PARSTAT 2263 Manual - Princeton Applied Research
Contents
1. WARNING Indicates a hazard that could result in bodily harm if the safety instruction is not observed CAUTION Indicates a hazard that could result in property damage if the safety instruction is not observed Please read all safety instructions carefully and make sure you understand them fully before attempting to use this product Cleaning Instructions WARNING Using this instrument in a manner not specified by the manufacturer may impair the protection provided by the instrument To clean the instrument exterior e Unplug the instrument from all voltage sources e Remove loose dust on the outside of the instrument with a lint free cloth e Remove remaining dirt with a lint free cloth dampened in a general purpose detergent and water solution Do not use abrasive cleaners CAUTION To prevent moisture inside of the instrument during external cleaning use only enough liquid to dampen the cloth or applicator e Allow the instrument to dry before reconnecting the power cord TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 vi PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual 1 INTRODUCTION The PARSTAT 2263 Advanced Electrochemical System is a potentiostat galvanostat frequency response analyzer FRA that together with our Electrochemistry PowerSuite software comprises a simple flexible and extremely powerful system for performing a wide range of electrochemical techniques The PARSTAT 2263 is controlled from any suitably equipped PC via a Univer2. Microsoft Windows operating systems the PARSTAT 2263 requires a system that supports the USB interface 1 4 Polarity Convention The PARSTAT 2263 hardware follows the American polarity convention Positive current is cathodic that is a current is defined as positive if reduction is taking place at the working electrode Negative current is anodic that is a current is defined as negative if oxidation is taking place at the working electrode If the working electrode is driven positive with respect to the equilibrium potential the resulting current is anodic If the electrode is driven negative with respect to the equilibrium potential the resulting current is cathodic In complex electrochemical systems there may be more than one equilibrium system Where this is the case either polarity with respect to the equilibrium potential could give rise to anodic or cathodic current according to the system s characteristics 1 5 Inspecting Your New Instrument As soon as you receive your new PARSTAT 2263 inspect it for shipping damage If any damage is noted immediately notify Princeton Applied Research and file a claim with the carrier Save the shipping container for possible inspection by the carrier WARNING If your instrument has been damaged its protective grounding may not work Do not operate damaged equipment Tag it to indicate to a potential user that it is unsafe to operate 1 6 Maintenance Service and Support The
3. PARSTAT 2263 has been designed for optimum reliability and requires no periodic maintenance There are no user serviceable parts in this instrument Breaking the seal by opening the cover will void your warranty Contact the factory service department or the affiliate in your area if your unit needs service see the Warranty on page ii for more information Remember that our worldwide staff continues to support you after you have purchased your instrument We provide top quality service applications support and a variety of helpful information in the form of application notes technical notes and training materials For more information visit our website at www princetonappliedresearch com 1 7 About This Manual Chapter 2 describes recommended safety precautions for operating this instrument including the provision of adequate ventilation It also tells how to deal with transients on the power line and discusses the unlikely possibility of the instrument causing radio frequency RF interference Chapter 3 shows you how to set up your hardware It describes the functions of the connectors and indicator lights and shows how to connect the PARSTAT 2263 to the host computer and test cell Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 3 Chapter 4 gives the physical and electrical specifications of the PARSTAT 2263 including the AUXILIARY INTERFACE connector pinouts As noted above the PARSTAT 2263 is completely computer controlled operation and expe
