SOLWEIG - A climate design tool
Contents
1. a positive decimal number from 0 size of 1 pixel NODATA_value a positive or negative decimal number the value of no data The matrix of positive and or negative decimal numbers representing the DEM Each row is separated by a new line and each column by a blank character The size is the one specified in the ncols and nrows headers 12 Note 1 or more blank characters including tabs An example of the above building DEM format is shown below ncols 350 nrows 350 xllcorner 39250 yllcorner 27993 cellsize 1 NODATA_ value 9999 0 723 0 207 0 341 0 408 0 439 0 455 0 463 0 461 0 445 0 409 0 371 0 36 0 347 0 337 0 319 0 312 0 312 0 301 0 297 0 294 0 289 0 285 0 276 0 275 0 268 0 257 0 244 0 199 0 924 0 924 0 923 0 928 0 924 0 931 0 931 0 934 0 935 0 937 0 939 Note SOLWEIG version 2 0 allows loading both square and non square building DEMs SOLWEIG version 2 0 introduces a vegetation scheme Vegetation will be represented as an additional DEM consisting of trees and bushes Generation of vegetation units will be executed in a number of steps presented below First all building has to be marked as shown in Figure 11 All edges greater than 2 meter will be marked as a building wall pixel Locations of buildings are also used in 2 0 when no vegetation DEM is used Hence the User is suggested to go through the first step in the generation of a vegetation DEM process as shown below Mark the building2. SOLWEIG A climate design tool User manual for version 2 Last update 22 July 2010 Urban Climate Group Department of Earth Sciences UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG G teborg Sweden July 2010 Table of contents MAJOR CHANGES JIN SOE WEIG Lluc aiii 3 MAJOR CHANGES IN SOE WEIG ZO iii 4 MAJOR CHANGES IN SOLWEIG 2 10 eeccesccesecssecssecneecaeecseseaeseeeeseeeeensecsecsaecsaecsaecaaecaaeeaeseaeseneeeens 4 SYS TEM REQUIREMENTS constantes titi Usceetegeoem eee Shs 5 OTHER APPLICATIONS NEEDED BEFORE INSTALLING THE SOFTWARE cece cece eeeeeeeees 5 INSTALLING THE INTERFACE ai eneee e ooon EEDE sobs a EEES OESE EDE eA EOE EES 5 THE GRAPHICAL USER FRIENDLY INTERFACE FOR SOLWEIG cccccsseeeeee Y STARTING THE INTERFACE e eee e ran EREE Ml ad E E don ES ETETE ER EEE 9 Mainframes nsan eases o E E al E 9 Lodd DEMS nerie teiua nonan Recetas N a a o a E a aa a a E a E E bolas 11 Set pointiof interest in the DEM siii tt aid atan dera din barca beavis it daci n 16 Lodd CreatesS VES ss dicte baaa tale testes Haein epee A cours dd eater A eee Rade dla dela 18 Setmodel parameters iia dl db dada tad tdci 18 Add meteorological data iii nt lt dorada dida ide 20 Execute SOLWEIG ota iia 21 Calculate Daily Shading o E ees 23 UPCOMING VERSIONS sesion a 24 VERSION Orientada bit a ds bs 24 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS cscscsssssssssssssssscsssssssssssssssscssessessessessessesssssseses 24 Introduction SOLWEIG is a computer
3. but will still have the option to see them if he she chose to have output images 21 E Do not use the vegetation DEM Do not use land use map Urban parameters will be used Do not show the temporal images during the execution Output folder Select the output folder Output folder outputexecutesolweig Output images Parameter Hourly Day Day Night Mean Radiant Temperature Outgoing Longwave Radiation Incoming Longwave Radiation Parameter Hourly Day Day Night al lal Parameter Hourly Day Outgoing Shortwave Radiation Incoming Shortwave Radiation Ground View Factor SkyViewFactor Buildings SkyViewFactor Vegetation SkyViewFactor Buildings Vegetation Save images in ASCII grid format Save images in TIFF format Figure 17 Execute SOLWEIG before executing the model 22 Calculate Daily Shading Figure 18 shows the dialog that is popped up when the Calculate Daily Shading button is clicked in the main frame Do not use the vegetation DEM Do not show the temporal images during the execution Output folder Select the output folder Output folder outputdailyshading Output images Parameter Hourly Day Shadow Patterns Y Save images in ASCII grid format Y Save images in TIFF format Additional execution inputs Time interval in minutes 60 gt Day Month 14 maj Calculate Daily Shading Figure 18 Calculate Daily Shading before e
