Sky Quality Meter Lens Ethernet SQM
Contents
1. Problem SQM Reader version 1 2 and earlier while reports reading errors while the Java updater utility correctly reports text strings Cause Regional settings in Windows may be set for the European standard for decimal separators as commas instead of periods Solution Upgrade to a newer version of SQM Reader by Knightware or modify your regional settings to use periods as the decimal point separators Revision 1 17 Page 37 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 12 Company contact information Mailing address Unihedron 4 Lawrence Avenue Grimsby Ontario L3M 2L9 Canada Telephone 905 945 1197 Fax 905 945 6770 Website unihedron com Email info unihedron com Revision 1 17 Page 38 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 13 Glossary DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP is a network application protocol used by devices DHCP clients to obtain configuration information for operation in an IP network Routers equipped with DHCP are capable of assigning an IP address to the SQM LE EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory is a type of memory that retains its contents after the power has been removed This type of memory has a limited write erase cycle as well as a lifetime for data retention In the SQM LE the parameters in the micro controll2. More than one SQM LE may be placed on the network each will have its own IP address It is desirable for the SQM LE to have a fixed IP address so that accessing from the OPC is consistent Fixed IP addressing can be assigned using a DHCP router capable of fixing IP addresses to MAC addresses The SQM LE MAC address can be identified with the Lantronix Device Installer software it is also printed on the Ethernet interface inside the SQM LE Another method of assigning an IP address of the SQM LE is to use the Lantronix Device installer software or Telnet into the SQM LE and follow the Lantronix instructions in the document Xport_User Guide pdf provided with the SQM LE Ethernet Hub switch Illustration 3 Hub switch connection Revision 1 17 Page 6 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 3 2 Wireless connection wireless client bridge It is possible to communicate with an SQM LE using a so called wireless client bridge In this situation the PC either acts like an access point if ir has this capability or is connected to one by a regular ethernet patch cable The Linksys WRT54GL may be flashed with free open source firmware from http www dd wrt com and configured either as the wireless access point or the wireless client bridge Wireless Router Wireless Router Illustration 4 Wireless client bridge connection Revision 1 17 Page 7 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron
3. Revision 1 17 Page 33 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 10 Calibration The SQM is factory calibrated and a sheet of the calibration values was provided Contact Unihedron with your unit s MAC address if you need a copy of the original calibration sheet Some possible reasons for recalibration are 1 Anew covering housing is being used besides the small case that the unit was shipped with 2 Aregular maintenance program is desired There is no great need for this as the SQM has no analog components 3 Compensation for aged housing if a plastic dome is used that might have degraded over time 4 Replaced lens or changed field of view for experimental reasons 1 2 Light calibration The sensor must have a reference point for an amount of light against the signal produced It is not recommended that this be done after factory calibration and relied upon since an improper setup will result in non standard results A fluorescent light is used to simulate the spectrum that the meter would see during the night sky A light meter is used to adjust the light reading to 13 5 fc at the place of the SQM The light calibration routine inside the SQM expects to see this value The light that the SQM and light meter see must be coming from an evenly lit surface The light calibration command can be sent to the unlocked SQM to set the calibration value 1 3 Dark calibration The optical sensor in the SQM produ
4. PAHHHH AAA Set period in seconds for interval reporting to EEPROM and RAM for booting and immediate use Firmware feature 13 DHH HHHHHFEX Set period in seconds for interval reporting to RAM for immediate use Firmware feature 13 THHHHHHEEEX Set threshold in mag arcsec for interval reporting only to EEPROM and RAM for booting and immediate use Firmware feature 13 tHHHHHHHEX Set threshold in mag arcsec for interval reporting only to RAM for immediate use Firmware feature 13 Ix Request interval settings note upper case I Firmware feature 13 Table 2 Command summary Revision 1 17 Page 11 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 Response details 5 2 1 Reading request The Reading request rx or Rx commands the SQM LE to provide the current darkness value as well as all variables used to generate that result The format of the response is 0 r Indicates that a reading is being returned 2 8 06 70m Reading in magnitudes per square arc second Leading space for positive value Leading negative sign for negative value A reading of O 00m means that the light at the sensor has reached the upper brightness limit of the unit 10 21 0000022921Hz Frequency of sensor in Hz 23 33 Q000000020Cc Period of sensor in counts counts occur at a rate of 460 8 kHz 14 7456MHz 32 35 46 0000000 000s Period of sensor in seconds with mil
5. Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 The Default Gateway field may be left blank Press OK at the bottom then Apply Settings on the menu of the left side of the page and the unit will apply the settings and reboot in about 15 seconds Since you may have changed the IP address the web browser will not respond unless you browse to the new address The unit is now ready for connection into a non DHCP system or a direct connection system with a crossover cable Revision 1 17 Page 9 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 4 Software development While many languages can be used to connect to the SQM LE a Java example is provided because of its portability You can modify the Java interface program yourself using the free Sun Java Development Kit JDK SDK which be downloaded from the Sun Microsystems web site A simple Java utility is directly installed on the SQM LE which produces all necessary SQM LE data You can browse to http xxx xxx xxx xxx test html to see this You will need at least the following version of Java installed on your computer and accessible by your browser Java Runtime Environment 5 for Windows JRE 1 5 0 to be compatible with older Mac installations To run the Java code from the command line after installing the JDK you must make sure that the javac exe and java exe executables are accessible from the PATH in DOS The java code java must be compiled se
6. 14 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 4 Dark calibration command Dark Calibration is done at the factory along with Light calibration and calibration temperature recording Executing the dark calibration command zca1Bx arms the dark calibration mode Flipping the switch triggers the dark calibration and modifies the calibration values in the unit Dark calibration is performed in a completely dark environment Check a reading to ensure that the period is correct after entering the dark environment it could take a few minutes to collect an accurate dark period A dark period of only a few seconds is too small The format of the response is 0 Z Calibration response is being returned B Dark Calibration 2 a Armed 3 L L Locked Wait for unlock before calibrating after Arm command firmware upgrades are disabled U Unlocked Calibrate immediately after Arm command Enable firmware upgrade 4 5 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed 0x0a Table 6 Dark calibration response An example is zBaL 012345 Revision 1 17 Page 15 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 5 Disarm calibration command The Disarm calibration command zca1Dx disarms calibration modes from being triggered by the unlock mode The format of the response is 0 Z Calibration response is being returned xX All calibration modes 2 d Disa
7. Cause Ethernet interface did not properly negotiate an IP address when starting up Solution 1 Re cycle power on SQM LE so that its Ethernet port can re negotiate an IP address 2 Use the Lantronix Device Installer program under Windows supplied on CD as DI_4 2 0 0 exe This will identify all SQM LE units on the attached network 3 It is possible that a firewall may be running especially on Windows Vista Try shutting off the firewall temporarily Problem Error 404 when trying to reconfigure Ethernet port using the web interface Cause The interface pages may have been overwritten by a tftp put to the wrong remotefile The default XPort Ethernet reconfiguration web interface occupies at least 3 blocks of 64k WEB1 WEB4 WEBS 6 could be used for custom application pages like test html which take up to 128K Solution Get the web interface from Lantronix for the XPort 03 then install using the following tftp command for Windows tftp i lt ip adress gt put xpt webm 1602 cob WEB1 for Linux using tftp hpa tftp lt ip adress gt m binary c put xpt webm 1602 cob WEB1 Problem Unit can be pinged but readings are not returned Cause The default communication settings between the XPort micro controller may have been changed Solution Check section 8 Default settings for proper baud rate etc Revision 1 17 Page 36 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual
8. Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 7 Manually set light calibration offset Calibration is done at the factory however in the case where calibration values must be restored or set to something else this command allows a new calibration value to be placed into the SQM LE Executing the command zcal5 x manually sets the light calibration offset to the magnitudes value specified in 4444444 The units are OOO arcsecond The format of the response is 0 Z Calibration response is being returned 5 Manual Set Light Calibration Offset 4 15 00000017 60m Value that was set into EEPROM 16 17 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed 0x0a Table 9 Response for manual setting of light calibration offset An example is z 5 00000017 60m Revision 1 17 Page 18 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 8 Manually set light calibration temperature Calibration is done at the factory however in the case where calibration values must be restored or set to something else this command allows a new calibration value to be placed into the SQM LE Executing the command zcalo t x manually sets the light calibration temperature to the value specified in The units are C Note The SQM LE records the temperature in a raw value with different resolution so the reply back may not be exactly the
9. has reached the upper brightness limit of the unit 10 21 0000022921Hz Frequency of sensor in Hz 23 33 Q000000020Cc Period of sensor in counts counts occur at a rate of 460 8 kHz 14 7456MHz 32 35 46 0000000 000s Period of sensor in seconds with millisecond resolution 48 54 039 4C Temperature measured at light sensor in degrees C Leading space for positive value Leading negative sign for negative value 55 63 00000413 Serial number 8 digits Each unit has its own unique serial number 64 65 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed Ox0a Table 13 Interval report An example is r 06 70m 0000022921Hz 0000000020c 0000000 000s 039 4C 00000413 0123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 12345 Revision 1 17 Page 22 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual Interval reporting is available for sending timed reports to a listening server in the case where the SQM LE IP address will not be known but the server IP address will be fixed One such application is where an SQM LE is connected via a telephone cell phone based router to an Internet Service Provider The server must have listening software running similar to the following usr bin perl use I0 Socket while 1 my Ssock new IO Socket INET LocalHost gt 192 168 1 145 IP address of this computer server LocalPort gt 10002 Port defined by XPor
