MicroMeek MQ3
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1. 16 16 High 8kHz 3 9 16 16 High 8kHz 39 16 16 High skHz OIL OIL OIL OIL Use this page to record your favourite settings CurrentSense mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer MQ3 12 6 0 8 Fe Out Vol dB Input Meter oo CurrentSense mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer 4 12 6 0 8 O00000 Out Vol dB Input Meter o CurrentSense mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer 12 6 0 8 Sono Out Vol dB Input Meter CurrentSense mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer 12 6 0 8 5560 Out Vol dB Input Meter VEK ones Professional Studio Interface Kate CurrentSense mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer 700ms 0 0 Lo 7 5ms T a 3 3 3 3 16 16 Mid 1 8kHz 11 O ims 11ms 125ms 15s 7 Ox 16 On O aiandi lini alae Attack Release On Low 80Hz put Gain 3 D 16 16 High 8kHz OIL 12 6 0 8 TE Out Vol dB Input Meter MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide LOOK OUT FOR OTHER JOEMEEK PRODUCTS More JOEMEEK Q range products THE JOEMEEK STUDIO CHANNEL VC1Qcs Amazing mic amp compressor eq and ehnacer channel THE JOEMEEK JM47 True condenser microphone case shockmount and cable FLETCHER ElectroAcoustics Ltd St Marys Barton Road Torquay Devon TQ1 4DP ENGLAND Tel 44 1803 321921 Fax 44 1803 321922 e mail sales joemeek net www joemeek net DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY2. MQ3 User s guide with a low noise line amplifier the overall design produces a virtually unburstable input stage with excellent low noise characteristics An interesting fact is that the cost and quality of the parts in the MQ3 input amplifier are on a par with those used in the very top professional mixers and microphone amplifier outboards As well as giving the best performance with keyboards guitars and basses the MQ3 is also designed to work well with the best capacitor microphones it is particularly good with the JOEMEEK JM47 Neumann range the AKG C414 Microtech Gefell and Audio Technicas MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide 7 WHAT S INIT J MicroMeek Professional Studio VR fiie CurrentSense mic pre Optical aa er 7 5ms TS 7ms 800ms 0 1 33 SK s AV AT reaR Ae MA hee gt z eon eon m 10mm z K 7 g yr as 7 S SR mson 7 D 11 id Da A we 4 16 16 16 oo 6 Mic Ont eae 0 on Compression Attack Release l On Low 80Hz Mid 1 8kHz High 8kHz 0 L OutVol On dB Input Meter It s best to think of the JOEMEEK MQ3 as three separate pieces of equipment 1 The Input amplifier 2 The JOEMEEK Compressor 3 The Meequalizer THE CurrentSense INPUT AMPLIFIER The input amplifier takes audio signals from any microphone XLR socket musical instrument or high level source 1 4 inch jack socket and amplifies them up to line level that is from a few milliv
3. This analogue audio processing equipment conforms to the standards and requirements of the European Economic Community The EC Harmonised standards that have been applied are a Electrical equipment safety Regulations 1994 S I 1994 3260 b Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89 336 EEC incorporating S I 1992 2372 If it sounds right it is right Joe Meek 1964
4. charge will be made 17 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide NIVS sjndjno p vsuegjeg Ino P Ub o 7 JOIN Jossaidwoy du gt D t A LAdNI SANIT JIN LAdNI IN tH gt if z304 ER ieg nadia jnd j u1nj l Buu Joyesipui NI XIIN pu s di peou n0 7 O MaMOd y sul INOLNVHd A8p weibeip 42019 SONDBBA D MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide MQ3 User Settings J EVEEK enee Professional Studio Interface V oa 700ms 80 0 0 4 7 5ms i b Oms 3 3 11 oO ims 11ms 125ms 1 58 C Ox 16 On a A lsc Attack Release Low 80Hz 33 10 16 16 Sipit Gane Mid 1 8kHz J MVEK ones Professional Studio Interface Bh z 700ms 0 0 4 7 5ms D b 800ms 3 3 1o ims 11ms 125ms 1 58 7 Oa 16 Attack Release Low 80Hz 3 408 16 16 On canner Re mae Mid 1 8kHz O nput Gain mo Professional Studio Interface Hih z 6ms 700ms 4 39 11 Ims tims 128ms _ 1 58 146 16 16 16 On on Genuine ilk Raisa Attack Release On Low 80Hz Mid 1 8kHz Saput Gane J 5 Professional Studio Interface _ t 6ms 700ms 0 800ms 3 3 T 1 5s O 16 16 16 16 On Low 80Hz Mid 1 8kHz 11 ims 11ms 125ms 7 O pat Gain On Oneal Aiek Raoa Attack Release 3 16 16 High skHz 3 9
