Preface
Contents
1. 10Base T Hub 100Base TX Hub 10Mbps 100Mbps Xpresso 1624 10Mbps 100Mbps 10Base T Hub 100Base TX Hub eo 9 6 Figure 7 Bridging existing hub based 100BASE TX and IOBASE T network VLAN and Speed Duplex Port Settings This section explains the port operations through which the VLAN flow control speed and duplex function is accessed for more advanced configurations Virtual Local Area Networking VLAN enables efficient traffic separation provides better bandwidth utilization and alleviates User s Manual 17 EtherWAN scaling issues by logically segmenting the physical LAN so that packets are switched only between ports within the same VLAN This creates secure segments and the resulting security is yet another reason to utilize a VLAN Auto negotiation regulates the speed and duplex of each port based on the capability of both devices Flow control allows transmission from a 100Mbps node to a 10Mbps node without loss of data Auto negotiation and flow control may require disablement for some networking operations involving legacy equipment Disabling the auto negotiation is accomplished by fixing the spe2. Ethernet Gigabit The demand for even higher speed created the gigabit Ethernet at 1000Mbps or 1Gbps The newer IEEE standard for gigabit Ethernet is IEEE 802 3z The only cabling media approved is the fiber optic pair Watch for 10gig Ethernet Ethernet Products Hub One of the earlier connection solutions for Ethernet a hub also called a repeater operates by broadcasting data to all ports simultaneously only to repeat it when it is not received The hub works through a shared network with all of the nodes in the network segment sharing the same collision domain Switches and bridges emerged because of a need to separate collision domains that are too large therefore improving performance and network reliability Switch A switch solves the collision problem by working as a single domain A Switch maps the physical Ethernet addresses of the nodes residing on each network segment and then allows only the necessary traffic to pass through Packets of data are transmitted along with the destination and source segment There are two basic architectures of LAN switches cut through and store and forward Cut through switches consider only the destination address before forwarding it on to its destination 30 User s Manual EtherWAN segment but store and forward architecture accepts and then analyzes the entire packet before forwarding This allows the switch to stop certain packet errors from propagating through the ne
3. EtherWAN Preface This manual describes how to install and use the EtherWAN 24 port Ethernet switch Xpresso 1624 It features twenty four ports that auto negotiate the presence of 100 10Mbps and full or half duplex mode An optional 1OOBASE FX multi mode module enables long distance connection An optional BNC connection for the module enables backwards compatibility To get the most out of this manual you should have an understanding of networking concepts such as bridging IEEE 802 3 Ethernet and 100BASE TX Fast Ethernet and local area networks LANs For more information about these topics please refer to the Appendices In this manual you will find Benefits of Ethernet switches Xpresso 1624 and its features LED functions illustration Installation instructions Configuration instructions for VLAN and port speed Specifications Ethernet technology LAN and VLAN tutorial information Definitions of terms used in this manual EtherWAN Table of Contents Preface ook epi e pou f eile 1 Introduction ee er ae nara aaa 3 Benefits of Switching aaa 3 EtherWAN Xpresso 1624 Switch 4 Product Features ss sce sce di e e aiii 6 Packing 18st 2 2 et dersinin ahahaha sutadadsdeastedssstadansds 7 Xpresso 1624 Front Panel LEDs a 8 Installati n dece une 11 Selecting a Site for the Switch a 11 Connect
4. a flow on each segment Further reduction in traffic is achieved by connecting users that communicate most frequently within the same segment The EtherWAN Xpresso 1624 fully complies with IEEE802 3u 100BASE TX FX and IEEE802 3 IOBASE T standards Xpresso 1624 facilitates an affordable and efficient migration path to 100Mbps fast Ethernet while providing the fiber connection necessary for today User s Manual 5 EtherWAN Product Features 24 ports with auto negotiation 10 100Mbps Optional 1 port module Plug and play Auto negotiation for speed and duplexity True non blocking architecture Full wire speed forwarding Store and forward mechanism Back pressure and IEEE 802 3x compliant flow control Supports 1K MAC address Port based VLAN Programmable re configuration for fixed speed and duplex modes One uplink port activated by the push of a button Front panel reset button Front panel status LEDs Standard 19 rack mountable size User s Manual EtherWAN Packing List When you unpack this product you should find the items listed below Please inspect the contents and report any apparent damage or missing items immediately to your authorized reseller Xpresso 1624 User s Manual AC power cord Rack Mount Ears with screws Serial Cable User s Manual 7 EtherWAN Xpresso 1624 Front Panel LEDs The array of LED indicators on the front panel conveys status and configuration information to help you
