to load the system from the removable media LiveCD USB bootable DOS disk etc To install and run the program just extract entire software package into a single directory may be on removable media and run dmde exe or dmde depending on a version You need Aministrator Superuser priveleges to access devices in Windows NT Linux To run the software without Adminstrator rights add the parameter notadmin 1 to the file dmde ini To uninstall the software just remove the extracted files and directories Operating Systems Windows 98 ME Attention Without special patches Windows 9x ME handles 128GB and larger drives incorrectly To avoid the problem reload computer in MS DOS mode and use DMDE for DOS to access such drives via BIOS or ATA interface or load another OS Windows 2K XP To use the program you should login as Administrator Attention To work with 128GB and larger drives you need Windows 2K SP4 with LBA48 support manually switched on in the registers or Windows XP SP2 LBA48 is switched on by default Windows Vista 7 higher To run the program as Administrator right click t
8. write the image to a floppy disk Use the image as a source file and fdd as a destination device ISO images for bootable CD may also be created on the base of boot FDD images with the help of different software DOS Bootable Disk Loading from the specific disk must be supported by BIOS see BIOS boot menu To create bootable USB HDD you need a freshly formatted primary FAT16 FAT32 partition on the disk Non standard disks partitions are not supported non MBR 3TB etc You may probably need to zero the disk to properly create compatible primary FAT partition using standard OS means 1 Download the FreeDOS Package and unpack files into the root of the FAT partition 2 Open the disk as physical device in DMDE and use the command in the Partitions menu to make the device bootable specify the location of unpacked files as a source of boot sectors Apply changes and close DMDE 3 Download DMDE for DOS and unpack into the FAT partition System Requirements TOC Installation and Run System Requirements Common Requirements e Drives without significant hardware firmware problems Attention If there are physical problems extraneous sounds error messages slow performance etc it is recommended to appeal to specialists e CPU Intel compatible i486 and higher e To save use results reports and settings a valid partition is required which is supported by the operating system in particular FAT partition is required to work i
9. 2 Ext3 Ext4 permissions and owners are not supported e Win9x ME drives greater then 128GB are not handled correctly without special patches applied to Windows drivers e Maximum path length supported 259 characters for DOS 4096 for Windows Linux e Maximum path length supported by DOS 79 or 127 characters for DOS names depending on DOS version e Subdirectory depth is up to 1024 can be increased using maxrecoverdepth parameter e If name substitution is used under DOS then name handling such as auto renaming is not supported NTFS write support e Journal is not supported e SECURITY INFORMATION is not supported on creation to access files and directories it is necessary to set permissions using OS features e OBJECTID is not supported e Additional creation of DOS compatible names is not supported e Compressed files are not supported e Alternate data streams are not supported e To allocate append a file a contiguous free space is required Other e The software may work within the available RAM 32 bit versions may use up to 2GB of RAM only corresponds to the support of 10 million files e Up to 2K items in the list of Devices e Up to 400 volumes in the window Partitions e Up to 16K custom data rotation items striping when constructing Custom RAID e Up to 2K visible items per section for Full Scan showvolumesnum parameter e Up to 16 million MFT fragments of NTFS for Full Scan nt fsmaxmft runs parameter e Maximum s
10. DMDE 3 0 DM Disk Editor and Data Recovery Software User Manual Revision of the Manual 2015 10 21 2005 2015 Dmitry Sidorov Contents About DMDE 3 0 Help E 2 Context e EE En ET EE 2 About KA LU ET 3 ADOULIDMIDE EE eege Shadeceaanacuauspannsa sh acedees tenting smacncas E ssanasabhacduai os sdsag Suedesagvadaaasoyaceso bh acts 4 ACKMOWIEUSEMENE seess ege hee regeert gedeien EES 5 File Descriptions eege g eure a yah E r EE N E RE 6 DO MIDE SE ue LEE H Installation and ROM eege egene dE 8 Operating Systems sg he oiea EERSTEN 8 System E VE EE 10 ee EE 12 EE E sorser oreretarra inae aea EEE TKE a aT Ee EEAS ARE RE NEES EEEa aR 13 E E 14 Known lssuessand Other Bu Le E 15 Updates License Downloads cisctiusssssicdsduavecsiesseckdesctuteasclubsornesicaspesicubdasatebdes st EE EEE EEO EEEN EEES 16 Work with Program ege EENS edd vesias nosini esee iN TEES OEE EDERE AE steed ASNE SERON 17 Pindand Open Volume eege eegene ege NEEE Ea AE egen 18 DataRECOVELY arruinn isni ni aA SEE NE E UE NE EEE ARNE A EEE ATER 19 Partition Management sess Sege seasea an eE aeai ea TEATRE E EAEN ETER de EEEE Eden 21 PUESCAN eneen Eeer EE EREET E E EE E R 24 Device S lection geesde Eed deet Nee EE O R eE EEE ETE E E E T 25 Device VO Parametensy deeg eege ere 26 Disk Images and Clones sicscsivcsssedeeiisstevssaizess saievessaacenssbesuieoauseee ENEE sgadesabaidososasnanssiepesenassavuonaucseisondiosd ed 31 IHR 32 Pile Panel EE 34 Disk Te 35 Disk Ed
11. acters UTF 16 UNIXDATE Unix date seconds since epox FILETIME Windows file time nanoseconds since 1601 F ABCD Flags where A is displayed if bit 0 set and B if bit 0 clear etc 36 Output Output command defines the position on the screen and format for data block or variable or outputs text x X w W c C Format outputs data block at column X with the maximum width W x X w W c C Text outputs Text at column X with the maximum width W in color C Color c C is optional 0 default 1 title 8 red 10 grayed equal sign specifies end of line line feed Conditions Conditions are used in the following way IF Condition commands to be performed if Condition is true ELSE commands to be performed if Condition is false ENDIF where Condition is a comparison lt gt lt etc of two variables constants or data blocks Labels and Jumps Line LABEL N defines a label and command GOTO N is a jump to line LABEL N where N is any constant Inaccurate use of GOTO may cause infinite loop Assignment Operator Assignment operator may be used to assign variables with a constant values data block values other variable values and the result of their addition or subtraction e g 1 2 X Y SOFFSET SOFFSET 8 Switches Switches may be used e g to hide show some lines by clicking or pressing Spacebar E g command 1 TOGGLE N x X outputs button at column X
12. ad computer in MS DOS mode and use DOS version to access drives via BIOS or ATA interface DOS e OS MS DOS 5 0 compatible e Drives supported by BIOS or supported by DOS using ASPI drivers or supporting ATA interface IDE or SATA SATA disks must be switched to IDE compatible mode in BIOS settings for direct ATA access e DOS Extender file CWSDPMI EXE 2000 CW Sandmann in the software directory is enough e At least 200 KB of low memory free e At least 64 MB of extended memory e For extended name duplicates handling during data recovery long name driver is required e g DOSLFN COM Haftman software e If you wish to use a mouse then mouse driver for DOS is required 10 Linux e OS Latest Linux distributions with libc library e 32 bit shared libraries to run 32 bit versions on 64 bit Linux e g Libc6 i386 package e Drives supported by OS e Superuser rights e Root terminal or terminal emulator xterm Konsole Gnome Terminal etc e utf 8 locale support 11 Activation TOC Installation and Run Online HA rn tt 3 Activation Attention After purchasing you should obtain a licensed copy To get all Professional features you should get the software in your personal section In other cases you may just enter your license key into the existing version Please adhere to license terms to avoid license blocking and revoking You may get an updated key as well as information about blocking in your personal section res
