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Contents
1. e 333132 Serial Interface Cable Kit Cable e 335243 Null Modem Cable e 345002 111 Adapter Cable OR e 333132 Serial Interface Cable Kit Installation amp Operating Procedures M 3 If you are using either a SPECTRONIC 20 or 20D refer to Table 2 2 for information on filters and phototubes that must be installed for accurate results Table 2 2 Phototube options SPECTRONIC 20 and 20D only Phototube Filter Range Cat No Cat No 340 to 600 nm 332971 None required 600 to 950 nm 332972 332918 400 to 700 nm 332989 332992 Or use appropriate filter from Accessory Filter Kit Cat No 333128 Included with instrument a see ee 4 Plug the power cord into a grounded outlet with the appropriate voltage 5 Turn the Power Switch Zero Control clockwise and allow the instrument to warm up for at least 15 minutes Technique Successful use of your spectrophotometer depends on the consistent use of correct laboratory procedures and analytical techniques To minimize problems follow these simple rules Keep all solutions free of bubbles Make sure that all sample holders are at least half full Use the same cuvette for both sample and blank measurements Use square cuvettes Cat No 331709 with Holder Cat No 333176 for greater accuracy Make sure that the mark fiducial line on the test tube aligns with the mark on the adap2. Figure 3 2 Location of photodiode KEY 1 Photodiode 3 Lamp 2 Connection wire 4 Filter 10 Close the door and tighten the thumbscrew 11 Check the calibration of the instrument using the procedures below or call your local Spectronic Instruments service organization if necessary Wavelength Calibration Check Under normal operating conditions the SPECTRONIC 20 and 20D spectrophotometers should retain their wavelength accuracy indefinitely If the instrument is subjected to a severe shock or other abuse wavelength performance may be checked by one of three methods Cobalt solution check Didymium filter from the Accessory Filter Kit Cat No 333129 e Wavelength Accuracy Test from SPECTRONIC Standards Cat No 333150 An explanation of the cobalt solution check follows Instructions on use of the didymium filter and SPECTRONIC Standards are found in the user s manual for each accessory SPECTRONIC 20 series Cobalt solution check To prepare a stock cobalt solution l In a 1 liter volumetric flask place 200 mL distilled water Slowly and cautiously add 10 mL concentrated hydrochloric acid ACS grade Mix and make to volume with distilled water to obtain 1 hydrochloric acid solution 2 In a 1 liter volumetric flask place 22 to 23 gm cobalt chloride CoCL ACS grade Dissolve in the 1 hydrochloric acid Make to volume with 1 hydrochloric acid to obtain cobalt chloride stock
3. z Introduction The main features on the underside of the instrument are shown in Figure 1 3 lt a TY b LI Figure 1 3 Bottom view of SPECTRONIC 20 or 20D KEY 1 Lamp access door with thumbscrew 2 Filter lever 3 Analog output jack Serial I O port 4 Line voltage switch under this plate international models only Introduction SPECTHONIC 20 series 7 SETIE Operating features of the SPECTRONIC 20 readout and readjust if necessary spectrophotometer The main controls for routine operation are the Power Analog Output Jack Switch Zero Control Wavelength Control Filter Lever and Transmittance Absorbance Control This jack is used to connect an analog recorder to the instrument see Figure 1 3 The analog output signal level is fixed at approximately 1 VDC at 100 T This Power Switch Zero Control output is not adjustable The ON OFF main power switch is operated by the The signals on each pin are listed below Power Switch Zero Control knob The Zero Control 1 Analog output knob is used to set the display to a O96 T readout when 2 Analog ground the sample compartment is empty and the adapter cover 3 Analog ground is closed 4 Meter 5 Analog output 6 Meter Wavelength Control The Wavelength Control selects the desired analytical Operating features of the SPECTRONIC 20D wavelength of the instrument The selected wavelength spectrophotometer is indicated on the wavelength scale in the window nex
4. stray radiant energy photometric accuracy requires Cuvette Holder Cat No 333176 and Adapter Cat No 333178 included with instrument Use for lowering stray light to lt 0 5 T and for validating wavelength accuracy includes four stray radiant energy 2 order filters and one didymium filter Connects SPECTRONIC 20D to Accessory Printer or computer For using the SPECTRONIC 20D or 20D with an IBM compatible computer includes standard curve wavelength scan and kinetics programs see Table 2 1 on page 2 1 for required cable Cable Kit to connect SPECTRONIC 20D or 20D to an IBM compatible computer or SPECTRONIC 20D to 335488 40 column printer Includes optical diagrams circuit diagrams diagnostics troubleshooting schematics and assemblies For SPECTRONIC 20 and 20D models includes optical diagrams circuit diagrams diagnostics troubleshooting Schematics and assemblies Booklet of lab experiments and basic spectrophotometry information Glassware selection and sampling options To change adapters loosen the small set screw on the inner wall of the adapter using the adapter wrench In addition to the standard 1 2 test tube and 1 2 adapter clipped to the bottom of the instrument see Figure supplied with the instrument several types of 1 3 glassware are available The sample adapter must match the glassware as shown in the chart below i 4 2 Cell selection chart ble 4 2 Cell selection chart for
