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AVASOFT for AvaSpec-USB2 version 7.5 USER`S MANUAL

1. 5 x Input File Sort Orde f Alphabetically Save Graphs to Disk File Date Time T Invert Depth Axis Inverts Axis Iw Auboscale r Axis Transpose Axes USB2 7 5 version USER S MANUAL December 2009 AVASOFT for AvaSpec asp Display of Saved Graphs aD Graph File Save Graphs Select Measurement Range Lower 56 122 Oo re D Select Wavelength Range Select Iradiance Rang Upper gt TE Wr M N ugyen SoueIpe tI a T s i rik E 1i a i T Ji co oo e000 700 600 Oo s50 400 Unzoom oom Wavelength nm 1483 Wavelength 85 90 95 1001053110115120 Measurement 14 1 I 1 4 1 I 4 1 I J I 1 I 1 I 1 4 I 1 J 1 I 1 ee eb ee dba aU Ti eee bee dee eo ee ebee dee eee bee dee ee dee dee ee iene de ee dee dee 55 60 65 70 20 Counts vs Measurement m 1425149440 2C_DUURAI699 1AA Filename Timestamp File Date Time fi o0 Measurement mj M 2D aga aga Wavelength nm S00 400 ee ee wep gq eee ptt ttre TWIYE AN aaepe 2D Iradiance vs Measurement H Sunrise Dec 09 info avantes com www avantes com Avantes O AVASOFT INSTALLATION 0 1 Installation program 0 2 Bluetooth installation 0 3 Launching the software 1 QUICK START MEASURING AND SAVING A SPECTRUM
2. C 10 degrees The parameters that are enabled in the figure above will be displayed in the Irradiance Chart The detailed setting for the radiometric parameters is done while measuring in the irradiance chart dialog If the hardware setup is not source inside sphere you can already select if you want to measure only radiometric parameters received at the diffuser surface or also calculate the power and or energy emitted by the source An important assumption when calculating the emitted power or energy is that the source should be an isotropic point source 100 Avantes www avantes com Dec 09 info avantes com antes jf Calculate Power Energy Photon Counts received by detector surface nN Calculate Power andor Energy emitted by a source Isotropic pointsource assumed Distance from source to detector can be set while measuring Radiometric Parameters and wavelength range can be selected while measuring If the hardware setup is source inside sphere the detailed setting for the radiometric parameters emitted power in Watt or emitted energy in uJoule is done while measuring in the irradiance chart dialog The same difference in hardware setup determines which photometric parameters can be measured If the hardware setup is not source inside sphere the Illuminance in Lux can be measured
3. ayvantes 4 4 5 2 lrradiance Chart Display irradiance Chart Measurements The irradiance chart displays the rir We graphics and output parameters that were selected in the settings dialog Moreover up to ten radiometric parameters can be selected each with a user defined wavelength range The Y oa measurement results can be saved and earlier saved spectra can be graphically displayed and compared to the measured spectrum The CE 1031 2 dapena shandard nfanrver Creomaiicty Digam integration time and number of enisinia 7 Mone scans to average can be changed tO smpi corr rveluaze_ oiabet _ peek n optimize the AD Counts for each y 0 534 kee ag sAm pie a E The figure at the right shows the mienas ie i io w result for a typical LED pa 72 210 mm Sntensitys 2 2015 measurement inside an Avasphere SAZ t 17 Mnn If the light source is Expenment setup measured Distance from pointasource toa detector aurface i 2 500 meter outside the geometry GE the pointsource 12 566 steradians sphere or CR with a cosine corrector and the radiant flux uWatt radiant intensity uWatt sr luminous flux Lumens or luminous intensity Candela need to be calculated then the distance in meter and geometry of the lamp in steradians can be entered in the irradiance chart window as well The geometry of the point source is default 4m steradians and is needed only for the radiant and luminous flux calcul
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5. 3 2 9 11 3 2 9 12 3 2 9 13 3 3 3 3 1 3 32 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 5 3 3 6 3 3 7 3 3 8 3 329 3 3 10 Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu aYantes Use 16bit ADC in 14bit mode HW rev 1D and later Correct for Dynamic Dark Subtract Saved Dark Strobe Enable PWM AvaLight LED control Options Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu Setup Menu View Menu Options Check on Saturation Options Full Width Half Max Options Integrals Options Autosave Spectra Periodically Options Correct for Drift Options Automatic Save Dark by TTL shutter Options External Trigger Setting Options Auto configure Integration time Options Use Custom Reflection Reference Options Suppress Save Comments Options View Reflectance instead of Transmittance Options Battery Voltage Monitoring Options Merge Channel Settings View Menu View Menu View Menu View Menu View Menu View Menu View Menu View Menu View Menu View Menu 4 APPLICATIONS 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 2 4 1 3 4 2 4 2 1 4 2 2 4 3 4 3 1 4 3 2 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 2 Scope Mode Absorbance Mode Transmittance Reflectance Mode Irradiance Mode Change Graph Scale Graphic Reset Autoscale Y axis Goto Preset Scale Grid Enable Progress Bar Enable Applications History Channel Functions Histo
6. 320 00 0 96351 330 00 1 30902 340 00 1 73988 350 00 2 26319 360 00 2 69128 370 00 3 631 44 390 00 4 490 70 390 00 ae Las 400 00 6 58718 410 00 Taara 420 00 9 20591 430 00 10 71178 440 00 12 34578 450 00 14 10388 460 00 15 98071 gt 200 400 600 B00 1 000 Wavelength nm Save Ag If needed the data can be edited and saved under another filename by clicking the Save As button Before the changed data takes effect the new filename needs to be loaded with the Select lamp option described above CC UV VIS Fiber or AvaSphere sample port diameter The hardware setup for which the calibration lamp has been calibrated CC UV VIS cosine corrector bare fiber or integrating sphere should match the hardware setup that is used during the intensity calibration The diameter of the cosine corrector 3900 micron bare fiber or AvaSphere 6000 10000 or 15000 micron for respectively AvaSphere 30 AvaSphere 50 and AvaSphere 80 needs to be entered in micron It is important that the hardware setup that is used during the calibration is the same as the hardware setup in the ir radiance measurements HH Integration time ms F Jad AVerage fio Smoothing E 17 000 16 000 Verify that the calibration is ON for at least 15 15 000 minutes and that the hardware has been setup ae correctly Then click the button Start aaa Calibration As a result the Scope data A D Counts for the selected spectrom
7. 58982 Counts the integration time will be decreased in the next scan The maximum integrationtime setting will be applied if the calculated integration time for the next scan is longer than this user specified value This is a useful setting e g in a 24 hours day solar measurements in which case the calculated integration time would otherwise become many minutes during the night The user specified maximum integration time will also serve as long integration time setting during the dark calibration see below If the Recalculate Averages checkbox is enabled the number of averages will be recalculated after each change of integration time The number of averages will be set such that at the new integration time the total scan duration is close to the user specified duration time e g 10 averages if the calculated integration time is 100ms and the scan duration is 1000ms The Dark Calibration is needed to calculate a dark spectrum after each change of integration time The currently available dark calibration spectra and integration times can be displayed in the graph In the figure above the dark spectra at 1 10ms and 1000ms dynamic dark correction ON for channel 0807040U2 are displayed A new dark calibration can be done for all channels in a multichannel system simultaneously by clicking the Start Dark Calibration button A reminder will be displayed to block light input for all connected spectrometer channels Then a few scan
8. 7 9811 001 calibration coefficients have been a000 0 699 cim D added for the standards into the Actual Calibration Filename Master 30 000 29 342 Coef 2 0 0000E 000 right column of the table MyFirst cal Load 0692 70 000 69 146 St Dev 1 07538 By comparing the predicted values Read Absorbance fo point 2 sce fc al with the actual concentration yi Ew values you can get an impression about the quality of your calibration line The actual calibration line will be automatically loaded the next time AvaSoft is started By clicking the Load button other calibrations that were saved before can be loaded after which the loaded calibration line becomes the actual line 4 7 2 2 Modifying a calibration The actual calibration line can be modified by changing the fit order of the calibration line or by adding or deleting calibration points Fit order The default fit order is linear Using a second order parabolic curve makes it possible to compensate for non linearity in e g your dip probe To illustrate this the calibration from the previous section was loaded MyFirst cal and the fit order was changed from first order to second order After clicking the Calculate New Calibration Line button the new standard deviation showed a much better fit then the previous linear fit After saving this calibration line to MySecond cal the predicted concentrations showed also a much better fit for the quadratic model Ho
9. Cco UV VIS or Fiber Diameter CC UV VIS or Fiber 3900 micron amoothing parameter 1 Irradiance Spectrum saved to C dvaSotcTUSb2e data IRRCHARTOOOL IRE Intensity in Irradiance pWatt cm Irradiance Chart saved to C Ava oft USB2 data IRRCHARTOOO1 JPG Intensity in Irradiance pWatt cm User comments testjpy c a a r a r Measurement Fesults FATT AH REWER EEE Calorimetry x 0 230 y 0 269 REWER ESE Photometry ITlluminance 26 595 Lux TEESE Radiometry SeeReAAATEE Peak Measurements Crom 175 92 to 1170 44 nom Full Width Halt Max 1 4595 ro Center Wavelength Intensity at cUL Peak Wavelength Intensity at Peak Centroid Wavelength Intensity at Centroid 435 65 rmi 2 2419 Uatt cm 435 69 nm 2 2677 pWatt em 419 25 nm 0 02462 pWatt cm Dec 09 105 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The Display Saved Graph button can be clicked to load a radiometric spectrum that was saved before In the open file dialog the radiometric spectra that were saved before will be listed By single clicking a file name the comment for this file will be displayed in the graph By double clicking the file name or by clicking the Open button the radiometric spectrum will be displayed This can be repeated for a second filename which allows you to compare the output of the two spectra graphically The online measured spectrum will be displayed in the same graph and can be compared to earlier saved
10. Selecting multiple filenames can be realized by using the CTRL or SHIFT key in combination with the mouse If the CTRL key is pressed all the files that are clicked by the mouse will be selected for conversion If the SHIFT key is pressed all the files in between two clicked files will be selected for conversion 32 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Select the name of the file s to be converted to Excel and click the Open button Select one or more graphic files to open in Excel Look im test2chan do ft My Recent Documents Desktop My Documents My Computer My Network Places fal MLSOO01 ROH fal XLSO002 R00H fal MLSO008 ROH LS0009 R0H XL50010 R0H E XLS0011 R0H fal MLSO012 R00H fal XLSO015 R00H Object name Objects of type E xLS0016 R0H L50017 ROH LS50018 R0H L50019 R0H L50020 ROH L50021 R0H L50022 R0H L50023 ROH L50024 R0H L50025 R0H L50026 ROH L50027 R0H L50028 R0H L50029 R0H LS0030 R0H XLS0031 ROH XLS0035 AOH XLS0038 Graph Scope Mode 50031 ROH L50032 R0H L50033 R0H LS0034 R0H ML50035 R0H L50036 R0H LS0037 ROH L50038 R0H L50039 R0H LS0040 R0H L50041 ROH L50042 ROH L50043 R0H L50044 ROH L50045 R0H 2 x Cancel ws If not already open Excel will be opened by AvaSoft and the conversion will be done in 2 steps e Instep1 all files that
11. Slavet transmittance measurements Changes in this reference signal e g because of drift in the lightsource will be used to correct the data of the other selected spectrometer channels The wavelength range over which the data can be corrected will be the overlapping wavelength range between reference spectrometer channel and the spectrometer channel to be corrected M Slavet Corect Channels If this option is activated a dialog is shown in which the reference channel Slave2 and one or more depending on the number of spectrometer channels that are available channels to be corrected can be selected After selecting the right x Cancel setup and clicking the OK button AvaSoft shows the following information 46 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Turn on your light source choose the right integration time and save reference Then turn off the light source and save dark After clicking OK AvaSoft enables the spectrometer channels that are relevant in the correct for drift application After saving the reference and dark files a message dialog shows that the data will be corrected for drift The menu option will be preceded by a checkmark To disable the correct for drift option the menu option if preceded by a checkmark needs to be clicked 3 2 9 6 Setup Menu Options Automatic Save Dark by TTL shutter To use the automatic save dark option an interface cable needs to be connected from t
12. TES TOOO1 ROHS Amplitude 0 Smoothing 0 Spline OFF Inttime 1000 00 m Averages 2 In the example above the spectrometer channels 0610063U1 and 0802555U1 are in merge group merge1 and channels 0807017U1 and 0707083U1 are in merge group merge2 When saving merged files the data for all pixels of all channels are saved An 8 channel AvaSpec 3648 for which all channels are in the same merge group and set to their full range will yield files with 29184 data points The main reason for developing the merge utility was the ability to analyze the spectra of a multichannel system as a single spectrum Therefore when analyzing the saved spectra displaying comparing with other spectra converting to ASCII Excel Jcamp etc the file is handled as a single spectrum Detailed information about the data origin which channels and settings were used when saving the file can still be obtained and displayed but the spectral data will always be represented as a single spectrum wavelength intensity A detailed description about displaying and converting the graphs saved in merge mode can be found below in section 3 2 9 13 4 and 3 2 9 13 5 3 2 9 13 4 Displaying merged spectra The merged spectra to be displayed can be selected after clicking the menu option File Display Saved Graph New in AvaSoft 7 4 is that the merged files with an additional X in their file extension will also be listed in the Open Dial
13. immediately Color of Object versus Time button The Color of Object versus time button allows you to switch directly to the time measurement of color parameters and starts measuring immediately 2 3 Edit bar l Integration time m f Average f Wavelength mm 546 80 single channel multi channel Average fi 7 to All E Wavelength nm asi 59 The edit bar shows the following parameters Integration time ma 200 00 Integration time ms This option changes the CCD readout frequency and therefore the exposure or integration time of the CCD detector The longer the integration time the more light is exposed to the detector during a single scan so the higher the signal If the integration time is set too long too much light reaches the detector The result is that over some wavelength range the signal extends the maximum counts 65535 for the 16bit ADC 16383 for the 14bit ADC or in extreme case shows as a straight line at any arbitrary height even near zero Entering a shorter integration time can usually solve this Try to adjust the integration time such that the maximum count over the wavelength range is around 90 of the full ADC scale 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC When at minimum integration the signal is still too high an attenuator a neutral density filter or fibers with a smaller diameter may be used When not enough light reaches the spectrometer likewise a longer in
14. intensity is calculated from the measured irradiance by multiplication with the square of the distance between source and diffuser surface It is assumed that the source is a pointsource Irradiance pWatt cm Irradiance is used to measure the power that is received by a surface Radiometry Radiometric measurement can be done in different setups like with fiber optic cosine corrector or integrating sphere Both setups can be used to measure the irradiance spectrum received at the surface of the diffuser cosine corrector or integrating sphere sample port at a certain distance from a light source When measuring at a certain distance from the source the radiant intensity and flux can be calculated as described above When measuring a light source inside an integrating sphere the radiant flux can be measured but radiant intensity and irradiance parameters cannot be measured Radiometric parameters calculated from the power distribution The power distribution can be easily converted in an energy distribution by multiplying the power with the integration time The result is the amount of energy that has been emitted or received during one integration time cycle Another radiometric parameter that can be calculated from the irradiance spectrum is the number of photons that is received by a surface Since the number of photons per nanometer is a huge number even with very low light intensity the number of Avogadro is used to express the nu
15. or the mouse X Axis 600 0 630 0 zoom out feature can be used By clicking the Save button in this dialog the settings for X axis and Y Axis will be saved to Y Axis 48 04 324 3 a file and can be restored in the future by selecting the menu option View Goto Preset Scale or by clicking the corresponding button in the button bar 3 3 6 View Menu Graphic Reset When selecting this option the graph will be reset to the default X and Y axes 3 3 7 View Menu Autoscale Y axis By using this option the graph will be rescaled on line A maximum signal will be shown at about 75 of the vertical scale 3 3 8 View Menu Goto Preset Scale By clicking this menu option the scale for X and Y axis will be set to a range that has been set before The same result can be achieved by clicking the Goto Preset Scale Button in the button bar Dec 09 63 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes With the Grid Enable option activated a grid will be displayed in the graph as shown in the figure below 3 3 9 View Menu Grid Enable 3 3 10 View Menu Progress Bar Enable If using long integration times or a high number of averages it can take a few or more seconds before a new scan is received by the application To get an indication about how much time it will take until the next scan arrives a progress bar can be displayed After enabling the progress bar by clicking the menu option it will be displayed after the next scan has ar
16. 1 Installation program With each new spectrometer system an AVANTES PRODUCT CD ROM is included One of the options in the main menu which is shown after the CD ROM is inserted in the CD ROM drive is to install AvaSoft software After selecting this option a submenu is displayed in which the spectrometer configuration can be selected The AvaSpec USB2 group of spectrometers should be selected to install AvaSoft7 for one of the following spectrometer types AvaSpec 102 128 256 1024 2048 2048L 2048x14 3648 NIR256 USB2 Instructions below are for the AvaSpec USB2 spectrometers Bluetooth instructions are found in section 0 2 Installation Dialogs Ja Choose Destination Location The setup program will check the system configuration of the computer If no problems Setup will install AvaSpec USB2 in the following folder are detected the first dialog is the Welcome Mites oes folder click Browse and select f another folder dialog with some general information You can choose not to install AvaSpec USB by clicking In the next dialog the destination directory for Cancel to exit Setup the AvaSoft software can be changed The default destination directory is C AVASOFT7USB2 If you want to install the software to a different directory click the Browse button select a new directory and click OK If the specified directory does not exist it will be created Destination Folder C AavaSohtVUSb2 Browse
17. 109999895 3 109999895 3 109999895 6 C1 NrOfAverages gt 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 9 C1 Smoothing gt 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 10 C2 SN gt 07070831 07070831 070708301 070708301 0707083U1 070708301 0707083U1 070708 11 C2 StartWav gt 550 550 550 550 550 550 550 550 12 C2 Stop Way gt 620 620 620 620 620 620 620 620 13 C2 Int time ms gt 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 14 C2 NrOfAverages gt 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 15 C2 Smoothing gt 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 C3 SN gt 06100631 06100631 06100631 06100631 06100631 06100631 06100631 06100631 061006 17 C3 StartWav gt 279 279 279 279 279 279 279 279 18 C3 Stop Wav gt 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 336 19 C3 Int time ms gt 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 20 C3 NrOfAverages gt 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 21 C3 Smoothing gt 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 C4 SN gt 08070171 08070171 08070171 08070171 08070171 08070171 08070171 08070171 080701 23 C4 StartWav gt 595 595 595 595 595 595 595 595 24 C4 StopWav gt 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 25 C4 Int time ms gt 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 26 C4 NrOfAverages gt 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 27 C4 Smoothing gt 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 26 Wavelength nm 29 279 298 Merge2 13 5 2009 EMerge2 13 5 2009 EMerge2 13 5 2009 Merge2 13 5 2009 EMerge2 13 5 2009 EMerge2 13 5 2009 EMerge2 13 5 2009 EMerge2 13 5 2009 Merge2 4 4 4 4 4 30 279 334 444 5 455 445 442 437 4525 454 31 279 370 465 460 452 462 5 467 4725 4625 B2 279 405 455 4
18. 2000 0 640 UMeasurement 1 ni n E a a I I I 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 1 I I 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 I im Sle peep ae op llr ine 1 I 1 I I I I I I 1 I 1 1 I I 1 I I 1 I 1 1 1 1 aE Ee OEE Ee UE EEO es 540 550 560 570 550 Wavelength mmn 11 Dec 09 29 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 1 12 File Menu Convert Graph Include ASCII Header Converting the spectra to ASCII and ASCII Equidistance can be done with or without header information If the ASCII files are further processed by other software the header is often not compatible The option Include ASCII Header is preceded by a checkmark by default If the header information should be left out click the Include ASCII Header to toggle the checkmark 3 1 13 File Menu Convert Graph to ASCII This option requires that m O pe Select one or more graphic files to convert to ASCII E x graphic files were saved ene earlier by using the option Look ir a data 020800641 t t e Ez File Save Experiment After choosing this option a window shows all files in the current measure mode In the example at the right the measure mode is scope so the extension of the earlier saved spectra is roh To select graphic files that were saved in another measure mode e g rac the G h Mod d pick hy Metwork F e Graph Mode and pic ccoo DEP Z VE the desired measure mode A
19. 5 Stop Output 4 6 6 Limitations and Optimization Notes 4 7 Applications Chemometry 4 7 1 Quick Start How to make concentration measurements with AvaSoft Chem 4 7 2 Calibration Settings 4 7 2 1 Start New Calibration 4 7 2 2 Modifying a calibration 4 7 3 Enabling the application 4 8 Applications Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy AvaSpec 2048 2048L 3648 4 8 1 Libs Settings 4 8 2 Enabling and running the application 4 9 Applications Store To Ram 4 9 1 Introduction 4 9 2 Quick Start 4 9 3 Main Window 5 HELP APPENDIX A TROUBLESHOOTING How to rectify an incorrect USB installation APPENDIX B ERROR MESSAGES Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com 97 98 99 100 100 103 107 111 111 112 113 113 113 114 116 116 116 117 121 121 122 123 123 124 124 126 127 129 130 132 133 133 135 135 138 140 140 141 antes Before you connect the AvaSpec spectrometer to the USB port of your computer you need to install the AvaSoft software first 0 AvaSoft Installation AVASOFT version 7 is a 32 bit application and can be installed under the following operating systems e Windows 95 98 Me e Windows NT 2000 e XP Vista Windows7 x32 32 bit O S e XP Vista Windows7 x64 64 bit O S If the operating system is Windows 95 or Windows NT4 0 use a standard RS 232 cable with male and female DB 9 connectors to connect the AvaSpec to the serial port of the computer 0
20. A D Counts at pixel n that were saved with the reference light source off When measuring the A D counts received from a light source different from the calibrated light source but of course with the same fiber optic cable and diffuser this relation can be used to measure the intensity at every pixel n in pWatt cm If sample is the measured A D counts at pixel n when looking at the sample light source and dark is the measured A D Counts with the sample light source off then the equation for intensity I in pWatt cm becomes T Caldata sample dark refcal darkcal If during the intensity calibration a different integration time was used e g 100ms from the integration time during the sample measurements e g 2 ms a factor needs to be added to the equation to compensate for this In the example the factor is 100 2 50 Calculating the intensity in pWatt cm from the measured sample spectrum in A D Counts can therefore be done by the following equation sample dark I Caldata i factor refcal darkcal From the irradiance spectrum in pWatt cm a lot of light output parameters can be calculated colorimetric photometric and radiometric Below short background information is given about the colorimetric radiometric and photometric parameters We also describe the definition of the peak parameters that can be measured as well Dec 09 87 Avantes www avantes com info avantes
21. Calibration Lampfile CL UV AVIS Fiber or avasphere sampleport diamete e CC UV VIS Fiber or AvaSphere sample port diameter ioo00 p AER 1000 micTon Start Calibration Save Calibration For a single channel spectrometer the spectrometer channel will always be set to Master For multichannel spectrometer systems the spectrometer channel for which the intensity calibration will be performed can be selected from the list Master Slave Calibration Lamp The energy output in pWatt cm nm Select Lamp Call Kea Ea E F for the calibration lamp that will be n SEN used can be found in a file with the extension lmp This file needs to be aS data 031101451 selected by clicking the Select gc data simulation button PFA 20001 20 DH Imp example Imp _ 040201751 After the calibration file has been selected the data can be viewed edited and or saved under a different filename by clicking the View Edit Lamp Data button A dialog with the intensity versus T Fie namg 2000120 DH Imp El wavelength values for the selected Files of type Lamp Files Cancel calibration light source is shown as well as a graph in which the intensity is displayed versus wavelength Dec 09 97 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com v bee Lamp Calibration Data E O x Calibration Filename C M4ya5 peck example Imp Intensity pW er rm 300 00 0 45329 310 00 0 69152
22. Calibration light source is available together with suitable optical fibers an automatic wavelength calibration can be performed The peaks for the Mercury Argon calibration source AvaLight CAL are by default loaded in AvaSoft It s also possible to import the peaks that will be used in the calibration from file by selecting the File radio button at the right of the Find Peaks button This option also allows you to import peaks from different calibration sources such as the Avalight CAL NEON or AvaLight CAL AR The files that can be imported are in ASCII format and can be edited with any text editor e g Notepad The extension for these files is lit and the data is presented in three columns lt wavelength in nm gt lt intensity in arbitrary units gt lt peak order gt An important precondition for a successful auto calibration is the absence of saturation The easiest way to assure this is to select the check on saturation option section 3 2 9 1 If the spectrometer is saturated at minimum integration time a fiber with smaller core diameter e g FC IROO8 2 needs to be used As an alternative the incoming light can be attenuated e g by using an attenuator FOA Inline or neutral density filter 4 2 1 Calibrate Wavelength Application Perform New Calibration The procedure to perform an auto calibration is as follows Connect the fiber to the AvaLight CAL light Wa Calibration 5 x source and to the spec
23. Cancel 4 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes In the next dialog the name for the program manager group can be changed The default name for this is AVANTES Software After this the Start Installation dialog is shown After clicking the next button the installation program starts installing files During this installation the installation program will check if the most recent USB driver has been installed already at the PC If no driver is found or if the driver needs to be upgraded the Device Driver Installation Wizard is launched automatically click Next If the Operating System is Windows Vista it will display a message that it can t verify the publisher of the driver software select Install this driver software anyway Device Driver Installation Wizard Device Driver Installation Wizard Completing the Device Driver Installation Wizard Welcome to the Device Driver Installation Wizard This wizard helps you install the software drivers that some computers devices need in order to work The drivers were successfully installed on this computer You can now connect your device to this computer If your device came with instructions please read them first V Avantes AvaSpec USB2 Ready to use To continue click Next Cancel After the drivers have been installed successfully the dialog at the right is displayed click F
24. DX Wg AvaSoft 7 4 Full 2009 Avantes File Setup View Application Help FISATI DO B Start Hew Experiment cave Load b OVerage F to All El va Print Black and White printer newO00S rohs Merge w Display Saved Graph Dieplay 3D Graph Convert Graph aw Include ASCII Header Save Graph ta ATF To ASCII To ASCII Equi distance E xit To J CAMP To Excel Converting the merged spectra to ASCII and ASCIl Equidistance can be done with or without header information If the ASCII files are further processed by other software the header is often not compatible The option Include ASCII Header is preceded by a checkmark by default If the header information should be left out click the Include ASCII Header to toggle the checkmark The To ASCII and To ASCII Equidistance menu options can then be clicked to export the data to an ASCII file To distinguish the merged ASCII files from the non merged an X is added to the file extension for the merged ASCII files An overview of the file extensions in the different measure modes is given in the table below Measure mode Binary file Binary file Text file Text file Not Merged Merged Not Merged Merged ROHX TRTX ABSX TATX TRMX TTTX irradiance IRR IRR TITX The header in a merged ASCII file includes the following information TESTO150 trtx Notepad Mi File Edt Format View Help Merge1 23 4 2009 14 45 49 Int
25. Delay 10 00 us HAimode 1 Merged Groupname Mergel Nr Of Channels gt 3 Wr Of Datapoints 2776 UsertriendlyName Herialnr JLAaArlway Int time Averages smoothing O80255501 O80255501 309 9 1 10 J E 061006301 O681006301Ll 279 3 1 10 J E OB807017U1 O807017TUL 539 9 1 10 3 1 Data poarnple 7 counts 7195 20 7 192 49 7191 70 pie gl The data for all measure modes is given in two columns separated by a semi colon The first column holds the wavelength in nm the second column holds the intensity Dec 09 59 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Converting merged spectra to Excel Fd Microsoft Excel Blad2 Bestand Bewerken Beeld Invoegen Opmaak Extra Data Venster Help Duaan eeg f blat ao e p aval Al ey Filename gt t Sy 0b 7 A DS wm ta 3 A B C D E F G H al Filename gt FINALOOO ROHX FINALOOOS ROHX FINALOOOS ROHX FINALOO10 ROHX FINALOO11 ROHX FINALOO12 ROHX FINALO013 ROHX FINALOO14 ROHX FINALOOT 2 Mode Unit gt ADC Counts ADC Counts ADC Counts ADC Counts ADC Counts ADC Counts ADC Counts ADC Counts ADC C 3 NrOfChannels gt 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 C1 SN gt 08025551 08025551 08025551 08025551 08025551 08025551 08025551 08025551 080255 5 C1 StartWav gt 329 329 329 329 329 329 329 329 6 C1 StopWav gt 571 571 571 571 571 571 571 571 C1 Int time ms gt 3 109999895 3 109999895 3 109999895 3 109999895 3 109999895 3
26. Function output signals into a 0 5V signal The analog output resolution is 8 bit 0 02V steps Dec 09 113 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 5 3 Using the Process Control Application in AvaSoft The Process Control application needs to be activated by selecting Application Process Control Enable A checkmark will appear before the menu entry to show that the option is enabled To set minimum and maximum threshold values for each of the History functions select Application Process Control Digital Output Settings Digital Output Settings f lo x The box shows 16 values corresponding with a minimum and maximum threshold value for the 8 history channels All 16 values can be edited by History Threshold Values clicking them with the mouse In addition in the third column you can Chan Min Max Invert select whether or not to invert the signal that is output For each ee aia channel the minimum threshold value may not exceed the maximum 099 0 4000 0 threshold value You cannot leave fields blank in that case enter 0 3 3000 0 4000 0 f After selecting OK the settings are written to a binary file called digital ini 6 o o E o E The minimum and maximum threshold values are indicated in the history A 0 o C graphs with horizontal lines ox Cancel If Invert is not selected the corresponding output pin will be set hig
27. Lux Since the geometry of the three categories is the same for radiometry and photometry the same can be written about the hardware setup luminous flux can be measured inside an integrating sphere When measuring a source at a certain distance from the integrating sphere or cosine corrector the luminous flux can be calculated assuming that the source is an isotropic point source The Luminous Intensity Candela and Illuminance Lux of a sphere can be measured outside the integrating sphere or with a cosine corrector 94 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 4 2 Quick Start Quick Start 1 Perform absolute irradiance measurements using a calibrated lamp 1 2 3 Start the AvaSoft software and click the Start button in the main window Connect a fiber to the Spectrometer input port Start the Absolute Irradiance Application software by clicking the menu option Application Absolute Irradiance Click the Perform Intensity Calibration button Select the spectrometer channel that will be calibrated the calibration lamp file and enter the diameter of the fiber cosine corrector or integrating sphere sample port that is used as described in section 4 4 4 Turn on the reference light source e g AvaLight HAL CAL or AvaLight HAL CAL ISP If a cosine corrector is used at the end of the fiber mount it directly on the reference light source If an integrating sphere is used at the end of the fiber put th
28. Peak Measurements wavelength where the intensity is half of the maximum FWHM 31 521 intensity Center WL 566 61 j t Peak Wavelength Intensity 2 3589 Wavelength at the maximum spectral power Peak WL 566 30 Intensity 2 3755 Centroid Wavelength l Centroid Wavelength Centroid WL 570 73 The total spectral power left and right from the centroid Intensity 2 2050 wavelength integral is the same unit pWatr 90 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The radiometric parameters can be grouped into three categories Radiant Flux Watt The radiant flux is the total optical power emitted from a source in all directions The best way to measure the power emitted by a source is to measure the source inside an integrating sphere This is often done when measuring LED s It is also possible to calculate the flux of a source by measuring the irradiance at the surface of the diffuser cosine corrector or integrating sphere sample port at a certain distance from a light source An important assumption in this calculation is that the source should be isotropic and the distance between diffuser and source should be greater than five times the largest dimension of the source approximation of point source Radiant Intensity uWatt sr The radiant intensity is the optical power per unit solid angle It is used to quantify the optical power that is emitted by a source into a certain direction Radiant
29. above or it should hold 2 or more spectrometer channels A single spectrometer channel in a merge group is not allowed If a spectrometer should be processed individually place it into the Individual column 3 If more than two spectrometer channels are placed into the same merge group each overlapping wavelength range should hold the data for two spectrometer channels For example if the 4 channel system with 2 UV VIS 200 1100nm and 2 NIR channels 1000 2200nm are all placed in merge1 the data for all 4 channels is available in the overlapping range from 1000 1100nm which is not allowed and also not desirable If all channels should be merged into a single spectrum in a 3 channel system with e g the ranges 200 500nm 300 600nm and 400 700nm part of the overlap range 400 500nm would hold data for all 3 channels If this hypothetical situation occurs it can be solved by using only channel 1 and 3 for merging and place channel 2 in the individual column or by changing the start stop wavelength for one or more channels such that only 2 channels are available in each overlap range AvaSoft will check if the requirements mentioned above are met and it will display an error message and the cause of the error if wrong settings are entered The merge spectrometer channels dialog allows you to enter a virtual combined channel name for each merge group This name can be used as an identifier when displaying saved graphs or conv
30. an intensity calibration has been performed a graph is displayed which shows the data transfer function for the spectrometer channel The irradiance spectrum is calculated by multiplying the measured o 400 500 600 700 600 900 1 000 LLL scope data from which a saved dark spectrum is Wavelength nm subtracted with this data transfer function Dec 09 99 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes If the intensity calibration has been performed the Irradiance Chart and Irradiance Time Series tabs will be enabled Clicking one of these tabs allows you to change the settings for the irradiance chart or time series measurements after which the measurements can be started by clicking the OK button The irradiance chart and time series settings will be described in sections 4 4 5 and 4 4 6 4 4 5 Irradiance Chart 4 4 5 1 Irradiance Chart Settings After an intensity calibration has been performed or loaded the Irradiance Chart TAB becomes available in the Irradiance Settings dialog By clicking the TAB the Irradiance Chart settings are displayed The figure at the right shows the settings for Spectrometer Channel Hardware Setup Parameter group Graphics and Save Settings The Spectrometer Channel setting can be changed if for a multichannel spectrometer system calibrations have been performed or loaded for more than one channel The Hardware setup setting is an important parameter because as describ