13. and which volume is opened To recover all found files including lost and removed files and NTFS altstreams you should open virtual directory All Found Reconstruction in the File Panel This is also required for auto unmarking items during group recovery Free Edition supports recovery of up to 4000 files from the current panel only Dialog Box Recover Button Size Calculate size of the data to recover Global indicator of recovery process is working if the size is calculated You should not calculate the size to avoid unnecessary device load on devices with bad sectors Button List Save list of files selected for recovery to a file Deleted files Recover files marked as deleted see File Panel If the option is not selected deleted files won t be recovered regardless the selection state Checkbox Include Found Recover files marked as found see File Panel If the option is not checked found files won t be recovered regardless the selection state Checkbox Include NTFS altstreams Professional Edition only Recover NTFS alternate data streams Alt stream name and file name are separated by a colon i e FileName StreamName Create report Professional Edition only Save recovery report to a file List files and directories log file I O errors calculate checksums CRC32 MDS SHA1 File filter Define name masks semicolon separated to recover matching files only Wildcards and may be
14. ck data from a file See Changes for details Save Current Partitioning to File Save current partitioning to a file for a backup purposes Available only if the device is partitioned and there are no unapplied changes 22 Apply Partitioning Write changes to the disk See Applying Changes for details 23 NTFS FAT Search TOC Work Menu Tools Full Scan Comprehensive search method allows you to find and virtually rebuild the directory structure of a damaged file system or to find lost files of known types by signatures if a file system can not be used If a file system is not seriously damaged then volumes may be opened before the scan completes In the most complex cases different volume variants may be given You should select and Open volume reconstruct file system and recover files to estimate the quality of a variant If the selected volume variant does not contain necessary files or files are recovered incorrectly you should continue the search or try another variant There are indicators which allow preliminary estimating the quality of a variant details are below If data was moved due to partition move split merge resize operation then some files may be recovered correctly from one volume variant and others from another one despite that files are visible on both volume variants It is recommended to scan selected area of a physical device including old and new location of the volume if it was moved rather than
15. containing files directory not containing files x directory containing deleted files f directory containing found files x directory containing deleted and found files x deleted directory deleted directory containing not deleted files some kind of file system error f deleted directory containing found files x found deleted directory found deleted directory containing general files f found directory name is followed by MFT fragment number in square brackets found directory containing general files found directory containing general and deleted files general file f found file name is followed by MFT fragment number in square brackets x deleted file xf found deleted file MetaData virtual directory containing special file system files L NonameData virtual directory containing MFT files without names gt directory is not completely investigated L l virtual directory containing fragments of a file occupying several MFT files BRVPPHHBPBPBPRBCPEBCGVPVBVCPCPPCL FileName StreamName NTFS alternate data stream StreamName of a file FileName 34 Disk Editor Table of contents Work with program Disk Editor Disk editor allows you to view and edit disk objects such as sectors files and other file system and disk structures in hexadecimal and formatted structured modes including the use of Custom Templates to parse data Select Object e use the men
16. directory Open PATT main cluster table for FAT volume MFT for NTFS Open FAT2 cluster table copy for FAT MFTMirr for NTFS Open MFT Go to the specified MFT file Open all volume sectors Go to the specified volume cluster Open all volume sectors Go to the specified volume sector Open specified drive sectors Go to the specified drive sector Open file located at the current cluster Open directory containing current file Go to the file entry For FAT open FAT1 go to the FAT1 cluster corresponding the current volume cluster FAT Cluster MFT Record For NTFS open MFT go to the MFT record corresponding the current file or volume Cluster Map Goto Object Offset cluster Open Cluster Map Go to the map cluster corresponding the current volume cluster Go to the specified position of the opened object Except for commands Partition Table and Physical Sectors you should open a volume at first 54 Menu Mode TOC Work Menu Menu Mode Toggle Disk Editor view mode Custom Templates Select custom template Hexadecimal Text Use menu item to change view code table FAT Directory Press key to open file data or directory in the Editor window if FAT volume is opened FAT12 FAT16 FAT32 FAT cluster table Press key to jump to the corresponding volume cluster Use the command again or press Fe to switch between MBR GPT GPT Copy Press key to jump to the mentioned sector FA T FAT32 NTFS Boot Record Vol
17. earch depth for File Panel Search is up to 1K directories e Keyboard and mouse input is limited in Linux keyboard shortcuts and national input may not be supported 15 Updates TOC Installation and Run Updates License Downloads Updates are performed in the same way as a first installation License owners may download licensed software copies from the personal site section To restore personal entrance address fill out the form on line http dmde com request html 16 Work with Program Table of Contents Work with program e Find and Open Volume e Data Recovery e Partition Management e Full Scan e Device Selection e Device I O Parameters e Disk Images and Clones e RAID Arrays e File Panel e Disk Editor e Cluster Map File Allocation e Menu Commands 17 Open Volume TOC Work with program Find and Open Volume To browse view edit and recover files and directories you should find and open a volume containing data Use the following methods depending on the damage 1 If a volume is fully available by a letter C D you may open it via the dialog box Select Drive by selecting the options Logical Disks Volumes DOS Services This method is suitable to recover deleted files on healthy volumes If it is not possible to open the volume and correctly recover files then try the next method 2 Select a physical device containing the volume Select drive Physical Devices or under