5. Problem 1 Instrument does not function a Power line cord not connected to outlet b Dead power outlet c Internal fuse blown d Defective electronic component 2 Meter Display does not zero a Sample compartment cover not closed b La tly closed sv Phototube defective access door not ti d Defective electronic component 3 Readings are drifting or incorrect a Poor sampling technique Filter seiection lever is in wrong position c Fumes from sample d Excessive line voltage variation ri only Source lamp defective g Phototube defective Defective electronic component T m Wrong line voltage setting international models SPECTRONIC 20 Series Include a detailed letter inside the shipping carton fastened to the instrument describing the trouble Please include the name and phone number of the person or department head most familiar with the problem This information enables service personnel to make required repairs promptly and at least expense In the United States mark on the shipping container FIRST CLASS LETTER ENCLOSED First class postage is required only on the letter The carton is accepted at standard mail rates Troubleshooting Table 3 1 Operator s Troubleshooting Guide outlines some diagnostic techniques that may help you isolate the cause of a problem f l Remed Plug in power line cord Try a diffe
6. curve factor 1 ab Note that the concentration mode can be used only if the linearity of the standard curve has been verified for the test conditions used These test conditions include wavelength concentration range of interest cuvette pathlength and analytical procedure Furthermore the concentration mode may be used only if the standard curve has a positive slope i e absorbance increases with concentration Choosing a Readout Mode _ When using entered standard solutions the 1 ab factor is used to convert absorbance to concentration according to the equation C f A Concentration Measurements using FACTOR mode on page 2 4 describes how to use the factor mode For more information on concentration measurements and other techniques contact Spectronic Instruments Application Laboratory and request a list of available SpecTech Notes Note It is not actually necessary to know the 1 ab factor because this factor is introduced into the instrument when the concentration adjust control is used to set the digital display to read the concentration of the standard See page 2 4 for detailed instructions SPECTRONIC 20 series Concentration Factor Check Feature To verify that operating conditions do not vary between reagent batches or from day to day use the concentration factor check features as follows After the concentration mode has been set up with standard solutions press the MODE select control until the FACT
7. displayed a value between 0 100 and 1000 4 Press the MODE control key to select the CONCENTRATION mode 5 Rinse and fill the cell with the sample solution of unknown concentration Wipe the cell with a tissue and insert the cell in the sample compartment 6 Read the concentration of the sample directly from the display 7 Remove the cell from the sample compartment and repeat steps 5 and 6 for each of the samples 8 When all measurements are completed turn off the spectrophotometer by turning the Power Switch counterclockwise until it clicks Printing SSPECTRONIC 20D and 20D only Normally the spectrophotometer is in the print mode when it is first turned on and operates at a rate of 1200 baud A range of other transmission rates from 110 to 9600 baud may also be accommodated SPECTRONIC 20 series installation amp Operating Procedures To use the Accessory Printer Data format 1 Set the baud rate on the Accessory Printer to 1200 Data from the instrument to a printer or other remote Refer to the Accessory Printer Operator s Manual device is sent as shown in the following example Cat No 335488 10001 2 Push the PRINT key for a printout 574NM 01 5 A CR amp LF 3 DIGITS FOR E j CARRIAGE Remote operation SPECTRONIC 20D and WVL THEN NM RETURN AND LINE 20D only SPACE i DATA TYPE SIGN A T C OR F Command set BLANK OR SPACE An external device may send the commands listed in e ocean T
8. door see Figure 1 3 4 Remove the phototube using the plastic straps as an aid see Figure 3 3 o UE es ee Do not touch the lamp with your fingers 5 Install the new phototube If a filter is required insert it into the holder on the inside of the door see Figure 3 3 The tube and filter must be clean and free of fingerprints If necessary use a lint free tissue for cleaning 6 Close the door and securely fasten the thumbscrew This is essential for proper operation SPECTRONIC 20 series Maintenance en Figure 3 3 Lamp compartment for SPECTRONIC 20 and 20D models KEY 1 Phototube 3 Filter holder 2 Plastic straps 4 Lamp Maintenance i Service Procedure If the instrument develops a malfunction that cannot be corrected by operator maintenance it may be serviced by your local Spectronic Instruments service organization If you are in the U S A contact Spectronic Instruments whether the instrument is still under warranty or it has expired If you are outside the U S A contact the distributor from whom you purchased the instrument whether the instrument is still under warranty or it has expired If it is necessary to ship the instrument 1 Wrap the spectrophotometer in plastic then pack carefully in a crush resistant carton with at least three inches of shock absorbing material to prevent transit damage Table 3 1 Operator s troubleshooting guide Possible Cause
9. fill the cell with the solution Wipe the cell with a tissue and insert the cell in the sample compartment Align the guide marks and close the lid Press the MODE control key until the LED beside concentration is lit Press the INCREASE or DECREASE key until the displayed value matches the concentration of the standard solution Note Limits are 0 to 1999 To determine the factor press the MODE control key until the LED beside the Factor is lit Read and record the factor value Press the MODE control key until the LED beside Concentration is lit Remove the standard solution and rinse and fill the cell with the sample solution of unknown concentration Wipe the cell with a tissue and insert the cell in the sample compartment Read the concentration of the sample directly from the display SPECTRONIC 20 series 8 Remove the cell from the sample compartment and repeat steps 6 and 7 for each of the samples 9 When all measurements are completed turn off the spectrophotometer by turning the Power Switch counterclockwise until it clicks Concentration measurements using FACTOR mode Note Refer to Appendix A for more information about the FACTOR mode 1 Determine the factor value by following steps 1 through 4 of the procedure for Concentration mode above 2 Press the MODE control key until the LED beside factor is lit 3 Press the INCREASE or DECREASE key until the desired factor is