31. at the right The select button can be used to select a new reference color from the database as described in detail on the previous page Each time the Save button is clicked a new record is added to the Filename in the lower left corner One record contains the following fields Date Time Comments L a b h c X Y Z RefProductID Lref aRef bRef dL da db dE Channel Illuminant and Observer The Comments field contains the text that is entered in the dialog that is shown after clicking the Save button Do pou want to overwrite the color above by the new color below for this product Dec 09 81 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com 4 3 2 2 Time Series With time series color measurements up to 8 color parameters or color differences can be followed simultaneously in a graph against time The time series settings are defined in the dialog above which is shown after clicking the Time Series TAB page The functions F1 to F8 can be selected by clicking the corresponding TAB sheet at the top of this dialog Furthermore a number of general function independent parameters can be entered below of the function TAB sheets The following features can be set separately for all functions F1 to F8 antes v Color of Object Settings a 5 x LABChart Time Series Fl r2 r3 r4 rs re r re Spectrometer Channel Illuminant CIE Standard Observer Master ee amp 2 degrees c
32. be allocated as shown in the following tables Example1 Wavelength Range Groupl lt namel gt Group lt name2 gt A 200 700 is a D S S 230 310 O X O 303 410 O X O 401 490 O X O 485 555 O XxX l O Example2 Wavelength Range Groupl lt namel gt Group2 lt name2 gt d 200 1100 i A D E D E 200 1100 O O X 1000 2200 O X S O 1000 2200 O l O X 52 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes In AvaSoft the Merge Spectrometer Channels Settings dialog will be displayed after clicking the menu option Setup Options Merge Channel Setting v Merge Spectrometer Channel Settings Bo Merging requires SYNC mode current setting ASYNC Seral Humber Full Range rnrn Individual a eset OFOF083L1 165 4 to Yau L 0807017U1 1841 t0 1100 0 f Grouprhame Groupnames are used to identify merged files when saving displaying spectra Merngel Merge Menges M erge M Apply Merging also in Scopeblode subtract saved dark option needs to be activated It is required to run the spectrometer channels in SYNC mode if channels need to be merged If a red warning shows up like in the figure above enter the Setup Hardware menu options and make sure the checkmark Synchronize scans between all spectrometers is enabled y Setup Hardware O x Seral Mumber Detector Nr OF Pixels Full Range rm Name i OF OF O83 HamS984
33. be converted into a 0 5V analog output signal select Application Process Control Analog Output History Function Range Analog Output Settings Chan Hin Hax Chan 0 Chan i 1 50 000 100 000 Two analog output signals can be assigned to any history cane baad 2 s channel The Chan 0 output is sent to pin 17 and the 9 Chan 1 output to pin 26 of the HD DB26 connector a l l s s 4 c 5 be z le 6 6 e 7 a n c Cc m 0 0 c c oneei The calculated voltage will be printed between parentheses after the function value in the History Channel and Time Series color and irradiance application screens Exit FE EE Info Fi User Defined Function m 600 m 0603001U1 Scope Mode Output 627 343 1 29 T F 2 User Defined Function mi 700 m 0603001V1 Scope Mode Output 69 192 4 23 T In this example with the Min and Max Function Range settings according to the Analog Settings dialog above the voltage at pin 17 and pin 26 are calculated by F1 Output 62 943 corresponds to 5 0 62 943 50 0 100 0 50 0 1 29V F2 Output 69 192 corresponds to 5 0 69 192 100 0 100 0 100 0 4 23V Dec 09 115 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes AvaSoft XLS is an add on application that enables Avasoft Full to output history channel data and or 4 6 Applications Excel Output complete spectra to Microsoft Excel It uses OLE Automation which is a technology that
34. been developed to perform on line absolute irradiance measurements with an Avantes spectrometer system A calibrated light source AvaLight HAL CAL or AvaLight DH CAL with known energy output in uWatt cm nm is used as a reference Also the calibration of an Avantes spectrometer system can be done in our calibration lab after which this calibration can be loaded Color of light parameters can be expressed by the chromaticity coordinated x y and z These chromaticity coordinates are obtained by taking the ratios of the tristimulus values X Y and Z to their sum The tristimulus values X Y and Z and the spectral irradiance are computed in a wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm using a1 nm interval These parameters as well as the coordinates u v and the color temperature of an external light source can be calculated and displayed in real time For LED measurements the Dominant Wavelength and Purity are interesting parameters which can be calculated as well The Color Rendering Index CRI is a measure of the color rendering properties of a light source The same experimental set up spectrometer with fiber optics and cosine corrector or integrating sphere is used to calculate the photometric and or radiometric parameters of the light to be measured The calculated output can be displayed and saved in three ways e Inthe main Window the data can be displayed as spectral irradiance in pWatt cm nm versus wavelength e The measurement results
35. better look at the amplitude versus wavelength the cursor button can be clicked A vertical line is displayed in the graph If the mouse cursor is placed nearby this line the shape of the mouse cursor changes from an arrow to a drag shape If this shape is displayed the left mouse button can be used to drag keep left mouse button down the line with the mouse towards a new position Moving this line shows the corresponding values of wavelength and amplitude in the main screen By clicking the red stop button the data acquisition is stopped and the last acquired spectrum is shown in static mode The data acquisition can be started again by clicking the same button which now shows a green Start 8 Tosave the spectrum in the mode chosen before choose File Save Experiment from the menu or click the Save Experiment button from the button bar 9 To improve the Signal Noise ratio a number of spectra may be averaged To do this the value in the white average box in the main window next to integration time can be increased The new value will take effect when you press the Enter key or leave the box Ol Dec 09 11 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com 2 Main Window 2 1 Menu bar File Setup View Applicaton Help The menus and submenus are described in section 3 2 2 Button bar sop EPS SATII iA fells lie a n o P z z Start Start Stop button The Start Stop button can be used to disp
36. button within the white graphics region but in stead of dragging the mouse downwards and to the right drag it into another direction After releasing the mouse button both the X and Y axis will be reset to their default values Move X Y dragging with the right mouse button results in moving the complete spectrum up or down and to the left or right Dec 09 85 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 4 Applications Absolute Irradiance Application Irradiance Chart Measurements Exit Pause Info E fl Integration time Imst fo Sa Average T a Radiometry eee Power emitted aWatt CIE 1931 2 degrees standard observer Chromaticity Diagram IRRCHARTOO01 IRR red led Edit i i IRRCHARTOOO2 IRR green led 6 1 Power e 550 060 to 750 060 93 916 Vatt 4 2 2 Power e 500 0 to 700 0 0 TRA 93 603 pWatt 400 500 600 700 Expand Size Wavelength nm 3 None 4 None 5 None 6 None 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 05 0 6 0 7 0 x 400 500 600 700 Wavelength nm 7 None Colorimetry Peak Measurements Photometry Sample Color m Evaluate highest peak x 0 568 from 500 to z nm 8 None y 0 425 FWHM 36 440 nm Luminous Flux ej 0 04290 Lumen 9 None Center WL 590 35 nm Intensity 2 1312 Peak UL 588 18 nm 30 None Intensity 2 1749 Centroid WL 592 64 nr DW 569 546 nm Intensity 2 0629 Purity 97 95 unit pWatt AvaSoft IRRAD has
37. com antes The color of light can be expressed by the chromaticity coordinates x y and z These chromaticity coordinates are obtained by taking the ratios of the tristimulus values X Y and Z to their sum Colorimetry eae oe i Z X Y Z X Y Z x Y Z The tristimulus values X Y and Z are computed by raro ler Zeal 1a where k constant 1 Zy 0 00934 IA Spectral irradiance at wavelength A Xr YA ZA CIE 1931 or 1964 Standard Observer value 2 or 10 degrees angle at wavelength The tristimulus values X Y and Z and the spectral irradiance are computed in a wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm using a 1 nm interval The CIE1960 UCS color coordinates u and v are calculated by 4x 6y C2x 12y 3 C 2x 12y 3 The equation that is used for calculating the color temperature is empirical and assumes a black body radiator p x 0 332 y 0 1858 Color Temp 5520 33 6823 3 p 3525 p 449 p The Color Rendering Index CRI is a measure of the color rendering properties of a light source The CIE has defined 14 standard color samples and the CRI is defined as the mean value of the color rendering values of the first 8 of these standard CIE samples A CRI of 100 indicates that the sample sources have identical color coordinates under the light source to be tested and the reference light source A CRI value of 50 is assigned to the CIE standard warm white fluorescent lamp The CRI calc
38. description of the error Error code Description Function called with invalid parameter Function called to use 16bit ADC mode with 14bit ADC hardware Opening communication failed or time out during communication occurred AvsHandle is unknown in the DLL Function is called while result of previous function is not received yet No answer received from device Reserved No measurement data is received at the point AVS_GetScopeData is called Allocated buffer size too small Measurement preparation failed because pixel range is invalid Measurement preparation failed because integration time is invalid for selected sensor Measurement preparation failed because of invalid combination of parameters e g integration time gt 600 seconds or averages gt 5000 Reserved Reserved S O A o B O mE Co Memory allocation error in the DLL 20 Function called before AVS_Init is called Function failed because AS5216 is in wrong state e g AVS_StartMeasurement while measurement is pending 100 NrOfPixel in Device data incorrect Gain Setting Out of Range 102 Offset Setting Out of Range Use of Saturation Detection Level 2 is not compatible with the Averaging function O O O l 112 113 114 Use of Saturation Detection Level 2 Parameter is not compatible with the StoreToRam function 115 The StoreToRam function is only supported with firmware version 0 20 0 0 or later _ _ Dec 09 141
39. edit a script either the previous script for the channel will be shown or a new starter script will be generated if there is no previous script AvaSoft includes a simple script editor The scripts are plain ASCII files named Fx_script txt where x is the history channel number from 1 to 8 A starter script has the following contents Function F2 value F2 0 End Function You can elaborate on this function as long as there is a value assigned to F2 in the end In this case F2 will be assigned the value 0 You can refer to the other history channels with the predefined variables F1 to F8 If you want to use data from the spectrometer you will need to assign other history channels to e g wavelength values or integrals The following script defines the function value for F3 as the quotient of F1 and F2 Function F3 value F3 F1 F2 End Function Please do not refer to the function value for the script itself You can also not refer to other functions if these are themselves assigned to a script This will result in a scripting run time error If you want to use code from another script please copy the necessary lines from that script into the one your working with Please understand that a script is executed by an interpreter on a line by line basis If you make a syntax error in your script it will usually only show at the moment the line with the error is executed as a run time error Nothing will stop you for instance from ente
40. enables AvaSoft to remotely control Excel opening sheets and copying data into cells On modern hardware we have been able to copy complete 2048 pixel spectra to Excel with as little as 50 msec overhead per scan 4 6 1 Select Source Data Besides enabling Excel output you will have to select your source data This is done in the same way it would be done without the Excel output option with the input screens you use to define History Channel Functions and Time Series in the Color and Irradiance applications The only difference is the Save Function Output box which is not used by the Excel Output option This part is replaced by a separate dialog which will be described under Settings 4 6 2 Enable Excel Output Whistory Channel Function Entry F1 F2 F3 F4 Fr5 re r re 10 x Function Type None C Integral C User Defined Measure Mode Scope C Absorbance Transmittance I nadiance Function Definition Spectrometer Channel Wavelength range nm From 190 0 To 300 0 Master v Nr of peaks to display fo J Display No Graphics To Speed Up Data Processing Save Function Output Do not save Function Output C Save Function Output X Cancel Enable the option by selecting Application Excel Output Enable A checkmark will appear before the menu entry Enable to show the status of the opti
41. have been selected will be sorted into groups with the same serial number AND wavelength calibration coefficients For example in a 4 channel system there will generally be 4 groups e Instep2 a sheet will be created in Excel for each group with the name of the serial number and the data of all selected files that belong to this sheet is written to Excel The first six rows in each Excel sheet are reserved for Filename Mode Unit Integration Time NrOfAverages Smoothing and comments the comments that were saved with the file The first column represents the wavelength the other columns the data If for a certain channel the wavelength calibration is changed then the data does not fit into the same sheet with the old wavelength calibration because there is only one column with wavelength In that case a new sheet is generated with serialnumber with suffix _1 e g 0706005U1_1 after a next change _2 etc Since the AvaSpec spectrometers have a very stable wavelength calibration which normally does not need to be changed the _1 etc will not often show up Irradiance files files that have been saved in the irradiance chart absolute irradiance application can have a number of different units During the conversion to Excel the unit is read and the calculated data for that unit emitted received power or energy photons etc is written to Excel The unit is displayed in the second row An absolute irradiance file that is save
42. in scope mode as fast as possible without the overhead of USB communications The scans are stored in the internal memory of the AS5216 and the results are only sent to the computer after the last measurement has been made Dec 09 45 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Save on Digital In ioi The D826 connector has 3 digital inputs pin 7 16 and 24 IF a high TTL signal i recenved at these ping spectra can be sawed p 7 The DB26 connector pins 7 16 and 24 may be or a new reference p 16 or dark p 24 spectrum can be stored used to connect external switches such as photoswitches to save a spectrum Save Periodically Save On Digital IN reference or dark This is especially useful for automated sampling in a process control reume acim ee ees environment with periodical updates of dark g648 m E and reference signals It is recommended to enable the Automatic save dark by TTL shutter in combination with the save dark on digital in setting 3 2 9 5 Setup Menu Options Correct for Drift by Spectrometer Channel Correct For Drift Introduction When measuring the reflectance of a white reference tile or the transmittance of a reference solution against time the output should theoretically remain 100 noise In practice the output value will not remain exactly fluctuating round 100 but the signal can slowly drift away The cause for this drift in the measurement system can be a change i
43. it determines the radiometric and photometric parameters that can be measured as well as the way these are calculated If an AvaSphere is used it is important to know if the light source is measured inside the sphere like often is done with LED s or outside the sphere This setting can be entered after clicking the AvaSphere button and then inside or outside sphere Spectrometer Channel If the spectrometer system contains one or more slave spectrometer channels for which also an intensity calibration has been loaded or performed the spectrometer channel on which the output parameter will be measured can be selected from the drop down box at the left showing by default Master Dec 09 107 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com aYantes Parameter The number of available parameters and the way these are calculated depend on the hardware setup The figure above shows the settings that are available when measuring with a cosine corrector or with an integrating sphere at a certain distance from the light source For each function F1 F8 one of the 35 available parameters can be selected See section 4 4 1 for background information about these parameters The colorimetric parameters can be calculated by using the 2 degrees standard observer values or the 10 degrees If one of the radiometric parameters is selected the wavelength range needs to be specified The wavelength range is the spectral range over which the radiometri
44. long as the output for that channel is saturated Dec 09 41 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 2 9 2Setup Menu Options Full Width Half Max The Full Width Half Maximum of a peak is the bandwidth in nanometers for which the intensity is higher than half of the maximum intensity of that peak The FWHM can be calculated in Scope or Irradiance Mode This utility is used mostly measuring the output of laser diodes During FWHM calculations the intensity needs to be corrected for the dark data Therefore it is recommended to enable the option Subtract Saved Dark The FWHM can be displayed in two different ways Options Check on Saturation I Full width Half Max Show All FWHM and Peaks in Table 4 Integrals Display FHM in Graph after selection Show all FWHM and Peaks in Table This option allows you to open the table in which Wavelength Intensity and FWHM are displayed and updated after each scan see figure below Ma tec 7 1 Full 2007 Avantes l 8 x Fie Setup view Application Help Stop Integration time ms e33 4p Average fio Wavelength nm 313 180 Select Channel 061006301 gt Present Intensity PAH A Counts nm 14036 6 11251 2 9902 8 1542 4 487 5 309 8 0610063U1 File AVANTESO228 ROH Amplitude 11553 Smoothing 0 Spline ON EE Inttime 833 42 ms lAverages 10 53 42 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The results can be saved
45. number will be assigned Connecting to Bluetooth Device S xX S Establishing a connection with Bluetooth Deyvice s Bluetooth Seral Port COM 21 This serial port number COM21 in this example will be needed later on in AvaSoft The color of the Bluetooth Device icon changes to green and a dotted line with moving red dot between the PC yellow bowl in the center and the Bluetooth Device AvaSpec illustrates that the connection has been established successfully I T BlueSoleil Ioj x Bluetooth view Help Bluetooth Serial Port Right click to get more options Bluetooth Device 1 Services Connected IP 0 0 0 0 8 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes AvaSoft can be started after data communication has been established The first time that AvaSoft is started for the Bluetooth spectrometer it will show the dialog below lox No spectrometer found Starting AvaSoft Select one of the options below then click OF or press Enter C Retry to establish communication through USB f Retry to establish communication through AS 232 or Bluetooth C Run vao in simulation mode Close 4yvaSoft Select AS 232 port Click the option Retry to establish communication through RS 232 or Bluetooth A list with available comports will be displayed In our example COM21 has been selected for the Bluetooth data communication Select the right COM port from the list and click OK A
46. popup menu Convert to ASCII and Convert to Excel can be used to export the data from the binary file with extension IRR to a textfile txt or to a file that can be opened with Excel xls The Remove from Chart menu option clears the saved spectrum At the right side of the button bar the integration time and number of scans to average can be changed The Auto Configure Integration time button can be used to let AvaSoft search for integration time such that the maximum output in scope mode A D Counts is around 90 of the full ADC scale 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC 106 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes After an intensity calibration has been performed or loaded the Irradiance Time Series TAB becomes available in the Irradiance Settings dialog By clicking the TAB the Irradiance Time Series settings are displayed 4 4 6 Time Series Measurement With time series irradiance measurements up to 8 radiometric parameters can be followed simultaneously in a graph against time The functions F1 to F8 can be selected by clicking the corresponding TAB sheet at the top of the Time Series settings dialog Furthermore a number of general function independent parameters can be entered below of the function TAB sheets The following features can be set separately for all functions F1 to F8 va lnradiance Settings O x Calibration Iradiance Chart Itradi
47. scaled by default this can be undone by unchecking the option in the Adjust View box The 2D graphs both have a scrollbar which allows you to change the third dimension It is also possible to display the position of each 2D graph in the 3D graph by displaying a separate highlighted line that sections the 3D graph This feature is turned on and off with the 3D checkbox at the top right position of each 2D graph The amount of data in the 3D graph and the second 2D graph Counts vs Time has been limited to prevent computer overload If more data is present only one out a calculated number of scans or pixels is shown Zooming the graphs will reveal more detail The fraction of the data that is shown is indicated in the title of the relevant axis E g Time ms 1 10 means that only one out of every 10 scans is shown Note that the first 2D graph Counts vs Wavelength always shows all of the data present It is therefore possible to show this graph as a highlighted line in the 3D graph that shows more detail than the 3D graph Dec 09 133 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com aYantes itself shows Zooming in will show more detail in the 3D graph which will eventually correct the discrepancy The 3D graph does not allow direct manipulation with the mouse You can zoom both 2D graphs and the 3D graph will zoom to the selected range The selected range will then also be shown in the manual selection boxes described b
48. selection will be reflected in the saved output Scroll the 2D graphs with their scrollbars see where the line is located in the 3D graph by selecting the 3D checkbox in either 2D graph Save your selection to disk by pressing the Save Scans button When needed save the graphs to disk by pressing the Save Graphs button Load a single scan into AvaSoft with File Display Saved Graph Look at a 3D display of the saved graphs with File Display 3D Graph Load multiple scans into Excel with File Convert Graph To Excel Quick Start Main Window Mi Store To Ram Application The upper left of the window is used to control the measurement Select Channe Josos0s2u Select Integration Time 1 10 mg Requested Scans to Ram 1000 Measuremnen Start Stop Save Selected Scans to Disk Save Scans SS Save Graphs to Disk Save Graphs Dec 09 Avantes 135 www avantes com info avantes com Adjust We T Invert Depth Axis Invert Axis Transpose Ares antes The upper right of the window is used to adjust the view of the 3D graph and to manually make a selection from the scans The Adjust View checkboxes allow viewing the 3D graph from all sides The Autoscale Y axis button is checked by default Unselecting it will only yield a satisfactory image if the Y range is M Autoscale Y Axis positioned at an edge of the graph otherwise there will be other
49. shipped with If a new calibration was performed with a limited number of peaks or over a limited wavelength range the results could be less favorable This option allows the user to undo unwanted changes to the calibration Dec 09 75 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 3 Applications Color Measurement L A B chart Exit _ Ii sss E LRef 64 42 aRef 70 38 bRef 50 56 PID red sticker aL 0 02 da 0 02 H 35 67 db 0 06 C 86 61 dE 0 068 Channel Master Illuminant D65 Observer 2 degrees Filename C AvaSpec60 data 0208003S1 stickers txt The AvaSoft Color Application has been developed to perform on line color measurements with a spectrometer system It can be used for reflective color measurements in earlier versions of AvaSoft called color of object measurements The CIE 1976 L a b color parameters are calculated as well as other frequently used parameters like Hue Chroma and X Y Z These parameters can be displayed in a CIELAB chart or in a graph versus time It s also possible to save the measured L a b values online to a database and use one of the products from the database as a reference color By comparing the measured L a b values to the stored database values color differences AE ab AL Aa or Ab can be measured as well Emissive color measurements can be done to measure the color of a light source e g LED s These measure
50. should be used in most applications like with averaging only one prescan is generated for a nr of averages with the use of an AvaLight XE one or more flashes per scan and with multichannel spectrometers The advantage of this mode is a very stable and linear spectrum The disadvantage of this mode is that a minor lt 5 image of the previous scan ghostspectrum is included in the signal This mode cannot be used for fast external trigger and accurate timing since the start of the scan is always delayed with the integration time min 3 7 ms 2 The Clear Buffer mode In this mode the Toshiba detector buffer will be cleared before a scan is taken This clear buffer mode should be used when timing is important like with fast external triggering The advantage Dec 09 35 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes of this mode is that a scan will start at the time of an external trigger the disadvantage of this mode is that after clearing the buffer the detector will have a minor threshold in which small signals lt 500 counts will not appear and with different integration times the detector is not linear 3 2 2 Setup Menu Wavelength Calibration Coefficients After clicking this option a dialog is shown in which the wavelength calibration coefficients can be changed manually Background The wavelength that corresponds to a pixel number pixnr in the detector in the spectrometer can be calculated by the following equa
51. that point in the left or second column Actual Points Actual Line a Nev Points New Line 4 7 3 Enabling the application Enable the application by selecting Application Chemometry Enable from the main menu A checkmark will appear before the menu entry to show that the option is enabled A separate Concentration display will appear for each spectrometer channel enabled ioj x By clicking the Save Concentration button in the upper left corner a E a new line record will be added to the chem output file text file ascii format that is displayed in the box below of the save button newout txt in SEL aA LO oe Oe the figure above This box also displays the current number of records that chem_out tet 6 records have been saved to this file before A new Filename for saving the output can be selected by clicking the New ea omen Filename button If a filename is entered that does not yet exist then 1 5 4 r Q 6 3 you will start with an empty file header only with O records If a filename is selected that already exists the nr of records in this file will be 5603052UA mmol l displayed and new measurements will be added to the existing ones 1 4 2 F 8 8 2 The following information will be saved with each click on the Save Concentration Button Date Current Date Time Current Time Comments Comment line entered by user right from Save button Concentration
52. the M Chemometry Settings ol x Select Variables UE oe core ines ae OCG aerial decker aay Actual Points Channel aaa hal lata ala eile acta alia oe ala aet ban Actual Line E eee eee ene eer cy eee mm ee a New Points Peak at 505 0 nm E New Line E E150 4 bo 2 500 b eee epee eee tee i 10 0 nm g EE EE Senne E E E ee Conc Unit mmol i ae e E a eee D i i i ae 0 0 1 0 2 03 0 4 05 06 Start New Calibration Clear Data AERAR FE raar A Earann s Calibration Points Calibration Line Coefficients First Order Linear Default T Conc one one roeose ooT C Second Order Quadratic Ge dlls 1 06056 001 0 000 9 106 Coef 1 4 9923E 002 Actual Calibration Filename Master 0 201 100 000 100 451 Coef 2 0 0000 000 Jexample0 cal Load 0 398 200 000 198 800 St Dev Tors 0 602 Read Absorbance for point 1 Calculate New Calibration Line 300 000 300 643 zj Exit application is started Once a calibration has been saved it can be loaded later on and modified if needed Section 4 7 2 2 describes how to modify a previous saved calibration file 4 7 2 1 Start New Calibration A new calibration is started by clicking the Start New Calibration Clear Data button All data fields for the selected spectrometer channel will be cleared Enter the wavelength for the measurements in the Peak at field and the widt
53. the channel at which the graph has been saved M for Master S1 for Slave1 and so on After saving the sequence numbers in this example triple view mode will automatically have been increased to 0005 0006 and 0007 for resp Master Slave1 and Slave2 Starting with version 7 4 the spectra from multiple spectrometer channels with consecutive wavelength ranges can under certain conditions be merged and saved to one file Consult section 3 2 9 13 for details v Cn e 3 1 8 File Menu Print so EIB S SATI DE GMb Bs i Print 2 x After selecting the print menu option Pe Hirr AVAS CAVE Laces at 1100 Properties the background colors in the me Ne a Type HF Laiha 1 10 graphical region will become white If wine the menu option Black and White printer see next section has been fas S m B marked the line style for the spectra r eE Seainasirgm m j ts fa will also change from colored to black A dialog will be shown in which the title for the printout can be entered In the next window the printer settings can be changed e g portrait or landscape printing printing quality etc After clicking OK in the printer settings dialog the graph will be printed and the original graph colors will be restored on the 2HE File ACUTE 3H Ampie 033 Smosthing amp Splines OFF imise 2 20 86 Average 100 40 22 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes monitor
54. the save button If the Files of type Experiment Files experiment name that needs File name Jlaser kon Cancel te to be loaded is in another drive and or directory move to this directory by clicking the be behind the current foldername For detailed information on graphic filenames see File Save Experiment 3 1 5 File Menu Save Dark With this option dark data are saved The name of the dark data file is serialnr drk The dark data files will be saved in the experiment directory that has been picked by the option File Load Experiment or File Start New Experiment 3 1 6 File Menu Save Reference With this option reference data are saved The name of the reference data file is serialnr ref The reference data files will be saved in the experiment directory that has been picked by the option File Load Experiment or File Start New Experiment 20 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 1 7 File Menu Save Experiment With this option spectral data is saved All graphic files will be saved in the experiment directory that has been picked by the option File Load Experiment or File Start New Experiment Saving graphic files if one spectrometer channel is enabled First a window appears in which a line of comments can be entered to the saved graph Next two files will be saved the first file contains the saved spectrum data The name of this first file starts with the experiment name dir
55. time cycle Instead the integration time starts a user programmable delay after the laser pulse There are two ways in which the LIBS measurements can be setup 1 The AvaSpec spectrometer controls the timing for the laser In this mode the spectrometer sends a TTL Output signal to fire the laser and the integration time delay is synchronized with this output signal 2 The timing is controlled by the laser or external pulse generator and synchronized with the AvaSpec spectrometer by running the spectrometer in external trigger mode In this mode the spectrometer receives a TTL input signal from the laser or simultaneously with the laser The integration time delay is synchronized with this input signal Advantage of using the TTL output signal from the spectrometer to fire the laser are No jitter between TTL Output and start of integration time The output signal and start of the Integration time cycle are both synchronized with the 48 MHz FPGA clock in the spectrometer However if there is a large jitter in the laser between receiving the TTL signal from the spectrometer and firing the laser pulse there is no advantage in the zero jitter at the spectrometer If the timing is controlled by the laser the jitter between the asynchronized external trigger input and the start of the integration time will be 21 ns The integration time delay can be set very short or even negative in which case the integration time cycle starts before the la
56. will be set automatically to 14bit mode range 0 16383 AD counts 3 2 5 Setup Menu Correct for Dynamic Dark The pixels of the detector are thermally sensitive which causes a small dark current even without exposure to light To get an approximation of this dark current the signal of some optical black pixels of the detector can be taken and subtracted from the raw scope data This will happen if the correct for dynamic dark option is enabled As these optical black pixels have the same thermal behaviour as the active pixels the correction is dynamic Some detector types AvaSpec 2048 2048L 3648 2048x14 include dedicated optical black pixels New in AvaSoft 7 5 is the dynamic dark correction support for the NIR256 2 0 2 2 2 5 For these detectors a few datapixels can be blackened during fabrication of the optical bench These blackened pixels can then be used for dynamic dark correction 38 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes For spectrometers with dedicated optical black or blackened pixels the correct for dynamic dark option can be switched on or off by clicking this menu option The option is on if the menu option is preceded by a checkmark which is the default state If the connected spectrometers don t have optical black or blackened pixels the correct for dynamic dark menu option will not be available Note that this option is different from the dark current that needs to be saved before any transmittance
57. 0 204 2048 165 4 to ral 070708301 080701701 Sony L554 2048 184 1 to 1100 0 080701 rut M Synchronize scans between all spectrometers x Cancel Sync mode requires that the spectrometer channels are connected to each other with sync cables which would always be the case in a dedicated AvaSpec multichannel system However when setting up your own multiple channel system by combining a number of single channel systems make sure that all channels are connected with sync cables If all spectrometer channels need to be merged into a single spectrum select all checkmarks in the same merge group in the merge spectrometer channels settings dialog merge1 or merge2 Other selections like in the example1 and example2 tables at the previous page are possible as well but there are a few requirements that should be met Dec 09 53 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com aYantes 1 There should not be a gap in the wavelength range of the merged spectrum For example the full ranges for the two channels in the settings dialog are 165 4 730 3nm for channel 1 and 184 1 to 1100 0nm for channel 2 To illustrate merging the start wavelength for the 2nd channel will be set to 700nm under Setup Wavelength Calibration Coefficients resulting in a 30nm overlap range If channel 2 starts e g at 740nm there would be a 10nm gap between the channels which is not allowed 2 Amerge group can be empty e g merge2 in the example
58. 0 nm fioo Options Integrals In the example at the es From 20000 to 1100 0 nm i0000 right two integrals have been defined 3648 Frompo tofon nm fioo the first 2 are marked by the Enable s From 20000 to fioo nm 1 0000 checkbox in the first column In the peas gt From 2000 tofon nm _ _ f 0000 o O i ane a be os Gea gt From 2mn00 to rion nm foo chosen out of all spectra that are at tha fea gt Fomo tofo nm foo moment displayed in the main window in AvaSoft A full list of the spectra to choose from this includes earlier saved spectra like integral 2 in the example is displayed after clicking on the arrow button at the right side of the second column In the third and fourth column the wavelength range can be entered over which the integral should be calculated Finally a multiplication factor can be entered for scaling purpose After clicking the OK button the integral values are given as shown in the figure below 1 2 3 4 5 5 f a 4 1 i a a a i a a e Wg AvaSoft 7 0 Full 2006 Avantes 8 x File Setup Yiew Application Help Start Integration time ms fi ol Average fi oo Wavelength nm 474 512 01 amp 10 100 it 10 00 av 10 s 0 avantes0002 roh 3648 room LIAO p 3 3648 NG 1 0 AVANTESO002 ROH KY 4 O Ug SY N N NS N 7 Y 3648 File AVANTESOO04 ROH Amplitude 1 6775 Smoothing O Spline OFF Satura
59. 0LL version 1 6 0 0 Copyright 2009 Ayantes BW Windows sF Build 2600 Service Pack 3 Physical memory available to Windows 3328 MB Dec 09 139 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Appendix A Troubleshooting How to rectify an incorrect USB installation Any USB device requires that the USB drivers need to be installed before the device is connected to the computer If you accidentally connected the AvaSpec spectrometer to the USB port of your PC before installing AvaSoft the USB drivers cannot be found and the spectrometer cannot be found by the later installed software To rectify an incorrect installation follow these steps 1 Navigate to the Device Manager For Windows2000 XP systems right click on My Computer select Properties or open the system icon from the Control Panel Then select Hardware tab and click on Device Manager button 2 Scroll down until you see Other devices 3 Under Other devices you will see USB device with a large question mark right click the USB device and select the uninstall option 4 A warning box will appear to ask if it is OK to remove the device click OK 5 Unplug the AvaSpec spectrometer from your PC and reinstall the AvaSoft software 6 Now you can plug the AvaSpec spectrometer to the USB port again Windows will display the Found New Hardware USB device dialog Proceed with the installation as described in section 0 1 under Connecting the Hardw
