Is Wi-Fi Safe for Children?Beware of Health Risks
Contents
1. practically illegible without magnifying glasses As a result most people have never read the following iPad contains radio transmitters and receivers When on iPad sends and receives radio frequency RF energy through its antenna The Wi Fi and Bluetooth antennas are located behind the screen to the left of the Home button and behind the Apple logo A cellular antenna is located at the top edge of iPad Wi Fi 3G when oriented with the Home button at the bottom When ifixit com dissected a Wi Fi 3G iPad they discovered not three but five antennas including the frame of the LCD screen being a giant antenna to be sure that human exposure to RF energy does not exceed the FCC IC and European Union guidelines always follow these instructions and precautions Orient the device in portrait mode with the Home button at the bottom of the display or in landscape mode with the cellular antenna located under the black edge at the top o the device away from your body or other objects This means if you don t handle the iPad exactly as instructed the RF radiation can exceed governments limits for human exposure Unfortunately most parents and teachers have no idea about this and have never communicated the manufacturer s instructions to children who are using iPads The user manual recommends you can further limit your exposure by limiting the amount of time using iPad Wi Fi 3G in wireless mode since time is2. Medical Perspective on Environmental Sensitivities RF EMF legitimate trigger for ill symptoms http www chrc ccdp ca sites default files envsensitivity_en pdf The Canadian Human Rights Commission recommends accommodation for those with EHS through reasonable measures such as hard wired communications in the working school environment Another video of interest Wi Fi in Schools The Facts 18 min Note Australia s A R P A N S A Health Canada Safety Code 6 http Awww youtube com watch v kmcAXZ o1K4 amp list FLI_8xq3QcBTrnb4665kpsNA For more info on Wi Fi health effects http www safeinschool org http www citizensforsafetechnology org 1 BCCPAC 2013 Resolution On Off Switches for WiFi Routers and Protocol for Use of Wireless Devices Adopted by strong majority votes 140 94 on May 4 2013 Last year the two resolutions passed by BCCPAC called for a halt in installing wireless network where other networking solutions are feasible and for the creation of at least one fully wired school at each level per school district This 2013 11 resolution focuses on schools which already have WiFi installed and cannot get it removed right now The British Columbia Confederation of Parent Advisory Councils BCCPAC represents 670 public school PACs and district PACs in the province in 2013 Please read the resolution along with the rationale which contains important safety information not just for the school environment but for homes
3. a factor in how much exposure a person receives and by placing more distance between your body and iPad Wi Fi 3G since exposure level drops off dramatically with distance RF EMF 2B Possible Carcinogen In 2011 the International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC of the World Health Organization WHO classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields emitted by wireless communication devices as Type 2B Possible Carcinogen to Humans The monograph states The general population receives the highest exposure from transmitters close to the body In children deposition of RF energy may be two times higher in the brain and up to ten times higher in the bone marrow of the skull than in adult users The WHO report concluded that additional research is important and advised the public particularly young adults and children to take pragmatic measures to reduce exposure Comparison between iPad and cellphone radiation The published radiation level of mobile devices is called Specific Absorption Rate SAR An iPad on WiFi 3G has an SAR of 0 76 1 19 W kg compared to the SAR of an iPhone on GSM CDMA at 0 547 1 18 W kg Many other cellphones have even lower SAR value than the iPhone Governments of some countries including Canada have issued warnings on children s use of cellphones With iPad s radiation level being similar to cellphones the same caution should be taken Health Canada encourages parents to reduce children s RF
4. as well Please share this information with parents grandparents teachers school administrators and school board trustees We demand that safety protocol be put in place http citizensforsafetechnology org BCCPAC Resolution Passed OnOff Switches for WiFi Routers and Protocol for the Use of Wireless Devices in Schools 19 3111 2 SD8 respects Winlaw Parents turns off WiFi http www nelsonstar com news 206826071 html 3 Former Microsoft Canada President agrees School WiFi is a Potential Health Hazard http www bizjournals com prnewswire press_releases 2013 05 09 C5138 4 Neuroscientist Baroness Susan Greenfield Increased Screen Time associated with Negative Changes to Children s Brains http www youtube com watch v ri4_ CW9P41s amp feature youtu be amp t 10m6s amp noredirect 1 5 WiFi in Schools a Teacher s Perspective http www staffroomconfidential com 201 3 04 wifi in schools html 6 Canada s Spokesperson for WiFi Safety is Funded by Wireless Telecom Industry http www safeinschool org 2013 04 conflict of interest influences emf html 7 Dr Devra Davis addresses the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences NIEHS on Cellphone Radiation http goo gl I900i 8 Experts Adopted New Resolutions on Pulsed Radiofrequency Radiation WiFi should not be placed in schools http saferemr blogspot ca 2013 04 experts adopt two resolutions about html