5. d Fast Ethernet networking standard for two pairs of high quality twisted pair wires carrying data at 100Mbps networking standard for fiber optic cabling capable of carrying data at 10Mbps networking standard for fiber optic cabling capable of carrying data at I00Mbps networking standard for carrying data at 100Mbps expansion card that enables a computer to attach to a network application specific integrated circuit a chip designed for a particular application and built by connecting an existing arrangement of circuit building blocks in new ways ASICs are commonly used in networking devices to maximize performance with minimum cost asynchronous transfer mode network technology capable of transmitting data voice video and frame relay traffic in real time User s Manual Auto discovery Auto negotiation Backbone Backplane Bandwidth Broadcast Bus Bus type stack Category 5 User s Manual EtherWAN process by which a network device automatically searches through a range of network addresses and discovers all known types of devices present in that range two part process by which a network device automatically senses the speed and duplex capability of another device interconnection within a LAN or WAN between subnetworks or workgroups within an enterprise bus or switching matrix that resides within a switch or hub chassis all traffic through such a device crosses the backplane at least once amo
6. e default setting is active Virtual LAN Virtual Local Networks VLANs enable segmentation of the LAN without regards to physical location Assign each port to a group or set of groups according to accessibility needs Follow these steps to assign ports to a VLAN group Enter V from the Main Menu e Select a VLAN group V1 V2 V3 or V4 e Enter the port To return to the default settings enter D from the main menu A prompt appears to verify this action The system only allows one VLAN group definition with each entry Continue selecting each desired VLAN group and assigning ports until all ports are assigned to at least one VLAN group Though each VLAN grouping does not need to be utilized each port must be assigned to at least one VLAN group Hit the ESC key when done VLAN Example e Key V1 no enter e Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 or 1 12 User s Manual 21 EtherWAN ENTER Proceed with the assignment of the remainder of the ports into any VLAN grouping Ports may be assigned to more than one VLAN Key V2 no ENTER Key 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 or 13 20 ENTER Key V3 no ENTER Key 21 22 23 24 or 21 24 ENTER Note ESC key will not return the screen to the main menu until each port is assigned to a VLAN 22 User s Manual EtherWAN VLAN Port List 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 empty Flw VLAN List PortMode Flw VLAN Li
7. e metal guides Once it is slid in fully snap in the module to make a proper connection and tighten the screws User s Manual 13 EtherWAN Figure 3 Removal of cover plate Jumper Settings The module arrives with pre set jumpers and should not be reset Use the jumper settings for trouble shooting purposes only Figure 4 Proper jumper settings for fiber module BNC connection does not have a jumper 14 User s Manual EtherWAN Networking Examples The following illustrates ways in which the Xpresso 1624 is utilized Xpresso 1624 200Mbps 10Mbps Full duplex Full duplex Half duplex Fast Ethernet Fast Ethernet Ethernet Printer server Workstation Server Workstation Figure 5 High speed connections for a small workgroup User s Manual 15 EtherWAN as 10Base T Hub 10Mops 200Mbps Xpresso 1624 Xpresso 1624 10Mbps 100Base TX Hub 10Base T Hub oo Figure 6 Collapsed backbone for workgroups 16 User s Manual EtherWAN B B J
8. ecifications Xpresso 1624 Applicable Standards Ports Speed Performance LED Indicators Module LED Indicators 26 IOBASE T IEEE 802 3 100BASE TX amp 100BASE FX IEEE 802 3u 24 10 100 BASE T TX 100BASE FX 200Mbps full duplex 100Mbps half duplex 100BASE TX 200Mbps full duplex 100Mbps half duplex 10BASE TX 20Mbps full duplex 10Mbps half duplex 148 800pps forwarding rate per port Power Link Activity 100Mbps Full duplex Collision Link Activity Full duplex User s Manual Dimensions Weight Power Input Power Consumption Operating Temperature Humidity Altitude Emissions Safety User s Manual EtherWAN 440 X 205 X 45 mm Rackmount Size 17 3 X 8 1 X 1 8 in Rackmount Size kg Ib 100 250 Vac 47 63 Hz 2 A 20W 0 40 C 32 104 F 10 90 non condensing 3048 m 10 000 ft FCC part 15 Class A CISPR Class A VCCI I CE Mark UL CSA TUV GS 27 EtherWAN Appendix A Connector Pinouts Pin arrangement of RJ 45 connectors 12345678 Figure 12 RJ 45 Connector and Cable Pins The following table lists the pinout of 10 100BASE T TX ports Table 5 Connector Pin Out Pin Regular Ports Uplink port 1 Input Receive Data Output Transmit Data 2 Input Receive Data Output Transmit Data 3 Output Transmit Data Input Receive Data 4 NC NC 5 NC NC 6 Output Transmit Da