4. with the STIR signal issued within Electrochemistry PowerSuite See Section 4 4 for the pin assignments 3 2 2 Front Panel The PARSTAT 2263 front panel is shown in Fig 4 A PARSTAT 2263 Advanced Electrochemical System Fig 4 PARSTAT 2263 Front Panel 3 2 2 1 CELL CABLE Connector and Cable The cell cable part no 223500 connects to the 10 pin CELL connector on the front panel via a LEMO style connector The connector is keyed so it can only be inserted the correct way To connect it grasp it by the grooved sleeve turn it so the red dot aligns with the red mark on the CELL connector this will ensure that the key aligns with the keyway and press it into place To disconnect it grasp the grooved sleeve and pull straight out At the other end of the cable are five color coded leads The color codes are e Green Working electrode lead e Red Counter electrode lead e White Reference electrode lead 10 PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual e Gray Sense electrode lead e Black Ground In both potentiostatic and galvanostatic operation the RED pin plug connects to the counter electrode and the GREEN pin plug connects to the working electrode The reference electrode WHITE plugs directly into the pin jack socket and the black clip is ground The GRAY lead is the sense lead and connects to the working electrode The use of the black lead depends on a number of factors It is not ordinarily used with the PARSTAT 2263 al
5. 11 801 S Illinois Avenue FAX 865 483 2133 Oak Ridge TN 37831 ATTN Customer Service D CUSTOMERS OUTSIDE OF U S A To avoid delay in customs clearance of equipment being returned please contact the factory or the nearest factory distributor for complete shipping information Copyright 2002 Advanced Measurement Technology Inc All rights reserved Princeton Applied Research is a registered trademark of Advanced Measurement Technology Inc All other trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners TABLE OF CONTENTS Safety Instructions and Symbols 06 0c ened teeta Cleaning Instructions net hh hs 1 INTROBUGTION 5 tt ace Rats gos ta ace nla gesta e ot cete fp ated dote fe og do 1 DMs TAWA CMM I xx 1 1 2 Potentiostatic Circuitry 0 0 m rh 1 1 2 1 Potentiostatic Mode 1 1 2 2 Galvanostatic Mode 0 cece mh 2 Wales are ute eoo a Ce A us La On MOT ven eA Ha 3 1 4 Polarity Convention 0 0 ccc ehh hr hh 3 1 5 Inspecting Your New Instrument sllisssssssssesss eh rh 3 1 6 Maintenance Service and Support 0 een hs 3 1 7 About This mr hh 3 2 SAFETY AND COMPONENT PLACEMENT ssssseee se hr 5 2 1 Safety Considerations 000 h
6. E Voltage Overload 0 0 ccc teeta 11 COMM Beas taa ee acta Upton e Brat atin Athen late io diate tut e UM DADA MR da 11 POWER EE E c MEE 11 3 3 Connecting to the PC and Cell hrs 11 3 3 1 Connecting to the PC 0 lh hr 11 3 3 1 1 Installing the USB Driver 12 3 3 2 Connecting the Cell u nan anaana 12 4 SPECIFICATIONS AND 5 ehm rh 13 4 1 Electrical Specifications Potentiostatic Circuitry liliis 13 4 1 1 Power Amplifier 0 2 0 0 0 ccc Rh hr 13 4 1 2 Differential Electrometer 13 4 1 3 iR Compensation m mr 13 4 1 4 Current Measurement sssssssesees hr 13 4 1 5 Potential Current Control lisssssssssssseseesl mr 13 lii 4 1 6 Impedance Specifications 4 2 Physical and Power Specifications 4 3 Standard Environmental Conditions 4 4 AUXILIARY INTERFACE Pinouts PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual Safety Instructions and Symbols This manual contains up to three levels of safety instructions that must be observed in order to avoid personal injury and or damage to equipment or other property These are DANGER Indicates a hazard that could result in death or serious bodily harm if the safety instruction is not observed
7. E DESCRIPTION ON THE FACE HEREOF THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF AND EXCLUDES ANY AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS EXPRESSED IMPLIED OR STATUTORY INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS AS WELL AS ANY AND ALL OTHER OBLIGATIONS OR LIABILITIES OF PRINCETON APPLIED RESEARCH INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES NO PERSON FIRM OR CORPORATION IS AUTHORIZED TO ASSUME FOR PRINCETON APPLIED RESEARCH ANY ADDITIONAL OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY NOT EXPRESSLY PROVIDED FOR HEREIN EXCEPT IN WRITING DULY EXECUTED BY AN OFFICER OF PRINCETON APPLIED RESEARCH SHOULD YOUR