4. Installation This section gives you information on how to install the SOLWEIG graphical user friendly interface on a regular PC System requirements The Interface runs on WINDOWS NT 2000 XP Vista 7 platforms Other applications needed before installing the software There are a two additional application that has to be installed on the PC before the SOLWEIG interface is able to run properly gt Upgrade or install Java Runtime Environment JRE version Java 6 This is easiest made online gt Install the MCR MATLAB Compiler Runtime 7 13 This can be downloaded from the Urban Climate Group webpage If you are using earlier versions of SOLWEIG you should keep the corresponding MCR installed on your computer Installing the Interface Download the executable installation file SOLWEIG Setup exe of the Interface from the Urban Climate Group webpage and follow the installation procedure as shown below Figure 1 Select Setup Lang Select the language to use during the installation English Figure 1 Select setup language Welcome to the SOLWEIG Setup Wizard This will install SOLWEIG 2 0 on your computer lt is recommended that you close all other applications before continuing Click Next to continue or Cancel to exit Setup Figure 2 Install SOLWEIG 1 1 window Where should SOLWEIG be installed A Setup will install SOLWEIG into the following folder To continue cl
5. as personal and physiological equivalent temperature PET parameters Note The vegetation parameters are enabled only if there is a vegetation DEM loaded 18 Note The PET parameters are still under development and are not active in this version 2 0 Default value Usedefaultvalue New value 4 Default value Use default value New value Mean Radiant Temperature parameters Choose the values for the Mean Radiant Temperature parameters Description Default ne Use default value New value Absorption coeffident of sh Description Value e angular factors between a person and the surrounding surfaces STAND Physiological Equivalent Temperature PET parameters Calculate Physiological Equivalent Temperature PET Description Default value Use default value New value lt fof lt folf lt Description Figure 16 Set model parameters with and without default values 19 Add meteorological data Figure 17 shows the dialog that is popped up when the Add meteorological data button is clicked in the main frame Loading options Calculate direct and diffuse radiation from global radiation Meteorological data loaded from 051011_clearday_g teborg txt Figure 16 Add meteorological data with data loaded By default the system will allow all types of file extensions in where the meteorological data can be stored In order to be successfully loaded it has to follow the foll
6. can be reused by SOLWEIG s future versions Thus the User will not have to re edit and or re add them again We will also appreciate User s comments suggesting to add new locations in our default file of locations Note The land use map option of the interface is still under development and is not active in this version 2 0 A raster DEM is essential for the SOLWEIG model to work and it could consist of both ground and building heights but also of only building structures with ground elevation equals to zero A raster DEM could be created in almost any GIS software s A brief guide on how to create a DEM in ArcGIS can be found at the Urban Climate Group webpage By default the system will allow all types of file extensions in where a building DEM can be stored In order for the DEM to be successfully loaded it has to follow the ERSI ASCII Grid format including the order of the headers ncols 4 4 a float number greater than zero number of columns of the matrix nrows 4 4 a float number greater than zero number of rows of the matrix y xllcorner or xllcenter 4 a positive or negative decimal number geographic x coordinate of the lower corner of the matrix Can be either xllcorner or xllcenter yllcorner or ylicenter a positive or negative decimal number geographic y coordinate of the left side of the matrix Must be yllcorner when using xllcorner and yllcenter when using xllcenter cellsize
7. is still to improve the surface temperature parameterization and the temporal resolution This upgrade will probably be available first half of 2011 Acronyms and abbreviations ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange DEM Digital Elevation Model MCR MATLAB Compiler Runtime SOLWEIG SOlar and LongWave Environmental Irradiance Geometry SRS Software Requirements Specification SVF Sky View Factor UTC Coordinated Universal Time 24 References Crawford TM Duchon CE 1999 An improved parameterization for estimating effective atmospheric emissivity for use in calculating daytime downwelling longwave radiation Journal of Applied Meteorology 38 474 480 Lindberg F Thorsson S Holmer B 2008 SOLWEIG 1 0 Modelling spatial variations of 3D radiant fluxes and mean radiant temperature in complex urban settings International Journal of Biometeorology 2008 52 697 713 Lindberg F Grimmond C S B 2010 The influence of vegetation and building morphology on mean radiant temperatures in urban areas Model development Manuscript Offerle B D C S B GRIMMOND T R Oke 2003 Parameterization of net all wave radiation for urban areas Journal of Applied Meteorology 42 1157 1173 Reindl D T Beckman W A Duffie J A 1990 Diffuse fraction correlation Solar energy 45 1 1 7 25