10. solution To perform the cobalt solution check 1 Turn on the Power Switch Zero Control and allow the instrument to warm up for at least 15 minutes 2 If you have a SPECTRONIC 20D or 20D set the display mode to Transmittance 3 With the sample compartment empty and the cover closed adjust the Power Switch Zero Control until the meter or display reads O T 4 Set the Wavelength Control to 500 nm Set the Filter Lever to 340 599nm 6 Insert the glassware filled with distilled water into the sample compartment and use the Transmittance Absorbance Control to set the meter or display to 10096 T 7 Replace the distilled water with the cobalt chloride solution 8 Insert the glassware filled with the cobalt chloride solution into the sample compartment 9 Read T on the meter or display 10 Repeat steps 4 through 9 at 505 510 515 and 520 nm The instrument is in proper calibration when minimum transmittance maximum absorbance occurs between 505 and 515 nm The specific transmittance or absorbance values are unimportant CA Wavelength calibration adjustment If the wavelength accuracy is out of tolerance refer to the Service Procedure section on page 3 5 Customer recalibration is not recommended Maintenance Photometric linearity check If the photometric linearity of the instrument is questionable first check your analytical procedure and technique see Techniques on page 2 2 If proper operati
11. 4 1928 562529 THERMO CHINA 3 5B Asia Games Garden No 12 Xiaoying Dong Lu Chaoyang District Beijing 100101 China Telephone Int 8610 64974945 Facsimile int 8610 64974946 For Asia Pacific and Latin America sales offices contact Rochester New York USA 333182 10001 Rev e 7 98 Printed in the U S A
12. HEM 4 LT7 NM SPECTRONIC 20 SERIES Spectrophotometers Ax DDELPOR MANUAL Instruments Section 2 Installation amp Operating Procedures Environment Setup Installation Make sure that your spectrophotometer is placed as far 1 Select the appropriate glassware and adapters For as possible from any strong magnetic or electrical more information about glassware adapters and cell fields or any electrical apparatus that may generate holders refer to Table 4 1 on page 4 1 and Table high frequency fields 4 2 on page 4 2 2 If you are connecting the instrument to an Accessory The instrument should be installed in an area that is Printer computer or chart recorder refer to Table free of dust corrosive gases and severe vibrations 2 1 for information about cabling requirements In addition there should be no obstructions that could hinder the flow of air under and around the instrument Table 2 1 Cabling requirements for SPECTRONIC 20 series of spectrophotometers DEVICE ow w o Analog e 333174 Patch Cord e 333174 Patch Cord e 333174 Patch Cord Recorder Accessory Not available e 333177 Serial Interface e 333132 Serial Interface Printer Cable Cable Kit e 335488 1601 included with Serial Printer 335488 ie PC Not available e 333177 Serial Interface e 333132 Serial Interface Cable Cable Kit e 335243 Null Modem Cable OR e 333132 Serial Interface Cable Kit ET
13. OR LED lights and read and record the factor given on the digital display Every time new standard solutions are used for the same test such as for a new reagent batch or when setting up the instrument press the MODE select control until the FACTOR LED lights and note the factor on the digital display A change in the factor indicates a change in the slope of the standard curve due to variation in operating conditions t is recommended that a standard always be used to set the concentration mode The operator may choose however to set the blank to 000A then switch to the concentration mode Appendix B Optical Diagram eee LAMP ENTRANCE SLIT d T Bis E LENS LENS er LENS H _ hy d NEM NEM a X A EXIT SLIT GRATING CENTER OF TEST TUBE VARIABLE STOP FILTERS 100 T ADJUSTMENT PHOTODETECTOR Figure B 1 Optical diagram for SPECTRONIC 20 series spectrophotometers DEG PON G nstruments A subsidiary of Thermo Optek a Thermo Instrument Systems company SPECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS INC 820 Linden Avenue Rochester NY 14625 USA Telephone 800 654 9955 or 716 248 4000 Facsimile 716 248 4014 E Mail info Q spectronic com Web Site http AWwww spectronic com SPECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS INC EUROPE 93 96 Chadwick Road Astmoor Industrial Estate Runcorn Cheshire WA7 1PR England Telephone Int 44 1928 562522 Facsimile Int 4
14. SORBANCE by pressing the MODE control key until the appropriate LED is lit 6 Fill a clean cell with water or another blank solution and wipe the cell with a tissue to remove liquid droplets dust and fingerprints 7 Place the cell in the sample compartment and align the guide mark on the cell with the guide mark at the front of the sample compartment Press the cell firmly into the sample compartment and close the lid 8 Adjust the display to 100 9c T or 0 0A with the Transmittance Absorbance Control knob on the right side of instrument 9 Remove the cell from the sample compartment and empty the water 10 Rinse the cell twice with small volumes of the solution to be measured and fill it with the solution Installation amp Operating Procedures Il 12 13 Wipe the cell with a tissue and insert the cell into the sample compartment Align the guide marks and close the lid Read the appropriate value T or A from the display Remove the cell from the sample compartment and repeat steps 10 through 12 for any remaining sample solutions When all measurements are completed turn off the spectrophotometer by turning the Power Switch counterclockwise until it clicks Concentration measurements using CONCENTRATION mode I Follow steps through 9 of the Transmittance and Absorbance Pia using the eae mode Rinse the cell twice with small volumes of the standard solution of known concentration and