EQUIPMENT REQUIRE SERVICE A Contact the Customer Service Department 865 482 4411 or your local representative to discuss the problem In many cases it will be possible to expedite servicing by localizing the problem B If itis necessary to send any equipment back for service we need the following information 1 Model number and serial number 5 Your telephone number and extension 2 Your name instrument user 6 Symptoms in detail including control settings 3 Your address 7 Your purchase order number for repair charges does not apply to repairs in warranty 4 Address to which the instrument should be returned 8 Shipping instructions if you wish to authorize shipment by any method other than normal surface transportation C U S CUSTOMERS Ship the equipment being returned to Advanced Measurement Technology Inc PHONE 865 482 44
8. New Experiment Wizard 9 STIR This signal controls the Model 303 or 303A s STIR function in response to commands from an external computer set on the Cell Definition page of the Electrochemistry PowerSuite New Experiment Wizard It is assumed that the electrode is being used with a Model 305 stirrer Chapter 4 SPECIFICATIONS AND PINOUTS 15 16 PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual
9. PARSTAT 2263 Potentiostat Galvanostat Hardware User s Manual Advanced Measurement Technology Inc a k a Princeton Applied Research a subsidiary of AMETEK Inc WARRANTY Princeton Applied Research warrants each instrument of its own manufacture to be free of defects in material and workmanship Obligations under this Warranty shall be limited to replacing repairing or giving credit for the purchase price at our option of any instrument returned shipment prepaid to our Service Department for that purpose within ONE year of delivery to the original purchaser provided prior authorization for such return has been given by an authorized representative of Princeton Applied Research This Warranty shall not apply to any instrument which our inspection shall disclose to our satisfaction to have become defective or unworkable due to abuse mishandling misuse accident alteration negligence improper installation or other causes beyond our control This Warranty shall not apply to any instrument or component not manufactured by Princeton Applied Research When products manufactured by others are included in Princeton Applied Research equipment the original manufacturer s warranty is extended to Princeton Applied Research customers Princeton Applied Research reserves the right to make changes in design at any time without incurring any obligation to install same on units previously purchased THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES THAT EXTEND BEYOND TH
10. R Double click on the ezusb sys file then click on OK 3 3 2 Connecting the Cell To connect the cell cable part no 223500 to the PARSTAT 2263 1 2 Make sure the POWER switch is off Grasp the connector on the cell cable by the grooved sleeve turn it so the red dot aligns with the red mark on the CELL connector and press it into place To disconnect the cell cable connector grasp the grooved sleeve and pull straight out Assemble the electrochemical test cell and prepare it with the test solution Connect the color coded leads on the cell cable to the electrodes in the test cell as described in the following steps In both potentiostatic and galvanostatic operation connect the red lead to the counter electrode and the green and gray leads to the working electrode The reference electrode plugs directly into the pin jack white and the black clip is ground An accessory kit is provided to convert the pin plugs to alligator clips should you need them for your setup The polarity of the potential at the counter electrode will be opposite the applied potential This is necessary to establish the correct polarity relationship at the working electrode versus the reference electrode Use of the black ground lead depends on a number of factors In most cases it is not used although it is available if needed for a special purpose such as providing ground to a shield or screen surrounding the cell CAUTION Take care th