5. off switches to WiFi routers 2 to establish a protocol of use that i WiFi routers and WiFi 3G functions of computers laptops tablets are to be turned on only when they are needed for access to the Internet via the wireless network and ii Bluetooth function is to be turned on only if it is needed for accessing other Bluetooth enabled devices 3 to observe safety warnings and follow safety instructions in the user manual of iPad by reducing the duration of use under wireless mode and keeping the iPads away from the students bodies Note that putting an iPad on airplane mode will initially turn off all antennas on the iPad However WiFi and bluetooth antennas can be re enabled without switching off the airplane mode Therefore an iPad showing airplane mode on is not a guarantee that all the antennas are off It is important to check the antennas separately In addition when the WiFi function on an iPad shows Not Connected it does not mean the antenna is off It only means the iPad is not logged onto any available wireless network To ensure the WiFi antenna is turned off the WiFi function must read off Differences between the iPad and an AM FM Radio The radio frequency emitted by iPad is often confused with AM FM radio waves The two actually differ in the following ways 1 AM FM radio utilizes analogue signals with a continuous waveform see diagram below iPad via 3G or WiFi emits digital signals in the
6. ap press room pages Managing Media We Need a Plan aspx As well the American Academy of Pediatrics has published 3 letters in the past 2 years calling for the adoption of the Precautionary Principle by protecting children and pregnant women from radiation emitted by cellphones and wireless devices They also demand that the FCC revises its inadequate and outdated exposure guidelines and testing protocols which happens to be the same as Health Canada s The AAP represents 60 000 pediatricians and pediatric surgeons August 29 2013 http bemri org component docman cat_view 2 publications 5 biological effects of non ionizing radiation 14 mobile phones html limit 20 amp order hits amp dir ASC amp limitstart 0 July 12 2012 http www citizensforsafetechnology org uploads scribd AAP_07 12 12 20FCC 20cell 20phone 20radiation 20Itr pdf December 12 2012 http citizensforsafetechnology org uploads scribd AAP_Letter 20to 20Kucinich_Dec 202012 20 1 pdf TheGreenGazette July August 2013 In the past few years iPad has become many adults best friend and children s babysitter It is used as a computer eBook reader camera video music player word processor communication device drawing tool game pad and more Apple says Read all safety information below and operating instructions before using iPad to avoid injury The safety information provided with purchase is a small booklet of 3 1 4 x 5 with text so tiny it is
7. ations in North America and Europe have also issued public statements to warn about the serious health risks associated with using wireless devices Among them the American Academy of Environmental Medicine wrote In September 2010 the Journal of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine Fertility and Sterility reported that only four hours of exposure to a standard laptop using WiFi caused DNA damage to human sperm Multiple studies correlate radiofrequency exposure with diseases such as cancer neurological disease reproductive disorders immune dysfunction and electromagnetic hypersensitivity Other neurological and cognitive disorders such as headaches dizziness tremors decreased memory and attention autonomic nervous system dysfunction decreased reaction times sleep disturbances and visual disruptions have been reported to be statistically significant in multiple epidemiological studies with radiofrequency exposure occurring non locally With the proliferation of the wireless industry it might not be possible to eliminate all sources of RF radiation However a good start is to follow the European parliaments advice for an exposure level called A L A R A as low as reasonably achievable The following resolution was adopted by the BC Confederation of Parent Advisory Council this year While these steps were proposed for schools they are also useful for reduction of unnecessary exposure at home 1 to provide on
8. considered to be the introduction of new equipment that presents a potential health and safety hazard for workers As such it is the duty of the Joint Health and Safety Committee to develop a hazard control program to assess the risk of injury from the potential hazard recommend controls to be applied to address the hazards and to monitor the effectiveness of the applied controls 7 Administrative and physical control methods to address the hazards of non ionizing radiation such as WiFi in the workplace are readily available and relatively easy to apply Application of controls would be completely consistent with the ALARA As Low As Reasonably Achievable approach and the precautionary principles as well as the general duty clause Section 25 2 h of the Occupational Health and Safety Act Recommendations OECTA recognizes that there is a growing concern regarding the potential adverse health effects of the use of wireless technology which requires the broadcasting of non ionizing electromagnetic radiation typically in the radio microwave frequency band Il OECTA recognizes that the installation of WiFi microwave transmitters and the expanded use of wireless devices in Catholic schools and educational facilities across the Province of Ontario may present a potential Health and Safety risk or hazard in the workplace Ill OECTA recognizes the need to provide information to the Joint Health and Safety Committee s at the local Unit level rega