60. 2 MAIN WINDOW 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 Menu bar Button bar Edit bar Graphical region Status bar Find peaks or valleys by CTRL or SHIFT left mouse button click 3 MENU OPTIONS 3 WI WW WW WW WW WW WW WW WD WwW Ww n 2 2 eA eA ek ek ek ek ek ek ek 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 Dec 09 Avantes ONDURWHN File Menu Ne 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu File Menu Setup Menu 1 2 3 Setup Menu Hardware Setup Menu Wavelength Calibration Coefficients antes Start New Experiment Load Dark Load Reference Load Experiment Save Dark Save Reference Save Experiment Print Black and White printer Display Saved Graph Display 3D Graph Convert Graph Include ASCII Header Convert Graph to ASCII Convert Graph to ASCII Equi distance Convert Graph to J CAMP Convert Graph to Excel Save Graph to RTF Exit Setup Menu Smoothing and Spline www avantes com info avantes com 1 10 11 12 12 12 15 16 17 18 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 21 22 24 24 26 30 30 31 32 32 34 34 35 35 36 36 3 2 4 3 2 5 3 2 6 3 2 7 3 2 8 3 2 9 3 2 9 1 3 2 9 2 3 2 9 3 3 2 9 4 3 2 9 5 3 2 9 6 3 2 9 7 3 2 9 8 3 2 9 9 3 2 9 10
61. 3D view can be either alphabetically or on the basis of the date time stamp that each file has in the directory A complication with the last criterion is the fact that windows only has a 2 second resolution in this date time stamp If you have saved the files with e g the Store To Ram application you could have many files with an identical date time stamp In that case it is better to use an alphabetical order The files that are read are checked for their wavelength range and also for the embedded serial number of the spectrometer they originated from If they are found to be from multiple spectrometers you will have to select between these spectrometers Multiple Seral Numbers Found B x Select which Seral Humber to use 7 2 1 060305201 0700ga 26 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes You cannot display spectra from multiple spectrometers in the same 3D graph The handling of the graphs is patterned after the one in the Store To Ram application The view of the 3D graph can be adjusted by inverting the Depth axis and the X axis These axes can also be transposed which enables a side view of the graph The Y axis is auto scaled by default this can be undone by unchecking the option in the Adjust View box The 2D graphs both have a scrollbar which allows you to change the third dimension It is also possible to display the position of each 2D graph in the 3D graph by displaying a separate h
62. 41560003 0 23 0465 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 07 03 2002 11 32 40 41560313 0 17 72162 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 07 03 2002 11 32 41 41560614 0 22 07574 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 07 03 2002 11 32 41 41560924 0 22 14798 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 07 03 2002 11 32 41 41561235 0 23 95353 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 07 03 2002 11 32 42 41561535 0 16 97784 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 07 03 2002 11 32 42 41561846 O 21 8668 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 07 03 2002 11 32 42 41562156 0 22 19735 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 07 03 2002 11 32 42 41562467 0 21 85271 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 07 03 2002 11 32 43 41562767 0 17 15362 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 07 03 2002 11 32 43 41563087 0 20 67904 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 07 03 2002 11 32 43 41563388 O 20 19298 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 07 03 2002 11 32 44 41563688 0 17 33064 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 07 03 2002 11 32 44 41563999 0 24 58224 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 4 gt bi AvaSoft Data IK z am EJ Gereed The sheet will be called AvaSoft Data the columns contain the following data Column A contains a data time value formatted as dd mm yyyy hh mm ss This is a floating point value in which the integer part is the day number starting at January 1 1900 with day 1 The fractional part represents a decimal time value where 0 5 is 12 00 h noon and 0 75 is 18 00 h This way differences in date time can be readily calculated by subtracting values which would be much more difficult if this was a text representation Column B contains a time value representing the elapsed milliseconds since midnight This v
63. 5 0 545509 11 197 22 1 264776 12 197 59 2 545509 AEI 197 95 0 73522 14 198 32 5 545509 15 198 69 7 264778 16 199 06 4 545509 17 199 42 7 264776 16 199 79 12 54551 19 200 16 7 264778 20 200 52 11 54551 21 200 89 9 264776 22 201 26 10 54551 E 201 62 13 26478 24 201 99 13 54551 25 202 36 11 26478 26 202 73 11 54551 Ze 203 09 7 264776 26 203 46 11 54551 29 203 83 14 26476 30 204 19 12 54551 Fi 204 56 14 26478 32 204 93 16 54551 ai 205 29 14 26478 34 205 66 16 54551 3 206 03 13 26478 Mlale Ph Graphi AvaSoft Data Test sheet 4 Gereed i NUM AvaSoft will check if a sheet named AvaSoft Data is present and will add this sheet if it is not present This way links to the sheet can be preserved between sessions The sheet contains the following data at fixed positions A3 Date Time stamp This is a floating point value in which the integer part is the day number starting at January 1 1900 with day 1 The fractional part represents a decimal time value where 0 5 is 12 00 h noon and 0 75 is 18 00 h This way differences in date time can be readily calculated by subtracting values which would be much more difficult if this was a text representation B3 Time in milliseconds after midnight This value does not have a one millisecond resolution Remember that Windows is not a real time operating system It can however be used as a reasonably accurate indicator of the time that pass
64. 56 443 455 463 5 456 5 449 EE 279 441 460 5 470 5 473 468 457 466 5 466 34 279 476 4555 459 4745 472 463 464 459 5 35 279 512 461 468 5 477 4565 469 464 466 5 36 279 547 470 4545 456 469 5 4545 466 5 455 37 279 583 454 4515 4525 4545 4565 4425 467 38 279 619 467 5 477 469 5 491 4765 483 4655 3g 279 654 4595 455 4625 450 5 469 4625 467 40 279 690 4705 471 465 5 476 476 5 479 457 41 279 725 452 447 5 460 5 450 4415 460 457 5 42 279 761 474 5 462 446 457 4525 4455 456 5 43 279 796 4065 489 5 491 470 5 489 496 4605 44 279 832 454 453 5 455 455 456 4545 456 5 45 279 867 450 442 462 4595 4545 437 447 5 46 279 903 4765 474 4735 4545 464 483 463 5 47 279 938 450 5 430 5 446 4465 4415 455 436 46 279 974 433 4455 4495 4495 4505 437 427 49 280 009 470 4595 467 4725 469 5 485 451 50 280 044 471 468 5 465 5 450 5 460 5 456 P V mar F d ALO Acre ACO Ia 4141 IN Mergel i Mergel_1 0610063Uix h Merge2 Merge100 7 Merge200 Tekenen AutoVormen N OOR 48 o 4 A S32EBG Gereed NUM Converting a merged file to Excel is similar to a non merged conversion to Excel The header is more comprehensive because it includes the main parameter settings for all spectrometer channels but the data format is the same All the selected files that share the same merge group name e g merge2 and wavelength data first column will be exported to the same tab sheet in Excel However if the same merge gro
65. 6 3 342315674 3 006736755 3 205055237 4 814117432 1 7605896 4 470443726 0 497169495 3 277 122498 3 30783844 2 205491943 1 164115906 0 276916504 2 342315674 0 006736755 0 205055237 0 814117432 2 2394104 0 470443726 1 502630505 4722877502 469216156 2 285491943 0 835884094 1 276916504 0 657684326 2 993263245 0 205055237 1 614117432 0 7605896 1 52955627 4 0 502830505 0 722677502 0 30783844 6 7 14508057 5 835884094 6 276916504 5657684326 6 993263245 2 794944763 9 185862568 5 2394104 4529556274 9 497169495 6 722677502 2 69216156 7 7 14508057 9 835884094 6 276916504 4657684326 993263245 4 794944763 10 18586257 5 2394104 2 52955627 4 3 497169495 8 722677502 469216156 9 714508057 5 835884094 8 276916504 5657684326 4993263245 94944763 7 1585882568 58 2394104 7 529556274 9 497169495 5 722677502 8 69216156 7714508057 11 83586409 5 276916504 10 65768433 7993263245 6 794944763 10 18588257 14 2394104 9 529556274 7497169495 9 72287 7502 769216156 9 7 14508057 13 83560409 11 2769165 10 65768433 7993263245 10 79494476 7 185882568 10 2394104 10 52955627 11 49716949 3 72287 7502 10 69216156 11 71450806 7 035004094 9 276916504 6 657684326 8 993263245 8 794944763 9 185862568 8 2394104 11 52955627 9 497169495 9 72287 7502 10 69216156 15 71450806 17 63586409 13 2769165 15 65768433 14 99326324 10 79494476 11 18588257 13 2394104 13 52955627 12 49716949 9 72267 7502 7 69216156 13 71450806 12 83586409 15 2769165 10 65768433 12 99326324 9 794944763 13 1
66. 8588257 11 2394104 14 52955627 6 497169495 12 7220775 10 69216156 15 71450806 13 835886409 14 2769165 6 657684326 14 99326324 11 79494476 13 18588257 15 2394104 14 52955627 12 497 16949 12 7228775 13 69216156 15 71450806 15 83588409 19 2769165 16 65768433 15 99326324 10 79494476 14 18588257 13 2394104 14 52955627 14 497 16949 14 7228775 10 69216156 13 7 1450806 13 83588409 14 2769165 14 65768433 12 99326324 13 79494476 12 18588257 11 2394104 11 52955627 12 497 16949 9 722877502 14 69216156 13 71450806 11 63586409 13 2769165 gt bi Fa F1_01 Gereed NUM Since there is a maximum of 256 columns per sheet new sheets will be added after column 256 IV is filled The first sheet will be called F1 for history channel 1 F2 for history channel 2 etc If extra sheets are added a suffix will be added to this name e g F1_01 F1_02 etc If the function type View Spectrum has been selected for more than one History Channel Function e g Master channel for F1 Slave1 channel for F2 then the different history channel sheets named F1 and F2 are located in separate workbooks and must be saved under separate filenames This is also the case for the sheet with 8 History Channel values described before Rows 1 and 2 contain the date time stamp and the elapsed millisecond value as described in the previous section Column A of the first sheet holds the wavelength scale The wavelength range matches the wavelength range a
67. B C D50 D65 C 10 degrees Function Display Settings oO eu e m x axis time Y axis Color parameter G Auo C Fixed Auto Fired Ca ESEE 2 gt es ss gt e ws Display No Graphics To Speed Up Data Processing Save Function Output wesesuvescenusseenueseconssonsnnscssnssecenussassnsessonnsssonsssty Save Function Output x Cancel Save Seltings Load Seltinas e Spectrometer Channel If the spectrometer system contains one or more slave spectrometer channels the spectrometer channel on which the color will be measured can be selected from the drop down box at the upper left corner showing by default Master Make sure white reference and dark spectra have been saved before for the selected spectrometer channel e illuminant The CIE Standard sources A B or C or one of the illuminants D50 D55 D65 or D75 can be selected by clicking one of the radio buttons The default is D65 which is the most widely used illuminant It represents the power distribution of average daylight with a correlated color temperature of 6500K The D50 D55 and D75 have correlated color temperatures of 5000K 5500K and 7500K The CIE Standard sources A B or C represent respectively Incandescent light 2854K blackbody Simulated noon sunlight and Simulated overcast sky daylight Note that there is no relation between the illuminant chosen here and the light source that is used for measuring the color of an obj
68. Dec 09 23 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 1 9 File Menu Black and White printer The default setting in AvaSoft is to print the spectra in the same color as they appear on the monitor However if a color printer is not available the menu option Black and White printer can be enabled If this option is enabled different line styles will be printed if more than one spectrum is displayed e g dash dash dot dot dash dot To enable this option click the menu option and a checkmark appears in front of it 3 1 10 File Menu Display Saved Graph This option requires that graphic files were saved earlier by using the option File Save Experiment After choosing this option a Ti AVONTESOOOL ROH Ree a Py AVANTESOOO2 RCH window shows all files in the E AvANTESOOO3 ROH current measure mode In the AA AVANTESO00O4 ROH example at the right the measure ba mode is scope so the extension of the earlier saved spectra is Select one or more graphic files to open E x ae roh S biy ee To select graphic files that were a iy Lomputer saved in another measure mode ca n a My Network F Object name AANTESOO04 ROH AVANTESOO02 ROH Objects of type Graph Scope Mode Cancel A e g absorbance click E behind the Graph Mode and pick the desired measure mode To select graphic files from another folder or drive click a behind the current foldername If a
69. If the option Display no graphics to speed up data processing has been marked in the function entry dialog the function output will be shown by numbers only which are updated each time a new scan is saved to the output file There are six buttons at the top of this window see figure below an Exit button a Pause Start button a Save Reference button a Save Dark button an Info button and a Print button If the red Exit button is clicked the time measurements are ended and the main window and menu is activated The yellow Pause button can be used to stop the time measurements temporarily After clicking the Pause button data acquisition stops and the text on the button changes to a green Start If the Start button is clicked data acquisition is activated again and the text changes back to the yellow Pause again The Save Reference and Save Dark buttons have the same functionality as in the main window The Info button shows the dialog in which all parameters can be viewed not edited while the measurement is running 84 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes By clicking the Print button the rai Tiaa Pct graphics that are displayed can be i printed during the run First the printer specific dialog shows up in which the print options can be set For example if only one graph of the four in the figure above need to be printed this graph can be selected by the page s radiobutton All graphics are printe
70. ROHX ABSX TRMX IRRX If merge mode is not enabled the traditional file format and extensions without X are used Also spectrometer channels that are placed in the individual column in the merge settings dialog are saved as merged files The status bar for each spectrometer channel shows the name of the file the next scan will be saved in Before AvaSoft 7 4 and also when not in merge mode the filename for each spectrometer channel needed to be unique which was realised by auto incrementing the sequence number in the filename In merge mode the spectra of spectrometer channels in the same merge group will have the same filename as shown in the figure below 080701 1 File NEW OOO ROHS Amplitude U Smoothing B Spline OFF Innttine 40 00 ms Averages 60 ororos31 File NEW 0002 ROH Amplitude 43343 Smoothing Bi Spline OFF Inttime TOO me Averages 30 Dec 09 57 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes In a 4 channel system in which two merge groups have been defined saving the spectra should result in two files each holding the data for two spectrometer channels 061 QUE 31 File TES TOO01 ROHX Amplitude j Smoothing j Spline OFF ET Inttime 1000 00 m Averages 2 080701 TU File TESTOO02 AOHs Amplitude 0 Smoothing 1 Spline OFF 2 Irttime 46 65 mis Averages 43 0707082U1 File TES TOO AUHs Amplitude 35 170 Smoothing G Spline OFF Anttime Tr o0 ms Averages J os0255511 File
71. Save to EEProm button Click the Close button to Close the dialog Switch to the Irradiance Chart TAB to enter the hardware setup and select the colorimetric radiometric photometric and or peak parameters of interest see section 4 4 5 1 Then click OK Measure the output parameters in the experiment If needed change the integration time such that the maximum in Scope Mode is around 90 of the full ADC scale which is 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC Block the light path to the spectrometer and save a dark spectrum If the ir radiance of the light to be measured needs to be displayed against time click the time measurement TAB in the settings dialog as described in section 4 4 6 The intensity calibration as performed under point 9 can be loaded in future experiments by selecting the option Load Intensity Calibration as described below under Quick Start 2 For the USB2 spectrometers the intensity calibration that has been stored in the EEProm is loaded automatically during the initialization of AvaSoft After loading an intensity calibration a dark spectrum needs to be saved before switching to Irradiance mode Dec 09 95 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Quick Start 2 Perform absolute irradiance measurements by loading an intensity calibration 1 Start the AvaSoft software and click the Start button in the main window 2 Connect the same fiber and diffuser
72. Spectrometer Alarm Status fosos052u1 On C Off Current Battery Voltage 99 04 2 Alarm trigger level g4 17 75 Shutdown trigger level 90 00 75 Save Settings Close Form Select the spectrometer with which you want to monitor the battery voltage in the drop down box at the upper left of the form The monitoring can be switched on and off per channel with the Alarm Status radio button at the upper right of the form The current battery voltage is displayed in the first box in the middle of the form The trigger levels can be edited in the other boxes in the middle Save the settings per spectrometer by pressing the Save Settings button Save your settings before you switch to another spectrometer Start or Stop the voltage monitoring altogether by pressing the Start Stop Voltage Monitoring button Close the form by pressing the Close Form button Dec 09 51 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 2 9 13 Setup Menu Options Merge Channel Settings 3 2 9 13 1 Introduction Merging spectra in a multichannel spectrometer system Multichannel spectrometer systems are often setup to achieve a high resolution over a wide range e g Master UE 230 to 310 nm Slave1 UE 303 to 410 nm Slave2 VE 401 to 490 nm Slave3 VE 485 to 555 nm Another example is the UV VIS NIR range e g 200 2500nm which requires at least two different detectors and therefore different channels In both exa
73. Spline The Cubic Spline Interpolation Algorithm can be ioj x applied to get a better estimation for the spectral data between the pixels on the detector array Smoothing is a procedure which averages the spectral data over a number of pixels on the fi ale detector array For example if the smoothing parameter is set to 2 the spectral data for all M Cancel pixels x on the detector array will be averaged with their neighbor pixels Xn 2 Xn 1 Xn 1 and Xn 2 omoothing 36 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes In the figure at the right the effect of spline interpolation is illustrated The Master data shows the AD counts for 4 pixels connected by a straight line linear interpolation The Slave1 data is for these 4 pixels exactly the same as for the Master data but this time the cubic spline interpolation algorithm has been applied resulting in data which is gpeperreeereeerrerer smooth in the first derivative and J m uo saTre continuous in the second i a derivative The spline interpolation can be useful for applications in which the output of line sources like laser diodes is displayed or for other applications which require a high resolution Note that for the AvaSpec 2048 with 2048 pixels the effect of spline interpolation is not visible if the data is shown at full scale The monitor resolution is much less than 2048 pixels The effect of spline interpolation can only be visualized
74. The Luminous flux the photometric equivalent of radiometric Power can be measured at the diffuser surface but it can also be calculated how much lumens are emitted by the source An important assumption is that the source should be an isotropic point source In this setup the Luminous Intensity in Candela can be measured as well If the hardware setup is source inside sphere only the Lumens emitted by the source can be measured Photopic Paraneters Received by detector surface M luminance Lux Lumens Luminous Flus Lumens Luminous Intensity Candela Luminous Flus Lumens Isotropic pointsource assumed Distance from source to detector can be set while measuring Emitted by a source The peak parameter group allows you to enable disable the following peak information Peak Parameters i Center Wavelength nm M Centroid nm W Absolute Peak nm Iw FH Amplitude at Center Wavelength e Amplitude at Centroid M Amplitude at Peak Detailed settings like the wavelength range and the radiometric output parameter for which the peak s are calculated can be done in the Irradiance chart dialog The Graphics setting determines which graph will be displayed in the irradiance chart dialog The Save Settings are used to enter the name of the textfile to which the results of the irradiance chart measurements will be saved By default
75. The first column gives the wavelength in nanometers the second one the scope data The data in the TAT TTT files is presented in five columns The first column gives the wavelength in nanometers The second to fourth column give respectively the dark reference and scope data The fifth column shows the calculated value for absorbance in a TAT file or transmittance in a TTT file The format for the irradiance text files TIT depends on the availability of AvaSoft IRRAD The absolute irradiance text file that will be generated if AvaSoft IRRAD is available shows six columns The first two columns are the wavelength and dark data The third column is the transfer function from counts to microwatts The fourth column contains the measured counts In column five and six the calculated irradiance values are given in microwatts per square centimeter column 5 and in photon counts column 6 The relative irradiance text file that will be generated if AvaSoft IRRAD is not available shows five columns The first column gives the wavelength in nanometers The second to fourth column give respectively the dark reference and scope data The fifth column shows the calculated value for relative irradiance Starting with version 7 4 so called merged files can be converted These contain spectra from multiple channels combined in a single graph Consult section 3 2 9 13 for details 3 1 14 File Menu Convert Graph to ASCII Equi distance Th
76. Time Series The color measurements are started by clicking the OK button AvaSoft returns to the main window if the Cancel button is clicked Dec 09 77 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Wa Color of Object Settings a 10 x LABChart Time Series Set ter Ch Iluminar CIE Standard Observe Seen el CA E D55 C D75 2 degrees Master cB fC DSO DES 10 degrees Display Settings 4 3 2 1 LABChart Display following Color Parameters I Display LABChart Iw L aes lw H Jw dL W Display Reference Color Panel Wa lw WE W da W Display Measured Color Panel W b W W dE W db Save Settings Save experimental results to file C VQyvaSpecbO data 02080035 15stickers tat Change Output File Reference Colo Ge OB File O Source S 6_Delphib example pct Current Reference Color Select Select Curent Reference Color from Table LREF 64 42 aREF 70 38 bREF 50 56 Add Add Curent Reference Color ta T able Prod tD red sticker IY Add New Reference Colors to DE when measuring sa The color measurements in the LABChart are started by clicking the OK button in the figure above The following parameters can be set before the measurements are started e Spectrometer Channel If the spectrometer system contains one or more slave spectrometer channels the spectrometer channel on which the color will be measured can be selected from the drop down box at the upper left corner showing by default M
77. Unit Unit entered in the CHEM Settings during the CHEM calibration CalibrationFilename Name of the calibration filename that is used in the calculation SpectrometerName Name of the Spectrometer used when saving the concentration The columns in the textfile are separated by blanks not TABS so if you want to open the textfile in Excel you can select blanks when Excel asks how the columns are separated The file can always be opened with any text editor for example Notepad Dec 09 127 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com After enabling the chemometry application you can select Chem as a function type in the Function Entry dialog of the User Defined History application Integral View Spectrum 128 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 8 Applications Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy AvaSpec 2048 2048L 3648 The start of the integration time can be delayed in relation to an event like a laser pulse or flash light This feature can be used for Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Laserpulse 5 ns Plasma emission to be analyzed spectroscopically Intensity Minimum Spectrometer integration time 5 us 50 100 us time Programmable delay 21 nanosec to 89 seconds in 21 nanosec steps jitter 0 This portion of the plasma emission is not included in the integration time In LIBS measurements the laser light should not be included in the integration
78. VANTESOOOL ROH AVARNTESOOO2 ROH AVANTESOOOS ROH a AVANTESOOO4 RO AVANTESOOOG RO a AVANTESOOO ROH To select graphic files from another folder or drive click bs behind the current foldername If a graphic file is marked by a single mouse click on the filename the comment line for this file appears at the top of the graphical region in the main window Selecting multiple filenames can be realized by using the CTRL or SHIFT key in combination with the mouse If the CTRL key is pressed all the files that are clicked by the mouse will be selected for conversion If the SHIFT key is pressed all the files in between two clicked files will be selected for conversion Select the name of the file s to be converted to ASCII and click the Open button To leave this dialog without converting files click the CANCEL button The extension of the text files depends on the extension of the binary graphic file as shown below Extension binary file Extension text file ROH TRT ABS TAT TRM TTT IRR TIT All text files start with a header with information for the graphic file that has been converted The header shows the comment line the integration time the number of scans that has been averaged the number of pixels used for smoothing 30 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes the serial number of the spectrometer that was used to save the data The data in a TRT file is given in two columns
79. absorbance and transmittance mode will then result in respectively the data files avantesO002 roh avantes0002 abs and avantes0003 trm as well as the comment files avantes0O002 rcm avantesO002 acm and avantes0003 tcm Before saving the name of the graphic file is displayed in the statusbar at the bottom of the screen After Saving the sequence number is automatically incremented by one Saving graphic files if multiple spectrometer channels have been enabled If graphic files are saved while more than one channel is viewed at the same time see option View Channel then the graphic filename for each channel that is displayed gets a different sequence number For example the result of saving one experiment in triple view mode is three graphic data files and three comment files for instance avantesO0002 roh spectrum data in scope mode e g spectrometer 1 or Master Channel avantes0003 roh spectrum data in scope mode e g spectrometer 2 or Slave1 Channel avantes0004 roh spectrum data in scope mode e g spectrometer 3 or Slave2 Channel avantes0002 rcm comments for the spectrum saved in avantes0002 roh avantes0003 rcm comments for the spectrum saved in avantes0003 roh avantes0004 rcm comments for the spectrum saved in avantes0004 roh For each channel a different comment line can be entered To make it easier to select the graphic files later on with the option File Display Saved Graph all comment lines start with a short name for
80. aded by oe ae A P P SA t clicking the Load button An intensity ti B 4 het kaara jA calibration file contains the data which is Ba Nicuwe map 3 D21201 Slave VIS ch necessary to convert the Scope data to E smocthing S Mastemew dlr Irradiance data If the spectrometer system _ speed a Slave New dft has one or more slave channels it is important to know that the calibration data for each spectrometer channel are saved ina Bestandsnaam D2 1201 Master UVWIS dtr separate file To measure irradiance data at TS Bestandstypen intensity Calibration Files Annuleren more spectrometer channels simultaneously the calibration files for each spectrometer channels needs to be loaded first After loading an intensity calibration file a graph is displayed which shows the data transfer function for the loaded channel The irradiance spectrum is calculated by multiplying the measured scope data from which a saved dark spectrum is subtracted with this data transfer function The intensity calibration is by default loaded from Eeprom However if multiple calibrations are available Calibration Iradiance Chart Inadiance Time Series Auto Adj for a spectrometer the eeprom calibration can be overruled by loading a calibration from file The Load Intensity Calibratio filename that holds the intensity calibration needs to Load from File include the serialnumber of the spectrometer channel Calibration ha
81. aise this limit On a 3 5 GB machine with Excel 2003 it is possible to save more than 100 complete sheets of 256 columns and 2000 rows We have however seen limitations in the amount of memory that Excel can use It looks like there is an internal limit that is hit before internal memory runs out After this Excel issues an Out of Memory message and is no longer functional E g saving your data to disk is not possible anymore For this reason an absolute limit to the number of cells used has also been built in For greatest speed it is important to give the focus to Excel If you set the focus to AvaSoft Windows will dramatically lower Excel s priority You can verify this by looking at the Filling Cells progress bar in the lower left corner of your worksheet 122 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes AvaSoft Chem was developed to enable on line concentration measurements with a spectrometer system According to Lambert Beer s law there is a linear relationship between absorbance and concentration 4 7 Applications Chemometry A e c l Where A is the absorbance or extinction is the extinction coefficient of the compound to be measured c is the concentration and is the optical path length In practice this relationship is only linear at reasonably low absorbance levels say less than 2 The wavelength at which the absorbance is measured must of course be kept constant To take conce
82. al perception for large samples These are known as the 1964 supplementary standard observer or 10 degrees observer values Both standards are still in use and in AvaSoft the CIE standard observer can be selected by clicking one of the radiobuttons The default is 2 degrees 78 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes e Display settings The measurement results can be displayed graphically in 3 charts 1 the LABChart in which a and b are shown by a moving dot in a CIELAB graph 2 the Measured Color Panel which displays the color which is being measured Note that the displayed color on the monitor may not match exactly the color of the object depends on monitor but it will give a good impression 3 The Reference Color Panel which displays the reference color that has been selected under the reference color setting The graphical display can be enabled or disabled by a mouse click for each graph separately e Display following Color Parameters The values of the color parameters that are enabled will be displayed below of the charts during the measurements e Save Settings The color parameters can be saved to an ASCII file during the measurements The current name and location Zoekenin CY date amp l of this ASCII file is shown under save setting This filename and path can be changed by clicking the Change Output File button The next dialog will be displayed To start a new
83. alue does not have a one millisecond resolution Remember that Windows is not a real time operating system It can however be used as a reasonably accurate indicator of the time that passes between scans Columns C through J contain the 8 different History Channel values For unselected History Channels a value of 0 will be entered in the sheet If you select View Spectrum in your choice of History Channels the sheet will be formatted vertically As Excel only offers 256 columns per sheet we need to write a spectrum which can hold more than 2000 pixels in a column instead of a row and add more columns as time passes 118 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 Microsoft Excel Blad2 a aa Teale 2m l amp x Bestand Bewerken Beeld Invoegen Opmaak Extra Data Yenster Help 8 x OSH alS6RY s Bea I f2 iG 2 ara 10 B Zz U Bes x E 2 A 7 Al z Time KO E B C D E z G H 07 03 2002 11 32 33 07 03 2002 11 32 34 07 03 2002 11 32 35 07 03 2002 11 32 35 07 03 2002 11 32 35 07 03 2002 11 32 36 07 03 2002 41552942 41554194 41554705 41555025 41555326 41555626 0 814117432 3 7605896 3 470443726 4 502630505 2 277122498 1 30783644 0 265491943 1 164115906 4 723083496 7 342315674 5 006736755 3 205055237 4 814117432 4 7605896 3 470443726 6 502830505 7 27 7 122498 7 30783644 4205491943 2 164115906 2 7 2308349
84. ance Time Series Auto Adjust Integrationtime Settings Colorimetric Parameters CIE Standard Observe Cy O C Dominant Way CRI 2 degrees yp C C Comp Dom waw Oaz e a olor Temp Purity 10 degrees Channe 0810111 Enable i Disable Radiometric Parameters Wavelength Range pWwatt cne woule r E pholene C Woulersr m 339 05 ae i patt r pMol s m f phlol i patt e C Wouleicr pMols f atts f Woule e To 854 73 nm Hardware setup Detector type i CC UVA IS or Fiber f AvaSphere Peak Parameters Wavelength Range Photometric Param f Lux f Center wavelength Center intensity f PWHM Lumen r e From 339 05 nm iC Centroid wavelength Centroid intensity Lumen e Ta ocd 79 an f Candela Peak wavelength Peak intensity ans time settin Y as Parameter settir f Seconds i Autoscale y axis during measurements Display Last fi Minutes Hours a fi 00 000 Preset Y axis scale to a fixed level Display No Graphics To Speed Up Data Processing Save Function Qutpu f Do not save Function Output C Save Function Output Save ICF Load ICF Enable Disable function The radiometric parameters can be set after clicking the Enable button Hardware Setup The Hardware setup setting is an important parameter because as described in section 4 4 1 background
85. any time by clicking the Save As button The file is a textfile with the file extension fwm It can be opened with any texteditor e g notepad The channel selector at the top of the FWHM dialog can be useful if there are multiple spectrometers connected and you want to switch between channels The cursor vertical green line which is enabled disabled by the cursor button will be positioned automatically on a peak if one of the peaks in the FWHM dialog is clicked with the left mouse button The cursor needs to be enabled by clicking the cursor button Display FWHM in Graph after selection The dialog at the right appears when clicking this option i After clicking the OK button the Full Width Half Max G R o Cleese mee sure that the menu option values are calculated for a number of peaks To mark a peak for which the FWHM values need to be calculated press the ALT key and click with the left mouse button on this peak If only one spectrometer channel is enabled and there are no earlier saved graphs being displayed then the FWHM value of the marked peak will be shown directly on top of the peak Furthermore this peak will be yellow marked over the width of the FWHM value it may be necessary to zoom in on the peak to be able to view that the peak is marked ALT kep in combination with a lett mouse click on the peaks for which the PMHM needs to be calculated lox If more than one spectrum is being displayed a dialog as shown
86. ard file format for Select one or more graphic files to convert to J CAMP a x exchange of spectra between different Leeks bt aeea spectrometer systems and computers A JCAMP DX spectrum is a text file which can be viewed corrected and annotated with a text editor A lot of other elaborate spectrometer software programs like Grams32 and OPUS are capable of importing files in JCAMP DX format a OVANTESOOOL ROH The J Camp format requires an equal distance between the data points at the X axis wavelength Converting the CCD pixels to wavelength points is not a linear function so before writing to the J Camp format the data points are linearized first Dbjectname AWANTESOD03 ROH AVANTESOO02 ROH gt Objects of type Graph Scope Mode Cancel es This option requires that graphic files were saved earlier by using the option File Save Experiment After choosing this option a window shows all files in the current measure mode In the example at the right the measure mode is scope so the extension of the earlier saved spectra is roh To select graphic files that were saved in another measure mode e g absorbance click 2 behind the Graph Mode and pick the desired measure mode If a graphic file is marked by a single mouse click on the filename the comment line for this file appears at the top of the graphical region in the main window Selecting multiple filenames can be realized
87. are 7 The AvaSoft software can now be started and will ET File Action wiew Help 0 4 2 2 Ayvantes Spectrometers Bl yf Computer oo Disk drives m i Display adapters El 4 DYD CO ROM drives H Floppy disk controllers Bl Floppy disk drives Fg Human InterFace Devices Hy IDE ATA ATAPI controllers E 4 Keyboards Mice and other pointing devices E fa Modems T Monitors H 55 Network adapters l ak Other devices e USE Device m Ports COM amp LPT ae Processors B Sound video and game controllers E System devices re Universal Serial Bus controllers detect the spectrometer at the USB port If not please have a look at the Device Manager which should contain the Avantes Spectrometers Class as illustrated in the figure below The figures shows that 4 USB ports are connected to an AvaSpec spectrometer one AvaSpec USB1 and three AvaSpec USB2 spectrometers Don t hesitate to contact us if the problem remains unsolved 140 Avantes www avantes com CI 2 C File Action wiew Help H E Avantes Spectrometers o EB AvaSpec USB1 Hg AvaSpec USB2 BB AvaSpec USB2 bese ay AvaSpec USb2 ce PE Computer et Disk drives E Display adapters fl 24 DYDCD ROM drives Ae Floppy disk controllers Dec 09 info avantes com antes Appendix B Error Messages AvaSoft can display error messages containing a number The following table lists these numbers and a
88. aster Make sure white reference and dark spectra have been saved before for the selected spectrometer channel e illuminant The CIE Standard sources A B or C or one of the illuminants D50 D55 D65 or D75 can be selected by clicking one of the radio buttons The default is D65 which is the most widely used illuminant It represents the power distribution of average daylight with a correlated color temperature of 6500K The D50 D55 and D75 have correlated color temperatures of 5000K 5500K and 7500K The CIE Standard sources A B or C represent respectively Incandescent light 2854K blackbody Simulated noon sunlight and Simulated overcast sky daylight Note that there is no relation between the illuminant chosen here and the light source that is used for measuring the color of an object The selected illuminant is used in calculation of the color parameters These color parameters will be different if for example A will be selected instead of D65 just as the color of an object will look different in average daylight or in incandescent light 2854K blackbody e CIE Standard Observer The original CIE standard observer functions x y and z were defined in 1931 and are known as the 2 degrees standard observer values The 2 degrees corresponds with the angle of vision that was used in the experiments to determine these standard observer values In 1964 the CIE recommended the use of different observer values for a higher correlation with visu