11. at the leads do not accidentally short together Because the black ground lead is often unused it tends to be overlooked Because of this an accidental short involving this lead is usually more of a problem than for the other leads Other configurations and connections If your cell is a two terminal connection i e a battery or resistor connect both the green working and gray sense leads to either the anode or cathode and both the red counter and white reference leads to the remaining cathode anode There are some applications for which a four electrode configuration is required In this case the sense electrode serves as a second reference electrode useful for controlling the potential between the reference and sense for instance in controlling the potential across a membrane in an H cell setup After all other connections to the PARSTAT 2263 are completed you can turn on power to the instrument PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual 4 SPECIFICATIONS AND PINOUTS 4 1 Electrical Specifications Potentiostatic Circuitry 4 1 1 Power Amplifier Compliance Voltage 20 V Maximum Current 200 mA Rise Time 1 ys no load Slew Rate gt 1 V us no load System Performance e Minimum Time Base 20 us Minimum Potential Step 2 5 uV Noise and Ripple 50 uV rms typical Minimum Current Range 200 nA hardware Minimum Current Range 2 nA with 50X gain Minimum Current Resolution 120 fA 4 1 2 Differential Electr
12. cle mates with the power cable from the ac dc power supply The PARSTAT 2263 input voltage range is 11 17 V Nominal input voltage is 15 V dc with 2 5 A nominal current at 15 V 3 2 1 2 USB Attach the supplied USB cable to this connector and to the USB connector on the PC You can connect to and disconnect from the PC without shutting down or restarting Windows or Electrochemistry PowerSuite NOTE In Electrochemistry PowerSuite when you connect or power on the PARSTAT 2263 you must close the current experiment then use the software s Search for Instruments command or the PowerSTAT potentiostat control module to establish communications with the PARSTAT 2263 See the Electrochemistry PowerSuite HTML Help Manual 3 2 1 3 SYNC ADC INPUT This BNC allows you to monitor an auxiliary signal in the 10 V range with 16 bit resolution This signal is monitored synchronously with the E and channels 3 2 1 4 DAC OUTPUT Rear panel BNC delivers a precise dc voltage in the 10 V range This output can be used to control the rotation speed of rotating disk electrodes RDEs 3 2 1 5 AUXILIARY INTERFACE This DB9 female connector provides several functions including the signals required to drive a Model 303A Static Mercury Drop Electrode If using a Model 303A you must connect the electrode to the AUXILIARY INTERFACE connecter via the Model 507 Interface AUXILIARY INTERFACE can also turn the Model 616 Rotating Disk Electrode on and off
13. h hr n 5 2 1 1 No Line Voltage Settings or FUS S 2 1 ttt tees 5 2 1 2 Defects and Abnormal Stresses 5 2 2 Component Placement 06 0 elm hn 5 22A V rilil atio In oa cess Sot er ater o a Sat ota Nac hae cin aS Se Gaels Aden DDR Agen Pene doa 5 2 2 2 Radio Frequency Interference 0 00 ccc hr 6 2 2 8 Transient Sensitivity 2 0 0 hh 6 S INSTALLATION tees eden a E s oot tede iat oat Nadu Pe an Beate Gd I LE IMS edo 9 3 1 Enabling the USB Port on Your PC 2 1 cette hrs 9 3 2 Connectors and Indicators 1 00 0 hh mr 9 3 241 Rear Panel aret uir aestu ase with Mean o ode di tu he Deen e Dem gg 9 23 2 1 1 INPUT POWER ttt aec edat Gud et dpt ca o n BR RR 9 3 21 25 WB stra eee atch Parsee ato SU eee uat Mar Ma Lm eh en at aA 9 3 2 1 3 SYNC 1 2 Rh mr 10 3 2 1 4 DAG OUTPUT nee eerte tox tct it kite eate fd e at dnte fa ete heated 10 3 2 1 5 AUXILIARY INTERFACE sssssssee ee RR mr 10 322s Font Panel E peas utes or gar esp tef ate epee Sine Maren Lien etn 10 3 2 2 1 CELL CABLE Connector and Cable 10 3 2 2 27 IidIGatOI S toa Seide an eue E en Mel Ed 11 eee oo Nas ery HOA De DEA OA 11 OVLD Current Overload 06 0 ccc I I nena 11
14. he printer Depending on the application you may also need to connect and disconnect the cell leads regularly NOTE The ac dc converter should be placed as far as possible from the experimental cell and cell leads When you re satisfied that the system is ready to install connect the units according to the instructions in Chapter 3 NOTE The standard system does not include an electrochemical cell You must supply a suitable cell and electrodes 2 2 1 Ventilation The PARSTAT 2263 specifications apply at the nominal line voltage 10 and at a temperature of 25 C 77 F unless otherwise noted Ambient temperature must not exceed 50 C 122 See Section 4 3 for more detailed environmental