10. high ambient temperatures For remote applications a deep cycle Lead Acid 6VDC battery can be used The SQM LE unit is NOT protected against over voltage above 20V or reverse polarity voltage 7 Mechanical installation Unihedron sells an enclosure that is suitable for mounting either the SQM LE or SQM LU into You can read more about it including plans to build your own here http unihedron com projects sqmhousing Illustration 7 Housing 7 1 Cover selection If the unit is to be mounted in exposed location we recommend an acrylic dome Acrylic domes will last 2 3 years but eventually weather on the surface It is not clear that this will affect the reading much The best test would be to swap a weathered and new one back and forth when changing one out Presumably the main consideration would be to keep the domes clean every so often and to make sure that the mounting plane is painted black to that it doesn t reflect light back to the inside of the dome and then back into the meter Source of Acrylic domes http www globalplastics ca domes htm 7 2 Cover calibration Since the SQM LE is not weather proof it must be protected in some way from the elements A plastic dome is recommended This may reduce the incoming light by about 15 20 Because a covering will reduce the incoming light the resultant reading will be darker higher Revision 1 17 Page 26 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users ma
11. range 40 C to 85 C Temperature sensor range 40 C to 125 C measures temperature at light sensor Temperature Accuracy 2 C maximum at 25 C Temperature update rate 4 3 seconds 256 samples taken at 60Hz then averaged Firmware upgrade lock switch sl aE Up Unlocked position Down Locked position i y Unihedran Power supply Ethernet connection connection Illustration 2 Back of unit Revision 1 17 Page 4 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 3 Hardware connections The SQM LE requires two connections power data The power connection is made with the supplied AC Adaptor North America 120VAC 5VDC desired CUI EPS050100 P6P 6VDC optional CUI EPSO60100 P7P International 240VAC 5VDC desired CUI EMSQ50120 P5P SZ 6VDC optional CUI EMS060100 P5P SZ Table 1 AC to DC adaptors Revision 1 17 Page 5 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 3 1 Hub Switch connection The Ethernet hub switch connection is probably the most common method for connecting the SQM LE into your system An Ethernet hub switch is used to connect the SQM LE to the same subnet as the PC which accesses it The SQM LE can serve one TCP connection at a time So once a TCP connection is made with the PC software no other PCs can access that SQM LE The TCP connection must be released before other PCs can access it
12. should be extended The Inactivity timeout should not exceed the interval time otherwise the unit may lock out other communications requests If this occurs you can recover by way of the Lantronix device installer or Lantronix web interface by typing the SQM LE IP address into a web browser hit enter on user name password Then set the Channe11 Connection Disconnect Mode Inactivity Timeout 0 2 mins secs then press OK then Apply Settings If the Inactivity timeout is too short a telephone modem connection system may not have enough time to send the message before the XPort gives up If the Inactivity timeout is too long then a telephone modem connection may stay active all the time resulting in excessive connection costs 5 2 11 2 Interval reporting period setting Executing the command P x note upper case P sets the period of the timed interval reports to the EEPROM and RAM for booting and immediate use Executing the command p x note lower case p sets the period of the timed interval reports to RAM only for immediate use The units are seconds For example p0000000360x sets the reporting time to once every 360 seconds Revision 1 17 Page 24 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 11 3 Threshold setting for interval reporting Executing the command T i X note upper case T sets the threshold of the timed interval rep
13. source o web1 cob C gt tftp i XXX XXX XXX XXX PUT web webl cob WEB1 Note replacing WEB1 will overwrite the Ethernet Web reconfiguration pages consider using WEB6 if you want to retain the existing pages on the XPort Ethernet interface More details for installing your own web page and Java software can be found at the Lantronix website in their FAQ titled Web Enabling Your Serial Device Revision 1 17 Page 28 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 9 Firmware upgrade 9 1 Obtain update 1 Visit unihedron com projects sqm le cd 2 You should see a list of files The updates have names like SQMLEUPDATE 3 3 xx zip 3 Download the most recent version with highest number in filename select save link as or save target as 9 2 Install update 1 Uncompress the zip file that you downloaded into a directory If you are using Windows XP the file may already have been uncompressed automatically into a folder on your desktop 9 3 Preparing the SQM LE for firmware update 1 Ensure that the unit is unlocked switch in unlock position up or on older units the jumper must be installed at back of unit 2 Make sure you know what IP address the SQM LE occupies use the Lantronix device installer software if necessary available at http unihedron com projects sqm le Revision 1 17 Page 29 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 9 4 Run update 1 Using
14. specification 1 15 Addition of Unihedron housing description 1 16 Addition of calibration description Add troubleshooting note about Windows firewall 1 17 Addition of Rx command for unit serial number included in report string 14 2 Protocol revision history 3 Initial product release 4 Interval report reading includes serial number at end Revision 1 17 Page 40 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 14 3 Feature revision history 9 Initial product release 10 Power up default reset for command busy 11 Ability to manually sett calibration values 12 Temperature averaging added 13 Interval report feature added 14 Interval report includes serial number 16 Rx report includes serial number Revision 1 17 Page 41 Last modified Feb 10 2010