89. at the right pops up in which the spectrum for which the FWHM needs Select the Graph for which the Full to be activated can be selected out of all displayed spectra ee a sige caleuicled In the figure below 2 peaks have been selected for FWHM calculation The FWHM values are given in the same color the spectrum is drawn in To disable the FWHM calculation the menu option which is marked as long as the FWHM is enabled needs to be reselected MA AvoSoft 7 0 Full 2006 Avantes Fie Senp Vow Application Help sw MRS SATIDReS lows itegration tine pne E555 Average gt waa Ea Weavelengin ent 576 35 Toshiba O Fis AVANTESOUSSROH Amplitude 1437 4 Smouthng 0 Spis ON Ware 1870me Averages 5035 Dec 09 43 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 2 9 3 Setup Menu Options Integrals This utility can be used for measuring the VEZELELE O xl total amount of energy coming into the Enter wavelength range and spectrum for integral calculation spectrometer Up to 10 integrals can be displayed simultaneously The integral Enable Spectrum Wavelength Range Multiply with calculations are enabled after they have Jaga From 400 00 to 410 00 nm 1 0000 been defined in the dialog that is shown JAVANTESOOO2 From 430 00 to 440 00 nm 7 000 at the right This dialog is displayed after jaca 2 From 200 00 to 1100 0 nm 0000 activating the menu option Setup 3648 2 From 200 00 to 1100
90. ations In this section the following items from the irradiance chart window will be described e Add Edit radiometric parameters e Graphics e Button bar The other output parameters are displayed according to the settings in the irradiance chart settings dialog Background information about all output parameters can be found in section 4 4 1 Add Edit radiometric parameters There are two ways to monitor the radiometric parameters The first one is by defining up to ten different parameters or wavelength ranges in the radiometry box at the right side of the irradiance chart window The second one is by selecting a radiometric parameter in the graph after which the spectrum for the selected parameter will be displayed see below under graphics To define an output parameter at one of the ten lines in the radiometry box simply double click the line or click the Edit button on top and enter the line number A dialog will be shown in which the radiometric parameter and wavelength range can be specified Dec 09 103 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The wavelength range is the spectral range over which the radiometric output will be integrated For example by specifying the UV C UV B and UV A wavelength ranges at three different lines the irradiance for these spectral ranges can me measured simultaneously assuming the spectrometer wavelength range includes the specified ranges and has also been calibrated for these ran
91. ave your work and close Excel the same way you would when working with Excel manually We have included a sample worksheet called Continuous xls which demonstrates linking to the AvaSoft Data sheet In this case two graphs are drawn from the columns for Channel 1 and 2 The graph and data are continuously updated while data is being transferred to Excel Dec 09 121 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Fd Microsoft Excel continuous xls EEI few 2 CS 2 x Bestand Bewerken Beeld Invoegen Opmaak Extra Grafiek Venster Help l i E x JOeE SB 6R ReAl oA A hl 2 B 7 2 a s 2 E m 2 4 Tekengebied ld 4 gt bih Graphi Avasoft Data Test sheet ike Pr Gereed NUM 4 6 6 Limitations and Optimization Notes As all scans are stored in memory it is possible to overflow internal memory with scans in Export mode Therefore a limit to the number of scans to store in Excel has been built in Before a new sheet is added the amount of memory Excel uses is determined If this number is larger than half the physical memory installed in the machine output to Excel will stop On a 128 MB machine this corresponds with 7 8 complete sheets of 256 columns and 2000 rows roughly 2000 full scans Limiting the wavelength range will extend your range of scans accordingly Of course adding more Ram to your machine will also help r
92. bar of the spectrometer channel This can usually be solved by a shorter integration time The integration time can be changed in the main window in the white box below the start stop button or the Auto configure Integration time button can be used see 2 1 The new integration time can be entered in the box and will take effect once you press the Enter key or leave the box Try to adjust the integration time such that the maximum count over the wavelength range is around 90 of the full ADC scale 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC When at minimum integration the signal is still too high an attenuator a neutral density filter or fibers with a smaller diameter may be used When not enough light reaches the spectrometer likewise a longer integration time should be entered When a good spectrum is displayed turn off the light source 6 Now save the Dark data This is be done by File Save Dark from the menu or by clicking the black Square on the left top of the screen with the mouse Always use Save Dark after the integration time has been changed 7 Turn on the light source again Save the present spectrum as a reference by choosing File Save Reference from the menu or by clicking at the white square next to the black one Always use Save Reference after the integration time has been changed Now the Transmittance reflectance T R button or Absorbance A button spectra can be obtained online To have a
93. by using the CTRL or SHIFT key in combination with the mouse If the CTRL key is pressed all the files that are clicked by the mouse will be selected for conversion If the SHIFT key is pressed all the files in between two clicked files will be selected for conversion Select the name of the file s to be converted to J Camp and click the Open button To leave this dialog without converting files click the CANCEL button The text files in J Camp format require an extension DX If for example a file AVANTESOO01 trm and another file AVANTESOO01 abs are both converted to J Camp the result will be AVANTESOO01 dx in both cases Starting with version 7 4 so called merged files can be converted These contain spectra from multiple channels combined in a single graph Consult section 3 2 9 13 for details 3 1 16 File Menu Convert Graph to Excel This option requires that graphic files were saved earlier by using the option File Save Experiment After choosing this option a window shows all files in the current measure mode In the example below the measure mode is scope so the extension of the earlier saved spectra is roh To select graphic files that were saved in another measure mode e g absorbance click fa behind the Graph Mode and pick the desired measure mode If a graphic file is marked by a single mouse click on the filename the comment line for this file appears at the top of the graphical region in the main window
94. c output will be integrated If the source is not inside an integrating sphere the radiant intensity in uWatts sr and radiant energy in uJoule sr can be calculated if the distance from source to diffuser surface has been specified The radiant flux uWatts emitted and emitted energy uJoule e can be calculated if the geometry of the lamp in steradians is specified Distance and Geometry can be entered if the parameter is selected for which these data entries are relevant If one of the peak parameters is selected the wavelength range needs to be entered over which the highest peak will be calculated Moreover the radiometric parameter should be specified to determine a peak parameter Photometric parameters do not need a wavelength range because for these parameters the range is always from 380 to 780 nm However since emitted Lumens and Candela are the photometric equivalent of radiant flux and radiant intensity the geometry for emitted Lumens and distance for emitted Lumens and Candela needs to be specified if the source is not measured inside an integrating sphere If a source is measured inside an integrating sphere the radiometric parameters that can be measured are limited to radiant flux uWatts emitted and emitted energy uJoule e and the photometric parameter that can be measured in this hardware setup is emitted Lumen Function display settings The parameters that have been set in the functions can be displayed graphica
95. cale button By clicking this button the scale for X and Y axis will be set to a range that has been set before The Same result can be achieved with the menu option View Goto Preset Scale oo Graphic Reset button By clicking this button the X and Y axis will be reset to their default values The same result can be achieved with the option View Graphic Reset Jac Auto Configure Integration time button After this button is clicked AvaSoft starts searching for an optimal integration time Depending on the maximum counts in the last scan the integration time will be increased decreased automatically until a scope signal of about 90 of the full scale is measured During the search routine the changes in integration time can be followed in the integration time edit box in the edit bar A dialog will display the new integration time if the search is ready The routine can be aborted by clicking the button again before the search has ended IMs H C F button The History Channel Function button allows you to switch directly to the history channel function screen to start measuring immediately Of course first the functions need to be defined 14 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The two buttons below are available only if AvaSoft has been ordered together with the color application add on as Color Chart button The Color Chart button allows you to switch directly to the Color Chart screen and starts measuring
96. can also be displayed in an irradiance chart figure above which shows the chromaticity diagram the irradiance spectrum the spectrum in scope mode and many parameters for colorimetry photometry radiometry and peak measurements Up to 10 different radiometric parameters and or wavelength ranges can be selected for which the output will be displayed e InTime Measurement mode up to 8 functions can be displayed simultaneously against time For each function a different radiometric photometric color coordinate or peak output parameter and or wavelength range may be selected as well as a different spectrometer channel 86 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Before irradiance measurements can be done an intensity calibration is required The intensity calibration contains the data transfer function for each pixel The data transfer function is used to convert the scope data A D Counts into irradiance data in uWatt cm To be able to calculate the transfer function a calibrated light source with known output in uWatt cm nm needs to be available 4 4 1 Background When saving the A D Counts with the reference light source on and off we know the relation between the A D Counts and pWatt cm Caldata refcal darkcal Caldata Intensity of the calibrated light source at pixel n in pWatt cm from lampfile refcal A D Counts at pixel n that were saved with the reference light source on darkcal
97. cans that the spectrometer will accumulate will be saved to the hard disk If NrOfScans gt 1 the datasaving will be done as fast as possible without screen updates Edge Triggered When this mode is selected the one or multiple scans will be started at the rising edge of a TTL pulse at pin 6 of the DB26 connector The delay between the rising edge and the actual start of the integration time can be found in the table above Level Triggered When this mode is selected the spectrometer will start to accumulate data take scans at the selected integration time at the rising edge of the TTL pulse and will continue to do so as long as the TTL signal remains high When the signal becomes low the average of the accumulated data except for the last scan will be displayed or saved This mode is especially useful for conveying belt applications when a product needs to be scanned independent of the transport speed 3 2 9 8Setup Menu Options Auto configure Integration time After this menu option is clicked AvaSoft starts searching for an optimal integration time Depending on the maximum counts in the last scan the integration time will be increased decreased automatically until an optimal signal is measured The changing values of the actual integration time during the search can be followed in the integration time field at the edit bar If the auto configure integration time routine needs to be aborted before an optimal integration time has been fo
98. changes to a green Start If the Start button is clicked data acquisition is activated again and the text changes back to the yellow Pause again The Save Reference and Save Dark buttons have the same functionality as in the main window The Info button shows the Function Entry dialog in which all parameters can be viewed not edited while the measurement is running By clicking the Print button the graphics that are displayed can be printed during the run First the printer specific dialog shows up in which the print options can be set For example if only one graph of the four in the figure above need to be printed this graph can be selected by the page s radiobutton All graphics are printed full size on a different page Zoom features In each graph the same zoom features apply as in the main window except for scaling the Y axis with the mouse wheel However zooming in over the X axis while the measurement is running and the X axis is already scrolling will not be possible because in that case the X axis is updated with each new scan Clicking the pause button to take a snapshot will solve this problem Zoom in select a region to be expanded to the full graph To select this region click the left mouse button in the white graphics region and drag it downwards and to the right After releasing the left mouse button both the X and Y axis will be rescaled to the new values of the selected region Dec 09 71 Avante
99. chosen The functions F1 to F8 can be selected by clicking the corresponding TAB sheet at the top of this dialog Furthermore a number of general function independent parameters can be entered below of the function TAB sheets Function Type The first time that the Function Entry dialog is activated all 8 History Application Function Entry History Channel Function Entry FI F2 F3 r s re rr ra Function Type E Hone ie Integral User Defined View Spectrum Peak Measure Mod E Scope Absorbance f Transmittance Inadiance Function Definitio Spectrometer Channel Wavelength range nm Multiple with From Eon To e00 i D00 Master Function Display Settings manis time i Auto Y anis Function Value i Auto f Fixed Min E Max jos ie Fixed Seconds Display Last fi amp Minutes Hours Display No Graphics To Speed Up Data Processing Save Function Qutpu Do not save Function Output Save Function Output Save every Ao Seconds To File D source S4 5 Delphiddata History dat Change Output File I Create Backup File x Cancel Save HCF Load HCF functions are not activated Function Type None To define a function the Function Type radio button needs to be changed from None to Integral User Defined View Spectrum or Peak After defining the function type the Measure Mode Function Definition and Function Display Settings can be se
100. d full size ona different page At the right top of each graph a color indicator panel shows the color of the Sample being measured If the function output is a color difference value like dE in the figure above then a second color indicator panel is shown for the reference color If time measurement data have been saved the resulting ASCII file can be displayed graphically by selecting this file in the dialog that is shown after clicking the menu option Application History Display Saved History Graph After clicking the Open button in this dialog the function output is displayed against time Both X and Y axis are set to their full scale which is determined by the minimum and maximum values in the list Zoom features In each graph the same zoom features apply as in the main window except for scaling the Y axis with the mouse wheel However zooming in over the X axis while the measurement is running and the X axis is already scrolling will not be possible because in that case the X axis is updated with each new scan Clicking the pause button to take a snapshot will solve this problem Zoom in select a region to be expanded to the full graph To select this region click the left mouse button in the white graphics region and drag it downwards and to the right After releasing the left mouse button both the X and Y axis will be rescaled to the new values of the selected region Zoom out drag with the left mouse
101. d in the main window is always in uwatts cm2 Without the AvaSoft IRRAD the unit in irradiance mode will be relative irradiance Limitations An Excel sheet includes 256 columns Therefore a maximum of 255 files 1 column for wavelength can be transferred into one sheet Starting with version 7 4 so called merged files can be converted These contain spectra from multiple channels combined in a single graph Consult section 3 2 9 13 for details Dec 09 33 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 1 17 File Menu Save Graph to RTF This menu option allows you to save the main screen to disk The graph will be saved in JPEG format embedded in a one page RTF file You can open this file with Microsoft Word edit it extract the graph change the size of the graph etc 3 1 18 File Menu Exit Closes AvaSoft The measurement settings are saved to EEProm before loj x the software is closed During the process of saving it is very important that the spectrometer is not powered off A dialog as shown at the right will Please do not power off until AvaSoft is closed become visible as long as data are saved lt 1 sec for USB2 about 8 sec for RS232 bluetooth connection Saying settings to EEPramm 34 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes IJE 3 2 Setup Menu Fg Avasofte 7 0 Full 2006 Ayvantes File Setup view Application Help Gta Hardware Wavelength Calibration Coefficients In
102. dragging with the right mouse button results in moving the complete spectrum up or down and to the left or right Zoom features 110 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 4 7 Auto Adjust Integrationtime Introduction In Irradiance mode the integration time should be selected such that the maximum intensity of the ADC Counts is around 90 of the full scale In experiments where the light intensity varies slowly during a long period of time e g solar measurements over 24 hours it is possible to setup the software in such a way that the integration time is autoadjusted if the maximum of the measured intensity in the previous scan is outside certain limits Normally when changing the integration time manually it is always recommended to save a new dark spectrum If the integration time is automatically changed the dark spectrum at the new integration time can also be different To avoid recording a new dark spectrum after each change of integration time a dark calibration can be done at minimum integration time and long integration time This dark calibration can be saved to EEProm for all pixels During the measurements the dark data is then calculated by interpolating the saved dark spectra at different integration times 4 4 7 1 Auto Adjust Integrationtime Settings The Settings window as displayed in the figure below is activated by clicking the Auto Adjust Integrationtime Settings TAB in the Irradiance s
103. e FINALOOO1 IRRX Amplitude 0 Smoothing 6 Spline OFF _ _ Inttime 36 56 ms Averages 140 78 070708301 File FINALOOO1 IRRX Amplitude 53 632 Smoothing 6 Spline OFF Inttime 70 01 ms Averages 70 78 Note that the overlap range is determined by the start and stop wavelength for each spectrometer channel To minimize recalculation of the intensity select the start and stop wavelength such that only a small overlap range remains The quality of the signal in terms of signal noise should be used to decide for which spectrometer channel the wavelength range should be reduced An example is a dual channel UV VIS NIR spectrometer system with a 200 1100nm range at channel 1 and 1000 2200nm range at channel 2 The full range for the 200 1100nm channel UA grating is probably 200 to 1300nm but the factory setting for the stop wavelength is only1100nm because the CCD is insensitive at wavelengths over 1100nm It is not a good idea to use the signal between 1100 and 1300nm when merging this channel with the NIR channel as this signal is of poor quality The remaining overlap range between 1000nm start of NIR channel and 1100nm can be reduced further If the quality of channel 1 between 1050 and 1100nm is lower than the quality of the NIR channel set the stop wavelength for channel 1 to 1050nm Likewise if the contribution of the NIR channel around 1000nm should be reduced increase the start wavelength for channel 2 When leaving the
104. e between the high density 26 pole Sub D connectors at the AvaSpec USB2 and the 15 pole DB connector of the AvaLight XE If used with a multichannel system Sony UA jo make sure that the AvaLight XE is connected to the master sync spectrometer only the number of flashes per scan set for the master synch spectrometer will determine flash rate To disable M Cancel the strobe simply enter 0 under the NrOfFlashes 3 2 8 Setup Menu PWM AvaLight LED control The AvaLight LED needs to be attached to a AvaSpec Wa frmSetPWM MEA USB2 by connecting an IC DB26 2 interface cable between the high density 26 pole Sub D connectors at the AvaSpec USB2 and the 15 pole DB connector of the AvaLight LED DO1 pin11 The frequency can be set between 500 Hz and 300 kHz the duty cycle between 0 and 100 X Cancel If used with a multichannel system all channels can have their own independent PWM setting for both frequency and duty cycle To disable the PWM output simply enter 0 under the Duty Cycle Spectrometer Duty Cycle 0 100 2 Freg 500 300000 Hz 1000 1000 Dec 09 39 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Check on Saturation All options described in this section are standard included in Full width Half Max p AvaSoft FULL version In AvaSoft BASIC these features are not available 3 2 9 Setup Menu Options Integrals Autosave Spectra Penodically or on DIG IM Corect for Drift A
105. e integrating sphere sample port over the light output port Verify that the calibration lamp is ON for at least 15 minutes and click the Start Intensity Calibration button Try to adjust the integration time while looking at the reference light such that the maximum count over the wavelength range is around 90 of the full ADC scale which is 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC It s also possible to let AvaSoft search for an optimal integration time by clicking the JAC button Adjust the Smoothing Parameter to optimize smoothing for the Fiber Slit diameter that is used If a good reference signal is displayed click the white Save Reference button A white line will mark the reference spectrum Then switch off the calibration lamp wait until the spectrum becomes flat near the bottom of the scale and click the black button to save a dark spectrum A black line will mark the dark spectrum Click the Save Intensity Calibration button A dialog shows up in which the current settings in this intensity calibration are shown If the calibration has been performed with diffuser the intensity calibration data will be saved to an ASCII file with extension dfr with bare fiber this extension will be fbr The name of the intensity calibration file can be entered after clicking the Save As button With USB2 spectrometers the intensity calibration can also be saved to EEProm by clicking the
106. ect The selected illuminant is used in calculation of the color parameters These color parameters will be different if for example A will be selected instead of D65 just as the color of an object will look different in average daylight or in incandescent light 2854K blackbody e CIE Standard Observer The original CIE standard observer functions x y and z were defined in 1931 and are known as the 2 degrees standard observer values The 2 degrees corresponds with the angle of vision that was used in the experiments to determine these standard observer values In 1964 the CIE recommended the use of different observer values for a higher correlation with visual perception for large samples These are known as the 1964 supplementary standard observer or 10 degrees observer values Both standards are still in use and in AvaSoft the CIE standard observer can be selected by clicking one of the radiobuttons The default is 2 degrees 82 Avantes Dec 09 www avantes com info avantes com antes e Function display settings For each function one of the color parameters can be selected Functions for which the color parameter has been set to None will be disabled If one of the color difference parameters dL da db or dE is selected the reference color to which the measured color needs to be compared needs to be defined as well Therefore the reference color definition box figure below will be displayed if dL da db or dE is click
107. ect for dynamic dark ON The saturation detection in AvaSoft is done before the data is corrected for dynamic dark so it will also detect saturation with dynamic dark ON Monitor resolution The CCD contains 2048 3648 pixels which is a lot more than the monitor pixels in the graph Since not each CCD pixels can be drawn at the monitor a sharp peak at one CCD pixel can be saturated although this is not visible at the monitor Use the zoom function if you want to verify if this is the cause of saturation Zoomed in Saturation can also happen at a wavelength range that is not visible because the graph is not at full scale Under all these circumstances the saturation label will be shown in the statusbar of the spectrometer channel for which one or more pixels are saturated During time series measurements History Channel Functions color versus time irradiance versus time the saturation detection will be done only for the relevant wavelength range The relevant wavelength range in color measurements is from 380 to 780 nm For History Channel Functions the relevant wavelength range is set by the user For example when monitoring an integral between 500 and 505 nm saturation detection and notification will be done only for this range If saturated the saturation label will become visible in the History Channel output If the time series measurements are saved online to Excel the font color in Excel will be red for a history channel as
108. ectly followed by the sequence number of the saved spectrum The extension of this first file depends on the current measuring mode as shown below Extension Mode ROH Scope Mode ABS Absorbance TRM Transmittance Reflectance IRR Irradiance The second file contains the line of comments which may have been added to this graph The name of this second file is except for the extension the same as the name of the first file experiment name and sequence number The extension of this second file also depends on the measuring mode as shown below Extension Mode RCM Scope Mode ACM Absorbance TCM Transmittance Reflectance ICM Irradiance Example suppose the name of our experiment is avantes Then saving one spectrum in scope mode one in absorbance mode and two in transmittance mode results in the following files avantes0001 roh spectrum data in scope mode avantes0001 rcm comments for the spectrum saved in avantes0001 roh avantes0001 abs spectrum data in absorbance mode avantes0001 acm comments for the spectrum saved in avantesO001 abs avantes0O001 trm spectrum transmittance mode avantes0001 tcm comments for the spectrum saved in avantesO001 trm avantesO002 trm spectrum data in transmittance mode avantes0O002 tcm comments for the spectrum saved in avantesO002 trm Dec 09 21 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes After leaving the application and opening AvaSoft the next time saving graphics in scope
109. ectrum other units can be selected at the Y axis Absorbance Units Percentage Transmittance or Relative Irradiance 550 600 Wavelength nm Display saved Graph and Line style editor By clicking on the legend with the right mouse button multiple spectra DeActivate AVANTESOOOL ROA that were saved earlier can be displayed Line Properties New in AvaSoft 7 is that displayed graphs can be deleted or Edit Comment properties of the displayed graphs such as line style or color or comments can be changed This is done by clicking with Border Editor the right mouse button on the line in the graphical display A 9 small line edit box will appear M Misible Style Solid hi Now the line can be deactivated or the line properties can be Color E width m changed as depicted in the border editor or the comments can be edited Round Cancel 16 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Zoom in select a region to be expanded to the full graph To select this region click the left mouse button in the white graphical region and drag it downwards and to the right After releasing the left mouse button within the graphic display both the X and Y axis will be rescaled to the new values of the selected region Zoom out drag with the left mouse button within the white rectangle but in stead of dragging the mouse downwards and to the right drag it in another direction After releasing the mouse button bo
110. ed Reference Colo a Current Reference Color le Ls heshdata example pct te DE 96 29 aREF 1045 bree 71 66 LREF Select Select Current Reference Color from Table Add Add Current Reference Color to Table ProductiD vellow For each function a different reference color can be selected A detailed description about the DB Select and Add button can be found in the previous section The color parameters that have been set in the functions can be displayed graphically against time The amount of time that will be displayed at the X axis can be set manually by clicking the Fixed radiobutton see figure below If set to Auto the time axis will be set to 1 minute The Y Axis can also be set to Fixed or to Auto The Auto option will set the Y axis range to the minimum and maximum function values that are in the list of measured datapoints amis Function Value C Auto f Fined l C Seconds Ydin 35 00 Display Last fi f Minutes C Hours Mas 105 0 Function Independent Parameters Display No Graphics To Speed Up Data Processing Save Function Outpu C Do not save Function Output Save every fl seconds f Save Function Output To File O test CooT ime dat W Create Backup File vi OF x Cancel Save Settings Load Settings Function Independent Parameters Display no graphics to speed up data processing Below the TAB sheets for function definition an option can be enabled or disab
111. ed in section 4 4 1 background it determines the radiometric and photometric parameters that can be measured as well as the way these are calculated If an AvaSphere is used it is important to know if the light source is measured inside the sphere like often is done with LED s or outside the sphere This setting can be entered after clicking the AvaSphere button and then inside or outside sphere The Parameter group setting determines which parameters will be shown in the irradiance chart By clicking one of the group parameters the detailed settings for this group become visible A description about these parameters and how they are calculated can be found in section 4 4 1 By default only the Colorimetric parameters are enabled Colonmetric Parameters z aw Tou CRI Dominant Wavelength Complementary Dom Wavelength oy Oo z2 2 FY Color Temp Purity v Irradiance Settings Calibration Itradiance Chart Iradiance Tim Spectrometer Channe 070203301 Hardware setup Detector type f COUYAIS or Fiber i AvaSphere Parameter group fw Colorimetry Photornetry Peak Measurement Graphics W Display Chromaticity Diagram Iv Display raw 4 0 Counts Graph W Display Iradiance Graph Save Settings Save eepenment results to file Jirchart txt Change Output File W Save lradiance Spectrum W Save lradiance Chart To JPG CIE Standard Observe f 2 degrees
112. eeds to be activated can be selected out of all displayed spectra fe 3646 CO A VANTESOOOT AOH C AVANTE SOOUY ROH 18 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes In sections 3 1 to 3 3 the main menu options File Setup and View Menu and their submenu s are described in detail 3 Menu Options 3 1 File Menu v AvaSolt f 3 Full 2008 Avantes File Setup View Application Help SA Average fi Start New Experiment Save Load Pririt Black and White printer Display Saved Graph Display 3D Graph Convert Graph Save Graph to ATF Exit 3 1 1 File Menu Start New Experiment After selecting this option a dialog box appears in which a new experiment name can be entered The experiment name will be saved as a filename with the extension kon This extension does not need to be entered After clicking the save button Enter New Experiment Name the current filename will be built up from the experiment name that has been entered and a a sequence number starting at m 0001 ae Example if the experiment name d is test the first graphic file that will be saved in scope mode will be called test0001 ROH the sequence number will be automatically incremented so the next file that will be saved in scope mode will be called File name Yew kon test0002 ROH etc For detailed MMMM Sovcastyce Emeimenries i Cancel information on graphic filenames Li see File Save Experime
113. eet program like Microsoft Excel The data in the file can also be viewed with a text editor like Microsoft Word or with Notepad An example of the file format is given on the next page 72 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes History Channel Functions Measurement Report Measurements started at 29 06 01 Time 15 06 29 Integration time 3 ms Average 1 scans Description of the Functions FUNCTION 1 User Defined Function m 400 Scope Mode FUNCTION 2 User Defined Function m 500 Absorbance Mode FUNCTION 3 User Defined Function m 600 FUNCTION 4 User Defined Function m 700 FUNCTION 5 Integral Master Channel between 380 0 and 780 0 nm Multiplied with 1 000 Transmittance Mode FUNCTION 6 View Spectrum in Transmittance Mode No Data Saved FUNCTION 7 Not Activated FUNCTION 8 Not Activated Transmittance Mode Irradiance Mode Time SecondsF 1 F2 F3 F4 F5 15 06 29 0 62 79 79 2 294E 3 100 8 74 11 40192 15 06 30 0 77 81 84 2 059E 3 100 9 74 17 40236 15 06 30 0 92 81 79 3 756E 3 100 2 73 77 40201 15 06 30 1 07 84 69 3 209E 3 101 0 73 43 40202 15 06 30 1 22 82 19 7 877E 4 100 3 74 11 40188 Dec 09 73 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 2 Applications Wavelength Calibration Please refer to section 3 2 2 for a description about the polynomial that converts the pixelnumber on the detector into the corresponding wavelength at the X axis in AvaSoft If a Wavelength
114. elow Unzooming the 2D graphs will also unzoom the 3D graph Note that zooming and unzooming the 2D graphs is performed the same way as in the main screen of AvaSoft You zoom the graph by clicking the top left corner of your area to select hold down the left mouse button then draw a rectangle and release the mouse button at the lower right corner of the area to select You unzoom the graph by clicking anywhere on the graph hold down the left mouse button then drag a rectangle towards the top and left and release the mouse button at any position You can pan the 2D graphs by holding down the right mouse button It is also possible to manually select the ranges by entering values in the Select Time Range Select Wavelength Range and Select Counts Range boxes and pressing the Zoom button Note that changing the Select Counts Range will only have an effect if the Autoscale Y axis option is unchecked The Unzoom button will undo all your changes After your selection is made you can save the scans to disk by pressing the Save button Each scan will result in two files written to disk The ROH file contains the spectrometer setup and the data from the scan itself The RCM file contains the timestamp from the scan as a microsecond offset value from the first scan If you save the ROH files to Excel using AvaSoft File Convert Graph to Excel the timestamp values from the RCM f
115. en entered in the Function Definition Box will be displayed at the X axis The spectrum for the selected spectrometer channel will be displayed in the selected measure mode In combination with AvaSoft XLS the View Spectrum mode can also be used to export the spectra online to Excel section 4 6 If the History Channel Functions are used to track the intensity or wavelength of a peak see below for the Function Definition Peak a graphical feature can be used to visualize the peak changes in a spectrum The number of peaks to display in the spectrum can be entered This number between 0 and 100 is the number of vertical lines that will be drawn in the spectrum each vertical line representing one of the detected peaks in the past e The height of the vertical line is equal to the peak intensity e The wavelength at which the vertical line is drawn in the spectrum corresponds to the wavelength of the detected peak e The color of a vertical line represents the oldness of the peak Most recent peak is red going back in time followed by orange green and blue All older peaks are gray colored from light gray oldest peak to dark gray one peak older than blue The time interval at which the vertical lines are updated is the same as the time interval at which the function output is saved to be entered under Save every x Seconds under Save Function Output 68 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes For example suppose the
116. er and starts its integration time cycle the user specified Integration Delay period after each TTL Out If the timing is controlled by the laser or external pulse generator the spectrometer will wait for the external trigger pulse and it will start the integration time cycle the user specified Integration Delay period after receiving the external trigger input Then it will wait again for the next external trigger pulse to arrive After each scan the Performed Nr of Average number is updated and after Nr of Average scans the Performed Nr of Measurements number as well as the graphical output is updated 132 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes This application requires an AvaSpec USB2 spectrometer with firmware version 0 20 or later A firmware upgrade utility can be downloaded from our website As the application is rather demanding on your computer it is advisable to use a recent model PC with good graphics performance preferably with a dedicated graphics card 4 9 Applications Store To Ram 4 9 1 Introduction AvaSoft Store To Ram allows you to measure a fixed amount of scans as fast as possible without the overhead of USB communications The scans are stored in the internal memory of the AS5216 and the results are only sent to the computer after the last measurement has been made You can for example store as much as 19784 full pixel scans with the AvaSpec 102 which has 102 pixels and a
