Signal Integrity Analyzers
Contents
1. 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 SIGNAL INTEGRITY ANALYZERS User Manual for HL SI Version 1 2 x Applies to Model Numbers HL2202 2014 HYPERLABS Inc Revision 1 2 0 www hyperlabsinc com 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 Introduction These consolidated reference materials apply to all Signal Integrity Analyzer SIA instruments from HYPERLABS and the included HL SI software Not all instruments have all of the features included below Please note that each model number includes its own HL SI software package which can be downloaded from our website Software packages are not cross compatible with other instruments For further technical support please visit our website www hyperlabsinc com Table of Contents Section 1 Instrument Setup cvs tadacinssrnnn fins ietashcinlevnni aiir E eS EI N ESE E T EI TETE 2 Section 2 Driver and Software Installation ccccccccscsceccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeseeeeeeeeees 2 SCHON 3 Software Stat p ornini erinnere nanie r a aani EEE NEONO ICN EOR REEN EAEEREN ENEE 2 Section 4 Overview of HL SI Software Controls cccccccccccccceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 3 Section 5 Test Environment Stic sisciass cazsencsanicahacend dencianasenciard delncsancada cana decianbnab deacons deuetesedpacesbceueteas 4 section 5 1 Vertical Scale and UNS wisiccccisaivatsasivieati2. Single ended 41 72 Z2 Differential 63 39 Vertical Axis Controls Units REFLECT COEFF Rho Limits 24 00 ia i100 Scaling Mode MANUAL J Waveform Acquisition CONTINUOUS Waveform Averages s Waveform Storage and Printing Start j i is 4 3 poian m Horizontal Units DISTANCE m aa End m 23 00 SeralNunter beer nee Dielectric K 2223 wc 0 6696 _ 0 00 1 00 2 00 3 00 4 00 0 00 1 00 2 00 3 00 4 00 5 00 oee Heroe our Figure 1 Example HL2202 Waveform with Important Features Labelled Detailed descriptions of the highlighted features and controls can be found in the following Sections 1 Waveform Display Area Section 6 Horizontal Scale and Unit Controls Section 5 2 Cursor based Zoom Section 6 3 Dielectric Constant K Controls Section 5 4 Cursor Readings Section 6 2 Vertical Scale and Unit Controls Section 5 1 Waveform Acquisition and Averaging Section 5 3 Waveform Storage and Comparison Controls Section 7 1 7 3 oN OP AF oO DN Calibration Controls Section 8 1 NOTE Not all software features are available on all models The interface will vary slightly based on the number of instrument channels of each model User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 3 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed
3. above prior to positioning the cursors Section 6 2 Cursor and Impedance Readings Readings are taken at each cursor in an X Y Z format shown in Figure 7 at right The blue numbers correspond with Cursor 1 and the red with Cursor 2 The X1 and X2 readings show the horizontal position of each cursor in the horizontal unit selected time or distance The X2 X1 output shows the distance between the two cursors The Y1 and Y2 readings are shown in the selected vertical unit impedance voltage etc The colored Z1 and Z2 fields always show the impedance at the cursor position measured in Ohms This provides an easy impedance measurement regardless of what vertical unit is used in the graph Finally the Z1 Single ended and Z2 Differential provide impedance readings at Cursor 1 Section 6 3 Using the Cursors to Zoom Cursor Readings X1 11 028 x2 y1 0 09 y2 Z1 41 719 Z2 X2 X1 m Impedance Readings Ohms Z1 Single ended 41 72 Z2 Differential 63 39 Figure 7 Cursor Readings To quickly zoom in on a smaller portion of the waveform press the ZOOM button located immediately below the graph area This fits the horizontal scale of the Waveform Display Area to an area slightly wider than the position of the cursors User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 7 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 Section 7 Data Logging The HL SI sof
4. assistance Material K Coaxial cable with polyethylene insulation 2 25 Coaxial cable with Teflon insulation 2 06 Printed Circuit Board PCB 4 0 4 3 Gallium Arsenide Integrated Circuits 13 1 Figure 6 Table of Dielectric Constants for Common Materials User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 6 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 Section 6 Waveform Output The HL SI software presents data in both visual and numerical formats The acquired waveform is displayed graphically in the main portion of the screen This User Manual does not cover tips for understanding and interpreting waveforms encountered in specific instrument applications Given the variation of instruments test environments and outcomes instruction in this area is provided in Application Guides found on our website http www hyperlabsinc com application guides aspx Section 6 1 Positioning the Cursors A pair of cursors can be used to take numerical readings at any point along the waveform These cursors are positioned via drag and drop and automatically snap to the closest point on the waveform Cursor 1 is blue while Cursor 2 is red NOTE Because the cursors automatically snap to the waveform it may be difficult to position the cursors or obtain accurate values when the instrument is set to continuous acquisition mode We recommend switching to manual acquisition mode see Section 5 3