8. 182 0 58 0 10155 0 133 0 40 0 23081 0 144 0 234 0 19425 0 Important every time a new vegetation file is saved or loaded within the interface a new vegetation SVF must be created or loaded as well see below Figure 13 shows how the Load DEMs dialog looks like after both the building and vegetation DEMs have been loaded Load building DEM Vegetation DEM optional Load vegetation DEM Create Edit vegetation DEM Land use map optional Load land use map No land use map loaded Load new DEMs DEM loaded from EarthScienceCentre_ DEM loaded from EarthScienceCentre3 Location Andorra Andorra 3 Argentina Buenos Aires Australia Darwin Australia Sydney Austria Salzburg Austria Wien Belgium Brussels Bolivia La Paz Brazil Brasilia Brazil Rio de Janeiro Canada Inuvik Canada Quebec Canada Saint John Canada Vancouver Chile Santiago China Nanking China Peking Colombia Bogota 4 m Longitude 1 50 Latitude 42 50 Altitude 0 00 UTC 1 Add location Edit location Remove location Figure 13 Load DEMs step when both DEMs are loaded 15 SOLWEIG will allow the User re loading re creating or re selecting all the elements he she has to deal with The only exception is the building DEM which is the main element of the interface However it can be re loaded by clicking on the button Load new DEMs for instanc
9. Vegetation DEM loaded optional Point of interest set optional Building SWF loaded Vegetation SYF loaded Meteorological data loaded Building DEM loaded Vegetation DEM loaded optional Point of interest set optional XXX Figure 8 Main frame with the second flow ready Figure 9 shows the main frame when all the input data related to the first flowchart is loaded as well and the SOLWEIG model is ready to execute 10 E soLWwEIG Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Final step Set point of interest in the DEM optional Load DEMs _ Load Create SVFs Calculate Daily Shading SSS Final step Set model parameters meteorological od Execute SOLWEIG data Execute SOLWEIG Building DEM loaded Status Calculate Daily Shading Building DEM loaded Status Vegetation DEM loaded optional egetation DEM loaded optional Point of interest set optional Point of interest set optional Building SYF loaded Vegetation SvF loaded Meteorological data loaded Figure 9 Main frame with the first flow ready Load DEMs When a button from the main frame is clicked a new dialog pops up with all the functionality and input data related to that step it represented In Figure 10 the Load DEMs dialog is shown Load DEMs Building DEM Load building DEM No building DEM loaded Vegetation DEM optional Loa
10. between global radiation and the two separate components are radG radl sin h radD where his the sun altitude Since diffuse and direct components of short wave radiation is not common data it is also possible to calculate diffuse and direct shortwave radiation by ticking the box in Figure 16 Reindl et al 1990 Execute SOLWEIG Figure 17 shows the dialog which pops up when the Execute SOLWEIG button is clicked in the main frame By clicking on the Execute SOLWEIG button bottom right the user will be able to execute the SOLWEIG model Before executing an output folder must be specified Besides the User can choose to execute the model without taking into account the vegetation DEM in case there is one loaded This can be useful for the User to comparing the results with and without vegetation on the building DEM SOLWEIG version 2 0 also offers the User the chance to store the results in two different file format types ASCII and TIFF All the output images options can be selected at one time by clicking on the button Select all If on the contrary they all want to be unselected at one time the button Clear all will do so Note The outputs related to the PET are disabled since the PET parameters are still under development and are not active in this version 2 0 By selecting the option Do not show the temporal images during the execution the User will not see the results on real time