117. ers save options to the file cootime ini and restores these parameters the next time AvaSoft is started With the Save Settings and Load Settings buttons it s also possible to save these parameter settings to and load from a file with the extension coo With this feature it is possible to save for each experiment a different coo file so it can be loaded a next time the same settings are required The left figure below shows the dialog in which the name of the file can be entered after clicking the Save Settings button The right figure below which is displayed after clicking the Load Settings button illustrates how to select an earlier saved coo file Enter Color Of Object settings Filename E Load Color Of Object settings Filename EES Opslaan als a data E ci Ea gl Zoeken im E data c eal L Fahm Sa t132 L fahm J t132 J Ham256 m labE yellow coo J Ham256 labE yellow coo Z leja Z leja m Hen coo L smoothing J smoothing _ speed J speed tine time Bestandsnaam Bestandsnaam labEyellow coo Opslaan als type Color Of Object Settings Files Annuleren Bestandstypen Color Of Object settings Files A After the definition of one or more functions the OK button is clicked to start measuring the CANCEL button to leave the dialog and return to AvaSoft s main window After starting the color measurements by clicking OK the output of the selected color parameters will be displayed against time
118. erting the graphs to ASCII Excel or JCAMP The Apply merging also in Scopemode checkmark can be enabled if you also want to merge the raw data in scopemode Due to different sensitivity of gratings detectors mirrors fiber optics and possibly other settings e g integration time the raw data in scopemode will probably not match in the overlapping wavelength range and therefore merging data in scopemode does not make much sense However for some applications like LIBS it is more important to identify the location of the spectral peaks than the peak intensity In such applications multichannel systems are often used because of the higher peak resolution and it is convenient to merge these channels into a single spectrum also in scopemode It is recommended in this case to save a dark spectrum for all channels and use the option Subtract Saved Dark to let the spectrum start at a baseline near zero Of course Apply merging also in Scopemode can also be selected to do a quick test to see how merging affects the raw spectra in the overlapping range s in scopemode Finally make sure the Enable checkbox is marked in the Merge Spectrometer Channel Settings dialog and click the OK button to save the settings and start measuring in merge mode 3 2 9 13 3 Processing scans in merge mode The AvaSpec USB2 spectrometer channels can all be setup for different integration time and averages In Sync mode the start of a meas
119. es between scans C5 C Wavelength scale in nm for first History Channel spectrum D3 Value for first History Channel 0 if spectrum is selected D5 D Spectrum for first History Channel 120 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes E5 E Wavelength scale in nm for second History Channel spectrum empty if spectrum is not selected F3 Value for second History Channel F5 F Spectrum for second History Channel empty if spectrum is not selected etc depends on the wavelength range selected 4 6 4 Start Output You start the output the usual way with Application History Start measuring You can also use the corresponding button on the Button Bar Call was rejected by callee Please do not perform large alterations of the worksheet while data is being transmitted An error Call was rejected by callee will be issued if Excel is too busy Moving around the worksheet should not pose any problems Save any alterations to your worksheet before starting the transfer to Excel You do not have to close the worksheet or close Excel 4 6 5 Stop Output If you want to stop the transfer to Excel give focus to AvaSoft and press Exit It may take a few seconds before the buttons appear Wa history Channel Functions Exit Pause Info Fe User Defined Function 21 800 Scope Mode Output 10 24 Excel will not be closed by AvaSoft S
120. eter channel will be displayed graphically Set the smoothing parameter to optimize smoothing for the fiber slit diameter used see me also section 3 2 3 5 000 Set the integration time such that a good 4 000 reference signal is measured maximum D around 90 of the full ADC scale which is i 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC It s also possible to let 400 500 600 700 00 soo 1000 1400 AvaSoft search for an optimal integration time Haii by clicking the AutoConfigure Integration time JAC button 4 4 4 1 Start Intensity Calibration s _ 2 o o 10 000 9 000 8 000 A D Counts Master 98 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Set the number of scans to Average to a high number to reduce the noise during the intensity calibration If a good reference signal is displayed click the white Save Reference button in the dialog above A white line will mark the reference spectrum Then switch off the calibration lamp wait until the spectrum becomes flat near the bottom of the scale and click the black button to save a dark spectrum A black line will mark the dark spectrum 4 4 4 2 Save Intensity Calibration If reference and dark data have been saved in the figure above the intensity calibration can be saved by clicking the Save Calibration button A dialog shows up in which the current settings in this intensity calibration are sho
121. etting determines the frequency at which the lager is fired Pulse Width us of pulse at p23 fi 5 00 In Hardware Trigger Mode perform one SingleScan after each trigger at pin 6 Freg laser determined by He trigger freg at pin 6 fi 00 00 Laserdelay p2 Delay between receiving pulse at pin 6 and TTL Out at pin 23 y OF x Cancel The LIBS settings dialog is displayed after clicking the menu option Application LIBS Settings The following settings can be entered The Hardware Setup refers to the two options to setup a LIBS measurement as described at the previous page The General Settings include Number of Measurements One measurement includes NrOfAverage scans The average parameter is set in the main windows edit bar For example if 10 measurements are required and the average parameter is set to 16 a total of 160 scans will be done Fixed Variable integration time delay If the Use Variable Integrationtime Delay box is checked the integration time during the first and last measurement need to be entered The integration time delay for all measurements in between will be linearly interpolated Leave the Use Variable Integrationtime Delay box unchecked if the measurements should be performed at fixed integration time delay and enter the required fixed Integration time delay AutoSave Spectra If this box is checked the spectra will be saved after each measurement and can be displayed afte
122. ettings dialog Watrradiance Settings rn iol xi Calibration Iradiance Chart Iradiance Time Series Auto Adjust Integrationtime Settings J Appl Auto Adjust integration time Limit Increase integration time if blas ADC Counts lt eo of full scale 1 000 or ee b807040U2 Decrease integration time if Max ADC Counts gt jaa of full scale a00 700 Dark_1 10m Dark_1000m Masinurnn integration time fi O00 mz S00 Ayveragin J Recalculate Hr of Averages after changing integration time to get a scan duration of about fi O01 ris Dark AD Counts 3 PertormDisplay Dark Correction Calibration Display Saved Dark Stored in EEprom W Display Saved Dark for Channel 080704002 Perform D ark Calibration Start Dark Calibration Status Dark Calibration 200 400 600 B00 1 000 Wavelength nm Dec 09 111 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The Auto Adjust Integrationtime feature can be switched on or off by clicking the Apply checkbox at the top of the Settings windows In the limits box you can change the percentages at which the integration time will be changes For example if the full scale is 65535 ADC Counts and the switching limits are 80 and 90 like in the figure above the integration time will be increased for the next scan if the maximum Counts measured is lower than 0 80 65535 52428 Likewise if the maximum is more than 0 90 65535
123. evels and status before closing the form or selecting another spectrometer in the drop down box The monitoring can be switched on and off per spectrometer with the Alarm Status radiobutton It can be started and stopped altogether with the Start Stop Voltage Monitoring button When the measured voltage is lower than the alarm trigger level both a visual and audio warning will be issued At this moment you can disable the monitoring if you want to by selecting Off in the Alarm Status and pressing the Save Settings button or by pressing the Stop Voltage Monitoring button l Battery Voltage Too Low Charge Batteries Now l When you continue measuring with the voltage monitoring switched on eventually the measured voltage will be lower than the shutdown trigger level An error message will be issued and the program will stop scanning Error B Batter Voltage Too Low ll Ayvasott Measuring Stopped Quick Start 1 Connect the monitoring cable of the battery pack to the HD26 plug of your AvaSpec 2 Select Setup Options Battery Voltage Monitoring 3 Check if the Alarm Status for your spectrometer is set to On 4 Press the Save Settings button 5 Press the Start Voltage Monitoring button 6 Press the Close Form button 50 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com aYantes y Battery Yoltage Monitoring ajej iol x Alarm Setting
124. evious page outside sphere or Photon Flux uMol s Photons received per second at diffuser surface CC outside sphere or Photons m uMol m Photons received per square meter during one CC integration time cycle outside sphere or Photons uMol Photons received at diffuser surface during one CC integration time cycle Photometry Photometry is the measurement of visible light Unlike radiometry it is not a purely physical measurement and is calculated considering a standard human visual perception This is attained by multiplying the radiometric data by the luminous efficacy curve see figure below and integrating the product over the visible range 380 780 nm Dec 09 93 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Luminous efficacy curve 700 600 a Q oO gt Q oO 69 Q oO Luminous efficacy lumens watt 200 100 380 430 480 530 580 630 680 730 780 Wavelength nm The three categories that were defined for the radiometric parameters can also be used for the photometric parameters The photometric equivalent for the Radiant Flux Watt is the Luminous Flux expressed in Lumens The photometric equivalent for the Radiant Intensity uWatt sr is the Luminous Intensity expressed in Lumens sr This unit is equal to Candela The photometric equivalent for Irradiance yWatt cm is called Illuminance expressed in Lumens m This unit is equal to
125. fastest integration cycle of 0 1 msec By limiting the wavelength range in the measurement Setup Wavelength Calibration Coefficients change the Start at and Stop at fields you can extend the number of scans to a maximum of 65504 scans When you use a spectrometer with more pixels the number of full pixel scans is proportionally less For example with the AvaSpec 2048 USB2 the number of full pixel scans is 1013 and the fastest integration cycle is 1 1 msec If you enter more scans the application will return the maximum amount that could be made with the selected wavelength range and change the number in the edit field All spectrometers allow you to extend the amount of Store To Ram scans by limiting the wavelength range Note that the time needed to transport the data to the computer after the measurement has been made can be as long as 50 seconds if you select a very large number of scans After the scans have been sent to the computer the AvaSoft Store To Ram application allows you to make a range selection in the scans and save the selected scans to ROH files on disk These files can then be processed further in AvaSoft or easily read into Excel and processed there The data are visualized with a single 3D and two 2D graphs The view of the 3D graph can be adjusted by inverting the Depth axis and the X axis These axes can also be transposed which enables a side view of the graph The Y axis is auto
126. file for saving the color parameters enter a filename that does not Bestandsnaam rest tat already exists AvaSoft will add the txt Bestandstypen Color of Object Output File Annuleren extension and click Open If an existing file is selected the color parameters that will be saved are appended to this file This way experiments that were saved before can be proceeded using the same output file e Reference Color Reference Colo Ge DB File O testhdataexample pct Current Reference Color Select Select Curent Reference Color from T able LREF B224 aPEF 7 57 bRAEF 72 13 Add Add Curent Reference Color to T able RT ee ere nee cm neon A A A ProductiD 562 nm The reference color can be set to compare the L a and b color parameters during the online measurements with the LREF aREF and bREF of the reference color The color differences can be shown during the measurements by dL L LREF da a aREF db b bREF and or dE V dL da db The reference color can be entered manually under Current Reference Color in the figure above or it can be selected from a database file The database file is a list of reference colors that were saved before to this file all with a unique ProductID By default the name of the database file is empty pct By clicking the DB button a different database file can be selected or a new file can be created Dec 09 79 Avantes www avantes c
127. function output will be saved every 3 seconds and the Nr of peaks to display has been set to 10 in function F1 After starting the History Channel Measurements the peak in the spectrum drawn for F1 will be marked by a red vertical line immediately In the next 3 seconds the spectral peak may vary in height or position but the red vertical line remains at the same place and height After 3 seconds the red vertical line becomes orange and a new red line will be drawn at the position and with the height of the peak detected at that moment t 3 After 6 seconds another line is drawn and the colors are shifted again so that red is most recent then orange then green At t 27 seconds the 10 vertical line is drawn again red for the most recent the oldest is now represented by a light gray color At t 30 seconds the oldest peak is removed from the list since in this example the Nr of peaks to display is 10 a new one is added and the colors are shifted according to the definition etc Function Definition Peak Funchon Definition Spectrometer Channel Wavelength range rnm Peak Qutpu Master From 455 0 To 4570 Wavelength Intensity In case a function is defined to display a peak versus time the following parameters can be set The Spectrometer Channel The default is Master but in case more channels are available this can be changed to Slave1 Slave2 up to Slave7 The from and to edit boxes may be changed
128. ges v Radiometric Parameter Selecti 0 x Edit Radiometric Parameter at line i Radiometric Parameter Mone 1 2 Note that the available parameters depend on the E 5 settings in the irradiance chart settings dialog For ee ee ri deuder emi example to be able to measure the radiant intensity Pieces Secere ae the Calculate Power and or Energy emitted by a Photon Pies fuMol s wm source option should be enabled Titec Pire ae ee Graphics a Power emitted uWatt ka 16 000 14 000 o 12 000 10 000 D 8 000 6 000 4 000 2 000 500 550 B00 650 400 BOO B00 1 000 Expand Size Wavelength nim Wavelength nim Chromaticity diagram Radiometric Graph Scope Data Graph The chromaticity diagram is used to visualize the colorimetric measurements According to what has been selected in the irradiance chart settings dialog it will display the locus for the 2 or 10 degrees standard observer The measured x y coordinates will be displayed in the diagram and a line will be drawn from the midpoint x y 1 3 through the measured x y to the edge of the locus which represents the dominant wavelength The scope data graph displays the raw A D counts that are received from the spectrometer This graph can be used to determine if a good integration time has been set If the integration time is too low the radiometric spectrum will be noisy if the integration time is set too high the spectrometer detector can be satu
129. graphic file is marked by a single mouse click on the filename the comment line for this file appears at the top of the graphical region in the main window Selecting multiple filenames can be realized by using the CTRL or SHIFT key in combination with the mouse If the CTRL key is pressed all the files that are clicked by the mouse will be selected for displaying If the SHIFT key is pressed all the files in between two clicked files will be selected for displaying Select the name of the file s to be displayed and click the Open button To leave this dialog without displaying graphic files click the CANCEL button 24 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com In the figure at the right two Gen yon Gok te le graphic files were selected in sw M aglsSsATI 0 B 2 alel El irratian m ores foo ave fT Winrweinngen rey h scope mode The comments that were saved with these See ar resumes E T AE e icon E een graphs are displayed at the top Z AVANTE RON of the graphical region together with information about amplitude at current wavelength amp integration time it and smoothing s settings at the moment that the file was saved and the name of the graphic file If the active spectrometer channels e g Master have not been unselected with the View Channel option the actual data for the activated channel s will be displayed in the same graph as the selected graphic files By svauesunos non clicking t
130. h if the history channel output value lies between the minimum and maximum value It will be set low if the history channel output value exceeds the maximum value OR is smaller than the minimum value If Invert is selected the corresponding output pin will be set high if the history channel output value exceeds the maximum value OR is smaller than the minimum value It will be set low if the history channel output value lies between the minimum and maximum value pa zaja If you want to monitor both threshold eM ee a ee values you can assign two identically configured history channels To monitor a single level set one threshold value to the desired level and the other one to a value that is out of range e g Min to 99999999 and Max to 1000 or Min to 2000 and Max to 99999999 That way you will only need a single channel per threshold value An example of running the History Channel functions together with the digital output signals in the Process Control application is shown in the figure at the right In this example two History Channel functions were defined The threshold values for function F1 were set at 99 5 and 100 5 percent transmittance for function F5 at 0 and 58 These values are represented by the horizontal lines in the graphs 114 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes To specify the History Channel Function range s that v Analog Output Settings g joj x should
131. h of the peak that will be used in the Width field The program will integrate the absorbance values from Peak minus Width to Peak plus Width and uses this integral as the absorbance value in the concentration calculations M Chemometry Settings E i mSelect Variables Master v Peak at nm Width nm Conc Unit Channel Start New Calibration Clear Data Fit Order of Calibration Line First Order Linear Default Second Order Quadratic Actual Calibration Filename Master Load Read bsorbance for point 1 Calculate New Calibration Line 101 x e Actual Points Actual Line 5 a New Points w New Line i o oO C o oO 0 Absorbance Calibration Points Calibration Line Coefficients Intercept Coef 1 Coef 2 St Dev The unit of concentration can be entered in the Conc Unit field This is just a text no adjustments will be made if you change this value Enter the known concentration values for the available standards in the central column of the calibration points table You can include the reference sample with zero concentration in these measurements 124 Avantes www avantes com Dec 09 info avantes com aYantes After this the dialog contains for il chemometry Setar 01 x example the data shown in the Select Variables SEN f
132. h off the light source and save a dark spectrum switch it back on and save a reference 6 Change to Absorbance mode by clicking the A button in the button bar Measure the absorbance of a sample with a high concentration to find the wavelength and bandwidth of an absorbance peak to use most of the time the wavelength with the highest absorbance is used 7 Calibrate your absorbance readings in the Chemometry Settings form section 4 7 2 You can also just use a previous calibration line as it can be saved to disk under a user defined filename and reloaded at the start of the application 8 Enable the Concentration measurements by selecting Application Chemometry Enable from the main menu After the application is enabled it is also possible to select Chem as a History Channel function O1 Dec 09 123 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 7 2 Calibration Settings The dialog at the right is shown after selecting Application Chemometry Settings for the first time An example calibration file exampleO cal has been created in the folder chem which holds the data that is presented in the dialog Note that the example is only illustrative You need to measure a number of samples with known concentration to create your own calibration file s as described in section 4 7 2 1 After a calibration has been saved it will be loaded automatically the next time
133. he Avantes product CD ROM This section describes how to setup Bluetooth data communication with the AvaSpec BT spectrometer 0 2 Bluetooth installation Install AvaSoft for USB2 spectrometers from the Avantes Product CD ROM Insert the Avantes Product CD ROM in the CD drive of your PC select Software Installation and install AvaSoft Install Bluetooth drivers The option to install the Bluesoleil Bluetooth Drivers can also be found in the Software Installation section of the Avantes Product CD ROM Click this option to install the Bluetooth drivers for the BS001 USB dongle After the installation has been completed you will be asked to restart the computer After the restart insert the BS001 USB dongle The Bluetooth Places Window in the figure below can be opened by double clicking the bluetooth icon at the desktop In this window go to the Bluetooth menu and select Display Classic View Bluetooth Places Bluetooth Places Fie Edt View Favorites Tools Bluetooth Help ES gt Bi e Display Classic View m _ BlueSoleil Online Help Fi Address E Bluetooth Places Check For Update n Type Status gt Buy 7 Desktop Idle Other Places Pagistar Bluetooth Operation E Desktop About BlueSoleil Smart Phone Idle i EEEE Cellular Phone Idle A My Documents Eluetooth Device Unknown Idle nm Pe Blobel Ol arar A shortcut to setup the Classic View is to right click the Bluetooth icon in t
134. he green start button the online measurements can be compared directly to the graphics that were saved before lvrpiude 1306 1 HEmoothing 2 Sires ON New in AvaSoft 7 is that displayed graphs can be deleted or properties of the displayed graphs such as line style or color or comments can DeActivate 4V4NTESOOO1 ROH be changed This is done by clicking with the right mouse button on Line Properties the line in the graphical display A small line edit box will appear Edit Comment Now the line can be deactivated or the line properties can be changed as depicted in the border editor or the comments Border Editor can be edited vi Visible Style Sold The menu option File Display Saved Graph is preceded by a EN Es checkmark as long as the earlier saved graphics are displayed Color E elon To clear these earlier saved graphics select again the menu option File Display Saved Graph after which the checkmark Round Cancel disappears and only the spectra for the active spectrometer channel s will be displayed Starting with version 7 4 so called merged files can be displayed These contain spectra from multiple channels combined in a single graph Consult section 3 2 9 13 for details Dec 09 25 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 1 11 File Menu Display 3D Graph The 3D Graph option allows you to load a large number of existing AvaSoft graphs into a 3D view You can view the 3D g
135. he spectrometer to the light source with shutter AvaLight HAL S AvaLight DHc AvaLight D H S DUV The interface cable between TTL shutter and spectrometer is a 26 pin to 15 pin cable IC DB26 2 The TTL switch at the lightsource needs to be in TTL position In AvaSoft the menu option save automatic dark by TTL shutter needs to be enabled in the menu setup options If this option is enabled the TTL will close the shutter of the light source at the moment the dark data is saved After the dark has been saved the shutter will be opened automatically 3 2 9 7 Setup Menu Options External Trigger Setting v External Trigger Setting B Ol x Spectrometer Enable Nr tScans Save Spectrum Edge Triggered Level Triggered 1 v E m x Cancel If the external trigger setting is enabled the spectrometer will wait until a TTL signal at pin 6 of the DB26 connector gets high and will then start the integration time The delay between the rising edge of the TTL pulse and the start of the integration time cycle depends on the spectrometer type as shown in the table below AvaSpec 128 USB2 600 a S C aaa S Dec 09 47 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes If a number of scans is set to a value higher than 1 the spectrometer will accumulate multiple scans on every rising edge of the external TTL trigger This setting is overruled when level triggered is enabled Save Spectrum If this box is checked the s
136. he taskbar which shows the same option Explore Bluetooth Places Display Classic view My Device Properties Turn off Bluetooth 6 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com Connect the 12 VDC external power supply or batterypack to the AvaSpec BT First make sure that the Batterypack is completely charged if not connect the batterypack to the charger and let it charge until the LED on the charger starts to flicker trickle charge mode Now connect the batterypack to the AvaSpec BT and switch on the batterypack switch on the frontside and switch on the AvaSpec BT to external power In the Classic View the AvaSpec will initially be displayed as a Bluetooth Device The icon is a question mark IVT BlueSoleil q S x Bluetooth wiew Help Type Unknown Status Idle Bluetooth Address 00 12 F3 00 99 BB Double click to search Bluetooth services Right click to get more options Bluetooth Device 0 Services Display services al By double clicking the question mark icon the serial port icon will be high lighted 1 T Bluesoleil E Bei Bluetooth wiew Help Bluetooth Serial Port Double click to establish the connection Right click to get more options Bluetooth Device 1 Services Searching service Finished IP 0 0 0 0 Dec 09 7 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes By double clicking the Serial Port icon the connection will be established and a virtual serial port
137. ht source of known color temperature is needed as a reference for example the AvaLight HAL with color temperatures of 2850K at default jumper setting The relative radiance energy at wavelength A is then calculated using the current sample the reference and the dark data sets S B sample dark Where B is the computed component of the spectral distribution of the blackbody radiant emmittance at user selected temperature in degrees Kelvin divided by the current reference data at wavelength A How to take relative irradiance measurements with AvaSoft 1 Start the AvaSoft software and click the Start button in the main window 2 Connect a fiber to the Spectrometer input port 3 Adjust the Smoothing Parameters in the Setup menu to optimize smoothing for the Fiber Slit diameter that is used 4 Set up the experiment such that the other end of the fiber points at the sample of light to be determined use a fixture for the best results Usually some sort of spectrum may be seen on the screen but it is possible that too much or too little light reaches the spectrometer at the present data collection settings Too much light means that over a certain wavelength range the signal is overloaded shown as a straight line at any arbitrary height even near zero This can usually be solved by a shorter integration time The integration time can be changed in the main window in the white box below the start stop button If AvaSoft is collecti
138. if the number of Sie Fie LEANING ROH Ampui 5M5 Smeething E detector pixels that are displayed OOO m is smaller than the number of monitor pixels at the x axis Smoothing To get a smoother spectrum without losing information it is important to set in the software the right smoothing parameter The optimal smoothing parameter depends on the distance between the pixels at the detector array and the light beam that enters the spectrometer For the AvaSpec 2048 the distance between the pixels on the CCD array is 14 micron With a 200 micron fiber no slit installed connected the optical pixel resolution is about 14 3 CCD pixels With a smoothing parameter set to 7 each pixel will be averaged with 7 left and 7 right neighbor pixels Averaging over 15 pixels with a pitch distance between the CCD pixels of 14 micron will cover 15 14 210 micron at the CCD array Using a fiber diameter of 200 micron means that we will lose resolution when setting the smoothing parameter to 7 Theoretically the optimal smoothing parameter is therefore 6 The formula is slit size pixel size 1 2 In the table below the recommended smoothing values for the AvaSpecs spectrometer are listed as function of the light beam that enters the spectrometer This light beam is the fiber core diameter or if a smaller slit has been installed in the spectrometer the slit width Note that this table shows the optimal smoothing without losing resolution If re
139. ighlighted line that sections the 3D graph This feature is turned on and off with the 3D checkbox at the top right position of each 2D graph The amount of data in the 3D graph and the second 2D graph Counts vs Measurement has been limited to prevent computer overload If more data is present only one out a calculated number of scans or pixels is shown Zooming the graphs will reveal more detail The fraction of the data that is shown is indicated in the title of the relevant axis E g Measurement 1 10 means that only one out of every 10 scans is shown Note that the first 2D graph Counts vs Wavelength always shows all of the data present It is therefore possible to show this graph as a highlighted line in the 3D graph that shows more detail than the 3D graph itself shows Zooming in will show more detail in the 3D graph which will eventually correct the discrepancy The 3D graph does not allow direct manipulation with the mouse You can zoom both 2D graphs and the 3D graph will zoom to the selected range The selected range will then also be shown in the manual selection boxes described below Unzooming the 2D graphs will also unzoom the 3D graph Note that zooming and unzooming the 2D graphs is performed the same way as in the main screen of AvaSoft You zoom the graph by clicking the top left corner of your area to select hold down the left mouse button then draw a rectangle and release the mouse button at the lowe
140. igure at the right Channel Master Actual Line If the zero concentration Peak at 569 nm New Line reference sample is included like Ti in the example at the right set up Oo the experiment to measure this reference Use the keyboard or _ Stat Now Calibration Clear Data ete mouse to point out the row in the peiz 3 cee ue Calibration Points Calibration Line Coefficients table for which sample the ee ee aces C Second Order Quadratic Saw absorbance value will be measured Coe Wh en moving through th e rows in Actual Calibration Filename Master Coef 2 Load St Dev the table the text in the button Read Absorbance for point x will Read Absorbance for point _ be updated for the sample that will Calculate New Calibration Line ae be measured In the example we start with measuring the absorbance of point 1 which is the reference sample Click the Read Absorbance for point 1 button to import the measured absorbance into the left column in the table If the reference is measured the value should be very close to 0 000 The measured absorbance and corresponding concentration will be visualized as a new point in the graph Now move the cursor in the table to the second row setup the experiment for measuring the sample of known concentration for point 2 30 mmol l in the example above and click the Read Absorbance for point 1 button to import the measured absorbance into the left colu
141. iles will be written into Excel in row 6 of each data column allowing you to use these timestamp values in calculations The files are numbered consecutively a five digit number is affixed to the filename you enter in the dialog The starting number of the sequence is the lower limit of the range of selected scans Only the presence of a previous version of this file will trigger an overwrite warning in the dialog All consecutive scans will silently overwrite previous versions with the same filename Note that the scans that are saved in the ROH files are all full scans only the values entered in Select Time Range have an effect here If you want to limit the wavelength range in the ROH files you will have to do this in the AvaSoft setup screen as described above Although it is possible to use the Store To Ram application to measure huge amounts of scans with a limited wavelength range we strongly advise you to save only a limited amount of scans If you select 50000 scans to save the huge number of small files to save will bring your computer to a near standstill For this reason a warning has been built in when you want to save more than 2500 scans You can save the graphs to disk by pressing the Save Graphs button You can first enter a comment line which will be included on the page Next you can enter the filename that will be used to save the graphs The three graphs will be saved in JPEG format embedded in a single
142. inish After all files have been installed the Installation Complete dialog shows up Click Finish Connecting the hardware Connect the USB connector to a USB port on your computer with the supplied USB cable Windows will display the Found New Hardware dialog Select the default option to install the software automatically and click next After the Hardware Wizard has completed the following dialog is displayed Found New Hardware Wizard Click Finish to complete the installation Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard Please note that if the spectrometer is Connected to another USB port to which it has not been connected before the Found New Hardware Wizard will need to install the software for this port as well For this reason this Wizard will run NrOfChannel times for a multichannel AvaSpec USB2 spectrometer system This because inside the housing the USB ports for each spectrometer channel is connected to a USB Hub Windows Vista will install the driver automatically without displaying the Found New Hardware Wizard dialogs The wizard has finished installing the software for Hg AvaSpec USB2 Click Finish to close the wizard Eancel Dec 09 5 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The AvaSpec spectrometers with Bluetooth wireless data transfer support are shipped with a Bluesoleil BS001 USB dongle The Bluetooth drivers can be installed from t
143. iods Entering a value of zero results in Saving every scan The name of the file to which the data will be saved can be changed after clicking the Change Output File button 108 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Last option in the Save Function Output box is to enable or disable the possibility to create a backup file during the measurements If this option is enabled AvaSoft will create a backup file with the same filename but with the extension bak also in ASCII This backup file is updated every scan and can be used in case the filename that has been selected has failed to save the data for instance because of a power failure during the measurements Save ICF Load ICF buttons AvaSoft automatically saves all parameters irradiance parameters save options to the file irrtime62 ini and restores these parameters the next time AvaSoft is started With the Save ICF and Load ICF buttons it s also possible to save these parameter settings to and load from a file with the extension icf With this feature it is possible to save for each experiment a different icf file so it can be loaded a next time the same settings are required After the definition of one or more functions the OK button is clicked to start measuring the CANCEL button to leave the dialog and return to AvaSoft s main window After starting the irradiance measurements by clicking OK the output of the selected parameters
144. ion the AvaSoft FULL manual will be displayed in HTML format At the left side the Help Contents displays all sections to which the user can browse to a specific topic Hide Back Print Options Contents Search Chemometry Application 1 Contents AvaSott Chem was developed to enable on line concentration measurements with a spectrometer system According to Lambert Beer s law there is a linear relationship between absorbance and concentration ol View Menu A e c l i a Application Menu Where A is the absorbance for extinction gis the extinction coefficient of the ee Measurement compound to be measured c is the concentration and lis the optical path length Absolute inadiance In practice this relationship is only linear at reasonably low absorbance levels Photon say less than 2 The wavelength at which the absorbance is measured must of AQ Process Control course be kept constant Excel Output l l l l AS To take concentration measurements you will need a spectrometer with either a cuvette holder or a dip probe and a suitable light source AvaSott Chem can display and save the calculated concentration im two ways The concentration can be displayed on line in a separate display window for up to eight spectrometer channels if available el UT ia A PENET EE ee ee PEE FE G E EEE FETE EAE ETA Instead of browsing through the contents to a specific topic the search TAB can be selected as illustrated in
145. ion about the menu options is found in section 3 Depending on the AvaSoft version Basic or Full and the extra add on modules that were ordered for your spectrometer up to nine applications are available in AvaSoft which are described in sections 4 1 to 4 9 History standard in AvaSoft FULL Wavelength Calibration standard in AvaSoft FULL Color Measurement add on module Irradiance Measurement add on module Process Control add on module Excel Output add on module Chemometry add on module Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy LIBS standard in AvaSoft FULL Store to RAM standard in AvaSoft FULL 10 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 1 Quick Start Measuring and saving a spectrum 1 After starting AvaSoft the green Start button needs to be clicked to start measuring 2 Connect a fiber or probe to the light source and to the spectrometer input port s and set up the experiment for taking a reference spectrum 3 Optimal smoothing is preset and stored on board in the EEPROM 4 Now turn on the light source Usually some sort of spectrum may be seen on the screen but it is possible that too much or too little light reaches the spectrometer at the present data collection settings Too much light means that over a certain wavelength range the signal is saturated shown as a straight line at the maximum counts and the appearance of the label saturated in the status