5. that instrument s speed and number of channels The software packages are not cross compatible with other models The executable for each instrument will be the same as the instrument model number e g HL2202 exe for the HL2202 model The instrument is calibrated at startup a process that takes a few seconds The software will not be responsive to user input during that time If the installation was successful the operator will see the user interface shown on the following page If any error messages are shown please make sure that the instrument is plugged in and the drivers installed see Sections 1 2 above before contacting HYPERALBS for additional support NOTE All HYPERLABS instruments include free lifetime software upgrades The installed software version is shown in the title bar of the HL SI software Please check our website regularly for updated versions which include the latest features described here User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 2 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 Section 4 Overview of HL SI Software Controls When the HL SIA software is running the user will see a screen similar to Figure 1 below which has been marked up to highlight the important software features and controls Cursor Readings X1 1 028 x2 1 590 Y1 0 09 Y2 0 22 Z1 141 719 z2 31 697 X2 X1 m 0 56 Impedance Readings Ohms Z1
6. LABS Signal Integrity Analyzers is primarily intended to cover instrument setup and familiarize the user with the major features of the HL SI software The applications for SIAs are too many and varied to cover fully in this User Manual Accordingly we have made a wide variety of Application Guides and other reference materials on our website A full listing of Application Guides can be found at http www hyperlabsinc com application guides aspx If help for your application isn t shown in our Application Guides HYPERLABS is always happy to provide unlimited technical support to our customers For up to date telephone or email support options please see our webpage http www hyperlabsinc com contact us aspx Section 10 Copyright Information The information contained in this User Manual is 2014 by HYPERLABS Inc This manual may be freely distributed as is but any translations edits or revisions are prohibited unless expressly approved by HYPERLABS The HL SI software title and screenshots and all instrument model numbers e g HL2202 listed in this User Manual are also 2014 by HYPERLABS Inc The HL Circle and HYPERLABS logo found at the top of each page of this User Manual are 2012 2014 by HYPERLABS Inc Windows is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corp which is not affiliated with HYPERLABS User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 9
7. ation ESD STM5 1 1998 Additional static protection is not required to use these in most applications Section 2 Driver and Software Installation HYPERLABS SIAs utilize drivers from FTDI On computers connected to the internet the latest signed drivers will be automatically downloaded and installed as soon the instrument is plugged in to a working USB port If the computer is not connected to the internet or not configured for automatic driver installation the FTDI drivers must be manually installed Please visit the following page to download the latest version of the FTDI drivers http www ftdichip com Drivers D2XX htm If the program states it cannot find FTD2xx dll download the driver package at the address above extract the ZIP file and copy the FTD2xx dll file into the installation directory listed below Once the FTDI driver is installed the HL SI software can be installed by running setup exe in the included install package If the package is in compressed zip format all files must be extracted prior to installation By default the software will install to the following directory where HLxxxx is the model number e C WHYPERLABS HLxxxx During installation the user may elect to install to a different directory No other user options are available during the installation process Section 3 Software Startup Each instrument model has its own build of the HL SI software customized for