15. 31 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual Pressing the Load Firmware button sets the Interval period in RAM to 0 to prevent the SQM LE from sending reports out and polluting the receive buffer After the firmware has been loaded successfully the SQM LE restarts the micro controller and sets the RAM value to the EEPROM value So you should confirm that all your Interval settings as you wish after any firmware installation Revision 1 17 Page 32 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 9 5 Details The SQM LE microcontroller is equipped with a bootloader mechanism which is enabled within a few seconds after reboot reset Intel hex strings sent to the unit will be used to overwrite program memory The following link contains a thorough description of the Intel Hex format http en wikipedia org wiki hex The included Java updater application can be examined for operation The basic requirements for firmware uploading are 1 Reset microcontroller by sending the hex character 0x19 2 Within a few seconds send the first Intel hex record The colon character indicates the beginning of an Intel Hex record 3 Wait for a response of Ok followed by CR LF which indicates that the record was processed properly 4 Continue sending records and waiting for the acknowledgement The unit will reset on its own when no more records have been sent for a few seconds
16. 71M Offset of light sensor based on manufacturing category 49 55 039 4C Temperature in degrees C measured during dark calibration Leading space for positive value Leading negative sign for negative value 56 57 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed Ox0a Table 4 Calibration information request response An example is c 00000017 60m 0000000 000s 039 4C 00000008 71m 039 4C 0123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 1234567 Revision 1 17 Page 13 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 3 Light calibration command Calibration of the SQM LE is done at the factory in a controlled light and temperature environment Executing the Light calibration command zcalAx arms the light calibration mode Flipping the switch to unlock triggers the light calibration and modifies the calibration values in the unit A calibrated light source of approximately 13 5fc is supplied to the sensor The format of the response is 0 Z Indicates that a Calibration response is being returned Light Calibration 2 a armed 3 L L Locked Wait for unlock before calibrating after Arm command firmware upgrades are disabled U Unlocked Calibrate immediately after Arm command Enable firmware upgrade 4 5 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed 0x0a Table 5 Light calibration response An example is zAaL 012345 Revision 1 17 Page
17. SQM LE Users manual 3 3 More than one SQM LE If more than one SQM LE is required to be accessed on one subnet from another subnet your router may be able to be configured for port forwarding to each SQM LE Normally port 10001 is used That default port can be changed using either the Lantronix Device Installer software or by Telnet into port 9999 On the LAN side the SQM LEs can be addressed like so SQM 1 192 168 1 132 10001 SQM 2 192 168 1 133 10001 SQM 3 192 168 1 134 10001 SQM 4 192 168 1 135 10001 If the router is has a dynamic DNS address of sqmcity dyndns org then these same SQM LEs could be accessed from the Internet in the following way provided the port forwarding shown in the image was adopted SQM 1 sqmcity dyndns org 10001 SQM 2 sqmcity dyndns org 10002 SQM 3 sqmcity dyndns org 10003 SQM 4 sqmcity dyndns org 10004 a DD WRT CONTROL PANEL tup T f ct A Re ct Applications amp Gaming Port Range Forwarding Port Forwarding Port Triggering UPnP DMZ QoS Forwards Port Forward Certain applications may require to open specific ports in order for it to function correctly Examples of these applications include servers and certain online games When a request for a certain port comes in from the Internet the router will route the data to the computer you specify Due to security concerns you may want to limit port forwarding to only those ports you are using and uncheck the Enable checkbox after you are f
18. Sky Quality Meter Lens Ethernet SQM LE User manual Unihedron SQM LE Users manual Table of Contents Theory Of Operational diab cata asian ain anode 3 Ved QUICK Start e E E coves TET E O8es acs Lasse a nek E E eae T A E Doleesat 3 Specifications o e S 4 AA O O EE E EE E EE E EE 5 Sul Hu b Switeh connections nsee sisisi o i td lo 6 3 2 Wireless connection wireless Client DIIdge oooncccnnncccnoncccnoncccnoncncnoncnonnnnnononcnononononnnocnnnnncnnnnccnns 7 39 Mote than one OM a abia 8 JA Direct AA de Eo dd 9 A Software AE PM cas 10 2 Commands and resp ns Sk nia ae ibas 11 5 COMMANA A A A A KEA e E Sle 11 D2 RESPONSE AT iS ose sans NS Al 12 2 Reading PU e e a a ees oe oes 12 5 2 2 Calibration information request c tssscsasecvcsvetsdevetersvsacsisdiversaavesacaide seaesaaeavageasoesadeassabeesesedeaes 13 5 23 Eight calibrat ON O a ae 14 5 2 ADD AT calibration command nee r give os de Oude E ln cap ade econ a 15 5 2 5 Disarm calibration COM acido a diaria deidad 16 52 A idea E e E Diadains sual ture cea cate sade R 17 5 2 7 Manually set light calibration Oo o eases 18 5 2 8 Manually set light calibration temperature e cc ceescecesscecssececesececeeeeeceeeeeceeeeecseeesseeeeesaes 19 5 2 9 Manually set dark calibration time Pperiod cece eeeeceessececesececeeeeecsteeeceeeeeneeeesaeeeenaeeeenas 20 5 2 10 Manually set dark calibration teMperature oooococnnococnoncccnoncnononanonononcnnncnonnncno