5. compression needs to be less obvious and more reliably gain controlling RELEASE sets the time during which the path gain returns to normal after compression Generally the longer the time the less obvious is the compression LF controls the volume of low frequencies in the audio spectrum This is a shelving control with the full level of lift and cut available at and below 80Hz MF controls the mid frequencies in the audio spectrum and it is centred around 1 8KHz The use of mid control can affect the relative position of instruments in a mix The control is a peaking control with a Q value of 1 HF controls the volume of the high frequencies in the audio spectrum This is a shelving control with the full level of lift and cut available at and above 8KHz Increasing HF content tends to make sounds appear closer and more present OUT VOL is simply a volume control for the output level It operates after the LED VU meter so does not affect the overload margin of the MQ3 unit PHANTOM situated on rear panel when pressed in enables 48V phantom power on the microphone XLR connector Most condenser type microphones will require phantom power to operate MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide MAKING IT GD CONNECTING YOUR MQ3 The MQ3 can be used in many applications from recording to live work This section will help you get connected as well as explaining the connections on the MQ3 to help you get the mo
6. MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide MicroMeek MQ3 Professional recording interface User s Guide The MicroMeek MQ3 is a piece of precision electronics designed to get the absolute best performance out of a musical instrument microphone recorder and the final mix Read the instructions carefully they have been written as a result of practical experience Ted Fletcher MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide INSTRUCTION BOOK CONTENTS The JOEMEEK MQ3 What it is 3 What s in it The Input Amplifier 5 The JOEMEEK Compressor 5 The Meequalizer 6 MQ3 Control Explanations 7 Making it go Connecting your MQ3 9 MQ3 Inputs and Outputs 10 Using the Input Amplifier 11 Using the Compressor 11 Using the Equalizer 12 Sample settings 12 Common problems 14 Technical performance 15 Block system diagram 18 MQ3 User settings 19 Ted Fletcher This instruction book was written by Ted Fletcher the designer of the original JOEMEEK compressor and the whole JOEMEEK range of professional audio equipment Ted worked in the studio with Joe Meek the legendary record producer in the mid 1960s MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide THE JOEMEEK MQ3 WHAT IT IS The JOEMEEK MicroMeek MQ3 is an input conditioner A microphone or musical instrument preamplifier designed to bridge the gap between the performing musician and the recording studio It has been designed specially to be easy to operate yet will g
7. To avoid deafening clonks try to remember to plug in capacitor microphones before turning on the phantom power INSTRUMENT LINE INPUT This input is a high impedance unbalanced 1 4 inch jack input suitable for any line or instrument level audio signal This input is for line level unbalanced signals from instruments or equipment It s not normally used for microphone inputs but can be suitable for some high output unbalanced microphones such as battery powered Electret types INSERT POINT This is used to insert another effect or outboard equipment into the ProChannel The input amplifier output appears on the tip of the 1 4 inch jack socket the ring is the return input When no jack is inserted the socket is normalled internally linked MIX INPUT This is an auxiliary 1 4 inch jack line input which mixes with the normal mic or line It can be used to add a second signal post EQ and pre compression Ideal for mixing an acoustic guitar with a voice OUTPUTS The two output sockets are 1 4 inch jack balanced low impedance and are connected in parallel The output is auto balancing and may be unbalanced without affecting output level One can be used as a recording output while the other is used for monitoring PA POWER Power input is 12Volt AC only IMPORTANT POWER THE MQ3 ONLY FROM THE JOEMEEK POWER SUPPLY PROVIDED USE OF OTHER POWER SUPPLIES WILL DAMAGE THE MQ3 AND INVALIDATE ALL WARRANTIES 10 MicroMeek MQ3 U
8. al sound of the signal in the MQ3 The three bands are set at 80Hz at the low end 1 5KHz in the mid frequencies and 8KHz in the high frequencies The equalizer is after the input amplifier and before the insert point and the compressor The effect of the equalizer can be switched in and out with the EQ IN OUT switch When the EQ is in circuit a yellow light shows beside the switch 6 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide The general rule about using EQ is to be very careful about too much lift Increasing the gain by say 10dB in the high frequencies has the effect of taking the MQ3 closer to overload This is generally OK as the MQ3 is designed with very generous overload margins but when using EQ this has to be remembered The rule is that when lift is used it s often necessary to compensate by reducing the input gain Note always alter sound from the ground up i e with the EQ controls set to the flat or O position A red LED indicator shows overload conditions at the output of the equalizer section of the MQ3 When this indicator flashes it shows that the audio signal is within 6dB of the overload point This a very useful indicator as it allows you to operate the EQ knowing that there will not be distortion in the output If the overload light flashes more than occasionally then decrease the input gain control See block diagram for detail on overload indicators MQ3 CONTROL EXPLANATIONS INPUT GAIN chang