11. d vegetation DEM Create Edit vegetation DEM No vegetation DEM loaded Land use map optional Load land use map No land use map loaded Load new DEMs andorra Andorra Argentina Buenos Aires Australia Darwin Australia Sydney Austria Salzburg Austria Wien Belgium Brussels Bolivia La Paz Brazil Brasilia Brazil Rio de Janeiro Canada Inuvik Canada Quebec Canada Saint John Canada Vancouver Chile Santiago China Nanking China Peking Colombia Bogota m Longitude 1 50 Latitude 42 50 Altitude 0 00 UTC 1 Add location Edit location Remove location Figure 10 Load DEMs step at the beginning 11 Figure 10 shows how the system guides the user by specifying the action that has to be performed in order to load the input data correctly this is done by enabling the corresponding button in this case called Load building DEM After loading the corresponding data the system enables all the buttons shown in the figure above By clicking the Create Edit vegetation DEM button the user will get two new dialogs see Figures 11 and 12 The location part is used to locate the model domain at a geographic location on Earth By default the system provides a list of cities and their location which can be edited or removed The User can add new locations if the desired city does not appear on the list Note all the edited and new locations added by the User are stored in a separate file that
12. e see Figure 13 By doing this SOLWEIG will restart all the elements so excepting the meteorological file the remaining options will have to be loaded created or selected again By clicking on the Close button the dialog will be hidden and the user will go back to the main frame Before clicking the Close button the user should specify the geographical location of the model domain DEM Set point of interest in the DEM Figure 14 shows the dialog that pops up when the button Set point of interest in the DEM is clicked in the main frame Set point of interest Eg Point of Interest x 312 y 205 Height 1 10 Set new point Clear current point Figure 14 Set point of interest with point set 16 Clicking on the Set new point button will activate the MATLAB window to the left Figure 14 which will show the building DEM and the vegetation on it if there is vegetation DEM loaded You can move the cursor and click on the DEM shown in order to specify point of interest For this purpose the coordinates the cursor is pointing to in real time is shown to facilitate the User the point s selection After the interaction of the user the Java window will get the selected coordinate and show it on its window x and y boxes at the top of the Java window The height is referring to the centre of gravitation of a standard male but can be altered to any positive value The point of in
13. er a round number from 1 to infinity t tree type a round number that can only have the three following values 1 Conifer 2 Deciduous 3 Bush d tree diameter in meters a decimal number from 0 to infinity h tree height in meters a decimal number from 0 to infinity tr tree trunk size in meters a decimal number from 0 to infinity This value cannot be equal or greater than the tree height Besides the bush tree will always have a value of 0 0 for this column 14 x X coordinate from the building DEM where the tree is located a round number from 1 to the maximum x value of the building DEM y Y coordinate from the building DEM where the tree is located a round number from 1 to the maximum y value of the building DEM b an area that corresponds with a marked building from the building DEM This value is automatically assigned by the application the first time the user marks the buildings Therefore if new trees are added manually this value has to be 0 0 decimal format On the contrary if there are marked buildings but not trees there will be entries with values 0 0 in all the columns excepting in the build one An example of the above vegetation DEM format is shown below ID ttype dia 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 10 0 30 3 0 5 0 40 20 15 0 5 0 1 0 5 0 height trunk 0 0 0 0 30 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 20 0 5 0 6 0 5 0 x y build 0 0 0 0 16873 0 128 0 133 0 17307 0
