OWLS-XPlan User Guide
Contents
1. Fig 10 PDDXML Editor Predicates In the combo box predicate name you can either define a new or select a predicate of the actually considered planning domain description In the parameters box below the parameters of this predicate are displayed Fig 11 Create new Predicate Predicate Name new_predicate Accidentinformation Account AccountName Acknowledgement Acknowledgement Address Fig 11 PDDXML Editor Predicates Create a new Modify existing predicate You can create or modify the definition of a selected predicate by clicking on the type field e Type A combo box shows all available types of the parameters of the selected predicate Each parameter name can be changed by a double click on the field You may enter any string that is unique for the definition of the selected predicate Save amp Update After your work on the predicates is done please click on both the Save and the Update button Fig 10 to save the changes in the respective PDDXML files and propagate them to the planner otherwise the changes will be discarded once you are selecting another predicate Services You can change the definition of any of the OWL S services that are associated with the actual planning domain and problem by clicking on the services tab Fig 12 H OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator T Welcome Preparation PDDXML Files Service Name Value2. Miis Overall before 008 Threshold QoS Overall we 2473 a lt WE H 1 1S 4 amp B8 66 D J Fig 25 QoS Driven Execution Planning Results For optimising the plan OWLS XPlan uses a MILP Mixed Integer Linear Programming based algorithm After the optimisation process has been finished a new window opens as shown in Figure 25 It can be divided into three main sections e Composition Plan Before After Optimization e Service QoS Details Before After e Control Region Optimization Composition Plan Before After Optimization The upper section of the QoS Driven Execution Planning Results screen Fig 26 represents the graphical view of both the Composition Plan Before Optimization and Composition Plan After Optimization to the user In this section the graph shown on the left is the same as the one shown in Optimization tab Fig 18 at the time when the Optimize Plan button was pressed The graph generated and shown in the right half of the figure 26 is a result of the QoS driven execution planner s computation That is this graph represents an semantically equivalent composition plan to the original one shown in the left half of figure 26 Hence it might contain some differently named but equivalent services that are assumed to produce the same results as the original ones but with an overall optimal QoS value for the composition plan a Composition Plan Before Optimization
3. a Composition Plan After Optimization lt 2 00 e SelectTransport gt gt SelectIransportA SelectFlight Selectlransport s C SolectiransponA IGetMedicalTransportAccount gt gt GetMedicalTransportAccountA SelectTransport gt SelectTransport BnookMedicalTranspart1B gt gt Fig 26 Composition Plan Before and After Figure 26 shows coloured boundaries red blue of the service name nodes of the upper left graph Composition Plan Before Optimization The meaning of the color of such a boundary is as follows e lf it is red then the service has been replaced by its semantically equivalent service Composition Plan After Optimization e If it is blue then the optimised graph Composition Plan After Optimization uses the same service for this particular task Service QoS Details Before After On pressing the Next button Fig 25 for the first time the first node in both graphs will be highlighted in blue and their QoS attributes are displayed in the Optimization tab Fig 18 as shown in Fig 27 Each time when the Next button is pressed the focus is transferred to the next service node Similarly the Back button is used to go back to the previously traversed node Service QoS Details Before Optimization 7 _ Service QoS Details After Optimization 7 Service Name gelectTranspart