146. ion will be 52710 61 310 49 720 converted 33 290 38 400 27 630 By clicking the Cancel button the selected 29 380 32900 22 540 product will not be moved to the current reference color in the LABChart settings dialog and changes e g deleting a product from the X Cancel list will be ignored By clicking the OK button the current reference color in the LABChart settings dialog is changed to the color which has been selected To add the current reference color specified in the LABChart settings dialog to the database file the Add button below of the select button can be clicked If the ProductID already exists a dialog will be shown in which the choice can be made to overwrite the old color parameters with the new ones or to keep the old values for this productID As an alternative a reference color can be added to the database during the online measurements This can be done only if in the LABChart settings dialog the option Add new reference colors to DB when measuring is enabled 80 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com Q After all settings are filled in correctly the L arB chart measurements can be started by clicking the OK button or using the Enter key on the keyboard A shortcut to start measuring with LABChart directly omitting the settings dialog is clicking the LABChart button in AvaSoft s main window The figure at the right shows all color parameters and all 3 charts we
147. is option requires that graphic files were saved earlier by using the option File Save Experiment After selecting the option File Convert Graph To ASCII Equi distance the E a erent 200 00 Snore wavelength range for which the v Export to ASCII equidistance sett Sele data should be converted and the distance stop export at Wavelength 1100 00 nanometer between two successive data points can be entered in the dialog as shown at the right Distance between datapoints i 0 nanometer After clicking the OK button you can select the files which need to be converted Selecting these files is the same as for converting to ASCII Cancel without the equi distance feature section 3 1 13 Also the information in the header file is the same as for converting to ASCII without the equi distance feature The data in the TRT TAT TTT and TIT files is presented in two columns The first column gives the equally spaced wavelength in nanometers The second column shows the interpolated value for scopedata in a TRT file absorbance in a TAT file transmittance in a TTT file or irradiance in a TIT file Starting with version 7 4 so called merged files can be converted These contain spectra from multiple channels combined in a single graph Consult section 3 2 9 13 for details Dec 09 31 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 1 15 File Menu Convert Graph to J CAMP JCAMP DX is a stand
148. itions recalculation of the intensity in the overlapping range should not be needed in absorbance transmittance or irradiance mode because the intensities measured by both channels in the overlapping range should be the same However due to small imperfections like second order effects stray light nonlinearity effects and or temperature drift minor discontinuities between the intensity of the two channels in the overlapping range may occur AvaSoft will recalculate the intensity in such a way that a smooth transition between the overlapping channels will take place An example of such a discontinuity in irradiance mode is shown in the figure below WaAvaSoft 7 4 Full 2009 Avantes File Setup View Application Help soo Mus SAT I 0 Be wb E Auto Adjust Integrationtine Enabled Wavelength nm 575 788 O707083U1 08070171 08070171 File FINALOOO6 IRR Amplitude 0 Smoothing 6 Spline OFF _ _ Inttime 36 56 ms Averages 140 60 070708301 File FINALO005 IRA Amplitude 31 966 Smoothing 6 Spline OFF Inttime 70 01 ms Averages 70 60 Dec 09 55 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com aYantes In merge mode the discontinuity in the overlap range is removed as shown in the figure below vRS 7 4 Full 2009 Avantes File Setup View Application Help Stop Auto Adjust Integrationtime Enabled Wavelength nm 360 953 070708301 08070171 08070171 Fil
149. itten Dec 09 117 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes HAMHAM 12x Fd Microsoft Excel Blad1 Bestand Bewerken Beeld Invoegen Opmaak Extra Data Venster Help l x Pra CITATI CEL ETEA Me gt ara 10 B Z u 22l s A Al z Time A B E D E F G H J K L NM N a 4 Time lElapsed msecs F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 2 3 07 03 2002 11 32 34 41553984 0 16 65232 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 07 03 2002 11 32 35 41554535 0 21 97153 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 07 03 2002 11 32 35 41554775 0 15 77341 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 07 03 2002 11 32 35 41555095 0 14 52705 0 0 0 0 0 D 07 03 2002 11 32 35 41555386 0 15 37158 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 07 03 2002 11 32 36 41555696 0 15 29554 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 07 03 2002 11 32 36 41556007 0 18 36336 0 0 0 0 0 D 10 07 03 2002 11 32 36 41556317 O 11 52971 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 07 03 2002 11 32 37 41556618 0 15 38815 0 0 0 0 D 0 12 07 03 2002 11 32 37 41556928 0 14 91846 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 07 03 2002 11 32 37 41557239 O 11 53747 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 07 03 2002 11 32 38 41557539 0 22 45974 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 07 03 2002 11 32 38 41557850 0 158 35447 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 07 03 2002 11 32 38 41558160 0 19 09817 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 07 03 2002 11 32 38 41558460 0 13 05762 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 07 03 2002 11 32 39 41558771 O 12 70234 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 07 03 2002 11 32 39 41559091 O 17 02149 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 07 03 2002 11 32 39 41559382 0 16 68021 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 07 03 2002 11 32 40 41559692 0 16 61596 0 0 0 0 D 0 22 07 03 2002 11 32 40
150. kbox in the LIBS Settings above In Hardware Trigger Mode perform one SingleScan is left blank The frequency of the TTL Out at pin 23 is determined by the Time Between Scans ms parameter A measurement sequence is started by clicking the Start button in the LIBS progress dialog as described in section 4 8 2 Start First Scan on Hardware Trigger every next scan by software A measurement sequence can be setup such that the first scan is started after the spectrometer receives an external hardware trigger at pin 6 Then every next scan in the measurement sequence is started by the software using the Time between Scans ms parameter to determine the frequency of the TTL Out at pin 23 To use this mode enable the hardware trigger mode Setup Options External Trigger Setting is Enabled and the checkbox in the LIBS Settings above In Hardware Trigger Mode perform one SingleScan is left blank A measurement sequence is started by clicking the Start button in the LIBS progress dialog as described in section 4 8 2 followed by an external trigger at pin 6 to start the sequence Start Every Scan on Hardware Trigger optionally use the Laser Delay parameter By selecting the checkbox in the LIBS Settings above In Hardware Trigger Mode perform one SingleScan the spectrometer will be setup in external trigger mode and requires one external trigger input at pin 6 for each scan so totally NrOfMeasurement N
151. lay data real time or to take a snapshot its ee Cursor button After clicking the cursor button a vertical line is displayed in the graph If the mouse cursor is placed nearby this line the shape of the mouse cursor changes from an arrow to a drag shape If this shape is displayed the left mouse button can be used to drag keep left mouse button down the line with the mouse towards a new position Moving this line shows the corresponding values of wavelength and amplitude in the main screen BEEST x As an alternative for dragging the line the small step and big step E A Coe arrow buttons may be used or the left and right arrow keys on the amp amp keyboard The step size for the arrow buttons can be changed by holding down the CTRL key while clicking at a single or double arrow __ Cancel button E Save reference and dark buttons The reference button is the white button at the left top of the screen It needs to be clicked to save the reference data The same result can be achieved with the option File Save Reference The dark button is the black button at the left top of the screen It needs to be clicked to save the dark data The same result can be achieved with the option File Save Dark 12 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes By clicking the Save Experiment button an experiment is saved The same result can be achieved with the option File Save Experiment Fi Save ex
152. lay the output of a self defined function against time a function needs to be defined first You can either enter a user defined input function in the dialog box or assign a script to the history channel Input Functions A comprehensive example of an input function is given in the dialog but it illustrates only a few of the functions AvaSoft can handle A list of allowed operators and functions is given below Operators ee bg ee Functions log x natural log log10 x log base 10 exp x e to the power of x sqrt x square root Additionally the wavelength signal for master and slave channel s can be entered by m wavelength innm master s1 wavelength in nm slave1 s2 wavelength in nm slave2 etc 66 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes For example the function that needs to be entered to follow the intensity of the HG peak against time at the second slave channel is s2 253 65 Scripts A scripting feature has been added to allow you to use more complicated calculations with many more mathematical and logical functions Scripts will also allow you to combine the results of several history channels AvaSoft uses the Microsoft VBScript language that comes with your copy of Windows We have included a help file for VBScript for your reference You can reach it from the main menu by selecting Help VBScript It lists among other things all available operators and functions When you
153. lectance name will shown at the Y Axis e The Caption at the Reflectance Transmittance button will change from T to R and the corresponding menu option under View will change from Transmittance mode to Reflectance mode 3 2 9 12 Setup Menu Options Battery Voltage Monitoring This option enables you to monitor the voltage level of a battery pack that is used with the AvaSpec Two voltage threshold levels for up to eight spectrometers are saved on disk The program will issue a warning level when the first threshold level is passed When the second threshold level is passed the program will stop scanning besides issuing a warning Introduction The 12 24V battery packs for use with AvaSpecs and AvaLights need to be recharged if the battery voltage becomes too low The battery voltage monitoring option will help in reminding you when it is time to recharge the battery pack Dec 09 49 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The option uses one of the analog inputs of the AvaSpec to monitor the battery voltage Two alarm levels are maintained per spectrometer an Alarm trigger level and a Shutdown trigger level You can select between the spectrometer that are attached in the drop down box at the upper left of the form The default trigger levels are 94 17 and 90 00 of full charge You can edit these levels if necessary and the levels can be saved to disk in a ini file Press the Save Settings button to save the l
154. led into the fiber this will not influence the spectral distribution only its height Try to set up the fiber such that the maximum count over the wavelength range is around 90 of the full ADC scale which is 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC 8 Save the Reference data This is done by File Save Reference from the menu or by clicking the white square on the left top of the screen with the mouse 9 Note that the whole operation of saving a reference file does not need to be carried out each time a new experiment is started The reference data are saved in a file called ref dat and can be loaded next time by choosing the option File Load Reference After saving or loading reference and dark the irradiance mode can be chosen by clicking the I button or by the menu option View Irradiance mode First a message box appears in which the value of the color temperature in Kelvin 62 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes of the light source that has been used as a reference can be entered If light from the reference light source is viewed the Planck curve for the color temperature of the reference light source is displayed The maximum of the reference Planck curve has been set to 100 3 3 5 View Menu Change Graph Scale After selecting this option a dialog is shown in which the range for both X and Y axis can be changed To switch to the Min Max full scale the View Graphic Reset option
155. led to speed up data processing by not displaying the graphics during the measurements If an application requires fast data processing this option should be enabled If saved to an output file the data can be displayed graphically after the time series experiment has been ended as described in section 4 1 3 History Display Saved History Graph Function Independent Parameters Save Function Output The results of a time series color experiment will be saved to an ASCIl file if the radio button Save Function Output has been selected A number of seconds between saving can be entered for data Dec 09 83 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com aYantes reduction in case measurements are carried out over long periods Entering a value of zero results in Saving every scan The name of the file to which the data will be saved can be changed after clicking the Change Output File button Last option in the Save Function Output box is to enable or disable the possibility to create a backup file during the measurements If this option is enabled AvaSoft will create a backup file with the same filename but with the extension bak also in ASCII This backup file is updated every scan and can be used in case the filename that has been selected has failed to save the data for instance because of a power failure during the measurements Save Setting Load Settings buttons AvaSoft automatically saves all parameters color paramet
156. line is located in the 3D graph by selecting the 3D checkbox in either 2D graph The data that is changed when scrolling the 2D graphs with their respective scrollbars is also shown in the boxes to the right of each 2D graph 5 Save the graphs by pressing the Save Graphs button in the upper right corner Main Window The upper right of the window is used to select the Input File Sort Order to adjust the view of the 3D graph and to manually make a selection from the scans Input File Sort Orde f Alphabetically File Date Time Adjust Vie T Invert Depth Axis Invert es Axis Tranepose Axes M Auboscale r Axis Save Graphs to Disk The Input File Sort Order selects the way the input Save Graphs files selected from the input dialog are sorted You can select between alphabetical sort order and file date time sort order Windows only offers a resolution of 2 seconds in the file date time stamp Especially when you save files with the Store To Ram application many files will have an identical date time stamp Be sure to select alphabetical order in that case Select Measurement Range Lower 0 Upper a Select Wavelength Range Lower 535 2 nm Upper 583 2 nm Select Counts A ange Lower 1371 The Adjust View checkboxes allow viewing the 3D graph from all sides The Autoscale Y axis button is Upper 15688 checked by default Unselecting it will only yield a satisfact
157. lly against time The amount of time that will be displayed at the X axis can be set manually under the X axis setting The Y Axis can be set to a fixed range or to Autoscale The Autoscale option will set the Y axis range to the minimum and maximum function values that are in the list of measured datapoints Function Independent Parameters l Display No Graphics To Speed Up Data Processing Save Function Qutpu Do not save Function Output save evely a seconds Change Output File f Save Function Output To File D ASWB5FULL peaktrackdataslrrT ime dat i Create Backup File x Cancel Save ICF Load ICF Function Independent Parameters Display no graphics to speed up data processing Below the TAB sheets for function definition an option can be enabled or disabled to speed up data processing by not displaying the graphics during the measurements If an application requires fast data processing this option should be enabled If saved to an output file the data can be displayed graphically after the time series experiment has been ended as described in section 4 1 3 History Display Saved History Graph Function Independent Parameters Save Function Output The results of a time series color experiment will be saved to an ASCIl file if the radio button Save Function Output has been selected A number of seconds between saving can be entered for data reduction in case measurements are carried out over long per
158. may be used In AvaSoft different levels of saturation detection can be set as shown in the figure at the right Saturation detection levels The default level of saturation detection is Detect pE j _jolx Saturated Pixels at saturation level Only for AvaSpec 2048 spectrometers the third autocorrect Eo pate inverted pixels level is available The reason for Z a a A this is that if the detector type in the AvaSpec 2048 l l Sony ILX554 is heavily saturated at a light Detect all Saturated Pixels and autocorrect inverted pixel values intensity of approximately 5 times the intensity at which saturation starts it will return values lt Saturation level The other detector types in the AvaSpec 102 256 1024 and 3648 do not show this ck Cancel effect so no correction is needed Normally you ae don t need to use this third level for the AvaSpec 2048 but when measuring a peaky spectrum with Fone or more pels of a spectrometer channel are saturated the text label saturated appears in the 4vaSoft main window statusbar for that channel 40 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes some heavily saturated peaks the autocorrect can be used To illustrate this a strong peak from the AvaLight CAL calibration line source was heavily saturated at 435 84 nm This caused the most heavily saturated pixels to return inverted lt 16383 counts pixel values figure below at the left In the right figure the sat
159. mber of photons in mols or as in our application in mols The number of photons per nanometer can be calculated from the wavelength dependent photon energy and the absolute light energy that is measured A detailed description how this is done can be found at the next page The photon count distribution UMol s m nm shows the photon flux received per square meter Other photon count units that can be calculated from this are uMol s nm photon flux received at diffuser surface uMol m nm photons received per square meter during one integration cycle uMol nm photons received at diffuser surface during one integration cycle Dec 09 91 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes How to convert a power distribution yWatt cm nm into a photon count distribution uMol s m nm Photon energy E A h c A e Where h Planck s constant 6 626 068 76 x10 c velocity of light 2 998 x10 m s wavelength in meters For example the photon energy at 250 nm and at 1000 nm is E 250 6 626 x 10 2 998 x 10 250 10 7 946 x10 Joule photon 1 E 1000 6 626 x 10 2 998 x 10 1000 10 1 986 x10 Joule photon 2 1eV 1 60207 x 10 Joule so the photon energy expressed in eV photon becomes E 250 7 946 x10 1 60207 x 10 4 9592 eV photon 3 E 1000 1 986 x10 1 60207 x 10 1 2398 eV photon 4 Suppose we measure 20 uWatt cm at a certain wavelength 20
160. ment 2999225 60 ins Timestamp ftes _O0026 roh Filename 25 u 2008 13 13 12 File Date Time 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 4 Measurement 141 540 550 s60 570 s0 Wavelength mm The Measurement axis of the right 2D graph has a maximum number of points If this is exceeded only one out of a calculated number of points will be shown This ratio is added to the title of the axis e g Measurement 1 10 means that only one out of 10 points is shown In this case zooming the right 2D graph will reveal more detail Zooming the 2D graphs with the mouse can also be used to select a wavelength and measurement range The selection will also be shown in the 3D graph Zooming and Unzooming is done in the regular AvaSoft way You can also pan the graph by dragging the mouse while holding the right mouse key down This has no effect on the 3D graph The 3D graph cannot be manipulated directly It is redrawn after the 2D graphs are zoomed or after the ranges are manually changed and the Zoom button is pressed The view of the graph can be changed in a basic number of ways to allow a view of all sides A highlighted line can be shown in the 3D graph for both 2D lines v EL Display of Saved Graphs File 30 Graph ee ee ee m 13000 cc s saa ahaa ra ee 14000 3 a 12000 gt 5 S a e p gt ee a ir z E H ERHI Ha inin ee et ONORS 10000 Cou 000 gt e000 40007 3 3
161. ments require an irradiance spectrum to calculate the color parameters x y and z With AvaSoft s Irradiance application it is possible to perform irradiance measurements with a lot higher accuracy than when using the relative irradiance mode which assumes a perfect blackbody light source with known color temperature For this reason the emissive color or color of light calculation is one of the features in the Irradiance Application 4 3 1 Color of an Object Background The color of an object can be expressed by the CIE 1976 L a b color space L describes the lightness of the color A positive value of a describes the redness of the color a negative a the greenness Similarly yellowness or blueness is expressed by coordinate b which is positive for yellow and negative for blue The L a b values are derived from the CIE tristimulus values X Y and Z of the sample object and the standard illuminant tristimulus values X Y and Z The standard illuminant tristimulus values for X Y and Z are constant and depend only on the type of standard illuminant that has been chosen The CIE tristimulus values X Y and Z of the color of an object are obtained by multiplying the relative power P of a standard illuminant the reflectance R or the transmittance of the object and the CIE Standard observer functions x y and Z 2 degrees or 10 degrees angle The integral of these products over all the wavelengths in the visible spect
162. mn in the table for point 2 Repeat these steps for the other Samples of known concentration For a linear calibration line at least two samples are needed but the more points added the more reliable the calibration line will be After the samples have been measured click the Calculate New Eases 10 x Calibration Line button As a amine result a red line will be fit through ll a the measured data and you will be o Width 10 nm asked to save the calibration or Cone Unit fomo not The figure at the right shows that Actual Points Actual Line a Nev Points New Line 0 4 Absorbance 0 6 the calibration line fits very well Qo th rough the measured points SO We Calculated New Calibration Line Coefficients are P Calibration Line Coefficients click yes to confirm that we want Intercept 7 98116 001 aaa to save the calibration Coefficient 2 0 0000E 000 at tac 30 co If during the measurements an St ee 70 stoe o f Do you want to save the new calibration line incorrect calibration point was 0 962 95 measured for example because of m ct mixing up the samples or measuring the concentration at the wrong row this will become clear from the graph You can then select either directly the No button or select the Yes button and modify the calibration line later on alculate New Lalbration Line Dec 09 125 A
163. mples there is an overlapping wavelength range between consecutive channels for which the results should be the same especially when measurements are taken in absorbance transmittance reflectance or irradiance mode In the application software it would be convenient if the spectral data in the overlapping range could be handled as a single spectrum It is possible to define a group of spectrometer channels that are combined into a single spectrum in abs trm irr mode The combined spectrum will replace the individual spectra It is now also possible to save this combined spectrum and display it in AvaSoft Export to ASCII Excel and J Camp is also supported 3 2 9 13 2 Merge settings and requirements In the 4 channel example above it is easy to identify the overlapping ranges 303 310nm 401 410nm and 485 490nm But if e g a 5th channel would be added with the range 200 700nm the data for this channel should clearly not be merged with the high resolution channels Also if a 4 channel spectrometer system holds 2xUV VIS 200 1100nm and 2xNIR 1000 2200nm channel we need to define which spectrometer channels should be merged into one spectrum In this example two merged UV VIS NIR spectra are required In AvaSoft we have created the option to define for each channel whether it should be treated as an individual channel or be placed in one of the max 2 merge groups For the examples mentioned above the spectrometer channels can
164. n als type Function Definition Files Annuleren Bestandsnaam Jexperiment 1 hct Bestandstyper Function Definition Files Annuleren 70 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes After the definition of one or more functions the OK button is clicked to confirm the CANCEL button to leave the dialog without changes If the OK button is clicked AvaSoft performs a number of checks on the data that has been entered If no warnings show up the parameters that have been entered are accepted and the measurement can be started by the History Start Measuring menu option 4 1 2 History Application Start Measuring This option displays the output against time for the history functions that have been defined in the History Channel Function Entry dialog box If the option Display no graphics to speed up data processing has been marked in the function entry dialog the function output will be shown by numbers only which are updated each time a new scan is saved to the output file There are six buttons at the top of this window an Exit button a Pause Start button a Save Reference button a Save Dark button an Info button and a Print button If the red Exit button is clicked the time measurements are ended and the main window and menu is activated again The yellow Pause button can be used to stop the time measurements temporarily After clicking the Pause button data acquisition stops and the text on the button
165. n entered as fast as possible To do so the time delay between scans is automatically changed to 0 milliseconds at the moment the checkbox is clicked With this option selected the spectra will be saved 5 to 10 times faster compared to if this option is not selected This speed increase has been achieved by mainly two reasons 1 During the saving of the number of scans that has been entered the screen update which is very time consuming is not activated Instead the main window is temporarily minimized and the number of scans to save is counted down in a new dialog 2 No comment files will be generated Other factors that have a positive effect on the speed of the data acquisition and which can be set in AvaSoft are e Smoothing parameters e Integration time e Averaging e Number of pixels to transfer section 3 2 2 Furthermore it is recommended to keep the number of files in your experiment directory small a few hundred maximum because a large number of files in the same experiment directory have a negative effect on the system speed If the automatic saving needs to be aborted before all spectra have been saved the Autosave Spectra Periodically menu option can be selected again and the value 0 can be entered for the number of spectra to be saved Note that with the Store to RAM application section 4 9 the fastest data acquisition can be achieved AvaSoft Store To Ram allows you to measure a fixed amount of scans
166. n of the limits settings above 112 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 5 Applications Process Control Application v AvaSoft 7 3 Full 2008 Avantes File Setup View Application Help Start W History aie i Wavelength Calibration Integration time ma Color Measurement avelength nm a44 521 Process Control Enable Joc ib 8 Absolute Irradiance Measurement Digital Qutpuk Settings Excel Qukput Dygen a j Chemometry j Analog Output Settings Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Store To Ram Avasoft Process Control allows you to operate digital outputs corresponding with preset levels of your history channels You can use all eight history channels as well as the output functions of the Time Series from both the Color and the Irradiance applications The output of two History Channel Functions can be converted to analog output signals 0 5V 4 5 1 Digital Output signals AvaSoft supports 8 built in digital outputs on the AvaSpec one per history channel The output pins on the High Density 26 pole Sub D connector which are used for the process control application are listed in the table below HD DB26 pins used by AvaSoft Process Control HCF connector N wI Nn N wio 4 21 ol NI olu N N JAIN ww G J o 4 5 2 Analog Output signals Pin 17 and 26 of the HD DB26 connector can be used to convert maximal two History Channel
167. n temperature in the optical bench which causes micro bending of the components that focus the light at the detector but also a drift in the light source that is used to illuminate the reference sample To correct for the drift in the system it needs to be measured first If a 2 or multiple channel spectrometer is available the measured deviation from 100 at a reference channel can be used to compensate the measured data at the sample channel The sample and reference data can be measured simultaneously and the measured data at the reference sample can be used directly to correct the sample data Disadvantage of the correct for drift by spectrometer channel is that the data for reference and Sample are measured by using two optical benches which may react differently on temperature changes If the drift is mainly caused by the light source such as a difference in flash intensity of the AvaLight XE this method of correction is recommended A disadvantage of this method is that it will not correct for drift caused by temperature changes of the optical bench Correct for Drift by Spectrometer Channel This option is only available if the spectrometer system has one or more slave z z onect for Drift channels One spectrometer channel will be used as a reference channel which will continuously measure the reference spectrum e g the white tile in Pererence le hannck reflectance measurements or the cuvette holding the reference solution in
168. nergy emitted uJoule Total optical energy emitted from a source calculated by multiplication of the power with the integration time outside sphere or Radiant Flux uWatt Total optical power emitted from a source CC Power emitted calculated by multiplication of radiant intensity with the solid angle of the light source outside sphere or Energy emitted uJoule Total optical energy emitted from a source CC calculated by multiplication of the power with the integration time outside sphere or Radiant Intensity uWatt sr Optical power per unit solid angle calculated by CC multiplication of irradiance with the square distance between point source and diffuser surface outside sphere or Radiant Energy uJoule sr Total optical energy emitted from a source CC calculated by multiplication of the radiant intensity with the integration time outside sphere or Power received uWatt Power received at diffuser surface CC outside sphere or Energy received uJoule Energy received at diffuser surface calculated CC by multiplication of the power with the integration time outside sphere or Irradiance uWatt cm Power received per square centimeter CC outside sphere or Energy cm uJoule cm Energy received per square centimeter CC calculated by multiplication of irradiance with the integration time outside sphere or Photon Flux m uMol s m Photons received per second and per square CC meter see for calculation pr
169. ng data the start stop button shows a red stop and the integration time box is gray indicating that it cannot be changed After clicking the stop button the data acquisition stops and the integration time can be changed The result of the changed integration time can be viewed after clicking the green start button Try to adjust the integration time such that the maximum count over the wavelength range is around 90 of the full ADC scale 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC When at minimum integration the signal is still too high fibers with a smaller diameter can be used When not enough light reaches the spectrometer likewise a longer integration time should be entered 5 When a good spectrum is displayed turn off the light source 6 Now save the Dark data This is done by File Save Dark from the menu or by clicking the black square on the left top of the screen with the mouse 7 Turn on the reference light source of known color temperature 2850K for AvaLight HAL with default jumper setting and set up the fiber end that is not connected to the spectrometer so that a good spectrum is displayed on the screen Note that the integration time or fiber type may not be changed while measuring the reference data If there is too much light adjust the focusing of the light source so less light is coupled into the fiber As long as only light from the reference light source and no ambient light is coup
170. nt Note that the dialog allows you to select different folders or drives to save the experiments to as well as creating a new folder name for the new experiment For USB2 platform the default directory is data After closing the dialog box by clicking the save button the new experiment name followed by its sequence number is displayed in the lower left of the status bar By clicking the cancel button the old experiment name will be restored Dec 09 19 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes With this option dark data can be loaded that have been saved before If AvaSoft is in static mode the dark data that will be loaded are shown on the screen first 3 1 2 File Menu Load Dark 3 1 3 File Menu Load Reference With this option reference data can be loaded that have been saved before If AvaSoft is in static mode the reference data that will be loaded are shown on the screen first 3 1 4 File Menu Load Experiment With this option an Load Experiment Name E eS zjx experiment can be loaded E that has been used before This way more spectra can be saved to an existing experiment An experiment name has the file extension i kon After choosing this Deskt option a dialog box shows all experiments that were saved earlier in the current experiment directory If the experiment name that needs My Computer to be loaded is in this E directory select it and click My Network P
171. nt S divided by that from the midpoint E to the spectrum locus DW Purity E S E DW The method described above is used for all colors with a Dominant Wavelength from 380 to 699 nanometer If the x y coordinates are in the triangle area encompassed by the 3 points E A and B then the Dominant Wavelength can not be calculated because the interception point through E and S with the spectrum locus between A and B does not correspond with a wavelength In that case the Complementary Dominant Wavelength CDW is used The line from E through S is extended backward in order to determine the Complementary Dominant Wavelength CDW CIE 1931 2 degrees standard observer Chromaticity Diagram Oe4 o7H ee Nts ee ene eee ae eee S SE T EE EA en 05 0 3 0 2 Oa 0 Oo oe 0 3 0 4 05 0 6 0 7 Dec 09 89 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Power emitted uWatt Peak Measurements A typical spectral power distribution of a green LED is shown in the figure at the right A number of peak parameters can be calculated from this spectrum 550 B00 B50 700 Wavelength nin FWHM and Center Wavelength The Full Width Half Maximum of a peak is the bandwidth in nanometers for which the intensity is higher than half of the Evaluate highest peak maximum intensity of that peak The Center Wavelength is from 500 00 to 700 00 nm the wavelength halfway between the left and right
172. nt data have been saved the resulting ASCII file can be displayed graphically by selecting this file in the dialog that is shown after clicking the menu option Application History Display Saved History Graph After clicking the Open button in this dialog the function output is displayed against time Both X and Y axis are set to their full scale which is determined by the minimum and maximum values in the list i i G a a ai a iiia Dec 09 109 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes In each graph the same zoom features apply as in the main window except for scaling the Y axis with the mouse wheel However zooming in over the X axis while the measurement is running and the X axis is already scrolling will not be possible because in that case the X axis is updated with each new scan Clicking the pause button to take a snapshot will solve this problem Zoom in select a region to be expanded to the full graph To select this region click the left mouse button in the white graphics region and drag it downwards and to the right After releasing the left mouse button both the X and Y axis will be rescaled to the new values of the selected region Zoom out drag with the left mouse button within the white graphics region but in stead of dragging the mouse downwards and to the right drag it into another direction After releasing the mouse button both the X and Y axis will be reset to their default values Move X Y
173. ntration measurements you will need a spectrometer with either a cuvette holder or a dip probe and a suitable light source If you use cuvettes remember that glass cuvettes will absorb UV light If your wavelength is in the UV range use quartz or polystyrene ones instead AvaSoft Chem can display and save the calculated concentration in two ways The concentration can be displayed and saved on line in a separate display window for up to eight spectrometer channels if available You can select up to eight history channels that can display and save concentration values against time This application can be combined with the Excel and Process Control applications 4 7 1 Quick Start How to make concentration measurements with AvaSoft Chem 1 Start the AvaSoft software and click the Start button in the main window Set up the absorbance experiment with a cuvette holder or a dip probe measuring the sample with the lowest concentration usually your reference Switch on the light source 3 Adjust the integration time to get a good reference signal with a maximum around 14500 counts The easiest way to do this is by using the AutoConfigure Integration time option 4 Adjust the number of averages The higher the better however the time for a single absorbance reading must remain practical If you want to change it first press the Stop button and press the Start button again after changing the Average value in the Edit bar Switc