9. alanced and will easily accept microphone levels from 70dB up to more than OdB Phantom power is provided for capacitor microphones Noise performance is up to finest laboratory standards 125 5dB below input 20Hz to 20KHz 200ohm input termination The line input is designed for unbalanced circuits and will accept 30dB up to 24dB The nominal operating level at the insert point is 10dB but as maximum output at that point is 24dB the MQ3 can operate with any mixer or outboard equipment THE OUTPUT STAGE An LED meter shows levels immediately before the output stage An output volume control gives the choice of output volume levels The two output jack sockets are identical Output is balanced 75 ohm with maximum output 26dB Noise is approx 80dB THE COMPRESSOR The built in JOEMEEK compressor is slightly different from the big studio units like the JOEMEEK SC2 2 so that it is easier to operate with musical instruments The ATTACK control is variable so that the impact of the compression sound can be varied from a gentle effect with the attack adjusted fast to more powerful sounds with longer attack times The compression release is variable from 125mS up to 1 5 seconds giving a wide range of effects An in out switch allows comparison between compressed and uncompressed sound Technically the compressor is a feedback optical device where the compression is provided by a light dependent resistor The light sou
10. compressors raise the level of quiet passages and EQ can contribute high frequency hiss if overused this also means that if there is noise in the microphone channel there will be more noise on the compressed and EQ d signal It s a compromise so try reducing compression and HF EQ If you still have excessive noise either there is serious noise in the input signal being fed into the unit or something is still turned up far too high Start turning things down 4 It distorts No it doesn t Distortion inside the compressor is virtually impossible however it is possible that the microphone amplifier is overcooking turn down the COMPRESSION control and readjust Too much EQ can sometimes sound like distortion 5 can t make the compression gentle enough It takes practice The setting of the COMPRESSION control is quite critical 6 can t make it compress hard enough Is the Comp on switch in Again it takes practice generally you are not pushing it hard enough Try slowing the attack turn clockwise and the release to minimum then with the compression control near full up turn up the input gain control 14 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE THE INPUT STAGE The front end is an entirely new CurrentSense design using 4 complete stages of amplification controlled by a single volume control The design gives microphone input headroom of more than 30dB the input is floating b
11. eek Professional Studio Interface iste CurrentSense mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer f M t amp I 6 6 700ms 0 0 o 10 5 7ms H 3_ 3 3 3 10 35 P M 3 5 j le 14 12 6 0 48 o Tims 128ms 1 58 C 1 16 16 16 16 16 16 O oo 6 O O oO Attack Mic Vipit eae On Compression Release On Low 80Hz Mid 1 8kHz High 8kHz O Lj_Out Vol On dB Input Meter BASS Drums Heavy Heavy compression slow attack fast release plenty of bass boost and mid range cut especially good with slap styles J CHIVEEK ticromeek Professional Studio Interface Vitar CurrentSense mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer 0 Gms ma ToOms 3 3 V 0 43 3 0 11 C tms _ 11ms 125ms 0 16 16 16 16 16 gt OO 6l on Compression Attack Release On Low 80Hz Mid 1 8kHz High 8kHz O L Out Vol On dB Input Meter Cymbals Compression slow attack long release brightening eq 13 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide COMMON PROBLEMS 1 The microphone doesn t work Check cabling and always use XLR input for mics Check that mic button is pressed in Is the phantom power on capacitor microphones Is the output volume control up 2 Got signal going through but no compression Is there enough signal Is the compressor push button engaged Have you turned the COMPRESSION control high enough 3 It s noisy The ProChannel input amplifier and compressor are extremely quiet but by definition