4. 9 Service Name SeleciTransporA Execution Duration Execution Duration Service Price Service Price 7 Service Availability Wa Service Availability Serice Reliability Service Reliability Fig 27 Service QoS Details Before and After Every QoS attribute field in the Service QoS Detail section can have three colours red blue and white If the attribute value field has red colour means that the corresponding attribute value field in the right Service QoS Details After Optimization section must have better QoS attribute value and is filled with white colour Similarly if any QoS attribute value is blue in one section then in the corresponding section the attribute value will also be blue and it is an indication of the fact that the service s QoS attribute values in both the sections are same The shown along the service name represents the service QoS worthiness For example if a service node has four This means that for this particular task there could be four semantically equivalent services available and this particular selected service is the worst amongst its equivalent set of services with respect to given QoS attribute values Similarly a service node with one means that this could be the best possible service available with respect to given QoS attribute values Control Region Optimization Now looking at the lower section Control Region optimization of the QoS Driven Execution Planning R
5. 0 779 prob Fig 29 Optimized Plan QoS Bounds Qus Weights Qn Bounds Optimize Plan Restore Plan Quos Calculation amp Manual Triguer QoS Calculation QoS Overall Qos Threshold 2 Auto Trigger QoS Calculation 02473 NN Z 0 67 Fig 30 Control Region Back to the Optimization tab Fig 18 the Restore Plan button is the fourth button inside the Control Region Fig 30 sub panel As its name suggests this button is used to restore the manually changed plan to its original form that is the one generated by OWLS XPlan in the beginning Once the user pressed this button a warning dialogue appears Fig 31 which asks the user Are you sure you like to Restore the original Plan If the OK button is pressed the original plan is restored otherwise on pressing the Cancel button the existing plan remains the same Restore Plan Are you sure you like to Restore the original Plan i meen Fig 31 Restore Plan dialog By pressing the QoS Calculation button in Figure 30 the QoS value for the existing manually changed composition plan the plan shown in the Composition Plan sub panel at that time will be calculated by the QoS driven execution planner a module inside OWL XPLAN The calculated QoS value will be made visible to the user inside the QoS Overall text shown at the bottom of the Control Region Fig 30 Just adjacent to this field is QoS Threshold field which contains the value set by the user ea
6. QoS attribute values Composition Plan In the upper left corner of Optimization tab Fig 18 is shown a sequential Composition Plan graph generated by the OWLS XPlan Each node in the graph represents an OWLS service By double clicking on a service node the service details are shown in the corresponding Equivalent Service Details sub panel see Fig 19 Equivalent Service Details Service Mame SelectTransport Dd l nsport Transport 2 Service Input s nspartNumbher i TranspoartNumbher 4 k SelectTransport_ Transport service Output s SelectTransport TransporiNumber omn i ransport_hasTransportMumber 1 s Service Pre Cond s 4 n ransport isSelectedFar SelectTi Service Effect s A Fig 19 Equivalent Service Details Additionally the service s QoS details are shown in lower right Equivalent Service QoS Details sub panel Fig 20 Equivalent Service QoS Details Equivalent Service s Execution Price Reliability Availabili SelectTransport 15 B 0 55 0 69 aglectTranspartA uS ctTransporb 11 Sele Fig 20 Equivalent Service QoS Details Equivalent Service Details As you can see from Fig 19 that Equivalent Service Details sub panel has five different service description fields Service Name is a combo box containing a list of semantically equivalent service names associated with it By this window the user can manually change any original composition plan s service wi
7. Creditcard o C CreditCardNumber C GpsPosition Fig 6 Browsing PDDXML file content e Editor invokes an integrated PDDXML editor Fig 7 that allows you to edit the planning domain and problem description files IH OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator Menu Configuration Help Domain JOWLS Dateien Health Scallops_InitialOntology_Dor Problem Description JOWLS Dateien Health Scallops_InitialOntology_PB Editor Plan Composition Plan SelectHight SelectHight BookMedicalTransport1B BookMedicalFlight GetMedicalTransportAccount L BookNonMedicalFlight Fig 7 PDDXML Editor 4 3 The PDDXML Editor The tabs of the PDDXML editor correspond to all options of describing a planning domain and problem in PDDL You can use the editor for example to change the content of the converted services and ontology files in PDDXML or to create such files from scratch though this is an admittedly tedious task to do for the novice user Types The Al planner XPlan of the composition planner OWLS XPlan uses a typed domain described by a hierarchy of super types or concepts Ill OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator DEIR Menu Configuration Help Welcome Preparation Planning PDDXML Files Types Predicates Services Problem Description Available Supertypes Acknowledgement v Availab