9. dence is not enough of a reason to be unconcerned The fact that many other countries have instituted regulations to protect children seniors pregnant women and other susceptible populations should be the guide for a District policy on WiFi installation and use in the worksites http gvta net index php health safety 2013 02 20 23 22 17 United Teachers of Los Angeles 40 000 teachers and staff 2013 http ehtrust org la teachers union passes resolution to ensure safety from hazardous electromagnetic fields emf in schools including emf emissions from wireless technology UTLA passed the following motion by a sweeping majority I move that UTLA will abide by current National NEA Policy for Environmentally Safe Schools which states that all employees and stakeholders should be informed when there are changes in their exposure to environmental hazards including electromagnetic radiation and that all stakeholders and the public should be notified of any actual and potential hazards UTLA will advocate for technological solutions that maintain technology upgrades while not increasing employees exposure to electromagnetic radiation The Ontario English Catholic Teachers Association 37 000 teachers 2012 A position regarding the use of Non lonizing Electromagnetic Radiation including WiFi in the workplace Summary 1 We do not know what the long term effects of low level non ionizing radiation are on those who are exposed workers and s
10. epth analysis of health issues resulting from the use of WiFi in schools http ssita org uk wp content uploads 2014 01 SSITA response January 2014 pdf The True Face of 21st Century Learning How education became a tool for corporate profits http www policyalternatives ca sites default files uploads publications National 20Office 2013 02 o0sos110_21stCent uryLearning_0O pdf Petition at Avaaz Stop exposing children to radiation from WiFi and 4G in schools till proven harmless https secure avaaz org en petition The_members_of_the_European_Commission_European_Parliament_Stop_exp osing_children_to_radiation_from_WiFi_and_4G_until_pr pv 7 The American Academy of Pediatrics AAP just updated their policy statement on media usage American Ac ad emy by children and youth The new policy statement offers recommendations for parents of P ediatrics DEDICATED TO THE HEALTH OF ALL CHILDREN e Parents can model effective media diets to help their children learn to be selective and healthy in what they consume Take an active role in children s media education by co viewing programs with them and discussing values e Make a media use plan including mealtime and bedtime curfews for media devices Screens should be kept out of kids bedrooms e Limit entertainment screen time to less than one or two hours per day in children under 2 discourage screen media exposure Read more http www aap org en us about the aap a
11. exposure since children are typically more sensitive and there is currently a lack of scientific information regarding the potential health impacts of cellphones on children Health Canada advises the following Limit the length of cellphone calls replace cellphone calls with text messages or use hands free devices and encourage children under the age of 18 to limit their cell phone usage Just as we would not put an actively transmitting cellphone against a child s head for hours a day we should not put an actively transmitting iPad against the reproductive organ or other parts of a child s body for hours a day 900 blasts of radiofrequency per hour When the WiFi antenna in an iPad is turned on it emits a burst of radiofrequency approximately every four seconds That makes 900 blasts per hour in the child s hands on his lap or at his face This does not include any additional data signals resulting from uploading and downloading activities Moreover the blasts at four second intervals occur even when the user is not accessing the Internet In other words even if a child is only using the iPad to draw or to play a game he still receives 900 blasts an hour as long as the WiFi antenna is left on Between 2008 and 2011 the European Union Parliament and the Council of Europe passed multiple resolutions against the early ill considered and prolonged use of mobiles and other devices emitting microwaves Many medical associ
12. fo pdf Go to EHS Parents page The Sooke School District 62 BC has denied the appeal of three young children with an environmental intolerance medically known as electromagnetic hypersensitivity EHS EHS is caused by exposure to Wi Fi wireless internet and other devices emitting microwave radio frequency radiation Symptoms commonly associated with microwave sickness include headaches fast heart rate chest pain dizziness nausea concentration and memory problems anxiety sleep disorders extreme fatigue tremors reoccurring infection impaired immune function skin rash facial flushing abdominal pain nosebleeds ringing in the ears and more Since there is currently NO school in Sooke that is free of Wi Fi networks these children have been forced to leave not only their respective schools but the district as well The parents have formally brought the issue forward without success to every level within the school system Despite their doctors written requests for the children to avoid Wi Fi emissions their medical circumstances have been consistently ignored and denied by the school district At this time the parents are appealing their district s decision to the BC Ministry of Education so that their children will be able to return to school There is no place for discrimination in schools and a safe learning environment is a right afforded to all Canadian children In order to prevent the onset of specific EHS sym