8. es 9 Section 8 1 Instrument Calibration c csssssssssssseseesseseesseseceeeesseeesseeesesseseessseeeessseessssessesseeeseeeeeees 9 Section 8 2 NIST Certification cccssssssssssssseesseeeseeeseeeeeeeeeeeseceeeeeeeeseesseseeseceseseseseceeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeess 9 Section 9 Additional Resources siiiciiciisriisrscstsssnsnencsasded sesattonsdsastsassaassensdeasiad seaatbensdaasteassnassusdseeieaseecease 9 Section 10 Copyright Information cic2cccecccccccsssasestesctceatenteeceanneassasacteedetentassaneebeestientaneaisasensbicedeneeameaentase 9 User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 1 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 Section 1 Instrument Setup All HYPERLABS SIAs are self contained instruments powered and controlled via a single USB port The included HL SI software and drivers are compatible with all versions of Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7 and Windows 8 At this time there are no plans for OS X Linux or other operating system support The instrument should always be plugged into the PC prior to running the HL SIA software NOTE The level of static protection required depends on the instrument being used High speed instruments model numbers HL22xx are sensitive to electrostatic discharge so appropriate protection should be used Instruments in the HL52xx series however are complaint with Class 2 of ESDS Component Sensitivity Classific
9. g and PNG Output Using the PRINT DATA or SAVE PNG buttons shown in Figure 8 above the operator can print the waveform on paper or to a graphical PNG file The output is identical for both and includes a timestamp of the measurement as well as the serial number if provided User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 8 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 Section 8 Instrument Calibration Section 8 1 Instrument Calibration All HYPERLABS SIAs have an auto calibration feature and the instrument automatically calibrates on software startup Manual calibration can be performed by the CALIBRATE button found at the bottom of the user interface Calibration is performed using a 50 Q internal reference cable built into each instrument The semi rigid cable used has better than 1 accuracy eliminating the need for time consuming external calibration Section 8 2 NIST Certification For applications requiring up to date compliance with NIST standards the SIA should be sent to HYPERLABS yearly for calibration and certification At the time of service HYPERLABS will verify the unit using NIST traceable instruments and provide a certificate of conformity If scheduled ahead of time this comprehensive calibration service can usually be performed in one working day Please see our website for current pricing and RMA procedures Section 9 Additional Resources This manual for HYPER
10. ols NOTE When the software is in MANUAL mode the Limits values do not automatically scale to the recommended values when the user switches units This can cause the waveform to become unreadably large or small relative to the vertical scale Be sure to readjust the Limits values once the desired unit is selected UNITS Lower Limit Upper Limit Description mV millivolts 250 250 Default setting measures the voltage of the 250 mV pulse sent by the instrument Normalized Voltage 0 2 0 Voltage represented as a fractional value where 0 indicates no reflection 1 0 indicates the full 250 mV is reflected and 2 0 indicates an open Impedance Q 0 500 Impedance in ohms Q of the device under test Reflection Coefficient Rho 1 0 1 0 Coefficient of impedance where 0 0 represents 50 Q Figure 3 Recommended Vertical Scale for Each Unit Type User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 4 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 Section 5 2 Horizontal Scale and Units The horizontal scale of the Waveform Display Area is controlled using the Start and End sliders found below and to the right the display area Numerical values can also be inputted directly in the corresponding boxes located to the right of each slider The maximum End value depends on the SIA model number HL22xx models can be set to 5 m 25 ns roundtrip There are three options for horizontal
11. own at right NOTE Waveform averaging slows the software considerably especially in continuous acquisition mode If more than 2 waveforms are averaged we recommend manual waveform acquisition mode Waveform Acquisition Mode CONTINUOUS Waveform Averages Figure 4 Waveform Acquisition Controls set to Continuous Acquisition and no waveform averaging User Manual for HYPERLABS Signal Integrity Analyzers and HL SI Software Page 5 4 HYPERLABS Innovation at Hyperspeed since 1992 Section 5 4 Dielectric Constant K Controls To obtain an accurate measure of distance when analyzing an electrical system the correct dielectric constant K must be used In particular the different insulating materials used in various cable types affect the signal s velocity of propagation which is used to calculate distance The Dielectric Constant Controls in the HL SI software are found in the right instrument panel and shown in detail in Horizontal Units DISTANCE m Figure 5 at right Dielectric K 22 23 VIC 0 6696 K is a numerical value that can be changed by the user based on the material being tested The box below allows the Figure 5 Horizontal Unit and Dielectric user to enter a number for the dielectric constant Constant Controls A table of common dielectric constant values can be found in Figure 6 below For help finding the dielectric constant of other materials please contact HYPERLABS for