8. Fig 18 This sub panel controls the originally generated or manually modified Composition Plan in a variety of ways QoSWeighs aos Bounds Manual Trigger QoS Calculation C Auto Trigger QoS Calculation Fig 22 Control Region First we ll describe the following screen Fig 23 which opens once you click on the QoS Weights button in the Control Region Fig 22 lissgvrrERUESTEEUESENESUNETREEEHU MER EP ER 0 102030 405060 70 3030100 ae EFNEBEBREHEHEEEEEEP TO 0 102030 405060 7080 S01 00 MEISTER TEN ETUI E Epi VWEFPRERWFTETEERNV 0 102030405050 70580 90100 _ ELBEIEEPEEREEEEBEBEEEHEEEEEEIHB B ILE LELETTI 0 102030405060 70 20 30100 Fig 23 Adjusting the QoS attribute weights used by the optimisation algorithm Here the user can adjust the weights of each QoS attribute in relation to the others Figure 23 provides fields to define the minimum and maximum range related to all attributes By Threshold the user can define an overall QoS value for plans which are acceptable and do not have to optimised anymore The plans should then at least surpass the given threshold Now we come to the QoS Bounds Fig 24 screen which opens once you click the second functionality button QoS Bounds see Fig 22 in the Control Region sub panel Bounds of Plan QoS Parameters Screer Bounds of Plan QoS Parameters pu j 0 102030405060 708030100 i FI I HIBEBIRFR
9. P eters arameters BookMedicalTransport1 amp TransportNumber atient GosPosition ccount ranspartCompan SpsPosition MedicalTransport ookingNumber eatNumber ookingAck1 ee ee ES Emm m i ane Object Values Preconditions agentHaskKnowledqgeAbout Value a 1 BookMedicallransporttA Transport TransportNumber GpsPosition GpsPosiion MedicalTransport EEE A MIL Object Values mn e OME agentHaskKnowledgeAbout Value Quality of Service E j Fig 12 PDDXML Editor Services To change the parameter list please click in the Type field and select a new type from the appearing combo box The value can be changed by a double click into the text filed Analogous to the changes of predicates you can modify the list of preconditions and effects Again please update and save your changes as described above Problem Description The second major component of a planning problem is of course the problem description itself You can modify your loaded problem description by clicking on the problem description tab I OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator EBE Menu Configuration Help f Welcome Preparation Planning PDDXML Files Predicates Services Problem Description Object values l Account Airline Value Init Account_hasAccountNamed Account Account Airline AccouniName JAccountName Airline EEE C O Type Type Value Gnal
10. Account hasAccauntHame 1 Account Account_TransporntCompanys AccountName AccountName_TransportCompa E EEE a LL XJ eee Fig 13 PDDXML Editor Problem Description e Objects The objects combo box allows you to select a type of which all objects are displayed on the right side By double clicking in the text field Object Values you can modify their name The names have to be unique e Init amp Goal Analogous to the predicate tab you can change the description of the init and goal state by selecting adding and removing predicates You can only change the value of displayed parameters of the selected predicate A combo box with all relevant objects of the selected type is displayed Please update and save your changes as described previously Example in the Health Care Domain Fig 14 shows the original composition plan generated by the OWLS XPlan based upon the existing Problem Description C OWLS XPlan_1 0 OWLS DateienHealth Scallops InitialOntology PB xml is visualized under the PDDXML Files tab Composition Plan SelectTransport Selecthlight GetMedicalFlightaccount SelectFlight SelectTransport GetMedicalTransportAccount SelectTransport BaokMetdicalTransport 1B BookMedicalFlight BookNonMedicalFlight Fig 14 Example Service Composition Plan Because using an Al planner the user is able to make some changes in the PDDXML problem description For example the user wants a different