14. et point of interest in the DEM are common for both flows Two status tables one for each flowchart bottom of the frame indicate the current situation of the input data that is the files and information that must be loaded by the user in order to execute the SOLWEIG model At the beginning they are all unloaded and marked by red cross icons Regarding the buttons there is only one which is allowed to be clicked so that the user will not have to think or find out how to start using the software In Figure 7 the only button which is allowed to be clicked represents the step one After loading the first required files those corresponding to first step Load DEMs step button number 2 Set point of interest in the DEM which is optional and step button number 3 for the first flow Load Create SVFs as well as the final step Calculate Daily Shading for the second flowchart are being able to use marked grey Figure 8 As shown the status table to the bottom right indicates with blue tick icons that all input data that are required to calculate Daily Shading are loaded SOLWEIG File Help Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Final step L ES E A Add Load Create gt Set model E SYFs parameters ihc Execute SOLWEIG Set point of interest in the DEM optional Calculate Daily Shading Final step Execute SOLWEIG Status Calculate Daily Shading Status Building DEM loaded
15. face to actually start is relatively long compared to its size 3Mb This is because the MCR is also initialized which is a considerable larger application than the interface itself Main frame Figure 7 shows the initial window or main frame that you the user will find every time he she launches the application SOLWEIG File Help Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Final step Cr gt o _ A Set point of interest in the DEM optional E Final step Add Load Create Set model Execute SVFs y parameters ig hito cha eit SOLWEIG Calculate Daily Shading Execute SOLWEIG Status Calculate Daily Shading Status Building DEM loaded Vegetation DEM loaded optional Point of interest set optional Building SYF loaded Vegetation SVF loaded Meteorological data loaded Building DEM loaded vegetation DEM loaded optional Point of interest set optional XXX XXX Figure 7 Main frame at the beginning As it can be seen in Figure 7 the different processing steps are shown in the shape of buttons They are sorted in two flowcharts located between the menu bar and the status tables at the bottom of the frame The first flowchart has six steps starting from the Load DEMe step and ending with the Execute SOLWEIG one The second flowchart has three steps from Load DEMs to Calculate Daily Shading Notice that the steps one and two Load DEMs and S
16. ick Next f you would like to select a different folder click Browse C Program Files SOLWEIG At least 8 7 MB of free disk space is required Figure 3 Select destination location Select Start Menu Folder Where should Setup place the program s shortcuts A Setup will create the program s shortcuts in the following Start Menu folder To continue click Next If you would like to select a different folder click Browse SOLWEIG E Dont create a Start Menu folder Figure 4 Select start menu folder Select Additional Tasks Which additional tasks should be performed Select the additional tasks you would like Setup to perform while installing SOLWEIG then click Next Additional icons Ready to Install Setup is now ready to begin installing SOLWEIG on your computer Click Install to continue with the installation or click Back if you want to review or change any settings Destination location C Program Files SOLWEIG Start Menu folder SOLWEIG Figure 6 Ready to install SOLWEIG on your computer The graphical user friendly interface for SOLWEIG This section explains in detail all the steps that have to be taken in order to run the SOLWEIG model using the interface The appearance of the system is shown by means of screenshots for each different steps parts of the interface and includes a description of each feature step Starting the Interface The time it takes for the inter
17. oint 17 Load Create SVFs The interface could also be used to obtain images of sky view factor values Figure 15 shows the dialog that is popped up when the Load Create SVFs button is clicked in the main frame This is the most time consuming part of the model execution The output of the SVF images generated is again as ESRI ASCII Grids Load building SVF Create building SVF SVF loaded from def_gvc_svf zip Vegetation SVF Model Create vegetation SVF SVF loaded from veg_gvc_svf zip Figure 15 Load Create SVFs when both SVFs are loaded There are ten or five SVFs images created for each SVF generation one default and one for each four cardinal points per DEM If vegetation data is used five more SVF images are generated They are all saved in the same zip file specified by the user In Figure 15 the input data is already loaded thus by clicking on Close button bottom right the dialog will be hidden and the user will go back to the main frame which now will enable the step buttons number four and five of the first flowchart Set model parameters Figure 16 shows the dialog which corresponds to the window that is popped up when the Set model parameters button is clicked in the main frame It is possible to use the default values or to specify new values in the right most column The model parameters are divided into urban vegetation mean radiant temperature previously known