18. ect serial number 12 or more digits and capital Latin letters 2 Use Online or Offline Activation to complete the association will be stored to dmde ini Further Use on Different Computers Attach the device to a computer run the software and select the device if necessary 3 One time Activation It is designed to one time run the software on a client computer when it is not possible to use portable activation e g for a remote use Download the basic software version without Professional features and enter special license key Client Edition and one time password which are issued in the personal section restore login and then activate Online or Offline 12 Languages Localizations TOC Installation and Run Languages Localizations Dialog Box Select Language Apply Codepages If the option is checked then ANSI and OEM code pages from the selected localization file are used Translit Transliterate interface if there are problems displaying national symbols Code Pages Interface and Data Recovery ANSI code page is used in DMDE interface under Windows and Linux OEM code page is used in DMDE interface under DOS Symbols outside the selected interface codepage are transliterated or substituted OEM code page is used also when read short names 8 3 format from FAT volumes in all DMDE versions DMDE for DOS uses OEM code page for file name recovery also DMDE for Windows and for Linux uses Unicode if it
19. effect in OS you may probably have to reload computer See Volume locking also Source and Destination Button Purpose Select Device Logical disk volume Image as source destination sectors Select Partition as source destination sectors use button to select the disk before To select the entire current device disk RAID double click the topmost item in the partition list Use file as source bytes a destination alternatively Open Image to use file as sectors Use the object opened in the Disk Editor window as source bytes Selected Use selected block of the Disk Editor object as source bytes Source fields Start Sector Byte End Sector Byte Number of Sectors Size in Bytes are filled in automatically on source selection by buttons If a or is used as a source then fields are specified in bytes You may manually specify a range inside the source object to copy Destination field Start Sector is also filled in automatically on destination selection by the button or Partition Start Sector is an offset relative to the beginning of the destination object Start Sector of the source is copied to the Start Sector of the destination regardless the direction of copying If RAID is constructed then it may be used as a source destination i Using the button you may select a file disk image as a source or a destination Then you may specify parameters available for a disk only l t If or is used as a source then some logical errors such
20. ess device IO SCSI Use SCSI driver usually lower level driver than IO FILE Overlapped Use overlapped I O does not affect I O not recommended DOS ATA Interface direct access recommended for devices with damages ATA Interface For HDD SSD ATAPI Interface For CD DVD use DMA Use faster DMA access for ATA Professional Edition only use LBA48 To access more than 128 GiB raw CD access To access non digital CD BIOS Services Old BIOS Service CHS access up to 8 4GB Ext BIOS Service LBA access DOS Services DOS Int 25 26 DOS functions Win9x FAT32 Calls New DOS functions MSCDEX Services For CD DVD T O Errors A way to handle I O errors Skip I O Errors If an error occurs and the option is checked then I O operation continues after a certain number of auto retries Otherwise operation stops after a number of auto retries until user make a choice in device I O dialog box Do not wait if device is not ready If the option is checked then I O operation continues even if device is not ready Otherwise the user reaction is required device I O dialog box always apply to future operations now apply to current operation Auto retries number on CRC Error A number of additional I O retries number before entering standby mode for user reaction or continuing the operation EE Zero value 0 stands for no additional retries herewith the rest sectors of the block after the error will not be read to the I O buffer If the val
21. g to create an image of a disk with problems Double thread perform read and write operations in parallel threads to increase the speed Do not use the option for 47 copying disks with errors The field Continue from sector byte specifies the position to continue copying The position is relative to the source beginning Copying in reverse direction starts previos to the specified position and goes backward e g if set to 10 then sector 9 is copied first and copying goes to the beginning The option Lock the source for copy is for locking the volumes located over the source area to prevent modification of the source during copying Windows only 48 Fill Sectors TOC Work Menu Tools Fill Sectors Write a hex pattern or pattern from a file to a sector range of the device Write is performed directly to the disk the operation may not be undone Pattern is written multiple times covering all specified sectors The maximum size of the hex pattern is 8 bytes Use files for larger patterns Sector alignment If the option is checked and the next pattern copy does not fit into the sector entirely then pattern writing starts from the beginning of the next sector Otherwise patterns are being written consistently regardless of sector boundaries 49 Special Sector Search TOC Work Menu Tools Special Sector Search Search for special disk or file system structure Search is performed over disk sectors starting nex
22. g previous changes and thus undo the last changes Also you may use the command to load changes which were dumped to a file instead of applying to the disk Dump Changes to File You may dump changes to a file instead of applying them directly to the disk Later you may reopen the disk and load all unapplied changes from the file Undo Changes Group undoing the last changes To undo individual actions use the corresponding commands of Disk Editor menu edit or Partition Manager Redo Changes Group redoing the last changes Reset All Changes Discard all unapplied changes Apply Changes Cl WI Write all changes to the disk For changes to take effect in operating system you may probably have to restart computer Under Windows you may not be allowed writing to some disk areas used by volumes see Volume locking for details Some antiviruses may also block direct writing to disk Under Windows you may also try interface option IO SCSI to circumvent some restrictions 41 Volume Locking TOC Work Menu Drive Volume Locking Volume locking is used under Windows NT for RAW write access to prevent simultaneous OS access to a volume at the same time DMDE tries locking volumes automatically when it is required However locking may fail if the volume is being used by system or other applications In this case DMDE requests to retry or dismount not locked volumes Close all applications which may use the volume and retry
23. he program icon and use the corresponding command in the context menu or confirm UAC elevation request Attention To work with drives larger than 2TB the most recent versions of controller drivers must be installed Linux At first go to the Root Terminal or run Terminal emulator Konsole Gnome terminal etc Go to the software directory and type dmde You should run the software as a superuser to access devices Please refer to your operating system documentation for this information e g run sudo dmde in Ubuntu go to root with su command in Debian at first etc You may also need to set execution permission for the file dmde type chmod 755 dmde To run 32 bit software versions on 64 bit operating systems you may have to install additional 32 bit shared libraries eg run sudo apt get install 1ibc6 i386 in Ubuntu to install Libc6 i386 package DOS You may use DMDE on a regular partition supported by DOS or use DOS bootable disk This may be helpful when there are problems using specific disk SATA disks must be switched to IDE compatible mode in BIOS settings for direct ATA access SCSI USB and other devices may be accessed via special DOS drivers or using BIOS functions if 8 they are supported Some files for creating DOS boot disks are available on the software site in the section Additional Downloads Bootable Floppy To create bootable floppy download and unpack FDD image You may use the function Copy Sectors to