11. ENTBRE 0 1020 30 40 30 60 70 50 30100 Fig 24 Setting up the bound of each QoS parameter Figure 24 enables the user to define the global QoS attribute value constraints for a given composition plan For example you might want to specify that the overall Execution Duration of the plan its execution run time should not exceed 21 seconds Similarly you can specify the range for values of the QoS attributes Price Availability and Reliability The third button Optimize Plan in the Contro Region see Fig 22 is used to start the optimisation process while executing the plan instead of manually changing the composition plan s services and calculating the overall plan s QoS value Fig 25 During optimisation a new composition plan is built the so called QoS optimal execution plan based on the given list of semantically equivalent services and their QoS attribute values available for each task The execution plan is optimal with respect to the overall QoS value satisfying all given global QoS constraints and not exceeding the given QoS threshold if possible Qo Planning SS eee composition Plan After Optimization F CSeriice QoS Details Before Optimization senice Name selectTransport serice Name SelectTransportA Execution Duration 15 Execution Duration TE Service Price Ho Service Price 7 Service Availability fT Service Availability Service Reliability Service Reliability
12. OWLS XPlan OWL S Semantic Web Service Composition Planner Version 1 0 User Manual February 20 2006 Andreas Gerber Suleman Butt Matthias Klusch c DFKI Saarbr cken Germany 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 Table of content INTRODUGTION er 3 INSTALLATION Mum 4 STARTING OWLS XPLAN 2 parus aka YER 0220 RE EFE ERnER Ein RE SR EE E RARCEA REEF NEC ERREUR 5 HOW IO USE OWLS APLAN 2 00 00 0000000000000 anna dann nennen KU EE ERE genen Eee 6 Preparation eec P ICD ern ee om eee eee 7 PlannmP seen M 9 The PDDX ME ro 01 oido piena oues nis EE 11 QoS Driven Optimization of Composition Plans 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000 000000 19 DISCLAIMER u een 30 SUPPORT AND CONTACT 32 3 ea aa 30 1 Introduction This document provides information on how to install and use the OWL S service composition planner OWLS XPlan version 1 0 In particular it explains the various functional cards or tabs of its graphical user interface each of which related to the preparation and execution of the planning process Using these cards to proceed through the GUI from left to right directly corresponds to the usual sequence of the service composition planning process We acknowledge that this initial version is for expert users only In particular it is assumed that the user is sufficiently familiar with using OWL OWL S and PDDL Upcoming releases will provide the novice u
13. TransportCompanySerices owl CAOWLS XPlan_1 010WVLS Dateien Health Scallop s NonMedicalFlightCompanyServices owl CAOWLS XPlan 1 0YOWL S DateieniHealth Scallop s NMonMedicalTransportCompanyServices owl Services Load Problem Save Problem Convert amp Plan Fig 4 Preparation Manual selection of initial state ontology file automatic selection of corresponding goal state ontology and services in the same directory e load problem Loading of a planning problem in terms of the paths to the corresponding ontology files of your choice e save problem Store the paths to the ontology and service files as provided in a separate file this is to avoid having to repeatedly enter the paths Conversion to PDDXML To proceed to the conversion and planning process please click on the convert amp plan button As a result first the OWL S services are converted into PDDXML and the planner is automatically invoked If a plan could be successfully generated a status window appears OWLS XPlan Result AN Convertion and planning has been successful To view the resulting service composition plan please proceed to the card Planning If you are pressing on the OK button a new tab optimization will appear and the screen changes to the planning tab 4 2 Planning The right side of the panel of the planning tab displays the visualization of the generated plan while the left side of the panel shows the path