12. es the audio amplification of the input amplifiers of the MQ3 Too little gain and the sound will be too quiet and electronic background noise from various sources could become a problem too much and the MQ3 could become overloaded and distorted MIC when pressed in enables the microphone input on the rear panel When out the unit will respond to the line input COMPRESSION simply adds gain to the compression sidechain and so increases compression In simple terms this changes the threshold of the compression although with this compressor the threshold is not clearly defined the compression starts very gradually and the compression ratio changes with programme content and volume For practical purposes winding up the compression control increases the amount of compression In use you will find that musically all controls are interrelated ATTACK sets the time that the compressor takes to act At maximum slowest it s possible to make the compressor overshoot on some percussive programme material This means that the compression 7 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide electronics are driven hard before the gain has been controlled by the light cells The cells catch up and over compress momentarily giving a tiny dip immediately following the start of the note This is best demonstrated when recording drums Used sparingly this can contribute to musical drive Faster attack times set to minimum are used where the
13. ipment Always try to run these as high as you can without creating any audible distortion Switches denotes pressed IN denotes OUT o O Comp On Comp On CEIVEEK tticromeek Professional Studio Interface Bitte CurrentSense mic pre Optical Pal Meequalizer 700ms Geos woes 6 0 8 ims ims 125ms 1 5 16 16 16 16 OO O O Mic Tii ese On Cn Compression Attack __ Release Attack Release On Low 80Hz Mid 1 8kHz High 8kHz Q Out Vol Q dB Input Meter RECORDING VOCALS Medium compression slow attack medium release brightening eq but keep subtle for this program material 12 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide J CHIVEEK tticromeek Professional Studio Interface iiez CurrentSense mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer 6 6ms 700ms 0 0 0 7 5ms 7ms i Fg a 4 12 6 0 8 1 ims 11ms 125ms 1 38 7j 16 16 16 16 16 16 o0 6 GOTOO Tipit ese On Compression Attack Release On Low 80Hz Mid 1 8kHz High 8kHz O L Out Vol On dB Input Meter Mike d acoustic guitar Heavy compression slow attack medium release aggressive eq J CHIVEEK ticromeck Professional Studio Interface Qiiez S mic pre Optical Compressor Meequalizer 6 700ms 7ms 3 143 3 l at a tims 125ms a OF 6 16 6 16 Mic rar R On Compression Attack Release On Low 80Hz Mid 1 8kHz High 8kHz 0 L QU Electric guitar Heavy Heavy compression fast attack short release cutting eq MicroM
14. ive the finest professional glitter to the sound but without hours of tweaking knobs and switches with unrecognisable names QUALITY AND BIG SOUNDS It s my theory that big sounds can only be produced if the lower frequencies in an input amplifier are kept absolutely flat and under control To achieve this the JOEMEEK MICROMEEK has an extended frequency range down well below 20Hz This ensures that there are no sudden phase shifts in the low end The proof of the theory is that it sounds great OVERLOAD MARGINS In the mid 1970s designed a range of mixers specifically for Independent Local radio stations and the BBC One of the specification clauses insisted on by them was an extreme overload margin on the microphone amplifier The reason was that although momentary overloads transients are not audible they have an effect on the quality of the sound you hear A high overload margin amplifier just sounds better Nowadays many of these notions have been forgotten and quality electronics is getting rarer and rarer But the JOEMEEK range of Studio channels and the MQ3 apply these professional rules and you can hear the difference The function of a microphone preamplifier is not too difficult and the microphone input amplifiers on normal professional mixers do it quite well BUT they cut costs and corners The JOEMEEK MQ3 has a specialist approach it uses a super quality transformerless input stage in combination 3 MicroMeek