24. iting images back to disk disk cloning include I O error handling reverse copy and other features e Disk editor compatible with the most recent Windows versions to view edit and navigate through different disk structures including built in and custom templates e RAID constructor to virtually reconstruct RAID supporting RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 4 RAID 5 RAID 6 delayed parity custom striping JBOD spanned disks e NTFS tools to work bypassing NTFS driver copy delete file create repair directory e Support for national names large disks large files large sectors NTFS compression and other features Acknowledgement TOC About DMDE Acknowledgement Thank all users for comments bug and test reports suggestions payments advertising and publicity Special thanks to Igor jsfhd Alex box2134 Konstantin Volkov Leonid Arkadjev Antech Yatagan 9285 okzo Nirvanowiec Migol21 gsm_virus BIGOLSEN Stepan Martinek lordo4 File Descriptions TOC About DMDE File Descriptions Executable dmde exe or dmde the program Localization tbl code page tables Ing language files Documentation eula txt license agreement EULA files versions txt information about some version changes readme txt readme files dmde chm help files in Windows CHM format man help files in HTML format Other files dev9x d11 dev32 d11 drivers to run under Windows 9x ME dmde ini program setti
25. itor Templates eiscsiresseciccsnvesesssuaesbataas teens dadesedunessesubesirbessessoudeubid E E DEEE E EEEE 36 Chuster Map Pile AllOCation assccssiiaccssessetsassnccasevascecaeebenaatenanessssoce segs sendaa nbuanaasteng aa EEEE EAEE DE EEE EEE R 38 Men EE 39 E OR EE A0 E RK ee EE 43 Menu Windows ET 53 Menu Editor EE 54 Memm ere 55 Mena ET enee eeh 56 About Help Table of contents Online HA ren Fa Revision of the Manual 2015 10 21 About DMDE 3 0 Help The most recent documentation may be found on the software sites Reading the manual is recommended when working with the program A number of parameters may be set within the software which understanding requires some knowledge about file systems and disks and their discussion is beyond the scope of this guide If the role of such parameters is not clear it is recommended to keep the default In the manual the software interface items and keyboard shortcuts are framed text to input or dial and file names are highlighted inmonospace green font In order to open CHM file in Windows you should copy it to a local disk and unblock the file right click menu Properties I Unblock Context Sensitive Help Context sensitive help can be called from the most dialog boxes by pressing FU Shift F1 Shift F11 keys or button Help Supported in Linux and Windows only Help is available in the form of a set of HTML files under both Linux and Windows CHM files are suppor
26. l symbols correctly Unicode symbols outside the selected code page will be transliterated or substituted You may add the parameter substnamesut 8 1 or use the option utf 8 to create LRENAME BAT in the utf 8 format fully supporting Unicode regardless the selected code page Utf 8 format is supported in Windows 7 and higher Paths longer than 259 symbols under Windows NT In order to recover paths which are longer than 259 symbols you should manually prepend the destination directory name with a prefix e g C Such long paths may be inaccessible for standard programs such as Explorer My Computer Name Duplicate Handling During recovery there may be name duplicates due to finding different versions of the same file different links to the same file or due to erroneous merging of directories If a file or directory with the same name is being recovered you are prompted to choose how to handle the duplicates It is possible to rename the object manually by entering name or to choose auto renaming or skipping all subsequent objects It is also possible to merge directories with same names There is a threshold number of renaming for a single object after which there will be a second request for a desired action when the threshold is exceeded Parameters maxfilerenames and maxdirrenames are used as threshold numbers by default Determining name duplicates is working on the base of destination file system Name handling is not
27. ll disk used instead of absent or damaged disk Striping manually specify striping for Custom RAID Save Load save load RAID configuration 33 File Panel Table of contents Work with program File Panel File panel displays virtual directory structure and allows browsing through directories and selecting items to recover or to open them in the Disk Editor You should open a volume to access the file panel Open virtual directory A11 Found Reconstruction to virtually reconstruct file system and display all found and removed files and directories The results of Full Scan are used for reconstruction To recover files marked as found or deleted see icon description below the corresponding options must be selected in the data recovery dialog box Directory structure is virtual and may differ from the one that can be found directly on the disk or in the standard browser Virtual l names are enclosed in square brackets or begin with the sign and are usually placed in the topmost level of the directory structure Virtual directory Root generally corresponds to a root directory of a volume in the standard browser Press key or double click to open the directory or open the file in the Disk Editor Press to open the item in the Disk Editor Press key or or click the checkbox to toggle marking the item for recovery Press or right click the item for a context menu GUI Console Icon Description L general directory
28. may be disclosed only after volume opening Found errors are colored in red For incorrect non standard partitioning correct displaying is not guaranteed Dialog Box Partitions Commands Attention Partitioning modification may cause impossibility to boot from the disk or inaccessibility of some partitions after applying Never modify partitioning of your boot or system disk Use alternative boot disk or connect your disk as second to another computer Run the software from the device which won t be modified and save current partitioning to a file on a device which won t be modified After applying restart the computer or reconnect pluggable device for changes to take effect Cancel the chkdsk utility by pressing any key if it runs automatically at startup as it may cause non recoverable damage of the data Use the button to view the operations available for the selected partition Partitioning changes are pending until you push the button Apply or use menu command Apply Partitioning See also Applying Changes for details Open Volume Open volume to view and recover files Open Volume Parameters View and manually edit volume parameters before actually open volume Show Volume Letters Display volume letters assigned by OS 21 Full Scan within the Partition Full Scan Create Image Clone Call the dialog box Copy Sectors to create partition image or clone the partition Insert the Partition Undelete Insert lost or remo