15. SPECTRONIC 20 ser SPECTRONIC 20 series of spectrophotometers ECENCCCHE T ILTIECCNN M NUMBER REQUIRES j mz Square Cuvette 331709 10mm 333178 333176 Optical Glass it included with Cell Holder 45 mm tall instrument 331701 11 66 mm 333178 included with instrument Cuvette Optical Glass 100 mm tall 333176 Cell Holder included with 331713 331713 333178 included with instrument cuvettes rr rp M 331780 0 459 333178 11 7 mm included with 3 4 Test Tube 331781 0 657 Optical Glass 150 mm tall 1 2 Test Tube Optical Glass 100 mm tall 332932 Light Shield 16 69 mm 332932 Light Shield 1 Test Tube Optical Glass 150 mm tall SPECTRONIC 20 series Accessories The design of the standard adapter provided with the instrument was changed in 1986 The current adapter Cat No 333178 accommodates a diameter test tube or a 14 Square cuvette Prior to 1986 the standard adapter Cat No 333127 accommodated only the 1 2 diameter test tube To identify the standard adapter easily turn the adapter bottom end up and look into the barrel of the adapter Figure 4 1 illustrates the pre 1986 design which will not accommodate a 12 square cuvette This can be replaced with a current adapter Cat No 333178 to accommodate 1 2 square cuvettes Figure 4 1 Standard adapter KEY 1 Sprin
16. a standard curve The concentration of unknowns may then be determined by locating on the standard curve the concentration value which corresponds to the absorbance of the unknown To eliminate T to A calculations each model of the instrument provides conversion of transmittance to absorbance The SPECTRONIC 20 has an absorbance scale marked with values corresponding to percent transmittance The operator may simply read the absorbance scale and use these values to construct a standard curve as described above The SPECTRONIC 20D offers precise electronic conversion of transmittance to absorbance When the absorbance mode is used the reference blank sets 0 000A and the results for standards and unknowns are obtained in absorbance Results in absorbance may be related to concentration by Beer s Law A abc if the absorptivity and pathlength are known or by constructions of a standard curve as described above Absorbance measurements are useful for kinetics studies and for reaction systems which do not obey Beer s Law and therefore have non linear standard plots Concentration Mode The SPECTRONIC 20D provides a more convenient readout the concentration mode which eliminates the necessity for constructing a standard curve The instrument electronically converts results in absorbance to concentration units by multiplying the absorbance value by the factor which is the inverse of the slope of the standard
17. able 2 4 to the SPECTRONIC 20D and 20D POINT spectrophotometer Table 2 3 lists conventions for serial I O data Table 2 3 Serial I O data conventions Word length 8 data bits 1 stop bit most significant bit set to 0 Parity None Echo None Terminators Ignores all carriage return or line feed characters sent by external device except for CR in Auto Baud Rate mode Transmits ASCII CR LF after every data line Table 2 4 Commands for remote operation of SPECTRONIC 20D spectrophotometers Function UP i We je to absorbance LT je to transmittance Set the data mode to concentration Set the data mode to factor CONTROL X Reset the spectrophotometer to initial power up condition E Set the spectrophotometer s baud rate to the rate used by a computer or an ASCII carriage return CR connected to the serial output port Procedures _SPECTRONIC 20 series Installation amp Operating Baud rate settings Note The PRINT line is normally high The PRINT line Data is sent to the printer or received from an external can be set low by pressing the PRINT button device at a rate of 1200 baud if the instrument is For SPECTRONIC 20D models you can set the turned on with the PRINT line high at logic 1 PRINT line low by pressing the pushbutton on the greater than 2 0 VDC Other baud rates may be Serial Interface Cable Cat No 333177 while selected when the spectrophotometer is connected to a turning on the spe
18. c HUS UR OR Re 06dh de Oni dr ona ace ai Coca A 1 Concentration MOG ood s a CC eee IE OR eee d A 1 Concentration Factor Check Feature A 2 Appendix B Optical Diagram Section 1 Introduction The SPECTRONIC 20 series of spectrophotometers summarizes the specifications for the two current is one of the most widely used laboratory instruments models in the SPECTRONIC 20 series Over the years the series has been improved and now includes the SPECTRONIC 20 and the Operational procedures for the SPECTRONIC 20 and SPECTRONIC 20D 20D spectrophotometers are included in this manual This section describes these two latest instruments and their basic operating features The table below Table 1 1 Specifications for SPECTRONIC 20 and SPECTRONIC 20D Spectrophotometers Display LED 96 T A C Factor Photometric range Meter 5 mirrored scale linear T non linear A 0 to 1999C 0 to 100 T 0to2 A 0 1 to 1000 Factor nmm 0 5 T from 340nm to 950nm Accessory output 1 0 VDC nominal at 100 T 1 0 VDC nominal at 100 T RS 232C serial I O port Power requirements 100 115V 50 60Hz 220 240V 50 60Hz 16 25 W 41 3cm x 8 5 H 21 6cm x 13 5 D 34 3cm Net 18lbs 8 2kg When measured with appropriate accessory filter installed Accessory Filter Kit 333129 0 to 100 T 0 to 1 95A Introduction SPECTRONIC 20 series Environmental a
19. center k Incorrect phototube or filter installed Check Table 2 2 page 2 2 for correct phototube SPECTRONIC 20 20D only and filter and install 5 Readings are not repeatable fa Loose lamp Tighten thumbscrew on lamp access door even though the 0 T and 100 T readings are set correctly b Loose sample holder adapter Tighten set screw inside adapter c Poor analytical technique Clean or replace dirty test tubes remove bubbles etc See Techniques on page 2 2 d Test tube position not repeating Always position fiducial line in exactly the same place when test tube is inserted into adapter Use square cuvettes m e Meter sticking SPECTRONIC 20 and 20 only Tap lightly for possible correction If problem persists _ refer to service center Section 4 Accessories Table 4 1 Accessories available for SPECTRONIC 20 and 20 series of spectrophotometers Accessory Cell Holders and Sample Compartment Adapters SPECTRONIC Standards Accessory Filter Kit Accessory Printer RS 232 C Serial Interface Cable Vernier Software RS 232C Cable SPECTRONIC 20 Series Service Manual SPECTRONIC 20 Series Service Manual Educational Manual Catalog Number 333150 333129 335488 333177 333192 02 333132 333182 10020 333175 10020 332909 10030 Description See Table 4 2 on page 4 2 Quick reliable way to test and evaluate instrument performance 0 T wavelength accuracy