9. ed or duplex of a port Disablement of flow control is also performed on an individual port basis Establishing Console Port Connection For these features to operate through the console port it is necessary to first configure in DOS or a terminal emulation program such as HyperTerminal e Check all switches cables and computers for proper installation before configuration e Attach a PC or any VT100 compatible terminal to the console port on the back of the switch see figure 8 using the following settings 18 User s Manual EtherWAN Terminal type VT100 Port type COM 1 4 ical 8 data bits 1 stop bit no Communication Mode parity and 9600bps for initial configuration Flow Control None Hardware NA Compression Console Port Figure 8 Console Port e Turn on the switch and press any key to view the main menu shown below User s Manual 19 EtherWAN VLAN Port List 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 empty empty empty Flw VLAN List PortMode Flw VLAN List VLAN Mode Default V M D Figure 9 Console port displaying default settings Valid Commands V Configure VLAN groups M Select 10 100Mbps and half or full duplex mode D Restore the default settings ESC Abort and return to the menu 20 User s Manual EtherWAN Default Settings All ports are in the V1 group with auto negotiation and flow control while th
10. g resources such as data and peripheral User s Manual
11. ing to POWeT aaa 12 Connecting to Your Network aaa 12 Optional Module Installation a 13 Networking Examples eee 15 VLAN and Speed Duplex Port Settings 16 Establishing Console Port Connection 18 Valid Commands 5 Sena Kanan anh AAA 20 Viirua BAN otra aes eG NAN AN ae A a dS 21 Port Settings i obe eb aiebat 23 SpecificatioOnsS ee asean enne 26 Appendix A Connector Pinouts a 28 Appendix B Introduction to LAN amp Ethernet Technologies aa 29 Appendix CS VLAN Siitsscssdadedededegsbsdadatcdetededshstadetsdetolegshess 32 Appendix D Glossafry aaa 34 2 User s Manual EtherWAN Introduction Benefits of Switching Ethernet switching technology dramatically boosted the total bandwidth of a network eliminated congestion problems inherent with carrier sense multiple access with collision detection CSMA CD protocol and greatly reduced unnecessary transmissions This revolutionized networking First by allowing two way simultaneous transmissions over the same port full duplex which essentially doubled the bandwidth Second by reducing the collision domain to a single switch port which eliminated the need for carrier sensing Third by using the store and forward technology s approach of inspecting each packet to intercept corrupt o
12. monitor and trouble shoot the switch e e O 1X 2X 3X 4X sg due eee 00000000 LNKIACT 00000000 RESET 400 POWER O B 00000000 FnxicoL n Qm Jn ju od 24 port 10 100 switch 5X 6X 7X 8x Figure 1 Xpresso 1624 LEDs Power Indicates that there is electrical power to the switch O Reset Button Push to reset the switch should it become unresponsive 8 User s Manual EtherWAN Status LEDs A set of three LEDs displays the status of each port Consult the following chart for clarification Table 1 Status LEDs LED State Indication Steady LINK The port has established a LNK ACT valid network connection ACTIVITY The port is transmitting or receiving data 100Mbps The port has 100 Steady established a valid 100Mbps network connection FULL DUPLEX The connection Flashing Steady is in full duplex mode FDX COL Flashing COLLISION Collision occurred in the 10 100 domain Off The connection is in half duplex mode User s Manual 9 EtherWAN EXTENSION SLOT ooo Q UPLINK S o Figu
13. mputers are connected in close proximity such as in the same building or office park a system of LANs connected at a distance is called a wide area network WAN media access control address a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network management information base a database containing the names of all the information resources a management program might need 37 Master Mbps MDA OEM Out of band PCI Port density Port mirroring Power Link tm RMON Runt 38 EtherWAN any device that controls another device controlled devices are called slaves millions of bits per second media dependent adapter original equipment manufacturer a manufacturer that typically purchases components from other manufacturers integrates them into its own products and sell the products to the public transmission of control information outside the bandwidth frequencies that transfer a network s data peripherals component interface a standard developed by Intel Corporation that defines a local bus system most modern PCs include a PCI bus in addition to a more general ISA expansion bus number of ports either physical or logical per network device advanced feature of switching hubs that allows one port s MAC layer data to be replicated to another port for monitoring by a network analyzer group of port connections between switches that allow traffic loads to be balanced among these connections