19. ces a reading even when totally dark This dark level reading must be determined so that the meter can compensate for it The method of dark calibration is simply to prevent any light from entering the meter then execute a dark calibration command to the unit A darkroom bag is one way to prevent light from entering the unit The optical sensor provides timed pulses depending on the amount of light entering In a dark environment the pulses will be long The meter has a timeout of 300 seconds so the dark calibration will take at least 5 minutes 300 seconds to perform Place the unit in a dark environment and monitor the timed readings rx reading request consistent normally the value is in the 80 300second range Execute the dark calibration command Revision 1 17 Page 34 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 1 4 Confirmation Once the calibration has been done you should be able to get a light reading from the unit at the calibration light level of the same value as the value printed on your calibration sheet in the Calibration offset field Normally this field has a value of 8 71 mags arcsec Revision 1 17 Page 35 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 11 Troubleshooting Communication Check connection lights on SQM LE Ethernet port Reading too bright too hot inspect lens for IR filter Problem Unit will not respond to ping or any network activity
20. e Makefile for method Only one connection can be made to the SOM LE at a time Therefore leaving a connection open constantly prevents other connections from being made Interface Program overview ATCP connection must be made directly to the IP address assigned to the SQM LE The default port of access is 10001 Data commands are sent to the SQM LE and it responds with a string of characters Revision 1 17 Page 10 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 Commands and responses The SQM LE accepts a sequence of characters as a command then executes those commands and usually provides a response of a sequence of characters 5 1 Commands Commands consist of a string of characters The first character is the command type rx Reading request Rx Reading request with serial number listed CX Calibration information request ix Unit information request note lower case 1 zcalAx Arm Light Calibration command zcalBx Arm Dark Calibration command zcalDx Disarm Calibration command zcal5 x Manually Set Light Calibration Offset zcal6 x Manually Set Light Calibration Temperature zcal7 x Manually Set Dark Calibration Time Period zcal8 x Manually Set Dark Calibration Temperature 0x19 Reset microcontroller see bootloader Hexadecimal value 19 Intel Hex firmware upgrade initiation see bootloader
21. er can be written 1 million times and last for 100 years SQM LE Sky Quality Meter with lens and Ethernet connectivity IP address Internet Protocol address is the numerical identification of a device on a network The SQM LE by default has an assignable IP address but can also be set to have a fixed IP address MAC address Media Access Control address is the hardware address assigned to Ethernet enabled devices This address is usually unchangeable Revision 1 17 Page 39 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 14 AppendixA Revision history 14 1 Manual Revision history 1 0 Initial product release 1 1 Added Company contact information 1 2 Added image of unit back exterior 1 3 Added instructions for manually setting calibration values 1 4 Corrected string length description of manual set calibration values 1 5 Update specifications with more details 1 6 Clarify instrument precision specification 1 7 Added some troubleshooting tips 1 8 Added troubleshooting on decimal separator 1 9 Addition of Interval reporting commands for firmware feature 13 1 10 Update Java usage instructions for firmware loading 1 11 Added notes about Load Firmware actions with Interval reporting RAM settings 1 12 Added Quick Start section 1 13 Added Interval reporting serial number 1 14 Added operating temperature range
22. ing settings Actual value Set Light Calibration Offset oo Interval time to EEPROM and RAM Set Light Calibration Temperature m Interval time to RAM Set Dark Calibration Time period 3 i Threshold to EEPROM and RAM L J Set Dark Calibration Temperature m Threshold time to RAM Note See calibration sheet for original settings Illustration 9 Java updater screen Click on the line in device found list where the MAC number matches your SQM LE MAC as defined on the back of the unit Press the PING button You should get xxx xxx xxx xxx is reachable if not then the unit is not accessible to your computer check the connection and retry the Ping button To ensure that you are connected to an SQM LE try the Reading button An SQM LE will respond with a string of characters as defined in the reading section anything else will time out with no response Pressing the Disarm button will report if the unit is Locked or Unlocked A U as the final character indicates Unlocked and ready for firmware uploads ex result zxdU When you are ready to load the firmware into the unit press the Load Firmware button You will see the progress bar increment until 100 then the Load Status will display Finished If the firmware button is inactive then make sure you specified the firmware version on the command line as with the f option as shown above in Text 3 Java updater usage on page 30 Revision 1 17 Page
23. inished 192 168 1 132 192 168 1 133 192 168 1 134 192 168 1 135 ot Save Settings Cancel Changes Illustration 5 Port forwarding example Revision 1 17 Page 8 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 3 4 Direct connection A direct data connection from the SQM LE can be made to a PC with the use of a crossover cable Crossover cable SQM LE Illustration 6 Direct connection with crossover cable The SQM LE does not come shipped with a fixed IP address so it is necessary to fix that address before installing the unit into such a direct connection system Use the following steps to set the IP address of the unit 1 2 NNW SR Install the unit into a DHCP system where the IP addresses are assigned to connected devices Determine the SQM LE IP address by querying the router or using the Lantronix Device Installer in Windows In Linux you may also use nmap to discover connected device IP addresses Use a browser to go to the SQM LE IP address as in the following example http 192 168 1 140 There is no default username and password just press OK The built in Lantronix XPort Device Server Configuration Manager will appear Select NETWORK from the left side Select the radiobutton associated with Use the following Ipconfiguration and enter the IP address that you would like the unit to occupy in your direct connection system For example IP Address 192 168 1 141