specifications To maintain a safe operating temperature allow some free space minimum 10 cm at either side of the PARSTAT 2263 for adequate air circulation Moreover there must be adequate circulation between the spaces at the sides of the instrument and the ambient laboratory air In a typical benchtop installation these requirements are satisfied with a large safety margin 2 2 2 Radio Frequency Interference In a typical application it is unlikely that the PARSTAT 2263 will act as a source of noticeable RF interference However when operated near particularly sensitive equipment interference from the PARSTAT 2263 could be a problem Following is a discussion of steps you can take to minimize that interference Interference below abo
15. is driven to the potential required consistent with the 20 V compliance of the control amplifier to establish the desired cell current The reference electrode is not used in the control loop but is usually used to measure the potential at some point in the electrochemical cell IRUPT E OW PSREER EK AMO 2 gt pd 1 1 8 o EK COUNTER POWER CURRENT CELL GROUND AMP INTERRUPT SWITCH 1 620 0 POSITIVE 03 0 FEEDBACK T ELECTROMETER 1 8 REFERENCE EREPORT amp K SENSE CURRENT RANGE PFIR amp KWORKING IREPORDE I E CONVERTOR 4 AT89S8252 SERIADS 24MHz mLm 325kB FLOAT NON FLOAT Dc pc 2 Fig 1 Potentiostat Mode Block Diagram Mon SKWORKING CURRENT PSREEE 8 Mw amp Py RANGE gt kus mu d i S d rg I E COUNTER CELL E POWER SWITCH z E AMP GROUNDES IREPORD 2 ELECTROMETER p REFERENCE EREPORT ES Ya 86 SENSE AT89S8252 SERIAI n 24MHz 325kB FLOAT NON FLOAT Dc 7 DC k 77 Fig 2 Galvanostat Mode Block Diagram PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual 1 3 Software The PARSTAT 2263 is fully compatible with our Electrochemistry PowerSuite family of electrochemistry research and development tools While the software operates under all 32 bit
16. nd the shield can function as a suitable low pass filter The leads of the capacitor should be as short as possible We suggest using coaxial feedthrough capacitors In the case of a signal lead it is essential that the capacitor s value be such as to attenuate the interference frequencies without unduly attenuating critical frequency components of the signal itself NOTE Keep the filter capacitor leads short Long leads establish sizable ground loops and may additionally act as radiating antennae Coaxial cables are a special case in that the cable shield acts as an extension of the enclosure shield This being the case the filter can be counted in a shielded box fitted with coaxial connectors without undue concern for keeping the box extremely close to the enclosure If more convenient to do so it can be located at some distance from the enclosure as long as the integrity of the coaxial shield is maintained The preceding techniques are extraordinary measures that should be required only in unusual cases If they are applied with care RF interference should be reduced to an acceptably low level in all but the most critical applications Contact the Customer Service Department for advice in the case of a problem that does not yield to these measures 2 2 3 Transient Sensitivity Princeton Applied Research instruments are designed and constructed to ensure normal operation in the presence of moderate transient levels Although these provision
17. nstrument particularly when making connections to the cell External line transient filters can generally suppress transients that enter the instrument via the line cord A suitable transient suppressor is available from Princeton Applied Research Various kinds of power line conditioners are also commercially available Chapter 2 SAFETY AND COMPONENT PLACEMENT PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual 3 INSTALLATION This chapter describes the PARSTAT 2263 connectors and indicators and shows you how to connect it to the host PC electrochemical cell and other equipment you may wish to use with it The pinouts for the AUXILIARY INTERFACE connector are listed in Section 4 4 3 1 Enabling the USB Port on Your PC Some PC manufacturers ship their PCs with the USB port disabled Before trying to use the PARSTAT 2263 make sure the USB port is enabled To do this go to Windows Settings Control Panel Systems and click on the Hardware tab On the hardware tab click on the Device Manager button At the bottom of the list it should show that the Universal Serial Bus controller is present If not go to your PC s BIOS setup and enable the USB port 3 2 Connectors and Indicators 3 2 1 Rear Panel Figure 3 shows the rear panel of the PARSTAT 2263 CAUTION AN CONTAINS NO OPERATOR SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL Fig 3 PARSTAT 2263 Rear Panel 3 2 1 1 INPUT POWER This 5 pin circular DIN recepta