14. ncoming frame and stores it in the buffers before forwarding it to the destination port unlike cut through switching this method checks for runts and 39 Switch Switch motherboard Switching fabric UTP VAR VLAN WAN Wire speed Work Group 40 EtherWAN error frames and forwards only the good packets to the destination device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments main board inside a switch where the switching circuitry is located a term used to specify the maximum bandwidth of a switch at the backplane unshielded twisted pair cabling with wires that are twisted around each other the individual wires are uninstalled value added reseller a company that buys hardware and software and resells it to the public with added services such as user support virtual LAN a process that defines network segment membership through the use of software VLANs allow the network administrator to resegement the network without physically rearranging the devices or network connections wide area network a network that uses telecommunications technology to connect computers or networks over long distances the ability to handle the fastest rate of traffic that a generator can deliver without dropping packets on a 100Mbps connection wire speed traffic is 148 809 packets per second using 64 byte frames or 8 127 packets per second using 1 518 byte frames collection of computers that are grouped for sharin
15. nnect the supplied AC power cord to the receptacle on the back of the switch and then plug the cord into a standard AC outlet with a voltage range from 100 to 240 VAC Turn on the EtherWAN Xpresso 1624 by flipping the ON OFF switch on the rear of the unit to the I ON position The O position is OFF Connecting to Your Network Prepare cable with corresponding connectors for each type of port in use Consult Table 3 below for cabling requirements based on connectors and speed Once the connections are made the switch is operational 12 User s Manual EtherWAN Table 3 Cable Specifications Speed Connector Port Cable Distance Speed Half Full Duplex 100BASE RJ 45 100 200 Category 5 100 TX Mbps UTP meters IOBASE T RJ 45 10 20 Category 3 100 Mbps 4 or5 UTP meters 100BASE 200 Mbps 62 5 125 2km FX micron fiber optic cable Optional Module Installation The Xpresso 1624 offers an optional one port module It is available in either single or multi mode The multi mode fiber module supports either SC ST MT RJ or VF 45 BNC connection can be substituted to allow for even more versatility The optional module is inserted in the extension slot and the module utilizes port 20 Before installation ensure that the power is disconnected The module is not hot swappable Unscrew the cover plate in the extension slot Pull out the cover plate which has a non wired board attached Slide the module in slowly following th
16. presso 1624 Switch The EtherWAN Xpresso 1624 is a 24 port Fast Ethernet switch It has twenty four RJ 45 ports and each of them is capable of auto negotiating 10 100 Mbps and full or half duplex mode Addressing the demand for fiber EtherWAN provides an optional multi mode or single mode fiber module for Xpresso 1624 as an 4 User s Manual EtherWAN optimum solution for long distance connectivity The module supports one SC ST MT RJ or VF 45 port An available BNC connection addresses the backwards compatibility issue The Xpresso 1624 enables the linking of a 100Mbps Fast Ethernet network to an existing 1OMbps Ethernet network Its internal cache buffers the traffic from the higher bandwidth 100Mbps segment to the 10Mbps segment If you later decide to make both segments 100Mbps Fast Ethernet the EtherW AN Xpresso 1624 will automatically sense the change and adjust to 100Mbps operation In addition to the integration of 10Mbps and 100Mbps networks the EtherWAN Xpresso 1624 switch also provides for segmentation to reduce excess traffic that bogs down the network By splitting the network into several segments and bridging them you can cut the traffic load on your network and reduce collisions on each segment Through the store and forward architecture Xpresso 1624 automatically examines and appropriately forwards each packet to the right destination This reduces broadcasting to each node in the network and increases the dat
17. r redundant data switching eliminated unnecessary transmissions that slow the network Fourth by employing address learning which replaced the inefficient method of constant broadcasting to every node in search of the correct receiving port Ethernet switching technology supplied higher performance at costs lower than other solutions Wider bandwidth no congestion and the reduction in traffic is why switching is replacing expensive routers and inefficient hubs as the ultimate networking solution Switching brought a whole new way of thinking to networking and raised the level of expectations for high end users Today the demand is for higher transmission speed Although IOBASE T Ethernet at 1OMbps had been the standard current User s Manual 3 EtherWAN applications require fast Ethernet at 100Mbps At ten times the speed fast Ethernet satisfies the demands of power users and those using engineering software and multi media applications With this quick rise to higher speed many users were left with slower but still serviceable switches To solve this problem quality switches now automatically negotiate between IOBASE T Ethernet and 100BASE TX fast Ethernet efficiently integrating legacy equipment into a higher performance network Auto negotiation ensures a path for users to add change and migrate to fast Ethernet as warranted Ultimately switching provides a low cost answer to today s computing needs EtherWAN X