15. l is at nominal zero OVERLOAD INDICATOR There is also a separate overload indicator set to light when the input amplifier mic instrument pre is 4dB below clip this should be observed closely when the unit is being driven hard and or heavy compression is being used OVERALL PERFORMANCE Frequency response 0 0 5dB 10Hz to 50KHz Low frequency accuracy maintained to get clear unmuddled bass sounds onto digital recorders Harmonic distortion less than 0 01 except where compression affects low frequency wave shape Noise generally 100dB below input 125 5dB below input on mic at more than 50dB gain 16 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide THE POWER SUPPLY An external 12V AC power supply provides the power for the unit DO NOT ATTEMPT TO POWER THE UNIT FROM ANY POWER SUPPLY OTHER THAN THE ONE SUPPLIED WITH THE UNIT Circuitry inside the MQ3 converts the 12V AC into 14 5 0 14 5V and a 48V DC supply for the phantom power Power rating is 5 watts SAFETY The unit complies fully with European Cenelec requirements CE and may be used in all territories subject to safety approval of the power supply to local regulations WARRANTY In the unlikely case of a breakdown please return the unit and power supply in its original packing through the supplier The unit will be attended to immediately and returned to your supplier If any breakdown occurs excluding physical mistreatment within 12 months of purchase no service
16. olts up to about a volt The phantom power supply rear panel push button switch provides power to capacitor microphones Dynamic or ribbon microphones should be used with the phantom power turned off then full advantage can be taken of the extreme low noise performance of this amplifier The CurrentSense mic pre amp design unique to JOEMEEK allows optimised performance from all types of microphones from dynamic to condenser to classic ribbon types THE JOEMEEK COMPRESSOR And now for the part of the JOEMEEK MQ3 that gives it character the compressor It can pull voices forward control recording volume levels help with internal mix balance and add presence to your sound To get the best use out of the compressor it is necessary to get technical so even if you re not technical read the next bit carefully and get to be a compressor Guru A LIMITER is a device which stops the output of a signal path going above a predetermined level It is mainly used to protect amplifiers and recorders 5 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide and radio transmitters against overload The sound of a limiter is a bit like compression but it tends to be flat and uninteresting A COMPRESSOR is a device which reduces the dynamic range of programme material Its use is necessary to squeeze both the loudest and softest sounds onto records so that they can be listened to in all environments ie in the car A secondary use of compression and most imp
17. ombination of settings between the input attack and release controls They are always interdependent so experiment with different combinations for best effect When using the compressor remember what it is doing it s pulling down the volume of the louder sounds in a particular way that fools your ears into thinking that the sound is actually louder than it really is There is always the danger particularly with the smooth response of the JOEMEEK compressor of increasing the input gain too far and causing 11 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide excessive noise or even distortion it s easy to apply 20dB of compression without realising it USING THE EQUALIZER Always start with the equalizer controls set to 0 the control knobs set vertical Experiment with combinations of settings of EQ always trying to picture how the audio signal will be affected by changing the frequency bands Avoid using high levels of lift and whenever lift is applied keep a close eye on the overload LED If this LED comes on more than occasionally turn down the input Use the EQ IN OUT button to do instant comparisons between EQ and non EQ signals SAMPLE SETTINGS This section is aimed at providing a good starting point for getting good results While these settings do not guarantee a good sound they do work in most situations The correct level of the input gain and output gain cannot be predicted This depends on your source and monitoring equ
18. ortant for us is to introduce some artificial dynamics into sound to make it sound more exciting This is what the JOEMEEK compressor does best WHAT IS ACOMPRESSOR A perfect compressor is an amplifier where the input output ratio is constant So using a 2 1 compressor increasing the input by 2dB gives a corresponding 1dB increase in the output Early compressors which used variable mu thermionic tubes or photoelectric devices only approximated true compression over a limited range They had a soft threshold where compression started and held to a predictable ratio up to a certain level then they returned to a more linear amplification allowing transients through This is in stark contrast to modern VCA compressor limiters where is seemed sensible to combine the functions of compressor and limiter and to stonewall any and all signals above a certain level excellent for technical level control but hopeless for musical effect Generally I Know I m over simplifying modern VCA compressors sound muddy and flat while old compressors sound lively and retain sparkle The compressor in the JOEMEEK MQ3 is unique it is a recreation of an early photoelectric compressor in use in the mid 1960 s It is capable of producing the same punchy sounds that were so characteristic of the pop records of the time know used to make them THE Meequalizer Equalizer The equalizer controls the volume in three audio bands It s used to modify the ton