29. me t Unknown MFT fragments that can not be verified Extraneous MFT fragments most probably belonging to other volumes Small Extra Found Extra found files see above Disabled Fragments incompatible to the current volume FS parameters FAT exFAT Use ex FAT Search results only Use the results of the Full Scan only do not scan the entire volume again Rescan the entire volume Additionally rescan the volume if it is not scanned completely during Full Scan FAT Tables Options button Parameters FAT tables contain cluster chains to assemble fragmented files and directories The software automatically selects table usage on the base of assessment However you may try different options to achieve better results of the reconstruction and data recovery on the whole or for specific files You may choose which table copy to use FAT1 or FAT2 or deprecate table usage do not use FAT tables if tables are badly damaged or use the option check do not use bad sectors to avoid wrong chains if there is some damage in tables 45 NTFS Tools TOC Work Menu Tools NTES Tools Warning The use of NTFS Tools on incompatible NTFS volume may damage the file system Do not use the tools if the program does not recognize file system properly or you are not sure if it is Never execute the commands on the system volume where operating system files are located otherwise it will be damaged Volume locking is performed
30. n DOS Win9x ME If Device Size Is Detected Incorrectly This must be resolved before any further work Some issues are quite simple see guide from external source Some issues are below e Capacity Limitation Jumper is misplaced device size is limited to 32GB e HPA is erroneously applyed Device size usually becomes 1TB less or similar typical to some GYGABYTE motherboards Try software HDD Capacity Restore Tool Windows hdparm Linux HDAT2 MHDD Victoria DOS e No large drive support on OS see below e Incorrect drivers for SATA USB controller no correct 3TB support Device is displayed tipically 2 2TB less Update drivers e USB enclosure another adapter has no correct 3TB support Change adapter or attach device directly Windows 2K 2K XP Vista 7 higher e Recommended Windows XP SP2 and higher e 32 bit versions work in both 32 bit and 64 bit Windows e Administrator privileges e Drives supported by OS Attention To work with drives larger than 2TB under Windows Vista 7 higher the most recent versions of controller drivers must be installed To work with 128GB and larger drives under Windows 2K XP certain ServicePacks must be installed and LBA48 support must be switched on in the system registers Windows 2K XP does not support drives larger than 2TB Windows 98 ME e Drives supported by OS Attention Windows 9x ME handles 128GB and larger drives incorrectly unless special patches are installed You may relo
31. ngs files cwsdpmi exe DOS Extender to run 32 bit DOS apps Copyright 2010 CW Sandmann not a component of DMDE product DMDE Editions Table of contents About DMDE DMDE Editions Actual information is available on the software site compare editions buy online Free Edition has all base features and recovers up to 4000 files from the current panel only Paid editions recover files and directories without the limitation Professional Edition has additional features and grants extended rights to provide data recovery services e Portable use on different computers e One time activation on client computers including remote use e Native 64 bit versions access more than 2GB RAM Windows and Linux only e Data recovery reports include logs and file checksums e Using logs when copying a disk resume copying several passes e Customizable I O handler script e Recovery of NTFS alternate data streams e DMA access under DOS for ATA interface To use all proffesional features you should download the licensed copy from your personal site section restore login In other cases you may just enter an actual license key into the basic version Installation and Run Table of Contents Installation and Run System Requirements Activation Languages Settings Limitations Updates Attention If in doubt about the physical health of the disc it is recommended to appeal to specialists Further work with the disk including starting
32. ntinued but most probably with data distortion When reading file system structures this may cause loss of some files and directory structure damage t After a number of retries defined by parameters program does not wait for user choise but ignore the error and continue the current Operation Reset reopen device Windows NT only ATA software reset if busy perform ATA soft reset Available only if device is opened via ATA interface under DOS Parameters Device I O settings Confirm Cancel used for CONFIRMS variable in the Device I O Handler Script 28 Device I O Handler Script TOC Work Menu Drive Device I O Parameters Device I O Dialog Box Device I O Handler Script The script can be used for I O error logging and for extended processing of errors include external program calls The feature is available in the Professional Edition only Script can be loaded or modified via Device I O Parameters button Script The file ondevhsc t xt contains a brief description of available commands and some script examples Possible script lines are of the form IF CONDITION COMMAND or COMMAND or LABEL where CONDITION is an inequality or equality gt lt gt lt of two quantities and quantity is either an integer constant 0 1 or a variable the list is below or a simple mathematical expression operators without parentheses ignoring the mathematical order of opera
33. o open file at a selected location Status string of the cluster map has the following format current volume cluster total clusters number file stream name ven cluster number per file to go to a specific volume cluster 38 Menu TOC Work with program Menu e Drive e Select Drive e Open Image e Construct RAID e Partitions e Lock Volumes e Device I O Parameters e Load Rollback Data Dump from File e Dump Changes to File e Undo Changes e Redo Changes e Reset All Changes e Apply Changes e Tools e Recover e Search in found by name e Reconstruct File System e Full Scan e Cluster Map e Update Cluster Map e Clear Directory Tree e NTFS Tools e Copy Sectors e Fill Sectors e Search for Special Sector e Search String in Object e Search Again e Windows e Editor e Mode e Edit 39 Menu Drive TOC Work Menu Menu Drive e Select Drive e Open Image e Construct RAID e Partitions e Lock Volumes e Device I O Parameters e Load Rollback Data Dump from File e Dump Changes to File e Undo Changes e Redo Changes e Reset All Changes e Apply Changes 40 Manage Changes TOC Work Menu Manage Changes All changes made in Disk Editor and Partition Manager remains virtual until you explicitly apply them to the disk Load Rollback Data Dump from File You may load rollback data if saved when applyin
34. out s Timeout for SCSI driver I O Windows interface only ATA software reset if busy Perform ATA soft reset if device is busy after timeout DOS only ATA software reset timeout ms Time to wait for a device readiness after ATA soft reset DOS ATA interface only Script Set custom Device I O Handler Professional Edition only 27 Device I O Dialog Box TOC Work Device I O Parameters Device I O Handler Script Device I O Dialog Box If an error occurs during device I O then the dialog box appears where you can choose how to handle the error The following information is displayed W indicates that error occurred when writing to device LUN disk number in the virtual RAID sector numbers where error has occurred attempt number error number and error description given by OS in Windows After a number of retries defined by parameters program waits for a user reaction unless skipping errors mode in parameters is selected and the button becomes active Dialog box appears before the block of data is processed Pressing Abort causes error sectors not to be copied to the destination this behaviour may change in the future versions Button is inactive if the operation is not abortable In some cases it is possible to successfully read a sector and continue without data distortion after a number of retries Button is inactive while I O is in the progress The current operation will be co