18. ors has been introduced which is a parameter that is estimated based on what an instrument measuring Lup actually is seeing based on its height above ground and shadow patterns In order to make accurate estimations of GVF locations of building walls need to be known Walls can be found automatically be the SOLWEIG model However if the User wants to have more control over what are buildings and not the User should use the marking tool included in the Create Edit Vegetation DEM page 12 A very simple approach taken from Offerle et al 2003 is used to estimate nocturnal Ldown Therefore Tm could also be estimated during night in version 1 1 Major changes in SOLWEIG 2 0 A new vegetation scheme is now included The interface also has a wizard for generating vegetation data to be included in the calculations The new vegetation scheme is again slowing down the calculation but the computation time is still acceptable A new improved output section is also incorporated do that the user has more options on what kind of output that should be generated Major changes in SOLWEIG 2 1 Some major and minor bugs have been fixed such as Small changes in the equations for shortwave radiation The reflected part is now weighted using a fraction of shadow component instead of sun altitude angles An error in outgoing shortwave radiation equation have been fixed The generation of bushes in the vegetation DEM process is improved
19. owing format including the order of the columns The header names must also be specified a below year month day hour Ta RH radG radD radl yyyy mm dd h a b c d e Where all the columns are separated by a tab and yyyy a year with 4 digits mm a month a round number between 1 and 12 including both dd a day a round number between 1 and 31 including both The values 29 30 and 31 can appear depending on the chosen month and year as it is specified in the Gregorian calendar h an hour a round number between 0 and 23 including both a the air temperature a positive or negative decimal number b the relative humidity a decimal number between 0 and 100 including both c the global shortwave radiation a decimal number from 50 to infinity d the diffuse shortwave radiation a decimal number from 50 to infinity e the direct shortwave radiation a decimal number from 50 to infinity An example of the above format is shown below year month day hour Ta RH radG radD radl 20 2005 10 11 1 12 9 92 0 0 0 2005 10 11 2 12 6 92 0 0 0 2005 10 11 7 11 9 89 5 1 5 1 0 2005 10 11 8 12 5 86 63 2 39 3 222 1 2005 10 11 9 14 3 78 172 59 8 499 1 2005 10 11 11 17 5 64 347 2 75 5 695 7 IMPORTANT The direct beam radiation radl used as input in the SOLWEIG model is not the direct shortwave radiation on a horizontal surface but on a surface perpendicular to the light source Hence the relationship
20. s DOOR Mark the buildings Marking edition F Use normal button clicks A Esad painted the tras Press BACKSPACE or DELETE to remove the previously selected points Cancel Continue A shift click right click Figure 11 Load DEMs step when marking the buildings 13 Figure 12 shows the two dialogs which represent a third level dialog where the vegetation DEM is generated The User could choose from three standard vegetation shapes conifer deciduous or bush The wizard is then generating a vegetation unit based on the measures inserted diameter tree height and trunk height Finally the user can locate the vegetation unit somewhere within the model domain This procedure can be repeated or a vegetation unit can also be removed Edit vegetation DEM OB Edit vegetation DEM ES Add a vegetation unit Conifer Deciduous Bush Diameter m 25 00 Tree height m 20 00 Trunk height m 0 00 Remove a vegetation unit Select the unit ID 1 Y Remove Create a new vegetation DEM Cancel Save Figure 12 Load DEMs step when setting the vegetation By default the system will allow all types of file extensions in where a vegetation DEM can be stored In order to be successfully loaded it has to follow the following format including the order of the headers ID ttype dia height trunk xX y build i t d h tr xX y b Where all the columns are separated by a tab and tree identifi