20. ck 1 0g L potassium dichromate solution into a clean 100mL volumetric flask containing about 75mL 0 01N sulfuric acid solution Fill to volume with 0 01N sulfuric acid solution This is your 0 05g L potassium dichromate solution 8 Set the Wavelength Control to 350nm 9 Set Filter Lever to 340 950nm SPECTRONIC 20 series 10 Fill a 10mm pathlength rectangular cuvette with 0 01N sulfuric acid solution and place it in the sample compartment 11 Set the readout of the instrument to OA 12 Fill the 10mm pathlength rectangular cuvette with 0 025g L potassium dichromate solution place it in the sample compartment and read the absorbance You should expect to read 0 248A 13 Fill the 10mm pathlength rectangular cuvette with 0 05g L potassium dichromate solution place it in the sample compartment and read the absorbance You should expect to read 0 496A Note Values should be within 0 02A of the expected absorbance values if the solutions have been prepared carefully Replacing phototubes SPECTRONIC 20 or 20D models only The lamp and surrounding metal parts get very hot during operation Before removing the phototube turn off the instrument and allow the area to cool down for 10 minutes Turn off and unplug the instrument before removing the lamp door To change the phototube 1 Turn off and unplug the instrument 2 Tilt up the unit and set on its back 3 Loosen the thumbscrew on the lamp access
21. ctrophotometer computer These rates include 110 300 1200 2400 4800 and 9600 baud If the spectrophotometer is turned on with the PRINT line low logic O less than 0 8 VDC it adjusts to the computer s baud rate upon receipt of either the letter E or a carriage return CR character from the computer NOTE This operator s manual contains information and instructions for Spectronic Instruments SPECTRONIC 20 and 20D spectrophotometers that were believed accurate at the time this manual was written However as part of Spectronic Instruments on going program of product development the specifications and operating instructions for these spectrophotometers may be modified or changed as needed Spectronic Instruments reserves the right to change such operating instructions and specifications Under no circumstances shall Spectronic Instruments be obligated to notify purchasers of any future changes in either this operator s manual or any other instructions or specifications relating to the SPECTRONIC 20 series spectrophotometers nor shall Spectronic Instruments be liable in any way for its failure to notify purchasers of such changes FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENT FOR U S A USERS This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause interference to radio communications It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Clas
22. ecified below and labor and applies only to equipment which has been installed and operated in accordance with the operator s instruction manual and which has been serviced only by authorized Spectronic Instruments dealers or service personnel This warranty does not apply to equipment and accessories that have been modified or tampered with in any way misused or damaged by accident neglect or conditions beyond Spectronic Instruments control This warranty does not apply to lamps glassware and similar expendable components However such parts and components may be warranted by their manufacturer Spectronic Instruments is not responsible under this warranty for loss in operating performance due to environmental conditions THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESSED IMPLIED OR STATUTORY INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY OR OTHERWISE and states Spectronic Instruments entire and exclusive liability and the Customer s exclusive remedy for any claim in connection with the sale or furnishing of services goods or parts their design suitability for use installation or operations Spectronic Instruments will in no event be liable for any direct indirect special or consequential damages whatsoever including loss of goodwill whether grounded in tort including negligence strict liability or contract and Spectronic Instruments liability under no circumstances w
23. ed liquid as soon as possible Turn off and unplug the instrument before cleaning the sample compartment Turn off and uplug the instrument Use protective equipment safety goggles gloves lab coat etc 3 Using tweezers remove broken pieces of glass from the sample compartment 4 While supporting the instrument move it to the edge of the lab bench so that the lamp access door may be opened 5 Loosen the lamp access door thumbscrew and carefully open the door Spilled fluid may be present inside Make sure to clean up all liquid that was spilled 6 Reach inside the lamp compartment and remove any remaining glass 7 Tip the instrument back on the lab bench and clean the sample compartment with an appropriate cleaning solvent 8 Visually inspect the lamp photodiode or phototube and filters to determine if any liquid has spilled on them Refer to Figure 3 2 or Figure 3 3 9 Remove any liquid spilled on the lamp filter photodiode or phototube surfaces e Lamp filter and phototube surfaces Clean with a soft cloth or the softest area of a cotton swab and glass cleaner e Photodiode The photodiode is easily damaged cleaning should be performed by your Spectronic Instruments service organization Clean the photodiode only if liquid is spilled on it Use very light pressure with the softest area of a cotton swab dipped in high grade isopropyl alcohol Do not touch the wire connected to the detector N