35. py sectors menu Tools creating and writing images disk cloning e Disk images Menu Drive opening and using image as device 31 RAID Arrays TOC Work Menu Drive RAID Arrays Dialog box Construct RAID A tool to construct virtual RAIDs using individual disks or partitions and images when it is not possible to use standard tools of the controller hardware RAID or the operating system software RAID If it is necessary disks must be detached from the RAID controller and attached to a computer as single disks Incorrect selection of a RAID type or data rotation striping leads to incorrect data recovery despite that the directory structure may be reconstucted correctly RAID types RAID 0 Usually contains two disks on which information is written alternately by blocks stripes If one disk is absent only small files which fit into single block may be recovered RAID O is supported in read write mode RAID 1 Usually contains two disks data is duplicated Stripe size is not used Supported in read only mode One healphy disk may be opened as a single device without loss of data RAID 4 Usually contains three disks One disk is for parity Data is alternated between the rest disks It is possible to recover all data without any one of the disks Use NULL device instead of the absent device Supported in read only mode RAID 5 Usually contains three disks or more Data is alternated between all disks herewi
36. reconstruction 44 Virtual File System Reconstruction TOC Work Menu Tools Virtual File System Reconstruction Open virtual directory A11 Found Reconstruction in the File Panel to virtually reconstruct directory structure and prepare found and removed files and directories for recovery The results of Full Scan may be used You may improve the results using Parameters button and trying different options NTFS extFS Pure FS Reconstruction The option provides the most accurate reconstruction when FS is not damaged Default Reconstruction Less More Results Use the results of Full Scan You may decrease increase the number of the reconstruction results Use the button to choose MFT fragments manually MFT Numbers Filter files by numbers for a partial reconstruction may be useful if there is not enough RAM for the entire reconstruction Shifted Include shifted MFT records into the reconstruction Full Scan must be performed before Extra Found Include extra found files into the reconstruction may contain garbage but may help if some file is not recoverable other ways Tech Records Include special MFT records into the reconstruction for analysis by NTFS specialists FS Fragment Selection Correct Verified MFT fragments belonging to the selected volume Related Tf there are some variants of the same volume cf Full Scan then these are MFT fragments belonging to other variants of the selected volu
37. s template txt and template tx_ for template samples Template File Structure Each template begins with a name in square brackets Template Name followed by the template parameters and commands one per line Template Parameters flow 0 display single record at a time flow 1 display records in a flow h Header display static Header at the top Variables SRECSIZE size of the record SOFFSET relative offset applied to data blocks 1 64 custom variables 64 bit signed integers Constants Constants are specified as decimals and hexadecimals with Ox prefix Data Block Data block is usually a single byte word dword at a fixed position but it also may be any range s of record bytes bits which are processed as a single variable Data block is specified in braces X Z defines range of Z bytes starting at offset X X Y Z defines range of Z bits starting at offset X byte and Y bits where X Y and Z may be any variables or constants several ranges may be separated by commas e g 0x00 4 1 2 4 Data Block Formats Format defines how data block is represented and edited e g as integer char string etc The following formats are supported Su unsigned integer up to 32bit D signed integer 32bit I signed integer 64bit X hexadecimal up to 32bit IX hexadecimal up to 64bit c ANSI character 8bit C array of ANSI characters U array of Unicode char
38. t to the current sector Boot Signature search for a sector having boot signature OxAA55 Boot Sector search for a FAT NTFS boot sector Partition Table Sector search for a partition table MFT Record search for MFT file NTFS Dir Record search for NTFS directory INDX record FAT Table Sector FAT16 FAT Table Sector FAT32 search for FAT cluster table file allocation table FAT Directory search for FAT directory 50 Search String in Object TOC Work Menu Tools Search String in Object Search for a string in the Editor object 51 Search Again TOC Work Menu Tools Search Again Continue searching the string over the current object or specific sector over the disk starting from the current position in the Disk Editor 52 Menu Windows TOC Work Menu Menu Windows e Directory Tree e File Panel e Editor e Search Panel Search in Found 53 Menu Editor TOC Work Menu Menu Editor Select object to open in Disk Editor Partition Table Boot Sector Boot Sector Copy Root Directory FAT MFT FAT Copy MFT Mirror MFT Record Volume Cluster Volume Sector Physical Sectors File Data Directory Entry Open all disk sectors Go to the MBR sector the first disk sector Open all volume sectors Go to the volume boot sector the first sector of the volume opened Open all volume sectors Go to the volume boot sector copy Open volume root
39. ted under Windows By default CHM files are used under Windows To use HTML files remove CHM files and copy directory man_en to the software directory or other man directories to the directory locals HTML files are opened using default system browser In Linux command xdg open is used to call the default application for HTML files You may use another command using parameter l shellopen About Table of Contents About DMDE e About DMDE e Acknowledgement e File descriptions e DMDE Editions About Table of Contents About DMDE DMDE 3 0 DM Disk Editor and Data Recovery Software Copyright 2005 2015 Dmitry Sidorov http dmde com http softdm com Search edit and recover data on disks e Free Edition most of features file recovery from the current panel e Paid Editions data recovery without the limitation e Professional Edition additional features and rights including rights to provide paid data recovery e GUI Console versions for Windows 98 XP 7 10 console versions for DOS Linux e Portable run without installation e File systems supported NTFS NTFS5 FAT12 16 FAT32 exFAT Ext2 3 4 browse view files and system structures data recovery e Thorough FS and RAW search and data recovery in complex cases e Simple partition manager for partitioning express diagnostic of partitions and to quickly find and restore accidentally removed or lost partitions e Disk images creation and wr
40. th one block of parity per the rest blocks of data There are four types of data rotation on a RAID 5 Some RAIDs usually hardware may have delayed parity It is possible to recover all data without any one of the disks which should be replace with NULL device Supported in read only mode RAID 6 Usually contains four disks or more It is similar to RAID 5 with exception that two blocks of parity different types are used Only type of parity is supported so only one disk may be replaced with NULL device Read only RAID Custom rotation You may define your own striping use Striping Use integer numbers from 0 to specify data blocks according to their order on disks 1 to specify XOR parity block and 2 to specify unused block striping must be Pa for the dia specified 8 gram Se Disk 0 Disk 1 Disk 2 Disk 3 fallowane Al A2 Ap Aq way Bl Bp Bq B2 gt Cp Cq Cl CO TEE Dg Do ORe Bp 2123 1 245 2 6 7 1 JBOD Spanned Just a bound of disks which are used as one continuous disk There is no data alternation stripe size is not used Data located on any disk will be lost if the disk is absent JBOD is supported in read write mode RAID parameters Stripe Size data rotation block size Not used in RAID 1 JBOD Delay used in RAID 5 and RAID 6 with delayed parity only 32 Offset data start offset on disk usually used on software RAIDs Offset and Size partition offset and size for JBOD Spanned disks Nu