12. since 1992 Section 5 Test Environment Setup The HL SI software allows users to modify most environmental variables and create a test setup that fits their specific application needs The Subsections below explains the available options for each control and the most common situations in which they are useful For further help determining the ideal test setup for your application please review the Application Guides on our website or contact HYPERLABS Section 5 1 Vertical Scale and Units The vertical scale and units of the HL SI software are controlled using the Y axis Scale and Units options shown in closer detail in Figure 2 at right The Y Axis control changes the units displayed on the vertical axis of the Waveform Display Area Vertical Axis Controls Different vertical units provide different types of information Units REFLECT COEFF Rho about the device under test For recommendations on which x units to use in specific test environments please reference IE _1 00 to 11 00 Figure 3 below or contact HYPERLABS ints to 1h The top button can be toggled between AUTO which scales Scaling Mode the vertical axis automatically based on the waveform values and MANUAL which constrains the display based on the selected Limits values Suggested values for the upper and lower limits depend on the selected vertical unit and can also be found in Figure 3 below Figure 2 Close up of Y axis Scale and Units Contr
13. tware has a variety of logging features to simplify the storage of data obtained during testing Waveform Storage and Printing Controls for these features can be found in the bottom right o corner of the User Interface as shown in Figure 8 at right Serial Number STORE RECALL CLEAR In the optional Serial Number field shown at right the PRINT DATA SAVE PNG operator can input the serial number or other identifying information about the device under test Section 7 1 Serialization Figure 8 Data Logging and Storage Controls If entered this information will be included in any printouts of the waveform Section 7 2 Storing and Retrieving Waveforms In Figure 8 above the Store Recall and Clear buttons can be used to record entire waveforms for later use in the HL SI software These stored waveforms can be used as an easy on screen reference for subsequent tests The Store button captures the waveform on the screen and saves it to a waveform file hlw The Recall button is used to load old waveforms into the User Interface The Clear button removes the stored waveform from the screen By default the waveforms are saved in the C HYPERLABS HLxxxx or C HYPERLABS HLxxxx waveforms directory where HLxxxx is the model number NOTE When a waveform is loaded the horizontal and vertical scale and unit controls are set to the parameters used for the original measurement and cannot be changed Section 7 3 Printin
14. units which can be cycled using the control located directly below the waveform also shown in Figure 5 on the following page The options are e Distance m Default setting used to locate discontinuities in the device under test requires the proper value for the dielectric constant K see Section 5 4 for more information to provide an accurate measurement of distance e Distance ft Alternate measure of distance also requires accurate dielectric constant K value e Time ns Time in nanoseconds NOTE All horizontal measurements in TDR mode indicate the round trip distance or time of the reflection i e the distance covered by the impulse reaching the end of the system and coming back or the time it takes to do so See our website for more information on how to correctly read distance and time measurements Section 5 3 Waveform Acquisition Modes and Averaging By default the HL SI software operates in continuous acquisition mode In this mode new waveforms are outputted to the Waveform Display Area as the instrument acquires them at regular intervals Alternatively the software can set to acquire and display a single waveform In the Waveform Acquisition box shown in Figure 4 at right the user can toggle between CONTINUOUS and MANUAL mode In MANUAL mode a waveform is acquired and displayed when the ACQUIRE button is pressed Waveform averaging can be controlled by setting the Waveform Averages control sh
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