18. ometer Input Bias Current 50 pA at 25 typically 20 pA Max Voltage Range 10 V maximum Input Voltage Differential 10 V Bandwidth 3 dB gt 9 MHz Common Mode Rejection e gt 60 dB at 100 Hz e gt 50 dB at 100 kHz Input Impedance gt 10 in parallel with 10 pF 4 1 3 iR Compensation Positive Feedback Range 20 MO to 20 Q depending on current range Current Interrupt 16 bit DAC potential error correction 4 1 4 Current Measurement Ranges 7 decades 200 mA to 200 nA Accuracy dc e 20uAto200mA lt 0 4 full scale e 200 2 ranges lt 0 5 5 nA full scale Frequency Response small signal e 2mARange 3dBat gt 1 MHz 1k source impedance e 20ygARange 3dBat gt 100 kHz 100k source impedance 4 1 5 Potential Current Control Digital Analog Converters DACs Bias DAC e Resolution 16 bits e Range potentiostat 10 V e Range galvanostat 100 of full scale current Modulation DAC e Resolution 16 bits e Range potentiostat 10 V e Range galvanostat 100 13 4 1 6 Impedance Specifications Frequency Range 10 uHz 1 MHz 4 2 Physical and Power Specifications Computer Interface Universal Serial Bus USB Weight 7 5 kg 16 5 Ibs Dimensions 36 8 cm W x 40 6 cm D x 15 3 cm H 14 5 in x 16 in x 6 in Power Requirements e PARSTAT 2263 11 17 V dc at 50 W nominal e External ac dc converter 90 264 V ac 47 63 Hz 120 W maximum 4 3 Standard Environmental Conditions Thi
19. puter The computer must be equipped with a USB port and your operating system must support the USB interface 1 2 Potentiostatic Circuitry The potentiostatic section of the PARSTAT 2263 circuitry includes e Two 16 bit digital to analog converters DACs for versatile waveform generation Four 16 bit analog to digital converters ADCs to measure current potential SYNC ADC INPUT and the potential for current interrupt e Anonboard microprocessor to perform the experiment defined by the operating software e Onboard memory to store the programmed parameters and data point values The PARSTAT 2263 operates with Electrochemistry PowerSuite in either the potentiostatic or the galvanostatic mode The potentiostatic and galvanostatic modes are described below 1 2 1 Potentiostatic Mode In this mode the PARSTAT 2263 controls the potential at the working electrode with respect to the reference electrode see Fig 1 The counter electrode is driven to the potential required consistent with the 20 V compliance of the control amplifier to establish the desired working electrode potential The range over which the working electrode potential can be controlled is 10 V 1 2 2 Galvanostatic Mode In galvanostatic operation the PARSTAT 2263 controls the current between the counter and working electrodes at the specified fraction of the selected current range up to the maximum of 2x the current range see Fig 2 The counter electrode
20. rimental procedures are covered in the Electrochemistry PowerSuite HTML Help Manual PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual 2 SAFETY AND COMPONENT PLACEMENT This chapter tells you the safety precautions to use when operating the PARSTAT 2263 Please be sure to read them It also includes some suggestions on placement of your system components and information on possible RF interference and transient sensitivity 2 1 Safety Considerations 2 1 1 No Line Voltage Settings or Fuses The PARSTAT 2263 automatically detects the correct line voltage and frequency The dc power supply is self protecting and has no user serviceable fusing Simplicity itself 2 1 2 Defects and Abnormal Stresses WARNING If your instrument has been damaged its protective grounding may not work Do not operate damaged equipment Tag it to indicate to a potential user that it is unsafe to operate The PARSTAT 2263 s ground protection is likely to be impaired if for example the instrument Shows visible damage Fails to perform the intended measurement Has been subjected to prolonged storage under unfavorable conditions Has been subjected to severe transport stresses The instrument should not be used until its safety has been verified by qualified service personnel 2 2 Component Placement Before assembling the system give some thought to component placement You will of course need convenient access to the computer keyboard and if applicable t