14. composed plan with respect to a set of given quality of service QoS parameters For this purpose OLWS XPlan exploits given knowledge about semantically equivalent services and their QoS values To start an optimisation click on the Optimization Tab se Fig 18 IH OwLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator Menu Configuration Help ER Equivalent Service Details A zi Service Name SelectTransport anspor Transport service Input s 3nspartNumber TransportNumber 4 li aBlectIranspart Transport service Output s SelectTransport TranspartNumbher SelectFlight GetMedicalFlightaccount Transport hasTranspartMumber Service Pre Cond s SelectFlight EUN P ransport_isSelectedFor SelectTi Service Effect s em SelectTransport GetMedicalTranspaortAccount m Reliahili Availabill SelectTranspoft SelectTransport 0 55 069 SelectTransprih fe PB SelectTransponB M 9 qure Q6 mm Manual Trigger QoS Calculation QoS Overall Lae C Auto Trigger QoS Calculation 0 2473 Fig 18 Optimization tab The Optimization tab Fig 18 comprises four different sub panels Composition Plan Equivalent Service Details Equivalent Service QoS Details Control Region Each of the above named sub panels are mutually related to each other and support you to optimize the generated composition plan based on the available set of semantically equivalent services
15. em Save Problem Convert amp Plan Fig 3 Preparation Select initial state and goal ontologies EXAMPLE You may use the initial state and goal ontologies provided in the distribution package as an example for using OWLS XPlan For this purpose please specify the directory in which you have stored the OWL S descriptions of the semantic web services and then click on the select button which causes a file selector window to show up Use it to select an initial ontology our example ontology file in the health care domain is C OWLS XPlan_1 0 OWLS Dateien Health Scallops_InitialOntology owl After this file has been selected the remaining goal state ontology file in OWL and the OWL S service files are automatically searched for in the same directory scanned and attached Fig 4 IE OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator Menu Configuration Help T Welcome Preparation OWLS XPlan requires the following files Initial Ontology initial world state file InitialOntalogy owl Goal Ontology goal state fle GoalOntology owl OWL 5 Services available for composition planning lt name gt Services owl or name Services owls Please specify the path to the file containing the initial ontology OWLS XPlan then searches for the goal ontology and service files in the same directory NOWLS Dateien Health Scallops_lnitialOntology owi 1 NOWLS Dateien Health Scallops_GoalOntology owl _Medical
16. esults screen Fig 28 The two Back and Next buttons have the same functionality as the similar buttons in Fig 27 Now the two Execute Plan buttons provide no functionality at the moment These buttons concern to future work on the OWLS Service Execution Engine By pressing the Execute Plan button either of the composition plan graphs i e Composition Plan Before Optimization or Composition Plan Before Optimization will cause the system to execute the plan The controls in Fig 28 are grouped into three fields namely QoS Overall before which represents the overall QoS value calculated by the QoS driven execution planner for the Composition Plan Before Optimization graph Similarly the QoS Threshold field contains the threshold value set by you earlier in the QoS Weight screen Fig 23 The rightmost field QoS Overall after is same as the one described above but contains the overall QoS value for the Composition Plan After Optimization graph Execute Plan Back Next gt Execute Plan QoS Overall before QoS Threshold QoS Overall after lt lt E e Fig 28 Control Region Optimization The Bounds button on the right lower side opens a screen Fig 29 when pressed which shows the current Optimized Plan QoS Bounds values achieved during the optimisation Execution Duration 20 0 sec Service Price 9 1 Service Reliability 0 6 6 prob Service Availability
17. ilarly for the next equivalent service in the set we need to use a separator and the rest goes the same The brackets are used to separate one set of equivalent services from another The other fields Service Input s Service Output s Service Pre Cond s and Service Effect s in the Equivalent Service Details sub panel Fig 19 represent the OWLS service s profile model Each time when you double click on any of the graph s service node from the Composition Plan sub panel the corresponding Equivalent Service Details Fig 19 and Equivalent Service QoS Details Fig 20 sub panels are updated accordingly Composition Plan iu TE Service Name Sele cilransport i ansport Transport a Service Inptiit s snsporlMumber i Transparthurrnber gt pay Select Egh Sele etTrans pur Trans non f Senice Outputs BeleclITranspari Transpartliurmber Transport_hasTransportNumber Service Pre Cond sy x H Trans port isSelectedFor Selen n ia T eb Equivalent Service s Execution EL ESAME Rus Awailability SeleclTranspon KE a 055 0 69 oelectTrans spo Ma 0 78 8 ns m Selec TransportB 111 D 78 in B Fig 21 Composition Plan Equivalent Service Details and Equivalent Service QoS Details Control Region Now we come to the Control Hegion lower sub panel Fig 22 of the above shown Optimization tab screen