24. g found in pre 1986 adapters Appendix A Choosing a Readout Mode Transmittance Mode All SPECTRONIC 20 series spectrophotometers measure the relative amount of light transmitted yielding results in transmittance The transmittance mode is useful for calibration stray radiant energy tests and filter studies Furthermore very low concentrations may be measured with greater sensitivity in the transmittance mode When the transmittance mode is used the reagent blank sets 100 T and the results for standard solutions and unknown samples are obtained as percent transmittance A standard curve may be constructed on semi logarithmic paper by plotting the percent transmittance on the logarithmic axis vs the concentration of known standard solutions on the linear axis The best line is drawn through these points The concentration of unknown samples may then be determined by locating the concentration value which corresponds to the percent transmittance of the unknown on the standard curves Absorbance Mode Usually the operator desires results in absorbance for direct correlation of concentration by Beer s Law A abc Results in percent transmittance may be converted to absorbance values by use of transmittance absorbance conversion tables or by the formula A log T Results in absorbance may be plotted against the concentration of known standards on rectilinear graph paper The best line is drawn through these points to construct
25. he instrument The selected wavelength appears on the left side of the LED display The Filter Lever should be set to the proper filter for the wavelength setting Filter Lever This control selects the filter to be used for the measurement Red is used for measurements from 600 to 950nm Black is used for measurements from 340 to 599nm Digital Readout The Digital Readout displays wavelength and data readings The four LED status indicators next to the labels TRANSMITTANCE ABSORBANCE CONCENTRATION and FACTOR indicate the MODE currently active Transmittance Absorbance Control This control sets the display to 100 T 0 0A when a cuvette containing a blank reference solution is inserted in the sample compartment It must be reset whenever the analytical wavelength has been changed When operating at a fixed wavelength for an extended period of time check the 100 T 0 0A readout and readjust if necessary MODE Select This control selects the TRANSMITTANCE ABSORBANCE CONCENTRATION or FACTOR mode In troduction Factor Adjust Controls The pushbuttons labelled INCREASE and DECREASE are used in the CONCENTRATION and FACTOR modes To set a lower CONCENTRATION or FACTOR value press and hold down the DECREASE button until the desired value is displayed To set a higher value press and hold down the INCREASE button until the desired value is displayed Print This pushbutton is used to send data to a
26. ill exceed the contract price for the goods and or services for which liability is claimed Contents Section 1 Introduction 1 1 Environmental and electrical requirements 1 2 Operating features of the SPECTRONIC 20 spectrophotometer 1 6 Operating features of the SPECTRONIC 20D spectrophotometer 1 6 Section 2 Installation amp Operating Procedures 2 1 EnVIrOnmeb cessa a aco Rau ber dE ROC RC ee oe a et ol d obo deu m d atn 2 1 Set b InstallaliQri 2 1 BET IK TREE T TIU TI To D DOTT 2 2 Sample Measurements FX 2 2 mine LI pP 2 4 Remote operaio se Prom 2 5 Section 3 Maintenance eee 3 1 Lamp Replacement 4 2 oa Ec ACE ER CUL eee eer Ur aeos wale eire 3 1 Cleaning the sample compartment eee eee eee eee 3 2 Wavelength Calibration Check elles 3 2 Photometric linearity check 3 3 Replacing DhotOol bDOS x xod a c RU RC RR EUREN Rod a eee ees 3 4 Servico PIOEBOUEO aac aoxcbni ed we eee Ge ee d y dera ese ee eS 3 6 TrOUDleshoOting odo RE Seo Go ke skeet beeen UR edo eee eae 3 6 Section 4 Accessories Appendix A Choosing a Readout Mode A 1 Transmittance Node A 1 Absorbance Mode 5 12 pa
27. meters Operator s Manual Cat No 333182 10001 Box of 12 test tube cuvettes Cat No 331780 Dust cover Cat No 332961 149 e 12 Adapter Cat No 333178 1 16 Allen wrench Cat No 332260 174 for interchanging test tube adapters SPECTRONIC 20 series Introduction The SPECTRONIC 20 spectrophotometer Cat meter spectrophotometer with a wavelength range of Nos 333182 000 333182 02 333182 04 333182 05 340 nm to 950 nm The nominal spectral slit width of or 333182 07 shown in Figure 1 1 is a single beam 20 nm is constant over the entire range Figure 1 1 SPECTRONIC 20 spectrophotometer KEY 1 Sample compartment 2 Pilot lamp 3 Wavelength control 4 Transmittance Absorbance control 100906 T 0A 5 Power switch Zero control 6 Filter lever mmm mS Introduction O Eu SPECTRONIC 20 series The SPECTRONIC 20D spectrophotometer Cat digital spectrophotometer with a wavelength range of Nos 333183 000 333183 02 333183 04 333183 05 340 nm to 950 nm The nominal spectral slit width of or 333183 07 shown in Figure 1 2 is a single beam 20 nm is constant over the entire range Figure 1 2 SPECTRONIC 20D spectrophotometer KEY 1 Sample compartment 7 Print 2 Digital readout 8 Wavelength control 3 Mode indicators 9 Transmittance Absorbance control LOO T OA 4 Mode selection 10 Power switch Zero Control 5 Decrease 11 Filter lever 6 Increase SPECTRONIC 2g series ceo e
28. nd electrical requirements The SPECTRONIC 20 series of spectrophotometers has been designed to operate under the environmental and electrical requirements listed below Line voltages Catalog Line voltage Frequency Current 333182 000 115VAC 60Hz 0 9 Amp 333182 002 220VAC 50 60Hz 0 5 Amp 333182 004 240VAC 50 60Hz 0 5 Amp 333182 005 100VAC 50 60Hz 0 9 Amp 333183 000 115VAC 60Hz 1 0 Amp 333183 002 220VAC 50 60Hz 0 5 Amp 333183 004 240VAC 50 60Hz 0 5 Amp 333183 005 100VAC 50 60Hz 1 0 Amp Operating environment The instrument meets the specifications on the previous page under the following conditions after a 30 minute warm up period Ambient temperature Relative humidity 50 F to 75 F 15 C to 24 C 20 to 80 76 F to 85 F 25 C to 29 C 20 to 70 86 F to 95 F 30 C to 35 C 20 to 60 96 F to 105 F 36 C to 40 C 20 to 5096 Temperature should be maintained at 4 F 42 C Relative humidity should be maintained to 5 a Storage environment 40 F to 140 F 40 C to 60 C Relative humidity not to exceed 60 Allow instrument to adjust to room temperature for 24 hours after taking it out of storage Altitude From below sea level to 2000 meters 6562 feet For indoor use only Installation Category II Pollution Degree 2 Your instrument package includes e SPECTRONIC 20 Cat No 333182 or SPECTRONIC 20D Cat No 333183 spectrophotometer e SPECTRONIC 20 Series Spectrophoto