21. s are sufficient for operation in most places where this equipment is used it is certainly possible for transient PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual levels in particular environments to be so severe that they make reliable operation uncertain There are three general types of high level transients 1 Static Discharge Transients from this source generally affect input or output circuits Input circuits that include MOS field effect transistors to achieve a high input impedance are particularly susceptible to damage from this source Damage typically occurs when the charge built up on a user s body discharges into an input or output connector as a connection is being made Among the factors determining the tendency for charges to build are the kind of clothing fabrics worn shoe materials and the materials in the floor or floor covering 2 High Level Transients Generated Internal to the Place of Use Such transients almost always enter the instrument via the line cord Possible sources include heavy duty electric motors rf equipment lasers diathermy machines arc welders spark chambers and others 3 Lightning Transients caused by lightning almost always enter the instrument via the line cord Static discharge problems can sometimes be avoided by judiciously selecting the floor covering in the work area The simplest approach to the problem is to discharge your body by touching a grounded metal object just before touching the i
22. s equipment is designed to meet or exceed the requirements of the following standards e 1 0 EN61010 1 1993 Amendment 2 e EMC 61326 1998 Emissions e EN55011 1991 Group Class A Immunity IEC 61000 4 2 1995 ESD IEC 61000 4 3 1995 EM Field IEC 61000 4 4 1995 Burst IEC 61000 4 5 1995 Surge IEC 61000 4 6 1995 Conducted RF 4 4 AUXILIARY INTERFACE Pinouts 14 Pin Signal Function 1 Ground 2 TRIG IN This signal is issued if the Ignore external WAIT line option has been selected on the Expert Options page in the New Experiment Wizard 3 DISPENSE When using the PARSTAT 2263 with a Model 303 or 303A Static Mercury Drop Electrode SMDE via a Model 507 Interface this signal causes the electrode to perform a DISLODGE DISPENSE operation on command from the host PC set on the Cell Definition page of the Electrochemistry PowerSuite New Experiment Wizard 4 TRIG OUT A TTL trigger output is provided on this line if the Issue pulse out before starting option has been selected on the Expert Options page in the Electrochemistry PowerSuite New Experiment Wizard 5 BIT 0 IN Not used 6 Not used 7 BIT 0 OUT Not used PARSTAT 2263 Hardware User s Manual Pin Signal Function 8 PURGE When using a Model 303 or 308A SMDE via a Model 507 Interface this signal controls the electrode s PURGE function in response to commands from the host PC set on the PreScan Definition page of the Electrochemistry PowerSuite
23. sal Serial Bus USB interface using one of our Electrochemistry PowerSuite V family of electrochemistry software modules there are no user controls on the instrument itself Calibration operation and experimental procedures are covered in the Electrochemistry PowerSuite HTML Help Manual available on the software Help menu The PARSTAT 2263 together with its host PC an electrochemical cell and Electrochemistry PowerSuite constitutes a complete electrochemistry research system You do not need a separate potentiostat or analyzer the PARSTAT 2263 is a self contained unit that combines potentiostatic circuitry with phase sensitive detection The PARSTAT 2263 2 The PARSTAT 2263 2 option is designed to allow the system to float that is it isolates the unit s electrode leads from ground This option allows you to use the PARSTAT 2263 to perform experiments on cells or working electrodes that have a ground source themselves Examples of such cells are autoclaves or rebar networks in concrete The floating option is enabled disabled within the PowerSTAT module of Electrochemistry PowerSuite with the calibration procedure you must have the 2263 2 option to access this software feature 1 1 Hardware The host computer provides memory data processing input output and interface capabilities The PARSTAT 2263 electronically controls the measurement under direction of the software and the parameter values you enter from the host com