13. form of pulsed microwave similar to cellphone and DECT cordless phones Pulsed microwave digital signal has sharp spikes in its waveform 2 AM FM radio is one way transmission with the listeners at the receiving end only iPad antennas on the other hand work in constant two way communication iPad is not only a receiver but also a transmitter of pulsed microwave The user of an iPad on wireless mode is in direct or close contact with the pulsed microwave signal at its source which is the strongest Typical Digital Signal Typical Analogue Signal Digital pulses Peak Peak Peak Continuous waveform Graphic adapted from EMfields Reference for this article http goo gl AHE1Z For more information on wireless radiation its health effects and scientific basis and video of RF measurements please visit the following websites www safeinschool org www wiredchild org www citizensforsafetechnology org TheGreenGazette Solutions for living green and achieving self sufficiency https interactivepdf uniflip com 2 60627 289518 pub Lisa Bland Publisher Editor in Chief info thegreengazette ca Download this article in a flyer format http citizensforsafetechnology org uploads scribd iPads are they safe for children Flyer pdf More Health and Safety Warnings from the iPad User Manual Seizures Blackouts and Eyestrain Asmall percentage of people may be susceptible to blackouts or seizures even if they have never had one before when exp
14. iation Canadian Teachers Federation over 200 000 teachers across Canada 2013 Recommendations e That Safety Code 6 include a recommendation for prudent use of Wi Fi whenever possible including the recommendation to limit consistent exposure in schools by turning off wireless access points when not in use e That Safety Code 6 exposure thresholds be based upon both thermal and biological effects of exposure to Wi Fi e That the Expert Panel recommend an education program regarding the relative safety of Wi Fi exposure and that appropriate resources be developed to educate the public regarding ways to avoid potential exposure risks of Wi Fi access points and devices http www ctf fce ca Research Library BrieftoExpertpanel pdf Elementary Teacher s Federation of Ontario over 76 000 teachers 2013 ETFO s adopted resolutions That ETFO study the impact of non ionizing electromagnetic radiation including the possible implications for schools and members with a report with recommendations to the February 2014 Representative Council Rationale There are growing health and safety concerns regarding the widespread use of technologies which produce and emit non ionizing electromagnetic radiation It is estimated that over one million Canadians have an environmental sensitivity to this radiation and experience serious physical and biological effects As has been the case with other known societal health dangers the health effects of lo
15. iculty is that once installed in schools they are switched on constantly Whether the children are using them or not they are exposed to that level of radiation Voice has advocated that new wi fi systems should not be installed in schools that existing systems should be turned off when not required and that schools should consider whether they really need to use wi fi which was developed to facilitate Internet access on the move rather than to be used as a convenient alternative to cables in dedicated IT facilities UK ATL Association of Teachers and Lecturers more than 160 000 members 2009 http www telegraph co uk education educationnews 5125161 Wifi in school should be stopped say teachers html UK PAT Professional Association of Teachers 35 000 members 2007 http www telegraph co uk news uknews 1549419 Teachers voice fears of Wi Fi health risk html Germany GEW Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft Education and Science Workers Union 260 000 members 2003 http t co EQaUodrq7W 2006 hitp t co 7 SOgOWoPkN k k k k 2013 Members of 5 major unions in France which represented workers of the following large corporations and organizations protested to demand reduction of electromagnetic radiation in their work place http www 20minutes fr ledirect 1096131 appel syndicalistes reduire ondes travail The Bank of France France Telecom Orange L Or al Cosmetics giant The City of Paris RATP Autonomous Opera