29. o remove liquid droplets dust and fingerprints 6 Place the cell in the sample compartment and align the guide mark on the cell with the guide mark at the front of the sample compartment Press the cell firmly into the sample compartment and close the lid 7 Adjust the meter to 100 9t T with the Transmittance Absorbance Control knob on the front right side of instrument 8 Remove the cell from the sample compartment and empty the water 9 Rinse the cell twice with small volumes of the solution to be measured and fill it with the solution SPECTRONIC 20 series 10 Wipe the cell with a tissue and insert the cell into the sample compartment Align the guide marks and close the lid 11 Read the appropriate value 96 T or A from the meter 12 Remove the cell from the sample compartment and repeat steps 9 through 11 for any remaining sample solutions 13 When all measurements are completed turn off the spectrophotometer by turning the Power Switch Zero Control counterclockwise until it clicks PECTRONIC j Notes Flashing display A flashing display indicates that the reading is out of range and the 100 T 0A control must be adjusted This adjustment controls an optical occluder which regulates the amount of light passing through the sample In T mode A reading greater than 200 T will cause the display to flash If the flashing reading is 1999 turn the 10096 T OA control clockwise until the display opera
30. on is still in doubt use the Photometric Accuracy Linearity Test from SPECTRONIC Standards Cat No 333150 to test and evaluate photometric performance of your instrument The alternate method below uses specially prepared potassium dichromate solutions 1 Turn on the Power Switch Zero Control and allow the instrument to warm up for at least 15 minutes 2 Make sure that the sample compartment is empty and the cover is closed then adjust the Power Switch Zero Control until the display reads O T 3 If you have a SPECTRONIC 20D or 20D set the display mode to Absorbance 4 Prepare 0 01N sulfuric acid diluent by adding 0 3mL of concentrated sulfuric acid to about 500mL of deionized or distilled water in a clean 1L volumetric flask Fill to volume with deionized or distilled water 5 Prepare a stock solution of potassium dichromate by weighing 0 500g of potassium dichromate e g Fisher Certified A C S potassium dichromate formula weight 294 19 and dissolving it in about 400mL of 0 01N sulfuric acid solution in a 5 00mL volumetric flask Fill to volume with 0 01N sulfuric acid solution This is your stock 1 0g L potassium dichromate solution 6 Measure 2 5mL of the stock 1 0g L potassium dichromate solution into a clean 100mL volumetric flask containing about 75mL 0 01N sulfuric acid solution Fill to volume with 0 01N sulfuric acid solution This is your 0 025g L potassium dichromate solution 7 Measure 5 0mL of the sto
31. rent power outlet Refer to service manual or service center Refer to service manual or service center Close cover Close door and retighten thumbscrew R Refer to service manual or service center eplace as required Eliminate bubbles or particles in solution Set 100 T on appropriate blank solution Set filter lever to proper position Remove sample immediately after analysis Check voltage and Reset Line Voltage Selection Switch grounding Replace with new lamp Replace as required Refer to service manual or service center Table 3 1 continued _ Possible Cause Remedy 4 Cannot set 100 T 0 0A or display flashes Set 100 T with blank solution in the sample compartment and cover closed Several turns of the 100 T control may be necessary a 100 T not properly set b Filter selection lever in wrong position Set filter lever to p position c OPT not properly set all models except Set 0 T with the sample compartment empty and the SPECTRONIC 20D cover closed COE d Occluder closed Install test tube in sa ile compartment e Sample holder not fully inserted into adapter f Source lamp weak or burned out Replace with new lamp g Wrong line voltage setting international models only h Phototube weak Replace as required Error in wavelength calibration Check calibration Defective electronic component Refer to service manual or service
32. s A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be required to correct the interference GENERAL SAFETY NOTES USED IN THIS MANUAL This symbol alerts you to important information about using the instrument Be sure to read and follow the associated instructions carefully This symbol alerts you to potential electrical hazards Be sure that only qualified persons perform the related procedures gt gt This symbol alerts you to hot surfaces Be sure to read and follow the associated instructions carefully Copyright 1997 Spectronic Instruments Inc All rights reserved SPECTRONIC is a registered trademark of Spectronic Instruments Inc All other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies NEW PRODUCT WARRANTY Spectronic Instruments warranties the SPECTRONIC 20 series of spectrophotometers against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three 3 years from the date of delivery Related accessories are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one 1 year from the date of delivery This warranty covers all parts except those sp
33. serial printer connected to the output jack Analog Output Serial VO Port Analog Output This port is used to connect an analog recorder to the instrument The analog output signal level is approximately 1 VDC at 100 T This output is not adjustable Serial Port The Serial Input Output I O Port is used to connect the instrument to the Accessory Printer Cat No 335488 or to an external device enabling the instrument to accept and execute any one of six commands sent from the device in RS 232 C format The signals on each pin are listed below Analog output Clear to send CTS Ground Transmit data TXD Receive data RXD Print Aun 4 G9 N Refer to page 2 5 for remote operation and to Table 2 on page 2 1 for cabling requirements Section 3 Maintenance Because of the functional design and reliability of the SPECTRONIC 20 and 20D spectrophotometers routine customer maintenance has been reduced to replacement of the 6 0 volt 3 00 amperes source lamp Cat No 333385 SPECTRONIC 20 and 20D models also require replacement of the phototube see Table 2 2 Note The source lamp has a nominal life of 250 hours The operator may also perform routine checks for wavelength calibration and photometric accuracy Lamp Replacement The lamp gets very hot during operation Before removing the lamp turn off the instrument and allow the lamp to cool down for 10 minutes Turn off and unplug the ins