24. lisecond resolution 48 54 039 4C Temperature measured at light sensor in degrees C Leading space for positive value Leading negative sign for negative value 55 56 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed Ox0a Table 3 Reading request response An example is r 06 70m 0000022921Hz 0000000020c 0000000 000s 039 4C 0123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456 Future revisions of this reading string will only modify reported values beyond position 54 Characters 0 to 54 may be considered stable Special case Rx command returns the serial number in the same format as the interval report does See page 22 Setting Interval reporting parameters for report details Revision 1 17 Page 12 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 2 Calibration information request The calibration information request cx returns all data about the specific light sensor in the unit required for to calculate a reading The format of the response is 0 C Indicates that the calibration information is being returned 2 13 00000017 60m Light calibration offset in magnitudes per square arc second 15 26 0000000 000s Dark calibration time period in seconds with millisecond resolution 28 34 039 4C Temperature in degrees C measured during light calibration Leading space for positive value Leading negative sign for negative value 36 47 00000008
25. nnononnccnnnnccnns 21 5 2 11 Setting Interval reporting parameter iio 22 5 2 11 1 XPort settings for interval reporting MOde oooconnconinnononnnonnnonancnnnnnoncnann nono nono ncnoncnnnncnnnnons 24 3 2 11 2 Interval reporting period SENOS icis sssecsssaccesasccesseasssvacdess sceuesseacantascesaceespaceensbecseenenencacts 24 5 2 11 3 Threshold setting for interval repOrting cee ceeeeceescecesceeceseeeceeceeceaceeceeeeeeeeeeseeeeaees 25 5 2114 tera SEUA TES PONS ld 25 G Electrical COMO dolo dae oie 26 Mechanical installation s essnee e OT AAA A dea 26 Tel Cover SCIECHON ii A ta elena 26 FD CGV OC A a 26 FEO MAIN A A AA A A tc A 27 8 Default Sci iii datan aia 28 9 PL UPA ii RI A Ad 29 A sa the Rata tanS Saher Acct gale eh on Sea gna ut a Satten A doh a tallied an Sea cade 29 AV MAS CAL UWP AUC sacs ta 29 9 3 Preparing the SOM LE for firmware Updates sscscscucscsccsaachesdeavsvacsesvyhesdenedocnadsysbes drena ansia 29 DA R n UPC Ate adas tendida 30 95 Detall Sas ete Sas casks o a a a da 33 QCA braio a o do S 34 Revision 1 17 Page 1 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 1 2 Light CAMBRAI OM ai ar ii iden 34 lo A A ON 34 ACORTAR A A ut eat aa ERS 35 VA ERO UD SS NO ONG cc 36 12 Company COMLACE mito Mini odia 38 E NN mebane 39 14 Appendix A REVISION ISO sl egacsnaniaceatenecs 40 14 1 Ma n a l Reviston Mia 40 14 2 Protocol revision Historyssa iran 40 14 3 Feat re revision iS iia 41 Illus
26. nual magnitudes per arcsecond value The offset determined by a simple light experiment should be subtracted from the reading A pending firmware edition will allow for built in manual offset Apply this subtraction offset as a negative value i e if you measured 16 60 outside the covering then 16 75 under the dome then an offset of 0 15 should be applied to all readings Uniform lighting condition E Weatherproof covering a 16 75 Illustration 8 Example cover calibration Offset 0 15 7 3 Cover maintenance Keep the covering clean of dust water ice and bird droppings Revision 1 17 Page 27 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 8 Default settings The XPort Ethernet interface has been programmed with the following default settings so that it can communicate with the SQM LE microcontroller Configurable pins HW Flow Control In CTS from microcontroller CP2 Channel 1 115200 Serial Settings Baud rate Channel 1 CTS RTS Hardware Serial Settings Flow control Table 15 Default settings If for some reason these settings are altered they can be restored using the Lantronix Device Installer under Windows Also a small web page and some Java files have been installed onto the XPort Ethernet interface so that the SOM LE can be accessed as a web page The following steps where used to install that software C gt web2cob d
27. or manually setting of light calibration temperature oooonnnccccnoncccnocccnonnccnonnncnonnnos 19 Table 11 Response of manually setting dark calibration time period ee eee eeeeceeeceeeeeeeeeeaeenseeeeees 20 Table 12 Response for manually setting of light calibration temperature cece eeeeeeeceseeeeeeeeneees 21 Table 13 Interval Tepic ii 22 Table 14 Response of viewing or setting interval reporting parameters oooococnoncccnonccnnonanonnncnnnnncnnanannnns 25 Table IS Default setings eea a 28 Revision 1 17 Page 2 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 1 Theory of operation The SQM LE measures the darkness of the night sky to provide readings of magnitudes per square arc second through an Ethernet connection A light sensor TSL237 provides the microcontroller with a light level and readings from the temperature sensor are used to compensate the light sensor readings for various operating temperatures Commands sent from a PC through the Ethernet cable to the Ethernet interface are relayed to the microcontroller The microcontroller responds to commands by sending data strings to the Ethernet interface which are then relayed to the PC Power Light sensor Data Microcontroller Ethernet interface Temperature sensor Illustration 1 SQM LE block diagram 1 1 Quick start 1 Check out 3 Hardware connections for the method of connection that you want to use and make