16. ng term exposure to this radiation may not be known for some time Widespread exposure to wireless communication devices and infrastructure in Ontario schools can be a potential workplace hazard Further study is needed to ensure the safety of members That ETFO through OTF lobby the Ministry of Education the Ministry or Labour and the Ministry of Health to ensure that school boards 1 Follow the Right to Know legislation under the Ontario s Occupational Health and Safety Act by clearly labelling the location Of Wi Fi access points 2 Develop a hazard control program related to wireless microwave radiation through the Joint Health and Safety Committee JHSC http annualmeeting ca wp content uploads 2013 07 Session 71 pdf 1 amp 17 British Columbia Teachers Federation 41 000 public school teachers 2013 BCTF adopted resolution to protect teachers health The BCTF supports members who are suffering from electromagnetic hypersensitivity by ensuring that their medical needs are accommodated in the workplace Greater Victoria Teachers Association 1 500 teachers 2013 The GVTA recommends a precautionary approach to the School District with regard to provision of wireless internet in schools The precautionary approach comes from the environmental movement and has been adopted as common practice in areas regarding potential environmental ecological or biodiversity damage It suggests that the lack of significant evi
17. osed to flashing lights or light patterns such as when playing games or watching video If you have experienced seizures or blackouts or have a family history of such occurrences you should consult a physician before playing games or watching videos on your iPad Discontinue use of iPad and consult a physician if you experience headaches blackouts seizures convulsion eye or muscle twitching loss of awareness involuntary movement or disorientation To reduce risk of headaches blackouts seizures and eyestrain avoid prolonged use hold iPad some distance from your eyes use iPad in a well lit room and take frequent breaks Glass Parts The outside cover of the iPad screen is made of glass This glass could break if iPad is dropped on a hard surface or receives a substantial impact If the glass chips or cracks do not touch or attempt to remove the broken glass and stop using iPad Glass cracked due to misuse or abuse is not covered under the warranty Radio Frequency Interference Radio frequency emissions from electronic equipment can negatively affect the operation of other electronic equipment causing them to malfunction the wireless transmitters and electrical circuits in iPad Wi Fi 3G may cause interference in other electronic equipment Therefore please take the following precautions Aircraft Use of iPad may be prohibited while traveling in aircraft For more information about using Airplane Mode to turn off the iPad wireless t
18. ptoms the children s parents are asking that their school board provide them with one school in their district that is free of wireless radiation This would necessitate the use of hardwired communications within that school to make phone calls and to access the Internet It is important to note that in May of 2012 in order to accommodate children with EHS and to provide choice for parents who want to heed health warnings to reduce exposure for children who are most vulnerable the BC Confederation of Parent Advisory Councils BCCPAC called for a moratorium on Wi Fi in schools and for a minimum of one school in each district at each level to be free of Wi Fi BCCPAC Resolutions http Awww bccpac bc ca resolutions wi fi classrooms committee report http www bccpac bc ca resolutions parent choice regarding exposure emf emissions src safety wi fi committee School districts continue to ignore these resolutions and the voices of many concerned parents We are asking now for your support An attorney specializing in this field has been engaged to represent the concerned families in this appeal process The projected cost of legal fees is estimated at 5 000 Your donations will help to fund this important legal challenge Children in many parts of Canada are faced with this same injustice If accommodation is achieved in this case through this appeal process it will be precedent setting for other school districts in B C and Canada CHRC Report
19. ransmitters see the iPad User Guide Vehicles Radio frequency emissions from iPad may affect electronic systems in motor vehicles Check with the manufacturer or its representative regarding your vehicle Pacemakers The Health Industry Manufacturers Association recommends that a minimum separation of 15 cm 6 inches be maintained between a handheld wireless phone and a pacemaker to avoid potential interference with the pacemaker Persons with pacemakers Should always keep iPad more than 15 cm 6 inches from the pacemaker when the wireless device is turned on If you have any reason to suspect that interference is taking place turn iPad off immediately press and hold the Sleep Wake button and then slide the onscreen slider Other Medical Devices If you use any other personal medical device consult the device manufacturer or your physician to determine if it is adequately shielded from radio frequency emissions from iPad Health Care Facilities Hospitals and health care facilities may use equipment that is particularly sensitive to external radio frequency emissions Turn iPad off when staff or posted signs instruct you to do so Blasting Areas and Posted Facilities To avoid interfering with blasting operations turn off iPad when in a blasting area or in areas posted Turn off two way radio Obey all signs and instructions Read more http manuals info apple com MANUALS 1000 MA1562 en_US iPad_iOS4_Important_Product_In