174. og that shows up Multiple non merged and merged files can be selected and will be displayed after clicking the Open button A small difference between the displayed non merged and merged graphic files is that in the non merged files the graph title already displays the main measurement parameters settings such as integration time it averaging av and smoothing s Since merged spectra can hold different settings for up to 8 channels there is too much information to be displayed in the graph title Therefore detailed information about these settings can be viewed in a separate information dialog which will be displayed after selecting Show Info from the popup menu that shows up when right clicking the spectral line of interest Perrere erect ys fn rnin P File Coa oft USB 2 data merge Ew O005 ROH a Beep he A E JI Comments Merge2 test comments mergez group Number of Channels in file 2 Information x oe eee ee ee Channel into a ee ee C1 Serialnr 080255501 wavelength range 329 44 to 570 58 nm re iain DeActyate FINALOOTE AOHS l C1 Inttime 1000 00 ms MrOf vg 2 Smoothing 0 Line Properties sensenseemean e Edit Comnen f C2 Seralnr O61 00641 Wavelength range 279 30 to 336 08 nm EA i Showinfo 0 ee Inkttime 1000 00 mz H pawg 2 Smoothing j 58 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 2 9 13 5 Converting merged spectra to ASCII ASCll equidistance Excel and Jcamp
175. om info avantes com antes Openen E To start a new database file for saving reference Zoskenin SB i O a a e colors enter a filename that does not already exists AvaSoft will add the pct extension and click Open To open an existing file simply double click on the filename or select it and click the Open button The file example pct can be found in AvaSoft s main directory and contains a few measured reference colors 7 Bestandsnaann Jexample pet Bestandstypen Reference Color T able Annuleren To select a reference color from the database file click the select button below of the DB button The contents of the database file will be displayed as shown in the figure below Product Color Table Filename To select one of the products from the list click Dstest datasexample pct on one of the numbers 1 11 in the first gray column To delete a product from the list select it and _ ProductiD L REF aREF bREF click the delete key on the keyboard a eee eter over To search for a certain productID or number click eee the Fin d button 43 240 37 50 46 060 4 290 44 430 5 9390 To sort the records by ProductID L REF a REF or a T v Reference Product Color Table fel b REF click on the corresponding column header N F210 A yellow marked 1 will be shown in the column 71740 26650 63440 header By clicking again at the header which is 50110 59160 48770 already marked the sorting direct
176. on Wa AvaSofte 7 3 Full 2008 Avantes File Setup View Application Help History start E Wavelength Calibration Integration time m Color Measurement Process Control Excel Qutput Oxygen Chemormetry Store To Ram 116 Avantes Absolute Irradiance Measurement Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Enable Settings www avantes com Save HCF Load HCF Dec 09 info avantes com antes AvaSoft will write the data to three differently formatted sheets depending on user input in History Channel Function Entry and the Settings dialog You can enter the Settings dialog by selecting Application Excel Output Settings 4 6 3 Settings a Excel Automation Ee E m x Select Mod Export a fised number of scans to Excel Export Mod Scans bo log I ggg Interval sec fo Continuous Mod Workbook Select File OF Cancel First select the mode you want Export mode You can select Export Mode by selecting the top radio button In this mode a predefined number of scans will be logged to new worksheets that Excel will open Depending on your choice of history channel one of two formats of sheet or both will be opened by Excel If you select regular history channels without selecting View Spectrum the sheet will be formatted horizontally with the program adding a new row for each measurement wr
177. one page RTF file You can open this file with Microsoft Word edit it extract the graphs change the size of the graphs etc 134 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com 4 9 2 CO N O amp 4 9 3 0 antes Select wavelength range and integration time in AvaSoft Averaging is not possible with Store To Ram measurements this setting has no effect Adjust your light source and take some readings to check whether the signal level is satisfactory Stop the regular AvaSoft readings The Start Stop button should read Start Start the Store To Ram application by selecting it in the menu with Application Store To Ram Select the channel if you have more than one and enter the number of scans to read This value is set to 100 by default The integration time setting in the Store To Ram form is automatically copied from the main AvaSoft form You can change this value here but it will only be used in the Store To Ram application Press the Start button After the measurement has been made the readings are transmitted to the PC and the graphs will be drawn Depending on the duration of an integration cycle and the number of readings this can take anywhere between a second and many minutes The Stop button can be pressed whenever you want to stop a pending measurement with a long integration time Make a selection from the readings by zooming the 2D graphs with your mouse Only the time range
178. or absorbance measurements can be taken File Save Dark If the correct for dynamic dark option has been changed it will be necessary to save a new dark and reference spectrum because the raw data has been changed 3 2 6 Setup Menu Subtract Saved Dark This option is used to subtract the dark spectrum that has been saved File Save Dark from the raw scope data After starting AvaSoft this menu option is always unselected because a dark spectrum needs to be saved or loaded before it can be subtracted If this menu option is preceded by a checkmark the scope data is corrected with the saved dark 3 2 7 Setup Menu Strobe Enable This option can be used to enable or disable an external strobe e g the AvaLight XE attached to an AvaSpec spectrometer The measured light intensity of the AvaLight XE is independent of the integration time in AvaSoft To increase light intensity the number of pulses per integration interval should be increased The maximum frequency at which the AvaLight XE operates is 100 Hz This means that the minimum integration time for 1 pulse per scan is 10 ms When setting the number of pulses e g to 3 the minimum integration time becomes 30 ms It is recommended to keep the integration time as low as possible to avoid unnecessary increase of noise Strobe AvaLight XE Control WaSet NrOfFlashes eles The AvaLight XE needs to be attached to Avaspec USB2 by aS NiOiFlashes connecting an IC DB26 2 interface cabl
179. or integrating sphere that was used during the intensity calibration that will be loaded to the Spectrometer input port 3 Start the Absolute Irradiance Application software by clicking the menu option Application Absolute Irradiance If an intensity calibration has been stored in EEProm before this will be autoloaded at AvaSoft program initialization Click the Load Intensity Calibration button A dialog shows up in which the intensity calibration file can be selected Select the file and click the open button 4 Switch to the Irradiance Chart TAB to enter the hardware setup and select the colorimetric radiometric photometric and or peak parameters of interest see section 4 4 5 1 Then click OK 5 Measure the output parameters in the experiment If needed change the integration time such that the maximum in Scope Mode is around around 90 of the full ADC scale 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC Block the light path to the spectrometer and save a dark spectrum If the ir radiance of the light to be measured needs to be displayed against time click the time measurement TAB in the settings dialog as described in section 4 4 6 4 4 3 Load Intensity Calibration By selecting the menu option Application Select Intensity Calibration File Absolute Irradiance Measurement a window _ Te 2oekenin oa data ff is shown in which the intensity calibration that was saved before can be lo
180. ory image if the Y range is positioned at an Foam oR edge of the graph otherwise there will be other readings filling the entire screen behind the selected lines Manually change the scan selections by changing the values in the Select Range fields and pressing the Zoom button Unzoom will undo any change made Note that manually changing the Select Count Range will only have an effect if the Autoscale Y Axis box is unchecked The 2D graphs each have a scrollbar that changes the respective third dimension The position of the scrollbar is reflected in the boxes to the right of each 2D graph Change the scrollbar in the standard Windows ways Clicking the arrows will cause a change of a single unit clicking between the arrows and the thumb will change 10 units dragging the thumb will select a new position in the readings relative to the position of the thumb You can also use the keyboard to change the scrollbar the Up and Down keys will give a single unit change the PageUp and PageDown keys will give a change of 10 units the Home and End keys will move to the first and last reading Checking the 3D boxes in the upper right corner of each graph will show the graph as a highlighted line in the 3D graph 28 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 20 Counts vs Measurement 20 Counts vs Wavelength a 2 B23 Pixel 546 6 am Wavelength Measure
181. overlap range between 1000 and 1100nm the data for both channels in this range will be merged such that the intensity gradually changes from channel 1 to channel 2 using the data from both channels in the overlap range as input 56 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The figure below illustrates how merging handles a huge discontinuity between two overlapping channels Since this screenshot was taken in scopemode such a discontinuity is normal see section 3 2 9 13 2 The only purpose for merging these spectra in scopemode is to illustrate how the two channels blue and red are merged into a single spectrum purple V RRWG 7 4 Full 2009 Avantes File Setup View Application Help Stop Integration time ms 900 00 Average f I to All E Wavelength nm feso 882 18 x 01 amp 0 new0001 rohz Mergel test 07070831 08070171 NEW0001 ROHX 080701701 File NEW0002 ROHx Amplitude 0 Smoothing 6 Spline OFF _ S Inttime 40 00 ms Averages 60 219 0707083U1 File NEWO002 ROHX Amplitude 43349 Smoothing 6 Spline OFF Inttime 70 00 ms Averages 30 219 3 2 9 13 3 2 Saving the spectra of all spectrometer channels in the same merge group into one file In merge mode the spectra of all spectrometer channels in the same merge group are saved in the same file Files that are saved in merge mode can be recognized by the addition of an X to the file extension
182. periment button Print button By clicking the Print button a graph that is displayed on the monitor will be printed The same result can be achieved with the option File Print 5 Scope button By clicking the S button the data will be presented in Scope Mode The same result can be achieved with the option View Scope Mode A Absorbance button By clicking the A button the data will be presented in Absorbance Mode The same result can be achieved with the option View Absorbance Mode T Transmission button By clicking the T button the data will be presented in Transmittance Mode The same result can be achieved with the option View Transmittance Mode I Irradiance button By clicking the button the data will be presented in Irradiance Mode The same result can be achieved with the option View Irradiance Mode Dec 09 13 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes il Autoscale Y axis button By clicking this button the graph will be rescaled on line A maximum signal will be shown at about 75 of the vertical scale The same result can be achieved with the option View Autoscale Y axis EH Change Graph Scale button By clicking this button a dialog will be shown in which the range can be changed for both X and Y axis This range can be saved as well and restored any time by clicking the Goto Preset Scale button see below The menu option with the same functionality is View Change Graph Scale bat Goto Preset S
183. ph will show the graph as a highlighted line in the 3D graph The Time axis of the right 2D graph has a maximum number of points If this is exceeded only one out of a calculated number of points will be shown This ratio is added to the title of the axis e g Time ms 136 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 1 10 means that only one out of 10 points is shown In this case zooming the right 2D graph will reveal more detail Zooming the 2D graphs with the mouse can also be used to select a wavelength and time range The selection will also be shown in the 3D graph Zooming and Unzooming is done in the regular AvaSoft way You can also pan the graph by dragging the mouse while holding the right mouse key down This has no effect on the 3D graph The 3D graph cannot be manipulated directly It is redrawn after the 2D graphs are zoomed or after the ranges are manually changed and the Zoom button is pressed The view of the graph can be changed in a basic number of ways to allow a view of all sides A highlighted line can be shown in the 3D graph for both 2D lines Counts 1200 1400 1000 I I I I I I I I l I I I 1 I 1 1 I J q00 eee Z 490 700 E z p Tenan ee A Time ms 1 460 B00 500 3 420 440 460 480 s00 520 540 Wavelength mm 143 Dec 09 Avantes 137 www avantes com info avantes com antes After clicking the Help Contents menu opt
184. put File button Last option in the Save Function Output box is to enable or disable the possibility to create a backup file during the measurements If this option is enabled AvaSoft will create a backup file with the same filename but with the extension bak also in ASCII This backup file is updated every scan and can be used in case the filename that has been selected has failed to save the data for instance because of a power failure during the measurements Save HCF Load HCF buttons AvaSoft automatically saves all parameters function definition save options to the file hcf ini and restores these parameters the next time AvaSoft is started With the Save HCF and Load HCF buttons it s also possible to save these parameter settings to and load from a file with the extension hcf With this feature it is possible to save for each experiment a different HCF file so it can be loaded a next time the same settings are required The left figure below shows the dialog in which the name of the hcf file can be entered after clicking the save HCF button The right figure below which is displayed after clicking the Load HCF button illustrates how to select an earlier saved HCF file Enter History Channel Function Definition Filename Opslaan als a speed E experiment 1 hct experiment 1 hct Ej experiment 2 hct Ej experiment 3 hct am New hct Bestandsnaam experiment 4 Opslaa
185. r right corner of the area to select You unzoom the graph by clicking anywhere on the graph hold down the left mouse button then drag a rectangle towards the top and left and release the mouse button at any position You can pan the 2D graphs by holding down the right mouse button It is also possible to manually select the ranges by entering values in the Select Measurement Range Select Wavelength Range and Select Counts Range boxes and pressing the Zoom button Note that changing the Select Counts Range will only have an effect if the Autoscale Y axis option is unchecked The Unzoom button will undo all your changes You can save the graphs to disk by pressing the Save Graphs button You can first enter a comment line which will be included on the page Next you can enter the filename that will be used to save the graphs The three graphs will be saved in JPEG format embedded in a single one page RTF file You can open this file with Microsoft Word edit it extract the graphs change the size of the graphs etc Dec 09 27 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Quick Start 1 Select the input file sort order in the upper right corner 2 Select File Load into 3D Graph in the menu 3 Select the files to show in the standard Windows dialog 4 Inspect the data by zooming the 2D graphs with your mouse Scroll the 2D graphs with their scrollbars see where the
186. rOfAverage trigger signals to complete the sequence The Time Between scans ms parameter becomes irrelevant when using this setting because the frequency will be determined by the frequency of the trigger pulses received at pin 6 An additional parameter called LaserDelay us can be specified when using this mode The LaserDelay parameter is the time in microseconds between receiving the external trigger at pin 6 and sending out the Laser pulse at pin 23 to fire the laser A measurement sequence is started by clicking the Start button in the LIBS progress dialog as described in section 4 8 2 followed by external trigger pulses at pin 6 for each scan in the measurement sequence Dec 09 131 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 4 8 2 Enabling and running the application The LIBS application is started by clicking the menu option To Application LIBS Settings The LIBS Progress window at the right will be displayed DH ay E The buttons in the dialog have the same functionality as in oa oT B E EErCormed the main window Access to the main window is not possible during the LIBS measurements Nr of Averages per Measurement 16 Performed 0 After clicking the Start button in this dialog the LIBS measurements are started Int Delay this Measurement 2 00 ys If the spectrometer controls the timing by the TTL Out at pin 23 the spectrometer starts sending these signals to the las
187. raph from different sides and zoom in on a section of the graph The manipulation of the 3D graph is done indirectly with two separate 2D graphs The graphs can be saved as 3 JPEG files embedded in a single RTF file This file can be loaded into Microsoft Word for text editing extraction of the JPEG files resizing etc Introduction This option allows you to visualize data that was saved earlier with a single 3D and two 2D graphs You can select the files in the menu with File Load into 3D Graph A standard windows dialog will appear You can select the file type in the bottom combo box all four types of AvaSoft files can be selected Scope Absorbance Transmittance Reflectance and Irradiance Select multiple files with the mouse in the standard Windows way by holding down the Shift or Ctrl key There is a limit to the amount of input files that the windows dialog can handle The exact number of files that can be handled depends on the combined length of the filenames If you want to handle thousands of files at a time use short names like a00001 roh a00002 roh etc With this naming scheme which is the shortest that can be used in the Store To Ram application we have been able to read 2520 files ata time Selecting more files will generate the following error BI x X You have exceeded the capacity of the dialog bax Please select less files The order in which these files are added to the
188. rated in which case a saturated label will appear in the Scope Data Graph The radiometric graph displays the spectrum for the selected radiometric parameter Just like with selecting the f Power emitted uWatt radiometric parameter in the radiometry box the available parameters depend on the settings in the irradiance chart settings dialog In the figure at the right an LED is measured inside an integrating sphere in which case only the Radiant Flux emitted power in Watt and the emitted energy during one integration cycle in Joule can be selected See also the radiometric table in section 4 4 1 i 450 500 550 B00 650 r The selected parameter in the radiometric graph is also THEE Size Wavelength nm used to determine the peaks in the peak measurement box 104 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The radiometric spectra can be saved and loaded by the Save and Open Saved Graph buttons see below under button bar Button bar Ext ni Info B fal Integration time ma 1641 Jac AVErage fio The Exit button will close the irradiance chart and return to the AvaSoft main Window The Pause button will stop data processing to be able to take a snapshot at the spectrum and or output parameters The Info button shows information about the current settings as shown in the dialog below ve loll The last line in this dialog Save irradiance spectrum Yes refer
189. rbance Transmittance or Irradiance and for all displayed graphics When the left mouse button is clicked in the graphical region while the CTRL key is down AvaSoft will follow the following procedure to run to the closest peak 1 The wavelength is determined from the position the mouse click occurred 2 The data from closest pixel is retrieved 3 The direction to search for the peak is determined from the neighbor pixels If both neighbor pixels have a lower value at the Y axis than the current pixel the current pixel is already a peak If only one of the neighbor pixel values is higher than the current pixel value the peak will be searched in the direction of this higher pixel If both neighbor pixels have a higher value at the Y axis than the current pixel the current pixel is in a valley The peak will in this case be searched in the direction of this neighbor pixel with the highest value 4 The cursor starts moving in the direction as determined under 3 until it reaches a pixel of which the value is not higher than the last one evaluated At this pixel the cursor stops By holding down the SHIFT key instead of the CTRL key the same procedure will be used to move to the closest valley v Select Graph Sele Select the Graph for which the cursor needs to be moved to the next peak then click OF If more than one spectrum is being displayed a dialog as shown at the right pops up in which the spectrum for which the peakfinder n
190. re enabled The measurements in the figure are performed with the Master txt m Nsom L 64 40 LRef 64 42 Channel Master a 70 36 aRef 70 38 spectrometer channel and illuminant D65 has been Fammen T e Se ee a R selected The color parameters are calculated a S with the 2 degrees CIE standard observer values eae erat The filename to which data will be saved can be found in the lower left corner Filename C AvaSpec60 data 0208003S1 stickers txt The button bar in the LABChart shows the following buttons The Exit button is clicked to stop the color measurements and return to AvaSoft s main window The white and dark reference buttons have the same functionality as in AvaSoft s main window The Save as reference color button is used to update the current reference color After clicking this button a dialog is displayed in which a name for MAATE Ml ES the ProductID needs to be entered If the productiD already exists in the database file and The productlD yellow already exists if the option Add new reference colors to DB The current color for this productiD in the database iz when measuring is enabled in the LABChart es ters 3648 anEF 1089 bREr 72 65 settings dialog then a dialog will be shown in which the choice can be made to overwrite the old color parameters with the new ones or to keep the old values for this productID see figure thers s47 amere 10 71 E BREF 7266
191. readings filling the entire screen behind the selected lines Manually change the scan selections by changing the values in the Select Range fields and pressing the Zoom button Unzoom will undo any change made Note that manually changing the Select Count Range will only have an effect if the Autoscale Y Axis box is unchecked Select Time Range Lower a51 02 Upper 492 83 Select Wavelength range Lower 401 7 nm Upper BA 0 nm Select Counts Range Lower ABG Upper 2530 oom Unzoom m mi The 2D graphs each have a scrollbar that changes the respective third dimension 2D Counts vs Wavelength 20 Counts vs Time 470 i Time ma 113 Wavelength 437 6 nm 450 Wavelength mm Measurement 423 Time since start 464 22 ms The position of the scrollbar is reflected in the boxes underneath each 2D graph Change the scrollbar in the standard Windows ways Clicking the arrows will cause a change of a single unit clicking between the arrows and the thumb will change 10 units dragging the thumb will select a new position in the readings relative to the position of the thumb You can also use the keyboard to change the scrollbar the Up and Down keys will give a single unit change the PageUp and PageDown keys will give a change of 10 units the Home and End keys will move to the first and last reading Checking the 3D boxes in the upper right corner of each gra
192. reference data in AvaSoft 48 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The status of this option is shown in the tains a zlazi button bar by the addition of a green sel MBS SATI IMAG wb BB border to the white button If the aan border is absent 100 reflectance will be assumed for the reference tile If the border is present like in the figure above customized reflectance values will be used for all calculations 10m anman Master Fie AMANTE SOE TRM Amphia 3 59 Smoothing Spline OFF 3 2 9 10 Setup Menu Options Suppress Save Comments This option if preceded by a checkmark disables the appearance of the comments dialog box if an experiment is saved as described in section 3 1 7 By default this option is OFF After clicking the menu option it will be enabled preceded by a checkmark 3 2 9 11 Setup Menu Options View Reflectance instead of Transmittance Although mathematically equivalent the experimental setup for a measurement in reflectance or transmittance mode is different and therefore the possibility to select the name Reflectance instead of Transmittance is implemented By default the option is not preceded by a checkmark meaning the program will use Transmittance mode By clicking the menu option a checkmark will appear and the program will use the name Reflectance instead of Transmittance The effect of the change is twofold e In Reflectance Transmittance mode the Ref
193. ring the following script for function 3 Script Error E E x Function F3 value F3 F1 0 11 Microsoft VBScript runtime error Division by zero at line char l near End Function Running this script will result in the run time error at the right Dec 09 67 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes If you refer to channels that are undefined Function Type None they will be handled as uninitialized variables by VBScript with value 0 This is the case for all uninitialized variables you might use in your scripts Finally a small example to monitor the integral of a peak between 522 nm and 550 nm in which an offset is subtracted The offset area is the area below of the straight line between the output at 522 nm and the output at 550 nm F1 is defined as a user defined input function m 522 F2 is defined as a user defined input function m 550 F3 is defined as the zero based integral between 522 nm and 550 nm The script for function F4 can then be written as Function F4 value If F1 gt F2 Then offset 28 F2 0 5 F1 F2 Else offset 28 F1 0 5 F2 F1 End If F4 F3 offset End Function Function Definition View Spectrum Function Definition Spectrometer Channel Wavelength range nm Master From 400 0 To 500 0 Hr of peaks to display fig The View Spectrum function does not display function output against time Instead the wavelength range that has be
194. rived The progress bar will be shown only if the time between scans is more than one second The time between scans is roughly the integration time multiplied with the number of averages However if the number of averages is high the time between scans can get longer because of the overhead time that is spent on transmitting the high number of average spectra to the PC VA AvaSoft 7 0 Full 2006 Avantes Fie Setup View Application Help Start Integration time ms 1009 Average 2 Wavelength nm 680 347 IR gt Counts 600 700 30 100 1 100 Wavelength nm 3648 File NEVW0001 ROH Amplitude 7 5000 Smoothing 0 Spline OFF Inttime 1000 00 ms Averages 2 51 64 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com 4 Applications antes M AvaSofte 7 3 Full 2008 Avantes Fie Setup View Application Help History start E Integration time ms Process Control Excel Output Oey gen Chemometry Store To Ram Wavelength Calibration d Color Measurement Absolute Irradiance Measurement Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 4 1 Applications History Channel Functions 4 1 1 With the History Application the output of self defined functions or integrals can be followed in a graph against time Up to 8 functions can be followed simultaneously The functions are defined in the dialog at the right which is shown after the History Function Entry option has been
195. rum 380 to 780 nm with a 5 nm interval gives the tristimulus values 76 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The chromaticity coordinates x y and z are obtained by taking the ratios of the tristimulus values X Y and Z to their sum o X S 4 ____ Z X Y Z 7 X Y Z X Y Z Another well known way to present the color parameters a and b is by their hue angle h and Chroma C Hue angle is measured in degrees starting with h 0 in the red direction a and increasing counterclockwise h arctan a Chroma is defined as the length of the line from the point a b 0 to the sample point To describe color differences a well known parameter is AE which is defined as AE AL Aa Ab In which AL Aa and Ab represent the difference in L a b values between the reference color and the actual measured L a b values 4 3 2 Menu option Color Measurement After selecting the menu option Applications Color Measurement a dialog is displayed in which the input parameters can be set The dialog shows two tabbed pages one is called LABChart and shows the input parameters for displaying the color measurements in a color chart the other one is called Time Series and shows all input parameters for displaying up to eight color parameters in a graph versus time The input parameters will be described in detail in sections 4 3 2 1 LABChart and 4 3 2 2
196. rwards with the menu option File Display Saved Graph Disable Graphical Output for high speed measurements The graphical output is the most time consuming event at short integration times so if high speed measurements are required check this box to process the data without updating the graphics during the measurements 130 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Settings in this bow are only relevant if Laser triggered by AvaSpec TTL Out at pin 23 of 26 ping HD connector Time Between Scans ma fi O00 This setting determines the frequency at which the laser is fired Pulse Width ps of pulse at pas fi 2 00 In Hardware Trigger Mode perform one SingleScan after each trigger at pin 6 Freg laser determined by Hw trigger freg at pin 6 f 00 00 Laserdelay p13 Delay between receiving pulse at pin 6 and TTL Out at pin 23 The LIBS settings in the lower box of the window as shown in the figure above and described below are only relevant if the TTL Out at pin 23 is used to trigger the laser The Pulse Width parameter is the pulse width in microseconds for the TTL Out at pin 23 When using the TTL Out at pin 23 there are three possibilities how to start and control a sequence of measurements Software controlled A measurement sequence can be fully controlled by software if the spectrometer is not setup in hardware trigger mode Setup Options External Trigger Setting is not Enabled and the chec
197. ry Application Function Entry History Application Start Measuring History Application Display Saved History Graph Applications Wavelength Calibration Calibrate Wavelength Application Perform New Calibration Calibrate Wavelength Application Restore Original Calibration Applications Color Measurement Color of an Object Background Menu option Color Measurement LABChart Time Series 4 4 Applications Absolute Irradiance Application 4 4 1 4 4 2 4 4 3 2 Avantes Background Quick Start Load Intensity Calibration Dec 09 www avantes com info avantes com 38 38 39 39 39 40 40 42 44 45 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 49 52 6l 6l 6l 6l 6l 63 63 63 63 64 64 65 65 65 71 72 74 74 75 76 76 71 78 82 86 87 95 96 antes 4 4 4 Perform Intensity Calibration 4 4 4 1 Start Intensity Calibration 4 4 4 2 Save Intensity Calibration 4 4 5 Irradiance Chart 4 4 5 1 Ilrradiance Chart Settings 4 4 5 2 Irradiance Chart Display 4 4 6 Time Series Measurement 4 4 7 Auto Adjust Integrationtime 4 4 7 1 Auto Adjust Integrationtime Settings 4 4 7 2 Measuring with Auto Adjust Integrationtime 4 5 Applications Process Control Application 4 5 1 Digital Output signals 4 5 2 Analog Output signals 4 5 3 Using the Process Control Application in AvaSoft 4 6 Applications Excel Output 4 6 1 Select Source Data 4 6 2 Enable Excel Output 4 6 3 Settings 4 6 4 Start Output 4 6
198. s e g 507 30 nm as second order peak for 253 65 In most spectrometers the second order effects are eliminated by filters or coatings but if these options have not been added to the spectrometer and second order peaks are available then these can be included in the calibration The central column cells will be marked green if a second order peak is found and yellow if a third order peak is found www avantes com Dec 09 info avantes com antes Press the Calculate button If your calibration is successful Confirm x you will be asked to confirm new coefficients pn i 9 11 Points Used Select OK and the new calibration will be applied 2 immediately Calculated Calibration Coefficients are Intercept 3 501 35469030088E 002 Coefficient 1 2 88869695249683E 001 Coefficient 2 8 12149333338425E 006 Coefficient 3 1 89686889053452E 009 Coefficient 4 0 00000000000000E 000 At least 3 peaks are needed to successfully complete a new p St Deviation 0 0857 calibration Try to calibrate with more peaks Selecting too many Range is from 350 nm to 868 nm peaks can however lead to peaks that cannot be matched with standard wavelengths Do vou want to SAVE these Coefficients Cancel 4 2 2 Calibrate Wavelength Application Restore Original Calibration This option enables the user to restore the calibration coefficients to their original values i e the values that AvaSoft was
199. s are taken at minimum integration time followed by a few scans at the integration time that has been entered in the maximum integration time edit box During the calibration a counter will be updated after each scan in the dark calibration status box and the measured dark scans are displayed in the graph for each channel The dark calibration can always be aborted during the calibration by clicking the Abort Dark Calibration button e g if the light input for one or more channels was not blocked If the dark calibration is ready the dialog at the right will be displayed By clicking Yes the new dark spectra Dark Calibration Ready Save to EEProm and corresponding integration times are saved to Sr eeprom and will be used to calculate a new dark spectrum after each change of integration time if the Auto Adjust Integration time feature is enabled 4 4 7 2 Measuring with Auto Adjust Integrationtime If the Auto Adjust Integrationtime option is enabled and a valid dark calibration has been saved to EEProm the maximum ADC Counts will be evaluated after each scan and compared against the limits that have been entered in the settings dialog In Absolute Irradiance mode main window and when measuring in the Absolute Irradiance Application irradiance chart and time series measurement the integration time will be adjusted if the maximum ADC Counts level is not inside the user specified range See also the example given in the descriptio
200. s been loaded for the following channel st spre 007032 96 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes If the intensity calibration has been loaded the Irradiance Chart and lIrradiance Time Series tabs will be enabled The Auto Adjust Integrationtime TAB will become available as well Clicking the irradiance chart or time series tabs allows you to change the settings before the measurements are started by clicking the OK button The irradiance chart and time series settings will be described in sections 4 4 5 and 4 4 6 The Auto Adjust Integrationtime Settings tab can be clicked to enable the Auto Adjust Integrationtime feature and to set the parameters that control the change of integration time A detailed description about this feature can be found in section 4 4 7 4 4 4 Perform Intensity Calibration enk Patten If a calibrated light source such as the AvaLight HAL CAL Perform Intensity Lalibratio or AvaLight DH CAL is available an intensity calibration Spectrometer Channe can be performed By selecting the menu option Master Application Absolute Irradiance Measurement a window is shown in which the settings for the intensity calibration become visible after clicking the Perform Intensity Calibration Lamp Calibration button The following settings need to be C AvaSpec62 20001 20 DH Imp entered before starting the intensity calibration e Spectrometer channel l view Edit Lamp Data e
201. s com antes As described in section 4 1 1 the History Channel Functions have been extended with the possibility to define a function with the support of a VB Script We have included a help file for VBScript for your reference You can reach it from the main menu by selecting Help VBScript It lists among other things all available operators and functions E BScript Joj x 2 e gt A g Hide Locate Previous Next Back Fomwad Stop Refresh Home Print Contents Index Search Favorites VBScript User s Guide El Qa vBScript User s Guide What Is VBScript Co Language Reference Ce FileSystemO bject User s Guide Adding VBScript Code to an HTML Page Co Scripting Run Time Reference Regular Expressions Guide BScript Fundamentals VBScript Data Types VBScript Variables VBScript Constants VBScript Operators Using Conditional Statements Looping Through Code VBScript Procedures Finally the third Help submenu is the About Box which shows some information about the AvaSoft version that is being used the serial numbers of the spectrometers that are connected detector types firmware and FPGA versions the Windows version of the computer and the available memory Spectrometers found Senal Number Detector Firmware FPGA About AvaSoft Bx Avano OTe Version 7 4 Full OO00 023 006 000 O00 010 000_ 000 021011101 Sony Ibes ad 000 022 000 000 dO00 010 000 000 AS5216
202. s specified in the History Channel Functions The lower left half of the Settings dialog can be used to enter the number of scans you want to export to Excel and the time interval in seconds between two scans you want to log Default values are 1000 scans and no interval meaning as fast as possible Continuous Mode You can select Continuous Mode by selecting the bottom radio button In this mode data will be written to a single sheet each scan overwriting the previous one In the lower right part of the Settings dialog you can select the workbook the sheet will be added to thereby enabling you to use your own calculations and graphs in Excel on live data from AvaSoft Dec 09 119 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Press the Select File button to select the workbook Please save an empty workbook using Excel if you don t have a previous workbook to open Ese IEEE ell peers Fd Microsoft Excel continuous xls Bestand Bewerken Beeld Invoegen Opmaak Extra Data Venster Help 6 x DEH SRY sBeo B A 4 MD gt ava m O A Q19 A B C D E M N a 1 Time Elapsed msecs YVL1 F1 F2 Wi WLG F6 2 3 07 03 2002 11 27 32 41252018 0 20 0438 4 Please do not enter your own 195 01 0 73522 6 formulas in this sheet 195 38 0 545509 7 jas they will be overwritten 195 75 3 73522 8 b AvaSoft 196 12 3 45449 g 196 48 0 73522 10 196 8