18. le Types BookingAck 1 v Add Save Fig 8 PDDXML Editor Types You may generate a complex type hierarchy such as the following object is the root f the hi hy node of the hierarchy vehicle e Available Super types If a super type is selected in the combo box you can view all of its subtypes in the combo box Available types e Add Create a new type Fig 9 by selecting the type of which the newly created type is subtype of Enter the unique name of this new type into the text field Type Name With Add Type the new type is included into the type hierarchy Create new Type Supertype Name Accidentinformation Type name Md ye Fig 9 PDDXML Editor Types Add a new type to your type hierarch Please save all the changes you did in the type hierarchy by pressing the Save button such that the planner can take them into account at the next time of its invocation when only reading the PDDML files as input Predicates If you want to change some predicate definition in the planning domain you may use the predicates tab Fig 10 lE OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator aaa Menu Configuration Help Welcome Preparation Planning PDDXML Files Types Predicates Services Problem Description Predicate Name Account hasAccountName v Type Value Account Account domain parameter AccountName AccountName range parameter Parameters
19. location the patient has to be brought This change can be done under the Problem Description tab In the original composition plan the position in the goal state description of a person e g Patient Mikka is at some hospital Position HosipitalZ and should be changed to Position AirportFaro see below in Fig 15 Bl OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator Menu Configuration Help eS T PDDXML Files Predicates Services Problem Description D Objects Account w Accaunt hasAccauntHameti ww Fig 15 Problem Description tab To change the destination of Mikka in the goal state please first select the relevant predicat called Person isAt114 The value for the destination position GpsPosition for Person Patient Mikka has then to be changed from Position Hosipital2 to e g Position AirportFaro To do so please select the appropriate Goal state attribute in this case Person isAt114 from the combo box appearing on the left Once the attribute is selected the corresponding type value pair s will appear in the Goal state table on the right See figure 16 In order to change the GpsPosition value click on the Position Hosipital2 value field A combo box appears In our example at the fourth position you will find Position AirportFaro Select this value and press the Save button on the lower right corner Now the global positioning value Position Hosipital2 for the person Patient Mikka has been changed to Position AirportFaro
20. o the Preparation of the planning process and or the Planning process itself Fig 2 H OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator 15 f Menu Configuration Help Welcome Preparation Planning w Welcome to OWLS XPIan Start XPlan with the normal frame view In this view you have full functionality and control over the planning process Recommended for more experienced users Lipcoming vernon wilh provide an additional Wizard Moda I Fig 2 Welcome Screen with all tabs related to the planning process We will briefly explain the use of both respective tabs in subsequent sections 4 1 Preparation Using OWLS XPlan in the normal mode for expert users requires both an initial state ontology and a goal state ontology as input Please specify the location of the respective files by clicking on the preparation tab Fig 3 IH OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator Menu Configuration Help f welcome Preparation Planning OWLS XPlan requires the following files Initial Ontology initial world state file InitialOntalogy owl Goal Ontology goal state file GoalOntology owl OWL S Services available for composition planning name Services owl or name Services owls Please specify the path to the file containing the initial ontology OWLS XPlan then searches for the goal ontology and service files in the same directory Init View Qm J Goal View Services Load Probl