20. rding the potential hazards and prudent avoidance control measures regarding the presence of non ionizing radiation WiFi in the workplace such that they may exercise their powers as established under S 9 18 the Occupational Health and Safety Act OHSA IV OECTA post this position paper on the OECTA website http www oecta on ca wps wcm connect 6a665c0049fedbee8591 9db62552ca8d WiFipositionpaper2 pdf MOD AJPERES UK Voice The Union for Education Professionals 20 000 members http Awww voicetheunion org uk index cfm cid 495 2009 http blog voicetheunion org uk p 1097 2013 In the last few years there has been a great weight of evidence from around the world which suggests that exposure to electromagnetic radiation can have long term health impacts particularly on children and that exposing young children from birth to 12 to electromagnetic radiation EMR can produce changes in cell formation genetic changes and potential cancers Exposure levels are only half the story length of exposure is crucial too Long exposures at lower intensity levels may be as damaging as high exposure levels for short periods hence our concern about wireless networks in schools and nurseries It is a considerable concern that in schools we are installing wi fi systems and we have no clear evidence that they are safe Our concern is that until they are declared to be safe and proven to be safe we should not be installing them in schools The diff
21. safeinschool or http www safeinschool org g Is Wi Fi Safe for Children Beware of Health Risks EdTech companies keep pushing for MORE wireless in classrooms saying RF EMF is safe when official agencies lack long term data of health impact from exposure on children jiii All these unions below have done their research about the health risks of WiFi and cellphones and are fighting to protect the health of their adult members in the workplace TT N Why would school boards choose to increase the exposure to school children What kind of liabilities are school boards prepared to bear for knowingly putting children under unnecessary and involuntary exposure to an IARC Class 2B Possible Carcinogen United Federation of Teachers 200 000 teachers and educational professionals in New York City 2014 Advisory Wireless radiation is emitted by the myriad of wireless devices we encounter every day It was once thought to be relatively harmless However we now know that wireless radiation can cause non thermal biological effects as well including damage to cells and DNA even at low levels Reducing Your Exposure to Wireless Radiation Some tips to reduce your exposure to wireless radiation What You Need to Know About Wireless Radiation and Your Baby Taking certain precautions around wireless radiation is appropriate for our most vulnerable populations including pregnant women http www uft org our rights wireless rad
22. tor of Parisian Transports a state owned public transport operation Geodis A leading Transport and Logistics company in Europe The Biblioth que Nationale de France National Library of France 6 min Video Dr Martin Pall to Portland Public Schools Board Excellent presentation on WiFi s hazardous effects by Dr Martin Pall Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry and Basic Chemical Sciences at Washington State University recipient of multiple honours and researcher Merry Callahan Video http www youtube com watch v HCAyPMVuJHY C V http www ncnm edu images CE Pall_CV pdf 4 min Video Dr Anthony Miller to Toronto City Council Dr Anthony Miller Professor Emeritus at University of Toronto s School of Public Health renowned epidemiologist recently presented to the Toronto City Council that classification of the cancer causing property of cellphone WiFi cordless phone s non ionizing radiation should be upgraded from 2B Possibly Carcinogenic to 2A Probably Carcinogenic He emphasized the importance of Prudent Avoidance Video http www youtube com watch v wARxnaxrRKk Bio http Awww disph utoronto ca faculty profile anthony b miller UCLA Study Found Children at Higher Risk of Headache if they used cellphones or if their mothers used cellphones while pregnant with them http Awww prlog org 12269207 cell phone use and prenatal exposure to cell phone radiation may cause headaches in children html UK Expert Report In d
23. tudents No form of radiation can be deemed safe as it depends on the constitution of the individual exposed the amount of exposure as well as a sufficient amount of time to pass to observe any health effects that have a long latency period i e cancer 2 The WHO has classified low level non ionizing radiation in the microwave band associated with celluar phones as a class 2b carcinogen possible carcinogen and Health Canada has warned about limiting the use of handheld personal electronic equipment such as cellular phones among youth Initializing WiFi for personal electronic equipment will result in an unpredictable exposure as use varies 3 Asegment of the population are environmentally sensitive a disability according to the Canadian Human Rights Commission to low level non ionizing radiation and may experience immediate physical biological reactions when exposed 4 Employers including School Boards have the duty to accommodate persons with disabilities including that of electro hypersensitivity A widespread investment in a redundant WiFi network may limit the ability to reduce WiFi exposure thereby accommodating workers with an electro hypersensitivity disability 5 The safety of this technology has not thoroughly been researched and therefore the precautionary principle and prudent avoidance of exposure should be practiced 6 The purposeful introduction of non ionizing radiation transmitters such as WiFi into the work place is
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