19. rce works in a servo loop the compression effect is carefully controlled and the compression ratio varies with the amount of compression applied During slight compression the ratio can be as low as 1 2 1 During heavy compression the ratio rises to about 7 to 1 although a feature of the JOEMEEK compressor is that the ratio momentarily decreases during 15 MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide transient signals this effect works to retain brightness that is often lost with other types of compressor THE EQUALIZER The equalizer is so called because it equalizes or corrects the sound It does this by modifying the relative volume levels of the various frequencies in the audio signal The MQ3 equalizer is a phase correcting equalizer with shelving high and low frequency correction and a mid control with a Q value of 1 As high frequencies are added the phase of those frequencies is moved forward This makes those frequencies sound more prominent and pulls the sound forward This makes for an extremely natural and pleasing sounding equalizer without harshness THE METER input meter The first green LED of the meter array stays on all the time to show that power is on The second green LED lights at an output level of 12dB The first yellow LED lights at an output level of 6dB The second yellow LED lights at an output level of OdB The red LED lights at an output level of 8dB these levels refer to the output when the output contro
20. ser s guide USING THE INPUT AMPLIFIER Selection of MIC or LINE input is via the MIC button on the front panel When pressed in the mic input XLR will be active Turn the INPUT GAIN knob down to minimum then If you are using a capacitor microphone plug in the microphone into the XLR socket then switch on the phantom power by pressing in the Phantom switch Do it in that order CAUTION When using UNBALANCED MICROPHONES DO NOT USE PHANTOM POWER It could damage the microphone and will certainly cause noise on the output An LED light shows on the rear panel as a warning that the phantom power is turned on Turn up the INPUT GAIN until sound into the microphone registers on the LED VU meter Adjust the level so that the second yellow LED the next to highest light lights occasionally USING THE COMPRESSOR First get a sound going through the MQ3 so that the LED meter is flickering Press the COMP push button and turn up the COMPRESSION control so that the compression LED starts to flicker on audio peaks You should now be able to hear a compression effect Adjust the ATTACK control to the desired setting a fast attack is used for smooth effects a slower attack is used when the compression needs to be more noticeable Adjust the release control to set the time that the compression takes to die out and increase the input gain control to get more compression Note that compression effect is always a c
21. st from your Pro Channel Sample recording set up Here we are using the MQ3 as a replacement front end for a mixing desk hard disk recording setup This configuration may be used for a performance vocal or instrument source in the studio to get richer sounds on disk as well as eliminating any digital delay when monitoring www joemeek net MIXIN INSERT LINE IN POAUTION Only use Modaffl 3 by FLETCHER ElecNgAcoustics To Recorder To Mixing Desk For monitoring bypassing monitor delay Microphone In Instrument In switch on front The mix input may be used to add additional sources at the performance and the insert point may be used to add effects by diverting the line level signal through and external processor i e reverb unit or amp simulator This use of the MQ3 will improve the quality of sound recorded by its high performance mic instrument amplifier Also the compressor will significantly improve the perceived impact of a sound Note that the compressor and equalizer may be added to a track after it has been recorded by using the line input from recorder group output MicroMeek MQ3 User s guide MQ3 INPUTS AND OUTPUTS MICROPHONE The microphone input is an XLR connector All microphone impedances and types are suitable for the JOEMEEK CurrentSense circuit Connections are Pin 1 is ground or screen Pin 2 is positive phase or hot Pin 3 is negative phase or ground for unbalanced
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