203. s to the save setting in section 4 4 5 1 If this option is enabled then all displayed parameters will be saved in this example to irrchart2 txt and the spectrum for the selected parameter in the radiometric graph will be saved to irrchart2xxxx irr in which xxxx represents the sequence number Hardware settings Spectrometer 021200652 Channel Master DetectorT pype AvaS phere source ingide sphere Diameter sampleport AyvaSpere 10000 micron Calibration settings Intensity Calibration Filename 02720065 2 M 15 LY 600 15 P50 dfr Integrationtine during calibration 53 m Smoothing during calibration 6 If the Save irradiance spectrum option is not enabled only the displayed output parameters will be saved Save settings Output parameters are saved to imcharte bet Save tradiance spectrum Yes By clicking the save dark black button a new dark spectrum will be saved It is recommended to save a new dark spectrum each time after changing the integration time Clicking the save data button will add the measured data to the textfile A user comment can be added to the saved data If a radiometric spectrum and or irradiance chart picture jpg have been saved with the output parameters the name of these this file is also saved in the textfile P irrchart txt Notepad p 5 x File Edit Format View Help IRRADIANCE MEASUREMENT RESULTS Spectrometer Channel O7O203301 21 5 2007 14 34 36 DetectorType
204. s www avantes com info avantes com antes Zoom out drag with the left mouse button within the white graphics region but in stead of dragging the mouse downwards and to the right drag it into another direction After releasing the mouse button both the X and Y axis will be reset to their default values Move X Y dragging with the right mouse button results in moving the complete spectrum up or down and to the left or right 4 1 3 History Application Display Saved History Graph If time measurement data have been saved the resulting ASCII file can be displayed graphically by Zockenin ates ee selecting this file in the dialog that is shown after clicking the Display Saved History Graph menu option After clicking the Open button the function output of the functions with function type Integral or User Defined is displayed against time Both X and Y axis are set to their full scale which is determined Bestandsnaam History dat by the minimum and maximum values in the list E History Channel Datafie MEE Displaying HISTORY DAT Measurements started at 02 07 01 Time 10 28 10 Exit Pause E _Info amp The zoom features as described in section 4 1 2 can be applied to zoom in on an interesting time interval A description for the print button can also be found in section 4 1 2 Since the History Channels Output file is in ASCII this file can be easily imported in a spreadsh
205. ser is fired If the timing is controlled by the laser or pulse generator there will be a minimum integration delay which depends on the spectrometer type the minimum delay for the AvaSpec 3648 USB2 AvaSpec 2048 USB2 and AvaSpec 2048L USB2 is respectively 0 28 1 28 and 3 28 us The hardware setup and other settings will be described in section 4 8 1 After enabling the LIBS application section 4 8 2 the specified number of measurements can be started AvaSpec 3648 USB2 in clear buffer mode only for advantages disadvantages see section 3 2 1 Dec 09 129 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes v IESS Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Settings ioj x 4 8 1 Libs Settings Hardware Setup f Spectrometer triggers Laser by TTL Out at pin 23 of 26 pins HD connector minimum IntegrationtineDelay 0 02 ps Laser triggers Spectrometer at pin 6 of 26 ping HD connector minimum IntegrationtimeDelay 1 28 ps Singlescan per trigger General Settings Number of Measurements fi 0 Note that the total ar of scans will be NrOfMeasurements Nr fayverages Fined Integrationtime Delay pE 2 00 Integrationtime Delay First Measurement us 1 Integrationtine Delay Last Measurement isl 17 AutoSave Spectra Disable graphical output for high speed measurements Settings in this box are only relevant if Laser triggered by AvaSpec TTL Out at pin 23 of 26 pins HD connector Time Between Scans rms fi 000 This s
206. set Autoscale Y axis eei Change Graph Scale Goto Preset Scale Moy Grid Enable 4 Progress Rar ETR ie Prec rne io 3 3 1 View Menu Scope Mode The display is set to Scope Mode showing a real time raw data signal with on the Y axes the read out of the AD converter and on the X axes the calculated wavelength 3 3 2 View Menu Absorbance Mode In Absorbance Mode the absorbance at pixel n is calculated using the current sample reference and dark data sets in the following equation Foie sample dark ref dark 3 3 3 View Menu Transmittance Reflectance Mode In Transmittance Mode the transmittance at pixel n is calculated using the current sample reference and dark data sets in the following equation T 100 sample dark ref dark As described in section 3 2 9 9 the reference white percentage of 100 can be customized The percentage of transmittance is mathematically equivalent to the percentage of reflectance and can also be used for reflectance experiments see also section 3 2 9 11 3 3 4 View Menu Irradiance Mode If the Absolute Irradiance Measurements Module has been ordered with AvaSoft this option will show the absolute energy output in pWatt cm nm An elaborate description about the experimental setup in case of absolute irradiance can be found in section 4 4 Dec 09 61 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com aYantes If the absolute irradiance application is not available a lig
207. solution is not an important issue a higher smoothing parameter can be set to decrease noise against the price of less resolution Dec 09 37 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes AvaSpec 2048 AvaSpec 3648 AvaSpec AvaSpec 2048L NIR256 AvaSpec 2048x14 Pixel 14 um Pixel 8 um Pixel 50 um 3 2 4 Setup Menu Use 16bit ADC in 14bit mode HW rev 1D and later The 14bit AD Converter used with the as5216 boards revision 1B and 1C inside the AvaSpec USB2 has been replaced by a 16bit ADC since the release of the as5216 board revision 1D Therefore the default range in Scope Mode for an AvaSpec USB2 has changed from a 14bit range 0 16383 to 16bit 0 65535 If the menu option Use 16bit ADC in 14bit mode is enabled preceded by a checkmark the 16bit range AD Counts will be converted to a 14bit range by the as5216 dll divide by 4 0 This option has been added for customers who have been already working with earlier versions of the AvaSpec USB2 with 14bit ADC and want to be able to compare the data in scope mode between both spectrometers Note that by setting the 16bit ADC into 14bit mode you will not lose resolution because the numbers are not truncated or rounded to integer numbers e g 5 counts in 16bit mode will become 1 25 counts in 14 bit mode If multiple AvaSpec USB2 spectrometers are connected simultaneously and one or more devices do not support the 16bit ADC rev 1B or rev 1C as5216 board all spectrometers
208. spectra as well Power emitted Vatt Y IRRCHART20005 IRR green yellow IRRCHART20006 IRR orange 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 730 800 Wavelength nm Show Info Convert to ASCII The filename and comments for the displayed spectra appear on top of the graph the text colors are the same as the colors used to draw the spectra By clicking the blue or green filename with the right mouse button a popup Convert to Excel menu for this radiometric spectrum is presented with the menu options shown in the figure at the right Remove From Chart Mf irradiance Chart Measurement Info iol xj The Show Info menu option displays the hardware settings measurement parameters and save settings for the spectrum as shown in the dialog at the left Hardware settings Spectrometer 021200652 Channel Master Detector ype AvaSphere source inside sphere Diameter sampleport 4yaSpere 10000 micron The Measurement parameters displays the unit of the intensity of the displayed saved spectrum This can be a different unit than the selected unit for the online measured spectra Also if comparing two saved spectra graphically be aware that these were saved in the same radiometric unit Measurement parameters Intensity Measured in Power e pi att Intime 61 me Avg 10 Smoothing 6 Gave settings Filename C VAvaS pecbe data 02120065 A RARCHART20006 1AA The other menu options in the
209. t Dec 09 Avantes 65 www avantes com info avantes com Measure Mode The four possible modes Scope Absorbance Transmittance or Irradiance are described in section 3 3 1 to 3 3 4 Note that if the selected measure mode is Absorbance Transmittance or Irradiance a reference and dark spectrum needs to be saved or loaded before the History Channel Measurements can be started Function Definition The parameters that need to be entered in the Function Definition Box depend on the Function Type that has been chosen Integral User Defined View Spectrum or Peak Function Definition Integral Function Definition Spectrometer Channel Wavelength range rim Multiplo with Master From 500 0 To 600 0 j1 000 In case a function is defined to display the integral versus time the following parameters can be set Spectrometer Channel The default is Master but in case more channels are available this can be changed to Slave1 Slave2 up to Slave7 The from and to edit boxes may be changed to specify the wavelength range in nanometer over which the integral needs to be calculated Finally a multiplication factor can be entered The value entered here is multiplied with the calculated integral Function Definition User Defined Function Definition Select UD Function Type f Input Function Script Edit Script Example log O rn 456 rn 65 1 321 0 24 s2 3 45 m B6O0 s1 600 If you want to disp
210. ted Inttime 10 00ms Averages 100 47 To disable the integral calculation the menu option which is marked as long as the Integrals are enabled needs to be reselected To measure the integral versus time up to 8 different functions can be entered in the History application 44 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 3 2 9 4Setup Menu Options Autosave Spectra Periodically With this option complete spectra will be saved iol x automatically in time The following parameters can be set Save Periodically Save On Digital IN e Time delay before first scan needs to be Save Az Fast s Possible no screen updates entered in seconds After clicking the OK l l button AvaSoft waits for this number of Time delay before first can 10 00 seconds seconds before the first scan is saved Time delay between scans 60 00 seconds e Time delay between scans needs to be Number of scans to save 5 entered in seconds This defines the time between saving two subsequent spectra If this number is set to zero AvaSoft will save l i X Cancel the spectra as fast as possible e Number of scans to save the number of spectra that needs to be saved can be entered On top of the parameters that appear at the right a checkbox shows Save As Fast As Possible no screen updates If the white checkbox in front of this text line is marked the Automatic Save option will always save the number of scans that have bee
211. tegration time should be entered It s also possible to let AvaSoft search for a good integration time by clicking the JAC button or by using the menu option Setup Options Auto Configure Integration time If measurements are done in a mode in which reference and dark data are required all modes except Scope mode then new reference and dark spectra need to be saved after the integration time has been changed Average With this option the number of scans to average can be set A spectrum will be displayed after every scans This spectrum is the average of the scans Dec 09 15 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes The wavelength shows the position of the cursor which becomes visible if the cursor button is down The amplitude of the signal which is given in the statusbar at the bottom of the main window is the amplitude at the wavelength shown in this field v Change IntTime and or Averages fe ES Multichannel only to All al Spectrometer San ms me Averages For multichannel spectrometers the integration time and averaging can be set for all channels at the same value by clicking to All If the dashed box is clicked different integration time and averaging can be set per channel 2 4 Graphical region The graphical region displays the data in an XY diagram with at the X axis the wavelength in nanometers and at the Y axis the detector counts After loading or Saving a reference and dark sp
212. tet Smoothing and Spline w Correct For Dynamic Dark Subtract Saved Dark Strobe 4aLight E Control PM CAvaLight LED Control Options 3 2 1 Setup Menu Hardware v Setup Hardware E EF Serial Number Detector Nr OFPisels Full Rangs nm Name Activated ae O6O3007 U1 1CD1304 3648 350 0 to 1079 4 Toshiba O6OS025U1 Sony ILX554 2048 1773 to 1100 0 Sony Synchronize scans between all spectrometers x Cancel Avespec Jb48 mode it Pre Scan mode i Clear Buffer mode This option shows all connected spectrometers and allows you to change the name of the channel and to deactivate and activate spectrometers For synchronization of scans a master sync spectrometer needs to be dedicated in Multichannel platforms usually the spectrometer from the left as seen from the front is assigned as master sync by Avantes For the NIR2 2 2 5 and the TE Cooled USB2 spectrometers the Setpoint temperature can be entered at which the detector will be held constant AvaSpec 3648 mode The Toshiba detector as implemented in the AvaSpec 3648 can be used in 2 different control modes 1 The Prescan mode default mode In this mode the Toshiba detector will generate automatically an additional prescan for every request from the PC the first scan contains non linear data and will be rejected the 2 scan contains linear data and will be showed on the screen and or saved This prescan mode is default and
213. th the X and Y axis will be reset to their default values Move X Y dragging with the right mouse button results in moving the complete spectrum up or down and to the left or right Move Y if a mouse wheel is available on the mouse being used then the spectrum can be moved up or down by moving the mouse wheel 2 5 Status bar TAOS File AVANTESOOU2 AOH Amplitude 617 40 Smoothing 0 Spline OFF Irttirne Bos m Averages 158 For each selected spectrometer channel a statusbar at the bottom of the main window shows the name label of the connected spectrometer channel the file to which the data will be saved amplitude at current wavelength the current settings for the smoothing and spline parameters the line color and style in the graphical display the real integration time and averages per channel and final the number of scans taken since the start button was clicked The field at the right is used to indicate that the spectrometer is receiving too much light at a certain wavelength range 16383 counts with the spectrometer boards rev 1B and rev 1C and 65535 counts for the spectrometer boards rev 1D and later These ADC counts are before correcting for dynamic dark smoothing or averaging in which case the label saturated will become visible Dec 09 17 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes 2 6 Find peaks or valleys by CTRL or SHIFT left mouse button click This option can be used in all modes Scope Abso
214. the figure below After typing in a keyword e g concentration and clicking the List Topics button a list of all topics containing this keyword is shown By selecting a topic at the left double click the information is displayed at the right in which the keyword is marked in the text E AvaSoft Help a E Tai Hide Back Print Options Contents Search Calibration Settings in Ava oft Chem Type in the keyword to fird concentration List Topics Select Vanabie Chwi FT Select Topic to display Piak al z5 mi Width 10 nn Cor Un rms Enabling 4vaSoft Chem Quick Start How to make concentration me Start Men Calbtation Clear Data Quick Start How to take oxygen measure Rae anon ae Calibration Pariz Calibration Ling Cosiicent inac ORDRE Er Freeh Decker y Lisaa halad C Geconi Onder urdai TE 100a cius Caibi Firre hel arctan Feed Stotas lo poni Cabale Keewy Cabrion Lina Coal a QODO0E 000 200 000 130 000 Sh Der 101703 O00 Le i Ext The dialog above is shown after selecting Application Chemometry Settings for the first time An example calibration file exarnplel cal has been a hich halda tee data Hatin nronantard in tha ceontad an thea faldar horn trr Display 138 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avante
215. this name is irrchart txt but by clicking the Change Output File button this filename can be changed Save Settings Save experiment results to fle lirchart tt Change Output File If Save lradiance Spectrum J Save lnadiance Chart To JPG By enabling the Save Irradiance Spectrum option a complete irradiance spectrum will be saved together with the parameter results The name of the irradiance spectrum file will start with the filename that has been entered irrchart in the figure at the right followed by a sequence number and the extension irr The irradiance spectrum files can be saved and loaded from the irradiance chart dialog Likewise the complete irradiance chart window can be saved as a Dec 09 101 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes picture together with the parameter results The name of the picture will start with the filename that has been entered irrchart in the figure at the right followed by a sequence number and the extension jpg If all settings have been entered the measurements can be started by clicking the OK button To be able to measure the right A D counts corrected for the dark spectrum a warning will be displayed if a dark spectrum has not been saved Information x G Dark data has not been sawed For Master Block the light input then Save Dark by clicking the black Button 102 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com
216. tion Intercept X1 pixnr X2 pixnr X3 pixnr X4 pixnr in which Intercept and X1 to X4 correspond to fa Wavelength Calibration Ee x Intercept and First to Fourth Coefficient in the figure at the right For example if we want to Spectrometer Channe calculate the wavelensth at pixel number 1000 Master C Slavel using the numbers in the figure at the right the wavelength becomes First Coefficient 0 136492 Process data only when in 384 054 0 136492 1000 second Coefficient 6 71 203 Ub following eine range 6 71259E 6 1 F6 Third Coefficient 5 66234 10 Start at 400 a 5 66234E 10 1E9 Fourth Coefficient 0 00000E 00 Stop at 454 nm Ha 267 Intercept 284 054 nm The Restore Factory Settings button restores x Cancel Restore Factory Settings for all spectrometer channels the original wavelength calibration coefficients that were saved to the EEPROM during factory calibration The Process data only when in following wavelength range option can be used to transfer only a limited number of pixels from the spectrometer to the PC This can significantly speed up the transfer time e g for the AvaSpec 2048 from 30 ms at full wavelength range down to 14 ms for a small selection of 10 pixels A second advantage is data reduction because only the spectral data will be saved at the pixels for which the wavelength is in the specified wavelength range 3 2 3 Setup Menu Smoothing and
217. to specify the wavelength range in nanometer which will be evaluated in the peak search Finally a selection can be made to define the Peak Output Wavelength or Intensity If both wavelength and intensity need to be followed against time one of the functions F1 F8 can be used to follow the peak wavelength and another function to follow the peak intensity To visualize the peak changes a third function can be set to View Spectrum with e g the wavelength range set to 455 457 as well and the nr of peaks to display set to 10 In the figure above the resulting output will be the wavelength of the highest peak between 455 and 457 nanometer If the intensity button had been selected the function output would have been the intensity of the highest peak between 455 and 457 nanometer Function Display Setting Function Display Settings Y as Function W alue C Auto f Fixed C Seconds l hlin 95 00 Display Last i i Minutes Hours Max 105 0 For Integral User Defined and Peak functions the output can be displayed graphically against time The amount of time that will be displayed at the X axis can be set manually by clicking the Fixed radiobutton If set to Auto the time axis will be set to 1 minute This option is not available if the View Spectrum Function Type has been selected because the X axis range is in that case in nanometers and determined by the wavelength range as described above The Y Axis can also be set to Fi
218. trometer channel to be calibrated select Channel Present Standard ag Choose a suitable integration time so as not 070203301 A to saturate the detector The peaks can be 364 98 365 01 seen in scope mode Peaks 404 59 404 66 74 Avantes Select the menu option Wavelength Calibration Perform New Calibration The auto calibration routine will now search for a number of peaks initially it will look for 5 peaks in the data from the Master channel The spectrometer channel and the number of peaks to look for can be altered A new search can be performed by pressing the Find Peaks button The peaks are shown in 3 columns The first column shows the position of the peaks found The second column shows the position of a suggested standard peak if available The last column lists the difference between the first two columns You can edit the values of the second column by selecting them with the mouse fo Max Fit Order C oO i include 2nd order peaks f Default Find Peak ind Peaks C File Calculate Close 407 91 435 83 546 10 576 93 579 04 750 45 763 49 511 51 407 78 435 84 546 08 576 96 579 07 750 39 763 51 611 53 Select the polynomial order In most cases a third order polynomial will show an excellent fit see figure above The include 2 order peaks option can be enabled if second or third order peaks should be added to the list of available literature peak
219. uWatt cm 20 pJoule s cm 0 2 Joule s m 0 2 1 60207 x 10 eV s m 1 248 10 eV s m 5 Knowing the photon energy at 250 nm and at 1000 nm from 3 and 4 the number of photons that correspond with 20 uWatt cm at 250 nm and at 1000 nm can be calculated from 5 by for 250 nm photons 1 248 10 4 9592 2 517 10 photons s m for 1000 nm _ photons 1 248 10 1 2398 1 007 10 photons s m With 1 mol 6 02308 x10 Number of Avogadro 1 umol 6 02308 x10 So the number of photons expressed in umol s m when measuring 20 uWatt cm at wavelength 250 nm and also 20 uWatt cm at 1000 nm becomes for 250 nm 2 517 10 6 02308 10 0 418 umol s m for1000nm 1 007 10 6 02308 10 1 672 umol s m In the table below the radiometric parameters that can be measured in AvaSoft are listed Note that a wavelength range needs to be specified over which the parameter spectral output will be integrated In the first column Hardware setup inside sphere refers to measurements that are done with the light source inside an integrating sphere while outside sphere or cc refers to measurements that are done with a light source at a certain distance from the sphere or with a cosine corrector 92 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes inside sphere Radiant Flux uWatt Total optical power emitted from a source Power emitted inside sphere E
220. ulation method used is based on the CIE 13 3 1995 standard A reference light source is calculated on the basis of the color temperature of the light source to be tested The color temperature calculation is done with the McCamy algorithm described above For color temperatures under 5000K a standard Planckian radiator is calculated with a color temperature that equals the color temperature of the sample light source For color temperatures between 5000K and 25000K a standard daylight distribution is calculated again with an identical color temperature The 14 standard CIE samples are then illuminated with both light sources and from the difference in chromaticity values the 14 Special Rendering Indices are calculated the first 8 of which yield the CRI 88 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes In LED measurements the Dominant Wavelength and Purity also known as HelmHoltz coordinates are often used to describe a color The Dominant Wavelength can be calculated for a measured sample point S with chromaticity coordinates Sx Sy by drawing a straight line from the midpoint in the chromaticity diagram E with x y 0 333 through S towards the edge of the Chromaticity Diagram spectrum locus The points at the spectrum locus correspond with a wavelength and the interception of the straight line through E and S with the locus is called the Dominant Wavelength Purity is the distance from the midpoint E to the sample poi
221. und click the JAC button which is in the down position during the search or reselect the menu option Setup Options Auto Configure Integration time When the maximum peak is around 90 of the full ADC scale 14750 counts for the 14bit ADC 59000 counts for the 16bit ADC the new integration time is displayed Since the integration time has changed new reference and dark spectra need to be saved before switching to transmittance or absorbance mode is possible For this reason this option is only available in scope mode 3 2 9 9 Setup Menu Options Use Custom Reflection Reference In Transmittance Reflectance Mode the transmittance reflectance at pixel n is calculated using the current sample reference and dark data sets in the following equation T c sample dark mM ref dark Cn is the Custom Reflectance Reference factor at pixel n In earlier versions of AvaSoft this factor was set to 100 for each pixel and could not be modified In AvaSoft version 6 and later the custom reflectance reference factor is default set to 100 but can be set to different values if needed If the reflectance spectrum of a white calibration tile is known the data can be read from a file or entered in a table in AvaSoft The resulting custom reference data can be saved and loaded under a user defined filename Click the Enable Custom Standard radio button and then OK in the Custom Reflectance Settings dialog to use the customized
222. up name is found in different files but the wavelength data between those files is different then a new tab sheet is created with the merge group name appended with a sequence number like merge1_1 in the figure above The reason for different wavelength data in the same merge group can be a change in spectrometer channels in the merge group a change in start stop wavelength in one or more channels or e g a new wavelength calibration Individually processed channels yield files in the merged file format which include only 1 spectrometer channel They were placed in the individual column in the merge settings These files are exported to the tab sheet lt serialnr gt followed by an x like 0610063U1x in the figure above Converting merged spectra to JCAMP The JCAMP DX format requires a dx file extension which can become troublesome if files with the same filename but with different file extensions are converted to Jcamp For example AVANTESO001 ABS and AVANTESO001 ABSX or AVANTESOO01 TRM will all be converted to AVANTESO001 dx and this file will then only contain the last conversion DX files have a fixed format and the wavelength column is linearized in the conversion 60 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Ma AvaSofte 7 0 Full 2006 Avantes 3 3 View Menu Fie Setup MISTS Application Help Stop Scope Mode Absorbance Mode Integration tit Transmittance Mode Irradiance Mode Graphic Re
223. uration detection has been set to the third level which will not only detect the saturated pixels at 16383 counts but also detect and correct the inverted saturated pixels Disadvantage of the autocorrect detection level is that processing the saturated scans by the application takes more time Master channel Scope Values saturated Master channel Scope Values Saturation Notification If the saturation detection has not been switched off the spectrometer channel statusbar will show the text label saturated as long as one or more pixels of that spectrometer channel are saturated Slavel File AVANTESOOOS ROH Amplitude 261 50 smoathing O Spline OFF Saturated Master File AVANTESOOO ROH Arnplitude 3613 7 Smoothing O Spline OFF Saturated This is useful for measurements in transmittance absorbance and irradiance mode because in these modes saturation can not be observed by looking at the number of counts like in scope mode But even in scope mode a spectrum can contain saturated pixels also when this is not directly obvious from the graph Examples are Smoothing The maximum pixel value of a peak can be saturated but is averaged with neighbor pixels which may not be saturated The correct for dynamic dark algorithm subtracts the dark values that are measured at the optical black pixels from the spectral data Therefore the saturation level of 16383 65535 in 16 bit mode counts will never be reached with corr
224. urement cycle is the same for each channel The arrival of the scans is sequential The as5216 DLL will signal the application that new data is available with special Windows messages If the system is not in merge mode each channel will process new data immediately after AvaSoft receives a dataready message from the DLL In merge mode recalculating the intensity in the overlapping range can only be done if the data for all channels since the last synchronized measurement started is available in the application Therefore data processing in merge mode is only done after the data for all channels has been received by the application 54 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes In merge mode all individual channels are still visible and the processed scans will be displayed over the range specified by the start and stop wavelength for each channel under setup wavelength calibration coefficients The line properties color style for each spectrometer channel can still be set per channel and saving reference and dark has not change either There are only two main changes when comparing the processed scans in merge mode and the traditional non merged measurements 1 Recalculating the intensity in the overlapping wavelength range s 2 Saving the spectra of all spectrometer channels in the same merge group into a single file 3 2 9 13 3 1 Recalculating the intensity in the overlapping wavelength range s Under perfect cond
225. utomatic Save Dark by TTL shutter External Trigger Setting Autocontigure Integrationtime Use Custom Reflectance Reference Suppress Save Comments Dialog View Reflectance instead of Transmittance Use Non Linearnty Corrector Batter Voltage Monitoring Menge Channel Settings 3 2 9 1 Setup Menu Options Check on Saturation The 14 bit A D converter in AvaSpec USB2 HW rev 1B and 1C results in raw Scope pixel values between 0 and 16383 counts If the value of 16383 counts is measured at one or more pixels then these pixels are called to be saturated or overexposed The range for the 16 bit A D converter in the AvaSpec USB2 HW rev 1D and later results in Scope pixel values between 0 and 65535 In this case the pixels are saturated at 65535 counts see also section 3 2 4 about the 16bit ADC mode Since saturated pixels can disturb the measurement results a lot of attention has been given in AvaSoft and the driver packages AS 161 DLL AS 5216 DLL to detect saturation and to notify the user if a measurement contains saturated pixels This notification is done in such a way that the user can always decide to ignore the saturation for example if the saturation happens at pixels that are not in the wavelength range where the user is interested in Saturation can usually be solved by selecting a shorter integration time When at minimum integration the signal is still too high an attenuator a neutral density filter or fibers with a smaller diameter
226. vaSoft will now read the configuration data from the spectrometer this can take about 15 seconds after which measurements can be started Dec 09 9 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes AvaSoft can be started from Windows Start Menu Under Start programs the group AVANTES Software has been added This group contains two icons With the red V icon AvaSoft is started The AvaSoft Help icon can be used to activate the AvaSoft helpfiles these helpfiles can also be activated from the Help menu after starting AvaSoft 0 3 Launching the software After starting the AvaSoft 7 software all connected spectrometers will be recognized automatically The number of detected spectrometers and their status will be displayed in the welcome dialog After a few seconds the main window will be displayed and the spectrometer names default serialnr will appear in the legend at the right hand of the screen More detailed information about the spectrometer s is shown after clicking the menu option Setup Hardware In this dialog a user defined name can be defined for each spectrometer After clicking the start button the spectra for all connected spectrometers will be displayed in the main window After clicking the OK button the main window is displayed Refer to section 2 for a description about the main window components A Quick Start can be found in section 1 if you want to start measuring immediately Detailed informat
227. vantes www avantes com info avantes com After clicking Yes a dialog is shown in which the name of the calibration file can be entered Type in the name you will use for this calibration line MyFirst in the figure at the right then click the Save button As a result the file MyFirst cal will be created and the calibration line will become the actual calibration line that will be used to calculate the concentration levels for the specified spectrometer channel Master in My Computer E 7 amp i 2 File name MuFirst __Save this exam ple My Metwork P m Save ag lupe Calibration files cal Cancel ie After a calibration line is saved it M Chemometry Settings O x will become the actual calibration Select Variables line which is blue colored This Channel Master ED arate J i a New Points actual line will be used for Pekat SG m Fa ded fk concentration calculations With Fig Furthermore the Calibration Line Cone Unit amo coefficients are shown in the lower right corner of the dialog and the Start New Calibration Clear Data a 2 ATE 1a predicted concentration values that Fit Order of Calibration Line EET ree ak i Calibration Points Calibration Line Coefficients have been calculated by using the First Order Linear Defaut e e os Second Order Quadratic Intercept
228. wever certainly with this few calibration points the second order option should be used with care as it will happily draw a well fitting calibration curve also through outliers 126 Dec 09 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Adding deleting calibration points Adding and deleting calibration points from to the actual calibration line is very simple and very well visualized in the graphical display To add new calibration points to a calibration just load the calibration file move the cursor to the next row in the table row 5 in our example fill in the sample concentration in the center column and read the absorbance into the first column by clicking the Read Absorbance for point 5 button A new red point will mark the calibration point in the graph New points can be added up to 30 standard samples The Calculate New Calibration Line will display a new red line next to the actual blue calibration line before raising the dialog with the question if the new calibration data should be saved or not This may be helpful to see if the new points are correctly measured or that one or more new points induce a strong increase of the standard deviation For example in the figure at the right the 3 error was caused by typing in the value of 60 in the wa neh ee 0 oe nos center column instead of the correct value of 40 To ee delete one or more calibration points from the actual calibration just delete the value for
229. will be displayed against time If the option Display no graphics to speed up data processing has been marked in the function entry dialog the function output will be shown by numbers only which are updated each time a new scan is saved to the output file There are six buttons at the top of this window see figure below an Exit button a Pause Start button a Save Reference button a Save Dark button an Info button and a Print button If the red Exit button is clicked the time measurements are ended and the main window and menu is activated The yellow Pause button can be used to stop the time measurements temporarily After clicking the Pause button data acquisition stops and the text on the button changes to a green Start If the Start button is clicked data acquisition is activated again and the text changes back to the yellow Pause again The Save Reference and Save Dark buttons have the same functionality as in the main window The Info button shows the dialog in which all parameters can be viewed not edited while the measurement is running By clicking the Print button the graphics that are displayed can be printed during the run First the printer specific dialog shows up in which the print options can be set For example if only one graph of the four in the figure above need to be printed this graph can be selected by the page s radiobutton All graphics are printed full size on a different page If time measureme
230. wn If the calibration has been performed with diffuser the intensity calibration data will be saved to an ASCII file with extension dfr with bare fiber this extension will be fbr The name of the intensity calibration file can be entered after clicking the Save As button The intensity calibration can be saved to Eeprom by clicking the Save To EEPROM button When saving an intensity ioi Calibration light source used in this calibration example lmp Select fiberoptic setup used tn this calibration Intensity Calibration performed with bare fiber FiberDiffuser diameter Sample Port SP 2900 MIETO Parameters in this intensity calibration Spectrometer channel Master Integrationtime o o milliseconds Smoothing f pixels Save To EEPROM Cave To File yg Close calibration to file make sure to include the serialnr into the filename The following data will be saved to the intensity calibration file Name of light source calibration file lmp Spectrometer channel 0 Master 1 Slave1 etc Integration time in milliseconds Diameter of diffuser surface in microns TOTAL_PIXELS 2048 for AvaSpec 2048 values which represent the dynamic range reference minus dark data at each pixel during the intensity calibration divided by the intensity of the calibrated light source that was used Setting for the Smoothing parameter during the intensity calibration After
231. xed or to Auto The Auto option will set the Y axis range to the minimum and maximum function values that are in the list of measured datapoints Dec 09 69 Avantes www avantes com info avantes com antes Function Independent Parameters Display No Graphics To Speed Up Data Processing Save Function Outpu C Do not save Function Output JAYE BVE 0 seconds Change Output File Save Function Output To File D testsHistory dat Function Independent Parameters Display no graphics to speed up data processing Below the TAB sheets for function definition an option can be enabled or disabled to speed up data processing by not displaying the graphics during the measurements If an application requires fast data processing e g more than 10 scans per second this option should be enabled If saved to an output file the data can be displayed graphically after the time series experiment has been ended as described in section 4 1 3 History Display Saved History Graph Function Independent Parameters Save Function Output The results of a time series experiment will be saved to an ASCIl file if the radio button Save Function Output has been selected A number of seconds between saving can be entered for data reduction in case measurements are carried out over long periods Entering a value of zero results in saving every scan The name of the file to which the data will be saved can be changed after clicking the Change Out

AVASOFT for AvaSpec-USB2 version 7.5 USER`S MANUAL

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