18. re 2 Optional module LEDs and uplink button O Uplink Button Depress for uplink function or leave in normal port operation Affects port 24 only Status LEDs A set of three LEDs displays the status of the optional modular port Consult the following chart for clarification Table 2 Optional module port LEDs LED State Indication The port has established a valid LNK ACT Steady network connection Flashing The port is transmitting data RX Flashing The port is receiving data The connection is in full duplex FDX coL Steady mode Flashing The port is receiving data 10 User s Manual EtherWAN Installation Selecting a Site for the Switch As with any electronic device do not subject the Ether WAN Xpresso 1624 to extreme temperatures humidity or electromagnetic interference Specifically the site you select should meet the following requirements e Room temperature of between 32 and 104 degrees Fahrenheit 0 to 40 degrees Celsius e Relative humidity of less than 90 percent non condensing e Adequate ventilation Do not block the ventilation holes on the side of the switch or the fan exhaust port on the rear of the switch e Power outlet located within 1 8 Meter of the switch e Electromagnetic field RFC of any other surrounding devices not to exceed standards for IEC 801 3 Level 2 3V M field strength User s Manual 11 EtherWAN Connecting to Power Co
19. st 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 O 10 11 12 On Please enter the VLAN or ESC to Abort V1 V4 gt Figure 10 Console port displaying revised VLAN assignments according to above example Port Settings The duplex and speed of each port can be altered and the flow control can be turned off to accommodate special needs User s Manual 23 EtherWAN Follow these steps to change the speed duplex mode setting or to toggle flow control ON OFF Key M no ENTER Select a port ENTER Select the media from the list that appears on the screen Note Only one port can be changed at a time Consult the following charts for a brief description Table 4 TX Port Settings Communication E Media Description 0 Flow Control Toggles ON OFF 1 Auto Auto Negotiation 2 100FL 100Mbps at full duplex 3 100 HF 100Mbps at half duplex 4 10 FL 10Mbps at full duplex 5 10 HF 10Mbps at half duplex Media Setting Example e Key M no enter e Select port 10 24 User s Manual EtherWAN e Select mode 5 Hit the ESC key when done To return to the default settings enter D A prompt appears to verify this command VLAN Port List 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 empty empty empty Mode Flw VLAN List PortMode Flw VLAN Mode Default V M D Figure 11 Console port displaying mode change User s Manual 25 EtherWAN Sp
20. t a single MAC address or client on each port Ethernet in FDDI out networking standard for transmitting data at 10Mbps networking standard for transmitting data at 100Mbps fiber distributed data interface networking standard for 100Mbps fiber optic LANs widely used as a backbone technology to interconnect several Ethernet or Token Ring networks cable made of thin glass threads that carry data in the form of light pulses software routines that are permanently written onto read only memory communications technique that allows two User s Manual Gigabit Ethernet half duplex HTTP server Hub IEEE 802 In band LAN MAC address MIB User s Manual EtherWAN way simultaneous transmission between two devices on a single IOBASE T segment networking standard for transmitting data at 1000Mbps a communications technique in which one device on a segment transmits while the other receives then the process is reversed software that serves HTML documents and associated files requested by clients such as Web browsers a device providing a common connection among computers in a star type network all ports within a hub share the total bandwidth of the domain set of Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers standards for defining methods of access and control on LANs transmission of control information within the bandwidth frequencies that transfer a network s data local area network a network where co