21. software model which can be used to estimate spatial variations of 3D radiation fluxes and mean radiant temperature Tm in complex urban settings This document describes the computer software and the graphical user friendly interface that has been developed for the SOLWEIG model For detailed description of the model see Lindberg et al 2008 and Lindberg amp Grimmond 2010 SOLWEIG is written in MATLAB programming language This involves a certain number of advantages for the aim of this model as matrices processing are required continuously a requirement that MATLAB covers perfectly Therefore better fast and efficient results are obtained The Graphical user interface is written in Java and makes use of aruntime engine called the MCR MATLAB Compiler Runtime which makes it possible to run MATLAB application outside the MATLAB environment The MCR is deployed royalty free This document will help you to install and run the SOLWEIG model using the Graphical user interface Major changes in SOLWEIG 1 1 Longwave and shortwave radiation fluxes from the four cardinal points is now separated based on anisotropical Sky View Factor SVF images The computations time in this new version is much slower than previous version This is because a new concept is used to estimate outgoing longwave radiation In 1 0 the spatial variations of Ly was only dependent on local shadow patterns on the ground In 1 1 a new concept of Ground View Fact
22. terest is a location where more detailed information of the model can be extracted The text file generated includes the following attributes year year month month of year day day in month hour hour of day altitude altitude of the Sun in degrees azimuth azimuth of the Sun in degrees Kdirect Direct beam solar radiation calculated of from meteorol data Kdiffuse diffuse component of radiation calculated of from meteorol data Kglobal global radiation from meteorological input data Kdown downward shortwave radiation Kup outgoing shortwave radiation Knorth shortwave radiation from north Keast shortwave radiation from east Ksouth shortwave radiation from west Kwest shortwave radiation from south Ldown downward longwave radiation Lup outgoing longwave radiation Lnorth longwave radiation from north Least longwave radiation from east Lsouth longwave radiation from west Lwest longwave radiation from west Ta air temperature from meteorol data RH relative humidity from meteorol data Ea vapor pressure Esky sky emissivity Sstr mean radiant flux density Tmrt mean radiant temperature 10 theoretical value of maximum incoming solar radiation Cl clearness index for Luown Based on Crawford and Duchon 1999 Gvf Ground View Factor CI_Tg clearness index used for calculating T T differences Based on Reindl et al 1990 The User can unselect a selected point of interest by clicking on the button Clear current p
23. xecuting the model By clicking on the Calculate Daily Shading button bottom right the user will be able to execute the shadow patterns Before executing an output folder must be specified Besides the User can choose to execute the model without taking into account the vegetation DEM in case there is one loaded This can be useful for the User to comparing the results with and without vegetation on the building DEM SOLWEIG version 2 0 also offers the User the chance to store the results in two different file format types ASCII and TIFF 23 By selecting the option Do not show the temporal images during the execution the User will not see the results on real time but will still have the option to see them if he she chose to have output images The additional execution inputs is used to specify on what day the shadow patterns should be generated and in what temporal resolution Upcoming versions The SOLWEIG model is in a development process and we are constantly working on refinement and improvements of the model Our plans so far are to present these changes in one major upgrade Version 3 0 Two major changes are planned in the upcoming version 3 0 First a land use scheme will be incorporated which gives the opportunity to change surface characteristics and separate between vegetation types more explicit Second possibilities to calculate PET Physiological Equivalent Temperature will also be included The aim
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