41. tore login You should activate the licensed copy when first run on a new modified hardware or after entering a license key Online Activation It is by using the button Online Activation Internet access is necessary not available in DOS Upon a successful connection to a server the activation code will be saved to dmde ini Offline Activation If Online activation is not available you may get and enter activation code 1 Run the software on a computer where it will be used Click and save the file dmdeinst dat or write out your Prod ID and Inst ID 2 Open the activation site http activate1 dmde com or http activate2 softdm com from any location Upload the file dmdeinst dat or enter your Prod ID and Inst ID An activation code will be generated for you 3 Enter your activation code to complete Offline Activation Activation Types Professional Edition 1 Local Activation Local Activation associates the software use with a specific computer select the item Local Activation and use Online or Offline Activation 2 Portable Activation Portable Use Portable Activation associates the software use with a removable USB flash drive that allow using on different computers without Internet access Windows 2K and higher amp Linux only Initial Association with a Device 1 Select Portable Activation click it or use Space bar and specify the removable device for association The device must have corr
42. tors e g SERRORS 0 Comments are preceded by two minuses Variables Zero based SCONFIRMS 1 if pressed 0 if pressed confirmation dialog box appears SDISKNUM disk number in RAID array TRYNUM i o retry number SLBA first i o sector number SECNUM number of i o sectors SERRORS i o error SATASTATUS ATA Status Register value defined if BSY bit is cleared DOS ATA only SATAERRORS ATA Error Register defined if ERR bit of sATASTATUSS is set SLINE current line number in script i o service 0 ATA 1 ATAPI 3 BIOSINT130LD 4 BIOSINT13 5 DOSINT25 6 DOSINT73 8 DOSMSCDEX 9 DOSFILE 11 WINFILE 12 WINSCSI 14 WIN9OXINT13 20 LINUXFILE SLASTRES result of the previous command SSERVICES SLASTERR error of the previous command Commands SHOWDLG force device i o dialog box popping up WAIT wait for user choice DELAY N delay for N msec EXECCMD CMDLINE execute external command CMDLINE using Command interpreter equals cmd CMDLINE in Windows EXECCMDQ CMDLINE execute without creating new console window quiet EXEC FILENAME CMDLINE call external programm FILENAME with parameter CMDLINE EXECQ FILENAME CMDLINE call without creating new console window quiet 29 MSDOS call Command processor not supported in Linux GOTO LABELNAME jump to label LABELNAME in script to the string LABELNAME RETURN break script execution handle error according to device I O params RETRETRY break script as bu
43. tton pressed RETIGNORE break script as button pressed RETABORT break script as button pressed ADDLOG FILENAME LOGLINE write LOGLINE to file FILENAME string LOGLINE may contain variables CANCELIO Call CancelIO WinNT only available if a device is opened with joverlapped option OVLRESLT N Check Overlapped result N 1 wait N 0 not wait WinNT only must be used if a device is opened with overlapped option RESETHANDLE Reopen disk handle WinNT only ATARESET ATA Soft Reset DOS ATA only ATARESETDET ATA Soft Reset followed by ATA Identify DOS ATA only Format specifiers To format output integer a variable name may be followed by a format specifier after a colon e g LBA 8x width 8 hexadecimal Sample ERROR 0 RETURN return if no error on last i o ERROR S 128 GOTO LABEL ERROR S 5 GOTO LABEL1 RN RY oR d oP d ol RET Gq LABEL1 IF SCONFIRMS 0 RETRETRY retry if Cancel button is pressed continue script execution if Confirm is pressed EXECCMD K ECHO error ERROR at LBA LBA SECNUM try STRYNUM Type EXIT tO return IF STRYNUM S lt 2 RETRETRY DELAY 500 ADDLOG C ERRORS LOG error ERROR x at LBA LBA 10 SECNUM try STRYNUMS RETIGNORE 30 Drive Images and Clones TOC Work with program Disk Images and Clones e Co
44. u Editor to select disk or file system object or to jump to a specified position e use File panel to select a file or directory right click for a context menu or press Ctrl Enter Select View Mode Template menu Mode Enable Edit Mode menu Edit Edit Mode Ctrl E NTFS file editing is supported in RAW mode only Apply Changes menu Apply Changes Ctrl W Use the menu Tools for additional functions e Copy sectors to write the selection or the entire object to a file e Fill sectors to fill sectors with a pattern e Search string to search string in the selected object e Search spec sector to find some data structure on a disk t Yellow text color in the Disk Editor indicates modified but not written data Grayed text color indicates unused data unused part of the cluster unused entry etc Green data color indicates I O errors while reading corresponding sector Red text color indicates logical errors in the data 35 Disk Editor Templates TOC Work Menu Mode Disk Editor Templates Apart built in templates Disk Editor supports custom templates to view and edit different disk structures Conditions goto operators simple arithmetics may be used to parse complex disk structures such as MFT records By default templates are loaded from the file template txt To use different files ini parameter editortemplates may be used wildcards are allowed eg editortemplates template See file
45. ue is non zero then sectors are being reread one by one until error sector encounters The error sector is being read until the number of auto retries is reached or the sector is read succesfully Increasing of retries number increases the percent of data successfully read but decreases device lifetime due to heavy load See EE EE Input error is assumed to be a seek error if I O buffer contents is not changed after I O or it is filled with zeroes Usually seek errors 26 significantly slow down I O and they are not recoverable after a number of retries Fill bad sectors hex 4 byte hexadecimal value to fill sector if error detected optional Jump over sectors after error A number of sectors to skip after a nonrecoverable error encounters t Skipped sectors will be filled with a Filler value If there are areas of sequential bad sectors then skipping significantly reduces loading device Herewith the percent of the data succesfully read will decrease if there are individual bad sectors The option is unavailable if the number of sectors to skip is too big The feature improves data recovery quality when jump over bad sectors Skipped sector filler hex 4 byte hexadecimal value to fill sectors skipped when jump over Additional Parameters TO buffer size in sectors The maximum number of sectors transferred per I O operation Timeout msec Time in milliseconds to wait for a device responce DOS only SCSI Time