21. ta Input Receive Data 7 NC NC 8 NC NC 28 User s Manual EtherWAN Appendix B Introduction to LAN amp Ethernet Technologies As communication and business applications become increasingly complex computer networking has evolved as a very important part of the infrastructure Communication systems like Local Area Network LAN evolved into sophisticated powerful yet flexible technology Among the different types of LAN technologies Ethernet represents the best in speed cost ease of installation and supportability LAN Local Area Network LAN technology gave personal computers the power to share resources of hardware and software LAN connects personal computers file servers printers etc together within a geographical area usually a single building Multiple widely dispersed LAN systems are referred to as a wide area network WAN Ethernet Technologies More than 80 percent of all LANs utilize Ethernet technology The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IEEE standardized Ethernet in IEEE 802 3 which provides for configuration rules interaction requirements types of media and data rate Fast Ethernet For networks that need higher transmission speeds a faster speed was developed and IEEE next established IEEE 802 3u raising the User s Manual 29 EtherWAN Ethernet speed from 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps Thus fast Ethernet arose and users quickly began converting from 10Mbps to 100Mbps
22. to increase the total bandwidth of the interconnection this term is trademarked by NPI remote monitoring a network management protocol that allows network information to be gathered at a single workstation any frame that is shorter than the minimum valid size of 64 bytes runt frames are User s Manual Segment SAS Slave SNMP Spanning tree algorithm Stand alone Star type stack Store and forward User s Manual EtherWAN usually caused by collisions or faulty network interface cards section of a network that is bounded by bridges routers hubs or switches dividing an Ethernet into multiple segments is a common way to increase bandwidth on a LAN single attach station a type of node that allows for a single cable connection to a concentrator any device that is controlled by another device the controlling device is called a master simple network management protocol a standard for gathering statistical data about network traffic and the behavior of network components SNMP uses management information bases MIBs which define what information is available from any manageable network device a process used to eliminate redundant data routes and increase network efficiency type of device that does not require support from another device to function stack arrangement with the components connected to one another via a centralized hub switching feature where the receiving port receives the entire i
23. twork The store and forward switch eliminates redundant or corrupted packets thus increasing the efficiency of the network transmission User s Manual 31 EtherWAN Appendix C VLANs Virtual local area network VLAN is a network configuration in which nodes are grouped into logical rather than physical networks Figure 13 amp 14 below shows the difference between LAN and VLAN The segmentation in VLAN creates secured areas where sensitive information is not shared and creates its own broadcast domain within the group to effectively reduce broadcast traffic providing higher network efficiency and security LAN 2 LAN 2 Figure 13 LAN Segmentation 32 User s Manual EtherWAN Figure 14 VLAN Segmentation User s Manual 33 EtherWAN Appendix D Glossary 10BASE T 100BASE T 100BASE TX 10BASE F 100BSE FX 100BASE X Adapter network ASIC ATM 34 networking standard for twisted pair cabling capable of carrying data at IOMbps also called Twisted Pair Ethernet networking standard for twisted pair cabling capable of carrying data at 100Mbps also calle
24. unt of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time usually expressed in bits or bytes per second message forwarded to all destinations on a network connector or set of connectors that serve as the interconnection between related devices common bus types in personal computers include Industry Standard Architecture ISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture EISA and Peripheral Component Interconnect PCI stack arrangement where the individual components are connected along a single shared cable networking standard certifying that a copper wire cable can carry data at up to I100Mbps 35 Client Server Collapsed backbone Collision Concentrator CRC DAS Desktop switch EIFO Ethernet Fast Ethernet FDDI Fiber optic cable Firmware Full duplex 36 EtherWAN distributed computing model where desktop clients can access and share information resources from multiple servers LAN architecture in which the subnetwork interconnection is concentrated within a switching hub or router concurrent Ethernet transmissions from two or more devices on the same segment device used in a LAN to combine transmissions from a cluster of nodes often called a hub cyclical redundancy check a procedure used to check for errors in data transmission dual attach station a type of node that offers two connections with each connection going to another node or concentrator a switching hub designed to suppor
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