34. t to the knob Red numbers indicate that the 600 950nm The main controls for routine operation are the Power filter should be used black numbers indicate that the Switch Zero Control Wavelength Control Filter Lever 340 599nm filter should be used All gradations are in Transmittance Absorbance Control the MODE 5 nm intervals selector and Factor Adjust controls The accessory Analog Output Serial I O port is located Filter Lever on the underside of the instrument as shown in Figure 1 3 This control selects the filter to be used for the measurement Red is used for measurements from 600 to 950nm Power Switch Zero Control Black is used for measurements from 340 to 599nm The ON OFF main power switch is operated by the Power Switch Zero Control knob The Zero Control Meter knob is used to set the display to a 0 T readout when the sample compartment is empty and the adapter cover Readings are taken directly from the meter in either is closed transmittance or absorbance Transmittance Absorbance Control This control sets the display to 100 T 0 0A when a cuvette containing a blank reference solution is inserted in the sample compartment It must be reset whenever the analytical wavelength has been changed When operating at a fixed wavelength for an extended period of time check the 100 T 0 0A SPEC THONIC 20 series Wavelength Control The Wavelength Control selects the desired analytical wavelength of t
35. ter toward the front of the instrument During extended operation at a fixed wavelength check from time to time for 100 T drift Possible causes of drift are listed in Table 3 1 in the Maintenance section Use clean test tubes and do not touch the test tubes below the fiducial line SPECTHONIC 20 series Sample Measurements Once your instrument has been set up properly and has warmed up for at least 15 minutes you can begin taking measurements P IC E Notes To read the meter properly align the needle with its reflection in the mirror It is important to insert the blank and reset the meter to 10096 T every time the wavelength is changed Tip The basic steps for taking measurements are highlighted in bold text in the following instructions 1 Turn on the SPECTRONIC 20 by turning the Power Switch Zero Control knob on the left side of instrument clockwise Allow the spectrophotometer to warm up for at least 15 minutes to stabilize 2 After the warmup period set the desired wavelength with the Wavelength Control Knob 3 Set the filter lever to the appropriate position for the selected wavelength not required for SPECTRONIC 20 4 Adjust the meter to 0 T with the Power Switch Zero Control knob on the front left side of instrument Make sure the sample compartment is empty and the cover is closed 5 Fillaclean cell with water or blank solution and wipe the cell with a tissue t
36. tes normally If the flashing reading is 1999 turn the 10096 T OA control counterclockwise until the display operates normally In absorbance mode A reading greater than 2A will cause the display to flash If the flashing reading is 1999 turn the 10096 T OA control counterclockwise until the display operates normally If the flashing reading is 1999 turn the 10096 T OA control clockwise until the display operates normally It may require several complete turns of the 100 T control to return to the proper range Installation amp Operating Procedures Change in wavelength It is important to insert the blank and reset the display to 100 T or 0 0A every time the wavelength is changed Tip The basic steps for taking measurements are highlighted in bold text in the following instructions Transmittance and Absorbance 1 Turn on the instrument by turning the Power Switch knob on the left side of instrument clockwise Allow the spectrophotometer to warm up for at least 15 minutes to stabilize 2 After the warmup period set the desired wavelength with the Wavelength Control Knob 3 Set the filter lever to the appropriate position for the selected wavelength not required for SPECTRONIC 20D 4 Adjust the display to O T with the Zero Control knob on the front left side of the instrument Make sure that the sample compartment is empty and the cover is closed 5 Set the display mode to TRANSMITTANCE or AB
37. trument before removing the lamp door 1 Turn off and unplug the instrument 2 Tilt up the unit and set on its back 3 Loosen the thumbscrew on the lamp access door and open the door see Figure 1 3 4 Using finger pressure press the lamp socket toward the mounting bracket Figure 3 1 Do not touch the lamp with your fingers 5 To avoid getting skin oils on the surface of the lamp use the Lamp Gripper supplied with the instrument to grip the lamp Push the lamp toward the lamp socket and rotate counterclockwise to remove it Figure 3 1 Lamp replacement KEY l Lamp 4 Lamp flange 2 Lamp socket 5 Locating pins 3 Mounting bracket 6 Terminals 6 Install a new lamp by properly aligning the large openings in the lamp flange with the locating pins Press the lamp and the lamp socket toward each other and rotate the lamp clockwise until secure Do not touch the lamp with your fingers 7 Clean the lamp of fingerprints and oils close the door and tighten securely This is essential for proper operation Note Do not push on the lamp socket terminals This will inhibit the installation of a new lamp Cleaning the sample compartment In the event a test tube breaks in the sample compartment it is important to remove the glass and any spill
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