21. ou copy it to a differently named directory you then have to edit the java paths manually The path descriptions used by the software are stored in the batch file XPLAN bat that is stored in the zipped directory OWLS XPlan_1 0 src Replace all paths in XPLAN bat beginning with CXOWLS XPlan 1 0 by the correct path on your local machine to the directory lt owlsxplan dir gt Please check and if necessary correct the path to the JAVA directory on your local machine such as C Programme Java jdk1 5 0_01 bin in the batch file XPLAN bat 3 Starting OWLS XPlan Start the batch file OWLS XPlan_1 0 src XPLAN bat by means of a double click on its icon which results in loading of the components of the OWLS XPlan package Loading Components Please wait a moment followed by the initial welcome screen Hl OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator Menu Configuration Help Welcome to OWLS XPlan Start XPlan with the normal frame view In this view you have full functionality and control over the planning process Recommended for more experienced users Upcoming verion will provide an additional Wizard Mode ttl Fig 1 Welcome Screen This initial release 1 0 of OWLS XPlan does not provide the planned wizard mode As a consequence please click on the button normal mode to use the system 4 How to Use OWLS XPlan After starting OWLS XPlan in the normal mode expert level you may choose between activities related t
22. rlier in the QoS Weights screen Fig 23 If the colour of the QoS Overall field is red this indicates that the overall calculated QoS value of the existing composition plan shown in the Composition Plan sub panel at that time is not satisfactory that is below the threshold mark Or in other words if user has performed any manual change s in the composition plan then those change s are still not containing appropriate set of services which should lead to an overall QoS value surpassing the given threshold Whereas if the colour of QoS Overall field is blue then we are sure that the QoS Overall value must be at least greater than or equal to the threshold and the composition plan may not require automatic QoS driven optimization Now in the top rightmost side of the Control Region Fig 30 is the Back button which if pressed just switches the tab from Optimization to Planning In the left bottom of the Control Region Fig 30 we have one radio button group containing two radio buttons namely Manual Trigger QoS Calculation and Auto Trigger QoS Calculation By default Manual Trigger QoS Calculation is checked which means that each time you make any changes in the composition plan by replacing any service with its semantically equivalent service the QoS driven execution planner will not automatically be invoked but perform its task including this change only when you press the QoS Calculation button If you set the radio button
23. s of both created PDDXML files Fig 5 DH OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator Menu Configuration Help Welcome Preparation Planning Optimization PDDXML Files Domain JOWLS Dateien Health Scallops InitialOntology Don SelectTransport Problem Description JOWLS Dateien Health Scallops_InitialOntology_PB ______ SelectFlight Editor Plan GetMedicalFlightAccount SelectTransport GetMedicalTransportAccount SelectTransport BookMedicalTransport 1B BookMedicalFlight BookNonMedicalFlight Fig 5 Planning PDDXML file operations and visualization of the generated plan e Select Select a PDDXML file that contains the domain or planning problem definition e g CAOWLS XPlan 1 0 OWLS DateienHealth Scallops lInitialOntology Domain xml e View displays the structure of the content of the selected PDDXML file in a special browser Fig 6 Changing of the content is not possible in this browser Domain description unl Health Scallops InitialOntology o C requirements gt types o C predicates o 7 actions Health Scallops_InitialOntology_ gt CI domain EI objects o CJ Address e 5 City o 7 Airport C GpsPosition o CJ string o Eq Country o C GpsPosition o CI Route o L DateTime o C PersonName o CI Route o C GpsPosition o C EmergencyPhysician o CI
24. ser with an extended GUI extended by more convenient facilities for semi automatically generating the initial state and goal state ontologies that are required as an input to the planning process and querying OWLS XPlan OWLS XPlan allows for fast and flexible composition of OWL S services in the semantic Web OWLS XPlan converts OWL S 1 1 services to equivalent problem and domain descriptions that are specified in the planning domain description language PDDL 2 1 and invokes an efficient Al planner XPlan to generate a service composition plan sequence that satisfies a given goal XPlan extends an action based FastForward planner with a HTN planning and re planning component For more detailed information on OWLS XPlan we refer to the Readme txt and relevant publication Klusch M Gerber A Schmidt M 2005 Semantic Web Service Composition Planning with OWLS XPlan Proceedings of the 1 Intl AAAI Fall Symposium on Agents and the Semantic Web Arlington VA USA AAAI Press 2005 The OWLS XPlan project web page is http www dfki de klusch owls xplan OWLS XPlan project semwebcentral org http projects semwebcentral org projects owls xplan 2 Installation Installing the OWLS XPlan software is as easy as follows l Please download the distributed owlsxplan zip file from the project homepage 2 Unzip this file into a local directory lt owlsxplan dir gt We assume the name of this directory to be c OWLS XPlan_ 1 0 If y