28. orts to EEPROM and RAM for boot and immediate use Executing the command t x note lower case t sets the threshold of the timed interval reports to RAM for immediate use only magnitudes arcsecond magnitudes arcsecond The units are For example t00000016 00x limits reporting to values only over 16 00 5 2 11 4 Interval setting response Either making the request Ix note upper case I or any request to set the interval report setting produces the following response 0 I Interval settings from EEPROM and RAM are being returned 2 12 0000000360s Interval period that was set into EEPROM 14 24 0000300360s Interval period that was set into RAM 26 37 Q0000017 60m Threshold value that was set into EEPROM 39 50 100000017 60m Threshold value that was set into RAM 51 52 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed Ox0a Table 14 Response of viewing or setting interval reporting parameters An example response is I 0000000360s 0000000360s 00000017 60m 00000017 60m Revision 1 17 Page 25 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 6 Electrical connection An AC DC adaptor is provided The SQM LE uses a voltage regulator to bring the incoming DC voltage down to 3 3VDC The lowest voltage at the input should be 4 5 VDC 3 3 1 2VDC Higher voltages above 6VDC will cause heating on the regulator and thermal shutdown in
29. rmed 3 L L Locked Wait for unlock before calibrating after Arm command firmware upgrades are disabled U Unlocked Calibrate immediately after Arm command Enable firmware upgrade 4 5 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed 0x0a Table 7 Disarm calibration response An example is zxdL 012345 Revision 1 17 Page 16 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 6 Unit information Unit information command ix provides details about the software in the microcontroller The format of the response is 0 i Indicates that the unit information response is being returned 2 9 00000002 Protocol number 8 digits This will always be the first 8 characters after the i response This value indicates the revision number of the data protocol to from the SQM LE The protocol version is independent of the feature version 11 18 00000003 Model number 8 digits The model value identifies the specific hardware model that the firmware is tailored for 20 27 00000001 Feature number 8 digits The feature value identifies software features independent of the data protocol 29 36 00000413 Serial number 8 digits Each unit has its own unique serial number 37 38 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed 0x0a Table 8 Unit information request response An example is i 00000002 00000003 00000001 00000413 Revision 1 17 Page 17
30. same as the value sent The format of the response is 0 Z Calibration response is being returned 6 Manual Set Light Calibration Offset 4 9 019 0C Value that was set into EEPROM 10 11 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed 0x0a Table 10 Response for manually setting of light calibration temperature An example is z 6 019 0C Revision 1 17 Page 19 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 9 Manually set dark calibration time period Calibration is done at the factory however in the case where calibration values must be restored or set to something else this command allows a new calibration value to be placed into the SQM LE Executing the command zcal7 x manually sets the light calibration offset to the value specified in The units are in seconds The format of the response is 0 Z Calibration response is being returned 7 Manual Set Light Calibration Offset 4 15 0000300 000s Value that was set into EEPROM 16 17 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed 0x0a Table 11 Response of manually setting dark calibration time period An example is Z 7 00000300 00s Revision 1 17 Page 20 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 10 Manually set dark calibration temperature Calibration is done at the factory however in the case where calibration values must be restored or
31. set to something else this command allows a new calibration value to be placed into the SQM LE Executing the command zcal8 x manually sets the light calibration offset to the value specified in The units are C Note The SQM LE records the temperature in a raw value with different resolution so the reply back may not be exactly the same as the value sent The format of the response is 0 Z Calibration response is being returned 8 Manual Set Light Calibration Offset 4 9 019 0C Value that was set into EEPROM 10 11 Carriage return 0x0d Line feed 0x0a Table 12 Response for manually setting of light calibration temperature An example is z 8 019 0C Revision 1 17 Page 21 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 11 Setting Interval reporting parameters For firmware feature 13 and above the SQM LE is capable sending timed interval reports Each interval report is the same as the reading request report except that the serial number feature 14 and above is attached at the end so that numerous reporting SQM LEs can be distinguished from each other The format of the interval report is 0 r Indicates that a reading is being returned 2 8 06 70m Reading in magnitudes per square arc second Leading space for positive value Leading negative sign for negative value A reading of 0 00m means that the light at the sensor
32. t Channel_1 Connection Endpoint_Configuration RemotePort Proto gt tcp Listen gt 1 Reuse gt 1 i die Could not create socket n unless sock my Snew_sock S sock gt accept while lt new_sock gt sec min Shour mday mon year wday yday isdst localtime time printf 04d 02d 02d 02d 02d 02d Syear 1900 Smon 1 mday hour min sec print close sock Text 1 Listener script for interval based reports To prevent reports being sent during daylight when the meter is saturated with light a threshold value can be set Readings exceeding the threshold dark will be reported low readings too bright will be suppressed Due to the construction nature of EEPROM there is a limited number of times that this memory can be written to before it becomes unreliable In the case of the SQM LE the erase write cycle is 1 million times For this reason it is recommended that frequent parameter changes be done in RAM rather than in EPROM Only set the parameter to EEPROM when you want the unit to boot up with your setting See following sections for how to set EEPROM or RAM Loading firmware clears resets the micro controller effectively copying the EEPROM values into RAM Note the above listener script is a simple receive only program In a telephone mode system the SQM LE sends the response to the listener and nothing can send requests back to the SQM LE So it is advised