24. though it is available if needed for special purposes such as supplying ground to a shield screen surrounding the cell Potentials as high as 20 V at currents as high as 200 mA may be present at the counter electrode lead of the cell cable The CELL indicator should always be off unlit when making the cell connections as well as when the cable leads are being examined or disconnected 3 2 2 2 Indicators CELL This LED lights when the internal cell relay is closed The cell relay is controlled by the host PC I OVLD Current Overload The OVLD LED lights if the working electrode current exceeds 2x the full scale current range This does not mean that the cell control loop is out of control For example suppose the PARSTAT 2263 has been programmed to establish a potential of 0 752 V and that under the established conditions cell current of 0 5 mA occurs If the current range is 2 uA 20 or 200 uA the current monitoring circuits will be driven to the limit and the indicator will light even though the cell is still controlled at 40 752 V E OVLD Voltage Overload Unlike the OVLD indicator a lighted E OVLD indicator always means that the cell control loop is out of control That is the control amplifier has reached its maximum compliance voltage of 20 V and the potential of the working electrode with respect to the reference electrode is not as programmed This could result from a connection error open cell connec
25. tion an electrode problem an unacceptably high solution resistance or an instrument problem COMM This indicator lights when the PARSTAT 2263 and the computer are communicating POWER This indicator lights when the PARSTAT 2263 is powered on 3 3 Connecting to the PC and Cell This section tells you how to connect the PARSTAT 2263 to the host PC and electrochemical cell and to other equipment you may wish to use with it ARNING For operator and equipment safety power to all instruments should be off when connecting or disconnecting cables 3 3 1 Connecting to the PC The PARSTAT 2263 is shipped with a standard USB cable Connect it between the rear panel USB connector and a USB port on the PC As noted above you can connect to and disconnect from the PC without shutting down or restarting Windows or Electrochemistry PowerSuite however see the note in Section 3 2 1 2 Chapter 3 INSTALLATION 11 12 3 3 1 1 Installing the USB Driver The first time the PARSTAT 2263 is connected to the host PC and powered on Windows will display a Found New Hardware message then ask you to load the USB driver file ezusb sys To do this insert the PARSTAT 2263 Electrochemistry PowerSuite CD ROM supplied with the instrument On the Windows Taskbar click on Start Run In the Run dialog click on Browse then go to the CD ROM Double click on the disk1 folder for any one of the Electrochemistry PowerSuite modules for instance PowerCOR
26. ut 10 MHZ is most likely to be caused by RF currents flowing in the input and output cables or in the power line cord Because the PARSTAT 2263 uses an internal ac dc power supply that meets CISPR22 Class B for conducted and radiated emissions the ac line cord and the dc power cable to the instrument are unlikely to be sources of RF interference If excessive noise pickup is present check that the external power supply is not near the electrochemical cell or cell cable If this does not eliminate the problem try decoupling the power line with an external filter At frequencies below 100 kHz an external isolation transformer could be helpful WARNING To reduce the risk of potentially dangerous electrical shock only a qualified service technician should perform this work and then only with the instrument disconnected from all sources of power At frequencies above 10 MHZ these measures may not suffice to prevent radiation from being a problem particularly at VHF frequencies Additional measures will then be required Shielding is generally effective A suitable shield can be constructed using metal foil wire screening or similar materials Once the instrument is completely surrounded by the shield taking care not to unduly restrict ventilation the only additional requirement is to install low pass filters where lines pass through the shield all openings through the shield should be as small as possible A capacitor between a line a
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