25. th any of its semantically equivalent service s available in the respective Service Name combo box The semantically equivalent service are Equivalent Service QoS Details sub panel Fig 20 or the same shown in the lower right corner of the Optimization tab Fig 18 Equivalent Service QoS Details The Equivalent Service QoS Details sub panel Fig 20 shows all parameters QoS attributes that are relevant to perform the OWLS XPlan QoS optimisation For example the lower the value of the service Execution Duration and Price is the better it is for the overal QoS of the considered plan The same holds for Reliability and Availability attribute values probability distribution An example of how to encode the list of equivalent services and their QoS attribute values is given in the file named Plan Equivalent Services QoS txt included in the OWLS XPlan 1 0 distribution The format of entries in this file is simple SelectTransport 15 8 0 55 0 69 SelectTransportA 18 7 0 78 0 9 SelectTransportB 11 9 0 78 0 6 In this example entry the service SelectTransport has two semantically equivalent services SelectIRansportA and SelectTransportB Given the fixed ordering of the QoS attributes as shown in Fig 20 from left to right the QoS values are provided in each separated by For example service SelectTransport has an Execution Duration of 15 seconds Price 8 Reliability 0 55 and Availability of 0 69 Sim
26. to automatically trigger the QoS Calculation on each service change the QoS driven execution planner would be invoked and calculate the overall QoS value 5 Disclaimer OWLS XPlan is free for non commercial use only You can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the Mozilla Public License version 1 1 as published by the Mozilla Foundation at hitp www mozilla org MPL MPL 1 1 txt Copyright 2006 DFKI GmbH Germany Developed by Andreas Gerber Marcus Schmidt Suleman Butt and Matthias Klusch 6 Support and contact Please report any bugs and errors you encounter to us we are continuously working to improve OWLS XPlan Errors can be reported by emailing the developers see below or by using the online tracker system available at the project homepage at semwebcentral org For OWLS XPlan software support and help please contact o Dr Andreas Gerber at agerber dfki de o MSc Suleman Butt at butt_suleman hotmail com o Dipl Inform Markus Schmidt at Markus Schmidt dialogika de For related general and scientific questions please contact o Dr Matthias Klusch at klusch dfki de http Awww dfki de klusch
27. under the Goal state attribute Person isAt114 See below in Fig 16 lll OWLS XPlan 1 0 Administrator EIER Menu Configuration Help T Welcome Preparation Planning PDDXMLFiles Types Predicates Services Problem Description Objects Account w Init Account hasAccountHamer ww m Person isAt114 Patient Mikka a psPosition 7 M Postion Airportrare ZIS Position Accident 14 Position Airline N Position Airline Position AirportFaro Position AirportFrankfurt Position AirportLissabon Position_AirpornMadrid Position_AirportSaarbruecker w Fig 16 Problem Description tab with modified Goal state table value In order to see the effect of this change on the composition plan you must invoke the OWLS XPlan once again Therefore you have to click on the PDDXML Files tab and the press the Plan button A new composition plan will be generated Upon successful execution of the OWLS XPlan a message box will appear The window changes automatically to the Optimisation Tab and displays the modified composition plan see below in Fig 17 Composition Plan SelectTransport BaokMedicalTransport 1B Fig 17 Example Service Composition Plan modified The total number of services in the original composition see Fig 14 has changed from 12 to 2 steps see Fig 17 4 4 QoS Driven Optimization of Composition Plans OWLS XPlan allows doing a post optimisation of the
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