33. that all settings be tested before isolating the SQM LE in remote locations The other option to getting new requests back to the SQM LE would be altering the listener script to queue requests during the short time that the SQM LE connects back to the listener server Revision 1 17 Page 23 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 5 2 11 1 XPort settings for interval reporting mode The Ethernet adaptor module must be configured for sending interval based reports to a server To set the SQM LE to know the listener IP address use a web browser to access the SQM LE just type in the IP address of the SQM LE into a web browser and you will be asked for a name and password just hit enter there is nothing set at default You will be given a XPort configuration screen You can also do the same things with the Lantronix Windows based Device Installer program included on the CD Set the XPort as shown in this example Channel_1 Connection Active_Connection ActiveConnect With_Any_Character Endpoint_Configuration RemotePort 10002 Endpoint_Configuration RemoteHost 192 168 1 145 Disconnect_Mode Inactivity Timeout 0 2 mins secs Text 2 XPort settings for interval reporting mode Note The RemotePort is different than the typical 10001 to avoid problems with regular SQM LE clients Also the Remot eHost is set to the IP address of your listener server If the modem takes a long time to connect then the timeout
34. that connection using the supplied Ethernet cable and power adaptor 2 Determine the IP address method you want to use DHCP or fixed IP You can use the Lantronix Device Installer on the CD DI_4 2 0 0_Web exe to determine what the IP address is of the installed SQM LE You can also use this same software to fix the IP address This IP address will be used in the next step If you are using SQM Reader Pro by Knightware it will automatically find the IP address of the SQM LE for you 3 Ifyou are using Windows then download and install the Knightware SQM Reader from www knightware biz sqm Follow the instructions for installing and using that software If you are using other operating systems you can use the software on the CD for accessing the SQM LE Revision 1 17 Page 3 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual 2 Specifications Input power supply 5 6VDC 300mA Multi National connection 2 1mmI D 5 5mmO D connector North American connector 2 5mmI D 5 5mmO D connector Ethernet connection 10 100 Mbit One connection at a time Connection timeout Programmable default 2 minutes Physical Size 3 6 x2 6 x1 1 Meter precision Each SQM L is factory calibrated The absolute precision of each meter is believed to be 10 0 10 mag arcsec The difference in zeropoint between each calibrated SQM L is typically 10 0 10 mag sq arcsec Operating temperature
35. the command line navigate to the directory that contains the installed files 2 Run the Java updater program to get usage instructions type java jar jJSQM LE jar h Description for jJSQM LE jJar o Multiplatform tool for use with the Unihedron SQM LE o Identify IP address Test functionality Load firmware Usage E java r JSOM LE jar i lt ip address gt p lt port gt f lt filename gt Where El lt ip address gt is the optional IP address of the SQM LE lt port gt is the optional port of the SQM LE the default port is 10001 lt filename gt is the name of the optional loadable firmware file Examples Dp java jar jSQM LE jar java jar jJSOM LE jar 1192 168 1 140 p10001 fSOMLE 3 3 13 hex Text 3 Java updater usage Revision 1 17 Page 30 Last modified Feb 10 2010 Unihedron SQM LE Users manual The following image shows what the updater looks like when first started jSQM LE me Devices found IP 0 0 0 1 Port 10001 1P 192 168 1 132 MAC 00204aaf20a1 0 0 0 1 10001 1P 192 168 1 147 MAC 00204aafa4ea 1P 192 168 1 125 MAC 00204aaf20a2 Ping 0 0 0 1 could not be contacted Reading result Version result Interval Info result Disarm result Cal Info asai rir re Stati 0 Desired value Actual value Cal info Desired value Interval report
36. tration Index Illustration 1 SQM LE block dar 3 ll stration 2 Back of unt esen ienna a A E cb 4 Illustration 3 Hub switch connection esessseessesssessseessssessseessetssesssetesseessseesseesstesseeesssetsseesseesseeessessets 6 Illustration 4 Wireless client bridge CONNECTION cesesecesncecesseeceeneeceeeeececeecseeeeceeeeceeeeeeeeeeseeeeeaeeees 7 lustration 3 Port forwarding EP AA A a a 8 Illustration 6 Direct connection with crossover Cable ooooccnncccninocononoccnoncccnnncnonnnnnononononnncnonnncncnnnccnnnnnnos 9 TS TAS 5 c 5e loacede aa a dates a E ets E usa aa uaee ae SiS 26 Illustration 8 Example cover calibrations 23 cc cates lie A ee ee ae 27 Uilustration 9 Java updater A a 31 Index of Tables Table LeAC t DC Adapter vas a a ghey tan tuddedenshediaath s ea e iee e res e 5 Table 2 Command SUMMA s 3isnsdccdssccsansecssecctaseneaevanevdaaravagnancstagesaaasegeacavanndonzasgcsesends goaedeuatecentaeedaanaaaseas 11 Table 3 Reading TEGUESE TES DOS ai ene 12 Table 4 Calibration information request respOMse scceescecescecseccecesceecesececseceecseeeceeeeecseeeeseeeeaees 13 Table 5 Light calibration TESPONS Ouen cnica eines des 14 Table 6 Dark calibration response reiii odas 15 Table Disarm calibration tes POS E eRe 16 Table 8 Unit information request ESPOSA ds 17 Table 9 Response for manual setting of light calibration Offset ee ese eeseceeeeeeeeeseecsseceeeeeeeeeeaeees 18 Table 10 Response f
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