46. ume boot sector Use the command again or press to select the next file system Press to open volume NTFS directory INDX record Press to open file or directory in the Editor window if NTFS volume is opened Press Enter key to open selected attribute or directory in the Editor window MFT Record 3 Press Space bar to view attribute details Partition Table MBR GPT NTFS Directory NTFS File RAW Sectors Switch between decoded file data and RAW sector data as on drive Encoding Select code table to translate text in Hexadecimal Text mode g 39 Menu Edit TOC Work Menu Menu Edit Commands to use in Disk Editor Fill Zero Block Copy Paste Paste File Select Block Select All Reread block Hide Show Changes Undo Redo Edit Mode Fill the selected block with zeroes Copy the selected block to the internal buffer Paste internal buffer data at the current cursor postition Paste file at the current cursor postition Toggle selection mode Or hold down and use arrow keys or hold down left mouse button Select the entire object Read data from the disk again Switch between displaying the initial data and the modified data Undo the last edit in the mode hex text all changes within the sector Redo editing Toggle edit read only mode 56
47. used Exclusion masks may be also defined by prepending a backslash Masks at the beginning have a priority E g the name abc tmp matches a tmp and does not match tmp at File size limits Filter files by size Use 0 zero as a second value if you wish to set a lower limit only Additional Issues 19 Checkbox Unicode names The option is set if there is Unicode support in OS otherwise symbols outside the selected code page must be transliterated or substituted see Locales Unavailable in DOS Recover to a FAT formatted volume checkbox Split large files FAT volumes do not support files greater than 4GB or sometimes 2GB Larger files may be split during recovery upon a request if OS properly reports which is not always the case or if the option Split large files is used preferable Later you may merge file parts on another disk by using the system utility copy b part1 part2 part3 result for example Pure DOS supports only FAT volumes File names in DOS checkbox Substitute names Without special drivers long files names are not supported under DOS Option Substitute names allows name substitution during recovery File LRENAME BAT is being created in the destination folder for backward renaming To restore original file names load OS Windows go to the destination folder and execute the file LRENAME BAT An appropriate OEM code page must be selected when working in DOS in order to restore nationa
48. ved volume into the partition table Invalid partitions may prevent insertion so they must be removed before insertion Completely damaged partitioning may be resetted using the command Toggle MBR Signature On Off applied to the topmost item You should add partitions from the beginning to the end of the disk Remove the Partition Remove the existing partition or a partition table Some partitioning errors may be fixed by removing and inserting the partition Create RAW Partition Create unformatted RAW partition within the unallocated space If there are no partitioning errors it is highly recommended to use only standard system tools for creating and removing partitions Restore Boot Sector from the Copy Replace damaged boot sector with a backup copy Toggle Bootable Active Partition Status Set or reset active A status of a bootable partition Toggle MBR Boot Signature On Off MBR On Off Set or reset boot sector signature OxAA55 Reset GPT MBR Signatures GPT Off Reset boot sector signature OXAA55 and signatures of GPT tables EFI PART Set GPT MBR Signatures GPT On Set GPT and boot signatures Available only on GPT disks after resetting Write Boot Sectors Make DOS bootable disk Undo Action Undo the last action Redo Action Redo the last undone action Undo Partitioning Changes Undo all partitioing changes Reset All Changes Reset all unapplied changes Load from File Load disk partitioning or rollba
49. when writing to volumes After executing the commands you should check the volume with the system utility chkdsk It is not recommended to create file names with special symbols Open NTFS volume and enter the necessary directory in the file panel before using tools Copy File Copy overwrite or append file to the opened NTFS volume bypassing NTFS system driver Read the warning before using e Open destination directory in the file panel to copy file to e Call the command from menu e Select the source file e Enter destination file name e Choose either to overwrite or append file if the destination file exists A continuous free space on the volume is required for writing the file Create Directory Create a directory on the opened NTFS volume bypassing NTFS system driver Read the warning before use Directory is being created in the current folder of the file panel Remove File Empty Directory Remove selected file or empty directory from opened NTFS volume bypassing NTFS system driver Read the warning and NTFS write issue before use Repair Directory INDX records Repair NTFS directory currently opened in the file panel Read the warning before use 46 Copy Sectors TOC Work Menu Tools Copy Sectors A tool for creating disk images clones writing images back to disk and copying different disk objects Write is performed directly to the destination the operation may not be undone For changes to take
50. where N is a unique switch number variables and constants are allowed the best way is to use the next data offset variable 1 gets value 0 or 1 depending on the switch state Only one switch may be in state 1 Additional Template Sections Record size calculation commands between lines CALCSIZESTART and CALCSIZEEND It is used when record size may be greater than the sector size and may depend on disk data Variable SRECSIZE may be assigned in this section only Data preprocessing commands between lines LOADSTART and LOADEND It is used e g for MFT USN processing restoration of last two bytes of each sector Data blocks may be assigned in this section e g use U Y X Y to copy Y bytes at offset X to offset U Data postprocessing commands between lines FLUSHSTART and FLUSHEND It is used for reverse operation when writing modified data to disk data blocks may be assigned 37 Cluster Map TOC Work Menu Tools Cluster Map File Allocation Volume cluster map allow finding the file located at a given cluster sector To use cluster map first open volume and update cluster map menu Tools To go to a specific location use menu commands olume Cluster Alt S to go to a specific volume sector Physical Sector Alt P to go to a specific device sector To identify the file located there use menu commands e Editor Cluster Map Ctrl M to open cluster map at a selected location Editor ile Data Ctrl F t
51. working if name substitution is used under DOS 20 Partition Management TOC Work Menu Drive Partition Management A tool to view search and open volumes as well as to manage partitions basically on MBR and GPT style disks Other styles e g hybrid dynamic are unsupported whilst partitions may be shown as found Partition management includes removing and undeleting of removed and lost partitions restoring boot sectors from their copies and other tools Make sure to read the warning before use Marking the checkbox causes express search and displaying of lost and removed partitions For more complex and deeper search use Full Scan Volumes opened after the Full Scan are added to the list of found partitions and thus may be managed e g may be undeleted if possible To prevent express search of partitions unmark the box Show partitions when open a device or construct a RAID Info mode checkboxes display found partitions display AMBR and GPT partition tables t A bootable active partition status Partition column Indicators indicate the presence of structures e T partition table t e E table entry e B volume boot sector e C boot sector GPT copy e F basic FS structures e g first MFT file record for NTFS e f MFTMirr for NTFS e x structure is absent or damaged t e indicator is absent structure is not tested however it may present E g F indicator

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